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Temiz SA, Dursun R, Fındık S, Ataseven A, Işık B, Özer İ. The relationship between TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, IL-36 expression and treatment response in psoriasis histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2024; 43:182-189. [PMID: 39018470 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2024.2380310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM There is no marker that can predict whether there is resistance to treatment in patients with psoriasis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the staining rates of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36 markers immunohistochemically from cutaneous biopsy and the treatment success. METHODS The patients who were followed up in the dermatology clinic with the diagnosis of plaque-type psoriasis vulgaris and received biological treatment and previously had cutaneous biopsy were included in the study. The cutaneous biopsies of the cases that met the conditions were re-sectioned and subjected to immunohistochemical examination for TNF-α, IL-1, IL-12, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-36. RESULTS Comparing the staining scores with psoriasis area severity index (PASI); A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PASI and TNF-α staining score (p = 0.034). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between PASI and IL-17 staining score (p = 0.004). When the staining scores and PASI response rates of psoriasis treatment were evaluated in terms of correlation; there was a positive correlation between TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-23 immunohistochemical staining rates and PASI response rates. CONCLUSIONS In line with the data obtained from our study, we think that making immunohistochemical scoring before the biological treatment decision in psoriasis patients will be beneficial in treatment selection. In this respect, our study may open a new era in the selection of biological treatments for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selami Aykut Temiz
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Recep Dursun
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sıddıka Fındık
- Department of Pathology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ataseven
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Begüm Işık
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - İlkay Özer
- Department of Dermatology, Necmettin Erbakan University Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
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2
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Alsabbagh MM. Cytokines in psoriasis: From pathogenesis to targeted therapy. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110814. [PMID: 38768527 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease that affects 0.84% of the global population and it can be associated with disabling comorbidities. As patients present with thick scaly lesions, psoriasis was long believed to be a disorder of keratinocytes. Psoriasis is now understood to be the outcome of the interaction between immunological and environmental factors in individuals with genetic predisposition. While it was initially thought to be solely mediated by cytokines of type-1 immunity, namely interferon-γ, interleukin-2, and interleukin-12 because it responds very well to cyclosporine, a reversible IL-2 inhibitor; the discovery of Th-17 cells advanced the understanding of the disease and helped the development of biological therapy. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the role of cytokines in psoriasis, highlighting areas of controversy and identifying the connection between cytokine imbalance and disease manifestations. It also presents the approved targeted treatments for psoriasis and those currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manahel Mahmood Alsabbagh
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders and Department of Molecular Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
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3
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Zalesak M, Danisovic L, Harsanyi S. Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis-Associated Genes, Cytokines, and Human Leukocyte Antigens. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:815. [PMID: 38792999 PMCID: PMC11123327 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60050815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, research has intensified in exploring the genetic basis of psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Genome-wide association studies (GWASs), including tools like ImmunoChip, have significantly deepened our understanding of disease mechanisms by pinpointing risk-associated genetic loci. These efforts have elucidated biological pathways involved in PsO pathogenesis, particularly those related to the innate immune system, antigen presentation, and adaptive immune responses. Specific genetic loci, such as TRAF3IP2, REL, and FBXL19, have been identified as having a significant impact on disease development. Interestingly, different genetic variants at the same locus can predispose individuals to either PsO or PsA (e.g., IL23R and deletion of LCE3B and LCE3C), with some variants being uniquely linked to PsA (like HLA B27 on chromosome 6). This article aims to summarize known and new data on the genetics of PsO and PsA, their associated genes, and the involvement of the HLA system and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Zalesak
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia (L.D.)
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia (L.D.)
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nábrežie Ivana Krasku 4, 921 12 Piestany, Slovakia
| | - Stefan Harsanyi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia (L.D.)
- National Institute of Rheumatic Diseases, Nábrežie Ivana Krasku 4, 921 12 Piestany, Slovakia
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4
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Pierzchalski A, Zenclussen AC, Herberth G. A comprehensive battery of flow cytometric immunoassays for the in vitro testing of chemical effects in human blood cells. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1327960. [PMID: 38229911 PMCID: PMC10790304 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1327960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background There is a growing need for immunological assays to test toxic and modulatory effects of chemicals. The assays should be easy to use, reproducible and superior to cell line-based assays. We have therefore developed a comprehensive portfolio of assays based on primary human blood cells that are suitable for testing chemical effects. Methods The flow cytometry-based assays were designed to target a wide range of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and whole blood, including T cells, NK cells, B cells, basophils and innate-like T cells such as γδT, MAIT and NKT cells. We have selected a set of activation markers for each immune cell, e.g: CD154 (T cells), CD137, CD107a (NK cells), CD63 (basophils), CD69, CD83 (B cells), CD69, IFN-γ (MAIT cells) and we selected cell specific stimuli: aCD3 antibodies (T cells); E. coli and cytokines IL-12/15/18 (MAIT cells); CpG ODN2006, R848 or aCD40 antibodies (B cells), fMLP or aFcϵR1 (basophils) or K562 cells (NK cells). Results By selecting immune cell-specific markers and cell-specific stimuli, we were able to induce particular immune responses from the targeted immune cells. For example, the response to stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies was in 36.8% of CD107a+CD8+ cells. Cytokine stimulation induced the production of IFN-γ in 30% of MAIT cells. After stimulation with E. coli, around 50% of MAIT cells produced TNF. About 40% of basophils responded to aFcƐR1 stimulation. Similar activation ranges were achieved in K562-stimulated NK cells. Conclusion Our test portfolio covers the most relevant immune cells present in human blood, providing a solid basis for in vitro toxicity and immunomodulatory testing of chemicals. By using human blood, the natural composition of cells found in the blood can be determined and the effects of chemicals can be detected at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Pierzchalski
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ana C. Zenclussen
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
- Perinatal Immunology Research Group, Medical Faculty, Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Environmental Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
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Lin L, Huang Z, Jianchi M, Guo Z, Shi Z, Tang Z, Guo Q, Xiong H. Artesunate alleviates psoriasis-like dermatitis by reducing interleukin-23 expression in tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced HaCaT cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:903-913. [PMID: 37635387 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Artesunate (ART), an antimalarial drug with a multifunctional immunomodulatory effect, reduces psoriasis disease. ART can alleviate psoriasis-like dermatitis in mice but has no effect on proinflammatory cytokines in the blood. Thus, we hypothesized that the skin might be the target tissue of ART during the treatment of psoriasis. The interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis has a key role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. However, whether and how ART manipulates the IL-23 signal during psoriasis is unknown. This study found that IL-23 is highly expressed in the epidermis of psoriasis lesions and positively correlated with histological neutrophil infiltration and clinical psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores. Furthermore, ART inhibits the migration and cell cycle, as well as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-induced IL-23 expression in HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner, probably through interference with the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling pathway. Animal experiments in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mice model also suggested that ART dose-dependently reduces IL-23 in the epidermis and ameliorates neutrophil infiltration. These findings thus provide further molecular evidence supporting ART as a promising drug for psoriasis in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongzhou Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ma Jianchi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixuan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenrui Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengqi Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Maeda K, Tanioka T, Takahashi R, Watanabe H, Sueki H, Takimoto M, Hashimoto SI, Ikeo K, Miwa Y, Kasama T, Iwamoto S. MCAM+CD161- Th17 Subset Expressing CD83 Enhances Tc17 Response in Psoriasis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1867-1881. [PMID: 37186262 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the pathogenic roles of IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells (T-cytotoxic 17 [Tc17]) in psoriasis. However, the underlying mechanisms of Tc17 induction remain unclear. In this study, we focused on the pathogenic subsets of Th17 and their mechanism of promotion of Tc17 responses. We determined that the pathogenic Th17-enriched fraction expressed melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) and CCR6, but not CD161, because this subset produced IL-17A abundantly and the presence of these cells in the peripheral blood of patients has been correlated with the severity of psoriasis. Intriguingly, the serial analysis of gene expression revealed that CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells displayed the gene profile for adaptive immune responses, including CD83, which is an activator for CD8+ T cells. Coculture assay with or without intercellular contact between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells showed that CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells induced the proliferation of CD8+ T cells in a CD83-dependent manner. However, the production of IL-17A by CD8+ T cells required exogenous IL-17A, suggesting that intercellular contact via CD83 and the production of IL-17A from activated CD4+ T cells elicit Tc17 responses. Intriguingly, the CD83 expression was enhanced in the presence of IL-15, and CD83+ cells stimulated with IL-1β, IL-23, IL-15, and IL-15Rα did not express FOXP3. Furthermore, CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells expressing CD83 were increased in the peripheral blood of patients, and the CD83+ Th17-type cells accumulated in the lesional skin of psoriasis. In conclusion, pathogenic MCAM+CD161- Th17 cells may be involved in the Tc17 responses via IL-17A and CD83 in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Maeda
