1
|
Li H, Chen L, Liu R, Cao S, Lu Z. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Floral Buds before and after Opening in Walnut ( Juglans regia L.). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7878. [PMID: 39063121 PMCID: PMC11276623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a typical and an economically important tree species for nut production with heterodichogamy. The absence of female and male flowering periods seriously affects both the pollination and fruit setting rates of walnuts, thereby affecting the yield and quality. Therefore, studying the characteristics and processes of flower bud differentiation helps in gaining a deeper understanding of the regularity of the mechanism of heterodichogamy in walnuts. In this study, a total of 3540 proteins were detected in walnut and 885 unique differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified using the isobaric tags for the relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-labeling method. Among all DEPs, 12 common proteins were detected in all four of the obtained contrasts. GO and KEGG analyses of 12 common DEPs showed that their functions are distributed in the cytoplasm metabolic pathways, photosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, which are involved in energy production and conversion, synthesis, and the breakdown of proteomes. In addition, a function analysis was performed, whereby the DEPs were classified as involved in photosynthesis, morphogenesis, metabolism, or the stress response. A total of eight proteins were identified as associated with the morphogenesis of stamen development, such as stamen-specific protein FIL1-like (XP_018830780.1), putative leucine-rich repeat receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase At2g24130 (XP_018822513.1), cytochrome P450 704B1-like isoform X2 (XP_018845266.1), ervatamin-B-like (XP_018824181.1), probable glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase A6 (XP_018844051.1), pathogenesis-related protein 5-like (XP_018835774.1), GDSL esterase/lipase At5g22810-like (XP_018833146.1), and fatty acyl-CoA reductase 2 (XP_018848853.1). Our results predict several crucial proteins and deepen the understanding of the biochemical mechanism that regulates the formation of male and female flower buds in walnuts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoxian Li
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
- National Horticultural Germplasm Resources Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Lina Chen
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
- National Horticultural Germplasm Resources Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Ruitao Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
- National Horticultural Germplasm Resources Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Shangyin Cao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Zhenhua Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China; (H.L.); (L.C.); (R.L.); (S.C.)
- National Horticultural Germplasm Resources Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Sanya 572000, China
- Zhongyuan Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453000, China
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shi L, Li C, Lv G, Li X, Feng W, Bi Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Zhu L, Tang W, Fu Y. The adaptor protein ECAP, the corepressor LEUNIG, and the transcription factor BEH3 interact and regulate microsporocyte generation in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:2531-2549. [PMID: 38526222 PMCID: PMC11218778 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Histospecification and morphogenesis of anthers during development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) are well understood. However, the regulatory mechanism of microsporocyte generation at the pre-meiotic stage remains unclear, especially how archesporial cells are specified and differentiate into 2 cell lineages with distinct developmental fates. SPOROCYTELESS (SPL) is a key reproductive gene that is activated during early anther development and remains active. In this study, we demonstrated that the EAR motif-containing adaptor protein (ECAP) interacts with the Gro/Tup1 family corepressor LEUNIG (LUG) and the BES1/BZR1 HOMOLOG3 (BEH3) transcription factor to form a transcription activator complex, epigenetically regulating SPL transcription. SPL participates in microsporocyte generation by modulating the specification of archesporial cells and the archesporial cell-derived differentiation of somatic and reproductive cell layers. This study illustrates the regulation of SPL expression by the ECAP-LUG-BEH3 complex, which is essential for the generation of microsporocytes. Moreover, our findings identified ECAP as a key transcription regulator that can combine with different partners to regulate gene expression in distinct ways, thereby facilitating diverse processes in various aspects of plant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gaofeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wutao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yujing Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Youqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Ying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zeng J, Duan M, Wang Y, Li G, You Y, Shi J, Liu C, Zhang J, Xu J, Zhang S, Zhao J. Sporophytic control of tapetal development and pollen fertility by a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:1500-1516. [PMID: 38751028 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Tapetum, the innermost layer of the anther wall, provides essential nutrients and materials for pollen development. Timely degradation of anther tapetal cells is a prerequisite for normal pollen development in flowering plants. Tapetal cells facilitate male gametogenesis by providing cellular contents after highly coordinated programmed cell death (PCD). Tapetal development is regulated by a transcriptional network. However, the signaling pathway(s) involved in this process are poorly understood. In this study, we report that a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade composed of OsYDA1/OsYDA2-OsMKK4-OsMPK6 plays an important role in tapetal development and male gametophyte fertility. Loss of function of this MAPK cascade leads to anther indehiscence, enlarged tapetum, and aborted pollen grains. Tapetal cells in osmkk4 and osmpk6 mutants exhibit an increased presence of lipid body-like structures within the cytoplasm, which is accompanied by a delayed occurrence of PCD. Expression of a constitutively active version of OsMPK6 (CA-OsMPK6) can rescue the pollen defects in osmkk4 mutants, confirming that OsMPK6 functions downstream of OsMKK4 in this pathway. Genetic crosses also demonstrated that the MAPK cascade sporophyticly regulates pollen development. Our study reveals a novel function of rice MAPK cascade in plant male reproductive biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zeng
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Manman Duan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guangtao Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yujing You
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Changhao Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinyang Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211, MO, USA
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao H, Li D, Hu H, Zhou F, Yu Y, Wei Q, Liu Q, Liu M, Hu P, Chen E, Song P, Su X, Guan Y, Qiao M, Ru Z, Li C. Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during anther development in a thermo-sensitive genic male-sterile wheat line. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2410-2425. [PMID: 38517937 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Bainong sterility (BNS) is a thermo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat line, characterised by anther fertility transformation in response to low temperature (LT) stress during meiosis, the failure of vacuole decomposition and the absence of starch accumulation in sterile bicellular pollen. Our study demonstrates that the late microspore (LM) stage marks the transition from the anther growth to anther maturation phase, characterised by the changes in anther structure, carbohydrate metabolism and the main transport pathway of sucrose (Suc). Fructan is a main storage polysaccharide in wheat anther, and its synthesis and remobilisation are crucial for anther development. Moreover, the process of pollen amylogenesis and the fate of the large vacuole in pollen are closely intertwined with fructan synthesis and remobilisation. LT disrupts the normal physiological metabolism of BNS anthers during meiosis, particularly affecting carbohydrate metabolism, thus determining the fate of male gametophytes and pollen abortion. Disruption of fructan synthesis and remobilisation regulation serves as a decisive event that results in anther abortion. Sterile pollen exhibits common traits of pollen starvation and impaired starch accumulation due to the inhibition of apoplastic transport starting from the LM stage, which is regulated by cell wall invertase TaIVR1 and Suc transporter TaSUT1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huanting Gao
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yongang Yu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qichao Wei
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Qili Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Mingjiu Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Eryong Chen
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Puwen Song
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojia Su
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guan
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Mei Qiao
- College of Science and Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Zhengang Ru
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Centre of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Hybrid Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Chengwei Li
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Crop Genome Editing, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yao Q, Li P, Wang X, Liao S, Wang P, Huang S. Molecular mechanisms underlying the negative effects of transient heatwaves on crop fertility. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024:101009. [PMID: 38915200 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Transient heatwaves occurring more frequently as the climate warms, yet their impacts on crop yield are severely underestimated and even overlooked. Heatwaves lasting only a few days or even hours during sensitive stages, such as microgametogenesis and flowering, can significantly reduce crop yield by disrupting plant reproduction. Recent advances in multi-omics and GWAS analysis have shed light on the specific organs (e.g., pollen, lodicule, style), key metabolic pathways (sugar and reactive oxygen species metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis), and essential genes that are involved in crop responses to transient heatwaves during sensitive stages. This review therefore places particular emphasis on heat-sensitive stages, with pollen development, floret opening, pollination, and fertilization as the central narrative thread. The multifaceted effects of transient heatwaves and their molecular basis are systematically reviewed, with a focus on key structures such as the lodicule and tapetum. A number of heat-tolerance genes associated with these processes have been identified in major crops like maize and rice. The mechanisms and key heat-tolerance genes shared among different stages may facilitate the more precise improvement of heat-tolerant crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuhua Liao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pu Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shoubing Huang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Biswas R, Chaudhuri S. AtHMGB15 regulates tapetal apoptosis in pollen development and actin dynamics during pollen germination in arabidopsis. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2024:10.1007/s00497-024-00505-x. [PMID: 38904831 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-024-00505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE ARID-HMG DNA binding protein, AtHMGB15, regulates pollen development and pollen germination in Arabidopsis. Previous studies have shown that ARID-HMG DNA binding protein, AtHMGB15 regulate pollen development and pollen germination in Arabidopsis. Here, we performed transcriptome and cytological studies to understand the role of AtHMGB15 in regulating pollen wall morphology and the pollen tube germination rate. Our result showed abnormal vacuolization in the tapetal cells during anther maturation and prolonged PCD in AtHMGB15 loss-of-function mutant. The tapetum has the ability to perform both secretory and biosynthetic activities critical for pollen maturation and pollen viability. Interestingly, expression of PCD executer genes CEP1, MC9 and RNS3 were significant down-regulation of in athmgb15-4. The growth of pollen tubes is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton dynamics. To address the defect in pollen tube growth of athmgb15, we monitored the actin network in growing pollen tubes of wildtype and athmgb15-4 using Rhodamine-phalloidin fluorescence. Our results indicate a highly fragmented actin distribution in athmgb15-4 pollen tubes with a lesser number of long actin fibers and significantly low f-actin concentration at the apex. q-RTPCR further indicates significant downy-regulation of actin regulatory proteins VLN2 and PRF4. Collectively, our results suggest that AtHMGB15 being a nuclear architectural protein orchestrates high-order chromatin organization to promote the transcription of genes responsible for pollen development and pollen germination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India
