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Ruan Z, Li Y, Chen Y. HECTD3 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis to exacerbate diabetes-related cognitive impairment by stabilising MALT1 to regulate JNK pathway. Arch Physiol Biochem 2024; 130:373-384. [PMID: 35913790 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2022.2093377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HECTD3 (HECT domain E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 3) exerts biological activities in neuroinflammation of distinct diseases, such as autoimmune encephalomyelitis and donations after heart death. However, the effect of HECTD3 on diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD) remains unclear. METHODS Wild-type or HECTD3-knockout rats were administered with streptozotocin to establish diabetic model. Pathological changes in the hippocampus were assessed by NISSL and haematoxylin and eosin staining. Morris water maze test was used to assess cognitive function. Neuronal survival and inflammation were investigated by immunofluorescence staining and ELISA assay. NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis were assessed by western blot, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry assays. RESULTS HECTD3 was up-regulated in hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and high glucose-induced PC12 cells. Knockout of HECTD3 increased the number of neurons and improved the learning and memory function. Moreover, knockout of HECTD3 promoted in vivo neuronal survival, and reduced levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the hippocampus. Silencing of HECTD3 increased cell viability, and reduced IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in high glucose-induced PC12 cells. Fluorescence intensities of NLRP3, GSDMD-N and caspase-1 were reduced in HECTD3-knockout diabetic rats, and knockdown of HECTD3 down-regulated protein expression of NLRP3, GSDMD-N, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 in high glucose-induced PC12 cells to suppress the pyroptosis. HECTD3 promoted the stability of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue 1 (MALT1) through up-regulation of c-JUN and phospho (p)-JNK in high glucose-induced PC12 cells. Over-expression of MALT1 attenuated neuroprotective effects of HECTD3 silencing on high glucose-induced PC12 cells. CONCLUSION HECTD3 silencing exerted neuroprotective effect against DACD through MALT1-mediated JNK signalling.HighlightsHECTD3 was up-regulated in hippocampus of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and high glucose-induced PC12.Knockout of HECTD3 promoted in vivo neuronal survival, reduced inflammation and pyroptosis, and improved the learning and memory function in diabetic rats.Knockout of HECTD3 suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetic rats.Silencing of HECTD3 exerted neuroprotective effects through MALT1-mediated JNK signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfan Ruan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yanfang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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Rashtchian A, Etemadi MH, Asadi E, Binaei S, Abbasi M, Bayani M, Izadi E, Sadat-Madani SF, Naziri M, Khoshravesh S, Shirani M, Asadi Anar M, Deravi N. Diabetes mellitus and risk of incident dementia in APOE ɛ4 carriers: an updated meta-analysis. BMC Neurosci 2024; 25:28. [PMID: 38918708 PMCID: PMC11201872 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-024-00878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Diabetes raises the risk of dementia, mortality, and cognitive decline in the elderly, potentially because of hereditary variables such as APOE. In this study, we aim to evaluate Diabetes mellitus and the risk of incident dementia in APOE ɛ4 carriers. METHOD We thoroughly searched PubMed (Medline), Scopus, and Google Scholar databases for related articles up to September 2023. The titles, abstracts, and full texts of articles were reviewed; data were extracted and analyzed. RESULT This meta-analysis included nine cohorts and seven cross-sectional articles with a total of 42,390 population. The study found that APOE ɛ4 carriers with type 2 diabetes (T2D) had a 48% higher risk of developing dementia compared to non-diabetic carriers (Hazard Ratio;1.48, 95%CI1.36-1.60). The frequency of dementia was 3 in 10 people (frequency: 0.3; 95%CI (0.15-0.48). No significant heterogeneity was observed. Egger's test, which we performed, revealed no indication of publication bias among the included articles (p = 0.2). CONCLUSION Overall, diabetes increases the risk of dementia, but further large-scale studies are still required to support the results of current research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Rashtchian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Etemadi
- Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elham Asadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Sara Binaei
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mina Abbasi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maedeh Bayani
- Student Research Committee,, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Izadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Mahdyieh Naziri
- Student Research Committee, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Shirani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Mahsa Asadi Anar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran.
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, SBUMS, Arabi Ave, Daneshjoo Blvd, Velenjak, Tehran, 19839-63113, Iran.
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Yin J, Fu X, Luo Y, Leng Y, Ao L, Xie C. A Narrative Review of Diabetic Macroangiopathy: From Molecular Mechanism to Therapeutic Approaches. Diabetes Ther 2024; 15:585-609. [PMID: 38302838 PMCID: PMC10942953 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-024-01532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic macroangiopathy, a prevalent and severe complication of diabetes mellitus, significantly contributes to the increased morbidity and mortality rates among affected individuals. This complex disorder involves multifaceted molecular mechanisms that lead to the dysfunction and damage of large blood vessels, including atherosclerosis (AS) and peripheral arterial disease. Understanding the intricate pathways underlying the development and progression of diabetic macroangiopathy is crucial for the development of effective therapeutic interventions. This review aims to shed light on the molecular mechanism implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic macroangiopathy. We delve into the intricate interplay of chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and dysregulated angiogenesis, all of which contribute to the vascular complications observed in this disorder. By exploring the molecular mechanism involved in the disease we provide insight into potential therapeutic targets and strategies. Moreover, we discuss the current therapeutic approaches used for treating diabetic macroangiopathy, including glycemic control, lipid-lowering agents, and vascular interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Yin
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Fu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No. 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Luo
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Leng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianjun Ao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine No, 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No. 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-Qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Takakura T. Nutrition, Exercise, and Cognitive Rehabilitation for Dementia Prevention. JUNTENDO IJI ZASSHI = JUNTENDO MEDICAL JOURNAL 2024; 70:9-22. [PMID: 38854809 PMCID: PMC11154644 DOI: 10.14789/jmj.jmj23-0032-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Dementia is one of the most significant global challenges in medical and social care in the 21st century. It affects not only the patients themselves, but also their families, caregivers, and society in general, causing physical, psychological, and socioeconomic effects. As of 2020, there are approximately 6 million people in Japan aged 65 or older with dementia, and this number is expected to increase to around 7 million by 2025, meaning that one out of every five elderly people will have dementia. To prevent the onset and progression of dementia, it is crucial to have a proper understanding of its risks and adopt a healthy lifestyle. Leading an active life from an early stage can also aid in delaying or preventing the onset of dementia. Livingston has identified 12 risks that can lead to dementia, including physical inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, air pollution, head injury, social isolation, poor educational history, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, depression, and hearing loss. Modifying one's lifestyle and leading an active life can be crucial in reducing these risks. The Mediterranean diet is gaining attention as a good practice for dementia prevention due to its diversity, richness in omega-3 fatty acids and vitamins. Exercise has been shown to prevent dementia on biological, behavioral, and socio-psychological levels. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that can alter brain plasticity and is being studied for clinical applications as a non-drug therapy for preventing dementia progression.
