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Tian T, Zhu Y, Shi J, Shang K, Yin Z, Shi H, He Y, Ding J, Zhang F. The development of a human Brucella mucosal vaccine: What should be considered? Life Sci 2024; 355:122986. [PMID: 39151885 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Brucellosis is a chronic infectious disease that is zoonotic in nature. Brucella can infect humans through interactions with livestock, primarily via the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and oral cavity. This bacterium has the potential to be utilized as a biological weapon and is classified as a Category B pathogen by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Currently, there is no approved vaccine for humans against Brucella, highlighting an urgent need for the development of a vaccine to mitigate the risks posed by this pathogen. Brucella primarily infects its host by adhering to and penetrating mucosal surfaces. Mucosal immunity plays a vital role in preventing local infections, clearing microorganisms from mucosal surfaces, and inhibiting the spread of pathogens. As mucosal vaccine strategies continue to evolve, the development of a safe and effective mucosal vaccine against Brucella appears promising.This paper reviews the immune mechanism of mucosal vaccines, the infection mechanism of Brucella, successful Brucella mucosal vaccines in animals, and mucosal adjuvants. Additionally, it elucidates targeting and optimization strategies for mucosal vaccines to facilitate the development of human vaccines against Brucella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Yuejie Zhu
- Reproductive Fertility Assistance Center, First Afffliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Juan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Kaiyu Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Zhengwei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Huidong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Yueyue He
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Jianbing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China
| | - Fengbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China; Department of Clinical laboratory, The First Affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, China.
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Gambirasi M, Safa A, Vruzhaj I, Giacomin A, Sartor F, Toffoli G. Oral Administration of Cancer Vaccines: Challenges and Future Perspectives. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:26. [PMID: 38250839 PMCID: PMC10821404 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer vaccines, a burgeoning strategy in cancer treatment, are exploring innovative administration routes to enhance patient and medical staff experiences, as well as immunological outcomes. Among these, oral administration has surfaced as a particularly noteworthy approach, which is attributed to its capacity to ignite both humoral and cellular immune responses at systemic and mucosal tiers, thereby potentially bolstering vaccine efficacy comprehensively and durably. Notwithstanding this, the deployment of vaccines through the oral route in a clinical context is impeded by multifaceted challenges, predominantly stemming from the intricacy of orchestrating effective oral immunogenicity and necessitating strategic navigation through gastrointestinal barriers. Based on the immunogenicity of the gastrointestinal tract, this review critically analyses the challenges and recent advances and provides insights into the future development of oral cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gambirasi
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.G.); (I.V.); (F.S.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Amin Safa
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.G.); (I.V.); (F.S.)
- Doctoral School in Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
| | - Idris Vruzhaj
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.G.); (I.V.); (F.S.)
- Doctoral School in Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Aurora Giacomin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Franca Sartor
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.G.); (I.V.); (F.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Toffoli
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (M.G.); (I.V.); (F.S.)
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Liu X, Wang X, Zhang P, Fang Y, Liu Y, Ding Y, Zhang W. Intestinal homeostasis in the gut-lung-kidney axis: a prospective therapeutic target in immune-related chronic kidney diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1266792. [PMID: 38022571 PMCID: PMC10646503 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1266792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the role of intestinal homeostasis in health has received increasing interest, significantly improving our understanding of the complex pathophysiological interactions of the gut with other organs. Microbiota dysbiosis, impaired intestinal barrier, and aberrant intestinal immunity appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of immune-related chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Meanwhile, the relationship between the pathological changes in the respiratory tract (e.g., infection, fibrosis, granuloma) and immune-related CKD cannot be ignored. The present review aimed to elucidate the new underlying mechanism of immune-related CKD. The lungs may affect kidney function through intestinal mediation. Communication is believed to exist between the gut and lung microbiota across long physiological distances. Following the inhalation of various pathogenic factors (e.g., particulate matter 2.5 mum or less in diameter, pathogen) in the air through the mouth and nose, considering the anatomical connection between the nasopharynx and lungs, gut microbiome regulates oxidative stress and inflammatory states in the lungs and kidneys. Meanwhile, the intestine participates in the differentiation of T cells and promotes the migration of various immune cells to specific organs. This better explain the occurrence and progression of CKD caused by upper respiratory tract precursor infection and suggests the relationship between the lungs and kidney complications in some autoimmune diseases (e.g., anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies -associated vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus). CKD can also affect the progression of lung diseases (e.g., acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). We conclude that damage to the gut barrier appears to contribute to the development of immune-related CKD through gut-lung-kidney interplay, leading us to establish the gut-lung-kidney axis hypothesis. Further, we discuss possible therapeutic interventions and targets. For example, using prebiotics, probiotics, and laxatives (e.g., Rhubarb officinale) to regulate the gut ecology to alleviate oxidative stress, as well as improve the local immune system of the intestine and immune communication with the lungs and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyin Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiande First People’s Hospital, Jiande, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Fang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Geriatric, Zhejiang Aged Care Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Ding
- Department of Geriatric, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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Lee J, Khang D. Mucosal delivery of nanovaccine strategy against COVID-19 and its variants. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:S2211-3835(22)00489-0. [PMID: 36438851 PMCID: PMC9676163 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the global administration of approved COVID-19 vaccines (e.g., ChAdOx1 nCoV-19®, mRNA-1273®, BNT162b2®), the number of infections and fatalities continue to rise at an alarming rate because of the new variants such as Omicron and its subvariants. Including COVID-19 vaccines that are licensed for human use, most of the vaccines that are currently in clinical trials are administered via parenteral route. However, it has been proven that the parenteral vaccines do not induce localized immunity in the upper respiratory mucosal surface, and administration of the currently approved vaccines does not necessarily lead to sterilizing immunity. This further supports the necessity of a mucosal vaccine that blocks the main entrance route of COVID-19: nasal and oral mucosal surfaces. Understanding the mechanism of immune regulation of M cells and dendritic cells and targeting them can be another promising approach for the successful stimulation of the mucosal immune system. This paper reviews the basic mechanisms of the mucosal immunity elicited by mucosal vaccines and summarizes the practical aspects and challenges of nanotechnology-based vaccine platform development, as well as ligand hybrid nanoparticles as potentially effective target delivery agents for mucosal vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwoo Lee
- College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
| | - Dongwoo Khang
- College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
- Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, South Korea
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Han X, Zang D, Liu D, Chen J. The multifaceted roles of common gut microbiota in immune checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis: From mechanism to clinical application. Front Immunol 2022; 13:988849. [PMID: 36189293 PMCID: PMC9515466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the arrival of the era of tumor immunotherapy, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors have benefited countless tumor patients. However, the emergence of Immune-Related Adverse Events, especially Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Mediated Colitis (IMC), has become an important obstacle to immunotherapy. Therefore, it is very important to clarify the mechanism and influencing factors of IMC. The effect of gut microbiota on IMC is gradually becoming a research hotspot. Gut microbiota from different phyla can affect IMC by regulating innate and acquired immunity of tumor patients in various ways. In this review, we make a systematic and comprehensive introduction of the effect of gut microbiota on IMC. Through understanding the specific effects of gut microbiota on IMC, and then exploring the possibility of reducing IMC by regulating gut microbiota.
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Pawlak M, DeTomaso D, Schnell A, Meyer Zu Horste G, Lee Y, Nyman J, Dionne D, Regan BML, Singh V, Delorey T, Schramm MA, Wang C, Wallrapp A, Burkett PR, Riesenfeld SJ, Anderson AC, Regev A, Xavier RJ, Yosef N, Kuchroo VK. Induction of a colitogenic phenotype in Th1-like cells depends on interleukin-23 receptor signaling. Immunity 2022; 55:1663-1679.e6. [PMID: 36070768 PMCID: PMC9808605 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-23 receptor plays a critical role in inducing inflammation and autoimmunity. Here, we report that Th1-like cells differentiated in vitro with IL-12 + IL-21 showed similar IL-23R expression to that of pathogenic Th17 cells using eGFP reporter mice. Fate mapping established that these cells did not transition through a Th17 cell state prior to becoming Th1-like cells, and we observed their emergence in vivo in the T cell adoptive transfer colitis model. Using IL-23R-deficient Th1-like cells, we demonstrated that IL-23R was required for the development of a highly colitogenic phenotype. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of intestinal T cells identified IL-23R-dependent genes in Th1-like cells that differed from those expressed in Th17 cells. The perturbation of one of these regulators (CD160) in Th1-like cells inhibited the induction of colitis. We thus uncouple IL-23R as a purely Th17 cell-specific factor and implicate IL-23R signaling as a pathogenic driver in Th1-like cells inducing tissue inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Pawlak
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David DeTomaso
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and Center for Computational Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Alexandra Schnell
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Gerd Meyer Zu Horste
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Youjin Lee
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jackson Nyman
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Danielle Dionne
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Brianna M L Regan
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vasundhara Singh
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Toni Delorey
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Markus A Schramm
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Antonia Wallrapp
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Patrick R Burkett
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Samantha J Riesenfeld
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Aviv Regev
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, MGH, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Nir Yosef
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences and Center for Computational Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Systems Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
| | - Vijay K Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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Inflammation triggers ILC3 patrolling of the intestinal barrier. Nat Immunol 2022; 23:1317-1323. [PMID: 35999393 PMCID: PMC9477741 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-022-01284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An orchestrated cellular network, including adaptive lymphocytes and group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), maintains intestinal barrier integrity and homeostasis. T cells can monitor environmental insults through constitutive circulation, scanning tissues and forming immunological contacts, a process named immunosurveillance. In contrast, the dynamics of intestinal ILC3s are unknown. Using intravital imaging, we observed that villus ILC3s were largely immotile at steady state but acquired migratory ‘patrolling’ attributes and enhanced cytokine expression in response to inflammation. We showed that T cells, the chemokine CCL25 and bacterial ligands regulated intestinal ILC3 behavior and that loss of patrolling behavior by interleukin-22 (IL-22)-producing ILC3s altered the intestinal barrier through increased epithelial cell death. Collectively, we identified notable differences between the behavior of ILC3s and T cells, with a prominent adaptation of intestinal ILC3s toward mucosal immunosurveillance after inflammation. Serafini and colleagues show that intestinal villus ILC3s, which are largely immotile at steady state, develop a patrolling behavior in response to inflammation.
