1
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Yao Q, Gao Y, Zheng N, Delcenserie V, Wang J. Unlocking the mysteries of milk oligosaccharides: Structure, metabolism, and function. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 332:121911. [PMID: 38431414 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Milk oligosaccharides (MOs), complex carbohydrates prevalent in human breast milk, play a vital role in infant nutrition. Serving as prebiotics, they inhibit pathogen adherence, modulate the immune system, and support newborn brain development. Notably, MOs demonstrate significant variations in concentration and composition, both across different species and within the same species. These characteristics of MOs lead to several compelling questions: (i) What distinct beneficial functions do MOs offer and how do the functions vary along with their structural differences? (ii) In what ways do MOs in human milk differ from those in other mammals, and what factors drive these unique profiles? (iii) What are the emerging applications of MOs, particularly in the context of their incorporation into infant formula? This review delves into the structural characteristics, quantification methods, and species-specific concentration differences of MOs. It highlights the critical role of human MOs in infant growth and their potential applications, providing substantial evidence to enhance infant health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Department of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yanan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Veronique Delcenserie
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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2
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Arora K, Sherilraj PM, Abutwaibe KA, Dhruw B, Mudavath SL. Exploring glycans as vital biological macromolecules: A comprehensive review of advancements in biomedical frontiers. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131511. [PMID: 38615867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the intricate landscape of glycans and glycoconjugates, unraveling their multifaceted roles across diverse biological dimensions. From influencing fundamental cellular processes such as signaling, recognition, and adhesion to exerting profound effects at the molecular and genetic levels, these complex carbohydrate structures emerge as linchpins in cellular functions and interactions. The structural diversity of glycoconjugates, which can be specifically classified into glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans, underscores their importance in shaping the architecture of cells. Beyond their structural roles, these molecules also play key functions in facilitating cellular communication and modulating recognition mechanisms. Further, glycans and glycoconjugates prove invaluable as biomarkers in disease diagnostics, particularly in cancer, where aberrant glycosylation patterns offer critical diagnostic cues. Furthermore, the review explores their promising therapeutic applications, ranging from the development of glycan-based nanomaterials for precise drug delivery to innovative interventions in cancer treatment. This review endeavors to comprehensively explore the intricate functions of glycans and glycoconjugates, with the primary goal of offering valuable insights into their extensive implications in both health and disease. Encompassing a broad spectrum of biological processes, the focus of the review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the significant roles played by glycans and glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Arora
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - P M Sherilraj
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - K A Abutwaibe
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Bharti Dhruw
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Shyam Lal Mudavath
- Infectious Disease Biology Laboratory, Institute of Nano Science & Technology (INST), Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India; Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C.R. Rao Road, Gachibowli Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
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3
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Faragó A, Zvara Á, Tiszlavicz L, Hunyadi-Gulyás É, Darula Z, Hegedűs Z, Szabó E, Surguta SE, Tóvári J, Puskás LG, Szebeni GJ. Lectin-Based Immunophenotyping and Whole Proteomic Profiling of CT-26 Colon Carcinoma Murine Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4022. [PMID: 38612832 PMCID: PMC11012250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
A murine colorectal carcinoma (CRC) model was established. CT26 colon carcinoma cells were injected into BALB/c mice's spleen to study the primary tumor and the mechanisms of cell spread of colon cancer to the liver. The CRC was verified by the immunohistochemistry of Pan Cytokeratin and Vimentin expression. Immunophenotyping of leukocytes isolated from CRC-bearing BALB/c mice or healthy controls, such as CD19+ B cells, CD11+ myeloid cells, and CD3+ T cells, was carried out using fluorochrome-labeled lectins. The binding of six lectins to white blood cells, such as galectin-1 (Gal1), siglec-1 (Sig1), Sambucus nigra lectin (SNA), Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL), Phytolacca americana lectin (PWM), and galectin-3 (Gal3), was assayed. Flow cytometric analysis of the splenocytes revealed the increased binding of SNA, and AAL to CD3 + T cells and CD11b myeloid cells; and increased siglec-1 and AAL binding to CD19 B cells of the tumor-bearing mice. The whole proteomic analysis of the established CRC-bearing liver and spleen versus healthy tissues identified differentially expressed proteins, characteristic of the primary or secondary CRC tissues. KEGG Gene Ontology bioinformatic analysis delineated the established murine CRC characteristic protein interaction networks, biological pathways, and cellular processes involved in CRC. Galectin-1 and S100A4 were identified as upregulated proteins in the primary and secondary CT26 tumor tissues, and these were previously reported to contribute to the poor prognosis of CRC patients. Modelling the development of liver colonization of CRC by the injection of CT26 cells into the spleen may facilitate the understanding of carcinogenesis in human CRC and contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Grants
- 2020-1.1.6-JÖVŐ-2021-00003 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- 2019-1.1.1-PIACI-KFI-2019-00444 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NKFI), Hungary
- 142877 FK22 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NKFI), Hungary
- 2019-1.1.1-PIACI-KFI-2019-00444 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NKFI), Hungary
- National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NKFI), Hungary KFI_16-1-2017-0105
- 2022-1.2.6-TÉT-IPARI-TR-2022-00023 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office, Hungary
- BO/00582/22/8 János Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- 2022-2.1.1-NL-2022-00010 National Laboratories Excellence program
- TKP2021-EGA-44 Hungarian Thematic Excellence Programme
- grant K147410. Project no. 1018567 Hungarian Scientific Research Fund
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Faragó
- Astridbio Technologies Ltd., Wimmer Fülöp utca 1, H6728 Szeged, Hungary;
- University of Szeged, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, Doctoral School of Multidisciplinary Medical Sciences, Dóm tér 9, H6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Zvara
- Institute of Genetics, Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.Z.); (E.S.)
- Core Facility HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (É.H.-G.); (Z.D.)
| | - László Tiszlavicz
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, Állomás u. 2, H6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Éva Hunyadi-Gulyás
- Core Facility HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (É.H.-G.); (Z.D.)
- Laboratory of Proteomics Research, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Darula
- Core Facility HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (É.H.-G.); (Z.D.)
- Laboratory of Proteomics Research, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
- The Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM) Single Cell Omics Advanced Core Facility, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Hegedűs
- Core Facility HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (É.H.-G.); (Z.D.)
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Enikő Szabó
- Institute of Genetics, Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.Z.); (E.S.)
- Core Facility HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (É.H.-G.); (Z.D.)
| | - Sára Eszter Surguta
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, The National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u. 7-9, H1122 Budapest, Hungary; (S.E.S.); (J.T.)
| | - József Tóvári
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, The National Tumor Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Oncology, Ráth György u. 7-9, H1122 Budapest, Hungary; (S.E.S.); (J.T.)
| | - László G. Puskás
- Institute of Genetics, Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.Z.); (E.S.)
- Core Facility HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (É.H.-G.); (Z.D.)
- Avidin Ltd., Alsó Kikötő sor 11/D, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Avicor Ltd., Alsó Kikötő sor 11/D, H6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor J. Szebeni
- Astridbio Technologies Ltd., Wimmer Fülöp utca 1, H6728 Szeged, Hungary;
- Institute of Genetics, Laboratory of Functional Genomics, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.Z.); (E.S.)
- Core Facility HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári krt. 62, H6726 Szeged, Hungary; (É.H.-G.); (Z.D.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Centre, Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged, H6725 Szeged, Hungary
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4
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Nieto-Fabregat F, Zhu Q, Vivès C, Zhang Y, Marseglia A, Chiodo F, Thépaut M, Rai D, Kulkarni SS, Di Lorenzo F, Molinaro A, Marchetti R, Fieschi F, Xiao G, Yu B, Silipo A. Atomic-Level Dissection of DC-SIGN Recognition of Bacteroides vulgatus LPS Epitopes. JACS AU 2024; 4:697-712. [PMID: 38425910 PMCID: PMC10900495 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The evaluation of Bacteroides vulgatus mpk (BVMPK) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) recognition by DC-SIGN, a key lectin in mediating immune homeostasis, has been here performed. A fine chemical dissection of BVMPK LPS components, attained by synthetic chemistry combined to spectroscopic, biophysical, and computational techniques, allowed to finely map the LPS epitopes recognized by DC-SIGN. Our findings reveal BVMPK's role in immune modulation via DC-SIGN, targeting both the LPS O-antigen and the core oligosaccharide. Furthermore, when framed within medical chemistry or drug design, our results could lead to the development of tailored molecules to benefit the hosts dealing with inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Nieto-Fabregat
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Qian Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Corinne Vivès
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38027, France
| | - Yunqin Zhang
- State Key
Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming
Institute of Botany, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Angela Marseglia
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Institute
of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli 80078, Italy
| | - Michel Thépaut
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38027, France
| | - Diksha Rai
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Suvarn S. Kulkarni
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Flaviana Di Lorenzo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Roberta Marchetti
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - Franck Fieschi
- Université
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble 38027, France
- Institut
Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris 75005, France
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- State Key
Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming
Institute of Botany, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Biao Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai
Institute of Organic Chemistry, University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Naples 80126, Italy
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5
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Dai X, Xu Z, Jia R, Zhang L, Zheng L, Zhu Z, Gao T, Xu Y, Huang X, Ren Q. Lectin diversity and their positive roles in WSSV replication through regulation of calreticulin expression and inhibiting ALFs expression. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 258:128996. [PMID: 38151079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In biological evolution, gene duplication (GD) generates new genes to facilitate new functions. C-type lectins (CTLs) in crayfish have been extended by GD to expand their family members. In this study, four CTL genes generated by GD were identified from Procambarus clarkii (PcLec1-4). Among these four genes, PcLec1 can also generate new isoforms with different numbers of tandem repeats through DNA slip mispairing. PcLec1-4 was widely expressed in multiple tissues. The expression levels of PcLec1-4 were upregulated in the intestine of P. clarkii upon white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge at multiple time points. Further analysis indicated that GATA transcription factor regulated PcLec1-4 expression. RNA interference and recombinant PcLec1-4 protein injection experiments suggested that PcLec1-4 promoted the expression of calreticulin (PcCRT) and negatively regulated the expression of antimicrobial peptides, thereby promoting WSSV replication. This study contributes to the understanding of the function of CTLs produced by GD during WSSV invasion in crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Dai
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and cultivation for Freshwater Crustacean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Liangmin Zheng
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Ziyue Zhu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China
| | - Tianheng Gao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China.
| | - Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and cultivation for Freshwater Crustacean, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210017, China.
