1
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Jiang X, Han X, Kong T, Wu Y, Shan L, Yang Z, Liu Y, Wang F. Association of impulsive behavior and cerebrospinal fluid/plasma oxidation and antioxidation ratio in Chinese men. Brain Res 2024; 1835:148935. [PMID: 38609031 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impulsive behavior is the precursor of many psychiatric and neurological conditions. High levels of impulsive behavior will increase health risk behavior and related injuries. Impulsive behavior is produced and regulated by central and peripheral biological factors, and oxidative stress (OS) can aggravate it. However, previous studies only showed that impulsive behavior was related to the level of the peripheral OS. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the relationship between OS and impulsive behavior in the brain and peripheral blood. METHODS We recruited 64 Chinese men. We measured superoxide dismutase (SOD) (including copper, zinc and manganese) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) (including total, inducible and constitutive) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale version 11 (BIS-11) was used to evaluate impulsive behavior. The relationship between OS and impulsive behavior was evaluated by partial correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Partial correlation analysis showed that the ratio of total NOS-to-MnSOD and iNOS-to-MnSOD in CSF were negatively correlated with the BIS-11 motor scores (r = -0.431, p = -0.001; r = -0.434, p = -0.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the ratio of CSF iNOS-to-MnSOD was the most influential variable on the BIS-11 motor scores(β = -0.434, t = -3.433, 95 %CI(-0.374, -0.098), p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The imbalance of central oxidation and antioxidation is related to impulsive behavior, which broadens our understanding of the correlation between impulsive behavior and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Jiang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100096, China; Medical Neurobiology Lab, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010110, China
| | - Xiaoli Han
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Friendship Hospital of Urumqi, Urumqi 830049, China
| | - Tiantian Kong
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorder Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830063, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Ligang Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zhuqing Yang
- Medical Neurobiology Lab, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010110, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Fan Wang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100096, China.
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2
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Silva FB, Costa AC, Müller C, Almeida GM, Nascimento KJT, Batista PF, Vital RG, Silva DG, Megguer CA, Jakelaitis A, Domingos M. Searching for biomarkers of early detection of 2,4-D effects in a native tree species from the Brazilian Cerrado biome. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2022; 57:71-80. [PMID: 35114885 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2028528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity in the Brazilian Cerrado biome has been declining sharply with the continued expansion of agriculture and the excessive use of herbicides. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the morphophysiological and biochemical responses in Dipteryx alata plants to various doses of the herbicide 2,4-D. Specific biomarkers that characterize the phytoindicator potential of this species were determined. Gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes and cellulase were performed after 24, 96 and/or 396 hours after 2,4-D application (HAA). The herbicide caused higher antioxidant enzymatic activity 24 HAA and damage to the photosynthetic machinery after 96 HAA. Reduction in gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and photochemical traits were observed. Increased respiratory rates, non-photochemical quenching, and carotenoid concentrations in 2,4-D-treated plants were important mechanisms in the defense against the excess energy absorbed. Furthermore, the absence of leaf symptoms suggested tolerance of D. alata to 2,4-D. Nevertheless, changes in the photosynthetic and biochemical metabolism of D. alata are useful as early indicators of herbicide contamination, especially in the absence of visual symptoms. These results are important for early monitoring of plants in conserved areas and for preventing damage to sensitive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábia Barbosa Silva
- Ciência e Tecnologia - Campus Rio Verde, Instituto Federal Goiano de Educação, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratório de Estudo de Plantas sob Estresse, Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Carlos Costa
- Ciência e Tecnologia - Campus Rio Verde, Instituto Federal Goiano de Educação, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Caroline Müller
- Ciência e Tecnologia - Campus Rio Verde, Instituto Federal Goiano de Educação, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Martins Almeida
- Ciência e Tecnologia - Campus Rio Verde, Instituto Federal Goiano de Educação, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Ferreira Batista
- Ciência e Tecnologia - Campus Rio Verde, Instituto Federal Goiano de Educação, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Roberto Gomes Vital
- Ciência e Tecnologia - Campus Rio Verde, Instituto Federal Goiano de Educação, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Danilo Guimarães Silva
- Ciência e Tecnologia - Campus Rio Verde, Instituto Federal Goiano de Educação, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Clarice Aparecida Megguer
- Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano - Campus Morrinhos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Morrinhos, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Adriano Jakelaitis
- Ciência e Tecnologia - Campus Rio Verde, Instituto Federal Goiano de Educação, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marisa Domingos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia, Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Incharoen T, Roytrakul S, Likittrakulwong W. Dietary Germinated Paddy Rice and Stocking Density Affect Egg Performance, Serum Biochemical Properties, and Proteomic and Transcriptomic Response of Laying Hens Exposed to Chronic Heat Stress. Proteomes 2021; 9:48. [PMID: 34941813 PMCID: PMC8708272 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Germinated paddy rice (GPR) could be a good alternative feed source for poultry with stocking density and heat stress problems. A total of 72 Hy-line Brown laying hens raised under low (LSD, 0.12 m2/bird) and high stocking densities (HSD, 0.06 m2/bird) were investigated. Three dietary GPR levels (0, 74 and 148 g/kg) were used. It was found that average daily feed intake, hen-day egg production, and egg mass significantly decreased in the HSD group. The levels of serum glucose (GLU), phosphorous (P), corticosterone (CORT), total Ig, lysozyme (LZY), and superoxide dismutase activities (SOD) in the HSD group were higher than those in the LSD group. Dietary GPR significantly affected GLU, P, alternative complement haemolytic 50 (ACH50), total Ig, and LZY. Moreover, CORT level significantly decreased in 74 and 148 g/kg dietary GPR groups, whereas SOD significantly increased only in the 148 g/kg dietary GPR group. Serum samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and 8607 proteins were identified. Proteome analysis revealed 19 proteins which were enriched in different stocking densities and dietary GPR levels. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR technique was successfully used to verify the differentiated abundant protein profile changes. The proteins identified in this study could serve as appropriate biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tossaporn Incharoen
- Department of Agricultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resource and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani 12100, Thailand;
| | - Wirot Likittrakulwong
- Animal Science Program, Faculty of Food and Agricultural Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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4
