1
|
Gujar V, Pande RD, Hardas BM, Das S. Nerve Growth Factor Signaling Modulates the Expression of Glutaminase in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons during Peripheral Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6053. [PMID: 38892241 PMCID: PMC11172420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamate functions as the major excitatory neurotransmitter for primary sensory neurons and has a crucial role in sensitizing peripheral nociceptor terminals producing sensitization. Glutaminase (GLS) is the synthetic enzyme that converts glutamine to glutamate. GLS-immunoreactivity (-ir) and enzyme activity are elevated in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuronal cell bodies during chronic peripheral inflammation, but the mechanism for this GLS elevation is yet to be fully characterized. It has been well established that, after nerve growth factor (NGF) binds to its high-affinity receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), a retrograde signaling endosome is formed. This endosome contains the late endosomal marker Rab7GTPase and is retrogradely transported via axons to the cell soma located in the DRG. This complex is responsible for regulating the transcription of several critical nociceptive genes. Here, we show that this retrograde NGF signaling mediates the expression of GLS in DRG neurons during the process of peripheral inflammation. We disrupted the normal NGF/TrkA signaling in adjuvant-induced arthritic (AIA) Sprague Dawley rats by the pharmacological inhibition of TrkA or blockade of Rab7GTPase, which significantly attenuated the expression of GLS in DRG cell bodies. The results indicate that NGF/TrkA signaling is crucial for the production of glutamate and has a vital role in the development of neurogenic inflammation. In addition, our pain behavioral data suggest that Rab7GTPase can be a potential target for attenuating peripheral inflammatory pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikramsingh Gujar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Oklahoma State University, Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA
| | - Radhika D. Pande
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University, Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA; (R.D.P.); (S.D.)
| | - Bhalchandra M. Hardas
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Shri Ramdeobaba College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur 440013, India;
| | - Subhas Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University, Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK 74107, USA; (R.D.P.); (S.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gilleron J, Chafik A, Lacas-Gervais S, Tanti JF, Cormont M. Golgi-associated retrograde protein (GARP) complex-dependent endosomes to trans Golgi network retrograde trafficking is controlled by Rab4b. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:54. [PMID: 38627612 PMCID: PMC11020649 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00574-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trafficking of cargoes from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network requires numerous sequential and coordinated steps. Cargoes are sorted into endosomal-derived carriers that are transported, tethered, and fused to the trans-Golgi network. The tethering step requires several complexes, including the Golgi-associated retrograde protein complex, whose localization at the trans-Golgi network is determined by the activity of small GTPases of the Arl and Rab family. However, how the Golgi-associated retrograde protein complex recognizes the endosome-derived carriers that will fuse with the trans-Golgi network is still unknown. METHODS We studied the retrograde trafficking to the trans-Golgi network by using fluorescent cargoes in cells overexpressing Rab4b or after Rab4b knocked-down by small interfering RNA in combination with the downregulation of subunits of the Golgi-associated retrograde protein complex. We used immunofluorescence and image processing (Super Resolution Radial Fluctuation and 3D reconstruction) as well as biochemical approaches to characterize the consequences of these interventions on cargo carriers trafficking. RESULTS We reported that the VPS52 subunit of the Golgi-associated retrograde protein complex is an effector of Rab4b. We found that overexpression of wild type or active Rab4b increased early endosomal to trans-Golgi network retrograde trafficking of the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor in a Golgi-associated retrograde protein complex-dependent manner. Conversely, overexpression of an inactive Rab4b or Rab4b knockdown attenuated this trafficking. In the absence of Rab4b, the internalized cation-independent mannose 6 phosphate receptor did not have access to VPS52-labeled structures that look like endosomal subdomains and/or endosome-derived carriers, and whose subcellular distribution is Rab4b-independent. Consequently, the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor was blocked in early endosomes and no longer had access to the trans-Golgi network. CONCLUSION Our results support that Rab4b, by controlling the sorting of the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor towards VPS52 microdomains, confers a directional specificity for cargo carriers en route to the trans-Golgi network. Given the importance of the endocytic recycling in cell homeostasis, disruption of the Rab4b/Golgi-associated retrograde protein complex-dependent step could have serious consequences in pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Gilleron
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team "Insulin Resistance in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes", Bâtiment Archimed, 151 Route de Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, 06200, Nice Cedex 03, France.
| | - Abderrahman Chafik
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team "Insulin Resistance in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes", Bâtiment Archimed, 151 Route de Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, 06200, Nice Cedex 03, France
| | - Sandra Lacas-Gervais
- Université Côte d'Azur, CCMA, Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée (CCMA), Nice, France
| | - Jean-François Tanti
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team "Insulin Resistance in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes", Bâtiment Archimed, 151 Route de Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, 06200, Nice Cedex 03, France
| | - Mireille Cormont
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Mediterranean Center of Molecular Medicine (C3M), Team "Insulin Resistance in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes", Bâtiment Archimed, 151 Route de Saint Antoine de Ginestière, BP 2 3194, 06200, Nice Cedex 03, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gagliardi S, Mitruccio M, Di Corato R, Romano R, Aloisi A, Rinaldi R, Alifano P, Guerra F, Bucci C. Defects of mitochondria-lysosomes communication induce secretion of mitochondria-derived vesicles and drive chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:165. [PMID: 38448982 PMCID: PMC10916030 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among the mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control (MQC), generation of mitochondria-derived vesicles (MDVs) is a process to avoid complete failure of mitochondria determining lysosomal degradation of mitochondrial damaged proteins. In this context, RAB7, a late endocytic small GTPase, controls delivery of MDVs to late endosomes for subsequent lysosomal degradation. We previously demonstrated that RAB7 has a pivotal role in response to cisplatin (CDDP) regulating resistance to the drug by extracellular vesicle (EVs) secretion. METHODS Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were used to analyze structure and function of endosomes and lysosomes in CDDP chemosensitive and chemoresistant ovarian cancer cell lines. EVs were purified from chemosensitive and chemoresistant cells by ultracentrifugation or immunoisolation to analyze their mitochondrial DNA and protein content. Treatment with cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) and RAB7 modulation were used, respectively, to understand the role of mitochondrial and late endosomal/lysosomal alterations on MDV secretion. Using conditioned media from chemoresistant cells the effect of MDVs on the viability after CDDP treatment was determined. Seahorse assays and immunofluorescence analysis were used to study the biochemical role of MDVs and the uptake and intracellular localization of MDVs, respectively. RESULTS We observed that CDDP-chemoresistant cells are characterized by increased MDV secretion, impairment of late endocytic traffic, RAB7 downregulation, an increase of RAB7 in EVs, compared to chemosensitive cells, and downregulation of the TFEB-mTOR pathway overseeing lysosomal and mitochondrial biogenesis and turnover. We established that MDVs can be secreted rather than delivered to lysosomes and are able to deliver CDDP outside the cells. We showed increased secretion of MDVs by chemoresistant cells ultimately caused by the extrusion of RAB7 in EVs, resulting in a dramatic drop in its intracellular content, as a novel mechanism to regulate RAB7 levels. We demonstrated that MDVs purified from chemoresistant cells induce chemoresistance in RAB7-modulated process, and, after uptake from recipient cells, MDVs localize to mitochondria and slow down mitochondrial activity. CONCLUSIONS Dysfunctional MQC in chemoresistant cells determines a block in lysosomal degradation of MDVs and their consequent secretion, suggesting that MQC is not able to eliminate damaged mitochondria whose components are secreted becoming effectors and potential markers of chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinforosa Gagliardi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Marco Mitruccio
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Corato
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Arnesano, 73010, Italy
| | - Roberta Romano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Alessandra Aloisi
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (IMM), CNR, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Department of Mathematics and Physics "E. De Giorgi", University of Salento, Via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Scuola Superiore ISUFI, University of Salento, Via Monteroni, University Campus, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Pietro Alifano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Flora Guerra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Via Provinciale Lecce-Monteroni n. 165, Lecce, 73100, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Login FH, Dam VS, Nejsum LN. Following the cellular itinerary of renal aquaporin-2 shuttling with 4.5x expansion microscopy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C194-C205. [PMID: 38047301 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00397.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The shuttling of renal collecting duct aquaporin-2 (AQP2) between intracellular vesicles and the apical plasma membrane is paramount for regulation of renal water reabsorption. The binding of the circulating antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) to the basolateral AVP receptor increases intracellular cAMP, which ultimately leads to AQP2 plasma membrane accumulation via a dual effect on AQP2 vesicle fusion with the apical plasma membrane and reduced AQP2 endocytosis. This AQP2 plasma membrane accumulation increases water reabsorption and consequently urine concentration. Conventional fluorescent microscopy provides a lateral resolution of ∼250 nm, which is insufficient to resolve the AQP2-containing endosomes/vesicles. Therefore, detailed information regarding the AQP2 vesicular population is still lacking. Newly established 4.5x Expansion Microscopy (ExM) can increase resolution to 60-70 nm. Using 4.5x ExM, we detected AQP2 vesicles/endosomes as small as 79 nm considering an average expansion factor of 4.3 for endosomes. Using different markers of the endosomal system provided detailed information of the cellular AQP2 itinerary upon changes in endogenous cAMP levels. Before cAMP elevation, AQP2 colocalized with early and recycling, but not late endosomes. Forskolin-induced cAMP increase was characterized by AQP2 insertion into the plasma membrane and AQP2 withdrawal from large perinuclear endosomes as well as some localization to lysosomal compartments. Forskolin washout promoted AQP2 endocytosis where AQP2 localized to not only early and recycling endosomes but also late endosomes and lysosomes indicating increased AQP2 degradation. Thus, our results show that 4.5 ExM is an attractive approach to obtain detailed information regarding AQP2 shuttling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Renal aquaporin-2 (AQP2) imaged by expansion microscopy provides unprecedented 3-D information regarding the AQP2 itinerary in response to changes in cellular cAMP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric H Login
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Vibeke S Dam
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lene N Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Takahashi K, Mashima H, Sekine M, Uehara T, Asano T, Sun-Wada GH, Wada Y, Ohnishi H. Rab7 localized on zymogen granules is involved in maturation but not in autophagy or regulated exocytosis in pancreatic acinar cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22084. [PMID: 38087030 PMCID: PMC10716180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab7 is known to function in the autophagy and endocytosis pathways in eukaryocytes and is related to various diseases. We recently reported that Rab7 plays a protective role against acute pancreatitis. However, its physiological function in exocytic cells remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of Rab7 in pancreas-specific Rab7 knockout mice (Rab7Δpan). Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that Rab7 colocalized with amylase in pancreatic acinar cells of wild-type mice, but not in Rab7Δpan mice. Western blotting confirmed Rab7 localization in the zymogen granule (ZG) membranes of wild-type mice. Cholecystokinin (CCK)-stimulated amylase secretion examined using isolated pancreatic acini was similar in Rab7Δpan and wild-type mice. In contrast, electron microscopy revealed that the diameters of ZGs were shorter and the number of ZGs was larger in the pancreatic acinar cells of Rab7Δpan mice than in those of wild-type mice. However, the number of ZGs decreased in both Rab7Δpan and wild-type mice after 24 h of starvation. In addition, the amount of amylase in the pancreas was decreased in both Rab7Δpan and wild-type mice. These data indicate that Rab7 localized on ZGs plays a crucial role in the maturation of ZGs but not in their autophagy or regulated exocytosis in pancreatic acinar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hirosato Mashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-Cho, Omiya-Ku, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan.
