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Yang Y, Chen Q, Fan S, Lu Y, Huang Q, Liu X, Peng X. Glutamine sustains energy metabolism and alleviates liver injury in burn sepsis by promoting the assembly of mitochondrial HSP60-HSP10 complex via SIRT4 dependent protein deacetylation. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2312320. [PMID: 38329114 PMCID: PMC10854458 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2024.2312320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Burns and burn sepsis, characterized by persistent and profound hypercatabolism, cause energy metabolism dysfunction that worsens organ injury and systemic disorders. Glutamine (Gln) is a key nutrient that remarkably replenishes energy metabolism in burn and sepsis patients, but its exact roles beyond substrate supply is unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that Gln alleviated liver injury by sustaining energy supply and restoring redox balance. Meanwhile, Gln also rescued the dysfunctional mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes, improved ATP production, reduced oxidative stress, and protected hepatocytes from burn sepsis injury. Mechanistically, we revealed that Gln could activate SIRT4 by upregulating its protein synthesis and increasing the level of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a co-enzyme that sustains the activity of SIRT4. This, in turn, reduced the acetylation of shock protein (HSP) 60 to facilitate the assembly of the HSP60-HSP10 complex, which maintains the activity of ETC complex II and III and thus sustain ATP generation and reduce reactive oxygen species release. Overall, our study uncovers a previously unknown pharmacological mechanism involving the regulation of HSP60-HSP10 assembly by which Gln recovers mitochondrial complex activity, sustains cellular energy metabolism and exerts a hepato-protective role in burn sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shijun Fan
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongling Lu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyin Huang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Peng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), ChongqingPeople’s Republic of China
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Madkour MI, Hassan RE, Sherif NM, Awadallah S, Farahat NM, Abdelrahim DN, AlHasan FA, Taneera J, Faris ME. Changes in haptoglobin genotype-based gene expressions upon the observance of dawn-to-dusk intermittent fasting: a prospective cohort study on overweight and obese individuals. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1409344. [PMID: 39410930 PMCID: PMC11475474 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1409344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Intermittent fasting (IF) has been reported to be involved in ameliorating oxidative stress and lessening the systemic-low grade inflammation that predisposes to chronic diseases. Gene polymorphism is currently a main determining factor for the metabolic responses to different dietary and lifestyle modifications. Methods The current study was designed to explore the effect of observing four-week, dawn to dusk IF by participants with obesity on gene expression of the anti-inflammatory CD163, oxidative stress, and bioenergetics enzymes (SOD2, Nrf2, and TFAM), as well as metabolic and cellular regulatory genes (SIRT1 and SIRT3). Further, the study aimed to find out how haptoglobin (Hp) polymorphism modulates gene expression of the aforementioned genes and to determine changes in relative gene expressions of the aforementioned six genes based on Hp polymorphism in response to IF. Haptoglobin genotype was determined for the study subjects, and gene expressions were determined using qPCR. Gene expressions were assessed before and at the end of four consecutive weeks, dawn to sunset IF. Results The expressions of CD163, SOD, NfF2, and TFAM genes have significantly increased at the end of IF. At the same time, SIRT3 significantly decreased, implying that observing four consecutive weeks of dawn-to-dusk IF may enhance antioxidative stress response and reduce systemic inflammation. Conclusion Participants with genotypes Hp2-1 and Hp2-2 revealed upregulation of the antioxidant genes in response to the metabolic stress induced by IF compared with Hp1-1, implying that Hp polymorphism plays a key role in shaping the body's response to dietary modifications such as fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I. Madkour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), Center of Excellence for Public Health, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rasha E. Hassan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M. Sherif
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Nada M. Farahat
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), Center of Excellence for Public Health, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana N. Abdelrahim
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), Center of Excellence for Public Health, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima A. AlHasan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Medicine, King Fahd Hospital, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalal Taneera
- College of Medicine, Center of Excellence for Precision Medicine, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - MoezAlIslam E. Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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Xu G, Quan S, Schell J, Gao Y, Varmazyad M, Sreenivas P, Cruz D, Jiang H, Pan M, Han X, Palavicini JP, Zhao P, Sun X, Marchant ED, Rasmussen BB, Li G, Katsumura S, Morita M, Munkácsy E, Horikoshi N, Chocron ES, Gius D. Mitochondrial ACSS1-K635 acetylation knock-in mice exhibit altered metabolism, cell senescence, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj5942. [PMID: 38758779 PMCID: PMC11100568 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj5942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 1 (ACSS1) uses acetate to generate mitochondrial acetyl-CoA and is regulated by deacetylation by sirtuin 3. We generated an ACSS1-acetylation (Ac) mimic mouse, where lysine-635 was mutated to glutamine (K635Q). Male Acss1K635Q/K635Q mice were smaller with higher metabolic rate and blood acetate and decreased liver/serum ATP and lactate levels. After a 48-hour fast, Acss1K635Q/K635Q mice presented hypothermia and liver aberrations, including enlargement, discoloration, lipid droplet accumulation, and microsteatosis, consistent with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RNA sequencing analysis suggested dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism, cellular senescence, and hepatic steatosis networks, consistent with NAFLD. Fasted Acss1K635Q/K635Q mouse livers showed increased fatty acid synthase (FASN) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), both associated with NAFLD, and increased carbohydrate response element-binding protein binding to Fasn and Scd1 enhancer regions. Last, liver lipidomics showed elevated ceramide, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and lysophosphatidylcholine, all associated with NAFLD. Thus, we propose that ACSS1-K635-Ac dysregulation leads to aberrant lipid metabolism, cellular senescence, and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogang Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Songhua Quan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Schell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yucheng Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mahboubeh Varmazyad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Prethish Sreenivas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Diego Cruz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Haiyan Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Meixia Pan
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Palavicini
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Division of Diabetes, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Mays Cancer Center, Transplant Center, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Erik D. Marchant
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Blake B. Rasmussen
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Guannan Li
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sakie Katsumura
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Masahiro Morita
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Premium Research Institute for Human Metaverse Medicine (WPI-PRIMe), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Erin Munkácsy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nobuo Horikoshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - E. Sandra Chocron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - David Gius
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Aleshina YA, Aleshin VA. Evolutionary Changes in Primate Glutamate Dehydrogenases 1 and 2 Influence the Protein Regulation by Ligands, Targeting and Posttranslational Modifications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4341. [PMID: 38673928 PMCID: PMC11050691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There are two paralogs of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in humans encoded by the GLUD1 and GLUD2 genes as a result of a recent retroposition during the evolution of primates. The two human GDHs possess significantly different regulation by allosteric ligands, which is not fully characterized at the structural level. Recent advances in identification of the GDH ligand binding sites provide a deeper perspective on the significance of the accumulated substitutions within the two GDH paralogs. In this review, we describe the evolution of GLUD1 and GLUD2 after the duplication event in primates using the accumulated sequencing and structural data. A new gibbon GLUD2 sequence questions the indispensability of ancestral R496S and G509A mutations for GLUD2 irresponsiveness to GTP, providing an alternative with potentially similar regulatory features. The data of both GLUD1 and GLUD2 evolution not only confirm substitutions enhancing GLUD2 mitochondrial targeting, but also reveal a conserved mutation in ape GLUD1 mitochondrial targeting sequence that likely reduces its transport to mitochondria. Moreover, the information of GDH interactors, posttranslational modification and subcellular localization are provided for better understanding of the GDH mutations. Medically significant point mutations causing deregulation of GDH are considered from the structural and regulatory point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia A. Aleshina
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily A. Aleshin
- Belozersky Institute of Physicochemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119048 Moscow, Russia
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5
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He H, Wang Y, Tang B, Dong Q, Wu C, Sun W, Wang J. Aging-induced MCPH1 translocation activates necroptosis and impairs hematopoietic stem cell function. NATURE AGING 2024; 4:510-526. [PMID: 38632351 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
DNA damage contributes to the aging of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we identified a heterogeneous functional role of microcephalin (MCPH1) in the nucleus and cytoplasm of mouse HSCs. In the nucleus, MCPH1 maintains genomic stability, whereas in the cytoplasm, it prevents necroptosis by binding with p-RIPK3. Aging triggers MCPH1 translocation from cytosol to nucleus, reducing its cytoplasmic retention and leading to the activation of necroptosis and deterioration of HSC function. Mechanistically, we found that KAT7-mediated lysine acetylation within the NLS motif of MCPH1 in response to DNA damage facilitates its nuclear translocation. Targeted mutation of these lysines inhibits MCPH1 translocation and, consequently, compromises necroptosis. The dysfunction of necroptosis signaling, in turn, improves the function of aged HSCs. In summary, our findings demonstrate that DNA damage-induced redistribution of MCPH1 promotes HSC aging and could have broader implications for aging and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing He
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Baixue Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiongye Dong
- Institute of Precision of Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chou Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanling Sun
- Department of Hematology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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6
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Shastry A, Dunham-Snary K. Metabolomics and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiometabolic disease. Life Sci 2023; 333:122137. [PMID: 37788764 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Circulating metabolites are indicators of systemic metabolic dysfunction and can be detected through contemporary techniques in metabolomics. These metabolites are involved in numerous mitochondrial metabolic processes including glycolysis, fatty acid β-oxidation, and amino acid catabolism, and changes in the abundance of these metabolites is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs). Epigenetic regulation and direct metabolite-protein interactions modulate metabolism, both within cells and in the circulation. Dysfunction of multiple mitochondrial components stemming from mitochondrial DNA mutations are implicated in disease pathogenesis. This review will summarize the current state of knowledge regarding: i) the interactions between metabolites found within the mitochondrial environment during CMDs, ii) various metabolites' effects on cellular and systemic function, iii) how harnessing the power of metabolomic analyses represents the next frontier of precision medicine, and iv) how these concepts integrate to expand the clinical potential for translational cardiometabolic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shastry
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Kimberly Dunham-Snary
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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7
