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Pitchumani PK, Parekh S, Rachana Hegde, Thomas DC. Systemic Factors Affecting Prognosis in Periodontics: Part II. Dent Clin North Am 2024; 68:603-617. [PMID: 39244246 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2024.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
This study gives an insight into certain systemic conditions and factors such as nutrition, age, hematological disorders, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and metabolic syndrome that have a notable effect on the periodontium. The review highlights the importance of taking these factors into consideration in periodontal therapy and their impact on the prognosis of periodontal therapies. The other systemic factors are discussed in detail elsewhere in the special issue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Davis C Thomas
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Center for Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA.
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Zheng F, Annamma LM, Harikrishnan SS, Lee DJ. Systemic Factors Affecting Prognosis in Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry: A Review. Dent Clin North Am 2024; 68:751-765. [PMID: 39244255 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2024.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The field of restorative and prosthetic dentistry focuses on restoring lost tooth structures and replacing missing teeth and lost tissue to restore or improve esthetics and oral health. Many systemic factors such as metabolic, bone, autoimmune, cardiovascular, and endocrine disorders can affect healing procedures, and bone density and impact oral health. Hence patients suffering from systemic disease when treated for prosthodontic rehabilitation can have negative prognostic outcomes. The commonest prosthodontic treatments that can be affected include dental implants, fixed prostheses, and removable prostheses. Understanding and managing these systemic factors play a key role in the success of prosthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyuan Zheng
- Advanced Education Program in Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Sciences, Division of Prosthodontics, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, 9-176 Moos Tower, 515 Delaware Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Lovely Muthiah Annamma
- College of Dentistry, Ajman University, PO Box 346, University Street Al Jeft 1, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Damian J Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 1 Kneeland Street, DHS 220; Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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Lima L, Gaspar S, Rocha BS, Alves R, Almeida MG. Current clinical framework on nitric oxide role in periodontal disease and blood pressure. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:521. [PMID: 39264471 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05913-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this review, we explored potential associations between NO and its derivatives, nitrite and nitrate, with periodontal and cardiovascular diseases, with special emphasis on the former. By providing a state-of-the-art and integrative understanding of this topic, we aimed to shed light on the potential role of these three nitrogen oxides in the periodontitis-hypertension nexus, identify knowledge gaps, and point out critical aspects of the experimental methodologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature review was conducted on human salivary and plasma concentrations of nitrate and nitrite, and their impact on periodontal and cardiovascular health. RESULTS A nitrate-rich diet increases nitrate and nitrite levels in saliva and plasma, promoting oral health by favorably altering the oral microbiome. Chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinses disrupt the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, reducing NO bioavailability, and potentially affecting blood pressure. This is because CHX eliminates nitrate-reducing bacteria, which are essential for NO production. Although endogenous NO production may be insufficient, the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway plays a critical role in maintaining appropriate endothelial function, which is balanced by the microbiome and dietary nitrate intake. Dietary nitrate supplementation may lead to beneficial changes in the oral microbiome, thereby increasing the NO bioavailability. However, NO bioavailability can be compromised by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to further ROS generation and creating a detrimental cycle. Studies on NO and periodontal disease have shown increased nitrite concentrations in patients with periodontal disease, although these studies have some methodological limitations. In terms of blood pressure, literature suggests that CHX mouthrinses may reduce the capacity of nitrate-reducing bacteria, potentially leading to an increase in blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS Several studies have suggested an association between NO levels and the development of cardiovascular and periodontal diseases. However, the exact mechanisms linking these diseases remains to be fully elucidated. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in several physiological processes such as vascular homeostasis, inflammation, immune cell activity, and pathologies such as hypertension and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Lima
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Monte da Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Sara Gaspar
- UCIBIO/i4HB- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Bárbara S Rocha
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Alves
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Monte da Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - M Gabriela Almeida
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CiiEM), Egas Moniz School of Health & Science, Monte da Caparica, Almada, Portugal.
- UCIBIO/i4HB- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Caparica, Portugal.
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Gao C, Iles M, Larvin H, Bishop DT, Bunce D, Ide M, Sun F, Pavitt S, Wu J, Kang J. Genome-wide association studies on periodontitis: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306983. [PMID: 39240858 PMCID: PMC11379206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to systematically review the existing literature and critically appraise the evidence of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on periodontitis. This study also aims to synthesise the findings of genetic risk variants of periodontitis from included GWAS. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, GWAS Catalog, MEDLINE, GLOBAL HEALTH and EMBASE via Ovid for GWAS on periodontitis. Only studies exploring single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) associated with periodontitis were eligible for inclusion. The quality of the GWAS was assessed using the Q-genie tool. Information such as study population, ethnicity, genomic data source, phenotypic characteristics(definition of periodontitis), and GWAS methods(quality control, analysis stages) were extracted. SNPs that reached conventional or suggestive GWAS significance level(5e-8 or 5e-06) were extracted and synthesized. RESULTS A total of 15 good-quality GWAS on periodontitis were included (Q-genie scores ranged from 38-50). There were huge heterogeneities among studies. There were 11 identified risk SNPs (rs242016, rs242014, rs10491972, rs242002, rs2978951, rs2738058, rs4284742, rs729876, rs149133391, rs1537415, rs12461706) at conventional GWAS significant level (p<5x10-8), and 41 at suggestive level (p<5x10-6), but no common SNPs were found between studies. Three SNPs (rs4284742 [G], rs11084095 [A], rs12461706 [T]) from three large studies were from the same gene region-SIGLEC5. CONCLUSION GWAS of periodontitis showed high heterogeneity of methodology used and provided limited SNPs statistics, making identifying reliable risk SNPs challenging. A clear guidance in dental research with requirement of expectation to make GWAS statistics available to other investigators are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Gao
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Iles
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet Larvin
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Timothy Bishop
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - David Bunce
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Ide
- Centre for Host Microbial Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fanyiwen Sun
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Pavitt
- School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Kang
- Oral Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Dentistry Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ozcan Bulut S, Ozel Ercel N. Serum iron and ferritin levels in female patients with gingivitis and periodontitis. Aust Dent J 2024; 69:175-181. [PMID: 38358069 DOI: 10.1111/adj.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to compare serum ferritin and iron levels and periodontal status in pre- and post-menopausal female patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 108 systemically healthy patients were included in the study, 63 patients in the pre-menopause group and 45 patients in the post-menopause group. The periodontal diagnosis was made according to the new periodontal disease classification of the American Academy of Periodontology and the European Federation of Periodontology Serum Iron (μg/dL) and Serum Ferritin (ng/mL) values were analysed in patients divided into groups according to menopausal status and periodontal status. RESULT The mean ferritin in pre-menopausal women (34.96 ± 27.87 ng/mL) was lower than the mean ferritin in post-menopausal women (64.24 ± 36.05 ng/mL), and this difference was found to be statistically significant (P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the averages of iron and ferritin according to periodontal diagnosis in pre-menopausal women (P = 0.200 and P = 0.858). A statistically significant difference was found between serum ferritin averages according to periodontal diagnosis in post-menopausal women (P < 0.001). Serum ferritin at % Interdental bone loss = 0 in Post-M was 33.93 ± 8.65 ng/mL; 47.51 ± 16.17 ng/mL in Stage 1 periodontitis; 72.66 ± 18.12 ng/mL in Stage 2 periodontitis; It was found to be 87.4 ± 47.1 ng/mL in Stage 3-4 periodontitis. CONCLUSION Serum ferritin values might vary depending on the presence or severity of periodontitis in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ozcan Bulut
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Department, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
| | - N Ozel Ercel
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Bumm CV, Schwendicke F, Heck K, Frasheri I, Summer B, Ern C, Heym R, Werner N, Folwaczny M. The Role of Interleukin-8 in the Estimation of Responsiveness to Steps 1 and 2 of Periodontal Therapy. J Clin Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39152683 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and total oral fluid (TOF) and the responsiveness to steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS One-hundred and fifty-nine patients affected by periodontitis received steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy. At baseline, TOF and GCF samples were collected and analysed for IL-8 (Il-8TOF/IL-8GCF) using flow cytometry. Therapy outcomes were relative proportions of residual periodontal pockets (PPD%), pocket closure (PC) rates and pocket probing depth (PPD) reductions; these were associated with IL-8TOF/IL-8GCF. RESULTS High IL-8TOF was significantly associated with higher residual PPD% (p = 0.044) and lower PPD reduction compared to low IL-8TOF (high 0.79 ± 1.20 mm vs. low 1.20 ± 1.20 mm, p < 0.001) in non-smokers, while in smokers high IL-8GCF was related to lower PPD reduction (high 0.62 ± 1.22 mm vs. low 0.84 ± 1.12 mm, p = 0.009). Furthermore, high baseline IL-8TOF was significantly associated with poorer PC rates compared to medium and low concentrations in both non-smokers (high 41% vs. medium 55% vs. low 58%, p < 0.001) and smokers (high 34% vs. medium 44% vs. low 46%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION High IL-8 concentrations at baseline had a significant impact on residual PPD%, PC rates and PPD reduction. The findings suggest that, especially in non-smokers, baseline IL-8 levels collected from the TOF could serve as a component in the estimation of responsiveness to steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar Victor Bumm
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Private Practice, Munich, Germany
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Heck
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Iris Frasheri
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Summer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Nils Werner
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Folwaczny
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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Tanwar H, Gnanasekaran JM, Allison D, Chuang LS, He X, Aimetti M, Baima G, Costalonga M, Cross RK, Sears C, Mehandru S, Cho J, Colombel JF, Raufman JP, Thumbigere-Math V. Unravelling the Oral-Gut Axis: Interconnection Between Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Current Challenges, and Future Perspective. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:1319-1341. [PMID: 38417137 PMCID: PMC11324343 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
As the opposite ends of the orodigestive tract, the oral cavity and the intestine share anatomical, microbial, and immunological ties that have bidirectional health implications. A growing body of evidence suggests an interconnection between oral pathologies and inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], implying a shift from the traditional concept of independent diseases to a complex, reciprocal cycle. This review outlines the evidence supporting an 'oral-gut' axis, marked by a higher prevalence of periodontitis and other oral conditions in IBD patients and vice versa. We present an in-depth examination of the interconnection between oral pathologies and IBD, highlighting the shared microbiological and immunological pathways, and proposing a 'multi-hit' hypothesis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis-mediated intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, the review underscores the critical need for a collaborative approach between dentists and gastroenterologists to provide holistic oral-systemic healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Tanwar
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Devon Allison
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ling-shiang Chuang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xuesong He
- Department of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mario Aimetti
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Costalonga
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Raymond K Cross
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia Sears
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Saurabh Mehandru
