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Tavares M, Chiu CJ, Hasturk H, Lake K, O’Keefe AC, De Armas V, Yaskell T, Esberg A, Johansson I, Tanner AC. Household, dietary, and clinical characteristics of childhood caries and overweight progression-A prospective cohort study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024; 34:35-46. [PMID: 37309985 PMCID: PMC10716355 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood caries and obesity are complex chronic diseases with negative health outcomes. AIM This study sought a risk profile for childhood caries and overweight. DESIGN Children were recruited into a longitudinal prospective cohort study. Caries and overweight characteristics were obtained at baseline, 6, 12, and 18 months. Sequential data modeling steps determined a disease risk profile. RESULTS At baseline, 50% of the children (n = 194, 3.0 to 6.9 years) had caries; 24% were overweight, of whom 50% had caries. Correlation analysis separated child characteristics from household circumstances. Principal component modeling separated child snacking from meal-eating patterns, and household smoking from parent education variables. Baseline caries and overweight were not associated, but they grouped together in the modeling of composite features. Forty-five percent of children showed caries progression, 29% overweight progression, and 10% progression of both diseases. The strongest predictors of progression were disease presence, household-based characteristics, and sugary drinks. Children with caries and overweight progression shared multiple child- and household-based features. CONCLUSION Individually, caries and overweight were not associated. Children with progression of both conditions shared a profile and multiple risk characteristics suggesting these findings could be useful in assessing the risk for the most extreme cases of caries and overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Tavares
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | | | | | - Kristina Lake
- Waterville Community Dental Center, Waterville ME. 04901, USA
| | - Anna C. O’Keefe
- Waterville Community Dental Center, Waterville ME. 04901, USA
| | | | - Tina Yaskell
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Anders Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Anne C Tanner
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Alkhtib AO, Ali K, Sajnani AK, Anweigi L. Barriers and enablers for oral health promotion programs amongst primary healthcare stakeholders in Qatar - a qualitative investigation. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:924. [PMID: 38007460 PMCID: PMC10676573 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03633-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health of preschool children remains a concern globally. Primary healthcare providers are in a vital position to support preventive oral care programmes. This study explored current practices, perception and barriers of primary health care professionals towards oral health promotion program of children in Qatar. METHODS The qualitative research used focus group discussions and interviewed a total of 108 participants that were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Four major themes emerged and were analysed to explore contextual patterns within the data. RESULTS Participants acknowledged the high prevalence of caries in children and identified the causes in the local context which included parental practices, poor dietary habits, impact of culture lack of oral health knowledge, limitations in the healthcare system, and negative role of the media. However, complex barriers were exposed, including lack of time and ownership, system coordination between organizations, and lack of policy. CONCLUSION Health professionals and bureaucrats involved in decision-making held a positive attitude towards oral health prevention programs and were enthusiastic to initiate and support these programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Othman Alkhtib
- College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
- Primary Health Care Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kamran Ali
- College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Anand K Sajnani
- Faculty of Medicine, Caucasus International University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lamyia Anweigi
- College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
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Uribe SE, Innes N, Maldupa I. The global prevalence of early childhood caries: A systematic review with meta-analysis using the WHO diagnostic criteria. Int J Paediatr Dent 2021; 31:817-830. [PMID: 33735529 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the global prevalence of early childhood caries using the WHO criteria. DESIGN Systematic review of studies published from 1960 to 2019. DATA SOURCES PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO, and LILACS. Eligibility criteria were articles using: dmft-WHO diagnostic criteria with calibrated examiners, probability sampling, and sample sizes. STUDY SELECTION Two reviewers searched, screened, and extracted information from the selected articles. All pooled analyses were based on random-effects models. The protocol is available on PROSPERO 2014 registration code CRD42014009578. RESULTS From 472 reports, 214 used WHO criteria and 125 fit the inclusion criteria. Sixty-four reports of 67 countries (published 1992-2019) had adequate data to be summarised in the meta-analysis. They covered 29 countries/59018 children. Global random-effects pooled prevalence was (percentage[95% CI]) 48[43, 53]. The prevalence by continent was Africa: 30[19, 45]; Americas: 48 [42, 54]; Asia: 52[43, 61]; Europe: 43[24, 66]; and Oceania: 82[73, 89]. Differences across countries explain 21.2% of the observed variance. CONCLUSIONS Early childhood caries is a global health problem, affecting almost half of preschool children. Results are reported from 29 of 195 countries. ECC prevalence varied widely, and there was more variance attributable to between-country differences rather than continent or change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio E Uribe
