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Bianchi VE, von Haehling S. The treatment of chronic anemia in heart failure: a global approach. Clin Res Cardiol 2024; 113:1117-1136. [PMID: 37660308 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic anemia is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Restoring physiological hemoglobin (Hb) levels is essential to increase oxygen transport capacity to tissues and improve cell metabolism as well as physical and cardiac performance. Nutritional deficits and iron deficiency are the major causes of chronic anemia, but other etiologies include chronic kidney disease, inflammatory processes, and unexplained anemia. Hormonal therapy, including erythropoietin (EPO) and anabolic treatment in chronic anemia HF patients, may contribute to improving Hb levels and clinical outcomes. Although preliminary studies showed a beneficial effect of EPO therapy on cardiac efficiency and in HF, more recent studies have not confirmed this positive impact of EPO, alluding to its side effect profile. Physical exercise significantly increases Hb levels and the response of anemia to treatment. In malnourished patients and chronic inflammatory processes, low levels of anabolic hormones, such as testosterone and insulin-like growth factor-1, contribute to the development of chronic anemia. This paper aims to review the effect of nutrition, EPO, anabolic hormones, standard HF treatments, and exercise as regulatory mechanisms of chronic anemia and their cardiovascular consequences in patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Emanuele Bianchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Center Stella Maris, Strada Rovereta, 42, 47891, Falciano, San Marino.
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site, Göttingen, Germany
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2
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Liu Z, Li Y. Expression of the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway is upregulated to protect alveolar bone density reduction in nasal-obstructed rats. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:1053-1063. [PMID: 38235568 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia and mouth breathing are closely related to maxillofacial bone metabolism and are characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Being key factors in the hypoxia response, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and HIF-responsive gene vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are essential for bone remodeling. This study focuses on the role of the HIF-1α/VEGF pathway in alveolar bone metabolism during OSAHS. MATERIALS AND METHODS 36 three-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: twelve control rats, twelve bilateral nasal obstructed (BNO) rats, twelve BNO rats treated with intraperitoneal injection of Dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG). After two weeks, the microstructure and bone mineral density (BMD) of alveolar bone were evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in the alveolar bone were then assessed via immunohistochemistry staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin red S staining were performed to evaluate osteogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). RESULTS Significant reductions in alveolar bone density were noted in BNO rats. Bilateral nasal obstruction increased the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in alveolar bone. With upregulation of HIF-1α/VEGF via DMOG, alveolar bone density of BNO rats increased. Furthermore, DMOG promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by stabilizing the HIF-1α protein and increasing the expression of VEGF. CONCLUSION Bilateral nasal obstruction changes alveolar bone structure and leads to a reduction in alveolar bone density. Moreover, the expression of the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway increases to protect alveolar bone density reduction in BNO rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Yongming Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China.
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3
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Kumar S, Arora R, Gupta S, Ahuja N, Bhagyaraj E, Nanduri R, Kalra R, Khare AK, Kumawat S, Kaushal V, Sharma M, Gupta P. Nuclear receptor Rev-erbα role in fine-tuning erythropoietin gene expression. Blood Adv 2024; 8:3705-3717. [PMID: 38748870 PMCID: PMC11296239 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023012228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The regulation of red blood cell (RBC) homeostasis by erythropoietin (EPO) is critical for O2 transport and maintaining the adequate number of RBCs in vertebrates. Therefore, dysregulation in EPO synthesis results in disease conditions such as polycythemia in the case of excessive EPO production and anemia, which occurs when EPO is inadequately produced. EPO plays a crucial role in treating anemic patients; however, its overproduction can increase blood viscosity, potentially leading to fatal heart failure. Consequently, the identification of druggable transcription factors and their associated ligands capable of regulating EPO offers a promising therapeutic approach to address EPO-related disorders. This study unveils a novel regulatory mechanism involving 2 pivotal nuclear receptors (NRs), Rev-ERBA (Rev-erbα, is a truncation of reverse c-erbAa) and RAR-related orphan receptor A (RORα), in the control of EPO gene expression. Rev-erbα acts as a cell-intrinsic negative regulator, playing a vital role in maintaining erythropoiesis at the correct level. It accomplishes this by directly binding to newly identified response elements within the human and mouse EPO gene promoter, thereby repressing EPO production. These findings are further supported by the discovery that a Rev-erbα agonist (SR9011) effectively suppresses hypoxia-induced EPO expression in mice. In contrast, RORα functions as a positive regulator of EPO gene expression, also binding to the same response elements in the promoter to induce EPO production. Finally, the results of this study revealed that the 2 NRs, Rev-erbα and RORα, influence EPO synthesis in a negative and positive manner, respectively, suggesting that the modulating activity of these 2 NRs could provide a method to target disorders linked with EPO dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rashmi Arora
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shalini Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nancy Ahuja
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ella Bhagyaraj
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ravikanth Nanduri
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rashi Kalra
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Asheesh Kumar Khare
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Saumyata Kumawat
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vipashu Kaushal
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahathi Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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4
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Li Y, Wu S, Huang J, Zhao L. Integration of physiological, miRNA-mRNA interaction and functional analysis reveals the molecular mechanism underlying hypoxia stress tolerance in crucian carp (Carassius auratus). FASEB J 2024; 38:e23722. [PMID: 38934365 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302629rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia has become one of the most critical factors limiting the development of aquaculture. Crucian carp (Carassius auratus) is widely consumed fish in China, with excellent tolerance to hypoxic environment. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia adaptation and tolerance in crucian carp remain unclear. Compared with the control, increased T-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, T-AOC, ALT, and AST activities and MDA, TCHO, and TG contents, and decreased TP and ATP contents were observed after hypoxia stress. Based on RNA-seq, 2479 differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and 60 DE miRNAs were identified, and numerous DE mRNAs involved in HIF signaling pathway (hif-1α, epo, vegfa, and ho), anaerobic metabolism (hk1/hk2, pfk, gapdh, pk, and ldh) and immune response (nlrp12, cxcr1, cxcr4, ccr9, and cxcl12) were significantly upregulated after hypoxia exposure. Integrated analysis found that ho, igfbp1, hsp70, and hk2 were predicted to be regulated by novel_867, dre-miR-125c-3p/novel_173, dre-miR-181b-5p, and dre-miR-338-5p/dre-miR-17a-3p, respectively, and targets of DE miRNAs were significantly enriched in MAPK signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Expression analysis showed that the mRNA levels of vegfa, epo, ho, hsp70, hsp90aa.1, igfbp1, ldh, hk1, pfk, pk, and gapdh exhibited a remarkable increase, whereas sdh and mdh were downregulated in the H3h, H12h, and H24h groups compared with the control. Furthermore, research found that hk2 is a target of dre-miR-17a-3p, overexpression of dre-miR-17a-3p significantly decreased the expression level of hk2, while the opposite results were obtained after dre-miR-17a-3p silencing. These results contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of hypoxia tolerance in crucian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjuan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shenji Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinqiang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Yuan M, Chen X, Ou R, Luo R, Fan W, Wang X, Guo Z. Renal anemia: from relative insufficiency of EPO to imbalance of erythropoiesis and eryptosis. Int Urol Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s11255-024-04146-x. [PMID: 38982020 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-024-04146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease has emerged as a major health issue both in China and worldwide. Renal anemia frequently occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease, and its severity and incidence rate increase as the disease progresses. Over the last 30 years, the administration of exogenous EPO and EPO stimulants has been employed to alleviate renal anemia, suggesting that a relative deficiency in EPO may be a primary cause. However, this approach has overshadowed other contributing factors, particularly eryptosis, which results from the reduced lifespan of red blood cells. Numerous studies reveal that there are nephrogenic and extrarenal EPO secretion indicating that an absolute deficiency of EPO is not always present in patients. Therefore, this paper speculates that renal anemia may arise when EPO-driven erythropoiesis fails to adequately compensate for aggravating eryptosis. Other factors including iron metabolism disorder, uremic toxin accumulation, inflammatory state, oxidative stress, and secondary hyperparathyroidism affect EPO reactivity bone marrow hematopoiesis and eryptosis, leading to an imbalance between red blood cell production and destruction, and cause anemia ultimately. More further studies on the pathogenesis and treatment of renal anemia would be expected to provide evidence to support our opinion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Xinping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Ruilin Ou
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiling Luo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Wenwen Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangming Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhentao Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China.