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy Cho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vivek Thumbigere-Math
- Division of Periodontology, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Dong S, Mei Y, Zhang Y, Bu W, Zhang Y, Sun C, Zou R, Niu L. A Novel Therapeutic Calcium Peroxide Loaded Injectable Bio-adhesive Hydrogel Against Periodontitis. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00150-3. [PMID: 39127517 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is a prevalent oral disease that can significantly impact patients' life quality and systemic health. However, non-surgical subgingival scaling is largely compromised due to poor patient compliance, leading to a high recurrence rate of periodontitis. Therefore, this research aims to explore new approaches to enhance the effectiveness of existing local drug administration therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gelatin-oxidized dextran hydrogel loaded with calcium peroxide and penicillin (CP-P hydrogel) was synthesized and characterized using Universal mechanical testing machine, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, swelling test, and dissolved oxygen meter. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity, osteogenic ability, antibacterial behavior, and alveolar bone regenerating capability of CP-P hydrogel were conducted both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The CP-P hydrogel demonstrated excellent mechanical properties, minimal swelling, and ideal biocompatibility. It created more favorable environments in the periodontal pocket by reversing anaerobic environment, eliminating drug-resistant bacteria and enhancing the therapeutic potency of drugs. By continuously releasing drugs in the periodontal pocket, the CP-P hydrogel effectively inhibited bacteria and reduce local inflammation response. In addition to bacteriostatic effects, the CP-P hydrogel also promoted the expression of osteogenic genes and enhanced osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro. CONCLUSIONS CP-P hydrogel can be developed as a new therapeutic platform to enhance the effectiveness of local drug administration strategy against periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yukun Mei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenqing Bu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Changjie Sun
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Lin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Prosthodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Taccardi D, Chiesa A, Maiorani C, Pardo A, Lombardo G, Scribante A, Sabatini S, Butera A. Periodontitis and Depressive Disorders: The Effects of Antidepressant Drugs on the Periodontium in Clinical and Preclinical Models: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4524. [PMID: 39124790 PMCID: PMC11312867 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13154524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Several psychological conditions, including stress and depression, can adversely affect oral health; in fact, antidepressants, commonly used to treat depressive disorders, may have conflicting effects on the periodontal status of individuals. The aim of this review was to determine the effects of antidepressants on the periodontium. Methods: A literature search was conducted using electronic databases, Pubmed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, focusing on the use of antidepressants and their effects on periodontal health in animals or humans. Results: Seventeen articles have been included with the use of amitriptyline (two studies), desipramine (one study), imipramine (two studies), desvenlafaxine (one study), fluoxetine (six studies), venlafaxine (three studies) and tianeptine (two studies). One study evaluated several categories of antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI), tricyclic, atypical and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO). Most trials showed improvements in periodontal health, especially with fluoxetine, but also with imipramine, desipramine, desvenlafaxine and tianeptine; on the contrary, worsening of clinical periodontal indices and increased loss of alveolar bone were reported with venlafaxine. Conclusions: This review suggests that in the presence of comorbidity between periodontitis and depression, pharmacological treatment with SNRIs, SSRIs and mixed antidepressants is associated with improvement in periodontal parameters, except for venlafaxine. Healthcare professionals (especially oral and mental health professionals) should investigate proper adherence to medication therapy in patients with a history of periodontitis and depression. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Taccardi
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessandro Chiesa
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Carolina Maiorani
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Alessia Pardo
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Lombardo
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy;
| | - Andrea Scribante
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
- Unit of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabatini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Andrea Butera
- Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (D.T.); (A.C.); (A.S.); (A.B.)
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Qi X, Zhu Z, Wang K, Zheng Y, Li A, Wu B. Association of Gum Treatment with Cognitive Decline and Dementia Risk among Older Adults with Periodontal Symptoms: A 12-Year Prospective Cohort Study. Neuroepidemiology 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39053434 DOI: 10.1159/000540086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examines the associations of gum treatment with cognitive decline and dementia risk among older adults with periodontal symptoms in the USA. METHODS A cohort of 866 adults aged ≥50 with periodontal symptoms was recruited for the 2008 Health and Retirement Study "Dental Health Experimental Module" and followed until 2020. Cognitive function was assessed with the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS). Dementia status was ascertained with the Langa-Weir algorithm based on TICS scores and proxy assessments. Linear mixed-effects model and multivariable Cox regression models were utilized to analyze the associations of gum treatment with cognitive decline and the risk of dementia, respectively. RESULTS Of 866 participants (mean age 67.7, 61.4% women), 105 (12.1%) developed dementia with a median follow-up of 9 (IQR, 6-10) years. The dementia incidence rates were lower in the group with gum treatment (7.4 vs. 12.9 per 1,000 person-years). Compared with participants who did not have gum treatment, those with gum treatment experienced a decline in TICS score that was on average 0.025 (95% CI, 0.005-0.044) points less per year and a 38% lower incidence of dementia (hazard ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41-0.93). These associations were consistent across participants with a different severity of periodontal symptoms and sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, race, ethnicity, and education) except for income levels. CONCLUSION Prompt gum treatment for older adults with periodontal symptoms may be beneficial for their cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qi
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
- School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Katherine Wang
- Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yaguang Zheng
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - An Li
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bei Wu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, New York, USA
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Ravidà A, Saleh MHA, Ghassib IH, Qazi M, Kumar PS, Wang HL, Eke PI, Borgnakke WS. Impact of smoking on cost-effectiveness of 10-48 years of periodontal care. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 39054672 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The study aims were (1) to explore whether "periodontal treatment" consisting of surgical therapy (flap, resective, or regenerative) or scaling and root planing treatment with long-term periodontal maintenance treatment, is cost-effective in terms of preventing periodontitis-attributable tooth extraction and replacement by implant-supported crowns ("extraction/replacement"); (2) to assess the effect of cigarette smoking on this cost-effectiveness. Data for this observational retrospective study were collected from dental charts of patients who had received periodontal therapy and at least annual follow-up visits for >10 years were analyzed by linear regression generalized estimating equations and generalized linear models. Among 399 adults (199 males, 200 females), those with the least mean annual treatment cost experienced the greatest mean annual costs for extraction/replacement, indicating general cost-effectiveness. Cigarette smoking adversely impacted this cost-effectiveness, with current heavy smokers experiencing no cost-effectiveness. Former smokers with Grade C periodontitis benefitted most, whereas smoking did not influence cost-effectiveness for Grade B periodontitis. Assessed by mean annual costs of "extraction/replacement," periodontal treatment was cost-effective, which decreased in a dose-response manner by former and current smoking intensity. Cigarette smoking should be factored into treatment planning and cost-effective analyses of periodontal treatment. Smoking cessation should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ravidà
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Muhammad H A Saleh
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Iya H Ghassib
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Periodontics, The Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Musa Qazi
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Purnima S Kumar
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Paul I Eke
- Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wenche S Borgnakke
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, The University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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12
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Nicolosi G, Donzella M, Polizzi A, Angjelova A, Santonocito S, Zanoli L, Annunziata M, Isola G. Early detection of cardiovascular risk markers through non-invasive ultrasound methodologies in periodontitis patients. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20241003. [PMID: 39034949 PMCID: PMC11260002 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This narrative review aims to update the current evidence and offer insight into the new non-invasive ultrasound techniques used to early identify degenerative vascular changes in subjects with periodontitis and to investigate if these methodologies could be useful to identify subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) dysfunction in periodontitis patients and to monitor changes in CVD risk after periodontal treatment. Methods Studies examining the assessment of vascular endothelial function through the latest methodologies were analyzed. Systematic reviews, observational studies, and clinical trials in the English language were identified using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases with key search terms such as "periodontitis," "endothelial dysfunction (ED)," "arterial stiffness," and "periodontal therapy." Results Several mechanisms are involved in the association between periodontitis and CVD. The key players are periodontal bacteria and their toxins, which can enter the circulation and infiltrate blood vessel walls. The increase in proinflammatory molecules such as interleukins and chemokines, c-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and oxidative stress also plays a decisive role. In addition, an increase in parameters of ED, arterial stiffness, and atherosclerosis, such as carotid intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, and flow-mediated dilatation, has been shown in periodontal patients. Conclusions The literature today agrees on the association of periodontitis and CVD and the positive role of periodontal therapy on systemic inflammatory indices and cardiovascular outcomes. Hopefully, these non-invasive methodologies could be extended to periodontal patients to provide a comprehensive understanding of the CVD-periodontitis link from the perspective of a personalized medicine approach in periodontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Nicolosi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Donzella
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Angjelova
- University Dental Clinical Center St. Pantelejmon, Faculty of Dentistry, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, 1000, Skopje, North Macedonia
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Zanoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Annunziata
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
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13
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Benedek C, Kerekes-Máthé B, Bereșescu L, Buka IZ, Bardocz-Veres Z, Geréb I, Mártha KI, Jánosi KM. Influencing Factors Regarding the Severity of Peri-Implantitis and Peri-Implant Mucositis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1573. [PMID: 39061710 PMCID: PMC11275279 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14141573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The scientific literature is increasingly focused on peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, which are biological outcomes of dental implant treatment. BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to evaluate the two most critical complications of dental implantation, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, through the prism of different influencing factors. METHODS We followed 40 patients, with a total number of 92 dental implants, divided into three age groups: under 35 years, between 35 and 55 years, and older than 55 years. Patients were also divided into groups according to the time since implant placement: 1-3 years, 4-7 years, and more than 7 years. The patients were examined, and periodontal pocket depth, peri-implant pocket depth, Löe-Silness gingival index, mucosal thickness, and keratinized mucosal width were recorded; bone resorption was measured on radiographs using a 2D image analysis method; and a questionnaire was also conducted. RESULTS Bone resorption was highest in the 35-55 age group (3.09 ± 0.04 mm) and for implants placed 4-7 years ago (3.39 ± 0.12 mm). Females had a mean bone resorption of 3.4 ± 0.15 mm and males of 2.45 ± 0.07 mm. Statistically, there was a significant difference only in the Löe-Silness index: the 35-55 age group had the highest values (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS There were no statistically significant differences between the time since implant placement and the degree of bone resorption, nor between sexes. Peri-implant inflammation may occur at any age, regardless of the lifetime of the implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Benedek
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania (I.Z.B.)