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanioka
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Takahashi
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Sueki
- Department of Dermatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takimoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ikeo
- DNA Data Analysis Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miwa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kasama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanju Iwamoto
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
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Eid AA, Aly RG, Elkholy SAE, Sorour OA. Influence of narrow-band ultraviolet B therapy on sirtuin 1 expression in lesional skin of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis: Relation to clinical improvement and interferon-γ expression. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2022; 38:555-563. [PMID: 35353379 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) expression in psoriasis was previously reported, and its activation was associated with disease improvement. Narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) downregulates several pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and influences keratinocyte differentiation in psoriasis. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to study the in vivo influence NB-UVB treatment on Sirt1 expression in psoriatic skin in relation to disease improvement and IFN-γ expression. METHODS Twenty-six patients with chronic plaque psoriasis were evaluated, and psoriasis area severity index (PASI) was calculated. Skin biopsies were taken from lesional skin of the patients before and after 3 months of treatment with NB-UVB and from 26 controls, where the distribution and immunohistochemistry (IHC) scores of Sirt1 and IFN-γ were determined. RESULTS After 3 months of treatment, Sirt1 distribution and epidermal IHC score were significantly higher, whereas Sirt1 dermal IHC score and IFN-γ distribution, epidermal and dermal IHC scores were significantly lower than the pre-treatment values. Before and after 3 months of NB-UVB therapy, PASI showed a significant negative correlation with Sirt1 distribution and epidermal IHC score; and a significant positive correlation with interferon-γ distribution and epidermal IHC score. Moreover, Sirt1 distributions were negatively correlated with the corresponding interferon-γ distributions. Conclusions The detected upregulation of epidermal Sirt1 following NB-UVB therapy possibly represents another mechanism by which NB-UVB can act in psoriasis and also highlights the role of Sirt1 upregulation in psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Abulfotooh Eid
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania Gaber Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Abd Elkarim Elkholy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Osama Ahmed Sorour
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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8
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Klein B, Kunz M. Current concepts of photosensitivity in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:939594. [PMID: 36091671 PMCID: PMC9452788 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.939594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) represents a complex autoimmune disease with a broad phenotypic spectrum ranging from acute to chronic destructive cutaneous lesions. Patients with CLE exhibit high photosensitivity and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation can lead to systemic flares in systemic lupus erythematosus. However, the exact mechanisms how UV irradiation enhances cutaneous inflammation in lupus are not fully understood. Recently, new molecular mechanisms of UV-driven immune responses in CLE were identified, offering potential therapeutic approaches. Especially the induction of type I interferons, central cytokines in lupus pathogenesis which are released by various skin cells, have become the focus of current research. In this review, we describe current pathogenic concepts of photosensitivity in lupus erythematosus, including UV-driven activation of intracellular nucleic acid sensors, cellular cytokine production and immune cell activation. Furthermore, we discuss activated pathways contributing to enhanced apoptosis as well as intracellular translocation of autoantigens thereby promoting CLE upon UV light exposure.
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Kutwin M, Migdalska-Sęk M, Brzeziańska-Lasota E, Zelga P, Woźniacka A. An Analysis of IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17RA, IL-23A and IL-23R Expression and Their Correlation with Clinical Course in Patients with Psoriasis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5834. [PMID: 34945130 PMCID: PMC8704681 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Being one of the most common dermatological inflammatory disorders, psoriasis is a frequent subject of research. It is considered to be a T cell-dependent immune disease whose pathogenesis is influenced by cytokines, such as IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17RA, IL-23A and IL-23R. The present study examines whether the expression of selected genes is correlated with the clinical course of psoriasis, assessed by the PASI, BSA and DLQI scales. Skin biopsies and blood from 60 patients with psoriasis and 24 healthy controls were obtained for RNA isolation. These were subjected to RT-PCR for IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17RA, IL-23A and IL-23R genes. The results were presented as an RQ value. IL-17A and IL-23R expression levels were higher in psoriatic skin compared to controls, while IL-10 expression was lower. A positive correlation was also found between RQ for IL-23A and PASI index. Psoriatic skin is characterised by elevated expression of IL-17A and IL-23R and decreased expression of IL-10. This indicates that the selected cytokines may be one of the factors involved in the pathogenesis and pathomechanism of psoriasis, but more studies need to be made before we can elucidate the exact reason for the unbalance in cytokine expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kutwin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Monika Migdalska-Sęk
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (E.B.-L.)
| | - Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (E.B.-L.)
| | - Piotr Zelga
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Anna Woźniacka
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
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Vacharanukrauh P, Meephansan J, Tangtanatakul P, Soonthornchai W, Wongpiyabovorn J, Serirat O, Komine M. High-Throughput RNA Sequencing Reveals the Effect of NB-UVB Phototherapy on Major Inflammatory Molecules of Lesional Psoriasis. PSORIASIS (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2021; 11:133-149. [PMID: 34858799 PMCID: PMC8631988 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s335913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB)-induced molecular mechanisms that may account for their anti-inflammatory efficacy, gene expression and transcriptome profiling, which were performed using advanced molecular techniques. METHODS This research was conducted on patients with moderate-to-severe plaque-type psoriasis who received NB-UVB treatment. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was conducted to assay the transcriptomes and identify the differentially expressed transcripts that had been enriched during the major pathway analysis. RESULTS Clinical improvement of psoriasis by NB-UVB therapy is linked to the suppression of the "immunological signaling pathways" and "cell cycle regulatory, growth and proliferation pathways" which are critical to the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, these results were further substantiated by demonstrating that NB-UVB therapy has a significant effect on keratinocyte differentiation and affects the regulation of genes and inflammatory mediators that are related to cell proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, NB-UVB phototherapy is also involved with the downregulation of toll-like receptors signaling in lesional psoriasis. CONCLUSION NB-UVB is an effective treatment for psoriasis. Our study supports the conclusion that the clinical effectiveness of NB-UVB therapy is based on the suppression of a broad range of inflammatory signaling pathways, gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and increased expressions of anti-inflammatory signaling pathways in psoriatic skin. This is the first study that applied advanced molecular techniques to investigate phototherapy as a new key to unlock genetic knowledge and create novel information. Ultimately, the goal is to increase medical knowledge and improve the patient care of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinyadapat Vacharanukrauh
- Division of Dermatology, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Jitlada Meephansan
- Division of Dermatology, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Pattarin Tangtanatakul
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Jongkonnee Wongpiyabovorn
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Onsiri Serirat
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Rajavithi Hospital, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Mayumi Komine
- Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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11
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Multifaceted Analysis of IL-23A- and/or EBI3-Including Cytokines Produced by Psoriatic Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312659. [PMID: 34884474 PMCID: PMC8657699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 23 (p19/p40) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and is upregulated in psoriasis skin lesions. In clinical practice, anti-IL-23Ap19 antibodies are highly effective against psoriasis. IL-39 (p19/ Epstein-Barr virus-induced (EBI) 3), a newly discovered cytokine in 2015, shares the p19 subunit with IL-23. Anti-IL-23Ap19 antibodies may bind to IL-39; also, the cytokine may contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. To investigate IL23Ap19- and/or EBI3-including cytokines in psoriatic keratinocytes, we analyzed IL-23Ap19 and EBI3 expressions in psoriasis skin lesions, using immunohistochemistry and normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) stimulated with inflammatory cytokines, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-Ms/Ms). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that IL-23Ap19 and EBI3 expressions were upregulated in the psoriasis skin lesions. In vitro, these expressions were synergistically induced by the triple combination of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-17A, and interferon (IFN)-γ, and suppressed by dexamethasone, vitamin D3, and acitretin. In ELISA and LC-Ms/Ms analyses, keratinocyte-derived IL-23Ap19 and EBI3, but not heterodimeric forms, were detected with humanized anti-IL-23Ap19 monoclonal antibodies, tildrakizumab, and anti-EBI3 antibodies, respectively. Psoriatic keratinocytes may express IL-23Ap19 and EBI3 proteins in a monomer or homopolymer, such as homodimer or homotrimer.
