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Moss CE, Johnston SA, Kimble JV, Clements M, Codd V, Hamby S, Goodall AH, Deshmukh S, Sudbery I, Coca D, Wilson HL, Kiss-Toth E. Aging-related defects in macrophage function are driven by MYC and USF1 transcriptional programs. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114073. [PMID: 38578825 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are central innate immune cells whose function declines with age. The molecular mechanisms underlying age-related changes remain poorly understood, particularly in human macrophages. We report a substantial reduction in phagocytosis, migration, and chemotaxis in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) from older (>50 years old) compared with younger (18-30 years old) donors, alongside downregulation of transcription factors MYC and USF1. In MDMs from young donors, knockdown of MYC or USF1 decreases phagocytosis and chemotaxis and alters the expression of associated genes, alongside adhesion and extracellular matrix remodeling. A concordant dysregulation of MYC and USF1 target genes is also seen in MDMs from older donors. Furthermore, older age and loss of either MYC or USF1 in MDMs leads to an increased cell size, altered morphology, and reduced actin content. Together, these results define MYC and USF1 as key drivers of MDM age-related functional decline and identify downstream targets to improve macrophage function in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E Moss
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Simon A Johnston
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joshua V Kimble
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Martha Clements
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Veryan Codd
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Healthcare Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Stephen Hamby
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Healthcare Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Healthcare Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Sumeet Deshmukh
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ian Sudbery
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Daniel Coca
- Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Department of Autonomic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Heather L Wilson
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Healthy Lifespan Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.
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Turnbull RE, Hafeez A, Sander KN, Barrett DA, Murphy GJ, Goodall AH. Unfractionated heparin reverses aspirin inhibition of platelets during coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8572. [PMID: 38609431 PMCID: PMC11015001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is an effective antithrombotic during surgery but has known adverse effects, in particular on platelets. A marked increase in platelet responsiveness has previously been observed in patients within minutes of receiving UFH, despite adequate inhibition by aspirin prior to heparin. We studied this phenomenon in patients undergoing cardiac artery bypass grafting (n = 17) to determine whether the effects of heparin were systemic or platelet-specific. All patients' platelets were fully inhibited by aspirin prior to surgery, but within 3 min of receiving heparin spontaneous aggregation and responses to arachidonic acid (AA) and ADP increased significantly (p ≥ 0.0002), and activated platelets were found in the circulation. While there was no rise in thromboxane in the plasma following heparin, levels of the major platelet 12-lipoxygenase product, 12-HETE, rose significantly. Mixing experiments demonstrated that the changes caused by heparin resided primarily in the platelets, while addition of AA pathway inhibitors, and analysis of oxylipins provided evidence that, following heparin, aggregating platelets regained their ability to synthesise thromboxane. These findings highlight potentially unrecognised pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory changes during CABG surgery, and provide further evidence of adverse effects associated with UFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Turnbull
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
- The Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, LE1 7HB, UK.
| | - Azhar Hafeez
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
- Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Katrin N Sander
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David A Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Gavin J Murphy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Owen MJ, Wright JR, Tuddenham EGD, King JR, Goodall AH, Dunster JL. Mathematical models of coagulation-are we there yet? J Thromb Haemost 2024:S1538-7836(24)00167-3. [PMID: 38521192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mathematical models of coagulation have been developed to mirror thrombin generation in plasma, with the aim of investigating how variation in coagulation factor levels regulates hemostasis. However, current models vary in the reactions they capture and the reaction rates used, and their validation is restricted by a lack of large coherent datasets, resulting in questioning of their utility. OBJECTIVES To address this debate, we systematically assessed current models against a large dataset, using plasma coagulation factor levels from 348 individuals with normal hemostasis to identify the causes of these variations. METHODS We compared model predictions with measured thrombin generation, quantifying and comparing the ability of each model to predict thrombin generation, the contributions of the individual reactions, and their dependence on reaction rates. RESULTS We found that no current model predicted the hemostatic response across the whole cohort and all produced thrombin generation curves that did not resemble those obtained experimentally. Our analysis has identified the key reactions that lead to differential model predictions, where experimental uncertainty leads to variability in predictions, and we determined reactions that have a high influence on measured thrombin generation, such as the contribution of factor XI. CONCLUSION This systematic assessment of models of coagulation, using large dataset inputs, points to ways in which these models can be improved. A model that accurately reflects the effects of the multiple subtle variations in an individual's hemostatic profile could be used for assessing antithrombotics or as a tool for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt J Owen
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom. https://twitter.com/MattJOwen_
| | - Joy R Wright
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Institute for Healthcare Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Edward G D Tuddenham
- Royal Free Hospital Haemophilia Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John R King
- Centre for Mathematical Medicine and Biology, School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom; National Institute for Healthcare Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne L Dunster
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.
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Martinez-Campesino L, Kocsy K, Cañedo J, Johnston JM, Moss CE, Johnston SA, Hamby S, Goodall AH, Redgrave J, Francis SE, Kiss-Toth E, Wilson HL. Tribbles 3 deficiency promotes atherosclerotic fibrous cap thickening and macrophage-mediated extracellular matrix remodelling. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:948461. [PMID: 36158793 PMCID: PMC9505024 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.948461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Tribbles 3 (TRIB3) modulates lipid and glucose metabolism, macrophage lipid uptake, with a gain-of-function variant associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Here we set out to examine the role of this pseudokinase in atherosclerotic plaque development. Human endarterectomy atherosclerotic tissue specimens analysed by immunofluorescence showed upregulated TRIB3 in unstable plaques and an enrichment in unstable regions of stable plaques. Atherosclerosis was induced in full body Trib3KO and Trib3WT littermate mice by injecting mPCSK9 expressing adeno-associated virus and western diet feeding for 12 weeks. Trib3KO mice showed expanded visceral adipose depot while circulatory lipid levels remained unaltered compared to wildtype mice. Trib3KO mice aortae showed a reduced plaque development and improved plaque stability, with increased fibrous cap thickness and collagen content, which was accompanied by increased macrophage content. Analysis of both mouse and human macrophages with reduced TRIB3 expression showed elongated morphology, increased actin expression and altered regulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodelling. In summary, TRIB3 controls plaque development and may be atherogenic in vivo. Loss of TRIB3 increases fibrous cap thickness via altered metalloproteinase expression in macrophages, thus inhibiting collagen and elastic fibre degradation, suggesting a role for TRIB3 in the formation of unstable plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martinez-Campesino
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Klaudia Kocsy
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jaime Cañedo
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica M. Johnston
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte E. Moss
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simon A. Johnston
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Hamby
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Healthcare Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Healthcare Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Redgrave
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila E. Francis
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Heather L. Wilson
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Heather L. Wilson,
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Dunster JL, Wright JR, Samani NJ, Goodall AH. A System-Wide Investigation and Stratification of the Hemostatic Proteome in Premature Myocardial Infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:919394. [PMID: 35845083 PMCID: PMC9281867 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.919394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Advancing understanding of key factors that determine the magnitude of the hemostatic response may facilitate the identification of individuals at risk of generating an occlusive thrombus as a result of an atherothrombotic event such as an acute Myocardial Infarction (MI). While fibrinogen levels are a recognized risk factor for MI, the association of thrombotic risk with other coagulation proteins is inconsistent. This is likely due to the complex balance of pro- and anticoagulant factors in any individual. Methods We compared measured levels of pro- and anticoagulant proteins in plasma from 162 patients who suffered an MI at an early age (MI <50 y) and 186 age- and gender-matched healthy controls with no history of CAD. We then used the measurements from these individuals as inputs for an established mathematical model to investigate how small variations in hemostatic factors affect the overall amplitude of the hemostatic response and to identify differential key drivers of the hemostatic response in male and female patients and controls. Results Plasma from the MI patients contained significantly higher levels of Tissue Factor (P = 0.007), the components of the tenase (FIX and FVIII; P < 0.0001 for both) and the prothrombinase complexes (FX; P = 0.003), and lower levels of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI; P = 0.033) than controls. The mathematical model, which generates time-dependent predictions describing the depletion, activation, and interaction of the main procoagulant factors and inhibitors, identified different patterns of hemostatic response between MI patients and controls, and additionally, between males and females. Whereas, in males, TF, FVIII, FIX, and the inhibitor TFPI contribute to the differences seen between case and controls, and in females, FII, FVIII, and FIX had the greatest influence on the generation of thrombin. We additionally show that further donor stratification may be possible according to the predicted donor response to anticoagulant therapy. Conclusions We suggest that modeling could be of value in enhancing our prediction of risk of premature MI, recurrent risk, and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne L. Dunster
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Joy R. Wright
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
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6
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Collier MEW, Ambrose AR, Goodall AH. Does hsa-miR-223-3p from platelet-derived extracellular vesicles regulate tissue factor expression in monocytic cells? Platelets 2022; 33:1031-1042. [PMID: 35132909 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2022.2027903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from activated platelets contain microRNAs, the most abundant of which is hsa-miR-223-3p. Endogenous hsa-miR-223-3p suppresses the expression of tissue factor (TF), the initiator of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, in endothelial cells. Monocytes can be induced to express TF to enhance coagulation, but the role of hsa-miR-223-3p in regulating monocyte TF remains unknown. This study examined whether hsa-miR-223-3p from platelet-derived EVs (pdEVs) affects TF expression in monocytes. THP-1 cells, differentiated into a monocyte-like phenotype with 1α,25-dihydroxyvitaminD3, were transfected with hsa-miR-223-3p mimic or control microRNA. Alternatively, THP-1 cells were incubated with pdEVs from PAR1-agonist peptide activated-platelets, as platelet releasate, or pdEVs isolated by ultracentrifugation. Transfection with hsa-miR-223-3p mimic resulted in significant reductions in TF protein, determined by western blotting and flow cytometry and reduced procoagulant activity, measured by a TF-specific factor Xa generation assay, compared to cells transfected with control microRNA. This reduction was reversed by co-transfection with hsa-miR-223-3p inhibitor, AntagomiR-223. Incubation of THP-1 cells with pdEVs also decreased TF expression; however, this was not reversed by AntagomiR-223. Taken together, monocyte TF expression is downregulated by hsa-miR-223-3p, but when transferred via pdEVs the effect was not reversed with Antagomir-223, suggesting other pdEV components may contribute to TF regulation.Abbreviations: Tissue factor (TF), Factor VII (FVII), activated Factor VII (FVIIa), Factor X (FX), activated Factor X (FXa), extracellular vesicles (EVs), microvesicles (MVs), platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (pdEVs), protease-activated receptor 1 agonist peptide (PAR1-AP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), Tris-Buffered Saline Tween (TBST), room temperature (RT)[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E W Collier
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Ashley R Ambrose
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Kim T, Johnston J, Castillo-Lluva S, Cimas FJ, Hamby S, Gonzalez-Moreno S, Villarejo-Campos P, Goodall AH, Velasco G, Ocana A, Muthana M, Kiss-Toth E. TRIB1 regulates tumor growth via controlling tumor-associated macrophage phenotypes and is associated with breast cancer survival and treatment response. Theranostics 2022; 12:3584-3600. [PMID: 35664073 PMCID: PMC9131267 DOI: 10.7150/thno.72192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms that regulate tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) phenotype and function are incompletely understood. The pseudokinase TRIB1 has been reported as a regulator of macrophage phenotypes, both in mouse and human systems. Methods: Bioinformatic analysis was used to investigate the link between TRIB1 expression in breast cancer and therapeutic response to chemotherapy. In vivo models of breast cancer included immune-competent mice to characterize the consequences of altered (reduced or elevated) myeloid Trib1 expression on tumor growth and composition of stromal immune cell populations. Results: TRIB1 was highly expressed by TAMs in breast cancer and high TRIB1 expression correlated with response to chemotherapy and patient survival. Both overexpression and knockout of myeloid Trib1 promote mouse breast tumor growth, albeit through different molecular mechanisms. Myeloid Trib1 deficiency led to an early acceleration of tumor growth, paired with a selective reduction in perivascular macrophage numbers in vivo and enhanced oncogenic cytokine expression in vitro. In contrast, elevated levels of Trib1 in myeloid cells led to an increased late-stage mammary tumor volume, coupled with a reduction of NOS2 expressing macrophages and an overall reduction of macrophages in hypoxic tumor regions. In addition, we show that myeloid Trib1 is a previously unknown, negative regulator of the anti-tumor cytokine IL-15, and that increased myeloid Trib1 expression leads to reduced IL-15 levels in mammary tumors, with a consequent reduction in the number of T-cells that are key to anti-tumor immune responses. Conclusions: Together, these results define a key role for TRIB1 in chemotherapy responses for human breast cancer and provide a mechanistic understanding for the importance of the control of myeloid TRIB1 expression in the development of this disease.
