1
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Liu Z, Cao MA, Kuča K, Alqahtani MD, Muthuramalingam P, Wu QS. Cloning of CAT genes in Satsuma mandarin and their expression characteristics in response to environmental stress and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:123. [PMID: 38642148 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE CitCAT1 and CitCAT2 were cloned and highly expressed in mature leaves. High temperatures up-regulated CitCAT1 expression, while low temperatures and Diversispora versiformis up-regulated CitCAT2 expression, maintaining a low oxidative damage. Catalase (CAT), a tetrameric heme-containing enzyme, removes hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to maintain low oxidative damage in plants exposed to environmental stress. This study aimed to clone CAT genes from Citrus sinensis cv. "Oita 4" and analyze their expression patterns in response to environmental stress, exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation. Two CAT genes, CitCAT1 (NCBI accession: PP067858) and CitCAT2 (NCBI accession: PP061394) were cloned, and the open reading frames of their proteins were 1479 bp and 1539 bp, respectively, each encoding 492 and 512 amino acids predicted to be localized in the peroxisome, with CitCAT1 being a stable hydrophilic protein and CitCAT2 being an unstable hydrophilic protein. The similarity of their amino acid sequences reached 83.24%, and the two genes were distantly related. Both genes were expressed in stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits, accompanied by the highest expression in mature leaves. In addition, CitCAT1 expression was mainly up-regulated by high temperatures (37 °C), exogenous ABA, and PEG stress within a short period of time, whereas CitCAT2 expression was up-regulated by exogenous ABA and low-temperature (4 °C) stress. Low temperatures (0 °C) for 12 h just up-regulated CitCAT2 expression in Diversispora versiformis-inoculated plants, and D. versiformis inoculation up-regulated CitCAT2 expression, along with lower hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels in mycorrhizal plants at low temperatures. It is concluded that CitCAT2 has an important role in resistance to low temperatures as well as mycorrhizal enhancement of host resistance to low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Ming-Ao Cao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Mashael Daghash Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, Hubei, China.
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic.
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2
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Wang B, Xue P, Zhang Y, Zhan X, Wu W, Yu P, Chen D, Fu J, Hong Y, Shen X, Sun L, Cheng S, Liu Q, Cao L. OsCPK12 phosphorylates OsCATA and OsCATC to regulate H 2O 2 homeostasis and improve oxidative stress tolerance in rice. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100780. [PMID: 38130060 PMCID: PMC10943579 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs), the best-characterized calcium sensors in plants, regulate many aspects of plant growth and development as well as plant adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, how CPKs regulate the antioxidant defense system remains largely unknown. We previously found that impaired function of OsCPK12 leads to oxidative stress in rice, with more H2O2, lower catalase (CAT) activity, and lower yield. Here, we explored the roles of OsCPK12 in oxidative stress tolerance in rice. Our results show that OsCPK12 interacts with and phosphorylates OsCATA and OsCATC at Ser11. Knockout of either OsCATA or OsCATC leads to an oxidative stress phenotype accompanied by higher accumulation of H2O2. Overexpression of the phosphomimetic proteins OsCATAS11D and OsCATCS11D in oscpk12-cr reduced the level of H2O2 accumulation. Moreover, OsCATAS11D and OsCATCS11D showed enhanced catalase activity in vivo and in vitro. OsCPK12-overexpressing plants exhibited higher CAT activity as well as higher tolerance to oxidative stress. Our findings demonstrate that OsCPK12 affects CAT enzyme activity by phosphorylating OsCATA and OsCATC at Ser11 to regulate H2O2 homeostasis, thereby mediating oxidative stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beifang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; Northern Rice Research Center of Bao Qing, Shuangyashan 155600, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Pao Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xiaodeng Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Weixun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Daibo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Junlin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yongbo Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Xihong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Lianping Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Shihua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Qunen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
| | - Liyong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; Northern Rice Research Center of Bao Qing, Shuangyashan 155600, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China.
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3
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Liang J, Lu L, Zhang W, Chi M, Shen M, An C, Chen S, Wang X, Liu R, Qin Y, Zheng P. Comprehensive characterization and expression analysis of enzymatic antioxidant gene families in passion fruit ( Passiflora edulis). iScience 2023; 26:108329. [PMID: 38026217 PMCID: PMC10656276 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Passion fruit, a valuable tropical fruit, faces climate-related growth challenges. Antioxidant enzymes are vital for both stress protection and growth regulation in plants. We first provided systemic analysis of enzymatic antioxidant gene families in passion fruit, identifying 90 members including 11 PeSODs, 45 PeAPXs, 8 PeCATs, 7 PeGPXs, 6 PeMDHARs, 8 PeDHARs, and 5 PeGRs. Gene members in each gene family with same subcellular localization showed closer phylogenetic relationship. Many antioxidant genes exhibited tissue- or developmental stage-specific expression patterns during floral and fruit development, with some widely expressed. Their co-expressed genes were linked to photosynthesis and energy metabolism, suggesting roles in protecting highly proliferating tissues from oxidative damage. Potential genes for enhancing temperature stress resistance were identified. The involvement of diverse regulatory factors including miRNAs, transcription factors, and CREs might contribute to the complex roles of antioxidant genes. This study informs future research on antioxidant genes and passion fruit breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxiang Liang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Xinluo Breeding Center for Excellent Germplasms, Longyan 361000, China
| | - Ming Chi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mengqian Shen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chang An
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shengzhen Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ruoyu Liu
- Pingtan Science and Technology Research Institute, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Pingtan Science and Technology Research Institute, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Pingtan Science and Technology Research Institute, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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4
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Vella FM, Calandrelli R, Cautela D, Laratta B. Natural Antioxidant Potential of Melon Peels for Fortified Foods. Foods 2023; 12:2523. [PMID: 37444261 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Agricultural and food waste recycling reduces natural resource losses, contributing significantly to the development of new green markets through the creation of redesigned products. In order to cycle valuable molecules, the peels from Italian cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars were studied and successfully characterized for high-added biomolecules to verify their possible exploitation as wealthy biomasses. Peels were investigated for their cell wall-modifying and browning enzymes, as well as for total polyphenols, ortho-diphenols, flavonoids, tannins, and antioxidant properties. The results of the analyses displayed great promise in one of the three cultivars investigated. Later on, a preliminary study using the best peel extract as a dietary supplement was carried out by preparing fortified seawater to enhance its antioxidant power. The effects of storage time (60 days) were examined at two temperatures through the determination of the stability of the polyphenol content. The kinetic parameters of degradation were also calculated. The "enriched sea water" retained great antioxidant activity in refrigerated conditions, demonstrating that there is good potential for melon by-products to add their natural compounds for food fortification. These findings may provide valuable data for scale-up, from the lab to the pilot or industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filomena Monica Vella
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), Via P. Castellino, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Calandrelli
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), Via P. Castellino, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Cautela
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, e-Campus University, 22060 Novedrate, Como, Italy
| | - Bruna Laratta
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and BioResources (IBBR), Via P. Castellino, 80131 Naples, Italy
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5
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Baker A, Lin CC, Lett C, Karpinska B, Wright MH, Foyer CH. Catalase: A critical node in the regulation of cell fate. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 199:56-66. [PMID: 36775107 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Catalase (CAT) is an extensively studied if somewhat enigmatic enzyme that is at the heart of eukaryotic antioxidant systems with a canonical role in peroxisomal function. The CAT family of proteins exert control over a wide range of plant growth and defence processes. CAT proteins are subject to many types of post-translational modification (PTM), which modify activity, ligand binding, stability, compartmentation and function. The CAT interactome involves many cytosolic and nuclear proteins that appear to be essential for protein functions. Hence, the CAT network of roles extends far beyond those associated with peroxisomal metabolism. Some pathogen effector proteins are able to redirect CAT to the nucleus and recent evidence indicates CAT can traffic to the nucleus in the absence of exogenous proteins. While the mechanisms that target CAT to the nucleus are not understood, CAT activity in the cytosol and nucleus is promoted by interactions with nucleoredoxin. Here we discuss recent findings that have been pivotal in generating a step change in our understanding of CAT functions in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Baker
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK; Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Chi-Chuan Lin
- Centre for Plant Sciences and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Casey Lett
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Barbara Karpinska
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Megan H Wright
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Christine H Foyer
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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6
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Tian G, Wang S, Wu J, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu S, Han D, Xia G, Wang M. Allelic variation of TaWD40-4B.1 contributes to drought tolerance by modulating catalase activity in wheat. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1200. [PMID: 36864053 PMCID: PMC9981739 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought drastically restricts wheat production, so to dissect allelic variations of drought tolerant genes without imposing trade-offs between tolerance and yield is essential to cope with the circumstance. Here, we identify a drought tolerant WD40 protein encoding gene TaWD40-4B.1 of wheat via the genome-wide association study. The full-length allele TaWD40-4B.1C but not the truncated allele TaWD40-4B.1T possessing a nonsense nucleotide variation enhances drought tolerance and grain yield of wheat under drought. TaWD40-4B.1C interacts with canonical catalases, promotes their oligomerization and activities, and reduces H2O2 levels under drought. The knock-down of catalase genes erases the role of TaWD40-4B.1C in drought tolerance. TaWD40-4B.1C proportion in wheat accessions is negatively correlative with the annual rainfall, suggesting this allele may be selected during wheat breeding. The introgression of TaWD40-4B.1C enhances drought tolerance of the cultivar harboring TaWD40-4B.1T. Therefore, TaWD40-4B.1C could be useful for molecular breeding of drought tolerant wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shubin Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 250100, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 050050, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xiutang Wang
- Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 050050, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dejun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Guangmin Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Mengcheng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China.