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Ashebir N, Hailesilassie H, Girma S, Nigusu E, Ezo E. Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Associated Factors Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Follow-up Treatment at Fiche General Hospital, North Ethiopia. SAGE Open Nurs 2024; 10:23779608241227752. [PMID: 38292043 PMCID: PMC10826377 DOI: 10.1177/23779608241227752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive impairment is having trouble remembering, learning new things, concentrating, or making decisions that affect the daily life of diabetic patients. The worldwide prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) was 2.8% in 2000 and is estimated to be 4.4% by 2030. Objective To assess the prevalence of cognitive impairment and associated factors among DM patients attending follow-up treatment at Fiche General Hospital, North Ethiopia, 2022. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 15 to September 15, 2022. The total sample size was 421 and a systematic random sampling technique was used. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview. Data were entered using EpiData Version 3.1 and exported to SPSS Version 24 for analysis. Statistically significant was declared at a P-value of less than .05 with an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Result The prevalence of cognitive impairment in the current study was 56.3% with (95% CI: 51.5-60.8). Primary educational status (AOR 6.73, 95% CI: 2.92-15.51), having Type II DM (AOR 4.93, 95% CI: 2.84-8.56), uncontrolled blood sugar (AOR 6.24, 95% CI: 3.84-10.17), and current alcohol use (AOR 1.94, 95% CI: 1.11-3.36) were significantly associated. Conclusion About three in 5 DM patients attending follow-up treatment at Fiche General Hospital were suffering from cognitive impairment. Educational status, type of DM, status of fasting blood sugar, and current alcohol use were associated with cognitive impairment among DM patients. Therefore, improving educational status, controlling blood sugar, and avoiding alcohol use may reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimona Ashebir
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Hailemariam Hailesilassie
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Shimelis Girma
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Nigusu
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Ezo
- Department of Comprehensive Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hosanna, Ethiopia
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Huang H, Zhao T, Li J, Shen J, Xiao R, Ma W. Gut microbiota regulation of inflammatory cytokines and microRNAs in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:7251-7267. [PMID: 37733050 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a major comorbidity known as diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD). Studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiota is crucial in mediating the cognitive abnormalities that occur in diabetic individuals. Additionally, changes in dietary fatty acid intake levels, inflammatory cytokines, and microRNAs (miRs) have an effect on cognitive performance. However, further studies are needed to identify the link between gut microbiota and cognition in T2DM patients and the role that the above indicators play in this process. In order to provide a new rationale for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes, this study was conducted in the middle-aged and elderly Beijing population to examine the differences in gut microbiota between DACD and T2DM patients as well as to further explore the role of erythrocyte membrane fatty acids, inflammatory cytokines, and miRs in gut microbiota-mediated cognitive impairment. According to the results, the abundance of norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, Acidaminococcus, Enterorhabdus, and norank_f_Clostridium_methylpentosum_group was higher in DACD patients compared to T2DM patients at the genus level. Compared with T2DM patients, plasma interleukin-12 (IL-12) concentrations were significantly higher in DACD patients than in T2DM patients, and IL-12 was significantly positively correlated with norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group. In addition, plasma miR-142-5p was significantly positively correlated with Enterorhabdus and norank_f_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group. We therefore hypothesize that cognitive impairment in T2DM patients is associated with altered gut microbial composition and that the effect of microbiota on cognition may be mediated through IL-12 and miR-142-5p. KEY POINTS: • Type 2 diabetes with or without cognitive impairment differs in gut microbiota. • Differential genera of gut microbiota were associated with inflammatory cytokines. • Differential genera of gut microbiota were associated with plasma microRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Huang
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchen Li
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Shen
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao X, Bie LY, Pang DR, Li X, Yang LF, Chen DD, Wang YR, Gao Y. The role of autophagy in the treatment of type II diabetes and its complications: a review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1228045. [PMID: 37810881 PMCID: PMC10551182 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1228045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by prolonged hyperglycemia and insulin resistance (IR). Its incidence is increasing annually, posing a significant threat to human life and health. Consequently, there is an urgent requirement to discover effective drugs and investigate the pathogenesis of T2DM. Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining normal islet structure. However, in a state of high glucose, autophagy is inhibited, resulting in impaired islet function, insulin resistance, and complications. Studies have shown that modulating autophagy through activation or inhibition can have a positive impact on the treatment of T2DM and its complications. However, it is important to note that the specific regulatory mechanisms vary depending on the target organ. This review explores the role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of T2DM, taking into account both genetic and external factors. It also provides a summary of reported chemical drugs and traditional Chinese medicine that target the autophagic pathway for the treatment of T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lu-Yao Bie
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dao-Ran Pang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Long-Fei Yang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Dan-Dan Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yue-Rui Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Zhang H, Yu L, Yun G. Reduced Serum Levels of Klotho are Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:129-137. [PMID: 36760583 PMCID: PMC9851628 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s394099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study objective was to investigate the serum levels of Klotho in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who had moderate cognitive impairment (MCI) and those without MCI and to determine its prediction of MCI in older patients with T2DM. METHODS Patients with diabetes were examined for MCI in 292 cases (using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment: MoCA score). Biomarkers and biochemical parameter data were accumulated. RESULTS Comparing T2DM patients with MCI (91 patients) and without MCI (101 patients), patients with MCI considerably reduced serum Klotho levels were observed. In all 292 hospitalized patients, serum Klotho levels were negatively correlated with age (r=-0.184, P=0.002), body mass index (BMI) (r=-0.151, P=0.010), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (r=-0.197, P=0.001), creatinine (r=-0.178, P=0.002), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (r=-0.319, P<0.001). On the other hand, it is positively correlated with education (r=0.319, P<0.001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (r=0.272, P<0.001). Considering the findings of the multivariate logistic regression models, patients with type 2 diabetes who had reduced levels of serum Klotho (OR=0.987, 95% CI=0.980-0.994; P<0.001), lower HDL-C, increased levels of HbA1c, creatinine, and CRP, and limited years of formal education and a longer duration of T2DM, increase the risk of developing MCI. CONCLUSION The results showed that diabetic patients with MCI have lower serum Klotho levels than diabetic patients without MCI. It might be possible to do a more extensive population-based prospective investigation to confirm the correlation between serum Klotho levels and cognitive impairment or dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haina Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Pudong, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lou Yu
- Department of Preventive Treatment, Shanghai Seventh People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gai Yun
- Department of General Medicine, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Gai Yun, Chief Physician, Department of General Medicine, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, No. 358, Datong Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200137, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13917898986, Email
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Al-Onaizi M, Al-Sarraf A, Braysh K, Kazem F, Al-Hussaini H, Rao M, Kilarkaje N, ElAli A. Impaired spatial navigation and age-dependent hippocampal synaptic dysfunction are associated with chronic inflammatory response in db/db mice. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:6003-6021. [PMID: 36226387 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), which has been proposed to be driven by an abnormal neuroinflammatory response affecting cognitive function. However, the impact of T2DM on hippocampal function and synaptic integrity during aging has not been investigated. Here, we investigated the effects of aging in T2DM on AD-like pathology using the leptin receptor-deficient db/db mouse model of T2DM. Our results indicate that adult T2DM mice exhibited impaired spatial acquisition in the Morris water maze (MWM). Morphological analysis showed an age-dependent neuronal loss in the dentate gyrus. We found that astrocyte density was significantly decreased in all regions of the hippocampus in T2DM mice. Our analysis showed that microglial activation was increased in the CA3 and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in an age-dependent manner in T2DM mice. However, the expression of presynaptic marker protein (synaptophysin) and the postsynaptic marker protein [postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95)] was unchanged in the hippocampus of adult T2DM mice. Interestingly, synaptophysin and PSD95 expression significantly decreased in the hippocampus of aged T2DM mice, suggesting an impaired hippocampal synaptic integrity. Cytokine profiling analysis displayed a robust pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in the hippocampus of aged T2DM mice compared with the younger cohort, outlining the role of aging in exacerbating the neuroinflammatory profile in the diabetic state. Our results suggest that T2DM impairs cognitive function by promoting neuronal loss in the dentate gyrus and triggering an age-dependent deterioration in hippocampal synaptic integrity, associated with an aberrant neuroinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Onaizi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ahmad Al-Sarraf
- Undergraduate Medical Degree Program, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Kawthar Braysh
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Fatema Kazem
- Undergraduate Medical Degree Program, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Heba Al-Hussaini
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Muddanna Rao
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Narayana Kilarkaje
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ayman ElAli
- Neuroscience Axis, Research Center of CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Rizzo MR, Di Meo I, Polito R, Auriemma MC, Gambardella A, di Mauro G, Capuano A, Paolisso G. Cognitive impairment and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus of SGLT2 inhibitors treatment. Pharmacol Res 2022; 176:106062. [PMID: 35017046 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Gliflozins are a novel class of oral anti-diabetic drugs, acting as inhibitors of sodium-glucose co-transporters (SGLTs) through the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) and intestinal epithelium. The sodium-glucose co-transporters 2 (SGLT2) are mainly expressed in S1 and S2 segments of the proximal convoluted tubule in the kidneys. Clinical guidelines recommend their use especially in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with vascular complications and/or heart failure highlighting the importance of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) pleiotropic effects. Interestingly, cognitive decline is a widely recognized complication of T2DM and, in addition, to clarify its pathophysiology, there is an urgent need to understand how and if diabetes therapies can control diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction. At the time, although SGLT2 proteins are present in the Central Nervous System (CNS), the SGLT2i effects on cognitive impairments remain partly unknown. In pre-clinical studies, SGLT2i ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in obese and T2DM mice, reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and improving neuronal plasticity and mitochondrial brain pathway. In addition, SGLT2i could bring back mTOR to a physiological state of activation, stopping neurodegenerative diseases' onset or progression. Instead, clinical studies on T2DM-related cognitive dysfunction treated by SGLT2i are much more limited. For these reasons, further studies are needed to better elucidate if SGLT2i therapy can affect T2DM-related cognitive decline. In this scenario, this review aims to summarize the state of knowledge on the role of SGLT2i in T2DM-related cognitive dysfunction and stimulate new clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Rizzo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Irene Di Meo
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Polito
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Auriemma
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Gambardella
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella di Mauro
- Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Capuano
- Department of Experimental Medicine - Section of Pharmacology "L. Donatelli", University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolisso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences - University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
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11
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Blanchette JE, Aaron SP, Allen NA, Litchman ML. Equity in the Provision of Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support. Diabetes Spectr 2022; 35:284-294. [PMID: 36082013 PMCID: PMC9396716 DOI: 10.2337/dsi22-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) interventions must be accessible to all people with diabetes. To address equity in the delivery of DSMES, interventions should consider the unique needs of various populations. This article outlines the needs of a wide range of populations, including people with diabetes who are racially or ethnically diverse; have limited English proficiency or literacy; are deaf or hard of hearing; are blind or have low vision; are neurodiverse; live with learning disabilities or intellectual or developmental disabilities; have dementia or cognitive impairment; or are of sexual and/or gender minority. The authors discuss how best to tailor DSMES to meet the needs of these diverse groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Blanchette
- Center for Diabetes and Obesity, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
- Corresponding author: Julia E. Blanchette,
| | | | - Nancy A. Allen
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Michelle L. Litchman
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, UT
- Utah Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, Salt Lake City, UT
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12
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Sana SRGL, Li EY, Deng XJ, Guo L. Association between plasma dipeptidyl peptidase-4 levels and cognitive function in perinatal pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:10161-10171. [PMID: 34904086 PMCID: PMC8638028 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i33.10161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is associated with cognitive dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes.
