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Kasture SV, Mondkar SA, Khadilkar AV, Gondhalekar K, Sethi A, Khadilkar VV. Dynamic Muscle Function Parameters in Indian Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2024; 28:201-207. [PMID: 38911118 PMCID: PMC11189292 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_140_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent evidence reveals that type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) impairs muscle function (MF) in adolescents. However, despite its importance in physical well-being, data on dynamic MF in Indian children and adolescents (C and Y) with T1DM are scarce. We assessed MF using Jumping Mechanography (JM, a measurement method for motion analysis and assessment of muscle power and force). (1) To assess dynamic MF by JM in C and Y with T1DM as compared to healthy controls (2) To determine predictors of MF in children with T1DM. Methods A cross-sectional observational study on 266 children (133 - T1DM duration >1 year with no known comorbidities + 133 age and gender-matched healthy controls) aged 6-19 years. Anthropometry, body composition, and MF (maximum relative power Pmax/mass, maximum relative force Fmax/BW by JM) were recorded. The lean mass index (LMI) was calculated as lean mass (kg)/height (m2). HbA1c was assessed in T1DM. Independent sample t-test and linear regression were performed. Results MF parameters (Pmax/mass 33.5 ± 7.2 vs 38.0 ± 8.6 W/kg and Fmax/BW 10.5 ± 2.9 vs 11.4 ± 4.1 N/kg, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in T1DM group vs controls. Positive association of body mass index and LMI with both MF parameters and negative association of insulin requirement and HbA1c with Fmax was observed in T1DM. Predictors of MF identified were MMI (Pmax/mass:b = 1.6,95%CI = 0.6-2.6; Fmax/BW:b =2.0,95%CI = 1.6-2.4) and HbA1c (Pmax/mass:b = -2.1,95%CI = -4.5--0.5; Fmax/BW:b = -1.1,95%CI = -2.0--0.2) (P < 0.05). Conclusion C and Y with T1DM exhibits compromised muscle function. Poor glycaemic control increases the risk of having decreased MF, irrespective of diabetes duration and may contribute to sarcopenia in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal V. Kasture
- Department of Growth and Paediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shruti A. Mondkar
- Department of Growth and Paediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anuradha V. Khadilkar
- Department of Growth and Paediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ketan Gondhalekar
- Department of Growth and Paediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anshu Sethi
- Department of Paediatrics, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vaman V. Khadilkar
- Department of Growth and Paediatric Endocrinology, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Jehangir Hospital, 32, Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- School of Health Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Fekih N, Zghal F, Machfer A, Ben Hadj Hassen H, Zarizissi S, Bouzid MA. Peripheral fatigue regulation during knee extensor exercise in type 1 diabetes and consequences on the force-duration relationship. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:897-908. [PMID: 37733138 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05318-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine if peripheral fatigue is adjusted during knee extensor (KE) exercise in order not to surpass a critical threshold patient with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the consequences of this mechanism on the force-duration relationship. METHODS Eleven T1D individuals randomly performed two different sessions in which they performed 60 maximum voluntary contractions (MVC; 3 s contraction, 2 s relaxation). One trial was performed in the non-fatigued state (CTRL) and another after fatiguing neuromuscular stimulation of the KE (FNMES). Peripheral and central fatigue were quantified by the difference between pre and post exercise in quadriceps voluntary activation (ΔVA) and potentiated twitch (ΔPtw). Critical torque (CT) was determined as the average force of the last 12 contractions, whereas W' was calculated as the area above the CT. RESULTS Although FNMES led to a significant decrease in potentiated twitch (Ptw) before performing the 60-MVCs protocol (p < 0.05), ΔVA (∼ -7.5%), ΔPtw (∼ -39%), and CT (∼816 N) post-MVCs were similar between the two conditions. The difference in W' between CTRL and FNMES was correlated with the level of pre-fatigue induced in FNMES (r2 = 0.60). In addition, W' was correlated with ΔPtw (r2 = 0.62) in the CTRL session. CONCLUSION Correlative results in the present study indicate that regulating peripheral fatigue mechanisms at a critical threshold limit W'. Additionally, peripheral fatigue during KE exercise is limited to an individual threshold in T1D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Fekih
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Road of the Aerodrome, Km 3.5, BP 1068, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Firas Zghal
- Faculté des Sciences du Sport, LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Amal Machfer
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Road of the Aerodrome, Km 3.5, BP 1068, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hayfa Ben Hadj Hassen
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Road of the Aerodrome, Km 3.5, BP 1068, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Zarizissi
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Road of the Aerodrome, Km 3.5, BP 1068, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amine Bouzid
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Road of the Aerodrome, Km 3.5, BP 1068, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
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3
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Kosik B, Larsen S, Bergdahl A. Actovegin improves skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and functional aerobic capacity in a type 1 diabetic male murine model. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:265-272. [PMID: 37913525 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Insulin deficiency in type 1 diabetes (T1D) leads to an impairment of glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function. Actovegin is a hemodialysate of calf blood, which has been shown to enhance glucose uptake and cell metabolism in healthy human skeletal muscle. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of Actovegin on skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and functional aerobic capacity in a T1D mouse model. Effects on the expression of mitochondrial proteins, body mass, and food and water consumption were also investigated. Streptozotocin-induced T1D male C57B1/6 mice (aged 3-4 months) were randomized to an Actovegin group and a control group. Every third day, the Actovegin and control groups were injected intraperitoneally with (0.1 mL) Actovegin and (0.1 mL) physiological salt solution, respectively. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity of the vastus lateralis muscle was measured by high resolution respirometry in addition to the expression levels of the mitochondrial complexes as well as voltage-dependent anion channel. Functional aerobic capacity was measured using a rodent treadmill protocol. Body mass and food and water consumption were also measured. After 13 days, in comparison to the control group, the Actovegin group demonstrated a significantly higher skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity in an ADP-restricted and ADP-stimulated environment. The Actovegin group displayed a significantly lesser decline in functional aerobic capacity and baseline body mass after 13 days. There were no significant differences in food or water consumption between groups. Actovegin could act as an effective agent for facilitating glucose metabolism and improving OXPHOS capacity and functional aerobic capacity in T1D. Further investigation is warranted to establish Actovegin's potential as an alternative therapeutic drug for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Kosik
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andreas Bergdahl
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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4
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McGuire B, Dadah H, Oliver D. The effects of acute hyperglycaemia on sports and exercise performance in type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2024; 27:78-85. [PMID: 38030440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are advised by health care professionals to target mild hyperglycaemia before and during exercise, to reduce the risk of hypoglycaemia. This review aimed to summarise the available evidence on the effects of acute hyperglycaemia on sports and exercise performance in T1D. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Web of Science were searched until 29th May 2023 for studies investigating the effects of acute hyperglycaemia on any sports or exercise performance outcome in T1D. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed using standardised mean differences (SMD) when more than one study reported data for similar outcomes. Certainty of evidence for each outcome was assessed using GRADE. RESULTS Seven studies were included in the review, comprising data from 119 people with T1D. Meta-analysis provided moderate-certainty evidence that acute hyperglycaemia does not significantly affect aerobic exercise performance (SMD -0.17; 95 % CI -0.59, 0.26; p = 0.44). There is low- or very-low certainty evidence that acute hyperglycaemia has no effect on anaerobic (two outcomes), neuromuscular (seven outcomes) or neurocognitive performance (three outcomes), except impaired isometric knee extension strength. One study provided low-certainty evidence that the performance effects of hyperglycaemia may depend on circulating insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS Acute hyperglycaemia before or during exercise appears unlikely to affect aerobic performance to an extent that is relevant to most people with T1D, based on limited evidence. Future research in this field should focus on anaerobic, neuromuscular and neurocognitive performance, and examine the relevance of circulating insulin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hashim Dadah
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Dominic Oliver
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, UK; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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Kopecky C, Haug M, Reischl B, Deshpande N, Manandhar B, King TW, Lee V, Wilkins MR, Morris M, Polly P, Friedrich O, Rye KA, Cochran BJ. Effect of insulin insufficiency on ultrastructure and function in skeletal muscle. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:112-123. [PMID: 38124345 PMCID: PMC10834341 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased insulin availability and high blood glucose levels, the hallmark features of poorly controlled diabetes, drive disease progression and are associated with decreased skeletal muscle mass. We have shown that mice with β-cell dysfunction and normal insulin sensitivity have decreased skeletal muscle mass. This project asks how insulin deficiency impacts on the structure and function of the remaining skeletal muscle in these animals. METHODS Skeletal muscle function was determined by measuring exercise capacity and specific muscle strength prior to and after insulin supplementation for 28 days in 12-week-old mice with conditional β-cell deletion of the ATP binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1 (β-DKO mice). Abca1 and Abcg1 floxed (fl/fl) mice were used as controls. RNAseq was used to quantify changes in transcripts in soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles. Skeletal muscle and mitochondrial morphology were assessed by transmission electron microscopy. Myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity and maximum isometric single muscle fibre force were assessed using MyoRobot biomechatronics technology. RESULTS RNA transcripts were significantly altered in β-DKO mice compared with fl/fl controls (32 in extensor digitorum longus and 412 in soleus). Exercise capacity and muscle strength were significantly decreased in β-DKO mice compared with fl/fl controls (P = 0.012), and a loss of structural integrity was also observed in skeletal muscle from the β-DKO mice. Supplementation of β-DKO mice with insulin restored muscle integrity, strength and expression of 13 and 16 of the dysregulated transcripts in and extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Insulin insufficiency due to β-cell dysfunction perturbs the structure and function of skeletal muscle. These adverse effects are rectified by insulin supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Kopecky
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Haug
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Reischl
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Bikash Manandhar
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas W King
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Victoria Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marc R Wilkins
- Systems Biology Initiative, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Margaret Morris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Patsie Polly
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Blake J Cochran
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Suresh Kumar H, Barnett EN, Fowlkes JL, Kalaitzoglou E, Annamalai RT. Biomechanical Stimulation of Muscle Constructs Influences Phenotype of Bone Constructs by Modulating Myokine Secretion. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10804. [PMID: 38025033 PMCID: PMC10652181 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that can lead to diabetic myopathy and bone diseases. The etiology of musculoskeletal complications in such metabolic disorders and the interplay between the muscular and osseous systems are not well understood. Exercise training promises to prevent diabetic myopathy and bone disease and offer protection. Although the muscle-bone interaction is largely biomechanical, the muscle secretome has significant implications for bone biology. Uncoupling effects of biophysical and biochemical stimuli on the adaptive response of bone during exercise training may offer therapeutic targets for diabetic bone disease. Here, we have developed an in vitro model to elucidate the effects of mechanical strain on myokine secretion and its impact on bone metabolism decoupled from physical stimuli. We developed bone constructs using cross-linked gelatin, which facilitated osteogenic differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells. Then muscle constructs were made from fibrin, which enabled myoblast differentiation and myotube formation. We investigated the myokine expression by muscle constructs under strain regimens replicating endurance (END) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in hyperglycemic conditions. In monocultures, both regimens induced higher expression of Il15 and Igf1, whereas END supported more myoblast differentiation and myotube maturation than HIIT. When co-cultured with bone constructs, HIIT regimen increased Glut4 expression in muscle constructs more than END, supporting higher glucose uptake. Likewise, the muscle constructs under the HIIT regimen promoted a healthier and more matured bone phenotype than END. Under static conditions, myostatin (Mstn) expression was significantly downregulated in muscle constructs co-cultured with bone constructs compared with monocultures. Together, our in vitro co-culture system allowed orthogonal manipulation of mechanical strain on muscle constructs while facilitating bone-muscle biochemical cross-talk. Such systems can provide an individualized microenvironment that allows decoupled biomechanical manipulation, help identify molecular targets, and develop engineered therapies for metabolic bone disease. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edwina N. Barnett
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - John L. Fowlkes
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes CenterLexingtonKYUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Evangelia Kalaitzoglou
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes CenterLexingtonKYUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