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7
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The Non-JAZ TIFY Protein TIFY8 of Arabidopsis thaliana Interacts with the HD-ZIP III Transcription Factor REVOLUTA and Regulates Leaf Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043079. [PMID: 36834490 PMCID: PMC9967580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The HD-ZIP III transcription factor REVOLUTA (REV) is involved in early leaf development, as well as in leaf senescence. REV directly binds to the promoters of senescence-associated genes, including the central regulator WRKY53. As this direct regulation appears to be restricted to senescence, we aimed to characterize protein-interaction partners of REV which could mediate this senescence-specificity. The interaction between REV and the TIFY family member TIFY8 was confirmed by yeast two-hybrid assays, as well as by bimolecular fluorescence complementation in planta. This interaction inhibited REV's function as an activator of WRKY53 expression. Mutation or overexpression of TIFY8 accelerated or delayed senescence, respectively, but did not significantly alter early leaf development. Jasmonic acid (JA) had only a limited effect on TIFY8 expression or function; however, REV appears to be under the control of JA signaling. Accordingly, REV also interacted with many other members of the TIFY family, namely the PEAPODs and several JAZ proteins in the yeast system, which could potentially mediate the JA-response. Therefore, REV appears to be under the control of the TIFY family in two different ways: a JA-independent way through TIFY8, which controls REV function in senescence, and a JA-dependent way through PEAPODs and JAZ proteins.
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8
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Rudy E, Grabsztunowicz M, Arasimowicz-Jelonek M, Tanwar UK, Maciorowska J, Sobieszczuk-Nowicka E. N 6-methyladenosine (m 6A) RNA modification as a metabolic switch between plant cell survival and death in leaf senescence. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1064131. [PMID: 36684776 PMCID: PMC9846058 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Crop losses caused by climate change and various (a)biotic stressors negatively affect agriculture and crop production. Therefore, it is vital to develop a proper understanding of the complex response(s) to (a)biotic stresses and delineate them for each crop plant as a means to enable translational research. In plants, the improvement of crop quality by m6A editing is believed to be a promising strategy. As a reaction to environmental changes, m6A modification showed a high degree of sensitivity and complexity. We investigated differences in gene medleys between dark-induced leaf senescence (DILS) and developmental leaf senescence in barley, including inter alia RNA modifications active in DILS. The identified upregulated genes in DILS include RNA methyltransferases of different RNA types, embracing enzymes modifying mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. We have defined a decisive moment in the DILS model which determines the point of no return, but the mechanism of its control is yet to be uncovered. This indicates the possibility of an unknown additional switch between cell survival and cell death. Discoveries of m6A RNA modification changes in certain RNA species in different stages of leaf senescence may uncover the role of such modifications in metabolic reprogramming. Nonetheless, there is no such data about the process of leaf senescence in plants. In this scope, the prospect of finding connections between the process of senescence and m6A modification of RNA in plants seems to be compelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Rudy
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magda Grabsztunowicz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Arasimowicz-Jelonek
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, Poland
| | - Umesh Kumar Tanwar
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, Poland
| | - Julia Maciorowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Sobieszczuk-Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, Poland
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9
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Jiang W, Ye Q, Wu Z, Zhang Q, Wang L, Liu J, Hu X, Guo D, Wang X, Zhang Z, He H, Hu L. Analysis of CAT Gene Family and Functional Identification of OsCAT3 in Rice. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:138. [PMID: 36672879 PMCID: PMC9858675 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalase (CAT) is an important antioxidant enzyme in plants that plays a key role in plant growth and stress responses. CAT is usually encoded by a small gene family that has been cloned and functionally studied in some species, such as Arabidopsis, wheat and cucumber, but its specific roles in rice are not clear at present. In this study, we identified three CAT family genes (OsCAT1, OsCAT2 and OsCAT3) in the rice genome and performed a systematic bioinformatics analysis. RT-PCR analysis revealed that OsCAT1-OsCAT3 was primarily expressed in vegetative tissues such as roots, stems and leaves. Since OsCAT3 showed the highest expression level among the three OsCAT genes, we then focused on its related functions. OsCAT3 prokaryotic expression protein has an obvious ability to remove H2O2. The OsCAT3crispr plant was short and had a low survival rate, the leaves were small with brown lesions, and the activities of the CAT, POD and SOD enzymes were significantly reduced. A microarray analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were primarily enriched in toxin metabolism and photosynthesis. This study laid a foundation for further understanding the function of the rice OsCAT gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Qing Ye
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Qiuyun Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lianhong Wang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jialin Liu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiafei Hu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Dandan Guo
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zelin Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lifang Hu
- College of Agriculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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10
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Szechyńska-Hebda M, Ghalami RZ, Kamran M, Van Breusegem F, Karpiński S. To Be or Not to Be? Are Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidants, and Stress Signalling Universal Determinants of Life or Death? Cells 2022; 11:cells11244105. [PMID: 36552869 PMCID: PMC9777155 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the environmental and organism context, oxidative stress is complex and unavoidable. Organisms simultaneously cope with a various combination of stress factors in natural conditions. For example, excess light stress is accompanied by UV stress, heat shock stress, and/or water stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant molecules, coordinated by electrical signalling (ES), are an integral part of the stress signalling network in cells and organisms. They together regulate gene expression to redirect energy to growth, acclimation, or defence, and thereby, determine cellular stress memory and stress crosstalk. In plants, both abiotic and biotic stress increase energy quenching, photorespiration, stomatal closure, and leaf temperature, while toning down photosynthesis and transpiration. Locally applied stress induces ES, ROS, retrograde signalling, cell death, and cellular light memory, then acclimation and defence responses in the local organs, whole plant, or even plant community (systemic acquired acclimation, systemic acquired resistance, network acquired acclimation). A simplified analogy can be found in animals where diseases vs. fitness and prolonged lifespan vs. faster aging, are dependent on mitochondrial ROS production and ES, and body temperature is regulated by sweating, temperature-dependent respiration, and gene regulation. In this review, we discuss the universal features of stress factors, ES, the cellular production of ROS molecules, ROS scavengers, hormones, and other regulators that coordinate life and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: or (M.S.-H.); (S.K.)
| | - Roshanak Zarrin Ghalami
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- UGent Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: or (M.S.-H.); (S.K.)
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11
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Ghosh S, Majee M. Protein l-isoAspartyl Methyltransferase (PIMT) and antioxidants in plants. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 121:413-432. [PMID: 36707142 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
All life forms, including plants, accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a byproduct of metabolism; however, environmental stresses, including abiotic stresses and pathogen attacks, cause enhanced accumulation of ROS in plants. The increased accumulation of ROS often causes oxidative damage to cells. Organisms are able to maintain levels of ROS below permissible limits by several mechanisms, including efficient antioxidant systems. In addition to antioxidant systems, recent studies suggest that protein l-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT), a highly conserved protein repair enzyme across evolutionary diverse organisms, plays a critical role in maintaining ROS homeostasis by repairing isoaspartyl-mediated damage to antioxidants in plants. Under stress conditions, antioxidant proteins undergo spontaneous isoaspartyl (isoAsp) modification which is often detrimental to protein structure and function. This reduces the catalytic action of antioxidants and disturbs the ROS homeostasis of cells. This chapter focuses on PIMT and its interaction with antioxidants in plants, where PIMT constitutes a secondary level of protection by shielding a primary level of antioxidants from dysfunction and permitting them to guard during unfavorable situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shraboni Ghosh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Majee
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India.
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12
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The CRK5 and WRKY53 Are Conditional Regulators of Senescence and Stomatal Conductance in Arabidopsis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223558. [PMID: 36428987 PMCID: PMC9688832 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) constitute a large group of membrane-localized proteins which perceive external stimuli and transduce the signal into the cell. Previous reports based on their loss-of-function phenotypes and expression profile support their role in many developmental and stress-responsive pathways. Our study revealed that one member of this family, CRK5, acts as a negative regulator of leaf aging. Enrichment of the CRK5 promoter region in W-box cis-elements demonstrated that WRKY transcription factors control it. We observed significantly enhanced WRKY53 expression in crk5 and reversion of its early-senescence phenotype in the crk5 wrky53 line, suggesting a negative feedback loop between these proteins antagonistically regulating chlorophyll a and b contents. Yeast-two hybrid assay showed further that CRK5 interacts with several proteins involved in response to water deprivation or calcium signaling, while gas exchange analysis revealed a positive effect of CRK5 on water use efficiency. Consistent with that, the crk5 plants showed disturbed foliar temperature, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and increased susceptibility to osmotic stress. These traits were fully or partially reverted to wild-type phenotype in crk5 wrky53 double mutant. Obtained results suggest that WRKY53 and CRK5 are antagonistic regulators of chlorophyll synthesis/degradation, senescence, and stomatal conductance.
