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Baldet P, Mori K, Decros G, Beauvoit B, Colombié S, Prigent S, Pétriacq P, Gibon Y. Multi-regulated GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase calls the tune in ascorbate biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2631-2643. [PMID: 38349339 PMCID: PMC11066804 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate is involved in numerous vital processes, in particular in response to abiotic but also biotic stresses whose frequency and amplitude increase with climate change. Ascorbate levels vary greatly depending on species, tissues, or stages of development, but also in response to stress. Since its discovery, the ascorbate biosynthetic pathway has been intensely studied and it appears that GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is the enzyme with the greatest role in the control of ascorbate biosynthesis. Like other enzymes of this pathway, its expression is induced by various environmental and also developmental factors. Although mRNAs encoding it are among the most abundant in the transcriptome, the protein is only present in very small quantities. In fact, GGP translation is repressed by a negative feedback mechanism involving a small open reading frame located upstream of the coding sequence (uORF). Moreover, its activity is inhibited by a PAS/LOV type photoreceptor, the action of which is counteracted by blue light. Consequently, this multi-level regulation of GGP would allow fine control of ascorbate synthesis. Indeed, experiments varying the expression of GGP have shown that it plays a central role in response to stress. This new understanding will be useful for developing varieties adapted to future environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Baldet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Decros
- Max Planck-Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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2
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Mou S, He W, Jiang H, Meng Q, Zhang T, Liu Z, Qiu A, He S. Transcription factor CaHDZ15 promotes pepper basal thermotolerance by activating HEAT SHOCK FACTORA6a. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:812-831. [PMID: 38270532 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
High temperature stress (HTS) is a serious threat to plant growth and development and to crop production in the context of global warming, and plant response to HTS is largely regulated at the transcriptional level by the actions of various transcription factors (TFs). However, whether and how homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) TFs are involved in thermotolerance are unclear. Herein, we functionally characterized a pepper (Capsicum annuum) HD-Zip I TF CaHDZ15. CaHDZ15 expression was upregulated by HTS and abscisic acid in basal thermotolerance via loss- and gain-of-function assays by virus-induced gene silencing in pepper and overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. CaHDZ15 acted positively in pepper basal thermotolerance by directly targeting and activating HEAT SHOCK FACTORA6a (HSFA6a), which further activated CaHSFA2. In addition, CaHDZ15 interacted with HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70-2 (CaHsp70-2) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase1 (CaGAPC1), both of which positively affected pepper thermotolerance. CaHsp70-2 and CaGAPC1 promoted CaHDZ15 binding to the promoter of CaHSFA6a, thus enhancing its transcription. Furthermore, CaHDZ15 and CaGAPC1 were protected from 26S proteasome-mediated degradation by CaHsp70-2 via physical interaction. These results collectively indicate that CaHDZ15, modulated by the interacting partners CaGAPC1 and CaHsp70-2, promotes basal thermotolerance by directly activating the transcript of CaHSFA6a. Thus, a molecular linkage is established among CaHsp70-2, CaGAPC1, and CaHDZ15 to transcriptionally modulate CaHSFA6a in pepper thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoliang Mou
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Weihong He
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Haitao Jiang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Qianqian Meng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- College of Agriculture Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Ailian Qiu
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
| | - Shuilin He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
- College of Agriculture Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, PR China
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3
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Hernández-Soto I, González-García Y, Juárez-Maldonado A, Hernández-Fuentes AD. Impact of Argemone mexicana L. on tomato plants infected with Phytophthora infestans. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16666. [PMID: 38188144 PMCID: PMC10771083 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Fungal diseases can cause significant losses in the tomato crop. Phytophthora infestans causes the late blight disease, which considerably affects tomato production worldwide. Weed-based plant extracts are a promising ecological alternative for disease control. Methods In this study, we analyzed the plant extract of Argemone mexicana L. using chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). We evaluated its impact on the severity of P. infestans, as well as its effect on the components of the antioxidant defense system in tomato plants. Results The extract from A. mexicana contains twelve compounds most have antifungal and biostimulant properties. The findings of the study indicate that applying the A. mexicana extract can reduce the severity of P. infestans, increase tomato fruit yield, enhance the levels of photosynthetic pigments, ascorbic acid, phenols, and flavonoids, as well as decrease the biosynthesis of H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide anion in the leaves of plants infected with this pathogen. These results suggest that using the extract from A. mexicana could be a viable solution to control the disease caused by P. infestans in tomato crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iridiam Hernández-Soto
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Yolanda González-García
- Centro de Investigación Regional Noreste, Campo Experimental Todos Santos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Emiliano Zapata, La Paz, B.C.S, Mexico
| | - Antonio Juárez-Maldonado
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Departamento de Botánica, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Alma Delia Hernández-Fuentes
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Tulancingo de Bravo, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Mishra S, Sharma A, Srivastava AK. Ascorbic acid: a metabolite switch for designing stress-smart crops. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38163756 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2286428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are continually being challenged by a diverse array of abiotic stresses, including: water scarcity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal exposure, and soil salinity. A common theme in these stresses is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which disrupts cellular redox homeostasis causing oxidative damage. Ascorbic acid (AsA), commonly known as vitamin C, is an essential nutrient for humans, and also plays a crucial role in the plant kingdom. AsA is synthesized by plants through the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway that functions as a powerful antioxidant and protects plant cells from ROS generated during photosynthesis. AsA controls several key physiological processes, including: photosynthesis, respiration, and carbohydrate metabolism, either by acting as a co-factor for metabolic enzymes or by regulating cellular redox-status. AsA's multi-functionality uniquely positions it to integrate and recalibrate redox-responsive transcriptional/metabolic circuits and essential biological processes, in accordance to developmental and environmental cues. In recognition of this, we present a systematic overview of current evidence highlighting AsA as a central metabolite-switch in plants. Further, a comprehensive overview of genetic manipulation of genes involved in AsA metabolism has been provided along with the bottlenecks and future research directions, that could serve as a framework for designing "stress-smart" crops in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Mishra
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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5
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Wang Y, Niu Y, Ye L, Shi Y, Luo A. Ozone treatment modulates reactive oxygen species levels in kiwifruit through the antioxidant system: Insights from transcriptomic analysis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 291:154135. [PMID: 37939449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Owing to its easy decomposition and residue-free properties, ozone has been used as an effective and environmentally friendly physical preservation method for maintaining the post-harvest quality of fruits. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ozone treatment on the levels of oxidative stress markers and the status of the antioxidant defense system in refrigerated kiwifruit. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the differences in gene expression levels and potential regulatory effects from the transcriptional level. The results showed that ozone treatment reduced the respiration rate, maintained the fruit hardness and storage quality, and inhibited the ripening and senescence of kiwifruit. Ozone treatment activated antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) and ascorbate-glutathione cycle to prevent the increase of reactive oxygen species levels (H2O2, O2-•) and malonaldehyde content, maintaining lower membrane lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation than the control treatment. Further analysis showed that the regulatory ability of ROS in kiwifruit treated with ozone was not only related to the synergistic effect of enzyme activity and gene expression related to the antioxidant oxidase system and the ascorbate-glutathione (ASA-GSH) cycle but also related to downstream hormone signaling. This study provides a foundation for understanding the potential effects of ozone treatment on the antioxidant cycle of kiwifruit and provides valuable insights into the molecular basis and related key genes involved in regulating ROS to delay aging in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yaoxing Niu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Lixia Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yubing Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Anwei Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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6
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Zhu K, Chen H, Mei X, Lu S, Xie H, Liu J, Chai L, Xu Q, Wurtzel ET, Ye J, Deng X. Transcription factor CsMADS3 coordinately regulates chlorophyll and carotenoid pools in Citrus hesperidium. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:519-536. [PMID: 37224514 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Citrus, 1 of the largest fruit crops with global economic and nutritional importance, contains fruit known as hesperidium with unique morphological types. Citrus fruit ripening is accompanied by chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid biosynthesis, which are indispensably linked to color formation and the external appearance of citrus fruits. However, the transcriptional coordination of these metabolites during citrus fruit ripening remains unknown. Here, we identified the MADS-box transcription factor CsMADS3 in Citrus hesperidium that coordinates chlorophyll and carotenoid pools during fruit ripening. CsMADS3 is a nucleus-localized transcriptional activator, and its expression is induced during fruit development and coloration. Overexpression of CsMADS3 in citrus calli, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and citrus fruits enhanced carotenoid biosynthesis and upregulated carotenogenic genes while accelerating chlorophyll degradation and upregulating chlorophyll degradation genes. Conversely, the interference of CsMADS3 expression in citrus calli and fruits inhibited carotenoid biosynthesis and chlorophyll degradation and downregulated the transcription of related genes. Further assays confirmed that CsMADS3 directly binds and activates the promoters of phytoene synthase 1 (CsPSY1) and chromoplast-specific lycopene β-cyclase (CsLCYb2), 2 key genes in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, and STAY-GREEN (CsSGR), a critical chlorophyll degradation gene, which explained the expression alterations of CsPSY1, CsLCYb2, and CsSGR in the above transgenic lines. These findings reveal the transcriptional coordination of chlorophyll and carotenoid pools in the unique hesperidium of Citrus and may contribute to citrus crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Zhu