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Hendrix G, Lokhnygina Y, Ramaker M, Ilkayeva O, Muehlbauer M, Evans W, Rasbach L, Benjamin R, Freemark M, Gumus Balikcioglu P. Catabolism of fats and branched-chain amino acids in children with Type 1 diabetes: Association with glycaemic control and total daily insulin dose. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2023; 6:e448. [PMID: 37715520 PMCID: PMC10638627 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyperglycaemia in Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from an absolute insulin deficiency. However, insulin resistance (IR) may exacerbate glycaemic instability in T1D and contribute to long-term cardiovascular complications. We previously showed that IR in teenagers with obesity is associated with sex-dependent derangements in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and fatty acids. Here we hypothesized that byproducts of BCAA and fatty acid metabolism may serve as biomarkers or determinants of glycaemic control and IR in prepubertal or early pubertal children with T1D. METHODS Metabolites, hormones and cytokines from fasting blood samples were analysed in 28 children (15 females, 13 males; age 6-11 years) with T1D. Principal components analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression models were used to correlate metabolites of interest with glycaemic control, total daily insulin dose (TDD, units/kg/d), adiponectin and the triglyceride (TG) to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio. RESULTS Males and females were comparable in age, BMI-z, insulin sensitivity, glycaemic control, inflammatory markers, BCAAs and C2/C3/C5-acylcarnitines. The majority of components retained in PCA were related to fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and BCAA catabolism. HbA1c correlated positively with Factor 2 (acylcarnitines, incomplete FAO) and Factor 9 (fasting glucose). TDD correlated negatively with C3 and C5 and Factor 10 (BCAA catabolism) and positively with the ratio of C2 to C3 + C5 and Factor 9 (fasting glucose). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that glucose intolerance in prepubertal or early pubertal children with T1D is accompanied by incomplete FAO while TDD is associated with preferential catabolism of fats relative to amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Hendrix
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Yuliya Lokhnygina
- Department of Biostatistics and BioinformaticsDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Megan Ramaker
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and NutritionDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Michael Muehlbauer
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - William Evans
- University of California‐BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
- Duke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Lisa Rasbach
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Robert Benjamin
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Michael Freemark
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Pinar Gumus Balikcioglu
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and DiabetesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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Ding Q, Sun B, Wang M, Li T, Li H, Han Q, Liao J, Tang Z. N-acetylcysteine alleviates oxidative stress and apoptosis and prevents skeletal muscle atrophy in type 1 diabetes mellitus through the NRF2/HO-1 pathway. Life Sci 2023; 329:121975. [PMID: 37495077 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been linked to the occurrence of skeletal muscle atrophy. Insulin monotherapy may lead to excessive blood glucose fluctuations. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a clinically employed antioxidant, possesses cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The objective of our study was to evaluate the viability of NAC as a supplementary treatment for T1DM, specifically regarding its therapeutic and preventative impacts on skeletal muscle. MAIN METHODS Here, we used beagles as T1DM model for 120d to explore the mechanism of NRF2/HO-1-mediated skeletal muscle oxidative stress and apoptosis and the therapeutic effects of NAC. Oxidative stress and apoptosis related factors were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and RT-qPCR assay. KEY FINDINGS The findings indicated that the co-administration of NAC and insulin led to a reduction in creatine kinase levels, preventing weight loss and skeletal muscle atrophy. Improvement in the reduction of muscle fiber cross-sectional area. The expression of Atrogin-1, MuRF-1 and MyoD1 was downregulated, while Myh2 and MyoG were upregulated. In addition, CAT and GSH-Px levels were increased, MDA levels were decreased, and redox was maintained at a steady state. The decreased of key factors in the NRF2/HO-1 pathway, including NRF2, HO-1, NQO1, and SOD1, while KEAP1 increased. In addition, the apoptosis key factors Caspase-3, Bax, and Bak1 were found to be downregulated, while Bcl-2, Bcl-2/Bax, and CytC were upregulated. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings demonstrated that NAC and insulin mitigate oxidative stress and apoptosis in T1DM skeletal muscle and prevent skeletal muscle atrophy by activating the NRF2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Bingxia Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mengran Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Tingyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Huayu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, PR China.
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9
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Dos Santos Soares F, de Souza Pinto M, Kruger A, Coracini CA, Bertolini GRF. Photobiomodulation therapy on skeletal muscles exposed to diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of animal studies. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:185. [PMID: 37580518 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03853-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes-related muscle damage has been overlooked despite its known association with increased morbidity and mortality in DM individuals. PBMT is a recognized alternative to improve skeletal muscle health in other populations, but its effectiveness in DM is still unclear. To address this issue, we reviewed preclinical studies, available in any language and period, in ten sources of information. The methods were previously registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021271041), based on PRISMA recommendations. Studies in murine models of T1DM or T2DM that reported quantitative analyses of skeletal muscles treated with low-level light therapy could be included after a blind selection process. Most of the seven included studies focus on decompensated T1DM rats with acute muscle injury (cryoinjury or contusion). In these five studies, PBMT improved muscle regeneration, by reducing inflammation and stimulating factors pro-angiogenesis and pro-myogenesis. Some positive effects could also be observed in two studies on muscles without acute injury: control of oxidative stress (T1DM) and reduction of myosteatosis (T2DM). Although infrared laser applied locally appears to be a promising approach, optimal parameters are undefined due to the heterogeneity of outcomes and high risk of bias, which prevented a quantitative synthesis. Several aspects of this growing field have yet to be investigated, particularly regarding the DM model (e.g., aged animals, T2DM), intervention (e.g., comparison with LED), and outcomes (e.g., muscle mass, strength, and function). Future research should aim to improve the internal validity by following guidelines for animal studies and enhance the translatability to clinical trials by using animal models that closely mimic patients with DM in rehabilitation settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francyelle Dos Santos Soares
- Department of Physical Therapy, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Universitaria St. 2069, Cascavel, Paraná, 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Milena de Souza Pinto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Universitaria St. 2069, Cascavel, Paraná, 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Alana Kruger
- Department of Physical Therapy, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Universitaria St. 2069, Cascavel, Paraná, 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Camila Amaral Coracini
- Department of Physical Therapy, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Universitaria St. 2069, Cascavel, Paraná, 85819-110, Brazil
| | - Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini
- Department of Physical Therapy, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Western Paraná, Universitaria St. 2069, Cascavel, Paraná, 85819-110, Brazil.
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Huerta-Uribe N, Andrés Hormazábal-Aguayo I, Izquierdo M, García-Hermoso A. Youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus are more inactive and sedentary than apparently healthy peers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 200:110697. [PMID: 37169308 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To conduct a meta-analysis of differences in physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and physical fitness between children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and their healthy peers. METHODS The databases EMBASE, PubMed and SportsDiscus were searched for studies. Pooled effects were calculated using random effects inverse-variance models with the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman adjustment. RESULTS Thirty-five studies were included, comprising a total of 4,751 youths (53% girls) of which 2,452 with type 1 diabetes. Youth with type 1 diabetes were less physically active (Coheńs d=-0.23, 95%CI -0.42 to -0.04), more sedentary (Coheńs d=0.33, 95%CI 0.06 to 0.61), and had lower cardiorespiratory fitness (Coheńs d=-0.52, 95%CI -0.73 to -0.31) than their healthy peers. This corresponds to -12.72 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, 63.3 min/day of sedentary time (accelerometry) and -4.07 ml/kg/min of maximum/peak oxygen consumption. In addition, young people with type 1 diabetes were less likely to meet the international physical activity recommendations than their healthy peers (odds ratio=0.44, 95%CI 0.31 to 0.62). CONCLUSIONS Keeping in mind the heterogeneity between studies in the design, population and assessment, our findings show that children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes seem to be less active, more sedentary, and have lower cardiorespiratory fitness levels than their healthy peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Huerta-Uribe
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA
| | | | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA.
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11
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Maurotti S, Pujia R, Galluccio A, Nucera S, Musolino V, Mare R, Frosina M, Noto FR, Mollace V, Romeo S, Pujia A, Montalcini T. Preventing muscle wasting: pro-insulin C-peptide prevents loss in muscle mass in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:1117-1129. [PMID: 36878894 PMCID: PMC10067479 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-peptide therapy exerts several positive actions on nerves, vasculature, smooth muscle relaxation, kidney function and bone. To date, the role of C-peptide in preventing type 1 diabetes-related muscle atrophy has not been investigated. Our aim was to evaluate if C-peptide infusion prevents muscle wasting in diabetic rats. METHODS Twenty-three male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, diabetic group and diabetic group plus C-peptide. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection, and C-peptide was administered subcutaneously for 6 weeks. The blood samples were obtained at baseline, before streptozotocin injection and at the end of the study to assess C-peptide, ubiquitin and other laboratory parameters. We also tested the ability of C-peptide to regulate the skeletal muscle mass, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, the autophagy pathway as well as to improve muscle quality. RESULTS C-peptide administration reversed hyperglycaemia (P = 0.02) and hypertriglyceridaemia (P = 0.01) in diabetic plus C-peptide rats compared with diabetic control rats. The diabetic-control animals displayed a lower weight of the muscles in the lower limb considered individually than the control rats and the diabetic plus C-peptide rats (P = 0.03; P = 0.03; P = 0.04; P = 0.004, respectively). The diabetic-control rats presented a significantly higher serum concentration of ubiquitin compared with the diabetic plus C-peptide and the control animals (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01). In muscles of the lower limb, the pAmpk expression was higher in the diabetic plus C-peptide than the diabetic-control rats (in the gastrocnemius, P = 0.002; in the tibialis anterior P = 0.005). The protein expression of Atrogin-1 in gastrocnemius and tibialis was lower in the diabetic plus C-peptide than in diabetic-control rats (P = 0.02, P = 0.03). After 42 days, the cross-sectional area in the gastrocnemius of the diabetic plus C-peptide group had been reduced by 6.6% while the diabetic-control rats had a 39.5% reduction compared with the control animals (P = 0.02). The cross-sectional area of the tibialis and the extensor digitorum longus muscles was reduced, in the diabetic plus C-peptide rats, by 10% and 11%, respectively, while the diabetic-control group had a reduction of 65% and 45% compared with the control animals (both P < 0.0001). Similar results were obtained for the minimum Feret's diameter and perimeter. CONCLUSIONS C-peptide administration in rats could protect skeletal muscle mass from atrophy induced by type 1 diabetes mellitus. Our findings could suggest that targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system, Ampk and muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligases such as Atrogin-1 and Traf6 may be an effective strategy for molecular and clinical intervention in the muscle wasting pathological process in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Maurotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Angelo Galluccio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosario Mare
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Miriam Frosina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Rita Noto
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Romeo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.,Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases (CR METDIS), University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montalcini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.,Research Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Diseases (CR METDIS), University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
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12
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Le Corre A, Caron N, Turpin NA, Dalleau G. Mechanisms underlying altered neuromuscular function in people with DPN. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023:10.1007/s00421-023-05150-2. [PMID: 36763123 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05150-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes alters numerous physiological functions and can lead to disastrous consequences in the long term. Neuromuscular function is particularly affected and is impacted early, offering an opportunity to detect the onset of diabetes-related dysfunctions and follow the advancement of the disease. The role of physical training for counteracting the deleterious effects of diabetes is well accepted but at the same time, it appears difficult to reliably assess the effects of exercise on functional capacity in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). In this paper, we will review the specific characteristics of various neuromuscular dysfunctions associated with diabetes according to the DPN presence or not, and their changes over time. We present several propositions regarding the onset of neuromuscular alterations in people with diabetes compared to people with DPN. It appears that motor unit loss and neuromuscular transmission impairment are among the main mechanisms explaining the considerable degradation of neuromuscular function in the transition from a diabetic to neuropathic state. Rate of force development and contractile properties could start to decrease with the onset of preferential type II fiber atrophy, commonly reported in people with DPN. Finally, Mmax amplitude could decrease with neuromuscular fatigue only in people with DPN, reflecting the fatigue-related neuromuscular transmission impairment reported in people with DPN. In this review, we show that the different neuromuscular parameters are altered at different stages of diabetes, according to the presence of DPN or not. The precise evaluation of these parameters might participate in adapting the physical training prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonin Le Corre
- IRISSE (EA 4075), UFR SHE, University of La Réunion, 117 Rue du Général Ailleret, 97430, Le Tampon, France.