| | - Bernadette Kerekes-Máthé
- Department of Tooth and Dental Arch Morphology, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Liana Bereșescu
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Imola Zsuzsa Buka
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania (I.Z.B.)
| | - Zsuzsanna Bardocz-Veres
- Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | | | - Krisztina Ildikó Mártha
- Department of Orthodontics, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Kinga Mária Jánosi
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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14
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Rosa A, Pujia AM, Arcuri C. The Protective Role Antioxidant of Vitamin C in the Prevention of oral Disease: A Scoping Review of Current Literature. Eur J Dent 2024. [PMID: 39013452 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This review meticulously examined the connection between vitamin C and periodontal disease, as well as the potential of vitamin C to prevent this condition. To gather relevant data, comprehensive electronic searches were conducted across various databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, focusing on studies that explored the relationship between vitamin C and periodontal disease in individuals aged between 18 and above. From an initial pool of 421 articles, 14 were ultimately chosen for detailed analysis. This selection encompassed seven cross-sectional studies, two case-control studies, two cohort studies, and three randomized controlled trials. The analysis of these studies revealed a consistent negative association between vitamin C intake, as well as its levels in the blood, and the incidence of periodontal disease across all seven cross-sectional studies. This indicates that higher vitamin C intake and blood levels are linked to a decreased risk of developing periodontal disease. In the two case-control studies, individuals suffering from periodontitis were found to have both a lower intake of vitamin C and reduced levels of vitamin C in their blood compared to those without the disease, further underscoring the potential protective role of vitamin C against periodontal disease. The progression of periodontal disease was observed to be more rapid in patients with lower dietary intake or blood levels of vitamin C compared to controls. Regarding the effects of vitamin C administration as an intervention, there was an improvement noted in gingival bleeding among patients with gingivitis; however, no significant benefits were observed in cases of periodontitis, specifically concerning alveolar bone absorption. Through the meticulous examination of available studies, this systematic review underscores the notion that adequate vitamin C intake and maintaining sufficient levels of vitamin C in the blood can contribute significantly to reducing the risk of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Rosa
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, Dentistry, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Maria Pujia
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Arcuri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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15
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Liang L, Chen CY, Aris IM. Association of the Life's Essential 8 cardiovascular health score with periodontitis among US adults. J Clin Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38964852 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether cardiovascular health (CVH) is associated with periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used data from the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We quantified CVH using Life's Essential 8, which includes four health behaviours (diet, smoking, physical activity and sleep) and four health factors (body mass index, blood cholesterol, glucose and pressure). We categorized scores as low (0-49), moderate (50-79) and high (80-100). We calculated subscores of health behaviours and factors and categorized them as low, moderate and high. We used logistic regression to assess the association of CVH with periodontitis, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, poverty index, marital status and health insurance. We computed odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS This study included 9296 adults ≥30 years old. Multivariable-adjusted models showed that subjects with moderate (OR, 0.62; 95% CI: 0.52-0.74) or high (OR, 0.43; 95% CI: 0.33-0.57) CVH had significantly lower odds of periodontitis compared to those with low CVH. These results were consistent in the health behaviours model, but the estimates in the health factors model were not significant. CONCLUSIONS Improving CVH may help prevent periodontitis. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Liang
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chia-Yu Chen
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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16
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Murai H, Kuboniwa M, Kakiuchi M, Matsumura R, Hirata Y, Amano A. Curcumin inhibits growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis by arrest of bacterial dipeptidyl peptidase activity. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2373040. [PMID: 38974504 PMCID: PMC11225630 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2373040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Curcumin is a multi-functional polyphenol with anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and may have potential for treatment of periodontal diseases. The present study was conducted to examine the molecular basis of the anti-bacterial effect of curcumin against Porphyromonas gingivalis using metabolome analysis. Materials and Methods P. gingivalis were incubated with 10 µg/mL curcumin, and then metabolites were analyzed with CE-TOF/MS. Expression levels of sigma factors were also evaluated using RT-PCR assays. The activities of dipeptidyl peptidases (DPPs) were assessed by examining the degradation reactions of MCA-labeled peptides. Results The relative amounts of various glycogenic amino acids were significantly decreased when P. gingivalis was incubated with curcumin. Furthermore, the metabolites on the amino acid degradation pathway, including high-energy compounds such as ATP, various intermediate metabolites of RNA/DNA synthesis, nucleoside sugars and amino sugars were also decreased. Additionally, the expression levels of sigma-54 and sigma-70 were significantly decreased, and the same results as noted following nutrient starvation. Curcumin also significantly suppressed the activities of some DPPs, while the human DPP-4 inhibitors markedly inhibited the growth of P. gingivalis and activities of the DPPs. Conclusions Curcumin suppresses the growth of P. gingivalis by inhibiting DPPs and also interferes with nucleic acid synthesis and central metabolic pathways, beginning with amino acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Murai
- Joint Research Laboratory for Advanced Oral Environmental Science (SARAYA), Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Suita, Japan
- Saraya Research Institute, Saraya Co., Ltd, Osaka, Kashiwara, Japan
| | - Masae Kuboniwa
- Joint Research Laboratory for Advanced Oral Environmental Science (SARAYA), Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Suita, Japan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Suita, Japan
| | - Miho Kakiuchi
- Joint Research Laboratory for Advanced Oral Environmental Science (SARAYA), Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Suita, Japan
| | - Reiko Matsumura
- Joint Research Laboratory for Advanced Oral Environmental Science (SARAYA), Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Suita, Japan
- Saraya Research Institute, Saraya Co., Ltd, Osaka, Kashiwara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirata
- Joint Research Laboratory for Advanced Oral Environmental Science (SARAYA), Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Suita, Japan
- Saraya Research Institute, Saraya Co., Ltd, Osaka, Kashiwara, Japan
| | - Atsuo Amano
- Joint Research Laboratory for Advanced Oral Environmental Science (SARAYA), Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Suita, Japan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Suita, Japan
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17
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Yue Y, Hovey KM, LaMonte MJ, Wactawski-Wende J, Andrews CA, Millen AE. Association between dietary patterns and periodontal disease: The OsteoPerio cohort study. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:863-873. [PMID: 38538208 PMCID: PMC11182713 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM To examine the association of dietary patterns with periodontal disease (PD) and its progression over 5 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analyses involved 1197 post-menopausal women from the OsteoPerio cohort. Dietary patterns assessed include Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI), Alternative HEI (AHEI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMed) at baseline (the average of two food frequency questionnaires administered between 1993 and 2001). At baseline and the 5-year follow-up, periodontal assessments evaluated alveolar crestal height (ACH), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), percentage of gingival sites bleeding on probing (%BOP) and missing teeth due to PD. Linear and logistic regression were used to examine the associations. RESULTS Cross-sectionally, HEI and aMed were associated with smaller CAL and %BOP; along with DASH, they were associated with a decreased odds of teeth missing due to PD. AHEI and aMed were associated with a decreased odds of severe PD. Prospectively, AHEI was associated with greater ACH progression. This association was attenuated to the null after loss of ACH was imputed for teeth lost due to PD over follow-up, or after excluding participants with diabetes, osteoporosis, hypertension or heart disease at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Better adherence to healthy dietary patterns was associated with better PD measures cross-sectionally but greater progression of ACH over 5 years. The latter might be explained by incident tooth loss due to PD and pre-existing comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihua Yue
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Kathleen M. Hovey
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Michael J. LaMonte
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Jean Wactawski-Wende
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
| | - Chris A. Andrews
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Amy E. Millen
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY
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18
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Giok KC, Veettil SK, Menon RK. Risk factors for Peri-implantitis: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of observational studies and assessment of biases. J Dent 2024; 146:105065. [PMID: 38762079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To perform a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative analysis of the findings from previously published meta-analyses and to assess existing biases. DATA/SOURCES A search was conducted for meta-analyses of observational studies investigating the association between any risk factor and peri‑implantitis in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Epistemonikos, from inception until October 2023 (PROSPERO: CRD42024512408). STUDY SELECTION From a total of 5002 publications, 51 full-text articles were evaluated for eligibility, and 12 articles that described 41 unique meta-analyses evaluating the association between risk factors and periimplantitis were selected. Among 41 associations, 24 associations were significant. None of the associations were graded as convincing evidence. Two associations, presence of periodontitis (OR = 3.84 [95 % CI 2.58,5.72]) and cigarette smoking (RR=2.07 [95 % CI 1.41,3.04]) were graded as highly suggestive. Eight associations, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycaemia, lack of prophylaxis, history of chronic periodontal disease, ongoing or history of periodontal disease, implants located in the anterior region of the jaw (maxillary and mandibular), osteoprotegerin (OPG) gene polymorphisms, and lack of keratinized mucosal width were graded as suggestive evidence. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis and cigarette smoking are highly suggestive risk factors for peri‑implantitis. The remaining risk factors which are suggestive require more high-quality studies to be performed to upgrade the level of evidence. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The highly suggestive and suggestive risk factors for peri‑implantitis summarized in this umbrella review should be rigorously assessed, monitored and managed by clinicians to reduce the risk peri‑implantitis, as well as to form part of the preoperative consent process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koay Chun Giok
- School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Sajesh K Veettil
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia; School of Medicine, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rohit Kunnath Menon
- Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
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19
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Li CX, Leng J, Xiang K. Association of lifestyle behaviors and oral health care needs: Mediating effects of inflammatory markers. Prev Med 2024; 184:108003. [PMID: 38754737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mounting evidence indicates that modifiable risk factors such as lifestyle behaviors may be involved in the occurrence of oral diseases. However, existing research doesn't come to a unanimous consent. This study aims to evaluate the association between lifestyle behaviors and oral health care needs. METHODS This study used the nationally representative dataset from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from March 2017 to 2020 pre-pandemic. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate lifestyle behavioral factors that influence oral health care needs. Mediation analysis was performed to explore the roles of inflammatory markers in the relationship between physical activities and oral problems. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, multivariate analysis indicated that flossing (OR = 0.590, 95% CI, 0.510-0.682, P < 0.001), moderate alcohol consumption (per week: OR = 0.717, 95% CI, 0.588-0.873, P < 0.001; per month/year: OR = 0.794, 95% CI, 0.669-0.942, P = 0.008) and participation in recreational activities (vigorous recreational activities: OR = 0.548, 95% CI, 0.462-0.648, P < 0.001; moderate recreational activities: OR = 0.629, 95% CI, 0.549-0.721, P < 0.001) significantly reduced oral health care needs. In addition, sleep duration of 7-9 h was associated with lower oral health care needs compared to less or more sleep duration (<7 h or > 9 h) (OR = 0.851, 95% CI, 0.741-0.976, P = 0.021). Mediation analysis suggested that white blood cell (WBC) counts and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations acted significant mediating roles in the association between recreational activities and oral problems. CONCLUSIONS The possible beneficial effects of healthy lifestyle behaviors on oral health will guide individuals to develop good habits, thereby reducing the burden of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Leng
- Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Hefei, China.