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xuehan Mei
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Suwen Lu
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Heping Xie
- The Experimental Station of Loose-skin Mandarins in Yichang, Agricultural Technical Service Center of Yiling District, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Junwei Liu
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lijun Chai
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Eleanore T Wurtzel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, The City University of New York, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10016-16 4309, USA
| | - Junli Ye
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Lab for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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7
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Xu X, Huang B, Fang X, Zhang Q, Qi T, Gong M, Zheng X, Wu M, Jian Y, Deng J, Cheng Y, Li Z, Deng W. SlMYB99-mediated auxin and abscisic acid antagonistically regulate ascorbic acids biosynthesis in tomato. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 37247338 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is a water-soluble antioxidant that plays important roles in plant development and human health. Understanding the regulatory mechanism underlying AsA biosynthesis is imperative to the development of high AsA plants. In this study, we reveal that the auxin response factor SlARF4 transcriptionally inhibits SlMYB99, which subsequently modulates AsA accumulation via transcriptional activation of AsA biosynthesis genes GPP, GLDH, and DHAR. The auxin-dependent transcriptional cascade of SlARF4-SlMYB99-GPP/GLDH/DHAR modulates AsA synthesis, while mitogen-activated protein kinase SlMAPK8 not only phosphorylates SlMYB99, but also activates its transcriptional activity. Both SlMYB99 and SlMYB11 proteins physically interact with each other, thereby synergistically regulating AsA biosynthesis by upregulating the expression of GPP, GLDH, and DHAR genes. Collectively, these results demonstrate that auxin and abscisic acid antagonistically regulate AsA biosynthesis during development and drought tolerance in tomato via the SlMAPK8-SlARF4-SlMYB99/11 module. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism underlying phytohormone regulation of AsA biosynthesis and provide a theoretical basis for the future development of high AsA plants via molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Baowen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Qiongdan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Tiancheng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Min Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xianzhe Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Mengbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yongfei Jian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yulin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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8
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Song J, Sun P, Kong W, Xie Z, Li C, Liu JH. SnRK2.4-mediated phosphorylation of ABF2 regulates ARGININE DECARBOXYLASE expression and putrescine accumulation under drought stress. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:216-236. [PMID: 36210523 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arginine decarboxylase (ADC)-mediated putrescine (Put) biosynthesis plays an important role in plant abiotic stress response. SNF1-related protein kinases 2s (SnRK2s) and abscisic acid (ABA)-response element (ABRE)-binding factors (ABFs), are core components of the ABA signaling pathway involved in drought stress response. We previously reported that ADC of Poncirus trifoliata (PtrADC) functions in drought tolerance. However, whether and how SnRK2 and ABF regulate PtrADC to modulate putrescine accumulation under drought stress remains largely unclear. Herein, we employed a set of physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches to reveal that a protein complex composed of PtrSnRK2.4 and PtrABF2 modulates putrescine biosynthesis and drought tolerance by directly regulating PtrADC. PtrABF2 was upregulated by dehydration in an ABA-dependent manner. PtrABF2 activated PtrADC expression by directly and specifically binding to the ABRE core sequence within its promoter and positively regulated drought tolerance via modulating putrescine accumulation. PtrSnRK2.4 interacts with and phosphorylates PtrABF2 at Ser93. PtrSnRK2.4-mediated PtrABF2 phosphorylation is essential for the transcriptional regulation of PtrADC. Besides, PtrSnRK2.4 was shown to play a positive role in drought tolerance by facilitating putrescine synthesis. Taken together, this study sheds new light on the regulatory module SnRK2.4-ABF2-ADC responsible for fine-tuning putrescine accumulation under drought stress, which advances our understanding on transcriptional regulation of putrescine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Peipei Sun
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Weina Kong
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zongzhou Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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9
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Castro JC, Castro CG, Cobos M. Genetic and biochemical strategies for regulation of L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis in plants through the L-galactose pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1099829. [PMID: 37021310 PMCID: PMC10069634 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1099829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid, AsA) is an essential compound with pleiotropic functions in many organisms. Since its isolation in the last century, AsA has attracted the attention of the scientific community, allowing the discovery of the L-galactose pathway, which is the main pathway for AsA biosynthesis in plants. Thus, the aim of this review is to analyze the genetic and biochemical strategies employed by plant cells for regulating AsA biosynthesis through the L-galactose pathway. In this pathway, participates eight enzymes encoded by the genes PMI, PMM, GMP, GME, GGP, GPP, GDH, and GLDH. All these genes and their encoded enzymes have been well characterized, demonstrating their participation in AsA biosynthesis. Also, have described some genetic and biochemical strategies that allow its regulation. The genetic strategy includes regulation at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In the first one, it was demonstrated that the expression levels of the genes correlate directly with AsA content in the tissues/organs of the plants. Also, it was proved that these genes are light-induced because they have light-responsive promoter motifs (e.g., ATC, I-box, GT1 motif, etc.). In addition, were identified some transcription factors that function as activators (e.g., SlICE1, AtERF98, SlHZ24, etc.) or inactivators (e.g., SlL1L4, ABI4, SlNYYA10) regulate the transcription of these genes. In the second one, it was proved that some genes have alternative splicing events and could be a mechanism to control AsA biosynthesis. Also, it was demonstrated that a conserved cis-acting upstream open reading frame (5'-uORF) located in the 5'-untranslated region of the GGP gene induces its post-transcriptional repression. Among the biochemical strategies discovered is the control of the enzyme levels (usually by decreasing their quantities), control of the enzyme catalytic activity (by increasing or decreasing its activity), feedback inhibition of some enzymes (GME and GGP), subcellular compartmentation of AsA, the metabolon assembly of the enzymes, and control of AsA biosynthesis by electron flow. Together, the construction of this basic knowledge has been establishing the foundations for generating genetically improved varieties of fruits and vegetables enriched with AsA, commonly used in animal and human feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Castro
- Unidad Especializada del Laboratorio de Investigación en Biotecnología (UELIB), Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la UNAP (CIRNA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Biomédicas y Biotecnología (DACBB), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
| | - Carlos G. Castro
- Unidad Especializada del Laboratorio de Investigación en Biotecnología (UELIB), Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la UNAP (CIRNA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
| | - Marianela Cobos
- Unidad Especializada del Laboratorio de Investigación en Biotecnología (UELIB), Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales de la UNAP (CIRNA), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Biomédicas y Biotecnología (DACBB), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas (FCB), Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (UNAP), Iquitos, Peru
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Yan H, Chen H, Zhao J, Yao T, Ding X. Postharvest H2O2 treatment affects flavor quality, texture quality and ROS metabolism of ‘Hongshi’ kiwifruit fruit kept at ambient conditions. Food Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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11
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Liu Q, Li X, Jin S, Dong W, Zhang Y, Chen W, Shi L, Cao S, Yang Z. γ-Aminobutyric acid treatment induced chilling tolerance in postharvest kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang) via regulating ascorbic acid metabolism. Food Chem 2023; 404:134661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Targeting ripening regulators to develop fruit with high quality and extended shelf life. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 79:102872. [PMID: 36621222 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Fruit quality directly impacts fruit marketability and consumer acceptance. Breeders have focused on fruit quality traits to extend shelf life, primarily through fruit texture, but, in some cases, have neglected other qualities such as flavor and nutrition. In recent years, integrative biotechnology and consumer-minded approaches have surfaced, aiding in the development of flavorful, long-lasting fruit. Here, we discussed how specific transcription factors and hormones involved in fruit ripening can be targeted to generate high-quality fruit through traditional breeding and bioengineering. We highlight regulators that can be used to generate novel-colored fruit or biofortify fresh produce with health-promoting nutrients, such as vitamin C. Overall, we argue that addressing grower and industry needs must be balanced with consumer-based traits.
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The Functions of Chloroplastic Ascorbate in Vascular Plants and Algae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032537. [PMID: 36768860 PMCID: PMC9916717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate (Asc) is a multifunctional metabolite essential for various cellular processes in plants and animals. The best-known property of Asc is to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), in a highly regulated manner. Besides being an effective antioxidant, Asc also acts as a chaperone for 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that are involved in the hormone metabolism of plants and the synthesis of various secondary metabolites. Asc also essential for the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, signaling and iron transport. Thus, Asc affects plant growth, development, and stress resistance via various mechanisms. In this review, the intricate relationship between Asc and photosynthesis in plants and algae is summarized in the following major points: (i) regulation of Asc biosynthesis by light, (ii) interaction between photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport in relation to Asc biosynthesis, (iii) Asc acting as an alternative electron donor of photosystem II, (iv) Asc inactivating the oxygen-evolving complex, (v) the role of Asc in non-photochemical quenching, and (vi) the role of Asc in ROS management in the chloroplast. The review also discusses differences in the regulation of Asc biosynthesis and the effects of Asc on photosynthesis in algae and vascular plants.