| | - Shubho Chaudhuri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Unified Academic Campus, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700091, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xiao L, Wang X, Jiang Y, Ye B, Yu K, Wang Q, Yang X, Zhang J, Ouyang Q, Jin H, Tian E. Lipid and sugar metabolism play an essential role in pollen development and male sterility: a case analysis in Brassica napus. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14394. [PMID: 38894535 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The genic male sterility (GMS) system is an important strategy for generating heterosis in plants. To better understand the essential role of lipid and sugar metabolism and to identify additional candidates for pollen development and male sterility, transcriptome and metabolome analysis of a GMS line of 1205AB in B. napus was used as a case study. DATA RESOURCES GENERATED To characterize the GMS system, the transcriptome and metabolome profiles were generated for 24 samples and 48 samples of 1205AB in B. napus, respectively. Transcriptome analysis yielded a total of 156.52 Gb of clean data and revealed the expression levels of 109,541 genes and 8,501 novel genes. In addition, a total of 1,353 metabolites were detected in the metabolomic analysis, including 784 in positive ion mode and 569 in negative ion mode. KEY RESULTS A total of 15,635 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 83 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified from different comparison groups, most of which were involved in lipid and sugar metabolism. The combination of transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed 49 orthologous GMS genes related to lipid metabolism and 46 orthologous GMS genes related to sugar metabolism, as well as 45 novel genes. UTILITY OF THE RESOURCE The transcriptome and metabolome profiles and their analysis provide useful reference data for the future discovery of additional GMS genes and the development of more robust male sterility breeding systems for use in the production of plant hybrids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Xiao
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianya Wang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yingfen Jiang
- Institute of Crop Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei, China
| | - Botao Ye
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kunjiang Yu
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinze Zhang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qingjing Ouyang
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hairui Jin
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Entang Tian
- Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu R, Chong L, Zhu Y. Mediator kinase subunit CDK8 phosphorylates transcription factor TCP15 during tomato pollen development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:865-878. [PMID: 38365204 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Pollen development in flowering plants has strong implications for reproductive success. Pollen DNA can be targeted to improve plant traits for yield and stress tolerance. In this study, we demonstrated that the Mediator subunit CYCLIN-DEPENDENT KINASE 8 (CDK8) is a key modulator of pollen development in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). SlCDK8 knockout led to significant decreases in pollen viability, fruit yield, and fruit seed number. We also found that SlCDK8 directly interacts with transcription factor TEOSINTE BRANCHED1-CYCLOIDEA-PCF15 (SlTCP15) using yeast two-hybrid screens. We subsequently showed that SlCDK8 phosphorylates Ser 187 of SlTCP15 to promote SlTCP15 stability. Phosphorylated TCP15 directly bound to the TGGGCY sequence in the promoters of DYSFUNCTIONAL TAPETUM 1 (SlDYT1) and MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 103 (SlMYB103), which are responsible for pollen development. Consistently, disruption of SlTCP15 resembled slcdk8 tomato mutants. In sum, our work identified a new substrate of Mediator CDK8 and revealed an important regulatory role of SlCDK8 in pollen development via cooperation with SlTCP15.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Leelyn Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Yingfang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Sanya Institute of Henan University, Sanya, Hainan 570203, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wei X, Wang X, Zhao Y, Chen W, Nath UK, Yang S, Su H, Wang Z, Zhang W, Tian B, Wei F, Yuan Y, Zhang X. Transcriptome analysis reveals the potential lncRNA-mRNA modules involved in genetic male sterility and fertility of Chinese cabbage (brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:289. [PMID: 38627624 PMCID: PMC11020818 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression vital for the growth and development of plants. Despite this, the role of lncRNAs in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) pollen development and male fertility remains poorly understood. RESULTS In this study, we characterized a recessive genic male sterile mutant (366-2 S), where the delayed degradation of tapetum and the failure of tetrad separation primarily led to the inability to form single microspores, resulting in male sterility. To analyze the role of lncRNAs in pollen development, we conducted a comparative lncRNA sequencing using anthers from the male sterile mutant line (366-2 S) and the wild-type male fertile line (366-2 F). We identified 385 differentially expressed lncRNAs between the 366-2 F and 366-2 S lines, with 172 of them potentially associated with target genes. To further understand the alterations in mRNA expression and explore potential lncRNA-target genes (mRNAs), we performed comparative mRNA transcriptome analysis in the anthers of 366-2 S and 366-2 F at two stages. We identified 1,176 differentially expressed mRNAs. Remarkably, GO analysis revealed significant enrichment in five GO terms, most notably involving mRNAs annotated as pectinesterase and polygalacturonase, which play roles in cell wall degradation. The considerable downregulation of these genes might contribute to the delayed degradation of tapetum in 366-2 S. Furthermore, we identified 15 lncRNA-mRNA modules through Venn diagram analysis. Among them, MSTRG.9997-BraA04g004630.3 C (β-1,3-glucanase) is associated with callose degradation and tetrad separation. Additionally, MSTRG.5212-BraA02g040020.3 C (pectinesterase) and MSTRG.13,532-BraA05g030320.3 C (pectinesterase) are associated with cell wall degradation of the tapetum, indicating that these three candidate lncRNA-mRNA modules potentially regulate pollen development. CONCLUSION This study lays the foundation for understanding the roles of lncRNAs in pollen development and for elucidating their molecular mechanisms in regulating male sterility in Chinese cabbage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Wei
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Ujjal Kumar Nath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Shuangjuan Yang
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Henan Su
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China
| | - Baoming Tian
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Yuxiang Yuan
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Graduate T & R Base of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lv G, Li Y, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Li X, Wang T, Ren W, Liu L, Chen J, Zhang Y. Maize actin depolymerizing factor 1 (ZmADF1) negatively regulates pollen development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149637. [PMID: 38354464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The normal development of pollen grains and the completion of double fertilization in embryos are crucial for both the sexual reproduction of angiosperms and grain production. Actin depolymerizing factor (ADF) regulates growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stress by binding to actin in plants. In this study, the function of the ZmADF1 gene was validated through bioinformatic analysis, subcellular localization, overexpression in maize and Arabidopsis, and knockout via CRISPR/Cas9. The amino acid sequence of ZmADF1 exhibited high conservation and a similar tertiary structure to that of ADF homologs. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that ZmADF1 is localized mainly to the nucleus and cytoplasm. The ZmADF1 gene was specifically expressed in maize pollen, and overexpression of the ZmADF1 gene decreased the number of pollen grains in the anthers of transgenic Arabidopsis plants. The germination rate of pollen and the empty seed shell rate in the fruit pods of the overexpressing plants were significantly greater than those in the wild-type (WT) plants. In maize, the pollen viability of the knockout lines was significantly greater than that of both the WT and the overexpressing lines. Our results confirmed that the ZmADF1 gene was specifically expressed in pollen and negatively regulated pollen quantity, vigor, germination rate, and seed setting rate. This study provides insights into ADF gene function and possible pathways for improving high-yield maize breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Lv
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310004, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhengxin Wu
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310004, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310004, China
| | - Tingzheng Wang
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310004, China
| | - Wenchuang Ren
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
| | - Jianjian Chen
- Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310004, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi D, Huang H, Zhang Y, Qian Z, Du J, Huang L, Yan X, Lin S. The roles of non-coding RNAs in male reproductive development and abiotic stress responses during this unique process in flowering plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 341:111995. [PMID: 38266717 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Successful male reproductive development is the guarantee for sexual reproduction of flowering plants. Male reproductive development is a complicated and multi-stage process that integrates physiological processes and adaptation and tolerance to a myriad of environmental stresses. This well-coordinated process is governed by genetic and epigenetic machineries. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play pleiotropic roles in the plant growth and development. The identification, characterization and functional analysis of ncRNAs and their target genes have opened a new avenue for comprehensively revealing the regulatory network of male reproductive development and its response to environmental stresses in plants. This review briefly addresses the types, origin, biogenesis and mechanisms of ncRNAs in plants, highlights important updates on the roles of ncRNAs in regulating male reproductive development and emphasizes the contribution of ncRNAs, especially miRNAs and lncRNAs, in responses to abiotic stresses during this unique process in flowering plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dexi Shi
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huiting Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhihao Qian
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiao Du
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li Huang
- Laboratory of Cell & Molecular Biology, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiufeng Yan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Sue Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yin GM, Fang YR, Wang JG, Liu Y, Xiang X, Li S, Zhang Y. Arabidopsis HAPLESS13/AP-1µ is critical for pollen sac formation and tapetal function. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 341:111998. [PMID: 38307351 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.111998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The production of excess and viable pollen grains is critical for reproductive success of flowering plants. Pollen grains are produced within anthers, the male reproductive organ whose development involves precisely controlled cell differentiation, division, and intercellular communication. In Arabidopsis thaliana, specification of an archesporial cell (AC) at four corners of a developing anther, followed by programmed cell divisions, generates four pollen sacs, walled by four cell layers among which the tapetum is in close contact with developing microspores. Tapetum secretes callose-dissolving enzymes to release microspores at early stages and undergoes programmed cell death (PCD) to deliver nutrients and signals for microspore development at later stages. Except for transcription factors, plasma membrane (PM)-associated and secretory peptides have also been demonstrated to mediate anther development. Adaptor protein complexes (AP) recruit both cargos and coat proteins during vesicle trafficking. Arabidopsis AP-1µ/HAPLESS13 (HAP13) is a core component of AP-1 for protein sorting at the trans-Golgi network/early endosomes (TGN/EE). We report here that Arabidopsis HAP13 is critical for pollen sac formation and for sporophytic control of pollen production. Functional loss of HAP13 causes a reduction in pollen sac number. It also results in the dysfunction of tapetum such that secretory function of tapetum at early stages and PCD of tapetum at later stages are both compromised. We further show that the expression of SPL, the polar distribution of auxin maximum, as well as the asymmetric distribution of PIN1 are interfered in hap13 anthers, which in combination may lead to male sterility in hap13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Min Yin
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi-Ru Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jia-Gang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xiaojiao Xiang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Salami M, Heidari B, Alizadeh B, Batley J, Wang J, Tan XL, Dadkhodaie A, Richards C. Dissection of quantitative trait nucleotides and candidate genes associated with agronomic and yield-related traits under drought stress in rapeseed varieties: integration of genome-wide association study and transcriptomic analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1342359. [PMID: 38567131 PMCID: PMC10985355 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1342359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Introduction An important strategy to combat yield loss challenge is the development of varieties with increased tolerance to drought to maintain production. Improvement of crop yield under drought stress is critical to global food security. Methods In this study, we performed multiomics analysis in a collection of 119 diverse rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties to dissect the genetic control of agronomic traits in two watering regimes [well-watered (WW) and drought stress (DS)] for 3 years. In the DS treatment, irrigation continued till the 50% pod development stage, whereas in the WW condition, it was performed throughout the whole growing season. Results The results of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 52,157 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed 1,281 SNPs associated with traits. Six stable SNPs showed sequence variation for flowering time between the two irrigation conditions across years. Three novel SNPs on chromosome C04 for plant weight were located within drought tolerance-related gene ABCG16, and their pleiotropically effects on seed weight per plant and seed yield were characterized. We identified the C02 peak as a novel signal for flowering time, harboring 52.77% of the associated SNPs. The 288-kbps LD decay distance analysis revealed 2,232 candidate genes (CGs) associated with traits. The CGs BIG1-D, CAND1, DRG3, PUP10, and PUP21 were involved in phytohormone signaling and pollen development with significant effects on seed number, seed weight, and grain yield in drought conditions. By integrating GWAS and RNA-seq, 215 promising CGs were associated with developmental process, reproductive processes, cell wall organization, and response to stress. GWAS and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of leaf and seed in the yield contrasting accessions identified BIG1-D, CAND1, and DRG3 genes for yield variation. Discussion The results of our study provide insights into the genetic control of drought tolerance and the improvement of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for breeding high-yield and drought-tolerant varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Salami