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Yu Z, Hou Y, Zhou W, Zhao Z, Liu Z, Fu A. The effect of mitochondrial transplantation therapy from different gender on inhibiting cell proliferation of malignant melanoma. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2021-2033. [PMID: 34131403 PMCID: PMC8193273 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.59581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Today mitochondria are considered much more than a energy plant in cells. Mitochondrial transplantation therapy has been an active research area for treating mitochondria-associated diseases from animal studies to clinical trials. However, the specific mechanism involved in the anti-tumor activity of healthy mitochondria remain to be characterized. Here we investigate the signal mechanism and gender difference of mitochondrial transplantation therapy against malignant melanoma. In the study, we administrated intact mitochondria extracted from mouse livers respectively to the mice bearing malignantly subcutaneous and metastatic melanoma, and identified the signal mechanism responsible for the mitochondrial treatment through transcriptomic analysis. Meanwhile, the efficiency of female mitochondria and male mitochondria was compared in the cultured melanoma cells and transplanted melanoma in mice. The results suggested that the mitochondria significantly inhibited the tumor cell proliferation in vitro through cell cycle arrest and induction of cell apoptosis. In the melanoma-bearing mice, the mitochondria retard the tumor growth and lung migration, and the transcriptomic analysis indicated that general chromosome silencing was strongly associated with the mitochondria against melanoma after the mitochondrial transplantation on the metastasis melanoma. Moreover, the anti-tumor activity of mitochondria from female animals was more efficient in comparison to the males, and the female mitochondria could probably induce more persuasive mitochondria-nuclear communication than the mitochondria from male mice. The study identifies the anti-tumor mechanism of the mitochondrial transplantation therapy, and provides a novel insight into the effect of mitochondria from different gender.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ailing Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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5
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Mumyatova VA, Balakina AA, Lapshina MA, Sen' VD, Kornev AB, Terent'ev AA. Influence of Tumor Suppressor p53 Functioning on the Expression of Antioxidant System Genes under the Action of Cytotoxic Compounds. Bull Exp Biol Med 2020; 169:169-175. [PMID: 32504383 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-020-04844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of inhibition of the tumor suppressor p53 on the antioxidant system genes expression under the influence of cytotoxic compounds of the platinum group was studied. It was found that the action of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes induced accumulation of p53 protein with a maximum in 12 h, which was confirmed by an increase in the expression of the P21 gene, the target gene of the p53 protein. It was shown that the action of platinum complexes activated the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 genes. Suppression of p53 protein functions with specific inhibitor α-piphitrin under the action of platinum complexes reduced the expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 genes and the target gene P21, which attested to the p53-dependent regulation of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Mumyatova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia.
- Scientific and Educational Center in Chernogolovka of Moscow Region State University, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia.
| | - A A Balakina
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Center in Chernogolovka of Moscow Region State University, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia
| | - M A Lapshina
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Center in Chernogolovka of Moscow Region State University, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia
| | - V D Sen'
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
| | - A B Kornev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
| | - A A Terent'ev
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
- M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Scientific and Educational Center in Chernogolovka of Moscow Region State University, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia
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6
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Bigi A, Beltrami E, Trinei M, Stendardo M, Pelicci PG, Giorgio M. Cyclophilin D counteracts P53-mediated growth arrest and promotes Ras tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2016; 35:5132-43. [PMID: 26973251 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial alterations induced by oncogenes are known to be crucial for tumorigenesis. Ras oncogene leads to proliferative signals through a Raf-1/MEK/ERK kinase cascade, whose components have been found to be also associated with mitochondria. The mitochondrial pepdidyl-prolyl isomerase cyclophilin D (CypD) is an important regulator of the mitochondrial permeability transition and a key player in mitochondria physiology; however, its role in cancer is still unclear. Using cellular and in vivo mouse models, we demonstrated that CypD protein upregulation induced by oncogenic Ras through the Raf-1/MEK/ERK pathway has a deterministic role in tumor progression. In fact, targeting CypD gene expression clearly affected RasV12-induced transformation, as showed by in vitro data on murine NIH3T3 and human MCF10A mammary epithelial cells. In addition, studies in xenograft and K-Ras lung cancer mouse models demonstrated that genetic deletion or pharmacological suppression of CypD efficiently prevented Ras-dependent tumor formation. Furthermore, Erbb2-mediated breast tumorigenesis was similarly prevented by targeting CypD. From a mechanistic point of view, CypD expression was associated with a reduced induction of p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p53 functions, unraveling an antagonistic function of CypD on p21-p53-mediated growth suppression. CypD activity is p53 dependent. Interestingly, a physical association between p53 and CypD was detected in mitochondria of MCF10A cells; furthermore, both in vitro and in vivo studies proved that CypD inhibitor-based treatment was able to efficiently impair this interaction, leading to a tumor formation reduction. All together, these findings indicate that the countering effect of CypD on the p53-p21 pathway participates in oncogene-dependent transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bigi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - E Beltrami
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - M Trinei
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - M Stendardo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - P G Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - M Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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7
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SOD3 Ameliorates H2O2-Induced Oxidative Damage in SH-SY5Y Cells by Inhibiting the Mitochondrial Pathway. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1818-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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8
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Shimizu T, Kawai J, Ouchi K, Kikuchi H, Osima Y, Hidemi R. Agarol, an ergosterol derivative from Agaricus blazei, induces caspase-independent apoptosis in human cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:1670-8. [PMID: 26893131 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Agaricus blazei (A. blazei) is a mushroom with many biological effects and active ingredients. We purified a tumoricidal substance from A. blazei, an ergosterol derivative, and named it 'Agarol'. Cytotoxic effects of Agarol were determined by the MTT assay using A549, MKN45, HSC-3, and HSC-4 human carcinoma cell lines treated with Agarol. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analysis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondria membrane potential (∆ψm) were also determined by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to quantify the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Agarol predominantly induced apoptosis in two p53-wild cell lines (A549 and MKN45) compared to the other p53-mutant cell lines (HSC-3 and HSC-4). Further mechanistic studies revealed that induction of apoptosis is associated with increased generation of ROS, reduced ∆ψm, release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from the mitochondria to the cytosol, upregulation of Bax, and downregulation of Bcl-2. Caspase-3 activities did not increase, and z-VAD-fmk, a caspase inhibitor, did not inhibit the Agarol-induced apoptosis. These findings indicate that Agarol induces caspase-independent apoptosis in human carcinoma cells through a mitochondrial pathway. The in vivo anticancer activity of Agarol was confirmed in a xenograft murine model. This study suggests a molecular mechanism by which Agarol induces apoptosis in human carcinoma cells and indicates the potential use of Agarol as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamitsu Shimizu
