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Sujang GB, Ramaiya SD, Lee SY, Zakaria MH. Characterization of indigenous Durio species from Sarawak, Borneo: relationships between chemical composition and sensory attributes. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17688. [PMID: 39135954 PMCID: PMC11318588 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarawak, Borneo, harbours 16 unique Durio species, half of which are edible, with only Durio zibethinus widely cultivated. Despite their nutritional and economic significance to the rural communities in Sarawak, the lesser-known indigenous durians remain underrepresented in the scientific literature while facing the risk of extinction in the wild. Thus, the aim of this study was to conduct comprehensive chemical analyses of these wild edible durians, offering insights into their nutritional and sensory taste attributes. The edible part was separated at optimal ripeness, and the samples were subjected to further analysis. Wild edible durian genotypes exhibit varied characteristics, even within the same species. The majority of wild durians are characterized by a sugar composition consisting predominantly of sucrose, constituting 67.38-96.96%, except for the red-fleshed Durio graveolens renowned for its low total sugar content (0.49 ± 0.17 g per 100 g). Despite its bland taste, this species possessed significantly greater fat (14.50 ± 0.16%) and fibre (12.30 ± 0.14%) content. Durio dulcis exhibited a significantly greater carbohydrate content (29.37-30.60%), and its intense smell was attributed to its low protein content (2.03-2.04%). Indigenous durians offer substantial percentages of daily mineral intake, with 100 g servings providing approximately 15.71-26.80% of potassium, 71.72-86.52% of phosphorus, 9.33-27.31% of magnesium, and sufficient trace minerals. The vibrant flesh colours of yellow-, orange- and red-fleshed Durio graveolens and Durio kutejensis show high levels of ascorbic acid (31.41-61.56 mg 100 g-1), carotenoids (976.36-2627.18 µg 100 g-1) and antioxidant properties, while Durio dulcis and Durio oxleyanus, despite their dull flesh, contained high phenolic (67.95-74.77 mg GAE 100 g-1) and flavonoid (8.71-13.81 QE mg 100 g-1) levels. These endeavours provide a deeper understanding of the nutritional richness of wild edible durians, thereby supporting commercialization and conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerevieve Bangi Sujang
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Shiamala Devi Ramaiya
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Shiou Yih Lee
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Muta Harah Zakaria
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Umehara T, Mimori M, Kokubu T, Ozawa M, Shiraishi T, Sato T, Onda A, Matsuno H, Omoto S, Murakami H, Oka H, Iguchi Y. Serum phosphorus levels associated with nigrostriatal dopaminergic deficits in drug-naïve Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 2024; 464:123165. [PMID: 39116487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.123165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A major component of Lewy bodies is phosphorylated α-synuclein. This post-translational modification of α-synuclein, phosphorylation, may consume a great amount of serum phosphorus. We aimed to investigate serum phosphorus levels and their associations with clinical phenotype and the degeneration of cardiac sympathetic and nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined serum phosphorus levels in 127 participants (drug-naïve PD, 97; age- and sex-matched controls, 30). Associations of serum phosphorus levels with clinical features, heart-to-mediastinum (H/M) ratio on cardiac 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy and striatal specific binding ratio of 123I-2-carbomethoxy-3-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl) nortropane (123I-FP-CIT) were examined. RESULTS Serum phosphorus levels were 3.4 ± 0.5 mg/dL in patients with PD and were not different from those in controls after controlling for age and sex (p = 0.850). Serum phosphorus levels were significantly lower in patients with PD and decreased H/M ratio than in those with PD and normal H/M ratio (3.3 ± 0.4 mg/dL vs. 3.6 ± 0.5 mg/dL, p = 0.003). Lower serum phosphorus levels were significantly associated with more severe degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in patients with PD and decreased H/M ratio. However, this association was not observed in patients with PD and normal H/M ratio. CONCLUSIONS Serum phosphorus levels and their association with nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration are different between patients with decreased H/M ratio and those with normal H/M ratio. Serum phosphorus levels may reflect the degree of nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration in patients with decreased H/M ratio, namely, Body-First PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Umehara
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Mimori
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kokubu
- Department of Neurology, Katsushika Medical Center, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Ozawa
- Department of Neurology, Daisan Hospital, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Shiraishi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Sato
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Onda
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Matsuno
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shusaku Omoto
- Department of Neurology, Katsushika Medical Center, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Murakami
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Showa University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Oka
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Li L, Cheng S, Xu G. Application of neural network and nomogram for the prediction of risk factors for bone mineral density abnormalities: A cross-sectional NHANES-based survey. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20677. [PMID: 37829807 PMCID: PMC10565773 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The risk of bone mineral density abnormalities is inconsistent between eastern and western regions owing to differences in ethnicity and dietary habits. A diet comprising carbohydrates and dietary fiber is not the common daily diet of the American population. Thus far, no studies have assessed the risk of bone mineral density abnormalities in the American population, and no predictive model has considered the intake of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and coffee, as well as levels of various electrolytes for assessing bone mineral density abnormalities, especially in the elderly. This study conducted a neural network analysis and established a predictive nomogram considering an unusual diet to determine risk factors for bone mineral density abnormalities in the American population, mainly to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of related bone mineral density abnormalities. Methods Overall, 9871 patients who had complete data were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database during 2017-2020 as the research object, and patients' general clinical characteristics were compared. Neural networks and nomograms were analyzed to screen for and quantify risk factors for bone mineral density abnormalities. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and community indifference curve (CIC) were constructed to comprehensively verify the accuracy, differential ability, and clinical practicability of the neural network and nomogram. Results The important risk factors for bone mineral density abnormalities were caffeine intake, carbohydrate consumption, body mass index (BMI), height, blood sodium, blood calcium, blood phosphorus, blood potassium, dietary fiber, vitamin D, participant age, weight, race, family history, and sex. The nomogram revealed that caffeine intake, carbohydrate consumption, blood potassium, and age were positively correlated with bone mineral density abnormalities, whereas BMI, height, blood phosphate, dietary fiber, and blood sodium were negatively correlated with bone mineral density abnormalities. Women were more prone to these abnormalities than men. The area under the ROC curve values of the neural network and nomogram were 85.8 % and 77.7 %, respectively. The Youden index was 58.04 % and 41.87 %, respectively. The detection sensitivity was 75.73 % and 65.06 %, respectively, and the specificity was 82.31 % and 76.81 %, respectively. Calibration curves of the neural network and nomogram showed better discrimination ability from the standard curve (P > 0.05). DCA and CIC analyses showed that the application of the neural network and nomogram to explore risk factors for bone mineral density abnormalities had certain clinical practicability, and the overall predictive effect of the model was good. Conclusion The outcomes of the neural network and nomogram analyses suggested that diet structure and electrolyte changes are important significant risk factors for bone mineral density abnormalities, especially with increasing carbohydrate and caffeine intake and decreasing dietary fiber intake. The established model can also provide a reference for future risk prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- LuWei Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - SiShuai Cheng
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, The 924th Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - GuoQuan Xu
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Qinzhou, Qinzhou, Guangxi, China
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Gsoellpointner M, Eibensteiner F, Thanhaeuser M, Ristl R, Jilma B, Berger A, Haiden N. Effects of early introduction of solid foods on nutrient intake in preterm infants during their 1st year of life: a secondary outcome analysis of a prospective, randomized intervention study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1124544. [PMID: 37275631 PMCID: PMC10232899 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1124544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants have higher nutritional needs even after hospital discharge. However, data concerning current nutrient intakes at different time points after the introduction of solid foods and whether dietary reference values are being met are scarce. To adress this issue, this secondary analysis of a prospective, two-arm interventional study in 177 VLBW infants 21 investigates dietary intake comparing early and late (early: 10-12 weeks corrected for gestational age, late: 16-18 weeks corrected for gestational age) introduction of standardized complementary food during the first year of life. Nutritional intake was assessed using self-reported monthly 3-day dietary records from 3 until 12 months, corrected for gestational age. The time point of the introduction of solid foods did not influence nutrient intake, but the early introduction of solids tended toward a higher proportional intake of protein and carbohydrates and a lower intake of fat as a percentage of total energy) during the 1st year of life, corrected for gestational age. The results of this study indicate that this standardized feeding concept was sufficient for zinc, calcium, and phosphorus intake. However, dietary iron and vitamin D intakes did not meet the recommendations. Thus, prolonged iron supplementation should be considered beyond the introduction of meat and vitamin D supplementation at least until 12 months, corrected for gestational age. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01809548.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabian Eibensteiner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margarita Thanhaeuser
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robin Ristl
- Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Jilma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Berger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nadja Haiden
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Wang Z, Ma R, Jia Z, Lin P, Zhao Z, Wang W, Yi S, Li X, Li J. Investigating on the influence mechanism of sausage of sea bass on calcium absorption and transport based on Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1046945. [PMID: 36330132 PMCID: PMC9623112 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1046945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A monolayer Caco-2 cell model was established to explore the effects of sea bass sausage digestive juice containing phosphate on calcium ion transport. Differential proteins of Caco-2 cells treated with fish sausage juice were detected and analyzed by gene ontology (GO) functional annotation and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Results revealed that after treatment with 0.23 mg/mL digestive juice of perch sausage in vitro, Caco-2 cell viability was the highest at 72 h (99.84%). Additionally, 0.23 mg/mL digestive juice of perch sausage in vitro significantly increased calcium ion transport. The transfer volume was 1.396 μg/well. Fish sausages containing phosphate significantly affected the protein expression levels of Caco-2 cells. Two hundred one differential proteins were detected, including 114 up-regulated and 87 down-regulated proteins. The main differential proteins included P02795, Q9P0W0, Q96PU5, Q9GZT9 and Q5EBL8. The adjustment ratios of the fish sausage group were 0.7485, 1.373, 1.2535, 0.6775, and 0.809, respectively. The pathway analysis showed that phosphate affected calcium ion absorption and transport through the P02795 enrichment pathway. The fish sausage group showed that the immune-related functions of cells were affected. This study expounds the effects of water-retaining agents on the nutritional quality of aquatic products and provides theoretical support for the research and application of surimi products.
