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Xue C, Liu R, Xia Z, Jia J, Hu B, Rennenberg H. Sulfur availability and nodulation modify the response of Robinia pseudoacacia L. to lead (Pb) exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 478:135612. [PMID: 39182290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Both sulfur (S) supply and legume-rhizobium symbiosis can significantly contribute to enhancing the efficiency of phytoremediation of heavy metals (HMs). However, the regulatory mechanism determining the performance of legumes at lead (Pb) exposure have not been elucidated. Here, we cultivated black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), a leguminous woody pioneer species at three S supply levels (i.e., deficient, moderate, and high S) with rhizobia inoculation and investigated the interaction of these treatments upon Pb exposure. Our results revealed that the root system of Robinia has a strong Pb accumulation and anti-oxidative capacity that protect the leaves from Pb toxicity. Compared with moderate S supply, high S supply significantly increased Pb accumulation in roots by promoting the synthesis of reduced S compounds (i.e., thiols, phytochelatin), and also strengthened the antioxidant system in leaves. Weakened defense at deficient S supply was indicated by enhanced oxidative damage. Rhizobia inoculation alleviated the oxidative damage of its Robinia host by immobilizing Pb to reduce its absorption by root cells. Together with enhanced Pb chelation in leaves, these mechanisms strengthen Pb detoxification in the Robinia-rhizobia symbiosis. Our results indicate that appropriate S supply can improve the defense of legume-rhizobia symbiosis against HM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixin Xue
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Rui Liu
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Zhuyuan Xia
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jin Jia
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Bin Hu
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
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2
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Collado-Arenal AM, Exposito-Rodriguez M, Mullineaux PM, Olmedilla A, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM. Cadmium exposure induced light/dark- and time-dependent redox changes at subcellular level in Arabidopsis plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135164. [PMID: 39032180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals for plants and humans. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are some of the primary signaling molecules produced after Cd treatment in plants but the contribution of different organelles and specific cell types, together with the impact of light is unknown. We used Arabidopsis lines expressing GRX1-roGFP2 (glutaredoxin1-roGFP) targeted to different cell compartments and analysed changes in redox state over 24 h light/dark cycle in Cd-treated leaf discs. We imaged redox state changes in peroxisomes and chloroplasts in leaf tissue. Chloroplasts and peroxisomes were the most affected organelles in the dark and blocking the photosynthetic electron transport chain (pETC) by DCMU (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) promotes higher Cd-dependent oxidation in all organelles. Peroxisomes underwent the most rapid changes in redox state in response to Cd and DCMU and silencing chloroplastic NTRC (NADPH thioredoxin reductase C) considerably increases peroxisome oxidation. Total NAD(P)H and cytosolic NADH decreased during exposure to Cd, while Ca+2 content in chloroplasts and cytosol increased in the dark period. Our results demonstrate a Cd-, time- and light-dependent increase of oxidation of all organelles analysed, that could be in part triggered by disturbances in pETC and photorespiration, the decrease of NAD(P)H availability, and differential antioxidants expression at subcellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio M Collado-Arenal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada 18008, Spain.
| | | | - Philip M Mullineaux
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Adela Olmedilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada 18008, Spain.
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada 18008, Spain.
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada 18008, Spain.
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3
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Azarin K, Usatov A, Minkina T, Duplii N, Fedorenko A, Plotnikov A, Mandzhieva S, Kumar R, Yong JWH, Sehar S, Rajput VD. Evaluating the phytotoxicological effects of bulk and nano forms of zinc oxide on cellular respiration-related indices and differential gene expression in Hordeum vulgare L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 282:116670. [PMID: 38981388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The increasing use of nanoparticles is driving the growth of research on their effects on living organisms. However, studies on the effects of nanoparticles on cellular respiration are still limited. The remodeling of cellular-respiration-related indices in plants induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles (nnZnO) and its bulk form (blZnO) was investigated for the first time. For this purpose, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings were grown hydroponically for one week with the addition of test compounds at concentrations of 0, 0.3, 2, and 10 mg mL-1. The results showed that a low concentration (0.3 mg mL-1) of blZnO did not cause significant changes in the respiration efficiency, ATP content, and total reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in leaf tissues. Moreover, a dose of 0.3 mg mL-1 nnZnO increased respiration efficiency in both leaves (17 %) and roots (38 %). Under the influence of blZnO and nnZnO at medium (2 mg mL-1) and high (10 mg mL-1) concentrations, a dose-dependent decrease in respiration efficiency from 28 % to 87 % was observed. Moreover, the negative effect was greater under the influence of nnZnO. The gene transcription of the subunits of the mitochondria electron transport chain (ETC) changed mainly only under the influence of nnZnO in high concentration. Expression of the ATPase subunit gene, atp1, increased slightly (by 36 %) in leaf tissue under the influence of medium and high concentrations of test compounds, whereas in the root tissues, the atp1 mRNA level decreased significantly (1.6-2.9 times) in all treatments. A dramatic decrease (1.5-2.4 times) in ATP content was also detected in the roots. Against the background of overexpression of the AOX1d1 gene, an isoform of alternative oxidase (AOX), the total ROS content in leaves decreased (with the exception of 10 mg mL-1 nnZnO). However, in the roots, where the pressure of the stress factor is higher, there was a significant increase in ROS levels, with a maximum six-fold increase under 10 mg mL-1 nnZnO. A significant decrease in transcript levels of the pentose phosphate pathway and glycolytic enzymes was also shown in the root tissues compared to leaves. Thus, the disruption of oxidative phosphorylation leads to a decrease in ATP synthesis and an increase in ROS production; concomitantly reducing the efficiency of cellular respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Azarin
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, the Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Usatov
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, the Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, the Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Duplii
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, the Russian Federation
| | - Aleksei Fedorenko
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, the Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Plotnikov
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, the Russian Federation
| | - Saglara Mandzhieva
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, the Russian Federation
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh 174103, India
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp 23456, Sweden.
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don 344090, the Russian Federation.
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Amist N, Khare S, Azim Z, Singh NB. Protective Role of Polyethylene Glycol Towards the Damaging Effects of Cadmium. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-05010-5. [PMID: 39102083 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the role of drought-induced changes in the effects of cadmium (Cd) in plants. Cd is the most hazardous and important environmental pollutant. Water deficit is the most common environmental stress encountered by plants and affects most of the plant functions. The present study assessed the effect of Cd and water deficit on Capsicum frutescens seedlings in single and combined treatments. The seedlings of Capsicum were grown in a hydroponic solution and treated with Cd. The seedlings were subjected to water deficit with the help of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The other set of seedlings was treated with combined Cd + PEG. In the absence of PEG, maximum Cd accumulation was observed. The root and shoot growth of the seedlings were affected under all treatments with maximum inhibition in Cd. Pigment, protein and sugar contents and nitrate reductase activity decreased significantly in all treatments, while proline content increased. Induction of oxidative damage occurred through the formation of free radicals which caused alteration in electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes, viz. superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and non-enzymatic non-protein thiol content and ascorbic acid in the stressed seedlings. Water deficit buttressed the toxic effect of Cd on chilli seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Amist
- Department of Botany, Ewing Christian College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211003, India
| | - Shubhra Khare
- Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Invertis University, Bareilly, 234123, India
| | - Zeba Azim
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Allahabad, 211002, India
| | - Narsingh Bahadur Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Allahabad, 211002, India.
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Li MZ, Hu DW, Liu XQ, Zhang R, Liu H, Tang Z, Zhao FJ, Huang XY. The OsZIP2 transporter is involved in root-to-shoot translocation and intervascular transfer of cadmium in rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 38828861 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal that poses serious threats to human health. Rice is a major source of dietary Cd but how rice plants transport Cd to the grain is not fully understood. Here, we characterize the function of the ZIP (ZRT, IRT-like protein) family protein, OsZIP2, in the root-to-shoot translocation of Cd and intervascular transfer of Cd in nodes. OsZIP2 is localized at the plasma membrane and exhibited Cd2+ transport activity when heterologously expressed in yeast. OsZIP2 is strongly expressed in xylem parenchyma cells in roots and in enlarged vascular bundles in nodes. Knockout of OsZIP2 significantly enhanced root-to-shoot translocation of Cd and alleviated the inhibition of root elongation by excess Cd stress; whereas overexpression of OsZIP2 decreased Cd translocation to shoots and resulted in Cd sensitivity. Knockout of OsZIP2 increased Cd allocation to the flag leaf but decreased Cd allocation to the panicle and grain. We further reveal that the variation of OsZIP2 expression level contributes to grain Cd concentration among rice germplasms. Our results demonstrate that OsZIP2 functions in root-to-shoot translocation of Cd in roots and intervascular transfer of Cd in nodes, which can be used for breeding low Cd rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Da-Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang-Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang-Jie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Parera V, Pérez-Chaca MV, Gallardo LV, Gatica-Aguilar CV, Parera CA, Feresin GE. Adesmia pinifolia, a Native High-Andean Species, as a Potential Candidate for Phytoremediation of Cd and Hg. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:464. [PMID: 38498429 PMCID: PMC10891624 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This study highlights Adesmia pinifolia, a native high-Andean species, as a potential candidate for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with Cd and Hg. In this work, a semi-hydronic assay with different doses of Cd (3, 4.5, and 6 mg L-1) and Hg (0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 mg L-1) was analysed to evaluate the establishment of plants, antioxidant defence systems, oxidative stress, and the ability to accumulate heavy metals. The results indicate high survival rates (>80%); however, Cd significantly reduced shoot and root biomass, while Hg increased root biomass with the 1.6 mg L-1 treatment. Cd and Hg tend to accumulate more in roots (2534.24 µg/g and 596.4 µg g-1, respectively) compared to shoots (398.53 µg g-1 and 140.8 µg g-1, respectively). A significant decrease in the bioconcentration factor of Cd and Hg in roots was observed as metal levels increased, reaching the maximum value at 3 mg L-1 (805.59 ± 54.38) and 0.8 mg L-1 (804.54 ± 38.09). The translocation factor, <1 for both metals, suggests that translocation from roots to shoots is limited. An overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed, causing lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to plant membranes. Tolerance strategies against subsequent toxicity indicate that enhanced glutathione reductase (GR) activity and glutathione (GSH) accumulation modulate Cd and Hg accumulation, toxicity, and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Parera
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martin 1109 Oeste, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
| | - M. Verónica Pérez-Chaca
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Laura V. Gallardo
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Camila V. Gatica-Aguilar
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Carlos A. Parera
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Avenida Rivadavia 1439, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1033AAE, Argentina;
| | - Gabriela E. Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martin 1109 Oeste, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