- Mushroom Research Laboratory, Hokuto Corporation, Nagano 381-0008, Japan
| | - Junya Kawai
- Mushroom Research Laboratory, Hokuto Corporation, Nagano 381-0008, Japan
| | - Kenji Ouchi
- Mushroom Research Laboratory, Hokuto Corporation, Nagano 381-0008, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Osima
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Rikiishi Hidemi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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9
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Sun Y, Qi Z, He Q, Cui D, Qian S, Ji L, Ding S. The effect of treadmill training and N-acetyl-l-cysteine intervention on biogenesis of cytochrome c oxidase (COX). Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 87:326-35. [PMID: 26159509 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial biogenesis refers to increased content of mitochondria, which has been shown to be promoted by aerobic exercise. During this process, oxidative stress is considered the essential initiator. Even though some studies have addressed the issue as to whether antioxidants would hamper the effects of exercise on mitochondrial biogenesis, no consensus has been achieved. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of exercise and antioxidant intervention on mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as COX biogenesis. Thirty-two clean-grade male ICR mice were randomly assigned to a control group (Con), exercise group (Ex), N-acetyl-l-cysteine group (NAC), or NAC plus exercise group (NEx). The NAC and NEx groups were injected with NAC (0.1 mg/g/2 days) intraperitoneally for 3 weeks, whereas the Con and Ex groups were administered saline for the same period of time. Mice assigned to Ex and NEx groups started exercise training 1 week before drug intervention was initiated. After 1 week of acclimatization, the mice were allowed to run at a speed of 28 m/min for 60 min, 6 days a week. The results showed that exercise training caused an increase in mRNA and protein levels of COXIV, whereas NAC intervention lowered the two so significantly that even exercise training could not reverse the effect of NAC intervention. Our data suggest that even though antioxidant intervention could alleviate oxidative damage caused by exercise, it was not necessarily beneficial for mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Z Qi
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Q He
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - D Cui
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - S Qian
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - L Ji
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - S Ding
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, China; School of Physical Education & Health Care, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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10
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Prakash C, Soni M, Kumar V. Biochemical and Molecular Alterations Following Arsenic-Induced Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rat Brain. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 167:121-9. [PMID: 25764338 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is supposed to be one of the mechanisms of arsenic-induced neurodegeneration. Mitochondria, being the major source of ROS generation may present an important target of arsenic-mediated neurotoxicity. Hence, we planned the study to elucidate the possible biochemical and molecular alterations induced by arsenic exposure in rat brain mitochondria. Chronic sodium arsenite treatment (25 ppm for 12 weeks) resulted in decreased activity of mitochondrial complexes I, II, and IV followed by increased ROS generation. There was decrease in mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity in arsenic-treated rat brain further showing increased superoxide radical generation in mitochondria. The decrease in MnSOD activity might be responsible for the increased protein and lipid oxidation as observed in our study. Protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of MnSOD and mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP-2) were downregulated suggesting decreased removal of ROS in rat brain. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis revealed significant decrease in amide A, amide I, amide II, and Olefinic = CH stretching band area suggesting molecular alteration in proteins and lipids after arsenic treatment. The results of present study indicate that arsenic-induced disturbed mitochondrial metabolism, decreased removal of ROS, decrease in protein synthesis, and altered membrane lipid polarity and fluidity may be responsible for the mitochondrial oxidative damage in rat brain that may further be implicated as contributing factor in arsenic-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
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11
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Barone E, Cenini G, Di Domenico F, Noel T, Wang C, Perluigi M, St Clair DK, Butterfield DA. Basal brain oxidative and nitrative stress levels are finely regulated by the interplay between superoxide dismutase 2 and p53. J Neurosci Res 2015; 93:1728-39. [PMID: 26251011 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.23627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes of the cell and catalyze the dismutation of superoxide radicals O2- to H2O2 and molecular oxygen (O2). Among the three forms of SOD identified, manganese-containing SOD (MnSOD, SOD2) is a homotetramer located wholly in the mitochondrial matrix. Because of the SOD2 strategic location, it represents the first mechanism of defense against the augmentation of ROS/reactive nitrogen species levels in the mitochondria for preventing further damage. This study seeks to understand the effects that the partial lack (SOD2(-/+) ) or the overexpression (TgSOD2) of MnSOD produces on oxidative/nitrative stress basal levels in different brain isolated cellular fractions (i.e., mitochondrial, nuclear, cytosolic) as well as in the whole-brain homogenate. Furthermore, because of the known interaction between SOD2 and p53 protein, this study seeks to clarify the impact that the double mutation has on oxidative/nitrative stress levels in the brain of mice carrying the double mutation (p53(-/-) × SOD2(-/+) and p53(-/-) × TgSOD2). We show that each mutation affects mitochondrial, nuclear, and cytosolic oxidative/nitrative stress basal levels differently, but, overall, no change or reduction of oxidative/nitrative stress levels was found in the whole-brain homogenate. The analysis of well-known antioxidant systems such as thioredoxin-1 and Nrf2/HO-1/BVR-A suggests their potential role in the maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis in the presence of changes of SOD2 and/or p53 protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli,", Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy.,Facultad de Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Giovanna Cenini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Fabio Di Domenico
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli,", Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Teresa Noel
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Chi Wang
- Biostatistics Core, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli,", Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Daret K St Clair
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Department of Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.,Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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12
