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Tisthammer KH, Martinez JA, Downs CA, Richmond RH. Differential molecular biomarker expression in corals over a gradient of water quality stressors in Maunalua Bay, Hawaii. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1346045. [PMID: 38476143 PMCID: PMC10928694 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1346045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Coral reefs globally face unprecedented challenges from anthropogenic stressors, necessitating innovative approaches for effective assessment and management. Molecular biomarkers, particularly those related to protein expressions, provide a promising avenue for diagnosing coral health at the cellular level. This study employed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to evaluate stress responses in the coral Porites lobata along an environmental gradient in Maunalua Bay, Hawaii. The results revealed distinct protein expression patterns correlating with anthropogenic stressor levels across the bay. Some proteins, such as ubiquitin and Hsp70, emerged as sensitive biomarkers, displaying a linear decrease in response along the environmental gradient, emphasizing their potential as indicators of stress. Our findings highlighted the feasibility of using protein biomarkers for real-time assessment of coral health and the identification of stressors. The identified biomarkers can aid in establishing stress thresholds and evaluating the efficacy of management interventions. Additionally, we assessed sediment and water quality from the inshore areas in the bay and identified organic contaminants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides, in bay sediments and waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaho H. Tisthammer
- Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | | | - Craig A. Downs
- Haereticus Environmental Laboratory, Clifford, VA, United States
| | - Robert H. Richmond
- Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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2
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Henke AN, Chilukuri S, Langan LM, Brooks BW. Reporting and reproducibility: Proteomics of fish models in environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168455. [PMID: 37979845 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology research efforts are employing proteomics with fish models as New Approach Methodologies, along with in silico, in vitro and other omics techniques to elucidate hazards of toxicants and toxins. We performed a critical review of toxicology studies with fish models using proteomics and reported fundamental parameters across experimental design, sample preparation, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics of fish, which represent alternative vertebrate models in environmental toxicology, and routinely studied animals in ecotoxicology. We observed inconsistencies in reporting and methodologies among experimental designs, sample preparations, data acquisitions and bioinformatics, which can affect reproducibility of experimental results. We identified a distinct need to develop reporting guidelines for proteomics use in environmental toxicology and ecotoxicology, increased QA/QC throughout studies, and method optimization with an emphasis on reducing inconsistencies among studies. Several recommendations are offered as logical steps to advance development and application of this emerging research area to understand chemical hazards to public health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail N Henke
- Department of Biology, Baylor University Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University Waco, TX, USA
| | | | - Laura M Langan
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University Waco, TX, USA.
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University Waco, TX, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research (CRASR), Baylor University Waco, TX, USA.
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3
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Nazli A, Qiu J, Tang Z, He Y. Recent Advances and Techniques for Identifying Novel Antibacterial Targets. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:464-501. [PMID: 36734893 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230123143458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, the development of new antibiotics is urgently required. Target-based drug discovery is the most frequently employed approach for the drug development process. However, traditional drug target identification techniques are costly and time-consuming. As research continues, innovative approaches for antibacterial target identification have been developed which enabled us to discover drug targets more easily and quickly. METHODS In this review, methods for finding drug targets from omics databases have been discussed in detail including principles, procedures, advantages, and potential limitations. The role of phage-driven and bacterial cytological profiling approaches is also discussed. Moreover, current article demonstrates the advancements being made in the establishment of computational tools, machine learning algorithms, and databases for antibacterial target identification. RESULTS Bacterial drug targets successfully identified by employing these aforementioned techniques are described as well. CONCLUSION The goal of this review is to attract the interest of synthetic chemists, biologists, and computational researchers to discuss and improve these methods for easier and quicker development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adila Nazli
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Qiu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266 Fangzheng Avenue, Chongqing, 400714, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Tang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266 Fangzheng Avenue, Chongqing, 400714, P. R. China
| | - Yun He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China
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4
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Liu Y, Su L, Wang R, Dai X, Li X, Chang Y, Zhao S, Chen H, Yin Z, Wu G, Zhou H, Zheng L, Zhai Y. Comparative 4D Label-Free Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Bombus terrestris Provides Insights into Proteins and Processes Associated with Diapause. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:326. [PMID: 38203496 PMCID: PMC10778897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diapause, an adaptative strategy for survival under harsh conditions, is a dynamic multi-stage process. Bombus terrestris, an important agricultural pollinator, is declining in the wild, but artificial breeding is possible by imitating natural conditions. Mated queen bees enter reproductive diapause in winter and recover in spring, but the regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, we conducted a comparative 4D label-free proteomic analysis of queen bees during artificial breeding at seven timepoints, including pre-diapause, diapause, and post-diapause stages. Through bioinformatics analysis of proteomic and detection of substance content changes, our results found that, during pre-diapause stages, queen bees had active mitochondria with high levels of oxidative phosphorylation, high body weight, and glycogen and TAG content, all of which support energy consumption during subsequent diapause. During diapause stages, body weight and water content were decreased but glycerol increased, contributing to cold resistance. Dopamine content, immune defense, and protein phosphorylation were elevated, while fat metabolism, protein export, cell communication, signal transduction, and hydrolase activity decreased. Following diapause termination, JH titer, water, fatty acid, and pyruvate levels increased, catabolism, synaptic transmission, and insulin signaling were stimulated, ribosome and cell cycle proteins were upregulated, and cell proliferation was accelerated. Meanwhile, TAG and glycogen content decreased, and ovaries gradually developed. These findings illuminate changes occurring in queen bees at different diapause stages during commercial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Long Su
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ruijuan Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiuxue Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yuqing Chang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shan Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhenjuan Yin
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guang’an Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
| | - Li Zheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yifan Zhai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 23788 Gongye North Road, Jinan 250100, China; (Y.L.); (L.S.); (R.W.); (X.D.); (X.L.); (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (H.C.); (Z.Y.); (L.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Natural Enemies Insects, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China; (G.W.); (H.Z.)
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center on Biocontrol of Crops Pests, Jinan 250100, China
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5
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Gleason LU, Fekete FJ, Tanner RL, Dowd WW. Multi-omics reveals largely distinct transcript- and protein-level responses to the environment in an intertidal mussel. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:jeb245962. [PMID: 37902141 PMCID: PMC10690110 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.245962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Organismal responses to stressful environments are influenced by numerous transcript- and protein-level mechanisms, and the relationships between expression changes at these levels are not always straightforward. Here, we used paired transcriptomic and proteomic datasets from two previous studies from gill of the California mussel, Mytilus californianus, to explore how simultaneous transcript and protein abundance patterns may diverge under different environmental scenarios. Field-acclimatized mussels were sampled from two disparate intertidal sites; individuals from one site were subjected to three further treatments (common garden, low-intertidal or high-intertidal outplant) that vary in temperature and feeding time. Assessing 1519 genes shared between the two datasets revealed that both transcript and protein expression patterns differentiated the treatments at a global level, despite numerous underlying discrepancies. There were far more instances of differential expression between treatments in transcript only (1451) or protein only (226) than of the two levels shifting expression concordantly (68 instances). Upregulated expression of cilium-associated transcripts (likely related to feeding) was associated with relatively benign field treatments. In the most stressful treatment, transcripts, but not proteins, for several molecular chaperones (including heat shock proteins and endoplasmic reticulum chaperones) were more abundant, consistent with a threshold model for induction of translation of constitutively available mRNAs. Overall, these results suggest that the relative importance of transcript- and protein-level regulation (translation and/or turnover) differs among cellular functions and across specific microhabitats or environmental contexts. Furthermore, the degree of concordance between transcript and protein expression can vary across benign versus acutely stressful environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lani U. Gleason
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA
| | - Florian J. Fekete
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 95819, USA
| | - Richelle L. Tanner
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - W. Wesley Dowd
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
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6
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Elowe CR, Babbitt C, Gerson AR. White-throated sparrow ( Zonotrichia albicollis) liver and pectoralis flight muscle transcriptomic changes in preparation for migration. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:544-556. [PMID: 37694280 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00018.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Migratory songbirds undertake challenging journeys to reach their breeding grounds each spring. They accomplish these nonstop flapping feats of endurance through a suite of physiological changes, including the development of substantial fat stores and flight muscle hypertrophy and an increased capacity for fat catabolism. In addition, migratory birds may show large reductions in organ masses during flight, including the flight muscle and liver, which they must rapidly rebuild during their migratory stopover before replenishing their fat stores. However, the molecular basis of this capacity for rapid tissue remodeling and energetic output has not been thoroughly investigated. We performed RNA-sequencing analysis of the liver and pectoralis flight muscle of captive white-throated sparrows in experimentally photostimulated migratory and nonmigratory condition to explore the mechanisms of seasonal change to metabolism and tissue mass regulation that may facilitate these migratory journeys. Based on transcriptional changes, we propose that tissue-specific adjustments in preparation for migration may alleviate the damaging effects of long-duration activity, including a potential increase to the inflammatory response in the muscle. Furthermore, we hypothesize that seasonal hypertrophy balances satellite cell recruitment and apoptosis, while little evidence appeared in the transcriptome to support myostatin-, insulin-like growth factor 1-, and mammalian target of rapamycin-mediated pathways for muscle growth. These findings can encourage more targeted molecular studies on the unique integration of pathways that we find in the development of the migratory endurance phenotype in songbirds.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Migratory songbirds undergo significant physiological changes to accomplish their impressive migratory journeys. However, we have a limited understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying these changes. Here, we explore the transcriptomic changes to the flight muscle and liver of white-throated sparrows as they develop the migratory condition. We use these patterns to develop hypotheses about metabolic flexibility and tissue restructuring in preparation for migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory R Elowe
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
- Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Courtney Babbitt
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
- Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Alexander R Gerson
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
- Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, United States
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7
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Yadav BG, Aakanksha, Kumar R, Yadava SK, Kumar A, Ramchiary N. Understanding the Proteomes of Plant Development and Stress Responses in Brassica Crops. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:660-680. [PMID: 36786770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Brassica crops have great economic value due to their rich nutritional content and are therefore grown worldwide as oilseeds, vegetables, and condiments. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms associated with the advantageous phenotype is the major objective of various Brassica improvement programs. As large technological advancements have been achieved in the past decade, the methods to understand molecular mechanisms underlying the traits of interest have also taken a sharp upturn in plant breeding practices. Proteomics has emerged as one of the preferred choices nowadays along with genomics and other molecular approaches, as proteins are the ultimate effector molecules responsible for phenotypic changes in living systems, and allow plants to resist variable environmental stresses. In the last two decades, rapid progress has been made in the field of proteomics research in Brassica crops, but a comprehensive review that collates the different studies is lacking. This review provides an inclusive summary of different proteomic studies undertaken in Brassica crops for cytoplasmic male sterility, oil content, and proteomics of floral organs and seeds, under different biotic and abiotic stresses including post-translational modifications of proteins. This comprehensive review will help in understanding the role of different proteins in controlling plant phenotypes, and provides information for initiating future studies on Brassica breeding and improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bal Govind Yadav
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India
| | - Aakanksha
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India