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Wojan F, Stray-Gundersen S, Zhao J, Lalande S. Impaired erythropoietin response to hypoxia in type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2024; 61:925-932. [PMID: 38570345 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Patients with type 2 diabetes have a 20% lower total blood volume than age- and weight-matched healthy adults, suggesting a reduced capacity to transport oxygen in this population. Intermittent hypoxia, consisting of alternating short bouts of breathing hypoxic and normoxic air, increases erythropoietin levels, the hormone regulating red blood cell production, in young and older adults. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a single session of intermittent hypoxia on erythropoietin levels and hemoglobin mass, the absolute mass of hemoglobin contained in red blood cells, in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Ten patients with type 2 diabetes were exposed to an intermittent hypoxia protocol consisting of eight 4-min cycles at a targeted oxygen saturation of 80% interspersed with normoxic cycles to resaturation. Erythropoietin and hemoglobin mass responses to intermittent hypoxia in patients with type 2 diabetes were compared to previously published data from an identical intermittent hypoxia protocol performed in age-matched older adults. RESULTS Intermittent hypoxia increased erythropoietin levels in older adults but did not induce any change in erythropoietin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes (3.2 ± 2.2 vs. 0.2 ± 2.7 mU/ml, p = 0.01). Hemoglobin mass indexed to body weight was 21% lower in patients with type 2 diabetes than in older adults (8.1 ± 1.7 vs. 10.2 ± 2.1 g/kg, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest an impaired erythropoietin response to decreased oxygen levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, which may contribute to the reduced oxygen transport capacity observed in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Wojan
- Department of Kinesiology and Heath Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sten Stray-Gundersen
- Department of Kinesiology and Heath Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- Department of Kinesiology and Heath Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sophie Lalande
- Department of Kinesiology and Heath Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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7
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Alves S, Silva F, Esteves F, Costa S, Slezakova K, Alves M, Pereira M, Teixeira J, Morais S, Fernandes A, Queiroga F, Vaz J. The Impact of Sleep on Haematological Parameters in Firefighters. Clocks Sleep 2024; 6:291-311. [PMID: 39051311 PMCID: PMC11270419 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep6030021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a vital process that impacts biological functions such as cell renewal, bone regeneration, and immune system support. Disrupted sleep can interrupt erythropoiesis, leading to fewer red blood cells, reduced haemoglobin concentration, and decreased haematocrit levels, potentially contributing to haematological disorders. This is particularly concerning for shift workers for example firefighters. While previous studies have explored sleep's adverse effects on various professions, research specific to firefighters is limited. This study investigates the relationship between sleep quality and haematological parameters among firefighters in Northeast Portugal. From a sample of 201 firefighters, variations in red blood cells, haemoglobin, and haematocrit values were linked to sleep quality. The study utilised non-parametric tests (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney, Spearman's correlation) to explore the connection between sleep quality and haematological profile. The impact of covariates on haematological parameters was assessed using non-parametric ANCOVA (Quade's). A multiple regression analysis was employed to further understand how sleep quality and various confounding variables impact haematological levels. Findings suggest a negative link between sleep quality and haematological levels, meaning that as sleep quality deteriorates, there is a tendency for haematological levels to decrease, as indicated by Spearman's correlation (rRBC = -0.157, pRBC = 0.026; rHb = -0.158, pHb = 0.025; rHCT = -0.175, pHCT = 0.013). As observed in scientific literature, the correlation found suggests a possible inhibition of erythropoiesis, the process responsible for red blood cell production. Despite firefighters presenting a haematological profile within the reference range (RBC: 5.1 × 106/mm3 (SD ± 0.4), Hb: 15.6 g/dL (SD ± 1.3), 47% (SD ± 1.0), there is already an observable trend towards lower levels. The analysis of co-variables did not reveal a significant impact of sleep quality on haematological levels. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of sleep quality in determining haematological parameters among firefighters. Future research should investigate the underlying mechanisms and long-term implications of poor sleep quality on firefighter health. Exploring interventions to enhance sleep quality is vital for evidence-based strategies promoting firefighter well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alves
- Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Francisca Silva
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal (F.Q.)
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (F.E.); (S.C.); (J.T.)
- EPIUnit, National Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Solange Costa
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (F.E.); (S.C.); (J.T.)
- EPIUnit, National Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Klara Slezakova
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (K.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Alves
- AquaValor-Centro de Valorização e Transferência de Tecnologia da Água-Associação, Rua Dr. Júlio Martins n.º 1, 5400-342 Chaves, Portugal;
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
| | - Maria Pereira
- LEPABE-ALiCE, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Teixeira
- Environmental Health Department, National Institute of Health, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (F.E.); (S.C.); (J.T.)
- EPIUnit, National Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Simone Morais
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (K.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Adília Fernandes
- Research Centre for Active Living and Wellbeing (LiveWell), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Felisbina Queiroga
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal (F.Q.)