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Moretti D, Del Bello B, Allavena G, Corti A, Signorini C, Maellaro E. Calpain-3 impairs cell proliferation and stimulates oxidative stress-mediated cell death in melanoma cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117258. [PMID: 25658320 PMCID: PMC4319969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpain-3 is an intracellular cysteine protease, belonging to Calpain superfamily and predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle. In human melanoma cell lines and biopsies, we previously identified two novel splicing variants (hMp78 and hMp84) of Calpain-3 gene (CAPN3), which have a significant lower expression in vertical growth phase melanomas and, even lower, in metastases, compared to benign nevi. In the present study, in order to investigate the pathophysiological role played by the longer Calpain-3 variant, hMp84, in melanoma cells, we over-expressed it in A375 and HT-144 cells. In A375 cells, the enforced expression of hMp84 induces p53 stabilization, and modulates the expression of a few p53- and oxidative stress-related genes. Consistently, hMp84 increases the intracellular production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species), which lead to oxidative modification of phospholipids (formation of F2-isoprostanes) and DNA damage. Such events culminate in an adverse cell fate, as indicated by the decrease of cell proliferation and by cell death. To a different extent, either the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine or the p53 inhibitor, Pifithrin-α, recover cell viability and decrease ROS formation. Similarly to A375 cells, hMp84 over-expression causes inhibition of cell proliferation, cell death, and increase of both ROS levels and F2-isoprostanes also in HT-144 cells. However, in these cells no p53 accumulation occurs. In both cell lines, no significant change of cell proliferation and cell damage is observed in cells over-expressing the mutant hMp84C42S devoid of its enzymatic activity, suggesting that the catalytic activity of hMp84 is required for its detrimental effects. Since a more aggressive phenotype is expected to benefit from down-regulation of mechanisms impairing cell growth and survival, we envisage that Calpain-3 down-regulation can be regarded as a novel mechanism contributing to melanoma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Firenze, Italy
| | - Barbara Del Bello
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Firenze, Italy
| | - Giulia Allavena
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corti
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Medical School, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Firenze, Italy
| | - Cinzia Signorini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emilia Maellaro
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), Firenze, Italy
- * E-mail:
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13
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Hart PC, Mao M, de Abreu ALP, Ansenberger-Fricano K, Ekoue DN, Ganini D, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Diamond AM, Minshall RD, Consolaro MEL, Santos JH, Bonini MG. MnSOD upregulation sustains the Warburg effect via mitochondrial ROS and AMPK-dependent signalling in cancer. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6053. [PMID: 25651975 PMCID: PMC4319569 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD/SOD2) is a mitochondria-resident enzyme that governs the types of reactive oxygen species egressing from the organelle to affect cellular signaling. Here, we demonstrate that MnSOD upregulation in cancer cells establishes a steady flow of H2O2 originating from mitochondria that sustains AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation and the metabolic shift to glycolysis. Restricting MnSOD expression or inhibiting AMPK suppress the metabolic switch and dampens the viability of transformed cells indicating that the MnSOD/AMPK axis is critical in support cancer cell bioenergetics. Recapitulating in vitro findings, clinical and epidemiologic analyses of MnSOD expression and AMPK activation indicated that the MnSOD/AMPK pathway is most active in advanced stage and aggressive breast cancer subtypes. Taken together, our results indicate that MnSOD serves as a biomarker of cancer progression and acts as critical regulator of tumor cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter C Hart
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA [2] Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Mao Mao
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Andre Luelsdorf P de Abreu
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA [3] Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790, CEP, 87020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Kristine Ansenberger-Fricano
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Dede N Ekoue
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Douglas Ganini
- Free Radical Metabolite Section, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/NIH, 111T.W., Alexander Drive MD-F02, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Andre Kajdacsy-Balla
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Alan M Diamond
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Richard D Minshall
- 1] Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA [2] Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| | - Marcia E L Consolaro
- Universidade Estadual de Maringa, Avenida Colombo, 5790, CEP, 87020-900 Maringa, PR, Brazil
| | - Janine H Santos
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA
| | - Marcelo G Bonini
- 1] Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA [2] Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA [3] Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, COMRB 1131, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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14
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Markham A, Bains R, Franklin P, Spedding M. Changes in mitochondrial function are pivotal in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders: how important is BDNF? Br J Pharmacol 2014; 171:2206-29. [PMID: 24720259 PMCID: PMC3976631 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is at the very limit of its energy supply and has evolved specific means of adapting function to energy supply, of which mitochondria form a crucial link. Neurotrophic and inflammatory processes may not only have opposite effects on neuroplasticity, but also involve opposite effects on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic processes, respectively, modulated by stress and glucocorticoids, which also have marked effects on mood. Neurodegenerative processes show marked disorders in oxidative metabolism in key brain areas, sometimes decades before symptoms appear (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases). We argue that brain-derived neurotrophic factor couples activity to changes in respiratory efficiency and these effects may be opposed by inflammatory cytokines, a key factor in neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Markham
- Department of Pharmacy, Health & Well Being, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of SunderlandSunderland, UK
| | - R Bains
- University of PortsmouthPortsmouth, UK
| | - P Franklin
- Department of Pharmacy, Health & Well Being, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of SunderlandSunderland, UK
| | - M Spedding
- Spedding Research Solutions SARLLe Vesinet, France
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15
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Salminen LE, Paul RH. Oxidative stress and genetic markers of suboptimal antioxidant defense in the aging brain: a theoretical review. Rev Neurosci 2014; 25:805-19. [PMID: 25153586 PMCID: PMC6378111 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2014-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Normal aging involves a gradual breakdown of physiological processes that leads to a decline in cognitive functions and brain integrity, yet the onset and progression of decline are variable among older individuals. While many biological changes may contribute to this degree of variability, oxidative stress is a key mechanism of the aging process that can cause direct damage to cellular architecture within the brain. Oligodendrocytes are at a high risk for oxidative damage due to their role in myelin maintenance and production and limited repair mechanisms, suggesting that white matter may be particularly vulnerable to oxidative activity. Antioxidant defense enzymes within the brain, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), are crucial for breaking down the harmful end products of oxidative phosphorylation. Previous studies have revealed that allele variations of polymorphisms that encode these antioxidants are associated with abnormalities in SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST activity in the central nervous system. This review will focus on the role of oxidative stress in the aging brain and the impact of decreased antioxidant defense on brain integrity and cognitive function. Directions for future research investigations of antioxidant defense genes will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Salminen
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Saint Louis, 1 University Boulevard, Stadler Hall 442 A, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Robert H Paul
- Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Saint Louis, 1 University Boulevard, Stadler Hall 442 A, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA
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16
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GUIDOLIN DIEGO, AGNATI LUIGIF, TORTORELLA CINZIA, MARCOLI MANUELA, MAURA GUIDO, ALBERTIN GIOVANNA, FUXE KJELL. Neuroglobin as a regulator of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis: A bioinformatics analysis. Int J Mol Med 2013; 33:111-6. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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17
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Knerr I, Blessing H, Seyferth S, Watling RJ, Chaudhri MA. Evaluation of plasma trace element and mineral status in children and adolescents with phenylketonuria using data from inductively-coupled-plasma atomic emission and mass spectrometric analysis. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2013; 63:168-73. [PMID: 24021752 DOI: 10.1159/000354869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by a severe phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency; the mainstay of treatment is a low-phenylalanine diet. A diet which is so restrictive is associated with a risk of nutritional deficiencies. We investigated plasma concentrations for 46 elements, including minerals and trace elements. METHODS We enrolled 20 children and adolescents with PKU and 20 matched controls. Multi-elementary quantification was carried out by solution-based inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and ICP mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS With the exception of manganese and aluminium, no significant differences were found for element levels between PKU patients and controls. As a trend, manganese levels were lower in PKU patients than in control subjects (p < 0.05) but were within the reference range. There was a positive linear relationship between manganese and tyrosine levels in subjects with PKU (r(2) = 0.2295, p < 0.05). If detectable, potentially toxic elements were only identified in ultra-trace quantities in plasma samples of either group; aluminium levels were found to be slightly higher in PKU subjects than in controls (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The combination of ICP-AES and ICP-MS data is a useful diagnostic tool for element quantification at a high analytical rate and for monitoring bio-element status, e.g. in patients on a restrictive diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Knerr
- National Centre for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Wang CC, Billett E, Borchert A, Kuhn H, Ufer C. Monoamine oxidases in development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:599-630. [PMID: 22782111 PMCID: PMC11113580 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are flavoproteins of the outer mitochondrial membrane that catalyze the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines. In mammals there are two isoforms (MAO-A and MAO-B) that can be distinguished on the basis of their substrate specificity and their sensitivity towards specific inhibitors. Both isoforms are expressed in most tissues, but their expression in the central nervous system and their ability to metabolize monoaminergic neurotransmitters have focused MAO research on the functionality of the mature brain. MAO activities have been related to neurodegenerative diseases as well as to neurological and psychiatric disorders. More recently evidence has been accumulating indicating that MAO isoforms are expressed not only in adult mammals, but also before birth, and that defective MAO expression induces developmental abnormalities in particular of the brain. This review is aimed at summarizing and critically evaluating the new findings on the developmental functions of MAO isoforms during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Shatin, Hong Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ellen Billett
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS UK
| | - Astrid Borchert
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin-Charité, Oudenarder Str. 16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kuhn
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin-Charité, Oudenarder Str. 16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Ufer
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin-Charité, Oudenarder Str. 16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Candas D, Fan M, Nantajit D, Vaughan AT, Murley JS, Woloschak GE, Grdina DJ, Li JJ. CyclinB1/Cdk1 phosphorylates mitochondrial antioxidant MnSOD in cell adaptive response to radiation stress. J Mol Cell Biol 2012; 5:166-75. [PMID: 23243068 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjs062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a major antioxidant enzyme within the mitochondria, is responsible for the detoxification of free radicals generated by cellular metabolism and environmental/therapeutic irradiation. Cell cycle-dependent kinase Cdk1, along with its regulatory partner CyclinB1, plays important roles in the regulation of cell cycle progression as well as in genotoxic stress response. Herein, we identified the presence of the minimal Cdk1 phosphorylation consensus sequence ([S/T]-P; Ser106) in human MnSOD, suggesting Cdk1 as a potential upstream kinase of MnSOD. A substantial amount of CyclinB1/Cdk1 was found to localize in the mitochondrion upon irradiation. The enhanced Cdk1/MnSOD interaction and MnSOD phosphorylation were detected in both the irradiated human cells and mouse tissues. We report that CyclinB1/Cdk1 can regulate MnSOD through reversible Ser106 phosphorylation, both in vivo and in vitro. The CyclinB1/Cdk1-mediated MnSOD Ser106 resulted in increased MnSOD activity and stability, along with improved mitochondrial function and cellular resistance to radiation-induced apoptosis. These results demonstrate a unique pro-survival mechanism by which cells enhance the survival via CyclinB1/Cdk1-mediated MnSOD activation under genotoxic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demet Candas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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20
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Fiorini A, Sultana R, Barone E, Cenini G, Perluigi M, Mancuso C, Cai J, Klein JB, St. Clair D, Butterfield DA. Lack of p53 affects the expression of several brain mitochondrial proteins: insights from proteomics into important pathways regulated by p53. PLoS One 2012; 7:e49846. [PMID: 23209608 PMCID: PMC3507874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor protein p53 has been described "as the guardian of the genome" for its crucial role in regulating the transcription of numerous genes responsible for cells cycle arrest, senescence, or apoptosis in response to various stress signals. Although p53 promotes longevity by decreasing the risk of cancer through activation of apoptosis or cellular senescence, several findings suggest that an increase of its activity may have deleterious effects leading to selected aspects of the aging phenotype and neurodegenerative diseases. There is the link between p53 and oxidative stress, the latter a crucial factor that contributes to neurodegenerative processes like Alzheimer disease (AD). In the present study, using a proteomics approach, we analyzed the impact of lack of p53 on the expression of several brain mitochondrial proteins involved in different pathways, and how lack of p53 may present a target to restore neuronal impairments. Our investigation on isolated brain mitochondria from p53((-/-)) mice also provides a better understanding of the p53-mitochondria relationship and its involvement in the development of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Fiorini
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Rukhsana Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Eugenio Barone
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cenini
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Marzia Perluigi
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cesare Mancuso
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Jian Cai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Proteomics Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Jon B. Klein
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Proteomics Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Daret St. Clair