| | - Nathan Caron
- IRISSE (EA 4075), UFR SHE, University of La Réunion, 117 Rue du Général Ailleret, 97430, Le Tampon, France
| | - Nicolas A Turpin
- IRISSE (EA 4075), UFR SHE, University of La Réunion, 117 Rue du Général Ailleret, 97430, Le Tampon, France
| | - Georges Dalleau
- IRISSE (EA 4075), UFR SHE, University of La Réunion, 117 Rue du Général Ailleret, 97430, Le Tampon, France
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13
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Role of Impaired Glycolysis in Perturbations of Amino Acid Metabolism in Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021724. [PMID: 36675238 PMCID: PMC9863464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The most frequent alterations in plasma amino acid concentrations in type 1 and type 2 diabetes are decreased L-serine and increased branched-chain amino acid (BCAA; valine, leucine, and isoleucine) levels. The likely cause of L-serine deficiency is decreased synthesis of 3-phosphoglycerate, the main endogenous precursor of L-serine, due to impaired glycolysis. The BCAA levels increase due to decreased supply of pyruvate and oxaloacetate from glycolysis, enhanced supply of NADH + H+ from beta-oxidation, and subsequent decrease in the flux through the citric acid cycle in muscles. These alterations decrease the supply of α-ketoglutarate for BCAA transamination and the activity of branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase, the rate-limiting enzyme in BCAA catabolism. L-serine deficiency contributes to decreased synthesis of phospholipids and increased synthesis of deoxysphinganines, which play a role in diabetic neuropathy, impaired homocysteine disposal, and glycine deficiency. Enhanced BCAA levels contribute to increased levels of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan), insulin resistance, and accumulation of various metabolites, whose influence on diabetes progression is not clear. It is concluded that amino acid concentrations should be monitored in patients with diabetes, and systematic investigation is needed to examine the effects of L-serine and glycine supplementation on diabetes progression when these amino acids are decreased.
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14
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Association of HbA1c with VO 2max in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111017. [PMID: 36355100 PMCID: PMC9697838 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between glycemic control (HbA1c) and functional capacity (VO2max) in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). A systematic literature search was conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ISI Web of Knowledge for publications from January 1950 until July 2020. Randomized and observational controlled trials with a minimum number of three participants were included if cardio-pulmonary exercise tests to determine VO2max and HbA1c measurement has been performed. Pooled mean values were estimated for VO2max and HbA1c and weighted Pearson correlation and meta-regression were performed to assess the association between these parameters. We included 187 studies with a total of 3278 individuals with T1DM. The pooled mean HbA1c value was 8.1% (95%CI; 7.9−8.3%), and relative VO2max was 38.5 mL/min/kg (37.3−39.6). The pooled mean VO2max was significantly lower (36.9 vs. 40.7, p = 0.001) in studies reporting a mean HbA1c > 7.5% compared to studies with a mean HbA1c ≤ 7.5%. Weighted Pearson correlation coefficient was r = −0.19 (p < 0.001) between VO2max and HbA1c. Meta-regression adjusted for age and sex showed a significant decrease of −0.94 mL/min/kg in VO2max per HbA1c increase of 1% (p = 0.024). In conclusion, we were able to determine a statistically significant correlation between HbA1c and VO2max in individuals with T1DM. However, as the correlation was only weak, the association of HbA1c and VO2max might not be of clinical relevance in individuals with T1DM.
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15
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Zupančič B, Umek N, Ugwoke CK, Cvetko E, Horvat S, Grdadolnik J. Application of FTIR Spectroscopy to Detect Changes in Skeletal Muscle Composition Due to Obesity with Insulin Resistance and STZ-Induced Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012498. [PMID: 36293355 PMCID: PMC9603871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Age, obesity, and diabetes mellitus are pathophysiologically interconnected factors that significantly contribute to the global burden of non-communicable diseases. These metabolic conditions are associated with impaired insulin function, which disrupts the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins and can lead to structural and functional changes in skeletal muscle. Therefore, the alterations in the macromolecular composition of skeletal muscle may provide an indication of the underlying mechanisms of insulin-related disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to reveal the changes in macromolecular composition in weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing muscles of old, obese, insulin-resistant, and young streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The efficiency of FTIR spectroscopy was evaluated by comparison with the results of gold-standard histochemical techniques. The differences in biomolecular phenotypes and the alterations in muscle composition in relation to their functional properties observed from FTIR spectra suggest that FTIR spectroscopy can detect most of the changes observed in muscle tissue by histochemical analyses and more. Therefore, it could be used as an effective alternative because it allows for the complete characterization of macromolecular composition in a single, relatively simple experiment, avoiding some obvious drawbacks of histochemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zupančič
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Umek
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (N.U.); (J.G.)
| | | | - Erika Cvetko
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Horvat
- Chair for Genetics, Biotechnology and Immunology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1230 Domžale, Slovenia
| | - Jože Grdadolnik
- Laboratory for Molecular Structural Dynamics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (N.U.); (J.G.)
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16
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Tan S, Gunendi Z, Meray J, Yetkin İ. The evaluation of muscle strength and architecture in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:153. [PMID: 35668406 PMCID: PMC9172182 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01062-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to compare muscle strength and architecture between type 1 diabetes patients and healthy volunteers and to assess whether there is an ultrasonographic structural change in this population. METHODS Thirty-two patients with T1D (23 female, 9 male) with an age average of 31.3 ± 8.7 years, matched in terms of age, gender, height, weight and physical activity were included in the study. In the T1D and control group, ultrasonographic measurements of quadriceps femoris muscle (RF, VI, VM, VL) and pennate angle (VI, VM, VL) were performed. Muscle strength values were measured using isokinetic dynamometer system at angular velocities of 60º/s and 180º/s in both groups. RESULTS Initially, both groups were similar in demographic and clinical characteristics (p > 0.05). In the T1D group, there was a statistically significant difference in flexion/extension peak torque measurements at an angular velocity of 60º/s compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In support of these isokinetic measurements, RF, VI, VM, VL muscle thicknesses and VI, VM pennate angle measurements in T1Ds were significantly lower (p < 0.05). When the T1D group was subgrouped according to HbA1C and diabetes duration, there was no significant difference in ultrasonographic and isokinetic measurements between the two groups (p > 0.05). When the T1D group was subgrouped, in the group that used insulin pump RF, VI, VM muscle thickness measurements were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the group using subcutaneous insulin. CONCLUSIONS This study supports that muscle strength and architecture are adversely affected in the T1D patient group, insulin deficiency is a risk factor for sarcopenia and this can be shown through ultrasonography. It can also be said that insulin pump use has more positive effects in terms of diabetic myopathy than subcutaneous insulin, and diabetic myopathy develops independently of other diabetic complications. As a result, the muscle architecture of T1D people is adversely affected by insulin deprivation, so regular physical activity should be an integral part of diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Tan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Polatli Duatepe State Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Zafer Gunendi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jale Meray
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlhan Yetkin
- Department of Endocrinology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Catinelli BB, Rossignoli PS, Floriano JF, Carr AM, de Oliveira RG, Dos Santos NJ, Úbeda LCC, Spadella MA, Hallur RLS, Sobrevia L, Felisbino SL, Calderon IMP, Barbosa AMP, Rudge MVC. Reversal of diabetic-induced myopathy by swimming exercise in pregnant rats: a translational intervention study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7375. [PMID: 35513450 PMCID: PMC9072313 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) plus rectus abdominis muscle (RAM) myopathy predicts long-term urinary incontinence (UI). Atrophic and stiff RAM are characteristics of diabetes-induced myopathy (DiM) in pregnant rats. This study aimed to determine whether swimming exercise (SE) has a therapeutic effect in mild hyperglycemic pregnant rats model. We hypothesized that SE training might help to reverse RAM DiM. Mild hyperglycemic pregnant rats model was obtained by a unique subcutaneous injection of 100 mg/kg streptozotocin (diabetic group) or citrate buffer (non-diabetic group) on the first day of life in Wistar female newborns. At 90 days of life, the rats are mated and randomly allocated to remain sedentary or subjected to a SE protocol. The SE protocol started at gestational day 0 and consisted of 60 min/day for 6 days/week in a period of 20 days in a swim tunnel. On day 21, rats were sacrificed, and RAM was collected and studied by picrosirius red, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy. The SE protocol increased the fiber area and diameter, and the slow-twitch and fast-twitch fiber area and diameter in the diabetic exercised group, a finding was also seen in control sedentary animals. There was a decreased type I collagen but not type III collagen area and showed a similar type I/type III ratio compared with the control sedentary group. In conclusion, SE during pregnancy reversed the RAM DiM in pregnant rats. These findings may be a potential protocol to consider in patients with RAM damage caused by GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna B Catinelli
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Rossignoli
- Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Philosophy and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana F Floriano
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline M Carr
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael G de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilton J Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology (IB), UNICAMP, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lara C C Úbeda
- University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Raghavendra L S Hallur
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Loni, Rahata Taluk, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra, 413736, India
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8330024, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012, Seville, Spain.,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia.,Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sérgio L Felisbino
- Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iracema M P Calderon
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angélica M P Barbosa
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Philosophy and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilza V C Rudge
- Postgraduate Program on Tocogynecology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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18
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Dimou A, Tsimihodimos V, Bairaktari E. The Critical Role of the Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) Catabolism-Regulating Enzymes, Branched-Chain Aminotransferase (BCAT) and Branched-Chain α-Keto Acid Dehydrogenase (BCKD), in Human Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23074022. [PMID: 35409380 PMCID: PMC8999875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), leucine, isoleucine and valine, are essential amino acids widely studied for their crucial role in the regulation of protein synthesis mainly through the activation of the mTOR signaling pathway and their emerging recognition as players in the regulation of various physiological and metabolic processes, such as glucose homeostasis. BCAA supplementation is primarily used as a beneficial nutritional intervention in chronic liver and kidney disease as well as in muscle wasting disorders. However, downregulated/upregulated plasma BCAAs and their defective catabolism in various tissues, mainly due to altered enzymatic activity of the first two enzymes in their catabolic pathway, BCAA aminotransferase (BCAT) and branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD), have been investigated in many nutritional and disease states. The current review focused on the underlying mechanisms of altered BCAA catabolism and its contribution to the pathogenesis of a numerous pathological conditions such as diabetes, heart failure and cancer. In addition, we summarize findings that indicate that the recovery of the dysregulated BCAA catabolism may be associated with an improved outcome and the prevention of serious disease complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Dimou
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Vasilis Tsimihodimos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Eleni Bairaktari
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-26510-07620
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19