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Wen Y, Feng S, Dai H, Mao M, Zhou Z, Li B, Wang C, Cai X, Li S, Yang J, Ren Q, Sun J. Intestinal dysbacteriosis-propelled T helper 17 cells activation mediate the perioperative neurocognitive disorder induced by anesthesia/surgery in aged rats. Neurosci Lett 2022; 783:136741. [PMID: 35716962 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) is a common postoperative disease in elderly patients, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. METHODS Exploratory laparotomy was performed to establish PND model under sevoflurane anesthesia. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing was used to detect the changes of intestinal flora. Antibiotics were used to relatively eliminate intestinal flora before anesthesia/surgery, and behavior tests, such as open field, Y maze, and fear conditioning tests were applied to detect the changes of memory ability. The number of Th17 cells and Foxp3 cells was detected by flow cytometry in the Peyer's patches (PP), mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), blood and brain. Western blot was used to detect the expression of IL17, IL17RA, IL6 and IL10 in the hippocampus. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of IL17, IL17R and IBA1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule1) in the hippocampus. RESULTS Anesthesia/surgery caused intestinal flora imbalance and induced neurocognitive impairment, increased the number of Th17 cells in the PP, MLN, blood and brain, increased the level of IL17, IL17R and inflammatory factors production in the hippocampus. Antibiotics administration before anesthesia/surgery significantly decreased the number of Th17 cells and the level of IL17, IL17R and inflammatory factors production, and improved the memory function. In addition, we found that IL17R was co-labeled with IBA1 in a large amount in the hippocampus through immunofluorescence double-staining. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that intestinal dysbacteriosis-propelled T helper 17 cells activation and IL17 secretion might play an important role in the pathogenesis of PND induced by anesthesia/surgery in aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
| | - Shanwu Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
| | - Meng Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
| | - Zhenhui Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Chaoran Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
| | - Xuechun Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, China
| | - Shuming Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Jiaojiao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Quan Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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Boonpattanaporn N, Kongkaew T, Sengprasert P, Souter MNT, Lakananurak N, Rerknimitr R, Corbett AJ, Reantragoon R. Human mucosal Vα7.2 + CD161 hi T cell distribution at physiologic state and in Helicobacter pylori infection. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:717-732. [PMID: 35704477 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4a0421-223rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like, unconventional T cells that are present in peripheral blood and mucosal surfaces. A clear understanding of how MAIT cells in the mucosae function and their role in host immunity is still lacking. Therefore, our aim was to investigate MAIT cell distribution and their characteristics in the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal tissue based on Vα7.2+ CD161hi identification. We showed that Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells are present in both intraepithelial layer and lamina propriae of the GI mucosa, but have different abundance at each GI site. Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells were most abundant in the duodenum, but had the lowest reactivity to MR1-5-OP-RU tetramers when compared with Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells at other GI tissue sites. Striking discrepancies between MR1-5-OP-RU tetramer reactive cells and Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells were observed along each GI tissue sites. Vα7.2+ CD161hi TCR repertoire was most diverse in the ileum. Similar dominant profiles of TRBV usage were observed among peripheral blood, duodenum, ileum, and colon. Some TRBV chains were detected at certain intestinal sites and not elsewhere. The frequency of peripheral blood Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells correlated with mucosal Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells in lamina propriae ileum and lamina propriae colon. The frequency of peripheral blood Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells in Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals was significantly lower than uninfected individuals, but this was not observed with gastric Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells. This study illustrates the biology of Vα7.2+ CD161hi T cells in the GI mucosa and provides a basis for understanding MAIT cells in the mucosa and MAIT-related GI diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norasate Boonpattanaporn
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thidarat Kongkaew
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panjana Sengprasert
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Michael N T Souter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Narisorn Lakananurak
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alexandra J Corbett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rangsima Reantragoon
- Immunology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Center of Excellence in Skeletal Disorders and Enzyme Reaction Mechanism, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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10
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Li Y, Ma Y, Jin Y, Peng X, Wang X, Zhang P, Liu P, Liang C, Yang Q. Porcine intraepithelial lymphocytes undergo migration and produce an antiviral response following intestinal virus infection. Commun Biol 2022; 5:252. [PMID: 35318455 PMCID: PMC8941121 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03205-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The location of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) between epithelial cells provide a first line of immune defense against enteric infection. It is assumed that IELs migrate only along the basement membrane or into the lateral intercellular space (LIS) between epithelial cells. Here, we identify a unique transepithelial migration of porcine IELs as they move to the free surface of the intestinal epithelia. The major causative agent of neonatal diarrhea in piglets, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), increases the number of IELs entering the LIS and free surface of the intestinal epithelia, driven by chemokine CCL2 secreted from virus-infected intestinal epithelial cells. Remarkably, only virus pre-activated IELs inhibits PEDV infection and their antiviral activity depends on the further activation by virus-infected cells. Although high levels of perforin is detected in the co-culture system, the antiviral function of activated IELs is mainly mediated by IFN-γ secretion inducing robust antiviral response in virus-infected cells. Our results uncover a unique migratory behavior of porcine IELs as well as their protective role in the defense against intestinal infection. When piglets are infected with intestinal virus, porcine intraepithelial lymphocytes undergo intra-and trans-epithelial migration promoted by chemokines from infected epithelial cells and produce an antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Yichao Ma
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Yuxin Jin
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Xuebin Peng
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Xiuyu Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Penghao Zhang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Chun Liang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, college of veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, PR China.
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11
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Govers C, Calder PC, Savelkoul HFJ, Albers R, van Neerven RJJ. Ingestion, Immunity, and Infection: Nutrition and Viral Respiratory Tract Infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:841532. [PMID: 35296080 PMCID: PMC8918570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections place a heavy burden on the health care system, particularly in the winter months. Individuals with a vulnerable immune system, such as very young children and the elderly, and those with an immune deficiency, are at increased risk of contracting a respiratory infection. Most respiratory infections are relatively mild and affect the upper respiratory tract only, but other infections can be more serious. These can lead to pneumonia and be life-threatening in vulnerable groups. Rather than focus entirely on treating the symptoms of infectious disease, optimizing immune responsiveness to the pathogens causing these infections may help steer towards a more favorable outcome. Nutrition may have a role in such prevention through different immune supporting mechanisms. Nutrition contributes to the normal functioning of the immune system, with various nutrients acting as energy sources and building blocks during the immune response. Many micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) act as regulators of molecular responses of immune cells to infection. It is well described that chronic undernutrition as well as specific micronutrient deficiencies impair many aspects of the immune response and make individuals more susceptible to infectious diseases, especially in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. In addition, other dietary components such as proteins, pre-, pro- and synbiotics, and also animal- and plant-derived bioactive components can further support the immune system. Both the innate and adaptive defense systems contribute to active antiviral respiratory tract immunity. The initial response to viral airway infections is through recognition by the innate immune system of viral components leading to activation of adaptive immune cells in the form of cytotoxic T cells, the production of neutralizing antibodies and the induction of memory T and B cell responses. The aim of this review is to describe the effects of a range different dietary components on anti-infective innate as well as adaptive immune responses and to propose mechanisms by which they may interact with the immune system in the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coen Govers
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Philip C. Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Huub F. J. Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - R. J. Joost van Neerven
- Cell Biology and Immunology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Research & Development, FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, Netherlands
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12
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Maioli TU, Trindade LM, Souza A, Torres L, Andrade MER, Cardoso VN, Generoso SV. Non-pharmacologic strategies for the management of intestinal inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112414. [PMID: 34808552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, and mucositis are characterized by intestinal inflammation, but vary according to their pathological mechanisms, severity, location, and etiology. Significant intestinal inflammation that occurs in these diseases induces weight loss, nutritional depletion, and gastrointestinal tract dysfunction. Nutritional support is important in alleviating symptoms and improving patients' quality of life. In this review, we summarize some nutritional components used to manage intestinal disorders. These include fatty acids, probiotics, parabiotics, postbiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and low FODMAP (LFD) diets. These components and LFD diets have been studied and clinical trials have been designed to develop new strategies to alleviate intestinal inflammation and improve the quality of life. Clinical trials on their use in intestinal inflammation do not allow firm conclusions to be drawn mainly because of the heterogeneity of the dose used and the study design or their inconclusive results. However, in the majority of cases, the use of omega-3, probiotics, parabiotics, postbiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and LFD improve the health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiani Uceli Maioli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luísa Martins Trindade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Aline Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lícia Torres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Simone Vasconcelos Generoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição e Saúde, Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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13