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210023, China.
| | - Qian Ren
- School of Marine Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210044, China.
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6
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Hale RC, Morais D, Chou J, Stowell SR. The role of glycosylation in clinical allergy and immunology. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:55-66. [PMID: 37717626 PMCID: PMC10872775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
While glycans are among the most abundant macromolecules on the cell with widespread functions, their role in immunity has historically been challenging to study. This is in part due to difficulties assimilating glycan analysis into routine approaches used to interrogate immune cell function. Despite this, recent developments have illuminated fundamental roles for glycans in host immunity. The growing field of glycoimmunology continues to leverage new tools and approaches to uncover the function of glycans and glycan-binding proteins in immunity. Here we utilize clinical vignettes to examine key roles of glycosylation in allergy, inborn errors of immunity, and autoimmunity. We will discuss the diverse functions of glycans as epitopes, as modulators of antibody function, and as regulators of immune cell function. Finally, we will highlight immune modulatory therapies that harness the critical role of glycans in the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Hale
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Dominique Morais
- Department of Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Harvard Glycomics Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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7
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Brassard J, Hughes MR, Dean P, Hernaez DC, Thornton S, Banville AC, Smazynski J, Warren M, Zhang K, Milne K, Gilks CB, Mes-Masson AM, Huntsman DG, Nelson BH, Roskelley CD, McNagny KM. A tumor-restricted glycoform of podocalyxin is a highly selective marker of immunologically cold high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1286754. [PMID: 38188285 PMCID: PMC10771318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1286754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Targeted-immunotherapies such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells or bispecific T-cell engagers (eg, BiTE®) all aim to improve cancer treatment by directly targeting cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues. Success of these therapies requires tumor antigens that are abundantly expressed and, ideally, tumor specific. The CD34-related stem cell sialomucin, podocalyxin (PODXL), is a promising target as it is overexpressed on a variety of tumor types and its expression is consistently linked to poor prognosis. However, PODXL is also expressed in healthy tissues including kidney podocytes and endothelia. To circumvent this potential pitfall, we developed an antibody, named PODO447, that selectively targets a tumor-associated glycoform of PODXL. This tumor glycoepitope is expressed by 65% of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) tumors. Methods In this study we characterize these PODO447-expressing tumors as a distinct subset of HGSOC using four different patient cohorts that include pre-chemotherapy, post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and relapsing tumors as well as tumors from various peritoneal locations. Results We find that the PODO447 epitope expression is similar across tumor locations and negligibly impacted by chemotherapy. Invariably, tumors with high levels of the PODO447 epitope lack infiltrating CD8+ T cells and CD20+ B cells/plasma cells, an immune phenotype consistently associated with poor outcome. Discussion We conclude that the PODO447 glycoepitope is an excellent biomarker of immune "cold" tumors and a candidate for the development of targeted-therapies for these hard-to-treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julyanne Brassard
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael R. Hughes
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pamela Dean
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Diana Canals Hernaez
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Shelby Thornton
- Molecular and Advanced Pathology Core (MAPcore), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Mary Warren
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Kevin Zhang
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Katy Milne
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - C. Blake Gilks
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie Mes-Masson
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David G. Huntsman
- Molecular and Advanced Pathology Core (MAPcore), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Molecular Oncology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Calvin D. Roskelley
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly M. McNagny
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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8
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Dang J, Shu J, Wang R, Yu H, Chen Z, Yan W, Zhao B, Ding L, Wang Y, Hu H, Li Z. The glycopatterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a potential biomarker for its carbapenem resistance. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0200123. [PMID: 37861315 PMCID: PMC10714932 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02001-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Bacterial surface glycans are an attractive therapeutic target in response to antibiotics; however, current knowledge of the corresponding mechanisms is rather limited. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, genome sequencing, and MALDI-TOF MS, commonly used in recent years to analyze bacterial resistance, are unable to rapidly and efficiently establish associations between glycans and resistance. The discovery of new antimicrobial strategies still requires the introduction of promising analytical methods. In this study, we applied lectin microarray technology and a machine-learning model to screen for important glycan structures associated with carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa. This work highlights that specific glycopatterns can be important biomarkers associated with bacterial antibiotic resistance, which promises to provide a rapid entry point for exploring new resistance mechanisms in pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dang
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Shu
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruiying Wang
- Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanjie Yu
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbo Yan
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingxiang Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Ding
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuzi Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huizheng Hu
- Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory of Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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9
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Pei X, Zhu J, Wang Y, Zhang F, He Y, Li Y, Si Y. Placental galectins: a subfamily of galectins lose the ability to bind β-galactosides with new structural features†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:799-811. [PMID: 37672213 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are a phylogenetically conserved family of soluble β-galactoside binding proteins. There are 16 different of galectins, each with a specific function determined by its distinct distribution and spatial structure. Galectin-13, galectin-14, and galectin-16 are distinct from other galectin members in that they are primarily found in placental tissue. These galectins, also referred to as placental galectins, play critical roles in regulating pregnancy-associated processes, such as placenta formation and maternal immune tolerance to the embedded embryo. The unique structural characteristics and the inability to bind lactose of placental galectins have recently received significant attention. This review primarily examines the novel structural features of placental galectins, which distinguish them from the classic galectins. Furthermore, it explores the correlation between these structural features and the loss of β-galactoside binding ability. In addition, the newly discovered functions of placental galectins in recent years are also summarized in our review. A detailed understanding of the roles of placental galectins may contribute to the discovery of new mechanisms causing numerous pregnancy diseases and enable the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of these diseases, ultimately benefiting the health of mothers and offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Pei
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Natural Drugs in Changbai Mountain, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Xuzhou Tongshan Maocun High School, Xuzhou 221135, China
| | - Jiahui Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Fali Zhang
- Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Yufeng He
- Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Yuchun Li
- Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou 221009, China
| | - Yunlong Si
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
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10
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Szczykutowicz J. Ligand Recognition by the Macrophage Galactose-Type C-Type Lectin: Self or Non-Self?-A Way to Trick the Host's Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17078. [PMID: 38069400 PMCID: PMC10707269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The cells and numerous macromolecules of living organisms carry an array of simple and complex carbohydrates on their surface, which may be recognized by many types of proteins, including lectins. Human macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL, also known as hMGL/CLEC10A/CD301) is a C-type lectin receptor expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) specific to glycans containing terminal GalNAc residue, such as Tn antigen or LacdiNAc but also sialylated Tn antigens. Macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL) exhibits immunosuppressive properties, thus facilitating the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Hence, MGL is exploited by tumors and some pathogens to trick the host immune system and induce an immunosuppressive environment to escape immune control. The aims of this article are to discuss the immunological outcomes of human MGL ligand recognition, provide insights into the molecular aspects of these interactions, and review the MGL ligands discovered so far. Lastly, based on the human fetoembryonic defense system (Hu-FEDS) hypothesis, this paper raises the question as to whether MGL-mediated interactions may be relevant in the development of maternal tolerance toward male gametes and the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szczykutowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
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11
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Hulbert SW, Desai P, Jewett MC, DeLisa MP, Williams AJ. Glycovaccinology: The design and engineering of carbohydrate-based vaccine components. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108234. [PMID: 37558188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines remain one of the most important pillars in preventative medicine, providing protection against a wide array of diseases by inducing humoral and/or cellular immunity. Of the many possible candidate antigens for subunit vaccine development, carbohydrates are particularly appealing because of their ubiquitous presence on the surface of all living cells, viruses, and parasites as well as their known interactions with both innate and adaptive immune cells. Indeed, several licensed vaccines leverage bacterial cell-surface carbohydrates as antigens for inducing antigen-specific plasma cells secreting protective antibodies and the development of memory T and B cells. Carbohydrates have also garnered attention in other aspects of vaccine development, for example, as adjuvants that enhance the immune response by either activating innate immune responses or targeting specific immune cells. Additionally, carbohydrates can function as immunomodulators that dampen undesired humoral immune responses to entire protein antigens or specific, conserved regions on antigenic proteins. In this review, we highlight how the interplay between carbohydrates and the adaptive and innate arms of the immune response is guiding the development of glycans as vaccine components that act as antigens, adjuvants, and immunomodulators. We also discuss how advances in the field of synthetic glycobiology are enabling the design, engineering, and production of this new generation of carbohydrate-containing vaccine formulations with the potential to prevent infectious diseases, malignancies, and complex immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia W Hulbert
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Primit Desai
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Michael C Jewett
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew P DeLisa
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Cornell Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Asher J Williams
- Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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12
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Li X, Li L, Sun Q, Chen B, Zhao C, Dong Y, Zhu Z, Zhao R, Ma X, Yu M, Zhang T. Rapid multi-task diagnosis of oral cancer leveraging fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy and deep learning algorithms. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1272305. [PMID: 37881489 PMCID: PMC10597702 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1272305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral cancer, a predominant malignancy in developing nations, represents a global health challenge with a five-year survival rate below 50%. Nonetheless, substantial reductions in both its incidence and mortality rates can be achieved through early detection and appropriate treatment. Crucial to these treatment plans and prognosis predictions is the identification of the pathological type of oral cancer. Methods Toward this end, fiber-optic Raman spectroscopy emerges as an effective tool. This study combines Raman spectroscopy technology with deep learning algorithms to develop a portable intelligent prototype for oral case analysis. We propose, for the first time, a multi-task network (MTN) Raman spectroscopy classification model that utilizes a shared backbone network to simultaneously achieve different clinical staging and histological grading diagnoses. Results The developed model demonstrated accuracy rates of 94.88%, 94.57%, and 94.34% for tumor staging, lymph node staging, and histological grading, respectively. Its sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy compare closely with the gold standard: routine histopathological examination. Discussion Thus, this prototype proposed in this study has great potential for rapid, non-invasive, and label-free pathological diagnosis of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lianyu Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenjie Zhao