AIM To assess a possible relationship between serum DPP4 and cognitive function in perinatal pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
METHODS The study subjects were divided into three groups: GDM group (n = 81), healthy pregnant (HP) group (n = 85), and control group (n = 51). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess the cognitive status of each group. Venous blood samples were collected to measure blood lipids, glycated hemoglobin, and glucose levels. For each participant, a 3-mL blood sample was collected and centrifuged, and the serum was collected. Blood samples were stored at -80 ℃, and DPP4, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were detected using ELISA.
RESULTS The MoCA scores in the GDM and HP groups were significantly different from those in the control group in terms of visuospatial/executive function and attention (P < 0.05); however, the scores were not significantly different between the GDM and HP groups (P > 0.05). In terms of language, the GDM group had significantly different scores from those in the other two groups (P < 0.05). In terms of memory, a significant difference was found between the HP and control groups (P < 0.05), as well as between the GDM and HP groups. The levels of DPP4, IL-6, and 8-iso-PGF2α in the GDM group were significantly higher than those in the HP and control groups (P < 0.05); however, the differences between these levels in the HP and control groups were not significant (P > 0.05). The level of BDNF in the GDM group was significantly lower than that in the HP and control groups (P < 0.05), although the difference in this level between the HP and control groups was not significant (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION Cognitive dysfunction in perinatal pregnant women with GDM mainly manifested as memory loss, which might be associated with elevated DPP4 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ri-Gu-Leng Sana
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - En-You Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xi-Jin Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Pignalosa FC, Desiderio A, Mirra P, Nigro C, Perruolo G, Ulianich L, Formisano P, Beguinot F, Miele C, Napoli R, Fiory F. Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment: A Role for Glucotoxicity and Dopaminergic Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212366. [PMID: 34830246 PMCID: PMC8619146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, responsible for the onset of several long-term complications. Recent evidence suggests that cognitive dysfunction represents an emerging complication of DM, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still obscure. Dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter essentially known for its relevance in the regulation of behavior and movement, modulates cognitive function, too. Interestingly, alterations of the dopaminergic system have been observed in DM. This review aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the most relevant experimental results assessing DA’s role in cognitive function, highlighting the presence of dopaminergic dysfunction in DM and supporting a role for glucotoxicity in DM-associated dopaminergic dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Several studies confirm a role for DA in cognition both in animal models and in humans. Similarly, significant alterations of the dopaminergic system have been observed in animal models of experimental diabetes and in diabetic patients, too. Evidence is accumulating that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their precursor methylglyoxal (MGO) are associated with cognitive impairment and alterations of the dopaminergic system. Further research is needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms linking DM-associated dopaminergic dysfunction and cognitive impairment and to assess the deleterious impact of glucotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Chiara Pignalosa
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Desiderio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Mirra
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cecilia Nigro
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perruolo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Ulianich
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Beguinot
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Miele
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-746-3248
| | - Raffaele Napoli
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesca Fiory
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (F.C.P.); (A.D.); (P.M.); (C.N.); (G.P.); (L.U.); (P.F.); (F.B.); (R.N.); (F.F.)
- URT “Genomic of Diabetes”, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Singh M, Kapoor A, Bhatnagar A. Physiological and Pathological Roles of Aldose Reductase. Metabolites 2021; 11:655. [PMID: 34677370 PMCID: PMC8541668 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR) is an aldo-keto reductase that catalyzes the first step in the polyol pathway which converts glucose to sorbitol. Under normal glucose homeostasis the pathway represents a minor route of glucose metabolism that operates in parallel with glycolysis. However, during hyperglycemia the flux of glucose via the polyol pathway increases significantly, leading to excessive formation of sorbitol. The polyol pathway-driven accumulation of osmotically active sorbitol has been implicated in the development of secondary diabetic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Based on the notion that inhibition of AR could prevent these complications a range of AR inhibitors have been developed and tested; however, their clinical efficacy has been found to be marginal at best. Moreover, recent work has shown that AR participates in the detoxification of aldehydes that are derived from lipid peroxidation and their glutathione conjugates. Although in some contexts this antioxidant function of AR helps protect against tissue injury and dysfunction, the metabolic transformation of the glutathione conjugates of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes could also lead to the generation of reactive metabolites that can stimulate mitogenic or inflammatory signaling events. Thus, inhibition of AR could have both salutary and injurious outcomes. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence suggests that inhibition of AR could modify the effects of cardiovascular disease, asthma, neuropathy, sepsis, and cancer; therefore, additional work is required to selectively target AR inhibitors to specific disease states. Despite past challenges, we opine that a more gainful consideration of therapeutic modulation of AR activity awaits clearer identification of the specific role(s) of the AR enzyme in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahavir Singh
- Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Aniruddh Kapoor
- Internal Medicine—Critical Care, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63141, USA;
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
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15
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Cognitive Dysfunction of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Perinatal Period. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:2302379. [PMID: 34422242 PMCID: PMC8371610 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2302379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To explore whether pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) had cognitive impairment and assess cognitive function in normal pregnant women. Methods A total of 75 consecutive women diagnosed with GDM (GDM group), 70 normal pregnant women (NP group) without diabetes and matched for age, and 51 female volunteers (CG group) with the similar age level, normal blood glucose, and nonpregnancy were included in the study. For the assessment of cognitive functions, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was performed. Venous blood samples were collected to measure blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), methylglyoxal (MGO), beta amyloid (Aβ), and tau protein. Results The score of MoCA of GDM was lowest, and the score of the NP group was lower than volunteers (P < 0.05). The incidence of cognitive dysfunction increased significantly in the GDM group with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The levels of tau and MGO in the GDM group were significantly less than those in the NP and CG groups, and Aβ in the GDM group was significantly more than that in the NP and CG groups (P < 0.05), but the differences between NP and CG groups were not statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion The pregnant women with GDM showed a significant decline in cognitive function, and the normal pregnant women also showed a decline in cognitive function which is very light.