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13
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Ghorbel M, Besbes M, Haddaji N, Bouali N, Brini F. Identification and Expression Profiling of Two Saudi Arabia Catalase Genes from Wheat and Barley in Response to Abiotic and Hormonal Stresses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2208. [PMID: 36358580 PMCID: PMC9686680 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalase is a crucial enzyme in antioxidant defense systems protecting eukaryotes from oxidative stress. These proteins are present in almost all living organisms and play important roles in controlling plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses by catalyzing the decomposition of H2O2. Despite their importance, little is known about their expression in the majority of monocotyledonous species. Here, we isolated and characterized two novel catalase genes from Triticum turgidum and Hordeum vulgare, designated as TtCAT1 and HvCAT1, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that TtCAT1 and HvCAT1 presented 492 aa and shared an important identity with other catalase proteins belonging to subfamily 1. Using bioinformatic analysis, we predicted the 3D structure models of TtCAT1 and HvCAT1. Interestingly, analysis showed that the novel catalases harbor a peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1) located at their C-terminus portion, as shown for other catalase proteins. In addition, this motif is responsible for the in silico peroxisomal localization of both proteins. Finally, RT-qPCR analysis showed that TtCAT1 and HvCAT1 are highly expressed in leaves in normal conditions but faintly in roots. Moreover, both genes are upregulated after the application of different stresses such as salt, osmotic, cold, heavy metal, and hormonal stresses. The positive responses of TtCAT1 and HvCAT1 to the various stimuli suggested that these proteins can help to protect both species against environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Ghorbel
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
| | - Malek Besbes
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najla Haddaji
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouha Bouali
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia
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The RPN12a proteasome subunit is essential for the multiple hormonal homeostasis controlling the progression of leaf senescence. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1043. [PMID: 36180574 PMCID: PMC9525688 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03998-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The 26S proteasome is a conserved multi-subunit machinery in eukaryotes. It selectively degrades ubiquitinated proteins, which in turn provides an efficient molecular mechanism to regulate numerous cellular functions and developmental processes. Here, we studied a new loss-of-function allele of RPN12a, a plant ortholog of the yeast and human structural component of the 19S proteasome RPN12. Combining a set of biochemical and molecular approaches, we confirmed that a rpn12a knock-out had exacerbated 20S and impaired 26S activities. The altered proteasomal activity led to a pleiotropic phenotype affecting both the vegetative growth and reproductive phase of the plant, including a striking repression of leaf senescence associate cell-death. Further investigation demonstrated that RPN12a is involved in the regulation of several conjugates associated with the auxin, cytokinin, ethylene and jasmonic acid homeostasis. Such enhanced aptitude of plant cells for survival in rpn12a contrasts with reports on animals, where 26S proteasome mutants generally show an accelerated cell death phenotype.
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15
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Chattha MS, Ali Q, Haroon M, Afzal MJ, Javed T, Hussain S, Mahmood T, Solanki MK, Umar A, Abbas W, Nasar S, Schwartz-Lazaro LM, Zhou L. Enhancement of nitrogen use efficiency through agronomic and molecular based approaches in cotton. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:994306. [PMID: 36237509 PMCID: PMC9552886 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is a major fiber crop grown worldwide. Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for cotton production and supports efficient crop production. It is a crucial nutrient that is required more than any other. Nitrogen management is a daunting task for plants; thus, various strategies, individually and collectively, have been adopted to improve its efficacy. The negative environmental impacts of excessive N application on cotton production have become harmful to consumers and growers. The 4R's of nutrient stewardship (right product, right rate, right time, and right place) is a newly developed agronomic practice that provides a solid foundation for achieving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in cotton production. Cropping systems are equally crucial for increasing production, profitability, environmental growth protection, and sustainability. This concept incorporates the right fertilizer source at the right rate, time, and place. In addition to agronomic practices, molecular approaches are equally important for improving cotton NUE. This could be achieved by increasing the efficacy of metabolic pathways at the cellular, organ, and structural levels and NUE-regulating enzymes and genes. This is a potential method to improve the role of N transporters in plants, resulting in better utilization and remobilization of N in cotton plants. Therefore, we suggest effective methods for accelerating NUE in cotton. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of agronomic and molecular approaches for improving NUE in cotton production, which benefits both the environment and growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohaib Chattha
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Qurban Ali
- Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Haroon
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sadam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Mahmood
- Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Manoj K. Solanki
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aisha Umar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Abbas
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanza Nasar
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Lauren M. Schwartz-Lazaro
- School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Bautista-Rosales PU, Ochoa-Jiménez VA, Casas-Junco PP, Balois-Morales R, Rubio-Melgarejo A, Díaz-Jasso ÁE, Berumen-Varela G. Bacillus mojavensis enhances the antioxidant defense mechanism of soursop (Annona muricata L.) fruits during postharvest storage. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:578. [PMID: 36029413 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rapid softening of soursop (Annona muricata L.) fruit results in postharvest losses. Bacillus genus is one of the most studied antagonistic biological control agents against postharvest diseases. Nevertheless, information about how this bacterium acts on the fruits is still not understood. The objective of this study aims to gain an insight into the effect of Bacillus mojavensis on the activity and gene expression of antioxidant defense enzymes in soursop fruits during postharvest storage. Our findings indicate different responses in the fruits inoculated with B. mojavensis at biochemical and molecular levels. On day one, fruits inoculated with B. mojavensis presented a mean value of 79.09 GAE/100 gFW in total phenols, and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities (1.35 and 1.78-fold higher, respectively). On the other hand, on the third day of storage, the ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) reached its highest level, including an increase in the expression of SOD, and PPO genes by 18.7-fold and 4.5-fold in fruits inoculated with B. mojavensis. Finally, on the fifth day of storage, soursop fruits inoculated with B. mojavensis had the highest mean values for 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·), 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate (ABTS· +), with values of 194.68 EAA/100 gFW, and 172.33 EAA/100 gFW, respectively. Indeed, higher polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) activities (2.17-fold and 1.27-fold higher, respectively) were recorded compared to the control fruits. We show that depending on the stage of ripening, the antagonist bacteria B. mojavensis enhanced the antioxidant capacity, enzymatic activity, and gene expression of soursop fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ulises Bautista-Rosales
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos-Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Ciudad de la Cultura SN, 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Verónica Alhelí Ochoa-Jiménez
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos-Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Ciudad de la Cultura SN, 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Paloma Patricia Casas-Junco
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos-Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Ciudad de la Cultura SN, 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Rosendo Balois-Morales
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos-Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Ciudad de la Cultura SN, 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Alejandro Rubio-Melgarejo
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Carretera Tepic-Compostela km. 9, 63780, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Ángel Elpidio Díaz-Jasso
- Programa Académico de Biología, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Km. 9 Carretera Tepic-Compostela, 63780, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Berumen-Varela
- Unidad de Tecnología de Alimentos-Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Ciudad de la Cultura SN, 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, México.
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Liu Q, Feng Z, Huang C, Wen J, Li L, Yu S. Insights into the Genomic Regions and Candidate Genes of Senescence-Related Traits in Upland Cotton via GWAS. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158584. [PMID: 35955713 PMCID: PMC9368895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence is the last stage of plant development and is controlled by both internal and external factors. Premature senescence significantly affects the yield and quality of cotton. However, the genetic architecture underlying cotton senescence remains unclear. In this study, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed based on 3,015,002 high-quality SNP markers from the resequencing data of 355 upland cotton accessions to detect genomic regions for cotton senescence. A total of 977 candidate genes within 55 senescence-related genomic regions (SGRs), SGR1-SGR55, were predicted. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of candidate genes revealed that a set of biological processes was enriched, such as salt stress, ethylene processes, and leaf senescence. Furthermore, in the leaf senescence GO term, one candidate gene was focused on: Gohir.A12G270900 (GhMKK9), located in SGR36, which encodes a protein of the MAP kinase kinase family. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that GhMKK9 was up-regulated in old cotton leaves. Overexpression of GhMKK9 in Arabidopsis accelerated natural leaf senescence. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of GhMKK9 in cotton increased drought tolerance. These results suggest that GhMKK9 is a positive regulator and might be involved in drought-induced senescence in cotton. The results provide new insights into the genetic basis of cotton senescence and will be useful for improving cotton breeding in the future.
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Tarafdar S, Chowdhary G. Translating the Arabidopsis thaliana Peroxisome Proteome Insights to Solanum lycopersicum: Consensus Versus Diversity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:909604. [PMID: 35912119 PMCID: PMC9328179 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.909604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are small, single-membrane specialized organelles present in all eukaryotic organisms. The peroxisome is one of the nodal centers of reactive oxygen species homeostasis in plants, which are generated in a high amount due to various stress conditions. Over the past decade, there has been extensive study on peroxisomal proteins and their signaling pathways in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, and a lot has been deciphered. However, not much impetus has been given to studying the peroxisome proteome of economically important crops. Owing to the significance of peroxisomes in the physiology of plants during normal and stress conditions, understating its proteome is of much importance. Hence, in this paper, we have made a snapshot of putative peroxisomal matrix proteins in the economically important vegetable crop tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, (L.) family Solanaceae). First, a reference peroxisomal matrix proteome map was generated for Arabidopsis thaliana using the available proteomic and localization studies, and proteins were categorized into various groups as per their annotations. This was used to create the putative peroxisomal matrix proteome map for S. lycopersicum. The putative peroxisome proteome in S. lycopersicum retains the basic framework: the bulk of proteins had peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS) type 1, a minor group had PTS2, and the catalase family retained its characteristic internal PTS. Apart from these, a considerable number of S. lycopersicum orthologs did not contain any “obvious” PTS. The number of PTS2 isoforms was found to be reduced in S. lycopersicum. We further investigated the PTS1s in the case of both the plant species and generated a pattern for canonical and non-canonical PTS1s. The number of canonical PTS1 proteins was comparatively lesser in S. lycopersicum. The non-canonical PTS1s were found to be comparable in both the plant species; however, S. lycopersicum showed greater diversity in the composition of the signal tripeptide. Finally, we have tried to address the lacunas and probable strategies to fill those gaps.