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Dong
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqi Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xinsong Ma
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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13
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Fung E, Chan EYS, Ng KH, Yu KM, Li H, Wang Y. Towards clinical application of GlycA and GlycB for early detection of inflammation associated with (pre)diabetes and cardiovascular disease: recent evidence and updates. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:32. [PMID: 37814278 PMCID: PMC10563214 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation early in life and persists into old age. The long latency period presents opportunities for early detection, lifestyle modification and intervention. However, the performance of conventional biomarker assays to detect low-grade inflammation has been variable, particularly for early-stage cardiometabolic disorder including prediabetes and subclinical atherosclerotic vascular inflammation. During the last decade, the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for metabolic profiling of biofluids in translational and epidemiological research has advanced to a stage approaching clinical application. Proton (1H)-NMR profiling induces no destructible physical changes to specimens, and generates quantitative signals from deconvoluted spectra that are highly repeatable and reproducible. Apart from quantitative analysis of amino acids, lipids/lipoproteins, metabolic intermediates and small proteins, 1H-NMR technology is unique in being able to detect composite signals of acute-phase and low-grade inflammation indicated by glycosylated acetyls (GlycA) and N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid) moieties (GlycB). Different from conventional immunoassays that target epitopes and are susceptible to conformational variation in protein structure and binding, GlycA and GlycB signals are stable over time, and maybe complementary as well as superior to high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and other inflammatory cytokines. Here we review the physicochemical principles behind 1H-NMR profiling of GlycA and GlycB, and the available evidence supporting their potential clinical application for the prediction of incident (pre)diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Fung
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Laboratory for Heart Failure + Circulation Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics & Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Neural, Vascular, and Metabolic Biology Programme, and Ministry of Education Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, St Mary's Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Room 124010, 10/F, LCWCSB, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Eunice Y S Chan
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kwan Hung Ng
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Laboratory for Heart Failure + Circulation Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics & Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka Man Yu
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Laboratory for Heart Failure + Circulation Research, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, and Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics & Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huijun Li
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yulan Wang
- Singapore Phenome Centre, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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14
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Zhong X, Wang G, Li F, Fang S, Zhou S, Ishiwata A, Tonevitsky AG, Shkurnikov M, Cai H, Ding F. Immunomodulatory Effect and Biological Significance of β-Glucans. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1615. [PMID: 37376063 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
β-glucan, one of the homopolysaccharides composed of D-glucose, exists widely in cereals and microorganisms and possesses various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. More recently, there has been mounting proof that β-glucan functions as a physiologically active "biological response modulator (BRM)", promoting dendritic cell maturation, cytokine secretion, and regulating adaptive immune responses-all of which are directly connected with β-glucan-regulated glucan receptors. This review focuses on the sources, structures, immune regulation, and receptor recognition mechanisms of β-glucan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
- Medical College, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512026, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Fu Li
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Sixian Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Siai Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Akihiro Ishiwata
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako 351-0198, Saitama, Japan
| | - Alexander G Tonevitsky
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Maxim Shkurnikov
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 117418, Russia
| | - Hui Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Feiqing Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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15
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Kayili HM, Barlas N, Demirhan DB, Yaman ME, Atakay M, Güler Ü, Kara M, Tekgunduz KS, Salih B. Utilizing linkage-specific ethyl-esterification approach to perform in-depth analysis of sialylated N-glycans present on milk whey glycoproteins. Food Chem 2023; 421:136166. [PMID: 37086518 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation of milk whey proteins, specifically the presence of sialic acid-containing glycan residues, causes functional changes in these proteins. This study aimed to analyze the N-glycome of milk whey glycoproteins from various milk sources using a linkage-specific ethyl esterification approach with MALDI-MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry). The results showed that the N-glycan profiles of bovine and buffalo whey mostly overlapped. Acetylated N-glycans were only detected in donkey milk whey at a rate of 16.06%. a2,6-linked N-Acetylneuraminic acid (a2,6-linked NeuAc, E) was found to be the predominant sialylation type in human milk whey (65.16%). The amount of a2,6-linked NeuAc in bovine, buffalo, goat, and donkey whey glycoproteomes was 42.33%, 44.16%, 39.00%, and 34.86%, respectively. The relative abundances of a2,6-linked N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (a2,6-linked NeuGc, Ge) in bovine, buffalo, goat, and donkey whey were 7.52%, 5.41%, 28.24%, and 17.31%, respectively. Goat whey exhibited the highest amount of a2,3-linked N-Glycolylneuraminic acid (a2,3-linked NeuGc, Gl, 8.62%), while bovine and donkey whey contained only 2.14% and 1.11%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haci Mehmet Kayili
- Karabuk University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Karabük, Turkey.
| | - Nazire Barlas
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Baran Demirhan
- Karabuk University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Karabük, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emrah Yaman
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Atakay
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ülkü Güler
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kara
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neonatology, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Bekir Salih
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey.
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16
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Bangarh R, Khatana C, Kaur S, Sharma A, Kaushal A, Siwal SS, Tuli HS, Dhama K, Thakur VK, Saini RV, Saini AK. Aberrant protein glycosylation: Implications on diagnosis and Immunotherapy. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108149. [PMID: 37030554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation-mediated post-translational modification is critical for regulating many fundamental processes like cell division, differentiation, immune response, and cell-to-cell interaction. Alterations in the N-linked or O-linked glycosylation pattern of regulatory proteins like transcription factors or cellular receptors lead to many diseases, including cancer. These alterations give rise to micro- and macro-heterogeneity in tumor cells. Here, we review the role of O- and N-linked glycosylation and its regulatory function in autoimmunity and aberrant glycosylation in cancer. The change in cellular glycome could result from a change in the expression of glycosidases or glycosyltransferases like N-acetyl-glucosaminyl transferase V, FUT8, ST6Gal-I, DPAGT1, etc., impact the glycosylation of target proteins leading to transformation. Moreover, the mutations in glycogenes affect glycosylation patterns on immune cells leading to other related manifestations like pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. In recent years, understanding the glycome to cancer indicates that it can be utilized for both diagnosis/prognosis as well as immunotherapy. Studies involving mass spectrometry of proteome, site- and structure-specific glycoproteomics, or transcriptomics/genomics of patient samples and cancer models revealed the importance of glycosylation homeostasis in cancer biology. The development of emerging technologies, such as the lectin microarray, has facilitated research on the structure and function of glycans and glycosylation. Newly developed devices allow for high-throughput, high-speed, and precise research on aberrant glycosylation. This paper also discusses emerging technologies and clinical applications of glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Bangarh
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Chainika Khatana
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Simranjeet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Anchita Sharma
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517641, India
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Samarjeet Singh Siwal
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Reena V Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Adesh K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
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17
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Jajosky RP, Wu SC, Zheng L, Jajosky AN, Jajosky PG, Josephson CD, Hollenhorst MA, Sackstein R, Cummings RD, Arthur CM, Stowell SR. ABO blood group antigens and differential glycan expression: Perspective on the evolution of common human enzyme deficiencies. iScience 2023; 26:105798. [PMID: 36691627 PMCID: PMC9860303 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions and play critical roles in human health and disease. Enzyme variants and deficiencies can lead to variable expression of glycans, which can affect physiology, influence predilection for disease, and/or directly contribute to disease pathogenesis. Although certain well-characterized enzyme deficiencies result in overt disease, some of the most common enzyme deficiencies in humans form the basis of blood groups. These carbohydrate blood groups impact fundamental areas of clinical medicine, including the risk of infection and severity of infectious disease, bleeding risk, transfusion medicine, and tissue/organ transplantation. In this review, we examine the enzymes responsible for carbohydrate-based blood group antigen biosynthesis and their expression within the human population. We also consider the evolutionary selective pressures, e.g. malaria, that may account for the variation in carbohydrate structures and the implications of this biology for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Philip Jajosky
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Biconcavity Inc, Lilburn, GA, USA
| | - Shang-Chuen Wu
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leon Zheng
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Audrey N. Jajosky
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, West Henrietta, NY, USA
| | | | - Cassandra D. Josephson
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute and Blood Bank/Transfusion Medicine Division, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marie A. Hollenhorst
- Department of Pathology and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Translational Glycobiology Institute, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Connie M. Arthur
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sean R. Stowell
- Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 630E New Research Building, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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18
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Abstract
The galectin family consists of carbohydrate (glycan) binding proteins that are expressed by a wide variety of cells and bind to galactose-containing glycans. Galectins can be located in the nucleus or the cytoplasm, or can be secreted into the extracellular space. They can modulate innate and adaptive immune cells by binding to glycans on the surface of immune cells or intracellularly via carbohydrate-dependent or carbohydrate-independent interactions. Galectins expressed by immune cells can also participate in host responses to infection by directly binding to microorganisms or by modulating antimicrobial functions such as autophagy. Here we explore the diverse ways in which galectins have been shown to impact immunity and discuss the opportunities and challenges in the field.