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Han J, Tang H, Yao L, Jin E, Pan W, Chen S. Azilsartan protects against hyperglycemia-induced hyperpermeability of the blood-brain barrier. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3621-3633. [PMID: 34266350 PMCID: PMC8806574 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1948950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disease with significant neurological complications and is reported to be closely related to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Azilsartan is an antagonist of the Angiotensin II receptor developed for the treatment of hypertension, and it has been recently reported to have neuroprotective effects. The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of Azilsartan against hyperglycemia-induced BBB disruption and its underlying mechanism. Male db/db mice were treated with Azilsartan (20 μg/day) for 10 consecutive days. Compared to the control group, increased BBB permeability, suppressed occludin expression, excessive release of inflammatory factors, and downregulation of krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) were observed in diabetic mice, all of which were dramatically reversed by Azilsartan treatment. In the in vitro experiments, elevated endothelial permeability and decreased expression of occludin and KLF2 were observed in high glucose-challenged endothelial cells, which were significantly alleviated by Azilsartan. Lastly, the silencing of KLF2 abolished the protective effects of Azilsartan against the high glucose-induced expression of occludin and endothelial monolayer permeability in bEnd.3 brain endothelial cells. Based on these observations, we concluded that Azilsartan protected against hyperglycemia-induced hyperpermeability of BBB via the KLF2/occludin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Longfei Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Erliang Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Wanxi Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Shaojun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China
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Wu N, Liu W, Wang J, Han Y, Ye Y, Liu X, Yu Y, Chen Q, Bao Y, Liu C. Berberine ameliorates neuronal AD-like change via activating Pi3k/PGCε pathway. Biofactors 2021; 47:587-599. [PMID: 33740285 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
IR (insulin resistance) in diabetic brain gave rise to the generation of toxic factor Aβ42 and axon collapse which were the marker of AD (Alzheimer's disease)-like lesions in the circumstance of diabetes mellitus. But the underling molecular mechanism was not clear. Chronic HGHI (high glucose and high insulin) exposure accelerates IR has been reported in type II diabetes models. Berberine has been shown to promising effect for IR in vitro and in vivo. This study demonstrates the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of berberine on HGHI-induced IR. HGHI-induced cells were used to mimic the hyperinsulinemia resulting in IR. Berberine was used to uncover the mechanisms for the treatment of hyperinsulinemia in IR model. Morris water maze (MWM), PET imaging, CCK8 assay, ELISA assay, glucose kits, microscopy, and western blot analysis were performed to evaluate the protective effects of berberine. Berberine-improved HGHI-induced IR was correlated with the increase of glucose application in neurons. Meanwhile, the expressions of Pi3K, as well as GLUT3, PKCε, and APP were downregulated in the model, while p-IRS Ser307 was upregulated compared with Normal group. Fortunately, these scenes were reversed by berberine administration. Furthermore, berberine decreased GSK3β Y216 expressions, inhibited the production of oligomer Aβ42 and extended neuronal axon. The monomeric berberine treatment improves IR that may be involved in glucose effective application, rectifying the related proteins of the aberrant insulin pathway. Additionally, it suppressed the generation of Aβ42 and ameliorated neuron axon damage. Finally, berberine improves DM (diabetes mellitus)-induced cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghua Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Basic Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yanqi Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yu Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Xiufen Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yuandong Yu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Qingjie Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Yongfen Bao
- Basic Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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Alkethiri K, Almtroudi T, Jurays AB, Abanumay F, Aldammas M, AlKhodheer M, Iqbal M, Habib SS, Bashir S. The relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus with cognitive functions. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06358. [PMID: 33748460 PMCID: PMC7969332 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with impairment of cognitive functions. Since the majority of patients with diabetes in the Saudi population are between the ages of 40 and 69 years, it is crucial to ascertain whether the control of blood glucose level negatively correlates with the level of cognitive function scores similar to the way it correlates in those who are not controlling their blood glucose level with medications. Aims To assess cognitive functions in patients with T2DM and examine the effect of glycemic control on cognitive functions impairment in Saudi adults with T2DM. Methods and material Seventy-nine patients with T2DM underwent cognitive assessment testing using the Cambridge neuropsychological test automated battery (CANTAB), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Fatigue severity scale. Their cognitive function scores were then correlated with their blood glucose levels, duration of diabetes, and levels of education. Poor glycemic control was defined as glycated hemoglobin levels more than 7.5. We excluded patients with depression or neurocognitive disorders as well as those over 75 years of age. Results Attention switching task (AST) total latency (P = 0.003), AST congruent score (P = 0.002), AST incongruent score (P = 0.003), AST block 3 (p = 0.004), and AST Block 7 (p = 0.006) were significantly higher in poorly-controlled DM. The intra-extra dimensional set shift (IED) total errors were significantly higher in poorly-controlled patients (p = 0.023). The difference in IED stages completed (p = 0.716) and spatial span (SSP) (p = 0.782) were not significant between the two groups. The mini-mental state exam (p = 0.336) and the fatigue severity scale (P = 0.167) did not show any statistical significance between good and poor control of T2DM. There was a significant positive correlation between the duration of T2DM and AST latencies for AST total latency, AST congruent score, and AST incongruent score. Conclusions Patients with T2DM have a statistically significant association between their cognitive functions and their glycemic control. Patients with uncontrolled T2DM showed decreased cognitive scores. Moreover, worsened cognitive scores were associated with longer disease duration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tariq Almtroudi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Faisal Abanumay
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Shahid Habib
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Stanciu GD, Ababei DC, Bild V, Bild W, Paduraru L, Gutu MM, Tamba BI. Renal Contributions in the Pathophysiology and Neuropathological Substrates Shared by Chronic Kidney Disease and Alzheimer's Disease. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E563. [PMID: 32824404 PMCID: PMC7464898 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10080563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease and Alzheimer's disease are chronic conditions highly prevalent in elderly communities and societies, and a diagnosis of them is devastating and life changing. Demanding therapies and changes, such as non-compliance, cognitive impairment, and non-cognitive anomalies, may lead to supplementary symptoms and subsequent worsening of well-being and quality of life, impacting the socio-economic status of both patient and family. In recent decades, additional hypotheses have attempted to clarify the connection between these two diseases, multifactorial in their nature, but even so, the mechanisms behind this link are still elusive. In this paper, we sought to highlight the current understanding of the mechanisms for cognitive decline in patients with these concurrent pathologies and provide insight into the relationship between markers related to these disease entities and whether the potential biomarkers for renal function may be used for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Exploring detailed knowledge of etiologies, heterogeneity of risk factors, and neuropathological processes associated with these conditions opens opportunities for the development of new therapies and biomarkers to delay or slow their progression and validation of whether the setting of chronic kidney disease could be a potential determinant for cognitive damage in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.D.S.); (B.-I.T.)
| | - Daniela Carmen Ababei
- Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Veronica Bild
- Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy Department, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Walther Bild
- Department of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Luminita Paduraru
- Department Mother & Child Care, Division Neonatology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Marius Gutu
- Department of Biophysics and Medical Physics-Nuclear Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Bogdan-Ionel Tamba
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (G.D.S.); (B.-I.T.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Algesiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Tang L, Ren X, Han Y, Chen L, Meng X, Zhang C, Chu H, Kong L, Ma H. Sulforaphane attenuates apoptosis of hippocampal neurons induced by high glucose via regulating endoplasmic reticulum. Neurochem Int 2020; 136:104728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Alfahadi A, Habib SS, Alharbi K, Alturki D, Alshamrani F, Bashir S. Assessment of fatigue severity and neurocognitive functions in the real setting of Ramadan in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03997. [PMID: 32509983 PMCID: PMC7264050 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is linked with a risk of dementia and decline in neurocognitive function. The current observational case-control study was conducted to evaluate the effect of fasting during Ramadan on cognitive functions and fatigue severity in T2DM patients using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). METHODS This research was conducted at King Saud University Medical city, on 82 subjects including 43 control and 39 T2DM patients of both genders. The standardized Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and tests from CANTAB, including the Motor Screening Task (MOT), Spatial Span (SSP) and Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift (IED) were recorded during 3rd week and 2-3 weeks after Ramadan under controlled environmental conditions. Neurocognitive functions were recorded through CANTAB. RESULTS IED errors (24.43 vs 50.73, p = 0.007), MOT mean and median latency (1466.32 vs 1120.27, p = 0.002) were significantly higher in T2DM than controls. IED stages completed (7.43 vs 8.69, p = 0.003) and SSP Span length were significantly lower in T2DM than controls (4.13 vs 4.82, p = 0.059). The significant differences between T2DM patients and controls persisted in the post. T2DM patients made more errors and completed less IED stages than did the controls, indicating that a worsened flexibility of attention relative to controls. Moreover, T2DM patients exhibited longer latencies in MOT, indicating poor motor performance. A comparison of performances by T2DM patients on FSS and CANTAB during and after Ramadan showed that fasting substantially increased fatigue scales, motor performance, and working-memory capacity. CONCLUSIONS Patients with T2DM have impaired cognitive functions including poor motor performance, low flexibility of attention, and poor working memory capacity compared to healthy control subjects during and also in post Ramadan period. However, there is no clear statistical evidence that the cognitive functions (except for SSP SL scores) and fatigue severity of T2DM subjects differ between Ramadan and after Ramadan in both T2DM and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alfahadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Shahid Habib
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Koloud Alharbi
- College of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, 22421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deema Alturki
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Alshamrani
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahid Bashir
- Department of Neurophysiology, Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Li L, Cavuoto M, Biddiscombe K, Pike KE. Diabetes Mellitus Increases Risk of Incident Dementia in APOE ɛ4 Carriers: A Meta-Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 74:1295-1308. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-191068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lily Li
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marina Cavuoto
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karen Biddiscombe
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kerryn E. Pike
- School of Psychology & Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Yokomichi H, Kondo K, Nagamine Y, Yamagata Z, Kondo N. Dementia risk by combinations of metabolic diseases and body mass index: Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study Cohort Study. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:206-215. [PMID: 31207179 PMCID: PMC6944839 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION To compare the dementia risk associated with pre-existing diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m2 ) and underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2 ) among older adults. We also explored the dementia risk associated with combinations of metabolic diseases and BMI. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. Participants completed a health checkup in 2010 and were followed for 5.8 years on average. Dementia was measured by municipal long-term care insurance registration. Diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and underweight were diagnosed by medication use or health examination results. We calculated the incidence of dementia and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS Among 3,696 participating older adults, 338 developed dementia. Adjusted HRs (95% confidence intervals) in men and women (reference: those without corresponding disease of normal weight) were as follows: 2.22 (1.26-3.90) and 2.00 (1.07-3.74) for diabetes; 0.56 (0.29-1.10) and 1.05 (0.64-1.71) for hypertension; 1.30 (0.87-1.94) and 0.73 (0.49-1.08) for dyslipidemia; 0.73 (0.42-1.28) and 0.82 (0.49-1.37) for BMI of 25-29.9 kg/m2 ; and 1.04 (0.51-2.10) and 1.72 (1.05-2.81) for underweight. Dementia risk was significantly higher in underweight men with dyslipidemia (HR 4.15, 95% CI 1.79-9.63) compared with normal-weight men without dyslipidemia, and in underweight women with hypertension (HR 3.79, 1.55-9.28) compared with normal-weight women without hypertension. Dementia incidence was highest among underweight older adults with hypertension followed by dyslipidemia. CONCLUSIONS Among Japanese older adults, underweight and prevalent diabetes are risk factors for developing dementia. Lower BMI is also associated with a higher incidence of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Department of Social Preventive Medical SciencesCenter for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
- Department of Gerontological EvaluationCenter for Gerontology and Social ScienceNational Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyAichiJapan
| | - Yuiko Nagamine
- Department of Social Preventive Medical SciencesCenter for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Zentaro Yamagata
- Department of Health SciencesUniversity of YamanashiYamanashiJapan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Health Education and Health SociologySchool of Public HealthThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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24
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The neuroprotection of liraglutide on diabetic cognitive deficits is associated with improved hippocampal synapses and inhibited neuronal apoptosis. Life Sci 2019; 231:116566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Icariin Inhibits AGE-Induced Injury in PC12 Cells by Directly Targeting Apoptosis Regulator Bax. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7940808. [PMID: 31178973 PMCID: PMC6501163 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7940808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is a serious complication caused by long-term cognitive impairment in diabetic patients. At present, there is no effective treatment for DE. Icariin (ICA) is a bioactive ingredient isolated from Epimedium. Previous research indicated that ICA was neuroprotective against Aβ-induced PC12 cell insult; however, the effect of ICA on an advanced glycosylation end product- (AGE-) induced neural injury model has not been studied. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of ICA on AGE-induced injury in PC12 cells. Our findings revealed that ICA could effectively protect PC12 cells from AGE-induced cell apoptosis by suppressing oxidative stress. Moreover, we observed that ICA could significantly protect against mitochondrial depolarization following AGE stimulation and inactivate the mitochondria-dependent caspase-9/3 apoptosis pathway. Most notably, we identified the direct target protein of ICA as apoptosis regulator Bax by a pulldown assay. We found that ICA could specifically target Bax protein and inhibit Bax dimer formation and migration to mitochondria. Furthermore, a siRNA knockdown experiment revealed that ICA could inhibit PC12 cell apoptosis and oxidative stress through targeting Bax. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that ICA could attenuate AGE-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis by specifically targeting Bax and further regulating the biological function of Bax on mitochondria.