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Turnbull RE, Sander KN, Turnbull J, Barrett DA, Goodall AH. Profiling oxylipins released from human platelets activated through the GPVI collagen receptor. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2021; 158:106607. [PMID: 34942378 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2021.106607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In addition to haemostasis, platelets are involved in pathological processes, often driven by material released upon activation. Interaction between collagen and glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is a primary platelet stimulus that liberates arachidonic acid and linoleic acid from membrane phospholipids. These are oxidised by cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) to eicosanoids and other oxylipins with various biological properties. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry we found that GPVI-stimulated platelets released significant levels of ten oxylipins; the well documented TxA2 and 12-HETE, PGD2 and PGE2, as well as 8-, 9-, 11-, and 15-HETE, 9- and 13-HODE.1 Levels of oxylipins released from washed platelets mirrored those from platelets stimulated in the presence of plasma, indicating generation from intracellular, rather than exogenous AA/LA. Inhibition of COX-1 with aspirin, as expected, completely abolished production of TxA2 and PGD/E2, but also significantly inhibited the release of 11-HETE (89 ± 3%) and 9-HODE (74 ± 6%), and reduced 15-HETE and 13-HODE by ∼33 %. Inhibition of 12-LOX by either esculetin or ML355 inhibited the release of all oxylipins apart from 15-HETE. These findings suggest routes to modify the production of bioactive molecules released by activated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Turnbull
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Katrin N Sander
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Turnbull
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David A Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
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Abbasian N, Goodall AH, Burton JO, Bursnall D, Bevington A, Brunskill NJ. Hyperphosphatemia Drives Procoagulant Microvesicle Generation in the Rat Partial Nephrectomy Model of CKD. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113534. [PMID: 33139598 PMCID: PMC7692968 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphatemia has been proposed as a cardiovascular risk factor, contributing to long-term vascular calcification in hyperphosphatemic Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients. However, more recent studies have also demonstrated acute effects of inorganic phosphate (Pi) on endothelial cells in vitro, especially generation of pro-coagulant endothelial microvesicles (MV). Hitherto, such direct effects of hyperphosphatemia have not been reported in vivo. Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three experimental groups: (1) CKD induced by partial nephrectomy receiving high (1.2%) dietary phosphorus; (2) CKD receiving low (0.2%) dietary phosphorus; and (3) sham-operated controls receiving 1.2% phosphorus. After 14 days the animals were sacrificed and plasma MVs counted by nanoparticle tracking analysis. MVs isolated by centrifugation were assayed for pro-coagulant activity by calibrated automated thrombography, and relative content of endothelium-derived MVs was assessed by anti-CD144 immunoblotting. When compared with sham controls, high phosphorus CKD rats were shown to be hyperphosphatemic (4.11 ± 0.23 versus 2.41 ± 0.22 mM Pi, p < 0.0001) with elevated total plasma MVs (2.24 ± 0.37 versus 1.31 ± 0.24 × 108 per ml, p < 0.01), showing increased CD144 expression (145 ± 25% of control value, p < 0.0001), and enhanced procoagulant activity (18.06 ± 1.75 versus 4.99 ± 1.77 nM peak thrombin, p < 0.0001). These effects were abolished in the low phosphorus CKD group. In this rat model, hyperphosphatemia (or a Pi-dependent hormonal response derived from it) is sufficient to induce a marked increase in circulating pro-coagulant MVs, demonstrating an important link between hyperphosphatemia and thrombotic risk in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Abbasian
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44(0)122-384-0020
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
| | - James O. Burton
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
- Department of Nephrology, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Debbie Bursnall
- Division of Biomedical Services, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
| | - Alan Bevington
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
| | - Nigel J. Brunskill
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (A.H.G.); (J.O.B.); (A.B.); (N.J.B.)
- Department of Nephrology, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
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10
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Abbasian N, Bevington A, Burton JO, Herbert KE, Goodall AH, Brunskill NJ. Inorganic Phosphate (Pi) Signaling in Endothelial Cells: A Molecular Basis for Generation of Endothelial Microvesicles in Uraemic Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21196993. [PMID: 32977471 PMCID: PMC7583816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21196993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphataemia increases cardiovascular mortality in patients with kidney disease. Direct effects of high inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations have previously been demonstrated on endothelial cells (ECs), including generation of procoagulant endothelial microvesicles (MVs). However, no mechanism directly sensing elevated intracellular Pi has ever been described in mammalian cells. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that direct inhibition by Pi of the phosphoprotein phosphatase PP2A fulfils this sensing role in ECs, culminating in cytoskeleton disruption and MV generation. ECs were treated with control (1 mM [Pi]) vs. high (2.5 mM [Pi]), a condition that drives actin stress fibre depletion and MV generation demonstrated by confocal microscopy of F-actin and NanoSight Nanoparticle tracking, respectively. Immuno-blotting demonstrated that high Pi increased p-Src, p-PP2A-C and p-DAPK-1 and decreased p-TPM-3. Pi at 100 μM directly inhibited PP2A catalytic activity. Inhibition of PP2A enhanced inhibitory phosphorylation of DAPK-1, leading to hypophosphorylation of Tropomyosin-3 at S284 and MV generation. p-Src is known to perform inhibitory phosphorylation on DAPK-1 but also on PP2A-C. However, PP2A-C can itself dephosphorylate (and therefore inhibit) p-Src. The direct inhibition of PP2A-C by Pi is, therefore, amplified by the feedback loop between PP2A-C and p-Src, resulting in further PP2A-C inhibition. These data demonstrated that PP2A/Src acts as a potent sensor and amplifier of Pi signals which can further signal through DAPK-1/Tropomyosin-3 to generate cytoskeleton disruption and generation of potentially pathological MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Abbasian
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (J.O.B.); (K.E.H.); (A.H.G.); (N.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (A.B.); Tel.: +44-(0)116-246-0951 (A.B.)
| | - Alan Bevington
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (J.O.B.); (K.E.H.); (A.H.G.); (N.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (A.B.); Tel.: +44-(0)116-246-0951 (A.B.)
| | - James O. Burton
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (J.O.B.); (K.E.H.); (A.H.G.); (N.J.B.)
- Department of Nephrology, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Karl E. Herbert
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (J.O.B.); (K.E.H.); (A.H.G.); (N.J.B.)
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (J.O.B.); (K.E.H.); (A.H.G.); (N.J.B.)
| | - Nigel J. Brunskill
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; (J.O.B.); (K.E.H.); (A.H.G.); (N.J.B.)
- Department of Nephrology, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
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11
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Johnston JM, Angyal A, Bauer RC, Hamby S, Suvarna SK, Baidžajevas K, Hegedus Z, Dear TN, Turner M, Wilson HL, Goodall AH, Rader DJ, Shoulders CC, Francis SE, Kiss-Toth E. Myeloid Tribbles 1 induces early atherosclerosis via enhanced foam cell expansion. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaax9183. [PMID: 31692955 PMCID: PMC6821468 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax9183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages drive atherosclerotic plaque progression and rupture; hence, attenuating their atherosclerosis-inducing properties holds promise for reducing coronary heart disease (CHD). Recent studies in mouse models have demonstrated that Tribbles 1 (Trib1) regulates macrophage phenotype and shows that Trib1 deficiency increases plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, suggesting that reduced TRIB1 expression mediates the strong genetic association between the TRIB1 locus and increased CHD risk in man. However, we report here that myeloid-specific Trib1 (mTrib1) deficiency reduces early atheroma formation and that mTrib1 transgene expression increases atherogenesis. Mechanistically, mTrib1 increased macrophage lipid accumulation and the expression of a critical receptor (OLR1), promoting oxidized low-density lipoprotein uptake and the formation of lipid-laden foam cells. As TRIB1 and OLR1 RNA levels were also strongly correlated in human macrophages, we suggest that a conserved, TRIB1-mediated mechanism drives foam cell formation in atherosclerotic plaque and that inhibiting mTRIB1 could be used therapeutically to reduce CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Johnston
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Adrienn Angyal
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Robert C. Bauer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5158, USA
| | - Stephen Hamby
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - S. Kim Suvarna
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Kajus Baidžajevas
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Zoltan Hegedus
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvari korut 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Szigeti ut 12, Pecs H-7624, Hungary
| | - T. Neil Dear
- Division of Biomedical Services, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Martin Turner
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | | | - Heather L. Wilson
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Daniel J. Rader
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5158, USA
| | - Carol C. Shoulders
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London and the Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Sheila E. Francis
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Endre Kiss-Toth
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
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12
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Godschalk TC, Byrne RA, Adriaenssens T, Malik N, Feldman LJ, Guagliumi G, Alfonso F, Neumann FJ, Trenk D, Joner M, Schulz C, Steg PG, Goodall AH, Wojdyla R, Dudek D, Wykrzykowska JJ, Hlinomaz O, Zaman AG, Curzen N, Dens J, Sinnaeve P, Desmet W, Gershlick AH, Kastrati A, Massberg S, Ten Berg JM. Observational Study of Platelet Reactivity in Patients Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Due to Coronary Stent Thrombosis Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Results From the European PREvention of Stent Thrombosis by an Interdisciplinary Global European Effort Registry. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 10:2548-2556. [PMID: 29268884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES High platelet reactivity (HPR) was studied in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to stent thrombosis (ST) undergoing immediate percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND HPR on P2Y12 inhibitors (HPR-ADP) is frequently observed in stable patients who have experienced ST. The HPR rates in patients presenting with ST for immediate PCI are unknown. METHODS Consecutive patients presenting with definite ST were included in a multicenter ST registry. Platelet reactivity was measured before immediate PCI with the VerifyNow P2Y12 or Aspirin assay. RESULTS Platelet reactivity was measured in 129 ST patients presenting with STEMI undergoing immediate PCI. HPR-ADP was observed in 76% of the patients, and HPR on aspirin (HPR-AA) was observed in 13% of the patients. HPR rates were similar in patients who were on maintenance P2Y12 inhibitor or aspirin since stent placement versus those without these medications. In addition, HPR-ADP was similar in patients loaded with a P2Y12 inhibitor shortly before immediate PCI versus those who were not. In contrast, HPR-AA trended to be lower in patients loaded with aspirin as compared with those not loaded. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 3 out of 4 ST patients with STEMI undergoing immediate PCI had HPR-ADP, and 13% had HPR-AA. Whether patients were on maintenance antiplatelet therapy while developing ST or loaded with P2Y12 inhibitors shortly before undergoing immediate PCI had no influence on the HPR rates. This raises concerns that the majority of patients with ST have suboptimal platelet inhibition undergoing immediate PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea C Godschalk
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands
| | - Robert A Byrne
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Tom Adriaenssens
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nikesh Malik
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Laurent J Feldman
- French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials (FACT), DHU FIRE, INSERM, U-1148, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Giulio Guagliumi
- Interventional Cardiology Division, Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fernando Alfonso
- Cardiac Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Franz-Josef Neumann
- Department of Cardiology & Angiology II, Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Trenk
- Department of Cardiology & Angiology II, Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Michael Joner
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schulz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Philippe G Steg
- French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials (FACT), DHU FIRE, INSERM, U-1148, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France; National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Wojdyla
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Dudek
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Ota Hlinomaz
- Department of Cardiology, International Clinical Research Center, St Anne Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Azfar G Zaman
- Freeman Hospital and Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Curzen
- Coronary Research Group, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Dens
- Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Peter Sinnaeve
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Walter Desmet
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anthony H Gershlick
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.
| | - Jurriën M Ten Berg
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, the Netherlands.
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13
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Wozniak MJ, Sullo N, Qureshi S, Dott W, Cardigan R, Wiltshire M, Morris T, Nath M, Bittar N, Bhudia SK, Kumar T, Goodall AH, Murphy GJ. Randomized trial of red cell washing for the prevention of transfusion-associated organ injury in cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2018; 118:689-698. [PMID: 28475670 PMCID: PMC5430295 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Experimental studies suggest that mechanical cell washing to remove pro-inflammatory components that accumulate in the supernatant of stored donor red blood cells (RBCs) might reduce inflammation and organ injury in transfused patients. Methods. Cardiac surgery patients at increased risk of large-volume RBC transfusion were eligible. Participants were randomized to receive either mechanically washed allogenic RBCs or standard care RBCs. The primary outcome was serum interleukin-8 measured at baseline and at four postsurgery time points. A mechanism substudy evaluated the effects of washing on stored RBCs in vitro and on markers of platelet, leucocyte, and endothelial activation in trial subjects. Results. Sixty adult cardiac surgery patients at three UK cardiac centres were enrolled between September 2013 and March 2015. Subjects received a median of 3.5 (interquartile range 2–5.5) RBC units, stored for a mean of 21 (sd 5.2) days, within 48 h of surgery. Mechanical washing reduced concentrations of RBC-derived microvesicles but increased cell-free haemoglobin concentrations in RBC supernatant relative to standard care RBC supernatant. There was no difference between groups with respect to perioperative serum interleukin-8 values [adjusted mean difference 0.239 (95% confidence intervals −0.231, 0.709), P=0.318] or concentrations of plasma RBC microvesicles, platelet and leucocyte activation, plasma cell-free haemoglobin, endothelial activation, or biomarkers of heart, lung, or kidney injury. Conclusions. These results do not support a hypothesis that allogenic red blood cell washing has clinical benefits in cardiac surgery. Clinical trial registration. ISRCTN 27076315.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Wozniak
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - N Sullo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - S Qureshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - W Dott
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - R Cardigan
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - M Wiltshire
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK
| | - T Morris
- Leicester Clinical Trials Unit, Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - M Nath
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - N Bittar
- Blackpool Victoria Hospital NHS Trust, Blackpool, Lancashire FY3 8NR, UK
| | - S K Bhudia
- University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - T Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - A H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - G J Murphy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
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14
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Johnston JM, Angyal A, Bauer R, Hamby SE, Suvarna SK, Baidžajevas K, Hegedus Z, Dear NT, Turner M, Wilson HL, Goodall AH, Rader DJ, Shoulders CC, Francis SE, Kiss-Toth E. P14 MYELOID TRIB1 PROMOTES EXPERIMENTAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS. Cardiovasc Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy216.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J M Johnston
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - A Angyal
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - R Bauer
- Division of Cardiology, Dept. of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Philadelphia, USA
| | - S E Hamby
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - S K Suvarna
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - K Baidžajevas
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Z Hegedus
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged & Departments of Biochemistry and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Pecs, Medical School, Hungary
| | - N T Dear
- Department of Medicine, University of Leeds, UK
| | - M Turner
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - H L Wilson
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - A H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - D J Rader
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Smilow Center for Translational Research, Philadelphia, USA
| | - C C Shoulders
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Institute, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - S E Francis
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - E Kiss-Toth
- Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, Medical School, Beech Hill Road, University of Sheffield, UK
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15