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Liu Y, Lu L, Zhang Y, Yin Q, Yi N, Qaseem MF, Li H, Wu AM. Potassium deficiency inhibits leaf growth and promotes leaf necrotic spots in Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1256-1268. [PMID: 34940885 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leaves, being a key plant organ involved in photosynthesis, play an important role in plant growth and development. Although there have been a few studies on the effects of potassium (K+) deficiency on the leaves of woody plants, knowledge about mechanism of necrotic spot formation on leaves during K+ deficiency is scarce. We used a hydroponics setup to understand the effects of K+ deficiency on Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser. K+ deficiency resulted in smaller leaves and necrotic spots on the older leaves, whereas regulatory modules of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell expansion were downregulated. K+ deficiency increased the activity of reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidases and malondialdehyde, and expression of DEGs related to these was also upregulated. Strong diaminobenzidine staining was observed on the older leaves showing accumulation of H2O2 during K+ deficiency treatment. In addition, putrescine and ethylene synthesis genes were upregulated. Fifteen DEGs in response to ethylene signaling, including ETR1, ETR2, EBF1, ERF1 and ERF2, were upregulated in the third week. The leaf growth changes caused by K+ deficiency in N. cadamba were well demonstrated by our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qi Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Na Yi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mirza Faisal Qaseem
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huiling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architectures, South China Agricultural University, No.483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, No. 483, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Kashyap AS, Manzar N, Nebapure SM, Rajawat MVS, Deo MM, Singh JP, Kesharwani AK, Singh RP, Dubey SC, Singh D. Unraveling Microbial Volatile Elicitors Using a Transparent Methodology for Induction of Systemic Resistance and Regulation of Antioxidant Genes at Expression Levels in Chili against Bacterial Wilt Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020404. [PMID: 35204287 PMCID: PMC8869530 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial volatiles benefit the agricultural ecological system by promoting plant growth and systemic resistance against diseases without harming the environment. To explore the plant growth-promoting efficiency of VOCs produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens PDS1 and Bacillus subtilis KA9 in terms of chili plant growth and its biocontrol efficiency against Ralstonia solanacearum, experiments were conducted both in vitro and in vivo. A closure assembly was designed using a half-inverted plastic bottle to demonstrate plant–microbial interactions via volatile compounds. The most common volatile organic compounds were identified and reported; they promoted plant development and induced systemic resistance (ISR) against wilt pathogen R. solanacearum. The PDS1 and KA9 VOCs significantly increased defensive enzyme activity and overexpressed the antioxidant genes PAL, POD, SOD, WRKYa, PAL1, DEF-1, CAT-2, WRKY40, HSFC1, LOX2, and NPR1 related to plant defense. The overall gene expression was greater in root tissue as compared to leaf tissue in chili plant. Our findings shed light on the relationship among rhizobacteria, pathogen, and host plants, resulting in plant growth promotion, disease suppression, systemic resistance-inducing potential, and antioxidant response with related gene expression in the leaf and root tissue of chili.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Shankar Kashyap
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.K.); (R.P.S.)
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India; (N.M.); (M.V.S.R.); (J.P.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Nazia Manzar
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India; (N.M.); (M.V.S.R.); (J.P.S.)
| | | | - Mahendra Vikram Singh Rajawat
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India; (N.M.); (M.V.S.R.); (J.P.S.)
| | - Man Mohan Deo
- Farm Machinery and Power, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur 208024, India;
| | - Jyoti Prakash Singh
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan 275103, India; (N.M.); (M.V.S.R.); (J.P.S.)
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amit Kumar Kesharwani
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.K.); (R.P.S.)
| | - Ravinder Pal Singh
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.K.); (R.P.S.)
| | - S. C. Dubey
- Division of Plant Quarantine, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi 110012, India;
- Krishi Bhawan, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Dinesh Singh
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India; (A.K.K.); (R.P.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.K.); (D.S.)
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21
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Zhang B, Yang J, Gu G, Jin L, Chen C, Lin Z, Song J, Xie X. Integrative Analyses of Biochemical Properties and Transcriptome Reveal the Dynamic Changes in Leaf Senescence of Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.). Front Genet 2022; 12:790167. [PMID: 35003224 PMCID: PMC8727547 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.790167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an important process of growth and development in plant, and it is a programmed decline controlled by a series of genes. In this study, the biochemical properties and transcriptome at five maturity stages (M1∼M5) of tobacco leaves were analyzed to reveal the dynamic changes in leaf senescence of tobacco. A total of 722, 1,534, 3,723, and 6,933 genes were differentially expressed (DEG) between M1 and M2, M1 and M3, M1 and M4, and M1 and M5, respectively. Significant changes of nitrogen, sugars, and the DEGs related to metabolite accumulation were identified, suggesting the importance of energy metabolism during leaf senescence. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis found that DEGs were enriched in biosynthetic, metabolic, photosynthesis, and redox processes, and especially, the nitrogen metabolic pathways were closely related to the whole leaf senescence process (M1∼M5). All the DEGs were grouped into 12 expression profiles according to their distinct expression patterns based on Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) software analysis. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis found that these DEGs were enriched in pathways of carbon metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, and photosynthesis among these expression profiles. A total of 30 core genes were examined by Weight Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and they appeared to play a crucial role in the regulatory of tobacco senescence. Our results provided valuable information for further functional investigation of leaf senescence in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiahan Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Gu
- Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liao Jin
- Yanping Branch of Nanping Tobacco Company, Nanping, China
| | | | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Yanping Branch of Nanping Tobacco Company, Nanping, China
| | | | - Xiaofang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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22
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Zentgraf U, Andrade-Galan AG, Bieker S. Specificity of H 2O 2 signaling in leaf senescence: is the ratio of H 2O 2 contents in different cellular compartments sensed in Arabidopsis plants? Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:4. [PMID: 34991444 PMCID: PMC8903538 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an integral part of plant development and is driven by endogenous cues such as leaf or plant age. Developmental senescence aims to maximize the usage of carbon, nitrogen and mineral resources for growth and/or for the sake of the next generation. This requires efficient reallocation of the resources out of the senescing tissue into developing parts of the plant such as new leaves, fruits and seeds. However, premature senescence can be induced by severe and long-lasting biotic or abiotic stress conditions. It serves as an exit strategy to guarantee offspring in an unfavorable environment but is often combined with a trade-off in seed number and quality. In order to coordinate the very complex process of developmental senescence with environmental signals, highly organized networks and regulatory cues have to be in place. Reactive oxygen species, especially hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are involved in senescence as well as in stress signaling. Here, we want to summarize the role of H2O2 as a signaling molecule in leaf senescence and shed more light on how specificity in signaling might be achieved. Altered hydrogen peroxide contents in specific compartments revealed a differential impact of H2O2 produced in different compartments. Arabidopsis lines with lower H2O2 levels in chloroplasts and cytoplasm point to the possibility that not the actual contents but the ratio between the two different compartments is sensed by the plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Zentgraf
- ZMBP (Centre of Plant Molecular Biology), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Ana Gabriela Andrade-Galan
- ZMBP (Centre of Plant Molecular Biology), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bieker
- ZMBP (Centre of Plant Molecular Biology), University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
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23
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Song HH, Zhou ZL, Zhao DL, Tang J, Li YH, Han Z, Chen XY, Hu KD, Yao GF, Zhang H. Storage Property Is Positively Correlated With Antioxidant Capacity in Different Sweet Potato Cultivars. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:696142. [PMID: 34887880 PMCID: PMC8649693 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.696142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sweet potato decays easily due to its high respiration rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation during postharvest storage. In this study, we explored the relationship between antioxidant capacity in leaves and storage properties in different sweet potato cultivars, the tuberous roots of 10 sweet potato cultivars were used as the experimental materials to analyze the storage property during storage at 11-15°C. According to the decay percentage after 290 days of storage, Xu 32 was defined as a storage-tolerant cultivar (rot percentage less than 25%); Xu 55-2, Z 15-1, Shangshu 19, Yushu, and Zhezi 3 as above-moderate storage-tolerant cultivars (rot percentage ranging from 25 to 50%); Sushu 16, Yanshu 5, and Hanzi as medium-storable cultivars (rot percentage 50-75%); and Yan 25 as a storage-sensitive cultivar (rot percentage greater than 75%). Meanwhile, analysis of the α-amylase activity in root tubers of the 10 sweet potato cultivars during storage indicated that α-amylase activity was lowest in the storage-tolerant cultivar Xu 32 and highest in the storage-sensitive cultivar Yan 25. Evaluation of antioxidant enzyme activities and ROS content in the leaves of these 10 cultivars demonstrated that cultivar Xu 32, which showed the best storage property, had higher antioxidant enzyme activity [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD)] but lower lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, and superoxide anion radical (O2⋅-) production rates compared with those of the storage-sensitive cultivar Yan 25 and the medium-storability cultivars Hanzi, Yanshu 5, and Sushu 16. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) suggested that sweet potato cultivars with different storage properties were clustered separately. Correlation and heat map analysis further indicated that CAT, APX, POD, and SOD activities were negatively correlated with α-amylase activity, while LOX activity and MDA and H2O2 contents were negatively correlated with the storage property of sweet potato. Combined, our findings revealed that storage property is highly correlated with antioxidant capacity in sweet potato leaves and negatively correlated with α-amylase activity in tuberous roots, which provides a convenient means for the screening of storage-tolerant sweet potato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hui Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi-Lin Zhou
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong-Lan Zhao
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Xuhuai District of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Zhuo Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Kang-Di Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Gai-Fang Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
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24
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Influence of Ripening on Polyphenolic Content, Degradative, and Browning Enzymes in Cantaloupe Varieties (C. Melo, L.). HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7110421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical changes that occur during the growth and ripening of fruit and vegetable tissues, especially for color and firmness, are the most important factors affecting the quality of fresh products. Cantaloupe (Cucumis melo, L.) is one of the main economically important fruits in the world and its quality parameters, e.g., sweetness, nutritional factors, and texture, influence consumer preferences. Hence, these two features, appearance and texture changes, were investigated in three different genotypes of netted melon, all characterized by an extended shelf life but with different ripening phases. In particular, in all melon cultivars, the cell wall-modifying enzymatic activities and indicators of softening as well as total polyphenols, ortho-diphenols, flavonoids, and tannins, and antioxidant activity were studied. One variety with excellent shelf-life displayed the best nutritional and healthy qualities, in the early stages of ripening, and the lowest degree of browning. The lytic enzyme activities were reduced in the initial stages and after they increased gradually until the overripe stage, with the same trend for all varieties under investigation. The antioxidant activities declined with increasing time of ripeness in all genotypes. The outcomes confirm that the activities of both classes examined, antioxidant and cell wall-modifying enzymes, may vary significantly during ripeness depending on the genotype, suggesting the involvement in determining the postharvest behavior of these fruits.