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Ohnishi T, Hisadome M, Joji K, Chiba N, Amir MS, Kanekura T, Matsuguchi T. Ultraviolet B irradiation decreases CXCL10 expression in keratinocytes through endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:1141-1156. [PMID: 33909926 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation is one of the standard treatment selections for psoriasis. interferon (IFN)-γ and IFN-γ-induced CXCL10, which are highly expressed by keratinocytes in psoriasis lesion, are therapeutic targets for psoriasis. In this study, we found that ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation inhibited IFN-γ signaling events, including STAT1 phosphorylation and induction of CXCL10 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in keratinocytes. IFN-γ-induced expression of CXCL10 mRNA in HaCaT cells, a human keratinocyte cell line, and human epithelial keratinocytes were also inhibited by H2 O2 or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducers. Conversely, a mixture of antioxidants, Trolox and ascorbic acid, and the ER stress inhibitor salubrinal partially counteracted the inhibitory effect of UVB on IFN-γ-induced CXCL10 mRNA expression in HaCaT cells. We also found that UVB and ER stress reduced IFN-γ receptor 1 protein levels in the plasma membrane fraction of keratinocytes. These observations suggested that ER stress and the generation of reactive oxygen species are essential for the inhibitory effect of UVB on IFN-γ-induced CXCL10 mRNA in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Hisadome
- Department of Dermatology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kusuyama Joji
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Norika Chiba
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Muhammad Subhan Amir
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Takuro Kanekura
- Department of Dermatology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuguchi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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13
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Liu C, Lin J, Langevine C, Smith D, Li J, Tokarski JS, Khan J, Ruzanov M, Strnad J, Zupa-Fernandez A, Cheng L, Gillooly KM, Shuster D, Zhang Y, Thankappan A, McIntyre KW, Chaudhry C, Elzinga PA, Chiney M, Chimalakonda A, Lombardo LJ, Macor JE, Carter PH, Burke JR, Weinstein DS. Discovery of BMS-986202: A Clinical Tyk2 Inhibitor that Binds to Tyk2 JH2. J Med Chem 2020; 64:677-694. [PMID: 33370104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A search for structurally diversified Tyk2 JH2 ligands from 6 (BMS-986165), a pyridazine carboxamide-derived Tyk2 JH2 ligand as a clinical Tyk2 inhibitor currently in late development for the treatment of psoriasis, began with a survey of six-membered heteroaryl groups in place of the N-methyl triazolyl moiety in 6. The X-ray co-crystal structure of an early lead (12) revealed a potential new binding pocket. Exploration of the new pocket resulted in two frontrunners for a clinical candidate. The potential hydrogen bonding interaction with Thr599 in the pocket was achieved with a tertiary amide moiety, confirmed by the X-ray co-crystal structure of 29. When the diversity search was extended to nicotinamides, a single fluorine atom addition was found to significantly enhance the permeability, which directly led to the discovery of 7 (BMS-986202) as a clinical Tyk2 inhibitor that binds to Tyk2 JH2. The preclinical studies of 7, including efficacy studies in mouse models of IL-23-driven acanthosis, anti-CD40-induced colitis, and spontaneous lupus, will also be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjian Liu
- Immunosciences Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - James Lin
- Immunosciences Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Charles Langevine
- Immunosciences Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Daniel Smith
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Jianqing Li
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - John S Tokarski
- Molecular Structure and Design, Molecular Discovery Technologies, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Javed Khan
- Molecular Structure and Design, Molecular Discovery Technologies, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Max Ruzanov
- Molecular Structure and Design, Molecular Discovery Technologies, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Joann Strnad
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Adriana Zupa-Fernandez
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Lihong Cheng
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Kathleen M Gillooly
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - David Shuster
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Anil Thankappan
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Kim W McIntyre
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Charu Chaudhry
- Leads Discovery and Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Paul A Elzinga
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Department, Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Manoj Chiney
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Department, Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Anjaneya Chimalakonda
- Metabolism and Pharmacokinetic Department, Pharmaceutical Candidate Optimization, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Louis J Lombardo
- Immunosciences Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - John E Macor
- Immunosciences Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Percy H Carter
- Immunosciences Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - James R Burke
- Immunosciences Discovery Biology, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - David S Weinstein
- Immunosciences Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
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14
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Ehst B, Wang Z, Leitenberger J, McClanahan D, De La Torre R, Sawka E, Ortega-Loayza AG, Strunck J, Greiling T, Simpson E, Liu Y. Synergistic induction of IL-23 by TNFα, IL-17A, and EGF in keratinocytes. Cytokine 2020; 138:155357. [PMID: 33153894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IL-23 is an inflammatory cytokine that plays an essential role in Th17 immunity by enhancing Th17 cell proliferation and survival, and Th17 cytokine production. IL-23 has pathogenic roles in the development of Th17-mediated inflammatory diseases including psoriasis. Despite successful treatment of psoriasis by blocking IL-23, the regulation of IL-23 expression in psoriasis patients is largely unknown. Dendritic cells are generally considered to be the primary source of IL-23 in psoriasis. While high levels of IL-23 are found in psoriatic epidermis, IL-23 expression in psoriatic keratinoctyes remains a controversial issue. In this study, we demonstrated that IL-23 production is induced by a combination of TNFα and IL-17A in human keratinocytes. Additionally, this IL-23 induction by TNFα and IL-17A is further increased in psoriatic keratinocytes and is enhanced by EGFR signaling. Although IL-23 is also robustly induced by toll-like receptor agonists in dendritic cells and macrophages, IL-23 expression in these cell types is not regulated by TNFα, IL-17A, and EGFR signaling. Given that IL-23 is essential for maintaining Th17 activation, IL-23 induction by TNFα, IL-17A, and EGF in keratinocytes could play an important pathological role in psoriasis pathogenesis as well as the cutaneous rash associated with EGFR inhibition therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Ehst
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Justin Leitenberger
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Danielle McClanahan
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rachel De La Torre
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Erika Sawka
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Alex G Ortega-Loayza
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jennifer Strunck
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Teri Greiling
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Eric Simpson
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Yuangang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
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15
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Türsen Ü, Türsen B, Lotti T. Ultraviolet and COVID-19 pandemic. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 19:2162-2164. [PMID: 32573919 PMCID: PMC7361848 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background COVID‐19 virus causes coronavirus disease. Aims It is a highly contagious viral infection. Patients/Methods/Results/Conclusion In this article, we will discuss the potential phototherapy problems and also alternative options for dermatologists, ultraviolet treatment against COVID‐19 virus, and vitamin D–associated problems in these coronavirus days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümit Türsen
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Torello Lotti
- Department of Dermatology, Marconi University, Rome, Italy
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16
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Ye J, Huang H, Luo G, Yin L, Li B, Chen S, Li H, Yang Y, Yang X. NB-UVB irradiation attenuates inflammatory response in psoriasis. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13626. [PMID: 32431049 PMCID: PMC7507206 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by immunological imbalance and vasodilation. Many triggering factors for psoriasis initiate inflammation via the activation of NF-κB. Narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) irradiation can be used as a general treatment for psoriasis, although the molecular mechanism has not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of NB-UVB irradiation therapy on psoriasis. We collected serum samples from patients with psoriasis and healthy control, and detected the expression of inflammatory factors by ELISA. In addition, we established mouse model of psoriasis. After different doses of NB-UVB irradiation, the proportion of CD4+ , CD8+ , and CD11c+ cells in mouse spleen was detected by flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the expression of inflammatory factors in the damaged skin of mice was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, and mouse serum levels of inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA. Our results showed that NB-UVB irradiation regulated the expression of inflammatory factors in psoriasis patients. In mice, high-dose NB-UVB irradiation effectively eliminated IMQ-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. In conclusion, our results indicate that NB-UVB irradiation could regulate the expression of inflammatory factors and attenuate psoriasis plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhou Ye
- Dermatology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Hong Huang
- Dermatology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Guangyun Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Cosmetology, College of Basic MedicineYunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Lihua Yin
- Department of GeratologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Bocheng Li
- Dermatology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Sixuan Chen
- Dermatology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Hongying Li
