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Mouchard A, Monegier-Dusorbier C, Berthon P, Cribier B, Basset Seguin N, Jouenne F, Mourah S, Samimi M, Kervarrec T. High-grade trichoblastic carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation harboring TP53 and PIK3CA mutations. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2021; 149:74-77. [PMID: 34838338 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Mouchard
- Department of dermatology, université de Tours, CHU de Tours, avenue de la République, 37170 Chambray-lès-Tours, France.
| | - C Monegier-Dusorbier
- Department of pathology, université de Tours, CHU de Tours, avenue de la République, 37170 Chambray-lès-Tours, France
| | - P Berthon
- "Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus" Team, UMR Inrae ISP 1282, université de Tours, 31, avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - B Cribier
- Dermatology clinic, hôpital Civil, hôpitaux universitaires et université de Strasbourg, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - N Basset Seguin
- Department of dermatology, hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - F Jouenne
- Inserm U976, Team 1, HIPI, department of pharmacology and solid tumor genomics, Saint Louis hospital, Paris university, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - S Mourah
- Inserm U976, Team 1, HIPI, department of pharmacology and solid tumor genomics, Saint Louis hospital, Paris university, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
| | - M Samimi
- Department of dermatology, université de Tours, CHU de Tours, avenue de la République, 37170 Chambray-lès-Tours, France; "Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus" Team, UMR Inrae ISP 1282, université de Tours, 31, avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - T Kervarrec
- Department of pathology, université de Tours, CHU de Tours, avenue de la République, 37170 Chambray-lès-Tours, France; "Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus" Team, UMR Inrae ISP 1282, université de Tours, 31, avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
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2
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Esnault C, Leblond V, Martin C, Desgranges A, Baltus CB, Aubrey N, Lakhrif Z, Lajoie L, Lantier L, Clémenceau B, Sarma B, Schrama J, Houben R, Schrama D, Hesbacher S, Gouilleux-Gruart V, Feng Y, Dimitrov D, Guyétant S, Berthon P, Viaud-Massuard MC, Samimi M, Touzé A, Kervarrec T. Adcitmer ® , a new CD56-targeting monomethyl auristatin E-conjugated antibody, is a potential therapeutic approach in Merkel cell carcinoma. Br J Dermatol 2021; 186:295-306. [PMID: 34582565 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin cancer, whose tumour cells often express CD56. While immune checkpoint inhibitors constitute a major advance for treating patients with MCC with advanced disease, new therapeutic options are still urgently required. OBJECTIVES To produce and evaluate the therapeutic performance of a new antibody-drug conjugate (Adcitmer® ) targeting CD56 in preclinical models of MCC. METHODS CD56 expression was evaluated in a MCC cohort (immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray of 90 tumour samples) and MCC cell lines. Interaction of an unconjugated CD56-targeting antibody with CD56+ MCC cell lines was investigated by immunohistochemistry and imaging flow cytometry. Adcitmer® product was generated by the bioconjugation of CD56-targeting antibody to a cytotoxic drug (monomethyl auristatin E) using the McSAF Inside® bioconjugation process. The chemical properties and homogeneity of Adcitmer® were characterized by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Adcitmer® cytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro and in an MCC xenograft mice model. RESULTS Similar to previous reports, CD56 was expressed by 66% of MCC tumours in our cohort, confirming its relevance as a therapeutic target. Specific binding and internalization of the unconjugated CD56-targeting antibody was validated in MCC cell lines. The high homogeneity of the newly generated Adcitmer® was confirmed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The CD56-mediated cytotoxicity of Adcitmer® was demonstrated in vitro in MCC cell lines. Moreover, Adcitmer® significantly reduced tumour growth in a MCC mouse model. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that Adcitmer® should be further assessed as a therapeutic option in patients with MCC, as an alternative therapy or combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Esnault
- Team 'Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus', ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - V Leblond
- Team 'Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus', ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France
| | | | | | | | - N Aubrey
- Team BIOMAP, ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France
| | - Z Lakhrif
- Team BIOMAP, ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France
| | - L Lajoie
- Team FRAME, GICC EA7501, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France.,Plateforme Scientifique et Technique, Analyse des Systèmes Biologiques Département des Cytométries, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France
| | - L Lantier
- Team BIOMAP, ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France
| | - B Clémenceau
- CRCINA, INSERM, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO 'Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology', Nantes, France.,CHU de Nantes, Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, F-44000, France
| | - B Sarma
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - J Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - R Houben
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - D Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - S Hesbacher
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | | | - Y Feng
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, NCI at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - D Dimitrov
- Protein Interactions Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - S Guyétant
- Team 'Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus', ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France.,Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, CHU de Tours, Chambray-les-Tours, 37170, France
| | - P Berthon
- Team 'Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus', ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France
| | - M C Viaud-Massuard
- McSAF, Tours, 37200, France.,Team IMT, GICC EA7501, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France
| | - M Samimi
- Team 'Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus', ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France.,Department of Dermatology, Université de Tours, CHU de Tours, Chambray-les-Tours, 37170, France
| | - A Touzé
- Team 'Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus', ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France
| | - T Kervarrec
- Team 'Biologie des Infections à Polyomavirus', ISP UMR 1282, INRAE, Université de Tours, Tours, 37200, France.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, CHU de Tours, Chambray-les-Tours, 37170, France
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3
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Heyman E, Daussin F, Wieczorek V, Caiazzo R, Matran R, Berthon P, Aucouturier J, Berthoin S, Descatoire A, Leclair E, Marais G, Combes A, Fontaine P, Tagougui S. Muscle Oxygen Supply and Use in Type 1 Diabetes, From Ambient Air to the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain: Is There a Limiting Step? Diabetes Care 2020; 43:209-218. [PMID: 31636081 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-1125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long before clinical complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D) develop, oxygen supply and use can be altered during activities of daily life. We examined in patients with uncomplicated T1D all steps of the oxygen pathway, from the lungs to the mitochondria, using an integrative ex vivo (muscle biopsies) and in vivo (during exercise) approach. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We compared 16 adults with T1D with 16 strictly matched healthy control subjects. We assessed lung diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide and nitric oxide, exercise-induced changes in arterial O2 content (SaO2, PaO2, hemoglobin), muscle blood volume, and O2 extraction (via near-infrared spectroscopy). We analyzed blood samples for metabolic and hormonal vasoactive moieties and factors that are able to shift the O2-hemoglobin dissociation curve. Mitochondrial oxidative capacities were assessed in permeabilized vastus lateralis muscle fibers. RESULTS Lung diffusion capacity and arterial O2 transport were normal in patients with T1D. However, those patients displayed blunted exercise-induced increases in muscle blood volume, despite higher serum insulin, and in O2 extraction, despite higher erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Although complex I- and complex II-supported mitochondrial respirations were unaltered, complex IV capacity (relative to complex I capacity) was impaired in patients with T1D, and this was even more apparent in those with long-standing diabetes and high HbA1c. [Formula: see text]O2max was lower in patients with T1D than in the control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Early defects in microvascular delivery of blood to skeletal muscle and in complex IV capacity in the mitochondrial respiratory chain may negatively impact aerobic fitness. These findings are clinically relevant considering the main role of skeletal muscle oxidation in whole-body glucose disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Heyman
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Daussin
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | | | - Robert Caiazzo
- Service de Chirurgie Générale et Endocrinienne, University Hospital of Lille, Lille, France.,UMR_1190 Recherche Translationnelle sur le Diabète, Faculté de Médecine de Lille, INSERM, Lille, France
| | - Régis Matran
- Department of Physiology, EA 2689 and IFR 22, Lille, France
| | - Phanélie Berthon
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences EA7424, University of Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | - Julien Aucouturier
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | - Serge Berthoin
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | | | - Erwan Leclair
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France.,Réseau québécois de recherche sur la douleur, Université de Sherbrooke, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gaëlle Marais
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | - Adrien Combes
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Fontaine
- Department of Diabetology, Lille University Hospital, EA 4489, Lille, France
| | - Sémah Tagougui
- EA7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, Lille, France.,Metabolic Diseases, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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4
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Kervarrec T, Aljundi M, Appenzeller S, Samimi M, Maubec E, Cribier B, Berthon P, Deschamps L, Levy A, Bousquet G, Touzé A, Guyétant S, Schrama D, Houben R. Histogenèse du carcinome à cellules de Merkel. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2019.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Kervarrec T, Gaboriaud P, Tallet A, Berthon P, Houben R, Schrama D, Guyétant S, Touzé A, Samimi M. Le VEGF-A comme cible thérapeutique potentielle dans le carcinome à cellules de Merkel. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.09.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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6