| | - Satish Kumar Yadava
- Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Plant Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod 671316, Kerala, India
| | - Nirala Ramchiary
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, Delhi, India
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8
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Proença S, van Sabben N, Legler J, Kamstra JH, Kramer NI. The effects of hexabromocyclododecane on the transcriptome and hepatic enzyme activity in three human HepaRG-based models. Toxicology 2023; 485:153411. [PMID: 36572169 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The disruption of thyroid hormone homeostasis by hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in rodents is hypothesized to be due to HBCD increasing the hepatic clearance of thyroxine (T4). The extent to which these effects are relevant to humans is unclear. To evaluate HBCD effects on humans, the activation of key hepatic nuclear receptors and the consequent disruption of thyroid hormone homeostasis were studied in different human hepatic cell models. The hepatoma cell line, HepaRG, cultured as two-dimensional (2D), sandwich (SW) and spheroid (3D) cultures, and primary human hepatocytes (PHH) cultured as sandwich were exposed to 1 and 10 µM HBCD and characterized for their transcriptome changes. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that 3D models, followed by SW, had a stronger transcriptome response to HBCD, which is explained by the higher expression of hepatic nuclear receptors but also greater accumulation of HBCD measured inside cells in these models. The Pregnane X receptor pathway is one of the pathways most upregulated across the three hepatic models, followed by the constitutive androstane receptor and general hepatic nuclear receptors pathways. Lipid metabolism pathways had a downregulation tendency in all exposures and in both PHH and the three cultivation modes of HepaRG. The activity of enzymes related to PXR/CAR induction and T4 metabolism were evaluated in the three different types of HepaRG cultures exposed to HBCD for 48 h. Reference inducers, rifampicin and PCB-153 did affect 2D and SW HepaRG cultures' enzymatic activity but not 3D. HBCD did not induce the activity of any of the studied enzymes in any of the cell models and culture methods. This study illustrates that for nuclear receptor-mediated T4 disruption, transcriptome changes might not be indicative of an actual adverse effect. Clarification of the reasons for the lack of translation is essential to evaluate new chemicals' potential to be thyroid hormone disruptors by altering thyroid hormone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Proença
- Department of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Toxicology Division, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Nick van Sabben
- Department of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Juliette Legler
- Department of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jorke H Kamstra
- Department of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nynke I Kramer
- Department of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Toxicology Division, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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9
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Lee RY, Ng CW, Rajapakse MP, Ang N, Yeong JPS, Lau MC. The promise and challenge of spatial omics in dissecting tumour microenvironment and the role of AI. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1172314. [PMID: 37197415 PMCID: PMC10183599 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1172314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence supports the critical role of tumour microenvironment (TME) in tumour progression, metastases, and treatment response. However, the in-situ interplay among various TME components, particularly between immune and tumour cells, are largely unknown, hindering our understanding of how tumour progresses and responds to treatment. While mainstream single-cell omics techniques allow deep, single-cell phenotyping, they lack crucial spatial information for in-situ cell-cell interaction analysis. On the other hand, tissue-based approaches such as hematoxylin and eosin and chromogenic immunohistochemistry staining can preserve the spatial information of TME components but are limited by their low-content staining. High-content spatial profiling technologies, termed spatial omics, have greatly advanced in the past decades to overcome these limitations. These technologies continue to emerge to include more molecular features (RNAs and/or proteins) and to enhance spatial resolution, opening new opportunities for discovering novel biological knowledge, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. These advancements also spur the need for novel computational methods to mine useful TME insights from the increasing data complexity confounded by high molecular features and spatial resolution. In this review, we present state-of-the-art spatial omics technologies, their applications, major strengths, and limitations as well as the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in TME studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Yuan Lee
- Singapore Thong Chai Medical Institution, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chan Way Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Nicholas Ang
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joe Poh Sheng Yeong
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Joe Poh Sheng Yeong, ; Mai Chan Lau,
| | - Mai Chan Lau
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- *Correspondence: Joe Poh Sheng Yeong, ; Mai Chan Lau,
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10
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Davies SW, Gamache MH, Howe-Kerr LI, Kriefall NG, Baker AC, Banaszak AT, Bay LK, Bellantuono AJ, Bhattacharya D, Chan CX, Claar DC, Coffroth MA, Cunning R, Davy SK, del Campo J, Díaz-Almeyda EM, Frommlet JC, Fuess LE, González-Pech RA, Goulet TL, Hoadley KD, Howells EJ, Hume BCC, Kemp DW, Kenkel CD, Kitchen SA, LaJeunesse TC, Lin S, McIlroy SE, McMinds R, Nitschke MR, Oakley CA, Peixoto RS, Prada C, Putnam HM, Quigley K, Reich HG, Reimer JD, Rodriguez-Lanetty M, Rosales SM, Saad OS, Sampayo EM, Santos SR, Shoguchi E, Smith EG, Stat M, Stephens TG, Strader ME, Suggett DJ, Swain TD, Tran C, Traylor-Knowles N, Voolstra CR, Warner ME, Weis VM, Wright RM, Xiang T, Yamashita H, Ziegler M, Correa AMS, Parkinson JE. Building consensus around the assessment and interpretation of Symbiodiniaceae diversity. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15023. [PMID: 37151292 PMCID: PMC10162043 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Within microeukaryotes, genetic variation and functional variation sometimes accumulate more quickly than morphological differences. To understand the evolutionary history and ecology of such lineages, it is key to examine diversity at multiple levels of organization. In the dinoflagellate family Symbiodiniaceae, which can form endosymbioses with cnidarians (e.g., corals, octocorals, sea anemones, jellyfish), other marine invertebrates (e.g., sponges, molluscs, flatworms), and protists (e.g., foraminifera), molecular data have been used extensively over the past three decades to describe phenotypes and to make evolutionary and ecological inferences. Despite advances in Symbiodiniaceae genomics, a lack of consensus among researchers with respect to interpreting genetic data has slowed progress in the field and acted as a barrier to reconciling observations. Here, we identify key challenges regarding the assessment and interpretation of Symbiodiniaceae genetic diversity across three levels: species, populations, and communities. We summarize areas of agreement and highlight techniques and approaches that are broadly accepted. In areas where debate remains, we identify unresolved issues and discuss technologies and approaches that can help to fill knowledge gaps related to genetic and phenotypic diversity. We also discuss ways to stimulate progress, in particular by fostering a more inclusive and collaborative research community. We hope that this perspective will inspire and accelerate coral reef science by serving as a resource to those designing experiments, publishing research, and applying for funding related to Symbiodiniaceae and their symbiotic partnerships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah W. Davies
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew H. Gamache
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | | | | | - Andrew C. Baker
- Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Anastazia T. Banaszak
- Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto Morelos, Mexico
| | - Line Kolind Bay
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia
| | - Anthony J. Bellantuono
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Debashish Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Cheong Xin Chan
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Danielle C. Claar
- Nearshore Habitat Program, Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, WA, USA
| | | | - Ross Cunning
- Daniel P. Haerther Center for Conservation and Research, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Simon K. Davy
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Javier del Campo
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC - Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Jörg C. Frommlet
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lauren E. Fuess
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, United States
| | - Raúl A. González-Pech
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Tamar L. Goulet
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS, United States
| | - Kenneth D. Hoadley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama—Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Emily J. Howells
- National Marine Science Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Dustin W. Kemp
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama—Birmingham, Birmingham, Al, United States
| | - Carly D. Kenkel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sheila A. Kitchen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Todd C. LaJeunesse
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Senjie Lin
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, United States
| | - Shelby E. McIlroy
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ryan McMinds
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Disease Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | | | - Clinton A. Oakley
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Raquel S. Peixoto
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlos Prada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - Hollie M. Putnam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | | | - Hannah G. Reich
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States
| | - James Davis Reimer
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | | | - Stephanie M. Rosales
- The Cooperative Institute For Marine and Atmospheric Studies, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Osama S. Saad
- Department of Biological Oceanography, Red Sea University, Port-Sudan, Sudan
| | - Eugenia M. Sampayo
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott R. Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Eiichi Shoguchi
- Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Edward G. Smith
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Michael Stat
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy G. Stephens
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Marie E. Strader
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - David J. Suggett
- Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy D. Swain
- Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Nova Southeastern University, Dania Beach, FL, United States
| | - Cawa Tran
- Department of Biology, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Nikki Traylor-Knowles
- Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Mark E. Warner
- School of Marine Science and Policy, University of Delaware, Lewes, DE, United States
| | - Virginia M. Weis
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Rachel M. Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Tingting Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Hiroshi Yamashita
- Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Ishigaki, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Maren Ziegler
- Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus Liebig University Giessen (Germany), Giessen, Germany
| | | | - John Everett Parkinson
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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11
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Tubatsi G, Kebaabetswe LP, Musee N. Proteomic evaluation of nanotoxicity in aquatic organisms: A review. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2200008. [PMID: 36107811 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The alteration of organisms protein functions by engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) is dependent on the complex interplay between their inherent physicochemical properties (e.g., size, surface coating, shape) and environmental conditions (e.g., pH, organic matter). To date, there is increasing interest on the use of 'omics' approaches, such as proteomics, genomics, and others, to study ENPs-biomolecules interactions in aquatic organisms. However, although proteomics has recently been applied to investigate effects of ENPs and associated mechanisms in aquatic organisms, its use remain limited. Herein, proteomics techniques widely applied to investigate ENPs-protein interactions in aquatic organisms are reviewed. Data demonstrates that 2DE and mass spectrometry and/or their combination, thereof, are the most suitable techniques to elucidate ENPs-protein interactions. Furthermore, current status on ENPs and protein interactions, and possible mechanisms of nanotoxicity with emphasis on those that exert influence at protein expression levels, and key influencing factors on ENPs-proteins interactions are outlined. Most reported studies were done using synthetic media and essay protocols and had wide variability (not standardized); this may consequently limit data application in actual environmental systems. Therefore, there is a need for studies using realistic environmental concentrations of ENPs, and actual environmental matrixes (e.g., surface water) to aid better model development of ENPs-proteins interactions in aquatic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gosaitse Tubatsi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Palapye, Botswana
| | - Lemme Prica Kebaabetswe
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Palapye, Botswana
| | - Ndeke Musee
- Emerging Contaminants Ecological and Risk Assessment (ECERA) Research Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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12
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Ebner JN, Wyss MK, Ritz D, von Fumetti S. Effects of thermal acclimation on the proteome of the planarian Crenobia alpina from an alpine freshwater spring. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276068. [PMID: 35875852 PMCID: PMC9440759 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Species' acclimation capacity and their ability to maintain molecular homeostasis outside ideal temperature ranges will partly predict their success following climate change-induced thermal regime shifts. Theory predicts that ectothermic organisms from thermally stable environments have muted plasticity, and that these species may be particularly vulnerable to temperature increases. Whether such species retained or lost acclimation capacity remains largely unknown. We studied proteome changes in the planarian Crenobia alpina, a prominent member of cold-stable alpine habitats that is considered to be a cold-adapted stenotherm. We found that the species' critical thermal maximum (CTmax) is above its experienced habitat temperatures and that different populations exhibit differential CTmax acclimation capacity, whereby an alpine population showed reduced plasticity. In a separate experiment, we acclimated C. alpina individuals from the alpine population to 8, 11, 14 or 17°C over the course of 168 h and compared their comprehensively annotated proteomes. Network analyses of 3399 proteins and protein set enrichment showed that while the species' proteome is overall stable across these temperatures, protein sets functioning in oxidative stress response, mitochondria, protein synthesis and turnover are lower in abundance following warm acclimation. Proteins associated with an unfolded protein response, ciliogenesis, tissue damage repair, development and the innate immune system were higher in abundance following warm acclimation. Our findings suggest that this species has not suffered DNA decay (e.g. loss of heat-shock proteins) during evolution in a cold-stable environment and has retained plasticity in response to elevated temperatures, challenging the notion that stable environments necessarily result in muted plasticity. Summary: The proteome of an alpine Crenobia alpina population shows plasticity in response to acclimation to warmer temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Niklas Ebner