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Yuan J, Liu Q, Chen Z, Wen Z, Liu Y, Huang L, Yu C, Feng Y. Organic amendments perform better than inorganic amendments in reducing the absorption and accumulation of cadmium in lettuce. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:117277-117287. [PMID: 37864699 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of applying organic or inorganic amendments is to guarantee crop safe production in heavy metal contaminated soil. However, previous studies showed that the effects of organic or inorganic composite amendments on the cadmium (Cd) concentration of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort) were inconsistent. Accordingly, a sixty-day pot experiment was carried out to examine the impacts of the inorganic materials (lime, L and zeolite, Z), organic materials (biochar, B and compost, C), and their combination on the immobilization of Cd in soil and its uptake by lettuce. The objective was to identify the most suitable soil amendment combination that promotes safe lettuce production. The results revealed that the combined application of BC, LZC, and LBC significantly increased the plant height by 11.09-28.04% and fresh weight by 183.47-207.67%. This improvement can be attributed to enhanced soil quality, such as increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by 70.19-80.42%, soil respiration (SR) by 29.04-38.46%, and soil microbial carbon content (SMC) by 36.94-46.63%. Compared to inorganic fertilizers and their combination with organic amendments, organic amendments had a significant impact on reducing shoot Cd concentration by 33.93%-56.55%, while increasing the activity of catalase by 138.87-186.86%. And soil available Cd measured by diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT-Cd) decreased 24.73-88.13% in all treatments. Correlation analysis showed that plant Cd concentration was significantly correlated with soil pH, SR, cation exchange capacity (CEC), DOC and SMC. These results demonstrated that organic amendments, especially the combination of biochar and compost, have greater potential than inorganic amendments and inorganic-organic combinations for realizing safe production of lettuce and improving soil quality in the Cd moderately contaminated acid farmland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qizhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhiqin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zheyu Wen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yaru Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lukuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Livestock industrial development Center of Shengzhou, Zhejiang, 312400, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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de Almeida NM, de Almeida AAF, de Almeida Santos N, Mora-Ocampo IY, Pirovani CP. Leaf proteomic profiles in cacao scion-rootstock combinations tolerant and intolerant to cadmium toxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:107987. [PMID: 37722279 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Cd contamination in cacao beans is one of the major problems faced by cocoa producing countries in Latin America. Cacao scion-rootstock combinations influence the Cd accumulation in the shoot of the plant. The objective of this work was to carry out a comparative analysis between cacao scion rootstock combinations (CCN 51/BN 34, CCN 51/PS 13.19, CCN 51/PH 16 and CCN 51/CCN 51), contrasting for tolerance to cadmium (Cd) toxicity, by means of leaf proteomic profiles, in order to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in tolerance to Cd toxicity. Cacao scion-rootstock combinations were grown in soil with 150 mg Cd kg-1 soil, together with the control treatment. Leaf samples were collected 96 h after treatments were applied. There were alterations in the leaf proteome of the cacao scion-rootstock combinations, whose molecular responses to Cd toxicity varied depending on the combination. Leaf proteomic analyzes provided important information regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in the tolerance and intolerance of cacao scion-rootstock combinations to Cd toxicity. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, efficient for eliminating ROS, especially the expressions of APX and SOD, in addition to the increase in the abundance of metalloproteins, such as ferredoxins, rubredoxin, ALMT, Trx-1 and ABC-transporter were key mechanisms used in the Cd detoxification in cacao scion-rootstock combinations tolerant to Cd toxicity. Carboxylic acid metabolism, glucose activation and signal transduction were also important processes in the responses of cacao scion-rootstock combinations to Cd toxicity. The results confirmed CCN 51/BN 34 as a cacao scion-rootstock combination efficient in tolerance to Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle Moreira de Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Nayara de Almeida Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Irma Yuliana Mora-Ocampo
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Priminho Pirovani
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Highway Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.
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Zhuang X, Wan H, Wang H, Qin S, He J, Lyu D. Characteristics of cadmium accumulation and tolerance in apple plants grown in different soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1188241. [PMID: 37332693 PMCID: PMC10272767 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1188241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a nonessential element and highly toxic to apple tree. However, Cd accumulation, translocation and tolerance in apple trees planted in different soils remain unknown. To investigate soil Cd bioavailability, plant Cd accumulation, physiological changes as well as gene expression patterns in apple trees grown in five different soils, 'Hanfu' apple seedlings were planted in orchard soils collected from Maliangou village (ML), Desheng village (DS), Xishan village (XS), Kaoshantun village (KS) and Qianertaizi village (QT), and subjected to 500 μM CdCl2 for 70 d. Results showed that soils of ML and XS had higher content of organic matter (OM), clay and silt, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) but lower sand content than the other soils, thereby reduced Cd bioavailability, which could be reflected by lower concentrations and proportions of acid-soluble Cd but higher concentrations and proportions of reducible and oxidizable Cd. The plants grown in soils of ML and XS had relatively lower Cd accumulation levels and bio-concentration factors than those grown in the other soils. Excess Cd reduced plant biomass, root architecture, and chlorophyll content in all plants but to relatively lesser degree in those grown in soils of ML and XS. The plants grown in soils of ML, XS and QT had comparatively lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, less membrane lipid peroxidation, and higher antioxidant content and enzyme activity than those grown in soils of DS and KS. Transcript levels of genes regulating Cd uptake, transport and detoxification such as HA11, VHA4, ZIP6, IRT1, NAS1, MT2, MHX, MTP1, ABCC1, HMA4 and PCR2 displayed significant differences in roots of plants grown in different soils. These results indicate that soil types affect Cd accumulation and tolerance in apple plants, and plants grown in soils with higher OM content, CEC, clay and silt content and lower sand content suffer less Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhuang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Lab of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Huixue Wan
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Lab of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Sijun Qin
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Lab of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiali He
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Lab of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Deguo Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Lab of Fruit Quality Development and Regulation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Deng B, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Tian S. Exogenous ATP triggers antioxidant defense system and alleviates Cd toxicity in maize seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114898. [PMID: 37043944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The role of exogenous adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the regulation of antioxidant response in plants under heavy metal stress is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of exogenous ATP application on plant growth, antioxidant response, and Cd accumulation in maize seedlings. Treatment with 0.1 mM CdCl2 moderately reduced dry weight, decreased chlorophyll content, impaired photosynthesis, and increased lipid peroxidation in maize seedlings compared with controls. However, toxicity due to Cd was alleviated after 10-200 µM ATP treatment. Subsequently, the activity of Cd-regulated antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant metabolite accumulation, and total antioxidant capacity were drastically enhanced after 50 µM ATP treatment. Similar patterns were observed in the ADP-treated group but not in the AMP-treated group under Cd stress. However, the ATP-induced elevation in antioxidant defense ability was decreased by the inhibition of NADPH oxidase (NOX). ATP-induced elevation in NOX activity and H2O2 production was partly reversed by the inhibition of NOX in maize seedlings under Cd stress. Furthermore, ATP promoted Cd accumulation in the roots and shoots of maize seedlings. However, the ATP-induced increase in Cd accumulation was partly abolished by the inhibition of NOX. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the role and mechanism of exogenous ATP in regulating plant growth, antioxidant response, and heavy metal phytoextraction. The study provides a new method based on exogenous ATP for enhancing heavy metal tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benliang Deng
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory of Dingxi People's Hospital, Dingxi, Gansu 743000, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Yipu Fan
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China
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11
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Ou C, Cheng W, Wang Z, Yao X, Yang S. Exogenous melatonin enhances Cd stress tolerance in Platycladus orientalis seedlings by improving mineral nutrient uptake and oxidative stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114619. [PMID: 36753967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The development of agriculture and industry has led to a gradual increase in the levels of cadmium (Cd) in the soil, which, due to its high mobility in soil, makes Cd deposition in plants a serious threat to the health of animals and humans. The important role of melatonin (MT) in regulating plant growth and adaptation to environmental stress has become a pertinent research topic, but the mechanisms of action of MT in Cd-stressed Platycladus orientalis seedlings are unclear. Here, we investigated the mitigation mechanism of exogenous MT application on P. orientalis seedlings under Cd stress. Cd stress significantly inhibited the growth of P. orientalis seedlings by disrupting photosynthetic pigments, mineral balance, osmotic balance, and oxidative balance. In contrast, the application of exogenous MT significantly increased the growth parameters of P. orientalis seedlings, reduced Cd accumulation and transfer in the seedlings, increased the content of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, chlorophyll, soluble protein, soluble sugar, and proline, reduced the content of glutathione, increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase, and significantly enhanced the expression of antioxidant-related genes (POD, GST, and APX). It also effectively reduced the content of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde to inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species, thus alleviating Cd-induced oxidative stress. In addition, MT significantly upregulated the expression of the ethanol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene, which is effective in removing the acetaldehyde produced by anaerobic respiration in seedlings under stress, thereby reducing the toxic effects on P. orientalis. The results showed that exogenous MT enhanced the tolerance of P. orientalis seedlings to Cd stress by regulating photosynthesis, mineral balance, osmotic balance, and the antioxidant system and that the optimal concentration of MT was 200 μmol·L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Ou
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-aging Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui 236037, China
| | - Wenhui Cheng
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-aging Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui 236037, China
| | - Zelu Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-aging Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui 236037, China
| | - Xiamei Yao
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Shengmei Yang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-aging Chinese Herbal Medicine, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui 236037, China
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12
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The Early Oxidative Stress Induced by Mercury and Cadmium Is Modulated by Ethylene in Medicago sativa Seedlings. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030551. [PMID: 36978799 PMCID: PMC10045221 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) are ubiquitous soil pollutants that promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, causing oxidative stress. Tolerance depends on signalling processes that activate different defence barriers, such as accumulation of small heat sock proteins (sHSPs), activation of antioxidant enzymes, and the synthesis of phytochelatins (PCs) from the fundamental antioxidant peptide glutathione (GSH), which is probably modulated by ethylene. We studied the early responses of alfalfa seedlings after short exposure (3, 6, and 24 h) to moderate to severe concentration of Cd and Hg (ranging from 3 to 30 μM), to characterize in detail several oxidative stress parameters and biothiol (i.e., GSH and PCs) accumulation, in combination with the ethylene signalling blocker 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). Most changes occurred in roots of alfalfa, with strong induction of cellular oxidative stress, H2O2 generation, and a quick accumulation of sHSPs 17.6 and 17.7. Mercury caused the specific inhibition of glutathione reductase activity, while both metals led to the accumulation of PCs. These responses were attenuated in seedlings incubated with 1-MCP. Interestingly, 1-MCP also decreased the amount of PCs and homophytochelatins generated under metal stress, implying that the overall early response to metals was controlled at least partially by ethylene.