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Ehara H, Takafuji Y, Tatsumi K, Okada K, Mizukami Y, Kawao N, Matsuo O, Kaji H. Role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in muscle wasting induced by a diabetic state in female mice. Endocr J 2021; 68:1421-1428. [PMID: 34248092 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting is a complication in patients with diabetes and leads to a reduced quality of life. However, the detailed mechanisms of diabetes-induced muscle wasting remain unknown. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a serine protease inhibitor that suppresses plasminogen activator activity, is involved in the pathophysiology of various diseases, including diabetes. In the present study, we examined the role of endogenous PAI-1 in the decrease in muscle mass and the impaired grip strength induced by the diabetic state by employing streptozotocin (STZ)-treated PAI-1-deficient female mice. The analyses of skeletal muscles and grip strength were performed in PAI-1-deficient and wild-type mice 4 weeks after the induction of a diabetic state by STZ administration. PAI-1 deficiency did not affect muscle mass in the lower limbs measured by quantitative computed tomography or tissue weights of the tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius and soleus muscles of female mice with or without STZ treatment. On the other hand, PAI-1 deficiency significantly aggravated grip strength decreased by STZ in female mice. PAI-1 deficiency did not affect the mRNA levels of Pax7, MyoD, myogenin or myosin heavy chain in either the tibialis anterior or soleus muscles of female mice with or without STZ treatment. In conclusion, we revealed for the first time that PAI-1 deficiency aggravates grip strength impaired by the diabetic state in female mice, although it did not affect diabetes-decreased muscle mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ehara
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Takafuji
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kohei Tatsumi
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Okada
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Yuya Mizukami
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kawao
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Osamu Matsuo
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kaji
- Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama 589-8511, Japan
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Wróbel M, Rokicka D, Gołaś A, Drozd M, Nowowiejska-Wiewióra A, Pyka Ł, Stołtny T, Gąsior M, Strojek K. Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training Performed under Conditions of Normobaric Hypoxia and Normoxia Has the Same Impact on Metabolic Control in Men with Type 1 Diabetes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13058. [PMID: 34948667 PMCID: PMC8701162 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim was to assess whether combined aerobic and resistance training performed under hypoxic and normoxic conditions had an impact on diabetes control, VO2max (maximum oxygen consumption), and echocardiological and anthropometric parameters in men with long-term type 1 diabetes. (2) Methods: Sixteen male participants (mean age: 37 years, mean HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin): 7.0%) were randomly assigned to two groups: training in normoxic conditions or training in conditions of altitude hypoxia. All subjects participated in 60 min combined aerobic and resistance training sessions twice a week for 6 weeks. At baseline and in the 6th week, echocardiography, incremental exercise test, and anthropometric and diabetes control parameters were assessed. (3) Results: After 6 weeks, there was no significant change in HbA1c value in any group. We noted a more stable glycemia profile during training in the hypoxia group (p > 0.05). Patients in the hypoxia group required less carbohydrates during training than in the normoxia group. A comparable increase in VO2max was observed in both groups (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences in cardiological and anthropometric parameters. (4) Conclusions: Combined aerobic and resistance training improved VO2max after 6 weeks regardless of the conditions of the experiments. This exercise is safe in terms of glycemic control in patients with well-controlled diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wróbel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Cardiometabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medical Sciences Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (D.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Dominika Rokicka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Cardiometabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medical Sciences Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (D.R.); (K.S.)
| | - Artur Gołaś
- Department of Sports Training, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Miłosz Drozd
- Department of Sports Training, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (M.D.)
| | - Alicja Nowowiejska-Wiewióra
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (A.N.-W.); (Ł.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Łukasz Pyka
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (A.N.-W.); (Ł.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Tomasz Stołtny
- District Hospital of Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery in Piekary Śląskie, 41-940 Piekary Śląskie, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Gąsior
- 3rd Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (A.N.-W.); (Ł.P.); (M.G.)
| | - Krzysztof Strojek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Cardiometabolic Disorders, Faculty of Medical Sciences Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (D.R.); (K.S.)
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21
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Efthymiadou A, Vasilakis IA, Giannakopoulos A, Chrysis D. Myostatin serum levels in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Hormones (Athens) 2021; 20:777-782. [PMID: 34486100 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-021-00317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can cause several complications, among them myopathy, which can appear even in adolescents. This is of importance, since skeletal muscle is the largest of the insulin-sensitive tissues and thus plays a significant role in glucose homeostasis. A prime regulator of skeletal muscle mass is myostatin, a protein which has a negative role in skeletal muscle development but also in glucose homeostasis, causing insulin resistance. Since myopathy is a complication of T1DM and myostatin is a fundamental regulator of skeletal muscle and is also involved in glucose homeostasis, we investigated the serum levels of myostatin in children with T1DM. METHODS We determined myostatin serum levels using ELISA in 87 children with T1DM aged 10.62 ± 3.94 years, and in 75 healthy children aged 10.46 ± 3.32 years old. RESULTS Myοstatin was significantly elevated in T1DM compared to the healthy control children (23.60 ± 7.70 vs 16.74 ± 6.95 ng/ml, p < 0.0001). Myostatin was not correlated with body mass index (BMI) SD or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). CONCLUSION Children with T1DM have significantly higher serum levels of myostatin compared to healthy children of the same age and BMI SD. The elevated myostatin in T1DM could reflect impaired muscle function and/or glucose metabolism, or could represent a homeostatic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Efthymiadou
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Rion 26504, Greece
| | - Ioannis-Anargyros Vasilakis
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Rion 26504, Greece
- First Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Giannakopoulos
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Rion 26504, Greece
| | - Dionisios Chrysis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Rion 26504, Greece.
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22
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Liu J, Yu D, Xu M, Feng R, Sun Y, Yin X, Lai H, Wang C, Liu J. β-Cell function is associated with osteosarcopenia in middle-aged and older nonobese patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1583-1590. [PMID: 34722893 PMCID: PMC8530249 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a strong risk tfactor for osteosarcopenia. The relationship between musculoskeletal index and β-cell function remains controversial. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of osteosarcopenia and to explore the association between osteosarcopenia and β-cell function, as well as insulin resistance in patients with T2DM. A total of 150 middle-aged and older nonobese patients with T2DM were recruited. Bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition were measured by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and Matsuda index were used to evaluate insulin resistance status. β-Cell function was estimated by the area under the curve insulin/glucose (AUC-Ins/Glu) and the area under the curve C-peptide/glucose (AUC-CP/Glu). T2DM patients with osteosarcopenia had lower body mass index, waist circumference, body fat percentage, AUC-Ins/Glu, and AUC-CP/Glu. Both AUC-Ins/Glu (OR = 0.634, P = 0.008) and AUC-CP/Glu (OR = 0.491, P = 0.009) were negatively associated with the presence of osteosarcopenia. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that β-cell function was positively associated with the skeletal muscle mass index, whereas it showed no correlation with lumbar or hip BMD. β-Cell function is associated with osteosarcopenia in middle-aged and older nonobese patients with T2DM. These findings suggest that β-cell function might be a protective factor against osteosarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jidong Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Dongqing Yu
- Department III of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Mingyue Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ruiying Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yujing Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hong Lai
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shandong Province medicine & health, Jinan, 250012, China
- Jinan Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
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23
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Dial AG, Grafham GK, Monaco CMF, Voth J, Brandt L, Tarnopolsky MA, Hawke TJ. Alterations in skeletal muscle repair in young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C876-C883. [PMID: 34586898 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00322.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Though preclinical models of type 1 diabetes (T1D) exhibit impaired muscle regeneration, this has yet to be investigated in humans with T1D. Here, we investigated the impact of damaging exercise (eccentric quadriceps contractions) in 18 physically active young adults with and without T1D. Pre- and postexercise (48 h and 96 h), the participants provided blood samples, vastus lateralis biopsies, and performed maximal voluntary quadriceps contractions (MVCs). Skeletal muscle sarcolemmal integrity, extracellular matrix (ECM) content, and satellite cell (SC) content/proliferation were assessed by immunofluorescence. Transmission electron microscopy was used to quantify ultrastructural damage. MVC was comparable between T1D and controls before exercise. Postexercise, MVC was decreased in both groups, but subjects with T1D exhibited moderately lower strength recovery at both 48 h and 96 h. Serum creatine kinase, an indicator of muscle damage, was moderately higher in participants with T1D at rest and exhibited a small elevation 96 h postexercise. Participants with T1D showed lower SC content at all timepoints and demonstrated a moderate delay in SC proliferation after exercise. A greater number of myofibers exhibited sarcolemmal damage (disrupted dystrophin) and increased ECM (laminin) content in participants with T1D despite no differences between groups in ultrastructural damage as assessed by electron microscopy. Finally, transcriptomic analyses revealed dysregulated gene networks involving RNA translation and mitochondrial respiration, providing potential explanations for previous observations of mitochondrial dysfunction in similar cohorts with T1D. Our findings indicate that skeletal muscle in young adults with moderately controlled T1D is altered after damaging exercise, suggesting that longer recovery times following intense exercise may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athan G Dial
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grace K Grafham
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cynthia M F Monaco
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Voth
- Research and Evaluation Services Department, Hôtel-Dieu Grace Healthcare, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda Brandt
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology & Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Schisandrae chinensis Fructus Extract Ameliorates Muscle Atrophy in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice by Downregulation of the CREB-KLF15 and Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathways. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092283. [PMID: 34571935 PMCID: PMC8469055 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Many patients with type 1 diabetes experience skeletal muscle wasting. Although the link between type 1 diabetes and muscle wasting is not clearly known, insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia may contribute to decreased muscle mass. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of the ethanolic extract of Schisandrae chinensis Fructus (SFe) on muscle wasting in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. STZ-diabetic C57BL/6 mice (blood glucose level ≥300 mg/dL) were orally administered SFe (250 or 500 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. We observed that SFe administration did not change blood glucose levels but increased gastrocnemius muscle weight, cross-sectional area, and grip strength in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Administration of SFe (500 mg/kg) decreased the expression of atrophic factors, such as MuRF1 and atrogin-1, but did not alter the expression of muscle synthetic factors. Further studies showed that SFe administration decreased the expression of KLF15 and p-CREB, which are upstream molecules of atrophic factors. Examination of the expression of molecules involved in autophagy–lysosomal pathways (e.g., p62/SQSTM1, Atg7, Beclin-1, ULK-1, LC3-I, and LC3-II) revealed that SFe administration significantly decreased the expression of p62/SQSTM1, LC3-I, and LC3-II; however, no changes were observed in the expression of Atg7, Beclin-1, or ULK-1. Our results suggest that SFe ameliorated muscle wasting in STZ-induced diabetic mice by decreasing protein degradation via downregulation of the CREB-KLF15-mediated UPS system and the p62/SQSTM1-mediated autophagy–lysosomal pathway.