| | - Josiana Vaz
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
- Research Centre for Active Living and Wellbeing (LiveWell), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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Toll L, Weiss N, Vierbaum L, Schellenberg I, Thevis M, Wenzel F. Longitudinal evaluation of laboratory results and method precision in worldwide erythropoietin external quality assessments. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1390079. [PMID: 38974321 PMCID: PMC11224661 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1390079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study presents a longitudinal analysis of external quality assessment (EQA) results for erythropoietin (EPO) determinations conducted between 2017 and 2022 with a continuously increasing number of participating laboratories. The aim of this work was to evaluate participant performance and methodological aspects. Methods: In each of the eleven EQA surveys, a blinded sample set of lyophilized human serum containing one sample with lower EPO concentrations (L) and one with higher EPO concentrations (H) was sent to the participating laboratories. Results: A total of 1,256 measurements were included. The median (interquartile range) fraction of participants not meeting the criteria of acceptance set at 20% around the robust mean of the respective survey was 9.5% (6.1%-10.7%) (sample L) and 9.1% (5.8%-11.8%) (sample H) but lacked a clear trend in the observed period. Some surveys exhibited unusually high interlaboratory variation, suggesting interfering components in the EQA samples. Different immunological methods and reagent manufacturers also showed variability in measurement outcomes to some extent. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for continuous quality assessment in EPO measurements to ensure patient safety and identify areas for further research and investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Toll
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry/ Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nathalie Weiss
- INSTAND e.V., Society for Promoting Quality Assurance in Medical Laboratories, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Vierbaum
- INSTAND e.V., Society for Promoting Quality Assurance in Medical Laboratories, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ingo Schellenberg
- INSTAND e.V., Society for Promoting Quality Assurance in Medical Laboratories, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Bioanalytical Sciences (IBAS), Center of Life Sciences, Anhalt University of Applied Sciences, Bernburg, Germany
| | - Mario Thevis
- Institute of Biochemistry/ Center for Preventive Doping Research, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Folker Wenzel
- Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
- INSTAND e.V., Society for Promoting Quality Assurance in Medical Laboratories, Düsseldorf, Germany
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9
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Wu S, Huang J, Li Y, Zhao L. Comparative transcriptomics combined with physiological and functional analysis reveals the regulatory mechanism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under acute hypoxia stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116347. [PMID: 38691881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia, largely triggered by global warming and water contamination, has become an environmental issue of great concern, posing a great threat to aquatic ecosystem. As one of the world's most economically important fish, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is extremely intolerant of hypoxic environments, however, little is known about the roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the response of rainbow trout to hypoxia stress. Herein, effects of moderate (Tm12L) and severe hypoxia for 12 h (Ts12L) and 12 h reoxygenation on histology, biochemical parameters (antioxidant, metabolism and immunity) and transcriptome (lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA) in rainbow trout liver were investigated. We further validated the regulatory relationships between LOC110519952, novel-m0023-5p and glut1a via dual‑luciferase reporter, overexpression and silencing assays. Compared with Tm12L, the liver in Ts12L showed more severe oxidative damage. Anaerobic, lipid and protein metabolism was enhanced under hypoxia stress, especially in Ts12L. We also found that Tm12L could strengthen innate immune response, which was inhibited in Ts12L. Besides, several hypoxia-related genes (glut1a, vegfaa, hmox, epoa, foxo1a and igfbp1) and ceRNA networks were identified from 1824, 427 and 545 differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs and lncRNAs, including LOC118965299-novel-m0179-3p-epoa, LOC110519952-novel-m0023-5p-glut1a, MSTRG.7382.2-miR-184-y-hmox and LOC110520012-miR-206-y-vegfaa. Through in vitro and in vivo functional analysis, we demonstrated that glut1a is a target of novel-m0023-5p, and LOC110519952 can positively regulate glut1a by targeting novel-m0023-5p. Introduction of LOC110519952 could attenuate the promoting effects of novel-m0023-5p on rainbow trout liver cell viability and proliferation. This study highlights the differences in the regulatory mechanism of rainbow trout under different concentrations of hypoxia stress and provides valuable data for further research on the molecular mechanisms of fish adaptation to hypoxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenji Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jinqiang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yongjuan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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10
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Badura K, Janc J, Wąsik J, Gnitecki S, Skwira S, Młynarska E, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease-A Narrative Review of Its Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1191. [PMID: 38927397 PMCID: PMC11200696 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Anemia is one of the most common chronic kidney disease (CKD) complications. It negatively affects patients' quality of life and clinical outcomes. The pathophysiology of anemia in CKD involves the interplay of various factors such as erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency, iron dysregulation, chronic inflammation, bone marrow dysfunction, and nutritional deficiencies. Despite recent advances in understanding this condition, anemia still remains a serious clinical challenge in population of patients with CKD. Several guidelines have been published with the aim to systematize the diagnostic approach and treatment of anemia; however, due to emerging data, many recommendations vary between publications. Recent studies indicate a potential of novel biomarkers to evaluate anemia and related conditions such as iron deficiency, which is often present in CKD patients. Our article aims to summarize the pathophysiology of anemia in CKD, as well as the diagnosis and management of this condition, including novel therapeutic approaches such as hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHI). Understanding these complex subjects is crucial for a targeted approach to diagnose and treat patients with anemia in CKD effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Badura
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Janc
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Joanna Wąsik
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Szymon Gnitecki
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Skwira
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, Ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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11
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Furtado LFV, Alves WP, da Silva VJ, Rabelo ÉML. Hookworm infection as a model for deepen knowledge of iron metabolism and erythropoiesis in anemia. Cytokine 2024; 177:156559. [PMID: 38412767 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, there has been progress in understanding the molecular aspects of iron metabolism and erythropoiesis. However, despite research conducted both in laboratories and living organisms, there are still unanswered questions due to the complex nature of these fields. In this study we investigated the effects of hookworm infection on iron metabolism and how the hosts response to anemia is affected using hamsters infected with Ancylostoma ceylanicum as a model. Our data revealed interesting relationships between infection-induced anemia, erythropoiesis, iron metabolism, and immune modulation, such that the elevated production of erythropoietin (EPO) in renal tissue indicated intensified erythropoiesis in response to anemia. Additionally, the increased expression of the erythroferrone (ERFE) gene in the spleen suggested its involvement in iron regulation and erythropoiesis. Gene expression patterns of genes related to iron metabolism varied in different tissues, indicating tissue-specific adaptations to hypoxia. The modulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines highlighted the delicate balance between immune response and erythropoiesis. Data derived from the investigation of changes induced in iron metabolism and stress erythropoiesis following anemia aid in our understanding of mechanisms related to blood spoliation and anemia, which could potentially be extrapolated or compared to other types or causes of anemia. These findings also contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of erythropoiesis in the context of blood loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Viana Furtado
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - William Pereira Alves
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Hospital das Clínicas, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 110, Santa Efigênia, CEP 30130-100 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vivian Jordania da Silva
- Prefeitura Municipal de Sabará, Centro de Controle de Zoonoses, Avenida Charles Gonort, CEP: 34505620, Rosario I, Sabará, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Élida Mara Leite Rabelo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Parasitologia, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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12