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Dysregulation of Glycogen Metabolism with Concomitant Spatial Memory Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes: Potential Beneficial Effects of Chronic Exercise. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 23:363-383. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-27480-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Shi Y, Liu Z, Shen Y, Zhu H. A Novel Perspective Linkage Between Kidney Function and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:384. [PMID: 30429775 PMCID: PMC6220726 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It has long been believed that kidney function is linked to brain activity. Clinical studies demonstrate that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are more prone to cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the degree of cognitive impairment is closely related to CKD progression and renal failure. Moreover, the fact that cognitive function in CKD patients is significantly improved after successful kidney transplantation reveals a linkage between CKD and AD. However, the mechanisms behind this linkage are unclear. The physiological function of the kidney is to maintain the stability of the internal environment, including the cerebrovascular circulation, whereas abnormal kidney function often leads to ischemia and hypoxia. Many CKD patients experience chronic hypoxia, and many urinary toxins accumulate after renal function is impaired. In this mini review, we will propose a novel perspective on the association between AD and CKD and the connection between the kidney and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
- Center for Advanced Therapeutic Strategies for Brain Disorders, The Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL, United States
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing, China
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Du F, Li D, Piao LS, Yang KJ. Association of sLR11 gene polymorphism with T2DM and carotid atherosclerosis. Technol Health Care 2018; 26:391-400. [PMID: 29865095 DOI: 10.3233/thc-171040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Du
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Lian-Shan Piao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Kang-Juan Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, Jilin, China
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29
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Zhen J, Lin T, Huang X, Zhang H, Dong S, Wu Y, Song L, Xiao R, Yuan L. Association of ApoE Genetic Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes with Cognition in Non-Demented Aging Chinese Adults: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study. Aging Dis 2018; 9:346-357. [PMID: 29896424 PMCID: PMC5988591 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism has been implicated in predisposition to diabetes and dementia in old population, but the results from the different studies were inconclusive. A cross-sectional study was carried out to explore the relationship among ApoE gene polymorphism, diabetes and cognition in non-demented aging Chinese adults. A total number of 1000 community dwellers aged 55 years and above were randomly recruited. Demographic information of the participants was collected using well designed self-administered questionnaires. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test was employed to evaluate the cognitive status of the participants. Semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain the dietary intake information. Fasting venous blood samples were taken for ApoE genotyping and serum lipid measurements. 238 participants were type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 145 participants were ApoE4 carriers. ApoE 4-T2DM subjects had higher serum triglyceride (TG) concentration than E2 and E3 carriers (P < 0.05). T2DM subjects carrying ApoE4 had lower cognition than subjects with E2 or E3 carriers (P < 0.05). Comparing to non-type 2 diabetic mild cognitive impaired (nT2DM-MCI) subjects, the type 2 diabetic mild cognitive impaired (T2DM-MCI) subjects have higher serum glucose (Glu) level and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) level (P < 0.05). The T2DM-MCI subjects carrying ApoE4 have lower cognition than E2 and E3 carriers (P <0.05); and the interaction of ApoE genotype with T2DM was detected (P < 0.05). Our results indicated the association among ApoE gene polymorphism, T2DM and cognitive performance in non-demented aging population. The carrying of ApoE4 predisposed the T2DM subjects and the T2DM-MCI subjects to have poor cognitive performance. Additional experimental studies are required to explore the mechanism that ApoE genotype modifies the risk for cognitive impairment in aging subjects with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhen
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tong Lin
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huiqiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shengqi Dong
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Linlin Song
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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30
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Ye F, Luo YJ, Xiao J, Yu NW, Yi G. Impact of Insulin Sensitizers on the Incidence of Dementia: A Meta-Analysis. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2018; 41:251-60. [PMID: 27250528 DOI: 10.1159/000445941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abundant evidence from epidemiological and clinical studies has proven that diabetes mellitus (DM) is correlated with an increased incidence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Insulin resistance is considered to play an important role in the associations between DM and dementia. However, whether insulin sensitizer drugs are effective in preventing dementia still remains unclear. METHODS Electronic searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and the ISI Web of Science were conducted to identify studies that reported about the associations between insulin sensitizers and the incidence of dementia. The included studies were reviewed, and a meta-analysis was performed using STATA to determine the combined relative risk (RR) for the incidence of dementia when using insulin sensitizers. Subgroup analysis and meta regression were also conducted. RESULTS In total, nine comparisons out of six studies were qualified for inclusion, and data from 544,093 participants were evaluated. The results of the meta-analysis revealed a combined RR of 0.78 (95% CI 0.64-0.95, p = 0.015) for the incidence of dementia when using insulin sensitizers. The incidence rate of dementia was reduced with either metformin (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.62-1.01, p = 0.064) or thiazolidinediones (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.56-1.00, p = 0.050), both with a marginal trend toward significance. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that insulin sensitizer drugs might provide protection against incident dementia. Controlled studies with large samples should be conducted to further confirm these conclusions and provide information for clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ye
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
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31
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Allen NA, Litchman ML, May AL. Using advanced diabetes technologies in patients with dementia in assisted living facilities: Case studies. COGENT MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/2331205x.2017.1411632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy A. Allen
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 East 2000 South, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Michelle L. Litchman
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, 10 East 2000 South, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alisyn L. May
- College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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32
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Umegaki H, Kawamura T, Umemura T, Kawano N. Association of blood pressure and cognitive decline in older adults with diabetes mellitus during a 9-year observational study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17:514-515. [PMID: 28345231 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiko Kawamura
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Internal Medicine, Chubu Rosai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Center for Preventive Medicine, Chubu Rosai Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Naoko Kawano
- Department of Psychiatry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Shima T, Matsui T, Jesmin S, Okamoto M, Soya M, Inoue K, Liu YF, Torres-Aleman I, McEwen BS, Soya H. Moderate exercise ameliorates dysregulated hippocampal glycometabolism and memory function in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2017; 60:597-606. [PMID: 27928614 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Type 2 diabetes is likely to be an independent risk factor for hippocampal-based memory dysfunction, although this complication has yet to be investigated in detail. As dysregulated glycometabolism in peripheral tissues is a key symptom of type 2 diabetes, it is hypothesised that diabetes-mediated memory dysfunction is also caused by hippocampal glycometabolic dysfunction. If so, such dysfunction should also be ameliorated with moderate exercise by normalising hippocampal glycometabolism, since 4 weeks of moderate exercise enhances memory function and local hippocampal glycogen levels in normal animals. METHODS The hippocampal glycometabolism in OLETF rats (model of human type 2 diabetes) was assessed and, subsequently, the effects of exercise on memory function and hippocampal glycometabolism were investigated. RESULTS OLETF rats, which have memory dysfunction, exhibited higher levels of glycogen in the hippocampus than did control rats, and breakdown of hippocampal glycogen with a single bout of exercise remained unimpaired. However, OLETF rats expressed lower levels of hippocampal monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2, a transporter for lactate to neurons). Four weeks of moderate exercise improved spatial memory accompanied by further increase in hippocampal glycogen levels and restoration of MCT2 expression independent of neurotrophic factor and clinical symptoms in OLETF rats. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings are the first to describe detailed profiles of glycometabolism in the type 2 diabetic hippocampus and to show that 4 weeks of moderate exercise improves memory dysfunction in type 2 diabetes via amelioration of dysregulated hippocampal glycometabolism. Dysregulated hippocampal lactate-transport-related glycometabolism is a possible aetiology of type-2-diabetes-mediated memory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Shima
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsui
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
- Department of Sports Neuroscience, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Cajal Institute, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Subrina Jesmin
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
- Department of Sports Neuroscience, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Okamoto
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mariko Soya
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
| | - Koshiro Inoue
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
| | - Yu-Fan Liu
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
| | | | - Bruce S McEwen
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hideaki Soya
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Neuroendocrinology, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan.