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Taghizadeh N, Mohammadi S, yousefi Z, Golpour P, Taheri A, Maleki MH, Nourbakhsh M, Nourbakhsh M, Azar MR. Assessment of global histone acetylation in pediatric and adolescent obesity: Correlations with SIRT1 expression and metabolic-inflammatory profiles. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293217. [PMID: 37862340 PMCID: PMC10588878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications, particularly histone acetylation-deacetylation and its related enzymes, such as sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) deacetylase, may have substantial roles in the pathogenesis of obesity and its associated health issues. This study aimed to evaluate global histone acetylation status and SIRT1 gene expression in children and adolescents with obesity and their association with metabolic and anthropometric parameters. METHODS This study included 60 children and adolescents, 30 with obesity and 30 normal-weight. The evaluation consisted of the analysis of global histone acetylation levels and the expression of the SIRT1 gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, by specific antibody and real-time PCR, respectively. Additionally, insulin, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels were measured. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Metabolic syndrome was determined based on the diagnostic criteria established by IDF. RESULTS Individuals with obesity, particularly those with insulin resistance, had significantly higher histone acetylation levels compared to control group. Histone acetylation was positively correlated with obesity indices, TNF-α, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Additionally, a significant decrease in SIRT1 gene expression was found among obese individuals, which was negatively correlated with the histone acetylation level. Furthermore, SIRT1 expression levels showed a negative correlation with various anthropometric and metabolic parameters. CONCLUSION Histone acetylation was enhanced in children and adolescents with obesity, potentially resulting from down-regulation of SIRT1, and could play a role in the obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities and insulin resistance. Targeting global histone acetylation modulation might be considered as an epigenetic approach for early obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Taghizadeh
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soha Mohammadi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeynab yousefi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Golpour
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alemeh Taheri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Maleki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Nourbakhsh
- Hazrat Aliasghar Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Razzaghy Azar
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Hazrat Aliasghar Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Elmansi AM, Miller RA. Coordinated transcriptional upregulation of oxidative metabolism proteins in long-lived endocrine mutant mice. GeroScience 2023; 45:2967-2981. [PMID: 37273159 PMCID: PMC10643730 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR), which extends lifespan in rodents, leads to increased hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), with parallel changes in proteins and their mRNAs. Genetic mutants that extend lifespan, including growth hormone receptor knockout (GHRKO) and Snell dwarf (SD) mice, have lower respiratory quotient, suggesting increased reliance on fatty acid oxidation, but the molecular mechanism(s) of this metabolic shift have not yet been worked out. Here we show that both GHRKO and SD mice have significantly higher mRNA and protein levels of enzymes involved in mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation. In addition, multiple subunits of OXPHOS complexes I-IV are upregulated in GHRKO and SD livers, and Complex V subunit ATP5a is upregulated in liver of GHRKO mice. Expression of these genes is regulated by a group of nuclear receptors and transcription factors including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and estrogen-related receptors (ERRs). We found that levels of these nuclear receptors and their co-activator PGC-1α were unchanged or downregulated in liver of GHRKO and SD mice. In contrast, NCOR1, a co-repressor for the same receptors, was significantly downregulated in the two long-lived mouse models, suggesting a plausible mechanism for the changes in FAO and OXPHOS proteins. Hepatic levels of HDAC3, a co-factor for NCOR1 transcriptional repression, were also downregulated. The role of NCOR1 is well established in the contexts of cancer and metabolic disease, but may provide new mechanistic insights into metabolic control in long-lived mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elmansi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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9
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Capone F, Sotomayor-Flores C, Bode D, Wang R, Rodolico D, Strocchi S, Schiattarella GG. Cardiac metabolism in HFpEF: from fuel to signalling. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 118:3556-3575. [PMID: 36504368 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is marked by distinctive changes in myocardial uptake and utilization of energy substrates. Among the different types of HF, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a highly prevalent, complex, and heterogeneous condition for which metabolic derangements seem to dictate disease progression. Changes in intermediate metabolism in cardiometabolic HFpEF-among the most prevalent forms of HFpEF-have a large impact both on energy provision and on a number of signalling pathways in the heart. This dual, metabolic vs. signalling, role is played in particular by long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and short-chain carbon sources [namely, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and ketone bodies (KBs)]. LCFAs are key fuels for the heart, but their excess can be harmful, as in the case of toxic accumulation of lipid by-products (i.e. lipotoxicity). SCFAs and KBs have been proposed as a potential major, alternative source of energy in HFpEF. At the same time, both LCFAs and short-chain carbon sources are substrate for protein post-translational modifications and other forms of direct and indirect signalling of pivotal importance in HFpEF pathogenesis. An in-depth molecular understanding of the biological functions of energy substrates and their signalling role will be instrumental in the development of novel therapeutic approaches to HFpEF. Here, we summarize the current evidence on changes in energy metabolism in HFpEF, discuss the signalling role of intermediate metabolites through, at least in part, their fate as substrates for post-translational modifications, and highlight clinical and translational challenges around metabolic therapy in HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Capone
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristian Sotomayor-Flores
- Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research (MRC), Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Bode
- Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research (MRC), Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rongling Wang
- Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research (MRC), Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniele Rodolico
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Strocchi
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriele G Schiattarella
- Translational Approaches in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular Metabolic Renal Research (MRC), Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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10
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Shang S, Liu J, Hua F. Protein acylation: mechanisms, biological functions and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:396. [PMID: 36577755 PMCID: PMC9797573 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is involved in the pathogenesis of not only cancers but also neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and infectious diseases. With the progress of metabonomics and proteomics, metabolites have been found to affect protein acylations through providing acyl groups or changing the activities of acyltransferases or deacylases. Reciprocally, protein acylation is involved in key cellular processes relevant to physiology and diseases, such as protein stability, protein subcellular localization, enzyme activity, transcriptional activity, protein-protein interactions and protein-DNA interactions. Herein, we summarize the functional diversity and mechanisms of eight kinds of nonhistone protein acylations in the physiological processes and progression of several diseases. We also highlight the recent progress in the development of inhibitors for acyltransferase, deacylase, and acylation reader proteins for their potential applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Shang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Fang Hua
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, P.R. China
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11
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Dhillon RS, Qin Y(A, van Ginkel PR, Fu VX, Vann JM, Lawton AJ, Green CL, Manchado‐Gobatto FB, Gobatto CA, Lamming DW, Prolla TA, Denu JM. SIRT3 deficiency decreases oxidative metabolism capacity but increases lifespan in male mice under caloric restriction. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13721. [PMID: 36199173 PMCID: PMC9741511 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial NAD+ -dependent protein deacetylase Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) has been proposed to mediate calorie restriction (CR)-dependent metabolic regulation and lifespan extension. Here, we investigated the role of SIRT3 in CR-mediated longevity, mitochondrial function, and aerobic fitness. We report that SIRT3 is required for whole-body aerobic capacity but is dispensable for CR-dependent lifespan extension. Under CR, loss of SIRT3 (Sirt3-/- ) yielded a longer overall and maximum lifespan as compared to Sirt3+/+ mice. This unexpected lifespan extension was associated with altered mitochondrial protein acetylation in oxidative metabolic pathways, reduced mitochondrial respiration, and reduced aerobic exercise capacity. Also, Sirt3-/- CR mice exhibit lower spontaneous activity and a trend favoring fatty acid oxidation during the postprandial period. This study shows the uncoupling of lifespan and healthspan parameters (aerobic fitness and spontaneous activity) and provides new insights into SIRT3 function in CR adaptation, fuel utilization, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashpal S. Dhillon
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,Wisconsin Institute for DiscoveryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Yiming (Amy) Qin
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,Wisconsin Institute for DiscoveryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Paul R. van Ginkel
- Department of Genetics and Medical GeneticsUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Vivian X. Fu
- Department of Genetics and Medical GeneticsUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - James M. Vann
- Department of Genetics and Medical GeneticsUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Alexis J. Lawton
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,Wisconsin Institute for DiscoveryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Cara L. Green
- Department of Medicine, SMPHUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | | | - Claudio A. Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied SciencesUniversity of CampinasLimeiraBrazil
| | - Dudley W. Lamming
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,Department of Medicine, SMPHUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans HospitalMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Tomas A. Prolla
- Department of Genetics and Medical GeneticsUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - John M. Denu
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,Wisconsin Institute for DiscoveryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA,Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
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12
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Chojdak-Łukasiewicz J, Bizoń A, Waliszewska-Prosół M, Piwowar A, Budrewicz S, Pokryszko-Dragan A. Role of Sirtuins in Physiology and Diseases of the Central Nervous System. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2434. [PMID: 36289696 PMCID: PMC9598817 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Silent information regulators, sirtuins (SIRTs), are a family of enzymes which take part in major posttranslational modifications of proteins and contribute to multiple cellular processes, including metabolic and energetic transformations, as well as regulation of the cell cycle. Recently, SIRTs have gained increased attention as the object of research because of their multidirectional activity and possible role in the complex pathomechanisms underlying human diseases. The aim of this study was to review a current literature evidence of SIRTs' role in the physiology and pathology of the central nervous system (CNS). SIRTs have been demonstrated to be crucial players in the crosstalk between neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and metabolic alterations. The elucidation of SIRTs' role in the background of various CNS diseases offers a chance to define relevant markers of their progression and promising candidates for novel therapeutic targets. Possible diagnostic and therapeutic implications from SIRTs-related investigations are discussed, as well as their future directions and associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Bizoń
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Piwowar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Budrewicz
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Pokryszko-Dragan