| | - Masanari Sekine
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-Cho, Omiya-Ku, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uehara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-Cho, Omiya-Ku, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan
| | - Takeharu Asano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-Cho, Omiya-Ku, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan
| | - Ge-Hong Sun-Wada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoh Wada
- Division of Biological Science, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirohide Ohnishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanuma-Cho, Omiya-Ku, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan
- Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Park JS, Perl A. Endosome Traffic Modulates Pro-Inflammatory Signal Transduction in CD4 + T Cells-Implications for the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10749. [PMID: 37445926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytic recycling regulates the cell surface receptor composition of the plasma membrane. The surface expression levels of the T cell receptor (TCR), in concert with signal transducing co-receptors, regulate T cell responses, such as proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production. Altered TCR expression contributes to pro-inflammatory skewing, which is a hallmark of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), defined by a reduced function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and the expansion of CD4+ helper T (Th) cells. The ensuing secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as interferon-γ and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23, trigger autoantibody production and tissue infiltration by cells of the adaptive and innate immune system that induce organ damage. Endocytic recycling influences immunological synapse formation by CD4+ T lymphocytes, signal transduction from crosslinked surface receptors through recruitment of adaptor molecules, intracellular traffic of organelles, and the generation of metabolites to support growth, cytokine production, and epigenetic control of DNA replication and gene expression in the cell nucleus. This review will delineate checkpoints of endosome traffic that can be targeted for therapeutic interventions in autoimmune and other disease conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joy S Park
- Department of Medicine, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Andras Perl
- Department of Medicine, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Norton College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Piper B, Bogamuwa S, Hossain T, Farkas D, Rosas L, Green A, Newcomb G, Sun N, Horowitz JC, Bhagwani AR, Yang H, Kudryashova TV, Rojas M, Mora AL, Yan P, Mallampalli RK, Goncharova EA, Eckmann DM, Farkas L. RAB7 deficiency impairs pulmonary artery endothelial function and promotes pulmonary hypertension. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.03.526842. [PMID: 36778418 PMCID: PMC9915659 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.03.526842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating and progressive disease with limited treatment options. Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in development and progression of PAH, yet the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. The endosome-lysosome system is important to maintain cellular health and the small GTPase RAB7 regulates many functions of this system. Here, we explored the role of RAB7 in endothelial cell (EC) function and lung vascular homeostasis. We found reduced expression of RAB7 in ECs from PAH patients. Endothelial haploinsufficiency of RAB7 caused spontaneous PH in mice. Silencing of RAB7 in ECs induced broad changes in gene expression revealed via RNA sequencing and RAB7 silenced ECs showed impaired angiogenesis, expansion of a senescent cell fraction, combined with impaired endolysosomal trafficking and degradation, which suggests inhibition of autophagy at the pre-degradation level. Further, mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative phosphorylation were decreased, and glycolysis was enhanced. Treatment with the RAB7 activator ML-098 reduced established PH in chronic hypoxia/SU5416 rats. In conclusion, we demonstrate here for the first time the fundamental impairment of EC function by loss of RAB7 that leads to PH and show RAB7 activation as a potential therapeutic strategy in a preclinical model of PH.
Collapse
|
8
|
Loss of small GTPase Rab7 activation in prion infection negatively affects a feedback loop regulating neuronal cholesterol metabolism. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102883. [PMID: 36623732 PMCID: PMC9926124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion diseases are fatal and infectious neurodegenerative diseases that occur in humans and animals. They are caused by the misfolding of the cellular prion protein PrPc into the infectious isoform PrPSc. PrPSc accumulates mostly in endolysosomal vesicles of prion-infected cells, eventually causing neurodegeneration. In response to prion infection, elevated cholesterol levels and a reduction in membrane-attached small GTPase Rab7 have been observed in neuronal cells. Here, we investigated the molecular events causing an impaired Rab7 membrane attachment and the potential mechanistic link with elevated cholesterol levels in prion infection. We demonstrate that prion infection is associated with reduced levels of active Rab7 (Rab7.GTP) in persistently prion-infected neuronal cell lines, primary cerebellar granular neurons, and neurons in the brain of mice with terminal prion disease. In primary cerebellar granular neurons, levels of active Rab7 were increased during the very early stages of the prion infection prior to a significant decrease concomitant with PrPSc accumulation. The reduced activation of Rab7 in prion-infected neuronal cell lines is also associated with its reduced ubiquitination status, decreased interaction with its effector RILP, and altered lysosomal positioning. Consequently, the Rab7-mediated trafficking of low-density lipoprotein to lysosomes is delayed. This results in an impaired feedback regulation of cholesterol synthesis leading to an increase in cholesterol levels. Notably, transient overexpression of the constitutively active mutant of Rab7 rescues the delay in the low-density lipoprotein trafficking, hence reducing cholesterol levels and attenuating PrPSc propagation, demonstrating a mechanistic link between the loss of Rab7.GTP and elevated cholesterol levels.
Collapse
|
9
|
Mucopolysaccharidoses and the blood-brain barrier. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:76. [PMID: 36117162 PMCID: PMC9484072 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00373-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses comprise a set of genetic diseases marked by an enzymatic dysfunction in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans in lysosomes. There are eight clinically distinct types of mucopolysaccharidosis, some with various subtypes, based on which lysosomal enzyme is deficient and symptom severity. Patients with mucopolysaccharidosis can present with a variety of symptoms, including cognitive dysfunction, hepatosplenomegaly, skeletal abnormalities, and cardiopulmonary issues. Additionally, the onset and severity of symptoms can vary depending on the specific disorder, with symptoms typically arising during early childhood. While there is currently no cure for mucopolysaccharidosis, there are clinically approved therapies for the management of clinical symptoms, such as enzyme replacement therapy. Enzyme replacement therapy is typically administered intravenously, which allows for the systemic delivery of the deficient enzymes to peripheral organ sites. However, crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to ameliorate the neurological symptoms of mucopolysaccharidosis continues to remain a challenge for these large macromolecules. In this review, we discuss the transport mechanisms for the delivery of lysosomal enzymes across the BBB. Additionally, we discuss the several therapeutic approaches, both preclinical and clinical, for the treatment of mucopolysaccharidoses.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yap CC, Digilio L, McMahon LP, Wang T, Winckler B. Dynein Is Required for Rab7-Dependent Endosome Maturation, Retrograde Dendritic Transport, and Degradation. J Neurosci 2022; 42:4415-4434. [PMID: 35474277 PMCID: PMC9172292 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2530-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In all cell types, endocytosed cargo is transported along a set of endosomal compartments, which are linked maturationally from early endosomes (EEs) via late endosomes (LEs) to lysosomes. Lysosomes are critical for degradation of proteins that enter through endocytic as well as autophagic pathways. Rab7 is the master regulator of early-to-late endosome maturation, motility, and fusion with lysosomes. We previously showed that most degradative lysosomes are localized in the soma and in the first 25 µm of the dendrite and that bulk degradation of dendritic membrane proteins occurs in/near the soma. Dendritic late endosomes therefore move retrogradely in a Rab7-dependent manner for fusion with somatic lysosomes. We now used cultured E18 rat hippocampal neurons of both sexes to determine which microtubule motor is responsible for degradative flux of late endosomes. Based on multiple approaches (inhibiting dynein/dynactin itself or inhibiting dynein recruitment to endosomes by expressing the C-terminus of the Rab7 effector, RILP), we now demonstrate that net retrograde flux of late endosomes in dendrites is supported by dynein. Inhibition of dynein also delays maturation of somatic endosomes, as evidenced by excessive accumulation of Rab7. In addition, degradation of dendritic cargos is inhibited. Our results also suggest that GDP-GTP cycling of Rab7 appears necessary not only for endosomal maturation but also for fusion with lysosomes subsequent to arrival in the soma. In conclusion, Rab7-dependent dynein/dynactin recruitment to dendritic endosomes plays multifaceted roles in dendritic endosome maturation as well as retrograde transport of late endosomes to sustain normal degradative flux.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Lysosomes are critical for degradation of membrane and extracellular proteins that enter through endocytosis. Lysosomes are also the endpoint of autophagy and thus responsible for protein and organelle homeostasis. Endosomal-lysosomal dysfunction is linked to neurodegeneration and aging. We identify roles in dendrites for two proteins with links to human diseases, Rab7 and dynein. Our previous work identified a process that requires directional retrograde transport in dendrites, namely, efficient degradation of short-lived membrane proteins. Based on multiple approaches, we demonstrate that Rab7-dependent recruitment of dynein motors supports net retrograde transport to lysosomes and is needed for endosome maturation. Our data also suggest that GDP-GTP cycling of Rab7 is required for fusion with lysosomes and degradation, subsequent to arrival in the soma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Choo Yap
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Laura Digilio
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Lloyd P McMahon
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| | - Tuanlao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province 361005, China
| | - Bettina Winckler
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cabana VC, Bouchard AY, Sénécal AM, Ghilarducci K, Kourrich S, Cappadocia L, Lussier MP. RNF13 Dileucine Motif Variants L311S and L312P Interfere with Endosomal Localization and AP-3 Complex Association. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113063. [PMID: 34831286 PMCID: PMC8620429 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEE) are rare and serious neurological disorders characterized by severe epilepsy with refractory seizures and a significant developmental delay. Recently, DEE73 was linked to genetic alterations of the RNF13 gene, which convert positions 311 or 312 in the RNF13 protein from leucine to serine or proline, respectively (L311S and L312P). Using a fluorescence microscopy approach to investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms affected by RNF13 protein variants, the current study shows that wild-type RNF13 localizes extensively with endosomes and lysosomes, while L311S and L312P do not extensively colocalize with the lysosomal marker Lamp1. Our results show that RNF13 L311S and L312P proteins affect the size of endosomal vesicles along with the temporal and spatial progression of fluorescently labeled epidermal growth factor, but not transferrin, in the endolysosomal system. Furthermore, GST-pulldown and co-immunoprecipitation show that RNF13 variants disrupt association with AP-3 complex. Knockdown of AP-3 complex subunit AP3D1 alters the lysosomal localization of wild-type RNF13 and similarly affects the size of endosomal vesicles. Importantly, our study provides a first step toward understanding the cellular and molecular mechanism altered by DEE73-associated genetic variations of RNF13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie C. Cabana
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 2J6, Canada; (V.C.C.); (A.Y.B.); (A.M.S.); (K.G.); (L.C.)