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Heidari
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Alizadeh
- Oil Crops Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension, Organization, (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Jacqueline Batley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Li Tan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Ali Dadkhodaie
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Christopher Richards
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service (ARS), National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xie S, Luo H, Huang W, Jin W, Dong Z. Striking a growth-defense balance: Stress regulators that function in maize development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:424-442. [PMID: 37787439 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) cultivation is strongly affected by both abiotic and biotic stress, leading to reduced growth and productivity. It has recently become clear that regulators of plant stress responses, including the phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), and jasmonic acid (JA), together with reactive oxygen species (ROS), shape plant growth and development. Beyond their well established functions in stress responses, these molecules play crucial roles in balancing growth and defense, which must be finely tuned to achieve high yields in crops while maintaining some level of defense. In this review, we provide an in-depth analysis of recent research on the developmental functions of stress regulators, focusing specifically on maize. By unraveling the contributions of these regulators to maize development, we present new avenues for enhancing maize cultivation and growth while highlighting the potential risks associated with manipulating stress regulators to enhance grain yields in the face of environmental challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Xie
- Maize Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- Maize Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hunan Province, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Breeding of Major Crops, Fresh Corn Research Center of BTH, College of Agronomy & Resources and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Zhaobin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, National Maize Improvement Center, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xie YG, Xiao Y, Yu MY, Yang WC. Acyl-CoA synthetase 1 plays an important role on pollen development and male fertility in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108523. [PMID: 38492487 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The development of pollen is critical to male reproduction in flowering plants. Acyl-CoA synthetase (ACOS) genes play conserved functions in regulating pollen development in various plants. Our previous work found that knockout of the SlACOS1 gene in tomato might decrease fruit setting. The current study further revealed that SlACOS1 was important to pollen development and male fertility. The SlACOS1 gene was preferentially expressed in the stamen of the flower with the highest expression at the tetrad stage of anther development. Mutation of the SlACOS1 gene by the CRISPR/Cas9-editing system reduced pollen number and viability as well as fruit setting. The tapetum layer exhibited premature degradation and the pollen showed abnormal development appearing irregular, shriveled, or anucleate in Slacos1 mutants at the tetrad stage. The fatty acid metabolism in anthers was significantly impacted by mutation of the SlACOS1 gene. Furthermore, targeted fatty acids profiling using GC-MS found that contents of most fatty acids except C18:1 and C18:2 were reduced. Yeast complementation assay demonstrated that the substrate preferences of SlACOS1 were C16:0 and C18:0 fatty acids. Male fertility of Slacos1 mutant could be slightly restored by applying exogenous palmitic acid, a type of C16:0 fatty acid. Taken together, SlACOS1 played important roles on pollen development and male fertility by regulating the fatty acid metabolism and the development of tapetum and tetrad. Our findings will facilitate unraveling the mechanism of pollen development and male fertility in tomato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ge Xie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Root and Tuber Crops Biology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Meng-Yi Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wen-Cai Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, Department of Vegetable Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang P, Liu WC, Han C, Wang S, Bai MY, Song CP. Reactive oxygen species: Multidimensional regulators of plant adaptation to abiotic stress and development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:330-367. [PMID: 38116735 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as undesirable by-products of metabolism in various cellular compartments, especially in response to unfavorable environmental conditions, throughout the life cycle of plants. Stress-induced ROS production disrupts normal cellular function and leads to oxidative damage. To cope with excessive ROS, plants are equipped with a sophisticated antioxidative defense system consisting of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components that scavenge ROS or inhibit their harmful effects on biomolecules. Nonetheless, when maintained at relatively low levels, ROS act as signaling molecules that regulate plant growth, development, and adaptation to adverse conditions. Here, we provide an overview of current approaches for detecting ROS. We also discuss recent advances in understanding ROS signaling, ROS metabolism, and the roles of ROS in plant growth and responses to various abiotic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Chao Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Situ Wang
- Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, H3B1X8, Canada
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wei Y, Li A, Zhao Y, Li W, Dong Z, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Zhang H, Gao Y, Zhang Q. Time-Course Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Molecular Insights into the Inflorescence and Flower Development of Cardiocrinum giganteum. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:649. [PMID: 38475495 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Cardiocrinum giganteum is an endemic species of east Asia which is famous for its showy inflorescence and medicinal bulbs. Its inflorescence is a determinate raceme and the flowers bloom synchronously. Morphological observation and time-course transcriptomic analysis were combined to study the process of inflorescence and flower development of C. giganteum. The results show that the autonomic pathway, GA pathway, and the vernalization pathway are involved in the flower formation pathway of C. giganteum. A varied ABCDE flowering model was deduced from the main development process. Moreover, it was found that the flowers in different parts of the raceme in C. giganteum gradually synchronized during development, which is highly important for both evolution and ecology. The results obtained in this work improve our understanding of the process and mechanism of inflorescence and flower development and could be useful for the flowering period regulation and breeding of C. giganteum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Ex Situ Conservation, Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Aihua Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Ex Situ Conservation, Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yiran Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wenqi Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Ex Situ Conservation, Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhiyang Dong
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Ex Situ Conservation, Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Ex Situ Conservation, Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yuntao Zhu
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Ex Situ Conservation, Beijing Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yike Gao
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment, School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fábián A, Péntek BK, Soós V, Sági L. Heat stress during male meiosis impairs cytoskeletal organization, spindle assembly and tapetum degeneration in wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1314021. [PMID: 38259921 PMCID: PMC10800805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1314021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The significance of heat stress in agriculture is ever-increasing with the progress of global climate changes. Due to a negative effect on the yield of staple crops, including wheat, the impairment of plant reproductive development triggered by high ambient temperature became a restraint in food production. Although the heat sensitivity of male meiosis and the following gamete development in wheat has long been recognized, a detailed structural characterization combined with a comprehensive gene expression analysis has not been done about this phenomenon. We demonstrate here that heat stress severely alters the cytoskeletal configuration, triggers the failure of meiotic division in wheat. Moreover, it changes the expression of genes related to gamete development in male meiocytes and the tapetum layer in a genotype-dependent manner. 'Ellvis', a heat-tolerant winter wheat cultivar, showed high spikelet fertility rate and only scarce structural aberrations upon exposure to high temperature. In addition, heat shock genes and genes involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species were significantly upregulated in 'Ellvis', and the expression of meiosis-specific and major developmental genes showed high stability in this cultivar. In the heat-sensitive 'Mv 17-09', however, genes participating in cytoskeletal fiber nucleation, the spindle assembly checkpoint genes, and tapetum-specific developmental regulators were downregulated. These alterations may be related to the decreased cytoskeleton content, frequent micronuclei formation, and the erroneous persistence of the tapetum layer observed in the sensitive genotype. Our results suggest that understanding the heat-sensitive regulation of these gene functions would be an essential contribution to the development of new, heat-tolerant cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Fábián
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | | | - Vilmos Soós
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - László Sági
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
- Agribiotechnology and Precision Breeding for Food Security National Laboratory, Plant Biotechnology Section, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Research Network, Martonvásár, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang J, Shi J, Zeng K, Cai M, Lan X. Transcriptomic landscape of staminate catkins development during overwintering process in Betula platyphylla. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1249122. [PMID: 38259941 PMCID: PMC10801112 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1249122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Betula platyphylla, belonging to the cold-specialized lineage Betulaceae, exhibits a unique reproductive strategy where staminate catkins emerge in the first summer and undergo an overwintering process, culminating in flowering in the following year. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the male germline development of B. platyphylla in four distinct stages: microsporocytes in Oct. (S1), uninuclear microspores from Dec. (S2) to Mar. of the following year (S3), and bicellular microspores in Apr. (S4). We performed RNA sequencing on mature pollen and the four stages of staminate catkins. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we identified five highly correlated gene modules with distinct expression profiles. These modules exhibited strong correlations with sugar metabolism, cell cycle, flowering, and cell wall dynamics, highlighting their dynamic roles during male germline developmental stages. During the overwintering process, we observed that the expression of transcription factors such as BpDUO1 and BpAMS at the appropriate developmental stages, suggests their significant roles in male germline development. The expression patterns of BpFLC and BpFT suggest their potential involvement in temperature perception during male reproductive development. These findings offer valuable insights into the reproductive success of plants adapting to cold environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xingguo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kato M, Watari M, Tsuge T, Zhong S, Gu H, Qu LJ, Fujiwara T, Aoyama T. Redundant function of the Arabidopsis phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase genes PIP5K4-6 is essential for pollen germination. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:212-225. [PMID: 37828913 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIP5K) is a key enzyme producing the signaling lipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2 ] in eukaryotes. Although PIP5K genes are reported to be involved in pollen tube germination and growth, the essential roles of PIP5K in these processes remain unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive genetic analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana PIP5K4, PIP5K5, and PIP5K6 genes and revealed that their redundant function is essential for pollen germination. Pollen with the pip5k4pip5k5pip5k6 triple mutation was sterile, while pollen germination efficiency and pollen tube growth were reduced in the pip5k6 single mutant and further reduced in the pip5k4pip5k6 and pip5k5pip5k6 double mutants. YFP-fusion proteins, PIP5K4-YFP, PIP5K5-YFP, and PIP5K6-YFP, which could rescue the sterility of the triple mutant pollen, preferentially localized to the tricolpate aperture area and the future germination site on the plasma membrane prior to germination. Triple mutant pollen grains under the germination condition, in which spatiotemporal localization of the PtdIns(4,5)P2 fluorescent marker protein 2xmCHERRY-2xPHPLC as seen in the wild type was abolished, exhibited swelling and rupture of the pollen wall, but neither the conspicuous protruding site nor site-specific deposition of cell wall materials for germination. These data indicate that PIP5K4-6 and their product PtdIns(4,5)P2 are essential for pollen germination, possibly through the establishment of the germination polarity in a pollen grain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kato