| | - Kun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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20
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De David SC, Ferreira TDGM, da Rocha JM, Moreira CHC, Fiorini T. Association between cognitive rumination and periodontal disease, tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life in a rural Southern Brazil population. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:397. [PMID: 38918232 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rumination is a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy. It has been associated with several psychological disorders and physical problems. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate whether cognitive rumination is associated with periodontal disease (PD), tooth loss (TL), and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). MATERIALS AND METHODS A population-based sample from a rural area in southern Brazil was evaluated. Calibrated examiners carried out a complete periodontal examination at six sites-per-tooth. Rumination and Reflection (RRQ) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaires were administered. Regression modeling was used to assess the prevalence ratio (PR) between rumination and PD and to estimate the rate ratio (RR) between rumination and TL and rumination and OHIP. RESULTS Severe periodontitis prevalence of 33% was observed in the sample. In the Poisson-adjusted model (n = 587), individuals who ruminate more have 27% more periodontal disease (PR: 1.27, 95%CI:1.02 - 1.60). Regarding TL and OHIP, negative binomial regression (n = 672) showed an association with rumination, but it was not significant (RR 1.14, 95%CI 0.99 - 1.31) and (RR 1.20, 95%CI 0.98 - 1.48), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive rumination was independently associated with periodontal disease in individuals living in a rural area. Borderline non-significant estimates were observed regarding TL and OHRQoL. More research using different populations and focusing on individual's responses to psychological stress may confirm these results. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Emotional regulation is crucial to deal with stress, anxiety, and depression. Since psychopathologies are among the most prevalent diseases in the world, it is critical to understand the role of these issues in dental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cardoso De David
- Department of Conservative Dentistry - Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492, Porto Alegre, RS, Zip Code 90035-003, Brazil
| | | | - José Mariano da Rocha
- Dental School, Post-Graduate Program of Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago Fiorini
- Department of Conservative Dentistry - Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492, Porto Alegre, RS, Zip Code 90035-003, Brazil.
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21
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Seok J, Kim MO, Kim SH, Ryu KY, Kim JY, Lee HJ, Kim YG, Lee Y. Flavonoid gossypetin protects alveolar bone and limits inflammation in ligature-induced periodontitis in mice. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39031888 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial-induced inflammation instigates the destruction of hard and soft tissues surrounding teeth in periodontitis. In severe cases, the increased number and activity of osteoclasts induces the resorption of alveolar bones, ultimately leading to tooth loss. Because of their diverse chemical structures and bioactivities, natural compounds are often suggested to treat a wide variety of diseases, including inflammatory disorders. METHODS In the present study, we demonstrated an inhibitory effect of gossypetin, a hexahydroxy flavone, on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption using in vitro culture of osteoclasts from mouse bone marrow macrophage (BMM) precursors and in vivo model of ligature-induced periodontitis in mice. RESULTS Gossypetin significantly reduced the differentiation of osteoclasts from mouse BMM precursors in the presence of the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). In vitro, gossypetin inhibited critical signaling events downstream of RANKL including the auto-amplification of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1, Ca2+ oscillations, and the generation of reactive oxygen species. In a mouse ligature-induced periodontitis model, the administration of gossypetin significantly reduced osteoclastogenesis and alveolar bone resorption. Furthermore, gossypetin prevented the ligature-induced increase in macrophages and T cells and reduced the production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results show anti-osteoclastogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of gossypetin, suggesting the potential use of this natural compound in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Seok
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- Department of Bio-Medical Analysis, Korea Polytechnic College, Chungnam, South Korea
| | - Ka-Young Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Heon-Jin Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yong-Gun Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Youngkyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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22
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Beak W, Park J, Ji S. Data-driven prediction model for periodontal disease based on correlational feature analysis and clinical validation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32496. [PMID: 38912435 PMCID: PMC11193031 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the performance and reliability of data-driven models employing correlational feature analysis and clinical validation for predicting periodontal disease. Methods The 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 10,654) was used for correlation analysis to identify significant risk factors for periodontitis. Periodontal prediction models were developed with the selected factors and database, followed by internal validation with 5-fold cross-validation and 1000 bootstrap resampling. External validation was conducted with clinical data (n = 120) collected through self-reported questionnaires, clinical periodontal parameters, and radiographic image analysis. Predictive performance was assessed for logistics regression, support vector machine, random forest, XGBoost, and neural network algorithms using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) and other performance metrics. Results Correlation analysis identified 16 features from over 1000 potential risk factors for periodontitis. The best data-driven model (XGBoost) showed AUC values of 0.823 and 0.796 for internal and external validations, respectively. Modeling with clinical data revealed those same measures to be 0.836 and 0.649, respectively. In addition, the data-driven model could predict other clinical periodontal parameters including severe bone loss (AUC = 0.813), gingival bleeding (AUC = 0.694), and tooth loss (AUC = 0.734). A patient case study about prognostic predictions revealed that the probability of periodontitis can be reduced by 6.0 % (stop smoking) and 0.6 % (stop drinking) on average. Conclusions Data-driven models for predicting periodontitis and other periodontal parameters were developed from 16 risk factors, demonstrating enhanced prediction performance and reproducibility in internal-external validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woosun Beak
- Department of Dental Public Health, Ajou University Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dentistry, Gyeonggi Provincial Medical Center Suwon Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Suk Ji
- Department of Dental Public Health, Ajou University Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Oral Health Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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23
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Bostan SA, Yemenoglu H, Kose O, Akyildiz K, Mercantepe T, Saral S, Tumkaya L, Yilmaz A. Preventive effects of melatonin on periodontal tissue destruction due to psychological stress in rats with experimentally induced periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:500-511. [PMID: 38214233 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND Psychological stress is a potential modifiable environmental risk factor causally related to the exacerbation of periodontitis and other chronic inflammatory diseases. This animal study aimed to investigate comprehensively the preventive efficacy of systemic melatonin administration on the possible effects of restraint stress on the periodontal structures of rats with periodontitis. METHODS Forty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: control, restraint stress (S), S-melatonin (S-Mel), experimental periodontitis (Ep), S-Ep, and S-Ep-Mel. Periodontitis was induced by placing a 3.0 silk suture in a sub-paramarginal position around the cervix of the right and left lower first molars of the rats and keeping the suture in place for 5 weeks. Restraint stress was applied simultaneously by ligation. Melatonin and carriers were administered to the control, S, Ep, and S-Ep groups intraperitoneally (10 mg/body weight/day, 14 days) starting on day 21 following ligation and subjection to restraint stress. An open field test was performed on all groups on day 35 of the study. Periodontal bone loss was measured via histological sections. Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical (RANKL and OPG) evaluations were performed on right mandibular tissue samples and biochemical (TOS (total oxidant status), TAS (total antioxidant status), OSI (oxidative stress index), IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-1β/IL-10) evaluations were performed on left mandibular tissue samples. RESULTS Melatonin significantly limited serum corticosterone elevation related to restraint stress (p < .05). Restraint stress aggravated alveolar bone loss in rats with periodontitis, while systemic melatonin administration significantly reduced stress-related periodontal bone loss. According to the biochemical analyses, melatonin significantly lowered IL-1β/IL-10, OSI (TOS/TAS), and RANKL/OPG rates, which were significantly elevated in the S-Ep group. CONCLUSION Melatonin can significantly prevent the limited destructive effects of stress on periodontal tissues by suppressing RANKL-related osteoclastogenesis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semih Alperen Bostan
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yemenoglu
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Oğuz Kose
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Kerimali Akyildiz
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, School of Vocational Health Care Services, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Sinan Saral
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
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24
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Turner C. Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal Disease: A New Perspective. Prim Dent J 2024; 13:73-78. [PMID: 38888080 DOI: 10.1177/20501684241254654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
First recorded in 1928, people living with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at a three to four times higher risk of developing periodontal disease (PD) than non-diabetics; for those who smoke this risk increases up to ten times. However, many doctors are unaware of this.DM and PD are bidirectionally linked, the one affecting the other and vice versa, although the mechanism is not fully understood and may be linked to chronic infection. PD has an adverse effect on glycaemic control. That improves when periodontitis is successfully treated.Doctors should consider PD when their patients have persistently high glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and dentists should consider diabetes or pre-diabetes when they have patients with unstable or progressive periodontitis.Doctors, dentists, and their teams need to share results. A traffic light system of red, amber and green for both medical and dental risks is proposed, and a pro forma designed, so that diabetics themselves can share them with their professional advisors until such times as there are reliable methods of interprofessional communication and a paradigm shift in working practices is achieved.Dentists need to find ways to teach their medical colleagues about the basics of PD, update their medical records, and understand more about medical risks. More research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Turner
- Christopher Turner MSc, BDS, MDS, FDSRCS, FCGDent Specialist in Restorative Dentistry (Retired), Bath, UK
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25
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Sun J, Guo F, Wang L, Han F, Yang J, Gao S. Association of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure with periodontitis in NHANES 2009-2014: A mixtures approach. J Periodontol 2024; 95:603-613. [PMID: 37987224 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can invade and cause harm to the human body through various pathways, but there is currently little research on the relationship between mixed-PAHs exposure and periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mixed-urinary PAHs exposure on periodontitis in adults in the United States. METHODS The cross-sectional study included 2749 subjects selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2014 cycles. A professional examination of the periodontal status was conducted to distinguish between periodontitis and non-periodontitis based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP) case definition. Laboratory testing of urine samples was performed to obtain the levels of urinary PAHs. Pearson correlation coefficients were utilized to determine the degree of correlation between urinary PAHs, while weighted binary logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were employed to evaluate the relationship between urinary PAHs and periodontitis. RESULTS In a single-exposure model, 3-hydroxyfluorene (OH-3F), 2-hydroxyfluorene (OH-2F), 1-hydroxyphenanthrene (OH-1Ph), and 2-hydroxyphenanthrene and 3-hydroxyphenanthrene (OH-2,3Ph) were positively associated with periodontitis risk. In the mixed-exposure model, BKMR analysis demonstrated that mixed exposure to urinary PAHs was positively associated with periodontitis, with OH-2F being the most critical factor for the overall mixed effects (posterior inclusion probability [PIP] = 0.98). Univariate exposure-response function and univariate effects analysis revealed a positive correlation between urinary OH-2F levels and periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS The study reveals a significant positive correlation between exposure to mixed PAHs and periodontitis, with a particular emphasis on the pivotal role of OH-2F. Mitigating PAHs in the environment may serve as a preventive measure against periodontitis and alleviate its global public health burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiu Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Wang
- The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fulei Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Jiafan Dental Clinic, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shengli Gao
- Biomedical Centre, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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26