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19
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de Sousa GF, Lund RG, da Silva Pinto L. The Role of Plant Lectins in the Cellular and Molecular Processes of Skin Wound Repair: An Overview. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2618-2625. [PMID: 37933218 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128264103231030093124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing pressure for innovative methods to treat compromised and difficult-to-heal wounds. Consequently, new strategies are needed for faster healing, reducing infection, hydrating the wound, stimulating healing mechanisms, accelerating wound closure, and reducing scar formation. In this scenario, lectins present as good candidates for healing agents. Lectins are a structurally heterogeneous group of glycosylated or non-glycosylated proteins of non-immune origin, which can recognize at least one specific monosaccharide or oligosaccharide specific for the reversible binding site. Cell surfaces are rich in glycoproteins (glycosidic receptors) that potentially interact with lectins through the number of carbohydrates reached. This lectin-cell interaction is the molecular basis for triggering various changes in biological organisms, including healing mechanisms. In this context, this review aimed to (i) provide a comprehensive overview of relevant research on the potential of vegetable lectins for wound healing and tissue regeneration processes and (ii) discuss future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Feijó de Sousa
- Bioinformatics and Proteomics Laboratory (BioPro Lab), Technological Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Guerra Lund
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano da Silva Pinto
- Bioinformatics and Proteomics Laboratory (BioPro Lab), Technological Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
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20
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Arif M, Ahmad R, Sharaf M, Muhammad J, Abdalla M, Eltayb WA, Liu CG. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of mannose-modified chitosan/PMLA nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant Helicobacter pylori. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:418-432. [PMID: 36356866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Because of the apparent stasis in antibiotic discoveries and the growth of multidrug resistance, Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric infections are difficult to eradicate. In the search for alternative therapy, the reductive amination of chitosan with mannose, followed by ionic gelation, produced mannose functionalized chitosan nanoparticles. Then, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted with H. pylori lectin (HPLectin) as a target protein involved in bacterium adherence to host cells, biofilm formation, and cytotoxicity. Changes in zeta potential and FTIR spectroscopy revealed that chitosan was functionalized with mannose. Time-kill, polystyrene adherence, and antibiofilm studies were utilized to assess nanoparticles as an alternative antibacterial treatment against a resistant gastric pathogen. Man-CS-Nps were discovered to have effective anti-adherence and biofilm disruption characteristics in suppressing the development of resistant H. pylori. In addition, bioimaging studies with CLSM, TEM, and SEM illustrated that Man-CS-Nps interacted with bacterial cells and induced membrane disruption by creating holes in the outer membranes of the bacterial cells, resulting in the leakage of amino acids. Importantly, molecular docking and 20 ns MD simulations revealed that Man-CS-Nps inhibited the target protein through slow-binding inhibition and hydrogen bond interactions with active site residues. As a consequence of the findings of this study, the Man-CS-Nps is an excellent candidate for developing alternative therapies for the increasing incidences of resistant gastric infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Rafiq Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Sharaf
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11751, Egypt
| | - Javed Muhammad
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Shandong Province, 250012, PR China.
| | - Wafa Ali Eltayb
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Shendi University, Shendi, Nher Anile, Sudan
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, No.5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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21
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Ayechu-Muruzabal V, de Boer M, Blokhuis B, Berends AJ, Garssen J, Kraneveld AD, van’t Land B, Willemsen LEM. Epithelial-derived galectin-9 containing exosomes contribute to the immunomodulatory effects promoted by 2'-fucosyllactose and short-chain galacto- and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1026031. [PMID: 36685520 PMCID: PMC9846635 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Early life exposure to non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDO) or microbial components is known to affect immune development. NDO in combination with a TLR9 agonist mimicking bacterial triggers (CpG) promoted the secretion of galectins through unknown pathways. We aimed to study the contribution of exosomes in epithelial galectin secretion and subsequent immunoregulation upon exposure to a mixture of NDO by inhibiting exosome biogenesis. Methods Human intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) (FHs 74 Int or HT-29) were apically exposed to 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) and short-chain galacto- and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (GF), alone or with CpG. Basolaterally, non-activated or αCD3/CD28-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were added. After 24 h incubation, IEC were washed and incubated in fresh medium to analyze epithelial-derived galectin secretion. Additionally, before exposure to NDO and CpG, IEC were exposed to GW4869 to inhibit exosome biogenesis. After 24 h of incubation, IEC were washed and incubated for additional 24 h in the presence of GW4869, after which epithelial-derived galectin secretion was studied. Also, epithelial-derived exosomes were isolated to study the presence of galectins within the exosomes. Results Compared to CpG alone, exposure to 2'FL/GF mixture and CpG, significantly enhanced Th1-type IFNγ, and regulatory IEC-derived galectin-9 secretion in the HT-29/PBMC model. Similarly, in the FHs 74 Int/PBMC co-culture, 2'FL/GF induced immunomodulatory effects in the absence of CpG. Interestingly, galectin-9 and -4 were present in CD63-expressing exosomes isolated from HT-29 supernatants after IEC/PBMC co-culture. Exposure to GW4869 suppressed 2'FL/GF and CpG induced epithelial-derived galectin-9 secretion, which subsequently prevented the rise in IL-10 and reduction in IL-13 secretion observed in the HT-29/PBMC co-culture model upon exposure to 2'FL/GF and CpG. Discussion Exposure to 2'FL/GF and CpG or 2'FL/GF promoted Th1-type regulatory effects in HT-29/PBMC or FHs 74 Int/PBMC co-culture respectively, while Th2-type IL-13 was reduced in association with increased galectin-9 release. Galectin-9 and -4 were present in exosomes from HT-29 and the inhibition of exosome biogenesis inhibited epithelial-derived galectin secretion. This, also affected immunomodulatory effects in IEC/PBMC co-culture suggesting a key role of galectin expressing IEC-derived exosomes in the mucosal immune regulation induced by NDO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ayechu-Muruzabal
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Merel de Boer
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bart Blokhuis
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alinda J. Berends
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aletta D. Kraneveld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Belinda van’t Land
- Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, The Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Linette E. M. Willemsen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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22
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Highlights on the Role of Galectin-3 in Colorectal Cancer and the Preventive/Therapeutic Potential of Food-Derived Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010052. [PMID: 36612048 PMCID: PMC9817985 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advances in surgical and therapeutic management, tumor metastases and resistance to therapy still represent major hurdles. CRC risk is highly modifiable by lifestyle factors, including diet, which strongly influences both cancer incidence and related mortality. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a multifaceted protein involved in multiple pathophysiological pathways underlying chronic inflammation and cancer. Its versatility is given by the ability to participate in a wide range of tumor-promoting processes, including cell-cell/cell-matrix interactions, cell growth regulation and apoptosis, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. This review provides an updated summary of preclinical and observational human studies investigating the pathogenetic role of Gal-3 in intestinal inflammation and CRC, as well as the potential of Gal-3 activity inhibition by plant-source food-derived bioactive compounds to control CRC onset/growth. These studies highlight both direct and immuno-mediated effects of Gal-3 on tumor growth and invasiveness and its potential role as a CRC prognostic biomarker. Substantial evidence indicates natural food-derived Gal-3 inhibitors as promising candidates for CRC prevention and therapy. However, critical issues, such as their bioavailability and efficacy, in controlled human studies need to be addressed to translate research progress into clinical applications.
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23
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Anwar MT, Adak AK, Kawade SK, Wu HR, Angata T, Lin CC. Combining CuAAC reaction enables sialylated Bi- and triantennary pseudo mannose N-glycans for investigating Siglec-7 interactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 67:116839. [PMID: 35640379 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring N-glycans display much diversity in modifications, linkages, and peripheral presentation of the oligosaccharide chain. Despite continued advancements in oligosaccharide synthesis, synthetic access to these natural glycans remains challenging. Biologically relevant complex N-glycan mimetics with various natural and unnatural modifications are an alternate way for investigating glycan-protein interactions. Further supporting this pattern, we report here a new class of sialylated bi- and triantennary pseudo mannose N-glycans reproducing orientation of the underlying glycan chain and branching patterns and replacing the two inner mannopyranosyl units with 1,2,3-triazole rings. Such mimetics are straightforwardly generated by implementing multiple intermolecular Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition between chemoenzymatically synthesized azido sialosides and rationally designed C-3 and C-6 di-O- or C-2, C-3, and C-6 tri-O-alkynylated mannoside. Human recombinant Siglec-7-Fc fusion protein recognizes almost all sialylated pseudo mannose N-glycans in the microarray. However, a differential Sia-binding pattern was also observed. Given the library size, comparison of pairwise mannose N-glycan combinations showed that biantennary linear α(2,3)α(2,8)- and α(2,6)α(2,8)- or branched α(2,3)α(2,6)-, and triantennary branched α(2,3)α(2,6)-sialyl pseudo N-glycans possess similar binding capabilities and affinity to recombinant Siglec-7-Fc. While the full range of topological mannose arms remain elusive, the bi- and triantennary mimics are simpler structures for interrogating Siglec interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30044, Taiwan
| | - Sachin Kisan Kawade
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30044, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ru Wu
- Instrumentation Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30044, Taiwan
| | - Takashi Angata
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30044, Taiwan; Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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24
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Juste RA, Ferreras-Colino E, de la Fuente J, Domínguez M, Risalde MA, Domínguez L, Cabezas-Cruz A, Gortázar C. Heat inactivated mycobacteria, alpha-gal and zebra fish: insights gained from experiences with two promising trained immunity inductors and a validated animal model. Immunol Suppl 2022; 167:139-153. [PMID: 35752944 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Trained immunity (TRAIM) may be defined as a form of memory where innate immune cells such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic and natural killer (NK) cells undergo an epigenetic reprogramming that enhances their primary defensive capabilities. Cross-pathogen protective TRAIM can be triggered in different hosts by exposure to live microbes or microbe-derived products such as heat-inactivated Mycobacterium bovis or with the glycan α-Gal to elicit protective responses against several pathogens. We review the TRAIM paradigm using two models representing distinct scales of immune sensitization: the whole bacterial cell and one of its building blocks, the polysaccharides or glycans. Observations point out to macrophage lytic capabilities and cytokine regulation as two key components in nonspecific innate immune responses against infections. The study of the TRAIM response deserves attention to better characterize the evolution of host-pathogen cooperation both for identifying the etiology of some diseases and for finding new therapeutic strategies. In this field, the zebrafish provides a convenient and complete biological system that could help to deepen in the knowledge of TRAIM-mediated mechanisms in pathogen-host interactions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón A Juste