- 1 Spring Ecology Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Kathrin Wyss
- 1 Spring Ecology Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danilo Ritz
- 2 Proteomics Core Facility, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefanie von Fumetti
- 1 Spring Ecology Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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13
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Strzepek RF, Nunn BL, Bach LT, Berges JA, Young EB, Boyd PW. The ongoing need for rates: can physiology and omics come together to co-design the measurements needed to understand complex ocean biogeochemistry? JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH 2022; 44:485-495. [PMID: 35898813 PMCID: PMC9310281 DOI: 10.1093/plankt/fbac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The necessity to understand the influence of global ocean change on biota has exposed wide-ranging gaps in our knowledge of the fundamental principles that underpin marine life. Concurrently, physiological research has stagnated, in part driven by the advent and rapid evolution of molecular biological techniques, such that they now influence all lines of enquiry in biological oceanography. This dominance has led to an implicit assumption that physiology is outmoded, and advocacy that ecological and biogeochemical models can be directly informed by omics. However, the main modeling currencies are biological rates and biogeochemical fluxes. Here, we ask: how do we translate the wealth of information on physiological potential from omics-based studies to quantifiable physiological rates and, ultimately, to biogeochemical fluxes? Based on the trajectory of the state-of-the-art in biomedical sciences, along with case-studies from ocean sciences, we conclude that it is unlikely that omics can provide such rates in the coming decade. Thus, while physiological rates will continue to be central to providing projections of global change biology, we must revisit the metrics we rely upon. We advocate for the co-design of a new generation of rate measurements that better link the benefits of omics and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brook L Nunn
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Foege Building S113 3720 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lennart T Bach
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7004, Australia
| | - John A Berges
- Department of Biological Sciences and School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Erica B Young
- Department of Biological Sciences and School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3209 N. Maryland Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Philip W Boyd
- Australian Antarctic Program Partnership (AAPP), Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, 20 Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7004, Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7004, Australia
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14
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Godefroid M, Dupont S, Metian M, Hédouin L. Two decades of seawater acidification experiments on tropical scleractinian corals: Overview, meta-analysis and perspectives. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 178:113552. [PMID: 35339865 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification has emerged as a major concern in the last fifteen years and studies on the impacts of seawater acidification on marine organisms have multiplied accordingly. This review aimed at synthesizing the literature on the effects of seawater acidification on tropical scleractinians under laboratory-controlled conditions. We identified 141 articles (published between 1999 and 2021) and separated endpoints into 22 biological categories to identify global trends for mitigation and gaps in knowledge and research priorities for future investigators. The relative number of affected endpoints increased with pH intensity (particularly for endpoints associated to calcification and reproduction). When exposed to pH 7.6-7.8 (compared to higher pH), 49% of endpoints were affected. The diversity in experimental designs prevented deciphering the modulating role of coral life stages, genera or duration of exposure. Finally, important bias in research efforts included most experiments on adult corals (68.5%), in 27 out of 150 (18%) coral ecoregions and exclusively from shallow-waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Godefroid
- PSL Research University: EPHE-CNRS-UPVD, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Mo'orea, French Polynesia; Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Mo'orea, French Polynesia.
| | - Sam Dupont
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Kristineberg 566, 45178 Fiskebäckskil, Sweden; Radioecology Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Marine Laboratories, 4 Quai Antoine 1er, 98000, Monaco
| | - Marc Metian
- Radioecology Laboratory International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Marine Laboratories, 4 Quai Antoine 1er, 98000, Monaco
| | - Laetitia Hédouin
- PSL Research University: EPHE-CNRS-UPVD, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Mo'orea, French Polynesia; Laboratoire d'Excellence "CORAIL", Mo'orea, French Polynesia
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15
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Tanner RL, Gleason LU, Dowd WW. Environment-driven shifts in inter-individual variation and phenotypic integration within subnetworks of the mussel transcriptome and proteome. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:3112-3127. [PMID: 35363903 PMCID: PMC9321163 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The environment can alter the magnitude of phenotypic variation among individuals, potentially influencing evolutionary trajectories. However, environmental influences on variation are complex and remain understudied. Populations in heterogeneous environments might exhibit more variation, the amount of variation could differ between benign and stressful conditions, and/or variation might manifest in different ways among stages of the gene‐to‐protein expression cascade or among physiological functions. Here, we explore these three issues by quantifying patterns of inter‐individual variation in both transcript and protein expression levels among California mussels, Mytilus californianus Conrad. Mussels were exposed to five ecologically relevant treatments that varied in the mean and interindividual heterogeneity of body temperature. To target a diverse set of physiological functions, we assessed variation within 19 expression subnetworks, including canonical stress‐response pathways and empirically derived coexpression clusters that represent a diffuse set of cellular processes. Variation in expression was particularly pronounced in the treatments with high mean and heterogeneous body temperatures. However, with few exceptions, environment‐dependent shifts of variation in the transcriptome were not reflected in the proteome. A metric of phenotypic integration provided evidence for a greater degree of constraint on relative expression levels (i.e., stronger correlation) within expression subnetworks in benign, homogeneous environments. Our results suggest that environments that are more stressful on average – and which also tend to be more heterogeneous – can relax these expression constraints and reduce phenotypic integration within biochemical subnetworks. Context‐dependent “unmasking” of functional variation may contribute to interindividual differences in physiological phenotype and performance in stressful environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richelle L Tanner
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.,Environmental Science & Policy Program, Chapman University, Orange, CA, 92866, USA
| | - Lani U Gleason
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, 95819, USA
| | - W Wesley Dowd
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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16
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Gu X, Chen W, Perry T, Batterham P, Hoffmann AA. Genomic knockout of hsp23 both decreases and increases fitness under opposing thermal extremes in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 139:103652. [PMID: 34562590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Under exposure to harmful environmental stresses, organisms exhibit a general stress response involving upregulation of the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) which is thought to be adaptive. Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are key components of this response, although shsp genes may have other essential roles in development. However, the upregulation of expression of a suite of genes under stress may not necessarily be evidence of an adaptive response to stress that involves those genes. To explore this issue, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 system to investigate pleiotropic effects of the hsp23 gene in Drosophila melanogaster. Transgenic flies carrying a pCFD5 plasmid containing sgRNAs were created to generate a complete knockout of the hsp23 gene. The transgenic line lacking hsp23 showed an increased hatch rate and no major fitness costs under an intermediate temperature used for culturing the flies. In addition, hsp23 knockout affected tolerance to hot and cold temperature extremes but in opposing directions; knockout flies had reduced tolerance to cold, but increased tolerance to heat. Despite this, hsp23 expression (in wild type flies) was increased under both hot and cold conditions. The hsp23 gene was required for heat hardening at the pupal stage, but not at the 1st-instar larval stage, even though the gene was upregulated in wild type controls at that life stage. The phenotypic effects of hsp23 were not compensated for by expression changes in other shsps. Our study shows that the fitness consequences of an hsp gene knockout depends on environmental conditions, with potential fitness benefits of gene loss even under conditions when the gene is normally upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Gu
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Wei Chen
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Trent Perry
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip Batterham
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Mikucki EE, Lockwood BL. Local thermal environment and warming influence supercooling and drive widespread shifts in the metabolome of diapausing Pieris rapae butterflies. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:272603. [PMID: 34694403 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Global climate change has the potential to negatively impact biological systems as organisms are exposed to novel temperature regimes. Increases in annual mean temperature have been accompanied by disproportionate rates of change in temperature across seasons, and winter is the season warming most rapidly. Yet, we know relatively little about how warming will alter the physiology of overwintering organisms. Here, we simulated future warming conditions by comparing diapausing Pieris rapae butterfly pupae collected from disparate thermal environments and by exposing P. rapae pupae to acute and chronic increases in temperature. First, we compared internal freezing temperatures (supercooling points) of diapausing pupae that were developed in common-garden conditions but whose parents were collected from northern Vermont, USA, or North Carolina, USA. Matching the warmer winter climate of North Carolina, North Carolina pupae had significantly higher supercooling points than Vermont pupae. Next, we measured the effects of acute and chronic warming exposure in Vermont pupae and found that warming induced higher supercooling points. We further characterized the effects of chronic warming by profiling the metabolomes of Vermont pupae via untargeted LC-MS metabolomics. Warming caused significant changes in abundance of hundreds of metabolites across the metabolome. Notably, there were warming-induced shifts in key biochemical pathways, such as pyruvate metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, and β-alanine metabolism, suggesting shifts in energy metabolism and cryoprotection. These results suggest that warming affects various aspects of overwintering physiology in P. rapae and may be detrimental depending on the frequency and variation of winter warming events. Further research is needed to ascertain the extent to which the effects of warming are felt among a broader set of populations of P. rapae, and among other species, in order to better predict how insects may respond to changes in winter thermal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Mikucki
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Brent L Lockwood
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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18
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Ebner JN. Trends in the Application of "Omics" to Ecotoxicology and Stress Ecology. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1481. [PMID: 34680873 PMCID: PMC8535992 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Our ability to predict and assess how environmental changes such as pollution and climate change affect components of the Earth's biome is of paramount importance. This need positioned the fields of ecotoxicology and stress ecology at the center of environmental monitoring efforts. Advances in these interdisciplinary fields depend not only on conceptual leaps but also on technological advances and data integration. High-throughput "omics" technologies enabled the measurement of molecular changes at virtually all levels of an organism's biological organization and thus continue to influence how the impacts of stressors are understood. This bibliometric review describes literature trends (2000-2020) that indicate that more different stressors than species are studied each year but that only a few stressors have been studied in more than two phyla. At the same time, the molecular responses of a diverse set of non-model species have been investigated, but cross-species comparisons are still rare. While transcriptomics studies dominated until 2016, a shift towards proteomics and multiomics studies is apparent. There is now a wealth of data at functional omics levels from many phylogenetically diverse species. This review, therefore, addresses the question of how to integrate omics information across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Niklas Ebner
- Spring Ecology Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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19
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Zilelidou EA, Nisiotou A. Understanding Wine through Yeast Interactions. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081620. [PMID: 34442699 PMCID: PMC8399628 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Wine is a product of microbial activities and microbe–microbe interactions. Yeasts are the principal microorganisms responsible for the evolution and fulfillment of alcoholic fermentation. Several species and strains coexist and interact with their environment and with each other during the fermentation course. Yeast–yeast interactions occur even from the early stages of fermentation, determining yeast community structure and dynamics during the process. Different types of microbial interactions (e.g., mutualism and commensalism or competition and amensalism) may exert positive or negative effects, respectively, on yeast populations. Interactions are intimately linked to yeast metabolic activities that influence the wine analytical profile and shape the wine character. In this context, much attention has been given during the last years to the interactions between Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) and non-Saccharomyces (NS) yeast species with respect to their metabolic contribution to wine quality. Yet, there is still a significant lack of knowledge on the interaction mechanisms modulating yeast behavior during mixed culture fermentation, while much less is known about the interactions between the various NS species or between SC and Saccharomyces non-cerevisiae (SNC) yeasts. There is still much to learn about their metabolic footprints and the genetic mechanisms that alter yeast community equilibrium in favor of one species or another. Gaining deeper insights on yeast interactions in the grape–wine ecosystem sets the grounds for understanding the rules underlying the function of the wine microbial system and provides means to better control and improve oenological practices.