- Graduate Center for Toxicology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - D. Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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He J, Qi Z, Su Y, He Q, Liu J, Yu L, Al-Attas OS, Hussain T, De Rosas ET, Ji L, Ding S. Pifithrin-μ increases mitochondrial COX biogenesis and MnSOD activity in skeletal muscle of middle-aged mice. Mitochondrion 2012; 12:630-9. [PMID: 23006892 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the biogenesis and mitochondrial antioxidant capacity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) within the skeletal muscle under the treatments of p53 inhibitors (pifithrin, PFTα and PFTμ). Significantly, PFTμ increased mtDNA content and COX biogenesis. These changes coincided with increases in the activity and expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the key antioxidant enzyme in mitochondria. Conversely, PFTα caused muscle loss, increased oxidative damage and decreased MnSOD activity in intermyofibrillar (IMF) mitochondria. Mechanically, PFTμ inhibited p53 translocation to mitochondria and thus increased its transcriptional activity for expression of synthesis of cytochrome c oxidase 2 (SCO2), an important assembly protein for COX. This study provides in vivo evidence that PFTμ, superior to PFTα, preserves muscle mass and increases mitochondrial antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200241, China
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22
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Revelo XS, Waldron MR. In vitro effects of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide on the function and gene expression of neutrophils isolated from the blood of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:2422-41. [PMID: 22541470 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the function of bovine neutrophils (PMNL) collected from mid lactation cows and determine the differential effects of LPS on gene expression of PMNL purified from early and mid lactation cows. The PMNL from mid lactation cows (187±13 d postpartum) were incubated with 0, 1, 25, and 50 μg/mL of LPS for 120 min, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), PMNL extracellular traps (NET), chemotaxis, and killing of Staphylococcus aureus were determined. Incubation of PMNL with 25 μg/mL of LPS increased intracellular ROS by 79% in mitogen-stimulated PMNL. Addition of 50 μg/mL of LPS enhanced intracellular ROS by nonstimulated and stimulated PMNL by 184 and 154%, respectively. Nonstimulated PMNL incubated with 25 and 50 μg/mL of LPS had a 105% increase in NET. Addition of LPS had no effect on subsequent PMNL chemotaxis or killing of Staph. aureus. To examine the effect of LPS on the expression of genes involved in PMNL function and cytokine production, mRNA was purified from PMNL isolated from mid lactation (146±2 postpartum; n=10) and early lactation cows (7 d postpartum; n=10), after a 120-min incubation with 0 or 50 μg/mL of LPS. Amounts of interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), Cytochrome b-245, α polypeptide (CYBA), histone H2A/1 (H2A/1), and histone H2B-like (H2B) mRNA were determined relative to that of β-actin by real-time quantitative PCR. Regardless of stage of lactation, PMNL incubated with 50 μg/mL of LPS had 537 and 45% higher mRNA contents of IL-8 and SOD2 compared with 0 μg/mL LPS, respectively. In addition, LPS augmented the expression of TNF, BPI, and CYBA (2,908, 59, and 158% compared with controls, respectively) only in PMNL from mid lactation cows. Addition of LPS did not affect mRNA levels of MPO, NOX4, H2A/1, or H2B. Independent of LPS treatment, PMNL from mid lactation cows had 99% higher mRNA contents of IL-8 compared with PMNL from early lactation cows. The PMNL from early lactation cows had a 634% increase in MPO mRNA expression relative to that from mid lactation cows. These results support that LPS directly stimulates PMNL to produce ROS and express NET. In addition, LPS enhances the generation of ROS by PMNL in response to other stimuli and increases the expression of genes encoding inflammatory mediators and enzymes involved in the production of ROS. Finally, reduced PMNL gene expression of IL-8 (regardless of LPS activation), TNF, CYBA, and BPI (upon stimulation with LPS) in early lactation may elucidate several mechanisms by which PMNL may become immune-incompetent during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- X S Revelo
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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23
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Liu W, Zhou C. Corticosterone reduces brain mitochondrial function and expression of mitofusin, BDNF in depression-like rodents regardless of exercise preconditioning. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2012; 37:1057-70. [PMID: 22244747 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Both chronic mild stress and an injection of corticosterone induce depression-like states in rodents. To further link mitochondrial dysfunction to the pathophysiology of major depression, here we describe two rat models of a depressive-like state induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) or corticosterone treatment (CORT). It is also a model that allows the simultaneous study of effects of exercise preconditioning on behavioral, electrophysiological, biochemical and molecular markers in the same animal. Exercise preconditioning ahead of CUMS and CORT treatment prevents many behavioral abnormalities resulted from CUMS. The changes in mitochondrial activity in brain and reduced expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD1, SOD2), mitofusin (Mfn1, Mfn2) as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) suggest that both CORT and CUMS may impair mitochondrial function and/or expressions of mitofusion and antioxidant enzymes that, in turn, may increase oxidative stress and reduce energy production in brain with depression-like behaviors. These findings suggest an underlying mechanism by which CORT, as well as CUMS, induces brain mitochondrial dysfunction that is associated with depressive-like states. Remarkably, physical exercise is identified as a helpful and preventive measure to promote mitochondrial function and expressions of mitofusin, BDNF and antioxidant enzymes in brain, so as to protect brain energy metabolism against CUMS, rather than the compound of corticosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Liu
- Department of Health & Exercise Science, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
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24
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Barone E, Cenini G, Sultana R, Di Domenico F, Fiorini A, Perluigi M, Noel T, Wang C, Mancuso C, St Clair DK, Butterfield DA. Lack of p53 decreases basal oxidative stress levels in the brain through upregulation of thioredoxin-1, biliverdin reductase-A, manganese superoxide dismutase, and nuclear factor kappa-B. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 16:1407-20. [PMID: 22229939 PMCID: PMC3329952 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The basal oxidative and nitrosative stress levels measured in cytosol, mitochondria, and nuclei as well as in the whole homogenate obtained from the brain of wild type (wt) and p53 knockout [p53((-/-))] mice were evaluated. We hypothesized that the loss of p53 could trigger the activation of several protective mechanisms such as those involving thioredoxin-1 (Thio-1), the heme-oxygenase-1/biliverdin reductase-A (HO-1/BVR-A) system, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), the IkB kinase type β (IKKβ)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), and the nuclear factor-erythroid 2 (NF-E2) related factor 2 (Nrf-2). RESULTS A decrease of protein carbonyls, protein-bound 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) was observed in the brain from p53((-/-)) mice compared with wt. Furthermore, we observed a significant increase of the expression levels of Thio-1, BVR-A, MnSOD, IKKβ, and NF-kB. Conversely a significant decrease of Nrf-2 protein levels was observed in the nuclear fraction isolated from p53((-/-)) mice. No changes were found for HO-1. INNOVATION This is the first study of basal oxidative/nitrosative stress in in vivo conditions of brain obtained from p53((-/-)) mice. New insights into the role of p53 in oxidative stress have been gained. CONCLUSION We demonstrated, for the first time, that the lack of p53 reduces basal oxidative stress levels in mice brain. Due to the pivotal role that p53 plays during cellular stress response our results provide new insights into novel therapeutic strategies to modulate protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation having p53 as a target. The implications of this work are profound, particularly for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Barone