- Centre d’Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada;
| | - Antoine Y. Bouchard
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 2J6, Canada; (V.C.C.); (A.Y.B.); (A.M.S.); (K.G.); (L.C.)
- Centre d’Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada;
| | - Audrey M. Sénécal
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 2J6, Canada; (V.C.C.); (A.Y.B.); (A.M.S.); (K.G.); (L.C.)
- Centre d’Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada;
| | - Kim Ghilarducci
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 2J6, Canada; (V.C.C.); (A.Y.B.); (A.M.S.); (K.G.); (L.C.)
- Centre d’Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada;
| | - Saïd Kourrich
- Centre d’Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada;
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 1Y4, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Laurent Cappadocia
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 2J6, Canada; (V.C.C.); (A.Y.B.); (A.M.S.); (K.G.); (L.C.)
- Centre d’Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada;
| | - Marc P. Lussier
- Département de Chimie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 2J6, Canada; (V.C.C.); (A.Y.B.); (A.M.S.); (K.G.); (L.C.)
- Centre d’Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines—Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 3Y7, Canada;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(514)-987-3000 (ext. 5591); Fax: +1-(514)-987-4054
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dubový P, Hradilová-Svíženská I, Brázda V, Joukal M. Toll-Like Receptor 9-Mediated Neuronal Innate Immune Reaction Is Associated with Initiating a Pro-Regenerative State in Neurons of the Dorsal Root Ganglia Non-Associated with Sciatic Nerve Lesion. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147446. [PMID: 34299065 PMCID: PMC8304752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the changes brought about by Wallerian degeneration distal to nerve injury is disintegration of axonal mitochondria and consequent leakage of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)—the natural ligand for the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). RT-PCR and immunohistochemical or Western blot analyses were used to detect TLR9 mRNA and protein respectively in the lumbar (L4-L5) and cervical (C7-C8) dorsal root ganglia (DRG) ipsilateral and contralateral to a sterile unilateral sciatic nerve compression or transection. The unilateral sciatic nerve lesions led to bilateral increases in levels of both TLR9 mRNA and protein not only in the lumbar but also in the remote cervical DRG compared with naive or sham-operated controls. This upregulation of TLR9 was linked to activation of the Nuclear Factor kappa B (NFκB) and nuclear translocation of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), implying innate neuronal immune reaction and a pro-regenerative state in uninjured primary sensory neurons of the cervical DRG. The relationship of TLR9 to the induction of a pro-regenerative state in the cervical DRG neurons was confirmed by the shorter lengths of regenerated axons distal to ulnar nerve crush following a previous sciatic nerve lesion and intrathecal chloroquine injection compared with control rats. The results suggest that a systemic innate immune reaction not only triggers the regenerative state of axotomized DRG neurons but also induces a pro-regenerative state further along the neural axis after unilateral nerve injury.
Collapse
|
13
|
Lattao R, Rangone H, Llamazares S, Glover DM. Mauve/LYST limits fusion of lysosome-related organelles and promotes centrosomal recruitment of microtubule nucleating proteins. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1000-1013.e6. [PMID: 33725482 PMCID: PMC8024676 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Lysosome-related organelles (LROs) are endosomal compartments carrying tissue-specific proteins, which become enlarged in Chediak-Higashi syndrome (CHS) due to mutations in LYST. Here, we show that Drosophila Mauve, a counterpart of LYST, suppresses vesicle fusion events with lipid droplets (LDs) during the formation of yolk granules (YGs), the LROs of the syncytial embryo, and opposes Rab5, which promotes fusion. Mauve localizes on YGs and at spindle poles, and it co-immunoprecipitates with the LDs' component and microtubule-associated protein Minispindles/Ch-TOG. Minispindles levels are increased at the enlarged YGs and diminished around centrosomes in mauve-derived mutant embryos. This leads to decreased microtubule nucleation from centrosomes, a defect that can be rescued by dominant-negative Rab5. Together, this reveals an unanticipated link between endosomal vesicles and centrosomes. These findings establish Mauve/LYST's role in regulating LRO formation and centrosome behavior, a role that could account for the enlarged LROs and centrosome positioning defects at the immune synapse of CHS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Lattao
- University of Cambridge, Department of Genetics, Downing Street, Cambridge CB23EH, UK.
| | - Hélène Rangone
- University of Cambridge, Department of Genetics, Downing Street, Cambridge CB23EH, UK
| | - Salud Llamazares
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Parc Cientific de Barcelona, C/ Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David M Glover
- University of Cambridge, Department of Genetics, Downing Street, Cambridge CB23EH, UK; Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E, California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yan M, Zheng T. Role of the endolysosomal pathway and exosome release in tau propagation. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:104988. [PMID: 33582164 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The progressive deposition of misfolded and aggregated forms of Tau protein in the brain is a pathological hallmark of tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal degeneration (FTD). The misfolded Tau can be released into the extracellular space and internalized by neighboring cells, acting as seeds to trigger the robust conversion of soluble Tau into insoluble filamentous aggregates in a prion-like manner, ultimately contributing to the progression of the disease. However, molecular mechanisms accountable for the propagation of Tau pathology are poorly defined. We reviewed the Tau processing imbalance in endosomal, lysosomal, and exosomal pathways in AD. Increased exosome release counteracts the endosomal-lysosomal dysfunction of Tau processing but increases the number of aggregates and the propagation of Tau. This review summarizes our current understanding of the underlying tauopathy mechanisms with an emphasis on the emerging role of the endosomal-lysosomal-exosome pathways in this process. The components CHMP6, TSG101, and other components of the ESCRT complex, as well as Rab GTPase such as Rab35 and Rab7A, regulate vesicle cargoes routing from endosome to lysosome and affect Tau traffic, degradation, or secretion. Thus, the significant molecular pathways that should be potential therapeutic targets for treating tauopathies are determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minli Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), 54 Youdian Road, Hangzhou, 310009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zanin N, Viaris de Lesegno C, Lamaze C, Blouin CM. Interferon Receptor Trafficking and Signaling: Journey to the Cross Roads. Front Immunol 2021; 11:615603. [PMID: 33552080 PMCID: PMC7855707 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.615603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Like most plasma membrane proteins, type I interferon (IFN) receptor (IFNAR) traffics from the outer surface to the inner compartments of the cell. Long considered as a passive means to simply control subunits availability at the plasma membrane, an array of new evidence establishes IFNAR endocytosis as an active contributor to the regulation of signal transduction triggered by IFN binding to IFNAR. During its complex journey initiated at the plasma membrane, the internalized IFNAR complex, i.e. IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 subunits, will experience post-translational modifications and recruit specific effectors. These finely tuned interactions will determine not only IFNAR subunits destiny (lysosomal degradation vs. plasma membrane recycling) but also the control of IFN-induced signal transduction. Finally, the IFNAR system perfectly illustrates the paradigm of the crosstalk between membrane trafficking and intracellular signaling. Investigating the complexity of IFN receptor intracellular routes is therefore necessary to reveal new insight into the role of IFNAR membrane dynamics in type I IFNs signaling selectivity and biological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Zanin
- NDORMS, The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christine Viaris de Lesegno
- Institut Curie-Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signalling Laboratory, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Institut Curie-Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signalling Laboratory, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, Paris, France
| | - Cedric M Blouin
- Institut Curie-Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signalling Laboratory, Paris, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Daniloski Z, Jordan TX, Wessels HH, Hoagland DA, Kasela S, Legut M, Maniatis S, Mimitou EP, Lu L, Geller E, Danziger O, Rosenberg BR, Phatnani H, Smibert P, Lappalainen T, tenOever BR, Sanjana NE. Identification of Required Host Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Human Cells. Cell 2021; 184:92-105.e16. [PMID: 33147445 PMCID: PMC7584921 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To better understand host-virus genetic dependencies and find potential therapeutic targets for COVID-19, we performed a genome-scale CRISPR loss-of-function screen to identify host factors required for SARS-CoV-2 viral infection of human alveolar epithelial cells. Top-ranked genes cluster into distinct pathways, including the vacuolar ATPase proton pump, Retromer, and Commander complexes. We validate these gene targets using several orthogonal methods such as CRISPR knockout, RNA interference knockdown, and small-molecule inhibitors. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we identify shared transcriptional changes in cholesterol biosynthesis upon loss of top-ranked genes. In addition, given the key role of the ACE2 receptor in the early stages of viral entry, we show that loss of RAB7A reduces viral entry by sequestering the ACE2 receptor inside cells. Overall, this work provides a genome-scale, quantitative resource of the impact of the loss of each host gene on fitness/response to viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zharko Daniloski
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tristan X Jordan
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hans-Hermann Wessels
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daisy A Hoagland
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silva Kasela
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mateusz Legut
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Eleni P Mimitou
- Technology Innovation Lab, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan Geller
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oded Danziger
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brad R Rosenberg
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peter Smibert
- Technology Innovation Lab, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tuuli Lappalainen
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin R tenOever
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Neville E Sanjana
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Homma Y, Hiragi S, Fukuda M. Rab family of small GTPases: an updated view on their regulation and functions. FEBS J 2021; 288:36-55. [PMID: 32542850 PMCID: PMC7818423 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Rab family of small GTPases regulates intracellular membrane trafficking by orchestrating the biogenesis, transport, tethering, and fusion of membrane-bound organelles and vesicles. Like other small GTPases, Rabs cycle between two states, an active (GTP-loaded) state and an inactive (GDP-loaded) state, and their cycling is catalyzed by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). Because an active form of each Rab localizes on a specific organelle (or vesicle) and recruits various effector proteins to facilitate each step of membrane trafficking, knowing when and where Rabs are activated and what effectors Rabs recruit is crucial to understand their functions. Since the discovery of Rabs, they have been regarded as one of the central hubs for membrane trafficking, and numerous biochemical and genetic studies have revealed the mechanisms of Rab functions in recent years. The results of these studies have included the identification and characterization of novel GEFs, GAPs, and effectors, as well as post-translational modifications, for example, phosphorylation, of Rabs. Rab functions beyond the simple effector-recruiting model are also emerging. Furthermore, the recently developed CRISPR/Cas technology has enabled acceleration of knockout analyses in both animals and cultured cells and revealed previously unknown physiological roles of many Rabs. In this review article, we provide the most up-to-date and comprehensive lists of GEFs, GAPs, effectors, and knockout phenotypes of mammalian Rabs and discuss recent findings in regard to their regulation and functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Homma
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking MechanismsDepartment of Integrative Life SciencesGraduate School of Life SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Shu Hiragi
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking MechanismsDepartment of Integrative Life SciencesGraduate School of Life SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| | - Mitsunori Fukuda
- Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking MechanismsDepartment of Integrative Life SciencesGraduate School of Life SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiJapan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Aliskiren Reduces the Adrenal Zona Glomerulosa Apoptosis and Autophagy in Wistar Rats with 2K1C Hypertension. Int J Hypertens 2020; 2020:7684849. [PMID: 33145109 PMCID: PMC7596424 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7684849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a disease classified as primary or secondary, manifested not only by elevation of blood pressure but also involved in structural and functional changes of target organs. Renal artery stenosis is a leading factor of secondary hypertension, and its progress is associated with overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Aliskiren is a renin inhibiting drug that suppresses RAAS and culminates in decreased renin release, plasma angiotensin II concentration, and inhibition of aldosterone secretion. In this sense, the aim of the present study was to analyze the structural and ultrastructural morphophysiology of the adrenal glomerular zone, after treatment with aliskiren in Wistar rats with 2K1C hypertension. Parameters as structure and ultrastructure of the adrenal glomerular zone, cellular apoptosis, nuclear cell proliferation, and AT1 receptor expression were analyzed by immunostaining and electron microscopy. Our results showed that the hypertensive animals treated with aliskiren presented a reestablishment of AT1 receptor expression and decrease in apoptosis and autophagy. In addition, treatment with aliskiren improves the cell aspects in the adrenal glomerular zone, evidenced by ultrastructural analysis through preserved nuclei and well-developed mitochondria. Therefore, our evidence suggests that aliskiren has a beneficial effect on the adrenal glomerular zone remodeling in animals with renovascular hypertension.