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Chand S, McCraw A, Hutton R, Tuddenham EGD, Goodall AH. A Two-Site, Monoclonal Antibody-Based Immunoassay for von Willebrand Factor -Demonstration that vWF Function Resides in a Conformational Epitope. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1661555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryTwo monoclonal antibodies (RFF-VIII: R/l and RFF-VIII:R/ 2) which recognise the same epitope on von Willebrand factor (vWF) have been used in a simple, two-site, solid-phase immunoradiometric (IRMA) or enzyme-linked assay (ELISA) to analyse vWF in plasma from normal individuals and from patients with von Willebrand’s disease (vWD). Results obtained confirm our previous findings (using RFF-VIII :R/2 in a one-site, fluid-phase IRMA) that the MAbs detect the presence of an epitope on the vWF molecule that reflects its function. This epitope is involved in vWF binding to the GPIb protein on platelets. It is reduced in all types of vWD, including type II (or variant) vWD. It is present in normal plasma, in vWF released from normal platelets and from cultured umbilical cord vein endothelial cells. The epitope is, however, found to be reduced in serum. Studies on SDS-treated vWF prove that this GPIb-binding site is dependent on the conformation of the vWF multimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chand
- The Academic Department of Immunology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - A McCraw
- Katherine Dormandy, Haemophilia Centre, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - R Hutton
- Katherine Dormandy, Haemophilia Centre, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - E G D Tuddenham
- Katherine Dormandy, Haemophilia Centre, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - A H Goodall
- The Academic Department of Immunology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison H Goodall
- The Department of Immunology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London
| | - Dominique Meyer
- The Institut de Pathologie Cellulaire, Hêpital Bicôtre, Paris, France
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17
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Murdock PJ, Woodhams BJ, Matthews KB, Pasi KJ, Goodall AH. von Willebrand Factor Activity Detected in a Monoclonal Antibody-based ELISA: an Alternative to the Ristocetin Cofactor Platelet Agglutination Assay for Diagnostic Use. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1657727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe monoclonal antibody RFF-VIII:R/1 recognises an epitope on von Willebrand factor involved in its interaction with GPIbα. A two-site, solid phase ELISA has been established using RFF-VIII:R/1 as the solid-phase, capture antibody and an enzyme-conjugated, polyclonal antibody to human VWF, which provides an assay for VWF functional activity with a detection limit of 0.5 U/dl VWF and an interassay %CV<10. Plasma from 192 VWD patients (48 studied retrospectively; 144 prospectively) showed VWF levels of <50 U/dl in type 1 patients (n = 156), <25 U/dl in type 2A (n = 26) and <35 U/dl in type 2B (n = 8) which, in type 1 and 2A patients, correlated with RiCoF activity (r >0.82). In plasma from patients with type 1 VWD values of VWF in the Mab-based ELISA were similar to levels of VWF:Ag measured in a polyclonal antibody-based ELISA (r >0.87) but were significantly lower than VWF:Ag in type 2A and 2B plasmas (p <0.0005), allowing discrimination of variant VWD. The Mab-based ELISA has advantages of sensitivity and reproducibility over the RiCoF assay to measure VWF activity and can be used to analyse stored samples. In conjunction with an ELISA for VWF:Ag and VWF multimer analysis, it provides a reliable method, for the laboratory diagnosis of VWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Murdock
- The Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre & Haemostasis Unit, Academic Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust Hospital & School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Barry J Woodhams
- The Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre & Haemostasis Unit, Academic Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust Hospital & School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kathy B Matthews
- The Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre & Haemostasis Unit, Academic Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust Hospital & School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - K John Pasi
- The Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre & Haemostasis Unit, Academic Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust Hospital & School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- The Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia Centre & Haemostasis Unit, Academic Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust Hospital & School of Medicine, London, UK
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18
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Bröijersén A, Hamsten A, Silveira A, Fatah K, Goodall AH, Eriksson S, Angelin B, Hjemdahl P. Gemfibrozil Reduces Thrombin Generation in Patients with Combined Hyperlipidaemia, without Influencing Plasma Fibrinogen, Fibrin Gel Structure or Coagulation Factor VII. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1650548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryA double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study was conducted in 21 men with combined hyperlipoproteinaemia to examine if lipid-lowering treatment with gemfibrozil (10-12 weeks) affects blood coagulation and fibrin gel structure at rest or during mental stress. Gemfibrozil lowered plasma triglycerides by 57 ± 4%, whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased by 22 ± 5%. Gemfibrozil lowered the triglyceride content of low density lipoprotein (LDL). Gemfibrozil reduced the plasma concentrations of thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and prothrombin fragment F1+2 (F1+2), both at rest and during mental stress. However, there were no effects of gemfibrozil treatment on the plasma concentrations of fibrinogen, factor VII antigen, activated factor VII (Vila) or activated factor XII (XIIa), or on fibrin gel structure. Acute mental stress per se did not influence coagulation factors, reaction products or fibrin gel structure, or their responses to the study drug. Thus, gemfibrozil reduces thrombin generation in men with combined hyperlipoproteinaemia, without influencing the plasma levels of fibrinogen, Vila and XIIa, or fibrin gel structure. Attenuation of thrombin generation may contribute to the primary-preventive effects of gemfibrozil on coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anders Hamsten
- The Atherosclerosis Research Unit, King Gustaf V Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Angela Silveira
- The Atherosclerosis Research Unit, King Gustaf V Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kamaran Fatah
- Clinical Chemistry and Blood Coagulation, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alison H Goodall
- The Vascular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Pathology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Sabina Eriksson
- The Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Angelin
- The Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Hjemdahl
- The Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Janes SL, Kyle PM, Redman C, Goodall AH. Flow Cytometric Detection of Activated Platelets in Pregnant Women Prior to the Development of Pre-Eclampsia. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryPre-eclampsia is a common complication of pregnancy, in which platelets may have an early pathogenetic role. In this prospective study a whole blood flow cytometric method has been used to detect circulating activated platelets in pregnant women prior to the development of pre-eclampsia. Activated platelets were identified by bound fibrinogen or by CD63 antigen expression. Of 121 healthy primiparous women studied at 28 weeks of pregnancy, 18 (15%) developed clinical pre-eclampsia six to thirteen weeks later. The platelets of these women showed increased fibrinogen binding ex vivo (5.1% platelets positive, compared with 3.4% in those who completed a normal pregnancy, p <0.02), and increased CD63 antigen expression (0.73% positive compared to 0.45%, p = 0.01). In contrast, no differences between the women with different outcomes were detected at 28 weeks in platelet counts, or plasma ß-thromboglobulin levels. These findings confirm that whole blood flow cytometry is a sensitive technique for investigating platelet activation in a clinical setting and support the hypothesis that platelets have a critical role in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Janes
- The Haemostasis Unit, Academic Department of Haematology, London, UK,
| | - Phillipa M Kyle
- The Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher Redman
- The Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- The Vascular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Pathology & Human Metabolism, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
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Janes SL, Wilson DJ, Chronos N, Goodall AH. Evaluation of Whole Blood Flow Cytometric Detection of Platelet Bound Fibrinogen on Normal Subjects and Patients with Activated Platelets. Thromb Haemost 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1649645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
SummaryActivated platelets can be detected by measuring platelet-bound fibrinogen in a whole blood, flow cytometric assay, using a fluorescently-conjugated polyclonal antibody.Fibrinogen binding to unstimulated platelets from normal subjects was low in this assay, as was expression of the CD63 antigen. Single cell counting of samples prepared for flow cytometric analysis showed platelet aggregates do not form during the assay procedure. Immune complexes were not seen, and fibrinogen binding to the platelets was unaffected by the CD32 MAb, IV.3. Artefactual activation of the unfixed samples could be minimised by control of phlebotomy, time and temperature of incubation. Variations in platelet count in the range 140–430 × 109 1-1 and in plasma fibrinogen in the range 2–6 g 1-1 did not affect the assay results.Comparison of fibrinogen binding with expression of CD63 antigen on normal platelets, stimulated with agonists in vitro, demonstrated that fibrinogen binding detects an earlier stage of platelet activation.Platelet bound fibrinogen was shown to be sensitive in detecting small numbers of activated platelets in clinical samples in twelve patients on intensive care, four undergoing haemofiltration. The patients had a significantly higher median percentage of circulating platelets with bound fibrinogen (p <0.005), but fibrinogen binding was significantly lower (p <0.02) in response to 10-5 M ADP, compared to twelve age-matched normal Controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Janes
- Department of Haematology, St Georges Hospital Medical School, London SW17, UK
- The Haemophilia Centre and Haemostasis Unit, Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Darren J Wilson
- Vascular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Pathology & Human Metabolism, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London 2PF, UK
- The Haemophilia Centre and Haemostasis Unit, Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Nicolas Chronos
- Vascular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Pathology & Human Metabolism, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London 2PF, UK
- The Haemophilia Centre and Haemostasis Unit, Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Vascular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Pathology & Human Metabolism, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London 2PF, UK
- The Haemophilia Centre and Haemostasis Unit, Royal Free Hospital and School of Medicine, London, UK
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Schmitz G, Rothe G, Ruf A, Barlage S, Tschöpe D, Clemetson KJ, Goodall AH, Michelson AD, Nurden AT, Shankey VT. European Working Group on Clinical Cell Analysis: Consensus Protocol for the Flow Cytometric Characterisation of Platelet Function. Thromb Haemost 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1615088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
IntroductionAn increased or disturbed activation and aggregation of platelets plays a major role in the pathophysiology of thrombosis and haemostasis and is related to cardiovascular disease processes. In addition to qualitative disturbances of platelet function, changes in thrombopoiesis or an increased elimination of platelets, (e. g., in autoimmune thrombocytopenia), are also of major clinical relevance. Flow cytometry is increasingly used for the specific characterisation of phenotypic alterations of platelets which are related to cellular activation, haemostatic function and to maturation of precursor cells. These new techniques also allow the study of the in vitro response of platelets to stimuli and the modification thereof under platelet-targeted therapy as well as the characterisation of platelet-specific antibodies. In this protocol, specific flow cytometric techniques for platelet analysis are recommended based on a description of the current state of flow cytometric methodology. These recommendations are an attempt to promote the use of these new techniques which are at present broadly evaluated for diagnostic purposes. Furthermore, the definition of the still open questions primarily related to the technical details of the method should help to promote the multi-center evaluation of procedures with the goal to finally develop standardized operation procedures as the basis of interlaboratory reproducibility when applied to diagnostic testing.
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Everett TR, Garner SF, Lees CC, Goodall AH. Immature platelet fraction analysis demonstrates a difference in thrombopoiesis between normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancies. Thromb Haemost 2017; 111:1177-9. [DOI: 10.1160/th13-09-0746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Collier MEW, Ettelaie C, Goult BT, Maraveyas A, Goodall AH. Investigation of the Filamin A-Dependent Mechanisms of Tissue Factor Incorporation into Microvesicles. Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:2034-2044. [PMID: 29044292 DOI: 10.1160/th17-01-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that phosphorylation of tissue factor (TF) at Ser253 increases the incorporation of TF into microvesicles (MVs) following protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) activation through a process involving filamin A, whereas phosphorylation of TF at Ser258 suppresses this process. Here, we examined the contribution of the individual phosphorylation of these serine residues to the interaction between filamin A and TF, and further examined how filamin A regulates the incorporation of TF into MVs. In vitro binding assays using recombinant filamin A C-terminal repeats 22-24 with biotinylated phospho-TF cytoplasmic domain peptides as bait showed that filamin A had the highest binding affinities for phospho-Ser253 and double-phosphorylated TF peptides, while the phospho-Ser258 TF peptide had the lowest affinity. Analysis of MDA-MB-231 cells using an in situ proximity ligation assay revealed increased proximity between the C-terminus of filamin A and TF following PAR2 activation, which was concurrent with Ser253 phosphorylation and TF-positive MV release from these cells. Knock-down of filamin A expression suppressed PAR2-mediated increases in cell surface TF procoagulant activity without reducing cell surface TF antigen expression. Disrupting lipid rafts by pre-incubation with methyl-β-cyclodextrin prior to PAR2 activation reduced TF-positive MV release and cell surface TF procoagulant activity to the same extent as filamin A knock-down. In conclusion, this study shows that the interaction between TF and filamin A is dependent on the differential phosphorylation of Ser253 and Ser258. Furthermore, the interaction of TF with filamin A may translocate cell surface TF to cholesterol-rich lipid rafts, increasing cell surface TF activity as well as TF incorporation and release into MVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E W Collier
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Camille Ettelaie
- Biomedical Section, School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin T Goult
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
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24
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Payne DA, Jones CI, Hayes PD, Webster SE, Ross Naylor A, Goodall AH. Platelet inhibition by aspirin is diminished in patients during carotid surgery: a form of transient aspirin resistance? Thromb Haemost 2017; 92:89-96. [PMID: 15213849 DOI: 10.1160/th03-12-0758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe majority of patients who suffer peri-operative thromboembolic complication while undergoing vascular procedures do so despite taking aspirin. This study examined the antiplatelet effect of aspirin during surgery in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Fifty patients undergoing CEA were standardised to 150 mg aspirin daily for ≥2 weeks. Platelet aggregation in response to arachidonic acid (AA) was measured in platelet rich plasma prepared from blood taken prior to, during, and at the end of surgery. Spontaneous platelet aggregation was also studied, as was the role of physiological agonists (ADP, collagen, thrombin, and epinephrine) in mediating the in vivo and in vitro responses to AA. Eighteen patients undergoing leg angioplasty, also on 150 mg aspirin, without general anaesthesia, served as a control group. In the CEA patients aggregation induced by AA (5 mM) increased significantly from 7.6 ± 5.5% pre-surgery to 50.8 ± 29.5% at the end of surgery (p <0.0001). Aggregation to AA was even greater in samples taken mid-surgery from a sub-set of patients (73.8 ± 7.2%; p = 0.0001), but fell to 45.9 ± 7.4% by the end of surgery. The increased aggregation in response to AA was not due to intra-operative release of physiological platelet agonists since addition of agents that block/neutralise the effects of ADP (apyrase; 4 µg/ml), thrombin (hirudin; 10 units/ml), or epinephrine (yohimbine; 10 µM/l) to the samples taken at the end of surgery did not block the increased aggregation.The patients undergoing angioplasty also showed a significant rise in the response to AA (5 mM), from 5.6 ± 5.5% pre-angioplasty to 32.4 ± 24.9% at the end of the procedure (p <0.0001), which fell significantly to 11.0 ± 8.1% 4 hours later. The antiplatelet activity of aspirin, mediated by blockade of platelet arachidonic acid metabolism, diminished significantly during surgery, but was partially restored by the end of the procedure without additional aspirin treatment.This rapidly inducible and transient effect may explain why some patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery remain at risk of peri-operative stroke and myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Payne
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, UK
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Ambrose AR, Alsahli MA, Kurmani SA, Goodall AH. Comparison of the release of microRNAs and extracellular vesicles from platelets in response to different agonists. Platelets 2017; 29:446-454. [PMID: 28727490 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2017.1332366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
On activation platelets release microRNAs and extracellular vesicles (EV) into circulation. The release of EV from platelets has been shown to be dependent on the agonist; in this study, we investigated whether the microRNA profile or EV released from platelets was also agonist specific. Washed platelets from healthy subjects were maximally stimulated with agonists specific for the receptors for collagen (Glycoprotein VI (GPVI)), thrombin (PAR1/PAR4), or ADP (P2Y1/P2Y12) with/without inhibiting secondary mediators, using aspirin to block cyclooxygenase-1 and apyrase to remove ADP. The released microRNAs were profiled using TaqMan microRNA microarray cards. Platelet-derived EV (pdEV) were characterized by size (Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis, NTA), for procoagulant activity (Annexin-V binding and support of thrombin generation), and for the EV markers CD63 and HSP70. Platelet activation triggered the release of 57-79 different microRNAs, dependent upon agonist, with a core of 46 microRNAs observed with all agonists. There was a high level of correlation between agonists (r2 > 0.98; p < 0.0001 for all), and with the microRNA content of the parent platelets (r2 > 0.98; p < 0.0001). The 46 microRNAs seen in all samples are predicted to have significant effects on the translation of proteins involved in endocytosis, cell cycle control, and differentiation. MiR-223-3p was the most abundant in all samples and has previously been implicated in myeloid lineage development and demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory effects. Stimulation through GPVI produced a pdEV population with significantly more procoagulant activity than the other agonists. Apyrase significantly reduced microRNA and pdEV release, while aspirin had little effect. These data suggest that all tested agonists trigger the release of a similar microRNA profile while the procoagulant activity of the pdEV was agonist dependent. ADP was shown to play an important role in the release of both microRNAs and pdEV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R Ambrose