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Demkova L, Bugajev V, Adamcova MK, Kuchar L, Grusanovic S, Alberich-Jorda M, Draber P, Halova I. Simultaneous deletion of ORMDL1 and ORMDL3 proteins disrupts immune cell homeostasis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1376629. [PMID: 38715613 PMCID: PMC11074395 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1376629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
ORMDL3 is a prominent member of a family of highly conserved endoplasmic reticulum resident proteins, ORMs (ORM1 and ORM2) in yeast, dORMDL in Drosophila and ORMDLs (ORMDL1, ORMDL2, and ORMDL3) in mammals. ORMDL3 mediates feedback inhibition of de novo sphingolipid synthesis. Expression levels of ORMDL3 are associated with the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including asthma, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes mellitus and others. It has been shown that simultaneous deletions of other ORMDL family members could potentiate ORMDL3-induced phenotypes. To understand the complex function of ORMDL proteins in immunity in vivo, we analyzed mice with single or double deletions of Ormdl genes. In contrast to other single and double knockouts, simultaneous deletion of ORMDL1 and ORMDL3 proteins disrupted blood homeostasis and reduced immune cell content in peripheral blood and spleens of mice. The reduced number of splenocytes was not caused by aberrant immune cell homing. A competitive bone marrow transplantation assay showed that the development of Ormdl1-/-/Ormdl3-/- B cells was dependent on lymphocyte intrinsic factors. Highly increased sphingolipid production was observed in the spleens and bone marrow of Ormdl1-/-/Ormdl3-/- mice. Slight, yet significant, increase in some sphingolipid species was also observed in the spleens of Ormdl3-/- mice and in the bone marrow of both, Ormdl1-/- and Ormdl3-/- single knockout mice. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the physiological expression of ORMDL proteins is critical for the proper development and circulation of lymphocytes. We also show cell-type specific roles of individual ORMDL family members in the production of different sphingolipid species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Demkova
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Viktor Bugajev
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Miroslava K. Adamcova
- Laboratory of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ladislav Kuchar
- Research Unit for Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Srdjan Grusanovic
- Laboratory of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Meritxell Alberich-Jorda
- Laboratory of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Draber
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ivana Halova
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Aoun M, Jadoul M, Anders HJ. Erythrocytosis and CKD: A Review. Am J Kidney Dis 2024:S0272-6386(24)00715-7. [PMID: 38621632 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Erythrocytosis or polycythemia is defined as an increase in red blood cell concentration above the age- and sex-specific normal levels. Unlike anemia, which is very common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), erythrocytosis is less frequent but requires specific understanding by health care professionals in order to provide the best care. Erythrocytosis, especially when undiagnosed and untreated, can lead to serious thrombotic events and higher mortality. Classic causes of erythrocytosis associated with CKD include cystic kidney diseases, kidney or other erythropoietin-secreting neoplasms, high-altitude renal syndrome, overdosage of erythropoietin-stimulating agents, androgen therapy, heavy smoking, chronic lung disease, obstructive sleep apnea, IgA nephropathy, post-kidney transplant erythrocytosis, renal artery stenosis, and congenital etiologies. After ruling out the common acquired causes of erythrocytosis and/or in the presence of suggestive parameters, primary erythrocytosis or polycythemia vera (PV) should be considered, and patients should be screened for JAK2V617F somatic mutation. The newest entity inducing erythrocytosis is linked to the use of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors that hypothetically activate hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) and in some cases unmask PV. This Review focuses on the pathogenesis, renal manifestations and management of PV, the pathophysiology of erythrocytosis induced by SGLT2 inhibitors and the relevance of timely JAK2 mutation screening in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Aoun
- Fondation AUB Santé, Lorient, France; Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Michel Jadoul
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
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Peng X, Mo X, Li X. Mechanisms and treatment of anemia related to cardiac arrest. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 49:457-466. [PMID: 38970520 PMCID: PMC11208403 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2024.230497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest is a common and fatal emergency situation. Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that anemia in patients with cardiac arrest is closely related to high mortality rates and poor neurological outcomes. Anemia is prevalent among patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS), but its specific pathogenesis remains unclear. The mechanisms may involve various factors, including reduced production of erythropoietin, oxidative stress/inflammatory responses, gastrointestinal ischemic injury, hepcidin abnormalities, iatrogenic blood loss, and malnutrition. Measures to improve anemia related to cardiac arrest may include blood transfusions, administration of erythropoietin, anti-inflammation and antioxidant therapies, supplementation of hematopoietic materials, protection of gastrointestinal mucosa, and use of hepcidin antibodies and antagonists. Therefore, exploring the latest research progress on the mechanisms and treatment of anemia related to cardiac arrest is of significant guiding importance for improving secondary brain injury caused by anemia and the prognosis of patients with cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Peng
- Department of Emergency, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008.
| | - Xiaoye Mo
- Department of Emergency, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008
| | - Xiangmin Li
- Department of Emergency, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China.
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Thorsted A, Zecchin C, Berges A, Karlsson MO, Friberg LE. Predicting the Long-Term Effects of Therapeutic Neutralization of Oncostatin M on Human Hematopoiesis. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2024. [PMID: 38501358 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.3246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic neutralization of Oncostatin M (OSM) causes mechanism-driven anemia and thrombocytopenia, which narrows the therapeutic window complicating the selection of doses (and dosing intervals) that optimize efficacy and safety. We utilized clinical data from studies of an anti-OSM monoclonal antibody (GSK2330811) in healthy volunteers (n = 49) and systemic sclerosis patients (n = 35), to quantitatively determine the link between OSM and alterations in red blood cell (RBC) and platelet production. Longitudinal changes in hematopoietic variables (including RBCs, reticulocytes, platelets, erythropoietin, and thrombopoietin) were linked in a physiology-based model, to capture the long-term effects and variability of therapeutic OSM neutralization on human hematopoiesis. Free serum OSM stimulated precursor cell production through sigmoidal relations, with higher maximum suppression (Imax ) and OSM concentration for 50% suppression (IC50 ) for platelets (89.1% [95% confidence interval: 83.4-93.0], 6.03 pg/mL [4.41-8.26]) than RBCs (57.0% [49.7-64.0], 2.93 pg/mL [2.55-3.36]). Reduction in hemoglobin and platelets increased erythro- and thrombopoietin, respectively, prompting reticulocytosis and (partially) alleviating OSM-restricted hematopoiesis. The physiology-based model was substantiated by preclinical data and utilized in exploration of once-weekly or every other week dosing regimens. Predictions revealed an (for the indication) unacceptable occurrence of grade 2 (67% [58-76], 29% [20-38]) and grade 3 (17% [10-25], 3% [0-7]) anemias, with limited thrombocytopenia. Individual extent of RBC precursor modulation was moderately correlated to skin mRNA gene expression changes. The physiological basis and consideration of interplay among hematopoietic variables makes the model generalizable to other drug and nondrug scenarios, with adaptations for patient populations, diseases, and therapeutics that modulate hematopoiesis or exhibit risk of anemia and/or thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Thorsted
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Clinical Pharmacology Modelling & Simulation, GSK, Stevenage, UK
| | - Chiara Zecchin
- Clinical Pharmacology Modelling & Simulation, GSK, Stevenage, UK
| | - Alienor Berges
- Clinical Pharmacology Modelling & Simulation, GSK, Stevenage, UK
| | | | - Lena E Friberg