- Department of Sports Neuroscience, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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Nonogaki Z, Umegaki H, Makino T, Suzuki Y, Kuzuya M. Relationship between cardiac autonomic function and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 17:92-98. [PMID: 26643357 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects many central nervous structures and neurotransmitter systems. These changes affect not only cognitive function, but also cardiac autonomic function. However, the functional relationship between cardiac autonomic function and cognition in AD has not yet been investigated. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between cardiac autonomic function measured by heart rate variability and cognitive function in AD. METHODS A total of 78 AD patients were recruited for this study. Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated using heart rate variability analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to model the association between heart rate variability and cognitive function (global cognitive function, memory, executive function and processing speed), after adjustment for covariates. RESULTS Global cognitive function was negatively associated with sympathetic modulation (low-to-high frequency power ratio). Memory performance was positively associated with parasympathetic modulation (high frequency power) and negatively associated with sympathetic modulation (low-to-high frequency power ratio). These associations were independent of age, sex, educational years, diabetes, hypertension and cholinesterase inhibitor use. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive function, especially in the areas of memory, is associated with cardiac autonomic function in AD. Specifically, lower cognitive performance was found to be associated with significantly higher cardiac sympathetic and lower parasympathetic function in AD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 92-98.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zen Nonogaki
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taeko Makino
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Rosenblat JD, Brietzke E, Mansur RB, Maruschak NA, Lee Y, McIntyre RS. Inflammation as a neurobiological substrate of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder: Evidence, pathophysiology and treatment implications. J Affect Disord 2015; 188:149-59. [PMID: 26363613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with cognitive impairment during depressed, manic and euthymic periods. Inflammation has been shown to be involved in the pathophysiology of BD and cognitive impairment. METHODS For this systematic review, the MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for relevant articles assessing the association between cognitive function and inflammatory markers in BD subjects. A discussion of potential mechanisms and therapeutic implications is also included to provide further context to the subject matter. RESULTS Eight studies, including a total of 555 BD subjects, assessing the association between cognitive function and inflammatory markers were identified. Cognitive dysfunction was associated with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory markers YKL40, IL-6, sCD40L, IL-1Ra, hsCRP and TNF-α. Mechanistically, elevation in inflammatory cytokines alters monoamine levels leading to cognitive and affective dysfunction. Neuro-inflammation, manifesting as microglial activation, leads to increased oxidative stress, pathologic synaptic pruning and impaired neuroplasticity in key brain regions sub-serving mood and cognition. Immune dysfunction also activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leading to hypercortisolemia and metabolic dysfunction, further promoting neuronal dysfunction. Anti-inflammatory agents are therefore currently being investigated in the treatment of BD and appear to exert an antidepressant effect; however, cognitive outcomes have yet to be reported. CONCLUSION Several studies suggest that immune dysfunction is associated with cognitive impairment in BD. Several neurobiological pathways have been identified whereby immune dysfunction may promote cognitive impairment in BD. Future investigations of anti-inflammatory agents targeting cognitive function as a treatment outcome are merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Rosenblat
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences (LINC), Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Program of Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in AT-Risk Mental States (PRISMA), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade FeInterdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences (LINC), Federal University of Sao Pauloderal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences (LINC), Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Program of Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in AT-Risk Mental States (PRISMA), Department of Psychiatry, Universidade FeInterdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences (LINC), Federal University of Sao Pauloderal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nadia A Maruschak
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yena Lee
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Evaluating the Association between Diabetes, Cognitive Decline and Dementia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:8281-94. [PMID: 26193295 PMCID: PMC4515722 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120708281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this article is to review the association between diabetes mellitus, cognitive decline and dementia, including the effects of cognitive decline and dementia on self management of diabetes. This is a literature review of primary research articles. A number of contemporary research articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected for this review paper. These articles were selected using a number of search strategies and electronic databases, such as EBSCOhost Research and SwetsWise databases. The duration of diabetes, glycated haemoglobin levels and glycaemic fluctuations were associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Similarly, hypoglycaemia was significantly related to increased risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia. Furthermore, cognitive decline and dementia were associated with poorer diabetes management. There is evidence of the association between diabetes, cognitive decline and dementia including the shared pathogenesis between diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, the self management of diabetes is affected by dementia and cognitive decline. It could be suggested that the association between diabetes and dementia is bidirectional with the potential to proceed to a vicious cycle. Further studies are needed in order to fully establish the relationship between diabetes, cognitive decline and dementia. Patients who have diabetes and dementia could benefit from structured education strategies, which should involve empowerment programmes and lifestyle changes. The detection of cognitive decline should highlight the need for education strategies.
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Serum Soluble Adhesion Molecules and Markers of Systemic Inflammation in Elderly Diabetic Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:826180. [PMID: 26167502 PMCID: PMC4488515 DOI: 10.1155/2015/826180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the serum levels of soluble adhesion molecules and hs-CRP in elderly diabetics with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) alone or with depressive symptoms. Methods. 219 diabetics elders were screened for psychiatric disorders and divided: group 1, MCI without depressive mood; group 2, MCI with depressive mood; group 3, controls. Data of biochemical parameters and biomarkers were collected. Results. In groups 1 and 2 levels of all biomarkers were significantly higher as compared to controls. The highest level of hs-CRP and sICAM-1 was detected in group 2. SVCAM-1 and sE-selectin levels were also the highest in group 2; however they did not significantly differ as compared to group 1. MoCA score was negatively correlated with all biomarkers in group 1. The logistic regression model showed that variables which increased the likelihood of having depressive syndrome in MCI patients were older age, stroke, neuropathy, increased number of comorbidities, and higher sICAM-1 level. Conclusions. We first demonstrated that elderly diabetic patients with MCI, particularly those with depressive mood have higher levels of soluble adhesion molecules and markers of low-grade systemic inflammation. Coexisting depressive syndrome in patients with MCI through common inflammatory pathways may result in augmentation of psychiatric disorders.
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Enomoto M, Yoshii H, Mita T, Sanke H, Yokota A, Yamashiro K, Inagaki N, Gosho M, Ohmura C, Kudo K, Watada H, Onuma T. Relationship between dietary pattern and cognitive function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Int Med Res 2015; 43:506-17. [PMID: 25998626 DOI: 10.1177/0300060515581672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the relationships between dietary patterns and cognitive function in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Patients with T2DM completed a 3-day dietary record and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis. RESULTS The study included 73 patients and identified five dietary patterns, one of which was characterized by high loading for vegetables and fish. A higher consumption of vegetables and fish was significantly associated with improved MMSE score (unadjusted model, model adjusted for age and sex, and model adjusted for age, sex, education, diabetic nephropathy and alcohol consumption), and decreased prevalence of suspected mild dementia (unadjusted model, model adjusted for age and sex). CONCLUSIONS A high score in the vegetables and fish dietary pattern was associated with high MMSE score and low prevalence of suspected mild dementia in elderly patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Enomoto
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Yoshii
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Mita
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Centre for Molecular Diabetology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruna Sanke
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Yokota
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamashiro
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Inagaki
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Gosho
- Department of Clinical Trials and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Chie Ohmura
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayo Kudo
- Department of Medicine, Nutritional Management Section, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Department of Clinical Trials and Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan Centre for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, Tokyo, Japan Sportology Centre, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomio Onuma
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology and Endocrinology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
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Simeon V, Chiodini P, Mattiello A, Sieri S, Panico C, Brighenti F, Krogh V, Panico S. Dietary glycemic load and risk of cognitive impairment in women: findings from the EPIC-Naples cohort. Eur J Epidemiol 2015; 30:425-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-015-0009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zhao Y, Yan Y, Zhao Z, Li S, Yin J. The dynamic changes of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway markers GRP78 and CHOP in the hippocampus of diabetic mice. Brain Res Bull 2014; 111:27-35. [PMID: 25529350 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy has recently been recognized late complication of diabetes resulting in progressive cognitive deficits. Emerging evidence has indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic eye and kidney as well as non-diabetic neurodegeneration. However, there was little direct evidence for the involvement of ER stress in diabetic encephalopathy up to now. In the present work, we investigated the role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic encephalopathy. Our results have demonstrated the existence of ER stress in the hippocampus of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. STZ injection i.p. rapidly induced up-regulation of the ER stress marker, the prosurvival chaperone glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), as early as 6-24h and persisted at least for up to 72h in the hippocampus of mice, indicating the UPR activation soon after STZ administration. The increased expression of GRP78 in hippocampal cells is to relieve the ER stress. With the development of diabetes, the expression of GRP78 decreases while the expression of UPR-associated proapoptotic transcriptional regulator C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) increases significantly in the hippocampal neurons of diabetic mice from 1 week after STZ administration to 12 weeks/the end of the study. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells in the hippocampus of diabetic mice were largely colocalized with NeuN- and CHOP-positive cells, indicating that the up-regulation of CHOP in hippocampal neurons of diabetic mice may promote neuronal apoptosis and account for the damaged learning and memory ability of diabetic mice. Therefore, our study provides evidence that ER stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuronal degeneration and may contribute to cognitive dysfunction of diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, PR China; Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, PR China.