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Machiko Watari
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tsuge
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Sheng Zhong
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hongya Gu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Li-Jia Qu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Takashi Fujiwara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takashi Aoyama
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
An X, Zhang S, Jiang Y, Liu X, Fang C, Wang J, Zhao L, Hou Q, Zhang J, Wan X. CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing of 14 lipid metabolic genes reveals a sporopollenin metabolon ZmPKSB-ZmTKPR1-1/-2 required for pollen exine formation in maize. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:216-232. [PMID: 37792967 PMCID: PMC10754010 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid biosynthesis and transport are essential for plant male reproduction. Compared with Arabidopsis and rice, relatively fewer maize lipid metabolic genic male-sterility (GMS) genes have been identified, and the sporopollenin metabolon in maize anther remains unknown. Here, we identified two maize GMS genes, ZmTKPR1-1 and ZmTKPR1-2, by CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis of 14 lipid metabolic genes with anther stage-specific expression patterns. Among them, tkpr1-1/-2 double mutants displayed complete male sterility with delayed tapetum degradation and abortive pollen. ZmTKPR1-1 and ZmTKPR1-2 encode tetraketide α-pyrone reductases and have catalytic activities in reducing tetraketide α-pyrone produced by ZmPKSB (polyketide synthase B). Several conserved catalytic sites (S128/130, Y164/166 and K168/170 in ZmTKPR1-1/-2) are essential for their enzymatic activities. Both ZmTKPR1-1 and ZmTKPR1-2 are directly activated by ZmMYB84, and their encoded proteins are localized in both the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclei. Based on protein structure prediction, molecular docking, site-directed mutagenesis and biochemical assays, the sporopollenin biosynthetic metabolon ZmPKSB-ZmTKPR1-1/-2 was identified to control pollen exine formation in maize anther. Although ZmTKPR1-1/-2 and ZmPKSB formed a protein complex, their mutants showed different, even opposite, defective phenotypes of anther cuticle and pollen exine. Our findings discover new maize GMS genes that can contribute to male-sterility line-assisted maize breeding and also provide new insights into the metabolon-regulated sporopollenin biosynthesis in maize anther.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueli An
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology BreedingYili Normal UniversityYiningChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| | - Shaowei Zhang
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yilin Jiang
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xinze Liu
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chaowei Fang
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jing Wang
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lina Zhao
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
| | - Quancan Hou
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
| | - Juan Zhang
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology BreedingYili Normal UniversityYiningChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Institute of Biology and AgricultureUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina
- Industry Research Institute of Biotechnology BreedingYili Normal UniversityYiningChina
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural BiosciencesBeijingChina
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio‐Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio‐Tech BreedingBeijing Solidwill Sci‐Tech Co. Ltd.BeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jia W, Li X, Wang R, Duan Q, He J, Gao J, Wang J. Disruption of the Contents of Endogenous Hormones Cause Pollen Development Obstruction and Abortion in Male-Sterile Hybrid Lily Populations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3804. [PMID: 38005701 PMCID: PMC10674860 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Lilies are well-known flowers with large anthers and a high quantity of pollen that easily contaminates clothing and tepals. The anthers need to be artificially removed, leading to production problems. Cultivating male-sterile or pollen-free lilies could solve these problems. The key period of male sterility in a specific male-sterile hybrid lily population was determined through cytological observation. The contents of hormones, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry and colorimetry. Transcriptome sequencing was used to identify the genes with altered expression. The key period of male sterility was determined to be the microspore mother and tetrad stages. The hormone contents were abnormal in the sterile line compared with the fertile line. The indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content was higher in the sterile line than in the fertile line at all stages, while the gibberellic acid 4 (GA4) content showed the opposite result. Abscisic acid (ABA) accumulated in the sterile line in both the microspore mother and tetrad stages, and the zeatin riboside (ZR) content in the sterile line increased at the microspore mother stage but decreased at the tetrad stage. The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline were higher in the fertile line than in the sterile line. Genes involved in auxin and ABA synthesis and signalling pathways were highly expressed in the male-sterile line. Our data suggested that abnormal contents of hormones in the microspore mother and tetrad stages resulted in pollen abortion in a male-sterile hybrid lily population, which indicated that the hormone balance in specific stages plays critical functions in pollen development in lilies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.J.); (R.W.)
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Kunming 650000, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Kunming 650000, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.)
| | - Rui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.J.); (R.W.)
| | - Qing Duan
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Kunming 650000, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.)
| | - Junna He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.J.); (R.W.)
| | - Junping Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (W.J.); (R.W.)
| | - Jihua Wang
- Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Kunming 650000, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Fang X, Feng X, Sun X, Yang X, Li Q, Yang X, Xu J, Zhou M, Lin C, Sui Y, Zhao L, Liu B, Kong F, Zhang C, Li M. Natural variation of MS2 confers male fertility and drives hybrid breeding in soybean. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:2322-2332. [PMID: 37475199 PMCID: PMC10579707 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
A complete and genetically stable male sterile line with high outcrossing rate is a prerequisite for the development of commercial hybrid soybean. It was reported in the last century that the soybean male sterile ms2 mutant has the highest record with seed set. Here we report the cloning and characterization of the MS2 gene in soybean, which encodes a protein that is specifically expressed in the anther. MS2 functions in the tapetum and microspore by directly regulating genes involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the lipid metabolism, which is essential for the formation of microspore cell wall. Through comparison of the field performance with the widely used male sterile mutants in the same genetic background, we demonstrated that the ms2 mutant conducts the best in outcrossing rate and makes it an ideal tool in building a cost-effective hybrid system for soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiangchi Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyuan Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina
| | - Xulei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Jie Xu
- Core Facility and Technical Service Center for SLSB, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Minghui Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chunjing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Yi Sui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Limei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Baohui Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chunbao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Meina Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zang R, Shahzad K, Zhang X, Guo L, Qi T, Tang H, Wang R, Wang H, Qiao X, Zhang M, Wu J, Xing C. Dose effects of restorer gene modulate pollen fertility in cotton CMS-D2 restorer lines via auxin signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1705-1719. [PMID: 37715064 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Dose effects of Rf1 gene regulated retrieval mechanism of pollen fertility for CMS-D2 cotton. Cytoplasmic male sterility conditioned by Gossypium harknessii cytoplasm (CMS-D2) is an economical pollination control system for producing hybrid cotton seeds compared to artificial and chemical emasculation methods. However, the unstable restoring ability of restorer lines is a main barrier in the large-scale application of "three-line" hybrid cotton in China. Our phenotypic investigation determined that the homozygous Rf1Rf1 allelic genotype had a stronger ability to generate fertile pollen than the heterozygous Rf1rf1 allelic genotype. To decipher the genetic mechanisms that control the differential levels of pollen fertility, an integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis was performed at two environments using pollen grains of four cotton genotypes differing in Rf1 alleles or cytoplasm. Totally 5,391 differential metabolite features were detected, and 369 specific differential metabolites (DMs) were identified between homozygous and heterozygous Rf1 allelic genotypes with CMS-D2 cytoplasm. In addition, transcriptome analysis identified 2,490 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 96 unique hub DEGs with dynamic regulation in this comparative combination. Further integrated analyses revealed that several key DEGs and DMs involved in indole biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and sugar metabolism had strong network linkage with fertility restoration. In vitro application of auxin analogue NAA and inhibitor Auxinole confirmed that over-activated auxin signaling might inhibit pollen development, whereas suppressing auxin signaling partially promoted pollen development in CMS-D2 cotton. Our results provide new insight into how the dosage effects of the Rf1 gene regulate pollen fertility of CMS-D2 cotton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Kashif Shahzad
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xuexian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Liping Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Tingxiang Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Huini Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiuqin Qiao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Jianyong Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Chaozhu Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bollier N, Micol-Ponce R, Dakdaki A, Maza E, Zouine M, Djari A, Bouzayen M, Chevalier C, Delmas F, Gonzalez N, Hernould M. Various tomato cultivars display contrasting morphological and molecular responses to a chronic heat stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1278608. [PMID: 37965003 PMCID: PMC10642206 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1278608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is one of the biggest threats that human society currently needs to face. Heat waves associated with global warming negatively affect plant growth and development and will increase in intensity and frequency in the coming years. Tomato is one of the most produced and consumed fruit in the world but remarkable yield losses occur every year due to the sensitivity of many cultivars to heat stress (HS). New insights into how tomato plants are responding to HS will contribute to the development of cultivars with high yields under harsh temperature conditions. In this study, the analysis of microsporogenesis and pollen germination rate of eleven tomato cultivars after exposure to a chronic HS revealed differences between genotypes. Pollen development was either delayed and/or desynchronized by HS depending on the cultivar considered. In addition, except for two, pollen germination was abolished by HS in all cultivars. The transcriptome of floral buds at two developmental stages (tetrad and pollen floral buds) of five cultivars revealed common and specific molecular responses implemented by tomato cultivars to cope with chronic HS. These data provide valuable insights into the diversity of the genetic response of floral buds from different cultivars to HS and may contribute to the development of future climate resilient tomato varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N. Bollier
- INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, BFP, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - A. Dakdaki
- INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, BFP, Bordeaux, France
| | - E. Maza