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25
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Zhu L, Liu L, Sun H, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Zhang K, Li A, Bai Z, Wang G, Li C. Physiological and Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Provide Insight Into Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) Root Senescence in Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:748715. [PMID: 34733305 PMCID: PMC8558499 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.748715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deficiency is one of the pivotal environmental factors that induce leaf senescence. However, little is known regarding the impact of low N on root senescence in cotton. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of low nitrogen on root senescence. In this study, the molecular mechanism of cotton root senescence in response to nitrogen deficiency was investigated by combing physiological and transcriptomic analysis when no nitrogen and normal nitrogen (138mg N·kg-1 soil). The results showed that: (1) nitrogen starvation induced the premature senescence of leaf, while delaying root senescence. (2) The increase in catalase (CAT) activity at 60, 80, and 100days after emergence (DAE), combined with decrease of malonaldehyde content at 60, 80, and 100 DAE, and the content of abscisic acid (ABA), all of these contributed to the delay of root senescence by low nitrogen treatment. (3) To study the molecular mechanisms underlying root senescence, the gene expression profiling between low nitrogen and normal nitrogen treatments were compared pairwise at 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 DAE. A total of 14,607 genes were identified to be differentially expressed at these five points. (5) Most genes involved in glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) synthesis were upregulated, while ABA, apoptosis, caspase, and cell cycle-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were downregulated. Coupled with the physiology data, these results provide new insights into the effect of nitrogen starvation on root senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Liantao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Hongchun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yongjiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jijie Zhu
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Science, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Anchang Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Zhiying Bai
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Guiyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Cundong Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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26
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Sun X, Zhao F, Liu X. Cellular autofluorescence and browning in trichomes of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris) in response to mechanical stimulation and senescence. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:1186-1198. [PMID: 34600597 DOI: 10.1071/fp21012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is limited information concerning the formation of dot-like browning appearing at the base of trichomes on mature leaves on the Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis). This study confirmed for the first time that enhanced autofluorescence can be induced in the base of trichomes when pressure stimuli is applied to trichomes; the enhanced autofluorescence gradually moves to the top of trichomes and the neighbouring mesophyll tissue within 15min. The excitation of autofluorescence in trichomes was found to be more effective in mature leaves compared to newly emergent leaves. Increased polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation were also detected in the basal region of trichomes that were subjected to mechanical stimuli. Enhanced fluorescence was observed at the top of the trichomes in senescencing leaves. A browning in the base of the trichomes during leaf senescence was observed. In contrast, no browning occurred at the base of the trichomes in leaves that were subject to pressure stimuli. The blue fluorescence in the trichomes in senescent leaves arises mainly from the condensed cytoplasm. No direct evidence was able to prove that the enhanced autofluorescent substances in the trichomes during leaf senescence are the cause of the browning at the early growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fanggui Zhao
- Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, SD, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Lab of Plant Biotechnology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, SD, China
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27
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Ferguson JN, Tidy AC, Murchie EH, Wilson ZA. The potential of resilient carbon dynamics for stabilizing crop reproductive development and productivity during heat stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2066-2089. [PMID: 33538010 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Impaired carbon metabolism and reproductive development constrain crop productivity during heat stress. Reproductive development is energy intensive, and its requirement for respiratory substrates rises as associated metabolism increases with temperature. Understanding how these processes are integrated and the extent to which they contribute to the maintenance of yield during and following periods of elevated temperatures is important for developing climate-resilient crops. Recent studies are beginning to demonstrate links between processes underlying carbon dynamics and reproduction during heat stress, consequently a summation of research that has been reported thus far and an evaluation of purported associations are needed to guide and stimulate future research. To this end, we review recent studies relating to source-sink dynamics, non-foliar photosynthesis and net carbon gain as pivotal in understanding how to improve reproductive development and crop productivity during heat stress. Rapid and precise phenotyping during narrow phenological windows will be important for understanding mechanisms underlying these processes, thus we discuss the development of relevant high-throughput phenotyping approaches that will allow for more informed decision-making regarding future crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Ferguson
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison C Tidy
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Erik H Murchie
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Zoe A Wilson
- Division of Plant & Crop Science, University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, UK
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28
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Rankenberg T, Geldhof B, van Veen H, Holsteens K, Van de Poel B, Sasidharan R. Age-Dependent Abiotic Stress Resilience in Plants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:692-705. [PMID: 33509699 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Developmental age is a strong determinant of stress responses in plants. Differential susceptibility to various environmental stresses is widely observed at both the organ and whole-plant level. While it is clear that age determines stress susceptibility, the causes, regulatory mechanisms, and functions are only now beginning to emerge. Compared with concepts on age-related biotic stress resilience, advancements in the abiotic stress field are relatively limited. In this review, we focus on current knowledge of ontogenic resistance to abiotic stresses, highlighting examples at the organ (leaf) and plant level, preceded by an overview of the relevant concepts in plant aging. We also discuss age-related abiotic stress resilience mechanisms, speculate on their functional relevance, and outline outstanding questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Rankenberg
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Batist Geldhof
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans van Veen
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristof Holsteens
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Van de Poel
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, University of Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Rashmi Sasidharan
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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29
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Chen C, Galon Y, Rahmati Ishka M, Malihi S, Shimanovsky V, Twito S, Rath A, Vatamaniuk OK, Miller G. ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE6 delays the onset of age-dependent leaf senescence. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:441-456. [PMID: 33580795 PMCID: PMC8133542 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Age-dependent changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are critical in leaf senescence. While H2O2-reducing enzymes such as catalases and cytosolic ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE1 (APX1) tightly control the oxidative load during senescence, their regulation and function are not specific to senescence. Previously, we identified the role of ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE6 (APX6) during seed maturation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Here, we show that APX6 is a bona fide senescence-associated gene. APX6 expression is specifically induced in aging leaves and in response to senescence-promoting stimuli such as abscisic acid (ABA), extended darkness, and osmotic stress. apx6 mutants showed early developmental senescence and increased sensitivity to dark stress. Reduced APX activity, increased H2O2 level, and altered redox state of the ascorbate pool in mature pre-senescing green leaves of the apx6 mutants correlated with the early onset of senescence. Using transient expression assays in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, we unraveled the age-dependent post-transcriptional regulation of APX6. We then identified the coding sequence of APX6 as a potential target of miR398, which is a key regulator of copper redistribution. Furthermore, we showed that mutants of SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE7 (SPL7), the master regulator of copper homeostasis and miR398 expression, have a higher APX6 level compared with the wild type, which further increased under copper deficiency. Our study suggests that APX6 is a modulator of ROS/redox homeostasis and signaling in aging leaves that plays an important role in developmental- and stress-induced senescence programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Chen
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of South China Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yael Galon
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Maryam Rahmati Ishka
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Shimrit Malihi
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Vladislava Shimanovsky
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Shir Twito
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Abhishek Rath
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Olena K Vatamaniuk
- Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Gad Miller
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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30
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Cabot C, Sibole JV, Barceló J, Poschenrieder C. Luxury zinc supply acts as antiaging agent and enhances reproductive fitness in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 304:110805. [PMID: 33568305 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developmental senescence in plants is an age dependent process affected by phytohormones, nutrient status, and environmental factors, while the antiaging effects of zinc are recognized in humans. This study explores the possible influence of a high, non-toxic Zn-supply (12 μM) on senescence and reproductive fitness in A. thaliana. Auxin-resistance mutant, axr1-12, and auxin overexpressing YUCCA6 mutant, yuc6-1D, and their corresponding background genotypes were grown until complete rosette senescence to quantify the fruit biomass and seed number. Gene expression of different antioxidant, auxin and senescence-associated markers were analyzed after the onset of senescence. All mutants showed delayed developmental senescence. Luxury Zn delayed senescence in wild type, but not in the mutant genotypes. Excluding axr1-12 mutants, which showed very low expression of the auxin gene marker INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 2 (IAA2), enhanced expression of the senescence markers SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE 12 (SAG12) and AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 2 (ARF2) coincided with decreased expression of IAA2. Delayed senescence and total number of seeds per plant were related to higher expression of the peroxisomal antioxidant enzymes Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD3) and catalase (CAT2). These results evidence that high Zn-induced delayed senescence and improved reproductive fitness in Arabidopsis are related to an auxin-independent mechanism that retains antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Cabot
- Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain.
| | - John V Sibole
- Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma, Spain
| | - Juan Barceló
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Bioscience Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Charlotte Poschenrieder
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Bioscience Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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Dvořák P, Krasylenko Y, Zeiner A, Šamaj J, Takáč T. Signaling Toward Reactive Oxygen Species-Scavenging Enzymes in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:618835. [PMID: 33597960 PMCID: PMC7882706 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.618835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules essential for plant responses to abiotic and biotic stimuli as well as for multiple developmental processes. They are produced as byproducts of aerobic metabolism and are affected by adverse environmental conditions. The ROS content is controlled on the side of their production but also by scavenging machinery. Antioxidant enzymes represent a major ROS-scavenging force and are crucial for stress tolerance in plants. Enzymatic antioxidant defense occurs as a series of redox reactions for ROS elimination. Therefore, the deregulation of the antioxidant machinery may lead to the overaccumulation of ROS in plants, with negative consequences both in terms of plant development and resistance to environmental challenges. The transcriptional activation of antioxidant enzymes accompanies the long-term exposure of plants to unfavorable environmental conditions. Fast ROS production requires the immediate mobilization of the antioxidant defense system, which may occur via retrograde signaling, redox-based modifications, and the phosphorylation of ROS detoxifying enzymes. This review aimed to summarize the current knowledge on signaling processes regulating the enzymatic antioxidant capacity of plants.