- a Department of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital , Leicester , UK
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- a Department of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital , Leicester , UK.,b College of Applied Medical Sciences , Qassim University , KSA
| | - Sameer A Kurmani
- a Department of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital , Leicester , UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- a Department of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital , Leicester , UK
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26
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Adriaenssens T, Joner M, Godschalk TC, Malik N, Alfonso F, Xhepa E, De Cock D, Komukai K, Tada T, Cuesta J, Sirbu V, Feldman LJ, Neumann FJ, Goodall AH, Heestermans T, Buysschaert I, Hlinomaz O, Belmans A, Desmet W, Ten Berg JM, Gershlick AH, Massberg S, Kastrati A, Guagliumi G, Byrne RA. Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Patients With Coronary Stent Thrombosis: A Report of the PRESTIGE Consortium (Prevention of Late Stent Thrombosis by an Interdisciplinary Global European Effort). Circulation 2017; 136:1007-1021. [PMID: 28720725 PMCID: PMC5598909 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.026788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stent thrombosis (ST) is a serious complication following coronary stenting. Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) may provide insights into mechanistic processes leading to ST. We performed a prospective, multicenter study to evaluate OCT findings in patients with ST. METHODS Consecutive patients presenting with ST were prospectively enrolled in a registry by using a centralized telephone registration system. After angiographic confirmation of ST, OCT imaging of the culprit vessel was performed with frequency domain OCT. Clinical data were collected according to a standardized protocol. OCT acquisitions were analyzed at a core laboratory. Dominant and contributing findings were adjudicated by an imaging adjudication committee. RESULTS Two hundred thirty-one patients presenting with ST underwent OCT imaging; 14 (6.1%) had image quality precluding further analysis. Of the remaining patients, 62 (28.6%) and 155 (71.4%) presented with early and late/very late ST, respectively. The underlying stent type was a new-generation drug-eluting stent in 50.3%. Mean reference vessel diameter was 2.9±0.6 mm and mean reference vessel area was 6.8±2.6 mm2. Stent underexpansion (stent expansion index <0.8) was observed in 44.4% of patients. The predicted average probability (95% confidence interval) that any frame had uncovered (or thrombus-covered) struts was 99.3% (96.1-99.9), 96.6% (92.4-98.5), 34.3% (15.0-60.7), and 9.6% (6.2-14.5) and malapposed struts was 21.8% (8.4-45.6), 8.5% (4.6-15.3), 6.7% (2.5-16.3), and 2.0% (1.2-3.3) for acute, subacute, late, and very late ST, respectively. The most common dominant finding adjudicated for acute ST was uncovered struts (66.7% of cases); for subacute ST, the most common dominant finding was uncovered struts (61.7%) and underexpansion (25.5%); for late ST, the most common dominant finding was uncovered struts (33.3%) and severe restenosis (19.1%); and for very late ST, the most common dominant finding was neoatherosclerosis (31.3%) and uncovered struts (20.2%). In patients presenting very late ST, uncovered stent struts were a common dominant finding in drug-eluting stents, and neoatherosclerosis was a common dominant finding in bare metal stents. CONCLUSIONS In patients with ST, uncovered and malapposed struts were frequently observed with the incidence of both decreasing with longer time intervals between stent implantation and presentation. The most frequent dominant observation varied according to time intervals from index stenting: uncovered struts and underexpansion in acute/subacute ST and neoatherosclerosis and uncovered struts in late/very late ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Adriaenssens
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Michael Joner
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Thea C Godschalk
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Nikesh Malik
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Fernando Alfonso
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Erion Xhepa
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Dries De Cock
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Kenichi Komukai
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Tomohisa Tada
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Javier Cuesta
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Vasile Sirbu
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Laurent J Feldman
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Franz-Josef Neumann
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Alison H Goodall
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Ton Heestermans
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Ian Buysschaert
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Ota Hlinomaz
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Ann Belmans
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Walter Desmet
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Jurrien M Ten Berg
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Anthony H Gershlick
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Steffen Massberg
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Giulio Guagliumi
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.)
| | - Robert A Byrne
- From Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven and Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium (T.A., D.D.C., W.D.); Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany (M.J., E.X., T.T., A.K., R.A.B.); Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands (T.C.G., J.M.t.B.); Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom (N.M., A.H. Goodall, A.H. Gershlick); Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain (F.A., J.C.); Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy (K.K., V.S., G.G.); Département de Cardiologie, AP-HP, DHU FIRE, U-1148 INSERM, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France (L.J.F.); Universitäts- Herzzentrum Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Germany (F.-J.N.); Department of Cardiology, Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, The Netherlands (T.H.); Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Belgium (I.B.); Department of Cardiology, ICRC, St. Anne University Hospital, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (O.H.); Department of Biostatstics (I-BioStat), KU Leuven - University of Leuven & Universiteit Hasselt, Belgium (A.B.); Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany (S.M.); and DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.M., A.K., M.J., R.A.B.).
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Johnston JM, Angyal A, Hadadi E, Hamby SE, Bauer R, Ilyas Z, Szili D, Ariaans M, Wilson HL, Krauss RM, Rader DJ, Goodall AH, Francis SE, Kiss-Toth E. 157 Myeloid expression of trib1 regulates the polarisation state of tissue resident macrophages that has consequences on plasma lipid and metabolic homeostasis. Heart 2017. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311726.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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28
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Ilkan Z, Wright JR, Goodall AH, Gibbins JM, Jones CI, Mahaut-Smith MP. Evidence for shear-mediated Ca 2+ entry through mechanosensitive cation channels in human platelets and a megakaryocytic cell line. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:9204-9217. [PMID: 28416610 PMCID: PMC5454102 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.766196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of mechanosensitive (MS) Ca2+-permeable ion channels in platelets is unclear, despite the importance of shear stress in platelet function and life-threatening thrombus formation. We therefore sought to investigate the expression and functional relevance of MS channels in human platelets. The effect of shear stress on Ca2+ entry in human platelets and Meg-01 megakaryocytic cells loaded with Fluo-3 was examined by confocal microscopy. Cells were attached to glass coverslips within flow chambers that allowed applications of physiological and pathological shear stress. Arterial shear (1002.6 s-1) induced a sustained increase in [Ca2+] i in Meg-01 cells and enhanced the frequency of repetitive Ca2+ transients by 80% in platelets. These Ca2+ increases were abrogated by the MS channel inhibitor Grammostola spatulata mechanotoxin 4 (GsMTx-4) or by chelation of extracellular Ca2+ Thrombus formation was studied on collagen-coated surfaces using DiOC6-stained platelets. In addition, [Ca2+] i and functional responses of washed platelet suspensions were studied with Fura-2 and light transmission aggregometry, respectively. Thrombus size was reduced 50% by GsMTx-4, independently of P2X1 receptors. In contrast, GsMTx-4 had no effect on collagen-induced aggregation or on Ca2+ influx via TRPC6 or Orai1 channels and caused only a minor inhibition of P2X1-dependent Ca2+ entry. The Piezo1 agonist, Yoda1, potentiated shear-dependent platelet Ca2+ transients by 170%. Piezo1 mRNA transcripts and protein were detected with quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively, in both platelets and Meg-01 cells. We conclude that platelets and Meg-01 cells express the MS cation channel Piezo1, which may contribute to Ca2+ entry and thrombus formation under arterial shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeki Ilkan
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Joy R Wright
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom.,the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom, and
| | - Alison H Goodall
- the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom, and
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- the School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, United Kingdom
| | - Chris I Jones
- the School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AS, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn P Mahaut-Smith
- From the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom,
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29
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Garner SF, Furnell A, Kahan BC, Jones CI, Attwood A, Harrison P, Kelly AM, Goodall AH, Cardigan R, Ouwehand WH. Platelet responses to agonists in a cohort of highly characterised platelet donors are consistent over time. Vox Sang 2016; 112:18-24. [PMID: 28001309 PMCID: PMC5299478 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Platelet function shows significant inheritance that is at least partially genetically controlled. There is also evidence that the platelet response is stable over time, but there are few studies that have assessed consistency of platelet function over months and years. We aimed to measure platelet function in platelet donors over time in individuals selected from a cohort of 956 donors whose platelet function had been previously characterised. MATERIALS AND METHODS Platelet function was assessed by flow cytometry, measuring fibrinogen binding and P-selectin expression after stimulation with either cross-linked collagen-related peptide or adenosine 5'-diphosphate. Eighty-nine donors from the Cambridge Platelet Function Cohort whose platelet responses were initially within the lower or upper decile of reactivity were retested between 4 months and five and a half years later. RESULTS There was moderate-to-high correlation between the initial and repeat platelet function results for all assays (P ≤ 0·007, r2 0·2961-0·7625); furthermore, the range of results observed in the initial low and high responder groups remained significantly different at the time of the second test (P ≤ 0·0005). CONCLUSION Platelet function remains consistent over time. This implies that this potential influence on quality of donated platelet concentrates will remain essentially constant for a given donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Garner
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Furnell
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B C Kahan
- Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - C I Jones
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - A Attwood
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Harrison
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - A M Kelly
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - R Cardigan
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - W H Ouwehand
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
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30
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Jones GT, Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Gretarsdottir S, Baas AF, Giusti B, Strauss E, Van't Hof FNG, Webb TR, Erdman R, Ritchie MD, Elmore JR, Verma A, Pendergrass S, Kullo IJ, Ye Z, Peissig PL, Gottesman O, Verma SS, Malinowski J, Rasmussen-Torvik LJ, Borthwick KM, Smelser DT, Crosslin DR, de Andrade M, Ryer EJ, McCarty CA, Böttinger EP, Pacheco JA, Crawford DC, Carrell DS, Gerhard GS, Franklin DP, Carey DJ, Phillips VL, Williams MJA, Wei W, Blair R, Hill AA, Vasudevan TM, Lewis DR, Thomson IA, Krysa J, Hill GB, Roake J, Merriman TR, Oszkinis G, Galora S, Saracini C, Abbate R, Pulli R, Pratesi C, Saratzis A, Verissimo AR, Bumpstead S, Badger SA, Clough RE, Cockerill G, Hafez H, Scott DJA, Futers TS, Romaine SPR, Bridge K, Griffin KJ, Bailey MA, Smith A, Thompson MM, van Bockxmeer FM, Matthiasson SE, Thorleifsson G, Thorsteinsdottir U, Blankensteijn JD, Teijink JAW, Wijmenga C, de Graaf J, Kiemeney LA, Lindholt JS, Hughes A, Bradley DT, Stirrups K, Golledge J, Norman PE, Powell JT, Humphries SE, Hamby SE, Goodall AH, Nelson CP, Sakalihasan N, Courtois A, Ferrell RE, Eriksson P, Folkersen L, Franco-Cereceda A, Eicher JD, Johnson AD, Betsholtz C, Ruusalepp A, Franzén O, Schadt EE, Björkegren JLM, Lipovich L, Drolet AM, Verhoeven EL, Zeebregts CJ, Geelkerken RH, van Sambeek MR, van Sterkenburg SM, de Vries JP, Stefansson K, Thompson JR, de Bakker PIW, Deloukas P, Sayers RD, Harrison SC, van Rij AM, Samani NJ, Bown MJ. Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Identifies Four New Disease-Specific Risk Loci. Circ Res 2016; 120:341-353. [PMID: 27899403 PMCID: PMC5253231 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.308765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Rationale: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex disease with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Together, 6 previously identified risk loci only explain a small proportion of the heritability of AAA. Objective: To identify additional AAA risk loci using data from all available genome-wide association studies. Methods and Results: Through a meta-analysis of 6 genome-wide association study data sets and a validation study totaling 10 204 cases and 107 766 controls, we identified 4 new AAA risk loci: 1q32.3 (SMYD2), 13q12.11 (LINC00540), 20q13.12 (near PCIF1/MMP9/ZNF335), and 21q22.2 (ERG). In various database searches, we observed no new associations between the lead AAA single nucleotide polymorphisms and coronary artery disease, blood pressure, lipids, or diabetes mellitus. Network analyses identified ERG, IL6R, and LDLR as modifiers of MMP9, with a direct interaction between ERG and MMP9. Conclusions: The 4 new risk loci for AAA seem to be specific for AAA compared with other cardiovascular diseases and related traits suggesting that traditional cardiovascular risk factor management may only have limited value in preventing the progression of aneurysmal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerard Tromp
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | - Betti Giusti
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | - Ewa Strauss
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | - Thomas R Webb
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | - Robert Erdman
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | - Anurag Verma
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | - Zi Ye
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Evan J Ryer
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David J Carey
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | - Wenhua Wei
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | - Ross Blair
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | - Andrew A Hill
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | - David R Lewis
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | - Ian A Thomson
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | - Jo Krysa
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | - Justin Roake
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | - Silvia Galora
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | - Carlo Pratesi
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hany Hafez
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marc A Bailey
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | - Alberto Smith
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anne Hughes
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | - Paul E Norman
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Per Eriksson
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | - John D Eicher
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | | | - Oscar Franzén
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | - Eric E Schadt
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
| | | | | | - Anne M Drolet
- For the author affiliations, please see the Appendix
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Ehret GB, Ferreira T, Chasman DI, Jackson AU, Schmidt EM, Johnson T, Thorleifsson G, Luan J, Donnelly LA, Kanoni S, Petersen AK, Pihur V, Strawbridge RJ, Shungin D, Hughes MF, Meirelles O, Kaakinen M, Bouatia-Naji N, Kristiansson K, Shah S, Kleber ME, Guo X, Lyytikäinen LP, Fava C, Eriksson N, Nolte IM, Magnusson PK, Salfati EL, Rallidis LS, Theusch E, Smith AJ, Folkersen L, Witkowska K, Pers TH, Joehanes R, Kim SK, Lataniotis L, Jansen R, Johnson AD, Warren H, Kim YJ, Zhao W, Wu Y, Tayo BO, Bochud M, Absher D, Adair LS, Amin N, Arking DE, Axelsson T, Baldassarre D, Balkau B, Bandinelli S, Barnes MR, Barroso I, Bevan S, Bis JC, Bjornsdottir G, Boehnke M, Boerwinkle E, Bonnycastle LL, Boomsma DI, Bornstein SR, Brown MJ, Burnier M, Cabrera CP, Chambers JC, Chang IS, Cheng CY, Chines PS, Chung RH, Collins FS, Connell JM, Döring A, Dallongeville J, Danesh J, de Faire U, Delgado G, Dominiczak AF, Doney AS, Drenos F, Edkins S, Eicher JD, Elosua R, Enroth S, Erdmann J, Eriksson P, Esko T, Evangelou E, Evans A, Fall T, Farrall M, Felix JF, Ferrières J, Ferrucci L, Fornage M, Forrester T, Franceschini N, Duran OHF, Franco-Cereceda A, Fraser RM, Ganesh SK, Gao H, Gertow K, Gianfagna F, Gigante B, Giulianini F, Goel A, Goodall AH, Goodarzi MO, Gorski M, Gräßler J, Groves C, Gudnason V, Gyllensten U, Hallmans G, Hartikainen AL, Hassinen M, Havulinna AS, Hayward C, Hercberg S, Herzig KH, Hicks AA, Hingorani AD, Hirschhorn JN, Hofman A, Holmen J, Holmen OL, Hottenga JJ, Howard P, Hsiung CA, Hunt SC, Ikram MA, Illig T, Iribarren C, Jensen RA, Kähönen M, Kang H, Kathiresan S, Keating BJ, Khaw KT, Kim YK, Kim E, Kivimaki M, Klopp N, Kolovou G, Komulainen P, Kooner JS, Kosova G, Krauss RM, Kuh D, Kutalik Z, Kuusisto J, Kvaløy K, Lakka TA, Lee NR, Lee IT, Lee WJ, Levy D, Li X, Liang KW, Lin H, Lin L, Lindström J, Lobbens S, Männistö S, Müller G, Müller-Nurasyid M, Mach F, Markus HS, Marouli E, McCarthy MI, McKenzie CA, Meneton P, Menni C, Metspalu A, Mijatovic V, Moilanen L, Montasser ME, Morris AD, Morrison AC, Mulas A, Nagaraja R, Narisu N, Nikus K, O'Donnell CJ, O'Reilly PF, Ong KK, Paccaud F, Palmer CD, Parsa A, Pedersen NL, Penninx BW, Perola M, Peters A, Poulter N, Pramstaller PP, Psaty BM, Quertermous T, Rao DC, Rasheed A, Rayner NWN, Renström F, Rettig R, Rice KM, Roberts R, Rose LM, Rossouw J, Samani NJ, Sanna S, Saramies J, Schunkert H, Sebert S, Sheu WHH, Shin YA, Sim X, Smit JH, Smith AV, Sosa MX, Spector TD, Stančáková A, Stanton A, Stirrups KE, Stringham HM, Sundstrom J, Swift AJ, Syvänen AC, Tai ES, Tanaka T, Tarasov KV, Teumer A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Tobin MD, Tremoli E, Uitterlinden AG, Uusitupa M, Vaez A, Vaidya D, van Duijn CM, van Iperen EP, Vasan RS, Verwoert GC, Virtamo J, Vitart V, Voight BF, Vollenweider P, Wagner A, Wain LV, Wareham NJ, Watkins H, Weder AB, Westra HJ, Wilks R, Wilsgaard T, Wilson JF, Wong TY, Yang TP, Yao J, Yengo L, Zhang W, Zhao JH, Zhu X, Bovet P, Cooper RS, Mohlke KL, Saleheen D, Lee JY, Elliott P, Gierman HJ, Willer CJ, Franke L, Hovingh GK, Taylor KD, Dedoussis G, Sever P, Wong A, Lind L, Assimes TL, Njølstad I, Schwarz PEH, Langenberg C, Snieder H, Caulfield MJ, Melander O, Laakso M, Saltevo J, Rauramaa R, Tuomilehto J, Ingelsson E, Lehtimäki T, Hveem K, Palmas W, März W, Kumari M, Salomaa V, Chen YDI, Rotter JI, Froguel P, Jarvelin MR, Lakatta EG, Kuulasmaa K, Franks PW, Hamsten A, Wichmann HE, Palmer CN, Stefansson K, Ridker PM, Loos RJ, Chakravarti A, Deloukas P, Morris AP, Newton-Cheh C, Munroe PB. The genetics of blood pressure regulation and its target organs from association studies in 342,415 individuals. Nat Genet 2016; 48:1171-1184. [PMID: 27618452 PMCID: PMC5042863 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure-associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association signals. The 66 index SNPs were enriched for cis-regulatory elements, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, consistent with a primary role in blood pressure control through modulation of vascular tone across multiple tissues. The 66 index SNPs combined in a risk score showed comparable effects in 64,421 individuals of non-European descent. The 66-SNP blood pressure risk score was significantly associated with target organ damage in multiple tissues but with minor effects in the kidney. Our findings expand current knowledge of blood pressure-related pathways and highlight tissues beyond the classical renal system in blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg B. Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Teresa Ferreira