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Cao Y, Ma C, Yu H, Tan Q, Dhankher OP, White JC, Xing B. The role of sulfur nutrition in plant response to metal(loid) stress: Facilitating biofortification and phytoremediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130283. [PMID: 36370480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metal(loid)s contamination poses a serious threat to ecosystem biosafety and human health. Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology with good public acceptance, although the process does require a significant amount of time for success. To enhance the phytoremediation efficiency, numerous approaches have been explored, including soil amendments application with chelators to facilitate remediation. Sulfur (S), a macronutrient for plant growth, plays vital roles in several metabolic pathways that can actively affect metal(loid)s phytoextraction, as well as attenuate metal(loid) toxicity. In this review, different forms of S-amendments (fertilizers) on uptake and translocation in plants upon exposure to various metal(loid) are evaluated. Possible mechanisms for S application alleviating metal(loid) toxicity are documented at the physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. Furthermore, this review highlights the crosstalk between S-assimilation and other biomolecules, such as phytohormones, polyamines and nitric oxide, which are also important for metal(loid) stress tolerance. Given the effectiveness and potential of S amendments on phytoremediation, future studies should focus on optimizing phytoremediation efficiency in long-term field studies and on investigating the appropriate S dose to maximize the food safety and ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yini Cao
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 1672, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Qian Tan
- Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
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14
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Khan Z, Elahi A, Bukhari DA, Rehman A. Cadmium sources, toxicity, resistance and removal by microorganisms-A potential strategy for cadmium eradication. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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Fayazipour D, Deckert J, Akbari G, Soltani E, Chmielowska-Bąk J. Mitochondria Specific Antioxidant, MitoTEMPO, Modulates Cd Uptake and Oxidative Response of Soybean Seedlings. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2099. [PMID: 36358472 PMCID: PMC9686940 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous reports find that Cd induces formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants. However, a general ROS pool is usually studied, without distinction of their production site. In the present study, we applied a mitochondria-specific antioxidant, MitoTEMPO, to elucidate the role of mitochondria-derived ROS in the response of soybean seedlings to short-term (48 h) Cd stress. The obtained results showed that Cd caused a reduction in root length and fresh weight and increase in the level of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, markers of lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric reactive substances, TBARS) and markers of RNA oxidation (8-hydroxyguanosine, 8-OHG) in seedling roots. Application of MitoTEMPO affected Cd uptake in a dose-dependent manner and diminished the Cd-dependent induction of superoxide anion and lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalir Fayazipour
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran P.O. Box 3391653775, Iran
| | - Joanna Deckert
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznań, Poland
| | - Gholamali Akbari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran P.O. Box 3391653775, Iran
| | - Elias Soltani
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Aboureihan, University of Tehran, Tehran P.O. Box 3391653775, Iran
| | - Jagna Chmielowska-Bąk
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznań, Poland
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16
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Huang H, He Y, Cui A, Sun L, Han M, Wang J, Rui C, Lei Y, Liu X, Xu N, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Feng X, Ni K, Jiang J, Zhang X, Chen C, Wang S, Chen X, Lu X, Wang D, Wang J, Yin Z, Qaraevna BZ, Guo L, Zhao L, Ye W. Genome-wide identification of GAD family genes suggests GhGAD6 functionally respond to Cd2+ stress in cotton. Front Genet 2022; 13:965058. [PMID: 36176295 PMCID: PMC9513066 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.965058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) mainly regulated the biosynthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and played an important role in plant growth and stress resistance. To explore the potential function of GAD in cotton growth, the genome-wide identification, structure, and expression analysis of GAD genes were performed in this study. There were 10, 9, 5, and 5 GAD genes identified in G. hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. arboreum, and G. raimondii, respectively. GAD was divided into four clades according to the protein motif composition, gene structure, and phylogenetic relationship. The segmental duplication was the main way of the GAD gene family evolution. Most GhGADs respond to abiotic stress. Clade Ⅲ GAD was induced by Cd2+ stress, especially GhGAD6, and silencing GhGAD6 would lead to more serious Cd2+ poisoning in cotton. The oxidative damage caused by Cd2+ stress was relieved by increasing the GABA content. It was speculated that the decreased expression of GhGAD6 reduced the content of GABA in vivo and caused the accumulation of ROS. This study will further expand our understanding of the relationship between the evolution and function of the GhGAD gene family and provide new genetic resources for cotton breeding under environmental stress and phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Yunxin He
- Hunan Institute of Cotton Science, Changde, China
| | - Aihua Cui
- Cotton Research Institute of Jiangxi Province, Jiujiang, China
| | - Liangqing Sun
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Mingge Han
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Cun Rui
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Yuqian Lei
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Yapeng Fan
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Xixian Feng
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Kesong Ni
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Hunan Institute of Cotton Science, Changde, China
| | | | - Chao Chen
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Xiugui Chen
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Xuke Lu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Delong Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Junjuan Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Zujun Yin
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Bobokhonova Zebinisso Qaraevna
- Department Cotton Growing, Genetics, Breeding and Seed, Tajik Agrarian University Named Shirinsho Shotemur Dushanbe, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Lixue Guo
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Lanjie Zhao
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
| | - Wuwei Ye
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, China
- *Correspondence: Wuwei Ye,
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17
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Wang K, He J, Zhao N, Zhao Y, Qi F, Fan F, Wang Y. Effects of melatonin on growth and antioxidant capacity of naked oat ( Avena nuda L) seedlings under lead stress. PeerJ 2022. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) plays an important role in plant response to abiotic stress. In recent years, lead (Pb) pollution has seriously affected the living environment of plants. In this study, we applied two different concentrations of MT to naked oat seedlings under Pb stress to explore the effect of MT on naked oat seedlings under Pb pollution. The results showed that Pb stress seriously inhibited the growth and development of naked oat seedlings, which was alleviated by MT. MT could increase the soluble protein content and decrease the proline content of naked oat seedlings to maintain the osmotic balance of naked oat seedlings. The application of MT could accelerate the removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improve the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), so as to maintain the redox balance in naked oat seedlings. Exogenous melatonin could significantly increase the chlorophyll content of naked oat seedlings under Pb treatment, so as to improve the photosynthesis efficiency of naked oat seedlings. MT could also remarkably up regulate the expression of the genes of LOX, POX and Asmap1, and affect the expression of transcription factors NAC and WRKY1. It might regulate the expression of downstream genes through MAPKs pathways and TFs to improve the Pb tolerance of naked oat seedlings. These results proved that MT could significantly promote the growth and development of naked oats seedlings under Pb stress, which is expected to be applied in agricultural production practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Jinjin He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Ningbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Fangbing Qi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Fenggui Fan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
| | - Yingjuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xian, China
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Dang F, Li Y, Wang Y, Lin J, Du S, Liao X. ZAT10 plays dual roles in cadmium uptake and detoxification in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:994100. [PMID: 36110357 PMCID: PMC9468636 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.994100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a harmful heavy metal that is risky for plant growth and human health. The zinc-finger transcription factor ZAT10 is highly conserved with ZAT6 and ZAT12, which are involved in Cd tolerance in plants. However, the definite function of ZAT10 in Cd tolerance remains uncertain. Here, we demonstrated that ZAT10 negatively regulated Cd uptake and enhanced Cd detoxification in Arabidopsis. The expression of ZAT10 in plants is induced by Cd treatment. The zat10 mutant plants exhibited a greater sensitivity to Cd stress and accumulated more Cd in both shoot and root. Further investigations revealed that ZAT10 repressed the transcriptional activity of IRT1, which encodes a key metal transporter involved in Cd uptake. Meanwhile, ZAT10 positively regulated four heavy metal detoxification-related genes: NAS1, NAS2, IRT2, and MTP3. We further found that ZAT10 interacts with FIT, but their regulatory relationship is still unclear. In addition, ZAT10 directly bound to its own promoter and repressed its transcription as a negative feedback regulation. Collectively, our findings provided new insights into the dual functions of ZAT10 on Cd uptake and detoxification in plants and pointed to ZAT10 as a potential gene resource for Cd tolerance improvement in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfeng Dang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Jinhui Lin
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shenxiu Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Sabella E, Aprile A, Tenuzzo BA, Carata E, Panzarini E, Luvisi A, De Bellis L, Vergine M. Effects of Cadmium on Root Morpho-Physiology of Durum Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:936020. [PMID: 35812940 PMCID: PMC9260267 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.936020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat [Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] can accumulate a high level of Cd in grains with a significant variability depending on cultivars. Understanding how this toxic element is distributed in cereal tissues and grains is essential to improve the nutritional quality of cereal-based products. The main objective of this work was to investigate roots of durum wheat plants (cv. Iride) exposed to different Cd concentrations (0.5 and 5.0 μM) to identify the mechanisms involved in Cd management. Results showed that the root morphology was altered by Cd treatment both at macroscopic (increased number of tips and primary root length) and ultrastructural levels (cell membrane system damaged, cell walls thickened and enriched in suberin). On the other side, Cd was localized in vesicles and in cell walls, and the metal colocalized with the phytosiderophore nicotianamine (NA). Overall, data suggest that Cd is chelated by NA and then compartmentalized, through vesicular trafficking, in the root thickened walls reducing Cd translocation to the aerial organs of the plant.