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Chen L, Huang J, Jiang T, Luo H, Wei C, Wu H, Shao J, Li W. Comparing Sleep Patterns and Clinical Features between Preschool and School-Age Children with OSA. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:1472-1478. [PMID: 37812391 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate sleep patterns and investigate differences in clinical features among young individuals with snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS Data from 213 children and adolescents who underwent polysomnography (PSG) for primary snoring or OSA were collected between July 2017 and December 2021. To analyze differences in sleep architecture, hypoxia levels, and other clinical features, the participants were divided into two age groups: a preschool group and a school-age group. RESULTS The school-age group had significantly higher apnea-hypopnea index, obstructive apnea index, oxygen desaturation index, and body mass index than the preschool group. Both the lowest and average oxygen saturation levels were lower in the school-age group. Adenoid hypertrophy was more prevalent in the preschool group. The rate of overweight or obesity was 35.6% in the preschool group and even 94.2% in the school-age group. There were higher percentages of N1 and N2 sleep stages, and lower percentages of N3 and REM sleep stages in the school-age group. The groups exhibiting moderate to severe OSA demonstrated significant alterations in the difference between sleeping and waking diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSION There is a higher frequency of respiratory events among school-age children compared with their preschool peers. Moreover, alterations in sleep structure are more prominent in the school-age group. Adenoid hypertrophy may serve as the primary instigator of OSA in preschool children, whereas the predominant causes in school-age children may be obesity or excessive weight. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Retrospective chart review, 3 Laryngoscope, 134:1472-1478, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Sleep Disordered Medical Center, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiping Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Sleep Disordered Medical Center, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunsheng Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Sleep Disordered Medical Center, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Sleep Disordered Medical Center, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Shao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Sleep Disordered Medical Center, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Teległów A, Skowron B, Romanovski V. Laboratory Analysis of the Renal Function Changes Under Long-Term Exposure to Extremely Low Ambient Temperatures: Case Report. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2024; 14:59-65. [PMID: 38394138 PMCID: PMC10924189 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2023.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study subject was a healthy, 47-year-old man, a low temperature Guinness World Record holder. He spent 50 days alone in Rovaniemi, Lapland, and functioned in the ambient temperature ranging from +2°C to -37°C. He did not use sources of heat, he did not eat warm meals or drink hot water, and did not dry his clothes. He slept in an igloo, on an ice cover of 20-30 cm. He spent 10 hours a day in a sleeping bag and for the remaining time he walked, skied, or rode a bicycle, and practiced swimming. The aim of the study was a laboratory assessment of renal capacity in a man exposed to long-term extremely low ambient temperatures. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee at the Regional Medical Chamber in Krakow, Poland (approval No.: 194/KBL/OIL/2019). Twice during the observation, urine and blood were collected and analyzed: before and after the prolonged exposure to extremely low ambient temperatures. Changes were seen in many blood and urine parameters, but in urine, they were more significant. In urine, decreased values of sodium (by 53.9%), potassium (by 22.6%), creatinine (by 65.5%), urea (by 61.3%), uric acid (by 58.4%), and protein (by 50%) were observed. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) increased by 34%. Absence of calcium oxalate excretion was reported relative to the value before the exposure to cold. In blood, increased values of interleukin-6 (by 60%) and β-2-microglobulin (by 26.9%) were observed. Erythropoietin decreased by 22.4%. No changes were noted in estimated glomerular filtration rate. The study subject lost 10 kg in weight. On the basis of the results obtained during the observation, it can be determined that the probable cause of changes in the laboratory results of the subject was the diet used, and not a dysfunction of the excretory system. The body weight loss and activation of compensating mechanisms focused on saving vitally important diet components, caused by the insufficient diet, exclude the theory of a negative effect of exposure to extremely low temperatures on renal filtration function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Teległów
- Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Basic Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Valerjan Romanovski
- Non-Governmental Organization and Associaton Oswajamy Zywioly, Kielce, Poland
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Zhang XM, Min XR, Li D, Li B, Rui YX, Xie HX, Liu R, Zeng N. The protective effect and mechanism of piperazine ferulate in rats with 5/6 nephrectomy-caused chronic kidney disease. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-02976-1. [PMID: 38305866 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of chronic disease in which multiple factors are responsible for the structural and functional disorders of the kidney. Piperazine ferulate (PF) has anti-platelet and anti-fibrotic effects, and its mechanism of action remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of PF against CKD in rats and to determine its mechanism of action. Network pharmacology was used to predict potential PF action targets in the treatment of CKD and to further validate them. A rat model of CKD was established; blood was collected, etc., for the assessment of the renal function; renal pathologic damage was examined using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Masson staining; changes in the levels of TGF-β1 and α-SMA were determined with ELISA; EPOR, FN, and COL I expression were detected utilizing immunohistochemistry; and HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and EPO protein molecules were analyzed deploying western blotting. PF reduces Scr, BUN, and 24 h UP levels; decreases FN and COL I expression; and attenuates renal injury. Additionally, PF inhibited TGF-β1 and stimulated the production of HIF-1α and HIF-2α, which downregulated α-SMA and upregulated EPO. PF attenuated the progression of the CKD pathology, and the mechanism of its action is possibly associated with the promotion of HIF-1α/HIF-2α/EPO production and TGF-β1 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin-Ran Min
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Li
- Chengdu Hanpharm Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Pengzhou, 611930, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi-Xin Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Xiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Modern Chinese Medicine Industry, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang Distract, Chengdu City, 611137, Sichuan Province, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China.
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19
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Henning Y, Adam K, Gerhardt P, Begall S. Hypoxic and hypercapnic burrow conditions lead to downregulation of free triiodothyronine and hematocrit in Ansell's mole-rats (Fukomys anselli). J Comp Physiol B 2024; 194:33-40. [PMID: 38059996 PMCID: PMC10940439 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-023-01526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
African mole-rats live in self-dug burrow systems under hypoxic and hypercapnic conditions. Adaptations to hypoxia include suppression of resting metabolic rate (RMR) and core body temperature (Tb). Because the thyroid hormones (THs) thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) are positive regulators of RMR and Tb, we hypothesized that serum TH concentrations would also be downregulated under hypoxic conditions. To test this hypothesis, we kept Ansell's mole-rats (Fukomys anselli) in terraria filled with soil in which they were allowed to construct underground burrows to achieve chronic intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia. The animals stayed in these hypoxic and hypercapnic burrows voluntarily, although given the choice to stay aboveground. We collected blood samples before and after treatment to measure serum T4 and T3 concentrations as well as hematological parameters. The free fraction of the transcriptionally-active T3 was significantly decreased after treatment, indicating that cellular TH signaling was downregulated via peripheral mechanisms, consistent with the assumption that aerobic metabolism is downregulated under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, we found that hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations were also downregulated after treatment, suggesting that oxygen demand decreases under hypoxia, presumably due to the metabolic shift towards anaerobic metabolism. Taken together, we have identified a potential upstream regulator of physiological adaptations to hypoxia in these highly hypoxia-tolerant animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Henning
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
| | - Kamilla Adam
- Department of General Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Patricia Gerhardt
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Sabine Begall
- Department of General Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Nishimura K, Iitaka S, Sakaki T, Tsuji K, Yoshimoto A, Haque MA, Nakagawa H. Effect of long-term treatment with trivalent chromium on erythropoietin production in HepG2 cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 752:109872. [PMID: 38141908 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) is sometimes taken as a long-term supplement, but its effectiveness is unclear. Recently, Cr(III) reportedly modulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression. Our previous study reported that increased PPARγ after 24 h Cr(III) treatment promoted erythropoietin (EPO) production in HepG2 cells. In the current study, we analyzed 4-week Cr(III) treatment effects on PPARγ and EPO production in HepG2 cells. Long-term Cr(III) treatment resulted in significantly elevated mRNA expression levels of PPARγ and EPO compared to controls. Additionally, treatment with a PPARγ inhibitor suppressed EPO mRNA expression. Increased EPO mRNA expression due to stimulation with hypoxia or cobalt was unaffected by long-term Cr(III) treatment. Administration of lipopolysaccharide and pyocyanin which causes oxidative stress, promoted EPO production, but this effect was attenuated in cells treated with Cr(III). Long-term Cr(III) treatment increased hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and 2α mRNA expression and protein levels. Increased PPARγ, induced by long-term Cr(III) treatment, suppressed sirtuin1 (SIRT1) mRNA expression and increased EPO mRNA expression, suggesting that increased PPARγ attenuated the suppressive effect of SIRT1 on HIF. These results suggest that the sustained increase in PPARγ during long-term Cr(III) treatment maintains increased EPO production through a mechanism different from that observed under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Nishimura
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan.