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Kervarrec T, Gaboriaud P, Berthon P, Houben R, Schrama D, Le Corre Y, Hainaut-Wierzbiecka E, Aubin F, Bens G, Maillard H, Domenech J, Guyétant S, Touzé A, Samimi M. Cellules myéloïdes dans le microenvironnement tumoral du carcinome à cellules de Merkel. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2017.09.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Quiclet C, Dubouchaud H, Berthon P, Sanchez H, Vial G, Siti F, Fontaine E, Batandier C, Couturier K. Maternal exercise modifies body composition and energy substrates handling in male offspring fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet. J Physiol 2017; 595:7049-7062. [PMID: 28971475 DOI: 10.1113/jp274739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Maternal training during gestation enhances offspring body composition and energy substrates handling in early adulthood. Offspring nutrition also plays a role as some beneficial effects of maternal training during gestation disappear after consumption of a high-fat diet. ABSTRACT Maternal exercise during gestation has been reported to modify offspring metabolism and health. Whether these effects are exacerbated when offspring are receiving a high-fat diet remains unclear. Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of maternal exercise before and during gestation on the offspring fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HF) by assessing its body composition, pancreatic function and energy substrates handling by two major glucose-utilizing tissues: liver and muscle. Fifteen-week-old nulliparous female Wistar rats exercised 4 weeks before as well as during gestation at a constant submaximal intensity (TR) or remained sedentary (CT). At weaning, pups from each group were fed either a standard diet (TRCD or CTCD) or a high-fat/high-sucrose diet (TRHF or CTHF) for 10 weeks. Offspring from TR dams gained less weight compared to those from CT dams. Selected fat depots were larger with the HF diet compared to control diet (CD) but significantly smaller in TRHF compared to CTHF. Surprisingly, the insulin secretion index was higher in islets from HF offspring compared to CD. TR offspring showed a higher muscle insulin sensitivity estimated by the ratio of phosphorylated protein kinase B to total protein kinase B compared with CT offspring (+48%, P < 0.05). With CD, permeabilized isolated muscle fibres from TR rats displayed a lower apparent affinity constant (Km ) for pyruvate and palmitoyl coenzyme A as substrates compared to the CT group (-46% and -58%, respectively, P < 0.05). These results suggest that maternal exercise has positive effects on young adult offspring body composition and on muscle carbohydrate and lipid metabolism depending on the nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Quiclet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité (SFR SEM), Grenoble, France
| | - Hervé Dubouchaud
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité (SFR SEM), Grenoble, France
| | - Phanélie Berthon
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - Hervé Sanchez
- French Armed Biomedical Research Institute, Brétigny-sur-Orge, France
| | - Guillaume Vial
- Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité (SFR SEM), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1042, Grenoble, France
| | - Farida Siti
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Faculty of Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Eric Fontaine
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Batandier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Karine Couturier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics (LBFA), Grenoble, France.,Inserm, U1055, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives (UFR STAPS), Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité (SFR SEM), Grenoble, France
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8
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Fast C, Goldmann W, Berthon P, Tauscher K, Andréoletti O, Lantier I, Rossignol C, Bossers A, Jacobs JG, Hunter N, Groschup MH, Lantier F, Langeveld JPM. Protecting effect of PrP codons M142 and K222 in goats orally challenged with bovine spongiform encephalopathy prions. Vet Res 2017; 48:52. [PMID: 28927447 PMCID: PMC5606029 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-017-0455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breeding towards genetic resistance to prion disease is effective in eliminating scrapie. In sheep, classical forms of scrapie have been eradicated almost completely in several countries by breeding programs using a prion protein (PrP) gene (PRNP) amino acid polymorphism. For goats, field and experimental studies have provided evidence for several amino acid polymorphisms that are associated with resistance to scrapie, but only limited data are available concerning the susceptibility of caprine PRNP genotypes to BSE. In this study, goat kids representing five PRNP genotypes based on three polymorphisms (M142, Q211 and K222 and the wild type I142, R211 and Q222) were orally challenged with bovine or goat BSE. Wild type goats were killed with clinical signs between 24-28 months post inoculation (mpi) to both challenges, and goats with genotype R/Q211 succumbed between 29-36 mpi. I/M142 goats developed clinical signs at 44-45 mpi and M/M142 goats remained healthy until euthanasia at 48 mpi. None of the Q/K222 goats showed definite clinical signs. Taken together the highest attack ratios were seen in wild type and R/Q211 goats, and the lowest in I/M142, M/M142 and Q/K222. In all genotype groups, one or more goats remained healthy within the incubation period in both challenges and without detectable PrP deposition in the tissues. Our data show that both the K222 and M142 polymorphisms lengthen the incubation period significantly compared to wild type animals, but only K222 was associated with a significant increase in resistance to BSE infection after oral exposure to both BSE sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Fast
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - W. Goldmann
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - P. Berthon
- UMR 1282 ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - K. Tauscher
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - O. Andréoletti
- INRA, UMR 1225, Interactions Hôtes Agents Pathogènes, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - I. Lantier
- UMR 1282 ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - C. Rossignol
- UMR 1282 ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - A. Bossers
- Wageningen BioVeterinary Research, Wageningen University & Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221RA Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - J. G. Jacobs
- Wageningen BioVeterinary Research, Wageningen University & Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221RA Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - N. Hunter
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - M. H. Groschup
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - F. Lantier
- UMR 1282 ISP, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - J. P. M. Langeveld
- Wageningen BioVeterinary Research, Wageningen University & Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221RA Lelystad, The Netherlands
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9
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Quiclet C, Siti F, Batandier C, Vial G, Berthon P, Rieusset J, Dubouchaud H, Fontaine E, Couturier K. Effets de l’exercice maternel sur l’homéostasie du glucose et la fonction pancréatique de la descendance à l’âge de 3semaines et 7mois. NUTR CLIN METAB 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2016.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Quiclet C, Siti F, Dubouchaud H, Sanchez H, Vial G, Berthon P, Fontaine E, Batandier C, Couturier K. SUN-P221: Effects of Maternal Exercise Before and During Gestation or During Lactation on Offspring Metabolic Health: Body Composition Pancreatic Function and Energy Substrates Management. Clin Nutr 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(16)30564-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Quiclet C, Siti F, Dubouchaud H, Vial G, Berthon P, Fontaine E, Batandier C, Couturier K. Short-term and long-term effects of submaximal maternal exercise on offspring glucose homeostasis and pancreatic function. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E508-18. [PMID: 27382034 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00126.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Only a few studies have explored the effects of maternal exercise during gestation on adult offspring metabolism. We set out to test whether maternal controlled submaximal exercise maintained troughout all gestational periods induces persistant metabolic changes in the offspring. We used a model of 15-wk-old nulliparous female Wistar rats that exercised (trained group) before and during gestation at a submaximal intensity or remained sedentary (control group). At weaning, male offspring from trained dams showed reduced basal glycemia (119.7 ± 2.4 vs. 130.5 ± 4.1 mg/dl, P < 0.05), pancreas relative weight (3.96 ± 0.18 vs. 4.54 ± 0.14 g/kg body wt, P < 0.05), and islet mean area (22,822 ± 4,036 vs. 44,669 ± 6,761 μm(2), P < 0.05) compared with pups from control dams. Additionally, they had better insulin secretory capacity when stimulated by 2.8 mM glucose + 20 mM arginine compared with offspring from control dams (+96%, P < 0.05). At 7 mo of age, offspring from trained mothers displayed altered glucose tolerance (AUC = 15,285 ± 527 vs. 11,898 ± 988 mg·dl(-1)·120 min, P < 0.05) and decreased muscle insulin sensitivity estimated by the phosphorylated PKB/total PKB ratio (-32%, P < 0.05) and tended to have a reduced islet insulin secretory capacity compared with rats from control dams. These results suggest that submaximal maternal exercise modifies short-term male offspring pancreatic function and appears to have rather negative long-term consequences on sedentary adult offspring glucose handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Quiclet
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Activités Physiques et Sportives, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France;
| | - Farida Siti
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Faculty of Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hervé Dubouchaud
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Activités Physiques et Sportives, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Vial
- INSERM, U1060,Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins, France; Center for European Nutrition and Health, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Phanélie Berthon
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, University Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - Eric Fontaine
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France; and
| | - Cécile Batandier
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Karine Couturier
- Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1055, Grenoble, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Activités Physiques et Sportives, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Sport Exercice Motricité, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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12