Collapse
|
19
|
Romano R, Rivellini C, De Luca M, Tonlorenzi R, Beli R, Manganelli F, Nolano M, Santoro L, Eskelinen EL, Previtali SC, Bucci C. Alteration of the late endocytic pathway in Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2B disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:351-372. [PMID: 32280996 PMCID: PMC7867545 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The small GTPase RAB7A regulates late stages of the endocytic pathway and plays specific roles in neurons, controlling neurotrophins trafficking and signaling, neurite outgrowth and neuronal migration. Mutations in the RAB7A gene cause the autosomal dominant Charcot–Marie–Tooth type 2B (CMT2B) disease, an axonal peripheral neuropathy. As several neurodegenerative diseases are caused by alterations of endocytosis, we investigated whether CMT2B-causing mutations correlate with changes in this process. To this purpose, we studied the endocytic pathway in skin fibroblasts from healthy and CMT2B individuals. We found higher expression of late endocytic proteins in CMT2B cells compared to control cells, as well as higher activity of cathepsins and higher receptor degradation activity. Consistently, we observed an increased number of lysosomes, accompanied by higher lysosomal degradative activity in CMT2B cells. Furthermore, we found increased migration and increased RAC1 and MMP-2 activation in CMT2B compared to control cells. To validate these data, we obtained sensory neurons from patient and control iPS cells, to confirm increased lysosomal protein expression and lysosomal activity in CMT2B-derived neurons. Altogether, these results demonstrate that in CMT2B patient-derived cells, the endocytic degradative pathway is altered, suggesting that higher lysosomal activity contributes to neurodegeneration occurring in CMT2B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Romano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Cristina Rivellini
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria De Luca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Rossana Tonlorenzi
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Beli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Fiore Manganelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Nolano
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
- Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Institute of Telese Terme, Benevento, Italy
| | - Lucio Santoro
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefano C Previtali
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSPE), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang WL, Su SH, Wong KY, Yang CW, Liu CF, Yu MJ. Rab7 involves Vps35 to mediate AQP2 sorting and apical trafficking in collecting duct cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F956-F970. [PMID: 32088968 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00297.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is a vasopressin-regulated water channel protein responsible for osmotic water reabsorption by kidney collecting ducts. In response to vasopressin, AQP2 traffics from intracellular vesicles to the apical plasma membrane of collecting duct principal cells, where it increases water permeability and, hence, water reabsorption. Despite continuing efforts, gaps remain in our knowledge of vasopressin-regulated AQP2 trafficking. Here, we studied the functions of two retromer complex proteins, small GTPase Rab7 and vacuolar protein sorting 35 (Vps35), in vasopressin-induced AQP2 trafficking in a collecting duct cell model (mpkCCD cells). We showed that upon vasopressin removal, apical AQP2 returned to Rab5-positive early endosomes before joining Rab11-positive recycling endosomes. In response to vasopressin, Rab11-associated AQP2 trafficked to the apical plasma membrane before Rab5-associated AQP2 did so. Rab7 knockdown resulted in AQP2 accumulation in early endosomes and impaired vasopressin-induced apical AQP2 trafficking. In response to vasopressin, Rab7 transiently colocalized with Rab5, indicative of a role of Rab7 in AQP2 sorting in early endosomes before trafficking to the apical membrane. Rab7-mediated apical AQP2 trafficking in response to vasopressin required GTPase activity. When Vps35 was knocked down, AQP2 accumulated in recycling endosomes under vehicle conditions and did not traffic to the apical plasma membrane in response to vasopressin. We conclude that Rab7 and Vps35 participate in AQP2 sorting in early endosomes under vehicle conditions and apical membrane trafficking in response to vasopressin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ling Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Su
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kit Yee Wong
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Wei Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Fu Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jiun Yu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Reubi JC, Fourmy D, Cordomi A, Tikhonova IG, Gigoux V. GIP receptor: Expression in neuroendocrine tumours, internalization, signalling from endosomes and structure-function relationship studies. Peptides 2020; 125:170229. [PMID: 31857104 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
GIP is well known as a peptide regulating metabolic functions. In this review paper, we summarize a series of data on GIP receptor (GIPR). First, expression study of GIPR in human neuroendocrine tumours showed a very high incidence (nearly 100%) and a high density in both functional and non functional pancreatic tumours, ileal tumours, bronchial tumours and medullary thyroid carcinomas. Then, data on internalization of GIPR following stimulation by GIP are reported. Rapid and abundant internalization of GIPR also found in tumor pancreatic endocrine cells opens the possibility of tumor imaging and eradication using radiolabeled GIP. Interestingly, internalized GIPR continues to signal in early endosomes stimulating production of cAMP and activation of PKA, thus, supporting the view that GIPR signals from both plasma membrane and vesicles of internalization. At last, we summarize data from studies using in synergy molecular modeling and site-directed mutagenesis, which identified crucial amino acids of transmembrane domains of GIPR involved in GIPR binding site of GIP and/or in its activation and coupling to Gs protein. All together, these last molecular data may help to better understand structure-activity relationship data on GIP and GIPR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Claude Reubi
- Cell Biology and Experimental Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Berne, CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel Fourmy
- LPCNO, ERL 1226 INSERM, Université De Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, 135 Avenue De RAngueil, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Arnau Cordomi
- Laboratori De Medicina Computacional, Unitat De Bioestadística, Facultat De Medicina, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Irina G Tikhonova
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Véronique Gigoux
- LPCNO, ERL 1226 INSERM, Université De Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, UPS, 135 Avenue De RAngueil, 31077 Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vorberg IM. All the Same? The Secret Life of Prion Strains within Their Target Cells. Viruses 2019; 11:v11040334. [PMID: 30970585 DOI: 10.3390/v11040334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prions are infectious β-sheet-rich protein aggregates composed of misfolded prion protein (PrPSc) that do not possess coding nucleic acid. Prions replicate by recruiting and converting normal cellular PrPC into infectious isoforms. In the same host species, prion strains target distinct brain regions and cause different disease phenotypes. Prion strains are associated with biophysically distinct PrPSc conformers, suggesting that strain properties are enciphered within alternative PrPSc quaternary structures. So far it is unknown how prion strains target specific cells and initiate productive infections. Deeper mechanistic insight into the prion life cycle came from cell lines permissive to a range of different prion strains. Still, it is unknown why certain cell lines are refractory to infection by one strain but permissive to another. While pharmacologic and genetic manipulations revealed subcellular compartments involved in prion replication, little is known about strain-specific requirements for endocytic trafficking pathways. This review summarizes our knowledge on how prions replicate within their target cells and on strain-specific differences in prion cell biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ina M Vorberg
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE e.V.), Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 27, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
USP32 regulates late endosomal transport and recycling through deubiquitylation of Rab7. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1454. [PMID: 30926795 PMCID: PMC6440979 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal system is a highly dynamic multifunctional organelle, whose complexity is regulated in part by reversible ubiquitylation. Despite the wide-ranging influence of ubiquitin in endosomal processes, relatively few enzymes utilizing ubiquitin have been described to control endosome integrity and function. Here we reveal the deubiquitylating enzyme (DUB) ubiquitin-specific protease 32 (USP32) as a powerful player in this context. Loss of USP32 inhibits late endosome (LE) transport and recycling of LE cargos, resulting in dispersion and swelling of the late compartment. Using SILAC-based ubiquitome profiling we identify the small GTPase Rab7—the logistical centerpiece of LE biology—as a substrate of USP32. Mechanistic studies reveal that LE transport effector RILP prefers ubiquitylation-deficient Rab7, while retromer-mediated LE recycling benefits from an intact cycle of Rab7 ubiquitylation. Collectively, our observations suggest that reversible ubiquitylation helps switch Rab7 between its various functions, thereby maintaining global spatiotemporal order in the endosomal system. Though ubiquitin is known to broadly influence endosomal trafficking, few ubiquitin-utilizing enzymes targeting endosomal regulators are known. Here, the authors find that the deubiquitylating enzyme (DUB) USP32 influences endosomal membrane dynamics by deubiquitinating Rab7.