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.,Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia.,School of Dentistry, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Nicola Innes
- School of Dentistry, Cardiff University of Dundee, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ilze Maldupa
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia.,School of Dentistry, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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Khanna SR, Rao D, Panwar S, Ameen S. Impact of oral hygiene training to Anganwadi and Accredited Social Health Activist workers on oral health of young children in tribal regions of Rajasthan State, India. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2021; 39:429-435. [PMID: 35102970 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_93_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Early childhood caries is one of the most widespread diseases affecting children in urban and rural India. Community health workers can bring about a quantum of change in improving the oral health in children. AIMS The aim of the study was to assess the impact of oral health training imparted to Anganwadi and accredited social health activist (ASHA) workers on improving the oral hygiene of 148 children aged 1-6 years. SETTINGS AND DESIGN The preintervention followed by oral health training and postintervention assessment were done at three Anganwadi and ASHA centers of Rajasthan. METHODOLOGY The preintervention data included Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth/decayed, extracted, and filled teeth, oral hygiene indices (Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified [OHI-S] and Oral Hygiene Index Simplified-Modified [OHIS-M]), plaque index, and caries activity using Oratest. The oral health training consisted of PowerPoint presentations, video presentations, live demonstrations on brushing technique, rinsing, plaque disclosure, and flossing technique. They were enlightened on deleterious oral habits, emergency protocol on trauma, etc. The postintervention data included outcome measures consisting of oral hygiene indices (OHI-S and OHIS-M), plaque index, and Oratest after 2 months to evaluate the impact of training. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The data were analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, paired t-test, and one-way analysis of variance test. RESULTS There was a significant improvement in toothbrushing practices and rinsing (P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in debris index, calculus index, OHI-S/OHIS-M, plaque index, and Oratest after intervention (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Empowering Anganwadi and ASHA workers can be a feasible approach in India, where oral health is not a priority in primary health care as yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhani Rakesh Khanna
- Department Paediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dinesh Rao
- Department Paediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sunil Panwar
- Department Paediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Safna Ameen
- Department Paediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Meta-Analysis of In-Vitro Bonding of Glass-Ionomer Restorative Materials to Primary Teeth. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143915. [PMID: 34300834 PMCID: PMC8304208 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Restoration of primary teeth is among the main clinical applications of glass-ionomer cements (GIC). The aim of the study was to review and summarize existing evidence of in vitro bond strength of glass-ionomer (GI) restoratives to enamel and dentin of primary teeth. A literature search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases to identify studies published until April 2021. The search strategy was: (“glass”) and (“ionomer”) and (“primary” or “deciduous”) and (“bond” or “tensile” or “shear”). Two researchers independently retrieved articles that reported on the bond strength of GIC to primary dentin and/or enamel. The meta-analysis was performed to compare the bond strength values of conventional (C) GIC and resin-modified (RM) GIC to different substrates. From 831 potentially eligible articles, 30 were selected for the full-text examination, and 7 were included in the analysis. Studies were rated at high (3), medium (3), and low (1) risk of bias. RM-GIC showed higher bond strength to primary enamel and dentin compared to the C-GIC. Meta-analysis of in vitro studies, evaluating bonding properties of GI restoratives to primary teeth, suggests the superior performance of RM-GIC. However, there is a lack of studies that examine the properties of novel GI formulations.