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25
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Youssef AM, Mohamed DA, Hussein S, Abdullah DM, Abdelrahman SA. Effects of Quercetin and Coenzyme Q10 on Biochemical, Molecular, and Morphological Parameters of Skeletal Muscle in Trained Diabetic Rats. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:239-251. [PMID: 34061009 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210521170339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects the musculoskeletal system through its metabolic perturbations. Exercise modulates blood sugar levels and increases the body's sensitivity to insulin in patients with DM. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of combined quercetin and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplements with or without exercise on the histological, biochemical and molecular structures of diabetic rat's skeletal muscle. METHOD A total of 64 adult male albino rats were divided into six groups: control, trained nondiabetic, non-trained diabetic, diabetic rats treated with combined CoQ10 and quercetin, diabetic rats with treadmill training, and diabetic rats treated with treadmill training and CoQ10 and quercetin. Blood and skeletal muscle samples were obtained from all groups for routine histological examination and biochemical determination of cytokine levels and protein activities. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and morphometric analysis of PAS and Bax expressions were also performed. RESULTS Biochemical analysis revealed improvement in all studied parameters with combined CoQ10 and quercetin than exercise training alone. Combined treatment and exercise showed significant improvement in all parameters especially interleukin 6 and malondialdehyde. Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) expression and irisin levels increased in all trained groups but combined treatment with exercise significantly increased their levels than exercise alone. Histological analysis revealed improvement after exercise or combined treatment; however, when exercise was combined with CoQ10 and quercetin, marked improvement was observed. CONCLUSION the combination of CoQ10 and quercetin could be promising in preserving musculoskeletal function in patients with DM concomitantly with physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Youssef
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Taibah University, Medinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia A Mohamed
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samia Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Abdullah
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa A Abdelrahman
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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26
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Trevisan CSC, Garcia-Araújo AS, Duarte ACGO, Furino VO, Russo TL, Fujimoto A, Souza HCD, Jaenisch RB, Arena R, Borghi-Silva A. Effects of respiratory muscle training on parasympathetic activity in diabetes mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e10865. [PMID: 34008758 PMCID: PMC8130104 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2020e10865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study verified the effects of respiratory muscle training (RMT) on hemodynamics, heart rate (HR) variability, and muscle morphology in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM). Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomized into 4 groups and 34 completed the study: i) sham-sedentary (Sham-ST; n=9); ii) sham-RMT (Sham-RMT; n=9); iii) DM-sedentary (DM-ST; n=8); and iv) DM-RMT (DM-RMT; n=8). Hemodynamics were assessed by central cannulation, and R-R intervals were measured by electrocardiogram. In addition, the effects of RMT on the cross-sectional area of the diaphragm, anterior tibial, and soleus muscles were analyzed. The induction of DM by streptozotocin resulted in weight loss, hyperglycemia, reduced blood pressure, and attenuated left ventricular contraction and relaxation (P<0.05). We also observed a decrease in root mean square of successive differences between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD) index and in the cross-sectional area of the muscles assessed, specifically the diaphragm, soleus, and anterior tibial muscles in diabetic rats (P<0.05). Interestingly, RMT led to an increase in RMSSD in rats with DM (P<0.05). The induction of DM produced profound deleterious changes in the diaphragmatic and peripheral muscles, as well as impairments in cardiovascular hemodynamics and autonomic control. Nevertheless, RMT may beneficially attenuate autonomic changes and improve parasympathetic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S C Trevisan
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - A S Garcia-Araújo
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - A C G O Duarte
- Departamento de Educação Física e Motricidade Humana, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - V O Furino
- Departamento de Educação Física e Motricidade Humana, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - T L Russo
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - A Fujimoto
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - H C D Souza
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Fisioterapia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - R B Jaenisch
- Departamento de Fisioterapia e Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - R Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A Borghi-Silva
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brasil
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27
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Rahmati M, Taherabadi SJ. The effects of exercise training on Kinesin and GAP-43 expression in skeletal muscle fibers of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9535. [PMID: 33953268 PMCID: PMC8099856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinesin-1 and Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43) localization in muscle fiber are crucial for proper skeletal muscle hypertrophy. To evaluate this assumption, we investigated the beneficial effects of endurance training on GAP-43 and Kinesin Family Member 5B (KIF5B) expression in gastrocnemius muscle of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Fifty-two male rats were randomly divided into four groups: healthy control (C), healthy trained (T), diabetic control (DC) and diabetic trained (DT). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg/kg). The rats in DT and T groups were subjected to treadmill running for 5 days a week over 6 weeks. The results indicated that the GAP-43 and KIF5B protein levels in the DC group were significantly lower than those in the C group. Additionally, chronic treadmill running in diabetic rats was accompanied by significant increase of GAP-43 and KIF5B protein expression, compared to DC group. Furthermore, the endurance training in healthy rats was associated with a significant increase of GAP-43 and KIF5B protein levels. In addition, we found positive correlation between GAP-43 and KIF5B protein levels and myonuclear number per fiber and average gastrocnemius cross-sectional area (CSA). GAP43 and KIF5B protein levels were decreased in skeletal muscles of diabetic rats, and exercise training had beneficial effects and could restore their abnormal expression. Moreover, there is a strong relationship between muscle hypertrophy and GAP-43 and KIF5B protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Jalal Taherabadi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
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28
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Exercise Training and Neuromuscular Parameters in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:748-756. [PMID: 33952708 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to systematically review the literature on the effects of physical training on neuromuscular parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS The PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and COCHRANE databases were accessed in September 2020. Clinical trials that evaluated the effects of physical training on neuromuscular parameters (maximum strength, resistance strength, muscle power, muscle quality, and muscle thickness) of patients with T1DM compared with a control group were considered eligible. The results were presented as the standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals. Effect size (ES) calculations were performed using the fixed effect method, with α = .05. RESULTS Combined training increased the maximum strength levels in individuals with T1DM to a lesser extent than in healthy individuals (ES: 0.363; P = .038). Strength training increased the maximum strength (ES: 1.067; P < .001), as well as combined training (ES: 0.943; P < .001); both compared with aerobic training in patients with T1DM. Strength training increased the maximum strength in a similar magnitude to combined training in patients with T1DM (ES: -0.114; P = .624). CONCLUSION Both combined training and strength training represent effective strategies for improving the maximum strength in individuals with T1DM.
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29
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Fel S, Rochette E, Walther G, Echaubard S, Pereira B, Merlin E, Terral D, Duché P. Maximal Fat Oxidation During Exercise Is Already Impaired in Pre-pubescent Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Physiol 2021; 12:664211. [PMID: 33897473 PMCID: PMC8062964 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.664211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We evaluated substrate utilization during submaximal exercise, together with glycemic responses and hormonal counter-regulation to exercise, in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: Twelve pre-pubescent children with T1DM and 12 healthy children were matched by sex and age. Participants completed a submaximal incremental exercise test to determine their fat and carbohydrate oxidation rates by indirect calorimetry. Levels of glycemia, glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone, noradrenaline, adrenaline, and insulin were monitored until 120 min post-exercise. Results: Absolute peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) was significantly lower in the children with T1DM than in the healthy controls (1131.4 ± 102.5 vs. 1383.0 ± 316.6 ml.min−1, p = 0.03). Overall carbohydrate and lipid oxidation rates were the same in the two groups, but for exercise intensities, higher than 50% of VO2 peak, fat oxidation rate was significantly lower in the children with T1DM. The absolute maximal lipid oxidation rate was significantly lower in the T1DM children (158.1 ± 31.6 vs. 205.4 ± 42.1 mg.min−1, p = 0.005), and they reached a significantly lower exercise power than the healthy controls (26.4 ± 1.2 vs. 35.4 ± 3.3 W, p = 0.03). Blood glucose responses to exercise were negatively correlated with pre-exercise blood glucose concentrations (r = −0.67; p = 0.03). Conclusion: Metabolic and hormonal responses during sub-maximal exercise are impaired in young children with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solenne Fel
- Pédiatrie Générale et Multidisciplinaire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuelle Rochette
- Pédiatrie Générale et Multidisciplinaire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM, CIC 1405, Unité CRECHE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Laboratoire IAPS, Université de Toulon, Toulon, France
| | | | - Stéphane Echaubard
- Pédiatrie Générale et Multidisciplinaire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Délégation de la Recherche Clinique et Innovations, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Etienne Merlin
- Pédiatrie Générale et Multidisciplinaire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INSERM, CIC 1405, Unité CRECHE, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INRA, UMR 1019 UNH, ECREIN, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Terral
- Pédiatrie Générale et Multidisciplinaire, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pascale Duché
- Laboratoire IAPS, Université de Toulon, Toulon, France
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30
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Alarcón-Gómez J, Martin Rivera F, Madera J, Chulvi-Medrano I. Effect of a HIIT protocol on the lower limb muscle power, ankle dorsiflexion and dynamic balance in a sedentary type 1 diabetes mellitus population: a pilot study. PeerJ 2021; 8:e10510. [PMID: 33391875 PMCID: PMC7759140 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is commonly associated with premature loss of muscle function, ankle dorsiflexion and dynamic balance. Those impairments, usually, lead to physical functionality deterioration. High-intensity interval training is an efficient and safety methodology since it prevents hypoglycemia and not requires much time, which are the main barriers for this population to practice exercise and increase physical conditioning. We hypothesized that a 6-week HIIT program performed on a cycle ergometer would increase lower limb muscle power, ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and dynamic balance without hypoglycemic situations. Methods A total of 19 diagnosed T1DM subjects were randomly assigned to HIIT group (n = 11; 6-week HIIT protocol) or Control group (n = 8; no treatment). Lower limb strength was evaluated through velocity execution in squat with three different overloads. Weight bearing lunge test (WBLT) was performed to test ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and Y-Balance test (YBT) was the test conducted to analyze dynamic balance performance. Results Velocity in squat improved a 11.3%, 9.4% and 10.1% (p < 0.05) with the 50%, 60% and 70% of their own body mass overload respectively, WBLT performance increased a 10.43% in the right limb and 15.45% in the left limb. YBT showed improvements in all directions (right limb-left limb): Anterior (4.3–6.1%), Posteromedial (1.8–5.2%) and Posterolateral (3.4–4.5%) in HIIT group (p < 0.05), unlike control group that did not experience any significant change in any of the variables (p > 0.05). Conclusion A 6-week HIIT program is safe and effective to improve execution velocity in squat movement, a fundamental skill in daily living activities, as well as ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and dynamic balance to reduce foot ulcers, risk falls and functional impairments. HIIT seems an efficient and safety training methodology not only for overcome T1DM barriers for exercising but also for improving functional capacities in T1DM people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Alarcón-Gómez
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Martin Rivera
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Joaquin Madera
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iván Chulvi-Medrano
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Yin L, Chen X, Li N, Jia W, Wang N, Hou B, Yang H, Zhang L, Qiang G, Yang X, Du G. Puerarin ameliorates skeletal muscle wasting and fiber type transformation in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:110977. [PMID: 33249280 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Puerarin is an isoflavonoid extracted from Pueraria lobate with extensive pharmacological effects in traditional Chinese medicine. The evidence implicates that puerarin mitigates hyperglycemia and various relevant complications. Here, the effect of puerarin on skeletal muscle wasting induced by type 1 diabetes (T1D) was explored. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were used in this study. Muscle strength, weight and size were measured. L6 rat skeletal muscle cells were applied for in vitro study. Our results showed that eight-week oral puerarin administration (100 mg/kg) increased muscle strengths and weights accompanied by enhanced skeletal muscle cross-sectional areas in diabetic rats. Simultaneously, puerarin also reduced expressions of several muscle wasting marker genes including F-box only protein 32 (Atrogin-1) and muscle-specific RING-finger 1 (Murf-1) in diabetic group both in vitro and in vivo. Transformation from type I fibers (slow muscle) to type II fibers (fast muscle) were also observed under puerarin administration in diabetic rats. Puerarin promoted Akt/mTOR while inhibited LC3/p62 signaling pathway in skeletal muscle cells. In conclusion, our study showed that puerarin mitigated skeletal muscle wasting in T1D rats and closely related with Akt/mTOR activation and autophagy inhibition. Whether this effect in murine applies to humans remains to be determined.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Line
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Isoflavones/pharmacology
- Male
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/pathology
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/pathology
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Muscle Strength/drug effects
- Muscular Atrophy/etiology
- Muscular Atrophy/metabolism
- Muscular Atrophy/pathology
- Muscular Atrophy/prevention & control
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases/genetics
- SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Streptozocin
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Tripartite Motif Proteins/genetics
- Tripartite Motif Proteins/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Weihua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Nuoqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Biyu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Haiguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Guifen Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China
| | - Xiuying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, PR China.