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Terzaghi M, De Tullio MC. The perils of planning strategies to increase vitamin C content in plants: Beyond the hype. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1096549. [PMID: 36600921 PMCID: PMC9806220 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1096549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ever since the identification of vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AsA) as an essential molecule that humans cannot synthesize on their own, finding adequate dietary sources of AsA became a priority in nutrition research. Plants are the main producers of AsA for humans and other non-synthesizing animals. It was immediately clear that some plant species have more AsA than others. Further studies evidenced that AsA content varies in different plant organs, in different developmental stages/environmental conditions and even within different cell compartments. With the progressive discovery of the genes of the main (Smirnoff-Wheeler) and alternative pathways coding for the enzymes involved in AsA biosynthesis in plants, the simple overexpression of those genes appeared a suitable strategy for boosting AsA content in any plant species or organ. Unfortunately, overexpression experiments mostly resulted in limited, if any, AsA increase, apparently due to a tight regulation of the biosynthetic machinery. Attempts to identify regulatory steps in the pathways that could be manipulated to obtain unlimited AsA production were also less successful than expected, confirming the difficulties in "unleashing" AsA synthesis. A different approach to increase AsA content has been the overexpression of genes coding for enzymes catalyzing the recycling of the oxidized forms of vitamin C, namely monodehydroascorbate and dehydroascorbate reductases. Such approach proved mostly effective in making the overexpressors apparently more resistant to some forms of environmental stress, but once more did not solve the issue of producing massive AsA amounts for human diet. However, it should also be considered that a hypothetical unlimited increase in AsA content is likely to interfere with plant development, which is in many ways regulated by AsA availability itself. The present review article aims at summarizing the many attempts made so far to improve AsA production/content in plants, evidencing the most promising ones, and at providing information about the possible unexpected consequences of a pure biotechnological approach not keeping into account the peculiar features of the AsA system in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Terzaghi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Mario C. De Tullio
- Department of Earth and Geoenvironmental Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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Zhou C, Dong W, Jin S, Liu Q, Shi L, Cao S, Li S, Chen W, Yang Z. γ-Aminobutyric acid treatment induced chilling tolerance in postharvest peach fruit by upregulating ascorbic acid and glutathione contents at the molecular level. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1059979. [PMID: 36570953 PMCID: PMC9768863 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1059979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peach fruit was treated with 5 mM γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to further investigate the mechanism by which GABA induced chilling tolerance. Here, we found that GABA not only inhibited the occurrence of chilling injury in peach fruit during cold storage but also maintained fruit quality. Most of the ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) biosynthetic genes were up-regulated by GABA treatment, and their levels were increased accordingly, thus reducing chilling damage in treated peaches. Meanwhile, the increased transcript of genes in the AsA-GSH cycle by GABA treatment was also related to the induced tolerance against chilling. GABA treatment also increased the expression levels of several candidate ERF transcription factors involved in AsA and GSH biosynthesis. In conclusion, our study found that GABA reduced chilling injury in peach fruit during cold storage due to the higher AsA and GSH contents by positively regulating their modifying genes and candidate transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chujiang Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wanqi Dong
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuwan Jin
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qingli Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liyu Shi
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shifeng Cao
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Saisai Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenfeng Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, China
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profile of the HD-Zip Transcription Factor Family Associated with Seed Germination and Abiotic Stress Response in Miscanthus sinensis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13122256. [PMID: 36553523 PMCID: PMC9777646 DOI: 10.3390/genes13122256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Miscanthus sinensis is an ornamental grass, non-food bioenergy crop, and forage with high feeding value. It can adapt to many kinds of soil conditions due to its high level of resistance to various abiotic stresses. However, a low level of seed germination restricts the utilization and application of M. sinensis. It is reported that the Homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) gene family participates in plant growth and development and ability to cope with outside environment stresses, which may potentially regulate seed germination and stress resistance in M. sinensis. In this study, a complete overview of M. sinensis HD-Zip genes was conducted, including gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosomal distribution, and gene duplication patterns. A total of 169 members were identified, and the HD-Zip proteins were divided into four subgroups. Inter-chromosomal evolutionary analysis revealed that four pairs of tandem duplicate genes and 72 segmental duplications were detected, suggesting the possible role of gene replication events in the amplification of the M. sinensis HD-Zip gene family. There was an uneven distribution of HD-Zip genes on 19 chromosomes of M. sinensis. Also, evolutionary analysis showed that M. sinensis HD-Zip gene family members had more collinearity with monocotyledons and less with dicotyledons. The gene structure analysis showed that there were 93.5% of proteins with motif 1 and motif 4, while motif 10 was only found in group IV. Based on the cis-elements analysis, it appeared that most of the genes were related to plant growth and development, various hormones, and abiotic stress. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis showed that Misin06G303300.1 was significantly expressed in seed germination and Misin05G030000.1 and Misin06G303300.1 were highly expressed under chromium, salt, and drought stress. Results in this study will provide a basis for further exploring the potential role of HD-Zip genes in stress responses and genetic improvement of M. sinensis seed germination.
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Guo H, Bi X, Wang Z, Jiang D, Cai M, An M, Xia Z, Wu Y. Reactive oxygen species-related genes participate in resistance to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus infection regulated by boron in Nicotiana benthamiana and watermelon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1027404. [PMID: 36438146 PMCID: PMC9691971 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1027404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) infection causes acidification and rot of watermelon flesh, resulting in serious economic losses. It is widely reported the interaction relationship between boron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in regulating normal growth and disease resistance in plants. Our previous results demonstrated that exogenous boron could improve watermelon resistance to CGMMV infection. However, the roles of ROS-related genes regulated by boron in resistance to CGMMV infection are unclear. Here, we demonstrated that CGMMV symptoms were alleviated, and viral accumulations were decreased by boron application in Nicotiana benthamiana, indicating that boron contributed to inhibiting CGMMV infection. Meanwhile, we found that a number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with inositol biosynthesis, ethylene synthesis, Ca2+ signaling transduction and ROS scavenging system were up-regulated, while many DEGs involved in ABA catabolism, GA signal transduction and ascorbic acid metabolism were down-regulated by boron application under CGMMV infection. Additionally, we individually silenced nine ROS-related genes to explore their anti-CGMMV roles using a tobacco rattle virus (TRV) vector. The results showed that NbCat1, NbGME1, NbGGP and NbPrx Q were required for CGMMV infection, while NbGST and NbIPS played roles in resistance to CGMMV infection. The similar results were obtained in watermelon by silencing of ClCat, ClPrx or ClGST expression using a pV190 vector. This study proposed a new strategy for improving plant resistance to CGMMV infection by boron-regulated ROS pathway and provided several target genes for watermelon disease resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Guo
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyue Bi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Jiang
- Green Agricultural Technology Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Green Agricultural Technology Center of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengnan An
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zihao Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhua Wu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Xu X, Zhang Q, Gao X, Wu G, Wu M, Yuan Y, Zheng X, Gong Z, Hu X, Gong M, Qi T, Li H, Luo Z, Li Z, Deng W. Auxin and abscisic acid antagonistically regulate ascorbic acid production via the SlMAPK8-SlARF4-SlMYB11 module in tomato. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:4409-4427. [PMID: 36000899 PMCID: PMC9614483 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is a multifunctional phytonutrient that is essential for the human diet as well as plant development. While much is known about AsA biosynthesis in plants, how this process is regulated in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits remains unclear. Here, we found that auxin treatment inhibited AsA accumulation in the leaves and pericarps of tomato. The auxin response factor gene SlARF4 is induced by auxin to mediate auxin-induced inhibition of AsA accumulation. Specifically, SlARF4 transcriptionally inhibits the transcription factor gene SlMYB11, thereby modulating AsA accumulation by regulating the transcription of the AsA biosynthesis genes l-galactose-1-phosphate phosphatase, l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase, and dehydroascorbate. By contrast, abscisic acid (ABA) treatment increased AsA accumulation in tomato under drought stress. ABA induced the expression of the mitogen-activated protein kinase gene SlMAPK8. We demonstrate that SlMAPK8 phosphorylates SlARF4 and inhibits its transcriptional activity, whereas SlMAPK8 phosphorylates SlMYB11 and activates its transcriptional activity. SlMAPK8 functions in ABA-induced AsA accumulation and drought stress tolerance. Moreover, ABA antagonizes the effects of auxin on AsA biosynthesis. Therefore, auxin- and ABA-induced regulation of AsA accumulation is mediated by the SlMAPK8-SlARF4-SlMYB11 module in tomato during fruit development and drought stress responses, shedding light on the roles of phytohormones in regulating AsA accumulation to mediate stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiongdan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xueli Gao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Guanle Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Mengbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yujin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xianzhe Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zehao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Min Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Tiancheng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Honghai Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zisheng Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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Li F, Fu M, Zhou S, Xie Q, Chen G, Chen X, Hu Z. A tomato HD-zip I transcription factor, VAHOX1, acts as a negative regulator of fruit ripening. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac236. [PMID: 36643762 PMCID: PMC9832867 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors are only present in higher plants and are involved in plant development and stress responses. However, our understanding of their participation in the fruit ripening of economical plants, such as tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), remains largely unclear. Here, we report that VAHOX1, a member of the tomato HD-Zip I subfamily, was expressed in all tissues, was highly expressed in breaker+4 fruits, and could be induced by ethylene. RNAi repression of VAHOX1 (VAHOX1-RNAi) resulted in accelerated fruit ripening, enhanced sensitivity to ethylene, and increased total carotenoid content and ethylene production. Conversely, VAHOX1 overexpression (VAHOX1-OE) in tomato had the opposite effect. RNA-Seq results showed that altering VAHOX1 expression affected the transcript accumulation of a series of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis and signal transduction and cell wall modification. Additionally, a dual-luciferase reporter assay, histochemical analysis of GUS activity and a yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assay revealed that VAHOX1 could activate the expression of AP2a. Our findings may expand our knowledge about the physiological functions of HD-Zip transcription factors in tomato and highlight the diversities of transcriptional regulation during the fruit ripening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengjie Fu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengen Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoli Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuqing Chen
- Co-corresponding author: Zongli Hu: Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400030, China, E-mail: ; Xuqing Chen: Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 11 Shuguanghuayuan Middle Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100097, China, E-mail:
| | - Zongli Hu
- Co-corresponding author: Zongli Hu: Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, 400030, China, E-mail: ; Xuqing Chen: Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, 11 Shuguanghuayuan Middle Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100097, China, E-mail:
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FaAKR23 Modulates Ascorbic Acid and Anthocyanin Accumulation in Strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa) Fruits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091828. [PMID: 36139903 PMCID: PMC9495909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruits are rich in ascorbic acid (AsA) and anthocyanin, which are essential antioxidants for human health. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism of these antioxidant accumulation, especially AsA accumulation in strawberry fruits, remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified FaAKR23 was a regulator of AsA and anthocyanin accumulation. We transiently expressed FaAKR23 in strawberry fruits and conducted metabolic and molecular analyses to explore the role of FaAKR23 in AsA and anthocyanin accumulation. Transient silencing of FaAKR23 (FaAKR23-RNAi) in strawberry fruits significantly decreased the AsA and anthocyanin contents compared with control (empty vector-RNAi, EV-RNAi). Correspondingly, expression of some structural genes and regulatory factors involved in these two antioxidants’ accumulation was dramatically repressed. In addition, transcriptome analysis of EV-RNAi and FaAKR23-RNAi fruits suggested that FaAKR23 was also involved in starch and sucrose metabolism as well as plant–pathogen interaction. Overall, these results not only provide the coordinated regulatory function of FaAKR23 on AsA and anthocyanin accumulation but also offer a promising candidate gene for strawberry breeding with high antioxidants.