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Gutiérrez Y, Fresch M, Hellmann SL, Hankeln T, Scherber C, Brockmeyer J. A multifactorial proteomics approach to sex‐specific effects of diet composition and social environment in an omnivorous insect. Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yeisson Gutiérrez
- Centro de Bioinformática y Biología Computacional de Colombia – BIOS Manizales Colombia
| | - Marion Fresch
- Department Food Chemistry Institute for Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
| | - Sören L. Hellmann
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolutionary Biology University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolutionary Biology University of Mainz Mainz Germany
| | - Christoph Scherber
- Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Münster Münster Germany
- Centre for Biodiversity Monitoring Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn Germany
| | - Jens Brockmeyer
- Department Food Chemistry Institute for Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany
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21
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Gyawali P, Karpe AV, Hillyer KE, Nguyen TV, Hewitt J, Beale DJ. A multi-platform metabolomics approach to identify possible biomarkers for human faecal contamination in Greenshell™ mussels (Perna canaliculus). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:145363. [PMID: 33736167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bivalve molluscs have the potential to bioaccumulate microbial pathogens including noroviruses from aquatic environments and as such, there is a need for a rapid and cheap in-situ method for their detection. Here, we characterise the tissue-specific response of New Zealand Greenshell™ mussels (Perna canaliculus) to faecal contamination from two different sources (municipal sewage and human faeces). This is done with the view to identify potential biomarkers that could be further developed into low cost, rapid and sensitive in-situ biosensors for human faecal contamination detection of mussels in growing areas. Tissue-specific metabolic profiles from gills, haemolymph and digestive glands were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Clear differentiation of metabolic profiles was observed among treatments in each tissue type. Overall, energy pathways such as glycolysis, citrate cycle and oxidative phosphorylation were downregulated across the three mussel tissues studied following simulated contamination events. Conversely, considerable sterol upregulation in the gills was observed after exposure to contamination. Additionally, free pools of nucleotide phosphates and the antioxidant glutathione declined considerably post-exposure to contamination in gills. These results provide important insights into the tissue-specific metabolic effects of human faecal contamination in mussels. This study demonstrates the utility of metabolomics as a tool for identifying potential biomarkers in mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Gyawali
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd (ESR), Porirua 5240, New Zealand.
| | - Avinash V Karpe
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Katie E Hillyer
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Thao V Nguyen
- Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia
| | - Joanne Hewitt
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Ltd (ESR), Porirua 5240, New Zealand
| | - David J Beale
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Ecosciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Qld 4102, Australia.
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Schleyer KA, Fetrow B, Zannes Fatland P, Liu J, Chaaban M, Ma B, Cui L. Dual-Mechanism Quenched Fluorogenic Probe Provides Selective and Rapid Detection of Cathepsin L Activity*. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1082-1087. [PMID: 33295147 PMCID: PMC8202353 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cathepsin L (CTL) is a cysteine protease demonstrating upregulated activity in many disease states. Overlapping substrate specificity makes selective detection of CTL activity difficult to parse from that of its close homologue CTV and the ubiquitous CTB. Current probes of CTL activity have limited applications due to either poor contrast or extra assay steps required to achieve selectivity. We have developed a fluorogenic probe, CTLAP, that displays good selectivity for CTL over CTB and CTV while exhibiting low background fluorescence attributed to dual quenching mechanisms. CTLAP achieves optimum CTL selectivity in the first 10 min of incubation, thus suggesting that it is amenable for rapid detection of CTL, even in the presence of competing cathepsins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelton A Schleyer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, UF Health Science Center, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, 1345 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, 300 Terrace St. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ben Fetrow
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, 300 Terrace St. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Peter Zannes Fatland
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, 300 Terrace St. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, UF Health Science Center, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, 1345 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, 300 Terrace St. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Maya Chaaban
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way 118 DLC, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Biwu Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftan Way 118 DLC, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Lina Cui
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, UF Health Science Center, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, 1345 Center Dr., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, 300 Terrace St. NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Shivam S, El-Matbouli M, Kumar G. Development of Fish Parasite Vaccines in the OMICs Era: Progress and Opportunities. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:179. [PMID: 33672552 PMCID: PMC7923790 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, parasites are increasingly being recognized as catastrophic agents in both aquaculture sector and in the wild aquatic habitats leading to an estimated annual loss between 1.05 billion and 9.58 billion USD. The currently available therapeutic and control measures are accompanied by many limitations. Hence, vaccines are recommended as the "only green and effective solution" to address these concerns and protect fish from pathogens. However, vaccine development warrants a better understanding of host-parasite interaction and parasite biology. Currently, only one commercial parasite vaccine is available against the ectoparasite sea lice. Additionally, only a few trials have reported potential vaccine candidates against endoparasites. Transcriptome, genome, and proteomic data at present are available only for a limited number of aquatic parasites. Omics-based interventions can be significant in the identification of suitable vaccine candidates, finally leading to the development of multivalent vaccines for significant protection against parasitic infections in fish. The present review highlights the progress in the immunobiology of pathogenic parasites and the prospects of vaccine development. Finally, an approach for developing a multivalent vaccine for parasitic diseases is presented. Data sources to prepare this review included Pubmed, google scholar, official reports, and websites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Shivam
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (M.E.-M.)
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Karwar 581301, India
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (M.E.-M.)
| | - Gokhlesh Kumar
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (S.S.); (M.E.-M.)
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24
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Lwalaba JLW, Zvobgo G, Gai Y, Issaka JH, Mwamba TM, Louis LT, Fu L, Nazir MM, Ansey Kirika B, Kazadi Tshibangu A, Adil MF, Sehar S, Mukobo RP, Zhang G. Transcriptome analysis reveals the tolerant mechanisms to cobalt and copper in barley. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 209:111761. [PMID: 33333341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt (Co) and copper (Cu) co-exist commonly in the contaminated soils and at excessive levels, they are toxic to plants. However, their joint effect and possible interaction have not been fully addressed. In this work, a hydroponic experiment was performed to investigate the combined effects of Co and Cu on two barley genotypes at transcriptional level by RNA-seq analysis. The results identified 358 genes inclusively expressed in both genotypes under single and combined treatments of Co and Cu, with most of them being related to metal transport, stress response and transcription factor. The combined treatment induced more differently expressed genes (DEGs) than the single treatment, with Yan66, a metal tolerant genotype having more DEGs than Ea52, a sensitive genotype. The pathways associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis, MAPK signaling, glutathione biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, photosynthesis, arginin biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation, and plant hormone signal transduction biosynthesis were induced and inhibited in Yan66 and Ea52, respectively. Furthermore, flavonoid biosynthesis was much more largely enhanced and accordingly more free flavonoid components (naringin, narirutin and neohesperidin) were accumulated in Yan66 than in Ea52. It may be suggested that high tolerance to both Co and Cu in Yan66 is attributed to its high gene regulatory ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Lwalaba Wa Lwalaba
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Department of Crops sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Université de Lubumbashi, PO Box 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gerald Zvobgo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Gai
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Joan Heren Issaka
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Theodore Mulembo Mwamba
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Department of Crops sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Université de Lubumbashi, PO Box 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Laurence Tennyson Louis
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Liangbo Fu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Muhammad Mudassir Nazir
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Bibich Ansey Kirika
- Department of Crops sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Université de Lubumbashi, PO Box 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Audry Kazadi Tshibangu
- Department of Crops sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Université de Lubumbashi, PO Box 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; Department of Crops sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Université de Lubumbashi, PO Box 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Robert Prince Mukobo
- Department of Crops sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Université de Lubumbashi, PO Box 1825, Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Guoping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Eleftherianos I, Heryanto C. Transcriptomic Insights into the Insect Immune Response to Nematode Infection. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020202. [PMID: 33573306 PMCID: PMC7911283 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects in nature interact with a wide variety of microbial enemies including nematodes. These include entomopathogenic nematodes that contain mutualistic bacteria and together are able to infect a broad range of insects in order to complete their life cycle and multiply, filarial nematodes which are vectored by mosquitoes, and other parasitic nematodes. Entomopathogenic nematodes are commonly used in biological control practices and they form excellent research tools for understanding the genetic and functional bases of nematode pathogenicity and insect anti-nematode immunity. In addition, clarifying the mechanism of transmission of filarial nematodes by mosquitoes is critical for devising strategies to reduce disease transmission in humans. In all cases and in order to achieve these goals, it is vital to determine the number and type of insect host genes which are differentially regulated during infection and encode factors with anti-nematode properties. In this respect, the use of transcriptomic approaches has proven a key step for the identification of insect molecules with anti-nematode activity. Here, we review the progress in the field of transcriptomics that deals with the insect response to nematode infection. This information is important because it will expose conserved pathways of anti-nematode immunity in humans.
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26
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Nozari A, Do S, Trudeau VL. Applications of the SR4G Transgenic Zebrafish Line for Biomonitoring of Stress-Disrupting Compounds: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:727777. [PMID: 34867778 PMCID: PMC8635770 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic zebrafish models have been successfully used in biomonitoring and risk assessment studies of environmental pollutants, including xenoestrogens, pesticides, and heavy metals. We employed zebrafish larva (transgenic SR4G line) with a cortisol-inducible green fluorescence protein reporter (eGFP) as a model to detect stress responses upon exposure to compounds with environmental impact, including bisphenol A (BPA), vinclozolin (VIN), and fluoxetine (FLX). Cortisol, fluorescence signal, and mRNA levels of eGFP and 11 targeted genes were measured in a homogenized pool of zebrafish larvae, with six experimental replicates for each endpoint. Eleven targeted genes were selected according to their association with stress-axis and immediate early response class of genes. Hydrocortisone (CORT)and dexamethasone (DEX) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. All measurements were done in two unstressed and stressed condition using standardized net handling as the stressor. A significant positive linear correlation between cortisol levels and eGFP mRNA levels was observed (r> 0.9). Based on eGFP mRNA levels in unstressed and stressed larvae two predictive models were trained (Random Forest and Logistic Regression). Both these models could correctly predict the blunted stress response upon exposure to BPA, VIN, FLX and the negative control, DEX. The negative predictive value (NPV) of these models were 100%. Similar NPV was observed when the predictive models trained based on the mRNA levels of the eleven assessed genes. Measurement of whole-body fluorescence intensity signal was not significant to detect blunted stress response. Our findings support the use of SR4G transgenic larvae as an in vivo biomonitoring model to screen chemicals for their stress-disrupting potentials. This is important because there is increasing evidence that brief exposures to environmental pollutants modify the stress response and critical coping behaviors for several generations.