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Daniel I. Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Anne U. Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ellen M. Schmidt
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Toby Johnson
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, UK
| | | | - Jian'an Luan
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Lousie A. Donnelly
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Stavroula Kanoni
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ann-Kristin Petersen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Vasyl Pihur
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rona J. Strawbridge
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Maria F. Hughes
- Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT126JP, UK
| | - Osorio Meirelles
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Marika Kaakinen
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nabila Bouatia-Naji
- INSERM UMR970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center PARCC, 56 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- University Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 rue de l'Ecole de medicine, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Kati Kristiansson
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sonia Shah
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Marcus E. Kleber
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Cristiano Fava
- University of Lund, Dept Internal Medicine, Malmo, SE 20502, Sweden
- University of Verona, Dept of Internal Medicine, Verona, Italy 37134
| | - Niclas Eriksson
- Uppsala University, Uppsala Clinical Research Center, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ilja M. Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrik K. Magnusson
- Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elias L. Salfati
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Loukianos S. Rallidis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Theusch
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Andrew J.P. Smith
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kate Witkowska
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Tune H. Pers
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic, Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, 2300, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roby Joehanes
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Stuart K. Kim
- Dept. Dev. Bio. And Genetics, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lazaros Lataniotis
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Helen Warren
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Zhao
- Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Pennyslvania, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Bamidele O. Tayo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Devin Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35086, USA
| | - Linda S. Adair
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015CN, The Netherlands
| | - Dan E. Arking
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tomas Axelsson
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Damiano Baldassarre
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Beverley Balkau
- INSERM Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Villejuif, France University Paris-Sud, URMS 1018, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Michael R. Barnes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Inês Barroso
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Level 4, Institute of Metabolic Science Box 289 Addenbrookes Hospital Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Stephen Bevan
- School of Life Science, University of Lincoln, Joseph Banks Laboratories, Lincoln LN6 7DL, UK
| | - Joshua C. Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | | | - Michael Boehnke
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dorret I. Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Dept of Medicine III, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Morris J. Brown
- The Barts Heart Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Michel Burnier
- Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Bugnon 17, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudia P. Cabrera
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - John C. Chambers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - I-Shou Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228
| | - Peter S. Chines
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ren-Hua Chung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Francis S. Collins
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John M. Connell
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Angela Döring
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | | | - John Danesh
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
- NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Ulf de Faire
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graciela Delgado
- Vth Department of Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anna F. Dominiczak
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow, G12 8QT, UK
| | - Alex S.F. Doney
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Sarah Edkins
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK
| | - John D. Eicher
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics. IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universiät zu Lübeck, RatzeburgerAllee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), partner site Hamburg, Kiel, Lübeck, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Per Eriksson
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tonu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
- Divisions of Endocrinology/Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Alun Evans
- Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queens University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT126JP, UK
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Martin Farrall
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Janine F. Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean Ferrières
- Toulouse University School of Medicine, Rangueil University Hospital, INSERM UMR1027, Toulouse, France
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Terrence Forrester
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Oscar H. Franco Duran
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anders Franco-Cereceda
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina Medical School, Ioannina, 45110, Greece
| | - Ross M. Fraser
- Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
- Synpromics Ltd, 9 Bioquarter, Little France Road, Edinburgh, EH16 4UX, Scotland
| | - Santhi K. Ganesh
- University of Michigan Medical School, 7220 MSRB III, Ann Arbor MI 48109, USA
| | - He Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Karl Gertow
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesco Gianfagna
- EPIMED Research Centre - Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo NEUROMED, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Bruna Gigante
- Division of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Anuj Goel
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Mark O. Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Gräßler
- Department of Medicine III, Division Pathobiochemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christopher Groves
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Ulf Gyllensten
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, University of Uppsala, Box 815, Biomerical center, 751 08 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Anna-Liisa Hartikainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Maija Hassinen
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aki S. Havulinna
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caroline Hayward
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Scotland, UK
| | - Serge Hercberg
- UREN, INSERM U557, INRA U1125, CNAM, SMBH, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris 13, Bobigny, France
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, Aapistie 5A, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, 39100, Italy - affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Aroon D. Hingorani
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Joel N. Hirschhorn
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USA
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jostein Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Oddgeir Lingaas Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
- St. Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jouke-Jan Hottenga
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Phil Howard
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Chao A. Hsiung
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes. 35 Keyan Rd., Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Steven C. Hunt
- Cardiovascular Genetics Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - M. Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Illig
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Institute for Human Genetics, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hanover, Germany
| | | | - Richard A. Jensen
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere 33521, Finland
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Brendan J. Keating
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kay-Tee Khaw
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK
| | - Yun Kyoung Kim
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eric Kim
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, LABioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Mika Kivimaki
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Norman Klopp
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Hannover Unified Biobank, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Genovefa Kolovou
- 1st Cardiology Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center 356, Sygrou Ave, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Jaspal S. Kooner
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Gulum Kosova
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ronald M. Krauss
- Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Diana Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Zoltan Kutalik
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsti Kvaløy
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Timo A Lakka
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nanette R. Lee
- Office of Population Studies Foundation Inc., Talamban, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines
- Department of Anthropology, Sociology, and History, University of San Carlos, Talamban, Cebu City, 6000, Philippines
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Kae-Woei Liang
- Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, 40705, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Honghuang Lin
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stéphane Lobbens
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508 Lille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, 1 rue du Prof Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Satu Männistö
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriele Müller
- Center for Evidence-based Healthcare, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München 81377, Germany
| | - François Mach
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
| | - Hugh S. Markus
- Neurology Unit, University of Cambridge, R3, Box 83, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, Cb2 0QQ, UK
| | - Eirini Marouli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Str, Athens, Greece
| | - Mark I. McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Colin A. McKenzie
- Tropical Metabolism Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Pierre Meneton
- INSERM U1142 LIMICS, UMR_S 1142 Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Université Paris 13, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Vladan Mijatovic
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Leena Moilanen
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - May E. Montasser
- Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Andrew D. Morris
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Alanna C. Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Suite 453E, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Antonella Mulas
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monseratto, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | - Ramaiah Nagaraja
- Laboratory of Genetics, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kjell Nikus
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland
- School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Christopher J. O'Donnell
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul F. O'Reilly
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Ken K. Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fred Paccaud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cameron D. Palmer
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Divisions of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Genetics and Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Afshin Parsa
- Department of Medicine, Program for Personalized and Genomic Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Nancy L. Pedersen
- Dept of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brenda W. Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, Neuroscience Campus, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Markus Perola
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Estonia
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Neil Poulter
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, 39100, Italy - affiliated institute of the University of Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, General Central Hospital, Bolzano, 39100, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dabeeru C. Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Asif Rasheed
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N William N.W.R. Rayner
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, CB10 1SA, Hinxton, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Frida Renström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer Rettig
- Institute of Physiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kenneth M. Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Robert Roberts
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre Ontario, Canada
- Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lynda M. Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jacques Rossouw
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge Ave., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nilesh J. Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Serena Sanna
- Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Cittadella Universitaria di Monseratto, Monserrato, Cagliari 09042, Italy
| | | | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Germany
- Technische Universität München, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), München, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, Germany
| | - Sylvain Sebert
- Biocenter Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, Aapistie 5A, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Center For Life-course Health Research, P.O.Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Wayne H.-H. Sheu
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 40705, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Young-Ah Shin
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Xueling Sim
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117597
| | - Johannes H. Smit
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute, Neuroscience Campus, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert V. Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Maria X. Sosa
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tim D. Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alena Stančáková
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alice Stanton
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Kathleen E. Stirrups
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Heather M. Stringham
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Johan Sundstrom
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amy J. Swift
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - E-Shyong Tai
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117597
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore MD, USA
| | - Kirill V. Tarasov
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Martin D. Tobin
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Andre G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of internal medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3000CA, The Netherlands
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
- Research Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Dhananjay Vaidya
- Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 1830 East Monument St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Cornelia M. van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre of Medical Systems Biology (CMSB 1-2), NGI Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik P.A. van Iperen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramachandran S. Vasan
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- Section of Preventive medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, 02446 MA, USA
| | - Germaine C. Verwoert
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O.Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jarmo Virtamo
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Veronique Vitart
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Scotland, UK
| | - Benjamin F. Voight
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Internal medicine, University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aline Wagner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA3430, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Louise V. Wain
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, University Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Hugh Watkins
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Alan B. Weder
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Harm-Jan Westra
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700RB, The Netherlands
| | - Rainford Wilks
- Epidemiology Research Unit, Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - James F. Wilson