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Yan S, Huang S, Yang Z, Luo S, Yang X, He L, Li J, Que G. Factors Affecting Future Caries Occurrence Among Preschoolers in Northern Guangdong: A Longitudinal Study. Clin Epidemiol 2021; 13:345-355. [PMID: 34079377 PMCID: PMC8164668 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s312132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the new development of caries among preschoolers in northern Guangdong and to assess caries-related factors to distinguish groups with different caries risk levels. Methods Baseline data were recorded for participants from September to November 2019, and participants were reexamined from September to November 2020. A longitudinal observation of 11,973 preschoolers was conducted. The simplified debris index (DI-S) and decayed-missing-filled tooth (dmft) index values were obtained for each participant. Results Factors associated with whether caries would occur in the future and one-year increase in dmft (Δdmft) included baseline dmft, baseline DI-S, and baseline age. The risk ratio (RR) of caries occurrence and the number of teeth with new-onset caries were 4.482 (95% confidence interval, 4.056-4.957) and 2.945 (2.742-3.165) in the participants with baseline dmft ≥3, which were higher than those with baseline dmft =1 or 2. In the baseline caries-free group, whether caries would occur in the future was related to the baseline DI-S (95% confidence interval, 0.022-0.062). The caries incidence of maxillary central incisors (27.9%) was the highest among teeth of preschoolers without caries at baseline, whereas the caries incidence of mandibular first deciduous molars (42.7%) was the highest among teeth of preschoolers with caries at baseline. Conclusion Baseline dmft is a good predictor of future caries. Children with baseline caries-free status, baseline dmft >0, and baseline dmft ≥3 should be treated with preventive interventions of different intensities and frequencies. The occurrence of future caries in baseline caries-free participants is related to oral hygiene status. Measures to prevent caries on smooth surfaces, such as topical fluoridation, should be applied to all preschoolers. Preschoolers with caries at baseline may be given priority for pit and fissure sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yan
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaohong Huang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zijing Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Luo
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Yang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidan He
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Que
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Danilova MA, Kamenckikh DV. Assessment and correction of the daily diet in the treatment of severe early childhood caries. Pediatr Dent 2021. [DOI: 10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-1-42-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Relevance. The high prevalence and intensity of early childhood caries (ECC) require a detailed analysis of the influence of the nutritional status on the course of the carious process and possible ways to treat severe caries and control certain markers of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Purpose – to identify correlation between the nutrient composition of the diet, calcium and phosphorus metabolism markers and severe childhood caries. Materials and methods. The study involved 46 children aged 12-36 months with severe ECC which had been treated under the general anesthesia. In all patients, the nutrient composition of the diet was studied and certain markers of calcium and phosphorus metabolism were determined. ECC comprehensive treatment plan with further evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment was developed accordingly, based on the patients’ allocation to the main and comparison groups.Results. The dynamics of the content of excreted calcium in the main group of study participants indicates an increase in the consumed calcium entering the child's body with food. 24 months after the implementation of pathogenetic therapy, the increase in the intensity of caries in the main group was significantly reduced.Conclusions. The correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between the frequency of consumption of the basic food products and caries intensity in the primary teeth. Patient-based ECC treatment protocols can reduce caries progression in primary dentition by 42.8 % in the long run.
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BaniHani A, Tahmassebi J, Zawaideh F. Maternal knowledge on early childhood caries and barriers to seek dental treatment in Jordan. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 22:433-439. [PMID: 33210223 PMCID: PMC8213663 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00576-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To assess maternal knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) risk factors and to determine barriers in seeking dental treatment among children with ECC. Methods A total of 600 mothers of healthy children, aged 3–5 years, with ECC attending maternity and child health centres in Jordan completed a questionnaire using face-to-face interviews. ECC was diagnosed clinically by the chief investigator, based on the diagnostic criteria suggested by American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (AAPD), and caries was recorded using dmft index. Results The majority of the children had poor oral health status (99.2%) with a dmft index of 6.04 (± 1.2). Less than third (25.7%) of the mothers believed that their child had poor oral health with more than half (53.3%) not being aware that their child had dental caries. Most of the mothers had poor knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding their children’s oral health (82%). Participants` oral health knowledge was significantly associated with mothers` level of education and profession (p < 0.05). In addition, there was delay in seeking dental treatment for their children by the majority (65.9%) of mothers. Maternal profession, family income and time needed to reach a nearby health centre were found to be significant barriers in seeking dental treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion The majority of the mothers of children in Jordan with ECC had poor knowledge about their children’s oral health status. Moreover, seeking dental treatment was delayed by a large number of mothers of children with ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A BaniHani
- School of Dentistry/Faculty of Medicine and Health, NIHR Clinical Lecturer and Specialist Registrar in Pediatric Dentistry, University of Leeds, Level 6/Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK.