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Rouanet J, Aubin F, Gaboriaud P, Berthon P, Feltkamp MC, Bessenay L, Touzé A, Nicol JTJ, Franck F, D'Incan M. Trichodysplasia spinulosa: a polyomavirus infection specifically targeting follicular keratinocytes in immunocompromised patients. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:629-32. [PMID: 26663358 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a rare skin disease, caused by a specific polyomavirus, occurring in immunocompromised patients. The pathophysiological mechanisms of TS are not yet fully understood. By using polymerase chain reaction and skin biopsy immunostaining we report evidence, in a paediatric case, of follicular keratinocytes being the primary target of trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rouanet
- Department of Dermatology, Université d'Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand Hôpital Estaing, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Clermont-Ferrand Université, Université d'Auvergne, INSERM U990, Imagerie Moléculaire et Thérapie Vectorisée, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - F Aubin
- University of Franche Comté, EA3181, SFR FED 4234, Besançon, France.,University Hospital, Department of Dermatology, 25030, Besançon, France
| | - P Gaboriaud
- UMR INRA 1282 ISP, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 37200, Tours, France
| | - P Berthon
- UMR INRA 1282 ISP, Centre INRA Tours-Nouzilly, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - M C Feltkamp
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300-RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L Bessenay
- Department of Paediatrics, CHU Clermont-Ferrand Hôpital Estaing, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Touzé
- UMR INRA 1282 ISP, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 37200, Tours, France
| | - J T J Nicol
- UMR INRA 1282 ISP, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 37200, Tours, France
| | - F Franck
- Department of Pathology, Université d'Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand Hôpital Estaing, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M D'Incan
- Department of Dermatology, Université d'Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand Hôpital Estaing, 63003, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Clermont-Ferrand Université, Université d'Auvergne, INSERM U990, Imagerie Moléculaire et Thérapie Vectorisée, 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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13
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Quiclet C, Sanchez H, Batandier C, Dubouchaud H, Berthon P, Fondraz E, Siti F, Vial G, Rieusset J, Fontaine E, Couturier K. SUN-PP031: Effect of Maternal Exercise During Gestation on High-Fat High-Sucrose Diet-Fed Offspring: Body Composition, Glucose Tolerance and Energy Substrates Management. Clin Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(15)30182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Quiclet C, Siti F, Batandier C, Vial G, Rieusset J, Dubouchaud H, Berthon P, Fontaine E, Couturier K. P114: Effets de l’exercice maternel sur l’homéostasie du glucose et la fonction pancréatique de la descendance à l’âge de 3 semaines et 7 mois. NUTR CLIN METAB 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(14)70756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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15
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Joassard OR, Amirouche A, Gallot YS, Desgeorges MM, Castells J, Durieux AC, Berthon P, Freyssenet DG. Regulation of Akt-mTOR, ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome pathways in response to formoterol administration in rat skeletal muscle. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2444-55. [PMID: 23916784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Administration of β2-agonists triggers skeletal muscle anabolism and hypertrophy. We investigated the time course of the molecular events responsible for rat skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to 1, 3 and 10 days of formoterol administration (i.p. 2000μg/kg/day). A marked hypertrophy of rat tibialis anterior muscle culminated at day 10. Phosphorylation of Akt, ribosomal protein S6, 4E-BP1 and ERK1/2 was increased at day 3, but returned to control level at day 10. This could lead to a transient increase in protein translation and could explain previous studies that reported increase in protein synthesis following β2-agonist administration. Formoterol administration was also associated with a significant reduction in MAFbx/atrogin-1 mRNA level (day 3), suggesting that formoterol can also affect protein degradation of MAFbx/atrogin1 targeted substrates, including MyoD and eukaryotic initiation factor-3f (eIF3-f). Surprisingly, mRNA level of autophagy-related genes, light chain 3 beta (LC3b) and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 (Gabarapl1), as well as lysosomal hydrolases, cathepsin B and cathepsin L, was significantly and transiently increased after 1 and/or 3 days, suggesting that autophagosome formation would be increased in response to formoterol administration. However, this has to be relativized since the mRNA level of Unc-51-like kinase1 (Ulk1), BCL2/adenovirus E1B interacting protein3 (Bnip3), and transcription factor EB (TFEB), as well as the protein content of Ulk1, Atg13, Atg5-Atg12 complex and p62/Sqstm1 remained unchanged or was even decreased in response to formoterol administration. These results demonstrate that the effects of formoterol are mediated, in part, through the activation of Akt-mTOR pathway and that other signaling pathways become more important in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass with chronic administration of β2-agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Roger Joassard
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, Université de Lyon, F-42023 Saint-Etienne, France
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16
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Berthon P, Cussenot O, Hopwood L, Leduc A, Maitland N. Functional expression of sv40 in normal human prostatic epithelial and fibroblastic cells - differentiation pattern of nontumorigenic cell-lines. Int J Oncol 2012; 6:333-43. [PMID: 21556542 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.6.2.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To study mesenchymal-epithelial interactions associated with the normal and pathological human prostate, we have developed a model of well differentiated human prostate epithelial and fibroblastic cells. Normal human prostatic cells, either of epithelial or fibroblastic origins were successfully transfected with SV40 and strains with extended lifespan were selected until the crisis was reached, within 20 and 30 passages for the epithelial and fibroblastic cells, respectively. Only a few clones emerged from the crisis: PNT1A (Cussenot et al: J Urol 143: 881-886, 1991), PNT1B and PNT2 epithelial cell lines. Successful immortalisation was achieved only with SV40 expressing both large T and small t oncogenes, while attempts to immortalise with a vector expressing SV40 large T alone have given a few strains showing no extended lifespan and no cells which overcame the crisis. A PNT2 subclone named PNT2-LSD which developed spontaneously (less serum dependent) was selected, characterised and included in the analysed series. The epithelial cell lines displayed a differentiation pattern which has been classified as follows (from high to low): PNT2>PNT2-LSD>PNT1A>PNT1B. Differentiation features studied were (i) the colony-forming ability of the PNT2 and PNT2-LSD compared to PNT1A and PNT1B, (ii) their respective doubling time of 39, 29, 30 and 28 hours, (iii) their decreasing serum dependency, (iv) the expression of cytokeratin 19 (a feature of well differentiated luminal cells of the glandular prostate) for PNT2 and PNT2-LSD. Furthermore, the mesenchymal derived pflsv1 cells were confirmed to be of fibroblastic nature. None of the cell lines analysed showed any tumourigenicity in nude mice over a period of 12 months. Serum deprivation and direct steroid withdrawal during the culture triggered cell death by apoptosis, an event which could be overcome by EGF stimulation, particularly for the well differentiated PNT2 cells. This interesting characteristic, which is similar to the high apoptotic rate observed ipl vivo for normal prostate, particularly after castration should lead, together with the other properties of these cell lines, to a better understanding of the biology of the different cell compartments involved in the progression of prostate towards neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Berthon
- HOP ST LOUIS,DEPT UROL,F-75475 PARIS 10,FRANCE
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17
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Lantier I, Moreno CR, Berthon P, Sallé G, Pitel F, Schibler L, Gautier-Bouchardon AV, Boivin R, Weisbecker JL, François D, Bouix J, Cribiu EP, Elsen JM, Lantier F. Quantitative trait loci for resistance to infection in sheep using a live Salmonella Abortusovis vaccine. Anim Genet 2012; 43:632-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Saunders GC, Lantier I, Cawthraw S, Berthon P, Moore SJ, Arnold ME, Windl O, Simmons MM, Andréoletti O, Bellworthy S, Lantier F. Protective effect of the T112 PrP variant in sheep challenged with bovine spongiform encephalopathy. J Gen Virol 2009; 90:2569-2574. [PMID: 19587133 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.012724-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheep with an ARQ/ARQ PRNP genotype at codon positions 136/154/171 are highly susceptible to experimental infection with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). However, a number of sheep challenged orally or intracerebrally with BSE were clinically asymptomatic and found to survive or were diagnosed as BSE-negative when culled. Sequencing of the full PRNP gene open reading frame of BSE-susceptible and -resistant sheep indicated that, in the majority of Suffolk sheep, resistance was associated with an M112T PRNP variant (TARQ allele). A high proportion (47 of 49; 96%) of BSE-challenged wild-type (MARQ/MARQ) Suffolk sheep were BSE-infected, whereas none of the 20 sheep with at least one TARQ allele succumbed to BSE. Thirteen TARQ-carrying sheep challenged with BSE are still alive and some have survival periods equivalent to, or greater than, reported incubation periods of BSE in ARR/ARR and VRQ/VRQ sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Saunders
- Molecular Pathogenesis and Genetics Department, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA Weybridge), New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - I Lantier
- INRA, UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - S Cawthraw
- Molecular Pathogenesis and Genetics Department, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA Weybridge), New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - P Berthon
- INRA, UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - S J Moore
- Pathology Department, VLA Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - M E Arnold
- CERA, VLA Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - O Windl
- Molecular Pathogenesis and Genetics Department, Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA Weybridge), New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - M M Simmons
- Pathology Department, VLA Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - O Andréoletti
- UMR INRA-ENVT, Interactions Hôtes-Agents Pathogènes, Ecole Vétérinaire de Toulouse, F-310761 Toulouse, France
| | - S Bellworthy
- Pathology Department, VLA Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - F Lantier
- INRA, UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