- Institute for Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, Scotland
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU Scotland, UK
| | - Tien Y. Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 168751, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228
| | - Tsun-Po Yang
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Loic Yengo
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508 Lille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, 1 rue du Prof Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Ealing Hospital NHS Trust, Uxbridge Road, Southall, Middlesex UB1 3EU, UK
| | - Jing Hua Zhao
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Pascal Bovet
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Route de la Corniche 10, 1010 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ministry of Health, Victoria, Republic of Seychelles
| | - Richard S. Cooper
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Karen L. Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Danish Saleheen
- Center for Non-Communicable Diseases, Karachi, Pakistan
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Center for Genome Science, National Institute of Health, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Paul Elliott
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Hinco J. Gierman
- Dept. Dev. Bio. And Genetics, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Enterprise Informatics, Illumina Inc., Santa Clara CA, 95050, USA
| | - Cristen J. Willer
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lude Franke
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, 9711, The Netherlands
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- Dept Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kent D. Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Dietetics-Nutrition, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Str, Athens, Greece
| | - Peter Sever
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Andrew Wong
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, London, WC1B 5JU, UK
| | - Lars Lind
- Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Peter EH. Schwarz
- Dept of Medicine III, University of Dresden, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Caulfield
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Olle Melander
- University of Lund, Dept Internal Medicine, Malmo, SE 20502, Sweden
| | - Markku Laakso
- Department of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Saltevo
- Department of Medicine, Central Finland Health Care District, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Rainer Rauramaa
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, 15462 Kuwait
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Vascular Prevention, Danube-University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere 33520, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Tampere School of Medicine, Tampere 33014, Finland
| | - Kristian Hveem
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Walter Palmas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 622 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Winfried März
- Synlab Academy, Synlab Services GmbH, P5, 7, 68161 Mannheim, Germany
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Meena Kumari
- Genetic Epidemiology Group, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yii-Der I. Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), FR 3508 Lille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 8199, Lille Pasteur Institute, 1 rue du Prof Calmette, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
- Lille 2 University, Lille, France
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Biocenter Oulu, P.O.Box 5000, Aapistie 5A, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- Center For Life-course Health Research, P.O.Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK
- Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, P.O.Box 20, FI-90220 Oulu, 90029 OYS, Finland
| | - Edward G. Lakatta
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paul W. Franks
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anders Hamsten
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H.-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München 81377, Germany
- Grosshadern, Klinikum, München 81377, Germany
| | - Colin N.A. Palmer
- Medical Research Institute, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics/Amgen, Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 900 Commonwealth Ave. East, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruth J.F. Loos
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mindich Child health Development Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrew P. Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GA, UK
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Patricia B. Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Harrison
- a Institute of Inflammation and Ageing , College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- b Department of Cardiovascular Sciences , University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital , Leicester , UK
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Wright JR, Amisten S, Goodall AH, Mahaut-Smith MP. Transcriptomic analysis of the ion channelome of human platelets and megakaryocytic cell lines. Thromb Haemost 2016; 116:272-84. [PMID: 27277069 PMCID: PMC5080539 DOI: 10.1160/th15-11-0891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels have crucial roles in all cell types and represent important therapeutic targets. Approximately 20 ion channels have been reported in human platelets; however, no systematic study has been undertaken to define the platelet channelome. These membrane proteins need only be expressed at low copy number to influence function and may not be detected using proteomic or transcriptomic microarray approaches. In our recent work, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) provided key evidence that Kv1.3 is responsible for the voltage-dependent K+ conductance of platelets and megakaryocytes. The present study has expanded this approach to assess relative expression of 402 ion channels and channel regulatory genes in human platelets and three megakaryoblastic/erythroleukaemic cell lines. mRNA levels in platelets are low compared to other blood cells, therefore an improved method of isolating platelets was developed. This used a cocktail of inhibitors to prevent formation of leukocyte-platelet aggregates, and a combination of positive and negative immunomagnetic cell separation, followed by rapid extraction of mRNA. Expression of 34 channel-related transcripts was quantified in platelets, including 24 with unknown roles in platelet function, but that were detected at levels comparable to ion channels with established roles in haemostasis or thrombosis. Trace expression of a further 50 ion channel genes was also detected. More extensive channelomes were detected in MEG-01, CHRF-288-11 and HEL cells (195, 185 and 197 transcripts, respectively), but lacked several channels observed in the platelet. These "channelome" datasets provide an important resource for further studies of ion channel function in the platelet and megakaryocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Martyn P Mahaut-Smith
- Prof. Martyn Mahaut-Smith, PhD, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Henry Wellcome Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, LEI 7RH, UK, Tel.: +44 116 229 7135, E-mail:
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Malik N, Shah CM, Goodall AH, Gershlick AH. 12 Understanding factors in the development of stent thrombosis: results from a large UK cohort study. Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309588.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Malik N, Shah CM, Goodall AH, Gershlick AH. 38 Development of a rabbit iliac model for testing the bio-neutrality of novel coronary stents and scaffolds. Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2016-309588.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kurmani S, Krishnan U, Erridge C, Goodall AH. Activated platelets promote foam cell generation in monocytes. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Riegger J, Byrne RA, Joner M, Chandraratne S, Gershlick AH, Ten Berg JM, Adriaenssens T, Guagliumi G, Godschalk TC, Neumann FJ, Trenk D, Feldman LJ, Steg PG, Desmet W, Alfonso F, Goodall AH, Wojdyla R, Dudek D, Philippi V, Opinaldo S, Titova A, Malik N, Cotton J, Jhagroe DA, Heestermans AACM, Sinnaeve P, Vermeersch P, Valina C, Schulz C, Kastrati A, Massberg S. Histopathological evaluation of thrombus in patients presenting with stent thrombosis. A multicenter European study: a report of the prevention of late stent thrombosis by an interdisciplinary global European effort consortium. Eur Heart J 2015; 37:1538-49. [PMID: 26761950 PMCID: PMC4872283 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stent thrombosis (ST) is a rare but serious complication following percutaneous coronary intervention. Analysis of thrombus composition from patients undergoing catheter thrombectomy may provide important insights into the pathological processes leading to thrombus formation. We performed a large-scale multicentre study to evaluate thrombus specimens in patients with ST across Europe. METHODS Patients presenting with ST and undergoing thrombus aspiration were eligible for inclusion. Thrombus collection was performed according to a standardized protocol and specimens were analysed histologically at a core laboratory. Serial tissue cross sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Carstairs and Luna. Immunohistochemistry was performed to identify leukocyte subsets, prothrombotic neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), erythrocytes, platelets, and fibrinogen. RESULTS Overall 253 thrombus specimens were analysed; 79 (31.2%) from patients presenting with early ST, 174 (68.8%) from late ST; 79 (31.2%) were from bare metal stents, 166 (65.6%) from drug-eluting stents, 8 (3.2%) were from stents of unknown type. Thrombus specimens displayed heterogeneous morphology with platelet-rich thrombus and fibrin/fibrinogen fragments most abundant; mean platelet coverage was 57% of thrombus area. Leukocyte infiltrations were hallmarks of both early and late ST (early: 2260 ± 1550 per mm(2) vs. late: 2485 ± 1778 per mm(2); P = 0.44); neutrophils represented the most prominent subset (early: 1364 ± 923 per mm(2) vs. late: 1428 ± 1023 per mm(2); P = 0.81). Leukocyte counts were significantly higher compared with a control group of patients with thrombus aspiration in spontaneous myocardial infarction. Neutrophil extracellular traps were observed in 23% of samples. Eosinophils were present in all stent types, with higher numbers in patients with late ST in sirolimus-and everolimus-eluting stents. CONCLUSION In a large-scale study of histological thrombus analysis from patients presenting with ST, thrombus specimens displayed heterogeneous morphology. Recruitment of leukocytes, particularly neutrophils, appears to be a hallmark of ST. The presence of NETs supports their pathophysiological relevance. Eosinophil recruitment suggests an allergic component to the process of ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Riegger
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert A Byrne
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik an der Technische, Universität München, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Michael Joner
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik an der Technische, Universität München, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany CVPath Institute, Gaithersburg, USA
| | - Sue Chandraratne
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Anthony H Gershlick
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Jurrien M Ten Berg
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Adriaenssens
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Thea C Godschalk
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dietmar Trenk
- Universitäts-Herzzentrum Freiburg Bad Krozingen, Germany
| | - Laurent J Feldman
- INSERM, U-1148, Paris, France DHU FIRE, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Gabriel Steg
- INSERM, U-1148, Paris, France DHU FIRE, Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP, Paris, France Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France NHLI, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Walter Desmet
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Roman Wojdyla
- Samodzielny Publiczny Zaklad Opieki Zdrowotnej Szpital Uniwersytecki w Krakowie, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dariusz Dudek
- Samodzielny Publiczny Zaklad Opieki Zdrowotnej Szpital Uniwersytecki w Krakowie, Krakow, Poland
| | - Vanessa Philippi
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sheryl Opinaldo
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Titova
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikesh Malik
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and Leicester NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - James Cotton
- The Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Heart and Lung Centre, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK
| | - Darshni A Jhagroe
- Department of Cardiology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter Sinnaeve
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Vermeersch
- Antwerp Cardiovascular Institute, ZNA Middelheim, Lindendreef 1, Antwerpen B-2020, Belgium
| | | | - Christian Schulz
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Klinik an der Technische, Universität München, Lazarettstrasse 36, Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Marchioninistrasse 15, Munich 81377, Germany DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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38
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Christofidou P, Nelson CP, Nikpay M, Qu L, Li M, Loley C, Debiec R, Braund PS, Denniff M, Charchar FJ, Arjo AR, Trégouët DA, Goodall AH, Cambien F, Ouwehand WH, Roberts R, Schunkert H, Hengstenberg C, Reilly MP, Erdmann J, McPherson R, König IR, Thompson JR, Samani NJ, Tomaszewski M. Runs of Homozygosity: Association with Coronary Artery Disease and Gene Expression in Monocytes and Macrophages. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 97:228-37. [PMID: 26166477 PMCID: PMC4573243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Runs of homozygosity (ROHs) are recognized signature of recessive inheritance. Contributions of ROHs to the genetic architecture of coronary artery disease and regulation of gene expression in cells relevant to atherosclerosis are not known. Our combined analysis of 24,320 individuals from 11 populations of white European ethnicity showed an association between coronary artery disease and both the count and the size of ROHs. Individuals with coronary artery disease had approximately 0.63 (95% CI: 0.4-0.8) excess of ROHs when compared to coronary-artery-disease-free control subjects (p = 1.49 × 10(-9)). The average total length of ROHs was approximately 1,046.92 (95% CI: 634.4-1,459.5) kb greater in individuals with coronary artery disease than control subjects (p = 6.61 × 10(-7)). None of the identified individual ROHs was associated with coronary artery disease after correction for multiple testing. However, in aggregate burden analysis, ROHs favoring increased risk of coronary artery disease were much more common than those showing the opposite direction of association with coronary artery disease (p = 2.69 × 10(-33)). Individual ROHs showed significant associations with monocyte and macrophage expression of genes in their close proximity-subjects with several individual ROHs showed significant differences in the expression of 44 mRNAs in monocytes and 17 mRNAs in macrophages when compared to subjects without those ROHs. This study provides evidence for an excess of homozygosity in coronary artery disease in outbred populations and suggest the potential biological relevance of ROHs in cells of importance to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Majid Nikpay
- Ruddy Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Atherogenomics Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 3V5, Canada
| | - Liming Qu
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christina Loley
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Radoslaw Debiec
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Peter S Braund
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Matthew Denniff
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied and Biomedical Sciences, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia
| | - Ares Rocanin Arjo
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris 75013, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris 75013, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University, Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, Paris 75013, France
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris 75013, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris 75013, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University, Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, Paris 75013, France
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Francois Cambien
- ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris 75013, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Paris 75013, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University, Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, Paris 75013, France
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge and NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge CB2 0PT, UK; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Robert Roberts
- Ruddy Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Atherogenomics Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 3V5, Canada
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich 80636, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich 80636, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), Munich 80636, Germany
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19148, USA
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Ruth McPherson
- Ruddy Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada; Atherogenomics Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON K1Y 3V5, Canada
| | - Inke R König
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - John R Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK.
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39
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Tsaprouni LG, Yang TP, Bell J, Dick KJ, Kanoni S, Nisbet J, Viñuela A, Grundberg E, Nelson CP, Meduri E, Buil A, Cambien F, Hengstenberg C, Erdmann J, Schunkert H, Goodall AH, Ouwehand WH, Dermitzakis E, Spector TD, Samani NJ, Deloukas P. Cigarette smoking reduces DNA methylation levels at multiple genomic loci but the effect is partially reversible upon cessation. Epigenetics 2015; 9:1382-96. [PMID: 25424692 DOI: 10.4161/15592294.2014.969637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor in many diseases. Genome wide association studies have linked genes for nicotine dependence and smoking behavior to increased risk of cardiovascular, pulmonary, and malignant diseases. We conducted an epigenome wide association study in peripheral-blood DNA in 464 individuals (22 current smokers and 263 ex-smokers), using the Human Methylation 450 K array. Upon replication in an independent sample of 356 twins (41 current and 104 ex-smokers), we identified 30 probes in 15 distinct loci, all of which reached genome-wide significance in the combined analysis P < 5 × 10(-8). All but one probe (cg17024919) remained significant after adjusting for blood cell counts. We replicated all 9 known loci and found an independent signal at CPOX near GPR15. In addition, we found 6 new loci at PRSS23, AVPR1B, PSEN2, LINC00299, RPS6KA2, and KIAA0087. Most of the lead probes (13 out of 15) associated with cigarette smoking, overlapped regions of open chromatin (FAIRE and DNaseI hypersensitive sites) or/and H3K27Ac peaks (ENCODE data set), which mark regulatory elements. The effect of smoking on DNA methylation was partially reversible upon smoking cessation for longer than 3 months. We report the first statistically significant interaction between a SNP (rs2697768) and cigarette smoking on DNA methylation (cg03329539). We provide evidence that the metSNP for cg03329539 regulates expression of the CHRND gene located circa 95 Kb downstream of the methylation site. Our findings suggest the existence of dynamic, reversible site-specific methylation changes in response to cigarette smoking , which may contribute to the extended health risks associated with cigarette smoking.