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Lu D, Wu Y, Pan Q, Zhang Y, Qi Y, Bao W. Identification of key genes controlling L-ascorbic acid during Jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit development by integrating transcriptome and metabolome analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:950103. [PMID: 35991405 PMCID: PMC9386341 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.950103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) is a vital economic tree native to China. Jujube fruit with abundant L-Ascorbic Acid (AsA) is an ideal material for studying the mechanism of AsA biosynthesis and metabolism. However, the key transcription factors regulating AsA anabolism in jujube have not been reported. Here, we used jujube variety "Mazao" as the experimental material, conducted an integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome to investigate changes in differential genes and metabolites, and find the key genes regulating AsA during jujube fruit growth. The results showed that AsA was mostly synthesized in the young stage and enlargement stage, ZjMDHAR gene takes an important part in the AsA recycling. Three gene networks/modules were highly correlated with AsA, among them, three genes were identified as candidates controlling AsA, including ZjERF17 (LOC107404975), ZjbZIP9 (LOC107406320), and ZjGBF4 (LOC107421670). These results provide new directions and insights for further study on the regulation mechanism of AsA in jujube.
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Maruta T. How does light facilitate vitamin C biosynthesis in leaves? Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:1173-1182. [PMID: 35746883 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Plants store ascorbate in high concentrations, particularly in their leaves. Ascorbate is an excellent antioxidant that acts as an indispensable photoprotectant. The D-mannose/L-galactose pathway is responsible for ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. Light facilitates ascorbate biosynthesis in a light intensity-dependent manner to enhance ascorbate pool size in leaves, and photosynthesis is required for this process. Light- and photosynthesis-dependent activation of the rate-limiting enzyme GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) plays a critical role in ascorbate pool size regulation. In addition, the tight regulation of ascorbate biosynthesis by ascorbate itself has been proposed. Ascorbate represses GGP translation in a dose-dependent manner through the upstream open reading frame in the 5'-untranslated regions of the gene, which may compete with the light-dependent activation of ascorbate biosynthesis. This review focuses on ascorbate biosynthesis based on past and latest findings and critically discusses how light activates this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Maruta
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
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Zheng X, Gong M, Zhang Q, Tan H, Li L, Tang Y, Li Z, Peng M, Deng W. Metabolism and Regulation of Ascorbic Acid in Fruits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11121602. [PMID: 35736753 PMCID: PMC9228137 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is a vital antioxidant widely found in plants. Plant fruits are rich in ascorbic acid and are the primary source of human intake of ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid affects fruit ripening and stress resistance and plays an essential regulatory role in fruit development and postharvest storage. The ascorbic acid metabolic pathway in plants has been extensively studied. Ascorbic acid accumulation in fruits can be effectively regulated by genetic engineering technology. The accumulation of ascorbic acid in fruits is regulated by transcription factors, protein interactions, phytohormones, and environmental factors, but the research on the regulatory mechanism is still relatively weak. This paper systematically reviews the regulation mechanism of ascorbic acid metabolism in fruits in recent decades. It provides a rich theoretical basis for an in-depth study of the critical role of ascorbic acid in fruits and the cultivation of fruits rich in ascorbic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Min Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Qiongdan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Huaqiang Tan
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Liping Li
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Youwan Tang
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Mingchao Peng
- Institute of Horticulture, Chengdu Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.T.); (L.L.); (Y.T.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (W.D.); Tel.: +86-19981296016 (M.P.); +86-18623127580 (W.D.)
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; (X.Z.); (M.G.); (Q.Z.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (W.D.); Tel.: +86-19981296016 (M.P.); +86-18623127580 (W.D.)
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Liu X, Wu R, Bulley SM, Zhong C, Li D. Kiwifruit MYBS1-like and GBF3 transcription factors influence l-ascorbic acid biosynthesis by activating transcription of GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase 3. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1782-1800. [PMID: 35288947 PMCID: PMC9325054 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived Vitamin C (l-ascorbic acid (AsA)) is crucial for human health and wellbeing and thus increasing AsA content is of interest to plant breeders. In plants GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is a key biosynthetic control step and here evidence is presented for two new transcriptional activators of GGP. AsA measurement, transcriptomics, transient expression, hormone application, gene editing, yeast 1/2-hybrid, and electromobility shift assay (EMSA) methods were used to identify two positively regulating transcription factors. AceGGP3 was identified as the most highly expressed GGP in Actinidia eriantha fruit, which has high fruit AsA. A gene encoding a 1R-subtype myeloblastosis (MYB) protein, AceMYBS1, was found to bind the AceGGP3 promoter and activate its expression. Overexpression and gene-editing show AceMYBS1 effectively increases AsA accumulation. The bZIP transcription factor AceGBF3 (a G-box binding factor), also was shown to increase AsA content, and was confirmed to interact with AceMYBS1. Co-expression experiments showed that AceMYBS1 and AceGBF3 additively promoted AceGGP3 expression. Furthermore, AceMYBS1, but not GBF3, was repressed by abscisic acid, resulting in reduced AceGGP3 expression and accumulation of AsA. This study sheds new light on the roles of MYBS1 homologues and ABA in modulating AsA synthesis, and adds to the understanding of mechanisms underlying AsA accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesJiufeng 1 RoadWuhan430074HubeiChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
| | - Rongmei Wu
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited120 Mt Albert Road, Mt AlbertAuckland1025New Zealand
| | - Sean M. Bulley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited412 No 1 Rd, RD2Te Puke3182New Zealand
| | - Caihong Zhong
- Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesJiufeng 1 RoadWuhan430074HubeiChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
| | - Dawei Li
- Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesJiufeng 1 RoadWuhan430074HubeiChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences19A Yuquan RoadBeijing100049China
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Zheng X, Yuan Y, Huang B, Hu X, Tang Y, Xu X, Wu M, Gong Z, Luo Y, Gong M, Gao X, Wu G, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Chan H, Zhu B, Li Z, Ferguson L, Deng W. Control of fruit softening and Ascorbic acid accumulation by manipulation of SlIMP3 in tomato. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:1213-1225. [PMID: 35258157 PMCID: PMC9129080 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest deterioration is among the major challenges for the fruit industry. Regulation of the fruit softening rate is an effective strategy for extending shelf-life and reducing the economic losses due postharvest deterioration. The tomato myoinositol monophosphatase 3 gene SlIMP3, which showed highest expression level in fruit, was expressed and purified. SlIMP3 demonstrated high affinity with the L-Gal 1-P and D-Ins 3-P, and acted as a bifunctional enzyme in the biosynthesis of AsA and myoinositol. Overexpression of SlIMP3 not only improved AsA and myoinositol content, but also increased cell wall thickness, improved fruit firmness, delayed fruit softening, decreased water loss, and extended shelf-life. Overexpression of SlIMP3 also increased uronic acid, rhamnose, xylose, mannose, and galactose content in cell wall of fruit. Treating fruit with myoinositol obtained similar fruit phenotypes of SlIMP3-overexpressed fruit, with increased cell wall thickness and delayed fruit softening. Meanwhile, overexpression of SlIMP3 conferred tomato fruit tolerance to Botrytis cinerea. The function of SlIMP3 in cell wall biogenesis and fruit softening were also verified using another tomato species, Ailsa Craig (AC). Overexpression of SlDHAR in fruit increased AsA content, but did not affect the cell wall thickness or fruit firmness and softening. The results support a critical role for SlIMP3 in AsA biosynthesis and cell wall biogenesis, and provide a new method of delaying tomato fruit softening, and insight into the link between AsA and cell wall metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhe Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yujin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Baowen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yuwei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Mengbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zehao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yingqing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Min Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xueli Gao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Guanle Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Qiongdan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape ArchitectureOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA
| | - Helen Chan
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California Davis, One Shields AvenueDavisCAUSA
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- Laboratory of Fruit BiologyCollege of Food Science & Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Louise Ferguson
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of California Davis, One Shields AvenueDavisCAUSA
| | - Wei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
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26
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He Y, Li M, Wang Y, Shen S. The R2R3-MYB transcription factor MYB44 modulates carotenoid biosynthesis in Ulva prolifera. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Li X, Hou Y, Zhang F, Li M, Yi F, Kang J, Yang Q, Long R. Identification and characterization of stress responsive homeodomain leucine zipper transcription factors in Medicago truncatula. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3569-3581. [PMID: 35118569 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-ZIP) transcription factors play roles in regulating plant development and responses to abiotic stresses; however, how HD-ZIP genes in Medicago truncatula are involved in abiotic stress response remains elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS The HD-ZIP I genes in Medicago truncatula were identified and characterized, and their expression patterns in different tissues and under different abiotic stresses were analyzed. A total of 15 Medicago truncatula HD-ZIP I genes were identified and a phylogenetic analysis of HD-ZIP I proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula was conducted. Fifteen HD-ZIP I genes showed diverse tissue preferences. Among them, expressions of MtHB22 and MtHB51 were specially detected in vegetative buds. In addition, they responded to various abiotic stresses, including salinity and osmotic stress and abscisic acid (ABA). For instance, MtHB7 and MtHB12 expression levels were found to be positively associated with salt, osmotic stress and ABA in both shoots and roots, while MtHB13 and MtHB23 were negatively associated with these stresses in Medicago truncatula. CONCLUSION The HD-ZIP I genes in Medicago truncatula are evolutionarily conserved, but also exhibit gene duplication and gene loss events. Differential expression analysis of Medicago truncatula HD-ZIP I genes indicated their crucial roles in abiotic stress responses. Our genome-wide analysis of the HD-ZIP I transcription factor family in Medicago truncatula provided a valuable reference for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyao Hou