- Dermatology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Yang Yang
- Dermatology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Dermatology DepartmentThe First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
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17
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Short-term changes in frequencies of circulating leukocytes associated with narrowband UVB phototherapy in people with clinically isolated syndrome. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7980. [PMID: 31138860 PMCID: PMC6538725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is the earliest clinical episode in multiple sclerosis (MS). Low environmental exposure to UV radiation is implicated in risk of developing MS, and therefore, narrowband UVB phototherapy might delay progression to MS in people with CIS. Twenty individuals with CIS were recruited, and half were randomised to receive 24 sessions of narrowband UVB phototherapy over a period of 8 weeks. Here, the effects of narrowband UVB phototherapy on the frequencies of circulating immune cells and immunoglobulin levels after phototherapy are reported. Peripheral blood samples for all participants were collected at baseline, and 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months after enrolment. An extensive panel of leukocyte populations, including subsets of T cells, B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells were examined in phototherapy-treated and control participants, and immunoglobulin levels measured in serum. There were significant short-term increases in the frequency of naïve B cells, intermediate monocytes, and fraction III FoxP3+ T regulatory cells, and decreases in switched memory B cells and classical monocytes in phototherapy-treated individuals. Since B cells are increasingly targeted by MS therapies, the effects of narrowband UVB phototherapy in people with MS should be investigated further.
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18
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Critical role of interleukin-23 in development of asthma promoted by cigarette smoke. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:937-949. [PMID: 31020341 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been recently reported that cigarette smoke exposure during allergen sensitization facilitates the development of allergic asthma; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We evaluated the role of interleukin (IL-23) in a cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp)-allergic asthma mouse model. BALB/c mice were exposed to CSE during allergen sensitization period. Anti-IL-23p19 or IL-23R antibody was administered during the sensitization period. And we evaluated several immunological responses. The expression of IL-23 and IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) was examined in lung tissue. IL-23 and IL-23R expression was increased in the airway epithelium of Dp/CSE co-administered mice. CSE administration during the sensitization promoted Dp-allergic sensitization and the development of asthma phenotypes. Additionally, the proportion of innate lymphoid type 2 cells (ILC2) was also increased by CSE and Dp co-instillation. Anti-IL-23 or IL-23R antibody treatment during allergen sensitization significantly diminished phenotypes of allergic asthma and the ILC2 population. The levels of IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) were also significantly reduced by anti-IL-23 or IL-23R antibody treatment. IL-23 may thus play a significant role in cigarette smoke-induced allergic sensitization and asthma development. Clinically, the increase in allergen sensitization due to cigarette exposure causes onset of asthma, and IL-23 may be important in this mechanism. KEY MESSAGES: IL-23 and IL-23R expression was increased in the lung epithelium of Dp and CSE co-exposed mice during sensitization period. The population of ILC2s was increased in Dp and CSE co-exposed mice during sensitization period. Anti-IL23 or IL-23R antibody treatment with co-administration of CSE and HDM during sensitization period significantly suppresses ILC2. In vitro, IL-23 blockade in Dp and CSE-stimulated epithelial cells suppressed IL-13 expression in ILC2.
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19
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Liu C, Lin J, Moslin R, Tokarski JS, Muckelbauer J, Chang C, Tredup J, Xie D, Park H, Li P, Wu DR, Strnad J, Zupa-Fernandez A, Cheng L, Chaudhry C, Chen J, Chen C, Sun H, Elzinga P, D’arienzo C, Gillooly K, Taylor TL, McIntyre KW, Salter-Cid L, Lombardo LJ, Carter PH, Aranibar N, Burke JR, Weinstein DS. Identification of Imidazo[1,2- b]pyridazine Derivatives as Potent, Selective, and Orally Active Tyk2 JH2 Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:383-388. [PMID: 30891145 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In sharp contrast to a previously reported series of 6-anilino imidazopyridazine based Tyk2 JH2 ligands, 6-((2-oxo-N1-substituted-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl)amino)imidazo[1,2-b]pyridazine analogs were found to display dramatically improved metabolic stability. The N1-substituent on 2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine ring can be a variety of alkyl, aryl, and heteroaryl groups, but among them, 2-pyridyl provided much enhanced Caco-2 permeability, attributed to its ability to form intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Further structure-activity relationship studies at the C3 position led to the identification of highly potent and selective Tyk2 JH2 inhibitor 6, which proved to be highly effective in inhibiting IFNγ production in a rat pharmacodynamics model and fully efficacious in a rat adjuvant arthritis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjian Liu
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - James Lin
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Ryan Moslin
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - John S. Tokarski
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Jodi Muckelbauer
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - ChiehYing Chang
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Jeffrey Tredup
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Dianlin Xie
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Hyunsoo Park
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Peng Li
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Joann Strnad
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Adriana Zupa-Fernandez
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Lihong Cheng
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Charu Chaudhry
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Jing Chen
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Cliff Chen
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Huadong Sun
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Paul Elzinga
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Celia D’arienzo
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Kathleen Gillooly
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Tracy L. Taylor
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Kim W. McIntyre
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Luisa Salter-Cid
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Louis J. Lombardo
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Percy H. Carter
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Nelly Aranibar
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - James R. Burke
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - David S. Weinstein
- Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
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20
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Mylle S, Grine L, Speeckaert R, Lambert JLW, van Geel N. Targeting the IL-23/IL-17 Pathway in Psoriasis: the Search for the Good, the Bad and the Ugly. Am J Clin Dermatol 2018; 19:625-637. [PMID: 30003497 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-018-0366-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
New promising treatments have been developed for psoriasis that target different parts of the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 pathway. This approach is believed to be more disease specific, and sparing the T helper 1 pathway might prevent serious long-term adverse events. Moreover, superior Psoriasis Area and Severity Index improvements are observed, which has redefined treatment goals in psoriasis. The new molecules can be divided into different categories, according to the target: blocking agents can target the upstream cytokine IL-23 or the downstream IL-17. In the latter, a variety of targets exist, such as the ligands IL-17A and IL-17F, or a combination thereof, or a subunit of the receptor, IL-17RA. Each target seems to have its own set of advantages and pitfalls, which will impact the treatment decision in clinical practice. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the different inhibitors of the IL-23/IL-17 pathway. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the role of IL-17 in other diseases and comorbidities. Finally, we discuss how comprehensive knowledge is needed for the prescribing physician in order to make the most appropriate therapeutic choice for each individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Mylle
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lynda Grine
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Reinhart Speeckaert
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jo L W Lambert
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nanja van Geel
- Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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22
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Elevated Gene Expression of Interleukin-32 Isoforms Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta in the Peripheral Blood of Chronic Psoriatic Patients. Diseases 2018. [PMID: 29538330 PMCID: PMC5871967 DOI: 10.3390/diseases6010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory-mediated reactions have been implicated as contributors in a number of dermatological disorders, including psoriasis. However, the potential of interleukin (IL)-32 and its isoforms to contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains unexplored. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of IL-32 and its isoforms IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ in the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients. The majority of chronic plaque psoriatic patients showed elevated IL-32 mRNA levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as compared with the levels of IL-32 mRNA in PBMCs of healthy controls (p = 0.001). To further investigate the role of elevated levels of IL-32 in psoriatic patients, IL-32 isoforms mRNAs were determined. All tested isoforms IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ were overexpressed in psoriatic patients PBMCs as compared with healthy controls’ PBMCs (p < 0.05). IL-32α mRNA expression was also significantly higher as compared with all other isoforms of IL-32 in PBMCs of psoriatic patients (p < 0.001). In short, this is the first study that shows the role of IL-32 and its isoforms in the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients. Our novel findings support an association between elevated levels of IL-32 and psoriasis. The data also suggest that a major proinflammatory response of IL-32 may derive from IL-32α isoform in psoriasis.