| | - Suzuka Iitaka
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakaki
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Keigo Tsuji
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Akari Yoshimoto
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Md Anamul Haque
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
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21
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Chauhan P, Bhardwaj N, Rajaura S, Gupta N. Selective elimination of younger erythrocytes in blood circulation and associated molecular changes in benzo (a) pyrene induced mouse model of lung cancer. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad115. [PMID: 38178996 PMCID: PMC10762663 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia is a common feature in cancer patients. The present research was conducted to explore the mechanisms of induction of anemia in a mouse model of lung cancer. Methods The lung cancer was induced by treating orally with BaP (50 mg/kg body weight, twice a week for four weeks). The erythrocyte kinetics were studied using a double in vivo biotinylation (DIB) technique. ROS production and apoptosis analysis were done by staining with the CMH2DCFDA stain and anti-mouse Annexin V antibody, followed by flow cytometry. The expression of antioxidant, apoptotic, anti-apoptotic and inflammatory genes was analyzed by quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Results BaP-induced tumour reduced body weight and induced persistent haemolytic anaemia. The kinetics data suggest that, though reticulocyte production was enhanced, the proportion of young erythrocytes did not increase in the same proportion. The young aged erythrocytes were selectively eliminated from blood circulation, but intermediate and old aged erythrocytes persisted for a longer duration. The tumour progression leads to a significant increase in ROS production and apoptosis in the erythrocytes. The molecular data suggests that the expression levels of antioxidants (SOD1, catalase, and GPX1) and erythropoietin (Epo) were significantly increased. The anti-inflammatory genes Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10) were significantly decreased.Apoptotic genes Bax, and caspase 3 were significantly decreased while Bcl 2 was significantly increased in the blood of tumour-bearing mice. Conclusions The overall data suggest that erythrocyte turnover is severely modulated with the progression of tumor. The apoptosis, ROS levels, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and Epo gene expressions were increased, but proapoptotic and anti-inflammatory gene expression were suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, UK 249404, India
| | - Nitin Bhardwaj
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, UK 249404, India
| | - Sumit Rajaura
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, UK 249404, India
| | - Neelujain Gupta
- Department of Zoology, CCS University, Meerut, UP, 250004, India
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22
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Krumm B, Saugy JJ, Botrè F, Faiss R. Impact of low-volume blood withdrawal on hematological biomarkers for the athlete biological passport. Drug Test Anal 2024; 16:168-173. [PMID: 37303297 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of low-volume blood withdrawal on the hematological biomarkers currently considered for anti-doping purposes. After baseline measurement (D - 7), a 140 mL blood withdrawal was completed (D + 0) on 12 healthy volunteers, followed by weekly monitoring for 21 days (D + 7 - 21). Each visit consisted of a full blood count (Sysmex XN-1000) and duplicate blood volume measurements by CO-rebreathing. A significant decrease in total hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) (-2.3%, p = 0.007) and red blood cell volume (RBCV) (-2.8%, p = 0.028) was reported at D + 7. Despite no atypical passport finding (ATPF) when considering the athlete biological passport adaptive longitudinal model, hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) increased significantly at D + 21 (+3.8%, p = 0.031). Besides, ferritin (FERR) was significantly downregulated at all points following blood withdrawal, with the largest decrease occurring at D + 7 (-26.6%, p < 0.001). Regardless of the presumable effect of blood reinfusion on ABP biomarkers, these results illustrate the challenge of monitoring hematological variables for the detection of low-volume blood withdrawal. Finally, this study outlines the sensitivity of FERR to altered erythropoiesis to support the implementation of iron markers as complementary variables for the longitudinal monitoring of blood doping, despite the potential influence of confounding factors (e.g., iron supplementations).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Krumm
- REDs, Research & Expertise in anti-Doping sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J J Saugy
- REDs, Research & Expertise in anti-Doping sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Botrè
- REDs, Research & Expertise in anti-Doping sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Faiss
- REDs, Research & Expertise in anti-Doping sciences, Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Kohoolat G, Alizadeh P, Motesadi Zarandi F, Rezaeipour Y. A ternary composite hydrogel based on sodium alginate, carboxymethyl cellulose and copper-doped 58S bioactive glass promotes cutaneous wound healing in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129260. [PMID: 38199544 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogels offer a novel approach to wound repair. In this study, we synthesized a ternary composite using sodium alginate (SA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and copper-doped 58S bioactive glass (BG). According to our mechanical testing results, the composite made of 7 wt% CMC and 7 wt% BG (SA-7CMC-7BG) showed optimal properties. In addition, our in vitro studies revealed the biocompatibility and bioactivity of SA-7CMC-7BG, with a negative zeta potential of -31.7 mV. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed 273-μm-diameter pores, cell adhesion, and anchoring. The SA-7CMC-7BG closed 90.4 % of the mechanical scratch after 2 days. An in vivo wound model using Wistar rats showed that SA-7CMC-7BG promoted wound healing, with 85.57 % of the wounds healed after 14 days. Treatment with the SA-7CMC-7BG hydrogel caused a 1.6-, 65-, and 1.87-fold increase in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Col I, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, respectively that prevents fibrosis and promotes angiogenesis. Furthermore, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) expression was downregulated by 1.61-fold, indicating an anti-inflammatory effect of SA-7CMC-7BG. We also observed an increase in epidermal thickness, the number of fibroblast cells, and collagen deposition, which represent complementary pathology results confirming the effectiveness of the SA-7CMC-7BG hydrogel in cutaneous wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Kohoolat
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Alizadeh
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Motesadi Zarandi
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yashar Rezaeipour
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-143, Tehran, Iran
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Harris AL, Dinopoulou V, Loutradis D, Drakakis P, Kiessling AA. Microarray evidence that 8-cell human embryos express some hormone family members including oxytocin. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:323-332. [PMID: 38133877 PMCID: PMC10894797 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-023-03002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is to discover hormone pathways active in early cleaving human embryos. METHODS A list of 152 hormones and receptors were compiled to query the microarray database of mRNAs in 8-cell human embryos, two lines of human embryonic stem cells plus human fibroblasts before and after induced pluripotency. RESULTS Over half of the 152 hormones and receptors were silent on the arrays of all cell types, and more were detected at high or moderate levels on the 8-cell arrays than on the pluripotent cell or fibroblast arrays. Eight hormone family genes were uniquely detected at least 22-fold higher on the 8-cell arrays than the stem cell arrays: AVPI1, CCK, CORT, FSTL4, GIP, GPHA2, OXT, and PPY suggesting novel roles for these proteins in early development. Oxytocin was detected by pilot immunoassay in culture media collected from Day 3 embryos. Robust detection of CRHR1 and EPOR suggests the 8-cell embryo may be responsive to maternal CRH and EPO. The over-expression of POMC and GHITM suggests POMP peptide products may have undiscovered roles in early development and GHITM may contribute to mitochondrial remodeling. Under-detected on the 8-cell arrays at least tenfold were two key enzymes in steroid biosynthesis, DHCR24 and FDPS. CONCLUSIONS The 8-cell human embryo may be secreting oxytocin, which could stimulate its own progress down the fallopian tube as well as play a role in early neural precursor development. The 8-cell embryo does not synthesize reproductive steroid hormones. As previously reported for growth factor families, the early embryo over-expresses more hormones than hormone receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Lee Harris
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Fairborn, OH, USA
| | - Vasiliki Dinopoulou
- 1St Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Lourou 4-2, 115 28, Athina, Greece
| | - Dimitris Loutradis
- 1St Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Lourou 4-2, 115 28, Athina, Greece
| | - Peter Drakakis
- 1St Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Lourou 4-2, 115 28, Athina, Greece
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Yasuoka Y, Izumi Y, Fukuyama T, Oshima T, Yamazaki T, Uematsu T, Kobayashi N, Nanami M, Shimada Y, Nagaba Y, Mukoyama M, Sands JM, Takahashi N, Kawahara K, Nonoguchi H. Tubular Endogenous Erythropoietin Protects Renal Function against Ischemic Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1223. [PMID: 38279224 PMCID: PMC10816907 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Many large-scale studies show that exogenous erythropoietin, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, lack any renoprotective effects. We investigated the effects of endogenous erythropoietin on renal function in kidney ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) using the prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) inhibitor, Roxadustat (ROX). Four h of hypoxia (7% O2) and 4 h treatment by ROX prior to IRI did not improve renal function. In contrast, 24-72 h pretreatment by ROX significantly improved the decline of renal function caused by IRI. Hypoxia and 4 h ROX increased interstitial cells-derived Epo production by 75- and 6-fold, respectively, before IRI, and worked similarly to exogenous Epo. ROX treatment for 24-72 h increased Epo production during IRI by 9-fold. Immunohistochemistry revealed that 24 h ROX treatment induced Epo production in proximal and distal tubules and worked similarly to endogenous Epo. Our data show that tubular endogenous Epo production induced by 24-72 h ROX treatment results in renoprotection but peritubular exogenous Epo production by interstitial cells induced by hypoxia and 4 h ROX treatment did not. Stimulation of tubular, but not peritubular, Epo production may link to renoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yasuoka
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Kumamoto, Japan; (Y.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Takashi Fukuyama
- Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (T.F.); (T.Y.); (T.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Tomomi Oshima
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Taiga Yamazaki
- Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (T.F.); (T.Y.); (T.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Takayuki Uematsu
- Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (T.F.); (T.Y.); (T.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Noritada Kobayashi
- Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (T.F.); (T.Y.); (T.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Masayoshi Nanami
- Division of Kidney and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Hyogo, Japan;
| | - Yoshitaka Shimada
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yasushi Nagaba
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.N.)