Collapse
|
24
|
Mohapatra G, Gaur P, Mujagond P, Singh M, Rana S, Pratap S, Kaur N, Verma S, Krishnan V, Singh N, Srikanth CV. A SUMOylation-dependent switch of RAB7 governs intracellular life and pathogenesis of Salmonella Typhimurium. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.222612. [PMID: 30510112 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium is an intracellular pathogen that causes gastroenteritis in humans. Aided by a battery of effector proteins, S. Typhimurium resides intracellularly in a specialized vesicle, called the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) that utilizes the host endocytic vesicular transport pathway (VTP). Here, we probed the possible role of SUMOylation, a post-translation modification pathway, in SCV biology. Proteome analysis by complex mass-spectrometry (MS/MS) revealed a dramatically altered SUMO-proteome (SUMOylome) in S. Typhimurium-infected cells. RAB7, a component of VTP, was key among several crucial proteins identified in our study. Detailed MS/MS assays, in vitro SUMOylation assays and structural docking analysis revealed SUMOylation of RAB7 (RAB7A) specifically at lysine 175. A SUMOylation-deficient RAB7 mutant (RAB7K175R) displayed longer half-life, was beneficial to SCV dynamics and functionally deficient. Collectively, the data revealed that RAB7 SUMOylation blockade by S. Typhimurium ensures availability of long-lived but functionally compromised RAB7, which was beneficial to the pathogen. Overall, this SUMOylation-dependent switch of RAB7 controlled by S. Typhimurium is an unexpected mode of VTP pathway regulation, and unveils a mechanism of broad interest well beyond Salmonella-host crosstalk. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayatree Mohapatra
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001 Haryana (NCR Delhi), India.,Manipal Acadamy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Preksha Gaur
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001 Haryana (NCR Delhi), India
| | - Prabhakar Mujagond
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001 Haryana (NCR Delhi), India
| | - Mukesh Singh
- Pediatric Biology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad - Gurgaon Expressway, PO box #04, Faridabad - 121001 Haryana, India
| | - Sarika Rana
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001 Haryana (NCR Delhi), India.,Manipal Acadamy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Shivendra Pratap
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001 Haryana (NCR Delhi), India
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Smriti Verma
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Building 114, 16th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Vengadesan Krishnan
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001 Haryana (NCR Delhi), India
| | - Nirpendra Singh
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001 Haryana (NCR Delhi), India
| | - C V Srikanth
- Laboratory of Gut Inflammation and Infection Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001 Haryana (NCR Delhi), India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mayorga LS, Cebrian I, Verma M, Hoops S, Bassaganya-Riera J. Reconstruction of endosomal organization and function by a combination of ODE and agent-based modeling strategies. Biol Direct 2018; 13:25. [PMID: 30621747 PMCID: PMC6883406 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-018-0227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reproducing cell processes using an in silico system is an essential tool for understanding the underlying mechanisms and emergent properties of this extraordinary complex biological machine. However, computational models are seldom applied in the field of intracellular trafficking. In a cell, numerous molecular interactions occur on the surface or in the interior of membrane-bound compartments that continually change position and undergo dynamic processes of fusion and fission. At present, the available simulation tools are not suitable to develop models that incorporate the dynamic evolution of the cell organelles. RESULTS We developed a modeling platform combining Repast (Agent-Based Modeling, ABM) and COPASI (Differential Equations, ODE) that can be used to reproduce complex networks of molecular interactions. These interactions occur in dynamic cell organelles that change position and composition over the course of time. These two modeling strategies are fundamentally different and comprise of complementary capabilities. The ODEs can easily model the networks of molecular interactions, signaling cascades, and complex metabolic reactions. On the other hand, ABM software is especially suited to simulate the movement, interaction, fusion, and fission of dynamic organelles. We used the combined ABM-ODE platform to simulate the transport of soluble and membrane-associated cargoes that move along an endocytic route composed of early, sorting, recycling and late endosomes. We showed that complex processes that strongly depend on transport can be modeled. As an example, the hydrolysis of a GM2-like glycolipid was programmed by adding a trans-Golgi network compartment, lysosomal enzyme trafficking, endosomal acidification, and cholesterol processing to the simulation model. CONCLUSIONS The model captures the highly dynamic nature of cell compartments that fuse and divide, creating different conditions for each organelle. We expect that this modeling strategy will be useful to understand the logic underlying the organization and function of the endomembrane system. REVIEWERS This article was reviewed by Drs. Rafael Fernández-Chacón, James Faeder, and Thomas Simmen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis S Mayorga
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, IHEM (Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET), Casilla de Correo 56, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Ignacio Cebrian
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, IHEM (Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET), Casilla de Correo 56, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Meghna Verma
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Stefan Hoops
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.,Biocomplexity Institute and Initiative University of Virginia, 995 Research Park Boulevard, Charlottesville, VA, 22911, USA
| | - Josep Bassaganya-Riera
- Nutritional Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Biocomplexity Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ismail S, Gigoux V, Fourmy D. [Internalized receptor for glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide stimulates adenylyl cyclase on early endosomes]. Biol Aujourdhui 2018; 212:13-19. [PMID: 30362451 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2018018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors represent the largest family of membrane receptors. G-protein dependent signal of GPCR is classically thought to originate exclusively from the plasma membrane and, until very recently, internalized GPCRs were considered silent. At present, experimental proofs exist showing that GPCR can continue to signal via G proteins after internalization. We demonstrated that, once internalized in early endosomes, Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Peptide Receptor (GIPR) continues to stimulate production of cAMP and activate PKA. In addition to indirect proofs showing that kinetics of cAMP production and PKA activation depend on internalization and GIPR trafficking, we identified the active form of Gαs on early endosomes containing GIPR and detected a distinct FRET signal accounting for cAMP production at the surface of endosomes containing GIP, relative to endosomes without GIP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadek Ismail
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), équipe RTTC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, 31432 Toulouse cedex, France - INSERM ERL1226, Receptors and Therapeutic Targeting of Cancers, Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Gigoux
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), équipe RTTC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, 31432 Toulouse cedex, France - INSERM ERL1226, Receptors and Therapeutic Targeting of Cancers, Toulouse, France
| | - Daniel Fourmy
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), équipe RTTC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, 1 avenue Jean Poulhès, 31432 Toulouse cedex, France - INSERM ERL1226, Receptors and Therapeutic Targeting of Cancers, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wu J, Cheng D, Liu L, Lv Z, Liu K. TBC1D15 affects glucose uptake by regulating GLUT4 translocation. Gene 2018; 683:210-215. [PMID: 30316925 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Glucose transport into skeletal muscle is mediated by the principal glucose transporter protein, GLUT4, which can be transported from intracellular vesicles to the cytoplasmic membrane, and the translocation of GLUT4 vesicles requires a variety of Rab proteins. Previously we reported a new type of TBC1D15 from C. plagiosum with Rab-GAP activity for Rab7. Here we reported that TBC1D15 regulated glucose uptake by affecting the translocation of GLUT4 through late endosomal pathway. When TBC1D15 was knocked out by CRISPR/Cas9, a significant reduction in 2-NBDG uptake was observed, and the total amount of GLUT4 was significantly reduced in TBC1D15-/- cells compared to that in WT cells. Furthermore, concentrated distribution of Rab7 in Lamp1-decorated late endosome/lysosome and an increase in co-localization between GLUT4 and Rab7 was observed in TBC1D15-/- cells. These results suggested that TBC1D15 served as a master regulator in GLUT4 translocation and further affected GLUT4-mediated glucose uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dandan Cheng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhengbing Lv
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kuancheng Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Szczepanski A, Owczarek K, Milewska A, Baster Z, Rajfur Z, Mitchell JA, Pyrc K. Canine respiratory coronavirus employs caveolin-1-mediated pathway for internalization to HRT-18G cells. Vet Res 2018; 49:55. [PMID: 29970183 PMCID: PMC6029178 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0551-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV), identified in 2003, is a member of the Coronaviridae family. The virus is a betacoronavirus and a close relative of human coronavirus OC43 and bovine coronavirus. Here, we examined entry of CRCoV into human rectal tumor cells (HRT-18G cell line) by analyzing co-localization of single virus particles with cellular markers in the presence or absence of chemical inhibitors of pathways potentially involved in virus entry. We also targeted these pathways using siRNA. The results show that the virus hijacks caveolin-dependent endocytosis to enter cells via endocytic internalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Szczepanski
- Virogenetics, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Owczarek
- Virogenetics, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Milewska
- Virogenetics, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Baster
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zenon Rajfur
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Judy A Mitchell
- Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK
| | - Krzysztof Pyrc
- Virogenetics, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. .,Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Charfi I, Abdallah K, Gendron L, Pineyro G. Delta opioid receptors recycle to the membrane after sorting to the degradation path. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2257-2271. [PMID: 29288293 PMCID: PMC11105734 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Soon after internalization delta opioid receptors (DOPrs) are committed to the degradation path by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-associated binding protein. Here we provide evidence that this classical post-endocytic itinerary may be rectified by downstream sorting decisions which allow DOPrs to regain to the membrane after having reached late endosomes (LE). The LE sorting mechanism involved ESCRT accessory protein Alix and the TIP47/Rab9 retrieval complex which supported translocation of the receptor to the TGN, from where it subsequently regained the cell membrane. Preventing DOPrs from completing this itinerary precipitated acute analgesic tolerance to the agonist DPDPE, supporting the relevance of this recycling path in maintaining the analgesic response by this receptor. Taken together, these findings reveal a post-endocytic itinerary where GPCRs that have been sorted for degradation can still recycle to the membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iness Charfi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Ste-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Khaled Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology-physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Department of Pharmacology-physiology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Graciela Pineyro
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1J4, Canada.