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Key Words
- AHRR, aryl-hydrocarbon receptor repressor
- ALPP, alkaline phosphatase, placental
- AVPR1B, arginine vasopressin
- CHRND
- CHRND, cholinergic nicotinic receptor
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CPOX
- CPOX, coproporphyrinogen oxidase
- DNA methylation
- DNMT, DNA methyltransferase
- EWAS, epigenome wide association study
- FDR, false discovery rate
- GWAS, genome-wide association studies
- PRSS23, serine protease 23
- PSEN2, presenilin-2 gene
- RPS6KA2, ribosomal protein S6 kinase
- epigenome-wide screen
- gene network
- metQTL, methylation quantitative trait loci
- metQTLs
- rs2697768
- smoking
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40
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Everett TR, Wilkinson IB, Mahendru AA, McEniery CM, Garner SF, Goodall AH, Lees CC. S-Nitrosoglutathione improves haemodynamics in early-onset pre-eclampsia. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 78:660-9. [PMID: 24627995 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To determine the effects of in vivo S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) infusion on cardiovascular function, platelet function, proteinuria and biomarker parameters in early-onset pre-eclampsia. METHODS We performed an open-label dose-ranging study of GSNO in early-onset pre-eclampsia. Six women underwent GSNO infusion whilst receiving standard therapy. The dose of GSNO was increased incrementally to 100 μg min(-1) whilst maintaining blood pressure of >140/80 mmHg. Aortic augmentation index, aortic pulse wave velocity, blood pressure and maternal-fetal Doppler parameters were measured at each dose. Platelet P-selectin, protein-to-creatinine ratio and soluble anti-angiogenic factors were measured pre- and postinfusion. RESULTS Augmentation index fell at 30 μg min(-1) S-nitrosoglutathione (-6%, 95% confidence interval 0.6 to 13%), a dose that did not affect blood pressure. Platelet P-selectin expression was reduced [mean (interquartile range), 6.3 (4.9-7.6) vs. 4.1 (3.1-5.7)% positive, P = 0.03]. Soluble endoglin levels showed borderline reduction (P = 0.06). There was a borderline significant change in pre-to-postinfusion protein-to-creatinine ratio [mean (interquartile range), 0.37 (0.09-0.82) vs. 0.23 (0.07-0.49) g mmol(-1) , P = 0.06]. Maternal uterine and fetal Doppler pulsatility indices were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS In early-onset pre-eclampsia, GSNO reduces augmentation index, a biomarker of small vessel tone and pulse wave reflection, prior to affecting blood pressure. Proteinuria and platelet activation are improved at doses that affect blood pressure minimally. These effects of GSNO may be of therapeutic potential in pre-eclampsia, a condition for which no specific treatment exists. Clinical studies of GSNO in early-onset pre-eclampsia will determine whether these findings translate to improvement in maternal and/or fetal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Everett
- Fetal Medicine Department, Rosie Hospital, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Cox
- Haemophilia Centre, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK
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42
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Germain M, Chasman DI, de Haan H, Tang W, Lindström S, Weng LC, de Andrade M, de Visser MCH, Wiggins KL, Suchon P, Saut N, Smadja DM, Le Gal G, van Hylckama Vlieg A, Di Narzo A, Hao K, Nelson CP, Rocanin-Arjo A, Folkersen L, Monajemi R, Rose LM, Brody JA, Slagboom E, Aïssi D, Gagnon F, Deleuze JF, Deloukas P, Tzourio C, Dartigues JF, Berr C, Taylor KD, Civelek M, Eriksson P, Psaty BM, Houwing-Duitermaat J, Goodall AH, Cambien F, Kraft P, Amouyel P, Samani NJ, Basu S, Ridker PM, Rosendaal FR, Kabrhel C, Folsom AR, Heit J, Reitsma PH, Trégouët DA, Smith NL, Morange PE. Meta-analysis of 65,734 individuals identifies TSPAN15 and SLC44A2 as two susceptibility loci for venous thromboembolism. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:532-42. [PMID: 25772935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), the third leading cause of cardiovascular mortality, is a complex thrombotic disorder with environmental and genetic determinants. Although several genetic variants have been found associated with VTE, they explain a minor proportion of VTE risk in cases. We undertook a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to identify additional VTE susceptibility genes. Twelve GWASs totaling 7,507 VTE case subjects and 52,632 control subjects formed our discovery stage where 6,751,884 SNPs were tested for association with VTE. Nine loci reached the genome-wide significance level of 5 × 10(-8) including six already known to associate with VTE (ABO, F2, F5, F11, FGG, and PROCR) and three unsuspected loci. SNPs mapping to these latter were selected for replication in three independent case-control studies totaling 3,009 VTE-affected individuals and 2,586 control subjects. This strategy led to the identification and replication of two VTE-associated loci, TSPAN15 and SLC44A2, with lead risk alleles associated with odds ratio for disease of 1.31 (p = 1.67 × 10(-16)) and 1.21 (p = 2.75 × 10(-15)), respectively. The lead SNP at the TSPAN15 locus is the intronic rs78707713 and the lead SLC44A2 SNP is the non-synonymous rs2288904 previously shown to associate with transfusion-related acute lung injury. We further showed that these two variants did not associate with known hemostatic plasma markers. TSPAN15 and SLC44A2 do not belong to conventional pathways for thrombosis and have not been associated to other cardiovascular diseases nor related quantitative biomarkers. Our findings uncovered unexpected actors of VTE etiology and pave the way for novel mechanistic concepts of VTE pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Germain
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1166, 75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, 75013 Paris, France; Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hugoline de Haan
- Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Sara Lindström
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lu-Chen Weng
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Marieke C H de Visser
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kerri L Wiggins
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Pierre Suchon
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, 13385 Marseille, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, 13385 Marseille, France; Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Aix-Marseille University, UMR_S 1062, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Noémie Saut
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, 13385 Marseille, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, 13385 Marseille, France; Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Aix-Marseille University, UMR_S 1062, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - David M Smadja
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France; AP-HP, Hopital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service d'Hématologie Biologique, 75015 Paris, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, INSERM, UMR_S 1140, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Grégoire Le Gal
- Université de Brest, EA3878 and CIC1412, 29238 Brest, France; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute at the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada
| | - Astrid van Hylckama Vlieg
- Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Antonio Di Narzo
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Ares Rocanin-Arjo
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1166, 75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, 75013 Paris, France; Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Department of PharmacoGenetics, Novo Nordisk Park 9.1.21, 2400 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ramin Monajemi
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lynda M Rose
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5852, USA
| | - Eline Slagboom
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dylan Aïssi
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1166, 75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, 75013 Paris, France; Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - France Gagnon
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Deleuze
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique/Direction des Sciences du Vivant/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, 91057 Evry, France
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- Inserm Research Center U897, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Claudine Berr
- Inserm Research Unit U1061, University of Montpellier I, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, CA 90502, USA
| | - Mete Civelek
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Per Eriksson
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5852, USA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jeanine Houwing-Duitermaat
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - François Cambien
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1166, 75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, 75013 Paris, France; Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Peter Kraft
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille Nord de France, INSERM UMR_S 744, 59000 Lille, France; Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - Saonli Basu
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher Kabrhel
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Channing Network Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 2114, USA
| | - Aaron R Folsom
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - John Heit
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Pieter H Reitsma
- Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Institut National pour la Santé et la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche en Santé (UMR_S) 1166, 75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, 75013 Paris, France; Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nicholas L Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Office of Research and Development, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Laboratory of Haematology, La Timone Hospital, 13385 Marseille, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1062, Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, 13385 Marseille, France; Nutrition Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Aix-Marseille University, UMR_S 1062, 13385 Marseille, France.
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Abbasian N, Burton JO, Herbert KE, Tregunna BE, Brown JR, Ghaderi-Najafabadi M, Brunskill NJ, Goodall AH, Bevington A. Hyperphosphatemia, Phosphoprotein Phosphatases, and Microparticle Release in Vascular Endothelial Cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:2152-62. [PMID: 25745026 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014070642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperphosphatemia in patients with advanced CKD is thought to be an important contributor to cardiovascular risk, in part because of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction induced by inorganic phosphate (Pi). Such patients also have an elevated circulating concentration of procoagulant endothelial microparticles (MPs), leading to a prothrombotic state, which may contribute to acute occlusive events. We hypothesized that hyperphosphatemia leads to MP formation from ECs through an elevation of intracellular Pi concentration, which directly inhibits phosphoprotein phosphatases, triggering a global increase in phosphorylation and cytoskeletal changes. In cultured human ECs (EAhy926), incubation with elevated extracellular Pi (2.5 mM) led to a rise in intracellular Pi concentration within 90 minutes. This was mediated by PiT1/slc20a1 Pi transporters and led to global accumulation of tyrosine- and serine/threonine-phosphorylated proteins, a marked increase in cellular Tropomyosin-3, plasma membrane blebbing, and release of 0.1- to 1-μm-diameter MPs. The effect of Pi was independent of oxidative stress or apoptosis. Similarly, global inhibition of phosphoprotein phosphatases with orthovanadate or fluoride yielded a global protein phosphorylation response and rapid release of MPs. The Pi-induced MPs expressed VE-cadherin and superficial phosphatidylserine, and in a thrombin generation assay, they displayed significantly more procoagulant activity than particles derived from cells incubated in medium with a physiologic level of Pi (1 mM). These data show a mechanism of Pi-induced cellular stress and signaling, which may be widely applicable in mammalian cells, and in ECs, it provides a novel pathologic link between hyperphosphatemia, generation of MPs, and thrombotic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Abbasian
- Departments of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation and
| | - James O Burton
- Departments of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation and John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; and
| | - Karl E Herbert
- Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Leicester National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jeremy R Brown
- Departments of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation and John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; and
| | - Maryam Ghaderi-Najafabadi
- Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Leicester National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel J Brunskill
- Departments of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation and John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; and
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Leicester National Institute for Health Research Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
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Adoue V, Schiavi A, Light N, Almlöf JC, Lundmark P, Ge B, Kwan T, Caron M, Rönnblom L, Wang C, Chen SH, Goodall AH, Cambien F, Deloukas P, Ouwehand WH, Syvänen AC, Pastinen T. Allelic expression mapping across cellular lineages to establish impact of non-coding SNPs. Mol Syst Biol 2014; 10:754. [PMID: 25326100 PMCID: PMC4299376 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20145114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Most complex disease-associated genetic variants are located in non-coding regions and are
therefore thought to be regulatory in nature. Association mapping of differential allelic expression
(AE) is a powerful method to identify SNPs with direct cis-regulatory impact
(cis-rSNPs). We used AE mapping to identify cis-rSNPs regulating
gene expression in 55 and 63 HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines from a Caucasian and an African
population, respectively, 70 fibroblast cell lines, and 188 purified monocyte samples and found
40–60% of these cis-rSNPs to be shared across cell types. We uncover
a new class of cis-rSNPs, which disrupt footprint-derived de novo
motifs that are predominantly bound by repressive factors and are implicated in disease
susceptibility through overlaps with GWAS SNPs. Finally, we provide the proof-of-principle for a new
approach for genome-wide functional validation of transcription factor–SNP interactions. By
perturbing NFκB action in lymphoblasts, we identified 489 cis-regulated
transcripts with altered AE after NFκB perturbation. Altogether, we perform a comprehensive
analysis of cis-variation in four cell populations and provide new tools for the
identification of functional variants associated to complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique Adoue
- Institute National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1043, Toulouse, France
| | - Alicia Schiavi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicholas Light
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jonas Carlsson Almlöf
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Lundmark
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bing Ge
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tony Kwan
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Caron
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shu-Huang Chen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK Cardiogenics Consortium
| | - Francois Cambien
- Cardiogenics Consortium INSERM UMRS 937 Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Cardiogenics Consortium Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Cardiogenics Consortium Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
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45
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Carlsson Almlöf J, Lundmark P, Lundmark A, Ge B, Pastinen T, Goodall AH, Cambien F, Deloukas P, Ouwehand WH, Syvänen AC. Single nucleotide polymorphisms with cis-regulatory effects on long non-coding transcripts in human primary monocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102612. [PMID: 25025429 PMCID: PMC4099216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We applied genome-wide allele-specific expression analysis of monocytes from 188 samples. Monocytes were purified from white blood cells of healthy blood donors to detect cis-acting genetic variation that regulates the expression of long non-coding RNAs. We analysed 8929 regions harboring genes for potential long non-coding RNA that were retrieved from data from the ENCODE project. Of these regions, 60% were annotated as intergenic, which implies that they do not overlap with protein-coding genes. Focusing on the intergenic regions, and using stringent analysis of the allele-specific expression data, we detected robust cis-regulatory SNPs in 258 out of 489 informative intergenic regions included in the analysis. The cis-regulatory SNPs that were significantly associated with allele-specific expression of long non-coding RNAs were enriched to enhancer regions marked for active or bivalent, poised chromatin by histone modifications. Out of the lncRNA regions regulated by cis-acting regulatory SNPs, 20% (n = 52) were co-regulated with the closest protein coding gene. We compared the identified cis-regulatory SNPs with those in the catalog of SNPs identified by genome-wide association studies of human diseases and traits. This comparison identified 32 SNPs in loci from genome-wide association studies that displayed a strong association signal with allele-specific expression of non-coding RNAs in monocytes, with p-values ranging from 6.7×10(-7) to 9.5×10(-89). The identified cis-regulatory SNPs are associated with diseases of the immune system, like multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Carlsson Almlöf
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Lundmark
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Lundmark
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bing Ge
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Alison H. Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - François Cambien
- INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre and Marie Curie University and Medical School, Paris, France
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Heart Centre, Charterhouse Square London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Willem H. Ouwehand
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Centre, Long Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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46