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Tyagi O, Zhu Y, Johnson C, Mehta RK, Sasangohar F, Erraguntla M, Qaraqe K. Neural Signatures of Handgrip Fatigue in Type 1 Diabetic Men and Women. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:564969. [PMID: 33240061 PMCID: PMC7680760 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.564969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with reduced muscular strength and greater muscle fatigability. Along with changes in muscular mechanisms, T1D is also linked to structural changes in the brain. How the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying muscle fatigue is altered with T1D and sex related differences of these mechanisms are still not well investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of T1D on the neural correlates of handgrip fatigue and examine sex and T1D related differences in neuromuscular performance parameters, neural activation and functional connectivity patterns between the motor regions of the brain. Forty-two adults, balanced by condition (healthy vs T1D) and sex (male vs female), and performed submaximal isometric handgrip contractions until voluntary exhaustion. Initial strength, endurance time, strength loss, force variability, and complexity measures were collected. Additionally, hemodynamic responses from motor-function related cortical regions, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), were obtained. Overall, females exhibited lower initial strength (p < 0.0001), and greater strength loss (p = 0.023) than males. While initial strength was significantly lower in the T1D group (p = 0.012) compared to the healthy group, endurance times and strength loss were comparable between the two groups. Force complexity, measured as approximate entropy, was found to be lower throughout the experiment for the T1D group (p = 0.0378), indicating lower online motor adaptability. Although, T1D and healthy groups fatigued similarly, only the T1D group exhibited increased neural activation in the left (p = 0.095) and right (p = 0.072) supplementary motor areas (SMA) over time. A sex × condition × fatigue interaction effect (p = 0.044) showed that while increased activation was observed in both T1D females and healthy males from the Early to Middle phase, this was not observed in healthy females or T1D males. These findings demonstrate that T1D adults had lower adaptability to fatigue which they compensated for by increasing neural effort. This study highlights the importance of examining both neural and motor performance signatures when investigating the impact of chronic conditions on neuromuscular fatigue. Additionally, the findings have implications for developing intervention strategies for training, rehabilitation, and ergonomics considerations for individuals with chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oshin Tyagi
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Yibo Zhu
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Connor Johnson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ranjana K. Mehta
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Farzan Sasangohar
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Madhav Erraguntla
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Khalid Qaraqe
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University at Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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Holeček M, Vodeničarovová M, Fingrová R. Dual Effects of Beta-Hydroxy-Beta-Methylbutyrate (HMB) on Amino Acid, Energy, and Protein Metabolism in the Liver and Muscles of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Type 1 Diabetes. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111475. [PMID: 33114049 PMCID: PMC7690735 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyrate (HMB) is a unique product of leucine catabolism with positive effects on protein balance. We have examined the effects of HMB (200 mg/kg/day via osmotic pump for 7 days) on rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally). STZ induced severe diabetes associated with muscle wasting, decreased ATP in the liver, and increased α-ketoglutarate in muscles. In plasma, liver, and muscles increased branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; valine, isoleucine, and leucine) and decreased serine. The decreases in mass and protein content of muscles and increases in BCAA concentration were more pronounced in extensor digitorum longus (fast-twitch muscle) than in soleus muscle (slow-twitch muscle). HMB infusion to STZ-treated animals increased glycemia and serine in the liver, decreased BCAAs in plasma and muscles, and decreased ATP in the liver and muscles. The effects of HMB on the weight and protein content of tissues were nonsignificant. We concluded that fast-twitch muscles are more sensitive to STZ than slow-twitch muscles and that HMB administration to STZ-treated rats has dual effects. Adjustments of BCAA concentrations in plasma and muscles and serine in the liver can be considered beneficial, whereas the increased glycemia and decreased ATP concentrations in the liver and muscles are detrimental.
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PAI-1, the Plasminogen System, and Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197066. [PMID: 32993026 PMCID: PMC7582753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The plasminogen system is a critical proteolytic system responsible for the remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The master regulator of the plasminogen system, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), has been implicated for its role in exacerbating various disease states not only through the accumulation of ECM (i.e., fibrosis) but also its role in altering cell fate/behaviour. Examination of PAI-1 has extended through various tissues and cell-types with recent investigations showing its presence in skeletal muscle. In skeletal muscle, the role of this protein has been implicated throughout the regeneration process, and in skeletal muscle pathologies (muscular dystrophy, diabetes, and aging-driven pathology). Needless to say, the complete function of this protein in skeletal muscle has yet to be fully elucidated. Given the importance of skeletal muscle in maintaining overall health and quality of life, it is critical to understand the alterations—particularly in PAI-1—that occur to negatively impact this organ. Thus, we provide a comprehensive review of the importance of PAI-1 in skeletal muscle health and function. We aim to shed light on the relevance of this protein in skeletal muscle and propose potential therapeutic approaches to aid in the maintenance of skeletal muscle health.
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35
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Minnock D, Annibalini G, Le Roux CW, Contarelli S, Krause M, Saltarelli R, Valli G, Stocchi V, Barbieri E, De Vito G. Effects of acute aerobic, resistance and combined exercises on 24-h glucose variability and skeletal muscle signalling responses in type 1 diabetics. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:2677-2691. [PMID: 32909059 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04491-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the effect of high-intensity aerobic (AER), resistance (RES), and combined (COMB: RES + AER) exercise, on interstitial glucose (IG) variability and skeletal muscle signalling pathways in type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS T1D participants (6 M/6F) wore a flash glucose monitoring system in four randomized sessions: one control (CONT), and one AER, RES and COMB (40 min each). Mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), standard deviation (SD) and coefficient variation (CV) of IG were used to compare the 24 h post-exercise IG variability. Blood and muscle samples were collected to compare exercise-induced systemic and muscle signalling responses related to metabolic, growth and inflammatory adaptations. RESULTS Both RES and COMB decreased the 24 h MAGE compared to CONT; additionally, COMB decreased the 24 h SD and CV. In the 6-12 h post-exercise, all exercise modalities reduced the IG CV while SD decreased only after COMB. Both AER and COMB stimulated the PGC-1α mRNA expression and promoted the splicing of IGF-1Ea variant, while Akt and p38MAPK phosphorylation increased only after RES and COMB. Additionally, COMB enhanced eEF2 activation and RES increased myogenin and MRF4 mRNA expression. Blood lactate and glycerol levels and muscle IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1 mRNAs increased after all exercise sessions, while serum CK and LDH level did not change. CONCLUSION COMB is more effective in reducing IG fluctuations compared to single-mode AER or RES exercise. Moreover, COMB simultaneously activates muscle signalling pathways involved in substrate metabolism and anabolic adaptations, which can help to improve glycaemic control and maintain muscle health in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Minnock
- Institute for Sport and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Giosuè Annibalini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Carel W Le Roux
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Serena Contarelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mauricio Krause
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Metabolism, and Exercise Research (LAPIMEX) and Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Saltarelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giacomo Valli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Vilberto Stocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Elena Barbieri
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.,Interuniversitary Institute of Myology (IIM) Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Vito
- Institute for Sport and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Acute application of photobiomodulation does not bring important gains for the muscular performance and functionality of diabetic individuals. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:995-1002. [PMID: 32862403 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been used to improve the physical performance of individuals with advanced age; however, there are no studies in the literature that support the application of light-emitting diode (LED) therapy for the muscular performance of individuals with diabetes mellitus who show a decline in functionality. The aim of the study was to analyze the acute effects of PBMT on strength and functional performance in type 2 diabetic individuals. Sixty-three volunteers were recruited and randomized into five groups: control (C), sham (S), red LED (R), infrared LED (IR), and red LED + infrared LED (R + IR). On the first day, the volunteers were evaluated using the time up and go (TUG), the 6-min walk test (6MWT), and isokinetic dynamometer of the ankle. In the following 3 days, groups R, IR, R + IR, and S returned for application of PBMT bilaterally, with 180 J of energy on each leg. On the fifth day, a reassessment was performed. There was no statistical difference between groups for the variables of the isokinetic dynamometer, TUG, and 6MWT. Analysis of the size of the clinical effect for the isokinetic variables showed that there was no pattern among the effects observed. There is a moderate effect in favor of R, IR, and R + IR in relation to C for the TUG and a moderate effect of R + IR in relation to C for the 6MWT. The PBMT applied for a short period does not bring important gains for the muscular performance and functionality of diabetic individuals.