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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13
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Buey RM, Fernández‐Justel D, Jiménez A, Revuelta JL. The gateway to guanine nucleotides: Allosteric regulation of IMP dehydrogenases. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4399. [PMID: 36040265 PMCID: PMC9375230 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is an evolutionarily conserved enzyme that mediates the first committed step in de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway. It is an essential enzyme in purine nucleotide biosynthesis that modulates the metabolic flux at the branch point between adenine and guanine nucleotides. IMPDH plays key roles in cell homeostasis, proliferation, and the immune response, and is the cellular target of several drugs that are widely used for antiviral and immunosuppressive chemotherapy. IMPDH enzyme is tightly regulated at multiple levels, from transcriptional control to allosteric modulation, enzyme filamentation, and posttranslational modifications. Herein, we review recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms of IMPDH regulation, including all layers of allosteric control that fine-tune the enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén M. Buey
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Microbiology and GeneticsUniversidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - David Fernández‐Justel
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Microbiology and GeneticsUniversidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Alberto Jiménez
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Microbiology and GeneticsUniversidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - José L. Revuelta
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Department of Microbiology and GeneticsUniversidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
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14
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Heras-Molina A, Núñez Y, Benítez R, Pesántez-Pacheco JL, García-Contreras C, Vázquez-Gómez M, Astiz S, Isabel B, González-Bulnes A, Óvilo C. Hypothalamic transcriptome analysis reveals male-specific differences in molecular pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation between Iberian pig genotypes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272775. [PMID: 35972914 PMCID: PMC9380940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus is implicated in controlling feeding and adiposity, besides many other physiological functions, and thus can be of great importance in explaining productive differences between lean and fatty pig breeds. The present study aimed to evaluate the hypothalamic transcriptome of pure Iberian (IBxIB) and Large White x Iberian crossbreds (IBxLW) at 60 days-old, produced in a single maternal environment. Results showed the implication of gender and genotype in the hypothalamic transcriptome, with 51 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between genotypes and 10 DEGs between genders. Fourteen genotype by sex interactions were found, due to a higher genotype effect on transcriptome found in males. In fact, just 31 DEGs were identified when using only females but 158 using only males. A higher expression of genes related to mitochondrial activity in IBxIB male animals (ND3, ND4, ND5, UQCRC2 and ATP6) was found, which was related to a higher oxidative phosphorylation and greater reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production. IBxLW male animals showed higher expression of SIRT3 regulator, also related to mitochondrial function. When females were analysed, such differences were not found, since only some differences in genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Thus, the results indicate a significant effect and interaction of the breed and the sex on the hypothalamic transcriptome at this early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Heras-Molina
- Department of Animal Breeding, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, UCM, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Yolanda Núñez
- Department of Animal Breeding, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rita Benítez
- Department of Animal Breeding, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Pesántez-Pacheco
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, UC, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | | | - Marta Vázquez-Gómez
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, UCM, Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches Research Unit (NutriOmics), INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Susana Astiz
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Isabel
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, UCM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Bulnes
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, UCH-CEU, Valencia, Spain
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15
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Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT) are unique posttranslational modification enzymes that utilize NAD + as co-substrate to remove acyl groups from lysine residues. SIRT act on variety of substrates and impact major metabolic process. All seven members of SIRT family are unique and targets wide range of cellular proteins in nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria for post-translational modification by acetylation (SIRT1, 2, 3, and 5) or ADP-ribosylation (SIRT4 and 6). Each member of SIRT family is distinct. SIRT2 was first to be discovered that incited research on mammalian SIRT. Enzymatic activities of SIRT 4 are yet to be elucidated while only SIRT7 is localized in nucleoli that govern the transcription of RNA polymerase I. SIRT 5 and 6 exhibit weakest deacetylase activity. Out of all SIRT analogs, SIRT1 is identified as nutrient sensor. Increased expression of only SIRT3 is linked with longevity in humans. Since SIRT is regulated by the bioenergetic state of the cell, nutrition impacts it but very few studies about diet-mediated effect on SIRT are reported. The present review elaborates distribution, specific biological role and prominent effect of all SIRT on vital human tissue along with highlighting need to trace molecular mechanisms and identifying foods that may augment it beneficially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Pande
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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16
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Ogle MM, Trevino R, Schell J, Varmazyad M, Horikoshi N, Gius D. Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Acetylation and Regulation of Protein Structure in Breast Cancer Biology and Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:635. [PMID: 35453320 PMCID: PMC9024550 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss and/or dysregulation of several cellular and mitochondrial antioxidants' expression or enzymatic activity, which leads to the aberrant physiological function of these proteins, has been shown to result in oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules. In this regard, it has been surmised that the disruption of mitochondrial networks responsible for maintaining normal metabolism is an established hallmark of cancer and a novel mechanism of therapy resistance. This altered metabolism leads to aberrant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which, under specific physiological conditions, leads to a potential tumor-permissive cellular environment. In this regard, it is becoming increasingly clear that the loss or disruption of mitochondrial oxidant scavenging enzymes may be, in specific tumors, either an early event in transformation or exhibit tumor-promoting properties. One example of such an antioxidant enzyme is manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, also referred to as SOD2), which detoxifies superoxide, a ROS that has been shown, when its normal physiological levels are disrupted, to lead to oncogenicity and therapy resistance. Here, we will also discuss how the acetylation of MnSOD leads to a change in detoxification function that leads to a cellular environment permissive for the development of lineage plasticity-like properties that may be one mechanism leading to tumorigenic and therapy-resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith M. Ogle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Rolando Trevino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Joseph Schell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mahboubeh Varmazyad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Nobuo Horikoshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - David Gius
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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17
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A “Weird” Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation as a Metabolic “Secret” of Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2339584. [PMID: 35178152 PMCID: PMC8847026 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2339584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cancer metabolism is an extensively studied field since the discovery of the Warburg effect about 100 years ago and continues to be increasingly intriguing and enigmatic so far. It has become clear that glycolysis is not the only abnormally activated metabolic pathway in the cancer cells, but the same is true for the fatty acid synthesis (FAS) and mevalonate pathway. In the last decade, a lot of data have been accumulated on the pronounced mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (mFAO) in many types of cancer cells. In this article, we discuss how mFAO can escape normal regulation under certain conditions and be overactivated. Such abnormal activation of mitochondrial β-oxidation can also be combined with mutations in certain enzymes of the Krebs cycle that are common in cancer. If overactivated β-oxidation is combined with other common cancer conditions, such as dysfunctions in the electron transport complexes, and/or hypoxia, this may alter the redox state of the mitochondrial matrix. We propose the idea that the altered mitochondrial redox state and/or inhibited Krebs cycle at certain segments may link mitochondrial β-oxidation to the citrate-malate shuttle instead to the Krebs cycle. We call this abnormal metabolic condition “β-oxidation shuttle”. It is unconventional mFAO, a separate metabolic pathway, unexplored so far as a source of energy, as well as a source of cataplerosis, leading to biomass accumulation, accelerated oxygen consumption, and ultimately a source of proliferation. It is inefficient as an energy source and must consume significantly more oxygen per mole of ATP produced when combined with acetyl-CoA consuming pathways, such as the FAS and mevalonate pathway.
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18
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Rojas-Morales P, León-Contreras JC, Sánchez-Tapia M, Silva-Palacios A, Cano-Martínez A, González-Reyes S, Jiménez-Osorio AS, Hernández-Pando R, Osorio-Alonso H, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Tovar AR, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Tapia E. A ketogenic diet attenuates acute and chronic ischemic kidney injury and reduces markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Life Sci 2022; 289:120227. [PMID: 34921866 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic kidney injury is a common clinical condition resulting from transient interruption of the kidney's normal blood flow, leading to oxidative stress, inflammation, and kidney dysfunction. The ketogenic diet (KD), a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet that stimulates endogenous ketone body production, has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in distinct tissues and might thus protect the kidney against ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. MAIN METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed a KD or a control diet (CD) for three days before analyzing metabolic parameters or testing nephroprotection. We used two different models of kidney IR injury and conducted biochemical, histological, and Western blot analyses at 24 h and two weeks after surgery. KEY FINDINGS Acute KD feeding caused protein acetylation, liver AMPK activation, and increased resistance to IR-induced kidney injury. At 24 h after IR, rats on KD presented reduced tubular damage and improved kidney functioning compared to rats fed with a CD. KD attenuated oxidative damage (protein nitration, 4-HNE adducts, and 8-OHdG), increased antioxidant defenses (GPx and SOD activity), and reduced inflammatory intermediates (IL6, TNFα, MCP1), p50 NF-κB expression, and cellular infiltration. Also, KD prevented interstitial fibrosis development at two weeks, up-regulation of HSP70, and chronic Klotho deficiency. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings demonstrate for the first time that short-term KD increases tolerance to experimental kidney ischemia, opening the opportunity for future therapeutic exploration of a dietary preconditioning strategy to convey kidney protection in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Rojas-Morales
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos León-Contreras
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Mónica Sánchez-Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Silva-Palacios
- Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Agustina Cano-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Susana González-Reyes
- Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
| | - Angélica Saraí Jiménez-Osorio
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda, La Concepción S/N, Carretera Pachuca Actopan, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42060, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Hernández-Pando
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Horacio Osorio-Alonso
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Armando R Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Edilia Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico.