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Scanning the Immunopathogenesis of Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010179. [PMID: 29316717 PMCID: PMC5796128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, the immunologic model of which has been profoundly revised following recent advances in the understanding of its pathophysiology. In the current model, a crosstalk between keratinocytes, neutrophils, mast cells, T cells, and dendritic cells is thought to create inflammatory and pro-proliferative circuits mediated by chemokines and cytokines. Various triggers, including recently identified autoantigens, Toll-like receptor agonists, chemerin, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin may activate the pathogenic cascade resulting in enhanced production of pro-inflammatory and proliferation-inducing mediators such as interleukin (IL)-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-23, IL-22, interferon (IFN)-α, and IFN-γ by immune cells. Among these key cytokines lie therapeutic targets for currently approved antipsoriatic therapies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the immune-mediated mechanisms characterizing the current pathogenic model of psoriasis.
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Fotiadou C, Lazaridou E, Sotiriou E, Ioannides D. Targeting IL-23 in psoriasis: current perspectives. PSORIASIS-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2018; 8:1-5. [PMID: 29441315 PMCID: PMC5804022 DOI: 10.2147/ptt.s98893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The recent advances in the understanding of psoriasis pathogenesis have clarified the pivotal role of interleukin (IL)-23. It is a heterodimeric cytokine consisting of two subunits, the unique p19 and the p40, which are shared with IL-12. The basic role of IL-23 in psoriasis is the activation and maintenance of the T-helper 17 pathway. New research findings indicate that IL-23 is more important than IL-12 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Based on that background, the selective targeting of the IL-23p19 subunit emerged as an attractive therapeutic option and led to the development of a new category of biologic agents. Three monoclonal antibodies that selectively inhibit the IL-23p19 subunit, guselkumab, tildrakizumab, and risankizumab, are in the pipeline for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. In this article, we review the most recent efficacy and safety data regarding these IL-23p19 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Fotiadou
- First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Lazaridou
- First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Sotiriou
- First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetrios Ioannides
- First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Tonini A, Gualtieri B, Panduri S, Romanelli M, Chiricozzi A. A new class of biologic agents facing the therapeutic paradigm in psoriasis: anti-IL-23 agents. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2017; 18:135-148. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2018.1398729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Therapeutic Effects of Methanol Extract from Euphorbia kansui Radix on Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:7052560. [PMID: 28761880 PMCID: PMC5518522 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7052560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The roots of Euphorbia kansui, which belong to the family Euphorbiaceae, have been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as diabetes, ascites, and leukemia. Recently, it was reported that the methylene chloride fraction of E. kansui radix (EKC) regulated the differentiation of Th17 cells and alleviated the symptoms of Th17-related inflammatory bowel disease. Imiquimod (IMQ), a TLR7/8 agonist, has been used to induce psoriasis in a mouse model. In this study, we evaluated the effect of EKC in an IMQ-induced psoriasis model. EKC effectively inhibited the production of interleukin-17A and interferon-γ in vitro. On this basis, EKC was administered to an animal model of psoriasis. Acanthosis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the dermis were significantly reduced by EKC. EKC also inhibited the expression of IL-17A, IL-22, IL-23, IL-12, and RAR-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORγt) in the spleen, skin-draining lymph nodes, and the skin. Additionally, EKC inhibited the activity of dendritic cells but not that of keratinocytes. In conclusion, EKC ameliorated the symptoms of psoriasis through inhibition of Th17 differentiation and activation of dendritic cells. These effects are expected to be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of psoriasis.