- Animal Health Department, NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.,NySA. Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain
| | - Elisa Ferreras-Colino
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Mercedes Domínguez
- Unidad de Inmunología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera Pozuelo-Majadahonda km 2, 28220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Risalde
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas y Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), Córdoba, Spain.,CIBERINFEC, ISCIII - CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Domínguez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz
- UMR BIPAR, INRAE, ANSES, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Christian Gortázar
- SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, Ciudad Real, Spain
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25
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Leite-Gomes E, Dias AM, Azevedo CM, Santos-Pereira B, Magalhães M, Garrido M, Amorim R, Lago P, Marcos-Pinto R, Pinho SS. Bringing to Light the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mucosal Glycosylation as a Key Player. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:947-962. [PMID: 34849933 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colitis-associated cancer is a major complication of inflammatory bowel disease remaining an important clinical challenge in terms of diagnosis, screening, and prognosis. Inflammation is a driving factor both in inflammatory bowel disease and cancer, but the mechanism underlying the transition from colon inflammation to cancer remains to be defined. Dysregulation of mucosal glycosylation has been described as a key regulatory mechanism associated both with colon inflammation and colorectal cancer development. In this review, we discuss the major molecular mechanisms of colitis-associated cancer pathogenesis, highlighting the role of glycans expressed at gut epithelial cells, at lamina propria T cells, and in serum proteins in the regulation of intestinal inflammation and its progression to colon cancer, further discussing its potential clinical and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Leite-Gomes
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M Dias
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina M Azevedo
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Santos-Pereira
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Magalhães
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Garrido
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Amorim
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Lago
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Marcos-Pinto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centre for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé S Pinho
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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26
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Toraskar S, Madhukar Chaudhary P, Kikkeri R. The Shape of Nanostructures Encodes Immunomodulation of Carbohydrate Antigen and Vaccine Development. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:1122-1130. [PMID: 35426652 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have shown remarkable potential for vaccine development, but the influence of the size and shape of nanoparticles modulating the T-cell-dependent carbohydrate antigen processing and immunomodulation is poorly investigated. Here, we described how different shapes and sizes of gold nanostructures carrying adjuvant modulate carbohydrate-based antigen processing in murine dendritic cells (mDCs) and subsequent T-cell activation produce a robust antibody response. As a prototype, CpG-adjuvant-coated spherical and rod- and star-shaped AuNPs were conjugated to the tripodal Tn-glycopeptide antigen to study their DC uptake and activation of T-cells in a DCs/T-cell co-culture assay. Our results showed that the spherical and star-shaped AuNPs displayed relatively weak receptor-mediated uptake and endosomal sequestration; however, they induced a high level of T helper-1 (Th1) biasing immune responses compared with rod-shaped AuNPs. Furthermore, the in vivo administration of AuNPs showed that the small spherical and star-shaped AuNPs induced an effective anti-Tn-glycopeptide immunoglobulin (IgG) antibody response compared with rod-shaped AuNPs. These results indicated that one could obtain superior carbohydrate vaccines by varying the shape and size parameters of nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Toraskar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Preeti Madhukar Chaudhary
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Raghavendra Kikkeri
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
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27
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Sanozky-Dawes R, Barrangou R. Lactobacillus, glycans and drivers of health in the vaginal microbiome. MICROBIOME RESEARCH REPORTS 2022; 1:18. [PMID: 38046360 PMCID: PMC10688826 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2022.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A microbiome consists of microbes and their genomes, encompassing bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, archaea, and eukaryotes. These elements interact dynamically in the specific environment in which they reside and evolve. In the past decade, studies of various microbiomes have been prevalent in the scientific literature, accounting for the shift from culture-dependent to culture-independent identification of microbes using new high-throughput sequencing technologies that decipher their composition and sometimes provide insights into their functions. Despite tremendous advances in understanding the gut microbiome, relatively little attention has been devoted to the vaginal environment, notably regarding the ubiquity and diversity of glycans which denote the significant role they play in the maintenance of homeostasis. Hopefully, emerging technologies will aid in the determination of what is a healthy vaginal microbiome, and provide insights into the roles of Lactobacillus, glycans and microbiome-related drivers of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodolphe Barrangou
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
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28
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Wilson J, Bilbao A, Wang J, Liao YC, Velickovic D, Wojcik R, Passamonti M, Zhao R, Gargano AFG, Gerbasi VR, Pas̆a-Tolić L, Baker SE, Zhou M. Online Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography (HILIC) Enhanced Top-Down Mass Spectrometry Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain. Anal Chem 2022; 94:5909-5917. [PMID: 35380435 PMCID: PMC9003935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 cellular infection is mediated by the heavily glycosylated spike protein. Recombinant versions of the spike protein and the receptor-binding domain (RBD) are necessary for seropositivity assays and can potentially serve as vaccines against viral infection. RBD plays key roles in the spike protein's structure and function, and thus, comprehensive characterization of recombinant RBD is critically important for biopharmaceutical applications. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry has been widely used to characterize post-translational modifications in proteins, including glycosylation. Most studies of RBDs were performed at the proteolytic peptide (bottom-up proteomics) or released glycan level because of the technical challenges in resolving highly heterogeneous glycans at the intact protein level. Herein, we evaluated several online separation techniques: (1) C2 reverse-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), (2) capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), and (3) acrylamide-based monolithic hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) to separate intact recombinant RBDs with varying combinations of glycosylations (glycoforms) for top-down mass spectrometry (MS). Within the conditions we explored, the HILIC method was superior to RPLC and CZE at separating RBD glycoforms, which differ significantly in neutral glycan groups. In addition, our top-down analysis readily captured unexpected modifications (e.g., cysteinylation and N-terminal sequence variation) and low abundance, heavily glycosylated proteoforms that may be missed by using glycopeptide data alone. The HILIC top-down MS platform holds great potential in resolving heterogeneous glycoproteins for facile comparison of biosimilars in quality control applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse
W. Wilson
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Aivett Bilbao
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Juan Wang
- Biological
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratories, 902 Battelle
Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yen-Chen Liao
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Dusan Velickovic
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Roza Wojcik
- National
Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratories, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Marta Passamonti
- Centre
for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The
Netherlands
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Rui Zhao
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Andrea F. G. Gargano
- Centre
for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The
Netherlands
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent R. Gerbasi
- Biological
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratories, 902 Battelle
Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ljiljana Pas̆a-Tolić
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Scott E. Baker
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Mowei Zhou
- Environmental
Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest
National Laboratory, 3335 Innovation Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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29
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Heine V, Pelantová H, Bojarová P, Křen V, Elling L. Targeted fucosylation of glycans with engineered bacterial fucosyltransferase variants. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Heine
- Czech Academy of Sciences: Akademie ved Ceske republiky Institute of Microbiology CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Helena Pelantová
- Czech Academy of Sciences: Akademie ved Ceske republiky Institute of Microbiology CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Czech Academy of Sciences: Akademie ved Ceske republiky Institute of Microbiology CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Czech Academy of Sciences: Akademie ved Ceske republiky Institute of Microbiology CZECH REPUBLIC
| | - Lothar Elling
- RWTH Aachen University: Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen Institute of Biotechnology and Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering Pauwelsstr. 20 52074 Aachen GERMANY
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30
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Lujan AL, Croci DO, Rabinovich GA, Damiani MT. Galectins as potential therapeutic targets in STIs in the female genital tract. Nat Rev Urol 2022; 19:240-252. [PMID: 35105978 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Every day, more than one million people worldwide acquire a sexually transmitted infection (STI). This public health problem has a direct effect on women's reproductive and sexual health as STIs can cause irreversible damage to fertility and can have negative consequences associated with discrimination and social exclusion. Infection with one sexually transmitted pathogen predisposes to co-infection with others, suggesting the existence of shared pathways that serve as molecular links between these diseases. Galectins, a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins, have emerged as endogenous mediators that facilitate cell-surface binding, internalization and cell invasion of many sexually transmitted pathogens, including Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans, HIV and herpes simplex virus. The ability of certain galectins to dimerize or form multimeric complexes confers the capacity to interact simultaneously with glycosylated ligands on both the pathogen and the cervico-vaginal tissue on these proteins. Galectins can act as a bridge by engaging glycans from the pathogen surface and glycosylated receptors from host cells, which is a mechanism that has been shown to be shared by several sexually transmitted pathogens. In the case of viruses and obligate intracellular bacteria, binding to the cell surface promotes pathogen internalization and cell invasion. Inflammatory responses that occur in cervico-vaginal tissue might trigger secretion of galectins, which in turn control the establishment, evolution and severity of STIs. Thus, galectin-targeted therapies could potentially prevent or decrease STIs caused by a diverse array of pathogenic microorganisms; furthermore, anti-galectin agents might reduce treatment costs of STIs and reach the most vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin L Lujan
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Instituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego O Croci
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), C1428AGE, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maria T Damiani
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica e Inmunidad, Instituto de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCUYO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.