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32
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Song J, CampbellPalmer L, Vinqvist-Tymchuk M, Fillmore S, Forney C, Luo H, Zhang Z. Proteomic Changes in Antioxidant System in Strawberry During Ripening. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:594156. [PMID: 33424890 PMCID: PMC7785977 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.594156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the strawberry antioxidant defense system during fruit ripening, a targeted quantitative proteomic approach using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was developed to investigate targeted proteins in the antioxidant enzyme system in strawberry fruit. We investigated 46 proteins and isoforms with 73 identified peptides which may be involved in this antioxidant enzyme system. Among the proteins that changed during ripening, aldo/keto reductase (AKR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione transferase (GT) increased significantly, while dehydroascorbate reductase, 2-Cys peroxiredoxin, catalase (CAT), 1-Cys peroxiredoxin and L-ascorbate peroxidase (APX) decreased significantly. These results suggest that fruit ripening of strawberry activates the enzymes of an SOD/glutathione metabolism system. The methodologies used in this study will be useful for systematically characterizing the role of antioxidant enzymes in fruit ripening of other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Song
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS, Canada
| | - Leslie CampbellPalmer
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS, Canada
| | - Mindy Vinqvist-Tymchuk
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS, Canada
| | - Sherry Fillmore
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS, Canada
| | - Charles Forney
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS, Canada
| | - Honghui Luo
- College of Horticulture, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoqi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhao Q, Hu R, Liu D, Liu X, Wang J, Xiang X, Li Y. The AP2 transcription factor NtERF172 confers drought resistance by modifying NtCAT. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:2444-2455. [PMID: 32445603 PMCID: PMC7680539 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress often limits plant growth and global crop yields. Catalase (CAT)-mediated hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) scavenging plays an important role in the adaptation of plant stress responses, but the transcriptional regulation of the CAT gene in response to drought stress is not well understood. Here, we isolated an APETALA2/ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) domain-containing transcription factor (TF), NtERF172, which was strongly induced by drought, abscisic acid (ABA) and H2 O2 , from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) by yeast one-hybrid screening. NtERF172 localized to the nucleus and acted as a transcriptional activator. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, yeast one-hybrid assays, electrophoretic mobility shift assays and transient expression analysis assays showed that NtERF172 directly bound to the promoter region of the NtCAT gene and positively regulated its expression. Transgenic plants overexpressing NtERF172 displayed enhanced tolerance to drought stress, whereas suppression of NtERF172 decreased drought tolerance. Under drought stress conditions, the NtERF172-overexpressed lines showed higher catalase activity and lower accumulation of H2 O2 compared with wild-type (WT) plants, while the NtERF172-silenced plants showed the inverse correlation. Exogenous application of amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT), an irreversible CAT inhibitor, to the NtERF172-overexpression lines showed decreased catalase activity and drought tolerance, and increased levels of cellular H2 O2 . Knockdown of NtCAT in the NtERF172-overexpression lines displayed a more drought stress-sensitive phenotype than NtERF172-overexpression lines. We propose that NtERF172 acts as a positive factor in drought stress tolerance, at least in part through the regulation of CAT-mediated H2 O2 homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Ri‐Sheng Hu
- Hunan Tobacco Research InstituteChangshaHunanChina
| | - Dan Liu
- Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Xin Liu
- College of HorticultureQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jie Wang
- Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina
| | - Xiao‐Hua Xiang
- Haikou Cigar Research InstitutionHaikouHainan ProvinceChina
| | - Yang‐Yang Li
- Hunan Tobacco Research InstituteChangshaHunanChina
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A natriuretic peptide from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPNP-A) can modulate catalase 2 activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19632. [PMID: 33184368 PMCID: PMC7665192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Analogues of vertebrate natriuretic peptides (NPs) present in plants, termed plant natriuretic peptides (PNPs), comprise a novel class of hormones that systemically affect salt and water balance and responses to plant pathogens. Several lines of evidence indicate that Arabidopsis thaliana PNP (AtPNP-A) affects cellular redox homeostasis, which is also typical for the signaling of its vertebrate analogues, but the molecular mechanism(s) of this effect remains elusive. Here we report identification of catalase 2 (CAT2), an antioxidant enzyme, as an interactor of AtPNP-A. The full-length AtPNP-A recombinant protein and the biologically active fragment of AtPNP-A bind specifically to CAT2 in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analyses, while a biologically inactive scrambled peptide does not. In vivo bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) showed that CAT2 interacts with AtPNP-A in chloroplasts. Furthermore, CAT2 activity is lower in homozygous atpnp-a knockdown compared with wild type plants, and atpnp-a knockdown plants phenocopy CAT2-deficient plants in their sensitivity to elevated H2O2, which is consistent with a direct modulatory effect of the PNP on the activity of CAT2 and hence H2O2 homeostasis. Our work underlines the critical role of AtPNP-A in modulating the activity of CAT2 and highlights a mechanism of fine-tuning plant responses to adverse conditions by PNPs.
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Guo DL, Wang ZG, Pei MS, Guo LL, Yu YH. Transcriptome analysis reveals mechanism of early ripening in Kyoho grape with hydrogen peroxide treatment. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:784. [PMID: 33176674 PMCID: PMC7657363 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07180-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In a previous study, the early ripening of Kyoho grape following H2O2 treatment was explored at the physiological level, but the mechanism by which H2O2 promotes ripening at the molecular level is unclear. To reveal the molecular mechanism, RNA-sequencing analysis was conducted on the different developmental stages of Kyoho berry treated with H2O2. Results In the comparison of treatment and control groups, 406 genes were up-regulated and 683 were down-regulated. Time course sequencing (TCseq) analysis showed that the expression patterns of most of the genes were similar between the treatment and control, except for some genes related to chlorophyll binding and photosynthesis. Differential expression analysis and the weighted gene co-expression network were used to screen significantly differentially expressed genes and hub genes associated with oxidative stress (heat shock protein, HSP), cell wall deacetylation (GDSL esterase/lipase, GDSL), cell wall degradation (xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/ hydrolase, XTH), and photosynthesis (chlorophyll a-b binding protein, CAB1). Gene expression was verified with RT-qPCR, and the results were largely consistent with those of RNA sequencing. Conclusions The RNA-sequencing analysis indicated that H2O2 treatment promoted the early ripening of Kyoho berry by affecting the expression levels of HSP, GDSL, XTH, and CAB1 and- photosynthesis- pathways. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07180-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Long Guo
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China. .,Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.
| | - Zhen-Guang Wang
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.,Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Mao-Song Pei
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.,Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Li-Li Guo
- Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China
| | - Yi-He Yu
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China.,Henan Engineering Technology Research Center of Quality Regulation and Controlling of Horticultural Plants, Luoyang, 471023, Henan Province, China
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36
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Valandro F, Menguer PK, Cabreira-Cagliari C, Margis-Pinheiro M, Cagliari A. Programmed cell death (PCD) control in plants: New insights from the Arabidopsis thaliana deathosome. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 299:110603. [PMID: 32900441 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically controlled process that leads to cell suicide in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. In plants PCD occurs during development, defence response and when exposed to adverse conditions. PCD acts controlling the number of cells by eliminating damaged, old, or unnecessary cells to maintain cellular homeostasis. Unlike in animals, the knowledge about PCD in plants is limited. The molecular network that controls plant PCD is poorly understood. Here we present a review of the current mechanisms involved with the genetic control of PCD in plants. We also present an updated version of the AtLSD1 deathosome, which was previously proposed as a network controlling HR-mediated cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana. Finally, we discuss the unclear points and open questions related to the AtLSD1 deathosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Valandro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil.
| | - Paloma Koprovski Menguer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Márcia Margis-Pinheiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), RS, Brazil.
| | - Alexandro Cagliari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil; Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS), RS, Brazil.