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19
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Disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis coupled with mitotic arrest generates antineoplastic oxidative stress. Oncogene 2022; 41:427-443. [PMID: 34773075 PMCID: PMC8755538 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as critical signals in various cellular processes. Excessive ROS cause cell death or senescence and mediates the therapeutic effect of many cancer drugs. Recent studies showed that ROS increasingly accumulate during G2/M arrest, the underlying mechanism, however, has not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that in cancer cells treated with anticancer agent TH287 or paclitaxel that causes M arrest, mitochondria accumulate robustly and produce excessive mitochondrial superoxide, which causes oxidative DNA damage and undermines cell survival and proliferation. While mitochondrial mass is greatly increased in cells arrested at M phase, the mitochondrial function is compromised, as reflected by reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased SUMOylation and acetylation of mitochondrial proteins, as well as an increased metabolic reliance on glycolysis. CHK1 functional disruption decelerates cell cycle, spares the M arrest and attenuates mitochondrial oxidative stress. Induction of mitophagy and blockade of mitochondrial biogenesis, measures that reduce mitochondrial accumulation, also decelerate cell cycle and abrogate M arrest-coupled mitochondrial oxidative stress. These results suggest that cell cycle progression and mitochondrial homeostasis are interdependent and coordinated, and that impairment of mitochondrial homeostasis and the associated redox signaling may mediate the antineoplastic effect of the M arrest-inducing chemotherapeutics. Our findings provide insights into the fate of cells arrested at M phase and have implications in cancer therapy.
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20
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Comprehensive analysis of protein acetylation and glucose metabolism inmouse brains infected with rabies virus. J Virol 2021; 96:e0194221. [PMID: 34878915 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01942-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies, caused by rabies virus (RABV), is a widespread zoonosis that is nearly 100% fatal. Alteration of the metabolic environment affects viral replication and the immune response during viral infection. In this study, glucose uptake was increased in mouse brains at the late stage of infection with different RABV strains (lab-attenuated CVS strain and wild-type DRV strain). To illustrate the mechanism underlying glucose metabolism alteration, comprehensive analysis of lysine acetylation and target analysis of energy metabolites in mouse brains infected with CVS and DRV strains were performed. A total of 156 acetylated sites and 115 acetylated proteins were identified as significantly different during RABV infection. Compared to CVS- and mock-infected mice, the lysine acetylation levels of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzymes were decreased, and enzyme activity was upregulated in DRV-infected mouse brains. Metabolomic analysis revealed that high levels of oxaloacetate (OAA) in RABV-infected mouse brains. Specifically, the OAA level in CVS-infected mouse brains was higher than that in DRV-infected mouse brains, which contributed to the enhancement of the metabolic rate at the substrate level. Finally, we confirmed that OAA could reduce excessive neuroinflammation in CVS-infected mouse brains by inhibiting JNK and P38 phosphorylation. Taken together, this study provides fresh insight into the different strategies the host adapts to regulate glucose metabolism for energy requirements after different RABV strain infection and suggest that OAA treatment could be a potential strategy to prevent neural damage during RABV infection. IMPORTANCE Both viral replication and the host immune response are highly energy-dependent. It is important to understand how the rabies virus affects energy metabolism in the brain. Glucose is the direct energy source for cell metabolism. Previous studies have revealed that there is some association between acetylation and metabolic processes. In this study, comprehensive protein acetylation and glucose metabolism analysis were conducted to compare glucose metabolism in mouse brains infected with different RABV strains. Our study demonstrates that the regulation of enzyme activity by acetylation and OAA accumulation at the substrate level are two strategies for the host to respond to the energy requirements after RABV infection. Our study also indicates the potential role OAA could play in neuronal protection by suppressing excessive neuroinflammation.
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VDACs Post-Translational Modifications Discovery by Mass Spectrometry: Impact on Their Hub Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312833. [PMID: 34884639 PMCID: PMC8657666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
VDAC (voltage-dependent anion selective channel) proteins, also known as mitochondrial porins, are the most abundant proteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), where they play a vital role in various cellular processes, in the regulation of metabolism, and in survival pathways. There is increasing consensus about their function as a cellular hub, connecting bioenergetics functions to the rest of the cell. The structural characterization of VDACs presents challenging issues due to their very high hydrophobicity, low solubility, the difficulty to separate them from other mitochondrial proteins of similar hydrophobicity and the practical impossibility to isolate each single isoform. Consequently, it is necessary to analyze them as components of a relatively complex mixture. Due to the experimental difficulties in their structural characterization, post-translational modifications (PTMs) of VDAC proteins represent a little explored field. Only in recent years, the increasing number of tools aimed at identifying and quantifying PTMs has allowed to increase our knowledge in this field and in the mechanisms that regulate functions and interactions of mitochondrial porins. In particular, the development of nano-reversed phase ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (nanoRP-UHPLC) and ultra-sensitive high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) methods has played a key role in this field. The findings obtained on VDAC PTMs using such methodologies, which permitted an in-depth characterization of these very hydrophobic trans-membrane pore proteins, are summarized in this review.
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Zhang L, Liu T, Hu C, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Shi K. Proteome analysis identified proteins associated with mitochondrial function and inflammation activation crucially regulating the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:640. [PMID: 34481473 PMCID: PMC8418032 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07950-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fatty liver disease prevalently occurs in commercial postpartum dairies, resulting in a worldwide high culling rate because of their subsequent limitations of production and reproduction performance. Results Fatty liver-specific proteome and acetylome analysis revealed that energy metabolism suppression closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation activation were shown to be remarkable biological processes underlying the development of fatty liver disease, furthermore, acetylation modification of proteins could be one of the main means to modulate these processes. Twenty pivotal genetic factors/genes that differentially expressing and being acetylation modified in liver were identified and proposed to regulate the pathogenesis of fatty liver dairies. These proteins were confirmed to be differentially expressing in individual liver tissue, eight of which being validated via immunohistochemistry assay. Conclusions This study provided a comprehensive proteome and acetylome profile of fatty liver of dairy cows, and revealed potential important biological processes and essential regulators in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. Expectantly, understanding the molecular mechanisms of the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease in dairies, as an animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in human beings, which is a clinico-pathologically defined process associated with metabolic syndrome, could inspire and facilitate the development of efficacious therapeutic drugs on NAFLD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07950-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingjun Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhang Hu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Kerong Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, People's Republic of China.
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Ketema EB, Lopaschuk GD. Post-translational Acetylation Control of Cardiac Energy Metabolism. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:723996. [PMID: 34409084 PMCID: PMC8365027 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.723996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbations in myocardial energy substrate metabolism are key contributors to the pathogenesis of heart diseases. However, the underlying causes of these metabolic alterations remain poorly understood. Recently, post-translational acetylation-mediated modification of metabolic enzymes has emerged as one of the important regulatory mechanisms for these metabolic changes. Nevertheless, despite the growing reports of a large number of acetylated cardiac mitochondrial proteins involved in energy metabolism, the functional consequences of these acetylation changes and how they correlate to metabolic alterations and myocardial dysfunction are not clearly defined. This review summarizes the evidence for a role of cardiac mitochondrial protein acetylation in altering the function of major metabolic enzymes and myocardial energy metabolism in various cardiovascular disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezra B Ketema
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Di Emidio G, Falone S, Artini PG, Amicarelli F, D’Alessandro AM, Tatone C. Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Reproduction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071047. [PMID: 34209765 PMCID: PMC8300669 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria act as hubs of numerous metabolic pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunctions contribute to altering the redox balance and predispose to aging and metabolic alterations. The sirtuin family is composed of seven members and three of them, SIRT3-5, are housed in mitochondria. They catalyze NAD+-dependent deacylation and the ADP-ribosylation of mitochondrial proteins, thereby modulating gene expression and activities of enzymes involved in oxidative metabolism and stress responses. In this context, mitochondrial sirtuins (mtSIRTs) act in synergistic or antagonistic manners to protect from aging and aging-related metabolic abnormalities. In this review, we focus on the role of mtSIRTs in the biological competence of reproductive cells, organs, and embryos. Most studies are focused on SIRT3 in female reproduction, providing evidence that SIRT3 improves the competence of oocytes in humans and animal models. Moreover, SIRT3 protects oocytes, early embryos, and ovaries against stress conditions. The relationship between derangement of SIRT3 signaling and the imbalance of ROS and antioxidant defenses in testes has also been demonstrated. Very little is known about SIRT4 and SIRT5 functions in the reproductive system. The final goal of this work is to understand whether sirtuin-based signaling may be taken into account as potential targets for therapeutic applications in female and male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Di Emidio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.F.); (F.A.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)-862-433-441
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.F.); (F.A.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Paolo Giovanni Artini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology “P. Fioretti”, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.F.); (F.A.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Anna Maria D’Alessandro
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.F.); (F.A.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
| | - Carla Tatone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.F.); (F.A.); (A.M.D.); (C.T.)