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27
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Subong BJJ, Lluisma AO, Azanza RV, Salvador-Reyes LA. Differentiating Two Closely Related Alexandrium Species Using Comparative Quantitative Proteomics. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 13:toxins13010007. [PMID: 33374829 PMCID: PMC7823455 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alexandrium minutum and Alexandrium tamutum are two closely related harmful algal bloom (HAB)-causing species with different toxicity. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomics and two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE), a comprehensive characterization of the proteomes of A. minutum and A. tamutum was performed to identify the cellular and molecular underpinnings for the dissimilarity between these two species. A total of 1436 proteins and 420 protein spots were identified using iTRAQ-based proteomics and 2D-DIGE, respectively. Both methods revealed little difference (10-12%) between the proteomes of A. minutum and A. tamutum, highlighting that these organisms follow similar cellular and biological processes at the exponential stage. Toxin biosynthetic enzymes were present in both organisms. However, the gonyautoxin-producing A. minutum showed higher levels of osmotic growth proteins, Zn-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase and type-I polyketide synthase compared to the non-toxic A. tamutum. Further, A. tamutum had increased S-adenosylmethionine transferase that may potentially have a negative feedback mechanism to toxin biosynthesis. The complementary proteomics approach provided insights into the biochemistry of these two closely related HAB-causing organisms. The identified proteins are potential biomarkers for organismal toxicity and could be explored for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan John J Subong
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines- Diliman, Velasquez Street, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Arturo O Lluisma
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines- Diliman, Velasquez Street, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Rhodora V Azanza
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines- Diliman, Velasquez Street, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Lilibeth A Salvador-Reyes
- Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines- Diliman, Velasquez Street, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
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Durán D, Albareda M, García C, Marina AI, Ruiz-Argüeso T, Palacios JM. Proteome Analysis Reveals a Significant Host-Specific Response in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae Endosymbiotic Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 20:100009. [PMID: 33214187 PMCID: PMC7950203 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rhizobium-legume symbiosis is a beneficial interaction in which the bacterium converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and delivers it to the plant in exchange for carbon compounds. This symbiosis implies the adaptation of bacteria to live inside host plant cells. In this work, we apply RP-LC-MS/MS and isobaric tags as relative and absolute quantitation techniques to study the proteomic profile of endosymbiotic cells (bacteroids) induced by Rhizobium leguminosarum bv viciae strain UPM791 in legume nodules. Nitrogenase subunits, tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, and stress-response proteins are among the most abundant from over 1000 rhizobial proteins identified in pea (Pisum sativum) bacteroids. Comparative analysis of bacteroids induced in pea and in lentil (Lens culinaris) nodules revealed the existence of a significant host-specific differential response affecting dozens of bacterial proteins, including stress-related proteins, transcriptional regulators, and proteins involved in the carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. A mutant affected in one of these proteins, homologous to a GntR-like transcriptional regulator, showed a symbiotic performance significantly impaired in symbiosis with pea but not with lentil plants. Analysis of the proteomes of bacteroids isolated from both hosts also revealed the presence of different sets of plant-derived nodule-specific cysteine-rich peptides, indicating that the endosymbiotic bacteria find a host-specific cocktail of chemical stressors inside the nodule. By studying variations of the bacterial response to different plant cell environments, we will be able to identify specific limitations imposed by the host that might give us clues for the improvement of rhizobial performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Durán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (C.B.G.P.) UPM-INIA, Campus de Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Albareda
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (C.B.G.P.) UPM-INIA, Campus de Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos García
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), CSIC Campus Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana-Isabel Marina
- Servicio de Proteómica, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), CSIC Campus Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Ruiz-Argüeso
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (C.B.G.P.) UPM-INIA, Campus de Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose-Manuel Palacios
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (C.B.G.P.) UPM-INIA, Campus de Montegancedo, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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29
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Nerurkar SN, Goh D, Cheung CCL, Nga PQY, Lim JCT, Yeong JPS. Transcriptional Spatial Profiling of Cancer Tissues in the Era of Immunotherapy: The Potential and Promise. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2572. [PMID: 32917035 PMCID: PMC7563386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity poses a major challenge to making an accurate diagnosis and establishing personalized treatment strategies for cancer patients. Moreover, this heterogeneity might underlie treatment resistance, disease progression, and cancer relapse. For example, while immunotherapies can confer a high success rate, selective pressures coupled with dynamic evolution within a tumour can drive the emergence of drug-resistant clones that allow tumours to persist in certain patients. To improve immunotherapy efficacy, researchers have used transcriptional spatial profiling techniques to identify and subsequently block the source of tumour heterogeneity. In this review, we describe and assess the different technologies available for such profiling within a cancer tissue. We first outline two well-known approaches, in situ hybridization and digital spatial profiling. Then, we highlight the features of an emerging technology known as Visium Spatial Gene Expression Solution. Visium generates quantitative gene expression data and maps them to the tissue architecture. By retaining spatial information, we are well positioned to identify novel biomarkers and perform computational analyses that might inform on novel combinatorial immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjna Nilesh Nerurkar
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore;
| | - Denise Goh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 169856, Singapore; (D.G.); (P.Q.Y.N.); (J.C.T.L.)
| | | | - Pei Qi Yvonne Nga
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 169856, Singapore; (D.G.); (P.Q.Y.N.); (J.C.T.L.)
| | - Jeffrey Chun Tatt Lim
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 169856, Singapore; (D.G.); (P.Q.Y.N.); (J.C.T.L.)
| | - Joe Poh Sheng Yeong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 169856, Singapore; (D.G.); (P.Q.Y.N.); (J.C.T.L.)
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138648, Singapore
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Pérez‐Portela R, Riesgo A, Wangensteen OS, Palacín C, Turon X. Enjoying the warming Mediterranean: Transcriptomic responses to temperature changes of a thermophilous keystone species in benthic communities. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:3299-3315. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Pérez‐Portela
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences University of Barcelona, and Research Institute of Biodiversity (IRBIO) Barcelona Spain
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC) Girona Spain
| | - Ana Riesgo
- Department of Life Sciences The Natural History Museum London UK
| | - Owen S. Wangensteen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science UiT The Arctic University of Norway Tromsø Norway
| | - Cruz Palacín
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences University of Barcelona, and Research Institute of Biodiversity (IRBIO) Barcelona Spain
| | - Xavier Turon
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB, CSIC) Girona Spain
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31
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Oomen RA, Kuparinen A, Hutchings JA. Consequences of Single-Locus and Tightly Linked Genomic Architectures for Evolutionary Responses to Environmental Change. J Hered 2020; 111:319-332. [PMID: 32620014 PMCID: PMC7423069 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esaa020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic and genomic architectures of traits under selection are key factors influencing evolutionary responses. Yet, knowledge of their impacts has been limited by a widespread assumption that most traits are controlled by unlinked polygenic architectures. Recent advances in genome sequencing and eco-evolutionary modeling are unlocking the potential for integrating genomic information into predictions of population responses to environmental change. Using eco-evolutionary simulations, we demonstrate that hypothetical single-locus control of a life history trait produces highly variable and unpredictable harvesting-induced evolution relative to the classically applied multilocus model. Single-locus control of complex traits is thought to be uncommon, yet blocks of linked genes, such as those associated with some types of structural genomic variation, have emerged as taxonomically widespread phenomena. Inheritance of linked architectures resembles that of single loci, thus enabling single-locus-like modeling of polygenic adaptation. Yet, the number of loci, their effect sizes, and the degree of linkage among them all occur along a continuum. We review how linked architectures are often associated, directly or indirectly, with traits expected to be under selection from anthropogenic stressors and are likely to play a large role in adaptation to environmental disturbance. We suggest using single-locus models to explore evolutionary extremes and uncertainties when the trait architecture is unknown, refining parameters as genomic information becomes available, and explicitly incorporating linkage among loci when possible. By overestimating the complexity (e.g., number of independent loci) of the genomic architecture of traits under selection, we risk underestimating the complexity (e.g., nonlinearity) of their evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah A Oomen
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Coastal Research, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Anna Kuparinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jeffrey A Hutchings
- Centre for Coastal Research, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen Marine Research Station, His, Norway
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Comparative transcriptomic and proteomic analyses provide insights into functional genes for hypoxic adaptation in embryos of Tibetan chickens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11213. [PMID: 32641697 PMCID: PMC7343830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68178-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tibetan chicken is a unique breed that has adapted to the high-altitude hypoxic conditions of the Tibetan plateau. A number of positively selected genes have been reported in these chickens; however, the mechanisms of gene expression for hypoxia adaptation are not fully understood. In the present study, eggs from Tibetan and Chahua chickens were incubated under hypoxic and normoxic conditions, and vascularization in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of embryos was observed. We found that the vessel density index in the CAM of Tibetan chickens was lower than in Chahua chickens under hypoxia conditions. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of CAM tissues were performed in Tibetan and Chahua chicken embryos under hypoxic incubation using RNA-Seq and iTRAQ. We obtained 160 differentially expressed genes and 387 differentially expressed proteins that were mainly enriched in angiogenesis, vasculature development, blood vessel morphogenesis, blood circulation, renin-angiotensin system, and HIF-1 and VEGF signaling pathways. Twenty-six genes involved in angiogenesis and blood circulation, two genes involved in ion transport, and six genes that regulated energy metabolism were identified as candidate functional genes in regulating hypoxic adaptation of chicken embryos. This research provided insights into the molecular mechanism of hypoxia adaptation in Tibetan chickens.