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengyan Yi
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, 010031, People's Republic of China
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Spies FP, Raineri J, Miguel VN, Cho Y, Hong JC, Chan RL. The Arabidopsis transcription factors AtPHL1 and AtHB23 act together promoting carbohydrate transport from pedicel-silique nodes to seeds. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 315:111133. [PMID: 35067303 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are produced in green tissues through photosynthesis and then transported to sink tissues. Carbon partitioning is a strategic process, fine regulated, involving specific sucrose transporters in each connecting tissue. Here we report that a screening of an Arabidopsis transcription factor (TF) library using the homeodomain-leucine zipper I member AtHB23 as bait, allowed identifying the TF AtPHL1 interacting with the former. An independent Y2H assay, and in planta by BiFC, confirmed such interaction. AtHB23 and AtPHL1 coexpressed in the pedicel-silique nodes and the funiculus. Mutant plants (phl1, and amiR23) showed a marked reduction of lipid content in seeds, although lipid composition did not change compared to the wild type. While protein and carbohydrate contents were not significantly different between mutants and control mature seeds, we observed a reduced carbohydrate content in mutant plants young siliques (7 days after pollination). Moreover, using a CFDA probe, we revealed an impaired transport to the seeds, and the gene encoding the carbohydrate transporters SWEET10 and SWEET11, usually expressed in connecting tissues, was repressed in the amiR23 and phl1 mutant plants. Altogether, the results indicated that AtHB23 and AtPHL1 act together, promoting sucrose transport, and the lack of any of them provoked a reduction in seeds lipid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorella Paola Spies
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Jesica Raineri
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Virginia Natalí Miguel
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| | - Yuhan Cho
- Division of Life Science, Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Chan Hong
- Division of Life Science, Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, 52828, Republic of Korea; Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA.
| | - Raquel L Chan
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, CONICET, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Colectora Ruta Nacional 168 km 0, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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29
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Zhu F, Wen W, Cheng Y, Fernie AR. The metabolic changes that effect fruit quality during tomato fruit ripening. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2022; 2:2. [PMID: 37789428 PMCID: PMC10515270 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-022-00024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
As the most valuable organ of tomato plants, fruit has attracted considerable attention which most focus on its quality formation during the ripening process. A considerable amount of research has reported that fruit quality is affected by metabolic shifts which are under the coordinated regulation of both structural genes and transcriptional regulators. In recent years, with the development of the next generation sequencing, molecular and genetic analysis methods, lots of genes which are involved in the chlorophyll, carotenoid, cell wall, central and secondary metabolism have been identified and confirmed to regulate pigment contents, fruit softening and other aspects of fruit flavor quality. Here, both research concerning the dissection of fruit quality related metabolic changes, the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of these metabolic pathways are reviewed. Furthermore, a weighted gene correlation network analysis of representative genes of fruit quality has been carried out and the potential of the combined application of the gene correlation network analysis, fine-mapping strategies and next generation sequencing to identify novel candidate genes determinants of fruit quality is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, Germany
| | - Weiwei Wen
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yunjiang Cheng
- National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Golm, Germany.
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Ma S, Li H, Wang L, Li B, Wang Z, Ma B, Ma F, Li M. F-box protein MdAMR1L1 regulates ascorbate biosynthesis in apple by modulating GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:653-669. [PMID: 35051284 PMCID: PMC8774718 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate (Asc) is an important antioxidant in plants and humans that plays key roles in various physiological processes. Understanding the regulation of Asc content in fruit plants is important for improving plant resiliency and optimizing Asc in food. Here, we found that both the transcript level and protein abundance of Asc Mannose pathway Regulator 1 Like 1 (MdAMR1L1) was negatively associated with Asc levels during the development of apple (Malus × domestica) fruit. The overexpression or silencing of MdAMR1L1 in apple indicated that MdAMR1L1 negatively regulated Asc levels. However, in the leaves of MdAMR1L1-overexpressing apple lines, the transcript levels of the Asc synthesis gene Guanosine diphosphate-mannose pyrophosphorylase MdGMP1 were increased, while its protein levels and enzyme activity were reduced. This occurred because the MdAMR1L1 protein interacted with MdGMP1 and promoted its degradation via the ubiquitination pathway to inhibit Asc synthesis at the post-translational level. MdERF98, an apple ethylene response factor, whose transcription was modulated by Asc level, is directly bound to the promoter of MdGMP1 to promote the transcription of MdGMP1. These findings provide insights into the regulatory mechanism of Asc biosynthesis in apples and revealed potential opportunities to improve fruit Asc levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songya Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huixia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Baiyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhengyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Baiquan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Author for communication:
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Fan S, Li X, Lin S, Li Y, Ma H, Zhang Z, Qin Z. Screening and Identification of Transcription Factors Potentially Regulating Foxl2 Expression in Chlamys farreri Ovary. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11010113. [PMID: 35053111 PMCID: PMC8772818 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Foxl2 is an evolutionarily conserved female sex gene, which is specifically expressed in the ovary and mainly involved in oogenesis and ovarian function maintenance. However, little is known about the mechanism that regulates Foxl2 specific expression during the ovary development. In the present study, we constructed the gonadal yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) library of Chlamysfarreri with ovaries and testes at different developmental stages using the Gateway technology. The library capacity was more than 1.36 × 107 CFU, and the length of the inserted fragment was 0.75 Kb~2 Kb, which fully met the demand of yeast library screening. The highly transcriptional activity promoter sequence of C. farreri Foxl2 (Cf-Foxl2) was determined at -1000~-616 bp by dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) assay and was used as bait to screen possible transcription factors from the Y1H library. Eleven candidate factors, including five unannotated factors, were selected based on Y1H as well as their expressional differences between ovaries and testes and were verified for the first time to be involved in the transcriptional regulation of Cf-Foxl2 by RT-qPCR and DLR. Our findings provided valuable data for further studying the specific regulation mechanism of Foxl2 in the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.F.); (X.L.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Xixi Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.F.); (X.L.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Siyu Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.F.); (X.L.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Yunpeng Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.F.); (X.L.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (H.M.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Marine Germplasm Resources and Breeding Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Huixin Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.F.); (X.L.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (H.M.)
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.F.); (X.L.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (H.M.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Marine Germplasm Resources and Breeding Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhenkui Qin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (S.F.); (X.L.); (S.L.); (Y.L.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (Z.Q.)
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Chen Y, Shu P, Wang R, Du X, Xie Y, Du K, Deng H, Li M, Zhang Y, Grierson D, Liu M. Ethylene response factor AcERF91 affects ascorbate metabolism via regulation of GDP-galactose phosphorylase encoding gene (AcGGP3) in kiwifruit. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 313:111063. [PMID: 34763857 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Kiwifruit is known as 'the king of vitamin C' because of the high content of ascorbic acid (AsA) in the fruit. Deciphering the regulatory network and identification of the key regulators mediating AsA biosynthesis is vital for fruit nutrition and quality improvement. To date, however, the key transcription factors regulating AsA metabolism during kiwifruit developmental and ripening processes remains largely unknown. Here, we generated a putative transcriptional regulatory network mediating ascorbate metabolism by transcriptome co-expression analysis. Further studies identified an ethylene response factor AcERF91 from this regulatory network, which is highly co-expressed with a GDP-galactose phosphorylase encoding gene (AcGGP3) during fruit developmental and ripening processes. Through dual-luciferase reporter and yeast one-hybrid assays, it was shown that AcERF91 is able to bind and directly activate the activity of the AcGGP3 promoter. Furthermore, transient expression of AcERF91 in kiwifruit fruits resulted in a significant increase in AsA content and AcGGP3 transcript level, indicating a positive role of AcERF91 in controlling AsA accumulation via regulation of the expression of AcGGP3. Overall, our results provide a new insight into the regulation of AsA metabolism in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruochen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaofei Du
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Xie
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Kui Du
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Heng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Don Grierson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - Mingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China.