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Yang X, Wang J, Hong H, Feng X, Zhang X, Song J. The association between diets and periodontitis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 15:1398101. [PMID: 38881793 PMCID: PMC11176517 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1398101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis, a complex inflammatory condition, has been associated with dietary habits and antioxidants. While the association between certain dietary patterns and periodontitis has been documented, the bidirectional relationship remains unclear. This study utilizes Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the bidirectional associations between dietary factors comprising dietary antioxidants, and periodontitis. Methods Employing a two-sample MR approach, this study analyzed genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on diets and periodontitis from large databases and published literature. Instrumental variables (IVs) were selected and filtered based on genetic variants associated with dietary factors and periodontitis, respectively. Various MR methods, including Inverse Variance Weighted, MR-Egger, Weighted Median, Weighted Mode, and Simple Mode were applied to assess the bidirectional associations. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the robustness of the findings. Results Our analysis revealed significant associations between certain dietary factors and the risk of periodontitis. Specifically, higher intake of filtered coffee, low-calorie drinks, and other cereals, as well as increased metabolic circulating levels of gamma-tocopherol, were associated with an elevated risk of periodontitis. Conversely, consumption of cheese, white rice, chocolate bars, unsalted peanuts, and higher absolute circulating levels of vitamin C were linked to a reduced risk. Additionally, the study suggests that periodontitis may influence dietary habits, indicating a bidirectional relationship. Conclusion This study provides additional evidence of a bidirectional association between dietary factors and periodontitis. It highlights the importance of dietary interventions in the prevention and management of periodontitis. The findings underscore the need for incorporating dietary counseling into periodontal disease management protocols and suggest the potential of personalized dietary strategies for periodontitis patients. Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms underlying these associations and to confirm these findings in diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingchan Wang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Houlin Hong
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Xing Feng
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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27
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Shen L, Niu D, Deng G. Causal relationship between periodontal disease-related phenotype and knee osteoarthritis: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304117. [PMID: 38820296 PMCID: PMC11142551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between periodontal disease-related phenotype (PDRP) and knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in a European population using a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach. METHODS We leveraged publicly available GWAS summary statistics for PDRP (n = 975) and KOA (n = 403,124), assessing their roles as both exposures and outcomes. Our comprehensive MR analysis employed various methods, including inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, Egger regression, simple mode, and weighted mode, to enhance the robustness of our findings. To ensure the reliability of our instrumental variables, we implemented a rigorous screening process based on p-values and F-values, utilized Phenoscanner to investigate potential confounders, and conducted sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Our analysis identified five SNPs associated with PDRP and three SNPs with KOA, all surpassing the genome-wide significance threshold, as instrumental variables. The IVW method demonstrated a significant causal relationship from PDRP to KOA (beta = 0.013, SE = 0.007, P = 0.035), without evidence of directional pleiotropy (MR-Egger regression intercept = 0.021, P = 0.706). No support was found for reverse causality from KOA to PDRP, as further MR analyses yielded non-significant P-values. Additionally, funnel plots and Cochran's Q test detected no significant heterogeneity or directional pleiotropy, confirming the robustness of our results. In multivariate analysis, when considering smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI collectively no direct causal relationship between KOA and PDRP. Conversely, smoking and higher BMI were independently associated with an increased risk of KOA. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our analysis revealed no direct causal relationship from KOA to PDRP. However, a causal relationship from PDRP to KOA was observed. Notably, when adjusting for potential confounders like smoking, alcohol intake, and BMI, both the causal connection from PDRP to KOA and the inverse relationship were not substantiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longqiang Shen
- Institute of Blood Transfusion at Ningbo Central Blood Station, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Di Niu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion at Ningbo Central Blood Station, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Deng
- Institute of Blood Transfusion at Ningbo Central Blood Station, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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28
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Varela-López A, Bullon B, Gallardo I, Quiles JL, Bullon P. Association of specific nutritional intake with periodontitis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:640. [PMID: 38816851 PMCID: PMC11138069 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to evaluate nutritional intake among a group of male patients in the dental clinic with and without periodontal disease to search for associations between nutritional profile and periodontal health. METHODS To this purpose, nutritional intake of macronutrients, fiber, vitamins, and minerals were compared evaluating both clinical parameters and periodontal status. Non periodontitis patients were compared with stage III and IV periodontitis and its extension according to the 2017 classification. RESULTS After multivariate analysis, statistically significant associations were found between the dietary intake of energy, total fat, cholesterol, calcium, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat and folic acid and iodine and periodontitis status. This study reports an inverse association between cholesterol and iodine and periodontitis and a direct association with saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, and folic acid. CONCLUSIONS Maintaining an adequate intake of fat, iodine, calcium, and cholesterol and avoiding an excessive intake of energy, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, and folic acid could be important to controlling periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bullon
- Department of Stomalogy, Dental School, University of Sevilla, C/Avicena s.n., Sevilla, 41009, Spain
| | - Isabel Gallardo
- Department of Stomalogy, Dental School, University of Sevilla, C/Avicena s.n., Sevilla, 41009, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro Bullon
- Department of Stomalogy, Dental School, University of Sevilla, C/Avicena s.n., Sevilla, 41009, Spain.
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29
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Chaudhary PP, Kaur M, Myles IA. Does "all disease begin in the gut"? The gut-organ cross talk in the microbiome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:339. [PMID: 38771520 PMCID: PMC11108886 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The human microbiome, a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms within the body, plays pivotal roles in health and disease. This review explores site-specific microbiomes, their role in maintaining health, and strategies for their upkeep, focusing on oral, lung, vaginal, skin, and gut microbiota, and their systemic connections. Understanding the intricate relationships between these microbial communities is crucial for unraveling mechanisms underlying human health. Recent research highlights bidirectional communication between the gut and distant microbiome sites, influencing immune function, metabolism, and disease susceptibility. Alterations in one microbiome can impact others, emphasizing their interconnectedness and collective influence on human physiology. The therapeutic potential of gut microbiota in modulating distant microbiomes offers promising avenues for interventions targeting various disorders. Through interdisciplinary collaboration and technological advancements, we can harness the power of the microbiome to revolutionize healthcare, emphasizing microbiome-centric approaches to promote holistic well-being while identifying areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prem Prashant Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Mahaldeep Kaur
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ian A Myles
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Epithelial Therapeutics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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30
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Bulut SO, Noyun D, Dirikan İpci S, Cakar G. Serum vitamin D, hemoglobin A1c and vitamin B12 levels in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis stages. Biomark Med 2024; 18:449-457. [PMID: 39007836 DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2024.2342236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the serum vitamin D, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and vitamin B12 levels in patients with gingivitis and four different periodontitis stages diagnosed according to the 2017 Periodontal Disease Classification. Materials & methods: A total of 606 patients were included in the study who were diagnosed with gingivitis and stage I-IV periodontitis. Patients were divided into groups based on disease stage, and the HbA1c, vitamin D and B12 levels of the patients were compared and analyzed. Result: The highest HbA1c level and the lowest vitamin D level were seen in stage III-IV periodontitis. The highest vitamin D and B12 levels were seen in the gingivitis group. Conclusion: Serum HbA1c, vitamin D and B12 levels might vary depending on the presence or severity of periodontitis.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05745779 (This study was registered and approved by www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Selcen Ozcan Bulut
- Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Department, Niğde, TR-51200, Turkey
| | - Deniz Noyun
- Dentplus Dental Clinic, Bursa, TR-16140, Turkey
| | - Sebnem Dirikan İpci
- Altınbaş University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul, TR-34147, Turkey
| | - Gokser Cakar
- Altınbaş University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul, TR-34147, Turkey
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Wu X. Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and periodontitis risk: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302137. [PMID: 38753859 PMCID: PMC11098519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There may be an association between obesity and periodontitis, yet no studies have investigated the correlation between the new obesity indicator, the weight-adjusted-waist Index (WWI), and periodontitis. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the association between the novel obesity index, weight-adjusted-waist index, and periodontitis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS WWI was utilized to assess obesity, through measuring waist circumference (WC) and body weight. We analyzed cross-sectional NHANES data from 2009 to 2014 (1) using multivariate logistic regression to explore WWI's association with moderate/severe periodontitis; (2) conducting subgroup analyses and interaction tests; and (3) fitting smoothed curves to the age-stratified logistic regression model. RESULTS The study involved 11,256 individuals, with 48.55% having moderate/severe periodontitis. Upon adjusting for all relevant variables, a significant correlation between WWI and moderate/severe periodontitis was observed (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.17). Compared to the lowest quartile of WWI, there was a significant increase in the likelihood of moderate/severe periodontitis in Quartile 2 (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06-1.39) and Quartile 3 (OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07-1.42). Subgroup analyses for gender, age, education, smoking, and diabetes highlighted a positive association between WWI and moderate/severe periodontitis in all subgroups, except for the diabetic population and individuals aged 65 years and older. CONCLUSION The analysis revealed a positive correlation between WWI, a novel obesity index, and moderate/severe periodontitis prevalence through diverse modeling approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wu
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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32
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Mayr A, Ciper N, Wahl G, Wildenhof J, Frede S, Kirschneck C, Jäger A, Götz W, Beisel-Memmert S. Longitudinal analysis of microcirculatory parameters in gingival tissues after tooth extraction in patients with different risk profiles for wound healing disorders - a pilot study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:303. [PMID: 38714559 PMCID: PMC11076346 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to establish a risk profile for intraoral wound healing disorders based on measurements of microcirculation in gingival tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS Oxygen saturation (SO2) and blood flow in gingival tissues were measured with tissue spectrometry and laser doppler spectroscopy in 37 patients before/after tooth extractions. Patients were assigned to four groups: anamnestically and periodontally healthy patients (n = 7), anamnestically healthy but suffering from periodontitis (n = 10), anamnestically healthy but smoking and suffering from periodontitis (n = 10) and suffering from diabetes and periodontitis (n = 10). Measurements were performed at three different time points: Baseline measurement (T0), one day post extractionem (p.e.) (T1) and seven days p.e. (T2). RESULTS Baseline SO2 values were higher in control patients (p = .038). This effect was most evident in comparison to smokers suffering from periodontitis (p = .042), followed by diabetics suffering from periodontitis (p = .09). An opposite trend was seen for blood flow. Patients suffering from periodontitis demonstrated higher blood flow values (p = .012). Five patients, which belonged to the group of smokers suffering from periodontitis, showed clinically a delayed wound healing. CONCLUSION Differences in SO2 and blood flow of gingival tissue could be detected in different groups of patients with existing periodontitis compared to control patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Lower baseline SO2 values could be a warning signal for possible wound healing disorders after oral surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Mayr
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nadja Ciper
- Center for Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wahl
- Center for Dental, Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Wildenhof
- Private Clinic Schloss Schellenstein, Olsberg, Germany
| | - Stilla Frede
- Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Jäger
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Werner Götz
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Svenja Beisel-Memmert
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany.