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Chen J, Horton J, Sagum C, Zhou J, Cheng X, Bedford MT. Histone H3 N-terminal mimicry drives a novel network of methyl-effector interactions. Biochem J 2021; 478:1943-1958. [PMID: 33969871 PMCID: PMC8166343 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The reader ability of PHD fingers is largely limited to the recognition of the histone H3 N-terminal tail. Distinct subsets of PHDs bind either H3K4me3 (a transcriptional activator mark) or H3K4me0 (a transcriptional repressor state). Structural studies have identified common features among the different H3K4me3 effector PHDs, including (1) removal of the initiator methionine residue of H3 to prevent steric interference, (2) a groove where arginine-2 binds, and (3) an aromatic cage that engages methylated lysine-4. We hypothesize that some PHDs might have the ability to engage with non-histone ligands, as long as they adhere to these three rules. A search of the human proteome revealed an enrichment of chromatin-binding proteins that met these criteria, which we termed H3 N-terminal mimicry proteins (H3TMs). Seven H3TMs were selected, and used to screen a protein domain microarray for potential effector domains, and they all had the ability to bind H3K4me3-interacting effector domains. Furthermore, the binding affinity between the VRK1 peptide and the PHD domain of PHF2 is ∼3-fold stronger than that of PHF2 and H3K4me3 interaction. The crystal structure of PHF2 PHD finger bound with VRK1 K4me3 peptide provides a molecular basis for stronger binding of VRK1 peptide. In addition, a number of the H3TMs peptides, in their unmethylated form, interact with NuRD transcriptional repressor complex. Our findings provide in vitro evidence that methylation of H3TMs can promote interactions with PHD and Tudor domain-containing proteins and potentially block interactions with the NuRD complex. We propose that these interactions can occur in vivo as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianji Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, U.S.A
- Graduate Program in Genetics & Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, U.S.A
| | - John Horton
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, U.S.A
| | - Cari Sagum
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, U.S.A
| | - Jujun Zhou
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, U.S.A
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, U.S.A
| | - Mark T. Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957, U.S.A
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26
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Zhou F, Zhang L, Zhu K, Bai M, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Wang S, Sheng C, Yuan M, Liu Y, Lu J, Shao L, Wang X, Zhou L. SIRT2 ablation inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through decreasing glycolytic flux. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4825-4838. [PMID: 33754030 PMCID: PMC7978320 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Sirtuins are NAD+-dependent protein deacylases known to have protective effects against age-related diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease. SIRT2 is the only primarily cytoplasmic isoform and its overall role in glucose homeostasis remains uncertain. Methods: SIRT2-knockout (KO) rats were constructed to evaluate the role of SIRT2 in glucose homeostasis. The effect of SIRT2 on β-cell function was detected by investigating the morphology, insulin secretion, and metabolomic state of islets. The deacetylation and stabilization of GKRP in β-cells by SIRT2 were determined by western blot, adenoviral infection, and immunoprecipitation. Results: SIRT2-KO rats exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), without change in insulin sensitivity. SIRT2 deficiency or inhibition by AGK2 decreased GSIS in isolated rat islets, with lowered oxygen consumption rate. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of SIRT2 enhanced insulin secretion from rat islets. Metabolomics analysis revealed a decrease in metabolites of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle in SIRT2-KO islets compared with control islets. Our study further demonstrated that glucokinase regulatory protein (GKRP), an endogenous inhibitor of glucokinase (GCK), was expressed in rat islets. SIRT2 overexpression deacetylated GKRP in INS-1 β-cells. SIRT2 knockout or inhibition elevated GKRP protein stability in islet β-cells, leading to an increase in the interaction of GKRP and GCK. On the contrary, SIRT2 inhibition promoted the protein degradation of ALDOA, a glycolytic enzyme. Conclusions: SIRT2 ablation inhibits GSIS through blocking GKRP protein degradation and promoting ALDOA protein degradation, resulting in a decrease in glycolytic flux.
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27
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Latorre-Muro P, Baeza J, Hurtado-Guerrero R, Hicks T, Delso I, Hernández-Ruiz C, Velázquez-Campoy A, Lawton AJ, Angulo J, Denu JM, Carrodeguas JA. Self-acetylation at the active site of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) controls enzyme activity. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100205. [PMID: 33334880 PMCID: PMC7948413 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.015103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylation is known to regulate the activity of cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1), a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis, by promoting the reverse reaction of the enzyme (converting phosphoenolpyruvate to oxaloacetate). It is also known that the histone acetyltransferase p300 can induce PCK1 acetylation in cells, but whether that is a direct or indirect function was not known. Here we initially set out to determine whether p300 can acetylate directly PCK1 in vitro. We report that p300 weakly acetylates PCK1, but surprisingly, using several techniques including protein crystallization, mass spectrometry, isothermal titration calorimetry, saturation-transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular docking, we found that PCK1 is also able to acetylate itself using acetyl-CoA independently of p300. This reaction yielded an acetylated recombinant PCK1 with a 3-fold decrease in kcat without changes in Km for all substrates. Acetylation stoichiometry was determined for 14 residues, including residues lining the active site. Structural and kinetic analyses determined that site-directed acetylation of K244, located inside the active site, altered this site and rendered the enzyme inactive. In addition, we found that acetyl-CoA binding to the active site is specific and metal dependent. Our findings provide direct evidence for acetyl-CoA binding and chemical reaction with the active site of PCK1 and suggest a newly discovered regulatory mechanism of PCK1 during metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Latorre-Muro
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Josue Baeza
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ramon Hurtado-Guerrero
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratorio de Microscopías Avanzadas (LMA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Fundación ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Thomas Hicks
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Ignacio Delso
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza, CSIC, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández-Ruiz
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Adrian Velázquez-Campoy
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Fundación ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Biomedical Research Network Center in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain; IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alexis J Lawton
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jesús Angulo
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK; Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
| | - John M Denu
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery and Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - José A Carrodeguas
- Institute of Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems (BIFI), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain.
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Henriques BJ, Katrine Jentoft Olsen R, Gomes CM, Bross P. Electron transfer flavoprotein and its role in mitochondrial energy metabolism in health and disease. Gene 2021; 776:145407. [PMID: 33450351 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) is an enzyme with orthologs from bacteria to humans. Human ETF is nuclear encoded by two separate genes, ETFA and ETFB, respectively. After translation, the two subunits are imported to the mitochondrial matrix space and assemble into a heterodimer containing one FAD and one AMP as cofactors. ETF functions as a hub taking up electrons from at least 14 flavoenzymes, feeding them into the respiratory chain. This represents a major source of reducing power for the electron transport chain from fatty acid oxidation and amino acid degradation. Transfer of electrons from the donor enzymes to ETF occurs by direct transfer between the enzyme bound flavins, a process that is tightly regulated by the polypeptide chain and by protein:protein interactions. ETF, in turn relays electrons to the iron sulfur cluster of the inner membrane protein ETF:QO, from where they travel via the FAD in ETF:QO to ubiquinone, entering the respiratory chain at the level of complex III. ETF recognizes its dehydrogenase partners via a recognition loop that anchors the protein on its partner followed by dynamic movements of the ETF flavin domain that bring redox cofactors in close proximity, thus promoting electron transfer. Genetic mutations in the ETFA or ETFB genes cause the Mendelian disorder multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD; OMIM #231680). We here review the knowledge on human ETF and investigations of the effects of disease-associated missense mutations in this protein that have promoted the understanding of the essential role that ETF plays in cellular metabolism and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara J Henriques
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Rikke Katrine Jentoft Olsen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Cláudio M Gomes
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Peter Bross
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark.
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Mezhnina V, Pearce R, Poe A, Velingkaar N, Astafev A, Ebeigbe OP, Makwana K, Sandlers Y, Kondratov RV. CR reprograms acetyl-CoA metabolism and induces long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and CrAT expression. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13266. [PMID: 33105059 PMCID: PMC7681051 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR), an age delaying diet, affects fat oxidation through poorly understood mechanisms. We investigated the effect of CR on fat metabolism gene expression and intermediate metabolites of fatty acid oxidation in the liver. We found that CR changed the liver acylcarnitine profile: acetylcarnitine, short‐chain acylcarnitines, and long‐chain 3‐hydroxy‐acylcarnitines increased, and several long‐chain acylcarnitines decreased. Acetyl‐CoA and short‐chain acyl‐CoAs were also increased in CR. CR did not affect the expression of CPT1 and upregulated the expression of long‐chain and very‐long‐chain Acyl‐CoA dehydrogenases (LCAD and VLCAD, respectively). The expression of downstream enzymes such as mitochondrial trifunctional protein and enzymes in medium‐ and short‐chain acyl‐CoAs oxidation was not affected in CR. CR shifted the balance of fatty acid oxidation enzymes and fatty acid metabolites in the liver. Acetyl‐CoA generated through beta‐oxidation can be used for ketogenesis or energy production. In agreement, blood ketone bodies increased under CR in a time of the day‐dependent manner. Carnitine acetyltransferase (CrAT) is a bidirectional enzyme that interconverts short‐chain acyl‐CoAs and their corresponding acylcarnitines. CrAT expression was induced in CR liver supporting the increased acetylcarnitine and short‐chain acylcarnitine production. Acetylcarnitine can freely travel between cellular sub‐compartments. Supporting this CR increased protein acetylation in the mitochondria, cytoplasm, and nucleus. We hypothesize that changes in acyl‐CoA and acylcarnitine levels help to control energy metabolism and contribute to metabolic flexibility under CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volha Mezhnina
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Ryan Pearce
- Department of Chemistry Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Allan Poe
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Nikkhil Velingkaar
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Artem Astafev
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Oghogho P. Ebeigbe
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Kuldeep Makwana
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Yana Sandlers
- Department of Chemistry Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
| | - Roman V. Kondratov
- Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological Geological and Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio USA