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Toulouse, France
| | - M. Zouine
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Toulouse, France
| | - A. Djari
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Toulouse, France
| | - M. Bouzayen
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, Toulouse, France
| | - C. Chevalier
- INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, BFP, Bordeaux, France
| | - F. Delmas
- INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, BFP, Bordeaux, France
| | - N. Gonzalez
- INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, BFP, Bordeaux, France
| | - M. Hernould
- INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, BFP, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Guo T, Jiang L, Li B, Jiang H, Zheng T, Luo J, He Y. ZmRPN1 confers quantitative variation in pollen number and boosts hybrid seed production in maize. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:1978-1989. [PMID: 37341033 PMCID: PMC10502757 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
The number of pollen grains is a critical determinant of reproductive success in seed plants and varies among species and individuals. However, in contrast with many mutant-screening studies relevant to anther and pollen development, the natural genetic basis for variations in pollen number remains largely unexplored. To address this issue, we carried out a genome-wide association study in maize, ultimately revealing that a large presence/absence variation in the promoter region of ZmRPN1 alters its expression level and thereby contributes to pollen number variation. Molecular analyses showed that ZmRPN1 interacts with ZmMSP1, which is known as a germline cell number regulator, and facilitates ZmMSP1 localization to the plasma membrane. Importantly, ZmRPN1 dysfunction resulted in a substantial increase in pollen number, consequently boosting seed production by increasing female-male planting ratio. Together, our findings uncover a key gene controlling pollen number, and therefore, modulation of ZmRPN1 expression could be efficiently used to develop elite pollinators for modern hybrid maize breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lu‐Guang Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Bo Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Huan Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tong‐Xin Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jin‐Hong Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, National Maize Improvement Center of ChinaChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hua M, Yin W, Fernández Gómez J, Tidy A, Xing G, Zong J, Shi S, Wilson ZA. Barley TAPETAL DEVELOPMENT and FUNCTION1 (HvTDF1) gene reveals conserved and unique roles in controlling anther tapetum development in dicot and monocot plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:173-190. [PMID: 37563927 PMCID: PMC10952600 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The anther tapetum helps control microspore release and essential components for pollen wall formation. TAPETAL DEVELOPMENT and FUNCTION1 (TDF1) is an essential R2R3 MYB tapetum transcription factor in Arabidopsis thaliana; however, little is known about pollen development in the temperate monocot barley. Here, we characterize the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) TDF1 ortholog using reverse genetics and transcriptomics. Spatial/temporal expression analysis indicates HvTDF1 has tapetum-specific expression during anther stage 7/8. Homozygous barley hvtdf1 mutants exhibit male sterility with retarded tapetum development, delayed tapetum endomitosis and cell wall degeneration, resulting in enlarged, vacuolated tapetum surrounding collapsing microspores. Transient protein expression and dual-luciferase assays show TDF1 is a nuclear-localized, transcription activator, that directly activates osmotin proteins. Comparison of hvtdf1 transcriptome data revealed several pathways were delayed, endorsing the observed retarded anther morphology. Arabidopsis tdf1 mutant fertility was recovered by HvTDF1, supporting a conserved role for TDF1 in monocots and dicots. This indicates that tapetum development shares similarity between monocot and dicots; however, barley HvTDF1 appears to uniquely act as a modifier to activate tapetum gene expression pathways, which are subsequently also induced by other factors. Therefore, the absence of HvTDF1 results in delayed developmental progression rather than pathway failure, although inevitably still results in pollen degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaoyuan Hua
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLoughboroughLeicsLE12 5RDUK
- School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Wenzhe Yin
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLoughboroughLeicsLE12 5RDUK
| | | | - Alison Tidy
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLoughboroughLeicsLE12 5RDUK
| | - Guangwei Xing
- Goethe University Frankfurt am MainMax‐von‐Laue Str. 9Frankfurt am Main60438Germany
| | - Jie Zong
- School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
| | - Shuya Shi
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLoughboroughLeicsLE12 5RDUK
| | - Zoe A. Wilson
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton Bonington CampusLoughboroughLeicsLE12 5RDUK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Anand S, Lal M, Bhardwaj E, Shukla R, Pokhriyal E, Jain A, Sri T, Srivastava PS, Singh A, Das S. MIR159 regulates multiple aspects of stamen and carpel development and requires dissection and delimitation of differential downstream regulatory network for manipulating fertility traits. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1437-1456. [PMID: 38076769 PMCID: PMC10709278 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Unravelling genetic networks regulating developmental programs are key to devising and implementing genomics assisted trait modification strategies. It is crucial to understand the role of small RNAs, and the basis of their ability to modify traits. MIR159 has been previously reported to cause defects in anther development in Arabidopsis; however, the complete spectrum and basis of the defects remained unclear. The present study was therefore undertaken to comprehensively investigate the role of miR159 from Brassica juncea in modulating vegetative and reproductive traits. Owing to the polyploid nature of Brassica, paralogous and homeologous copies of MIR159A, MIR159B, and, MIR159C were identified and analysis of the precursor uncovered extensive structural and sequence variation. The MIR159 locus with mature miR159 with perfect target complimentarily with MYB65, was cloned from Brassica juncea var. Varuna for functional characterization by generating constitutively over-expressing lines in Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0. Apart from statistically significant difference in multiple vegetative traits, drastic differences were observed in stamen and pistil. Over-expression of miR159a led to shortening of filament length and loss of tetradynamous condition. Anthers were apiculate, with improper lobe formation, and unsynchronized cellular growth between connective tissue and another lobe development. Analysis revealed arrested meiosis/cytokinesis in microspores, and altered lignin deposition pattern in endothecial walls thus affecting anther dehiscence. In the gynoecium, flaccid, dry stigmatic papillae, and large embryo sac in the female gametophyte was observed. Over-expression of miR159a thus severely affected pollination and seed-set. Analysis of the transcriptome data revealed components of regulatory networks of anther and carpel developmental pathway, and lignin metabolism that are affected. Expression analysis allowed us to position the miR159a-MYB65 module in the genetic network of stamen development, involved in pollen-grain maturation; in GA-mediated regulation of stamen development, and in lignin metabolism. The study, on one hand indicates role of miR159a-MYB65 in regulating multiple aspects of reproductive organ development that can be manipulated for trait modification, but also raises several unaddressed questions such as relationship between miR159a and male-meiosis, miR159a and filament elongation for future investigations. Accession numbers: KC204951-KC204960. Project number PRJNA1035268. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01377-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Anand
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007 India
| | - Mukund Lal
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007 India
| | - Ekta Bhardwaj
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007 India
| | - Richa Shukla
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007 India
| | - Ekta Pokhriyal
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007 India
| | - Aditi Jain
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007 India
| | - Tanu Sri
- TERI School of Advanced Studies, Plot No. 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110 070 India
| | - P. S. Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi 110 062 India
| | - Anandita Singh
- TERI School of Advanced Studies, Plot No. 10, Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi, 110 070 India
| | - Sandip Das
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007 India
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hou Q, An X, Ma B, Wu S, Wei X, Yan T, Zhou Y, Zhu T, Xie K, Zhang D, Li Z, Zhao L, Niu C, Long Y, Liu C, Zhao W, Ni F, Li J, Fu D, Yang ZN, Wan X. ZmMS1/ZmLBD30-orchestrated transcriptional regulatory networks precisely control pollen exine development. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1321-1338. [PMID: 37501369 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Because of its significance for plant male fertility and, hence, direct impact on crop yield, pollen exine development has inspired decades of scientific inquiry. However, the molecular mechanism underlying exine formation and thickness remains elusive. In this study, we identified that a previously unrecognized repressor, ZmMS1/ZmLBD30, controls proper pollen exine development in maize. Using an ms1 mutant with aberrantly thickened exine, we cloned a male-sterility gene, ZmMs1, which encodes a tapetum-specific lateral organ boundary domain transcription factor, ZmLBD30. We showed that ZmMs1/ZmLBD30 is initially turned on by a transcriptional activation cascade of ZmbHLH51-ZmMYB84-ZmMS7, and then it serves as a repressor to shut down this cascade via feedback repression to ensure timely tapetal degeneration and proper level of exine. This activation-feedback repression loop regulating male fertility is conserved in maize and sorghum, and similar regulatory mechanism may also exist in other flowering plants such as rice and Arabidopsis. Collectively, these findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism of pollen exine development by which a long-sought master repressor of upstream activators prevents excessive exine formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quancan Hou
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xueli An
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Biao Ma
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Suowei Wu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Tingwei Yan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Taotao Zhu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ke Xie
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Danfeng Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Canfang Niu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yan Long
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Daolin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Zhong-Nan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing 100192, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ogrodowicz P, Wojciechowicz MK, Kuczyńska A, Krajewski P, Kempa M. The Effects of Growth Modification on Pollen Development in Spring Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes with Contrasting Drought Tolerance. Cells 2023; 12:1656. [PMID: 37371126 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress inducing pollen sterility can reduce crop yield worldwide. The regulatory crosstalk associated with the effects of drought on pollen formation at the cellular level has not been explored in detail so far. In this study, we performed morphological and cytoembryological analysis of anther perturbations and examined pollen development in two spring barley genotypes that differ in earliness and drought tolerance. The Syrian breeding line CamB (drought-tolerant) and the European cultivar Lubuski (drought-sensitive) were used as experimental materials to analyze the drought-induced changes in yield performance, chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics, the pollen grain micromorphology and ultrastructure during critical stages of plant development. In addition, fluctuations in HvGAMYB expression were studied, as this transcription factor is closely associated with the development of the anther. In the experiments, the studied plants were affected by drought, as was confirmed by the analyses of yield performance and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics. However, contrary to our expectations, the pollen development of plants grown under specific conditions was not severely affected. The results also suggest that growth modification, as well as the perturbation in light distribution, can affect the HvGAMYB expression. This study demonstrated that the duration of the vegetation period can influence plant drought responses and, as a consequence, the processes associated with pollen development as every growth modification changes the dynamics of drought effects as well as the duration of plant exposition to drought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Ogrodowicz
- Institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska Street, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Maria Katarzyna Wojciechowicz
- Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, 1 Wieniawskiego Street, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anetta Kuczyńska
- Institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska Street, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska Street, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michał Kempa