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Hu Y, van Baal J, Hendriks WH, Resink JW, Liesegang A, van Krimpen MM, Bikker P. High dietary Ca and microbial phytase reduce expression of Ca transporters while enhancing claudins involved in paracellular Ca absorption in the porcine jejunum and colon. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-23. [PMID: 35912696 PMCID: PMC10011584 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Expression levels of genes (RT-qPCR) related to Ca and P homeostasis (transporters and claudins (CLDN)) were determined in porcine jejunal and colonic mucosa. Forty growing pigs (BW 30.4±1.3 kg) received a low and high Ca content (2.0 and 9.6 g/kg, respectively) diet with or without microbial phytase (500 FTU/kg) for 21 days. Dietary Ca intake enhanced serum Ca and alkaline phosphatase concentration and reduced P, 1,25(OH)2D3, and parathyroid hormone concentration. Jejunal TRPV5 mRNA expression was decreased (32%) with phytase inclusion only, while colonic transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5) mRNA was reduced by dietary Ca (34%) and phytase (44%). Both jejunal and colonic TRPV6 mRNA expression was reduced (30%) with microbial phytase. Calbindin-D9k mRNA expression was lower in colonic but not jejunal mucosa with high dietary Ca (59%) and microbial phytase (37%). None of the mRNAs encoding the Na-P cotransporters (NaPi-IIc, PiT-1, PiT-2) were affected. Jejunal, but not colonic expression of the phosphate transporter XPR1, was slightly downregulated with dietary Ca. Dietary Ca downregulated colonic CLDN-4 (20%) and -10 (40%) expression while CLDN-7 was reduced by phytase inclusion in pigs fed low dietary Ca. Expression of colonic CLDN-12 tended to be increased by phytase. In jejunal mucosa, dietary Ca increased CLDN-2 expression (48%) and decreased CLDN-10 (49%) expression, while phytase slightly upregulated CLDN-12 expression. In conclusion, compared to a Ca deficient phytase-free diet, high dietary Ca and phytase intake in pigs downregulate jejunal and colonic genes related to transcellular Ca absorption and upregulate Ca pore-forming claudins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Hu
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen, 6700, the Netherlands
- Wageningen University and Research, Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jurgen van Baal
- Wageningen University and Research, Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter H. Hendriks
- Wageningen University and Research, Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Annette Liesegang
- University of Zurich, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Vetsuisse Faculty, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marinus M. van Krimpen
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen, 6700, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Bikker
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen, 6700, the Netherlands
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Jin X, Li Y, Li J, Cheng L, Yao Y, Shen H, Wang B, Ren J, Ying H, Xu J. Acute bone damage through liver-bone axis induced by thioacetamide in rats. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:29. [PMID: 35526079 PMCID: PMC9080193 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00568-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thioacetamide (TAA) is used in various fields, such as synthetic drugs, organic chemical synthesis, and materials chemistry. TAA is mainly used to establish animal liver injury models and other organ damage models to explore their mechanisms for helping patients with liver disease. Liver damage can lead to abnormal expression of some enzymes in the serum, so we detected the appropriate enzyme levels in the serum of SD rats to verify the damage of TAA to the liver. More importantly, TAA caused bone damage is barely understood. Therefore, our research aims to establish a rat model reflecting the acute bone damage injury caused by TAA. Methods The SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline (0.9%) or TAA (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg) for 1 month (once the other day). After the last intraperitoneal injection, serum samples from rats were used for biochemical tests. Masson staining is used to detect liver damage, and micro-CT is used to detect the changes in bone. Moreover, the three-point bending experiment was used to detect the force range of the hind limbs of SD rats. Results Compared with the control group, after the intraperitoneal injection of TAA, the levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid (UA), total bile acid (TBA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), carbamide (UREA) and creatinine (CREA) rose sharply, while the levels of serum content of total protein (TP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were severely reduced. After TAA administration, collagen fibers were deposited and liver fibrosis was obvious. Micro-CT results showed that the bone surface, tissue surface, bone volume, and tissue volume of rats with an intraperitoneal injection of TAA were significantly reduced. In addition, the bones of rats with an intraperitoneal injection of TAA can resist less pressure and are prone to fractures. Conclusions TAA can cause liver damage in SD rats, which is explained by the changes in serum biochemical indicators and the deposition of liver collagen. More importantly, TAA can reduce bone mineral density and increase the separation of bone trabeculae in SD rats, and finally lead to bone injury. This suggests that TAA may become an ideal model to investigate abnormal bone metabolism after liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Jin
- School of medical technology and information engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yang Li
- FUDAN University, school of basic medical sciences, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Department of The Third Orthopaedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine Xinjiang Shihezi, Shihezi, 832008, China
| | - Linyan Cheng
- School of medical technology and information engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yetao Yao
- School of medical technology and information engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hao Shen
- School of medical technology and information engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Bili Wang
- School of medical technology and information engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jun Ren
- School of medical technology and information engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hang Ying
- School of medical technology and information engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jian Xu
- School of medical technology and information engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Rondanelli M, Faliva MA, Barrile GC, Cavioni A, Mansueto F, Mazzola G, Oberto L, Patelli Z, Pirola M, Tartara A, Riva A, Petrangolini G, Peroni G. Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Dietary Supplementation to Prevent Bone Mineral Density Loss: A Food Pyramid. Nutrients 2021; 14:74. [PMID: 35010952 PMCID: PMC8746518 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a nutritionally modulated tissue. Given this background, aim of this review is to evaluate the latest data regarding ideal dietary approach in order to reduce bone mineral density loss and to construct a food pyramid that allows osteopenia/osteoporosis patients to easily figure out what to eat. The pyramid shows that carbohydrates should be consumed every day (3 portions of whole grains), together with fruits and vegetables (5 portions; orange-colored fruits and vegetables and green leafy vegetables are to be preferred), light yogurt (125 mL), skim milk (200 mL,) extra virgin olive oil (almost 20 mg/day), and calcium water (almost 1 l/day); weekly portions should include fish (4 portions), white meat (3 portions), legumes (2 portions), eggs (2 portions), cheeses (2 portions), and red or processed meats (once/week). At the top of the pyramid, there are two pennants: one green means that osteopenia/osteoporosis subjects need some personalized supplementation (if daily requirements cannot be satisfied through diet, calcium, vitamin D, boron, omega 3, and isoflavones supplementation could be an effective strategy with a great benefit/cost ratio), and one red means that there are some foods that are banned (salt, sugar, inorganic phosphate additives). Finally, three to four times per week of 30-40 min of aerobic and resistance exercises must be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Gaetan Claude Barrile
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Alessandro Cavioni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Francesca Mansueto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Mazzola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Letizia Oberto
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Zaira Patelli
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Martina Pirola
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Alice Tartara
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Antonella Riva
- Research and Development Department, Indena SpA, 20139 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (G.C.B.); (A.C.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (L.O.); (Z.P.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
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Oh H, Kim J, Huh Y, Kim SH, Jang SI. Association of Household Income Level with Vitamin and Mineral Intake. Nutrients 2021; 14:38. [PMID: 35010913 PMCID: PMC8746700 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate nutrient intake is essential for maintaining health and resisting disease. The current study investigated the association between household income quintile and nutrient intake using data from KNHANES 2019. A total of 5088 South Korean adults were analyzed. The estimated average requirement cut-point method, extended to handle participants with intakes higher than the tolerable upper level, was utilized to determine the need for dietary modification. The suitability of overall vitamin, overall mineral, and individual nutrient intake was evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed on overall mineral intake suitability. None of the individual nutrients had an intake ratio of over 70%, with the ratio being under 30% for some nutrients. The intake of iron, phosphorus, vitamin B9, and vitamin C had a significant upward trend as household income rose. A subgroup analysis revealed sex differences in the trends of overall mineral intake. The results revealed that some nutrients are not consumed appropriately in the Korean population. Furthermore, they suggest that household income is significantly associated with the intake of overall minerals and several individual nutrients. These results suggest that nutritional assistance is required for certain vulnerable groups, and provide supplementary data for appropriate interventions or further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haegyu Oh
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Juyeon Kim
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Yune Huh
- Premedical Courses, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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10
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Calvo MS, Uribarri J. Perspective: Plant-based Whole-Grain Foods for Chronic Kidney Disease: The Phytate-Phosphorus Conundrum. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:2056-2067. [PMID: 34192744 PMCID: PMC8634414 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Restriction of dietary phosphorus intake is an important component of good clinical practice in kidney failure patients, particularly after dialysis initiation. Greater consumption of predominantly plant-based diets, including phytate-rich foods, is increasingly recommended for health maintenance/disease prevention in this population, with the implicit assumption that phytate-phosphorus in whole-grain cereals, legumes, pulses, and nuts is poorly absorbed. Review of human interventions with diets high in phytate-phosphorus indeed suggests an absorption of at least 50%, still less than animal protein-bound phosphorus, but higher than the generally believed 10-30%. Factors largely ignored up to now, but of potential influence on phytate-phosphorus bioavailability, include effect of food processing in releasing phosphorus, action of colonic bacteria that are able to release inorganic phosphorus, and capacity of the colon to absorb phosphorus. These issues may become increasingly important as new plant-based alternatives to meats, all containing phytate, are being rapidly introduced in the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S Calvo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jaime Uribarri
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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11