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Liu Z, Zhou Z, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zong Y, Zheng Y, Li M, Wang W, Song L. A Signaling Pathway to Mediate the Combined Immunomodulation of Acetylcholine and Enkephalin in Oyster Crassostrea gigas. Front Immunol 2020; 11:616. [PMID: 32362893 PMCID: PMC7180215 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molluscs have evolved a primitive but complete neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) system with a vast array of neurotransmitters to conduct both humoral and cellular immunomodulation. Previous studies have illustrated the immune functions of several key neurotransmitters. However, the combined effects of multiple neurotransmitters and the signaling pathway to mediate such immunomodulation have not been well-understood. In the present study, iTRAQ and LC-ESI-MS/MS approaches were employed to investigate the combined immunomodulation functions of two crucial neurotransmitters, acetylcholine (ACh), and [Met5]-enkephalin (ENK), in oyster Crassostrea gigas. A total number of 5,379 proteins were identified from hemocytes of oysters after the treatments with Ach and ENK separately or simultaneously, and 1,475 of them were found to be significantly up-regulated, while 1,115 of them were significantly down-regulated. The protein expression patterns in the groups treated by ACh and ENK separately were quite similar, which were dramatically different from that in the group treated by ACh+ENK. One hundred seventy-two proteins were found to be differentially expressed in all the three neurotransmitter treatment groups. Functional validation suggested that ACh and ENK possibly modulate the immune response in oyster hemocytes by enhancing pathogen recognition, cell apoptosis, and the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, GO enrichment and co-expression network analyses implied that the combined immunomodulation of ACh and ENK might be mediated by p53, EGF-R–ErbB, and Fc gamma R (FcγR) signaling pathways. These results collectively indicated that multiple neurotransmitters executed a combined and ordered immune regulation through common signaling cascades in molluscs, which was under delicate control to maintain the homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanan Zong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Meijia Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
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de la Ballina NR, Villalba A, Cao A. Differences in proteomic profile between two haemocyte types, granulocytes and hyalinocytes, of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:456-466. [PMID: 32205190 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Haemocytes play a dominant role in shellfish immunity, being considered the main defence effector cells in molluscs. These cells are known to be responsible for many functions, including chemotaxis, cellular recognition, attachment, aggregation, shell repair and nutrient transport and digestion. There are two basic cell types of bivalve haemocytes morphologically distinguishable, hyalinocytes and granulocytes; however, functional differences and specific abilities are poorly understood: granulocytes are believed to be more efficient in killing microorganisms, while hyalinocytes are thought to be more specialised in clotting and wound healing. A proteomic approach was implemented to find qualitative differences in the protein profile between granulocytes and hyalinocytes of the European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis, as a way to evaluate functional differences. Oyster haemolymph cells were differentially separated by Percoll® density gradient centrifugation. Granulocyte and hyalinocyte proteins were separated by 2D-PAGE and their protein profiles were analysed and compared with PD Quest software; the protein spots exclusive for each haemocyte type were excised from gels and analysed by MALDI-TOF/TOF with a combination of mass spectrometry (MS) and MS/MS for sequencing and protein identification. A total of 34 proteins were identified, 20 unique to granulocytes and 14 to hyalinocytes. The results suggested differences between the haemocyte types in signal transduction, apoptosis, oxidation reduction processes, cytoskeleton, phagocytosis and pathogen recognition. These results contribute to identify differential roles of each haemocyte type and to better understand the oyster immunity mechanisms, which should help to fight oyster diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria R de la Ballina
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Antonio Villalba
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48620, Plentzia, Spain.
| | - Asunción Cao
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
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Koch EL, Guillaume F. Additive and mostly adaptive plastic responses of gene expression to multiple stress in Tribolium castaneum. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008768. [PMID: 32379753 PMCID: PMC7238888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is known to be highly responsive to the environment and important for adjustment of metabolism but there is also growing evidence that differences in gene regulation contribute to species divergence and differences among locally adapted populations. However, most studies so far investigated populations when divergence had already occurred. Selection acting on expression levels at the onset of adaptation to an environmental change has not been characterized. Understanding the mechanisms is further complicated by the fact that environmental change is often multivariate, meaning that organisms are exposed to multiple stressors simultaneously with potentially interactive effects. Here we use a novel approach by combining fitness and whole-transcriptome data in a large-scale experiment to investigate responses to drought, heat and their combination in Tribolium castaneum. We found that fitness was reduced by both stressors and their combined effect was almost additive. Expression data showed that stressor responses were acting independently and did not interfere physiologically. Since we measured expression and fitness within the same individuals, we were able to estimate selection on gene expression levels. We found that variation in fitness can be attributed to gene expression variation and that selection pressures were environment dependent and opposite between control and stress conditions. We could further show that plastic responses of expression were largely adaptive, i.e. in the direction that should increase fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva L. Koch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University
of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Animal and Plant Science, University of Sheffield, Western
Bank, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Frédéric Guillaume
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University
of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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36
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Shiny Matilda C, Madhusudan I, Gaurav Isola R, Shanthi C. Potential of proteomics to probe microbes. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:471-483. [PMID: 32212201 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An organism exposed to a plethora of environmental perturbations undergoes proteomic changes which enable the characterization of total proteins in it. Much of the proteomic information is obtained from genomic data. Additional information on the proteome such as posttranslational modifications, protein-protein interactions, protein localization, metabolic pathways, and so on are deduced using proteomic tools which genomics and transcriptomics fail to offer. The proteomic analysis allows identification of precise changes in proteins, which in turn solve the complexity of microbial population providing insights into the microbial metabolism, cellular pathways, and behavior of microorganisms in new environments. Furthermore, they provide clues for the exploitation of their special features for biotechnological applications. Numerous techniques for the analysis of microbial proteome such as electrophoretic, chromatographic, mass spectrometric-based methods as well as quantitative proteomics are available which facilitate protein separation, expression, identification, and quantification of proteins. An understanding of the potential of each of the proteomic tools has created a significant impact on diverse microbiological aspects and the same has been discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chellaiah Shiny Matilda
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Iyengar Madhusudan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Ravi Gaurav Isola
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Chittibabu Shanthi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
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37
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Bhat SA, Ahmad SM, Ibeagha-Awemu EM, Mobashir M, Dar MA, Mumtaz PT, Shah RA, Dar TA, Shabir N, Bhat HF, Ganai NA. Comparative milk proteome analysis of Kashmiri and Jersey cattle identifies differential expression of key proteins involved in immune system regulation and milk quality. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:161. [PMID: 32059637 PMCID: PMC7023774 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exploration of the bioactive components of bovine milk has gained global interest due to their potential applications in human nutrition and health promotion. Despite advances in proteomics profiling, limited studies have been carried out to fully characterize the bovine milk proteome. This study explored the milk proteome of Jersey and Kashmiri cattle at day 90 of lactation using high-resolution mass spectrometry based quantitative proteomics nano-scale LC-MS/Q-TOF technique. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD017412. Results Proteins from whey were fractionated by precipitation into high and low abundant proteins. A total of 81 high-abundant and 99 low-abundant proteins were significantly differentially expressed between Kashmiri and Jersey cattle, clearly differentiating the two breeds at the proteome level. Among the top differentiating proteins, the Kashmiri cattle milk proteome was characterised by increased concentrations of immune-related proteins (apelin, acid glycoprotein, CD14 antigen), neonatal developmental protein (probetacellulin), xenobiotic metabolising enzyme (flavin monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), GLYCAM1 and HSP90AA1 (chaperone) while the Jersey milk proteome presented higher concentrations of enzyme modulators (SERPINA1, RAC1, serine peptidase inhibitor) and hydrolases (LTF, LPL, CYM, PNLIPRP2). Pathway analysis in Kashmiri cattle revealed enrichment of key pathways involved in the regulation of mammary gland development like Wnt signalling pathway, EGF receptor signalling pathway and FGF signalling pathway while a pathway (T-cell activation pathway) associated with immune system regulation was significantly enriched in Jersey cattle. Most importantly, the high-abundant FMO3 enzyme with an observed 17-fold higher expression in Kashmiri cattle milk seems to be a characteristic feature of the breed. The presence of this (FMO3) bioactive peptide/enzyme in Kashmiri cattle could be economically advantageous for milk products from Kashmiri cattle. Conclusion In conclusion, this is the first study to provide insights not only into the milk proteome differences between Kashmiri and Jersey cattle but also provides potential directions for application of specific milk proteins from Kashmiri cattle in special milk preparations like infant formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakil A Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Syed M Ahmad
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
| | - Eveline M Ibeagha-Awemu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohammad Mobashir
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institute, Novels väg 16, 17165 Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mashooq A Dar
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Peerzada T Mumtaz
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Riaz A Shah
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Tanveer A Dar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J & K, India
| | - Nadeem Shabir
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Hina F Bhat
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Nazir A Ganai
- Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
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Madeira D, Araújo JE, Madeira C, Mendonça V, Vitorino R, Vinagre C, Diniz MS. Seasonal proteome variation in intertidal shrimps under a natural setting: Connecting molecular networks with environmental fluctuations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:134957. [PMID: 31767328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ability of intertidal organisms to maintain their performance via molecular and physiological adjustments under low tide, seasonal fluctuations and extreme events ultimately determines population viability. Analyzing this capacity in the wild is extremely relevant since intertidal communities are under increased climate variability owing to global changes. We addressed the seasonal proteome signatures of a key intertidal species, the shrimp Palaemon elegans, in a natural setting. Shrimps were collected during spring and summer seasons at low tides and were euthanized in situ. Environmental variability was also assessed using hand-held devices and data loggers. Muscle samples were taken for 2D gel electrophoresis and protein identification through mass spectrometry. Proteome data revealed that 55 proteins (10.6% of the proteome) significantly changed between spring and summer collected shrimps, 24 of which were identified. These proteins were mostly involved in cytoskeleton remodelling, energy metabolism and transcription regulation. Overall, shrimps modulate gene expression leading to metabolic and structural adjustments related to seasonal differences in the wild (i.e. abiotic variation and possibly intrinsic cycles of reproduction and growth). This potentially promotes performance and fitness as suggested by the higher condition index in summer-collected shrimps. However, inter-individual variation (% coefficient of variation) in protein levels was quite low (min-max ranges were 0.6-8.3% in spring and 1.2-4.8% in summer), possibly suggesting reduced genetic diversity or physiological canalization. Protein plasticity is relevant to cope with present and upcoming environmental variation related to anthropogenic forcing (e.g. global change, pollution) but low inter-individual variation may limit evolutionary potential of shrimp populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Madeira
- Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), ECOMARE & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Estrada do Porto de Pesca, 3830-565 Gafanha da Nazaré, Portugal.