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Bumm CV, Ern C, Folwaczny J, Wölfle UC, Heck K, Werner N, Folwaczny M. Periodontal grading-estimation of responsiveness to therapy and progression of disease. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:289. [PMID: 38691197 PMCID: PMC11062956 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the capability of periodontal grading to estimate the progression of periodontal disease and the responsiveness to therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four patients who underwent non-surgical therapy (NST) were included. Direct and indirect evidence of progression were determined according to the current classification. Responsiveness to therapy was examined using mean pocket probing depths reduction (PPDRed), reduction of bleeding on probing (BOPRed), and the rate of pocket closure (%PC) after six months. RESULTS Statistical analysis revealed no agreement between direct and indirect evidence in grading periodontitis (κ = 0.070). The actual rate of progression as determined by longitudinal data was underestimated in 13% (n = 11), overestimated in 51% (n = 43) and correctly estimated in 30% (n = 36) by indirect evidence. No significant differences in responsiveness to therapy were observed in patients graded according to direct evidence. Using indirect evidence, patients assigned grade C showed more PPDRed but less BOPRed and lower %PC compared to grade B. CONCLUSION The present data indicate that indirect evidence may lead to inaccuracies compared to direct evidence regarding the estimation of periodontal progression. However, indirect evidence seems to be more suitable in the estimation of responsiveness to therapy than direct evidence, helping to identify cases that are more likely to require additional therapies such as re-instrumentation or periodontal surgery. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Regarding the estimation of disease progression and responsiveness to periodontal therapy, accuracy and reliability of both direct and indirect evidence are limited when grading periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caspar Victor Bumm
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany.
- Private Practice, Munich, Germany.
| | - Christina Ern
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Private Practice, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Folwaczny
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Uta Christine Wölfle
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Katrin Heck
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Werner
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Folwaczny
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Li W, Li N, Liang Z, Hou X, Si Y, Wang X, Feng X, Tai B, Hu D, Lin H, Wang B, Wang C, Zheng S, Liu X, Rong W, Wang W, Sun S, Meng H, Zhang Z. Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and periodontitis: An observational study using nationally representative survey data. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:596-609. [PMID: 38268133 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
AIM The rising prevalence of periodontitis imposes substantial burdens on individuals and society. Identifying environmental risk factors for periodontitis may contribute to tackling the global public health burden of it. This study aimed to assess the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and periodontitis in a nationally representative population from China. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this multi-centre cross-sectional study of 372 communities in 31 provinces of Mainland China, we used data from the Fourth National Oral Health Survey of China in 2015-2016, in combination with high-resolution gridded concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between long-term PM2.5 exposure and the risk of periodontitis. In addition, we examined whether the association varied by individual characteristics, and estimated the exposure-response relationship and the risk of damaged tooth in each tooth quadrant. RESULTS A total of 8391 participants from 96 cities were diagnosed with periodontitis, accounting for 60.04% (8391/13,459) of the participants. For each 10 μg/m3 increment in 1-, 3- and 5-year average concentrations of PM2.5, the risk of total periodontitis increased by 9.0% (95% confidence interval: 6.0%, 12.0%), 8.0% (6.0, 11·0) and 7.0% (5.0, 10.0), respectively. Mild periodontitis was more strongly associated with PM2.5 exposure than moderate and severe periodontitis. The teeth in the lower anterior, lower posterior or upper anterior are more susceptible to the effect of PM2.5 on the periodontal pocket, calculus and bleeding gums. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to PM2.5 is significantly associated with an increased risk of periodontitis in the nationally representative Chinese population. Considering the rising prevalence of periodontitis, considerable costs of treatment, and substantially adverse effects on individuals and society, these findings suggest that stricter air quality regulations may help ease the burden of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhisheng Liang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingduo Hou
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Si
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, China
| | - Xiping Feng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baojun Tai
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deyu Hu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huancai Lin
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yet-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Chinese Stomatological Association, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxiao Wang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wensheng Rong
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Weijian Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shengzhi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxing Meng
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Jung YS, Kim YS, Kim KR. Association between multimorbidity and periodontal disease in Korean adults: A nationwide cross-sectional cohort study. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:376-383. [PMID: 38265187 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association between multimorbidity, which refers to the presence of two or more chronic diseases, and periodontal disease in Korean adults using national survey data. METHODS A total of 12,440 Korean adults aged ≥19 years were selected from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We investigated periodontal disease status based on various variables, including the gender, age, educational level, income level, smoking and alcohol drinking status, frequency of daily toothbrushing, and unmet dental treatment needs. Furthermore, periodontal status according to diagnosed chronic diseases, including hypertension, dyslipidaemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, and diabetes, was investigated, and the association between multimorbidity and periodontal disease was analysed through multiple logistic regression using SAS 9.4. RESULTS According to the general characteristics of the study participants, the prevalence of periodontal disease was higher in males, smokers, older age, and lower educational and income levels (p < 0.001). Moreover, as the frequency of daily toothbrushing increased, the distribution of periodontal disease decreased (p < 0.001). The prevalence of periodontal disease was higher in those with chronic diseases than in those without chronic diseases and was statistically significantly higher as the number of diagnosed chronic diseases increased (p < 0.001). Additionally, an increase in the number of chronic diseases was observed to increase the prevalence and risk of periodontal disease. CONCLUSION These results suggest that multimorbidity significantly affects the prevalence of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sook Jung
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Young-Seok Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
| | - Ki-Rim Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Korea
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Lee CT, Zhang K, Li W, Tang K, Ling Y, Walji MF, Jiang X. Identifying predictors of the tooth loss phenotype in a large periodontitis patient cohort using a machine learning approach. J Dent 2024; 144:104921. [PMID: 38437976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify predictors associated with the tooth loss phenotype in a large periodontitis patient cohort in the university setting. METHODS Information on periodontitis patients and nineteen factors identified at the initial visit was extracted from electronic health records. The primary outcome is tooth loss phenotype (presence or absence of tooth loss). Prediction models were built on significant factors (single or combinatory) selected by the RuleFit algorithm, and these factors were further adopted by regression models. Model performance was evaluated by Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) and Area Under the Precision-Recall Curve (AUPRC). Associations between predictors and the tooth loss phenotype were also evaluated by classical statistical approaches to validate the performance of machine learning models. RESULTS In total, 7840 patients were included. The machine learning model predicting the tooth loss phenotype achieved AUROC of 0.71 and AUPRC of 0.66. Age, periodontal diagnosis, number of missing teeth at baseline, furcation involvement, and tooth mobility were associated with the tooth loss phenotype in both machine learning and classical statistical models. CONCLUSIONS The rule-based machine learning approach improves model explainability compared to classical statistical methods. However, the model's generalizability needs to be further validated by external datasets. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Predictors identified by the current machine learning approach using the RuleFit algorithm had clinically relevant thresholds in predicting the tooth loss phenotype in a large and diverse periodontitis patient cohort. The results of this study will assist clinicians in performing risk assessment for periodontitis at the initial visit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Teh Lee
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, 7500 Cambridge Street, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Biomedical Informatics, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, Texas, USA; Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Component, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kaichen Tang
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Biomedical Informatics, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yaobin Ling
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Biomedical Informatics, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Muhammad F Walji
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Biomedical Informatics, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, 7000 Fannin St., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoqian Jiang
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Biomedical Informatics, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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De Lauretis A, Øvrebø Ø, Romandini M, Lyngstadaas SP, Rossi F, Haugen HJ. From Basic Science to Clinical Practice: A Review of Current Periodontal/Mucogingival Regenerative Biomaterials. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308848. [PMID: 38380549 PMCID: PMC11077667 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a dysbiosis-driven inflammatory disease affecting the tooth-supporting tissues, characterized by their progressive resorption, which can ultimately lead to tooth loss. A step-wise therapeutic approach is employed for periodontitis. After an initial behavioral and non-surgical phase, intra-bony or furcation defects may be amenable to regenerative procedures. This review discusses the regenerative technologies employed for periodontal regeneration, highlighting the current limitations and future research areas. The search, performed on the MEDLINE database, has identified the available biomaterials, including biologicals (autologous platelet concentrates, hydrogels), bone grafts (pure or putty), and membranes. Biologicals and bone grafts have been critically analyzed in terms of composition, mechanism of action, and clinical applications. Although a certain degree of periodontal regeneration is predictable in intra-bony and class II furcation defects, complete defect closure is hardly achieved. Moreover, treating class III furcation defects remains challenging. The key properties required for functional regeneration are discussed, and none of the commercially available biomaterials possess all the ideal characteristics. Therefore, research is needed to promote the advancement of more effective and targeted regenerative therapies for periodontitis. Lastly, improving the design and reporting of clinical studies is suggested by strictly adhering to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela De Lauretis
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoMilan20133Italy
| | - Øystein Øvrebø
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoMilan20133Italy
| | - Mario Romandini
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
| | - Ståle Petter Lyngstadaas
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”Politecnico di MilanoMilan20133Italy
| | - Håvard Jostein Haugen
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OsloOslo0455Norway
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Hwang SM, Kim TY, Kim A, Kim YG, Park JW, Lee JM, Kim JY, Suh JY. Resveratrol facilitates bone formation in high-glucose conditions. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1347756. [PMID: 38706943 PMCID: PMC11066205 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1347756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is known to be affected by high-glucose conditions, which poses a challenge to periodontal tissue regeneration, particularly in bone formation. In this study, the potential effects of resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, RSV) in facilitating bone formation under high-glucose conditions after periodontitis has been investigated. We focused on the analysis of osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells, which are essential for bone formation including cell proliferation and differentiation. And we aimed to investigate the impact of RSV on bone healing, employed diabetic mouse model induced by streptozotocin and confirmed through histological observation. High-glucose conditions adversely affected cell proliferation and ALP activity in both MC3T3-E1 and hPDLF in vitro, with more significant impact on MC3T3-E1 cells. RSV under high-glucose conditions had positive effects on both, showing early-stage effects for MC3T3-E1 cells and later-stage effects for hPDLF cells. RSV seemed to have a more pronounced rescuing role in MC3T3-E1 cells. Increased ALP activity was observed and the expression levels of significant genes, such as Col 1, TGF-β1, ALP, and OC, in osteogenic differentiation were exhibited stage-specific expression patterns. Upregulated Col 1 and TGF-β1 were detected in the early stage, and then ALP and OC expressions became more pronounced in the later stages. Similarly, stronger positive reactions against RUNX2 were detected in the RSV-treated group compared to the control. Furthermore, in in vivo experiment, RSV stimulates the growth and differentiation of osteoblasts, thereby promoting bone formation. High-glucose levels have the potential to impair cellular functions and the regenerative capacity to facilitate bone formation with MC3T3-E1 rather than hPDLF cells. Resveratrol appears to facilitate the inherent abilities of MC3T3-E1 cells compared with hPDLF cells, indicating its potential capacity to restore functionality during periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min Hwang