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Zhang J, Lin Y, Wei X, Li Z, Li R. Study of the Unique Characteristics of Multi-Elements of the Wild Astragali Radix from Shanxi Province by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:603-611. [PMID: 34747478 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragali Radix (AR) is widely used because of its dual use in medicine and food. Wild Astragali Radix from Hunyuan county of Shanxi Province in China is accepted as a geo-authentic medicine with high quality and good medicinal effects. Multi-elements of Astragali Radix partially reflect its efficacy and safety. However, there is no systemic research about the elemental analysis of geo-authentic Astragali Radix until now. OBJECTIVE In this paper, multi-elemental profiling of Astragali Radix from Gansu, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces in China was implemented. METHODS A microwave digestion coupled with ICP-MS, principle component analysis and partial-least square-discriminate analysis were used for the analysis of unique elemental accumulation ability of Shanxi wild-type. RESULTS For 53 stably detected elements, the contents of most elements (Ba, Cs, Ga, La, Pr and so on) were significantly higher while some others (Cd, Cu, P, W and Zn) were significantly lower in wild Astragali Radix from Shanxi than those of the samples from Gansu, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi provinces and the cultivated samples from Shanxi. After binary logistic regression, combinational variable Ba-P was found to be a good marker to identify wild Astragali Radix of Shanxi Province from the samples with other origins, and the total positive prediction probability of the test samples from both market and their original field could reach 93.8% through external validation using the model. CONCLUSIONS Multi-elemental analysis coupled with PCA, PLS-DA, nonparametric analysis and binary logistic regression can be a good tool for the identification of wild Astragali Radix from Shanxi Province. HIGHLIGHTS An ICP-MS method was developed and validated for multi-elements. Fifty-three elements in Astragali Radix from differential origins were compared. The wild Astragali Radix from Shanxi had unique elemental characteristics. Combinational variable Ba-P is a good marker to identify wild-type from Shanxi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006 People's Republic of China
| | - Youming Lin
- School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 Chang'an South Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710062 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehong Wei
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006 People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006 People's Republic of China
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12
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Evaluation of Nutritional Composition of Pure Filamentous Fungal Biomass as a Novel Ingredient for Fish Feed. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7030152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of aquaculture and the lack of fish meal demand new sustainable ingredients. Although fungal biomass is found to be a promising sustainable fish feed supplementation candidate, the characteristics of this protein-rich source are closely influenced by the quality of the applied growth medium. In this work, the nutritional properties of pure filamentous fungal biomass provided from the cultivation of Aspergillus oryzae, Neurospora intermedia and Rhzopus oryzae were evaluated to assess their potential as alternative novel protein sources in fish feed. In this regard, fungal biomass yields of up to 0.19 ± 0.005 (g dry biomass/g substrate glucose) were obtained during submerged cultivation of fungal strains. The pure fungal biomass acquired could contain significant amounts of protein up to 62.2 ± 1.2% (w/w). The obtained protein had a high quality with notable inclusion of essential amino acids such as lysine, arginine, methionine and threonine with comparable concentrations to those of fish meal. Fungal biomass is mainly considered as protein source, however, entitlement of 6.9 ± 0.5, 4.0 ± 0.7 and 17.2 ± 1.1% (w/w) of lipids and ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to saturated fatty acids (SFA) of 1.37:1, 1.74:1 and 1.47:1 in A. oryzae, N. intermedia and R. oryzae, respectively, signal health benefits for the fish. Considering the results, protein-rich pure fungal biomass with amino acid composition is greatly compatible with fish meal, and contains essential nutrients such as fatty acids and minerals. This pure biomass constitutes a promising sustainable alternative supplement to be introduced in fish feed industry.
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13
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Donkey milk and fermented donkey milk: are there differences in the nutritional value and physicochemical characteristics? Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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14
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Bird RP, Eskin NAM. The emerging role of phosphorus in human health. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 96:27-88. [PMID: 34112356 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus, an essential nutrient, performs vital functions in skeletal and non-skeletal tissues and is pivotal for energy production. The last two decades of research on the physiological importance of phosphorus have provided several novel insights about its dynamic nature as a nutrient performing functions as a phosphate ion. Phosphorous also acts as a signaling molecule and induces complex physiological responses. It is recognized that phosphorus homeostasis is critical for health. The intake of phosphorus by the general population world-wide is almost double the amount required to maintain health. This increase is attributed to the incorporation of phosphate containing food additives in processed foods purchased by consumers. Research findings assessed the impact of excessive phosphorus intake on cells' and organs' responses, and highlighted the potential pathogenic consequences. Research also identified a new class of bioactive phosphates composed of polymers of phosphate molecules varying in chain length. These polymers are involved in metabolic responses including hemostasis, brain and bone health, via complex mechanism(s) with positive or negative health effects, depending on their chain length. It is amazing, that phosphorus, a simple element, is capable of exerting multiple and powerful effects. The role of phosphorus and its polymers in the renal and cardiovascular system as well as on brain health appear to be important and promising future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjana P Bird
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada.
| | - N A Michael Eskin
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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15
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Abbasian N, Goodall AH, Burton JO, Bursnall D, Bevington A, Brunskill NJ. Hyperphosphatemia Drives Procoagulant Microvesicle Generation in the Rat Partial Nephrectomy Model of CKD. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113534. [PMID: 33139598 PMCID: PMC7692968 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphatemia has been proposed as a cardiovascular risk factor, contributing to long-term vascular calcification in hyperphosphatemic Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients. However, more recent studies have also demonstrated acute effects of inorganic phosphate (Pi) on endothelial cells in vitro, especially generation of pro-coagulant endothelial microvesicles (MV). Hitherto, such direct effects of hyperphosphatemia have not been reported in vivo. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three experimental groups: (1) CKD induced by partial nephrectomy receiving high (1.2%) dietary phosphorus; (2) CKD receiving low (0.2%) dietary phosphorus; and (3) sham-operated controls receiving 1.2% phosphorus. After 14 days the animals were sacrificed and plasma MVs counted by nanoparticle tracking analysis. MVs isolated by centrifugation were assayed for pro-coagulant activity by calibrated automated thrombography, and relative content of endothelium-derived MVs was assessed by anti-CD144 immunoblotting. When compared with sham controls, high phosphorus CKD rats were shown to be hyperphosphatemic (4.11 ± 0.23 versus 2.41 ± 0.22 mM Pi, p < 0.0001) with elevated total plasma MVs (2.24 ± 0.37 versus 1.31 ± 0.24 × 108 per ml, p < 0.01), showing increased CD144 expression (145 ± 25% of control value, p < 0.0001), and enhanced procoagulant activity (18.06 ± 1.75 versus 4.99 ± 1.77 nM peak thrombin, p < 0.0001). These effects were abolished in the low phosphorus CKD group. In this rat model, hyperphosphatemia (or a Pi-dependent hormonal response derived from it) is sufficient to induce a marked increase in circulating pro-coagulant MVs, demonstrating an important link between hyperphosphatemia and thrombotic risk in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Abbasian
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44(0)122-384-0020
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
| | - James O. Burton
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
- Department of Nephrology, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Debbie Bursnall
- Division of Biomedical Services, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
| | - Alan Bevington
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
| | - Nigel J. Brunskill
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
- Department of Nephrology, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
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16
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Serna J, Bergwitz C. Importance of Dietary Phosphorus for Bone Metabolism and Healthy Aging. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3001. [PMID: 33007883 PMCID: PMC7599912 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) plays a critical function in many tissues of the body: for example, as part of the hydroxyapatite in the skeleton and as a substrate for ATP synthesis. Pi is the main source of dietary phosphorus. Reduced bioavailability of Pi or excessive losses in the urine causes rickets and osteomalacia. While critical for health in normal amounts, dietary phosphorus is plentiful in the Western diet and is often added to foods as a preservative. This abundance of phosphorus may reduce longevity due to metabolic changes and tissue calcifications. In this review, we examine how dietary phosphorus is absorbed in the gut, current knowledge about Pi sensing, and endocrine regulation of Pi levels. Moreover, we also examine the roles of Pi in different tissues, the consequences of low and high dietary phosphorus in these tissues, and the implications for healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Serna
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA;
| | - Clemens Bergwitz
- Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
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17
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Hernández-Becerra E, Jímenez-Mendoza D, Mutis-Gonzalez N, Pineda-Gomez P, Rojas-Molina I, Rodríguez-García ME. Calcium Deficiency in Diet Decreases the Magnesium Content in Bone and Affects Femur Physicochemical Properties in Growing Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:224-232. [PMID: 31919787 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the effect of three calcium levels in the diet (normal, moderate, and severe calcium depletion) on bone metabolism of male Wistar rats during their growth period. Bone mineral density (BMD) and femur length were determined in vivo during the growth stage using a single X-ray transmission system. The apparent calcium absorption was calculated in the rat adolescent and adulthood stages. At the end of the experiment, calcium concentrations in serum and urine were analyzed. The bones were evaluated postmortem to corroborate in vivo analyses. Microstructural properties of cortical and trabecular tissues of femurs bones were assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Bone mineral contents (Mg, Ca, P, and K) were quantified by inductively coupled plasma. Severe calcium depletion in the diets in the development stage affects the bone quality parameters such as bone mineral density and mineral content. Moreover, it was found thinner cortical and trabecular bone areas. Additionally, it was found that severe calcium depletion increased the apparent absorption of calcium as a defense mechanism, but with the decrease of the BMD peak, and the thickness of cortical bone as well as trabecular bone porosity. The severe calcium depletion increased the efficiency of apparent absorption calcium as a defense mechanism, but, even so, decreases the BMD peak as well as the thickness of cortical bone and trabecular bone porosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel Hernández-Becerra
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México.
- Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México.
| | - Daniel Jímenez-Mendoza
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Centro, 37150, Guanajuato, México
| | - Nathalia Mutis-Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Magnetismo y Materiales Avanzados, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales, 170002, Colombia
| | - Posidia Pineda-Gomez
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, 170002, Colombia
| | - Isela Rojas-Molina
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, 76010, Querétaro, Qro, Mexico
| | - Mario E Rodríguez-García
- Departamento de Nanotecnología, Centro de Física Aplica y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México campus Juriquilla, 76230, Querétaro, México
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18
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Tiwari M, Barooah MS, Bordoloi PL. Quality Characterization of Wafers Enriched with Fish Powder Developed from Small Bony Fish. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2020.1801929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Tiwari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Mridula Saikia Barooah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
| | - Premila L. Bordoloi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Community Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam, India
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19
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Comparative Metabolomics Profiling of Polyphenols, Nutrients and Antioxidant Activities of Two Red Onion ( Allium cepa L.) Cultivars. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091077. [PMID: 32825622 PMCID: PMC7569911 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Onion is among the most widely cultivated and consumed economic crops. Onions are an excellent dietary source of polyphenols and nutrients. However, onions phytonutrient compositions vary with cultivars and growing locations. Therefore, the present study involved the evaluation of polyphenol, nutritional composition (proteins, nitrogen, and minerals), sugars, pyruvate, antioxidant, and α-amylase inhibition activities of red onion cultivars, sweet Italian, and honeysuckle grown in California and Texas, respectively. The total flavonoid for honeysuckle and sweet Italian was 449 and 345 μg/g FW, respectively. The total anthocyanin for honeysuckle onion was 103 μg/g FW, while for sweet Italian onion was 86 μg/g FW. Cyanidin-3-(6”-malonoylglucoside) and cyanidin-3-(6”-malonoyl-laminaribioside) were the major components in both the cultivars. The pungency of red onions in honeysuckle ranged between 4.9 and 7.9 μmoL/mL, whereas in sweet Italian onion ranged from 8.3 to 10 μmoL/mL. The principal component analysis was applied to determine the most important variables that separate the cultivars of red onion. Overall results indicated that total flavonoids, total phenolic content, total anthocyanins, protein, and calories for honeysuckle onions were higher than the sweet Italian onions. These results could provide information about high quality and adding value to functional food due to the phytochemicals and nutritional composition of red onions.
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20
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Narasaki Y, Yamasaki M, Matsuura S, Morinishi M, Nakagawa T, Matsuno M, Katsumoto M, Nii S, Fushitani Y, Sugihara K, Noda T, Yoneda T, Masuda M, Yamanaka-Okumura H, Takeda E, Sakaue H, Yamamoto H, Taketani Y. Phosphatemic Index Is a Novel Evaluation Tool for Dietary Phosphorus Load: A Whole-Foods Approach. J Ren Nutr 2020; 30:493-502. [PMID: 32778471 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dietary phosphorus (P) restriction is crucial to treat hyperphosphatemia and reduce cardiovascular disease risk and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the wider population. Various methods for dietary P restriction exist, but the bioavailability of P in food should also be considered when making appropriate food choices to maintain patients' quality of life. Here, we propose the "Phosphatemic Index" (PI) as a novel tool for evaluating dietary P load based on P bioavailability; we also evaluated the effect of continuous intake of different PI foods in mixed meals on serum intact fibroblast growth factor 23 concentration. DESIGN AND METHODS A 2-stage crossover study was conducted: Study 1: 20 healthy participants consumed 10 different foods containing 200 mg of P, and the PI was calculated from the area under the curve of a time versus serum P concentration curve; Study 2: 10 healthy participants consumed 4 different test meals (low, medium, or high PI meals or a control) over a 5-day period. RESULTS Study 1 showed milk and dairy products had high PI values, pork and ham had medium PI values, and soy and tofu had low PI values. In Study 2, ingestion of high PI test meals showed higher fasting serum intact fibroblast growth factor 23 levels and lower serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels compared with ingestion of low PI test meals. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the PI can usefully evaluate the dietary P load of various foods and may help to make appropriate food choices for dietary P restriction in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Narasaki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiyo Yamasaki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sayaka Matsuura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mayumi Morinishi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Mami Matsuno
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Misaki Katsumoto
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sachi Nii
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yuka Fushitani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kohei Sugihara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Noda
- Saga Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yoshinogari, Saga, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yoneda
- Saga Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yoshinogari, Saga, Japan
| | - Masashi Masuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Eiji Takeda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sakaue
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Taketani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Tokushima University Graduate School of Nutrition and Biosciences, Tokushima, Japan.
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21
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Melse-Boonstra A. Bioavailability of Micronutrients From Nutrient-Dense Whole Foods: Zooming in on Dairy, Vegetables, and Fruits. Front Nutr 2020; 7:101. [PMID: 32793622 PMCID: PMC7393990 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to fully exploit the nutrient density concept, thorough understanding of the biological activity of single nutrients in their interaction with other nutrients and food components from whole foods is important. This review provides a narrative overview of recent insights into nutrient bioavailability from complex foods in humans, highlighting synergistic and antagonistic processes among food components for two different food groups, i.e., dairy, and vegetables and fruits. For dairy, bioavailability of vitamins A, B2, B12 and K, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, zinc and iodine are discussed, whereas bioavailability of pro-vitamin A, folate, vitamin C and K, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron are discussed for vegetables and fruits. Although the bioavailability of some nutrients is fairly well-understood, for other nutrients the scientific understanding of uptake, absorption, and bioavailability in humans is still at a nascent stage. Understanding the absorption and bioavailability of nutrients from whole foods in interaction with food components that influence these processes will help to come to individual diet scores that better reflect absorbable nutrient intake in epidemiologic studies that relate dietary intake to health outcomes. Moreover, such knowledge may help in the design of foods, meals, and diets that aid in the supply of bioavailable nutrients to specific target groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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22
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Evaluation of Filamentous Fungal Biomass Cultivated on Vinasse as an Alternative Nutrient Source of Fish Feed: Protein, Lipid, and Mineral Composition. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation5040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The rapid growth of aquaculture and scarcity of conventional fish feed supplements has prompted the introduction of new sustainable supplementation sources. In this study, the potential of five strains of fungal biomass of Ascomycetes and Zygomycetes edible filamentous fungi, Aspergillus oryzae, Neurospora intermedia, Rizhopus oryzae, Monascus purpureus, and Fusarium venenatum, cultivated on vinasse, a by-product of the bioethanol industry, as alternative protein sources for fishmeal in the fish diet was evaluated. It was observed that 5% vinasse with an initial pH of 5–6.5 can support fungal biomass yields of 34.3 ± 2.4–118.5 ± 3.9 g DM/L for A. Oryzae, N. intermedia, and R. oryzae. High protein contents of about 44.7%, 57.6%, and 50.9% (w/w), and fat contents of 7.0%, 3.5%, and 5.5% (w/w) were obtained for A. oryzae, N. intermedia, and R. oryzae, respectively. The latter three fungi species contained noticeable amino acid contents, including promising profiles of amino acids that are highly compatible with those of fishmeal. These findings provide evidence that fungal biomasses, with their relatively high protein content, good amino acid profiles, and other essential nutrients, are a promising supplementation alternative that can be produced from low-value by-products and organic-rich waste streams like vinasse to meet the dietary protein requirements in fish feed.