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Ramanathan L, Siegel JM. Sleep deprivation under sustained hypoxia protects against oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:1842-8. [PMID: 21907278 PMCID: PMC3197752 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We previously showed that total sleep deprivation increased antioxidant responses in several rat brain regions. We also reported that chronic hypoxia enhanced antioxidant responses and increased oxidative stress in rat cerebellum and pons, relative to normoxic conditions. In the current study, we examined the interaction between these two parameters (sleep and hypoxia). We exposed rats to total sleep deprivation under sustained hypoxia (SDSH) and compared changes in antioxidant responses and oxidative stress markers in the neocortex, hippocampus, brainstem, and cerebellum to those in control animals left undisturbed under either sustained hypoxia (UCSH) or normoxia (UCN). We measured changes in total nitrite levels as an indicator of nitric oxide (NO) production, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total glutathione (GSHt) levels as markers of antioxidant responses, and levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls as signs of lipid and protein oxidation products, respectively. We found that acute (6h) SDSH increased NO production in the hippocampus and increased GSHt levels in the neocortex, brainstem, and cerebellum while decreasing hippocampal lipid oxidation. Additionally, we observed increased hexokinase activity in the neocortex of SDSH rats compared to UCSH rats, suggesting that elevated glucose metabolism may be one potential source of the enhanced free radicals produced in this brain region. We conclude that short-term insomnia under hypoxia may serve as an adaptive response to prevent oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalini Ramanathan
- corresponding author: Lalini Ramanathan, Neurobiology Research 151A3, VAGLAHS Sepulveda, 16111 Plummer St, North Hills, CA 91343, USA. Tel.: +1 818 891 7711 x2382, Fax: +1 818 895 9575,
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26
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Yin SJ, Lü ZR, Park D, Chung HY, Yang JM, Zhou HM, Qian GY, Park YD. Trifluoroethanol-induced changes in activity and conformation of manganese-containing superoxide dismutase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 166:276-88. [PMID: 22057937 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) plays an important role in antioxidant defense in organisms exposed to oxygen. However, there is a lack of research into the regulation of SOD activity and structural changes during folding, especially for SOD originating from extremophiles. We studied the inhibitory effects of trifluoroethanol (TFE) on the activity and conformation of manganese-containing SOD (Mn-SOD) from Thermus thermophilus. TFE decreased the degree of secondary structure of Mn-SOD, which directly resulted in enzyme inactivation and disrupted the tertiary structure of Mn-SOD. The kinetic studies showed that TFE-induced inactivation of Mn-SOD is a first-order reaction and that the regional Mn-contained active site is very stable compared to the overall structure. We further simulated the docking between Mn-SOD and TFE (binding energy for Dock 6.3, -9.68 kcal/mol) and predicted that the LEU9, TYR13, and HIS29 residues outside of the active site interact with TFE. Our results provide insight into the inactivation of Mn-SOD during unfolding in the presence of TFE and allow us to describe ligand binding via inhibition kinetics combined with computational predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jun Yin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, People's Republic of China
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27
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Yan J, Feng Z, Liu J, Shen W, Wang Y, Wertz K, Weber P, Long J, Liu J. Enhanced autophagy plays a cardinal role in mitochondrial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats: ameliorating effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 23:716-24. [PMID: 21820301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are known to play important roles in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and insulin resistance. However, the pathology of T2DM remains complicated; in particular, the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle and other insulin-sensitive tissues are as yet unclear. In the present study, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction by focusing on mitochondrial dynamics, including mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy, in skeletal muscle of a nonobese diabetic animal model--the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat. The results showed that GK rats exhibited impaired glucose metabolism, increased oxidative stress and decreased mitochondrial function. These dysfunctions were found to be associated with induction of LC3B, Beclin1 and DRP1 (key molecules mediating the autophagy pathway), while they appeared not to affect the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway. In addition, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was tested as a potential autophagy-targeting nutrient, and we found that EGCG treatment improved glucose tolerance and glucose homeostasis in GK rats, and reduced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Amelioration of excessive muscle autophagy in GK rats through the down-regulation of the ROS-ERK/JNK-p53 pathway leads to improvement of glucose metabolism, reduction of oxidative stress and inhibition of mitochondrial loss and dysfunction. These results suggest (a) that hyperglycemia-associated oxidative stress may induce autophagy through up-regulation of the ROS-ERK/JNK-p53 pathway, which may contribute to mitochondrial loss in soleus muscle of diabetic GK rats, and (b) that EGCG may be a potential autophagy regulator useful in treatment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Yan
- Department of Biology and Engineering, Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an 710049, China
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28
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Wagner BA, Venkataraman S, Buettner GR. The rate of oxygen utilization by cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 51:700-12. [PMID: 21664270 PMCID: PMC3147247 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of oxygen is considered by some to be the most important scientific discovery of all time--from both physical-chemical/astrophysics and biology/evolution viewpoints. One of the major developments during evolution is the ability to capture dioxygen in the environment and deliver it to each cell in the multicellular, complex mammalian body-on demand, i.e., just in time. Humans use oxygen to extract approximately 2550 calories (10.4 MJ) from food to meet daily energy requirements. This combustion requires about 22 mol of dioxygen per day, or 2.5×10(-4) mol s(-1). This is an average rate of oxygen utilization of 2.5×10(-18) mol cell(-1) s(-1), i.e., 2.5 amol cell(-1) s(-1). Cells have a wide range of oxygen utilization, depending on cell type, function, and biological status. Measured rates of oxygen utilization by mammalian cells in culture range from <1 to >350 amol cell(-1) s(-1). There is a loose positive linear correlation of the rate of oxygen consumption by mammalian cells in culture with cell volume and cell protein. The use of oxygen by cells and tissues is an essential aspect of the basic redox biology of cells and tissues. This type of quantitative information is fundamental to investigations in quantitative redox biology, especially redox systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Wagner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program and ESR Facility, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242–1181, USA
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Qi Z, He J, Su Y, He Q, Liu J, Yu L, Al-Attas O, Hussain T, Ding S, Ji L, Qian M. Physical exercise regulates p53 activity targeting SCO2 and increases mitochondrial COX biogenesis in cardiac muscle with age. PLoS One 2011; 6:e21140. [PMID: 21750704 PMCID: PMC3131270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0021140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to outline the timelines of mitochondrial function, oxidative stress and cytochrome c oxidase complex (COX) biogenesis in cardiac muscle with age, and to evaluate whether and how these age-related changes were attenuated by exercise. ICR/CD-1 mice were treated with pifithrin-μ (PFTμ), sacrificed and studied at different ages; ICR/CD-1 mice at younger or older ages were randomized to endurance treadmill running and sedentary conditions. The results showed that mRNA expression of p53 and its protein levels in mitochondria increased with age in cardiac muscle, accompanied by increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, reduced expression of COX subunits and assembly proteins, and decreased expression of most markers in mitochondrial biogenesis. Most of these age-related changes including p53 activity targeting cytochrome oxidase deficient homolog 2 (SCO2), p53 translocation to mitochondria and COX biogenesis were attenuated by exercise in older mice. PFTμ, an inhibitor blocking p53 translocation to mitochondria, increased COX biogenesis in older mice, but not in young mice. Our data suggest that physical exercise attenuates age-related changes in mitochondrial COX biogenesis and p53 activity targeting SCO2 and mitochondria, and thereby induces antisenescent and protective effects in cardiac muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie He