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Nakayama W, Jinnin M, Tomizawa Y, Nakamura K, Kudo H, Inoue K, Makino K, Honda N, Kajihara I, Fukushima S, Ihn H. Dysregulated interleukin-23 signalling contributes to the increased collagen production in scleroderma fibroblasts via balancing microRNA expression. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2016; 56:145-155. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Higgins E, Ralph N, Ryan S, Koik N, Honari B, Lally A, Collins P. A randomised half body prospective study of low and medium dose regimens using the 308 nm excimer laser in the treatment of localised psoriasis. J DERMATOL TREAT 2016; 28:8-13. [DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2016.1170758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Higgins
- The Charles Centre, Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicola Ralph
- The Charles Centre, Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sheila Ryan
- The Charles Centre, Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nicola Koik
- The Charles Centre, Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bahman Honari
- Centre for Support and Training in Analysis and Research (CSTAR), Department of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife Lally
- The Charles Centre, Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Collins
- The Charles Centre, Department of Dermatology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Bajaj S, Gautam RK, Khurana A, Arora P, Sharma N. Effect of narrow band ultraviolet B phototherapy on T helper 17 cell specific cytokines (interleukins-17, 22 and 23) in psoriasis vulgaris. J DERMATOL TREAT 2016; 28:14-17. [PMID: 27170430 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2016.1177162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is mediated by a T helper 17 (Th17) cell inflammatory process. This study describes the changes in serum levels of IL-17, 22 and 23 in patients of psoriasis vulgaris treated with narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB). METHODS The serum levels of IL-17, 22 and 23 were compared with a control group (n = 30) before and after NBUVB. In addition, post-NBUVB levels were compared with healthy controls. Psoriasis Area Severity Score (PASI) and Body Surface Area scoring were used to evaluate severity of disease. RESULTS When compared with the non-psoriasis control group, IL-17, 22 and 23 were higher in psoriasis patients (p < 0.05, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). The serum levels of all three interleukins strongly correlated with severity of disease. Although IL-17, 22 and 23 decreased after NBUVB, decline in IL-17 was not significant after phototherapy as compared to controls (p = 0.634). IL-22 and 23 continued to remain elevated post-phototherapy when compared with control group (p < 0.05, p < 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The serum levels of IL-17, 22 and 23 decrease after phototherapy in psoriasis. Post-phototherapy only the IL-17 levels decrease to that of non-psoriasis controls. Our study supports the role of T helper 17 cell specific cytokines in psoriasis and a possible mechanism of action of NBUVB via inhibition of these cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bajaj
- a Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy , PGIMER Dr RML Hospital , New Delhi , India
| | - R K Gautam
- a Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy , PGIMER Dr RML Hospital , New Delhi , India
| | - A Khurana
- a Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy , PGIMER Dr RML Hospital , New Delhi , India
| | - P Arora
- a Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy , PGIMER Dr RML Hospital , New Delhi , India
| | - N Sharma
- b Department of Biochemistry , PGIMER Dr RML Hospital , New Delhi , India
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Wang X, Wang G, Gong Y, Liu Y, Gu J, Chen W, Shi Y. Disruption of circulating CD4+ T-lymphocyte subpopulations in psoriasis patients is ameliorated by narrow-band UVB therapy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2016; 71:499-507. [PMID: 25269772 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0230-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Narrow-band UVB (NB-UVB) therapy is widely used in the treatment of psoriasis; however, its precise mechanism is still unclear. To investigate the circulating CD4(+) T-lymphocyte subpopulations in psoriasis patients before and after NB-UVB, thus providing new insights into the mechanism of NB-UVB in the treatment of psoriasis. We performed NB-UVB treatments for psoriasis patients (n = 30) and used flow cytometry, real-time PCR, and ELISA for the detection of circulating CD4(+) T-lymphocyte subpopulations. The results were compared with healthy controls (n = 20) as well. We found increased circulating T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cell levels as well as decreased circulating regulatory T cells (Treg) levels compared to healthy controls. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the percentage of circulating Th17 cells and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score. Furthermore, the percentage of circulating Th17 cells was negatively correlated with the Treg cells which led to an imbalance of Th17/Treg. NB-UVB therapy significantly reduced circulating Th1and Th17 cell levels while increasing Treg cell levels. These findings indicate that the overexpression of Th1 and Th17 cells together with the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The mechanism of NB-UVB in the treatment of psoriasis may be through the inhibition of Th1 and Th17 cell immune response as well as the promotion of Treg cell immune response, thus ameliorating the disorder of circulating CD4(+) T-lymphocyte subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
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Erek Toprak A, Ozlu E, Uzuncakmak TK, Yalcınkaya E, Sogut S, Karadag AS. Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio, Serum Endocan, and Nesfatin-1 Levels in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris Undergoing Phototherapy Treatment. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1232-7. [PMID: 27070789 PMCID: PMC4831300 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is an autoimmune, inflammatory, and chronic disease. Recent studies have evaluated serum endocan and nesfatin-1 levels in patients with inflammatory disorders. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inflammatory marker currently used in many diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate NLR, serum endocan, and nesfatin-1 levels in psoriasis vulgaris before and after narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy treatment and compared to healthy controls. Material/Methods This study was conducted on a total of 88 cases, 39 of which had psoriasis vulgaris and 49 were healthy volunteers. Thirty-nine psoriasis vulgaris patients underwent NB-UVB phototherapy treatment for 3 months. NLR, serum endocan, and nesfatin-1 levels were measured in all psoriasis patients before and after NB-UVB phototherapy and in the control group. Results Compared with the control group, neutrophil count and NLR were significantly higher (p<0.001) in psoriasis patients before NB-UVB phototherapy. Serum endocan levels were significantly correlated with disease activity before treatment. There was no significant difference in NLR, serum endocan, and nesfatin-1 levels in psoriasis patients before and after NB-UVB phototherapy (p>0.05). Conclusions The current study shows that NLR was higher in psoriasis vulgaris patients when compared with the control group, whereas serum endocan and nesfatin-1 levels were not significantly different. In addition, NB-UVB phototherapy did not affect NLR, serum endocan, or nesfatin-1 levels. Further larger-scale studies are required on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aybala Erek Toprak
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emin Ozlu
- Department of Dermatology, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Tugba Kevser Uzuncakmak
- Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Yalcınkaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sadık Sogut
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Serap Karadag
- Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Gupta A, Arora TC, Jindal A, Bhadoria AS. Efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy and levels of serum vitamin D3 in psoriasis: A prospective study. Indian Dermatol Online J 2016; 7:87-92. [PMID: 27057487 PMCID: PMC4804600 DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.178081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy (NBUVB) is safe and effective treatment for psoriasis. Vitamin D plays an important role in pathogenesis of psoriasis. It is known that psoriasis patients have low serum 25(OH)D levels, which increase after NBUVB. We assessed serum 25(OH)D levels, its correlation with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), and the effect of NBUVB on 25(OH)D levels among Indian psoriasis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study comprising 30 adults with psoriasis with no major comorbidities (PASI > 10 and off-therapy >4 weeks) was conducted. PASI was estimated at baseline among patients and repeated after receiving 12 weeks of NBUVB therapy. Thirty age and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited to compare 25(OH)D levels at baseline and at 12 weeks. Patient demographic parameters, treatment dose, duration, side effects, and its impact on 25(OH)D levels and PASI were serially evaluated. RESULTS A total of 30 patients presenting with psoriasis and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Mean baseline PASI (M: F =19:11) among patients with mean age 36.8 (±7.7) years was 20.5 (±6.3) and all patients were either 25(OH)D deficient (n = 14) or insufficient (n = 16). Their baseline 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower than controls (25.93 nmol/L vs 47.54 nmol/L; P < 0.001). After NBUVB therapy (average cumulative dose 20.76 ± 7.1 J/cm(2); average treatment sessions 32.57 ± 1.9), there was a significant improvement in PASI as well as 25(OH)D (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between the mean improvement in PASI and 25(OH)D after 12 weeks of therapy. Twelve (40%) patients had therapy-related side effects [pruritus (n = 8), erythema (n = 4)], none had major side effects. CONCLUSION Improvement in PASI and serum 25(OH)D levels after NBUVB in psoriasis is significant but poorly correlated with each other. Vitamin D may not be the lone mediator of the therapeutic effects of NBUVB on psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ankur Jindal
- Department of Hepatology, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajeet Singh Bhadoria
- Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Cornaghi L, Arnaboldi F, Calò R, Landoni F, Baruffaldi Preis WF, Marabini L, Donetti E. Effects of UV Rays and Thymol/Thymus vulgaris L. Extract in an ex vivo Human Skin Model: Morphological and Genotoxicological Assessment. Cells Tissues Organs 2016; 201:180-92. [PMID: 27023828 DOI: 10.1159/000444361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the major environmental factor affecting functions of the skin. Compounds rich in polyphenols, such as Thymus vulgaris leaf extract and thymol, have been proposed for the prevention of UV-induced skin damage. We compared the acute effects induced by UVA and UVB rays on epidermal morphology and proliferation, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity. Normal human skin explants were obtained from young healthy women (n = 7) after informed consent and cultured at the air-liquid interface overnight. After 24 h, the samples were divided in 2 groups: the former exposed to UVA (16 or 24 J/cm2) and the latter irradiated with UVB (0.24 or 0.72 J/cm2). One hour after the end of irradiation, supernatants were collected for evaluation of the lactate dehydrogenase activity. Twenty-four hours after UVB exposure, biopsies were processed for light and transmission electron microscopy analysis, proliferation, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity. UVB and UVA rays induced early inhibition of cell proliferation and DNA damage compared to controls. In particular, UVB rays were always more cytotoxic and genotoxic than UVA ones. For this reason, we evaluated the effect of either T. vulgaris L. extract (1.82 µg/ml) or thymol (1 µg/ml) on all samples treated for 1 h before UVB irradiation. While Thymus had a protective action for all of the endpoints evaluated, the action of the extract was less pronounced on epidermal proliferation and morphological features. The results presented in this study could be the basis for investigating the mechanism of thymol and T. vulgaris L. extract against the damage induced by UV radiation.