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Ozkuru E, Ates D, Nemli S, Erdogmus S, Karaca N, Yilmaz H, Yagmur B, Kartal C, Tosun M, Ozdestan O, Otles S, Kahriman A, Tanyolac B. Association mapping of loci linked to copper, phosphorus, and potassium concentrations in the seeds of C. arietinum and C. reticulatum. Genomics 2019; 111:1873-1881. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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McClure ST, Rebholz CM, Phillips KM, Champagne CM, Selvin E, Appel LJ. The Percentage of Dietary Phosphorus Excreted in the Urine Varies by Dietary Pattern in a Randomized Feeding Study in Adults. J Nutr 2019; 149:816-823. [PMID: 31034014 PMCID: PMC6499101 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary phosphorus excretion has been proposed as a recovery biomarker of dietary phosphorus intake. However, it is unclear whether phosphorus excretion is constant across a range of dietary and nondietary factors. OBJECTIVE We assessed whether percentage urinary phosphorus excretion is constant across 3 dietary patterns in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial. METHODS DASH is a completed feeding study of 459 prehypertensive and stage 1 hypertensive adults (52% male, 56% black). After a 3-wk run-in on a typical American (control) diet, participants were randomly assigned to the control diet, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables (FV diet), or a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy with reduced saturated fat and cholesterol (DASH diet) for 8 wk. We estimated the percentage phosphorus excretion as urinary phosphorus excretion (from 24 h urine) divided by phosphorus intake (from analyzed food composites). Differences between group means for all 3 diets were compared by ANOVA followed by pairwise comparisons with Tukey's honest significant difference test. RESULTS At the end of the intervention, the mean phosphorus intake was 1176 mg/d (95% CI: 1119, 1233 mg/d), 1408 mg/d (1352, 1464 mg/d), and 2051 mg/d (1994, 2107 mg/d) in the control, FV, and DASH diet, respectively (P < 0.001, all comparisons). The mean phosphorus excretion was 734 mg/d (682, 787 mg/d), 705 mg/d (654, 756 mg/d), and 872 mg/d (820, 923 mg/d) in the control, FV, and DASH diet, respectively (P = 0.74 control vs. FV, P < 0.001 all other comparisons). The mean percentage phosphorus excretion was 63% (60%, 67%), 51% (48%, 54%), and 43% (39%, 46%) in the control, FV, and DASH diet, respectively (P < 0.001, all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS These findings in prehypertensive and stage 1 hypertensive adults strongly suggest that urinary phosphorus excretion should not be used as a recovery biomarker for dietary phosphorus intake, given the wide range of urinary phosphorus excretion across dietary patterns. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT0000054.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T McClure
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
| | - Katherine M Phillips
- Food Analysis Laboratory Control Center, Biochemistry Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA
| | | | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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25
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McClure ST, Rebholz CM, Medabalimi S, Hu EA, Xu Z, Selvin E, Appel LJ. Dietary phosphorus intake and blood pressure in adults: a systematic review of randomized trials and prospective observational studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:1264-1272. [PMID: 31051505 PMCID: PMC6499505 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a major cause of preventable disease in the United States and around the world. It has been postulated that phosphorus intake may affect BP, with some studies suggesting a direct and others an inverse association. OBJECTIVES We systematically reviewed the literature on the association of dietary phosphorus with BP in adults and performed a qualitative synthesis. METHODS We included randomized and nonrandomized behavioral intervention and feeding studies (intervention studies) and prospective observational studies that measured dietary phosphorus intake or urinary phosphorus excretion and BP. We excluded studies of supplements, children, or individuals with major medical conditions. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Trials, and clinicaltrials.gov on 1 June, 2017 and 22 August, 2018. We assessed studies' risk of bias in their assessment of phosphorus exposure and BP. RESULTS We reviewed 4759 publications and included 14 intervention studies (2497 participants), 3 prospective observational cohorts (17,795 participants), and 2 ongoing trials. No included intervention studies were designed specifically to achieve a phosphorus contrast. Two studies found a significant positive association of dietary phosphorus with systolic BP, 4 a significant inverse association, and 8 no significant association. Four studies found a significant inverse association with diastolic BP and 10 no significant associations. Two cohorts found lower risk of incident hypertension comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles of phosphorus intake and 1 found no significant difference: HR: 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.98); HR: 0.83 (95% CI: 0.68, 1.02); and HR: 0.75 (95% CI: 0.45, 1.27), respectively. CONCLUSIONS We found no consistent association between total dietary phosphorus intake and BP in adults in the published literature nor any randomized trials designed to examine this association. This trial was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ as CRD42017062489.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T McClure
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sibyl Medabalimi
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Emily A Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Zhe Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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26
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High dietary phosphorus intake is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the large prospective E3N cohort study. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:1625-1630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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27
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Erem S, Razzaque MS. Dietary phosphate toxicity: an emerging global health concern. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:711-719. [PMID: 30159784 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phosphate is a common ingredient in many healthy foods but, it is also present in foods containing additives and preservatives. When found in foods, phosphate is absorbed in the intestines and filtered from the blood by the kidneys. Generally, any excess is excreted in the urine. In renal pathologies, however, such as chronic kidney disease, a reduced renal ability to excrete phosphate can result in excess accumulation in the body. This accumulation can be a catalyst for widespread damage to the cellular components, bones, and cardiovascular structures. This in turn can reduce mortality. Because of an incomplete understanding of the mechanism for phosphate homeostasis, and the multiple organ systems that can modulate it, treatment strategies designed to minimize phosphate burden are limited. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for phosphorous is around 700 mg/day for adults, but the majority of healthy adult individuals consume far more phosphate (almost double) than the RDA. Studies suggest that low-income populations are particularly at risk for dietary phosphate overload because of the higher amounts of phosphate found in inexpensive, processed foods. Education in nutrition, as well as access to inexpensive healthy food options may reduce risks for excess consumption as well as a wide-range of disorders, ranging from cardiovascular diseases to kidney diseases to tumor formation. Pre-clinical and clinical studies suggest that dietary phosphate overload has toxic and prolonged adverse health effects. Improved regulations for reporting of phosphate concentrations on food labels are necessary so that people can make more informed choices about their diets and phosphate consumption. This is especially the case given the lack of treatments available to mitigate the short and long-term effects of dietary phosphate overload-related toxicity. Phosphate toxicity is quickly becoming a global health concern. Without measures in place to reduce dietary phosphate intake, the conditions associated with phosphate toxicity will likely to cause untold damage to the wellbeing of individuals around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Erem
- Department of Pathology, Saba University School of Medicine, Saba, Dutch Caribbean, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammed S Razzaque
- Department of Pathology, Saba University School of Medicine, Saba, Dutch Caribbean, The Netherlands.
- Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda.
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1858 West Grandview Boulevard, Room: B2-306, Erie, PA, 16509, USA.
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28
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Gibson JE, Ander EL, Cave M, Bath-Hextall F, Musah A, Leonardi-Bee J. Linkage of national soil quality measurements to primary care medical records in England and Wales: a new resource for investigating environmental impacts on human health. Popul Health Metr 2018; 16:12. [PMID: 30012161 PMCID: PMC6048879 DOI: 10.1186/s12963-018-0168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term, low-level exposure to toxic elements in soil may be harmful to human health but large longitudinal cohort studies with sufficient follow-up time to study these effects are cost-prohibitive and impractical. Linkage of routinely collected medical outcome data to systematic surveys of soil quality may offer a viable alternative. Methods We used the Geochemical Baseline Survey of the Environment (G-BASE), a systematic X-ray fluorescence survey of soil inorganic chemistry throughout England and Wales to obtain estimates of the concentrations of 15 elements in the soil contained within each English and Welsh postcode area. We linked these data to the residential postcodes of individuals enrolled in The Health Improvement Network (THIN), a large database of UK primary care medical records, to provide estimates of exposure. Observed exposure levels among the THIN population were compared with expectations based on UK population estimates to assess representativeness. Results Three hundred seventy-seven of three hundred ninety-five English and Welsh THIN practices agreed to participate in the linkage, providing complete residential soil metal estimates for 6,243,363 individuals (92% of all current and former patients) with a mean period of prospective computerised medical data collection (follow-up) of 6.75 years. Overall agreement between the THIN population and expectations was excellent; however, the number of participating practices in the Yorkshire & Humber strategic health authority was low, leading to restricted ranges of measurements for some elements relative to the known variations in geochemical concentrations in this area. Conclusions The linked database provides unprecedented population size and statistical power to study the effects of elements in soil on human health. With appropriate adjustment, results should be generalizable to and representative of the wider English and Welsh population. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12963-018-0168-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack E Gibson
- Division of Epidemiology & Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building Phase II, City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK.