- Ste-Justine Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1C5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ding X, Zhang W, Zhao T, Yan C, Du H. Rab7 GTPase controls lipid metabolic signaling in myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30123-30137. [PMID: 28415797 PMCID: PMC5444731 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal acid lipase (LAL) is a critical neutral lipid metabolic enzyme that regulates metabolic reprogramming in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) through over-activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Affymetrix GeneChip microarray analysis of MDSCs from LAL deficient mouse (lal−/−) revealed upregulation of Rab7 GTPase protein, which belongs to a superfamily of small-molecular-weight GTPase known to regulate intracellular membrane trafficking from early to late endosomes and lysosomes. Here, the physical protein-protein interaction between Rab7 GTPase and mTOR has been detected by co-immunoprecipitation in the cell extract of wild type HD1A and lal−/− MDSC-like HD1B myeloid cell lines. The GST pull down assay using the recombinant GST-Rab7 GTPase fusion protein showed that Rab7 GTPase interacts with the mTOR N-terminal heat repeat domain. Rab7 GTPase siRNA knocking down reversed the altered lysosome/mTOR distribution and expression levels in HD1B cells. Rab7 GTPase siRNA knocking down in isolated bone marrow lal−/− MDSCs or HD1B cells not only reduced over-activation of mTOR and its downstream effector S6, but also decreased glucose consumption, decreased ROS over-production, and increased healthy mitochondria by membrane potential measurement. Inhibition of Rab7 GTPase led to reduced lal−/− MDSCs differentiation from bone marrow Lin− progenitor cells, reduced lal−/− MDSCs trans-endothelial migration, and reversed lal−/− MDSCs suppression of T cell proliferation. Furthermore, inhibition of Rab7 GTPase reduced lal−/− MDSCs ability to stimulate tumor cell proliferation in vitro, tumor growth in vivo, and tumor invasion. Together, these results showed that Rab7 GTPase is critically involved in MDSCs homeostasis and pathogenic functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinchun Ding
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,IU Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Omtri RS, Thompson KJ, Tang X, Gali CC, Panzenboeck U, Davidson MW, Kalari KR, Kandimalla KK. Differential Effects of Alzheimer’s Disease Aβ40 and 42 on Endocytosis and Intraneuronal Trafficking. Neuroscience 2018; 373:159-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
32
|
Makaraci P, Kim K. trans-Golgi network-bound cargo traffic. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 97:137-149. [PMID: 29398202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cargo following the retrograde trafficking are sorted at endosomes to be targeted the trans-Golgi network (TGN), a central receiving organelle. Though molecular requirements and their interaction networks have been somewhat established, the complete understanding of the intricate nature of their action mechanisms in every step of the retrograde traffic pathway remains unachieved. This review focuses on elucidating known functions of key regulators, including scission factors at the endosome and tethering/fusion mediators at the receiving dock, TGN, as well as a diverse range of cargo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Makaraci
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO 65807, USA
| | - Kyoungtae Kim
- Department of Biology, Missouri State University, 901 S National Ave., Springfield, MO 65807, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yap CC, Digilio L, McMahon L, Winckler B. The endosomal neuronal proteins Nsg1/NEEP21 and Nsg2/P19 are itinerant, not resident proteins of dendritic endosomes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10481. [PMID: 28874679 PMCID: PMC5585371 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane traffic critically regulates most aspects of neuronal function. Neurons express many neuronal-specific proteins that regulate membrane traffic, including the poorly understood small transmembrane proteins neural-specific gene 1 and 2 (Nsg1/NEEP21 and Nsg2/P19). Nsg1 has been implicated in regulating endosomal recycling and sorting of several important neuronal receptors. Nsg2 is largely unstudied. At steady-state, Nsg1 and Nsg2 only partially co-localize with known endosomal compartments, and it was suggested that they mark a neuronal-specific endosome. Since Nsg1 localizes to and functions in the dendritic endosome, we set out to discover how Nsg1 and Nsg2 localization to endosomes is regulated in primary rat hippocampal neurons, using quadruple immunolocalization against endogenous proteins, live imaging of dendritic endosomes, and interference approaches against the endosomal regulators Rab5 and Rab7. In contrast to previous conclusions, we now show that Nsg1 and Nsg2 are not resident endosomal proteins, but traffic rapidly from the cell surface to lysosomes and have a half-life of less than two hours. Their partial co-localization with canonical endosomal markers thus reflects their rapid flux towards degradation rather than specific targeting to a singular compartment. These findings will require rethinking of how this class of endosomal proteins regulates trafficking of much longer-lived receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Choo Yap
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Laura Digilio
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Lloyd McMahon
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Bettina Winckler
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu K, Xing R, Jian Y, Gao Z, Ma X, Sun X, Li Y, Xu M, Wang X, Jing Y, Guo W, Yang C. WDR91 is a Rab7 effector required for neuronal development. J Cell Biol 2017; 216:3307-3321. [PMID: 28860274 PMCID: PMC5626554 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201705151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Early-to-late endosome conversion involves switching of early endosomes Rab5 and PtdIns3P to late endosomes Rab7 and PtdIns(3,5)P2. Liu et al. identify WDR91 as a Rab7 effector that couples Rab switching with PtdIns3P down-regulation on endosomes and show that WDR91 is essential for neuronal development. Early-to-late endosome conversion, which is essential for delivery of endosomal cargoes to lysosomes, requires switching of early endosome–specific Rab5 and PtdIns3P to late endosome–specific Rab7 and PtdIns(3,5)P2. In this study, we identify the WD40-repeat protein WDR91 as a Rab7 effector that couples Rab switching with PtdIns3P down-regulation on endosomes. Loss of WDR91 greatly increases endosomal PtdIns3P levels, arresting endosomes at an intermediate stage and blocking endosomal–lysosomal trafficking. WDR91 is recruited to endosomes by interacting with active guanosine triphosophate–Rab7 and inhibits Rab7-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity. In mice, global Wdr91 knockout causes neonatal death, whereas brain-specific Wdr91 inactivation impairs brain development and causes postnatal death. Mouse neurons lacking Wdr91 accumulate giant intermediate endosomes and exhibit reduced neurite length and complexity. These phenotypes are rescued by WDR91 but not WDR91 mutants that cannot interact with Rab7. Thus, WDR91 serves as a Rab7 effector that is essential for neuronal development by facilitating endosome conversion in the endosome–lysosome pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruxiao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Youli Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Ma
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yudong Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weixiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chonglin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China .,State Key Laboratory of Natural Resource Conservation and Utilization in Yunnan and Center for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Takahashi K, Mashima H, Miura K, Maeda D, Goto A, Goto T, Sun-Wada GH, Wada Y, Ohnishi H. Disruption of Small GTPase Rab7 Exacerbates the Severity of Acute Pancreatitis in Experimental Mouse Models. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2817. [PMID: 28588238 PMCID: PMC5460112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02988-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aberrations of intracellular vesicle transport systems towards lysosomes including autophagy and endocytosis are involved in the onset and progression of acute pancreatitis, the molecular mechanisms underlying such aberrations remain unclear. The pathways of autophagy and endocytosis are closely related, and Rab7 plays crucial roles in both. In this study, we analyzed the function of Rab7 in acute pancreatitis using pancreas-specific Rab7 knockout (Rab7Δpan) mice. In Rab7Δpan pancreatic acinar cells, the maturation steps of both endosomes and autophagosomes were deteriorated, and the lysosomal functions were affected. In experimental models of acute pancreatitis, the histopathological severity, serum amylase concentration and intra-pancreatic trypsin activity were significantly higher in Rab7Δpan mice than in wild-type mice. Furthermore, the autophagy process was blocked in Rab7Δpan pancreas compared with wild-type mice. In addition, larger autophagic vacuoles that colocalize with early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1) but not with lysosomal-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-1 were much more frequently formed in Rab7Δpan pancreatic acinar cells. Accordingly, Rab7 deficiency exacerbates the severity of acute pancreatitis by impairing the autophagic and endocytic pathways toward lysosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hirosato Mashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kouichi Miura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Daichi Maeda
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiteru Goto
- Department of Cellular and Organ Pathology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takashi Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Ge-Hong Sun-Wada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoh Wada
- Division of Biological Science, Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirohide Ohnishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Japan.
- Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kanagawa, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Connan C, Voillequin M, Chavez CV, Mazuet C, Leveque C, Vitry S, Vandewalle A, Popoff MR. Botulinum neurotoxin type B uses a distinct entry pathway mediated by CDC42 into intestinal cells versus neuronal cells. Cell Microbiol 2017; 19. [PMID: 28296078 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are responsible for severe flaccid paralysis by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junctions. BoNT type B (BoNT/B) most often induces mild forms of botulism with predominant dysautonomic symptoms. In food borne botulism and botulism by intestinal colonisation such as infant botulism, which are the most frequent naturally acquired forms of botulism, the digestive tract is the main entry route of BoNTs into the organism. We previously showed that BoNT/B translocates through mouse intestinal barrier by an endocytosis-dependent mechanism and subsequently targets neuronal cells, mainly cholinergic neurons, in the intestinal mucosa and musculosa. Here, we investigated the entry pathway of BoNT/B using fluorescent C-terminal domain of the heavy chain (HcB), which is involved in the binding to specific receptor(s) and entry process into target cells. While the combination of gangliosides GD1a /GD1b /GT1b and synaptotagmin I and to a greater extent synaptotagmin II constitutes the functional HcB receptor on NG108-15 neuronal cells, HcB only uses the gangliosides GD1a /GD1b /GT1b to efficiently bind to m-ICcl2 intestinal cells. HcB enters both cell types by a dynamin-dependent endocytosis, which is efficiently prevented by Dynasore, a dynamin inhibitor, and reaches a common early endosomal compartment labeled by early endosome antigen (EEA1). In contrast to neuronal cells, HcB uses a Cdc42-dependent pathway to enter intestinal cells. Then, HcB is transported to late endosomes in neuronal cells, whereas it exploits a nonacidified pathway from apical to basal lateral side of m-ICcl2 cells supporting a transcytotic route in epithelial intestinal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Connan
- Bactéries anaérobies et Toxines, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marie Voillequin
- Bactéries anaérobies et Toxines, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Christian Leveque
- INSERM, UMR_S 1072 (UNIS), Faculté de Médecine -Secteur Nord, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Vitry
- Neuro-Immunologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Michel R Popoff
- Bactéries anaérobies et Toxines, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rodriguez L, Mohamed NV, Desjardins A, Lippé R, Fon EA, Leclerc N. Rab7A regulates tau secretion. J Neurochem 2017; 141:592-605. [PMID: 28222213 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The axonal microtubule-associated protein TAU, involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD), can be found in the extracellular space where it could be taken up by neurons, an event that is believed to contribute to the propagation of tau pathology in the brain. Since the small GTPase Rab7A is involved in the trafficking of endosomes, autophagosomes, and lysosomes, and RAB7A gene expression and protein levels are up-regulated in AD patients, we tested the hypothesis that Rab7A was involved in tau secretion. We previously reported that both primary cortical neurons and HeLa cells over-expressing human TAU can release tau. Using these two cellular systems, we demonstrated that Rab7A regulates tau secretion. Upon Rab7A deletion, tau secretion was decreased. Consistent with this, the over-expression of a dominant negative and a constitutively active form of Rab7A decreased and increased tau secretion, respectively. A partial co-localization of tau and Rab7-positive structures in both neurons and HeLa cells indicated that a late endosomal compartment could be involved in its secretion. Collectively, the present data indicate that Rab7A regulates tau secretion and therefore the up-regulation of RAB7A reported in AD, could contribute to the extracellular accumulation of pathological TAU species that could result in the propagation of tau pathology in the AD brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Rodriguez
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,CNS Research Group (GRSNC), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nguyen-Vi Mohamed
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,CNS Research Group (GRSNC), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandre Desjardins
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,CNS Research Group (GRSNC), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Roger Lippé
- Département de pathologie et biologie cellulaire, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Edward A Fon
- McGill Parkinson Program, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicole Leclerc
- Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada.,CNS Research Group (GRSNC), Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Priya A, Sugatha J, Parveen S, Lacas-gervais S, Raj P, Gilleron J, Datta S. Essential and selective role of SNX12 in transport of endocytic and retrograde cargo. J Cell Sci 2017; 130:2707-2721. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.201905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The endosomal protein sorting machineries play vital roles in diverse physiologically important cellular processes. Much of the core membrane sorting apparatus are conserved in evolution, such as retromer, involved in the recycling of a diverse set of cargoes via retrograde trafficking route. Here, using a RNAi based loss of function study, we identified that SNX12 when suppressed, leads to severe blockage in CIM6PR transport and alters the morphology of the endocytic compartments. We demonstrate that SNX12 is involved in the early phase of CIM6PR transport and mediates receptor recycling upstream of the other well established SNX components of retromer. Ultra-structural analysis revealed that SNX12 resides on tubulo-vesicular structures, inspite of lacking a BAR domain. Further, we illustrate that SNX12 plays a key role in intraluminal vesicle formation and in the maturation of a sub-population of early endosomes to late endosomes thereby regulating selective endocytic transport of cargo for degradation. This study therefore provides evidence for the existence of early endosomal sub-populations, which have differential roles in sorting of the cargoes along endocytic degradative pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Priya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462023, India