- Institute of Plant Genetics Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 Strzeszynska Street, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yu Y, Song W, Zhai N, Zhang S, Wang J, Wang S, Liu W, Huang CH, Ma H, Chai J, Chang F. PXL1 and SERKs act as receptor-coreceptor complexes for the CLE19 peptide to regulate pollen development. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3307. [PMID: 37286549 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gametophyte development in angiosperms occurs within diploid sporophytic structures and requires coordinated development; e.g., development of the male gametophyte pollen depends on the surrounding sporophytic tissue, the tapetum. The mechanisms underlying this interaction remain poorly characterized. The peptide CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED 19 (CLE19) plays a "braking" role in preventing the harmful overexpression of tapetum transcriptional regulators to ensure normal pollen development in Arabidopsis. However, the CLE19 receptor is unknown. Here, we show that CLE19 interacts directly with the PXY-LIKE1 (PXL1) ectodomain and induces PXL1 phosphorylation. PXL1 is also required for the function of CLE19 in maintaining the tapetal transcriptional regulation of pollen exine genes. Additionally, CLE19 induces the interactions of PXL1 with SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) coreceptors required for pollen development. We propose that PXL1 and SERKs act as receptor and coreceptor, respectively, of the extracellular CLE19 signal, thereby regulating tapetum gene expression and pollen development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Wen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nuo Zhai
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Shiting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jianzheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Weijia Liu
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Chien-Hsun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Biology, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, PA, USA
| | - Jijie Chai
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50829, Cologne, Germany
| | - Fang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hung CY, Kittur FS, Wharton KN, Umstead ML, Burwell DB, Thomas M, Qi Q, Zhang J, Oldham CE, Burkey KO, Chen J, Xie J. A Rapid Alkalinization Factor-like Peptide EaF82 Impairs Tapetum Degeneration during Pollen Development through Induced ATP Deficiency. Cells 2023; 12:1542. [PMID: 37296662 PMCID: PMC10252199 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In plants, the timely degeneration of tapetal cells is essential for providing nutrients and other substances to support pollen development. Rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs) are small, cysteine-rich peptides known to be involved in various aspects of plant development and growth, as well as defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the functions of most of them remain unknown, while no RALF has been reported to involve tapetum degeneration. In this study, we demonstrated that a novel cysteine-rich peptide, EaF82, isolated from shy-flowering 'Golden Pothos' (Epipremnum aureum) plants, is a RALF-like peptide and displays alkalinizing activity. Its heterologous expression in Arabidopsis delayed tapetum degeneration and reduced pollen production and seed yields. RNAseq, RT-qPCR, and biochemical analyses showed that overexpression of EaF82 downregulated a group of genes involved in pH changes, cell wall modifications, tapetum degeneration, and pollen maturation, as well as seven endogenous Arabidopsis RALF genes, and decreased proteasome activity and ATP levels. Yeast two-hybrid screening identified AKIN10, a subunit of energy-sensing SnRK1 kinase, as its interacting partner. Our study reveals a possible regulatory role for RALF peptide in tapetum degeneration and suggests that EaF82 action may be mediated through AKIN10 leading to the alteration of transcriptome and energy metabolism, thereby causing ATP deficiency and impairing pollen development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Yueh Hung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - Farooqahmed S. Kittur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - Keely N. Wharton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - Makendra L. Umstead
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - D’Shawna B. Burwell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - Martinique Thomas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - Carla E. Oldham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| | - Kent O. Burkey
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit and Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Environmental Horticulture Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
| | - Jiahua Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute & Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA; (C.-Y.H.); (F.S.K.); (J.Z.); (C.E.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mei X, Zhao Z, Bai Y, Yang Q, Gan Y, Wang W, Li C, Wang J, Cai Y. Salt Tolerant Gene 1 contributes to salt tolerance by maintaining photosystem II activity in maize. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1453-1471. [PMID: 36891878 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major environmental factor limiting crop growth and productivity. Here, we show that Salt-Tolerant Gene 1 (ZmSTG1) contributes to salt tolerance by maintaining photosystem activity in maize. ZmSTG1 encodes an endoplasmic reticulum localized protein and retrotransposon insertion in the promoter region causes differential expression levels in maize inbred lines. Overexpression of ZmSTG1 improved plant growth vigor, and knockout of ZmSTG1 weakened plant growth under normal and salt stress conditions. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses indicated that ZmSTG1 might regulate the expression of lipid trafficking-related genes dependent on the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, thereby increasing the galactolipids and phospholipid concentrations in the photosynthetic membrane under salt stress. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that the knockout of ZmSTG1 led to significant impairment of plant photosystem II (PSII) activity under normal and salt stress conditions, whereas overexpression of ZmSTG1 dramatically improved plant PSII activity under salt stress conditions. We also demonstrated that the application of the salt-tolerant locus could enhance salt tolerance in hybrid maize plants. Taken together, we propose that ZmSTG1 may modulate the lipid composition in the photosynthetic membrane by affecting the expression of lipid trafficking-related genes to maintain the photosynthetic activity of plants under salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiupeng Mei
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zikun Zhao
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuyue Yang
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuling Gan
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenqin Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaofeng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiuguang Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yilin Cai
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang D, Wang Z, Huang X, Xu C. Molecular regulation of tomato male reproductive development. ABIOTECH 2023; 4:72-82. [PMID: 37220538 PMCID: PMC10199995 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-022-00094-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive success of flowering plants, which directly affects crop yield, is sensitive to environmental changes. A thorough understanding of how crop reproductive development adapts to climate changes is vital for ensuring global food security. In addition to being a high-value vegetable crop, tomato is also a model plant used for research on plant reproductive development. Tomato crops are cultivated under highly diverse climatic conditions worldwide. Targeted crosses of hybrid varieties have resulted in increased yields and abiotic stress resistance; however, tomato reproduction, especially male reproductive development, is sensitive to temperature fluctuations, which can lead to aborted male gametophytes, with detrimental effects on fruit set. We herein review the cytological features as well as genetic and molecular pathways influencing tomato male reproductive organ development and responses to abiotic stress. We also compare the shared features among the associated regulatory mechanisms of tomato and other plants. Collectively, this review highlights the opportunities and challenges related to characterizing and exploiting genic male sterility in tomato hybrid breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xiaozhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Cao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Koehler AD, Rossi ML, Carneiro VTC, Cabral GB, Martinelli AP, Dusi DMA. Anther development in Brachiaria brizantha (syn. Urochloa brizantha) and perspective for microspore in vitro culture. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:571-587. [PMID: 35947212 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01802-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brachiaria, a genus from the Poaceae family, is largely cultivated as forage in Brazil. Among the most cultivated varieties of Brachiaria spp., B. brizantha cv. Marandu (syn. Urochloa brizantha) is of great agronomical importance due to the large areas cultivated with this species. This cultivar is apomictic and tetraploid. Sexual diploid genotype is available for this species. The difference in levels of ploidy among sexual and apomictic plants contributes to hindering Brachiaria breeding programs. The induction of haploids and double haploids is of great interest for the generation of new genotypes with potential use in intraspecific crosses. A key factor for the success of this technique is identifying adequate microspore developmental stages for efficient embryogenesis induction. Knowledge of the morphological changes during microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis and sporophytic tissues composing the anther is critical for identifying the stages in which microspores present a higher potential for embryogenic callus and somatic embryo through in vitro culture. In this work, morphological markers were associated with anther and pollen grain developmental stages, through histological analysis. Anther development was divided into 11 stages using morphological and cytological characteristics, from anther with archesporial cells to anther dehiscence. The morphological characteristics of each stage are presented. In addition, the response of stage 8 anthers to in vitro culture indicates microspores initiating somatic embryogenic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andréa D Koehler
- University of Sao Paulo, CENA, Av. Centenario 303, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-903, Brazil
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cx.Postal 02372, Brasilia, DF, 70.770-917, Brazil
| | - Mônica L Rossi
- University of Sao Paulo, CENA, Av. Centenario 303, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-903, Brazil
| | - Vera T C Carneiro
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cx.Postal 02372, Brasilia, DF, 70.770-917, Brazil
| | - Glaucia B Cabral
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cx.Postal 02372, Brasilia, DF, 70.770-917, Brazil
| | - Adriana P Martinelli
- University of Sao Paulo, CENA, Av. Centenario 303, Piracicaba, SP, 13416-903, Brazil
| | - Diva M A Dusi
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Cx.Postal 02372, Brasilia, DF, 70.770-917, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Feng X, Pan S, Tu H, Huang J, Xiao C, Shen X, You L, Zhao X, Chen Y, Xu D, Qu X, Hu H. IQ67 DOMAIN protein 21 is critical for indentation formation in pavement cell morphogenesis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:721-738. [PMID: 36263896 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In plants, cortical microtubules anchor to the plasma membrane in arrays and play important roles in cell shape. However, the molecular mechanism of microtubule binding proteins, which connect the plasma membrane and cortical microtubules in cell morphology remains largely unknown. Here, we report that a plasma membrane and microtubule dual-localized IQ67 domain protein, IQD21, is critical for cotyledon pavement cell (PC) morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. iqd21 mutation caused increased indentation width, decreased lobe length, and similar lobe number of PCs, whereas IQD21 overexpression had a different effect on cotyledon PC shape. Weak overexpression led to increased lobe number, decreased indentation width, and similar lobe length, while moderate or great overexpression resulted in decreased lobe number, indentation width, and lobe length of PCs. Live-cell observations revealed that IQD21 accumulation at indentation regions correlates with lobe initiation and outgrowth during PC development. Cell biological and genetic approaches revealed that IQD21 promotes transfacial microtubules anchoring to the plasma membrane via its polybasic sites and bundling at the indentation regions in both periclinal and anticlinal walls. IQD21 controls cortical microtubule organization mainly through promoting Katanin 1-mediated microtubule severing during PC interdigitation. These findings provide the genetic evidence that transfacial microtubule arrays play a determinant role in lobe formation, and the insight into the molecular mechanism of IQD21 in transfacial microtubule organization at indentations and puzzle-shaped PC development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shujuan Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haifu Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Junjie Huang