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Nebuloni CC, Máximo RDO, de Oliveira C, Alexandre TDS. Uncontrolled Diabetes as an Associated Factor with Dynapenia in Adults Aged 50 Years or Older: Sex Differences. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:1191-1197. [PMID: 31665234 PMCID: PMC7243578 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies demonstrate an association between diabetes and low neuromuscular strength (NMS). However, none have grouped participants into nondiabetics (ND), undiagnosed diabetics (UDD), controlled diabetics (CD), and uncontrolled diabetics (UCD) or investigated what glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c) are associated with low NMS (dynapenia) by sex. Methods We analyzed the association between UDD, CD, and UCD and dynapenia, the extent to which the different groupings of these individuals modifies this association and the association between HbA1c levels and NMS, by sex, in a cross-sectional study involving 5,290 participants ≥50 years from the ELSA study. In the first two analyses, logistic regression models were used with dynapenia (grip strength <26 kg in men and <16 kg in women) as outcome and diabetes (ND, UDD, CD, and UCD) as exposure. Next, linear regression was performed with grip strength as the outcome, and the participants were classified based on HbA1c level as exposure. The models were adjusted by sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics. Results Compared to ND, only UCD was associated with dynapenia (men OR = 2.37 95% CI 1.36–4.14; women OR = 1.67 95% CI 1.01–2.79). This association was less clear, particularly in women, when CD and UCD groups were merged. HbA1c ≥6.5% in men and ≥8.0% in women were associated with lower NMS. Conclusions UCD increases the chance of dynapenia in both sexes. The different groupings based on diabetes status modify the association between UCD and dynapenia. The threshold of HbA1c associated with reduced NMS is lower in men compared to women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice Cavalero Nebuloni
- Gerontology Graduate Program, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Brazil.,Geriatrics and Gerontology Sector, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
| | - Tiago da Silva Alexandre
- Gerontology Graduate Program, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Brazil.,Physical Therapy Graduate Program, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK.,Gerontology Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Brazil
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Carraro U. Thirty years of translational research in Mobility Medicine: Collection of abstracts of the 2020 Padua Muscle Days. Eur J Transl Myol 2020; 30:8826. [PMID: 32499887 PMCID: PMC7254447 DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.8826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
More than half a century of skeletal muscle research is continuing at Padua University (Italy) under the auspices of the Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), the European Journal of Translational Myology (EJTM) and recently also with the support of the A&CM-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy. The Volume 30(1), 2020 of the EJTM opens with the collection of abstracts for the conference "2020 Padua Muscle Days: Mobility Medicine 30 years of Translational Research". This is an international conference that will be held between March 18-21, 2020 in Euganei Hills and Padova in Italy. The abstracts are excellent examples of translational research and of the multidimensional approaches that are needed to classify and manage (in both the acute and chronic phases) diseases of Mobility that span from neurologic, metabolic and traumatic syndromes to the biological process of aging. One of the typical aim of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation is indeed to reduce pain and increase mobility enough to enable impaired persons to walk freely, garden, and drive again. The excellent contents of this Collection of Abstracts reflect the high scientific caliber of researchers and clinicians who are eager to present their results at the PaduaMuscleDays. A series of EJTM Communications will also add to this preliminary evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Carraro
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Myology (CIR-Myo), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy
- A&C M-C Foundation for Translational Myology, Padova, Italy
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Hewgley RA, Moore BT, Willingham TB, Jenkins NT, McCully KK. MUSCLE MITOCHONDRIAL CAPACITY AND ENDURANCE IN ADULTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES. MEDICAL RESEARCH ARCHIVES 2020; 8. [PMID: 34222650 DOI: 10.18103/mra.v8i2.2049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The impact of type 1 diabetes (T1D) on muscle endurance and oxidative capacity is currently unknown. Purpose Measure muscle endurance and oxidative capacity of adults with T1D compared to controls. Methods A cross-sectional study design with a control group was used. Subjects (19-37 years old) with T1D (n=17) and controls (n=17) were assessed with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and casual glucose. Muscle endurance was measured with an accelerometer at stimulation frequencies of 2, 4, and 6 Hz for a total of nine minutes. Mitochondrial capacity was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy after exercise as the rate constant of the rate of recovery of oxygen consumption. Results T1D and control groups were similar in age, sex, height, and race. The T1D group had slightly higher BMI values and adipose tissue thickness over the forearm muscles. Casual glucose was 150±70 mg/dL for T1D and 98±16 mg/dL for controls (P=0.006). HbA1c of T1D subjects was 7.1±0.9% and 5.0±0.4% for controls (P<0.01). Endurance indexes at 2, 4, and 6 Hz were 94.5±5.2%, 81.8±8.4%, and 68.6±13.5% for T1D and 94.6±4.1%, 85.9±6.3%, and 68.7±15.4% for controls (p = 0.97, 0.12, 0.99, respectively). There were no differences between groups in mitochondrial capacity (T1D= 1.9±0.5 min-1 and control=1.8±0.4 min-1, P=0.29) or reperfusion rate (T1D= 8.8±2.8s and control=10.3±3.0s, P=0.88). There were no significant correlations between HbA1c and either muscle endurance, mitochondrial capacity or reperfusion rate. Conclusions Adults with T1D did not have reduced oxidative capacity, muscle endurance or muscle reperfusion rates compared to controls. HbA1c also did not correlate with muscle endurance, mitochondrial capacity or reperfusion rates. Future studies should extend these measurements to older people or people with poorly-controlled T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley A Hewgley
- Dept. of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Bethany T Moore
- Dept. of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | | | | | - Kevin K McCully
- Dept. of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
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Monaco CMF, Perry CGR, Hawke TJ. Alterations in mitochondrial functions and morphology in muscle and non-muscle tissues in type 1 diabetes: implications for metabolic health. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:565-570. [PMID: 31826331 DOI: 10.1113/ep088096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDING What is the topic of this review? Evidence of impaired mitochondrial functions and/or morphology in people with type 1 diabetes across various organ systems. What advances does it highlight? Impairments to mitochondrial functions and morphology may be a primary mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of various complications in people with type 1 diabetes. ABSTRACT We recently made the observation that there are significant alterations to the ultrastructure and functions of mitochondria in skeletal muscle of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). These alterations are proposed to lead to decreased energy production in skeletal muscle during exercise and thus may contribute to the impaired aerobic exercise capacity reported in some people with T1D. This Symposium Review summarizes the evidence that similar alterations also occur in the mitochondria present in organ systems outside skeletal muscle in people with T1D, and that this may contribute to the development and progression of the known complications of T1D, which eventually lead to the reported premature mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M F Monaco
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher G R Perry
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Żebrowska A, Sikora M, Konarska A, Zwierzchowska A, Kamiński T, Robins A, Hall B. Moderate intensity exercise in hypoxia increases IGF-1 bioavailability and serum irisin in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab 2020; 11:2042018820925326. [PMID: 32523674 PMCID: PMC7257872 DOI: 10.1177/2042018820925326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to determine the effect of moderate intensity continuous exercise (Ex) and hypoxia (Hyp) on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), irisin and cytokines levels in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS A total of 14 individuals with T1D (age: 28.7 ± 7.3 years) and 14 healthy adults (age: 27.1 ± 3.9 years) performed 40-min continuous Ex at moderate intensity (50% lactate threshold) on a cycle ergometer in normoxia (Nor) and Hyp (FiO2 = 15.1%) Biochemical factors, glucose concentrations and physiological variables were measured at rest, immediately and up to 24 h after both Ex protocols. RESULTS Patients with T1D had significantly lower pre-Ex serum concentrations of BDNF (p < 0.05, p < 0.01), and total IGF-1 (p < 0.001, p < 0.05) and significantly higher irisin levels (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) in Nor and Hyp, compared with healthy subjects. Ex significantly increased in T1D group serum BDNF (in Nor only p < 0.05) and total IGF-1 levels in Nor and Hyp (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively). Immediately after Ex in Hyp, freeIGF-1 (p < 0.05) and irisin levels (p < 0.001) were significantly higher compared with the levels induced by Ex alone. Free IGF-1 and irisin serum levels remained elevated in 24 h post-Ex in Hyp. In T1D, significant blood glucose (BG) decrease was observed immediately after Ex in Hyp (p < 0.001) and in 24 h recovery (p < 0.001) compared with pre-Ex level. CONCLUSION The study results suggest that moderate intensity continuous Ex has beneficial effect on BDNF and IGF-1 levels. Ex in hypoxic conditions may be more effective in increasing availability of IGF-1. The alterations in the post-Ex irisin levels and IGF-1 system may be contributing to more effective glycaemia control in patients with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcin Sikora
- Department of Physiological and Medical Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Konarska
- Department of Physiological and Medical Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Kamiński
- Department of Physiological and Medical Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Robins
- School of Biological Sciences, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Salford, Salford, UK
| | - Barbara Hall
- School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK
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42
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Heyman E, Daussin F, Wieczorek V, Caiazzo R, Matran R, Berthon P, Aucouturier J, Berthoin S, Descatoire A, Leclair E, Marais G, Combes A, Fontaine P, Tagougui S. Muscle Oxygen Supply and Use in Type 1 Diabetes, From Ambient Air to the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain: Is There a Limiting Step? Diabetes Care 2020; 43:209-218. [PMID: 31636081 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long before clinical complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D) develop, oxygen supply and use can be altered during activities of daily life. We examined in patients with uncomplicated T1D all steps of the oxygen pathway, from the lungs to the mitochondria, using an integrative ex vivo (muscle biopsies) and in vivo (during exercise) approach. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We compared 16 adults with T1D with 16 strictly matched healthy control subjects. We assessed lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide, exercise-induced changes in arterial O2 content (SaO2, PaO2, hemoglobin), muscle blood volume, and O2 extraction (via near-infrared spectroscopy). We analyzed blood samples for metabolic and hormonal vasoactive moieties and factors that are able to shift the O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve. Mitochondrial oxidative capacities were assessed in permeabilized vastus lateralis muscle fibers. RESULTS Lung diffusion capacity and arterial O2 transport were normal in patients with T1D. However, those patients displayed blunted exercise-induced increases in muscle blood volume, despite higher serum insulin, and in O2 extraction, despite higher erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Although complex I- and complex II-supported mitochondrial respirations were unaltered, complex IV capacity (relative to complex I capacity) was impaired in patients with T1D, and this was even more apparent in those with long-standing diabetes and high HbA1c. [Formula: see text]O2max was lower in patients with T1D than in the control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Early defects in microvascular delivery of blood to skeletal muscle and in complex IV capacity in the mitochondrial respiratory chain may negatively impact aerobic fitness. These findings are clinically relevant considering the main role of skeletal muscle oxidation in whole-body glucose disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Heyman
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Daussin
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | | | - Robert Caiazzo
- Service de Chirurgie Générale et Endocrinienne, University Hospital of Lille, Lille, France.,UMR_1190 Recherche Translationnelle sur le Diabète, Faculté de Médecine de Lille, INSERM, Lille, France
| | - Régis Matran
- Department of Physiology, EA 2689 and IFR 22, Lille, France
| | - Phanélie Berthon
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences EA7424, University of Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | - Julien Aucouturier
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | - Serge Berthoin
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | | | - Erwan Leclair