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Miao R, Zang W, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Zhang A, Pang Q. The halophyte gene ScVTC2 confers resistance to oxidative stress via AsA-mediated photosynthetic enhancement. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 169:138-148. [PMID: 34794110 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Various abiotic stresses commonly cause excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and result in oxidative stress, which challenges the physiological homeostasis of plants. Maintaining a delicate balance between ROS generation and removal is critical for plants to cope with stressful environments. Suaeda corniculata is a typical euhalophyte with strong tolerance to salt stress, but its mechanism of ROS detoxification to prevent oxidative stress is unknown. Here, a combined analysis of RNA-Seq and photosynthetic assays was performed on S. corniculata under oxidative stress to uncover the underlying mechanism that modulates oxidative tolerance. Our results showed that all genes involved in the pathway of ROS scavenging, especially the AsA-GSH pathway, were highly enriched under oxidative stress. Notably, VTC2 (GGPase), which functions in the L-galactose pathway of AsA synthesis, was significantly upregulated. Arabidopsis transgenic plants with heterologous expression of ScVTC2 showed elevated AsA and increased tolerance to oxidative stress. Furthermore, ScVTC2 also established better photosynthetic capacity in these plants upon oxidative treatment. Thus, ScVTC2 not only functioned as an effective ROS scavenger but also as a protector of the photosynthetic apparatus in S. corniculata and allowed plants to respond to and tolerate oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongqing Miao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiuying Pang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
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Liu X, Xie X, Zhong C, Li D. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Key Genes Regulating Ascorbic Acid Synthesis in Actinidia. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312894. [PMID: 34884699 PMCID: PMC8657573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinidia (kiwifruit) is known as ‘the king of vitamin C’ due to its rich ascorbic acid (AsA) concentration, which makes it an important model for studying the regulation of AsA metabolism. Herein, transcriptomic analysis was employed to identify candidate genes that regulate AsA synthesis in Actinidia species with 100-fold variations in fruit AsA content (A. latifolia and A. rufa). Approximately 1.16 billion high-quality reads were generated, and an average of 66.68% of the data was uniquely aligned against the reference genome. AsA-associated DEGs that predominately respond to abiotic signals, and secondary metabolic pathways were identified. The key candidate genes, for instance, GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase-3 (GGP3), were explored according to integrated analysis of the weighted gene co-expression network and L-galactose pathway. Transgenic kiwifruit plants were generated, and the leaves of GGP3 (OE-GGP3) overexpressing lines had AsA contents 2.0- to 6.4-fold higher than those of the wild type. Transcriptomic analysis of transgenic kiwifruit lines was further implemented to identify 20 potential downstream target genes and understand GGP3-regulated cellular processes. As a result, two transcription factors (AcESE3 and AcMYBR) were selected to carry out yeast two-hybrid and BiFC assays, which verified that there were obvious AcESE3–AcMYBR and AcESE3–AcGGP3 protein–protein interactions. This study provides insight into the mechanism of AsA synthesis and provides candidate factors and genes involved in AsA accumulation in kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Liu
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Kiwifruit Industrial Technology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.L.); (X.X.)
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Kiwifruit Industrial Technology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.L.); (X.X.)
| | - Caihong Zhong
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Kiwifruit Industrial Technology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.L.); (X.X.)
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (D.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-27-8770-0895 (D.L.)
| | - Dawei Li
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Kiwifruit Industrial Technology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; (X.L.); (X.X.)
- Correspondence: (C.Z.); (D.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-27-8770-0895 (D.L.)
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Alós E, Rey F, Gil JV, Rodrigo MJ, Zacarias L. Ascorbic Acid Content and Transcriptional Profiling of Genes Involved in Its Metabolism during Development of Petals, Leaves, and Fruits of Orange ( Citrus sinensis cv. Valencia Late). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122590. [PMID: 34961061 PMCID: PMC8707836 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Citrus fruit is one of the most important contributors to the ascorbic acid (AsA) intake in humans. Here, we report a comparative analysis of AsA content and transcriptional changes of genes related to its metabolism during development of petals, leaves and fruits of Valencia Late oranges (Citrus sinensis). Petals of close flowers and at anthesis contained the highest concentration of AsA. In fruits, AsA content in the flavedo reached a maximum at color break, whereas the pulp accumulated lower levels and experienced minor fluctuations during development. AsA levels in leaves were similar to those in the flavedo at breaker stage. The transcriptional profiling of AsA biosynthetic, degradation, and recycling genes revealed a complex and specific interplay of the different pathways for each tissue. The D-galacturonic acid pathway appeared to be relevant in petals, whereas in leaves the L-galactose pathway (GGP and GME) also contributed to AsA accumulation. In the flavedo, AsA content was positively correlated with the expression of GGP of the L-galactose pathway and negatively with DHAR1 gene of the recycling pathway. In the pulp, AsA appeared to be mainly controlled by the coordination among the D-galacturonic acid pathway and the MIOX and GalDH genes. Analysis of the promoters of AsA metabolism genes revealed a number of cis-acting elements related to developmental signals, but their functionalities remain to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enriqueta Alós
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (F.R.); (J.V.G.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Florencia Rey
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (F.R.); (J.V.G.); (M.J.R.)
| | - José Vicente Gil
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (F.R.); (J.V.G.); (M.J.R.)
- Food Technology Area, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Rodrigo
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (F.R.); (J.V.G.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Lorenzo Zacarias
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (F.R.); (J.V.G.); (M.J.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-96-3900022
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Tan H, Su G, Tan X, Qin Y, Chen L, Yuan G, Kijlstra A, Yang P. SNP-mediated binding of TBX1 to the enhancer element of IL-10 reduces the risk of Behçet's disease. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1523-1537. [PMID: 34612069 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The genetic association between Behçet's disease susceptibility and IL-10 has been confirmed in multiple cohorts, but the underlying mechanism of this association remains unclear. Materials & methods: We combined public resources and laboratory experiments (electrophoretic mobility shift assays, chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter gene and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing) to analyze transcription factor binding and enhancer activity controlling IL-10 expression. Results & conclusion: The T allele of noncoding rs3024490 within super-enhancer elements is able to specifically bind TBX1 and, in turn, promotes the enhancer activity and increased expression of IL-10. However, a relative deficiency in TBX1 in Behçet's disease patients leads to the low expression of IL-10 and increased risk of developing Behçet's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Guannan Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiao Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yang Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Gangxiang Yuan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Aize Kijlstra
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, Limburg, The Netherlands
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, PR China
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Sharif R, Raza A, Chen P, Li Y, El-Ballat EM, Rauf A, Hano C, El-Esawi MA. HD-ZIP Gene Family: Potential Roles in Improving Plant Growth and Regulating Stress-Responsive Mechanisms in Plants. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081256. [PMID: 34440430 PMCID: PMC8394574 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploring the molecular foundation of the gene-regulatory systems underlying agronomic parameters or/and plant responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses is crucial for crop improvement. Thus, transcription factors, which alone or in combination directly regulated the targeted gene expression levels, are appropriate players for enlightening agronomic parameters through genetic engineering. In this regard, homeodomain leucine zipper (HD-ZIP) genes family concerned with enlightening plant growth and tolerance to environmental stresses are considered key players for crop improvement. This gene family containing HD and LZ domain belongs to the homeobox superfamily. It is further classified into four subfamilies, namely HD-ZIP I, HD-ZIP II, HD-ZIP III, and HD-ZIP IV. The first HD domain-containing gene was discovered in maize cells almost three decades ago. Since then, with advanced technologies, these genes were functionally characterized for their distinct roles in overall plant growth and development under adverse environmental conditions. This review summarized the different functions of HD-ZIP genes in plant growth and physiological-related activities from germination to fruit development. Additionally, the HD-ZIP genes also respond to various abiotic and biotic environmental stimuli by regulating defense response of plants. This review, therefore, highlighted the various significant aspects of this important gene family based on the recent findings. The practical application of HD-ZIP biomolecules in developing bioengineered plants will not only mitigate the negative effects of environmental stresses but also increase the overall production of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Sharif
- Department of Horticulture, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science (CAAS), Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Yuhong Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (M.A.E.-E.)
| | - Enas M. El-Ballat
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23430, Pakistan;
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRAE USC1328, Université d’Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France;
| | - Mohamed A. El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (M.A.E.-E.)