| | - Jini Sugatha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462023, India
| | - Sameena Parveen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462023, India
| | - Sandra Lacas-gervais
- Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée, Université Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Prateek Raj
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Jérôme Gilleron
- INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire C3M, Nice, France
| | - Sunando Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal-462023, India
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chmiest D, Sharma N, Zanin N, Viaris de Lesegno C, Shafaq-Zadah M, Sibut V, Dingli F, Hupé P, Wilmes S, Piehler J, Loew D, Johannes L, Schreiber G, Lamaze C. Spatiotemporal control of interferon-induced JAK/STAT signalling and gene transcription by the retromer complex. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13476. [PMID: 27917878 PMCID: PMC5150223 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Type-I interferons (IFNs) play a key role in the immune defences against viral and bacterial infections, and in cancer immunosurveillance. We have established that clathrin-dependent endocytosis of the type-I interferon (IFN-α/β) receptor (IFNAR) is required for JAK/STAT signalling. Here we show that the internalized IFNAR1 and IFNAR2 subunits of the IFNAR complex are differentially sorted by the retromer at the early endosome. Binding of the retromer VPS35 subunit to IFNAR2 results in IFNAR2 recycling to the plasma membrane, whereas IFNAR1 is sorted to the lysosome for degradation. Depletion of VPS35 leads to abnormally prolonged residency and association of the IFNAR subunits at the early endosome, resulting in increased activation of STAT1- and IFN-dependent gene transcription. These experimental data establish the retromer complex as a key spatiotemporal regulator of IFNAR endosomal sorting and a new factor in type-I IFN-induced JAK/STAT signalling and gene transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Chmiest
- Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1143, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nanaocha Sharma
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Natacha Zanin
- Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1143, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christine Viaris de Lesegno
- Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1143, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Massiullah Shafaq-Zadah
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1143, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, 75005 Paris, France
- Endocytic Trafficking and Intracellular Delivery Laboratory, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Vonick Sibut
- Bioinformatics and Computational Systems Biology of Cancer, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, F-75248 Paris, France
- INSERM U900, 75005 Paris, France
- Mines Paris-Tech, F-75272 Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Hupé
- Bioinformatics and Computational Systems Biology of Cancer, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, F-75248 Paris, France
- INSERM U900, 75005 Paris, France
- Mines Paris-Tech, F-75272 Paris, France
- CNRS UMR144, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stephan Wilmes
- Division of Biophysics, Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49074 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Division of Biophysics, Department of Biology, University of Osnabrück, 49074 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Damarys Loew
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1143, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, 75005 Paris, France
- Endocytic Trafficking and Intracellular Delivery Laboratory, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory, Institut Curie–Centre de Recherche, PSL Research University, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1143, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 3666, 75005 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Margiotta A, Progida C, Bakke O, Bucci C. Rab7a regulates cell migration through Rac1 and vimentin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:367-381. [PMID: 27888097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Rab7a, a small GTPase of the Rab family, is localized to late endosomes and controls late endocytic trafficking. The discovery of several Rab7a interacting proteins revealed that Rab7a function is closely connected to cytoskeletal elements. Indeed, Rab7a recruits on vesicles RILP and FYCO that are responsible for the movement of Rab7a-positive vesicles and/or organelles on microtubule tracks, but also directly interacts with Rac1, a fundamental regulator of actin cytoskeleton, and with peripherin and vimentin, two intermediate filament proteins. Considering all these interactions and, in particular, the fact that Rac1 and vimentin are key factors for cellular motility, we investigated a possible role of Rab7a in cell migration. We show here that Rab7a is needed for cell migration as Rab7a depletion causes slower migration of NCI H1299 cells affecting cell velocity and directness. Rab7a depletion negatively affects adhesion and spreading onto fibronectin substrates, altering β1-integrin activation, localization and intracellular trafficking, and myosin X localization. In fact, Rab7a-depleted cells show 40% less filopodia and active integrin accumulates at the leading edge of migrating cells. Furthermore, Rab7a depletion decreases the amount of active Rac1 but not its abundance and reduces the number of cells with vimentin filaments facing the wound, indicating that Rab7a has a role in the orientation of vimentin filaments during migration. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a key role of Rab7a in the regulation of different aspects of cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azzurra Margiotta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, (DiSTeBA) University of Salento, Via Provinciale Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy; Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cinzia Progida
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Oddmund Bakke
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, (DiSTeBA) University of Salento, Via Provinciale Monteroni 165, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ismail S, Gherardi MJ, Froese A, Zanoun M, Gigoux V, Clerc P, Gaits-Iacovoni F, Steyaert J, Nikolaev VO, Fourmy D. Internalized Receptor for Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Peptide stimulates adenylyl cyclase on early endosomes. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 120:33-45. [PMID: 27641811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Until very recently, G-protein dependent signal of GPCRs was thought to originate exclusively from the plasma membrane and internalized GPCRs were considered silent. Here, we demonstrated that, once internalized and located in the membrane of early endosomes, glucose-dependent Insulinotropic receptor (GIPR) continues to trigger production of cAMP and PKA activation. Direct evidence is based on identification of the active form of Gαs in early endosomes containing GIPR using a genetically encoded GFP tagged nanobody, and on detection of a distinct FRET signal accounting for cAMP production at the surface of endosomes containing GIP, compared to endosomes without GIP. Furthermore, decrease of the sustained phase of cAMP production and PKA activation kinetics as well as reversibility of cAMP production and PKA activity following GIP washout in cells treated with a pharmacological inhibitor of GIPR internalization, and continuous increase of cAMP level over time in the presence of dominant-negative Rab7, which causes accumulation of early endosomes in cells, were noticed. Hence the GIPR joins the few GPCRs which signal through G-proteins both at plasma membrane and on endosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadek Ismail
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), team RTTC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Julie Gherardi
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), team RTTC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Alexander Froese
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Madjid Zanoun
- Cellular Imaging Facility Rangueil, INSERM U1048/I2MC, Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Gigoux
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), team RTTC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Clerc
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), team RTTC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Frederique Gaits-Iacovoni
- INSERM, UMR1048, University of Toulouse 3, Institute of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, Toulouse, France
| | - Jan Steyaert
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium; Structural Biology Research Center, VIB, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Fourmy
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), team RTTC, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INSA, INSERM, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Multiple Roles of the Small GTPase Rab7. Cells 2016; 5:cells5030034. [PMID: 27548222 PMCID: PMC5040976 DOI: 10.3390/cells5030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab7 is a small GTPase that belongs to the Rab family and controls transport to late endocytic compartments such as late endosomes and lysosomes. The mechanism of action of Rab7 in the late endocytic pathway has been extensively studied. Rab7 is fundamental for lysosomal biogenesis, positioning and functions, and for trafficking and degradation of several signaling receptors, thus also having implications on signal transduction. Several Rab7 interacting proteins have being identified leading to the discovery of a number of different important functions, beside its established role in endocytosis. Furthermore, Rab7 has specific functions in neurons. This review highlights and discusses the role and the importance of Rab7 on different cellular pathways and processes.
Collapse
|
43
|
Mahmutefendić H, Blagojević Zagorac G, Grabušić K, Karleuša L, Maćešić S, Momburg F, Lučin P. Late Endosomal Recycling of Open MHC-I Conformers. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:872-887. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Mahmutefendić
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Immunology; University of Rijeka; Rijeka Croatia
| | | | | | - Ljerka Karleuša
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Immunology; University of Rijeka; Rijeka Croatia
| | - Senka Maćešić
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mathematics, Physics, Foreign Languages and Kinesiology; University of Rijeka; Rijeka Croatia
| | - Frank Momburg
- Antigen Presentation & T/NK Cell Activation Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity; German Cancer Research Center; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Pero Lučin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Immunology; University of Rijeka; Rijeka Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
D’Souza SA, Rajendran L, Bagg R, Barbier L, van Pel DM, Moshiri H, Roy PJ. The MADD-3 LAMMER Kinase Interacts with a p38 MAP Kinase Pathway to Regulate the Display of the EVA-1 Guidance Receptor in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006010. [PMID: 27123983 PMCID: PMC4849719 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper display of transmembrane receptors on the leading edge of migrating cells and cell extensions is essential for their response to guidance cues. We previously discovered that MADD-4, which is an ADAMTSL secreted by motor neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans, interacts with an UNC-40/EVA-1 co-receptor complex on muscles to attract plasma membrane extensions called muscle arms. In nematodes, the muscle arm termini harbor the post-synaptic elements of the neuromuscular junction. Through a forward genetic screen for mutants with disrupted muscle arm extension, we discovered that a LAMMER kinase, which we call MADD-3, is required for the proper display of the EVA-1 receptor on the muscle’s plasma membrane. Without MADD-3, EVA-1 levels decrease concomitantly with a reduction of the late-endosomal marker RAB-7. Through a genetic suppressor screen, we found that the levels of EVA-1 and RAB-7 can be restored in madd-3 mutants by eliminating the function of a p38 MAP kinase pathway. We also found that EVA-1 and RAB-7 will accumulate in madd-3 mutants upon disrupting CUP-5, which is a mucolipin ortholog required for proper lysosome function. Together, our data suggests that the MADD-3 LAMMER kinase antagonizes the p38-mediated endosomal trafficking of EVA-1 to the lysosome. In this way, MADD-3 ensures that sufficient levels of EVA-1 are present to guide muscle arm extension towards the source of the MADD-4 guidance cue. In most animals, the physical meeting of the pre- and post-synaptic membranes of the neuromuscular junction occurs via axonal extension towards the muscle. In nematodes, however, motor axons do not extend towards the muscle and instead form a dorsal and ventral cord with relatively few branches. To make the physical connection, the body wall muscles extend membrane projections called muscle arms to the motor axons within the dorsal and ventral cords. Through previous genetic and biochemical analyses with the nematode C. elegans, we identified a neuronally-expressed muscle arm chemoattractant (MADD-4) and its muscle-expressed co-receptor complex (UNC-40/EVA-1). Here, we report our discovery of madd-3, which encodes a LAMMER kinase that is expressed in muscles to regulate muscle arm extension. Genetic analyses revealed that MADD-3 may inhibit a p38 MAP kinase pathway whose normal function is to decrease the abundance of the EVA-1 receptor. In the presence of MADD-3, the activity of the p38 pathway is relatively low, and EVA-1 levels are consequently relatively high. Without MADD-3, the p38 pathway is freed to decrease the abundance of EVA-1. The relationships that we have uncovered between MADD-3, the p38 Map Kinase pathway, and the EVA-1 receptor provide one explanation for the muscle arm defects observed in madd-3 mutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serena A. D’Souza
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Collaborative Programme in Developmental Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luckshi Rajendran
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Bagg
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Louis Barbier
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Derek M. van Pel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Houtan Moshiri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter J. Roy
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Collaborative Programme in Developmental Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Protein Kinase C-α is a Critical Protein for Antisense Oligonucleotide-mediated Silencing in Mammalian Cells. Mol Ther 2016; 24:1117-1125. [PMID: 26961407 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2016.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have identified the existence of a productive, PKC-α-dependent endocytotic silencing pathway that leads gymnotically-delivered locked nucleic acid (LNA)-gapmer phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) into late endosomes. By blocking the maturation of early endosomes to late endosomes, silencing the expression of PKC-α results in the potent reduction of ASO silencing ability in the cell. We have also demonstrated that silencing of gene expression in the cytoplasm is vitiated when PKC-α expression is reduced. Restoring PKC-α expression via a reconstitution experiment reinstates the ability of ASOs to silence. These results advance our understanding of intracellular ASO trafficking and activity following gymnotic delivery, and further demonstrate the existence of two distinct silencing pathways in mammalian cells, one in the cytoplasmic and the other in the nuclear compartment.