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Hwang SH, Woo JS, Moon J, Yang S, Park JS, Lee J, Choi J, Lee KH, Kwok SK, Park SH, Cho ML. IL-17 and CCR9 +α4β7 - Th17 Cells Promote Salivary Gland Inflammation, Dysfunction, and Cell Death in Sjögren's Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:721453. [PMID: 34539657 PMCID: PMC8440850 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.721453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have evaluated the roles of T and B cells in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS); however, their relationships with age-dependent and metabolic abnormalities remain unclear. We examined the impacts of changes associated with aging or metabolic abnormalities on populations of T and B cells and SS disease severity. We detected increased populations of IL-17-producing T and B cells, which regulate inflammation, in the salivary glands of NOD/ShiLtJ mice. Inflammation-induced human submandibular gland cell death, determined based on p-MLKL and RIPK3 expression levels, was significantly increased by IL-17 treatment. Among IL-17-expressing cells in the salivary gland, peripheral blood, and spleen, the α4β7 (gut-homing integrin)-negative population was significantly increased in aged NOD/ShiLtJ mice. The α4β7-positive population markedly increased in the intestines of aged NOD/ShiLtJ mice following retinoic acid (RA) treatment. A significant increase in α4β7-negative IL-17-expressing cells in salivary glands may be involved in the onset and progression of SS. These results suggest the potential therapeutic utility of RA in SS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hee Hwang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Woo
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Moon
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - SeungCheon Yang
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sil Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - JaeSeon Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - JeongWon Choi
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kun Hee Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Divison of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Divison of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medical Lifescience, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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14
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Sano T, Kageyama T, Fang V, Kedmi R, Martinez CS, Talbot J, Chen A, Cabrera I, Gorshko O, Kurakake R, Yang Y, Ng C, Schwab SR, Littman DR. Redundant cytokine requirement for intestinal microbiota-induced Th17 cell differentiation in draining lymph nodes. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109608. [PMID: 34433045 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of intestinal T helper 17 (Th17) cells, which contribute to mucosal barrier protection from invasive pathogens, is dependent on colonization with distinct commensal bacteria. Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are sufficient to support Th17 cell differentiation in mouse, but the molecular and cellular requirements for this process remain incompletely characterized. Here, we show that intestine-draining mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), not intestine proper, are the dominant site of SFB-induced intestinal Th17 cell differentiation. Subsequent migration of these cells to the intestinal lamina propria is dependent on their upregulation of integrin β7. Stat3-dependent induction of RORγt, the Th17 cell-specifying transcription factor, largely depends on IL-6, but signaling through the receptors for IL-21 and IL-23 can compensate for absence of IL-6 to promote SFB-directed Th17 cell differentiation. These results indicate that redundant cytokine signals guide commensal microbe-dependent Th17 cell differentiation in the MLNs and accumulation of the cells in the lamina propria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruyuki Sano
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Takahiro Kageyama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Victoria Fang
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ranit Kedmi
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Carlos Serafin Martinez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jhimmy Talbot
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Alessandra Chen
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ivan Cabrera
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Oleksandra Gorshko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Reina Kurakake
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Yi Yang
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Charles Ng
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Susan R Schwab
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dan R Littman
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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15
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Picard M, Yonekura S, Slowicka K, Petta I, Rauber C, Routy B, Richard C, Iebba V, Tidjani Alou M, Becharef S, Ly P, Pizzato E, Lehmann CHK, Amon L, Klein C, Opolon P, Gomperts Boneca I, Scoazec JY, Hollebecque A, Malka D, Ghiringhelli F, Dudziak D, Berx G, Vereecke L, van Loo G, Kroemer G, Zitvogel L, Roberti MP. Ileal immune tonus is a prognosis marker of proximal colon cancer in mice and patients. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:1532-1547. [PMID: 33262469 PMCID: PMC8167112 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00684-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ileal epithelial cell apoptosis and the local microbiota modulate the effects of oxaliplatin against proximal colon cancer by modulating tumor immunosurveillance. Here, we identified an ileal immune profile associated with the prognosis of colon cancer and responses to chemotherapy. The whole immune ileal transcriptome was upregulated in poor-prognosis patients with proximal colon cancer, while the colonic immunity of healthy and neoplastic areas was downregulated (except for the Th17 fingerprint) in such patients. Similar observations were made across experimental models of implanted and spontaneous murine colon cancer, showing a relationship between carcinogenesis and ileal inflammation. Conversely, oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy could restore a favorable, attenuated ileal immune fingerprint in responders. These results suggest that chemotherapy inversely shapes the immune profile of the ileum-tumor axis, influencing clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Picard
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Institut Pasteur, Unit Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France
- INSERM, Equipe Avenir, Paris, France
| | - Satoru Yonekura
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
| | - Karolina Slowicka
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ioanna Petta
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Conrad Rauber
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
| | - Bertrand Routy
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
| | - Corentin Richard
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Plateform Transfer in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
| | - Valerio Iebba
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maryam Tidjani Alou
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Sonia Becharef
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Ly
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Eugenie Pizzato
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Christian H K Lehmann
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lukas Amon
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christophe Klein
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Paule Opolon
- Departement de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Ivo Gomperts Boneca
- Institut Pasteur, Unit Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France
- INSERM, Equipe Avenir, Paris, France
- CNRS UMR2001, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Scoazec
- Departement de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Antoine Hollebecque
- Departement de Médicine Oncologique, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - David Malka
- Departement de Médicine Oncologique, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Center GF Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Plateform Transfer in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Geert Berx
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lars Vereecke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert van Loo
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de, Paris, France
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre cedex, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France
| | - Maria Paula Roberti
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Equipe Labellisée-Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (CICBT) 1428, Villejuif, France.
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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16
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Hong T, Wang R, Wang X, Yang S, Wang W, Gao Q, Zhang X. Interplay Between the Intestinal Microbiota and Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Experimental Evidence and Clinical Significance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:644982. [PMID: 33815399 PMCID: PMC8010685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.644982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for many hematological disorders and autoimmune diseases, but acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) has remained a major obstacle that limits allo-HSCT and exhibits a daunting mortality rate. The gastrointestinal system is among the most common sites affected by aGVHD. Experimental advances in the field of intestinal microbiota research enhanced our understanding - not only of the quantity and diversity of intestinal microbiota - but also their association with homeostasis of the immune system and disease pathogenesis, including that of aGVHD. Meanwhile, ever-growing clinical evidence suggest that the intestinal microbiota is dysregulated in patients who develop aGVHD and that the imbalance may affect clinical outcomes, indicating a potential predictive role for microbiota dysregulation in aGVHD severity and prognosis. The current animal and human studies investigating the intestinal microbiota in aGVHD and the understanding of the influence and management of the microbiota in the clinic are reviewed herein. Taken together, monitoring and remodeling the intestinal microecology following allo-HSCT may provide us with promising avenues for diagnosing, preventing or treating aGVHD in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hong
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Weihao Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiangguo Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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17