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19
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Bertaux L, Mevelec MN, Dion S, Suraud V, Gregoire M, Berthon P, Dimier-Poisson I. Apoptotic pulsed dendritic cells induce a protective immune response against Toxoplasma gondii. Parasite Immunol 2009; 30:620-9. [PMID: 19067843 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2008.01064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Infection with the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii may cause severe sequelae in foetuses and life-threatening neuropathy in immunocompromised patients. We recently reported that vaccination with T. gondii-pulsed dendritic cells induces protective humoral and cellular immune responses against this intracellular pathogen in CBA/J mice. We assessed the feasibility of using a nonlive vaccine, by inducing the apoptosis of T. gondii-pulsed dendritic cells before injecting them into mice. Apoptosis was induced by culturing cells to confluence. We investigated whether these apoptotic T. gondii-pulsed dendritic cells elicited an immune response in vivo. Some studies have shown that immunization with apoptotic cells leads to the activation of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms. Our results are consistent with apoptotic cells having immunomodulatory properties in a model of parasite infection. We showed that the adoptive transfer of T. gondii-pulsed apoptotic dendritic cells elicited humoral and cellular Toxoplasma-specific immune responses with a Th1/Th2 profile, and conferred specific protection. The protective immune response induced was independent of inducible HSP70 production by apoptotic dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bertaux
- Université François Rabelais; INRA; UMR 0483 Université-INRA d'Immunologie Parasitaire et Vaccinologie, Biothérapies anti-infectieuses, IFR 136 Agents Transmissibles en Infectiologie, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Tours [corrected] France
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20
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Heyman E, Delamarche P, Berthon P, Meeusen R, Briard D, Vincent S, DeKerdanet M, Delamarche A. Alteration in sympathoadrenergic activity at rest and during intense exercise despite normal aerobic fitness in late pubertal adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes & Metabolism 2007; 33:422-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2007.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Accepted: 04/01/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Berthon P, Duguez S, Favier FB, Amirouche A, Feasson L, Vico L, Denis C, Freyssenet D. Regulation of ubiquitin–proteasome system, caspase enzyme activities, and extracellular proteinases in rat soleus muscle in response to unloading. Pflugers Arch 2007; 454:625-33. [PMID: 17334780 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-007-0230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/03/2007] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we determined the impact of 5 and 10 days of muscle deconditioning induced by hindlimb suspension (HS) on the ubiquitin-proteasome system of protein degradation and caspase enzyme activities in rat soleus muscles. A second goal was to determine whether activities of matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 (MMP-2/9) and urokinase-type/tissue-type plasminogen activator (PAs) were responsive to HS. As expected, HS led to a pronounced atrophy of soleus muscle. Level of ubiquitinated proteins, chymotrypsin-like activity of 20S proteasome, and Bcl-2-associated gene product-1 protein level were all transitory increased in response to 5 days of HS. These changes may thus potentially account for the decrease in muscle mass observed in response to 5 days of HS. Caspase-3 activity was significantly increased throughout the experimental period, whereas activities of caspase-6, another effector caspase, and caspase-9, the mitochondrial-dependent activator of both caspase-3 and -6, were only increased in response to 10 days of HS. This suggests that caspase-3 may be regulated through mitochondrial-independent and mitochondrial-dependent mechanisms in response to HS. Finally, MMP-2/9 activities remained unchanged, whereas PAs activities were increased after 5 days of HS. Overall, these data suggest that time-dependent regulation of intracellular and extracellular proteinases are important in setting the new phenotype of rat soleus muscle in response to HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Berthon
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Biomécanique de l'Exercice Musculaire, Université Rennes 2, Rennes F-35000, France
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22
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Thuret R, Chantrel-Groussard K, Azzouzi AR, Villette JM, Guimard S, Teillac P, Berthon P, Houlgatte A, Latil A, Cussenot O. Clinical relevance of genetic instability in prostatic cells obtained by prostatic massage in early prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2005; 92:236-40. [PMID: 15655554 PMCID: PMC2361859 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether genetic lesions such as loss of heterozygosity (LOH) are detected in prostatic cells obtained by prostatic massage during early diagnosis of prostate cancer (CaP) and discussed their clinical relevance. Blood and first urine voided after prostatic massage were collected in 99 patients with total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) between 4 and 10 ng ml−1, prior to prostate biopsies. Presence of prostatic cells was confirmed by quantitative RT–PCR analysis of PSA mRNA. Genomic DNA was analysed for LOH on six chromosomal regions. One or more allelic deletions were found in prostatic fluid from 57 patients analysed, of whom 33 (58%) had CaP. Sensitivity and specificity of LOH detection and PSA free to total ratio <15% for positive biopsy were respectively 86.7 and 44% (P=0.002) for LOH, and 55 and 74% (P=0.006) for PSA ratio <15%. Analysis of LOH obtained from prostatic tumours revealed similar patterns compared to prostatic fluid cells in 86% of cases, confirming its accuracy. The presence of LOH of urinary prostatic cells obtained after prostatic massage is significantly associated with CaP on biopsy and may potentially help to identify a set of patients who are candidates for further prostate biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thuret
- CeRePP-EA3104, University Paris 7, France
| | | | - A-R Azzouzi
- CeRePP-EA3104, University Paris 7, France
- Department of Urology of La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J-M Villette
- department of Hormonal Biology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - S Guimard
- Research Laboratory of Pathology-EA2378, Academic Institute of Hematology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Teillac
- Department of Urology, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - A Houlgatte
- Department of Urology, Val-de-Grâce Hospital, Paris, France
| | - A Latil
- UroGene®, Génopole, Evry, France
| | - O Cussenot
- CeRePP-EA3104, University Paris 7, France
- Department of Urology, Tenon, Paris, France
- CeRePP, Faculté de Médecine des Saints-Peres, 45 rue des Saints-Peres, F-75006 Paris, France. E-mail:
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Le Roux N, de Montgolfier S, di Donato JH, Boccon-Gibod L, Teillac P, Hervé C, Berthon P. [Collections of human biological resources for research purposes: from regulations to the need of a guide of good collection practices]. Rev Med Interne 2004; 24:803-14. [PMID: 14656640 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2003.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In France, collections of human biological resources are regulated by the "Bioethics Law", currently in revision. Hence, we analyse the regulatory and ethical issues of these practices in the context of scientific research. The ultimate aim of such collections is to improve biological and medical knowledge. CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND KEY POINTS We think that the French regulatory system is quite complicated and non-explicit for "collection holders". The multiplicity of legal texts concerning this activity has made their application difficult, especially in the absence of application decrees. The project amending the actual law has clarified the legal status of collections but it did not shed light on the status of human body detached parts. Furthermore, the text is still very far from the international bioethical recommendations, and does not reflect the actual collection's implementation. FUTURE PROSPECTS AND PROJECTS The establishment of a guideline of Good Collection Practices, based on clear principles, should help to simplify the situation, especially when it is imbedded in the regulation and linked to control procedures. It would allow a balance between collective interests and the protection of individuals, taking into account of the international highly competitive scientific and economical constraints. The major issue is to preserve and to perpetuate the existing and future collections because of their precious value as an important tool for biomedical knowledge. The efficiency of a regulation depends on its legibility and accessibility, two requirements that seem to determine the acceptance of the regulatory tool and its application allowing subsequently to reach fairness in proceedings.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Le Roux
- UroGene, 4, rue Pierre-Fontaine, Génopole-Evry, France.
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24
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Vincent S, Berthon P, Zouhal H, Moussa E, Catheline M, Bentué-Ferrer D, Gratas-Delamarche A. Plasma glucose, insulin and catecholamine responses to a Wingate test in physically active women and men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2003; 91:15-21. [PMID: 14551777 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-003-0957-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The influence of gender on the glucose response to exercise remains contradictory. Moreover, to our knowledge, the glucoregulatory responses to anaerobic sprint exercise have only been studied in male subjects. Hence, the aim of the present study was to compare glucoregulatory metabolic (glucose and lactate) and hormonal (insulin, catecholamines and estradiol only in women) responses to a 30-s Wingate test, in physically active students. Eight women [19.8 (0.7) years] and eight men [22.0 (0.6) years] participated in a 30-s Wingate test on a bicycle ergometer. Plasma glucose, insulin, and catecholamine concentrations were determined at rest, at the end of both the warm-up and the exercise period and during the recovery (5, 10, 20, and 30 min). Results showed that the plasma glucose increase in response to a 30-s Wingate test was significantly higher in women than in men [0.99 (0.15) versus 0.33 (0.20) mmol l(-1) respectively, P<0.05]. Plasma insulin concentrations peaked at 10 min post-exercise and the increase between this time of recovery and the end of the warm-up was also significantly higher in women than in men [14.7 (2.9) versus 2.3 (1.9) pmol l(-1) respectively, P<0.05]. However, there was no gender difference concerning the catecholamine response. The study indicates a gender-related difference in post-exercise plasma glucose and insulin responses after a supramaximal exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Vincent
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Biomécanique de l'Exercice Musculaire, UFRAPS Rennes 2, UPRES A 1274, Campus la Harpe, Avenue Charles Tillon, CS 24414, 35044 Rennes Cedex, France.