Collapse
|
46
|
Shim SY, Karri S, Law S, Schatzl HM, Gilch S. Prion infection impairs lysosomal degradation capacity by interfering with rab7 membrane attachment in neuronal cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21658. [PMID: 26865414 PMCID: PMC4749993 DOI: 10.1038/srep21658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prions are proteinaceous infectious particles which cause fatal neurodegenerative disorders in humans and animals. They consist of a mostly β-sheeted aggregated isoform (PrPSc) of the cellular prion protein (PrPc). Prions replicate autocatalytically in neurons and other cell types by inducing conformational conversion of PrPc into PrPSc. Within neurons, PrPSc accumulates at the plasma membrane and in vesicles of the endocytic pathway. To better understand the mechanisms underlying neuronal dysfunction and death it is critical to know the impact of PrPSc accumulation on cellular pathways. We have investigated the effects of prion infection on endo-lysosomal transport. Our study demonstrates that prion infection interferes with rab7 membrane association. Consequently, lysosomal maturation and degradation are impaired. Our findings indicate a mechanism induced by prion infection that supports stable prion replication. We suggest modulation of endo-lysosomal vesicle trafficking and enhancement of lysosomal maturation as novel targets for the treatment of prion diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Yeon Shim
- Dept. of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Srinivasarao Karri
- Dept. of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sampson Law
- Dept. of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Hermann M Schatzl
- Dept. of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sabine Gilch
- Dept. of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Efficient Endocytic Uptake and Maturation in Drosophila Oocytes Requires Dynamitin/p50. Genetics 2015; 201:631-49. [PMID: 26265702 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.115.180018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynactin is a multi-subunit complex that functions as a regulator of the Dynein motor. A central component of this complex is Dynamitin/p50 (Dmn). Dmn is required for endosome motility in mammalian cell lines. However, the extent to which Dmn participates in the sorting of cargo via the endosomal system is unknown. In this study, we examined the endocytic role of Dmn using the Drosophila melanogaster oocyte as a model. Yolk proteins are internalized into the oocyte via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, trafficked through the endocytic pathway, and stored in condensed yolk granules. Oocytes that were depleted of Dmn contained fewer yolk granules than controls. In addition, these oocytes accumulated numerous endocytic intermediate structures. Particularly prominent were enlarged endosomes that were relatively devoid of Yolk proteins. Ultrastructural and genetic analyses indicate that the endocytic intermediates are produced downstream of Rab5. Similar phenotypes were observed upon depleting Dynein heavy chain (Dhc) or Lis1. Dhc is the motor subunit of the Dynein complex and Lis1 is a regulator of Dynein activity. We therefore propose that Dmn performs its function in endocytosis via the Dynein motor. Consistent with a role for Dynein in endocytosis, the motor colocalized with the endocytic machinery at the oocyte cortex in an endocytosis-dependent manner. Our results suggest a model whereby endocytic activity recruits Dynein to the oocyte cortex. The motor along with its regulators, Dynactin and Lis1, functions to ensure efficient endocytic uptake and maturation.
Collapse
|
48
|
Mercer JL, Argus JP, Crabtree DM, Keenan MM, Wilks MQ, Chi JTA, Bensinger SJ, Lavau CP, Wechsler DS. Modulation of PICALM Levels Perturbs Cellular Cholesterol Homeostasis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129776. [PMID: 26075887 PMCID: PMC4467867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PICALM (Phosphatidyl Inositol Clathrin Assembly Lymphoid Myeloid protein) is a ubiquitously expressed protein that plays a role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. PICALM also affects the internalization and trafficking of SNAREs and modulates macroautophagy. Chromosomal translocations that result in the fusion of PICALM to heterologous proteins cause leukemias, and genome-wide association studies have linked PICALM Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) to Alzheimer's disease. To obtain insight into the biological role of PICALM, we performed gene expression studies of PICALM-deficient and PICALM-expressing cells. Pathway analysis demonstrated that PICALM expression influences the expression of genes that encode proteins involved in cholesterol biosynthesis and lipoprotein uptake. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) studies indicated that loss of PICALM increases cellular cholesterol pool size. Isotopic labeling studies revealed that loss of PICALM alters increased net scavenging of cholesterol. Flow cytometry analyses confirmed that internalization of the LDL receptor is enhanced in PICALM-deficient cells as a result of higher levels of LDLR expression. These findings suggest that PICALM is required for cellular cholesterol homeostasis and point to a novel mechanism by which PICALM alterations may contribute to disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L. Mercer
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Joseph P. Argus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Donna M. Crabtree
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Melissa M. Keenan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Moses Q. Wilks
- Department of Radiology, Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jen-Tsan Ashley Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Steven J. Bensinger
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Catherine P. Lavau
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Daniel S. Wechsler
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Garcia-Castillo MD, Tran T, Bobard A, Renard HF, Rathjen SJ, Dransart E, Stechmann B, Lamaze C, Lord M, Cintrat JC, Enninga J, Tartour E, Johannes L. Retrograde transport is not required for cytosolic translocation of the B-subunit of Shiga toxin. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:2373-87. [PMID: 25977475 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.169383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen-presenting cells have the remarkable capacity to transfer exogenous antigens to the cytosol for processing by proteasomes and subsequent presentation on major histocompatibility complex class-I (MHC-I) molecules, a process termed cross-presentation. This is the target of biomedical approaches that aim to trigger a therapeutic immune response. The receptor-binding B-subunit of Shiga toxin (STxB) has been developed as an antigen delivery tool for such immunotherapy applications. In this study, we have analyzed pathways and trafficking factors that are involved in this process. A covalent conjugate between STxB and saporin was generated to quantitatively sample the membrane translocation step to the cytosol in differentiated monocyte-derived THP-1 cells. We have found that retrograde trafficking to the Golgi complex was not required for STxB-saporin translocation to the cytosol or for STxB-dependent antigen cross-presentation. Depletion of endosomal Rab7 inhibited, and lowering membrane cholesterol levels favored STxB-saporin translocation. Interestingly, experiments with reducible and non-reducible linker-arm-STxB conjugates led to the conclusion that after translocation, STxB remains associated with the cytosolic membrane leaflet. In summary, we report new facets of the endosomal escape process bearing relevance to antigen cross-presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Daniela Garcia-Castillo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Endocytic Trafficking and Therapeutic Delivery Group, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France CNRS UMR3666, Paris 75005, France INSERM U1143, Paris 75005, France
| | - Thi Tran
- INSERM U970, PARCC Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75006, France Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Paris Cedex 15 75908, France
| | - Alexandre Bobard
- Dynamique des Interactions Hôte Pathogène, Institut Pasteur, Paris Cedex 15 75724, France
| | - Henri-François Renard
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Endocytic Trafficking and Therapeutic Delivery Group, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France CNRS UMR3666, Paris 75005, France INSERM U1143, Paris 75005, France
| | - Stefan J Rathjen
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Endocytic Trafficking and Therapeutic Delivery Group, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France CNRS UMR3666, Paris 75005, France INSERM U1143, Paris 75005, France
| | - Estelle Dransart
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Endocytic Trafficking and Therapeutic Delivery Group, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France CNRS UMR3666, Paris 75005, France INSERM U1143, Paris 75005, France
| | - Bahne Stechmann
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Endocytic Trafficking and Therapeutic Delivery Group, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France CNRS UMR3666, Paris 75005, France INSERM U1143, Paris 75005, France
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- CNRS UMR3666, Paris 75005, France INSERM U1143, Paris 75005, France Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche, Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signaling Group, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France
| | - Mike Lord
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - Jost Enninga
- Dynamique des Interactions Hôte Pathogène, Institut Pasteur, Paris Cedex 15 75724, France
| | - Eric Tartour
- INSERM U970, PARCC Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris 75006, France Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Paris Cedex 15 75908, France
| | - Ludger Johannes
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Endocytic Trafficking and Therapeutic Delivery Group, 26 rue d'Ulm, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France CNRS UMR3666, Paris 75005, France INSERM U1143, Paris 75005, France
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bozkurt TO, Belhaj K, Dagdas YF, Chaparro-Garcia A, Wu CH, Cano LM, Kamoun S. Rerouting of plant late endocytic trafficking toward a pathogen interface. Traffic 2015; 16:204-26. [PMID: 25430691 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of plant pathogenic and symbiotic microbes produce specialized cellular structures that invade host cells where they remain enveloped by host-derived membranes. The mechanisms underlying the biogenesis and functions of host-microbe interfaces are poorly understood. Here, we show that plant late endocytic trafficking is diverted toward the extrahaustorial membrane (EHM); a host-pathogen interface that develops in plant cells invaded by Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans. A late endosome and tonoplast marker protein Rab7 GTPase RabG3c, but not a tonoplast-localized sucrose transporter, is recruited to the EHM, suggesting specific rerouting of vacuole-targeted late endosomes to a host-pathogen interface. We revealed the dynamic nature of this process by showing that, upon activation, a cell surface immune receptor traffics toward the haustorial interface. Our work provides insight into the biogenesis of the EHM and reveals dynamic processes that recruit membrane compartments and immune receptors to this host-pathogen interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tolga O Bozkurt
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK; Current address: Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|