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Kumamoto, Japan; (Y.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Jeff M. Sands
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Drive, WMB Room 3313, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Noriko Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Katsumasa Kawahara
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.N.)
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Zhan HQ, Zhang X, Chen XL, Cheng L, Wang X. Application of nanotechnology in the treatment of glomerulonephritis: current status and future perspectives. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:9. [PMID: 38169389 PMCID: PMC10763010 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide; in most cases, it cannot be cured and can only delay the progression of the disease. At present, the main treatment methods include symptomatic therapy, immunosuppressive therapy, and renal replacement therapy. However, effective treatment of GN is hindered by issues such as steroid resistance, serious side effects, low bioavailability, and lack of precise targeting. With the widespread application of nanoparticles in medical treatment, novel methods have emerged for the treatment of kidney diseases. Targeted transportation of drugs, nucleic acids, and other substances to kidney tissues and even kidney cells through nanodrug delivery systems can reduce the systemic effects and adverse reactions of drugs and improve treatment effectiveness. The high specificity of nanoparticles enables them to bind to ion channels and block or enhance channel gating, thus improving inflammation. This review briefly introduces the characteristics of GN, describes the treatment status of GN, systematically summarizes the research achievements of nanoparticles in the treatment of primary GN, diabetic nephropathy and lupus nephritis, analyzes recent therapeutic developments, and outlines promising research directions, such as gas signaling molecule nanodrug delivery systems and ultrasmall nanoparticles. The current application of nanoparticles in GN is summarized to provide a reference for better treatment of GN in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Qin Zhan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xiaoxun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xu-Lin Chen
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwen Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Zhao C, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Chu M, Ning X, Ji J, Wang T, Zhang G, Yin S, Zhang K. Integrated analysis of transcriptome, translatome and proteome reveals insights into yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) brain in response to hypoxia. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 266:106801. [PMID: 38096642 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
Brain plays a central role in adapting to environmental changes and is highly sensitive to the oxygen level. Although previous studies investigated the molecular response of brain exposure to acute hypoxia in fish, the lack of studies at the translational level hinders further understanding of the regulatory mechanism response to hypoxia from multi-omics levels. Yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is an important freshwater aquaculture species; however, hypoxia severely restricts the sustainable development of its breeding industry. In the present study, the transcriptome, translatome, and proteome were integrated to study the global landscapes of yellow catfish brain response to hypoxia. The evidently increased amount of cerebral cortical cells with oedema and pyknotic nuclei has been observed in hypoxia group of yellow catfish. A total of 2750 genes were significantly changed at the translational level. Comparative transcriptional and translational analysis suggested the HIF-1 signaling pathway, autophagy and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis were up-regulated after hypoxia exposure. KEGG enrichment of translational efficiency (TE) differential genes suggested that the lysosome and autophagy were highly enriched. Our result showed that yellow catfish tends to inhibit the TE of genes by increasing the translation of uORFs to adapt to hypoxia. Correlation analysis showed that transcriptome and translatome exhibit higher correlation. In summary, this study demonstrated that hypoxia dysregulated the cerebral function of yellow catfish at the transcriptome, translatome, and proteome, which provides a better understanding of hypoxia adaptation in teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yubing Ding
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingxu Chu
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xianhui Ning
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Ji
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guosong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Physiology Biochemistry and Application, Heze University, Heze 274015, China
| | - Shaowu Yin
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang 222005, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, Nanjing 210023, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang 222005, Jiangsu, China.
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Siebenmann C, Roche J, Schlittler M, Simpson LL, Stembridge M. Regulation of haemoglobin concentration at high altitude. J Physiol 2023. [PMID: 38051656 DOI: 10.1113/jp284578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lowlanders sojourning for more than 1 day at high altitude (HA) experience a reduction in plasma volume (PV) that increases haemoglobin concentration and thus restores arterial oxygen content. If the sojourn extends over weeks, an expansion of total red cell volume (RCV) occurs and contributes to the haemoconcentration. While the reduction in PV was classically attributed to an increased diuretic fluid loss, recent studies support fluid redistribution, rather than loss, as the underlying mechanism. The fluid redistribution is presumably driven by a disappearance of proteins from the circulation and the resulting reduction in oncotic pressure exerted by the plasma, although the fate of the disappearing proteins remains unclear. The RCV expansion is the result of an accelerated erythropoietic activity secondary to enhanced renal erythropoietin release, but a contribution of other mechanisms cannot be excluded. After return from HA, intravascular volumes return to normal values and the normalisation of RCV might involve selective destruction of newly formed erythrocytes, although this explanation has been strongly challenged by recent studies. In contrast to acclimatised lowlanders, native highlanders originating from the Tibetan and the Ethiopian plateaus present with a normal or only mildly elevated haemoglobin concentration. Genetic adaptations blunting the erythropoietic response to HA exposure have been proposed as an explanation for the absence of more pronounced haemoconcentration in these populations, but new evidence also supports a contribution of a larger than expected PV. The functional significance of the relatively low haemoglobin concentration in Tibetan and Ethiopian highlanders is incompletely understood and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johanna Roche
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, EURAC Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Maja Schlittler
- AO Research Institute Davos, Regenerative Orthopaedics Program, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Lydia L Simpson
- Department of Sport Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mike Stembridge
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
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Muras-Szwedziak K, Pawłowicz-Szlarska E, Nowicki M. Effect of intravenous iron on endogenous erythropoietin and FGF-23 secretion in patients with chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2164305. [PMID: 36688811 PMCID: PMC9873275 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2164305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been observed that intravenous iron administration may suppress endogenous production of erythropoietin (EPO). We postulate that this effect may be mediated by increased FGF-23 secretion. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the short-term effect of intravenous iron sucrose administration on endogenous EPO secretion in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). MATERIALS AND METHODS The cohort comprised 35 nondialysis patients with CKD stages 3-5. All received 100 mg of intravenous iron (III)-hydroxide sucrose complex daily for five consecutive days. Plasma EPO, iFGF-23, cFGF-23, PTH, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), phosphorus (PO4), calcium (Ca), and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured before, and two hours after, the first and third iron infusions, and after completing iron therapy. RESULTS EPO concentration at the end of iron treatment was significantly lower than two hours after the first iron infusion (p = 0.0003) and before the third dose (p = 0.0006) (12.6 [10.2, 41.4] mIU/mL. vs. 30.9 [15.9, 54.2] mIU/mL and 33.4 [15.4, 56.7] mIU/mL, respectively). Conversely, plasma iFGF-23 was significantly higher before the third dose (61.1 [18.6, 420.1 4] pg/mL; p = 0.025) and after the course of treatment (92.1 [28.4, 878.1] pg/mL; p = 0.004) compared to pretreatment value (48.4 [16.2, 420] pg/mL). cFGF-23 concentration was significantly lower than baseline after the first iron dose (491.8 [257.7, 1086.3] vs. 339.2 [75.4, 951.2] RU/mL; p = 0.005) and after treatment (398.7 [90.4, 1022.3] RU/mL; p = 0.025). No significant linear correlation was found between changes in plasma EPO and FGF-23. CONCLUSIONS Although intravenous iron therapy causes parallel increase of FGF-23 and supression of endogenous EPO, these two effects seem to be independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Muras-Szwedziak