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Dick KJ, Nelson CP, Tsaprouni L, Sandling JK, Aïssi D, Wahl S, Meduri E, Morange PE, Gagnon F, Grallert H, Waldenberger M, Peters A, Erdmann J, Hengstenberg C, Cambien F, Goodall AH, Ouwehand WH, Schunkert H, Thompson JR, Spector TD, Gieger C, Trégouët DA, Deloukas P, Samani NJ. DNA methylation and body-mass index: a genome-wide analysis. Lancet 2014; 383:1990-8. [PMID: 24630777 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62674-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 554] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major health problem that is determined by interactions between lifestyle and environmental and genetic factors. Although associations between several genetic variants and body-mass index (BMI) have been identified, little is known about epigenetic changes related to BMI. We undertook a genome-wide analysis of methylation at CpG sites in relation to BMI. METHODS 479 individuals of European origin recruited by the Cardiogenics Consortium formed our discovery cohort. We typed their whole-blood DNA with the Infinium HumanMethylation450 array. After quality control, methylation levels were tested for association with BMI. Methylation sites showing an association with BMI at a false discovery rate q value of 0·05 or less were taken forward for replication in a cohort of 339 unrelated white patients of northern European origin from the MARTHA cohort. Sites that remained significant in this primary replication cohort were tested in a second replication cohort of 1789 white patients of European origin from the KORA cohort. We examined whether methylation levels at identified sites also showed an association with BMI in DNA from adipose tissue (n=635) and skin (n=395) obtained from white female individuals participating in the MuTHER study. Finally, we examined the association of methylation at BMI-associated sites with genetic variants and with gene expression. FINDINGS 20 individuals from the discovery cohort were excluded from analyses after quality-control checks, leaving 459 participants. After adjustment for covariates, we identified an association (q value ≤0·05) between methylation at five probes across three different genes and BMI. The associations with three of these probes--cg22891070, cg27146050, and cg16672562, all of which are in intron 1 of HIF3A--were confirmed in both the primary and second replication cohorts. For every 0·1 increase in methylation β value at cg22891070, BMI was 3·6% (95% CI 2·4-4·9) higher in the discovery cohort, 2·7% (1·2-4·2) higher in the primary replication cohort, and 0·8% (0·2-1·4) higher in the second replication cohort. For the MuTHER cohort, methylation at cg22891070 was associated with BMI in adipose tissue (p=1·72 × 10(-5)) but not in skin (p=0·882). We observed a significant inverse correlation (p=0·005) between methylation at cg22891070 and expression of one HIF3A gene-expression probe in adipose tissue. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms--rs8102595 and rs3826795--had independent associations with methylation at cg22891070 in all cohorts. However, these single nucleotide polymorphisms were not significantly associated with BMI. INTERPRETATION Increased BMI in adults of European origin is associated with increased methylation at the HIF3A locus in blood cells and in adipose tissue. Our findings suggest that perturbation of hypoxia inducible transcription factor pathways could have an important role in the response to increased weight in people. FUNDING The European Commission, National Institute for Health Research, British Heart Foundation, and Wellcome Trust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J Dick
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher P Nelson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Loukia Tsaprouni
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; ISPAR Institute, University of Bedforshire, Bedford, UK
| | - Johanna K Sandling
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dylan Aïssi
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, F-75013, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, F-75013, Paris, France; ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism And Nutrition, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Simone Wahl
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eshwar Meduri
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - France Gagnon
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Harald Grallert
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Germany; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Francois Cambien
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, F-75013, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, F-75013, Paris, France; ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism And Nutrition, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; National Health Service Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany; Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - John R Thompson
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, F-75013, Paris, France; INSERM, UMR_S 1166, F-75013, Paris, France; ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism And Nutrition, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK; William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
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47
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Huang J, Huffman JE, Yamakuchi M, Yamkauchi M, Trompet S, Asselbergs FW, Sabater-Lleal M, Trégouët DA, Chen WM, Smith NL, Kleber ME, Shin SY, Becker DM, Tang W, Dehghan A, Johnson AD, Truong V, Folkersen L, Yang Q, Oudot-Mellkah T, Buckley BM, Moore JH, Williams FMK, Campbell H, Silbernagel G, Vitart V, Rudan I, Tofler GH, Navis GJ, Destefano A, Wright AF, Chen MH, de Craen AJM, Worrall BB, Rudnicka AR, Rumley A, Bookman EB, Psaty BM, Chen F, Keene KL, Franco OH, Böhm BO, Uitterlinden AG, Carter AM, Jukema JW, Sattar N, Bis JC, Ikram MA, Sale MM, McKnight B, Fornage M, Ford I, Taylor K, Slagboom PE, McArdle WL, Hsu FC, Franco-Cereceda A, Goodall AH, Yanek LR, Furie KL, Cushman M, Hofman A, Witteman JCM, Folsom AR, Basu S, Matijevic N, van Gilst WH, Wilson JF, Westendorp RGJ, Kathiresan S, Reilly MP, Tracy RP, Polasek O, Winkelmann BR, Grant PJ, Hillege HL, Cambien F, Stott DJ, Lowe GD, Spector TD, Meigs JB, Marz W, Eriksson P, Becker LC, Morange PE, Soranzo N, Williams SM, Hayward C, van der Harst P, Hamsten A, Lowenstein CJ, Strachan DP, O'Donnell CJ. Genome-wide association study for circulating tissue plasminogen activator levels and functional follow-up implicates endothelial STXBP5 and STX2. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:1093-101. [PMID: 24578379 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a serine protease, catalyzes the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, the major enzyme responsible for endogenous fibrinolysis. In some populations, elevated plasma levels of tPA have been associated with myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies to identify novel correlates of circulating levels of tPA. APPROACH AND RESULTS Fourteen cohort studies with tPA measures (N=26 929) contributed to the meta-analysis. Three loci were significantly associated with circulating tPA levels (P<5.0×10(-8)). The first locus is on 6q24.3, with the lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; rs9399599; P=2.9×10(-14)) within STXBP5. The second locus is on 8p11.21. The lead SNP (rs3136739; P=1.3×10(-9)) is intronic to POLB and <200 kb away from the tPA encoding the gene PLAT. We identified a nonsynonymous SNP (rs2020921) in modest linkage disequilibrium with rs3136739 (r(2)=0.50) within exon 5 of PLAT (P=2.0×10(-8)). The third locus is on 12q24.33, with the lead SNP (rs7301826; P=1.0×10(-9)) within intron 7 of STX2. We further found evidence for the association of lead SNPs in STXBP5 and STX2 with expression levels of the respective transcripts. In in vitro cell studies, silencing STXBP5 decreased the release of tPA from vascular endothelial cells, whereas silencing STX2 increased the tPA release. Through an in silico lookup, we found no associations of the 3 lead SNPs with coronary artery disease or stroke. CONCLUSIONS We identified 3 loci associated with circulating tPA levels, the PLAT region, STXBP5, and STX2. Our functional studies implicate a novel role for STXBP5 and STX2 in regulating tPA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- From National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA (J.H., A.D.J., C.J.O.); Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (J.H., A.D.J., C.J.O.); MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (J.E.H., V.V., A.F.W., C.H.); The Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY (M.Y., C.J.L.); Departments of Cardiology (S.T., J.W.J.), Gerontology and Geriatrics (S.T., A.J.M.d.C., R.G.J.W.), and Molecular Epidemiology (P.E.S.), Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands (F.W.A.); Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands (F.W.A.); Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom (F.W.A.); Cardiovascular Genetics and Genomics Group, Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine (M.S.-L., L.F., P.E., A.H.), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden; INSERM UMRS 937, Pierre et Marie Curie University, Paris, France (D.-A.T., V.T., T.O.M., F.C.); ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrion, Paris, France (D.-A.T., V.T., F.C.); Departments of Public Health Sciences (W.M.C., B.B.W., F.C.) and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (M.M.S.), Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA; Departments of Epidemiology (N.L.S., B.M.P., B.M.), Medicine (B.M.P., J.C.B.), and Health Services (B.M.P.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (N.L.S., B.M.P.); Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Office of Research and
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Alsahli MA, Popat B, Wright JR, Singh RJ, Samani NJ, Goodall AH. Increased levels of tissue factor-bearing microparticles in patients with premature myocardial infarction. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gazal S, Sacre K, Allanore Y, Teruel M, Goodall AH, Tohma S, Alfredsson L, Okada Y, Xie G, Constantin A, Balsa A, Kawasaki A, Nicaise P, Amos C, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Chiocchia G, Boileau C, Zhang J, Vittecoq O, Barnetche T, Gonzalez Gay MA, Furukawa H, Cantagrel A, Le Loët X, Sumida T, Hurtado-Nedelec M, Richez C, Chollet-Martin S, Schaeverbeke T, Combe B, Khoryati L, Coustet B, El-Benna J, Siminovitch K, Plenge R, Padyukov L, Martin J, Tsuchiya N, Dieudé P. Identification of secreted phosphoprotein 1 gene as a new rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility gene. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:e19. [PMID: 24448344 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the contribution of the SPP1 rs11439060 and rs9138 polymorphisms, previously reported as autoimmune risk variants, in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) genetic background according to anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) status of RA individuals. METHODS We analysed a total of 11,715 RA cases and 26,493 controls from nine independent cohorts; all individuals were genotyped or had imputed genotypes for SPP1 rs11439060 and rs9138. The effect of the SPP1 rs11439060 and rs9138 risk-allele combination on osteopontin (OPN) expression in macrophages and OPN serum levels was investigated. RESULTS We provide evidence for a distinct contribution of SPP1 to RA susceptibility according to ACPA status: the combination of ≥3 SPP1 rs11439060 and rs9138 common alleles was associated mainly with ACPA negativity (p=1.29×10(-5), ORACPA-negative 1.257 (1.135 to 1.394)) and less with ACPA positivity (p=0.0148, ORACPA-positive 1.072 (1.014 to 1.134)). The ORs between these subgroups (ie, ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative) significantly differed (p=7.33×10(-3)). Expression quantitative trait locus analysis revealed an association of the SPP1 risk-allele combination with decreased SPP1 expression in peripheral macrophages from 599 individuals. To corroborate these findings, we found an association of the SPP1 risk-allele combination and low serum level of secreted OPN (p=0.0157), as well as serum level of secreted OPN correlated positively with ACPA production (p=0.005; r=0.483). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a significant contribution of the combination of SPP1 rs11439060 and rs9138 frequent alleles to risk of RA, the magnitude of the association being greater in patients negative for ACPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Gazal
- Plateforme de Génomique Constitutionnelle Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Karim Sacre
- Department of Internal Medicine, DHU FIRE, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, INSERM U699, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Department A of Rheumatology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, University of Paris Descartes Paris, France INSERM U1016, University of Paris Descartes, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Maria Teruel
- Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester & Leicester National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Clinical Sciences Wing, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Shigeto Tohma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gang Xie
- Samuel Lunenfeld and Toronto General Research Institutes and the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arnaud Constantin
- Department of Rheumatology, UMR 1027, INSERM, Toulouse III University, Purpan Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Aya Kawasaki
- Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Pascale Nicaise
- Department of Immunology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christopher Amos
- Genomic Medicine Department of Community, Family Medicine Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, USA
| | | | - Gilles Chiocchia
- INSERM U1016, University of Paris Descartes, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Boileau
- INSERM U698, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- Samuel Lunenfeld and Toronto General Research Institutes and the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivier Vittecoq
- Department of Rheumatology, CHU de Rouen-Hopitaux de Rouen and INSERM U905, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy, France
| | - Thomas Barnetche
- Department of Rheumatology, Pellegrin Hospital, Bordeaux Selagen University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Miguel A Gonzalez Gay
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Marques de Valdecilla, IFIMAV, Santander, Spain
| | - Hiroshi Furukawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Alain Cantagrel
- Department of Rheumatology, UMR 1027, INSERM, Toulouse III University, Purpan Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Xavier Le Loët
- Department of Rheumatology, CHU de Rouen-Hopitaux de Rouen and INSERM U905, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Rouen University, Normandy, France
| | - Takayuki Sumida
- Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Margarita Hurtado-Nedelec
- INSERM U773 CRB3, F-75018, Paris, France Department of Hematology and Immunology, UF Dysfonctionnements Immunitaires Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Richez
- Department of Rheumatology, Pellegrin Hospital, Bordeaux Selagen University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvie Chollet-Martin
- Department of Immunology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Schaeverbeke
- Department of Rheumatology, Pellegrin Hospital, Bordeaux Selagen University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bernard Combe
- Department of Rheumatology, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Liliane Khoryati
- Department of Rheumatology, Pellegrin Hospital, Bordeaux Selagen University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Baptiste Coustet
- Department of Rheumatology, DHU FIRE, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Katherine Siminovitch
- Samuel Lunenfeld and Toronto General Research Institutes and the Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Plenge
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Merck Research Laboratories, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonid Padyukov
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Javier Martin
- Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina Lopez-Neyra, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Naoyuki Tsuchiya
- Faculty of Medicine, Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Philippe Dieudé
- Department of Rheumatology, DHU FIRE, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Bichat Hospital, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France Bichat Faculty of Medicine, INSERM U699, Université Paris Diderot, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Good RIS, McGarrity A, Sheehan R, James TE, Miller H, Stephens J, Watkins S, McConnachie A, Goodall AH, Oldroyd KG. Variation in thromboxane B2 concentrations in serum and plasma in patients taking regular aspirin before and after clopidogrel therapy. Platelets 2014; 26:17-24. [PMID: 24433337 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2013.870334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and a P2Y12 antagonist is widely prescribed for the prevention of thrombotic events in patients with an acute coronary syndrome or undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It is recognised that there is inter-individual variation in the antiplatelet effects of both drugs. Recent data also suggest that P2Y12 antagonists can affect the response to aspirin. A direct indicator of the effect of aspirin on platelets is their ability to generate thromboxane, which if measured as the difference between the level of thromboxane B2 in serum and plasma ([TxB2]S-P) avoids the confounding effect of endogenous TxB2 production from other cells. We therefore analysed [TxB2]S-P as a measure of aspirin response in a group of 123 patients undergoing elective PCI before and after the introduction of clopidogrel. In a subgroup of 40 patients taking aspirin alone, we compared [TxB2]S-P and VerifyNow Aspirin for the assessment of aspirin response. There was a wide variation in plasma and serum TxB2 concentrations both before and after clopidogrel therapy but only 3.5% of patients had residual serum concentration of TxB2 > 10 ng/ml. There was a strong correlation between the pre and post clopidogrel levels of TxB2 (r ≥ 0.78; p = 0.001) and no significant difference in [TxB2]S-P. There was no correlation between the magnitude of response to clopidogrel response and the generation of thromboxane B2. Correlation between [TxB2]S-P and VerifyNow Aspirin was poor. We conclude that the use of a P2Y12 antagonist does not influence the effect of aspirin on the ability of platelets to generate thromboxane. Therefore, measurement of TxB2 levels in serum, after subtracting the contribution from plasma, provides a measure of the response to aspirin in patients taking dual antiplatelet therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard I S Good
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
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