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20
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Meng Y, Jing H, Huang J, Shen R, Zhu X. The Role of Nitric Oxide Signaling in Plant Responses to Cadmium Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23136901. [PMID: 35805908 PMCID: PMC9266721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23136901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a widely distributed gaseous signaling molecule in plants that can be synthesized through enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways and plays an important role in plant growth and development, signal transduction, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal pollutant widely found in the environment, which not only inhibits plant growth but also enters humans through the food chain and endangers human health. To reduce or avoid the adverse effects of Cd stress, plants have evolved a range of coping mechanisms. Many studies have shown that NO is also involved in the plant response to Cd stress and plays an important role in regulating the resistance of plants to Cd stress. However, until now, the mechanisms by which Cd stress regulates the level of endogenous NO accumulation in plant cells remained unclear, and the role of exogenous NO in plant responses to Cd stress is controversial. This review describes the pathways of NO production in plants, the changes in endogenous NO levels in plants under Cd stress, and the effects of exogenous NO on regulating plant resistance to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huaikang Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Renfang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.M.); (H.J.); (J.H.); (R.S.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8688-1008 or +86-25-8688-1000
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21
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Huber M, Armbruster L, Etherington RD, De La Torre C, Hawkesford MJ, Sticht C, Gibbs DJ, Hell R, Wirtz M. Disruption of the N α-Acetyltransferase NatB Causes Sensitivity to Reductive Stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:799954. [PMID: 35046984 PMCID: PMC8761761 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.799954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, the evolutionary conserved N-terminal acetyltransferase (Nat) complexes NatA and NatB co-translationally acetylate 60% of the proteome. Both have recently been implicated in the regulation of plant stress responses. While NatA mediates drought tolerance, NatB is required for pathogen resistance and the adaptation to high salinity and high osmolarity. Salt and osmotic stress impair protein folding and result in the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The ER-membrane resident E3 ubiquitin ligase DOA10 targets misfolded proteins for degradation during ER stress and is conserved among eukaryotes. In yeast, DOA10 recognizes conditional degradation signals (Ac/N-degrons) created by NatA and NatB. Assuming that this mechanism is preserved in plants, the lack of Ac/N-degrons required for efficient removal of misfolded proteins might explain the sensitivity of NatB mutants to protein harming conditions. In this study, we investigate the response of NatB mutants to dithiothreitol (DTT) and tunicamycin (TM)-induced ER stress. We report that NatB mutants are hypersensitive to DTT but not TM, suggesting that the DTT hypersensitivity is caused by an over-reduction of the cytosol rather than an accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER. In line with this hypothesis, the cytosol of NatB depleted plants is constitutively over-reduced and a global transcriptome analysis reveals that their reductive stress response is permanently activated. Moreover, we demonstrate that doa10 mutants are susceptible to neither DTT nor TM, ruling out a substantial role of DOA10 in ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) in plants. Contrary to previous findings in yeast, our data indicate that N-terminal acetylation (NTA) does not inhibit ER targeting of a substantial amount of proteins in plants. In summary, we provide further evidence that NatB-mediated imprinting of the proteome is vital for the response to protein harming stress and rule out DOA10 as the sole recognin for substrates in the plant ERAD pathway, leaving the role of DOA10 in plants ambiguous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Huber
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Molecular Biology of Plants Group, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Armbruster
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Molecular Biology of Plants Group, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Carolina De La Torre
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Sticht
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel J. Gibbs
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Rüdiger Hell
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Molecular Biology of Plants Group, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Wirtz
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Molecular Biology of Plants Group, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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22
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García de la Torre VS, Coba de la Peña T, Lucas MM, Pueyo JJ. Transgenic Medicago truncatula Plants That Accumulate Proline Display Enhanced Tolerance to Cadmium Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:829069. [PMID: 35154232 PMCID: PMC8826176 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.829069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in agricultural soils constitutes a serious problem for crop yields and food safety. It is known that proline (Pro) can rapidly accumulate in plant tissues in response to abiotic stress. To analyze the potential protective effect of Pro accumulation against Cd toxicity, we compared the response to Cd stress of wild-type (WT) Medicago truncatula and a transgenic line that we had previously obtained and characterized (p18), which expressed the Δ 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene from Vigna aconitifolia (VaP5CS), and accumulated high Pro levels. Cadmium significantly reduced germination of WT seeds compared to p18 seeds, and seedling relative root growth, a valid indicator of metal tolerance, was significantly higher for p18 than WT seedlings. We analyzed the relative expression of genes related to Pro metabolism, phytochelatin biosynthesis. antioxidant machinery, and NADPH recycling, which are relevant mechanisms in the response to Cd stress. They presented differential expression in the seedlings of both genotypes both under control conditions and under Cd stress, suggesting that the Cd response mechanisms might be constitutively activated in the transgenic line. Pro accumulation promoted higher survival, enhanced growth performance, and minor nutrient imbalance in transgenic p18 plants compared to WT plants. These facts, together with the recorded gluthatione levels, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities strongly suggested that VaP5CS expression and Pro accumulation conferred enhanced Cd tolerance to M. truncatula p18 plants, which was likely mediated by changes in Pro metabolism, increased phytochelatin biosynthesis and a more efficient antioxidant response. Moreover, p18 roots accumulated significantly higher Cd amounts than WT roots, while Cd translocation to the aerial part was similar to WT plants, thus suggesting that high Pro levels increased not only Cd tolerance, but also Cd phytostabilization by rhizosequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teodoro Coba de la Peña
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), La Serena, Chile
- *Correspondence: Teodoro Coba de la Peña,
| | - M. Mercedes Lucas
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientiíficas (ICA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- M. Mercedes Lucas,
| | - José J. Pueyo
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientiíficas (ICA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- José J. Pueyo,
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23
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Chen Y, Li G, Yang J, Zhao X, Sun Z, Hou H. Role of Nramp transporter genes of Spirodela polyrhiza in cadmium accumulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112907. [PMID: 34673410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As a pollutant, Cd causes severe impact to the environment and damages living organisms. It can be uptaken from the environment by the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp) in plants. However, the ion absorption function of Nramp transporter genes in Spirodela polyrhiza has not been reported. In this study, SpNramp1, SpNramp2, and SpNramp3 from S. polyrhiza were cloned and their functions were analyzed in S. polyrhiza and yeast. Growth parameters and physicochemical indices of wild-type and transgenic lines were measured under Cd stress. Results revealed that SpNramp1, SpNramp2, and SpNramp3 were identified as plasma membrane-localized transporters, and their roles in transporting Cd were verified in yeast. In S. polyrhiza, SpNramp1 overexpression significantly increased the content of Cd, Fe, Mn, and fresh weight. SpNramp2 overexpression increased Mn and Cd. SpNramp3 overexpression increased Fe and Mn concentrations. These results indicate that SpNramp1, SpNramp2, and SpNramp3 had a different preference for ion absorption. Two S. polyrhiza transgenic lines (OE1 and OE3) were obtained. One of them (OE1) showed a stronger accumulation ability, and the other one (OE3) exhibited tolerance capacity to Cd. This study provides new insight into the functions of SpNramp1, SpNramp2, and SpNramp3 and obtains important enrichment lines (OE1) for manipulating Cd accumulation, phytoremediation, and ecological safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gaojie Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuyao Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China
| | - Zuoliang Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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24
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Żabka A, Gocek N, Winnicki K, Szczeblewski P, Laskowski T, Polit JT. Changes in Epigenetic Patterns Related to DNA Replication in Vicia faba Root Meristem Cells under Cadmium-Induced Stress Conditions. Cells 2021; 10:3409. [PMID: 34943918 PMCID: PMC8699714 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiments on Vicia faba root meristem cells exposed to 150 µM cadmium chloride (CdCl2) were undertaken to analyse epigenetic changes, mainly with respect to DNA replication stress. Histone modifications examined by means of immunofluorescence labeling included: (1) acetylation of histone H3 on lysine 56 (H3K56Ac), involved in transcription, S phase, and response to DNA damage during DNA biosynthesis; (2) dimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 79 (H3K79Me2), correlated with the replication initiation; (3) phosphorylation of histone H3 on threonine 45 (H3T45Ph), engaged in DNA synthesis and apoptosis. Moreover, immunostaining using specific antibodies against 5-MetC-modified DNA was used to determine the level of DNA methylation. A significant decrease in the level of H3K79Me2, noted in all phases of the CdCl2-treated interphase cell nuclei, was found to correspond with: (1) an increase in the mean number of intranuclear foci of H3K56Ac histones (observed mainly in S-phase), (2) a plethora of nuclear and nucleolar labeling patterns (combined with a general decrease in H3T45Ph), and (3) a decrease in DNA methylation. All these changes correlate well with a general viewpoint that DNA modifications and post-translational histone modifications play an important role in gene expression and plant development under cadmium-induced stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Żabka
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (N.G.); (K.W.); (J.T.P.)
| | - Natalia Gocek
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (N.G.); (K.W.); (J.T.P.)
| | - Konrad Winnicki
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (N.G.); (K.W.); (J.T.P.)
| | - Paweł Szczeblewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (P.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Tomasz Laskowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; (P.S.); (T.L.)
| | - Justyna Teresa Polit
- Department of Cytophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (N.G.); (K.W.); (J.T.P.)
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25
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Yadav V, Arif N, Singh VP, Guerriero G, Berni R, Shinde S, Raturi G, Deshmukh R, Sandalio LM, Chauhan DK, Tripathi DK. Histochemical Techniques in Plant Science: More Than Meets the Eye. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1509-1527. [PMID: 33594421 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Histochemistry is an essential analytical tool interfacing extensively with plant science. The literature is indeed constellated with examples showing its use to decipher specific physiological and developmental processes, as well as to study plant cell structures. Plant cell structures are translucent unless they are stained. Histochemistry allows the identification and localization, at the cellular level, of biomolecules and organelles in different types of cells and tissues, based on the use of specific staining reactions and imaging. Histochemical techniques are also widely used for the in vivo localization of promoters in specific tissues, as well as to identify specific cell wall components such as lignin and polysaccharides. Histochemistry also enables the study of plant reactions to environmental constraints, e.g. the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be traced by applying histochemical staining techniques. The possibility of detecting ROS and localizing them at the cellular level is vital in establishing the mechanisms involved in the sensitivity and tolerance to different stress conditions in plants. This review comprehensively highlights the additional value of histochemistry as a complementary technique to high-throughput approaches for the study of the plant response to environmental constraints. Moreover, here we have provided an extensive survey of the available plant histochemical staining methods used for the localization of metals, minerals, secondary metabolites, cell wall components, and the detection of ROS production in plant cells. The use of recent technological advances like CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing for histological application is also addressed. This review also surveys the available literature data on histochemical techniques used to study the response of plants to abiotic stresses and to identify the effects at the tissue and cell levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Yadav
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Namira Arif
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Roberto Berni
- TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Suhas Shinde
- Department of Biology and Gus R. Douglass Institute, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV 25112, USA
| | - Gaurav Raturi
- Department of Agri-Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Agri-Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Mohali, India
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, Granada 18008, Spain
| | - Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, I 2 Block, 5th Floor, AUUP Campus Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
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26
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Melatonin Confers Plant Cadmium Tolerance: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111704. [PMID: 34769134 PMCID: PMC8583868 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most injurious heavy metals, affecting plant growth and development. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) was discovered in plants in 1995, and it is since known to act as a multifunctional molecule to alleviate abiotic and biotic stresses, especially Cd stress. Endogenously triggered or exogenously applied melatonin re-establishes the redox homeostasis by the improvement of the antioxidant defense system. It can also affect the Cd transportation and sequestration by regulating the transcripts of genes related to the major metal transport system, as well as the increase in glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs). Melatonin activates several downstream signals, such as nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and salicylic acid (SA), which are required for plant Cd tolerance. Similar to the physiological functions of NO, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is also involved in the abiotic stress-related processes in plants. Moreover, exogenous melatonin induces H2S generation in plants under salinity or heat stress. However, the involvement of H2S action in melatonin-induced Cd tolerance is still largely unknown. In this review, we summarize the progresses in various physiological and molecular mechanisms regulated by melatonin in plants under Cd stress. The complex interactions between melatonin and H2S in acquisition of Cd stress tolerance are also discussed.