| | - J Tahmassebi
- School of Dentistry/Faculty of Medicine and Health, NIHR Clinical Lecturer and Specialist Registrar in Pediatric Dentistry, University of Leeds, Level 6/Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9LU, UK
| | - F Zawaideh
- School of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan, UK
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Štefanová E, Baška T, Holubčíková J, Timková S, Tatarková M, Sovičová M, Hudečková H. Selected Behavioural Factors Affecting Oral Health in Schoolchildren: Results from the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Slovak Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207516. [PMID: 33076480 PMCID: PMC7602590 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oral diseases, particularly dental caries, affect as much as nine in 10 persons globally. Its development starts during childhood. Behavioural factors play an important role in its aetiology. The aim of the research was to analyse the prevalence of selected behavioural factors associated with dental caries in Slovak adolescents. Selected factors, such as toothbrushing less than once a day, consumption of sweets and sweetened soft drinks daily and their combination, were analysed using data from Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children surveys carried out in 2005/2006, 2009/2010, 2013/2014 and 2017/2018 in Slovakia. The target group consisted of 11- to 13-year-old schoolchildren. The results were analysed by sex and socioeconomic status. The consumption of sweets and sweetened soft drinks, despite declining, remains widespread (41.3% of boys and 39.6% of girls in 2017/2018). The absence of daily toothbrushing, similarly as a co-occurrence of factors, were more frequent in boys (10.6% and 5.0% in 2017/2018, respectively) than in girls (5.1% and 2.3% in 2017/2018, respectively). The absence of daily toothbrushing was associated with a lower socioeconomic situation. In conclusion, behavioural risk factors affecting oral health are widespread in Slovak adolescents. Despite the positive development of the epidemiological situation, effective interventions, as well as the improvement of oral hygiene in lower socioeconomic groups, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Štefanová
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 11149/4B, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.Š.); (T.B.); (M.T.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Tibor Baška
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 11149/4B, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.Š.); (T.B.); (M.T.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Jana Holubčíková
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Silvia Timková
- 1st Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice and University Hospital of Luis Pasteur, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421 55 234 3305
| | - Mária Tatarková
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 11149/4B, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.Š.); (T.B.); (M.T.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Miroslava Sovičová
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 11149/4B, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.Š.); (T.B.); (M.T.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Henrieta Hudečková
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Malá Hora 11149/4B, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia; (E.Š.); (T.B.); (M.T.); (M.S.); (H.H.)