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Thirupathi A, Elango T, Subramanian S, Gnanaraj P. Methotrexate regulates Th-1 response by suppressing caspase-1 and cytokines in psoriasis patients. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 453:164-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Correlation between Reversal of DNA Methylation and Clinical Symptoms in Psoriatic Epidermis Following Narrow-Band UVB Phototherapy. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:2077-2083. [PMID: 25830654 PMCID: PMC4580729 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications by DNA methylation are associated with a wide range of diseases. Previous studies in psoriasis have concentrated on epigenetic changes in immune cells or in total skin biopsies that include stromal-associated changes. In order to improve our understanding of the role of DNA methylation in psoriasis, we sought to obtain a comprehensive DNA methylation signature specific for the epidermal component of psoriasis and to analyze methylation changes during therapy. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of epidermal cells from 12 patients undergoing narrow-band UVB phototherapy and 12 corresponding healthy controls revealed a distinct DNA methylation pattern in psoriasis compared with controls. A total of 3,665 methylation variable positions (MVPs) were identified with an overall hypomethylation in psoriasis patient samples. DNA methylation pattern was reversed at the end of phototherapy in patients showing excellent clinical improvement. Only 7% of phototherapy-affected MVPs (150 out of 2,108) correlate with nearby gene expression. Enrichment of MVPs in enhancers indicates tissue-specific modulation of the transcriptional regulatory machinery in psoriasis. Our study identified key epigenetic events associated with psoriasis pathogenesis and helps understand the dynamic DNA methylation landscape in the human genome.
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Abstract
UV phototherapy has a long history of use for the treatment of select diseases in dermatology. Its use has evolved into more effective and targeted modalities, including psoralen + UV-A photochemotherapy, narrowband UV-B, excimer laser, and UV-A1 phototherapy. With its proven record of efficacy and safety, UV phototherapy is an excellent option in the treatment of an ever-growing number of skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam B Totonchy
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Melvin W Chiu
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 52-121 Center for the Health Sciences, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Al-Mutairi N, Shaaban D. Effect of narrowband ultraviolet B therapy on serum vitamin D and cathelicidin (LL-37) in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis. J Cutan Med Surg 2014; 18:43-8. [PMID: 24377473 DOI: 10.2310/7750.2013.13087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) has been widely used in the treatment of psoriasis. It has been shown that vitamin D is a major regulator of the expression of human antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37, which has a critical role in inflammatory cascade in psoriasis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of NB-UVB therapy on serum levels of cathelicidin LL-37 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in psoriasis patients. METHODS Ninety-three psoriasis patients and 50 controls were included in the study. For psoriasis patients, serum levels of 25(OH)D and cathelicidin LL-37 were estimated before and after NB-UVB therapy. RESULTS Before treatment, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower in psoriasis patients (31.5 ± 14.41 nmol/L) compared to controls (53.5 ± 19.6 nmol/L), p = .015. In contrast, serum LL-37 was significantly higher in psoriasis patients (13.24 ± 3.2 ng/mL) than in controls (7.92 ± 5.33 ng/mL), p < .001. After NB-UVB treatment, there was a highly significant elevation of serum 25(OH)D to reach 56.85 ± 5.2 nmol/L (p < .001) and further elevation of serum LL-37 to reach 29.4 ± 4.2 (p = .02). CONCLUSIONS The elevation of serum 25(OH)D and cathelicidin LL-37 could be an additional possible mechanism of action of NB-UVB therapy in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Chiricozzi A, Nograles KE, Johnson-Huang LM, Fuentes-Duculan J, Cardinale I, Bonifacio KM, Gulati N, Mitsui H, Guttman-Yassky E, Suárez-Fariñas M, Krueger JG. IL-17 induces an expanded range of downstream genes in reconstituted human epidermis model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90284. [PMID: 24587313 PMCID: PMC3938679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background IL-17 is the defining cytokine of the Th17, Tc17, and γδ T cell populations that plays a critical role in mediating inflammation and autoimmunity. Psoriasis vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disease mediated by Th1 and Th17 cytokines with relevant contributions of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17. Despite the pivotal role IL-17 plays in psoriasis, and in contrast to the other key mediators involved in the psoriasis cytokine cascade that are capable of inducing broad effects on keratinocytes, IL-17 was demonstrated to regulate the expression of a limited number of genes in monolayer keratinocytes cultured in vitro. Methodology/Principal Findings Given the clinical efficacy of anti-IL-17 agents is associated with an impressive reduction in a large set of inflammatory genes, we sought a full-thickness skin model that more closely resemble in vivo epidermal architecture. Using a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), IL-17 was able to upregulate 419 gene probes and downregulate 216 gene probes. As possible explanation for the increased gene induction in the RHE model is that C/CAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP) -β, the transcription factor regulating IL-17-responsive genes, is expressed preferentially in differentiated keratinocytes. Conclusions/Significance The genes identified in IL-17-treated RHE are likely relevant to the IL-17 effects in psoriasis, since ixekizumab (anti-IL-17A agent) strongly suppressed the “RHE” genes in psoriasis patients treated in vivo with this IL-17 antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chiricozzi
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristine E. Nograles
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Leanne M. Johnson-Huang
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Judilyn Fuentes-Duculan
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Irma Cardinale
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M. Bonifacio
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Gulati
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Hiroshi Mitsui
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Mayte Suárez-Fariñas
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - James G. Krueger
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York, United States of America
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Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory, immune-mediated skin condition with a prevalence of 0-11.8% across the world. It is associated with a number of cardiovascular, metabolic, and autoimmune disease co-morbidities. Psoriasis is a multifactorial disorder, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Its genetic basis has long been established through twin studies and familial clustering. The association of psoriasis with the HLA-Cw6 allele has been shown in many studies. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified a large number of other genes associated with psoriasis. Many of these genes regulate the innate and adaptive immune system. These findings indicate that a dysregulated immune system may play a major role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. In this article, we review the clinical and genetic epidemiology of psoriasis with a brief description of the pathogenesis of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Gupta
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Dermatology, San Francisco, CA
| | - Maya G Debbaneh
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Dermatology, San Francisco, CA ; University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Wilson Liao
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Dermatology, San Francisco, CA
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Blauvelt A. New concepts in the pathogenesis and treatment of psoriasis: key roles for IL-23, IL-17A and TGF-β1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.2.1.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Vergou T, Vasconcelos Lima XT, Kimball AB. Targeting the IL-12/IL-23 cytokine family in the treatment of psoriatic disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.3.4.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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42
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Effect of Narrow Band Ultraviolet B Therapy versus Methotrexate on Serum Levels of Interleukin-17 and Interleukin-23 in Egyptian Patients with Severe Psoriasis. Dermatol Res Pract 2013; 2013:618269. [PMID: 24489536 PMCID: PMC3893776 DOI: 10.1155/2013/618269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. There is raised interest in the involvement of interleukin-(IL-)23/T-helper 17 cells (Th17) axis in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Objectives. To compare the effect of narrow band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) and methotrexate (MTX) therapy on serum levels of IL-17 and IL-23 in psoriatic patients. Methods. Thirty patients with severe plaque psoriasis were included: 15 patients received NB-UVB three times weekly (group I) and 15 patients received MTX 0.3 mg/kg per week (group II), both for 8 weeks. Before and after treatment, serum levels of IL-17 and IL-23 were investigated by ELISA technique and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was calculated. Results. After treatment, all patients showed a reduction in their PASI score, IL-17 and IL-23
serum levels with a nonsignificant difference between both therapeutic modalities (P value >0.05). A positive correlation was detected between the percent of reduction of IL-17, IL-23 and the percent of reduction of PASI score for patients receiving both treatments. No
correlation was found between the percent of reduction of IL-17, IL-23 and duration of disease or age of all patients in this study. Conclusion. Interleukin-17 and IL-23 serum level may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis and therapeutic response of NB-UVB or MTX in treating psoriasis.