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27
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Piacentini D, Della Rovere F, Bertoldi I, Massimi L, Sofo A, Altamura MM, Falasca G. Peroxisomal PEX7 Receptor Affects Cadmium-Induced ROS and Auxin Homeostasis in Arabidopsis Root System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091494. [PMID: 34573126 PMCID: PMC8471170 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are important in plant physiological functions and stress responses. Through the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), and antioxidant defense enzymes, peroxisomes control cellular redox homeostasis. Peroxin (PEX) proteins, such as PEX7 and PEX5, recognize peroxisome targeting signals (PTS1/PTS2) important for transporting proteins from cytosol to peroxisomal matrix. pex7-1 mutant displays reduced PTS2 protein import and altered peroxisomal metabolism. In this research we analyzed the role of PEX7 in the Arabidopsis thaliana root system exposed to 30 or 60 μM CdSO4. Cd uptake and translocation, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) levels, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) levels and catalase activity were analyzed in pex7-1 mutant primary and lateral roots in comparison with the wild type (wt). The peroxisomal defect due to PEX7 mutation did not reduce Cd-uptake but reduced its translocation to the shoot and the root cell peroxisomal signal detected by 8-(4-Nitrophenyl) Bodipy (N-BODIPY) probe. The trend of nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite in pex7-1 roots, exposed/not exposed to Cd, was as in wt, with the higher Cd-concentration inducing higher levels of these RNS. By contrast, PEX7 mutation caused changes in Cd-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2●-) levels in the roots, delaying ROS-scavenging. Results show that PEX7 is involved in counteracting Cd toxicity in Arabidopsis root system by controlling ROS metabolism and affecting auxin levels. These results add further information to the important role of peroxisomes in plant responses to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Federica Della Rovere
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Ilaria Bertoldi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, and Cultural Heritage (DICEM), University of Basilicata, Via San Rocco 3, 75100 Matera, Italy;
| | - Maria Maddalena Altamura
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)6-4992-2839
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28
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Peco JD, Sandalio LM, Higueras P, Olmedilla A, Campos JA. Characterization of the biochemical basis for copper homeostasis and tolerance in Biscutella auriculata L. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:167-179. [PMID: 33280132 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biscutella auriculata L. is a plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family and it has been found growing in a metal-contaminated area of the San Quíntín mine (Ciudad Real, Spain). The purpose of this work was to evaluate the mechanisms that allow this plant to tolerate high concentrations of copper. Seedlings were grown in a semi-hydroponic system for 15 days under 125 μM of Cu (NO3 )2 . Exposure to copper resulted in growth inhibition and reduction in the photosynthetic parameters. Copper was mainly accumulated in vascular tissue and vacuoles of the roots and only a minor proportion was transferred to the shoot. Biothiol analysis showed a greater enhancement of reduced glutathione in leaves and increases of phytochelatins (PC2 and PC3) in both leaves and roots. Copper treatment induced oxidative stress, which triggered a response of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms. The results show that B. auriculata is able to tolerate high metal levels through the activation of specific mechanisms to neutralize the oxidative stress produced and also by metal sequestration through phytochelatins. The preferential accumulation of copper in roots provides clues for further studies on the use of this plant for phytostabilization and environmental recovery purposes in Cu-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús D Peco
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, UCLM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, UCLM, Almadén, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | | | - Adela Olmedilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Juan A Campos
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, UCLM, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, UCLM, Almadén, Spain
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29
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Touzout N, Mehallah H, Moralent R, Moulay M, Nemmiche S. Phytotoxic evaluation of neonicotinoid imidacloprid and cadmium alone and in combination on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:1126-1137. [PMID: 34085160 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids and heavy metals pollution exist simultaneously in agro ecosystem. However, little is known about their combined ecotoxicological effects on non-target crop plants. We have selected imidacloprid (IMI) and cadmium (Cd), applied alone and in combination, to evaluate their effect on growth, physiological and biochemical parameters of tomato. Results showed that the single application of contaminants (IMI and/or Cd) adversely affected both the growth and chlorophyll pigment, and Cd alone application was more phytotoxic than IMI. However, their combined action aggravated the inhibitory effect and indicate a synergistic effect, but it exerted antagonistic effects on chlorophyll pigment inhibition compared with IMI and Cd alone treatments. Both chemicals increased hydrogen peroxide level and generated lipid peroxidation, and the co-contamination exacerbates oxidative stress by their synergistic effect. Those results implicate that disturbance of cellular redox status is the plausible mechanism for IMI and Cd induced toxicity. In conclusion, the single or combined IMI and Cd cause negative effects on tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Touzout
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Department of Agronomy, University of Mostaganem, Mostaganem, 27000, Algeria
| | - Hafidha Mehallah
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Mostaganem, Mostaganem, 27000, Algeria
| | - Radia Moralent
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Mostaganem, Mostaganem, 27000, Algeria
| | - Mohammed Moulay
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Mostaganem, Mostaganem, 27000, Algeria
- Stem Cells Research Group, KFMRC, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saïd Nemmiche
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Department of Biology, University of Mostaganem, Mostaganem, 27000, Algeria.
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30
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Chen K, Su C, Tang W, Zhou Y, Xu Z, Chen J, Li H, Chen M, Ma Y. Nuclear transport factor GmNTF2B-1 enhances soybean drought tolerance by interacting with oxidoreductase GmOXR17 to reduce reactive oxygen species content. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:740-759. [PMID: 33978999 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a critical abiotic stressor that modulates soybean yield. Drought stress drastically enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and maintaining ROS content above a cytostatic level but below a cytotoxic level is essential for normal biology processes in plants. At present, most of the known ROS-scavenging systems are in the cytoplasm, and the mechanism of ROS regulation in the nucleus remains unclear. GmNTF2B-1 is a member of the IV subgroup in the nucleus transporter family. Its expression is localized to the roots and is stimulated by drought stress. In this study, the overexpression of GmNTF2B-1 was found to improve the drought tolerance of transgenic soybean by influencing the ROS content in plants. An oxidoreductase, GmOXR17, was identified to interact with GmNTF2B-1 in the nucleus through the yeast two-hybrid, coimmunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. The drought tolerance of GmOXR17 transgenic soybean was similar to that of GmNTF2B-1. GmNTF2B-1 was expressed in both cytoplasm and nucleus, and GmOXR17 transferred from the cytoplasm to the nucleus under drought stress. The overexpression of GmNTF2B-1 enhanced the nuclear entry of GmOXR17, and the overexpression of GmNTF2B-1 or GmOXR17 could decrease the H2 O2 content and oxidation level in the nucleus. In conclusion, the interaction between GmNTF2B-1 and GmOXR17 may enhance the nuclear entry of GmOXR17, thereby enhancing nuclear ROS scavenging to improve the drought resistance of soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Chen Su
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
- Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Xi'an, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Wensi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yongbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhaoshi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Youzhi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, China
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Cadmium (II)-Induced Oxidative Stress Results in Replication Stress and Epigenetic Modifications in Root Meristem Cell Nuclei of Vicia faba. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030640. [PMID: 33805688 PMCID: PMC7999292 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among heavy metals, cadmium is considered one of the most toxic and dangerous environmental factors, contributing to stress by disturbing the delicate balance between production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To explore possible relationships and linkages between Cd(II)-induced oxidative stress and the consequent damage at the genomic level (followed by DNA replication stress), root apical meristem (RAM) cells in broad bean (V. faba) seedlings exposed to CdCl2 treatment and to post-cadmium recovery water incubations were tested with respect to H2O2 production, DNA double-strand breaks (γ-phosphorylation of H2AX histones), chromatin morphology, histone H3S10 phosphorylation on serine (a marker of chromatin condensation), mitotic activity, and EdU staining (to quantify cells typical of different stages of nuclear DNA replication). In order to evaluate Cd(II)-mediated epigenetic changes involved in transcription and in the assembly of nucleosomes during the S-phase of the cell cycle, the acetylation of histone H3 on lysine 5 (H3K56Ac) was investigated by immunofluorescence. Cellular responses to cadmium (II) toxicity seem to be composed of a series of interlinked biochemical reactions, which, via generation of ROS and DNA damage-induced replication stress, ultimately activate signal factors engaged in cell cycle control pathways, DNA repair systems, and epigenetic adaptations.