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Partido BB, Bean C, Chartier EA, Sprinkle E. Outcome evaluation of the Dental Health Outreach Mobile Experience (HOME) Coach Program. J Dent Educ 2020; 85:37-43. [PMID: 32920870 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Ohio Department of Health identified dental care as the number one unmet health need for Ohio's children. The Dental Health Outreach Mobile Experience (HOME) Coach is a pediatric mobile dental unit that seeks to meet the dental needs of underserved children in the Columbus City Schools. PURPOSE The purpose was to conduct an outcome evaluation of the Dental HOME Coach Program and to compare the outcomes before (2010-2014) and after (2015-2019) the incorporation of the new Dental HOME Coach. METHODS Using a longitudinal outcome evaluation research design, the data were analyzed from 10 years of the Dental HOME Coach Program at the Ohio State University (OSU) College of Dentistry during the academic years ending in 2010-2019. RESULTS A total of 1063 dental students provided dental care to 26469 children in the Columbus City Schools. The top 3 performed procedures were sealants, prophylaxis, and resin composite fillings. Despite significant increases in the number of dental students providing oral health care, there were significant decreases in the number of amalgam fillings and stainless-steel crowns from before to after the incorporation of the new Dental HOME Coach. CONCLUSION The outcome evaluation revealed the Dental HOME Coach Program has been providing underserved children with oral health care that offers them a dental "home," giving dental students an array of hands-on learning experiences that include pediatric dentistry treatments performed under the supervision of OSU faculty members, and positively impacting the problems of access to oral health care for Ohio's families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian B Partido
- Division of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Dental Programs, Seattle Central College, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Canise Bean
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Chartier
- Division of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Emily Sprinkle
- Division of Dental Hygiene, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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ALKHTIB A, TEMPLE-SMITH M, MESSER L, PIROTTA M, MORGAN M, SAJNANI A. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary health care providers towards oral health of preschool children in Qatar. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2020; 61:E205-E214. [PMID: 32803007 PMCID: PMC7419124 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.2.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective Health care providers can effectively participate in oral health promotion for children in primary care setting. Currently, there are no oral health promotion programs that involve primary health care professionals in Qatar. Hence, this study was undertaken to examine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of all health professionals who work in the Well baby Clinics in the primary health centers. Method A 23-item questionnaire was distributed across 20 primary health centers. The questionnaire sought information on the demographic data of health professionals, their knowledge of oral health and their practices and attitudes towards critical oral health issues. Data were examined by Pearson Chi-squared tests or Fisher’s Exact test (p = 0.05). Results The response rate of the health professionals was 67%. Only 35.7% of the 225 participants received some form of oral health training during their undergraduate programme. The participants would assess the dental problem of the child (p = 0.05) and discuss the importance of tooth brushing with the mother (p = 0.03). A significant number of respondents (p = 0.04) were unlikely to assess the children’s fluoride intake. There was a significant difference in the group of participants that would examine the child’s teeth (p = 0.1) and counsel the mothers on prevention of dental problems (p = 0.01). This group would also refer children to dentist at 12 months of age (p = 0.05). Conclusions Health professionals had a positive attitude towards the anticipatory guidance elements of oral health. However, the knowledge of healthcare professionals on childhood oral health is rather limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. ALKHTIB
- Correspondence: Asmaa Alkhtib Primary Health Care Corporation Doha Qatar - E mail: mail:
| | - M. TEMPLE-SMITH
- Department of general Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - L.B. MESSER
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M. PIROTTA
- Department of general Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M. MORGAN
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Oral Health CRC, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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12
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Ibrahim MS, Balhaddad AA, Garcia IM, Hefni E, Collares FM, Martinho FC, Weir MD, Xu HHK, Melo MAS. Tooth sealing formulation with bacteria‐killing surface and on‐demand ion release/recharge inhibits early childhood caries key pathogens. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:3217-3227. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Salem Ibrahim
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - Isadora M. Garcia
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Eman Hefni
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Fabricio M. Collares
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Materials Laboratory, School of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil
| | - Frederico C. Martinho
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Michael D. Weir
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Hockin H. K. Xu
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Mary Anne S. Melo
- PhD Program in Dental Biomedical Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore Maryland USA