| | - Ying Yan
- Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, PR China; Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Sen Li
- Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Beijing Geriatric Medical Research Center, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Jie Yin
- Central Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, PR China; Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, PR China
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Sanke H, Mita T, Yoshii H, Yokota A, Yamashiro K, Ingaki N, Onuma T, Someya Y, Komiya K, Tamura Y, Shimizu T, Ohmura C, Kanazawa A, Fujitani Y, Watada H. Relationship between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 106:465-73. [PMID: 25451914 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Recent clinical studies identified the relation between olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment in the elderly without type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to define the relation between olfactory function and cognition in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS The study participants comprised 250 elderly (age, 68-77, median 72) Japanese outpatient with type 2 diabetes mellitus free of clinically-evident cognitive impairment. Olfactory and cognitive functions were evaluated by the Open Essence (OE) test and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), respectively. RESULTS Based on the MMSE score, 62.0%, 24.4%, and 13.6% of the participants were considered to have no impairment, possible cognitive impairment and probable dementia, respectively. The OE test score of the probable dementia group was significantly lower than other groups. Furthermore, age and serum uric acid were significantly higher in the probable dementia group than other groups. Simple correlation analysis showed positive correlation between the MMSE score and diastolic blood pressure, education, OE test score, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, folic acid, and negative correlation with age, HbA1c, aspartate aminotransferase, serum adiponectin and urinary albumin excretion. Multivariate regression analysis showed that OE test score correlated significantly and independently with MMSE score (standardized coefficients β=0.542, R(2)=0.478, P<0.01), in addition to education level, HbA1c and serum adiponectin. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested the association of olfactory dysfunction with cognitive impairment in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Sanke
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoya Mita
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Molecular Diabetology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Yoshii
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology & Endocrinology Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Ayako Yokota
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology & Endocrinology Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamashiro
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology & Endocrinology Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Noriko Ingaki
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology & Endocrinology Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Tomio Onuma
- Department of Medicine, Diabetology & Endocrinology Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Shinsuna 3-3-20, Koto-ku, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan
| | - Yuki Someya
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Koji Komiya
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Tamura
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shimizu
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Chie Ohmura
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Akio Kanazawa
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoshio Fujitani
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Watada
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Therapeutic Innovations in Diabetes, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Molecular Diabetology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Sportology Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyoku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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Onoda T, Ishikawa C, Fukazawa T, Li W, Obayashi M, Koike K. Inhibitory activities of selected Kampo formulations on human aldose reductase. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:435. [PMID: 25374323 PMCID: PMC4228067 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes complications include various symptoms such as diabetic neuropathy and cognitive disorders. Aldose reductase (AR) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway and is one of the causal factors of diabetes complications. In this study, the bioactivities of eight selected Kampo formulations that are currently in clinical use for diabetes complications were assessed using human AR (hAR) inhibitory activity as the primary parameter to explore the possibilities of novel clinical applications of these formulations in the treatment of diabetes complications. METHODS The hAR inhibitory activities of four Kampo formulations that are clinically used for diabetic neuropathy, four Kampo formulations that are used for cognitive disorders, and a total of 21 component crude drugs were measured. Furthermore, the hAR inhibitory activity of Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata was measured to determine the effect of frying, which is one of the specific processing of Glycyrrhizae Radix. hAR inhibitory activity was determined by measuring the rate of decline in the absorbance of NAPH at 340 nm using 0.5 mM NADPH, 10 mM D,L-glyceraldehyde, and 3.6 mU/mL hAR in phosphate buffer solution (0.2 M, pH 6.2). RESULTS All of the Kampo formulations exhibited significant hAR inhibitory activity; Chotosan exhibited particularly strong activity. Among the 21 crude drugs tested, adequate inhibitory activities were found for the following, in descending order of activity: Glycyrrhizae Radix > Paeoniae Radix > Chrysanthemi Flos > Cinnamomi Cortex > Phellodendri Cortex > Uncariae Uncis cum Ramulus > Bupleuri Radix. Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata exhibited an inhibitory activity that was nearly identical to that of Glycyrrhizae Radix. CONCLUSIONS Despite their seemingly different treatment objectives, all of the Kampo formulations that are clinically used for diabetes complications demonstrated significant hAR inhibitory activity. This activity might underlie the characteristic multi-target effects of Kampo formulations. Although the overall effect of a Kampo formulation is certainly difficult to evaluate based on specific herbal medications or components, the approach as taken in this study might nonetheless contribute to further advancement in the development of new drugs via the review of proper usage and re-examination of the chemical compounds from a new perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihisa Onoda
- />Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510 Japan
- />Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Shimoshidu 564-1, Sakura, Chiba, 285-8741 Japan
| | - Chikako Ishikawa
- />Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510 Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukazawa
- />Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510 Japan
| | - Wei Li
- />Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510 Japan
| | - Masahiko Obayashi
- />Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510 Japan
| | - Kazuo Koike
- />Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba, 274-8510 Japan
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Vance DE, Fazeli PL, Dodson JE, Ackerman M, Talley M, Appel SJ. The synergistic effects of HIV, diabetes, and aging on cognition: implications for practice and research. J Neurosci Nurs 2014; 46:292-305. [PMID: 25099061 PMCID: PMC4156544 DOI: 10.1097/jnn.0000000000000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to highly active antiretroviral therapy, many people infected with HIV will likely live into old age. Although this is a welcome prognosis, new issues are emerging that may complicate the ability to successfully age in this clinical population. HIV and aging independently are related to cognitive impairments, so there are concerns that those aging with HIV may be more at risk of such cognitive impairments. Moreover, highly active antiretroviral therapy itself can create metabolic disorders, such as prediabetes and/or frank type 2 diabetes, which have also been linked to poorer cognitive functioning. Thus, concerns increase that, as people age with HIV and develop comorbid metabolic disorders that may lead to type 2 diabetes, they will be at triple risk of developing cognitive impairments that can impair everyday functioning and reduce quality of life. This article explores these issues and provides implications for practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E. Vance
- School of Nursing, NB 456, 1701 University Boulevard, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294-1210, Office: 205-934-7589, Fax: 205-996-7183
| | - Pariya L. Fazeli
- HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program 220 Dickinson Street, Suite B (8231), University of California, San Diego, CA 92103, Office: 619-543-6584
| | - Joan E. Dodson
- Department of Psychology & Center for Translational Research in Aging and Mobility, Holly Mears Building, Room 130, 924 19th Street South, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, Office: 205-934-2551
| | - Michelle Ackerman
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham AL 35294, Office: 334-467-8864
| | - Michele Talley
- School of Nursing, NB 543, 1701 University Boulevard, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, Office: 205-934-6647
| | - Susan J. Appel
- Capstone College of Nursing, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL PO Box 870358, Tuscaloosa, AL 3578-0358, Office: 205-348-1026
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Brooke J, Ojo O. Cognitive screening in patients with diabetes in primary care. Br J Community Nurs 2014; 19:401-406. [PMID: 25089753 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2014.19.8.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing; therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of mild cognitive impairment within this population is important as it may improve these patients' diabetes self-care. Diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment commences with cognitive screening in the primary care setting. Although there is robust evidence of the link between diabetes and dementia, cognitive screening within this population is not routinely completed. This article reviews the most commonly used cognitive screening tools and evaluates the applicability of these within the primary care setting for patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Brooke
- Senior Lecturer in Stroke and Dementia, Department of Adult Nursing and Paramedic Science, Faculty of Education and Health, University of Greenwich, London, Nurse Consultant: Dementia, Kent Community Health NHS Trust
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Masser DR, Bixler GV, Brucklacher RM, Yan H, Giles CB, Wren JD, Sonntag WE, Freeman WM. Hippocampal subregions exhibit both distinct and shared transcriptomic responses to aging and nonneurodegenerative cognitive decline. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014; 69:1311-24. [PMID: 24994846 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment of hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory with aging affects a large segment of the aged population. Hippocampal subregions (CA1, CA3, and DG) have been previously reported to express both common and specific morphological, functional, and gene/protein alterations with aging and cognitive decline. To comprehensively assess gene expression with aging and cognitive decline, transcriptomic analysis of CA1, CA3, and DG was conducted using Adult (12M) and Aged (26M) F344xBN rats behaviorally characterized by Morris water maze performance. Each subregion demonstrated a specific pattern of responses with aging and with cognitive performance. The CA1 and CA3 demonstrating the greatest degree of shared gene expression changes. Analysis of the pathways, processes, and regulators of these transcriptomic changes also exhibit a similar pattern of commonalities and differences across subregions. Gene expression changes between Aged cognitively Intact and Aged cognitively Impaired rats often showed an inversion of the changes between Adult and Aged rats. This failure to adapt rather than an exacerbation of the aging phenotype questions a conventional view that cognitive decline is exaggerated aging. These results are a resource for investigators studying cognitive decline and also demonstrate the need to individually examine hippocampal subregions in molecular analyses of aging and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin R Masser
- Department of Physiology and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - Georgina V Bixler
- Genome Sciences Facility, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Han Yan
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - Cory B Giles
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medicine Research Foundation
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medicine Research Foundation
| | - William E Sonntag
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - Willard M Freeman
- Department of Physiology and Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Donald W. Reynolds Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.