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Bulley SM, Cooney JM, Laing W. Elevating Ascorbate in Arabidopsis Stimulates the Production of Abscisic Acid, Phaseic Acid, and to a Lesser Extent Auxin (IAA) and Jasmonates, Resulting in Increased Expression of DHAR1 and Multiple Transcription Factors Associated with Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2021. [PMID: 34201662 DOI: 10.3990/ijms22136743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression and phytohormone contents were measured in response to elevating ascorbate in the absence of other confounding stimuli such as high light and abiotic stresses. Young Arabidopsis plants were treated with 25 mM solutions of l-galactose pathway intermediates l-galactose (l-gal) or l-galactono-1,4-lactone (l-galL), as well as L-ascorbic acid (AsA), with 25 mM glucose used as control. Feeding increased rosette AsA 2- to 4-fold but there was little change in AsA biosynthetic gene transcripts. Of the ascorbate recycling genes, only Dehydroascorbate reductase 1 expression was increased. Some known regulatory genes displayed increased expression and included ANAC019, ANAC072, ATHB12, ZAT10 and ZAT12. Investigation of the ANAC019/ANAC072/ATHB12 gene regulatory network revealed a high proportion of ABA regulated genes. Measurement of a subset of jasmonate, ABA, auxin (IAA) and salicylic acid compounds revealed consistent increases in ABA (up to 4.2-fold) and phaseic acid (PA; up to 5-fold), and less consistently certain jasmonates, IAA, but no change in salicylic acid levels. Increased ABA is likely due to increased transcripts for the ABA biosynthetic gene NCED3. There were also smaller increases in transcripts for transcription factors ATHB7, ERD1, and ABF3. These results provide insights into how increasing AsA content can mediate increased abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Bulley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Te Puke 3182, New Zealand
| | - Janine M Cooney
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand
| | - William Laing
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
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Bulley SM, Cooney JM, Laing W. Elevating Ascorbate in Arabidopsis Stimulates the Production of Abscisic Acid, Phaseic Acid, and to a Lesser Extent Auxin (IAA) and Jasmonates, Resulting in Increased Expression of DHAR1 and Multiple Transcription Factors Associated with Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136743. [PMID: 34201662 PMCID: PMC8269344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression and phytohormone contents were measured in response to elevating ascorbate in the absence of other confounding stimuli such as high light and abiotic stresses. Young Arabidopsis plants were treated with 25 mM solutions of l-galactose pathway intermediates l-galactose (l-gal) or l-galactono-1,4-lactone (l-galL), as well as L-ascorbic acid (AsA), with 25 mM glucose used as control. Feeding increased rosette AsA 2- to 4-fold but there was little change in AsA biosynthetic gene transcripts. Of the ascorbate recycling genes, only Dehydroascorbate reductase 1 expression was increased. Some known regulatory genes displayed increased expression and included ANAC019, ANAC072, ATHB12, ZAT10 and ZAT12. Investigation of the ANAC019/ANAC072/ATHB12 gene regulatory network revealed a high proportion of ABA regulated genes. Measurement of a subset of jasmonate, ABA, auxin (IAA) and salicylic acid compounds revealed consistent increases in ABA (up to 4.2-fold) and phaseic acid (PA; up to 5-fold), and less consistently certain jasmonates, IAA, but no change in salicylic acid levels. Increased ABA is likely due to increased transcripts for the ABA biosynthetic gene NCED3. There were also smaller increases in transcripts for transcription factors ATHB7, ERD1, and ABF3. These results provide insights into how increasing AsA content can mediate increased abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Bulley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Te Puke 3182, New Zealand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +64-7-928-9796
| | - Janine M. Cooney
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura, Hamilton 3214, New Zealand;
| | - William Laing
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
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Mellidou I, Koukounaras A, Kostas S, Patelou E, Kanellis AK. Regulation of Vitamin C Accumulation for Improved Tomato Fruit Quality and Alleviation of Abiotic Stress. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050694. [PMID: 34066421 PMCID: PMC8148108 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an essential multifaceted phytonutrient for both the human diet and plant growth. Optimum levels of AsA accumulation combined with balanced redox homeostasis are required for normal plant development and defense response to adverse environmental stimuli. Notwithstanding its moderate AsA levels, tomatoes constitute a good source of vitamin C in the human diet. Therefore, the enhancement of AsA levels in tomato fruit attracts considerable attention, not only to improve its nutritional value but also to stimulate stress tolerance. Genetic regulation of AsA concentrations in plants can be achieved through the fine-tuning of biosynthetic, recycling, and transport mechanisms; it is also linked to changes in the whole fruit metabolism. Emerging evidence suggests that tomato synthesizes AsA mainly through the l-galactose pathway, but alternative pathways through d-galacturonate or myo-inositol, or seemingly unrelated transcription and regulatory factors, can be also relevant in certain developmental stages or in response to abiotic factors. Considering the recent advances in our understanding of AsA regulation in model and other non-model species, this review attempts to link the current consensus with novel technologies to provide a comprehensive strategy for AsA enhancement in tomatoes, without any detrimental effect on plant growth or fruit development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifigeneia Mellidou
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hao Elgo-Demeter, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.K.K.)
| | - Athanasios Koukounaras
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Stefanos Kostas
- Department of Horticulture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Efstathia Patelou
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Angelos K. Kanellis
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Group of Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Plants, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (A.K.K.)
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Hellmann H, Goyer A, Navarre DA. Antioxidants in Potatoes: A Functional View on One of the Major Food Crops Worldwide. Molecules 2021; 26:2446. [PMID: 33922183 PMCID: PMC8122721 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With a growing world population, accelerating climate changes, and limited arable land, it is critical to focus on plant-based resources for sustainable food production. In addition, plants are a cornucopia for secondary metabolites, of which many have robust antioxidative capacities and are beneficial for human health. Potato is one of the major food crops worldwide, and is recognized by the United Nations as an excellent food source for an increasing world population. Potato tubers are rich in a plethora of antioxidants with an array of health-promoting effects. This review article provides a detailed overview about the biosynthesis, chemical and health-promoting properties of the most abundant antioxidants in potato tubers, including several vitamins, carotenoids and phenylpropanoids. The dietary contribution of diverse commercial and primitive cultivars are detailed and document that potato contributes much more than just complex carbohydrates to the diet. Finally, the review provides insights into the current and future potential of potato-based systems as tools and resources for healthy and sustainable food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjo Hellmann
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Aymeric Goyer
- Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Hermiston, OR 97838, USA;
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Jiang L, Strobbe S, Van Der Straeten D, Zhang C. Regulation of plant vitamin metabolism: backbone of biofortification for the alleviation of hidden hunger. MOLECULAR PLANT 2021; 14:40-60. [PMID: 33545049 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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Salava H, Thula S, Mohan V, Kumar R, Maghuly F. Application of Genome Editing in Tomato Breeding: Mechanisms, Advances, and Prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E682. [PMID: 33445555 PMCID: PMC7827871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants regularly face the changing climatic conditions that cause biotic and abiotic stress responses. The abiotic stresses are the primary constraints affecting crop yield and nutritional quality in many crop plants. The advances in genome sequencing and high-throughput approaches have enabled the researchers to use genome editing tools for the functional characterization of many genes useful for crop improvement. The present review focuses on the genome editing tools for improving many traits such as disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance, yield, quality, and nutritional aspects of tomato. Many candidate genes conferring tolerance to abiotic stresses such as heat, cold, drought, and salinity stress have been successfully manipulated by gene modification and editing techniques such as RNA interference, insertional mutagenesis, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR/Cas9). In this regard, the genome editing tools such as CRISPR/Cas9, which is a fast and efficient technology that can be exploited to explore the genetic resources for the improvement of tomato and other crop plants in terms of stress tolerance and nutritional quality. The review presents examples of gene editing responsible for conferring both biotic and abiotic stresses in tomato simultaneously. The literature on using this powerful technology to improve fruit quality, yield, and nutritional aspects in tomato is highlighted. Finally, the prospects and challenges of genome editing, public and political acceptance in tomato are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hymavathi Salava
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500064, India;
| | - Sravankumar Thula
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Vijee Mohan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA;
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Plant Translational Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500064, India;
| | - Fatemeh Maghuly
- Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, BOKU-VIBT, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Li Y, Yang C, Ahmad H, Maher M, Fang C, Luo J. Benefiting others and self: Production of vitamins in plants. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:210-227. [PMID: 33289302 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Vitamins maintain growth and development in humans, animals, and plants. Because plants serve as essential producers of vitamins, increasing the vitamin contents in plants has become a goal of crop breeding worldwide. Here, we begin with a summary of the functions of vitamins. We then review the achievements to date in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying how vitamins are synthesized, transported, and regulated in plants. We also stress the exploration of variation in vitamins by the use of forward genetic approaches, such as quantitative trait locus mapping and genome-wide association studies. Overall, we conclude that exploring the diversity of vitamins could provide new insights into plant metabolism and crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chenkun Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hasan Ahmad
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mohamed Maher
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuanying Fang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
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Yu C, Yan M, Dong H, Luo J, Ke Y, Guo A, Chen Y, Zhang J, Huang X. Maize bHLH55 functions positively in salt tolerance through modulation of AsA biosynthesis by directly regulating GDP-mannose pathway genes. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110676. [PMID: 33288001 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA) is an antioxidant and enzyme co-factor that is vital to plant development and abiotic stress tolerance. However, the regulation mechanisms of AsA biosynthesis in plants remain poorly understood. Here, we report a basic helix-loop-helix 55 (ZmbHLH55) transcription factor that regulates AsA biosynthesis in maize. Analysis of publicly available transcriptomic data revealed that ZmbHLH55 is co-expressed with several genes of the GDP-mannose pathway. Experimental data showed that ZmbHLH55 forms homodimers localized to the cell nuclei, and it exhibits DNA binding and transactivation activity in yeast. Under salt stress conditions, knock down mutant (zmbhlh55) in maize accumulated lower levels of AsA compared with wild type, accompanied by lower antioxidant enzymes activity, shorter root length, and higher malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Gene expression data from the WT and zmbhlh55 mutant, showed that ZmbHLH55 positively regulates the expression of ZmPGI2, ZmGME1, and ZmGLDH, but negatively regulates ZmGMP1 and ZmGGP. Furthermore, ZmbHLH55-overexpressing Arabidopsis, under salt conditions, showed higher AsA levels, increased rates of germination, and elevated antioxidant enzyme activities. In conclusion, these results have identified previously unknown regulation mechanisms for AsA biosynthesis, indicating that ZmbHLH55 may be a potential candidate to enhance plant salt stress tolerance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Yu
- Ministry of Agriculture Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 226019, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Ministry of Agriculture Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 226019, China
| | - Huizhen Dong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Ministry of Agriculture Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 226019, China
| | - Yongchao Ke
- Ministry of Agriculture Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 226019, China
| | - Anfang Guo
- Ministry of Agriculture Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 226019, China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Ministry of Agriculture Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 226019, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Maize in Plain Area of Southern Region, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, 226019, China
| | - Xiaosan Huang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Chen W, Hu T, Ye J, Wang B, Liu G, Wang Y, Yuan L, Li J, Li F, Ye Z, Zhang Y. A CCAAT-binding factor, SlNFYA10, negatively regulates ascorbate accumulation by modulating the D-mannose/L-galactose pathway in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:200. [PMID: 33328457 PMCID: PMC7705693 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00418-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AsA), an important antioxidant and growth regulator, and it is essential for plant development and human health. Specifically, humans have to acquire AsA from dietary sources due to their inability to synthesize it. The AsA biosynthesis pathway in plants has been elucidated, but its regulatory mechanism remains largely unknown. In this report, we biochemically identified a CCAAT-box transcription factor (SlNFYA10) that can bind to the promoter of SlGME1, which encodes GDP-Man-3',5'-epimerase, a pivotal enzyme in the D-mannose/L-galactose pathway. Importantly, SlNFYA10 simultaneously binds to the promoter of SlGGP1, a downstream gene of SlGME1 in the D-mannose/L-galactose pathway. Binding assays in yeast and functional analyses in plants have confirmed that SlNFYA10 exerts a negative effect on the expression of both SlGME1 and SlGGP1. Transgenic tomato lines overexpressing SlNFYA10 show decreased levels of SlGME1 and SlGGP1 abundance and AsA concentration in their leaves and fruits, accompanied by enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress. Overall, SlNFYA10 is the first CCAAT-binding factor identified to date to negatively regulate the AsA biosynthetic pathway at multiple sites and modulate plant responses to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Tixu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Genzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangman Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
- HZAU Chuwei Institute of Advanced Seeds, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China.