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Koscsó B, Kurapati S, Rodrigues RR, Nedjic J, Gowda K, Shin C, Soni C, Ashraf AZ, Purushothaman I, Palisoc M, Xu S, Sun H, Chodisetti SB, Lin E, Mack M, Kawasawa YI, He P, Rahman ZSM, Aifantis I, Shulzhenko N, Morgun A, Bogunovic M. Gut-resident CX3CR1 hi macrophages induce tertiary lymphoid structures and IgA response in situ. Sci Immunol 2020; 5:5/46/eaax0062. [PMID: 32276965 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aax0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) are composed of heterogeneous dendritic cell (DC) and macrophage subsets necessary for the initiation of immune response and control of inflammation. Although MPs in the normal intestine have been extensively studied, the heterogeneity and function of inflammatory MPs remain poorly defined. We performed phenotypical, transcriptional, and functional analyses of inflammatory MPs in infectious Salmonella colitis and identified CX3CR1+ MPs as the most prevalent inflammatory cell type. CX3CR1+ MPs were further divided into three distinct populations, namely, Nos2 +CX3CR1lo, Ccr7 +CX3CR1int (lymph migratory), and Cxcl13 +CX3CR1hi (mucosa resident), all of which were transcriptionally aligned with macrophages and derived from monocytes. In follow-up experiments in vivo, intestinal CX3CR1+ macrophages were superior to conventional DC1 (cDC1) and cDC2 in inducing Salmonella-specific mucosal IgA. We next examined spatial organization of the immune response induced by CX3CR1+ macrophage subsets and identified mucosa-resident Cxcl13 +CX3CR1hi macrophages as the antigen-presenting cells responsible for recruitment and activation of CD4+ T and B cells to the sites of Salmonella invasion, followed by tertiary lymphoid structure formation and the local pathogen-specific IgA response. Using mice we developed with a floxed Ccr7 allele, we showed that this local IgA response developed independently of migration of the Ccr7 +CX3CR1int population to the mesenteric lymph nodes and contributed to the total mucosal IgA response to infection. The differential activity of intestinal macrophage subsets in promoting mucosal IgA responses should be considered in the development of vaccines to prevent Salmonella infection and in the design of anti-inflammatory therapies aimed at modulating macrophage function in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Koscsó
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sravya Kurapati
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Biomedical Sciences PhD Program, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | | | - Jelena Nedjic
- Department of Pathology and Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kavitha Gowda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Changsik Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Chetna Soni
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Azree Zaffran Ashraf
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Indira Purushothaman
- PhD Program in Anatomy at Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Maryknoll Palisoc
- MD/PhD Medical Scientist Training Program, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sulei Xu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sathi Babu Chodisetti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Eugene Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Mack
- Department of Internal Medicine/Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Yuka Imamura Kawasawa
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Personalized Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Pingnian He
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Ziaur S M Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology and Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Andrey Morgun
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Milena Bogunovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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18
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Kim TK, Lee JC, Im SH, Lee MS. Amelioration of Autoimmune Diabetes of NOD Mice by Immunomodulating Probiotics. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1832. [PMID: 33013834 PMCID: PMC7496355 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 autoimmune diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by specific destruction of pancreatic β-cells producing insulin. Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota and immunity are closely linked to systemic immunity, affecting the balance between pro-inflammatory and regulatory immune responses. Altered gut microbiota may be causally related to the development of immune-mediated diseases, and probiotics have been suggested to have modulatory effects on inflammatory diseases and immune disorders. We studied whether a probiotic combination that has immunomodulatory effects on several inflammatory diseases can reduce the incidence of diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, a classical animal model of human T1D. When Immune Regulation and Tolerance 5 (IRT5), a probiotic combination comprising Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium bifidium, and Streptococcus thermophiles, was administered 6 times a week for 36 weeks to NOD mice, beginning at 4 weeks of age, the incidence of diabetes was significantly reduced. Insulitis score was also significantly reduced, and β-cell mass was conversely increased by IRT5 administration. IRT5 administration significantly reduced gut permeability in NOD mice. The proportion of total regulatory T cells was not changed by IRT5 administration; however, the proportion of CCR9+ regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing gut-homing receptor was significantly increased in pancreatic lymph nodes (PLNs) and lamina propria of the small intestine (SI-LP). Type 1 T helper (Th1) skewing was reduced in PLNs by IRT5 administration. IRT5 could be a candidate for an effective probiotic combination, which can be safely administered to inhibit or prevent type 1 diabetes (T1D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kang Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Sin-Hyeog Im
- ImmunoBiome. Inc., Pohang, South Korea.,Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Myung-Shik Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Exosomal regulation of lymphocyte homing to the gut. Blood Adv 2020; 3:1-11. [PMID: 30591532 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018024877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes secreted from T cells have been shown to affect dendritic cells, cancer cells, and other T cells. However, little is known about how T-cell exosomes (T exosomes) modulate endothelial cell functions in the context of tissue-specific homing. Here, we study the roles of T exosomes in the regulation of gut-specific T-cell homing. The gut-tropic T cells induced by retinoic acid secrete the exosomes that upregulate integrin α4β7 binding to the MAdCAM-1 expressed on high endothelial venules in the gut. T exosomes were preferentially distributed to the villi of the small intestine in an α4β7-dependent manner. Exosomes from gut-tropic T cells suppressed the expression of MAdCAM-1 in the small intestine, thereby inhibiting T-cell homing to the gut. Moreover, microRNA (miRNA) profiling analysis has shown that exosomes from gut-tropic T cells were enriched with miRNAs targeting NKX2.3, a transcription factor critical to MAdCAM-1 expression. Taken together, our study proposes that α4β7-expressing T exosomes distribute themselves to the small intestine and modify the expression of microenvironmental tissues such that any subsequent lymphocyte homing is precluded. This may represent a novel mechanism by which excessive lymphocyte homing to the intestinal tissues is downsized.
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20
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Anatomical Uniqueness of the Mucosal Immune System (GALT, NALT, iBALT) for the Induction and Regulation of Mucosal Immunity and Tolerance. MUCOSAL VACCINES 2020. [PMCID: PMC7149644 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811924-2.00002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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21
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Trivett MT, Burke JD, Deleage C, Coren LV, Hill BJ, Jain S, Barsov EV, Breed MW, Kramer JA, Del Prete GQ, Lifson JD, Swanstrom AE, Ott DE. Preferential Small Intestine Homing and Persistence of CD8 T Cells in Rhesus Macaques Achieved by Molecularly Engineered Expression of CCR9 and Reduced Ex Vivo Manipulation. J Virol 2019; 93:e00896-19. [PMID: 31434738 PMCID: PMC6803279 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00896-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) is a powerful experimental approach to directly study T-cell-mediated immunity in vivo In the rhesus macaque AIDS virus model, infusing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected animals with CD8 T cells engineered to express anti-SIV T-cell receptor specificities enables direct experimentation to better understand antiviral T-cell immunity in vivo Limiting factors in ACT experiments include suboptimal trafficking to, and poor persistence in, the secondary lymphoid tissues targeted by AIDS viruses. Previously, we redirected CD8 T cells to B-cell follicles by ectopic expression of the CXCR5 homing protein. Here, we modify peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived CD8 T cells to express the CCR9 chemokine receptor, which induces preferential homing of the engineered cells to the small intestine, a site of intense early AIDS virus replication and pathology in rhesus macaques. Additionally, we increase in vivo persistence and overall systemic distribution of infused CD8 T cells, especially in secondary lymphoid tissues, by minimizing ex vivo culture/manipulation, thereby avoiding the loss of CD28+/CD95+ central memory T cells by differentiation in culture. These proof-of-principle results establish the feasibility of preferentially localizing PBMC-derived CD8 T cells to the small intestine and enables the direct experimental ACT-based assessment of the potential role of the quality and timing of effective antiviral CD8 T-cell responses to inhibit viral infection and subsequent replication in small intestine CD4 T cells. More broadly, these results support the engineered expression of homing proteins to direct CD8 T cells to target tissues as a means for both experimental and potential therapeutic advances in T-cell immunotherapies, including cancer.IMPORTANCEAdoptive cell transfer (ACT) of T cells engineered with antigen-specific effector properties can deliver targeted immune responses against malignancies and infectious diseases. Current T-cell-based therapeutic ACT relies on circulatory distribution to deliver engineered T cells to their targets, an approach which has proven effective for some leukemias but provided only limited efficacy against solid tumors. Here, engineered expression of the CCR9 homing receptor redirected CD8 T cells to the small intestine in rhesus macaque ACT experiments. Targeted homing of engineered T-cell immunotherapies holds promise to increase the effectiveness of adoptively transferred cells in both experimental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Trivett
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - James D Burke
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Claire Deleage
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Lori V Coren
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Brenna J Hill
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Sumiti Jain
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Eugene V Barsov
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew W Breed
- Laboratory Animal Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua A Kramer
- Laboratory Animal Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory Q Del Prete
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Adrienne E Swanstrom
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - David E Ott
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
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22
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T Cell Recruitment to the Intestinal Stem Cell Compartment Drives Immune-Mediated Intestinal Damage after Allogeneic Transplantation. Immunity 2019; 51:90-103.e3. [PMID: 31278057 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The key sites within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract where T cells mediate effector responses and the impact of these responses on intestinal stem cells (ISCs) remain unclear. Using experimental bone marrow transplantation to model immune-mediated GI damage and 3D imaging to analyze T cell localization, we found that the ISC compartment is the primary intestinal site targeted by T cells after transplantation. Recruitment to the crypt base region resulted in direct T cell engagement with the stem cell compartment and loss of crypt base columnar ISCs, which expressed both MHC classes I and II. Vasculature expressing the adhesion molecule MAdCAM-1 clustered near the crypt base, preferentially regulating crypt compartment invasion and ISC reduction without affecting T cell migration to villi. These findings indicate that allogeneic T cells rapidly access the stem cell niche after transplantation, and this targeted recruitment to the stem cell compartment results in ISC loss during immune-mediated GI damage.