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Gun Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Mok Lee
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jo-Young Suh
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Morita M, Nambu T, Yamasaki R, Nagai-Yoshioka Y, Inoue M, Nishihara T, Okinaga T, Ariyoshi W. Characterization of oral microbiota in 6-8-month-old small breed dogs. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:138. [PMID: 38580990 PMCID: PMC10996209 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is the most common oral disease in dogs, and its progression and severity are influenced by risk factors, such as age and body size. Recent studies have assessed the canine oral microbiota in relation to different stages of periodontitis and niches within the oral cavity. However, knowledge of the bacterial composition at different ages and body sizes, especially in puppies, is limited. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiota in the healthy gingiva of small breed puppies using next-generation sequencing. Additionally, we assessed the impact of dental care practices and the presence of retained deciduous teeth on the oral microbiota. RESULTS In this study, plaque samples were collected from the gingival margin of 20 small breed puppies (age, 6.9 ± 0.6 months). The plaque samples were subjected to next-generation sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region of the 16 S rRNA. The microbiota of the plaque samples was composed mostly of gram-negative bacteria, primarily Proteobacteria (54.12%), Bacteroidetes (28.79%), and Fusobacteria (5.11%). Moraxella sp. COT-017, Capnocytophaga cynodegmi COT-254, and Bergeyella zoohelcum COT-186 were abundant in the oral cavity of the puppies. In contrast, Neisseria animaloris were not detected. The high abundance of Pasteurellaceae suggests that this genus is characteristic of the oral microbiota in puppies. Dental care practices and the presence of retained deciduous teeth showed no effects on the oral microbiota. CONCLUSIONS In this study, many bacterial species previously reported to be detected in the normal oral cavity of adult dogs were also detected in 6-8-month-old small breed dogs. On the other hand, some bacterial species were not detected at all, while others were detected in high abundance. These data indicate that the oral microbiota of 6-8-month-old small breed dogs is in the process of maturating in to the adult microbiota and may also have characteristics of the small dog oral microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Morita
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
- Saki Animal Hospital, 1-19-33, Mukaino, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-0035, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nambu
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1121, Japan
| | - Ryota Yamasaki
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshie Nagai-Yoshioka
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Maki Inoue
- Dental Center for Regional Medical Survey, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6- 1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Nishihara
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
- Dental Center for Regional Medical Survey, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6- 1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Toshinori Okinaga
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha-Hanazono, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1121, Japan
| | - Wataru Ariyoshi
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan.
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Menezes CCD, Barbirato DDS, Fogacci MF, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Carneiro JRI, Maia LC, Barros MCMD. Systemic benefits of periodontal therapy in patients with obesity and periodontitis: a systematic review. Braz Oral Res 2024; 38:e031. [PMID: 38597549 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to answer the focused question: "What are the benefits of subgingival periodontal therapy on blood hematological and biochemical index, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, quality of life, and periodontal pathogen counts in patients with obesity and periodontitis?". A systematic literature search was performed in six databases: PubMed, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane and SCOPUS and other sources, and a manual search was conducted as well. Inclusion criteria were randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, and before-and-after studies on patients with obesity subjected to periodontal therapy. The results were synthesized qualitatively. Risk of bias within studies was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I tools. The certainty of evidence was evaluated following the GRADE approach. Three randomized controlled trials and 15 before-and-after studies were included. Randomized controlled trials were considered to have a low risk of bias, as compared to before-and-after studies assessed as having low, serious, and critical risks of bias. Non-surgical periodontal therapy plus azithromycin, chlorhexidine, and cetylpyridinium chloride reduced blood pressure and decreased serum levels of HbA1c, hsCRP, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Salivary resistin level also decreased in patients with obesity and periodontitis after therapy and chlorhexidine mouth rinse. Before-and-after data suggest an improvement in total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, insulin resistance, C3, GCF levels of TNF-α, chemerin, vaspin, omentin-1, visfatin, 8-OHdG, and periodontal pathogen counts after therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Callegaro de Menezes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Dental School, Division of Periodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Davi da Silva Barbirato
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Dental School, Division of Periodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Fampa Fogacci
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - João Régis Ivar Carneiro
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Clementino Fraga Filho Hospital University, Department of Nutrology/Bariatric Surgery, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Copple Maia
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Mohamed AM, Ahmed F, Gondi KM, Salem KA, Mohammed OB, Peeran SW. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Teledentistry in Periodontal Diagnosis Among Dental Interns at a College in Sebha, Libya: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e58330. [PMID: 38752082 PMCID: PMC11094666 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Teledentistry, a subspecialty of telemedicine dedicated to dentistry, has shown promise in improving access to dental care, particularly in rural and isolated areas. It integrates digital and telecommunication technology with dentistry, allowing for the remote distance exchange of relevant clinical information and digital dental imaging for dental consultation and treatment planning. Periodontal disease diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment and prevention of irreversible loss of periodontal structures. Early identification of periodontal disease can be pivotal in preventing periodontal tissue destruction and tooth loss and improving the overall quality of patients' lives. Sebha is a city located in the Fezzan region of southwestern Libya. It is the capital of the Sabha District and the Sabha Governorate. The city is situated in the Libyan part of the Sahara desert and is known for its strategic location as a gateway to the Sahara desert. However, there is a lack of information on the use of teledentistry in Libya in general and the use of teleperiodontics, especially in periodontal diagnosis. Hence, the aim of this questionnaire study was to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practice of teledentistry among dental interns at Sebha, Libya. Materials and methods A paper-based questionnaire consisting of 28 close‑ended Likert scale questions, including sections assessing the knowledge, attitude, and practice of teledentistry and teleperiodontics, was administered to dental interns at the Faculty of Dentistry, Sebha University, Sebha, Libya. Results The study surveyed 42 dental interns of the Faculty of Sebha, Libya, in total, with an 82.35% response rate among them. The majority of participants (59.5%) felt that teledentistry is reliable in arriving at periodontal diagnosis. The majority of participants (64.3%%) also had acceptable levels of trust in teledentistry equipment. However, over 45% percent of dental practitioners voiced their worries about patient privacy. Most of the participants suggested using teledentistry in some form in their future practice. Conclusion Teledentistry and its branch teleperiodontics are recent developments and its penetration among dental healthcare workers, and their knowledge, attitude, and practice remain to be thoroughly understood. The changing trends in attitudes and practice as a consequence of changes in Internet and technological awareness and the effects of the pandemic warrant closer observation and study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel M Mohamed
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sebha University, Sebha, LBY
| | - Fatma Ahmed
- Faculty of Dentistry, Sebha University, Sebha, LBY
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Wu Y, Yang H, Jin W, Wu Y, Yu Y, Chen Q, He B, Yan F, Li Y, Chen F. Association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and periodontitis: Results from a large population-based study. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:441-451. [PMID: 38158854 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM To explore the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (measured using urinary metabolites) and periodontitis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2014. MATERIALS AND METHODS Weighted binary logistic regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were used to evaluate independent and joint associations between the six urinary monohydroxylated metabolites of PAHs (OH-PAHs) and periodontitis. RESULTS In all, 3413 participants were included in this study. All six urinary OH-PAHs were present at higher levels in the periodontitis group compared with the non-periodontitis group (p < .001). Fully adjusted multivariable logistic regressions showed positive associations between the six urinary OH-PAHs and periodontitis (p < .05). Higher concentrations of OH-PAHs were also positively associated with attachment loss, periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and the number of tooth loss. BKMR and WQS regression yielded similar positive associations between OH-PAH mixtures and periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS PAHs and their mixture are positively associated with periodontitis, which may provide novel insights into periodontitis prevention from an environmental exposure perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiqiu Jin
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiming Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiansi Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baochang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fa Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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Man Y, Zhang C, Cheng C, Yan L, Zong M, Niu F. Hormone replacement therapy and periodontitis progression in postmenopausal women: A prospective cohort study. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38523058 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the responses of periodontal environment to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal women with or without periodontitis. BACKGROUND HRT is a common and effective strategy for controlling menopausal symptoms, while the changes of periodontal environment under it, particularly in postmenopausal women with periodontitis, remain unclear. METHODS As a prospective cohort study, a total of 97 postmenopausal women receiving HRT were screened, including 47 with and 50 without periodontitis. Correspondingly, 97 women did not receiving HRT were screened as controls during the same period. The full-mouth sulcus bleeding index (SBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured using periodontal probes. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the gingival crevicular fluid were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, cone beam computed tomography was performed to measure the alveolar bone height (ABH) and bone mineral density (BMD). RESULTS In postmenopausal women without periodontitis, no significantly changes on periodontal parameters were observed after HRT. In women with stage II periodontitis, SBI, BOP, IL-6, and TNF-α were significant decreased after one year and two years of HRT. Compared to the controls, women with stage II periodontitis who underwent HRT had significantly lower CAL and ABH and higher BMD in the second year. The incidence of at least one site with CAL increase ≥1 mm between baseline and 2 years was significantly lower in the HRT group than in the control group in women with stage II periodontitis. In addition, HRT was significantly associated with a decrease in SBI, BOP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the first year and with a decrease in CAL, SBI, BOP, IL-6, and ABH and an increase in BMD in the second year. CONCLUSIONS In postmenopausal women with stage II periodontitis, HRT is associated with the alleviation of inflammation within two years and the remission of alveolar bone loss in the second year. HRT appears to decrease the incidence of CAL increase ≥1 mm within 2 years in women with periodontitis by inhibiting inflammation and alveolar bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Man
- Department of Stomatology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Dongying District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongying, Shandong Province, China
| | - Laiqi Yan
- Department of Emergency, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong Province, China
| | - Min Zong
- Department of Stomatology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong Province, China
| | - Feifei Niu