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25
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Valeri A, Briollais L, Azzouzi R, Fournier G, Mangin P, Berthon P, Cussenot O, Demenais F. Segregation analysis of prostate cancer in France: evidence for autosomal dominant inheritance and residual brother-brother dependence. Ann Hum Genet 2003; 67:125-37. [PMID: 12675688 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-1809.2003.00022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Four segregation analyses concerning prostate cancer (CaP), three conducted in the United States and one in Northern Europe, have shown evidence for a dominant major gene but with different parameter estimates. A recent segregation analysis of Australian pedigrees has found a better fit of a two-locus model than single-locus models. This model included a dominantly inherited increased risk that was greater at younger ages and a recessively inherited or X-linked increased risk that was greater at older ages. Recent linkage analyses have led to the detection of at least 8 CaP predisposing genes, suggesting a complex inheritance and genetic heterogeneity. To assess the nature of familial aggregation of prostate cancer in France, segregation analysis was conducted in 691 families ascertained through 691 CaP patients, recruited from three French hospitals and unselected with respect to age at diagnosis, clinical stage or family history. This mode of family inclusion, without any particular selection of the probands, is unique, as probands from all previous analyses were selected according to various criteria. Segregation analysis was carried out using the logistic hazard regressive model, as incorporated in the REGRESS program, which can accommodate a major gene effect, residual familial dependences of any origin (genetic and/or environmental), and covariates, while including survival analysis concepts. Segregation analysis showed evidence for the segregation of an autosomal dominant gene (allele frequency of 0.03%) with an additional brother-brother dependence. The estimated cumulative risks of prostate cancer by age 85 years, among subjects with the at-risk genotype, were 86% in the fathers' generation and 99% in the probands' generation. This study supports the model of Mendelian transmission of a rare autosomal dominant gene with high penetrance, and demonstrates that additional genetic and/or common sibling environmental factors are involved to account for the familial clustering of CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valeri
- Centre de Recherche pour les Pathologies Prostatiques (CeRePP), UPRES EA3104 Université Paris VII, 45 rue des Saint-Pères 75006 Paris, France.
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Jacob C, Zouhal H, Gratas-Delamarche A, Bentué-Ferrer D, Berthon P, Delamarche P. Effet de l'intensité de l'entraînement sur les réponses en catécholamines à l'exercice supramaximal chez des endurants de sexe masculin. Sci Sports 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0765-1597(02)00058-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Berthon P, Fellmann N. General review of maximal aerobic velocity measurement at laboratory. Proposition of a new simplified protocol for maximal aerobic velocity assessment. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2002; 42:257-66. [PMID: 12094113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The maximal aerobic velocity concept developed since eighties is considered as either the minimal velocity which elicits the maximal aerobic consumption or as the "velocity associated to maximal oxygen consumption". Different methods for measuring maximal aerobic velocity on treadmill in laboratory conditions have been elaborated, but all these specific protocols measure V(amax) either during a maximal oxygen consumption test or with an association of such a test. An inaccurate method presents a certain number of problems in the subsequent use of the results, for example in the elaboration of training programs, in the study of repeatability or in the determination of individual limit time. This study analyzes 14 different methods to understand their interests and limits in view to propose a general methodology for measuring V(amax). In brief, the test should be progressive and maximal without any rest period and of 17 to 20 min total duration. It should begin with a five min warm-up at 60-70% of the maximal aerobic power of the subjects. The beginning of the trial should be fixed so that four or five steps have to be run. The duration of the steps should be three min with a 1% slope and an increasing speed of 1.5 km x h(-1) until complete exhaustion. The last steps could be reduced at two min for a 1 km x h(-1) increment. The maximal aerobic velocity is adjusted in relation to duration of the last step.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Berthon
- Laboratoire Performance Motrice, UFR STAPS, Université Blaise Pascal, Aubière Cédex, France
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Abstract
Studies of the important functions in host defense assured by macrophages, both as functional elements and as potential targets for intracellular pathogens, are often inhibited by the lack of a source of large numbers of uniform, well-characterised cells. To address this lack for ovine studies, we have established cell lines from spontaneously-proliferating adherent mononuclear cells from sheep blood. Eight such lines which have been continuously cultured for over 400 passages have phagocytic activities and cytochemical characteristics indicating that they retain the nature of mononuclear phagocytes. They display typical functional membrane proteins such as CD14, Fc receptors and MHC class II. Such cells can facilitate in vitro studies of pathogen-monocyte interactions and can furnish copious amounts of cells for transfer experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Olivier
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Infectieuse et Immunologie, INRA, Centre de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France.
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29
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Cancel-Tassin G, Latil A, Valéri A, Guillaume E, Mangin P, Fournier G, Berthon P, Cussenot O. No evidence of linkage to HPC20 on chromosome 20q13 in hereditary prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2001; 93:455-6. [PMID: 11433415 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Latil A, Guérard M, Berthon P, Cussenot O. 12p12-13 deletion in prostate tumors and quantitative expression of CDKN1B and ETV6 candidate genes. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2001; 31:199-200. [PMID: 11319809 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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31
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Latil A, Bièche I, Vidaud D, Lidereau R, Berthon P, Cussenot O, Vidaud M. Evaluation of androgen, estrogen (ER alpha and ER beta), and progesterone receptor expression in human prostate cancer by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays. Cancer Res 2001; 61:1919-26. [PMID: 11280747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormones can have profound effects on prostate tumor development making it important to define steroid receptor expression in prostate tissues. For this purpose, androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER alpha and ER beta) expression was quantified in 12 clinically localized and 11 hormone-refractory sporadic prostate tumors, using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays. To gain more insight into hormone-responsiveness, estrogen-regulated progesterone receptor (PGR) and androgen-regulated prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) mRNA levels were also quantified. There is a decrease in expression of ER beta in both clinically localized and hormone-refractory tumors relative to normal prostate tissues. Moreover, hormone-refractory tumors display a decreased expression of ER alpha and an increased expression of AR. There is a positive association between ER alpha, ER beta, and PGR expression (P < 0.0001) and a negative association between AR and the androgen-regulated gene PAP expression in hormone-refractory tumors. Taken together, these data indicate that, although increased expression of the AR gene might play a key role in endocrine treatment failure, it cannot be considered as the sole actor of this unresolved dilemma, and abnormalities in ER alpha and/or ER beta expression may also modulate the growth response of prostate cancer to hormone withdrawal. Our results also suggest that ER alpha and ER beta expression status could be used to identify advanced prostate tumor patients who may respond to antiestrogen therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Latil
- CeRePP, Université Paris VII, Evry, France.
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32
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Abstract
We present a clinical and molecular study of a series of specific loss of heterozygosity (LOH) indicators which, together with PSA, increase the predictability of cancer in early prostate cancer patients. Considering a positive biopsy as the standard reference, the testing parameters for LOH testing are better than the PSA F/T ratio (<25%), suggesting that this noninvasive approach to detecting early prostate cancer could be very useful as a new tool to optimize the indications for iterative prostate biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Cussenot
- CeRePP-EA3104 and Urogène, Génopole, 4 Rue Pierre Fontaine, F-91000, Evry, France
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Cancel-Tassin G, Latil A, Valéri A, Mangin P, Fournier G, Berthon P, Cussenot O. PCAP is the major known prostate cancer predisposing locus in families from south and west Europe. Eur J Hum Genet 2001; 9:135-42. [PMID: 11313747 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2000] [Revised: 09/22/2000] [Accepted: 09/29/2000] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To date four prostate cancer predisposing loci have been mapped: HPC1 (Hereditary Prostate Cancer 1) on 1q24-25, PCaP (Predisposing for Cancer Prostate) on 1q42.2-43, CAPB (Cancer Prostate and Brain) on 1p36, and HPCX on Xq27-28. We examined evidence for linkage to those loci in 64 families from south and west Europe. Genotyping of three (six for PCaP) markers encompassing the candidate regions were performed on 221 individuals including 159 affected patients. The resulting data were analysed using both parametric and non parametric linkage methods. No significant evidence of linkage to HPC1, CAPB, or HPCX was found either in the whole population or when pedigrees were stratified according to criteria specific to each locus. By contrast, results in favour of linkage to PCaP locus were observed with maximum multipoint NPL and HLOD scores of 2.8 (P = 0.0026) and 2.65 respectively. Homogeneity analysis performed with multipoint LOD scores gave an estimated proportion of families with linkage to this locus up to 50%. Particularly, families with an earlier age at diagnosis (< or = 65-years-old) contributed significantly to the evidence of linkage with a maximum multipoint NPL score of 2.03 (P = 0.024). Those results suggest that PCaP is the most frequent known locus predisposing to hereditary prostate cancer cases from families from south and west Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cancel-Tassin
- Centre de Recherche pour les Pathologies Prostatiques (CeRePP. UA3104 Paris VII), genopole, Evry, France.