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23
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Sasaki T, Moro K, Kubota T, Kubota N, Kato T, Ohno H, Nakae S, Saito H, Koyasu S. Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Induction of Obesity. Cell Rep 2019; 28:202-217.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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24
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Cantorna MT, Rogers CJ, Arora J. Aligning the Paradoxical Role of Vitamin D in Gastrointestinal Immunity. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:459-466. [PMID: 31122825 PMCID: PMC6588413 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disorder characterized by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract and an immune-mediated attack against the commensal microbiota. Vitamin D is an essential vitamin that not only promotes calcium and phosphate absorption but also regulates immune function. The active form of vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D] has been shown to suppress symptoms of IBD by inhibiting T cell responses. Host protection from gastrointestinal infection depends on T cells. Paradoxically, vitamin D deficiency increases susceptibility to IBD and gastrointestinal infection. Here we review the roles of vitamin D in immune cells using a kinetic model of the vitamin D-mediated effects on infection to explain the sometimes paradoxical effects of vitamin D on gastrointestinal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita T Cantorna
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Connie J Rogers
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Juhi Arora
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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25
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Van Kaer L, Olivares-Villagómez D. Development, Homeostasis, and Functions of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 200:2235-2244. [PMID: 29555677 PMCID: PMC5863587 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The intestine is continuously exposed to commensal microorganisms, food, and environmental agents and also serves as a major portal of entry for many pathogens. A critical defense mechanism against microbial invasion in the intestine is the single layer of epithelial cells that separates the gut lumen from the underlying tissues. The barrier function of the intestinal epithelium is supported by cells and soluble factors of the intestinal immune system. Chief among them are intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIELs), which are embedded in the intestinal epithelium and represent one of the single largest populations of lymphocytes in the body. Compared with lymphocytes in other parts of the body, iIELs exhibit unique phenotypic, developmental, and functional properties that reflect their key roles in maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier. In this article, we review the biology of iIELs in supporting normal health and how their dysregulation can contribute to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Van Kaer
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Danyvid Olivares-Villagómez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232
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26
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T-cell trafficking plays an essential role in tumor immunity. J Transl Med 2019; 99:85-92. [PMID: 30353131 PMCID: PMC6309214 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-018-0124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinct populations of effector memory T cells use different homing receptors to traffic to the skin and gut. Whether tissue-selective T cells are needed for early rejection of a neoplasm growing in these tissues remains an open question. We chose to study an allogeneic tumor model because growth of such a fully mismatched tumor would signify a profound immune deficit. We implanted allogeneic tumor cells in the skin or gut of mice deficient in either α(1,3) fucosyltransferases IV and VII, enzymes critical for generating E-selectin ligands on skin-homing T cells, or β7 integrin, a component of the α4β7 integrin ligand for the mucosal adressin MAdCAM. During the first 9 days after tumor implantation, FucTVII-/- mice showed a profoundly impaired capacity to reject tumors growing in the skin, but readily rejected tumors implanted in the gut. Rejection of tumors in the skin was even more impaired in mice deficient in both FucTIV and FucTVII. This impairment was corrected by infusion of T cells from normal mice. By contrast, β7 integrin-/- mice showed profoundly impaired rejection of tumors in the gut, but no defect in the skin tumor rejection. These differences were unrelated to antigen recognition or effector function of T cells, since all strains of mice were capable of generating tumor-specific CTLs in vitro against the tumor cell line used in vivo. These results demonstrate that T-cell homing defects in vivo impair immune surveillance of peripheral epithelial tissues in a specific and selective fashion.
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27
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Igaki K, Komoike Y, Nakamura Y, Watanabe T, Yamasaki M, Fleming P, Yang L, Soler D, Fedyk E, Tsuchimori N. MLN3126, an antagonist of the chemokine receptor CCR9, ameliorates inflammation in a T cell mediated mouse colitis model. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 60:160-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Hughes CE, Nibbs RJB. A guide to chemokines and their receptors. FEBS J 2018; 285:2944-2971. [PMID: 29637711 PMCID: PMC6120486 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 737] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The chemokines (or chemotactic cytokines) are a large family of small, secreted proteins that signal through cell surface G protein-coupled heptahelical chemokine receptors. They are best known for their ability to stimulate the migration of cells, most notably white blood cells (leukocytes). Consequently, chemokines play a central role in the development and homeostasis of the immune system, and are involved in all protective or destructive immune and inflammatory responses. Classically viewed as inducers of directed chemotactic migration, it is now clear that chemokines can stimulate a variety of other types of directed and undirected migratory behavior, such as haptotaxis, chemokinesis, and haptokinesis, in addition to inducing cell arrest or adhesion. However, chemokine receptors on leukocytes can do more than just direct migration, and these molecules can also be expressed on, and regulate the biology of, many nonleukocytic cell types. Chemokines are profoundly affected by post-translational modification, by interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM), and by binding to heptahelical 'atypical' chemokine receptors that regulate chemokine localization and abundance. This guide gives a broad overview of the chemokine and chemokine receptor families; summarizes the complex physical interactions that occur in the chemokine network; and, using specific examples, discusses general principles of chemokine function, focusing particularly on their ability to direct leukocyte migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Hughes
- Institute of Infection, Inflammation & Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Robert J B Nibbs
- Institute of Infection, Inflammation & Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
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29
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Narita N, Morohashi A, Tohyama K, Takeuchi T, Tagawa Y, Kondo T, Asahi S. Mechanism for Covalent Binding of MLN3126, an Oral Chemokine C-C Motif Receptor 9 Antagonist, to Serum Albumins. Drug Metab Dispos 2018; 46:204-213. [PMID: 29269409 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.078782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
N-{4-Chloro-2-[(1-oxidopyridin-4-yl)carbonyl]phenyl}-4-(propan-2-yloxy)benzenesulfonamide (MLN3126) is an orally available chemokine C-C motif receptor 9 selective antagonist. In nonclinical pharmacokinetic studies of MLN3126, nonextractable radioactivity was observed in plasma after oral administration of 14C-labeled MLN3126 ([14C]MLN3126) to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In this study, the nonextractable radioactive component was digested with trypsin or a nonspecific protease, pronase, after chemical reduction to obtain drug-peptide adducts or drug-amino acid adducts. The chemical structure of these adducts was characterized by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The results demonstrated that the major part of the nonextractable radioactivity was accounted for by covalent binding via the Schiff base formed specifically between the ε-amino group of lysine residue 199 in rat serum albumin and the carbonyl group of MLN3126. The half-life (t1/2) of the total radioactivity in plasma during and after 21 daily multiple oral administrations of [14C]MLN3126 to SD rats was approximately 5-fold shorter than the reported t1/2 of albumin in rats. The data indicated that the covalent binding was reversible under physiologic conditions. The formation of the covalent binding was also confirmed in in vitro incubations with serum albumins from rats, humans, and dogs in the same manner, indicating that there are no qualitative interspecies differences in the formation of the Schiff base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Narita
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan (N.N., A.M., K.T., T.T., Y.T., S.A.); and Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Akio Morohashi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan (N.N., A.M., K.T., T.T., Y.T., S.A.); and Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Kimio Tohyama
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan (N.N., A.M., K.T., T.T., Y.T., S.A.); and Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Toshiyuki Takeuchi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan (N.N., A.M., K.T., T.T., Y.T., S.A.); and Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Yoshihiko Tagawa
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan (N.N., A.M., K.T., T.T., Y.T., S.A.); and Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Takahiro Kondo
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan (N.N., A.M., K.T., T.T., Y.T., S.A.); and Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan (T.K.)
| | - Satoru Asahi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan (N.N., A.M., K.T., T.T., Y.T., S.A.); and Analytical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan (T.K.)
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30
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Bernardo D, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP. Human Intestinal Dendritic Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700931. [PMID: 29336524 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a serious, costly, and persistent health problem with an estimated prevalence in Western countries around 0.5% of the general population; its socioeconomic impact is comparable with that for chronic diseases such as diabetes. Conventional treatment involves escalating drug regimens with concomitant side effects followed, in some cases, by surgical interventions, which are often multiple, mainly in Crohn's disease. The goal of finding a targeted gut-specific immunotherapy for IBD patients is therefore an important unmet need. However, to achieve this goal we first must understand how dendritic cells (DC), the most potent antigen present cells of the immune system, control the immune tolerance in the gastrointestinal tract and how their properties are altered in those patients suffering from IBD. In this review, we summarize the current available information regarding human intestinal DC subsets composition, phenotype, and function in the human gastrointestinal tract describing how, in the IBD mucosa, DC display pro-inflammatory properties, which drive disease progression. A better understanding of the mechanisms inducing DC abnormal profile in IBD may provide us with novel tools to perform tissue specific immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bernardo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Chaparro
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
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31
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Mencarelli A, Vacca M, Khameneh HJ, Acerbi E, Tay A, Zolezzi F, Poidinger M, Mortellaro A. Calcineurin B in CD4 + T Cells Prevents Autoimmune Colitis by Negatively Regulating the JAK/STAT Pathway. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29515579 PMCID: PMC5826051 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin (Cn) is a protein phosphatase that regulates the activation of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors, which are key regulators of T-cell development and function. Here, we generated a conditional Cnb1 mouse model in which Cnb1 was specifically deleted in CD4+ T cells (Cnb1CD4 mice) to delineate the role of the Cn–NFAT pathway in immune homeostasis of the intestine. The Cnb1CD4 mice developed severe, spontaneous colitis characterized at the molecular level by an increased T helper-1-cell response but an unaltered regulatory T-cell compartment. Antibiotic treatment ameliorated the intestinal inflammation observed in Cnb1CD4 mice, suggesting that the microbiota contributes to the onset of colitis. CD4+ T cells isolated from Cnb1CD4 mice produced high levels of IFNγ due to increased activation of the JAK2/STAT4 pathway induced by IL-12. Our data highlight that Cn signaling in CD4+ T cells is critical for intestinal immune homeostasis in part by inhibiting IL-12 responsiveness of CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mencarelli
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maurizio Vacca
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hanif Javanmard Khameneh
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Enzo Acerbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alicia Tay
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Francesca Zolezzi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Poidinger
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alessandra Mortellaro
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Zhiming W, Luman W, Tingting Q, Yiwei C. Chemokines and receptors in intestinal B lymphocytes. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:807-819. [PMID: 29443417 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ru0717-299rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that chemoattractant cytokines (chemokines) and their receptors modulate intestinal B lymphocytes in different ways, including regulating their maturity and differentiation in the bone marrow and homing to intestinal target tissues. Here, we review several important chemokine/chemokine receptor axes that guide intestinal B cells, focusing on the homing and migration of IgA antibody-secreting cells (IgA-ASCs) to intestinal-associated lymphoid tissues. We describe the selective regulation of these chemokine axes in coordinating the IgA-ASC trafficking in intestinal diseases. Finally, we discuss the role of B cells as chemokine producers serving dual roles in regulating the mucosal immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhiming
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Luman
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Tingting
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chu Yiwei
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Biotherapy Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Engelhard VH, Rodriguez AB, Mauldin IS, Woods AN, Peske JD, Slingluff CL. Immune Cell Infiltration and Tertiary Lymphoid Structures as Determinants of Antitumor Immunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:432-442. [PMID: 29311385 PMCID: PMC5777336 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Limited representation of intratumoral immune cells is a major barrier to tumor control. However, simply enhancing immune responses in tumor-draining lymph nodes or through adoptive transfer may not overcome the limited ability of tumor vasculature to support effector infiltration. An alternative is to promote a sustained immune response intratumorally. This idea has gained traction with the observation that many tumors are associated with tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), which organizationally resemble lymph nodes. These peri- and intratumoral structures are usually, but not always, associated with positive prognoses in patients. Preclinical and clinical data support a role for TLS in modulating immunity in the tumor microenvironment. However, there appear to be varied functions of TLS, potentially based on their structure or location in relation to the tumor or the origin or location of the tumor itself. Understanding more about TLS development, composition, and function may offer new therapeutic opportunities to modulate antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H Engelhard
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908;
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Anthony B Rodriguez
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Ileana S Mauldin
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Amber N Woods
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - J David Peske
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908; and
| | - Craig L Slingluff
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
- Department of Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908
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Gut memories do not fade: epigenetic regulation of lasting gut homing receptor expression in CD4 + memory T cells. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:1443-1454. [PMID: 28198363 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The concept of a "topographical memory" in lymphocytes implies a stable expression of homing receptors mediating trafficking of lymphocytes back to the tissue of initial activation. However, a significant plasticity of the gut-homing receptor α4β7 was found in CD8+ T cells, questioning the concept. We now demonstrate that α4β7 expression in murine CD4+ memory T cells is, in contrast, imprinted and remains stable in the absence of the inducing factor retinoic acid (RA) or other stimuli from mucosal environments. Repetitive rounds of RA treatment enhanced the stability of de novo induced α4β7. A novel enhancer element in the murine Itga4 locus was identified that showed, correlating to stability, selective DNA demethylation in mucosa-seeking memory cells and methylation-dependent transcriptional activity in a reporter gene assay. This implies that epigenetic mechanisms contribute to the stabilization of α4β7 expression. Analogous DNA methylation patterns could be observed in the human ITGA4 locus, suggesting that its epigenetic regulation is conserved between mice and men. These data prove that mucosa-specific homing mediated by α4β7 is imprinted in CD4+ memory T cells, reinstating the validity of the concept of "topographical memory" for mucosal tissues, and imply a critical role of epigenetic mechanisms.