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Yazdani R, Mohebbi SZ, Fazli M, Peighoun M. Evaluation of protective factors in caries free preschool children: a case-control study. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:177. [PMID: 32586302 PMCID: PMC7318423 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing the proportion of caries-free children following the WHO's global target has led to more desirable welfare and a higher level of quality of life for children. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the factors contributing to a caries-free condition in preschool children as a basic action towards the global goals of children's oral health. METHODS This was a case-control study evaluating the protective factors contributing to dental caries free in 4-6-year-old children in Tehran/Iran in 2017. 500 preschool children and their mothers were selected from 22 randomly selected preschools and were enrolled in the study. The participants were divided into two case (caries-free) and control (with dental caries) groups. The data were collected using two data gathering tools; the child oral examination form and the mother's valid questionnaire. The latter included three domains; socio-demographic factors, behavioral oral health measures, and feeding practices and dietary habits. The criteria for caries detection were cavities in the enamel and dentine. A logistic regression model was applied to identify caries-free protective factors (P < 0.05). RESULTS Among 230 caries-free and 270 non-caries-free children who participated in the study, boys were more caries-free (P = 0.001). The protective factors against dental caries that were identified in the study were dental check-up as the cause of dental visit, being the first child in the family, the fewer sessions night feeding of the child's, family's house ownership, and parent's university education (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Dental health can be achieved by considering protective factors like the regular dental check-up and socio-economic factors. Communities are invited to pay close attention to these important protective factors as far as they can increase the proportion of caries-free among preschool children especially in countries with developing oral health care systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Yazdani
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Zahra Mohebbi
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Fazli
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Peighoun
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Zhu C, Yuan C, Ao S, Shi X, Chen F, Sun X, Zheng S. The Predictive Potentiality of Salivary Microbiome for the Recurrence of Early Childhood Caries. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:423. [PMID: 30619773 PMCID: PMC6302014 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the variation of the salivary microbiota in the recurrence of early childhood caries (ECC), and to explore and verify the potential microbial indicators of ECC recurrence. Saliva samples from kindergarten children were tracked every 6 months for 1 year. Finally, in total 28 children and 84 samples were placed on the analysis phase: 7 children with ECC recurrence made up the ECC-recurrence (ER) group, 6 children without ECC recurrence constituted the non-ECC-recurrence (NER) group, and 15 children who kept ECC-free were set as the ECC-free (EF) group. DNA amplicons of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rDNA were generated and sequencing was performed using Illumina MiSeq PE250 platform. No statistically significant differences of the Shannon indices were found in both cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons. Furthermore, both principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and heatmap plots demonstrated that the salivary microbial community structure might have potentiality to predict ECC recurrence at an early phase. The relative abundance of Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Leptotrichia, and Capnocytophaga differed significantly between the ER and NER groups at baseline. The values of area under the curve (AUC) of the four genera and their combined synthesis in the prediction for ECC recurrence were 0.857, 0.833, 0.786, 0.833, and 0.952, respectively. The relative abundance of Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Leptotrichia, and Capnocytophaga and their combination showed satisfactory accuracy in the prediction for ECC recurrence, indicating that salivary microbiome had predictive potentiality for recurrence of this disease. These findings might facilitate more effective strategy to be taken in the management of the recurrence of ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Zhu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Ao
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangru Shi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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K Chugh V, K Sahu K, Chugh A. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Dental Caries among Preschool Children: A Cross-sectional Study in Eastern India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018; 11:238-243. [PMID: 30131648 PMCID: PMC6102442 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental caries is one of the major widespread health issues that continue to negatively affect the oral health of children globally. AIM To estimate the prevalence of dental caries and its risk factors among preschool children of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was a community-based cross-sectional one among preschool children with (N = 425) participants recruited from the Anganwadi centers (AWCs) of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. By using a cross-sectional study design, dental caries was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, and other socioeconomic and risk factors data were collected through parental interview using questionnaires. Caries was identified at both tooth and surface levels through visual dental examinations by trained and calibrated dentists. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify associations among variables and caries. RESULTS The proportion of preschool children suffering from dental caries was found to be 47.29%. The multivariable-adjusted model depicted that longer duration of breastfeeding was a significant predictor as follows: Those who had breastfed for more than 36 months [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.41; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.97-9.85; p = 0.001], 12 to 24 months (AOR: 2.1; 95% CI: 1.04-4.36; p = 0.037), followed by increase in age 61 to 72 months (AOR: 5.39; 95% CI: 2.72-10.67; p = 0.001), 49 to 60 months (AOR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.41-4.52; p = 0.002), more than two children in the family (AOR: 2.70; 95% CI: 1.55-4.69; p = 0.001), and children who did not brush the teeth under the parent's supervision (AOR: 2.70; 95% CI: 1.55-4.69; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The study highlights the need to increase awareness about the oral health and hygiene among parents of preschool children in India.How to cite this article: Chugh VK, Sahu KK, Chugh A. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Dental Caries among Preschool Children: A Cross-sectional Study in Eastern India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):238-243.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay K Chugh
- Research Assistant, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kushal K Sahu
- Associate Professor, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ankita Chugh
- Associate Professor, Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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Javed F, ALHarthi SS, BinShabaib MS, Gajendra S, Romanos GE, Rahman I. Toxicological impact of waterpipe smoking and flavorings in the oral cavity and respiratory system. Inhal Toxicol 2017; 29:389-396. [PMID: 29039225 PMCID: PMC5927775 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2017.1384084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Waterpipe smoking (WS), an emerging trend has major health concerns. It is prevalent worldwide as a recreational activity both indoors and outdoors. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of waterpipe smoke on the oral and respiratory system (oral cavity and pulmonary tissues). A number of studies have shown that periodontal health status is compromised in waterpipe smokers when compared with nonsmokers. Some studies have associated WS with oral premalignant and malignant lesions; however, due to the poor quality of these studies, the presented outcomes should be interpreted with caution. Although cigarette smoking has been considered as a potential risk factor for dental caries; there are no studies in indexed literature that have shown an association to exist between dental caries and WS. Inhaled waterpipe smoke imposes oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and compromises the ventilatory capacity of the lungs and may lead to an increased risk of decline in lung function. WS may cause oral and pulmonary diseases, such as periodontal disease and chronic obstructive airway disease, respectively. The association between WS and development of dental caries and oral pre-cancer and their relationships with chronic airways disease requires investigations. This review discusses the current evidence of waterpipe smoke effects on the oral health and respiratory system based on basic and clinical science and provides future directions for research and regulatory science on how WS can affect the oral cavity and the respiratory/pulmonary system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawad Javed
- Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shatha Subhi ALHarthi
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Munerah Saleh BinShabaib
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sangeeta Gajendra
- Department of Community Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Georgios E. Romanos
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Vozza I, Capasso F, Marrese E, Polimeni A, Ottolenghi L. Infant and Child Oral Health Risk Status Correlated to Behavioral Habits of Parents or Caregivers: A Survey in Central Italy. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2017; 7:95-99. [PMID: 28462177 PMCID: PMC5390585 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_470_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this survey was to evaluate the knowledge and awareness of parents and caregivers about potential oral health risk factors for their children in their first months of life (3-30 months). MATERIALS AND METHODS The participation to the survey was proposed to all parents or caregivers of children attending the public consulting service in Latina for mandatory vaccinations during the period of June to August 2014. A self-administered questionnaire was completed to obtain information regarding demographic variables, infant feeding practice, maternal oral health during and after pregnancy, children's oral hygiene habits and risk behaviors (e.g., sharing cutlery, tasting of baby food, nightly using of baby bottles with sugared beverages, or sugared pacifier), and knowledge about caries and its transmission. The analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 14.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The variance analysis and chi-square test were used to investigate the relationship between the variables. RESULTS Overall, the parents of 304 children consented to fill the questionnaire. Data analysis showed that about 50% of respondents considered dental caries an infectious disease, however, 53.6% was not aware of the potential vertical transmissibility of cariogenic bacteria through contaminated saliva. It is a common trend in the early stages of weaning to taste the baby food (53%) and sharing cutlery (38.5%). With regard to children oral health care, parents reported no toothbrushing for 53.1% of the children in their first 3 years of life. The relationship between the two variables concerning caries transmissibility and tools sharing carried out on through Pearson chi-square test identified P = 0.32. CONCLUSIONS From this survey, the need for parental oral health promoting program emerged to control children oral health risk status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iole Vozza
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Capasso
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Marrese
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Polimeni
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Ottolenghi
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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