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31
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Matos R, Sousa HS, Nogueiro J, Magalhães A, Reis CA, Carneiro F, Amorim I, Haesebrouck F, Gärtner F. Helicobacter species binding to the human gastric mucosa. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12867. [PMID: 34967491 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infects half of the world population, being associated with several gastric disorders, such as chronic gastritis and gastric carcinoma. The Helicobacter genus also includes other gastric helicobacters, such as H. heilmannii¸ H. ailurogastricus, H. suis, H. felis, H. bizzozeronii, and H. salomonis. These gastric helicobacters colonize both the human and animal stomach. The prevalence of gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) species in humans has been described as low, and the in vitro binding to the human gastric mucosa was never assessed. Herein, human gastric tissue sections were used for the evaluation of the tissue glycophenotype and for the binding of gastric NHPH strains belonging to different species. Histopathological evaluation showed that 37.5% of the patients enrolled in our cohort presented chronic gastritis, while the presence of neutrophil or eosinophilic activity (chronic active gastritis) was observed in 62.5% of the patients. The secretor phenotype was observed in 68.8% of the individuals, based on the expression of Lewis B antigen and binding of the UleX lectin. The in vitro binding assay showed that all the NHPH strains evaluated were able to bind, albeit in low frequency, to the human gastric mucosa. The H. heilmannii, H. bizzozeronii, and H. salomonis strains displayed the highest binding ability both to the gastric superficial epithelium and to the deep glands. Interestingly, we observed binding of NHPH to the gastric mucosa of individuals with severe chronic inflammation and intestinal metaplasia, suggesting that NHPH binding may not be restricted to the healthy gastric mucosa or slight chronic gastritis. Furthermore, the in vitro binding of NHPH strains was observed both in secretor and non-secretor individuals in a similar frequency. In conclusion, this study is the first report of the in vitro binding ability of gastric NHPH species to the human gastric mucosa. The results suggest that other glycans, besides the Lewis antigens, could be involved in the bacterial adhesion mechanism; however, the molecular intervenients remain unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Matos
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Santos Sousa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Nogueiro
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Magalhães
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Celso A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Carneiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Irina Amorim
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Freddy Haesebrouck
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Fátima Gärtner
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
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32
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Stefanetti G, Borriello F, Richichi B, Zanoni I, Lay L. Immunobiology of Carbohydrates: Implications for Novel Vaccine and Adjuvant Design Against Infectious Diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:808005. [PMID: 35118012 PMCID: PMC8803737 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.808005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrates are ubiquitous molecules expressed on the surface of nearly all living cells, and their interaction with carbohydrate-binding proteins is critical to many immunobiological processes. Carbohydrates are utilized as antigens in many licensed vaccines against bacterial pathogens. More recently, they have also been considered as adjuvants. Interestingly, unlike other types of vaccines, adjuvants have improved immune response to carbohydrate-based vaccine in humans only in a few cases. Furthermore, despite the discovery of many new adjuvants in the last years, aluminum salts, when needed, remain the only authorized adjuvant for carbohydrate-based vaccines. In this review, we highlight historical and recent advances on the use of glycans either as vaccine antigens or adjuvants, and we review the use of currently available adjuvants to improve the efficacy of carbohydrate-based vaccines. A better understanding of the mechanism of carbohydrate interaction with innate and adaptive immune cells will benefit the design of a new generation of glycan-based vaccines and of immunomodulators to fight both longstanding and emerging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Stefanetti
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Francesco Borriello
- Division of Immunology, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ivan Zanoni
- Division of Immunology, Division of Gastroenterology, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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33
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Yong C, Li Y, Bi T, Chen G, Zheng D, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Research Progress on the Synthesis and Activity of D-Galactose Derived Small Galectin Inhibitors. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202110036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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34
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Mészáros Z, Nekvasilová P, Bojarová P, Křen V, Slámová K. Reprint of: Advanced glycosidases as ingenious biosynthetic instruments. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 51:107820. [PMID: 34462167 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, glycosidases, naturally hydrolyzing carbohydrate-active enzymes, have found few synthetic applications in industry, being primarily used for cleaving unwanted carbohydrates. With the establishment of glycosynthase and transglycosidase technology by genetic engineering, the view of glycosidases as industrial biotechnology tools has started to change. Their easy production, affordability, robustness, and substrate versatility, added to the possibility of controlling undesired side hydrolysis by enzyme engineering, have made glycosidases competitive synthetic tools. Current promising applications of engineered glycosidases include the production of well-defined chitooligomers, precious galactooligosaccharides or specialty chemicals such as glycosylated flavonoids. Other synthetic pathways leading to human milk oligosaccharides or remodeled antibodies are on the horizon. This work provides an overview of the synthetic achievements to date for glycosidases, emphasizing the latest trends and outlining possible developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Mészáros
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 1903/3, CZ-16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Nekvasilová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, CZ-12843, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bojarová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Slámová
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, CZ-14220 Praha 4, Czech Republic.
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35
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Jarahian M, Marofi F, Maashi MS, Ghaebi M, Khezri A, Berger MR. Re-Expression of Poly/Oligo-Sialylated Adhesion Molecules on the Surface of Tumor Cells Disrupts Their Interaction with Immune-Effector Cells and Contributes to Pathophysiological Immune Escape. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5203. [PMID: 34680351 PMCID: PMC8534074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycans linked to surface proteins are the most complex biological macromolecules that play an active role in various cellular mechanisms. This diversity is the basis of cell-cell interaction and communication, cell growth, cell migration, as well as co-stimulatory or inhibitory signaling. Our review describes the importance of neuraminic acid and its derivatives as recognition elements, which are located at the outermost positions of carbohydrate chains linked to specific glycoproteins or glycolipids. Tumor cells, especially from solid tumors, mask themselves by re-expression of hypersialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), neuropilin-2 (NRP-2), or synaptic cell adhesion molecule 1 (SynCAM 1) in order to protect themselves against the cytotoxic attack of the also highly sialylated immune effector cells. More particularly, we focus on α-2,8-linked polysialic acid chains, which characterize carrier glycoproteins such as NCAM, NRP-2, or SynCam-1. This characteristic property correlates with an aggressive clinical phenotype and endows them with multiple roles in biological processes that underlie all steps of cancer progression, including regulation of cell-cell and/or cell-extracellular matrix interactions, as well as increased proliferation, migration, reduced apoptosis rate of tumor cells, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Specifically, re-expression of poly/oligo-sialylated adhesion molecules on the surface of tumor cells disrupts their interaction with immune-effector cells and contributes to pathophysiological immune escape. Further, sialylated glycoproteins induce immunoregulatory cytokines and growth factors through interactions with sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins. We describe the processes, which modulate the interaction between sialylated carrier glycoproteins and their ligands, and illustrate that sialic acids could be targets of novel therapeutic strategies for treatment of cancer and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Jarahian
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5165665931, Iran;
| | - Marwah Suliman Maashi
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Unit at King Fahad Medical Research Centre, Jeddah 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahnaz Ghaebi
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center (CGRC), Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 4513956184, Iran;
| | - Abdolrahman Khezri
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, 2418 Hamar, Norway;
| | - Martin R. Berger
- German Cancer Research Center, Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
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36
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Pedowitz NJ, Jackson EG, Overhulse JM, McKenna CE, Kohler JJ, Pratt MR. Anomeric Fatty Acid Functionalization Prevents Nonenzymatic S-Glycosylation by Monosaccharide Metabolic Chemical Reporters. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1924-1929. [PMID: 34282887 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic chemical reports have fundamentally changed the way researchers study glycosylation. However, when administered as per-O-acetylated sugars, reporter molecules can participate in nonspecific chemical labeling of cysteine residues termed S-glycosylation. Without detailed proteomic analyses, these labeling events can be indistinguishable from bona fide enzymatic labeling convoluting experimental results. Here, we report a solution in the synthesis and characterization of two reporter molecules functionalized at the anomeric position with hexanoic acid: 1-Hex-GlcNAlk and 1-Hex-6AzGlcNAc. Both reporters exhibit robust labeling over background with negligible amounts of nonspecific chemical labeling in cell lysates. This strategy serves as a template for the design of future reporter molecules allowing for more reliable interpretation of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole J. Pedowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Emma G. Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Justin M. Overhulse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Charles E. McKenna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jennifer J. Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
| | - Matthew R. Pratt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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de la Fuente J, Contreras M. Vaccinomics: a future avenue for vaccine development against emerging pathogens. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:1561-1569. [PMID: 34582295 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1987222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccines are a major achievement in medical sciences, but the development of more effective vaccines against infectious diseases is essential for prevention and control of emerging pathogens worldwide. The application of omics technologies has advanced vaccinology through the characterization of host-vector-pathogen molecular interactions and the identification of candidate protective antigens. However, major challenges such as host immunity, pathogen and environmental factors, vaccine efficacy and safety need to be addressed. Vaccinomics provides a platform to address these challenges and improve vaccine efficacy and safety. AREAS COVERED In this review, we summarize current information on vaccinomics and propose quantum vaccinomics approaches to further advance vaccine development through the identification and combination of antigen protective epitopes, the immunological quantum. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is an example of emerging infectious diseases with global impact on human health. EXPERT OPINION Vaccines are required for the effective and environmentally sustainable intervention for the control of emerging infectious diseases worldwide. Recent advances in vaccinomics provide a platform to address challenges in improving vaccine efficacy and implementation. As proposed here, quantum vaccinomics will contribute to vaccine development, efficacy, and safety by facilitating antigen combinations to target pathogen infection and transmission in emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de la Fuente
- SaBio, Instituto De Investigación En Recursos Cinegéticos Irec-csic-uclm-jccm, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Marinela Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Espinardo, Spain
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Zeng J, Aryal RP, Stavenhagen K, Luo C, Liu R, Wang X, Chen J, Li H, Matsumoto Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Ju T, Cummings RD. Cosmc deficiency causes spontaneous autoimmunity by breaking B cell tolerance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg9118. [PMID: 34613773 PMCID: PMC8494437 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg9118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Factors regulating the induction and development of B cell–mediated autoimmunity are not well understood. Here, we report that targeted deletion in murine B cells of X-linked Cosmc, encoding the chaperone required for expression of core 1 O-glycans, causes the spontaneous development of autoimmune pathologies due to a breakdown of B cell tolerance. BC-CosmcKO mice display multiple phenotypic abnormalities, including severe weight loss, ocular manifestations, lymphadenopathy, and increased female-associated mortality. Disruption of B cell tolerance in BC-CosmcKO mice is manifested as elevated self-reactive IgM and IgG autoantibodies. Cosmc-deficient B cells exhibit enhanced basal activation and responsiveness to stimuli. There is also an elevated frequency of spontaneous germinal center B cells in BC-CosmcKO mice. Mechanistically, loss of Cosmc confers enhanced B cell receptor (BCR) signaling through diminished BCR internalization. The results demonstrate that Cosmc, through control of core 1 O-glycans, is a previously unidentified immune checkpoint gene in maintaining B cell tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rajindra P. Aryal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathrin Stavenhagen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chi Luo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renyan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiaxuan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Xu D, Zhao Z, Li Y, Shang C, Liu L, Yan J, Zheng Y, Wen Z, Gu T. Inhibition of O-glycosylation aggravates GalN/LPS-induced liver injury through activation of ER stress. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:741-748. [PMID: 34549685 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1979035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE O-glycosylation is the most common post-translational modification of proteins, which is involved in many pathophysiological processes including inflammation. Acute liver injury is characterized by an excessive, uncontrolled inflammatory response, but the effects of aberrant O-glycosylation on acute liver injury are yet to explore. Here we aimed to investigate the role of defective O-glycosylation in D-galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver damage in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Experimental mice were administrated with an O-glycosylation inhibitor (benzyl-a-GalNac, 5 mg/kg) at 24 h before administration of GalN/LPS. At 12 h after GalN/LPS administration, mice were sacrificed to collect blood and liver samples for further analysis. RESULTS We found that benzyl-a-GalNac treatment-induced abundant expression of Tn antigen, which is an immature O-glycan representing abnormal O-glycosylation. Benzyl-a-GalNac pretreatment exacerbated considerably GalN/LPS-induced liver damage in mice, evidenced by significantly reduced survival rates, more severe histological alterations, and notable elevation of multiple inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Mechanistically, benzyl-a-GalNac could trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the liver of mice, demonstrated by the elevated expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), both of which are hallmarks for ER stress. Inhibition of ER stress by 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) markedly abrogated benzyl-a-GalNac-mediated enhanced hepatotoxicity and systemic inflammation in GalN/LPS-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that inhibition of O-glycosylation caused by benzyl-a-GalNac aggravated GalN/LPS-induced liver damage and systemic inflammation, which may be due to activation of ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkui Xu