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35
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Harnessing Advances in T Regulatory Cell Biology for Cellular Therapy in Transplantation. Transplantation 2017; 101:2277-2287. [PMID: 28376037 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cellular therapy with CD4FOXP3 T regulatory (Treg) cells is a promising strategy to induce tolerance after solid-organ transplantation or prevent graft-versus-host disease after transfer of hematopoietic stem cells. Treg cells currently used in clinical trials are either polyclonal, donor- or antigen-specific. Aside from variations in isolation and expansion protocols, however, most therapeutic Treg cell-based products are much alike. Ongoing basic science work has provided considerable new insight into multiple facets of Treg cell biology, including their stability, homing, and functional specialization; integrating these basic science discoveries with clinical efforts will support the development of next-generation therapeutic Treg cells with enhanced efficacy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in knowledge of how Treg cells home to lymphoid and peripheral tissues, and control antibody production and tissue repair. We also discuss newly appreciated pathways that modulate context-specific Treg cell function and stability. Strategies to improve and tailor Treg cells for cell therapy to induce transplantation tolerance are highlighted.
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36
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Castan L, Magnan A, Bouchaud G. Chemokine receptors in allergic diseases. Allergy 2017; 72:682-690. [PMID: 27864967 DOI: 10.1111/all.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Under homeostatic conditions, as well as in various diseases, leukocyte migration is a crucial issue for the immune system that is mainly organized through the activation of bone marrow-derived cells in various tissues. Immune cell trafficking is orchestrated by a family of small proteins called chemokines. Leukocytes express cell-surface receptors that bind to chemokines and trigger transendothelial migration. Most allergic diseases, such as asthma, rhinitis, food allergies, and atopic dermatitis, are generally classified by the tissue rather than the type of inflammation, making the chemokine/chemokine receptor system a key point of the immune response. Moreover, because small antagonists can easily block such receptors, various molecules have been developed to suppress the recruitment of immune cells during allergic reactions, representing potential new drugs for allergies. We review the chemokines and chemokine receptors that are important in asthma, food allergies, and atopic dermatitis and their respectively developed antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Castan
- INRA; UR1268 BIA; Nantes France
- INSERM; UMR1087; lnstitut du thorax; Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR6291; Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - A. Magnan
- INSERM; UMR1087; lnstitut du thorax; Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR6291; Nantes France
- CHU de Nantes; Service de Pneumologie; Institut du thorax; Nantes France
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Salas-Cuestas F, Bautista-Molano W, Bello-Gualtero JM, Arias I, Castillo DM, Chila-Moreno L, Valle-Oñate R, Herrera D, Romero-Sánchez C. Higher Levels of Secretory IgA Are Associated with Low Disease Activity Index in Patients with Reactive Arthritis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthritis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:476. [PMID: 28496443 PMCID: PMC5406393 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Both reactive arthritis (ReA) and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis (uSpA) belong to the group of autoinflammatory diseases called spondyloarthritis (SpA). Hypotheses have been proposed about a relationship between the intestinal mucosa and inflammation of joint tissues. The role of immunoglobulin IgA or secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in the inflammatory and/or clinical activity of patients with SpA remains poorly understood. Objective To evaluate the status of total IgA and SIgA, and the association among the levels of SIgA, IgA, IgA anti-Chlamydia trachomatis, and anti-Shigella spp. with the disease activity measures, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, was compared in a cohort of patients with ReA and uSpA and healthy subjects. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. The serum concentrations of SIgA, IgA anti-C. trachomatis, anti-Shigella spp., and total IgA were measured. Disease activity was measured in each patient by means of Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS). Statistical analysis did include as bivariate evaluation, comparisons by Student’s t-test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and U Mann–Whitney test, with a multivariate evaluation by principal components analysis (PCA). A correlation analysis was carried out using the Pearson correlation coefficient and a linear regression models. All analysis were made using Stata version 11.2® for Windows, R V3.3.21. Statistical significance was defined a p-value <0.05. Results In all, 46 patients (78.2% men; mean age, 34.8 ± 12.3 years) and 53 controls (41% men; mean age, 32 ± 11.4 years) were included in the study. The mean serum levels of SIgA were higher in SpA patients than in healthy subjects (p < 0.001). Only SIgA levels correlated with disease activity: BASDAI (r = −0.42, p = 0.0046), ASDAS-CRP (r = −0.37, p = 0.014), and ASDAS-ESR (r = −0.45, p = 0.0021). The negative correlation between SIgA and all activity indices was higher in HLA-B27-positive patients (BASDAI r = −0.70, p = 0.0009, ASDAS-CRP r = −0.58, p = 0.0093, and ASDAS-ESR r = −0.57, p = 0.0083). The PCA showed three factors: the first component was constituted by variables referred as clinical activity measures, the second did include the serological activity markers, and the last component was compounded by age and symptoms time. Conclusion Elevated serum levels of SIgA were found to be related with low disease activity in patients with ReA and uSpA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wilson Bautista-Molano
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia.,Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan M Bello-Gualtero
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ivonne Arias
- School of Medicine, Instituto de Genética Humana, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Diana Marcela Castillo
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lorena Chila-Moreno
- Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rafael Valle-Oñate
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Daniel Herrera
- School of Medicine, Instituto de Genética Humana, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Consuelo Romero-Sánchez
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia.,Unit of Oral Basic Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia
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Polyfunctional natural killer cells with a low activation profile in response to Toll-like receptor 3 activation in HIV-1-exposed seronegative subjects. Sci Rep 2017; 7:524. [PMID: 28373665 PMCID: PMC5428831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00637-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are the main mediator of the cytotoxic response in innate immunity and may be involved in resistance to HIV-1 infection in exposed seronegative (ESN) individuals. Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling is crucial for NK cell activation. Here, we investigated the polyfunctional NK cell response to TLR3 activation in serodiscordant couples. ESN subjects showed increased IFN-γ and CD107a expression in both NK subsets, CD56bright and CD56dim cells, in response to stimulation with a TLR3 agonist, while expression was impaired in the HIV-1-infected partners. TLR3-induced expression of IFN-γ, TNF and CD107a by polyfunctional CD56bright NK cells was more pronounced in ESN individuals than that in healthy controls. Activated NK cells, as determined by CD38 expression, were increased only in the HIV-1-infected partners, with reduced IFN-γ and CD107a expression. Moreover, CD38+ NK cells of the HIV-1-infected partners were associated with increased expression of inhibitory molecules, such as NKG2A, PD-1 and Tim-3, while NK cells from ESN subjects showed decreased NKG2A expression. Altogether, these findings indicate that NK cells of ESN individuals were highly responsive to TLR3 activation and had a polyfunctional NK cell phenotype, while the impaired TLR3 response in HIV-1-infected partners was associated with an inhibitory/exhaustion NK cell phenotype.