| | - E Louise Ander
- Centre for Environmental Geochemistry, British Geological Survey, Nicker Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - Mark Cave
- Environmental Geochemistry Baselines Group, British Geological Survey, Nicker Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - Fiona Bath-Hextall
- Centre for Evidence Based Health Care, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2HA, UK
| | - Anwar Musah
- Division of Epidemiology & Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building Phase II, City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Jo Leonardi-Bee
- Division of Epidemiology & Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building Phase II, City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK
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29
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Turner ME, White CA, Hopman WM, Ward EC, Jeronimo PS, Adams MA, Holden RM. Impaired Phosphate Tolerance Revealed With an Acute Oral Challenge. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:113-122. [PMID: 28914962 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Elevated serum phosphate is consistently linked with cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and mortality in the setting of normal and impaired kidney function. However, serum phosphate does not often exceed the upper limit of normal until glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls below 30 mL/min/m2 . It was hypothesized that the response to an oral, bioavailable phosphate load will unmask impaired phosphate tolerance, a maladaptation not revealed by baseline serum phosphate concentrations. In this study, rats with varying kidney function as well as normo-phosphatemic human subjects, with inulin-measured GFR (13.2 to 128.3mL/min), received an oral phosphate load. Hormonal and urinary responses were evaluated over 2 hours. Results revealed that the more rapid elevation of serum phosphate was associated with subjects and rats with higher levels of kidney function, greater responsiveness to acute changes in parathyroid hormone (PTH), and significantly more urinary phosphate at 2 hours. In humans, increases in urinary phosphate to creatinine ratio did not correlate with baseline serum phosphate concentrations but did correlate strongly to early increase of serum phosphate. The blunted rise in serum phosphate in rats with CKD was not the result of altered absorption. This result suggests acute tissue deposition may be altered in the setting of kidney function impairment. Early recognition of impaired phosphate tolerance could translate to important interventions, such as dietary phosphate restriction or phosphate binders, being initiated at much higher levels of kidney function than is current practice. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy E Turner
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | | | - Wilma M Hopman
- Clinical Research Centre, Kingston General Hospital, Kingston, Canada.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Emilie C Ward
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Paul S Jeronimo
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Michael A Adams
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Rachel M Holden
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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30
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Yoshikawa R, Yamamoto H, Nakahashi O, Kagawa T, Tajiri M, Nakao M, Fukuda S, Arai H, Masuda M, Iwano M, Takeda E, Taketani Y. The age-related changes of dietary phosphate responsiveness in plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels and renal Cyp27b1 and Cyp24a1 gene expression is associated with renal α-Klotho gene expression in mice. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2017; 62:68-74. [PMID: 29371756 PMCID: PMC5773827 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.17-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the relationship between age-related changes in renal α-Klotho gene expression, vitamin D metabolism and the responsiveness of dietary phosphate in 1, 2 and 13 month-old mice fed a high phosphate (phosphate 1.2%) diet or low phosphate (phosphate 0.02%) diet for 5 days. We found that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in plasma were significantly lower in the high phosphate group than the low phosphate group for 1 and 2 month-old mice, but not 13 month-old mice. In addition, in the high phosphate group plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were decreased in 2 month-old mice relative to 1 month-old mice, but 13 month-old mice had higher levels than 2 month-old mice. In fact, plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels showed a significant correlation with vitamin D metabolism gene Cyp27b1 and Cyp24a1 mRNA expression in the high phosphate group. Interestingly, renal α-Klotho mRNA and protein levels were significant change with age. Furthermore, α-Klotho mRNA expression showed a significant negative correlation with plasma 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels in the high phosphate group. Our results suggest that age-related alterations in renal α-Klotho expression could affect the responsiveness of dietary phosphate to vitamin D metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryouhei Yoshikawa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hironori Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.,Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life, Jin-ai University, 3-1-1 Ohde-cho, Echizen-city, Fukui 915-8586, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Otoki Nakahashi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.,Division of Functional Food Chemistry, Institute for Health Science, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamahoji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kagawa
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Mari Tajiri
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Mari Nakao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Shiori Fukuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Arai
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Management, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Masashi Masuda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masayuki Iwano
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Eiji Takeda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yutaka Taketani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Food Management, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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31
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Park JC, Han SH, Byun MS, Yi D, Lee JH, Park K, Lee DY, Mook-Jung I. Low Serum Phosphorus Correlates with Cerebral Aβ Deposition in Cognitively Impaired Subjects: Results from the KBASE Study. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:362. [PMID: 29163142 PMCID: PMC5681522 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by progressive cognitive decline, is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the elderly. Cerebral β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition is the major pathological hallmark of AD. Recent studies also have shown that the serum level of phosphorus correlates to the risk of incident dementia. To date, the linkage between cerebral Aβ deposition and the serum phosphorus level remains unknown. In this study, we analyzed the levels of serum phosphorus in 109 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 73 AD dementia (ADD) subjects. All subjects underwent Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography (PiB-PET) imaging to measure cerebral Aβ deposition. The results with Aβ deposition was compared with the serum levels of phosphorus. The subjects with cerebral Aβ deposition showed lower levels of serum phosphorus than those without Aβ deposition. Furthermore, multiple regression analyses showed that a low level of serum phosphorus correlated with cerebral Aβ deposition, even when age, sex, apolipoprotein E ε4 genotype, and MMSE z-score were controlled for. Serum levels of other ions, including calcium, iron, zinc, and copper, showed no such correlation. In conclusion, our results suggest that the serum level of phosphorus may be used as an easily accessible blood biomarker for cerebral Aβ deposition in a cognitively impaired population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Chan Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun-Ho Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min S Byun
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyua Park
- Department of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, United States
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Neuroscience Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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32
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of dietary phosphorus, its sources, recommended intakes, and its absorption and metabolism in health and in chronic kidney disease and to discuss recent findings in this area with a focus on the effects of inorganic phosphate additives in bone health. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings show that increasing dietary phosphorus through inorganic phosphate additives has detrimental effects on bone and mineral metabolism in humans and animals. There is new data supporting an educational intervention to limit phosphate additives in patients with chronic kidney disease to control serum phosphate. The average intake of phosphorus in the USA is well above the recommended dietary allowance. Inorganic phosphate additives, which are absorbed at a high rate, account for a substantial and likely underestimated portion of this excessive intake. These additives have negative effects on bone metabolism and present a prime opportunity to lower total phosphorus intake in the USA. Further evidence is needed to confirm whether lowering dietary phosphorus intake would have beneficial effects to improve fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colby J Vorland
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Stremke
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Ranjani N Moorthi
- Department of Medicine-Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathleen M Hill Gallant
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, 700 West State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Department of Medicine-Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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33