| | - J E Araújo
- Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - C Madeira
- Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - V Mendonça
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Vitorino
- Institute for Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Cardiovascular Research Centre (UnIC), Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Vinagre
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M S Diniz
- Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences (UCIBIO-REQUIMTE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Colgan TJ, Finlay S, Brown MJF, Carolan JC. Mating precedes selective immune priming which is maintained throughout bumblebee queen diapause. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:959. [PMID: 31823732 PMCID: PMC6902353 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the mechanisms by which organisms adapt to unfavourable conditions is a fundamental question in ecology and evolutionary biology. One such mechanism is diapause, a period of dormancy typically found in nematodes, fish, crustaceans and insects. This state is a key life-history event characterised by arrested development, suppressed metabolism and increased stress tolerance and allows an organism to avoid prolonged periods of harsh and inhospitable environmental conditions. For some species, diapause is preceded by mating which can have a profound effect on female behaviour, physiology and key biological processes, including immunity. However, our understanding of how mating impacts long-term immunity and whether these effects persist throughout diapause is currently limited. To address this, we explored molecular changes in the haemolymph of the ecologically important pollinator, the buff-tailed bumblebee Bombus terrestris. B. terrestris queens mate prior to entering diapause, a non-feeding period of arrested development that can last 6–9 months. Using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics, we quantified changes in the pre-diapause queen haemolymph after mating, as well as the subsequent protein expression of mated queens during and post-diapause. Results Our analysis identified distinct proteome profiles associated with diapause preparation, maintenance and termination. More specifically, mating pre-diapause was followed by an increase in the abundance of antimicrobial peptides, key effectors of the immune system. Furthermore, we identified the elevated abundance of these proteins to be maintained throughout diapause. This finding was in contrast to the general reduction observed in immune proteins during diapause suggestive of selective immune priming and expression during diapause. Diapause also affected the expression of proteins involved in cuticular maintenance, olfaction, as well as proteins of unknown function, which may have roles in diapause regulation. Conclusions Our results provide clear molecular evidence for the consequences and benefits of mating at the immune level as it precedes the selective increased abundance of antimicrobial peptides that are sustained throughout diapause. In addition, our results provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which bumblebees prepare for, survive, and recover from diapause, insights that may have implications for our general understanding of these processes in other insect groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Colgan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, County Cork, Ireland. .,School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Sive Finlay
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mark J F Brown
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Behaviour, Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - James C Carolan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland
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Bioinformatics for Marine Products: An Overview of Resources, Bottlenecks, and Perspectives. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17100576. [PMID: 31614509 PMCID: PMC6835618 DOI: 10.3390/md17100576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sea represents a major source of biodiversity. It exhibits many different ecosystems in a huge variety of environmental conditions where marine organisms have evolved with extensive diversification of structures and functions, making the marine environment a treasure trove of molecules with potential for biotechnological applications and innovation in many different areas. Rapid progress of the omics sciences has revealed novel opportunities to advance the knowledge of biological systems, paving the way for an unprecedented revolution in the field and expanding marine research from model organisms to an increasing number of marine species. Multi-level approaches based on molecular investigations at genomic, metagenomic, transcriptomic, metatranscriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic levels are essential to discover marine resources and further explore key molecular processes involved in their production and action. As a consequence, omics approaches, accompanied by the associated bioinformatic resources and computational tools for molecular analyses and modeling, are boosting the rapid advancement of biotechnologies. In this review, we provide an overview of the most relevant bioinformatic resources and major approaches, highlighting perspectives and bottlenecks for an appropriate exploitation of these opportunities for biotechnology applications from marine resources.
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Houde ALS, Günther OP, Strohm J, Ming TJ, Li S, Kaukinen KH, Patterson DA, Farrell AP, Hinch SG, Miller KM. Discovery and validation of candidate smoltification gene expression biomarkers across multiple species and ecotypes of Pacific salmonids. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 7:coz051. [PMID: 31620289 PMCID: PMC6788492 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coz051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Early marine survival of juvenile salmon is intimately associated with their physiological condition during smoltification and ocean entry. Smoltification (parr-smolt transformation) is a developmental process that allows salmon to acquire seawater tolerance in preparation for marine living. Traditionally, this developmental process has been monitored using gill Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity or plasma hormones, but gill gene expression offers the possibility of another method. Here, we describe the discovery of candidate genes from gill tissue for staging smoltification using comparisons of microarray studies with particular focus on the commonalities between anadromous Rainbow trout and Sockeye salmon datasets, as well as a literature comparison encompassing more species. A subset of 37 candidate genes mainly from the microarray analyses was used for TaqMan quantitative PCR assay design and their expression patterns were validated using gill samples from four groups, representing three species and two ecotypes: Coho salmon, Sockeye salmon, stream-type Chinook salmon and ocean-type Chinook salmon. The best smoltification biomarkers, as measured by consistent changes across these four groups, were genes involved in ion regulation, oxygen transport and immunity. Smoltification gene expression patterns (using the top 10 biomarkers) were confirmed by significant correlations with NKA activity and were associated with changes in body brightness, caudal fin darkness and caudal peduncle length. We incorporate gene expression patterns of pre-smolt, smolt and de-smolt trials from acute seawater transfers from a companion study to develop a preliminary seawater tolerance classification model for ocean-type Chinook salmon. This work demonstrates the potential of gene expression biomarkers to stage smoltification and classify juveniles as pre-smolt, smolt or de-smolt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee Lee S Houde
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Oliver P Günther
- Günther Analytics, 402-5775 Hampton Place, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 2G6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Strohm
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Tobi J Ming
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Shaorong Li
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Karia H Kaukinen
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - David A Patterson
- School of Resource and Environmental Management, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Anthony P Farrell
- Department of Zoology and Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Scott G Hinch
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Kristina M Miller
- Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, V9T 6N7, Canada
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Ribeiro da Cunha B, Fonseca LP, Calado CRC. A phenotypic screening bioassay for Escherichia coli stress and antibiotic responses based on Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1776-1789. [PMID: 31464358 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop and optimize a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS) phenotypic screening bioassay for stress responses, regarding the effect of nutrient content, bacterial growth phase and stress agent exposure time. METHODS AND RESULTS A high-throughput FTIRS bioassay was developed to distinguish the stress responses of Escherichia coli to sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, sodium hypochlorite and ethanol. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering were used to quantify the effect of each parameter on bioassay performance, namely its reproducibility and metabolic resolution. Bioassay performance varied greatly, ranging from poor to very good. Spectra were partitioned into biologically relevant regions to evaluate their contributions to bioassay performance, but further improvements were not observed. Bioassay optimization was validated against empirical parameters, which confirmed a closer representation of known mechanisms on the antibiotic-induced stress responses. CONCLUSIONS The optimized bioassay used standard nutrient content, cells in the late-stationary growth phase and a one-shift exposure duration. Only the optimized bioassay adequately and reproducibly distinguished the E. coli stress and antibiotic responses. The absence of performance improvements using partitioned spectra indicated that stress responses are imprinted on the whole-spectra metabolic signature. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Highly optimized FTIRS bioassay parameters are vital in capturing whole-spectra metabolic signatures that can be used for satisfactory and reproducible phenotypic screening of stress and antibiotic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ribeiro da Cunha
- iBB - Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa (IPL), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L P Fonseca
- iBB - Institute of Bioengineering and Biosciences (iBB), Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C R C Calado
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa (ISEL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa (IPL), Lisboa, Portugal
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Farrokhi Z, Alizadeh H, Alizadeh H, Mehrizi FA. Host-Induced Silencing of Some Important Genes Involved in Osmoregulation of Parasitic Plant Phelipanche aegyptiaca. Mol Biotechnol 2019; 61:929-937. [PMID: 31564035 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-019-00215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Broomrape is an obligate root-parasitic weed that acts as a competitive sink for host photoassimilates. Disruption of essential processes for growth of broomrape using host plant-mediated systemic signals can help to implement more specific and effective management plans of this parasite. Accordingly, we tested the possibility of transient silencing three involved genes (PaM6PR, PaCWI, and PaSUS1) in osmoregulation process of broomrape using syringe agroinfiltration of dsRNA constructs in tomato. The highest decrease in mRNA levels, enzyme activity, and amount of total reducing sugars was observed in Phelipanche aegyptiaca when grown on agroinfiltrated tomato plants by PaM6PR dsRNA construct than control. In addition, PaSUS1 dsRNA construct showed high reduction in mRNA abundance (32-fold fewer than control). The lowest decrease in mRNA levels was observed after infiltration of PaCWI dsRNA construct (eightfold fewer than control). While the highest reduction in PaM6PR and PaSUS1 expression levels was detected in the parasite at 3 days post-infiltration (dpi), the maximum reduction in both of the total reducing sugars amount and M6PR and SUS1 activities was observed at 8 dpi. On the contrary, CWI activity, PaCWI expression level, and amount of total reducing sugars in broomrape shoots simultaneously decreased at the day 3 after the dsRNA construct infiltration against PaCWI. On the whole, our results indicated that the three studied genes especially PaM6PR may constitute appropriate targets for the development of transgenic resistance in host plants using silencing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Farrokhi
- Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hassan Alizadeh
- Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Houshang Alizadeh
- Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Fariba Abooei Mehrizi
- Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Ye DJ, Kwon YJ, Baek HS, Shin S, Lee C, Yun JW, Nam KT, Lim KM, Chun YJ. Discovery of Ezrin Expression as a Potential Biomarker for Chemically Induced Ocular Irritation Using Human Corneal Epithelium Cell Line and a Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelium Model. Toxicol Sci 2019; 165:335-346. [PMID: 29893927 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have attempted to develop a new in vitro eye irritation test (EIT). To obtain more reliable results from EIT, potential new biomarkers that reflect eye irritation by chemicals must be identified. We investigated candidate biomarkers for eye irritation, using a proteomics approach. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) or benzalkonium chloride (BAC) was applied on a reconstructed human cornea-like epithelium model, MCTT HCE, and corneal protein expression was examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. We found that ezrin (EZR) was significantly upregulated by SLS or BAC. In addition, upregulation of EZR in immortalized human corneal cells treated with SLS or BAC was confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and western blot analysis. Furthermore, other well-known eye irritants such as cetylpyridinium bromide, Triton X-100, cyclohexanol, ethanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, and sodium hydroxide significantly increased EZR expression in immortalized human corneal cells. Induction of EZR promoter activity in irritant-treated human corneal cells was confirmed by a luciferase gene reporter assay. In conclusion, EZR expression may be a potential biomarker for detecting eye irritation, which may substantially improve the performance of in vitro EIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Jin Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo-Jung Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Seok Baek
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Choongho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Taek Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Quesille-Villalobos AM, Parra A, Maza F, Navarrete P, González M, Latorre M, Toro M, Reyes-Jara A. The Combined Effect of Cold and Copper Stresses on the Proliferation and Transcriptional Response of Listeria monocytogenes. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:612. [PMID: 30984140 PMCID: PMC6447683 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that can cause severe disease in susceptible humans. This microorganism has the ability to adapt to hostile environmental conditions such as the low temperatures used by the food industry for controlling microorganisms. Bacteria are able to adjust their transcriptional response to adapt to stressful conditions in order to maintain cell homeostasis. Understanding the transcriptional response of L. monocytogenes to stressing conditions could be relevant to develop new strategies to control the pathogen. A possible alternative for controlling microorganisms in the food industry could be to use copper as an antimicrobial agent. The present study characterized three L. monocytogenes strains (List2-2, Apa13-2, and Al152-2A) adapted to low temperature and challenged with different copper concentrations. Similar MIC-Cu values were observed among studied strains, but growth kinetic parameters revealed that strain List2-2 was the least affected by the presence of copper at 8°C. This strain was selected for a global transcriptional response study after a 1 h exposition to 0.5 mM of CuSO4 × 5H2O at 8 and 37°C. The results showed that L. monocytogenes apparently decreases its metabolism in response to copper, and this reduction is greater at 8°C than at 37°C. The most affected metabolic pathways were carbohydrates, lipids and nucleotides synthesis. Finally, 15 genes were selected to evaluate the conservation of the transcriptional response in the other two strains. Results indicated that only genes related to copper homeostasis showed a high degree of conservation between the strains studied, suggesting that a low number of genes is implicated in the response to copper stress in L. monocytogenes. These results contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms used by bacteria to overcome a combination of stresses. This study concluded that the application of copper in low concentrations in cold environments may help to control foodborne pathogens as L. monocytogenes in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Quesille-Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angel Parra
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Maza
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation (CGR), Santiago, Chile
- Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Latorre
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation (CGR), Santiago, Chile
- Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Bacterial diet and weak cadmium stress affect the survivability of Caenorhabditis elegans and its resistance to severe stress. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01126. [PMID: 30705981 PMCID: PMC6348244 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress may have negative or positive effects in dependence of its intensity (hormesis). We studied this phenomenon in Caenorhabditis elegans by applying weak or severe abiotic (cadmium, CdCl2) and/or biotic stress (different bacterial diets) during cultivation/breeding of the worms and determining their developmental speed or survival and performing transcriptome profiling and RT-qPCR analyses to explore the genetic basis of the detected phenotypic differences. To specify weak or severe stress, developmental speed was measured at different cadmium concentrations, and survival assays were carried out on different bacterial species as feed for the worms. These studies showed that 0.1 μmol/L or 10 mmol/L of CdCl2 were weak or severe abiotic stressors, and that E. coli HT115 or Chitinophaga arvensicola feeding can be considered as weak or severe biotic stress. Extensive phenotypic studies on wild type (WT) and different signaling mutants (e.g., kgb-1Δ and pmk-1Δ) and genetic studies on WT revealed, inter alia, the following results. WT worms bred on E. coli OP50, which is a known cause of high lipid levels in the worms, showed high resistance to severe abiotic stress and elevated gene expression for protein biosynthesis. WT worms bred under weak biotic stress (E. coli HT115 feeding which causes lower lipid levels) showed an elevated resistance to severe biotic stress, elevated gene expression for the innate immune response and signaling but reduced gene expression for protein biosynthesis. WT worms bred under weak biotic and abiotic stress (E. coli HT115 feeding plus 0.1 μmol/L of CdCl2) showed high resistance to severe biotic stress, elevated expression of DAF-16 target genes (e.g., genes for small heat shock proteins) but further reduced gene expression for protein biosynthesis. WT worms bred under weak biotic but higher abiotic stress (E. coli HT115 feeding plus 10 μmol/L of CdCl2) showed re-intensified gene expression for the innate immune response, signaling, and protein biosynthesis, which, however, did not caused a higher resistance to severe biotic stress. E. coli OP50 feeding as well as weak abiotic and biotic stress during incubations also improved the age-specific survival probability of adult WT worms. Thus, this study showed that a bacterial diet resulting in higher levels of energy resources in the worms (E. coli OP50 feeding) or weak abiotic and biotic stress promote the resistance to severe abiotic or biotic stress and the age-specific survival probability of WT.