- HZAU Chuwei Institute of Advanced Seeds, 430070, Wuhan, China.
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Nepal N, Yactayo-Chang JP, Gable R, Wilkie A, Martin J, Aniemena CL, Gaxiola R, Lorence A. Phenotypic characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana lines overexpressing AVP1 and MIOX4 in response to abiotic stresses. APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES 2020; 8:e11384. [PMID: 32995104 PMCID: PMC7507355 DOI: 10.1002/aps3.11384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE AVP1 (H+-pyrophosphatase) and MIOX4 (myo-inositol oxygenase) are genes that, when overexpressed individually, enhance the growth and abiotic stress tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana plants. We propose that pyramiding AVP1 and MIOX4 genes will further improve stress tolerance under water-limited and salt-stress conditions. METHODS MIOX4 and AVP1 reciprocal crosses were developed and phenomic approaches used to investigate the possible synergy between these genes. RESULTS Under normal and stress conditions, the crosses had higher foliar ascorbate content than the wild-type and parental lines. Under water-limited conditions, the crosses also displayed an enhanced growth rate and biomass compared with the control. The observed increases in photosystem II efficiency, linear electron flow, and relative chlorophyll content may have contributed to this observed phenotype. Additionally, the crosses retained more water than the controls when subjected to salt stress. Higher seed yields were also observed in the crosses compared with the controls when grown under salt and water-limitation stresses. DISCUSSION Overall, these results suggest the combinatorial effect of overexpressing MIOX4 and AVP1 may be more advantageous than the individual traits for enhancing stress tolerance and seed yields during crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirman Nepal
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State University P.O. Box 639, State University Arkansas 72467 USA
| | - Jessica P Yactayo-Chang
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State University P.O. Box 639, State University Arkansas 72467 USA
| | - Ricky Gable
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State University P.O. Box 639, State University Arkansas 72467 USA
| | - Austin Wilkie
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State University P.O. Box 639, State University Arkansas 72467 USA
| | - Jazmin Martin
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State University P.O. Box 639, State University Arkansas 72467 USA
| | - Chineche L Aniemena
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State University P.O. Box 639, State University Arkansas 72467 USA
| | - Roberto Gaxiola
- School of Life Sciences Arizona State University-Tempe P.O. Box 4501 Tempe Arizona 85821 USA
| | - Argelia Lorence
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute Arkansas State University P.O. Box 639, State University Arkansas 72467 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Physics Arkansas State University P.O. Box 419, State University Arkansas 72467 USA
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Xiong C, Xie Q, Yang Q, Sun P, Gao S, Li H, Zhang J, Wang T, Ye Z, Yang C. WOOLLY, interacting with MYB transcription factor MYB31, regulates cuticular wax biosynthesis by modulating CER6 expression in tomato. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:323-337. [PMID: 32129912 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cuticular waxes play a crucial role not only in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stresses, but also in the quality and storability of fruits, such as the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Although the biosynthetic pathways of waxes have been extensively characterized, the regulatory mechanisms underlying wax biosynthesis in tomato remain largely unclear. Here, we show that Woolly (Wo), a multicellular trichome regulator, is involved in modulating wax biosynthesis in tomato. Wo enhances the expression of the wax biosynthetic genes SlCER6, SlKCR1, and SlPAS2, and the wax transporter gene SlLTP, and thereby promotes wax accumulation. Furthermore, Wo directly binds to the L1-box in the promoter of SlCER6, an essential element of the very-long-chain fatty acid elongase complex. Intriguingly, overexpression (OE) or knock-down of SlMYB31, an MYB transcription factor that physically interacts with Wo in vivo and in vitro, produces marked changes in wax composition, and whereas Wo knock-down inhibits wax accumulation in SlMYB31-OE lines, SlMYB31 knock-down inhibits wax accumulation in Wo-OE lines, implying that these two genes function in the same pathway. Lastly, SlCER6 expression is induced by abscisic acid in a manner that is partially dependent on Wo. These results demonstrate that Wo and SlMYB31 cooperatively control tomato cuticular wax biosynthesis by regulating the expression of SlCER6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qingmin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qihong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pengya Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shenghua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hanxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Junhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Taotao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Changxian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Munir S, Mumtaz MA, Ahiakpa JK, Liu G, Chen W, Zhou G, Zheng W, Ye Z, Zhang Y. Genome-wide analysis of Myo-inositol oxygenase gene family in tomato reveals their involvement in ascorbic acid accumulation. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:284. [PMID: 32252624 PMCID: PMC7132880 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-6708-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C, AsA) is an antioxidant metabolite involved in plant development and environmental stimuli. AsA biosynthesis has been well studied in plants, and MIOX is a critical enzyme in plants AsA biosynthesis pathway. However, Myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) gene family members and their involvement in AsA biosynthesis and response to abiotic stress remain unclear. RESULTS In this study, five tomato genes encoding MIOX proteins and possessing MIOX motifs were identified. Structural analysis and distribution mapping showed that 5 MIOX genes contain different intron/exon patterns and unevenly distributed among four chromosomes. Besides, expression analyses indicated the remarkable expression of SlMIOX genes in different plant tissues. Furthermore, transgenic lines were obtained by over-expression of the MIOX4 gene in tomato. The overexpression lines showed a significant increase in total ascorbate in leaves and red fruits compared to control. Expression analysis revealed that increased accumulation of AsA in MIOX4 overexpression lines is possible as a consequence of the multiple genes involved in AsA biosynthesis. Myo inositol (MI) feeding in leaf and fruit implied that the Myo-inositol pathway improved the AsA biosynthesis in leaves and fruits. MIOX4 overexpression lines exhibited a better light response, abiotic stress tolerance, and AsA biosynthesis capacity. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that MIOX4 transgenic lines contribute to AsA biosynthesis, evident as better light response and improved oxidative stress tolerance. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of the MIOX gene family and their involvement in ascorbate biosynthesis in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Munir
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Ali Mumtaz
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - John Kojo Ahiakpa
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Genzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Weifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guolin Zhou
- Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- HZAU Chuwei Institute of Advanced Seeds, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhibiao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- HZAU Chuwei Institute of Advanced Seeds, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- HZAU Chuwei Institute of Advanced Seeds, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Zhang X, Tang H, Du H, Liu Z, Bao Z, Shi Q. Comparative N-glycoproteome analysis provides novel insights into the regulation mechanism in tomato (solanum lycopersicum L.) During fruit ripening process. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 293:110413. [PMID: 32081262 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Protein N-glycosylation plays key roles in protein folding, stability, solubility, biogenesis, and enzyme activity. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop with abundant nutritional value, and the formation of tomato fruit qualities primarily occurs in the fruit ripening process. However, a large number of N-glycosylation-mediated mechanisms in regulating tomato fruit ripening have not been elucidated to date. In this study, western blot assays showed that the extents of mature N-glycoproteins were differentially expressed in mature green fruits (fruit start ripening) and ripe fruits (fruit stop ripening). Next, through performing a comparative N-glycoproteome analysis strategy, a total of 553 N-glycosites from 363 N-glycoproteins were identified in mature green fruits compared with ripe fruits. Among them, 252 N-glycosites from 191 N-glycoproteins were differentially expressed in mature green fruits compared with ripe fruits. The differentially expressed N-glycoproteins were mainly located in the chloroplast (30 %) and cytoplasm (16 %). Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that these N-glycoproteins were involved in various biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions. These N-glycoproteins participate in biological processes, such as metabolic processes, cellular processes and single-organism processes. These N-glycoproteins are also cellular components in biological process cells, membranes and organelles and have different molecular functions, such as catalytic activity and binding. Notably, these N-glycoproteins were enriched in starch and sucrose metabolism and galactose metabolism by KEGG pathway analysis. This community resource regarding N-glycoproteins is the first large-scale N-glycoproteome during plant fruit ripening. This study will contribute to understanding the function of N-glycosylation in regulating plant fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Huimeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Han Du
- College of food science and engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhen Liu
- Jingjie PTM Biolab Co. Ltd, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
| | - Zhilong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Qinghua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit & Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.
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