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Li XK, Wang JZ, Wang CQ, Zhang CH, Li X, Tang CH, Wei XL. Effect of dietary phosphorus levels on meat quality and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Food Chem 2016; 205:289-96. [PMID: 27006242 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.02.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To analyze the influence of dietary phosphorus (P) levels on meat quality and lipid metabolism, a 42-day feeding experiment (P deficient group; normal group; high P level groups of H1 and H2, respectively) using 100 one-day-old broilers was conducted. Results demonstrated that the quality of broiler chicken meat in deficient or high P groups decreased relative to the normal group. High P diets resulted in increased lightness, redness values, shear forces and decreased fatty acid contents and intramuscular fat content in breast meat (p<0.01). Compared with normal group, lower malic enzyme activity, higher fatty acid synthase and AMP-activated protein kinase activities were observed in the treatment groups (p<0.05). Chickens fed with normal diets had the lowest serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels which differed from that of other treatments (p<0.05). High-P diets significantly decreased the lipid accumulation in the liver (p<0.01), whereas phosphorus levels in breast meat increased significantly (p<0.01). It can be concluded that deficient or higher P levels could affect meat quality and expression of indicators on lipid metabolism of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ke Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chun-Qing Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chun-Hui Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chun-Hong Tang
- College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wei
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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34
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Zhao A, Xue Y, Zhang Y, Li W, Yu K, Wang P. Nutrition Concerns of Insufficient and Excessive Intake of Dietary Minerals in Lactating Women: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Three Cities of China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146483. [PMID: 26730592 PMCID: PMC4701389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Objectives of this study were 1) to investigate the mineral intake by Chinese lactating women, 2) to explore the dietary source of minerals, and 3) the ratios between different dietary minerals. METHODS A total of 468 lactating women in 5-240 days post-partum participated in this study. Food intakes by participants were measured using one time of 24-hour dietary recall, and minerals from food were calculated based on the Chinese Food Composition Table, second edition. RESULTS In post-partum, women had inadequate food intake. 81.0% of women's daily intake of dairy products was lower than 300g, and 97.1% of women's daily intake of salt over 6g. For mineral intake, there were 81.8%, 59.0%, 47.6%, 45.7% and 66.8% of women's calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and selenium intake lower than the estimated average requirement, respectively, and 91.7% of women's excessive intake of sodium. The calcium/phosphorus and sodium/potassium ratios were 0.41±0.26/1 and 3.13±2.89/1, respectively. Considering the dietary sources of minerals, 27.3%, 25.3% and 30.1% of iron, zinc and calcium were from animal-based food, respectively, and 60.3%, 66.1% and 58.0% of iron, zinc and calcium were from plant-based food, respectively. The phosphorus-protein ratio was 0.014±0.003/1. Lactation stage was associated with nutrient intake. Women within 30 days post-partum and the ones who live in Guangzhou had a significantly lower intake of certain minerals, while women with a high education experience had a high intake of calcium, potassium, iron and zinc. Productive age, whether obese or not, and delivery ways were not associated with mineral intakes (P all >0.05). CONCLUSION Chinese women in three studied cities had an inappropriate food intake and resulted in both insufficient and excessive intakes of certain minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Zhao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xue
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition & Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Li
- Nestlé Nutrition Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yu
- Nestlé Research Center Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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Effect of phosphorus supplementation on weight gain and waist circumference of overweight/obese adults: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr Diabetes 2015; 5:e189. [PMID: 26690287 PMCID: PMC4735052 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2015.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Phosphorus status is inversely correlated with body weight; however, the effect of phosphorus supplementation on body weight in a controlled design has not been studied. Methods: This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 63 adults aged 18–45 years with a body mass index (BMI) of ⩾25 kg m−2 and normal kidney function at the American University of Beirut. Participants were randomly assigned to the placebo or phosphorus group where daily placebo or phosphorus supplements were ingested with three main meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner) for a period of 12 weeks. Primary outcomes were changes in anthropometric measures, blood metabolites (including lipid profile, glucose and insulin) and subjective appetite scores. The trial is registered with Clinical Trial.gov, NCT02329990. Results: Body weight was significantly lower in the phosphorus group when compared with the placebo group (−0.65 kg (95% confidence interval (CI) −1.69 to 0.40) vs 1.13 kg (95% CI 0.19 to 2.06), P=0.01). Similarly, BMI and waist circumference were significantly lower in the phosphorus group when compared with the placebo group (−0.24 kg m−2 (95% CI −0.59 to 0.12) vs 0.42 kg m−2 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.78), P=0.01; −3.62 cm (95% CI−4.90 to −2.33) vs 0.38 cm ( 95% CI−0.44 to 1.20), P<0.001; respectively). Several parameters of subjective appetite scores were decreased in the phosphorus-supplemented group. Conclusions: Phosphorus supplementation for 12 weeks significantly decreases body weight, BMI, waist circumference and subjective appetite scores. These findings support a promising role of the mineral phosphorus in the prevention and management of obesity, especially abdominal adiposity. The exact mechanisms of action and longer-term effects still need to be elucidated.
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Lee S, Kim JE, Hong SH, Lee AY, Park EJ, Seo HW, Chae C, Doble P, Bishop D, Cho MH. High Inorganic Phosphate Intake Promotes Tumorigenesis at Early Stages in a Mouse Model of Lung Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135582. [PMID: 26285136 PMCID: PMC4540575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is required by all living organisms for the development of organs such as bone, muscle, brain, and lungs, regulating the expression of several critical genes as well as signal transduction. However, little is known about the effects of prolonged dietary Pi consumption on lung cancer progression. This study investigated the effects of a high-phosphate diet (HPD) in a mouse model of adenocarcinoma. K-rasLA1 mice were fed a normal diet (0.3% Pi) or an HPD (1% Pi) for 1, 2, or 4 months. Mice were then sacrificed and subjected to inductively coupled plasma mass/optical emission spectrometry and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry analyses, western blot analysis, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and immunocytochemical analyses to evaluate tumor formation and progression (including cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis), changes in ion levels and metabolism, autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and protein translation in the lungs. An HPD accelerated tumorigenesis, as evidenced by increased adenoma and adenocarcinoma rates as well as tumor size. However, after 4 months of the HPD, cell proliferation was arrested, and marked increases in liver and lung ion levels and in energy production via the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the liver were observed, which were accompanied by increased autophagy and decreased angiogenesis and apoptosis. These results indicate that an HPD initially promotes but later inhibits lung cancer progression because of metabolic adaptation leading to tumor cell quiescence. Moreover, the results suggest that carefully regulated Pi consumption are effective in lung cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somin Lee
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUSProgram for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
- Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Kim
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUSProgram for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Hong
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUSProgram for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
| | - Ah-Young Lee
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUSProgram for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443–749, Korea
| | - Hwi Won Seo
- Laboratory of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
| | - Chanhee Chae
- Laboratory of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
| | - Philip Doble
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility, Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Bishop
- Elemental Bio-imaging Facility, Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - Myung-Haing Cho
- Laboratory of Toxicology, BK21 PLUSProgram for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
- Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443–270, Korea
- Graduate Group of Tumor Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151–742, Korea
- Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443–270, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Intake patterns and dietary associations of soya protein consumption in adults and children in the Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2. Br J Nutr 2015; 113:299-309. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514003638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Soya foods are one of the recommended alternatives to meat in many dietary guidelines. While this is expected to increase the intake of some nutrients, potential concerns regarding others have been raised. The purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence and the association of soya food consumption with nutrient intakes and dietary patterns of Canadians (age ≥ 2 years). Cross-sectional data from the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey (Cycle 2.2; n 33 218) were used to classify soya consumers and non-consumers. Soya consumers were further divided into two groups based on their soya protein intake. Sample weights were applied and logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between nutrient intakes and soya consumption, with cultural background, sex, age and economic status being included as covariates. On any given day, 3·3 % (n 1085) of Canadians consume soya foods, with females, Asian Canadians and adults with post-secondary education being more likely to be soya consumers. As a whole, adolescent and adult respondents who had consumed at least one soya food during their 24 h dietary recall had higher energy intakes, as well as increased intakes of nutrients such as protein, fibre, vitamin C, vitamin B6, naturally occurring folate, thiamin, Ca, P, Mg, PUFA, Fe and K and lowered intakes of saturated fat. These data indicate that soya food consumption is associated with improved diet quality of Canadians. However, future research is necessary to investigate the association between increased energy intake and soya consumption.