- VIP Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenguo Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yixian Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Shang
- VIP Department, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jiaxu Yan
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zongmei Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Gu
- Department of Oncology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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40
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The T/Tn-Specific Helix pomatia Lectin Induces Cell Death in Lymphoma Cells Negative for T/Tn Antigens. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174356. [PMID: 34503166 PMCID: PMC8431231 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Changes in glycosylation, such as incomplete synthesis and higher density of O-glycans on the cell surface, are frequently observed in cancer cells. Several types of truncated O-glycan structures, e.g., T/Tn antigens, are suspected to disrupt molecular interactions between tumor microenvironment and immune cells, for instance, facilitating cancer immune-escape. Therefore, numerous exogenous lectins targeting aberrant O-glycans are interesting tools for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. However, the ability of exolectins to detect subtle alterations in the glycome of tumor cells and to interfere in tumor/healthy cell interactions remains largely unknown. The present article reports for the first time that the Helix pomatia (HPA) lectin, a well-known T/Tn-specific lectin, currently used as a tool in cancer diagnostics, kills Tn-positive leukemia cells and Tn-negative lymphoma cells but does not affect healthy lymphocytes. Thus, HPA could be used to discriminate between tumor and healthy cells, and detect subtle alterations in the glycosylation profile. Abstract Morniga G is a T/Tn-specific lectin, inducing cell death in Tn-positive leukemias but not in healthy lymphocytes. Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) is another T/Tn-specific lectin, currently used as tool for cancer diagnostics. The HPA-mediated tumor cell death was evaluated on human leukemia and mouse lymphoma cells, and compared to the effect of Morniga G. Both lectins induced an equivalent percentage of cell death in Tn-positive Jurkat human leukemia. In contrast, EL4 mouse lymphoma resisted Morniga G-mediated cytotoxicity but were killed by HPA at concentrations of 2.5 μg/mL (0.032 nM) and higher. In both malignant cells, HPA-mediated cell death showed features compatible with apoptosis (annexin-externalization, caspase-activation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and ROS production). Cytometry analysis indicated that EL4 cells are T/Tn-negative. Because previous results showed a high amount of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc, sugar present in Tn antigen) on EL4 cell surface, this GalNAc could be involved in the formation of truncated O-glycans other than the T/Tn residues. When compared to Morniga G, bioinformatic analysis suggested that HPA benefits from an extended carbohydrate-binding site, better adapted than Morniga G to the accommodation of more complex branched and truncated O-glycans (such as core 2). Finally, HPA killed EL4 cells but not healthy lymphocytes in a mixture of lymphoma cells + lymphocytes, suggesting that HPA selectively triggers tumor cell death.
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Park MS, Yang AY, Lee JE, Kim SK, Roe JS, Park MS, Oh MJ, An HJ, Kim MY. GALNT3 suppresses lung cancer by inhibiting myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration and angiogenesis in a TNFR and c-MET pathway-dependent manner. Cancer Lett 2021; 521:294-307. [PMID: 34416337 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The deregulation of polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferases (GALNTs) contributes to several cancers, but their roles in lung cancer remain unclear. In this study, we have identified a tumor-suppressing role of GALNT3 in lung cancer. We found that GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer development and progression in both xenograft and syngeneic mouse models. Specifically, GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer initiation by inhibiting the self-renewal of lung cancer cells. More importantly, GALNT3 attenuated lung cancer growth by preventing the creation of a favorable tumor microenvironment (TME), which was attributed to GALNT3's ability to inhibit myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration into tumor sites and subsequent angiogenesis. We also identified a GALNT3-regulated gene (GRG) signature and found that lung cancer patients whose tumors exhibit the GRG signature showed more favorable prognoses. Further investigation revealed that GALNT3 suppressed lung cancer cell self-renewal by reducing β-catenin levels, which led to reduced expression of the downstream targets of the WNT pathway. In addition, GALNT3 inhibited MDSC infiltration into tumor sites by suppressing both the TNFR1-NFκB and cMET-pAKT pathways. Specifically, GALNT3 inhibited the nuclear localization of NFκB and the c-MET-induced phosphorylation of AKT. This then led to reduced production of CXCL1, a chemokine required for MDSC recruitment. Finally, we confirmed that the GALNT3-induced inhibition of the TNFR1-NFκB and cMET-pAKT pathways involved the O-GalNAcylation of the TNFR1 and cMET receptors. In summary, we have identified GALNT3 as the first GALNT member capable of suppressing lung cancer and uncovered a novel mechanism by which GALNT3 regulates the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi So Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Yeong Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Kyu Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Roe
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seok Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jin Oh
- Asia-Pacific Glycomics Reference Site, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joo An
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science And Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea; KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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Anderluh M, Berti F, Bzducha‐Wróbel A, Chiodo F, Colombo C, Compostella F, Durlik K, Ferhati X, Holmdahl R, Jovanovic D, Kaca W, Lay L, Marinovic‐Cincovic M, Marradi M, Ozil M, Polito L, Reina‐Martin JJ, Reis CA, Sackstein R, Silipo A, Švajger U, Vaněk O, Yamamoto F, Richichi B, van Vliet SJ. Emerging glyco-based strategies to steer immune responses. FEBS J 2021; 288:4746-4772. [PMID: 33752265 PMCID: PMC8453523 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycan structures are common posttranslational modifications of proteins, which serve multiple important structural roles (for instance in protein folding), but also are crucial participants in cell-cell communications and in the regulation of immune responses. Through the interaction with glycan-binding receptors, glycans are able to affect the activation status of antigen-presenting cells, leading either to induction of pro-inflammatory responses or to suppression of immunity and instigation of immune tolerance. This unique feature of glycans has attracted the interest and spurred collaborations of glyco-chemists and glyco-immunologists to develop glycan-based tools as potential therapeutic approaches in the fight against diseases such as cancer and autoimmune conditions. In this review, we highlight emerging advances in this field, and in particular, we discuss on how glycan-modified conjugates or glycoengineered cells can be employed as targeting devices to direct tumor antigens to lectin receptors on antigen-presenting cells, like dendritic cells. In addition, we address how glycan-based nanoparticles can act as delivery platforms to enhance immune responses. Finally, we discuss some of the latest developments in glycan-based therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells to achieve targeting of tumor-associated glycan-specific epitopes, as well as the use of glycan moieties to suppress ongoing immune responses, especially in the context of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Anderluh
- Chair of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaSlovenia
| | | | - Anna Bzducha‐Wróbel
- Department of Biotechnology and Food MicrobiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWPoland
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Cinzia Colombo
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo)University of MilanItaly
| | - Federica Compostella
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanItaly
| | - Katarzyna Durlik
- Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Xhenti Ferhati
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Medical Inflammation ResearchDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Dragana Jovanovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‐ National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeSerbia
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo)University of MilanItaly
| | - Milena Marinovic‐Cincovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‐ National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeSerbia
| | - Marco Marradi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Musa Ozil
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Arts and SciencesRecep Tayyip Erdogan University RizeTurkey
| | | | | | - Celso A. Reis
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoPortugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel SalazarUniversity of PortoPortugal
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicinethe Translational Glycobiology InstituteHerbert Wertheim College of MedicineFlorida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IIComplesso Universitario Monte Sant’AngeloNapoliItaly
| | - Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Center of SloveniaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Fumiichiro Yamamoto
- Immunohematology & Glycobiology LaboratoryJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research InstituteBadalonaSpain
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Sandra J. van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNetherlands
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Kong C, Beukema M, Wang M, de Haan BJ, de Vos P. Human milk oligosaccharides and non-digestible carbohydrates prevent adhesion of specific pathogens via modulating glycosylation or inflammatory genes in intestinal epithelial cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:8100-8119. [PMID: 34286788 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00872b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (hMOs) and non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) are known to inhibit the adhesion of pathogens to the gut epithelium, but the mechanisms involved are not well understood. Here, the effects of 2'-FL, 3-FL, DP3-DP10, DP10-DP60 and DP30-DP60 inulins and DM7, DM55 and DM69 pectins were studied on pathogen adhesion to Caco-2 cells. As the growth phase influences virulence, E. coli ET8, E. coli LMG5862, E. coli O119, E. coli WA321, and S. enterica subsp. enterica LMG07233 from both log and stationary phases were tested. Specificity for enteric pathogens was tested by including the lung pathogen K. pneumoniae LMG20218. Expression of the cell membrane glycosylation genes of galectin and glycocalyx and inflammatory genes was studied in the presence and absence of 2'-FL or NDCs. Inhibition of pathogen adhesion was observed for 2'-FL, inulins, and pectins. Pre-incubation with 2'-FL downregulated ICAM1, and pectins modified the glycosylation genes. In contrast, K. pneumoniae LMG20218 downregulated the inflammatory genes, but these were restored by pre-incubation with pectins, which reduced the adhesion of K. pneumoniae LMG20218. In addition, DM69 pectin significantly upregulated the inflammatory genes. 2'-FL and pectins but not inulins inhibited pathogen adhesion to the gut epithelial Caco-2 cells through changing the cell membrane glycosylation and inflammatory genes, but the effects were molecule-, pathogen-, and growth phase-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Kong
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Chen P, De Schutter K, Van Damme EJM, Smagghe G. Can Plant Lectins Help to Elucidate Insect Lectin-Mediated Immune Response? INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12060497. [PMID: 34071763 PMCID: PMC8226959 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Lectins are proteins that can recognize and selectively bind specific sugar structures. These proteins are present in all kingdoms of life, including plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms and play a role in a broad range of processes. The interactions between lectins and their target carbohydrates play a primordial role in plant and animal immune systems. Despite being the largest and most diverse taxa on earth, the study of lectins and their functions in insects is lagging behind. To study the role of insect lectins in the immune response, plant lectins could provide an interesting tool. Plant lectins have been well characterized and many of them possess immunomodulatory properties in vertebrate cells. The increasing knowledge on the immunomodulatory effects of plant lectins could complement the missing knowledge on the endogenous insect lectins and contribute to understanding the processes and mechanisms by which lectins participate in insect immunity. This review summarizes existing studies of immune responses stimulated by endogenous or exogenous lectins. Abstract Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that recognize and selectively bind to specific sugar structures. This group of proteins is widespread in plants, animals, and microorganisms, and exerts a broad range of functions. Many plant lectins were identified as exogenous stimuli of vertebrate immunity. Despite being the largest and most diverse taxon on earth, the study of lectins and their functions in insects is lagging behind. In insects, research on lectins and their biological importance has mainly focused on the C-type lectin (CTL) family, limiting our global understanding of the function of insect lectins and their role in insect immunity. In contrast, plant lectins have been well characterized and the immunomodulatory effects of several plant lectins have been documented extensively in vertebrates. This information could complement the missing knowledge on endogenous insect lectins and contribute to understanding of the processes and mechanisms by which lectins participate in insect immunity. This review summarizes existing studies of immune responses stimulated by endogenous or exogenous lectins. Understanding how lectins modulate insect immune responses can provide insight which, in turn, can help to elaborate novel ideas applicable for the protection of beneficial insects and the development of novel pest control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (P.C.); (K.D.S.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Kristof De Schutter
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (P.C.); (K.D.S.)