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43
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Mavropoulos A, Rigopoulou EI, Liaskos C, Bogdanos DP, Sakkas LI. The role of p38 MAPK in the aetiopathogenesis of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:569751. [PMID: 24151518 PMCID: PMC3787653 DOI: 10.1155/2013/569751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for the induction of immune-mediated disorders, such as psoriasis, remain not well characterized. Molecular signaling pathways are not well described in psoriasis, as well as psoriatic arthritis, which is seen in up to 40% of patients with psoriasis. Signaling pathway defects have long been hypothesized to participate in the pathology of psoriasis, yet their implication in the altered psoriatic gene expression still remains unclear. Emerging data suggest a potential pathogenic role for mitogen activated protein kinases p38 (p38 MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the development of psoriasis. The data are still limited, though, for psoriatic arthritis. This review discusses the current data suggesting a crucial role for p38 MAPK in the pathogenesis of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Mavropoulos
- Cellular Immunotherapy and Molecular Immunodiagnostics, Institute of Research and Technology Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece
- Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London School of Medicine at King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Eirini I. Rigopoulou
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Christos Liaskos
- Cellular Immunotherapy and Molecular Immunodiagnostics, Institute of Research and Technology Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P. Bogdanos
- Cellular Immunotherapy and Molecular Immunodiagnostics, Institute of Research and Technology Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece
- Division of Transplantation Immunology and Mucosal Biology, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College London School of Medicine at King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill Campus, London SE5 9RS, UK
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Lazaros I. Sakkas
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Old Dominion University, 23529 Monarch Way, Norfolk, VA, USA
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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Liang J, van Abbema A, Balazs M, Barrett K, Berezhkovsky L, Blair W, Chang C, Delarosa D, DeVoss J, Driscoll J, Eigenbrot C, Ghilardi N, Gibbons P, Halladay J, Johnson A, Kohli PB, Lai Y, Liu Y, Lyssikatos J, Mantik P, Menghrajani K, Murray J, Peng I, Sambrone A, Shia S, Shin Y, Smith J, Sohn S, Tsui V, Ultsch M, Wu LC, Xiao Y, Yang W, Young J, Zhang B, Zhu BY, Magnuson S. Lead optimization of a 4-aminopyridine benzamide scaffold to identify potent, selective, and orally bioavailable TYK2 inhibitors. J Med Chem 2013; 56:4521-36. [PMID: 23668484 DOI: 10.1021/jm400266t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report our lead optimization effort to identify potent, selective, and orally bioavailable TYK2 inhibitors, starting with lead molecule 3. We used structure-based design to discover 2,6-dichloro-4-cyanophenyl and (1R,2R)-2-fluorocyclopropylamide modifications, each of which exhibited improved TYK2 potency and JAK1 and JAK2 selectivity relative to 3. Further optimization eventually led to compound 37 that showed good TYK2 enzyme and interleukin-12 (IL-12) cell potency, as well as acceptable cellular JAK1 and JAK2 selectivity and excellent oral exposure in mice. When tested in a mouse IL-12 PK/PD model, compound 37 showed statistically significant knockdown of cytokine interferon-γ (IFNγ), suggesting that selective inhibition of TYK2 kinase activity might be sufficient to block the IL-12 pathway in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.
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El Shiemy SM, Abd Allah MA, Abd Allah TN, El Fangary MM, Saudi WM, Sayed AM. Effect of narrow-band ultraviolet B on the level of interleukin-17 in psoriasis patients. JOURNAL OF THE EGYPTIAN WOMENʼS DERMATOLOGIC SOCIETY 2013; 10:85-88. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ewx.0000430953.49521.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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46
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Phototherapy is one of the most efficacious treatment options for psoriasis. New, emerging studies are beginning to define the biologic mechanisms by which phototherapy improves psoriasis. METHODS To provide an overview of the mechanisms thought to be responsible for the therapeutic effects of phototherapy, a review was performed on all relevant published studies in the Medline database from January 1, 1985, to August 15, 2011. FINDINGS Four categories of action were proposed in the literature to describe the effects of phototherapy in psoriasis: (1) alteration of the cytokine profile, (2) induction of apoptosis, (3) promotion of immunosuppression, and (4) all other mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Phototherapy acts through a combination of pathways to confer therapeutic benefits in psoriasis, and these different modalities may help explain its particular usefulness in treating this cutaneous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami Wong
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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47
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Kagen M, Cao LY, Oyetakin-White P, Tacastacas JD, Yan C, McCormick TS, Cooper KD. Single administration of lesion-limited high-dose (TURBO) ultraviolet B using the excimer laser: clinical clearing in association with apoptosis of epidermal and dermal T cell subsets in psoriasis. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2012; 28:293-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2012.00692.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Kagen
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospitals Case Medical Center; Cleveland; OH; USA
| | - Lauren Y. Cao
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine; Cleveland; OH; USA
| | | | - Joselin D. Tacastacas
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospitals Case Medical Center; Cleveland; OH; USA
| | - Chunlin Yan
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospitals Case Medical Center; Cleveland; OH; USA
| | - Thomas S. McCormick
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospitals Case Medical Center; Cleveland; OH; USA
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49
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The Th17/IL-23 Axis and Natural Immunity in Psoriatic Arthritis. Int J Rheumatol 2012; 2012:539683. [PMID: 22545055 PMCID: PMC3321531 DOI: 10.1155/2012/539683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that causes enthesitis and destructive arthritis and significantly lowers patient quality of life. Recognition of the two target organs (the skin and joints) involved in the immunopathophysiology of PsA helped in elucidating the pathology of various systemic autoimmune diseases targeting multiple organs. Recent advances in immunology and genetics have made it clear that acquired immunity, especially that mediated by the Th17/IL-23 axis, plays an important role in the inflammatory pathology observed in psoriasis and PsA. Additionally, involvement of natural immunity has also been suggested. Microbial infection has been known to trigger psoriasis and PsA. Recent clinical studies using biopharmaceuticals, such as tumor-necrosis-factor- (TNF-) α inhibitors and IL-12/23 p40 antibodies, indicate that studies need not be based only on the immunological phenomena observed in PsA pathology since disease pathology can now be verified using human-based science. Considering this aspect, this paper discusses the immunopathology of PsA compared to psoriasis (cutaneous) and rheumatoid arthritis in humans and immunopathology of PsA with respect to the Th17/IL-23 axis and microbial infection.
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50
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Abstract
Psoriasis is a common relapsing and remitting immune-mediated inflammatory disease that affects the skin and joints. This review focuses on current immunogenetic concepts, key cellular players, and axes of cytokines that are thought to contribute to disease pathogenesis. We highlight potential therapeutic targets and give an overview of the currently used immune-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri K Perera
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
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