- Department of Gynaecology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong Province, China
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Hakeem FF, AlQobaly L, Hamadallah HH, Aloufi AM, Tarawah RA, Aloufi NG, Khaleefah FA. Prevalence of periodontitis in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Saudi Dent J 2024; 36:395-403. [PMID: 38525177 PMCID: PMC10960097 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this systematic review was to assess the prevalence of periodontal disease among Saudi Arabian adults based on studies conducted from 1992 to 2023. Methods The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Three databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane library) and the Saudi Dental Journal were searched for published literature up to June 2023 using prespecified search strategy. Quality of included studies was checked using the risk of bias in population-based prevalence studies tool. Results The systematic review included 15 studies that assessed the prevalence of periodontal disease in Saudi Arabia. Most of the studies used non-confident case definitions. The pooled estimate of periodontal disease prevalence in Saudi Arabia based on the data of 14 which included 6,596 individuals is 51% (95% CI: 35.99, 73.05). Conclusion Periodontal disease is a significant public health issue in Saudi Arabia, with a substantial prevalence among the included participants. Nevertheless, the existing studies exhibit methodological disparities and regional limitations. Therefore, while the results shed light on the pressing nature of periodontal disease in Saudi Arabia, further comprehensive research is imperative. A more accurate estimate, coupled with effective strategies, can be achieved through broader, multidisciplinary collaborations and the prioritization of a national oral health survey in Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal F. Hakeem
- College of Dentistry, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina AlQobaly
- King Fahad Hospital, Ministry of Health, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Aseel Mohammed Aloufi
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raneem Ahmad Tarawah
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Ghazai Aloufi
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Feras Ahmad Khaleefah
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University Dental College & Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Samartzidou EK. Animal disease evidenced in the bone assemblage of a Late Neolithic settlement in Greece: Implications for animal management. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2024; 44:126-139. [PMID: 38325147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the paper is to interpret pathologies on faunal remains in an effort to evaluate the presence of husbandry practices. MATERIALS Bones and bone fragments from the Neolithic site of Dispilio, Greece. Those of domestic species were further studied. METHODS The pathological cases were examined macroscopically, the lesions were described, images were taken, and differential diagnoses were undertaken using published literature. RESULTS 77 out of the 13,026 bones and bone fragments recovered displayed pathological conditions including oral disease, joint disease, trauma and congenital conditions. Most pathologies were found in the axial skeleton of caprines. CONCLUSIONS Pathological conditions in caprines are possibly related to the use of overgrazed pastures and fattening of females and castrates. These cases indicate specific husbandry practices used at the site. SIGNIFICANCE Reconstructing husbandry practices is complex, especially in extremely old sites with fragmentary remains. This study provides one of the very few studies of a large Neolithic animal bone assemblage providing insight into early human-animal interactions in Greece. LIMITATIONS The research is based on the bone material of the two later occupation phases of the site. It includes material from one site. SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH The bone assemblage of the earlier occupation phase should be studied for a diachronic investigation of husbandry practices at the site. Investigation of pathological cases in more settlements would provide a larger database for the evaluation of husbandry practices in Neolithic Greece.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni K Samartzidou
- Faculty of History and Archaeology, School of Philosophy, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
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46
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Yin X, Wu Y, Song J. Investigating the causal relationship between human blood/urine metabolites and periodontal disease using two-sample Mendelian randomization. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1895. [PMID: 38469110 PMCID: PMC10925816 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The aim is to investigate the cause-and-effect connection between metabolites found in blood/urine and the likelihood of developing periodontal disease (PD) through the utilization of a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method. Methods Using an inverse variance weighted (IVW) method and two additional two-sample MR models, we examined the relationship between blood/urine metabolites and PD by analyzing data from a comprehensive metabolome-based genome-wide association study and the Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of PD. To assess the consistency and dependability of the findings, diversity, cross-effects, and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results Out of the 35 metabolites found in blood and urine, a total of eight metabolites (C-reactive protein, Potassium in urine, Urea, Cystatin C, Non-albumin protein, Creatinine, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, and Phosphate) displayed a possible causal connection with the risk of dental caries/PD using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method (p < 0.05). This includes five metabolites in the blood and three in the urine. No metabolites were statistically significant in IVW MR models (p < 3.68 × 10- 4). Even after conducting sensitivity analysis with the leave-one-out method and removing the confounding instrumental variables, the impact of these factors on dental caries/PD remained significant. Conclusion Based on the available evidence, it is not possible to establish a significant causal link between the 35 blood metabolites and the likelihood of developing dental caries and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhai Yin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryGuizhou Provincial People's HospitalGuiyangChina
| | - Yadong Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Jukun Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryThe Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
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Liu S, Butler CA, Ayton S, Reynolds EC, Dashper SG. Porphyromonas gingivalis and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Crit Rev Microbiol 2024; 50:127-137. [PMID: 36597758 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2163613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved, remain major unanswered questions in medical science. Oral bacteria, especially those species associated with chronic periodontitis and particularly Porphyromonas gingivalis, are being linked causally to AD pathophysiology in a subpopulation of susceptible individuals. P. gingivalis produces large amounts of proteolytic enzymes, haem and iron capture proteins, adhesins and internalins that are secreted and attached to the cell surface and concentrated onto outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). These enzymes and adhesive proteins have been shown to cause host tissue damage and stimulate inflammatory responses. The ecological and pathophysiological roles of P. gingivalis OMVs, their ability to disperse widely throughout the host and deliver functional proteins lead to the proposal that they may be the link between a P. gingivalis focal infection in the subgingivae during periodontitis and neurodegeneration in AD. P. gingivalis OMVs can cross the blood brain barrier and may accelerate AD-specific neuropathology by increasing neuroinflammation, plaque/tangle formation and dysregulation of iron homeostasis, thereby inducing ferroptosis leading to neuronal death and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixin Liu
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Catherine A Butler
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Scott Ayton
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Eric C Reynolds
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stuart G Dashper
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Melbourne Dental School, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Zalewska EA, Ławicka R, Grygorczuk P, Nowosielska M, Kicman A, Ławicki S. Importance of Metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) in the Diagnosis of Periodontitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2721. [PMID: 38473967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex condition. Left untreated, it leads to tooth loss and the need for prosthetic treatment. The incidence of periodontitis is steadily increasing, so new methods are being sought to aid in the diagnosis of the disease. Among the methods postulated is the determination of concentrations of bioactive compounds which include extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). These enzymes are present in various structural elements of the stomatognathic system. The most promising enzyme of this group appears to be metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8). MMP-8 assays are performed in gingival fluid or saliva, and MMP-8 levels have been shown to be higher in patients with periodontitis compared to healthy subjects and correlated with some clinical parameters of the condition and the severity of the disease. In addition, the preliminary usefulness of this enzyme in evaluating the effectiveness of periodontal treatment and doxycycline therapy has been demonstrated. Determination of the active form of MMP-8 (aMMP-8) in oral rinse fluid using off-the-shelf assays shows the highest potential. Despite reports about aMMP-8 and promising data on the role of MMP-8 in periodontal diagnosis, a clear determination of the usefulness of this enzyme requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renata Ławicka
- The "Karedent" Dental Clinic, Bukowskiego 1/u3, 15-006 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Grygorczuk
- The "Karedent" Dental Clinic, Bukowskiego 1/u3, 15-006 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Nowosielska
- Department of Gerostomatology, Medical University of Białystok, Akademicka 3, 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kicman
- Department of Aesthetic Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Akademicka 3, 15-267 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Sławomir Ławicki
- Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Białystok, Waszyngtona 13a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Wu Y, Qiu Y, Wu Y, Li H, Yang H, Deng Q, He B, Yan F, Li Y, Chen F. Association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with periodontitis: the mediating role of sex hormones. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:243. [PMID: 38360594 PMCID: PMC10870532 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03863-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and periodontitis, and further explore the possible mediating role of sex hormones in this association. METHODS We extracted data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2014. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were performed to investigate the association between serum levels of seven PFASs and periodontitis. Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) was conducted to assess the joint effect of PFASs in mixtures. Mediation analyses were used to explore the potential mediating role of sex hormones. RESULTS Participants with periodontitis had higher concentrations of serum perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) than those without periodontitis (both P < 0.05). In fully adjusted models, high serum concentrations of PFOS and PFNA were positively associated with periodontitis (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.19 for PFOS, 95% CI: 1.01-1.39; PR = 1.17 for PFNA, 95% CI: 1.02-1.34). The results from the BKMR models consistently showed a positive association between PFAS mixtures and periodontitis. Of note, testosterone and the ratio of testosterone to estradiol significantly mediated the relationship between high level of PFOS and periodontitis, accounting for 16.5% and 31.7% of the total effect, respectively. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results when using periodontal clinical indices (mean loss of attachment, mean periodontal probing depth, and the number of teeth) as dependent variables. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence to support a positive association between certain PFASs and periodontitis, which might be partially mediated by sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Yuying Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Husheng Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Qingrong Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Baochang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yanfen Li
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Fa Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China.
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Wu T, Bai Y, Jing Y, Chen F. What can we learn from treatments of oral lichen planus? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1279220. [PMID: 38426013 PMCID: PMC10902003 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1279220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP), a T-lymphocyte-mediated disease of the oral mucosa, has a complex pathogenesis that involves a number of factors. The disease is characterized by recurrent episodes and requires continuous follow up, and there is no curative treatment available. Erosive lichen planus, among others, has a risk of malignant transformation and requires standardized treatment to control its progression. Different clinical subtypes of oral lichen planus require appropriate treatment. Pharmacological treatments are the most widely available and have the greatest variety of options and a number of novel pharmacological treatments are presented as highlights, including JAK enzyme inhibitors. The second is photodynamic therapy, which is the leading physiological treatment. In addition, periodontal treatment and psychological treatment should not be neglected. In this review, we briefly discuss the most recent developments in therapies for oral lichen planus after summarizing the most widely used clinical treatments, aiming to provide different proposals for future clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yin Jing
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangchun Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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