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuanlei Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xin Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lei You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Danyun Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaolu Qu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honghong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pollen Coat Proteomes of Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis lyrata, and Brassica oleracea Reveal Remarkable Diversity of Small Cysteine-Rich Proteins at the Pollen-Stigma Interface. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13010157. [PMID: 36671543 PMCID: PMC9856046 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The pollen coat is the outermost domain of the pollen grain and is largely derived from the anther tapetum, which is a secretory tissue that degenerates late in pollen development. By being localised at the interface of the pollen-stigma interaction, the pollen coat plays a central role in mediating early pollination events, including molecular recognition. Amongst species of the Brassicaceae, a growing body of data has revealed that the pollen coat carries a range of proteins, with a number of small cysteine-rich proteins (CRPs) being identified as important regulators of the pollen-stigma interaction. By utilising a state-of-the-art liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach, rich pollen coat proteomic profiles were obtained for Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis lyrata, and Brassica oleracea, which greatly extended previous datasets. All three proteomes revealed a strikingly large number of small CRPs that were not previously reported as pollen coat components. The profiling also uncovered a wide range of other protein families, many of which were enriched in the pollen coat proteomes and had functions associated with signal transduction, cell walls, lipid metabolism and defence. These proteomes provide an excellent source of molecular targets for future investigations into the pollen-stigma interaction and its potential evolutionary links to plant-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
|
38
|
Comprehensive Insight into Tapetum-Mediated Pollen Development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020247. [PMID: 36672181 PMCID: PMC9857336 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In flowering plants, pollen development is a key process that is essential for sexual reproduction and seed set. Molecular and genetic studies indicate that pollen development is coordinatedly regulated by both gametophytic and sporophytic factors. Tapetum, the somatic cell layer adjacent to the developing male meiocytes, plays an essential role during pollen development. In the early anther development stage, the tapetal cells secrete nutrients, proteins, lipids, and enzymes for microsporocytes and microspore development, while initiating programmed cell death to provide critical materials for pollen wall formation in the late stage. Therefore, disrupting tapetum specification, development, or function usually leads to serious defects in pollen development. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of tapetum-mediated pollen development and illuminate the underlying molecular mechanism in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Collapse
|
39
|
Micol-Ponce R, García-Alcázar M, Lebrón R, Capel C, Pineda B, García-Sogo B, Alché JDD, Ortiz-Atienza A, Bretones S, Yuste-Lisbona FJ, Moreno V, Capel J, Lozano R. Tomato POLLEN DEFICIENT 2 encodes a G-type lectin receptor kinase required for viable pollen grain formation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:178-193. [PMID: 36260406 PMCID: PMC9786849 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Pollen development is a crucial biological process indispensable for seed set in flowering plants and for successful crop breeding. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms regulating pollen development in crop species. This study reports a novel male-sterile tomato mutant, pollen deficient 2 (pod2), characterized by the production of non-viable pollen grains and resulting in the development of small parthenocarpic fruits. A combined strategy of mapping-by-sequencing and RNA interference-mediated gene silencing was used to prove that the pod2 phenotype is caused by the loss of Solanum lycopersicum G-type lectin receptor kinase II.9 (SlG-LecRK-II.9) activity. In situ hybridization of floral buds showed that POD2/SlG-LecRK-II.9 is specifically expressed in tapetal cells and microspores at the late tetrad stage. Accordingly, abnormalities in meiosis and tapetum programmed cell death in pod2 occurred during microsporogenesis, resulting in the formation of four dysfunctional microspores leading to an aberrant microgametogenesis process. RNA-seq analyses supported the existence of alterations at the final stage of microsporogenesis, since we found tomato deregulated genes whose counterparts in Arabidopsis are essential for the normal progression of male meiosis and cytokinesis. Collectively, our results revealed the essential role of POD2/SlG-LecRK-II.9 in regulating tomato pollen development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ricardo Lebrón
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (CIAIMBITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Carmen Capel
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (CIAIMBITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Benito Pineda
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46011 Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña García-Sogo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46011 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan de Dios Alché
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Ortiz-Atienza
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (CIAIMBITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Sandra Bretones
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (CIAIMBITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Fernando Juan Yuste-Lisbona
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (CIAIMBITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Vicente Moreno
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (UPV-CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46011 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Capel
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Agroalimentaria (CIAIMBITAL), Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
He S, Feng X. DNA methylation dynamics during germline development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:2240-2251. [PMID: 36478632 PMCID: PMC10108260 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation plays essential homeostatic functions in eukaryotic genomes. In animals, DNA methylation is also developmentally regulated and, in turn, regulates development. In the past two decades, huge research effort has endorsed the understanding that DNA methylation plays a similar role in plant development, especially during sexual reproduction. The power of whole-genome sequencing and cell isolation techniques, as well as bioinformatics tools, have enabled recent studies to reveal dynamic changes in DNA methylation during germline development. Furthermore, the combination of these technological advances with genetics, developmental biology and cell biology tools has revealed functional methylation reprogramming events that control gene and transposon activities in flowering plant germlines. In this review, we discuss the major advances in our knowledge of DNA methylation dynamics during male and female germline development in flowering plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo He
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou510642China
| | - Xiaoqi Feng
- John Innes Centre, Colney LaneNorwichNR4 7UHUK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Salazar‐Sarasua B, López‐Martín MJ, Roque E, Hamza R, Cañas LA, Beltrán JP, Gómez‐Mena C. The tapetal tissue is essential for the maintenance of redox homeostasis during microgametogenesis in tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:1281-1297. [PMID: 36307971 PMCID: PMC10100220 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The tapetum is a specialized layer of cells within the anther, adjacent to the sporogenous tissue. During its short life, it provides nutrients, molecules and materials to the pollen mother cells and microsporocytes, being essential during callose degradation and pollen wall formation. The interaction between the tapetum and sporogenous cells in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) plants, despite its importance for breeding purposes, is poorly understood. To investigate this process, gene editing was used to generate loss-of-function mutants that showed the complete and specific absence of tapetal cells. These plants were obtained targeting the previously uncharacterized Solyc03g097530 (SlTPD1) gene, essential for tapetum specification in tomato plants. In the absence of tapetum, sporogenous cells developed and callose deposition was observed. However, sporocytes failed to undergo the process of meiosis and finally degenerated, leading to male sterility. Transcriptomic analysis conducted in mutant anthers lacking tapetum revealed the downregulation of a set of genes related to redox homeostasis. Indeed, mutant anthers showed a reduction in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at early stages and altered activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes. The results obtained highlight the importance of the tapetal tissue in maintaining redox homeostasis during male gametogenesis in tomato plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Salazar‐Sarasua
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universitat Politècnica de Valencia)C/Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n Edif. 8EValencia46022Spain
| | - María Jesús López‐Martín
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universitat Politècnica de Valencia)C/Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n Edif. 8EValencia46022Spain
| | - Edelín Roque
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universitat Politècnica de Valencia)C/Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n Edif. 8EValencia46022Spain
| | - Rim Hamza
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universitat Politècnica de Valencia)C/Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n Edif. 8EValencia46022Spain
| | - Luis Antonio Cañas
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universitat Politècnica de Valencia)C/Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n Edif. 8EValencia46022Spain
| | - José Pío Beltrán
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universitat Politècnica de Valencia)C/Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n Edif. 8EValencia46022Spain
| | - Concepción Gómez‐Mena
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas‐Universitat Politècnica de Valencia)C/Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n Edif. 8EValencia46022Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Truskina J, Boeuf S, Renard J, Andersen TG, Geldner N, Ingram G. Anther development in Arabidopsis thaliana involves symplastic isolation and apoplastic gating of the tapetum-middle layer interface. Development 2022; 149:281769. [PMID: 36305487 PMCID: PMC10114112 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
During flowering plant reproduction, anthers produce pollen grains, the development of which is supported by the tapetum, a nourishing maternal tissue that also contributes non-cell-autonomously to the pollen wall, the resistant external layer on the pollen surface. How the anther restricts movement of the tapetum-derived pollen wall components, while allowing metabolites such as sugars and amino acids to reach the developing pollen, remains unknown. Here, we show experimentally that in arabidopsis thaliana the tapetum and developing pollen are symplastically isolated from each other, and from other sporophytic tissues, from meiosis onwards. We show that the peritapetal strip, an apoplastic structure, separates the tapetum and the pollen grains from other anther cell layers and can prevent the apoplastic diffusion of fluorescent proteins, again from meiosis onwards. The formation and selective barrier functions of the peritapetal strip require two NADPH oxidases, RBOHE and RBOHC, which play a key role in pollen formation. Our results suggest that, together with symplastic isolation, gating of the apoplast around the tapetum may help generate metabolically distinct anther compartments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jekaterina Truskina
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, INRAE, UCBL, F-69342 Lyon, France.,Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophy Boeuf
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, INRAE, UCBL, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Joan Renard
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, INRAE, UCBL, F-69342 Lyon, France.,Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Camino de Vera, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Tonni Grube Andersen
- Department for Plant-microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Niko Geldner
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gwyneth Ingram
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, ENS de Lyon, CNRS, INRAE, UCBL, F-69342 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang X, Wang K, Bu Y, Niu F, Ge L, Zhang L, Song X. The transcription factor TaGAMYB modulates tapetum and pollen development of TGMS wheat YanZhan 4110S via the gibberellin signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 324:111447. [PMID: 36041563 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Male reproductive development in higher plants experienced a series of complex biological processes, which can be regulated by Gibberellins (GA). The transcriptional factor GAMYB is a crucial component of GA signaling in anther development. However, the mechanism of GAMYB in wheat male reproduction is less understood. Here, we found that the thermo-sensitive genic male sterilitywheat line YanZhan 4110S displayed delayed tapetum programmed cell death and pollen abortive under the hot temperature stress. Combined with RNA-Sequencing data analysis, TaGAMYB associated with fertility conversion was isolated, which was located in the nucleus and highly expressed in fertility anthers. The silencing of TaGAMYB in wheat displayed fertility decline, defects in tapetum, pollen and exine formation, where the abortion characteristics were the same as YanZhan 4110S. In addition, either hot temperature or GA3 treatment in YanZhan 4110S caused the downregulation of TaGAMYB at binucleate stage and trinucleate stage, as well as fertility decrease. Further, the transcription factor TaWRKY2 significantly changed under GA3-treatment and directly interacted with the TaGAMYB promoter by W-box cis-element. Therefore, we suggested that TaGAMYB may be essential for anther development and male fertility, and GA3 activates TaGAMYB by TaWRKY2 to regulate fertility in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuetong Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yaning Bu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fuqiang Niu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Limeng Ge
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Lingli Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiyue Song