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Hu LM, Takata K, Miyata-Takata T, Asano N, Takahashi E, Furukawa K, Miyoshi H, Satou A, Kohno K, Kosugi H, Kinoshita T, Hirooka Y, Goto H, Nakamura S, Kato S. Clinicopathological analysis of 12 patients with Epstein-Barr virus-positive primary intestinal T/natural killer-cell lymphoma (EBV + ITNKL). Histopathology 2017; 70:1052-1063. [PMID: 28120384 DOI: 10.1111/his.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Epstein-Barr virus-positive (EBV+ ) intestinal T/natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma (ITNKL) is an uncommon tumour with an extremely aggressive clinical behaviour. However, the clinicopathological characteristics of this tumour, including T cell receptor (TCR) phenotype and the patient's background, remain unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the detailed clinicopathological profile of EBV+ ITNKL. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 12 patients with EBV+ ITNKL without nasal involvement into the study. All patients were characterized by involvement of the small intestine with concurrent lesions of the large intestine in two patients. Seven patients (58%) had Lugano stages IIE/IV disease and eight (67%) were categorized as high-intermediate/high-risk according to the Prognostic Index for PTCL (PIT). Three patients (25%) with an age of onset of less than 50 years had chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV). Five CD56-positive patients (42%) had a poorer prognosis than those without CD56 expression (P = 0.008). NK cell-type lymphoma defined by the absence of any TCR expression or clonal TCR-γ rearrangement was found in six patients (50%). Interestingly, EBV+ intra-epithelial lymphocytosis was observed in one case with a background of CAEBV. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to shed light on the significant heterogeneity of EBV+ ITNKL and its relationship with CAEBV, especially in patients younger than 50 years of age. These observations will provide a guide for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Ming Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Takata
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Miyata-Takata
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoko Asano
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Nagano Prefectural Suzaka Hospital, Suzaka, Japan
| | - Emiko Takahashi
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Katsuya Furukawa
- Department of Hematology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Akira Satou
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kei Kohno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kosugi
- Department of Hematology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kinoshita
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hirooka
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shigeo Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seiichi Kato
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Greis C, Rasuly Z, Janosi RA, Kordelas L, Beelen DW, Liebregts T. Intestinal T lymphocyte homing is associated with gastric emptying and epithelial barrier function in critically ill: a prospective observational study. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2017; 21:70. [PMID: 28327177 PMCID: PMC5361812 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-017-1654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Impaired gastric emptying is common in critically ill patients. Intestinal dysmotility, a major cause of feed intolerance, may foster infectious complications due to mucosal barrier disruption. However, little is known about gut-directed immune activation, intestinal barrier function and its association with impaired gastric emptying in critically ill patients at ICU admission. Methods We conducted a prospective observational study at two tertiary care medical ICUs. Fifty consecutive patients needing invasive mechanical ventilation were recruited within 24 h of ICU admission, prior to any nutritional support. The acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score, the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and the multiple organ dysfunction score (MODS) were used to assess illness severity and multiple organ dysfunction. Gastric emptying was assessed by paracetamol absorption test. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were freshly isolated and cultured for 24 h, and TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 measured in cell culture supernatants and in serum by ELISA. The intestinal epithelial barrier was assessed, quantifying serum concentrations of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), ileal bile-acid binding protein (I-BABP) and zonulin-1 by ELISA. Small bowel homing T lymphocytes (CD4+ α4β7 + CCR9+) were analyzed by flow cytometry. The Mann-Whitney test and Spearman correlation were used in statistical evaluation. Results CD4 + α4β7 + CCR9+ T lymphocytes were inversely correlated with gastric emptying. Patients with delayed gastric emptying at ICU admission (n = 35) had significantly higher serum and PBMC-induced TNF-α and IL-1β and increased intestinal barrier disruption reflected by higher I-FABP, I-BABP and zonulin-1. Patients who died in the ICU had significantly impaired gastric empting at admission compared to ICU survivors. No differences were observed in APACHE II, SOFA or MODS in patients with delayed gastric emptying compared to patients with normal gastric emptying. Conclusions Exaggerated CD4 + α4β7 + CCR9+ T lymphocyte homing with increased pro-inflammatory cytokine release and intestinal epithelial barrier disruption are associated with delayed gastric emptying. This is not simply due to differences in overall severity of illness at ICU admission and may represent a pathophysiological mechanism of gut-directed immune activation leading to impaired barrier function in the critically ill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Greis
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, West German Cancer Center, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Zohal Rasuly
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, West German Cancer Center, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Rolf A Janosi
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lambros Kordelas
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, West German Cancer Center, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Dietrich W Beelen
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, West German Cancer Center, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, 45122, Germany
| | - Tobias Liebregts
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital Essen, West German Cancer Center, Hufelandstr. 55, Essen, 45122, Germany.
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Pharmacologic inhibition of Notch signaling suppresses food antigen–induced mucosal mast cell hyperplasia. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:987-996.e10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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McFarland EJ, Powell TM, Onyango-Makumbi C, Zhang W, Melander K, Naluyima P, Okurut S, Eller MA, Fowler MG, Janoff EN. Ontogeny of CD4+ T Lymphocytes With Phenotypic Susceptibility to HIV-1 During Exclusive and Nonexclusive Breastfeeding in HIV-1-Exposed Ugandan Infants. J Infect Dis 2017; 215:368-377. [PMID: 27932619 PMCID: PMC5722036 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Among infants exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1, mixed breastfeeding is associated with higher postnatal HIV-1 transmission than exclusive breastfeeding, but the mechanisms of this differential risk are uncertain. Methods HIV-1-exposed Ugandan infants were prospectively assessed during the first year of life for feeding practices and T-cell maturation, intestinal homing (β7hi), activation, and HIV-1 coreceptor (CCR5) expression in peripheral blood. Infants receiving only breast milk and those with introduction of other foods before 6 months were categorized as exclusive and nonexclusive, respectively. Results Among CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, the expression of memory, activation, and CCR5 markers increased rapidly from birth to week 2, peaking at week 6, whereas cells expressing the intestinal homing marker increased steadily in the central memory (CM) and effector memory T cells over 48 weeks. At 24 weeks, when feeding practices had diverged, nonexclusively breastfed infants showed increased frequencies and absolute counts of β7hi CM CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, including the HIV-1-targeted cells with CD4+β7hi/CCR5+ coexpression, as well as increased activation. Conclusions The T-cell phenotype associated with susceptibility to HIV-1 infection (CCR5+, gut-homing, CM CD4+ T cells) was preferentially expressed in nonexclusively breastfed infants, a group of infants at increased risk for HIV-1 acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J McFarland
- Departments of Pediatrics
- Mucosal and Vaccine Research Program Colorado, Infectious Diseases. University of Colorado–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | | | | | - Weiming Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health
| | | | | | - Samuel Okurut
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Michael A Eller
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Springs
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda,
| | - Mary Glenn Fowler
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration
| | - Edward N Janoff
- Medicine
- Mucosal and Vaccine Research Program Colorado, Infectious Diseases. University of Colorado–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
- Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Colorado
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Abstract
The identification of conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) and macrophages (mϕ) in the intestinal mucosa has been hampered by the difficulties associated with isolating cells from the intestine and by the fact that overlapping markers have made it complicated to discriminate them accurately from each other and from other intestinal myeloid cells. Here we detail the protocols we have developed to isolate live leukocytes from steady state mouse small and large intestines and describe reliable strategies which can be used to identify bona fide cDCs, monocytes and macrophages in such preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L Scott
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- Inflammation Research Centre (IRC), Laboratory of Immunoregulation, VIB Ghent University, Ghent (Zwijnaarde), 9052, Belgium
| | - Calum C Bain
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, Scotland, UK
| | - Allan McI Mowat
- Centre for Immunobiology, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Veterinary, Medical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
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Stanfield BA, Pahar B, Chouljenko VN, Veazey R, Kousoulas KG. Vaccination of rhesus macaques with the live-attenuated HSV-1 vaccine VC2 stimulates the proliferation of mucosal T cells and germinal center responses resulting in sustained production of highly neutralizing antibodies. Vaccine 2016; 35:536-543. [PMID: 28017425 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We have shown that the live-attenuated HSV-1 VC2 vaccine strain with mutations in glycoprotein K (gK) and the membrane protein UL20 is unable to establish latency in vaccinated animals and produces a robust immune response capable of completely protecting mice against lethal vaginal HSV-1 or HSV-2 infections. To better understand the immune response generated by vaccination with VC2, we tested its ability to elicit immune responses in rhesus macaques. Vaccinated animals showed no signs of disease and developed increasing HSV-1 and HSV-2 reactive IgG1 after two booster vaccinations, while IgG subtypes IgG2 and IgG3 remained at low to undetectable levels. All vaccinated animals produced high levels of cross protective neutralizing antibodies. Flow cytometry analysis of cells isolated from draining lymph nodes showed that VC2 vaccination stimulated significant increases in plasmablast (CD27highCD38high) and mature memory (CD21-IgM-) B cells. T cell analysis on cells isolated from draining lymph node biopsies demonstrated a statistically significant increase in proliferating (Ki67+) follicular T helper cells and regulatory CXCR5+ CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. Analysis of plasma isolated two weeks post vaccination showed significant increases in circulating CXCL13 indicating increased germinal center activity. Cells isolated from vaginal biopsy samples collected over the course of the study exhibited vaccination-dependent increases in proliferating (Ki67+) CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations. These results suggest that intramuscular vaccination with the live-attenuated HSV-1 VC2 vaccine strain can stimulate robust IgG1 antibody responses that persist for >250days post vaccination. In addition, vaccination lead to the maturation of B cells into plasmablast and mature memory B cells, the expansion of follicular T helper cells, and affects in the mucosal immune responses. These data suggest that the HSV VC2 vaccine induces potent immune responses that could help define correlates of protection towards developing an efficacious HSV-1/HSV-2 vaccine in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent A Stanfield
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences and Division of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Bapi Pahar
- Department of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA 70433, United States
| | - Vladimir N Chouljenko
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences and Division of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Ronald Veazey
- Department of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA 70433, United States
| | - Konstantin G Kousoulas
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences and Division of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States.