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37
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Zhang Y, Ji TT, Li TT, Tian YY, Wang LF, Liu WC. Jasmonic acid promotes leaf senescence through MYC2-mediated repression of CATALASE2 expression in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 299:110604. [PMID: 32900442 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants relocate nutrients and energy from aging leaves to developing tissues during leaf senescence, which is important for plant growth, development, and responses to various environmental stimuli. Both jasmonic acid (JA) and H2O2 are two crucial signalling molecules positively regulating leaf senescence, whereas whether and how they are coordinated in leaf senescence remains elusive. Here, we report that H2O2 accumulates in JA-treated leaves, while scavenging the increased H2O2 can significantly suppresses JA-induced leaf senescence and the expression of senescence-associated genes (SAGs). The mutant myc2 with a mutation of MYC2, a master transcription factor in JA signalling pathway, exhibits delayed leaf senescence with increased catalase activity and decreased H2O2 accumulation compared with the wild type upon JA treatment. Further study showed that MYC2 downregulates CATALASE 2 (CAT2) expression by binding to its promoter, thus promoting JA-induced H2O2 accumulation and leaf senescence. Moreover, the delayed leaf senescence with reduced H2O2 accumulation and SAGs expression of the myc2 mutant is significantly reverted by the cat2-1 mutation in myc2 cat2-1 double mutant. Thus, our study reveals that JA represses CAT2 expression to increase H2O2 accumulation, thus promoting leaf senescence in a MYC2 dependent manner in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Tong-Tong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yang-Yang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lin-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Yang T, Qiu L, Huang W, Xu Q, Zou J, Peng Q, Lin H, Xi D. Chilli veinal mottle virus HCPro interacts with catalase to facilitate virus infection in Nicotiana tabacum. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:5656-5668. [PMID: 32594157 PMCID: PMC7501817 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant symptoms are derived from specific interactions between virus and host components. However, little is known about viral or host factors that participate in the establishment of systemic necrosis. Here, we showed that helper component proteinase (HCPro), encoded by Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), could directly interact with catalase 1 (CAT1) and catalase 3 (CAT3) in the cytoplasm of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants to facilitate viral infection. In vitro, the activities of CAT1 and CAT3 were inhibited by the interaction between HCPro and CATs. The C-terminus of HCPro was essential for their interaction and was also required for the decrease of enzyme activities. Interestingly, the mRNA and protein level of CATs were up-regulated in tobacco plants in response to ChiVMV infection. Nicotiana tabacum plants with HCPro overexpression or CAT1 knockout were more susceptible to ChiVMV infection, which was similar to the case of H2O2-pre-treated plants, and the overexpression of CAT1 inhibited ChiVMV accumulation. Also, neither CAT1 nor CAT3 could affect the RNA silencing suppression (RSS) activity of HCPro. Our results showed that the interaction between HCPro and CATs promoted the development of plant systemic necrosis, revealing a novel role for HCPro in virus infection and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Long Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wanying Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qianyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jialing Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiding Peng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Dehui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Niu F, Cui X, Zhao P, Sun M, Yang B, Deyholos MK, Li Y, Zhao X, Jiang YQ. WRKY42 transcription factor positively regulates leaf senescence through modulating SA and ROS synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:171-184. [PMID: 32634860 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence represents the final stage of leaf growth and development, and its onset and progression are strictly regulated; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study we found that WRKY42 was highly induced during leaf senescence. Loss-of-function wrky42 mutants showed delayed leaf senescence whereas the overexpression of WRKY42 accelerated senescence. Transcriptome analysis revealed 2721 differentially expressed genes between wild-type and WRKY42-overexpressing plants, including genes involved in salicylic acid (SA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis as well as several senescence-associated genes (SAGs). Moreover, WRKY42 activated the transcription of isochorismate synthase 1 (ICS1), respiratory burst oxidase homolog F (RbohF) and a few SAG genes. Consistently, the expression of these genes was reduced in wrky42 mutants but was markedly increased in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing WRKY42. Both in vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase assays demonstrated that WRKY42 directly bound to the promoters of ICS1 and RbohF, as well as a few SAGs, to activate their expression. Genetic analysis further showed that mutations of ICS1 and RbohF suppressed the early senescence phenotype evoked by WRKY42 overexpression. Thus, we have identified WRKY42 as a novel transcription factor positively regulating leaf senescence by directly activating the transcription of ICS1, RbohF and SAGs, without any seed yield penalty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Peiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mengting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Michael K Deyholos
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Chen L, Wu R, Feng J, Feng T, Wang C, Hu J, Zhan N, Li Y, Ma X, Ren B, Zhang J, Song CP, Li J, Zhou JM, Zuo J. Transnitrosylation Mediated by the Non-canonical Catalase ROG1 Regulates Nitric Oxide Signaling in Plants. Dev Cell 2020; 53:444-457.e5. [PMID: 32330424 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The redox-based protein S-nitrosylation is a conserved mechanism modulating nitric oxide (NO) signaling and has been considered mainly as a non-enzymatic reaction. S-nitrosylation is regulated by the intracellular NO level that is tightly controlled by S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR). However, the molecular mechanisms regulating S-nitrosylation selectivity remain elusive. Here, we characterize an Arabidopsis "repressor of" gsnor1 (rog1) mutation that specifically suppresses the gsnor1 mutant phenotype. ROG1, identical to the non-canonical catalase, CAT3, is a transnitrosylase that specifically modifies GSNOR1 at Cys-10. The transnitrosylase activity of ROG1 is regulated by a unique and highly conserved Cys-343 residue. A ROG1C343T mutant displays increased catalase but decreased transnitrosylase activities. Consistent with these results, the rog1 mutation compromises responses to NO under both normal and stress conditions. We propose that ROG1 functions as a transnitrosylase to regulate the NO-based redox signaling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianpeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiliang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ni Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yansha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bo Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Jiayang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jianru Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Neugart S, Hideg É, Czégény G, Schreiner M, Strid Å. Ultraviolet-B radiation exposure lowers the antioxidant capacity in the Arabidopsis thaliana pdx1.3-1 mutant and leads to glucosinolate biosynthesis alteration in both wild type and mutant. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2020; 19:217-228. [PMID: 31961357 DOI: 10.1039/c9pp00342h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and its vitamers are used by living organisms both as enzymatic cofactors and as antioxidants. We used Arabidopsis pyridoxine biosynthesis mutant pdx1.3-1 to study the involvement of the PLP-synthase main polypeptide PDX1 in plant responses to ultraviolet radiation of two different qualities, one containing primarily UV-A (315-400 nm) and the other containing both UV-A and UV-B (280-315 nm). The antioxidant capacity and the flavonoid and glucosinolate (GS) profiles were examined. As an indicator of stress, Fv/Fm of photosystem II reaction centers was used. In pdx1.3-1, UV-A + B exposure led to a significant 5% decrease in Fv/Fm on the last day (day 15), indicating mild stress at this time point. The antioxidant capacity of Col-0 wildtype increased significantly (50-73%) after 1 and 3 days of UV-A + B. Instead, in pdx1.3-1, the antioxidant capacity significantly decreased by 44-52% over the same time period, proving the importance of a full complement of functional PDX1 genes for the detoxification of reactive oxygen species. There were no significant changes in the flavonoid glycoside profile under any light condition. However, the GS profile was significantly altered, both with respect to Arabidopsis accession and exposure to UV. The difference in flavonoid and GS profiles reflects that the GS biosynthesis pathway contains at least one pyridoxine-dependent enzyme, whereas no such enzyme is used in flavonoid biosynthesis. Also, there was strong correlation between the antioxidant capacity and the content of some GS compounds. Our results show that vitamin B6 vitamers, functioning both as antioxidants and co-factors, are of importance for the physiological fitness of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neugart
- Division of Quality and Sensory of Plant Products, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Allies or Enemies: The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Developmental Processes of Black Cottonwood ( Populus trichocarpa). Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030199. [PMID: 32120843 PMCID: PMC7139288 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to aboveground organs (stems and leaves), developmental events and their regulation in underground organs, such as pioneer and fine roots, are quite poorly understood. The objective of the current study was to achieve a better understanding of the physiological and molecular role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-related enzymes in the process of stem and pioneer root development in black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa), as well as in the senescence of leaves and fine roots. Results of a transcriptomic analysis revealed that primary/secondary growth and senescence are accompanied by substantial changes in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress metabolism. We observed that some mechanisms common for above- and under-ground organs, e.g., the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes and SOD activity, declined during stems' and pioneer roots' development. Moreover, the localization of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2•-) in the primary and secondary xylem of stems and pioneer roots confirms their involvement in xylem cell wall lignification and the induction of programmed cell death (PCD). H2O2 and O2•- in senescing fine roots were present in the same locations as demonstrated previously for ATG8 (AuTophaGy-related) proteins, implying their participation in cell degradation during senescence, while O2•- in older leaves was also localized similarly to ATG8 in chloroplasts, suggesting their role in chlorophagy. ROS and ROS-related enzymes play an integral role in the lignification of xylem cell walls in Populus trichocarpa, as well as the induction of PCD during xylogenesis and senescence.
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Zhang S, Li C, Ren H, Zhao T, Li Q, Wang S, Zhang Y, Xiao F, Wang X. BAK1 Mediates Light Intensity to Phosphorylate and Activate Catalases to Regulate Plant Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041437. [PMID: 32093294 PMCID: PMC7073115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BAK1 (brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 (BRI1) associated receptor kinase 1) plays major roles in multiple signaling pathways as a coreceptor to regulate plant growth and development and stress response. However, the role of BAK1 in high light signaling is still poorly understood. Here we observed that overexpression of BAK1 in Arabidopsis interferes with the function of high light in promoting plant growth and development, which is independent of the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway. Further investigation shows that high light enhances the phosphorylation of BAK1 and catalase activity, thereby reducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation. Catalase3 (CAT3) is identified as a BAK1-interacting protein by affinity purification and LC-MS/MS analysis. Biochemical analysis confirms that BAK1 interacts with and phosphorylates all three catalases (CAT1, CAT2, and CAT3) of the Arabidopsis genome, and the trans-phosphorylation sites of three catalases with BAK1-CD are identified by LC-MS/MS in vitro. Genetic analyses reveal that the BAK1 overexpression plants knocked out all the three CAT genes completely abolishing the effect of BAK1 on suppression of high light-promoted growth. This study first unravels the role of BAK1 in mediating high light-triggered activation of CATs, thereby degrading H2O2 and regulating plant growth and development in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (H.R.); (T.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.W.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (H.R.); (T.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.W.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Haihua Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (H.R.); (T.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Tong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (H.R.); (T.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (H.R.); (T.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Shufen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (H.R.); (T.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (H.R.); (T.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.W.)
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fangming Xiao
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (X.W.); Tel.: +208-885-0120 (F.X.); +86-18092867224 (X.W.)
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (H.R.); (T.Z.); (Q.L.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (X.W.); Tel.: +208-885-0120 (F.X.); +86-18092867224 (X.W.)