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France.,Réseau québécois de recherche sur la douleur, Université de Sherbrooke, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gaëlle Marais
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | - Adrien Combes
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Fontaine
- Department of Diabetology, Lille University Hospital, EA 4489, Lille, France
| | - Sémah Tagougui
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France.,Metabolic Diseases, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Gutefeldt K, Lundstedt S, Thyberg ISM, Bachrach-Lindström M, Arnqvist HJ, Spångeus A. Clinical Examination and Self-Reported Upper Extremity Impairments in Patients with Long-Standing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:4172635. [PMID: 32258166 PMCID: PMC7086441 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4172635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aims of the current study were (1) to determine the prevalence of upper extremity impairments (UEIs) in patients with type 1 diabetes by clinical investigation; (2) to investigate if self-reported impairments were concordant with clinical findings and if key questions could be identified; and (3) to investigate if answers to our self-reported questionnaire regarding UEIs are reliable. METHODS Patients with type 1 diabetes were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study of clinical and self-reported (12 items) UEIs in adjunction to ordinary scheduled clinical visit. Before the visit, a questionnaire on UEIs was filled in twice (test-retest) followed by clinical testing at the planned visit. RESULTS In total, 69 patients aged 45 ± 14 years and with diabetes duration 26 ± 15 were included in the study. In the clinical examination, two-thirds (65%) of the patients showed one or more UEI, with failure to perform hand against back as the most common clinical finding (40%) followed by positive Phalen's test (27%), Tinel's test (26%), and Prayer's sign (24%). UEIs observed by clinical examination were often bilateral, and multiple impairments often coexisted. Self-reported shoulder stiffness was associated with impaired shoulder mobility and with Prayer's sign. Self-reported reduced hand strength was associated to lower grip force, Prayer's sign, trigger finger, fibrosis string structures, and reduced thenar strength as well as reduced shoulder mobility. In addition, self-reporting previous surgery of carpal tunnel and trigger finger was associated with several clinical UEIs including shoulder, hand, and finger. The test-retest of the questionnaire showed a high agreement of 80-98% for reported shoulder, hand, and finger impairments. CONCLUSION UEIs are common in type 1 diabetes. Self-reported shoulder stiffness and reduced hand strength might be used to capture patients with UEIs in need of clinical investigation and enhanced preventive and therapeutic strategies, as well as rehabilitative interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Gutefeldt
- Department of Endocrinology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Simon Lundstedt
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ingrid S. M. Thyberg
- Department of Rheumatology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Margareta Bachrach-Lindström
- Division of Nursing Sciences, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hans J. Arnqvist
- Department of Endocrinology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Spångeus
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
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Yardley JE. The Athlete with Type 1 Diabetes: Transition from Case Reports to General Therapy Recommendations. Open Access J Sports Med 2019; 10:199-207. [PMID: 31827338 PMCID: PMC6902845 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s149257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Fear of hypoglycemia is a common barrier to exercise and physical activity for individuals with type 1 diabetes. While some of the earliest studies in this area involved only one or two participants, the link between exercise, exogenous insulin, and hypoglycemia was already clear, with the only suggested management strategies being to decrease insulin dosage and/or consume carbohydrates before and after exercise. Over the past 50 years, a great deal of knowledge has been developed around the impact of different types and intensities of exercise on blood glucose levels in this population. Recent decades have also seen the development of technologies such as continuous glucose monitors, faster-acting insulins and commercially available insulin pumps to allow for the real-time observation of interstitial glucose levels, and more precise adjustments to insulin dosage before, during and after activity. As such, there are now evidence-based exercise and physical activity guidelines for individuals with type 1 diabetes. While the risk of hypoglycemia has not been completely eliminated, therapy recommendations have evolved considerably. This review discusses the evolution of the knowledge and the technology related to type 1 diabetes and exercise that have allowed this evolution to take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Yardley
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, Edmonton, Canada.,Augustana Faculty, University of Alberta, Camrose, Canada.,Women's and Children's Research Institute, Edmonton, Canada
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45
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Abstract
Sarcopenia as a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder that is associated with an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes, including falls, fractures, physical disability, and mortality. On the other hand, an age-related decline in muscle strength prior to the reduction of muscle mass, is proposed to be "dynapenia". Sarcopenia and dynapenia have recently been recognized as a diabetic complications in type 2 diabetes. We firstly indicated that sarcopenia was frequently observed in 16.6% of patients with type 1 diabetes aged even over 40 years. Additionally, we recently reported that the prevalence rate of dynapenia was higher than sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia accelerates accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which causes diabetic vascular complications through oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. We also demonstrated that skin autofluorescence (AF) as a marker of AGEs, was the independent determinant for skeletal muscle mass and strength in patients with type 2 diabetes and muscle strength in type 1 diabetes. Therefore, the early diagnosis of muscle weakness is essential for patients with diabetes and sustained good glycemic control with exercise and dietary intervention might be beneficial to prevent the progression of muscle weakness in these patients.
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46
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Hamdy Deso D, Abd El-Wah MS, Nour El-Di SM. Effect of Low Level Laser Therapy on Hand Function Performance
of Children with Type I Diabetes Cheiroarthropathy. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2019.56.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Monaco CMF, Gingrich MA, Hawke TJ. Considering Type 1 Diabetes as a Form of Accelerated Muscle Aging. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2019; 47:98-107. [PMID: 30653028 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence reveals impairments to skeletal muscle health in adolescent/young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Interestingly, the observed changes in T1D are not unlike aged muscle, particularly, the alterations to mitochondria. Thus, we put forth the novel hypothesis that T1D may be considered a condition of accelerated muscle aging and that, similar to aging, mitochondrial dysfunction is a primary contributor to this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M F Monaco
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Scott SN, Anderson L, Morton JP, Wagenmakers AJM, Riddell MC. Carbohydrate Restriction in Type 1 Diabetes: A Realistic Therapy for Improved Glycaemic Control and Athletic Performance? Nutrients 2019; 11:E1022. [PMID: 31067747 PMCID: PMC6566372 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Around 80% of individuals with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the United States do not achieve glycaemic targets and the prevalence of comorbidities suggests that novel therapeutic strategies, including lifestyle modification, are needed. Current nutrition guidelines suggest a flexible approach to carbohydrate intake matched with intensive insulin therapy. These guidelines are designed to facilitate greater freedom around nutritional choices but they may lead to higher caloric intakes and potentially unhealthy eating patterns that are contributing to the high prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in people with T1D. Low carbohydrate diets (LCD; <130 g/day) may represent a means to improve glycaemic control and metabolic health in people with T1D. Regular recreational exercise or achieving a high level of athletic performance is important for many living with T1D. Research conducted on people without T1D suggests that training with reduced carbohydrate availability (often termed "train low") enhances metabolic adaptation compared to training with normal or high carbohydrate availability. However, these "train low" practices have not been tested in athletes with T1D. This review aims to investigate the known pros and cons of LCDs as a potentially effective, achievable, and safe therapy to improve glycaemic control and metabolic health in people with T1D. Secondly, we discuss the potential for low, restricted, or periodised carbohydrate diets in athletes with T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam N Scott
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | | | - James P Morton
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Anton J M Wagenmakers
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Michael C Riddell
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
- LMC Diabetes & Endocrinology, 1929 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4G 3E8, Canada.
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49
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Essid SM, Bevington A, Brunskill NJ. Proinsulin C-Peptide Enhances Cell Survival and Protects against Simvastatin-Induced Myotoxicity in L6 Rat Myoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071654. [PMID: 30987105 PMCID: PMC6479794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair capacity of progenitor skeletal muscle satellite cells (SC) in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is decreased. This is associated with the loss of skeletal muscle function. In T1DM, the deficiency of C-peptide along with insulin is associated with an impairment of skeletal muscle functions such as growth, and repair, and is thought to be an important contributor to increased morbidity and mortality. Recently, cholesterol-lowering drugs (statins) have also been reported to increase the risk of skeletal muscle dysfunction. We hypothesised that C-peptide activates key signaling pathways in myoblasts, thus promoting cell survival and protecting against simvastatin-induced myotoxicity. This was tested by investigating the effects of C-peptide on the L6 rat myoblast cell line under serum-starved conditions. Results: C-peptide at concentrations as low as 0.03 nM exerted stimulatory effects on intracellular signaling pathways—MAP kinase (ERK1/2) and Akt. When apoptosis was induced by simvastatin, 3 nM C-peptide potently suppressed the apoptotic effect through a pertussis toxin-sensitive pathway. Simvastatin strongly impaired Akt signaling and stimulated the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; suggesting that Akt signaling and oxidative stress are important factors in statin-induced apoptosis in L6 myoblasts. The findings indicate that C-peptide exerts an important protective effect against death signaling in myoblasts. Therefore, in T1DM, the deficiency of C-peptide may contribute to myopathy by rendering myoblast-like progenitor cells (involved in muscle regeneration) more susceptible to the toxic effects of insults such as simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumia Mohamed Essid
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7 RH, UK.
| | - Alan Bevington
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7 RH, UK.
| | - Nigel J Brunskill
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7 RH, UK.
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50
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Krause MP, Milne KJ, Hawke TJ. Adiponectin-Consideration for its Role in Skeletal Muscle Health. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071528. [PMID: 30934678 PMCID: PMC6480271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin regulates metabolism through blood glucose control and fatty acid oxidation, partly mediated by downstream effects of adiponectin signaling in skeletal muscle. More recently, skeletal muscle has been identified as a source of adiponectin expression, fueling interest in the role of adiponectin as both a circulating adipokine and a locally expressed paracrine/autocrine factor. In addition to being metabolically responsive, skeletal muscle functional capacity, calcium handling, growth and maintenance, regenerative capacity, and susceptibility to chronic inflammation are all strongly influenced by adiponectin stimulation. Furthermore, physical exercise has clear links to adiponectin expression and circulating concentrations in healthy and diseased populations. Greater physical activity is generally related to higher adiponectin expression while lower adiponectin levels are found in inactive obese, pre-diabetic, and diabetic populations. Exercise training typically restores plasma adiponectin and is associated with improved insulin sensitivity. Thus, the role of adiponectin signaling in skeletal muscle has expanded beyond that of a metabolic regulator to include several aspects of skeletal muscle function and maintenance critical to muscle health, many of which are responsive to, and mediated by, physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Krause
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Kevin J Milne
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
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