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jiang J, Xu P, Zhang J, Li Y, Zhou X, Jiang M, Zhu J, Wang W, Yang L. Global transcriptome analysis reveals potential genes associated with genic male sterility of rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1004781. [PMID: 36340380 PMCID: PMC9635397 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1004781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed is the third leading source of edible oil in the world. Genic male sterility (GMS) lines provide crucial material for harnessing heterosis for rapeseed. GMS lines have been widely used successfully for rapeseed hybrid production. The physiological and molecular mechanism of pollen development in GMS lines of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) need to be determined for the creation of hybrids and cultivation of new varieties. However, limited studies have focused on systematically mining genes that regulate the pollen development of GMS lines in B. napus. In the present study, to determine the stage at which pollen development begins to show abnormality in the GMS lines, we performed semi-thin section analysis of the anthers with five pollen development stages. The results indicated that the abnormal pollen development in DGMS lines might start at the meiotic stage, and abnormal pollen development in RGMS lines probably occurred before the tetrad stage. To investigate the critical genes and pathways involved in pollen development in GMS lines, we constructed and sequenced 24 transcriptome libraries for the flower buds from the fertile and sterile lines of two recessive GMS (RGMS) lines (6251AB and 6284AB) and two dominant GMS (DGMS) lines (4001AB and 4006AB). A total of 23,554 redundant DEGs with over two-fold change between sterile and fertile lines were obtained. A total of 346 DEGs were specifically related to DGMS, while 1,553 DEGs were specifically related to RGMS. A total of 1,545 DEGs were shared between DGMS and RGMS. And 253 transcription factors were found to be differentially expressed between the sterile and fertile lines of GMS. In addition, 6,099 DEGs possibly related to anther, pollen, and microspore development processes were identified. Many of these genes have been reported to be involved in anther and microspore developmental processes. Several DEGs were speculated to be key genes involved in the regulation of fertility. Three differentially expressed genes were randomly selected and their expression levels were verified by quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The results of qRT-PCR largely agreed with the transcriptome sequencing results. Our findings provide a global view of genes that are potentially involved in GMS occurrence. The expression profiles and function analysis of these DEGs were provided to expand our understanding of the complex molecular mechanism in pollen and sterility development in B. napus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Jiang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junying Zhang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xirong Zhou
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiyan Jiang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jifeng Zhu
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Weirong Wang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyong Yang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Henning PM, Shore JS, McCubbin AG. The S-Gene YUC6 Pleiotropically Determines Male Mating Type and Pollen Size in Heterostylous Turnera (Passifloraceae): A Novel Neofunctionalization of the YUCCA Gene Family. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2640. [PMID: 36235506 PMCID: PMC9572539 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In heterostylous, self-incompatible Turnera species, a member of the YUCCA gene family, YUC6, resides at the S-locus and has been hypothesized to determine the male mating type. YUCCA gene family members synthesize the auxin, indole-3-acetic acid, via a two-step process involving the TAA gene family. Consequently, it has been speculated that differences in auxin concentration in developing anthers are the biochemical basis underlying the male mating type. Here, we provide empirical evidence that supports this hypothesis. Using a transgenic knockdown approach, we show that YUC6 acts pleiotropically to control both the male physiological mating type and pollen size, but not the filament length dimorphism associated with heterostyly in Turnera. Using qPCR to assess YUC6 expression in different transgenic lines, we demonstrate that the level of YUC6 knockdown correlates with the degree of change observed in the male mating type. Further assessment of YUC6 expression through anther development, in the knockdown lines, suggests that the male mating type is irreversibly determined during a specific developmental window prior to microsporogenesis, which is consistent with the genetically sporophytic nature of this self-incompatibility system. These results represent the first gene controlling male mating type to be characterized in any species with heterostyly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paige M. Henning
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| | - Joel S. Shore
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Andrew G. McCubbin
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xie F, Vahldick H, Lin Z, Nowack M. Killing me softly - Programmed cell death in plant reproduction from sporogenesis to fertilization. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 69:102271. [PMID: 35963096 PMCID: PMC7613566 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Regulated or programmed cell death (RCD or PCD) is a fundamental biological principle integral to a considerable variety of functions in multicellular organisms. In plants, different PCD processes are part of biotic and abiotic stress responses, but also occur as an essential aspect of unperturbed plant development. PCD is particularly abundant during plant reproduction, eliminating unwanted or no longer needed cells, tissues, or organs in a precisely controlled manner. Failure in reproductive PCD can have detrimental consequences for plant reproduction. Here we shed a light on the latest research into PCD mechanisms in plant reproduction from sex determination over sporogenesis to pollination and fertilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannah Vahldick
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zongcheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Moritz Nowack
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
de Los Angeles Bohórquez-Quintero M, Galvis-Tarazona DY, Arias-Moreno DM, Ojeda-Peréz ZZ, Ochatt S, Rodríguez-Molano LE. Morphological and anatomical characterization of yellow diploid potato flower for effective breeding program. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16402. [PMID: 36180534 PMCID: PMC9525687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20439-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The diploid yellow potato (Solanum tuberosum L. Phureja Group) is an important plant genetic resource. In this study, we report for the first time the characterization of anther development and pollen formation in the cultivar Criolla Colombia. The description of morphological and histological characters of buds and flowers at different developmental stages permitted to identify ten main stages, from the differentiation of the male cells of the sporangium, meiosis, microspores formation and maturation, to the release of mature pollen. In addition, the results provide a graphic guide of the development of the anther, through the sequential and orderly formation of the epidermis, the endothecium, the middle layer and the nutritive layer or tapetum. This microanatomical information will be useful for work focused on androgenesis and identification of gene regulation in floral biology and gamete formation. Therefore, this study determined that to efficiently obtain haploids, flower buds between 5 and 8.9 mm long (stage 6 to 8) should be used, in which tetrads and microspores are in the early uninucleate and binucleate stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María de Los Angeles Bohórquez-Quintero
- Grupo de Investigación BIOPLASMA-UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Daicy Yaneth Galvis-Tarazona
- Grupo de Investigación BIOPLASMA-UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Diana Marcela Arias-Moreno
- Grupo de Investigación BIOPLASMA-UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia.
| | - Zaida Zarely Ojeda-Peréz
- Grupo de Investigación BIOPLASMA-UPTC, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Sergio Ochatt
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Insitut Agro, Université Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - Luis Ernesto Rodríguez-Molano
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 Núm. 45-03, Edificio 500, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kirschner GK. Another piece in the puzzle of pollen development. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:1507-1508. [PMID: 36111799 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
|
49
|
Zou T, Xiong P, Zhou F, Zhou D, Chen H, Li G, Peng K, Zheng K, Han Y, Zhang K, Zhang X, Yang S, Deng Q, Wang S, Zhu J, Liang Y, Sun C, Yu X, Liu H, Wang L, Li P, Li S. Grass-specific ABERRANT MICROSPORE DEVELOPMENT 1 is required for maintaining pollen fertility in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:1509-1526. [PMID: 35883135 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pollen development includes a series of biological events that require precise gene regulation. Although several transcription factors (TFs) have been shown to play roles in maintaining pollen fertility, the major regulatory networks underlying tapetum development and pollen wall formation are largely unknown. Herein, we report that ABERRANT MICROSPORE DEVELOPMENT1 (AMD1), a protein annotated previously as unknown protein, is required for tapetum development and pollen exine patterning in rice (Oryza sativa L.). AMD1 encodes a grass-specific protein exhibiting transactivation activity in the nucleus and is spatiotemporally expressed in the tapetum and microspores during pollen development. Further biochemical assays indicate that AMD1 directly activates the transcription of DEFECTIVE POLLEN WALL (DPW) and POLYKETIDE SYNTHASE2 (OsPKS2), which are both implicated in sporopollenin biosynthesis during exine formation. Additionally, AMD1 directly interacts with TAPETUM DEGENERATION RETARDATION (TDR), a key TF involved in the regulation of tapetum degradation and exine formation. Taken together, we demonstrate that AMD1 is an important regulatory component involved in the TDR-mediated regulatory pathway to regulate sporopollenin biosynthesis, tapetum degradation, and exine formation for pollen development. Our work provides insights into the regulatory network of rice sexual reproduction and a useful target for genetic engineering of new male-sterile lines for hybrid rice breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Pingping Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Fuxing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Gongwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kaiyou Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuhao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shangyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yueyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Changhui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiumei Yu
- College of Resource, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huainian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shuangcheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lu GH, Xu JL, Zhong MX, Li DL, Chen M, Li KT, Wang YQ. Cytochemical and comparative transcriptome analyses elucidate the formation and ecological adaptation of three types of pollen coat in Zingiberaceae. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:407. [PMID: 35987603 PMCID: PMC9392269 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pollen ornate surface of flowering plants has long fascinated and puzzled evolutionary biologists for their variety. Each pollen grain is contained within a pollen wall consisting of intine and exine, over which the lipoid pollen coat lies. The cytology and molecular biology of the development of the intine and exine components of the pollen wall are relatively well characterised. However, little is known about the pollen coat, which confers species specificity. We demonstrate three types of pollen coat in Zingiberaceae, a mucilage-like pollen coat and a gum-like pollen coat, along with a pollen coat more typical of angiosperms. The morphological differences between the three types of pollen coat and the related molecular mechanisms of their formation were studied using an integrative approach of cytology, RNA-seq and positive selection analysis. RESULTS Contrary to the 'typical' pollen coat, in ginger species with a mucilage-like (Caulokaempferia coenobialis, Cco) or gum-like (Hornstedtia hainanensis, Hhn) pollen coat, anther locular fluid was still present at the bicellular pollen (BCP) stage of development. Nevertheless, there were marked differences between these species: there were much lower levels of anther locular fluid in Hhn at the BCP stage and it contained less polysaccharide, but more lipid, than the locular fluid of Cco. The set of specific highly-expressed (SHE) genes in Cco was enriched in the 'polysaccharide metabolic process' annotation term, while 'fatty acid degradation' and 'metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides' were significantly enriched in SHE-Hhn. CONCLUSIONS Our cytological and comparative transcriptome analysis showed that different types of pollen coat depend on the residual amount and composition of anther locular fluid at the BCP stage. The genes involved in 'polysaccharide metabolism' and 'transport' in the development of a mucilage-like pollen coat and in 'lipid metabolism' and 'transport' in the development of a gum-like pollen coat probably evolved under positive selection in both cases. We suggest that the shift from a typical pollen coat to a gum-like or mucilage-like pollen coat in flowering plants is an adaptation to habitats with high humidity and scarcity of pollinators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hui Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jia-Ling Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Man-Xiang Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dong-Li Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Min Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ke-Ting Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ying-Qiang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
| |
Collapse
|