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Anidjar M, Villette JM, Devauchelle P, Delisle F, Cotard JP, Billotey C, Cochand-Priollet B, Copin H, Barnoux M, Triballeau S, Rain JD, Fiet J, Teillac P, Berthon P, Cussenot O. In vivo model mimicking natural history of dog prostate cancer using DPC-1, a new canine prostate carcinoma cell line. Prostate 2001; 46:2-10. [PMID: 11170126 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0045(200101)46:1<2::aid-pros1002>3.0.co;2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dog prostate cancer is usually considered to be highly relevant to human prostate cancer. We report the isolation of a new canine prostate cancer epithelial cell line designated DPC-1. METHODS Primary cultures were established from a canine poorly differentiated prostatic adenocarcinoma. Population doubling time was determined by counting nuclei after cell lysis. Tumorigenicity was assessed in nude mice and in one adult immunodeficient dog. Immunoscintigraphy was performed in both models using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) raised against the [44-62] sequence of human PSMA. RESULTS DPC-1 cells have a rapid growth in vitro (doubling time, 27 hr) which is not stimulated by androgens. In addition, DPC-1 displays immunoreactivity to human PSA and PSMA. DPC-1 was found to be highly tumorigenic not only in nude mice but also for the first time after orthotopic seeding in an immunodeficient dog. This allograft mimicked, in a compressed form, the aggressive biological behavior of spontaneous dog prostate adenocarcinoma. Immunoscintigraphy using a (131)Iodine-labeled PSMA mAb clearly visualized induced tumors in nude mice and in the dog allograft. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that DPC-1 may constitute a powerful model for assessing new diagnostic and/or therapeutic tools in the management of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Anidjar
- Centre de Recherche pour les Pathologies Prostatiques, Evry, France
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Cussenot O, Valeri A, Berthon P, Fournier G, Mangin P. Hereditary prostate cancer and other genetic predispositions to prostate cancer. Urol Int 2000; 60 Suppl 2:30-4; discussion 35. [PMID: 9607556 DOI: 10.1159/000056549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of prostate cancer (CaP) and its increase in the last 10 years vary both from country to country and according to the ethnic group, with the highest incidence reported for Afro-Americans and the lowest for Asian men. To date, only three risk factors have been established for CaP: age; familial aggregation of CaP, and ethnic origins. No dietary or environment-related cause has been established. However, some variations in endogenous genetic factors may help explain differences in risk among ethnic groups or geographic areas. Similarly, certain genetic polymorphisms of genes encoding for 5alpha-reductase, androgen receptor or vitamin D, have been associated with different levels of CaP risk, and could explain the variations observed between populations. Different studies support the view that familial CaP may truly be hereditary, and not due to a similar lifestyle. Thus, familial inheritance is a parameter that needs to be considered in recommending screening for high-risk families. Indeed, when 1, 2, and 3 first-degree relatives are affected, the relative risk of first-degree relatives of CaP patients may increase to 2, 5, and 11%, respectively. Some familial forms appear to be associated with transmission of a rare putative dominant gene with a high penetrance (88% at age 85), with the cumulative proportion of CaP attributable to this gene being more marked for younger patients (a 43 versus a 34% risk of CaP appearing before the age of 55 versus 70 years). Using this transmission model and linkage analysis, a predisposing locus on chromosome 1q24-25 (HPC-1) has been described. Moreover, recessive and X-linked transmission has been suggested, showing that a large proportion of familial CaP may not be due to segregation of a few major gene mutations, but rather to familial sharing of alleles at many loci, each contributing to a small increase in cancer risk. Candidate genes may be the same suppressor genes that are involved in other cancers and in sporadic CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Cussenot
- Département d'Urologie, Université Paris-VII, Hôpital Saint-Louis, France.
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36
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial prostate cancer (CaP) accounts for 15-20% of all CaP, and hereditary CaP for 5-10% of patients. Few data are available concerning their clinical and biological features. METHODS We compared diagnostic modalities, age, clinical stage, PSA, and tumor grade at diagnosis in CaP patients according to familial CaP profile: hereditary (HR) (> or =3 CaP), familial nonhereditary (FNH) (= 2 CaP), and sporadic CaP. Only cases diagnosed after January 1, 1987 (PSA-available period) were included. We considered as informative sporadic (IS) cases those probands with 2+ nonaffected brothers at least 50 years old. Finally, 267 CaP (230 probands and 37 affected brothers) were studied. RESULTS In multivariate analysis, the only specific parameter significantly associated with HR and FNH CaP was early age at diagnosis; mean ages were 65.3 years (HR), 67 years (FNH), and 70.9 years (IS) (P < 0. 0001). No significant difference was observed concerning clinical stage, PSA, and tumor grade. In addition, diagnostic modalities were similar in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm the occurrence of early-onset CaP in hereditary families. Although the clinical and biological presentation of HR CaP remains controversial, the lack of specific features observed in our study leads us to conclude that there is no difference in the aggressiveness of the disease in hereditary compared to sporadic CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valeri
- Centre de Recherche pour les Pathologies Prostatiques, UPRES EA3104, Université Paris VII, Evry, France.
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37
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Naimi B, Latil A, Berthon P, Cussenot O. No evidence for fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR-3) R248C/S249C mutations in human prostate cancer. Int J Cancer 2000; 87:455-6. [PMID: 10897055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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38
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Valeri A, Fournier G, Morin V, Morin JF, Drelon E, Mangin P, Teillac P, Berthon P, Cussenot O. Early onset and familial predisposition to prostate cancer significantly enhance the probability for breast cancer in first degree relatives. Int J Cancer 2000; 86:883-7. [PMID: 10842206 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(20000615)86:6<883::aid-ijc20>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Genetic predisposition accounts for >/=10% of all cancer of the prostate (CaP) and is therefore considered a major risk factor, together with age and ethnic origin. Several epidemiological studies have suggested that familial clustering of CaP may be associated with an increased frequency of breast and other cancers among relatives. In order to correlate the incidence of CaP with prevalence of breast and other cancers, we have performed uni- and multi-variate analyses on 691 complete pedigrees including probands, who were consecutive patients with confirmed CaP treated in three French urological departments. We have shown a significantly higher risk (RR = 2.3, p = 0.01) to develop breast cancer in families with multiple than in those with a single CaP. Risk of observing other types of cancer within these families was not significant. We then calculated the breast cancer risk in early onset prostate cancer families, and observed a relative risk that is even more significant (RR = 5.5, p = 0.002). Furthermore, the risk was >30 times that a proband's mother have breast cancer if CaP occurred below 55 years of age, rather than after 75 years (p = 0.003). This study has therefore shown for the first time, the relatively high penetrance for breast cancer in relatives of early onset CaP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valeri
- Centre de Recherche pour les Pathologies Prostatiques (CeRePP), UPRES JE2153 Université Paris VII, Génopole, Evry, France.
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Lac G, Berthon P. Changes in cortisol and testosterone levels and T/C ratio during an endurance competition and recovery. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2000; 40:139-44. [PMID: 11034434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To describe the evolution of cortisol and testosterone levels and testosterone/cortisol (T/C) ratio in long-distance runners during a relay competition and during the three days following the competition. METHODS Two teams of four relayers (one male, one female) took part into this six-hour relay race. Hormonal control during the race was made possible thanks to saliva sampling during rest periods at each relay. The runners were subelite runners, (VO2max = 67.0 ml x min(-1) x kg(-1) in males and 56.8 ml x min(-1) x kg(-1) in females). RESULTS During the race, cortisol levels reached approximately 1.5-fold basal levels. These levels remained high till late evening, (higher than morning values, when normal resting levels are 4 to 6-folds lower). Surprisingly, wakening levels during the following days were lower than resting levels. Testosterone did not vary in females; then, male values only are reported. During the race they decreased gradually and remained low till night. During the following three days, testosterone levels were higher than resting day levels. The T/C ratio amplifies these variations: low during the race till retiring, (currently associated with a catabolic tendency) and reversely high during the following three days (associated with a high anabolic tendency). CONCLUSIONS As expected, a catabolic tendency occurs during a long distance run (increase in cortisol level followed by a drop in testosterone level). More surprising is the high anabolic tendency noted during the recovery period (low cortisol and high testosterone levels).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lac
- Lab. Perf. Motrice, Aubiere, France.