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García de la Torre VS, Coba de la Peña T, Pueyo JJ, Lucas MM. Cadmium-Tolerant and -Sensitive Cultivars Identified by Screening of Medicago truncatula Germplasm Display Contrasting Responses to Cadmium Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:595001. [PMID: 33777061 PMCID: PMC7991585 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.595001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) pollution in soils is an increasing problem worldwide, and it affects crop production and safety. We identified Cd-tolerant and -sensitive cultivars by testing 258 accessions of Medicago truncatula at seedling stage, using the relative root growth (RRG) as an indicator of Cd tolerance. The factorial analysis (principal component analysis method) of the different growth parameters analyzed revealed a clear differentiation between accessions depending on the trait (tolerant or sensitive). We obtained a normalized index of Cd tolerance, which further supported the suitability of RRG to assess Cd tolerance at seedling stage. Cd and elements contents were analyzed, but no correlations with the tolerance trait were found. The responses to Cd stress of two accessions which had similar growth in the absence of Cd, different sensitivity to the metal but similar Cd accumulation capacity, were analyzed during germination, seedling stage, and in mature plants. The results showed that the Cd-tolerant accession (CdT) displayed a higher tolerance than the sensitive cultivar (CdS) in all the studied stages. The increased gene expression of the three main NADPH recycling enzymes in CdT might be key for this tolerance. In CdS, Cd stress produced strong expression of most of the genes that encode enzymes involved in glutathione and phytochelatin biosynthesis (MtCYS, MtγECS, and MtGSHS), as well as GR, but it was not enough to avoid a redox status imbalance and oxidative damages. Our results on gene expression, enzyme activity, antioxidant content, and lipid peroxidation indicate different strategies to cope with Cd stress between CdS and CdT, and provide new insights on Cd tolerance and Cd toxicity mechanisms in M. truncatula.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teodoro Coba de la Peña
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas, La Serena, Chile
| | - José J. Pueyo
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Mercedes Lucas
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid, Spain
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Souri Z, Karimi N, Ahmad P. The effect of NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and glutathione (GSH) on Isatis cappadocica, under Arsenic (As) toxicity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:945-957. [PMID: 33472408 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1870435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present work was conducted to assess the effects of arsenic (As, 1000 µM), diphenyleneiodonium (DPI, 10 µM) and reduced glutathione (GSH, 500 µM) on Isatis cappadocica. As treatment decreased plant growth and fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and also enhanced the accumulation of As. As stress also enhanced the oxidative stress biomarkers, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, the application of GSH decreased the content of H2O2 and MDA by 43% and 55%, respectively, as compared to As treatment. The antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) also enhanced with As stress. NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the DPI, enhances the effect of As toxicity by increasing the accumulation of As, H2O2, MDA. DPI also enhances the activity of antioxidant enzymes except GR and GST, However, the application GSH increased the plant growth and biomass yield, decreases accumulation of As, H2O2 and MDA content in As as well as As + DPI treated plants. The thiols content [total thiol (TT), non-protein thiol (NPT) protein thiols (PT), and glutathione (GSH)] were decreased in the As + DPI treatment but supplementation of GSH enhanced them. Novelty statement: The study reveals the beneficial role of GSH in mitigating the deleterious effects of Arsenic toxicity through its active involvement in the antioxidant metabolism, thiol synthesis and osmolyte accumulation. Apart from As, We provided the plants NADPH oxidase inhibitor, the diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), which boosts the As toxicity. At present, there is dearth of information pertaining to the effects of DPI on plants growth and their responses under heavy metal stress.GSH application reversed the effect of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) under As stress preventing the oxidative damage to biomolecules through the modulation of different antioxidant enzymes. The application of GSH for As stressed soil could be a sustainable approach for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Souri
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Modareszadeh M, Bahmani R, Kim D, Hwang S. CAX3 (cation/proton exchanger) mediates a Cd tolerance by decreasing ROS through Ca elevation in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:115-132. [PMID: 32926249 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01072-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Over-expression of CAX3 encoding a cation/proton exchanger enhances Cd tolerance by decreasing ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) through activating anti-oxidative enzymes via elevation of Ca level in Arabidopsis CAXs (cation/proton exchangers) are involved in the sequestration of cations such as Mn, Li, and Cd, as well as Ca, from cytosol into the vacuole using proton gradients. In addition, it has been reported that CAX1, 2 and 4 are involved in Cd tolerance. Interestingly, it has been reported that CAX3 expressions were enhanced by Cd in Cd-tolerant transgenic plants expressing Hb1 (hemoglobin 1) or UBC1 (Ub-conjugating enzyme 1). Therefore, to investigate whether CAX3 plays a role in increasing Cd tolerance, CAX3 of Arabidopsis and tobacco were over-expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. Compared to control plants, both transgenic plants displayed an increase in Cd tolerance, no change in Cd accumulation, and enhanced Ca levels. In support of these, AtCAX3-Arabidopsis showed no change in expressions of Cd transporters, but reduced expressions of Ca exporters and lower rate of Ca efflux. By contrast, atcax3 knockout Arabidopsis exhibited a reduced Cd tolerance, while the Cd level was not altered. The expression of Δ90-AtCAX3 (deletion of autoinhibitory domain) increased Cd and Ca tolerance in yeast, while AtCAX3 expression did not. Interestingly, less accumulation of ROS (H2O2 and O2-) was observed in CAX3-expressing transgenic plants and was accompanied with higher antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GR). Taken together, CAX3 over-expression may enhance Cd tolerance by decreasing Cd-induced ROS production by activating antioxidant enzymes and by intervening the positive feedback circuit between ROS generation and Cd-induced spikes of cytoplasmic Ca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Modareszadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Ramin Bahmani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - DongGwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongbin Hwang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea.
- Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea.
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Das U, Rahman MA, Ela EJ, Lee KW, Kabir AH. Sulfur triggers glutathione and phytochelatin accumulation causing excess Cd bound to the cell wall of roots in alleviating Cd-toxicity in alfalfa. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:128361. [PMID: 33182109 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although Cd is threatening to the environment, animal, and human, the eco-friendly approach to mitigate the Cd-toxicity in alfalfa was barely studied. Therefore, this study aims at elucidating the role of S, a crucial macroelement, in alleviating Cd toxicity in alfalfa plants. The supplementation of S in Cd-stressed alfalfa reversed the detrimental effect on plant biomass, chlorophyll synthesis, and protein concentration. Interestingly, S surplus restored the photosynthetic kinetics, such as Fv/Fm, Pi_ABS, and Mo values in leaves of Cd-stressed alfalfa. Further, Cd-induced adverse effect on membrane stability, cell viability, and redox status was restored due to S under Cd stress. The exogenous S not only increased S status and the expression of sulfate transporters (MsSULRT1;2 and MsSULTR1;3), but also decreased the Cd concentration in the shoot by retaining elevated Cd in root tissue. Further analysis revealed the upregulation of MsGS (glutathione synthetase) and MsPCS1 (phytochelatin synthase) genes along with the increased concentration of glutathione and phytochelatin, predominantly in roots subjected to S surplus under Cd stress. The subcellular Cd analysis showed elevated Cd in the cell wall but not in the vacuole. It suggests that S-induced elevated glutathione enables the phytochelatin to bind with excess Cd leading to subcellular sequestration in the cell wall of roots. Also, S stimulates the S-metabolites and GR enzyme that coordinately counteracts Cd-induced oxidative damage. These findings can be utilized to popularize the application of S and to perform breeding/transgenic experiments to develop Cd-free forage crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmi Das
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Esrat Jahan Ela
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Ki-Won Lee
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmad Humayan Kabir
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
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Chen P, Li Z, Luo D, Jia R, Lu H, Tang M, Hu Y, Yue J, Huang Z. Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals key genes and pathways in two different cadmium tolerance kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) cultivars. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128211. [PMID: 33297170 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination has become a massive environmental problem. Kenaf is an industrial fiber crop with high tolerance to heavy metals and could be potentially used for soil phytoremediation. However, the molecular mechanism of Cd in kenaf tolerance remains largely unknown. In the present study, using two contrasting Cd sensitive kenaf (GH and YJ), the key factors accounting for differential Cd tolerance were investigated. GH has a stronger Cd transport and accumulation ability than YJ. In addition, physiological index investigation on malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, and CAT) activities showed GH has a stronger detoxification capacity than YJ. Furthermore, the cell ultrastructure of GH is more stable than that of YJ under Cd stress. Transcriptome analysis revealed 2221 (689 up and 1532 down) and 3321 (2451 up and 870 down) genes were differentially expressed in GH and YJ, respectively. More DEGs (differentially expressed genes) were characterized as up-regulated in GH, indicating GH is inclined to activate gene expression to cope with cadmium stress. GO and KEGG analyses indicate that DEGs were assigned and enriched in different pathways. Plenty of critical Cd-induced DEGs such as SOD2, PODs, MT1, DTXs, NRT1, ABCs, CES, AP2/ERF, MYBs, NACs, and WRKYs were identified. The DEGs involved pathways, including antioxidant, heavy metal transport or detoxification, substance transport, plant hormone and calcium signals, ultrastructural component, and a wide range of transcription factors were suggested to play crucial roles in kenaf Cd tolerance, and accounting for the difference in Cd stress sensitivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Zengqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Dengjie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ruixing Jia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Meiqiong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yali Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiao Yue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Keyster M, Niekerk LA, Basson G, Carelse M, Bakare O, Ludidi N, Klein A, Mekuto L, Gokul A. Decoding Heavy Metal Stress Signalling in Plants: Towards Improved Food Security and Safety. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1781. [PMID: 33339160 PMCID: PMC7765602 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mining of heavy metals from the environment leads to an increase in soil pollution, leading to the uptake of heavy metals into plant tissue. The build-up of toxic metals in plant cells often leads to cellular damage and senescence. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to produce plants with improved tolerance to heavy metals for food security, as well as to limit heavy metal uptake for improved food safety purposes. To achieve this goal, our understanding of the signaling mechanisms which regulate toxic heavy metal uptake and tolerance in plants requires extensive improvement. In this review, we summarize recent literature and data on heavy metal toxicity (oral reference doses) and the impact of the metals on food safety and food security. Furthermore, we discuss some of the key events (reception, transduction, and response) in the heavy metal signaling cascades in the cell wall, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm. Our future perspectives provide an outlook of the exciting advances that will shape the plant heavy metal signaling field in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (M.C.); (O.B.)
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7530, South Africa;
| | - Lee-Ann Niekerk
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (M.C.); (O.B.)
| | - Gerhard Basson
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Mogamat Carelse
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (M.C.); (O.B.)
| | - Olalekan Bakare
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa; (L.-A.N.); (M.C.); (O.B.)
| | - Ndiko Ludidi
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7530, South Africa;
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Ashwil Klein
- Plant Omics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa;
| | - Lukhanyo Mekuto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
| | - Arun Gokul
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa;
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Lechón T, Sanz L, Sánchez-Vicente I, Lorenzo O. Nitric Oxide Overproduction by cue1 Mutants Differs on Developmental Stages and Growth Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1484. [PMID: 33158046 PMCID: PMC7692804 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The cue1 nitric oxide (NO) overproducer mutants are impaired in a plastid phosphoenolpyruvate/phosphate translocator, mainly expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana roots. cue1 mutants present an increased content of arginine, a precursor of NO in oxidative synthesis processes. However, the pathways of plant NO biosynthesis and signaling have not yet been fully characterized, and the role of CUE1 in these processes is not clear. Here, in an attempt to advance our knowledge regarding NO homeostasis, we performed a deep characterization of the NO production of four different cue1 alleles (cue1-1, cue1-5, cue1-6 and nox1) during seed germination, primary root elongation, and salt stress resistance. Furthermore, we analyzed the production of NO in different carbon sources to improve our understanding of the interplay between carbon metabolism and NO homeostasis. After in vivo NO imaging and spectrofluorometric quantification of the endogenous NO levels of cue1 mutants, we demonstrate that CUE1 does not directly contribute to the rapid NO synthesis during seed imbibition. Although cue1 mutants do not overproduce NO during germination and early plant development, they are able to accumulate NO after the seedling is completely established. Thus, CUE1 regulates NO homeostasis during post-germinative growth to modulate root development in response to carbon metabolism, as different sugars modify root elongation and meristem organization in cue1 mutants. Therefore, cue1 mutants are a useful tool to study the physiological effects of NO in post-germinative growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oscar Lorenzo
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, C/Río Duero 12, 37185 Salamanca, Spain; (T.L.); (L.S.); (I.S.-V.)