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Smith ER, Hewitson TD. TGF-β1 is a regulator of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17914. [PMID: 33087819 PMCID: PMC7578649 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74919-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β1 reprograms metabolism in renal fibroblasts, inducing a switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. However, molecular events underpinning this are unknown. Here we identify that TGF-β1 downregulates acetyl-CoA biosynthesis via regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Flow cytometry showed that TGF-β1 reduced the PDC subunit PDH-E1α in fibroblasts derived from injured, but not normal kidneys. An increase in expression of PDH kinase 1 (PDK1), and reduction in the phosphatase PDP1, were commensurate with net phosphorylation and inactivation of PDC. Over-expression of mutant PDH-E1α, resistant to phosphorylation, ameliorated effects of TGF-β1, while inhibition of PDC activity with CPI-613 was sufficient to induce αSMA and pro-collagen I expression, markers of myofibroblast differentiation and fibroblast activation. The effect of TGF-β1 on PDC activity, acetyl-CoA, αSMA and pro-collagen I was also ameliorated by sodium dichloroacetate, a small molecule inhibitor of PDK. A reduction in acetyl-CoA, and therefore acetylation substrate, also resulted in a generalised loss of protein acetylation with TGF-β1. In conclusion, TGF-β1 in part regulates fibroblast activation via effects on PDC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward R Smith
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital (RMH), Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia.,Department of Medicine - RMH, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy D Hewitson
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital (RMH), Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia. .,Department of Medicine - RMH, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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Lv T, Zhu S, Ma Y, Feng H, Wan Q. Immunoprecipitation of Acetyl-lysine And Western Blotting of Long-chain acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases and Beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase in Palmitic Acid Treated Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3765. [PMID: 33659423 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the main energy metabolism organs, kidney has been proved to have high energy requirements and are more inclined to fatty acid metabolism as the main energy source. Long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (LCAD) and beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (beta-HAD), key enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation, has been identified as the substrate of acetyltransferase GCN5L1 and deacetylase Sirt3. Acetylation levels of LCAD and beta-HAD regulate its enzymes activity and thus affect fatty acid oxidation rate. Moreover, immunoprecipitation is a key assay for the detection of LCAD and beta-HAD acetylation levels. Here we describe a protocol of immunoprecipitation of acetyl-lysine and western blotting of LCAD and beta-HAD in palmitic acid treated HK-2 cells (human renal tubular epithelial cells). The scheme provides the readers with clear steps so that this method could be applied to detect the acetylation level of various proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Suwei Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Hong Feng
- Cancer Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Qiang Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
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Zhao L, Cao J, Hu K, He X, Yun D, Tong T, Han L. Sirtuins and their Biological Relevance in Aging and Age-Related Diseases. Aging Dis 2020; 11:927-945. [PMID: 32765955 PMCID: PMC7390530 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins, initially described as histone deacetylases and gene silencers in yeast, are now known to have many more functions and to be much more abundant in living organisms. The increasing evidence of sirtuins in the field of ageing and age-related diseases indicates that they may provide novel targets for treating diseases associated with aging and perhaps extend human lifespan. Here, we summarize some of the recent discoveries in sirtuin biology that clearly implicate the functions of sirtuins in the regulation of aging and age-related diseases. Furthermore, human sirtuins are considered promising therapeutic targets for anti-aging and ageing-related diseases and have attracted interest in scientific communities to develop small molecule activators or drugs to ameliorate a wide range of ageing disorders. In this review, we also summarize the discovery and development status of sirtuin-targeted drug and further discuss the potential medical strategies of sirtuins in delaying aging and treating age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Zhao
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Cao
- 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Hu
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong He
- 2Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dou Yun
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Tanjun Tong
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Han
- 1Peking University Research Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Beijing, China
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Perumal N, Straßburger L, Herzog DP, Müller MB, Pfeiffer N, Grus FH, Manicam C. Bioenergetic shift and actin cytoskeleton remodelling as acute vascular adaptive mechanisms to angiotensin II in murine retina and ophthalmic artery. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101597. [PMID: 32513477 PMCID: PMC7327981 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular vascular dysfunction is a major contributing factor to the pathogenesis of glaucoma. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) in mediating the disease progression. Despite its (patho)physiological importance, the molecular mechanisms underlying Ang II-mediated oxidative stress remain largely unexplored in the ocular vasculature. Here, we provide the first direct evidence of the alterations of proteome and signalling pathways underlying Ang II-elicited oxidative insult independent of arterial pressure changes in the ophthalmic artery (OA) and retina (R) employing an in vitro experimental model. Both R and OA were isolated from male C57Bl/6J mice (n = 15/group; n = 5/biological replicate) and incubated overnight in medium containing either vehicle or Ang II (0.1 μM) at physiological conditions. Label-free quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics analysis identified a differential expression of 107 and 34 proteins in the R and OA, respectively. Statistical and bioinformatics analyses revealed that protein clusters involved in actin cytoskeleton and integrin-linked kinase signalling were significantly activated in the OA. Conversely, a large majority of differentially expressed retinal proteins were involved in dysregulation of numerous energy-producing and metabolic signalling pathways, hinting to a possible shift in retinal cell bioenergetics. Particularly, Ang II-mediated downregulation of septin-7 (Sept7; p < 0.01) and superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (Sod1; p < 0.05), and upregulation of troponin T, fast skeletal muscle (Tnnt3; p < 0.05) and tropomyosin alpha-3 chain (Tpm3; p < 0.01) in the OA, and significant decreased expressions of two crystallin proteins (Cryab; p < 0.05 and Crybb2; p < 0.0001) in the R were verified at the mRNA level, corroborating our proteomics findings. In summary, these results demonstrated that exogenous application of Ang II over an acute time period caused impairment of retinal bioenergetics and cellular demise, and actin cytoskeleton-mediated vascular remodelling in the OA. Acute Ang II stimulation elicits oxidative stress in ocular vasculature without pressor effect. . Dysregulation of energy-producing and metabolic pathways are implicated in the retina. . Actin cytoskeleton remodelling are vascular adaptation processes in the ophthalmic artery. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Perumal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Lars Straßburger
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - David P Herzog
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Focus Program Translational Neurosciences (FTN), University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy & Focus Program Translational Neurosciences (FTN), University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Franz H Grus
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Caroline Manicam
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Agudelo Garcia PA, Nagarajan P, Parthun MR. Hat1-Dependent Lysine Acetylation Targets Diverse Cellular Functions. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1663-1673. [PMID: 32081014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lysine acetylation has emerged as one of the most important post-translational modifications, regulating different biological processes. However, its regulation by lysine acetyltransferases is still unclear in most cases. Hat1 is a lysine acetyltransferase originally identified based on its ability to acetylate histones. Using an unbiased proteomics approach, we have determined how loss of Hat1 affects the mammalian acetylome. Hat1+/+ and Hat1-/- mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines were grown in both glucose- and galactose-containing media, as Hat1 is required for growth on galactose, and Hat1-/- cells exhibit defects in mitochondrial function. Following trypsin digestion of whole cell extracts, acetylated peptides were enriched by acetyllysine affinity purification, and acetylated peptides were identified and analyzed by label-free quantitation. Comparison of the acetylome from Hat1+/+ cells grown on galactose and glucose demonstrated that there are large carbon source-dependent changes in the mammalian acetylome where the acetylation of enzymes involved in glycolysis were the most affected. Comparisons of the acetylomes from Hat1+/+ and Hat1-/- cells identified 65 proteins whose acetylation decreased by at least 2.5-fold in cells lacking Hat1. In Hat1-/- cells, acetylation of the autoregulatory loop of CBP (CREB-binding protein) was the most highly affected, decreasing by up to 20-fold. In addition to the proteins involved in chromatin structure, Hat1-dependent acetylation was also found in a number of transcriptional regulators, including p53 and mitochondrial proteins. Hat1 mitochondrial localization suggests that it may be directly involved in the acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD017362.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Agudelo Garcia
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Prabakaran Nagarajan
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Mark R Parthun
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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GCN5L1 controls renal lipotoxicity through regulating acetylation of fatty acid oxidation enzymes. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:597-606. [PMID: 31760589 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00711-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a common risk factor of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Current notion suggests that insufficient intracellular fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and subsequently enhanced fatty acid esterification within renal resident cells, a process termed as renal lipotoxicity, is the key pathogenic event responsible for dyslipidemia-induced kidney injury. However, the detailed mechanism is not fully elucidated. Recently, accumulating data indicated that acetylation modification is an important regulating manner for both mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, while whether acetylation modification is involved in renal lipotoxicity is of little known. In the present study, the expression level of global lysine acetylation was detected by immunohistochemistry in high-fat diet mice and western blot in palmitic acid (PA) stimulated HK-2 cells. The acetylation levels of long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (LCAD) and β-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD) were measured by immunoprecipitation. And a multifunction microplate reader was applied to detect FAO rate, triglyceride and acyl-CoA contents, and the enzyme activities, with cellular lipid accumulation identified by Oil Red O staining. We evidenced the acetylation levels of LCAD and β-HAD that were enhanced, which led to decreased enzymatic activities and impaired FAO rate. Furthermore, renal protein hyperacetylation induced by lipid overload was associated with increased expression of GCN5L1. And the silence of GCN5L1 in tubular epithelial cells resulted in deacetylation and activation of LCAD and β-HAD. Finally, excess lipids induced lipotoxicity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were ameliorated by GCN5L1 suppression, suggesting GCN5L1-mediated mitochondrial LCAD and β-HAD acetylation might be a key pathogenic event underlying excess lipids induced FAO impairment.