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45
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Lacalle RA, Blanco R, Carmona-Rodríguez L, Martín-Leal A, Mira E, Mañes S. Chemokine Receptor Signaling and the Hallmarks of Cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 331:181-244. [PMID: 28325212 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The chemokines are a family of chemotactic cytokines that mediate their activity by acting on seven-transmembrane-spanning G protein-coupled receptors. Both the ability of the chemokines and their receptors to form homo- and heterodimers and the promiscuity of the chemokine-chemokine receptor interaction endow this protein family with enormous signaling plasticity and complexity that are not fully understood at present. Chemokines were initially identified as essential regulators of homeostatic and inflammatory trafficking of innate and adaptive leucocytes from lymphoid organs to tissues. Chemokines also mediate the host response to cancer. Nevertheless, chemokine function in this response is not limited to regulating leucocyte infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. It is now known that chemokines and their receptors influence most-if not all-hallmark processes of cancer; they act on both neoplastic and untransformed cells in the tumor microenvironment, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells (blood and lymphatic), bone marrow-derived stem cells, and, obviously, infiltrating leucocytes. This review begins with an overview of chemokine and chemokine receptor structure, to better define how chemokines affect the proliferation, survival, stemness, and metastatic potential of neoplastic cells. We also examine the main mechanisms by which chemokines regulate tumor angiogenesis and immune cell infiltration, emphasizing the pro- and antitumorigenic activity of this protein superfamily in these interrelated processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Lacalle
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Blanco
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A Martín-Leal
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Mira
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Mañes
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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46
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Park Y, Moon SJ, Lee SW. Lineage re-commitment of CD4CD8αα intraepithelial lymphocytes in the gut. BMB Rep 2016; 49:11-7. [PMID: 26592937 PMCID: PMC4914207 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.1.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract forms the largest surface in our body with constantly
being exposed to various antigens, which provides unique microenvironment for
the immune system in the intestine. Accordingly, the gut epithelium harbors the
most T lymphocytes in the body as intraepithelial
lymphocytes (IELs), which are phenotypically and
functionally heterogeneous populations, distinct from the conventional mature T
cells in the periphery. IELs arise either from pre-committed thymic precursors
(natural IELs) or from conventional CD4 or CD8αβ T cells in response
to peripheral antigens (induced IELs), both of which commonly express CD8α
homodimers (CD8αα). Although lineage commitment to either conventional
CD4 T helper (Th) or cytotoxic CD8αβ T cells as well as their
respective co-receptor expression are mutually exclusive and irreversible
process, CD4 T cells can be redirected to the CD8 IELs with high cytolytic
activity upon migration to the gut epithelium. Recent reports show that master
transcription factors for CD4 and CD8 T cells, ThPOK (Th-inducing
BTB/POZ-Kruppel-like factor) and Runx3 (Runt related transcription factor 3),
respectively, are the key regulators for re-programming of CD4 T cells to CD8
lineage in the intestinal epithelium. This review will focus on the unique
differentiation process of IELs, particularly lineage re-commitment of CD4 IELs.
[BMB Reports 2016; 49(1): 11-17]
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunji Park
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Sook-Jin Moon
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Lee
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology and Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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47
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Cross-reactive multifunctional CD4+ T cell responses against Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi, Paratyphi A and Paratyphi B in humans following immunization with live oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a. Clin Immunol 2016; 173:87-95. [PMID: 27634430 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The live oral typhoid vaccine Ty21a elicits predominantly CD8+, as well as CD4+ T cells mediated immune responses. Clinical field studies showed that Ty21a is moderately effective against S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi B, but not S. Paratyphi A infections. In this study we describe the in depth characterization of S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A and S. Paratyphi B cross-reactive CD4+ T cell responses elicited following immunization with Ty21a. PBMC samples were collected from 16 healthy volunteers before and 42/84days after Ty21a immunization and stimulated ex-vivo with Salmonella-infected targets. Multiparametric flow cytometry was used to detect the vaccine elicited Salmonella-specific responses in T effector/memory (TEM) and CD45RA+ T effector/memory (TEMRA) CD4+ cell subsets, by measuring CD4+ multifunctional (MF) cells that concomitantly produced IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, MIP-1β, IL-17A and/or expressed CD107a. Post-vaccination increases in S. Typhi-specific MF cells were observed in CD4+ TEM and TEMRA subsets which predominantly produced IFN-γ and/or TNF-α, while IL-2 was produced by a smaller cell subset. A small proportion of those MF cells also produced MIP-1β, IL-17A and expressed CD107a (a marker associated with cytotoxicity). Approximately one third of these specific MF cells have the potential to migrate to the gut mucosa, as evidenced by co-expression of the gut-homing molecule integrin α4β7. In contrast to our previous observations with CD8+ T cells, MF CD4+ T cell responses to the different Salmonella serovars evaluated were similar in magnitude and characteristics. We conclude that although induction of cross-reactive CD4+ MF effector T cells suggest a possible role in Salmonella-immunity, these responses are unlikely to provide an immunological basis for the observed efficacy of Ty21a against S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi B, but not to S. Paratyphi A.
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48
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Navarro-Tovar G, Palestino G, Rosales-Mendoza S. An overview on the role of silica-based materials in vaccine development. Expert Rev Vaccines 2016; 15:1449-1462. [DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2016.1188009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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49
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Intranasal Vaccination Affords Localization and Persistence of Antigen-Specific CD8⁺ T Lymphocytes in the Female Reproductive Tract. Vaccines (Basel) 2016; 4:vaccines4010007. [PMID: 26999228 PMCID: PMC4810059 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines4010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunization strategies generating large numbers of antigen-specific T cells in the female reproductive tract (FRT) can provide barrier protection against sexually-transmitted pathogens, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papillomaviruses (HPV). The kinetics and mechanisms of regulation of vaccine-induced adaptive T cell-mediated immune responses in FRT are less well defined. We present here evidence for intranasal delivery of the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) along with alpha-galactosylceramide adjuvant as a protein vaccine to induce significantly higher levels of antigen-specific effector and memory CD8⁺ T cells in the FRT, relative to other systemic and mucosal tissues. Antibody blocking of the CXCR3 receptor significantly reduced antigen-specific CD8⁺ T cells subsequent to intranasal delivery of the protein vaccine suggesting an important role for the CXCR3 chemokine-receptor signaling for T cell trafficking. Further, intranasal vaccination with an adenoviral vector expressing OVA or HIV-1 envelope was as effective as intramuscular vaccination for generating OVA- or ENV-specific immunity in the FRT. These results support the application of the needle-free intranasal route as a practical approach to delivering protein as well as DNA/virus vector-based vaccines for efficient induction of effector and memory T cell immunity in the FRT.
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50
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Kawabe T, Suzuki N, Yamaki S, Sun SL, Asao A, Okuyama Y, So T, Iwakura Y, Ishii N. Mesenteric lymph nodes contribute to proinflammatory Th17-cell generation during inflammation of the small intestine in mice. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:1119-31. [PMID: 26887964 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
T cells of the small intestine, including Th17 cells, are critically involved in host protection from microbial infection, and also contribute to the pathogenesis of small bowel inflammatory disorders. Accumulating evidence suggests that mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) play important roles in gut-tropic T-cell generation, although it is still unclear if MLNs are involved in the pathogenesis of small intestine inflammation. To address this issue, we analyzed the roles of both MLNs and Peyer's patches (PPs) by evaluating MLN- or PP-deficient mice in an experimental model of small intestine inflammation, induced by CD3-specific mAb injection. Interestingly, MLNs, but not PPs, were essential for the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation, in particular the accumulation and infiltration of CD4(+) T-cell populations, including Th17 cells, from the blood. In addition, CD4(+) T-cell accumulation was dependent on the function of the α4 β7 integrin. Furthermore, MLN removal led to a significantly reduced number of peripheral α4 β7 (+) CD4(+) effector memory T cells under normal conditions, suggesting that MLNs may play a role in maintaining the number of gut-tropic CD4(+) effector memory T cells circulating in the blood. Taken together, the present study highlights the important role of MLNs in contributing to the pathogenesis of small intestine inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawabe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Community Medical Supports, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobu Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shu-Lan Sun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsuko Asao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuko Okuyama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takanori So
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Division of Experimental Animal Immunology, Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoto Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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