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39
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Peralta JM, Travaglia CN, Romero-Puertas MC, Furlan A, Castro S, Bianucci E. Unraveling the impact of arsenic on the redox response of peanut plants inoculated with two different Bradyrhizobium sp. strains. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127410. [PMID: 32615455 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) can be present naturally in groundwater from peanut fields, constituting a serious problem, as roots can accumulate and mobilize the metalloid to their edible parts. Understanding the redox changes in the legume exposed to As may help to detect potential risks to human health and recognize tolerance mechanisms. Thirty-days old peanut plants inoculated with Bradyrhizobium sp. strains (SEMIA6144 or C-145) were exposed to a realistic arsenate concentration, in order to unravel the redox response and characterize the oxidative stress indexes. Thus, root anatomy, reactive oxygen species detection by fluorescence microscopy and, ROS histochemical staining along with the NADPH oxidase activity were analyzed. Besides, photosynthetic pigments and damage to lipids and proteins were determined as oxidative stress indicators. Results showed that at 3 μM AsV, the cross-section areas of peanut roots were augmented; NADPH oxidase activity was significantly increased and O2˙¯and H2O2 accumulated in leaves and roots. Likewise, an increase in the lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls was also observed throughout the plant regardless the inoculated strain, while chlorophylls and carotenes were increased only in those inoculated with Bradyrhizobium sp. C-145. Interestingly, the oxidative burst, mainly induced by the NADPH oxidase activity, and the consequent oxidative stress was strain-dependent and organ-differential. Additionally, As modifies the root anatomy, acting as a possibly first defense mechanism against the metalloid entry. All these findings allowed us to conclude that the redox response of peanut is conditioned by the rhizobial strain, which contributes to the importance of effectively formulating bioinoculants for this crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Peralta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Ruta 36, Km 601, X5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Claudia N Travaglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Ruta 36, Km 601, X5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, E-18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Furlan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Ruta 36, Km 601, X5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Stella Castro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Ruta 36, Km 601, X5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eliana Bianucci
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), Ruta 36, Km 601, X5800, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Pilaisangsuree V, Anuwan P, Supdensong K, Lumpa P, Kongbangkerd A, Limmongkon A. Enhancement of adaptive response in peanut hairy root by exogenous signalling molecules under cadmium stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 254:153278. [PMID: 32980640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants counteract Cd toxicity by activating cellular stress responses. The simultaneous exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD) before Cd exposure improved the response of Arachis hypogaea hairy root culture to the unfavourable effects of Cd toxicity. At 24 h after elicitation, genes that encode key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway (i.e., PAL and RS3) were up-regulated to 3.2- and 5.4-fold changes respectively, thereby inducing stilbene production. The up-regulation of genes that encode transcription factors (i.e., ERF1 and ERF6) significantly increased the expression of several genes (PR4A, PR5, PR10, and chitinase) that encode the pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins to 25.8-, 45-, 5- and 12.6-fold changes, respectively. The more dramatic up-regulation of PR protein-encoding genes demonstrated the significant role of defence proteins in plant protective mechanisms. The prolonged (i.e., 72-h) treatment with MeJA + CD_Cd triggered adaptive responses by substantially increasing the levels of antioxidants, stilbenes, and other phenolic substances. These findings suggest that the interaction between signalling elicitors (MeJA and CD) and Cd modulates a complex signalling network for plant defence system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijakhana Pilaisangsuree
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Piyanuch Anuwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Kanitha Supdensong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Pimpimon Lumpa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Anupan Kongbangkerd
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Apinun Limmongkon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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Terrón-Camero LC, Rodríguez-Serrano M, Sandalio LM, Romero-Puertas MC. Nitric oxide is essential for cadmium-induced peroxule formation and peroxisome proliferation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2492-2507. [PMID: 32692422 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrosylated derivatives are produced in peroxisomes, but the impact of NO metabolism on organelle functions remains largely uncharacterised. Double and triple NO-related mutants expressing cyan florescent protein (CFP)-SKL (nox1 × px-ck and nia1 nia2 × px-ck) were generated to determine whether NO regulates peroxisomal dynamics in response to cadmium (Cd) stress using confocal microscopy. Peroxule production was compromised in the nia1 nia2 mutants, which had lower NO levels than the wild-type plants. These findings show that NO is produced early in the response to Cd stress and was involved in peroxule production. Cd-induced peroxisomal proliferation was analysed using electron microscopy and by the accumulation of the peroxisomal marker PEX14. Peroxisomal proliferation was inhibited in the nia1 nia2 mutants. However, the phenotype was recovered by exogenous NO treatment. The number of peroxisomes and oxidative metabolism were changed in the NO-related mutant cells. Furthermore, the pattern of oxidative modification and S-nitrosylation of the catalase (CAT) protein was changed in the NO-related mutants in both the absence and presence of Cd stress. Peroxisome-dependent signalling was also affected in the NO-related mutants. Taken together, these results show that NO metabolism plays an important role in peroxisome functions and signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Terrón-Camero
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Serrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
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Peco JD, Campos JA, Romero-Puertas MC, Olmedilla A, Higueras P, Sandalio LM. Characterization of mechanisms involved in tolerance and accumulation of Cd in Biscutella auriculata L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110784. [PMID: 32485494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Biscutella auriculata L. is one of the rare species that is able to grow in a very contaminated mining area in Villamayor de Calatrava (Ciudad Real, Spain). In an effort to understand the mechanisms involved in the tolerance of this plant to high metal concentrations, we grew B. auriculata in the presence of 125 μM Cd(NO3)2 for 15 days and analysed different parameters associated with plant growth, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species metabolism, metal uptake and translocation, photosynthesis rate and biothiol (glutathione and phytochelatins) content. Treatment with Cd led to growth inhibition in both the leaves and the roots, as well as a reduction of photosynthetic parameters, transpiration and stomatal conductance. The metal was mainly accumulated in the roots and in the vascular tissue, although most Cd was detected in areas surrounding their epidermal cells, while in the leaves the metal accumulated mainly in spongy mesophyll, stomata and trichrome. Based on the Cd bioaccumulation (5.93) and translocation (0.15) factors, this species denoted enrichment of the metal in the roots and its low translocation to the upper tissues. Biothiol analysis showed a Cd-dependent increase of reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as the phytochelatins (PC2 and PC3) in both roots and leaves. Cd-promoted oxidative damage occurred mainly in the leaves due to disturbances in enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, while the roots did not show significant damage as a result of induction of antioxidant defences. It can be concluded that B. auriculata is a new Cd-tolerant plant with an ability to activate efficient metal-sequestering mechanisms in the root surface and leaves and to induce PCs, as well as antioxidative defences in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Peco
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM). Ronda de Calatrava, 7, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Instituto de Geología Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM). Plaza de Manuel Meca, 1, 13400, Almadén, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - J A Campos
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Agrónomos, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM). Ronda de Calatrava, 7, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Instituto de Geología Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM). Plaza de Manuel Meca, 1, 13400, Almadén, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - A Olmedilla
- Department of Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - P Higueras
- Instituto de Geología Aplicada, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM). Plaza de Manuel Meca, 1, 13400, Almadén, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - L M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental Del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
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Chen D, Zhang H, Wang Q, Shao M, Li X, Chen D, Zeng R, Song Y. Intraspecific variations in cadmium tolerance and phytoaccumulation in giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 395:122672. [PMID: 32305716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Duckweeds are widely recognized for the heavy metal phytoremediation. However, the intraspecific variations in biological responses of duckweeds to heavy metal remain largely unknown. Here, the toxicity and phytoaccumulation of cadmium (Cd) were synchronously evaluated in 30 accessions of giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) collected from different provenances in Southern China. Exposure to 1 μM Cd decreased relative growth rates of dry weight, fronds number and fronds area, as well as photosynthetic pigment contents, while it increased H2O2 accumulation, lipid peroxidation and activities of anti-oxidant enzymes in the majority of accessions. Cd treatment led to remarkable Cd accumulation but little changes in the starch content in giant duckweed. The biological responses to Cd varied among the accessions. Further correlation analysis indicated that growth traits and Cd concentration were positively correlated with Cd accumulation, while the contents of chlorophyll, H2O2 and MDA were negatively associated with Cd accumulation. Our results proved the great intraspecific variation in Cd tolerance of giant duckweed, suggesting a valuable natural resource for Cd phytoremediation. Moreover, different mechanisms may be exploited by S. polyrhiza for phytoaccumulation, but growth maintenance, Cd uptake and antioxidative enzyme-independent ROS-scavenging under Cd exposure are the common mechanisms contributing to Cd accumulation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daoqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiongli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Min Shao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rensen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Ramírez F, Escalante M, Vigliocco A, Pérez-Chaca MV, Reginato M, Molina A, Di Rienzo JA, Andrade A, Alemano S. Biochemical and molecular approach of oxidative damage triggered by water stress and rewatering in sunflower seedlings of two inbred lines with different ability to tolerate water stress. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:727-743. [PMID: 32475384 DOI: 10.1071/fp19264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Water stress accelerates the generation of reactive oxygen species, which trigger a cascade of antioxidative defence mechanisms comprising enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative damage and the antioxidative defence systems in seedlings of the water stress-tolerant (B71) and the sensitive (B59) inbred lines of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in response to water stress and rewatering. In addition, we characterised the transcriptomic profile associated with enzymatic antioxidative defence. An elevated electrolyte leakage in B59 indicated increased plasmatic membrane permeability, which correlated with greater sensitivity to water stress. In response to water stress, both lines showed an increase in malondialdehyde and H2O2 content but these increases were more noticeable in the sensitive line. In both lines, an increase in enzymatic activity (e.g. peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase) was not sufficient to overcome the H2O2 accumulation triggered by water stress. Upon water stress, the overall expression level of genes associated with the enzymatic antioxidant system increased in B71 and decreased in B59, which showed downregulated levels of most genes in the shoots. The general profile of phenolic compounds was clearly different between organs and between inbred lines. The B59 line activated nonenzymatic antioxidant responses to counteract the oxidative stress caused by water stress. The tolerance of B71 to water stress could be associated with compensatory antioxidant mechanisms based on the expression of genes encoding enzyme components of the ascorbate-glutathione and redoxin cycles, which contributed to explaining, at least partly, the response of this line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), 5800-Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maximiliano Escalante
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto (UNRC), 5800-Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Vigliocco
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), 5800-Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Verónica Pérez-Chaca
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700-San Luis, Argentina
| | - Mariana Reginato
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), 5800-Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alicia Molina
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 5700-San Luis, Argentina
| | - Julio A Di Rienzo
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, 5000-Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrea Andrade
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), 5800-Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sergio Alemano
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, UNRC, Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (INIAB-CONICET), 5800-Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; and Corresponding author.