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Waller AS, Sharrard RM, Berthon P, Maitland NJ. Androgen receptor localisation and turnover in human prostate epithelium treated with the antiandrogen, casodex. J Mol Endocrinol 2000; 24:339-51. [PMID: 10828827 DOI: 10.1677/jme.0.0240339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In vitro models of normal and malignant human prostate are currently limited to a few well established cell lines that, with a single exception (LNCaP), fail to express the androgen receptor (AR) - a common characteristic of prostatic epithelium grown in culture. To investigate the molecular mechanism of action of the non-steroidal antiandrogen Casodex (bicalutamide) against wild-type AR, we have established a transient AR expression model in non-tumorigenic prostate cells of both epithelial and mesenchymal origin. In this model, both dihydrotestosterone and Casodex can effectively transport the AR protein into the nucleus of prostate cells. Whereas the natural ligand, dihydrotestosterone, stabilises the receptor, the AR is rapidly degraded at a nuclear location when the transfected cells are treated with Casodex. In contrast, whereas the mutant AR in the LNCaP line is also degraded on Casodex treatment over the same time period, its intracellular targeting is defective.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Waller
- Yorkshire Cancer Research, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5YW, UK
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the rationale for virus-mediated gene transfer into the urethra in vivo and in vitro, using a rabbit model, as this is an attractive approach to prevent recurrence after the endoscopic management of urethral strictures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary cultures of rabbit urethral stromal cells were infected with adenoviral and retroviral solutions carrying a nucleus-targeted beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) reporter gene (respectively 109 and 107 plaque-forming units/mL). In addition, to mimic the human clinical situation, a model was developed of thermally induced stricture in rabbit urethra which produced fibrotic stenosis within 15 days. Using a prototype channelled balloon catheter, these strictures were endoscopically dilated and then instilled with the beta-Gal adenoviral or retroviral constructs. RESULTS The application of recombinant adenovirus and retrovirus harbouring a nucleus-targeted beta-Gal reporter gene to cultured rabbit urethral stromal cells resulted in a high transduction efficiency of up to 90% and 96%, respectively. Five days after infection, histochemical and immunohistochemical staining of the strictured urethrae showed a 3% rate of transfection targeted to stromal cells within the fibrosis, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Adjacent and distal spread of the virus was excluded by histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and PCR. CONCLUSION These results represent the first report of endoscopic adenovirus and retrovirus-mediated gene transfer to the urethra. Although at a low rate, transduction reached stromal cells transmurally within the induced strictures and was site-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Meria
- Laboratoire de g¿en¿etique et pathobiologie des tumeurs prostatiques, D¿epartement d'urologie, H¿opital St-Louis, Paris, France
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42
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Valeri A, Drelon E, Paiss T, Vogel W, de Petriconi R, Hautmann R, Fournier G, Mangin P, Berthon P, Cussenot O. [Genetic analysis of familial prostatic cancer: localization of a gene predisposing to prostatic cancer (PCaP) on chromosome 1q 42.2-43]. Prog Urol 1999; 9:680-8. [PMID: 10555221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To conduct genetic linkage analysis in order to localize predisposition genes for hereditary prostate cancer (CaP), as various epidemiological studies have demonstrated a family aggregation in 15 to 25% of cases, and the development of hereditary forms in 5 to 10% of cases of CaP. MATERIAL AND METHODS A genetic study on 47 French and German families included 122 patients and 72 subjects considered to be healthy after PSA assay. This study was conducted by linkage analysis of 364 microsatellite markers distributed throughout the genome (on average every 10 cM). RESULTS Parametric and nonparametric linkage analysis identified a locus on chromosome 1q 42.2-43, which could be with a gene predisposing to CaP (called PCaP). The primary site was confirmed by several markers, using 3 different genetic models. The maximum LOD score (probability of linkage between the locus and the disease) on two-point analysis was 2.7 for the D1S2785 marker. Parametric and nonparametric multipoint analysis provided an HLOD score and an NPL score of 2.2 and 3.1, respectively (with P = 0.001). Heterogeneity analysis with calculations of LOD scores by multipoint analysis estimated that up to 50% of hereditary CaPs were related to this locus, with a heterogeneity probability of 157/1. Analysis of a subgroup of 9/47 families characterized by early onset CaP (before the age of 60 years) confirmed the very high probability of localization of a predisposition gene at locus 1q42.2-43 for these families (multipoint LOD score and NPL score of 3.31 and 3.32, respectively; with P = 0.001). CONCLUSION The identification of predisposition genes will eventually allow identification within certain families of those subjects who have inherited the genetic abnormality and who therefore present a high risk of CaP. It will then be possible to perform targeted screening of CaP in order to diagnose CaP as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valeri
- Centre de Recherches pour les Pathologies Prostatiques, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
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Valeri A, Drelon E, Azzouzi R, Delannoy A, Teillac P, Fournier G, Mangin P, Berthon P, Cussenot O. [Epidemiology of familial prostatic cancer: 4-year assessment of French studies]. Prog Urol 1999; 9:672-9. [PMID: 10555220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) To determine the frequency of familial (at least 2 cases) and hereditary forms of prostate cancer (CaP), (2) to define the results according to the patient's age at diagnosis, as various epidemiological studies have demonstrated a possible familial aggregation of CaP in about 15 to 25% of cases. Carter's familial segregation study (P.N.A.S. 1992, 89, 3367-71) showed that a genetic predisposition, with autosomal dominant transmission, could be responsible for 9% of all cases of prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a systematic genealogy study of patients suffering from newly diagnosed CaP or followed for known CaP in 3 French urological centres, by means of questionnaires completed by the patients. Subsequently, a national collection of families with at least 2 cases of CaP identified families with hereditary forms of CaP. Hereditary cases were considered to be those presenting at least: one CaP in three 1st degree relatives, or 3 cases over 3 generations in the same branch of the family (paternal or maternal), or finally 2 early cases before the age of 55 years. Statistical analysis used the univariate logistic regression test between family status and the medical centre or the patient's age at diagnosis. RESULTS From July 1994 onwards, we included 801 patients (all stages combined) in the systematic study and 110 patients (13.7%) were excluded (refusal to participate, advanced age). For 691 of the families studied (Brest: 225, Nancy: 249, Paris St Louis: 217), we observed 32 (14.2%), 29 (11.6%), 37 (17.1%) of familial forms (mean: 14.2%) and 11 (4.9%), 6 (2.4%), 8 (3.7%) of hereditary forms (mean: 3.6%), respectively (no significant differences between centres). Analysis of the results according to age at diagnosis of CaP also showed a higher incidence of familial (significant difference) and hereditary forms (limit of significance) for CaP occurring at a younger age (before 65 years). The national collection collected a total of 624 familial forms of CaP, including 236 (37.8%) cases of hereditary forms; 115 families were informative for the genetic linkage study. CONCLUSION These results confirm the data of earlier studies, revealing about 15 to 25% of familial forms of CaP and 5 to 10% of hereditary forms. Similarly, the systematic study confirmed the earlier onset of CaP in patients with a genetic predisposition. These data therefore encourage systematic questioning of patients for a family history of CaP in order to propose targeted screening of high-risk subjects in the families concerned and to intensify identification of hereditary forms in order to investigate the genes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Valeri
- Centre de Recherches pour les Pathologies Prostatiques, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
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Correa-Cerro L, Berthon P, Häussler J, Bochum S, Drelon E, Mangin P, Fournier G, Paiss T, Cussenot O, Vogel W. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms as markers in prostate cancer. Hum Genet 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/s004399900119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Correa-Cerro L, Berthon P, Häussler J, Bochum S, Drelon E, Mangin P, Fournier G, Paiss T, Cussenot O, Vogel W. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms as markers in prostate cancer. Hum Genet 1999; 105:281-7. [PMID: 10987658 DOI: 10.1007/s004390051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been analyzed in several studies for an association with prostate cancer (PCA) and odds ratios (OR) > or = 3 have been observed in study populations from North America. We studied three polymorphisms in the VDR gene (poly-A microsatellite, TaqI and FokI RFLPs) in 105 controls and 132 sporadic PCA cases from France and in a collection of families from Germany and France. The polymorphisms near the 3' end of the gene were in linkage disequilibrium with an almost complete coincidence of the short poly-A alleles and t (presence of the restriction site) of the TaqI polymorphism, (contingency tables, P<0.0001). An association was found by logistic regression for the poly-A between PCA and the heterozygous genotype (S/L; S < 17, L > or = 17, OR=0.44, 95% confidence interval, CI=0.198-0.966, P=0.041). OR was lower in patients < or = 70 years old and patients with a Gleason score > or = 6. The Tt genotype of the TaqI RFLP also showed an association with PCA (OR=0.5, CI=0.27-0.92, P=0.026). This association was also stronger for patients < or = 70 years old (OR=0.31, CI=0.15-0.63, P=0.001). The risk alleles were S and t alleles as indicated by the OR of the homozygotes, although these were not significant. The FokI RFLP at the 5' end of the gene did not reveal any association (P>0.7). While some association studies differ between Europe and North America, our present findings with the VDR gene agree with those from North America, indicating a weak but general role of the VDR in PCA susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Correa-Cerro