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36
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Meng H, Yan WY, Lei YH, Wan Z, Hou YY, Sun LK, Zhou JP. SIRT3 Regulation of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:313. [PMID: 31780922 PMCID: PMC6861177 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are disorders that are characterized by a progressive decline of motor and/or cognitive functions caused by the selective degeneration and loss of neurons within the central nervous system. The most common neurodegenerative diseases are Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). Neurons have high energy demands, and dysregulation of mitochondrial quality and function is an important cause of neuronal degeneration. Mitochondrial quality control plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial integrity and ensuring normal mitochondrial function; thus, defects in mitochondrial quality control are also significant causes of neurodegenerative diseases. The mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 has been found to have a large effect on mitochondrial function. Recent studies have also shown that SIRT3 has a role in mitochondrial quality control, including in the refolding or degradation of misfolded/unfolded proteins, mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis, all of which are affected in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Meng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wan-Yu Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu-Hong Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye-Ye Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lian-Kun Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jue-Pu Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Softic S, Meyer JG, Wang GX, Gupta MK, Batista TM, Lauritzen HPMM, Fujisaka S, Serra D, Herrero L, Willoughby J, Fitzgerald K, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Gibson BW, Schilling B, Cohen DE, Kahn CR. Dietary Sugars Alter Hepatic Fatty Acid Oxidation via Transcriptional and Post-translational Modifications of Mitochondrial Proteins. Cell Metab 2019; 30:735-753.e4. [PMID: 31577934 PMCID: PMC7816129 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Dietary sugars, fructose and glucose, promote hepatic de novo lipogenesis and modify the effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on the development of insulin resistance. Here, we show that fructose and glucose supplementation of an HFD exert divergent effects on hepatic mitochondrial function and fatty acid oxidation. This is mediated via three different nodes of regulation, including differential effects on malonyl-CoA levels, effects on mitochondrial size/protein abundance, and acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. HFD- and HFD plus fructose-fed mice have decreased CTP1a activity, the rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid oxidation, whereas knockdown of fructose metabolism increases CPT1a and its acylcarnitine products. Furthermore, fructose-supplemented HFD leads to increased acetylation of ACADL and CPT1a, which is associated with decreased fat metabolism. In summary, dietary fructose, but not glucose, supplementation of HFD impairs mitochondrial size, function, and protein acetylation, resulting in decreased fatty acid oxidation and development of metabolic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Softic
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine and Kentucky Children's Hospital, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Jesse G Meyer
- Chemistry & Mass Spectrometry, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Guo-Xiao Wang
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manoj K Gupta
- Islet Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Thiago M Batista
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hans P M M Lauritzen
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shiho Fujisaka
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; First Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Dolors Serra
- School of Pharmacy, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- School of Pharmacy, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | | | | | - Olga Ilkayeva
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Departments of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Departments of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Bradford W Gibson
- Chemistry & Mass Spectrometry, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Birgit Schilling
- Chemistry & Mass Spectrometry, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - David E Cohen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medical College New York, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Mitochondria Lysine Acetylation and Phenotypic Control. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1158:59-70. [PMID: 31452135 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8367-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria have a central role in cellular metabolism and reversible post-translational modifications regulate activity of mitochondrial proteins. Thanks to advances in proteomics, lysine acetylation has arisen as an important post-translational modification in the mitochondrion. During acetylation an acetyl group is covalently attached to the epsilon amino group in the side chain of lysine residues using acetyl-CoA as the substrate donor. Therefore the positive charge is neutralized, and this can affect the function of proteins thereby regulating enzyme activity, protein interactions, and protein stability. The major deacetylase in mitochondria is SIRT3 whose activity regulates many mitochondrial enzymes. The method of choice for the analysis of acetylated proteins foresees the combination of mass spectrometry-based proteomics with affinity enrichment techniques. Beyond the identification of lysine-acetylated proteins, many studies are moving towards the characterization of acetylated patterns in different diseases. Indeed, modifications in lysine acetylation status can directly alter mitochondrial function and, therefore, be linked to human diseases such as metabolic diseases, cancer, myocardial injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the progress in the characterization of different lysine acetylation sites, additional studies are needed to differentiate the specific changes with a significant biological relevance.
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Madkour MI, T El-Serafi A, Jahrami HA, Sherif NM, Hassan RE, Awadallah S, Faris MAIE. Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting modulates SOD2, TFAM, Nrf2, and sirtuins (SIRT1, SIRT3) gene expressions in subjects with overweight and obesity. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 155:107801. [PMID: 31356832 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.107801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM A growing body of evidence supports the impact of intermittent fasting on normalizing body metabolism and lowering oxidative stress and inflammation. Mounting evidence confirms that oxidative stress and chronic inflammation trigger the way for the development of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes. This research was conducted to evaluate the impact of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) on the expression of cellular metabolism (SIRT1 and SIRT3) and antioxidant genes (TFAM, SOD2, and Nrf2). METHODS Fifty-six (34 males and 22 females) overweight and obese subjects and six healthy body weight controls were recruited and monitored before and after Ramadan. RESULTS Results showed that the relative gene expressions in obese subjects in comparison to counterpart expressions of controls for the antioxidant genes (TFAM, SOD2, and Nrf2) were significantly increased at the end of Ramadan, with percent increments of 90.5%, 54.1% and 411.5% for the three genes, respectively. However, the metabolism-controlling gene (SIRT3) showed a highly significant (P < 0.001) downregulation accompanied with a trend for reduction in SIRT1 gene at the end of Ramadan month, with percent decrements of 61.8% and 10.4%, respectively. Binary regression analysis revealed significant positive correlation (P < 0.05) between high energy intake (>2000 Kcal/day vs. <2000 Kcal/day) and expressions of SOD2 and TFAM (r = 0.84 and r = 0.9, respectively). CONCLUSION Results suggest that RIF ameliorates the genetic expression of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, and metabolic regulatory genes. Thus, RIF presumably may entail a protective impact against oxidative stress and its adverse metabolic-related derangements in non-diabetic obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Madkour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed T El-Serafi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine/Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates and Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Haitham A Jahrami
- Rehabilitation Services, Periphery Hospitals, Ministry of Health, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Naglaa M Sherif
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha E Hassan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mo'ez Al-Islam E Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences/Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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ELP3 Acetyltransferase is phosphorylated and regulated by the oncogenic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). Biochem J 2019; 476:2239-2254. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20190106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractProtein lysine acetylation is one of the major posttranslational modifications (PTMs) with several thousands of proteins identified to be acetylated in mammalian tissues. Mechanistic studies have revealed important functions of acetylation in the regulation of protein function. Much less is known on how the acetyltransferases themselves are regulated. In the current study, we discover that the Elongator protein 3 (ELP3) acetyltransferase is modified by tyrosine phosphorylation. We demonstrate that the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is the major tyrosine kinase responsible for ELP3 tyrosine phosphorylation. ELP3 is phosphorylated in tumor cells expressing oncogenic NPM–ALK fusion protein. We further identify Tyr202 as the major ALK phosphorylation site in ELP3. Importantly, the introduction of Y202 phosphorylation mutant ELP3 into ALK-positive tumor cells reduced cell growth and impaired gene expression. Collectively, our study reveals a novel regulatory mechanism for ELP3, provides an example that acetyltransferase itself can be regulated by PTM, and suggests a potential target for ALK-positive cancer therapies.
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Han Y, Zhou S, Coetzee S, Chen A. SIRT4 and Its Roles in Energy and Redox Metabolism in Health, Disease and During Exercise. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1006. [PMID: 31447696 PMCID: PMC6695564 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
NAD+-dependent SIRT4 has been reported to be a key regulator of metabolic enzymes and antioxidant defense mechanisms in mitochondria. It also plays an important role in regulation of mitochondrial metabolism in response to exercise. Recent studies have shown that SIRT4 is involved in a wide range of mitochondrial metabolic processes, including depressing insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells, promoting lipid synthesis, regulating mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) homeostasis, controlling apoptosis and regulating redox. SIRT4 also appears to have enzymatic functions involved in posttranslational modifications such as ADP-ribosylation, lysine deacetylation and lipoamidation. However, the effects on SIRT4 by metabolic diseases and changes in metabolic homeostasis such as during exercise, along with the roles of SIRT4 in the regulation of metabolism during disease, are not well understood. The main goal of this review is to critically analyse and summarise the current research evidence on the significance of the SIRT4 as a metabolic regulator and in mitochondrial function and its putative roles in relation to metabolic diseases and exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Han
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonja Coetzee
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Anping Chen
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Wang T, Cao Y, Zheng Q, Tu J, Zhou W, He J, Zhong J, Chen Y, Wang J, Cai R, Zuo Y, Wei B, Fan Q, Yang J, Wu Y, Yi J, Li D, Liu M, Wang C, Zhou A, Li Y, Wu X, Yang W, Chin YE, Chen G, Cheng J. SENP1-Sirt3 Signaling Controls Mitochondrial Protein Acetylation and Metabolism. Mol Cell 2019; 75:823-834.e5. [PMID: 31302001 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sirt3, as a major mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent deacetylase, is required for mitochondrial metabolic adaption to various stresses. However, how to regulate Sirt3 activity responding to metabolic stress remains largely unknown. Here, we report Sirt3 as a SUMOylated protein in mitochondria. SUMOylation suppresses Sirt3 catalytic activity. SUMOylation-deficient Sirt3 shows elevated deacetylation on mitochondrial proteins and increased fatty acid oxidation. During fasting, SUMO-specific protease SENP1 is accumulated in mitochondria and quickly de-SUMOylates and activates Sirt3. SENP1 deficiency results in hyper-SUMOylation of Sirt3 and hyper-acetylation of mitochondrial proteins, which reduces mitochondrial metabolic adaption responding to fasting. Furthermore, we find that fasting induces SENP1 translocation into mitochondria to activate Sirt3. The studies on mice show that Sirt3 SUMOylation mutation reduces fat mass and antagonizes high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity via increasing oxidative phosphorylation and energy expenditure. Our results reveal that SENP1-Sirt3 signaling modulates Sirt3 activation and mitochondrial metabolism during metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Quan Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jun Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jianli He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yalan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jiqiu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rong Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yong Zuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qiuju Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yicheng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Dali Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chuangui Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Aiwu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China; Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Yu Li
- Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xuefeng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Y Eugene Chin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jinke Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital Affiliated, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
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Foolad F, Khodagholi F, Javan M. Sirtuins in Multiple Sclerosis: The crossroad of neurodegeneration, autoimmunity and metabolism. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 34:47-58. [PMID: 31228716 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a challenging and disabling condition particularly in the secondary progressive (SP) phase of this disease. The available treatments cannot ameliorate or stop disease progression in this phase, and there is an urgent need to focus on effective therapies and the molecular pathways involved SPMS. Given the significant impact of neurodegeneration, autoimmunity and metabolic alterations in MS, focusing on the molecules that target these different pathways could help in finding new treatments. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are NAD+ dependent epigenetic and metabolic regulators, which have critical roles in the physiology of central nervous system, immune system and metabolism. Based on these facts, SIRTs are crucial candidates of therapeutic targets in MS and collecting the information related to MS disease for each SIRT individually is noteworthy and highlights the lack of investigation in each part. In this review we summarized the role of different sirtuins as key regulator in neurodegeneration, autoimmunity and metabolism pathways. We also clarify the rationale behind selecting SIRTs as therapeutic targets in MS disease by collecting the researches showing alteration of these proteins in human samples of MS patients and animal model of MS, and also the improvement of modeled animals after SIRT-directed treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Foolad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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Ringel AE, Tucker SA, Haigis MC. Chemical and Physiological Features of Mitochondrial Acylation. Mol Cell 2019; 72:610-624. [PMID: 30444998 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Growing appreciation of the diversity of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the mitochondria necessitates reevaluation of the roles these modifications play in both health and disease. Compared to the cytosol and nucleus, the mitochondrial proteome is highly acylated, and remodeling of the mitochondrial "acylome" is a key adaptive mechanism that regulates fundamental aspects of mitochondrial biology. It is clear that we need to understand the underlying chemistry that regulates mitochondrial acylation, as well as how chemical properties of the acyl chain impact biological functions. Here, we dissect the sources of PTMs in the mitochondria, review major mitochondrial pathways that control levels of PTMs, and highlight how sirtuin enzymes respond to the bioenergetic state of the cell via NAD+ availability to regulate mitochondrial biology. By providing a framework connecting the chemistry of these modifications, their biochemical consequences, and the pathways that regulate the levels of acyl PTMs, we will gain a deeper understanding of the physiological significance of mitochondrial acylation and its role in mitochondrial adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison E Ringel
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarah A Tucker
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Ludwig Center for Cancer Research at Harvard, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Sergi D, Naumovski N, Heilbronn LK, Abeywardena M, O'Callaghan N, Lionetti L, Luscombe-Marsh N. Mitochondrial (Dys)function and Insulin Resistance: From Pathophysiological Molecular Mechanisms to the Impact of Diet. Front Physiol 2019; 10:532. [PMID: 31130874 PMCID: PMC6510277 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, the hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the cause-effect relationship remains to be fully elucidated. Compelling evidence suggests that boosting mitochondrial function may represent a valuable therapeutic tool to improve insulin sensitivity. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, which adapt to short- and long-term metabolic perturbations by undergoing fusion and fission cycles, spatial rearrangement of the electron transport chain complexes into supercomplexes and biogenesis governed by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC 1α). However, these processes appear to be dysregulated in type 2 diabetic individuals. Herein, we describe the mechanistic link between mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle alongside the intracellular pathways orchestrating mitochondrial bioenergetics. We then review current evidence on nutritional tools, including fatty acids, amino acids, caloric restriction and food bioactive derivatives, which may enhance insulin sensitivity by therapeutically targeting mitochondrial function and biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Nutrition and Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers (CRIBB) Group, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Mahinda Abeywardena
- Nutrition and Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nathan O'Callaghan
- Nutrition and Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Natalie Luscombe-Marsh
- Nutrition and Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Madeo F, Carmona-Gutierrez D, Hofer SJ, Kroemer G. Caloric Restriction Mimetics against Age-Associated Disease: Targets, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Potential. Cell Metab 2019; 29:592-610. [PMID: 30840912 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The increase in life expectancy has boosted the incidence of age-related pathologies beyond social and economic sustainability. Consequently, there is an urgent need for interventions that revert or at least prevent the pathogenic age-associated deterioration. The permanent or periodic reduction of calorie intake without malnutrition (caloric restriction and fasting) is the only strategy that reliably extends healthspan in mammals including non-human primates. However, the strict and life-long compliance with these regimens is difficult, which has promoted the emergence of caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs). We define CRMs as compounds that ignite the protective pathways of caloric restriction by promoting autophagy, a cytoplasmic recycling mechanism, via a reduction in protein acetylation. Here, we describe the current knowledge on molecular, cellular, and organismal effects of known and putative CRMs in mice and humans. We anticipate that CRMs will become part of the pharmacological armamentarium against aging and age-related cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | | | - Sebastian J Hofer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U 1138, Paris, France; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France; Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Center of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, China.
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Abstract
Posttranslational modifications of proteins control many complex biological processes, including genome expression, chromatin dynamics, metabolism, and cell division through a language of chemical modifications. Improvements in mass spectrometry-based proteomics have demonstrated protein acetylation is a widespread and dynamic modification in the cell; however, many questions remain on the regulation and downstream effects, and an assessment of the overall acetylation stoichiometry is needed. In this chapter, we describe the determination of acetylation stoichiometry using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry to expand the number of acetylation sites quantified. However, the increased depth of data-independent acquisition is limited by the spectral library used to deconvolute fragmentation spectra. We describe a powerful approach of subcellular fractionation in conjunction with offline prefractionation to increase the depth of the spectral library. This deep interrogation of subcellular compartments provides essential insights into the compartment-specific regulation and downstream functions of protein acetylation.
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Temporal dynamics of liver mitochondrial protein acetylation and succinylation and metabolites due to high fat diet and/or excess glucose or fructose. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208973. [PMID: 30586434 PMCID: PMC6306174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary macronutrient composition alters metabolism through several mechanisms, including post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins. To connect diet and molecular changes, here we performed short- and long-term feeding of mice with standard chow diet (SCD) and high-fat diet (HFD), with or without glucose or fructose supplementation, and quantified liver metabolites, 861 proteins, and 1,815 protein level-corrected mitochondrial acetylation and succinylation sites. Nearly half the acylation sites were altered by at least one diet; nutrient-specific changes in protein acylation sometimes encompass entire pathways. Although acetyl-CoA is an intermediate in both sugar and fat metabolism, acetyl-CoA had a dichotomous fate depending on its source; chronic feeding of dietary sugars induced protein hyperacetylation, whereas the same duration of HFD did not. Instead, HFD resulted in citrate accumulation, anaplerotic metabolism of amino acids, and protein hypo-succinylation. Together, our results demonstrate novel connections between dietary macronutrients, protein post-translational modifications, and regulation of fuel selection in liver.
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Rovira-Llopis S, Apostolova N, Bañuls C, Muntané J, Rocha M, Victor VM. Mitochondria, the NLRP3 Inflammasome, and Sirtuins in Type 2 Diabetes: New Therapeutic Targets. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:749-791. [PMID: 29256638 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Type 2 diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia can lead to the development of comorbidities such as atherosclerosis and microvascular/macrovascular complications. Both type 2 diabetes and its complications are related to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Type 2 diabetes is also a chronic inflammatory condition that leads to inflammasome activation and the release of proinflammatory mediators, including interleukins (ILs) IL-1β and IL-18. Moreover, sirtuins are energetic sensors that respond to metabolic load, which highlights their relevance in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Recent Advances: Over the past decade, great progress has been made in clarifying the signaling events regulated by mitochondria, inflammasomes, and sirtuins. Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is the best characterized inflammasome, and the generation of oxidant species seems to be critical for its activation. NLRP3 inflammasome activation and altered sirtuin levels have been observed in type 2 diabetes. Critical Issue: Despite increasing evidence of the relationship between the NLRP3 inflammasome, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress and of their participation in type 2 diabetes physiopathology, therapeutic strategies to combat type 2 diabetes that target NLRP3 inflammasome and sirtuins are yet to be consolidated. FUTURE DIRECTIONS In this review article, we attempt to provide an overview of the existing literature concerning the crosstalk between mitochondrial impairment and the inflammasome, with particular attention to cellular and mitochondrial redox metabolism and the potential role of the NLRP3 inflammasome and sirtuins in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. In addition, we discuss potential targets for therapeutic intervention based on these molecular interactions. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 749-791.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Rovira-Llopis
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- 2 Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Bañuls
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- 3 Department of General Surgery, Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/IBiS/CSIC/University of Seville , Seville, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Milagros Rocha
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- 1 Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Doctor Peset , Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain .,4 CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN BIOMÉDICA EN RED de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) , Madrid, Spain .,5 Department of Physiology, University of Valencia , Valencia, Spain
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50
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Bao W, Yuan CA, Zhang Y, Han K, Nandi AK, Honig B, Huang DS. Mutli-Features Prediction of Protein Translational Modification Sites. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2018; 15:1453-1460. [PMID: 28961121 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2017.2752703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Post translational modification plays a significiant role in the biological processing. The potential post translational modification is composed of the center sites and the adjacent amino acid residues which are fundamental protein sequence residues. It can be helpful to perform their biological functions and contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms that are the foundations of protein design and drug design. The existing algorithms of predicting modified sites often have some shortcomings, such as lower stability and accuracy. In this paper, a combination of physical, chemical, statistical, and biological properties of a protein have been ulitized as the features, and a novel framework is proposed to predict a protein's post translational modification sites. The multi-layer neural network and support vector machine are invoked to predict the potential modified sites with the selected features that include the compositions of amino acid residues, the E-H description of protein segments, and several properties from the AAIndex database. Being aware of the possible redundant information, the feature selection is proposed in the propocessing step in this research. The experimental results show that the proposed method has the ability to improve the accuracy in this classification issue.
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