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Chaput V, Martin A, Lejay L. Redox metabolism: the hidden player in carbon and nitrogen signaling? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3816-3826. [PMID: 32064525 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
While decades of research have considered redox metabolism as purely defensive, recent results show that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are necessary for growth and development. Close relationships have been found between the regulation of nitrogen metabolism and ROS in response to both carbon and nitrogen availability. Root nitrate uptake and nitrogen metabolism have been shown to be regulated by a signal from the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) in response to carbon signaling. As a major source of NADP(H), the OPPP is critical to maintaining redox balance under stress situations. Furthermore, recent results suggest that at least part of the regulation of the root nitrate transporter by nitrogen signaling is also linked to the redox status of the plant. This leads to the question of whether there is a more general role of redox metabolism in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism by carbon and nitrogen. This review highlights the role of the OPPP in carbon signaling and redox metabolism, and the interaction between redox and nitrogen metabolism. We discuss how redox metabolism could be an important player in the regulation of nitrogen metabolism in response to carbon/nitrogen interaction and the implications for plant adaptation to extreme environments and future crop development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Chaput
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Martin
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Lejay
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
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Aqeel T, Gurumallu SC, Bhaskar A, Hashimi SM, Javaraiah R. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside protects against cadmium-induced oxidative stress-mediated renal toxicity in rats. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126552. [PMID: 32446210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is a well known environmental pollutant and strong toxic heavy metal, that causes oxidative damage to various organs of the body, including the kidney. Cadmium (II) chloride (CdCl2) is a water-soluble crystalline form, which exhibits a higher affinity with chlorides at the target site. The current study examined the protective effects of Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), a principal lignan extracted from flaxseeds against CdCl2-induced renal toxicity in rats. METHODS Twenty four healthy male Wistar rats with four groups of six animals each were used in the study. Group-1- Control was administered with saline. Group-2 -was treated with SDG; Group-3 with CdCl2 alone, and Group-4 were treated with CdCl2 plus SDG. The effect of Cd on kidney was assessed in terms of various parameters like lipid peroxidation, production of Nitric oxide (NO) and Myeloperoxidase (MPO), and kidney function markers like uric acid, urea, and creatinine. The levels of antioxidant molecules like glutathione content and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were also measured, apart from histopathological studies. RESULTS The animals that received CdCl2, exhibited changes in the concentration of Cd in the kidney. The levels of kidney function markers like uric acid, urea, and creatinine were found to be abnormal in serum, and also there was a drastic decrease in the levels of glutathione content and the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The treatment of SDG significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the levels of NO and MPO in the animals treated with CdCl2 plus SDG when compared to the animal group treated with CdCl2 alone. The treatment of SDG before CdCl2 injection exhibited significant changes in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, which was evidenced by the restoration in their activities, when compared to CdCl2 alone treated group (p < 0.05), as observed in the results of histopathology. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present investigation suggested that SDG exhibited anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic and renoprotective properties. Thus, SDG may act as a supramolecular binding component and naturally occurring metal chelating agent for metal cations like Cd2+. Therefore, flaxseed lignan-SDG can be used as a therapeutic agent against nephrotoxicity caused by cadmium. However, detailed future studies are needed to know the underlying mechanism of action of SDG against the Cd and other heavy metals induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Aqeel
- Department of Biochemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570005, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Ashwini Bhaskar
- Department of Biochemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570005, Karnataka, India
| | - Saeed Mujahid Hashimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year and Supporting Studies, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Javaraiah
- Department of Biochemistry, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570005, Karnataka, India; Department of Biotechnology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, 570005, Karnataka, India.
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Bahmani R, Modareszadeh M, Bihamta MR. Genotypic variation for cadmium tolerance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110178. [PMID: 31927193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Given the limitation of crop production in Cd-polluted areas, the identification and selection of plant genotypes tolerant to Cd stress are of great significance. In the present work, we show the existence of genotypic variation for Cd tolerance in common bean. The laboratory screening of 25 bean genotypes indicated a significant positive correlation of the mean productivity (MP) and the geometric mean productivity (GMP) with plant fresh weight both in control and Cd-treated plants. A principal component analysis further confirmed this variation and, together with other analyses, led to the selection of genotypes G-11867, Taylor, Emerson, and D-81083 as tolerant genotypes. A total of six bean genotypes with different degrees of Cd tolerance were selected, and their long-term physiological responses to Cd (0, 45, and 90 mg/kg soil) were evaluated. Increasing Cd concentrations led to higher Cd accumulation both in roots and shoots, and to significant rises in the levels of the oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA), dityrosine (D-T), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-2'-dG). Remarkable reductions in plant hormone levels and chlorophyll contents, as well as in dry and fresh weight, were observed in Cd-treated plants. Among the examined genotypes, Emerson, Taylor, and G-11867 were found to be more tolerant to Cd owing to lower Cd accumulation and lower oxidative stress levels, as well as higher chlorophyll and hormone contents. Our results contribute to the understanding of the physiological and biochemical basis of Cd tolerance in bean plants and may therefore, be useful for breeding programs directed towards obtaining bean varieties showing low Cd accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Bahmani
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - Mahsa Modareszadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, South Korea
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Seifikalhor M, Aliniaeifard S, Bernard F, Seif M, Latifi M, Hassani B, Didaran F, Bosacchi M, Rezadoost H, Li T. γ-Aminobutyric acid confers cadmium tolerance in maize plants by concerted regulation of polyamine metabolism and antioxidant defense systems. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3356. [PMID: 32098998 PMCID: PMC7042251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59592-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) accumulates in plants following exposure to heavy metals. To investigate the role of GABA in cadmium (Cd) tolerance and elucidate the underlying mechanisms, GABA (0, 25 and 50 µM) was applied to Cd-treated maize plants. Vegetative growth parameters were improved in both Cd-treated and control plants due to GABA application. Cd uptake and translocation were considerably inhibited by GABA. Antioxidant enzyme activity was enhanced in plants subjected to Cd. Concurrently GABA caused further increases in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, which led to a significant reduction in hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and malondealdehyde contents under stress conditions. Polyamine biosynthesis-responsive genes, namely ornithine decarboxylase and spermidine synthase, were induced by GABA in plants grown under Cd shock. GABA suppressed polyamine oxidase, a gene related to polyamine catabolism, when plants were exposed to Cd. Consequently, different forms of polyamines were elevated in Cd-exposed plants following GABA application. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) was decreased by Cd-exposed plants, but was completely restored by GABA to the same value in the control. These results suggest a multifaceted contribution of GABA, through regulation of Cd uptake, production of reactive oxygen species and polyamine metabolism, in response to Cd stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Seifikalhor
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Françoise Bernard
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Department of Plant Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Seif
- Photosynthesis laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Latifi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Department of Plant Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Batool Hassani
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Department of Plant Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardad Didaran
- Photosynthesis laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massimo Bosacchi
- KWS Gateway Research Center, LLC, BRDG Park at the Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, USA
| | - Hassan Rezadoost
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
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Terrón-Camero LC, Del Val C, Sandalio LM, Romero-Puertas MC. Low endogenous NO levels in roots and antioxidant systems are determinants for the resistance of Arabidopsis seedlings grown in Cd. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113411. [PMID: 31672356 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), which is a toxic non-essential heavy metal capable of entering plants and thus the food chain, constitutes a major environmental and health concern worldwide. An understanding of the tools used by plants to overcome Cd stress could lead to the production of food crops with lower Cd uptake capacity and of plants with greater Cd uptake potential for phytoremediation purposes in order to restore soil efficiency in self-sustaining ecosystems. The signalling molecule nitric oxide (NO), whose function remains unclear, has recently been involved in responses to Cd stress. Using different mutants, such as nia1nia2, nox1, argh1-1 and Atnoa1, which were altered in NO metabolism, we analysed various parameters related to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) metabolism and seedling fitness following germination and growth under Cd treatment conditions for seven days. Seedling roots were the most affected, with an increase in ROS and RNS observed in wild type (WT) seedling roots, leading to increased oxidative damage and fitness loss. Mutants that showed lower NO levels in seedling roots under Cd stress were more resistant than WT seedlings due to the maintenance of antioxidant systems which protect against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Terrón-Camero
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Coral Del Val
- Department of Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain; Andalusian Data Science and Computational Intelligence (DaSCI) Research Institute, University of Granada, E-18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín-CSIC, Granada, Spain.
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Alternative Pathway is Involved in Nitric Oxide-Enhanced Tolerance to Cadmium Stress in Barley Roots. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8120557. [PMID: 31795459 PMCID: PMC6963264 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alternative pathway (AP) has been widely accepted to be involved in enhancing tolerance to various environmental stresses. In this study, the role of AP in response to cadmium (Cd) stress in two barley varieties, highland barley (Kunlun14) and barley (Ganpi6), was investigated. Results showed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage (EL) level under Cd stress increased in two barley varieties. The expressions of alternative oxidase (AOX) genes (mainly AOX1a), AP capacity (Valt), and AOX protein amount were clearly induced more in Kunlun14 under Cd stress, and these parameters were further enhanced by applying sodium nitroprussid (SNP, a NO donor). Moreover, H2O2 and O2− contents were raised in the Cd-treated roots of two barley varieties, but they were markedly relieved by exogenous SNP. However, this mitigating effect was aggravated by salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM, an AOX inhibitor), suggesting that AP contributes to NO-enhanced Cd stress tolerance. Further study demonstrated that the effect of SHAM application on reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related scavenging enzymes and antioxidants was minimal. These observations showed that AP exerts an indispensable function in NO-enhanced Cd stress tolerance in two barley varieties. AP was mainly responsible for regulating the ROS accumulation to maintain the homeostasis of redox state.
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