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Ménard C, Quirion R, Bouchard S, Ferland G, Gaudreau P. Glutamatergic signaling and low prodynorphin expression are associated with intact memory and reduced anxiety in rat models of healthy aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:81. [PMID: 24847259 PMCID: PMC4019859 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The LOU/C/Jall (LOU) rat strain is considered a model of healthy aging due to its increased longevity, maintenance of stable body weight (BW) throughout life and low incidence of age-related diseases. However, aging LOU rat cognitive and anxiety status has yet to be investigated. In the present study, male and female LOU rat cognitive performances (6-42 months) were assessed using novel object recognition and Morris Water Maze tasks. Recognition memory remained intact in all LOU rats up to 42 months of age. As for spatial memory, old LOU rat performed similarly as young animals for learning acquisition, reversal learning, and retention. While LOU rat BW remained stable despite aging, 20-month-old ad-libitum-fed (OAL) male Sprague Dawley rats become obese. We determined if long-term caloric restriction (LTCR) prevents age-related BW increase and cognitive deficits in this rat strain, as observed in the obesity-resistant LOU rats. Compared to young animals, recognition memory was impaired in OAL but intact in 20-month-old calorie-restricted (OCR) rats. Similarly, OAL spatial learning acquisition was impaired but LTCR prevented the deficits. Exacerbated stress responses may favor age-related cognitive decline. In the elevated plus maze and open field tasks, LOU and OCR rats exhibited high levels of exploratory activity whereas OAL rats displayed anxious behaviors. Expression of prodynorphin (Pdyn), an endogenous peptide involved in stress-related memory impairments, was increased in the hippocampus of OAL rats. Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 and immediate early genes Homer 1a and Arc expression, both associated with successful cognitive aging, were unaltered in aging LOU rats but lower in OAL than OCR rats. Altogether, our results, supported by principal component analysis and correlation matrix, suggest that intact memory and low anxiety are associated with glutamatergic signaling and low Pdyn expression in the hippocampus of non-obese aging rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ménard
- Neuroscience Division, Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Center Montreal, QC, Canada ; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada ; Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology of Aging, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center Montreal, QC, Canada ; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rémi Quirion
- Neuroscience Division, Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Center Montreal, QC, Canada ; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvain Bouchard
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal Research Center Montreal, QC, Canada ; Department of Nutrition, University of Montreal Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology of Aging, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center Montreal, QC, Canada ; Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Montreal, QC, Canada
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Umegaki H, Kawamura T, Umemura T, Kawano N. Factors associated with cognitive decline in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus during a 6-year observation. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 15:302-10. [PMID: 24597930 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk for cognitive decline in older adults. The current study was carried out to determine the factors associated with cognitive decline. METHODS The older T2DM patients (aged ≥65 years, mean age 79.2 ± 5.1 years) were observed for 6 years, and the mean values in clinical indicators of participants with and without cognitive decline over a 6-year period were compared. Then, multiple logistic analysis was carried out to determine the factors associated with cognitive decline. Separate analyses were also carried out for each of five cognitive assessments (Mini-Mental State Examination, word immediate and delayed recall, Stroop test, digit symbol substitution). RESULTS In the composite of several cognitive assessments, higher age and a lower level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were associated with cognitive decline in older T2DM patients. Lower systolic blood pressure was associated with a decline in delayed word list recall. Higher plasma insulin level was associated with a decline in the Stroop test performance. CONCLUSION Lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly associated with general cognitive decline in older T2DM patients during our 6-year observation. Several other factors were also associated with cognitive assessments of various cognitive domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Umegaki
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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48
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Meng X, Wang X, Tian X, Yang Z, Li M, Zhang C. Protection of neurons from high glucose-induced injury by deletion of MAD2B. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:844-51. [PMID: 24444371 PMCID: PMC4119390 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy may lead to cognitive deficits in diabetic patients and diminish quality of life. It has been shown that protracted hyperglycaemia is directly associated with neuronal apoptosis, which is involved in diabetic encephalopathy. The anaphase-promoting complex (APC) is essential for the survival of post-mitotic neurons. In our previous study, we found that the mitotic arrest deficient protein MAD2B, one of APC inhibitors, was expressed in neurons in central nervous system. However, whether MAD2B is involved in hyperglycaemia-induced apoptosis and thus takes part in diabetic encephalopathy is still unknown. To address this issue, we first explored the expression of MAD2B and cyclin B1 detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot. It was found that hyperglycaemia remarkably increased the expression of MAD2B and accumulation of cyclin B1 in cortices of diabetes mellitus rat model and in cultured primary neurons. To further explore the role of MAD2B in hyperglycaemia-induced neuronal injury, we depleted MAD2B expression by a specifically targeted shRNA against MAD2B. We observed that MAD2B deficiency alleviated cyclin B1 expression and apoptotic neuronal death. These results demonstrate that MAD2B expression is the main culprit for accumulation of cyclin B1 and apoptosis in neurons under high glucose. Moreover, inhibition of the expression of MAD2B prevented neurons from entering an aberrant S phase that led differentiated neurons into apoptotic cell death. These results suggest that hyperglycaemia induced neuronal apoptosis through inducing expression of MAD2B, which represents a novel mechanism of diabetic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfang Meng
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Imtiaz B, Tolppanen AM, Kivipelto M, Soininen H. Future directions in Alzheimer's disease from risk factors to prevention. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 88:661-70. [PMID: 24418410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The increase in life expectancy has resulted in a high occurrence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research on AD has undergone a paradigm shift from viewing it as a disease of old age to taking a life course perspective. Several vascular, lifestyle, psychological and genetic risk factors influencing this latent period have been recognized and they may act both independently and by potentiating each other. These risk factors have consequently been used to derive risk scores for predicting the likelihood of dementia. Despite population differences, age, low education and vascular risk factors were identified as key factors in all scoring systems. Risk scores can help to identify high-risk individuals who might benefit from different interventions. The European Dementia Prevention Initiative (EDPI), an international collaboration, encourages data sharing between different randomized controlled trials. At the moment, it includes three large ongoing European trials: Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER), Prevention of Dementia by Intensive Vascular Care (preDIVA), and Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention study (MAPT). Recently EDPI has developed a "Healthy Aging through Internet Counseling in Elderly" (HATICE) program, which intends to manage modifiable risk factors in an aged population through an easily accessible Internet platform. Thus, the focus of dementia research has shifted from identification of potential risk factors to using this information for developing interventions to prevent or delay the onset of dementia as well as identifying special high-risk populations who could be targeted in intervention trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Imtiaz
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna-Maija Tolppanen
- Research Center for Comparative Effectiveness and Patient Safety (RECEPS) and School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Aging Research Center (ARC), Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Neurocenter Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
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The functional state of hormone-sensitive adenylyl cyclase signaling system in diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION 2013; 2013:594213. [PMID: 24191197 PMCID: PMC3804439 DOI: 10.1155/2013/594213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) induces a large number of diseases of the nervous, cardiovascular, and some other systems of the organism. One of the main causes of the diseases is the changes in the functional activity of hormonal signaling systems which lead to the alterations and abnormalities of the cellular processes and contribute to triggering and developing many DM complications. The key role in the control of physiological and biochemical processes belongs to the adenylyl cyclase (AC) signaling system, sensitive to biogenic amines and polypeptide hormones. The review is devoted to the changes in the GPCR-G protein-AC system in the brain, heart, skeletal muscles, liver, and the adipose tissue in experimental and human DM of the types 1 and 2 and also to the role of the changes in AC signaling in the pathogenesis and etiology of DM and its complications. It is shown that the changes of the functional state of hormone-sensitive AC system are dependent to a large extent on the type and duration of DM and in experimental DM on the model of the disease. The degree of alterations and abnormalities of AC signaling pathways correlates very well with the severity of DM and its complications.
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