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Ulm, Germany
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Ropiquet F, Huguenin S, Villette JM, Ronflé V, Le Brun G, Maitland NJ, Cussenot O, Fiet J, Berthon P. FGF7/KGF triggers cell transformation and invasion on immortalised human prostatic epithelial PNT1A cells. Int J Cancer 1999; 82:237-43. [PMID: 10389758 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990719)82:2<237::aid-ijc14>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7/KGF) is synthesized exclusively by fibroblasts in normal tissues; it acts as a potent mitogen on epithelial cells, through interaction with the FGF7-specific receptor FGFR2/IIIb. To examine the importance of this growth factor both to prostate physiology and to prostate-cancer progression, we have tested the exogenous effect of FGF7. Thus, by mimicking the paracrine pathway (on proliferation, growth in soft agar and invasion) on the human prostatic epithelial cell line PNT1A positively checked for FGFR2/IIIb expression, FGF7 significantly enhanced cell proliferation at an optimal concentration of 7.5 x 10(-11) M, but no significant invasion or growth in soft agar were observed. To confirm FGF7 properties on human prostatic epithelial cells, we constitutively expressed FGF7 by transfecting PNT1A cells with FGF7-cDNA. The FGF7-transfected clones, PNT1A/ FGF7-T5 and PNT1A/FGF7-T6, were stable and expressed FGF7. Analysis of the FGF7-autocrine loop on the non-tumorigenic epithelial cells PNT1A showed acquired invasive potential in in vitro extracellular-matrix migration assays, specifically inhibited by an FGF7-neutralizing antibody, and over-expressed factors implicated in the migration process: the metalloproteinase MMP-1 and the plasminogen activator uPA. Taken together, these results demonstrate a role for FGF7 in triggering invasion of human prostatic epithelial cells. Furthermore, these FGF7-transfected clones exhibited functional and physiological differences from the original PNT1A cell line: anchorage-independent growth, growth in serum-free media and increased proliferation. These data confirm the oncogenic function of FGF7 in prostate progression potentially acting through paracrine and/or autocrine regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ropiquet
- Centre de Recherche pour les Pathologies Prostatiques, Département d'Urologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
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Ropiquet F, Huguenin S, Villette JM, Ronflé V, Le Brun G, Maitland NJ, Cussenot O, Fiet J, Berthon P. FGF7/KGF triggers cell transformation and invasion on immortalised human prostatic epithelial PNT1A cells. Int J Cancer 1999. [PMID: 10389758 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990719)82:2%3c237::aid-ijc14%3e3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7/KGF) is synthesized exclusively by fibroblasts in normal tissues; it acts as a potent mitogen on epithelial cells, through interaction with the FGF7-specific receptor FGFR2/IIIb. To examine the importance of this growth factor both to prostate physiology and to prostate-cancer progression, we have tested the exogenous effect of FGF7. Thus, by mimicking the paracrine pathway (on proliferation, growth in soft agar and invasion) on the human prostatic epithelial cell line PNT1A positively checked for FGFR2/IIIb expression, FGF7 significantly enhanced cell proliferation at an optimal concentration of 7.5 x 10(-11) M, but no significant invasion or growth in soft agar were observed. To confirm FGF7 properties on human prostatic epithelial cells, we constitutively expressed FGF7 by transfecting PNT1A cells with FGF7-cDNA. The FGF7-transfected clones, PNT1A/ FGF7-T5 and PNT1A/FGF7-T6, were stable and expressed FGF7. Analysis of the FGF7-autocrine loop on the non-tumorigenic epithelial cells PNT1A showed acquired invasive potential in in vitro extracellular-matrix migration assays, specifically inhibited by an FGF7-neutralizing antibody, and over-expressed factors implicated in the migration process: the metalloproteinase MMP-1 and the plasminogen activator uPA. Taken together, these results demonstrate a role for FGF7 in triggering invasion of human prostatic epithelial cells. Furthermore, these FGF7-transfected clones exhibited functional and physiological differences from the original PNT1A cell line: anchorage-independent growth, growth in serum-free media and increased proliferation. These data confirm the oncogenic function of FGF7 in prostate progression potentially acting through paracrine and/or autocrine regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ropiquet
- Centre de Recherche pour les Pathologies Prostatiques, Département d'Urologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
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Meria P, Anidjar M, Brouland JP, Teillac P, Le Duc A, Berthon P, Cussenot O. An experimental model of bulbar urethral stricture in rabbits using endoscopic radiofrequency coagulation. Urology 1999; 53:1054-7. [PMID: 10223505 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(98)00642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an experimental model of endoscopic urethral stricture mimicking the human clinical situation. METHODS Twenty-four New Zealand male rabbits were included. Eighteen animals (study group) underwent videourethroscopy with a pediatric resectoscope, and a 3 to 5-mm-long circumferential electrocoagulation of the bulbar urethra was performed, without postoperative urinary diversion. Six animals underwent the same procedure without application of electrocautery (control group). Each animal was assessed for urethral stricture on day 15 and day 30 by videourethroscopy and voiding cystogram. Among the study group, 8 animals were killed on day 15 and 10 on day 30 for histologic evaluation. All the control animals were killed on day 30 for histologic examination. RESULTS Nine animals (50%) in the study group developed a significant bulbar stricture (reducing the lumen by more than 50%) at day 15. Histologic examination confirmed the presence of hyalin fibrosis mutilating the urethral wall. No spontaneous improvement of the stricture was observed on day 30. None of the controls developed urethral stricture, and histologic examination showed a normal urethra in each case. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic electrocoagulation of the urethral wall provides a reproducible model of stricture in the rabbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Meria
- Department of Urology and Urological Research, St-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
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Anidjar M, Mongiat-Artus P, Brouland JP, Cochand-Priollet B, Teillac P, Le Duc A, Berthon P, Cussenot O. Ureteral gene transfer to porcine induced strictures using endourologic delivery of an adenoviral vector. J Urol 1999; 161:1636-43. [PMID: 10210431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Direct gene transfer to the ureter is an attractive approach to prevent restenosis after endourologic management of ureteral strictures. We therefore assessed the rationale for adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in the ureter in vitro and in vivo using a porcine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary cultures of porcine ureteral epithelial and stromal cells were infected with an adenoviral solution carrying a nucleus-targeted beta-Galactosidase (beta-Gal) reporter gene (6.5 10(8) pfu/ml.). In addition, in order to mimic the human clinical situation, we have devised a model of thermally-induced stricture in porcine ureter which produced tight fibrotic stenosis within 8 days. Using a purposely designed channelled balloon catheter prototype, these strictures were endoscopically dilated and then instilled with the same beta-Gal adenoviral construction. RESULTS Application of recombinant adenovirus harboring a nucleus-targeted beta-Gal reporter gene to cultured porcine urothelial and stromal cells resulted in high transduction efficiency of up to 99% and 84% respectively. Seven days after infection, X-Gal staining of the strictured ureters demonstrated transfection up to 2 mm. depth within the fibrosis, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Adjacent and distal spread of the virus was excluded by histochemistry (X-Gal staining) and PCR. CONCLUSION This data represents the first report of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the ureter. It remained site specific by endourologic retrograde clinically applicable techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Anidjar
- Département d'Urologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
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Correa-Cerro L, Wöhr G, Häussler J, Berthon P, Drelon E, Mangin P, Fournier G, Cussenot O, Kraus P, Just W, Paiss T, Cantú JM, Vogel W. (CAG)nCAA and GGN repeats in the human androgen receptor gene are not associated with prostate cancer in a French-German population. Eur J Hum Genet 1999; 7:357-62. [PMID: 10234512 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alleles of the CAG and the GGC repeat in the first exon of the human androgen receptor (AR) gene have been shown to be associated with the risk of (advanced) prostate cancer. These studies had been carried out in the United States. We have analysed these polymorphisms in a French-German collection of 105 controls, 132 sporadic cases, and a sample of prostate cancer families comprising 85 affected and 46 not affected family members. The allele distributions were very similar in all four groups and chi square statistics on contingency tables did not detect any significant differences. The relative risk (odds ratio, OR) were calculated using logistic regression and did not reach significance despite sufficient numbers of patients and controls. Typical results were OR = 1.007; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.97-1.1, P = 0.87 for CAG as continuous variable and OR = 1.2 (95% CI 0.7-2.0), P = 0.47 for CAG classes < 22 and > = 22 repeats. Similar results were obtained for subgroups defined by age or Gleason score. We conclude that these polymorphisms can not be used as predictive parameters for prostate cancer in the French or German population.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Correa-Cerro
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Ulm, Germany
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