| | - Els J. M. Van Damme
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (P.C.); (K.D.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Jeethy Ram T, Lekshmi A, Somanathan T, Sujathan K. Galectin-3: A factotum in carcinogenesis bestowing an archery for prevention. Tumour Biol 2021; 43:77-96. [PMID: 33998569 DOI: 10.3233/tub-200051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer metastasis and therapy resistance are the foremost hurdles in oncology at the moment. This review aims to pinpoint the functional aspects of a unique multifaceted glycosylated molecule in both intracellular and extracellular compartments of a cell namely galectin-3 along with its metastatic potential in different types of cancer. All materials reviewed here were collected through the search engines PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar. Among the 15 galectins identified, the chimeric gal-3 plays an indispensable role in the differentiation, transformation, and multi-step process of tumor metastasis. It has been implicated in the molecular mechanisms that allow the cancer cells to survive in the intravascular milieu and promote tumor cell extravasation, ultimately leading to metastasis. Gal-3 has also been found to have a pivotal role in immune surveillance and pro-angiogenesis and several studies have pointed out the importance of gal-3 in establishing a resistant phenotype, particularly through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. Additionally, some recent findings suggest the use of gal-3 inhibitors in overcoming therapeutic resistance. All these reports suggest that the deregulation of these specific lectins at the cellular level could inhibit cancer progression and metastasis. A more systematic study of glycosylation in clinical samples along with the development of selective gal-3 antagonists inhibiting the activity of these molecules at the cellular level offers an innovative strategy for primary cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jeethy Ram
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Asha Lekshmi
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Thara Somanathan
- Division of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - K Sujathan
- Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Tavares MR, Pechar M, Chytil P, Etrych T. Polymer-Based Drug-Free Therapeutics for Anticancer, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antibacterial Treatment. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100135. [PMID: 34008348 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This paper summarizes the area of biomedicinal polymers, which serve as nanomedicines even though they do not contain any anticancer or antiinflammatory drugs. These polymer nanomedicines with unique design are in the literature highlighted as a novel class of therapeutics called "drug-free macromolecular therapeutics." Their therapeutic efficacy is based on the tailored multiple presentations of biologically active vectors, i.e., peptides, oligopeptides, or oligosaccharides. Thus, they enable, for example, to directly induce the apoptosis of malignant cells by the crosslinking of surface slowly internalizing receptors, or to deplete the efficacy of tumor-associated proteins. The precise biorecognition of natural binding motifs by multiple vectors on the polymer construct remains the crucial part in the designing of these drug-free nanomedicines. Here, the rationales, designs, synthetic approaches, and therapeutic potential of drug-free macromolecular therapeutics consisting of various active vectors are described in detail. Recent developments and achievements for namely B-cell lymphoma treatment, Gal-3-positive tumors, inflammative liver injury, and bacterial treatment are reviewed and highlighted. Finally, a possible future prospect within this highly exciting new field of nanomedicine research is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Rodrigues Tavares
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 6, 162 06, Czechia
| | - Michal Pechar
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 6, 162 06, Czechia
| | - Petr Chytil
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 6, 162 06, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague, 6, 162 06, Czechia
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Suttapitugsakul S, Tong M, Wu R. Time-Resolved and Comprehensive Analysis of Surface Glycoproteins Reveals Distinct Responses of Monocytes and Macrophages to Bacterial Infection. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 133:11595-11604. [PMID: 34421137 PMCID: PMC8376197 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycoproteins on the surface of immune cells play extremely important roles in response to pathogens. Yet, a systematic and time-resolved investigation of surface glycoproteins during the immune response remains to be explored. Integrating selective enrichment of surface glycoproteins with multiplexed proteomics, we globally and site-specifically quantified the dynamics of surface glycoproteins on THP-1 monocytes and macrophages in response to bacterial infection and during the monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. The time-resolved analysis reveals transient changes and differential remodeling of surface glycoproteins on both cell types, and potential upstream regulators and downstream effects of the regulated glycoproteins. Besides, we identified novel surface glycoproteins participating in the immune response such as APMAP, and site-specific changes of glycoproteins. This study provides unprecedented information to deepen our understanding of glycoproteins and cellular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suttipong Suttapitugsakul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | - Ming Tong
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
| | - Ronghu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
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Suttapitugsakul S, Tong M, Wu R. Time-Resolved and Comprehensive Analysis of Surface Glycoproteins Reveals Distinct Responses of Monocytes and Macrophages to Bacterial Infection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11494-11503. [PMID: 33684247 PMCID: PMC8549569 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycoproteins on the surface of immune cells play extremely important roles in response to pathogens. Yet, a systematic and time-resolved investigation of surface glycoproteins during the immune response remains to be explored. Integrating selective enrichment of surface glycoproteins with multiplexed proteomics, we globally and site-specifically quantified the dynamics of surface glycoproteins on THP-1 monocytes and macrophages in response to bacterial infection and during the monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. The time-resolved analysis reveals transient changes and differential remodeling of surface glycoproteins on both cell types, and potential upstream regulators and downstream effects of the regulated glycoproteins. Besides, we identified novel surface glycoproteins participating in the immune response such as APMAP, and site-specific changes of glycoproteins. This study provides unprecedented information to deepen our understanding of glycoproteins and cellular activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suttipong Suttapitugsakul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and the Petit Institute for
Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332
(USA)
| | - Ming Tong
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and the Petit Institute for
Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332
(USA)
| | - Ronghu Wu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and the Petit Institute for
Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 30332
(USA)
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de la Fuente J. Translational biotechnology for the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 12:101738. [PMID: 34023540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ticks and tick-borne diseases (TBD) represent a challenge for human and animal health worldwide. Climate change, distribution of tick hosts, and ecological and anthropogenically-induced changes contribute to the geographic expansion of ticks and tick-borne pathogens. Traditional control methods are based on the use of acaricides to reduce tick infestations, but vaccines represent a more effective, sustainable and environmentally sound approach for the control of ticks and TBD. Recent application of omics technologies to the study of the mechanisms involved in tick-host-pathogen interactions have advanced the characterization of molecular mechanisms involved in TBD and the identification of candidate vaccine protective antigens. However, as discussed in this opinion paper, translational biotechnology may translate into novel interventions required to advance in addressing the challenge that ticks and TBD represent for world health and economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José de la Fuente
- SaBio. Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA..
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Büll C, Nason R, Sun L, Van Coillie J, Madriz Sørensen D, Moons SJ, Yang Z, Arbitman S, Fernandes SM, Furukawa S, McBride R, Nycholat CM, Adema GJ, Paulson JC, Schnaar RL, Boltje TJ, Clausen H, Narimatsu Y. Probing the binding specificities of human Siglecs by cell-based glycan arrays. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2026102118. [PMID: 33893239 PMCID: PMC8092401 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026102118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Siglecs are a family of sialic acid-binding receptors expressed by cells of the immune system and a few other cell types capable of modulating immune cell functions upon recognition of sialoglycan ligands. While human Siglecs primarily bind to sialic acid residues on diverse types of glycoproteins and glycolipids that constitute the sialome, their fine binding specificities for elaborated complex glycan structures and the contribution of the glycoconjugate and protein context for recognition of sialoglycans at the cell surface are not fully elucidated. Here, we generated a library of isogenic human HEK293 cells with combinatorial loss/gain of individual sialyltransferase genes and the introduction of sulfotransferases for display of the human sialome and to dissect Siglec interactions in the natural context of glycoconjugates at the cell surface. We found that Siglec-4/7/15 all have distinct binding preferences for sialylated GalNAc-type O-glycans but exhibit selectivity for patterns of O-glycans as presented on distinct protein sequences. We discovered that the sulfotransferase CHST1 drives sialoglycan binding of Siglec-3/8/7/15 and that sulfation can impact the preferences for binding to O-glycan patterns. In particular, the branched Neu5Acα2-3(6-O-sulfo)Galβ1-4GlcNAc (6'-Su-SLacNAc) epitope was discovered as the binding epitope for Siglec-3 (CD33) implicated in late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The cell-based display of the human sialome provides a versatile discovery platform that enables dissection of the genetic and biosynthetic basis for the Siglec glycan interactome and other sialic acid-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Büll
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Nason
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lingbo Sun
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie Van Coillie
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Madriz Sørensen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sam J Moons
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhang Yang
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steven Arbitman
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Steve M Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Sanae Furukawa
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ryan McBride
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Corwin M Nycholat
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Gosse J Adema
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - James C Paulson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Ronald L Schnaar
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Yoshiki Narimatsu
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- GlycoDisplay ApS, Copenhagen, 2100 N, Denmark
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