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Semmouri I, Asselman J, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Janssen CR, De Schamphelaere KAC. The transcriptome of the marine calanoid copepod Temora longicornis under heat stress and recovery. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 143:10-23. [PMID: 30415781 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the impacts of global change in zooplankton communities is crucial, as alterations in the zooplankton communities can affect entire marine ecosystems. Despite the economic and ecological importance of the calanoid copepod Temora longicornis in the Belgian part of the North Sea, molecular data is still very limited for this species. Using HiSeq Illumina sequencing, we sequenced the whole transcriptome of T. longicornis, after being exposed to realistic temperatures of 14 and 17 °C. After both an acute (1 day) and a more sustained (5 days) thermal exposure to 17 °C, we investigated gene expression differences with animals exposed to 14 °C, which may be critical for the thermal acclimation and resilience of this copepod species. We also studied the possibility of a short term stress recovery of a heat shock. A total of 179,569 transcripts were yielded, of which 44,985 putative ORF transcripts were identified. These transcripts were subsequently annotated into roughly 22,000 genes based on known sequences using Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG databases. Temora only showed a mild response to both the temperature and the duration of the exposure. We found that the expression of 27 transcripts varied significantly with an increase in temperature of 3 °C, of which eight transcripts were differentially expressed after acute exposure only. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that, overall, T. longicornis was more impacted by a sustained thermal exposure, rather than an immediate (acute) exposure, with two times as many enriched GO terms in the sustained treatment. We also identified several general stress responses independent of exposure time, such as modified protein synthesis, energy mobilisation, cuticle and chaperone proteins. Finally, we highlighted candidate genes of a possible recovery from heat exposure, identifying similar terms as those enriched in the heat treatments, i.e. related to for example energy metabolism, cuticle genes and extracellular matrix. The data presented in this study provides the first transcriptome available for T. longicornis which can be used for future genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Semmouri
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jana Asselman
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Colin R Janssen
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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Akbarzadeh A, Günther OP, Houde AL, Li S, Ming TJ, Jeffries KM, Hinch SG, Miller KM. Developing specific molecular biomarkers for thermal stress in salmonids. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:749. [PMID: 30326831 PMCID: PMC6192343 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5108-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) serve as good biological indicators of the breadth of climate warming effects on fish because their anadromous life cycle exposes them to environmental challenges in both marine and freshwater environments. Our study sought to mine the extensive functional genomic studies in fishes to identify robust thermally-responsive biomarkers that could monitor molecular physiological signatures of chronic thermal stress in fish using non-lethal sampling of gill tissue. Results Candidate thermal stress biomarkers for gill tissue were identified using comparisons among microarray datasets produced in the Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, six external, published microarray studies on chronic and acute temperature stress in salmon, and a comparison of significant genes across published studies in multiple fishes using deep literature mining. Eighty-two microarray features related to 39 unique gene IDs were selected as candidate chronic thermal stress biomarkers. Most of these genes were identified both in the meta-analysis of salmon microarray data and in the literature mining for thermal stress markers in salmonids and other fishes. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assays for 32 unique genes with good efficiencies across salmon species were developed, and their activity in response to thermally challenged sockeye salmon (O. nerka) and Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) (cool, 13–14 °C and warm temperatures 18–19 °C) over 5–7 days was assessed. Eight genes, including two transcripts of each SERPINH1 and HSP90AA1, FKBP10, MAP3K14, SFRS2, and EEF2 showed strong and robust chronic temperature stress response consistently in the discovery analysis and both sockeye and Chinook salmon validation studies. Conclusions The results of both discovery analysis and gene expression showed that a panel of genes involved in chaperoning and protein rescue, oxidative stress, and protein biosynthesis were differentially activated in gill tissue of Pacific salmon in response to elevated temperatures. While individually, some of these biomarkers may also respond to other stressors or biological processes, when expressed in concert, we argue that a biomarker panel comprised of some or all of these genes could provide a reliable means to specifically detect thermal stress in field-caught salmon. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5108-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Akbarzadeh
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, 3190 Hammond Bay Road, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada. .,Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and technology, University of Hormozgan, P.O. Box: 3995, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | | | - Aimee Lee Houde
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, 3190 Hammond Bay Road, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Shaorong Li
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, 3190 Hammond Bay Road, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Tobi J Ming
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, 3190 Hammond Bay Road, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada
| | - Kenneth M Jeffries
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Scott G Hinch
- Pacific Salmon Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z4, Canada
| | - Kristina M Miller
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, 3190 Hammond Bay Road, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6N7, Canada
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Péden R, Rocher B, Chan P, Vaudry D, Poret A, Olivier S, Le Foll F, Bultelle F. Highly polluted life history and acute heat stress, a hazardous mix for blue mussels. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 135:594-606. [PMID: 30301078 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Intertidal sessile organisms constitute through their life history unintended stress recorders. This study focuses on the impact of pollution on Mytilus edulis ability to cope with an additional stress. For this purpose, two acclimation stages to different temperatures were conducted before an acute stress exposure in mussels collected from a heavily polluted site. Gill proteomes were analyzed by 2DE and regulated proteins identified. Massive mortality was observed for organisms acclimated to colder temperatures. Despite this major difference, both groups shared a common response with a strong representation of proteoforms corresponding to "folding, sorting and degradation" processes. Nevertheless, surviving mussels exhibit a marked increase in protein degradation consistent with the observed decrease of cell defense proteins. Mussels acclimated to warmer temperature response is essentially characterized by an improved heat shock response. These results show the differential ability of mussels to face both pollution and acute heat stress, particularly for low-acclimated organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Péden
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, Normandy University, France; Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, F-57000 Metz, France.
| | - Béatrice Rocher
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, Normandy University, France
| | - Philippe Chan
- Platform in proteomics PISSARO IRIB, Rouen University, Normandy University, France
| | - David Vaudry
- Platform in proteomics PISSARO IRIB, Rouen University, Normandy University, France; Laboratory of Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differenciation and Communication, INSERM U982, Rouen University, Normandy University, France
| | - Agnès Poret
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, Normandy University, France
| | - Stéphanie Olivier
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, Normandy University, France
| | - Frank Le Foll
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, Normandy University, France
| | - Florence Bultelle
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Le Havre University, Normandy University, France
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Romero MR, Pérez-Figueroa A, Carrera M, Swanson WJ, Skibinski DOF, Diz AP. RNA-seq coupled to proteomic analysis reveals high sperm proteome variation between two closely related marine mussel species. J Proteomics 2018; 192:169-187. [PMID: 30189323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Speciation mechanisms in marine organisms have attracted great interest because of the apparent lack of substantial barriers to genetic exchange in marine ecosystems. Marine mussels of the Mytilus edulis species complex provide a good model to study mechanisms underlying species formation. They hybridise extensively at many localities and both pre- and postzygotic isolating mechanisms may be operating. Mussels have external fertilisation and sperm cells should show specific adaptations for survival and successful fertilisation. Sperm thus represent key targets in investigations of the molecular mechanisms underlying reproductive isolation. We undertook a deep transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of mature male gonads and a 2DE/MS-based proteome analysis of sperm from Mytilus edulis and M. galloprovincialis raised in a common environment. We provide evidence of extensive expression differences between the two mussel species, and general agreement between the transcriptomic and proteomic results in the direction of expression differences between species. Differential expression is marked for mitochondrial genes and for those involved in spermatogenesis, sperm motility, sperm-egg interactions, the acrosome reaction, sperm capacitation, ATP reserves and ROS production. Proteins and their corresponding genes might thus be good targets in further genomic analysis of reproductive barriers between these closely related species. SIGNIFICANCE: Model systems for the study of fertilization include marine invertebrates with external fertilisation, such as abalones, sea urchins and mussels, because of the ease with which large quantities of gametes released into seawater can be collected after induced spawning. Unlike abalones and sea urchins, hybridisation has been reported between mussels of different Mytilus spp., which thus makes them very appealing for the study of reproductive isolation at both pre- and postzygotic levels. There is a lack of empirical proteomic studies on sperm samples comparing different Mytilus species, which could help to advance this study. A comparative analysis of sperm proteomes across different taxa may provide important insights into the fundamental molecular processes and mechanisms involved in reproductive isolation. It might also contribute to a better understanding of sperm function and of the adaptive evolution of sperm proteins in different taxa. There is now growing evidence from genomics studies that multiple protein complexes and many individual proteins might have important functions in sperm biology and the fertilisation process. From an applied perspective, the identification of sperm-specific proteins could also contribute to the improved understanding of fertility problems and as targets for fertility control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica R Romero
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Marine Research Centre, University of Vigo (CIM-UVIGO), Isla de Toralla, Vigo, Spain
| | - Andrés Pérez-Figueroa
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Willie J Swanson
- Department of Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - David O F Skibinski
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Angel P Diz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Marine Research Centre, University of Vigo (CIM-UVIGO), Isla de Toralla, Vigo, Spain.
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