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Doll J, Muth M, Riester L, Nebel S, Bresson J, Lee HC, Zentgraf U. Arabidopsis thaliana WRKY25 Transcription Factor Mediates Oxidative Stress Tolerance and Regulates Senescence in a Redox-Dependent Manner. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1734. [PMID: 32038695 PMCID: PMC6989604 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is the last developmental step in plant life and is accompanied by a massive change in gene expression implying a strong participation of transcriptional regulators. In the past decade, the WRKY53 transcription factor was disclosed to be a central node of a complex regulatory network of leaf senescence and to underlie a tight multi-layer control of expression, activity and protein stability. Here, we identify WRKY25 as a redox-sensitive up-stream regulatory factor of WRKY53 expression. Under non-oxidizing conditions, WRKY25 binds to a specific W-box in the WRKY53 promoter and acts as a positive regulator of WRKY53 expression in a transient expression system using Arabidopsis protoplasts, whereas oxidizing conditions dampened the action of WRKY25. However, overexpression of WRKY25 did not accelerate senescence but increased lifespan of Arabidopsis plants, whereas the knock-out of the gene resulted in the opposite phenotype, indicating a more complex regulatory function of WRKY25 within the WRKY subnetwork of senescence regulation. In addition, overexpression of WRKY25 mediated higher tolerance to oxidative stress and the intracellular H2O2 level is lower in WRKY25 overexpressing plants and higher in wrky25 mutants compared to wildtype plants suggesting that WRKY25 is also involved in controlling intracellular redox conditions. Consistently, WRKY25 overexpressers had higher and wrky mutants lower H2O2 scavenging capacity. Like already shown for WRKY53, MEKK1 positively influenced the activation potential of WRKY25 on the WRKY53 promoter. Taken together, WRKY53, WRKY25, MEKK1 and H2O2 interplay with each other in a complex network. As H2O2 signaling molecule participates in many stress responses, WRKK25 acts most likely as integrators of environmental signals into senescence regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ulrike Zentgraf
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Prerostova S, Dobrev PI, Kramna B, Gaudinova A, Knirsch V, Spichal L, Zatloukal M, Vankova R. Heat Acclimation and Inhibition of Cytokinin Degradation Positively Affect Heat Stress Tolerance of Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:87. [PMID: 32133021 PMCID: PMC7040172 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In order to pinpoint phytohormone changes associated with enhanced heat stress tolerance, the complex phytohormone profiles [cytokinins, auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid and ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC)] were compared in Arabidopsis thaliana after direct heat shock (45°C, 3 h) and in heat-stressed pre-acclimated plants (1 h at 37°C followed by 2 h at optimal temperature 20°C). Organ-specific responses were followed in shoot apices, leaves, and roots immediately after heat shock and after 24-h recovery at 20°C. The stress strength was evaluated via membrane ion leakage and the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) and antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutases, guaiacol peroxidases (POD), catalases, ascorbate peroxidases (APX)]. Heat acclimation diminished negative effects of heat stress, especially in apices and roots, no significant differences being observed in leaves. Low NOX1-3 activities indicated diminished production of reactive oxygen species. Higher activity of APX, POD1, and the occurrence of POD3-4 reflected acclimation-stimulated readiness of the antioxidant system. Acclimation diminished heat shock-induced changes of ABA, JA, cytokinin, and auxin levels in apices. Excess of ABA catabolites suggested an early stress response. The strong up-regulation of ABA and ACC in roots indicated defense boost in roots of acclimated plants compared to the non-acclimated ones. To evaluate the possibility to enhance stress tolerance by cytokinin pool modulation, INCYDE-F, an inhibitor of cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase, was applied. As cytokinin effects on stress tolerance may depend on timing of their regulation, INCYDE was applied at several time-points. In combination with acclimation, INCYDE treatment had a slight positive effect on heat stress tolerance, mainly when applied after 2-h period of the optimal temperature. INCYDE increased contents of cytokinins trans-zeatin and cis-zeatin in roots and auxin in all tissues after heat shock. INCYDE also helped to suppress the content of ABA in leaves, and ethylene in apices and roots. INCYDE application to non-acclimated plants (applied before or after heat shock) strengthened negative stress effects, probably by delaying of the repair processes. In conclusion, pre-treatment with moderately elevated temperature enhanced heat stress tolerance and accelerated recovery after stress. Inhibition of cytokinin degradation by INCYDE slightly improved recovery of acclimated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylva Prerostova
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Sylva Prerostova,
| | - Petre I. Dobrev
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Barbara Kramna
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Alena Gaudinova
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Knirsch
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lukas Spichal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Marek Zatloukal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Smirnova OG, Kochetov AV. Choice of the Promoter for Tissue and Developmental Stage-Specific Gene Expression. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2124:69-106. [PMID: 32277449 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0356-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic technologies belong to important tools of reverse genetics and biotechnology in plants. Targeted genetic modifications can reveal functions of genes of interest, change metabolic and regulatory pathways, or result in accumulation of valuable proteins or metabolites. However, to be efficient in targeted genetic modification, the chimeric gene construct should be designed properly. In particular, the promoters used to control transgene expression need to be carefully chosen. Most promoters in widely used vectors belong to strong and constitutively expressed variants. However, in many cases transgene expression has to be restricted to certain tissue, stage of development, or response to some internal or external stimuli. In turn, a large variety of tissue-specific promoters have been studied and information on their characteristics may be recovered from the literature. An appropriate promoter may be selected and used in genetic construct to optimize the transgene transcription pattern. We have previously designed the TGP database (TransGene Promoters, http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/dbases/tgp/home.html ) collecting information from the publications in this field. Here we review the wide range of noncanonical tissue-specific and developmentally regulated promoters that might be used for transgene expression control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Smirnova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Alex V Kochetov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Zentgraf U, Doll J. Arabidopsis WRKY53, a Node of Multi-Layer Regulation in the Network of Senescence. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E578. [PMID: 31817659 PMCID: PMC6963213 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is an integral part of plant development aiming at the remobilization of nutrients and minerals out of the senescing tissue into developing parts of the plant. Sequential as well as monocarpic senescence maximize the usage of nitrogen, mineral, and carbon resources for plant growth and the sake of the next generation. However, stress-induced premature senescence functions as an exit strategy to guarantee offspring under long-lasting unfavorable conditions. In order to coordinate this complex developmental program with all kinds of environmental input signals, complex regulatory cues have to be in place. Major changes in the transcriptome imply important roles for transcription factors. Among all transcription factor families in plants, the NAC and WRKY factors appear to play central roles in senescence regulation. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of WRKY factors with a special focus on WRKY53. In contrast to a holistic multi-omics view we want to exemplify the complexity of the network structure by summarizing the multilayer regulation of WRKY53 of Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Zentgraf
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;
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Kumar S, Dhembla C, P H, Sundd M, Patel AK. Differential expression of structural and functional proteins during bean common mosaic virus-host plant interaction. Microb Pathog 2019; 138:103812. [PMID: 31669830 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), the most common seed-borne pathogen in Phaseolus vulgaris L. is known to cause severe loss in productivity across the globe. In the present study, proteomic analyses were performed for leaf samples from control (healthy) and susceptible BCMV infected plants. The differential expression of proteins was evaluated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Approximately, 1098 proteins were spotted, amongst which 107 proteins were observed to be statistically significant with differential expression. The functional categorization of the differential proteins illustrated that they were involved in biotic/abiotic stress (18%), energy and carbon metabolism (11%), photosynthesis (46%), protein biosynthesis (10%), chaperoning (5%), chlorophyll (5%) and polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis (5%). This is the first report on the comparative proteome study of compatible plant-BCMV interactions in P. vulgaris which contributes largely to the understanding of protein-mediated disease resistance/susceptible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Chetna Dhembla
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Hariprasad P
- Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Monica Sundd
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Patel
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India.
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Hajiboland R, Rahmat S, Zeinalzadeh N, Farsad-Akhtar N, Hosseinpour-Feizi MA. Senescence is delayed by selenium in oilseed rape plants. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 55:96-106. [PMID: 31345373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is a genetically programmed process that can also be induced by nitrogen (N) deficiency. Although selenium (Se) delays leaf senescence, the underlying mechanisms are still unknown. To explore the mechanisms of Se-mediated delay of leaf senescence, we studied the biochemical and molecular events that occur during developmental and N deficiency-induced senescence. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plants were grown under adequate N (AN, 16 mM) or low N (LN, 4 mM) conditions during the rosette growth stage and treated with Se (15 μg plant-1 as Na2SeO4) either through roots or leaves for four weeks. Shoot dry matter production was not influenced, while the photosynthetic parameters were improved by Se application in both young and old leaves under both AN and LN conditions. The Se treatment rarely influenced the concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while it increased the nitric oxide (NO) levels in young and old leaves under both AN and LN conditions. The positive correlation between the NO level and leaf photosynthetic parameters in old leaves of LN plants suggested a role for NO boosting, mediated by Se, in the protection of aging leaves from LN-induced accelerated senescence. This implication was further supported by the clear down-regulation of SAG12-1 and up-regulation of Cab, particularly by root application of Se in old leaves of LN plants. Our results provide the first evidence that Se influences the expression of senescence-associated genes and delays senescence through NO signalling but is independent of the ROS defence system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghieh Hajiboland
- Department of Plant Science, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Rahmat
- Department of Plant Science, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Nader Farsad-Akhtar
- Department of Plant Science, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
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Antioxidative capacity is highly associated with the storage property of tuberous roots in different sweetpotato cultivars. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11141. [PMID: 31366974 PMCID: PMC6668466 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The activities and gene expression of antioxidative enzymes and the ROS content were analyzed in two typical storage-tolerant cultivars (Xushu 32 and Shangshu 19) and another two storage-sensitive cultivars (Yanshu 25 and Sushu 16) to explore the association between the storage capacity of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) and ROS scavenging capability. The storage roots of the storage-tolerant cultivars maintained higher activities and expression levels of antioxidative enzymes, including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD); lower activity and expression of lipoxygenase (LOX); and lower accumulation of ROS metabolites compared with the storage-sensitive cultivars. The antioxidative capability and ROS parameters of leaves were positively correlated with those of storage roots. Our results provide valuable insight for evaluating the storability of sweetpotato cultivars by analyzing the capabilities of the antioxidative system and the contents of ROS metabolites.
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