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Watari E, Taketani Y, Kitamura T, Tanaka T, Ohminami H, Abuduli M, Harada N, Yamanaka-Okumura H, Yamamoto H, Takeda E. Fluctuating plasma phosphorus level by changes in dietary phosphorus intake induces endothelial dysfunction. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2014; 56:35-42. [PMID: 25678749 PMCID: PMC4306666 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High serum phosphorus (P) impairs endothelial function by increasing oxidative stress and decreasing nitric oxide production. Serum P levels fluctuate due to circadian rhythms or dietary P intake in healthy people and due to dialysis in end-stage chronic kidney disease patients. Here we examined whether fluctuating plasma P caused by changes in dietary P intake may be involved in endothelial dysfunction, resulting in increased cardiovascular risk. Rats were fed a diet containing 0.6% P for 16 days (control group), or a diet alternating between 0.02% P and 1.2% P (LH group) or between 1.2% P and 0.02% P (HL group) every 2 days; the total amount of P intake among the groups during the feeding period was similar. In the LH and HL groups, endothelial-dependent vasodilation significantly decreased plasma 8-(OH)dG level significantly increased, and the expression of inflammatory factors such as MCP-1 increased in the endothelium as compared with the control group. These data indicate that repetitive fluctuations of plasma P caused by varying dietary P intake can impair endothelial function via increased oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Taken together, these results suggest that habitual fluctuation of dietary P intake might be a cause of cardiovascular disease through endothelial dysfunction, especially in chronic kidney disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Watari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yutaka Taketani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Kitamura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Terumi Tanaka
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ohminami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Maerjianghan Abuduli
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Nagakatsu Harada
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hironori Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Eiji Takeda
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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Lee KJ, Kim KS, Kim HN, Seo JA, Song SW. Association between dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes, dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio and bone mass in the Korean population. Nutr J 2014; 13:114. [PMID: 25496564 PMCID: PMC4292818 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis has become a major public health issue. Among various factors affected bone health, not only dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes, but also the dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio could relate to bone health. Therefore, we evaluated whether dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes, and dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio are associated with bone mass in Korean adults ≥ 20 years of age. METHODS The analysis used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey of Korean civilians, conducted from January to December 2010. A total of 4,935 participants (2,309 men and 2,626 women) were analyzed in this study. Dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes of the participants were estimated using 24-h dietary recall. Bone mass densities for the whole body, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Dietary calcium intake and dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio were positively related to bone mass density for femoral neck in men ≥ 50 years of age (p = 0.046 and 0.041, respectively). Dietary calcium intake showed positive associations with bone mass density for whole body in premenopausal women (p = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS Increased calcium intake and high dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio might have favorable effects on bone mass in Korean adults. Additional gender- and age-specific studies are needed to further identify the influence of calcium and phosphorus intakes, and the dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio on bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Jin Lee
- />Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbudaero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 442-723 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Kim
- />Department of Family medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ha-Na Kim
- />Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbudaero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 442-723 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Seo
- />Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbudaero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 442-723 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Song
- />Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbudaero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 442-723 Republic of Korea
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Scibior A, Adamczyk A, Mroczka R, Niedźwiecka I, Gołębiowska D, Fornal E. Effects of vanadium (V) and magnesium (Mg) on rat bone tissue: mineral status and micromorphology. Consequences of V-Mg interactions. Metallomics 2014; 6:2260-78. [PMID: 25371215 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00234b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The extent to which the 12 week separate and combined administration of vanadium (as sodium metavanadate--SMV, 0.125 mg V per ml) and magnesium (as magnesium sulphate--MS, 0.06 mg Mg per ml) affects bone mineral status and micromorphology as well as the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in femoral diaphysis (FD) was examined in male rats. The bone chemical composition of SMV-exposed rats was also investigated. SMV alone or in combination with MS (as SMV-MS) reduced the levels of MgFD (by 21% and 20%) and PFD (by 12% and 9%), lowered the CaFD content (by 7% and 10%), and caused a rise of the FeFD concentration (by 22.5% and 17%), compared with the control; SMV alone also reduced and enhanced the KFD and ZnFD concentrations (by 19% and 15%, respectively) but remained without significant effect on the femoral bone surface roughness (FBSR), whereas MS alone lowered the VFD, PFD, and CuFD levels (by 42%, 10%, and 20.6%), reduced FBSR, and created the regular femoral bone surface shape. The SMV-MS combination also induced a decline and rise in the levels of CuFD (by 30%) and NaFD (by 15%), respectively, compared with the control and the MS-supplemented rats; elevated ALPFD activity (by 24%, 35%, and 40%), compared with the control, SMV-exposed, and MS-supplemented animals; and increased FBSR. Relationships between the root mean square roughness (Sq) and skewness (Ssk): Sq [MS < SMV < Control < SMV-MS] ⇔ Ssk [SMV-MS > Control > SMV > MS], ALPFD and Sq: ALPFD⇔ Sq [SMV-MS > Control > SMV > MS], and between other variables were demonstrated. A partial limitation of the drop in the PFD and KFD levels and normalization of the ZnFD concentration were a consequence of the V-Mg antagonistic interaction whereas a consequence of the V-Mg synergistic interaction was the increase in the NaFD level, ALPFD activity, and FBSR. Ca10(PO4)5(SiO4)(OH) was part of the inorganic component of the bone of the SMV-exposed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Scibior
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Kraśnicka Ave, 20-718 Lublin, Poland.
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High phosphate diet increases arterial blood pressure via a parathyroid hormone mediated increase of renin. J Hypertens 2014; 32:1822-32. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Smith S, Abrams S, Davis-Street J, Heer M, O'Brien K, Wastney M, Zwart S. Fifty Years of Human Space Travel: Implications for Bone and Calcium Research. Annu Rev Nutr 2014; 34:377-400. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-071813-105440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.M. Smith
- Biomedical Research and Environmental Sciences Division, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas 77058;
| | - S.A. Abrams
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030;
| | - J.E. Davis-Street
- Chevron Services Company, Corporate Health and Medical, Houston, Texas 77002;
| | - M. Heer
- Profil, 41460 Neuss, Germany;
- University of Bonn, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition Physiology, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - K.O. O'Brien
- Cornell University, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Ithaca, New York 14853;
| | - M.E. Wastney
- Metabolic Modeling Services, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906;
| | - S.R. Zwart
- Division of Space Life Sciences, Universities Space Research Association, Houston, Texas 77058;
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Calvo MS, Tucker KL. Is phosphorus intake that exceeds dietary requirements a risk factor in bone health? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1301:29-35. [PMID: 24472074 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus intake in excess of the nutrient needs of healthy adults is thought to disrupt hormonal regulation of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and vitamin D, contributing to impaired peak bone mass, bone resorption, and greater risk of fracture. Elevation of extracellular phosphorus due to excessive intake is thought to be the main stimulus disrupting phosphorus homeostasis in healthy individuals, as it is in renal disease even when intake is modest. If high serum phosphorus is the critical link to the effect of high phosphorus intake on bone health, the issue could be addressed through epidemiologic or dietary studies. However, several confounding factors, including problems estimating accurate phosphorus intake, the influence of a low dietary Ca:P ratio, the acidic nature of phosphorus, the rapid rate of absorption and greater phosphorus bioavailability from processed food such as cola drinks, and circadian fluctuation in serum phosphorus, make this question difficult to address using conventional study designs. These confounding factors are considered in this review, exploring whether phosphorus intake exceeding nutrient needs in healthy individuals disrupts phosphorus regulation and negatively affects bone accretion or loss. Specific attention is given to phosphorus intake from processed foods rich in phosphorus additives, which significantly contribute to phosphorus intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S Calvo
- Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Laurel, Maryland
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The role of the gastrointestinal tract in phosphate homeostasis in health and chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2014; 22:481-7. [PMID: 23666413 PMCID: PMC4196778 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0b013e3283621310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review For a number of years, there has been increasing interest in the concept of directly targeting intestinal phosphate transport to control hyperphosphatemia in chronic kidney disease. However, progress has been slow due to the paucity of information on the mechanisms involved in intestinal phosphate absorption. This editorial highlights the most recent developments in our understanding of this process and the role of the intestine in the maintenance of phosphate balance. Recent findings Recent studies in NaPi-IIb knockout mice have confirmed that this transport protein plays a significant role in intestinal phosphate absorption and is critical in the proposed feed-forward mechanism between the small intestine and kidney, which helps to maintain normal phosphate balance and steady-state plasma phosphate concentrations. In addition, renal failure-induced hyperphosphatemia is attenuated in NaPi-IIb knockout mice, confirming that NaPi-IIb is a suitable target in the prevention and treatment of hyperphosphatemia. Summary Recent findings suggest that consumption of processed foods containing phosphate preservatives may lead to excessive phosphate exposure (if not overload), toxicity, and cardiovascular disease in the general population, as well as in patients with declining renal function. Therefore, establishing more effective ways of targeting the intestine to limit dietary phosphate absorption could have wide-reaching health benefits.
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Rose TJ, Liu L, Wissuwa M. Improving phosphorus efficiency in cereal crops: Is breeding for reduced grain phosphorus concentration part of the solution? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:444. [PMID: 24204376 PMCID: PMC3817843 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Given the non-renewable nature of global phosphate reserves, there is a push to increase the phosphorus (P) efficiency of agricultural crops. Research has typically focussed on investigating P acquisition efficiency or internal P utilization efficiency to reduce crop fertilizer requirements. A novel option that would reduce the amount of P exported from fields at harvest, and may ultimately reduce P fertilizer requirements, would be to reduce the amount of P translocated to grains to minimize grain P concentrations. While such a trait has been mentioned in a number of studies over the years, there has not been a concerted effort to target this trait in breeding programs. In this perspective piece we explore the reasons why a low grain P trait has not been pursued, and discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of such a trait in the context of breeding to improve the P efficiency of cropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry J. Rose
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross UniversityLismore, NSW, Australia
- Southern Cross GeoScience, Southern Cross UniversityLismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Lei Liu
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross UniversityLismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthias Wissuwa
- Stable Food Production Program, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural SciencesIbaraki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Matthias Wissuwa, Stable Food Production Program, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences, 1-1 Ohwashi Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8686, Japan e-mail:
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Calvo MS, Uribarri J. Contributions to total phosphorus intake: all sources considered. Semin Dial 2012; 26:54-61. [PMID: 23278245 DOI: 10.1111/sdi.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
High serum phosphorus is linked to poor health outcome and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients before or after the initiation of dialysis. Dietary intake of phosphorus, a major determinant of serum phosphorus, seems to be systematically underestimated using the available software tools and generalized nutrient content databases. Several sources of dietary phosphorus including the addition of phosphorus ingredients in food processing, and phosphorus content of vitamin and mineral supplements and commonly used over-the-counter or prescription medications are not fully accounted for by the nutrient content databases and software programs in current clinical use or used in large population studies. In this review, we explore the many unknown sources of phosphorus in the food supply to identify all possible contributors to total phosphorus intake of Americans that have escaped inclusion in past intake estimates. Our goal is to help delineate areas for future interventions that will enable tighter control of dietary phosphorus intake, a critical factor to maintaining health and quality of life in CKD and dialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S Calvo
- Office of Applied Research and Safety Assessment, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Laurel, Maryland, USA
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