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhui Su
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Omar Al-Attas
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuzhe Ding
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Liu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Qian
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Yang JL, Yin SJ, Si YX, Lü ZR, Shao X, Park D, Chung HY, Zhou HM, Qian GY, Zhang ZP. Towards Al3+-Induced Manganese-Containing Superoxide Dismutase Inactivation and Conformational Changes: An Integrating Study with Docking Simulations. Enzyme Res 2011; 2011:307464. [PMID: 21687640 PMCID: PMC3112498 DOI: 10.4061/2011/307464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) plays an important antioxidant defense role in skins exposed to oxygen. We studied the inhibitory effects of Al3+ on the activity and conformation of manganese-containing SOD (Mn-SOD). Mn-SOD was significantly inactivated by Al3+ in a dose-dependent manner. The kinetic studies showed that Al3+ inactivated Mn-SOD follows the first-order reaction. Al3+ increased the degree of secondary structure of Mn-SOD and also disrupted the tertiary structure of Mn-SOD, which directly resulted in enzyme inactivation. We further simulated the docking between Mn-SOD and Al3+ (binding energy for Dock 6.3: −14.07 kcal/mol) and suggested that ASP152 and GLU157 residues were predicted to interact with Al3+, which are not located in the Mn-contained active site. Our results provide insight into the inactivation of Mn-SOD during unfolding in the presence of Al3+ and allow us to describe a ligand binding via inhibition kinetics combined with the computational prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Liu Yang
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Shang-Jun Yin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yue-Xiu Si
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zhi-Rong Lü
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Xiangrong Shao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Daeui Park
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA), College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai-Meng Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Jiaxing 314006, China
| | - Guo-Ying Qian
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zi-Ping Zhang
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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Feng Z, Bai L, Yan J, Li Y, Shen W, Wang Y, Wertz K, Weber P, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Liu J. Mitochondrial dynamic remodeling in strenuous exercise-induced muscle and mitochondrial dysfunction: regulatory effects of hydroxytyrosol. Free Radic Biol Med 2011; 50:1437-46. [PMID: 21421045 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise is considered to exert a positive effect on health, whereas strenuous or excessive exercise (Exe) causes fatigue and damage to muscle and immune functions. The underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. We designed a protocol to mimic Exe and explore the ensuing cellular damage and involvement of mitochondrial dynamics. We found that Exe was prone to decrease endurance capacity and induce damage to renal function and the immune system. Muscle atrophy markers atrogin-1 and MuRF1 mRNA were increased by Exe, accompanied by increased autophagy and mitochondrial fission in skeletal muscle. Exe caused a decrease in PGC-1α and complex I expression; it also activated JNK and Erk1/2 pathways and consequently induced p53, p21, and MnSOD expression in skeletal muscle. The involvement of oxidant-induced autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction was confirmed in C2C12 myoblasts. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a natural olive polyphenol, efficiently enhanced endurance capacity and prevented Exe-induced renal and immune system damage. Also, HT treatment inhibited both the Exe-induced increase in autophagy and mitochondrial fission and the decrease in PGC-1α expression. In addition, HT enhanced mitochondrial fusion and mitochondrial complex I and II activities in muscle of Exe rats. These results demonstrate that Exe-induced fatigue and damage to muscle and immune functions may be mediated via the regulation of mitochondrial dynamic remodeling, including the downregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and upregulation of autophagy. HT supplementation may regulate mitochondrial dynamic remodeling and enhance antioxidant defenses and thus improve exercise capacity under Exe conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Feng
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Dudekula S, Lee MH, Hsu LJ, Chen SJ, Chang NS. Zfra is a small wizard in the mitochondrial apoptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2011; 2:1023-9. [PMID: 21212468 PMCID: PMC3034171 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Zfra (zinc finger-like protein that regulates apoptosis) is a naturally occurring short peptide consisting of 31 amino acids, which regulates tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated cell death by interacting with receptor adaptor protein TRADD (TNF receptorassociated death domain protein) and downstream JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase), NF-κB (Nuclear factor kappa B) and WWOX/WOX1 (WW domain-containing oxidoreductase). Cytochrome c release is generally considered as a pivotal step in apoptosis. Remarkably, overexpressed Zfra induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway, which involves suppression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression (without causing cytochrome c release), counteracting the apoptotic function of tumor suppressor p53 and WWOX, and dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential for ultimately leading to cell death. Control of cellular aging and apoptosis by Zfra, p53 and WWOX is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhan Dudekula
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
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Banu SK, Stanley JA, Lee J, Stephen SD, Arosh JA, Hoyer PB, Burghardt RC. Hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis of granulosa cells involves selective sub-cellular translocation of Bcl-2 members, ERK1/2 and p53. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 251:253-66. [PMID: 21262251 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 01/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (CrVI) has been widely used in industries throughout the world. Increased usage of CrVI and atmospheric emission of CrVI from catalytic converters of automobiles, and its improper disposal causes various health hazards including female infertility. Recently we have reported that lactational exposure to CrVI induced a delay/arrest in follicular development at the secondary follicular stage. In order to investigate the underlying mechanism, primary cultures of rat granulosa cells were treated with 10 μM potassium dichromate (CrVI) for 12 and 24h, with or without vitamin C pre-treatment for 24h. The effects of CrVI on intrinsic apoptotic pathway(s) were investigated. Our data indicated that CrVI: (i) induced DNA fragmentation and increased apoptosis, (ii) increased cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to cytosol, (iii) downregulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, HSP70 and HSP90; upregulated pro-apoptotic BAX and BAD, (iv) altered translocation of Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, BAX, BAD, HSP70 and HSP90 to the mitochondria, (v) upregulated p-ERK and p-JNK, and selectively translocated p-ERK to the mitochondria and nucleus, (vi) activated caspase-3 and PARP, and (vii) increased phosphorylation of p53 at ser-6, ser-9, ser-15, ser-20, ser-37, ser-46 and ser-392, increased p53 transcriptional activation, and downregulated MDM-2. Vitamin C pre-treatment mitigated CrVI effects on apoptosis and related pathways. Our study, for the first time provides a clear insight into the effect of CrVI on multiple pathways that lead to apoptosis of granulosa cells which could be mitigated by vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakhila K Banu
- Department of Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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