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Pawłowicz-Szlarska
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland,CONTACT Michał Nowicki Central University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, Lodz, 92-213, Poland
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30
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Muttathukunnel P, Wälti M, Aboouf MA, Köster-Hegmann C, Haenggi T, Gassmann M, Pannzanelli P, Fritschy JM, Schneider Gasser EM. Erythropoietin regulates developmental myelination in the brain stimulating postnatal oligodendrocyte maturation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19522. [PMID: 37945644 PMCID: PMC10636124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46783-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelination is a process tightly regulated by a variety of neurotrophic factors. Here, we show-by analyzing two transgenic mouse lines, one overexpressing EPO selectively in the brain Tg21(PDGFB-rhEPO) and another with targeted removal of EPO receptors (EPORs) from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC)s (Sox10-cre;EpoRfx/fx mice)-a key function for EPO in regulating developmental brain myelination. Overexpression of EPO resulted in faster postnatal brain growth and myelination, an increased number of myelinating oligodendrocytes, faster axonal myelin ensheathment, and improved motor coordination. Conversely, targeted ablation of EPORs from OPCs reduced the number of mature oligodendrocytes and impaired motor coordination during the second postnatal week. Furthermore, we found that EPORs are transiently expressed in the subventricular zone (SVZ) during the second postnatal week and EPO increases the postnatal expression of essential oligodendrocyte pro-differentiation and pro-maturation (Nkx6.2 and Myrf) transcripts, and the Nfatc2/calcineurin pathway. In contrast, ablation of EPORs from OPCs inactivated the Erk1/2 pathway and reduced the postnatal expression of the transcripts. Our results reveal developmental time windows in which EPO therapies could be highly effective for stimulating oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Muttathukunnel
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
- Center for Neuroscience Zurich (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Wälti
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mostafa A Aboouf
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Christina Köster-Hegmann
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tatjana Haenggi
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Max Gassmann
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrizia Pannzanelli
- Rita Levi Montalcini Center for Brain Repair, University of Turin, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Fritschy
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
- Center for Neuroscience Zurich (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edith M Schneider Gasser
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Center for Neuroscience Zurich (ZNZ), Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Niazi SK. A Critical Analysis of the FDA's Omics-Driven Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers to Establish Biosimilarity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1556. [PMID: 38004421 PMCID: PMC10675618 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Demonstrating biosimilarity entails comprehensive analytical assessment, clinical pharmacology profiling, and efficacy testing in patients for at least one medical indication, as required by the U.S. Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA). The efficacy testing can be waived if the drug has known pharmacodynamic (PD) markers, leaving most therapeutic proteins out of this concession. To overcome this, the FDA suggests that biosimilar developers discover PD biomarkers using omics technologies such as proteomics, glycomics, transcriptomics, genomics, epigenomics, and metabolomics. This approach is redundant since the mode-action-action biomarkers of approved therapeutic proteins are already available, as compiled in this paper for the first time. Other potential biomarkers are receptor binding and pharmacokinetic profiling, which can be made more relevant to ensure biosimilarity without requiring biosimilar developers to conduct extensive research, for which they are rarely qualified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfaraz K Niazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Vaden SL, Kendall AR, Foster JD, New HL, Eagleson JS, May JL, Traas AM, Wilson MJ, McIntyre BH, Hinderer CJ, Olenick LK, Wilson JM. Adeno-associated virus-vectored erythropoietin gene therapy for anemia in cats with chronic kidney disease. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:2200-2210. [PMID: 37847024 PMCID: PMC10658539 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated anemia in cats is needed. SB-001 is an adeno-associated virus-vectored (AAV)-based gene therapeutic agent that is administered intramuscularly, causing the expression of feline erythropoietin. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that SB-001 injection would lead to a sustained increase in PCV in cats with CKD-associated anemia. ANIMALS Twenty-three cats with International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) Stage 2 to 4 CKD-associated anemia were enrolled at 4 veterinary clinics. METHODS In a prospective clinical trial, cats were treated with 1 of 3 regimens of SB-001 (Lo 1.2 × 109 genome copies [GCs] on Day 0; Lo ± Hi [supplemental 2nd dose of 3.65 × 109 GC on Day 42]; Hi 3.65 × 109 GC IM on Day 0) and followed for 70 days. RESULTS A response to SB-001 at any time between Day 28 and Day 70 was seen in 86% (95% confidence interval 65, 97%) of all cats. There was a significant (P < .003) increase in PCV from Day 0 to Day 28 (mean increase 6 ± 6 percentage points [pp]; n = 21), Day 42 (8 ± 9 pp; n = 21), Day 56 (10 ± 11 pp; n = 17), and Day 70 (13 ± 14 pp, n = 14). Twelve cats were hypertensive at baseline, 4 of which developed encephalopathy during the study. An additional 6 cats became hypertensive during the study. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Results of this study suggest that SB-001 therapy represents a suitable single injection treatment that can address nonregenerative anemia in cats with CKD. It was generally well tolerated; however, hypertension and encephalopathy developed in some cats as previously described in association with erythropoiesis-stimulating agent therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly L. Vaden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina27607USA
| | - Allison R. Kendall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth Carolina27607USA
| | | | - Heidi L. New
- VCA Sacramento Veterinary Referral CenterSacramentoCalifornia95287USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christian J. Hinderer
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104USA
| | | | - James M. Wilson
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania19104USA
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Weng S, Ma H, Lin T, He Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang H, Zhang W, Xu Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mce2D protein blocks M1 polarization in macrophages by inhibiting the ERK signaling pathway. Microb Pathog 2023; 184:106367. [PMID: 37778704 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play a pivotal role in controlling Mycobacterium infection, and the pathogen thrives in the event of immune evasion and immunosuppression of macrophages. Mammalian cell entry proteins (Mce) are required for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) growth and the host cell's initial phagocytosis and cytokine response. Mce2D protein is one of a family of proteins that infect M. tb; however, the function and mechanism of action remain unclear. In this study, we constructed the Mce2D knockout strain using Mycobacterium smegmatis to study the function of Mce2D in the infection of macrophages. The results indicated that compared to the knockout strain, the release of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) reduced when WT strain infected the macrophages. Moreover, Mce2D boosted the metabolism of oxidized fatty acids, increased the energy supply of TCA, and lowered the glycolysis of glucose in macrophages after bacterial infection, all of which prevented the polarization of macrophages to M1, which was driven by the fact that Mce2D blocked ERK2 phosphorylation by interacting with ERK2 through its DEF motif. This, in turn, promoted nuclear translocation of HIF-1α, allowing signal accumulation, which increased the HIF-1α transcription levels. Finally, the mouse infection experiment showed that Mce2D caused blockage of M1 polarization of alveolar macrophages, resulting in reduced bactericidal activity and antigen presentation, weakening Th1 cell-mediated immune response and helping bacteria escape the immune system. Our results reveal that Mce2D causes immune escape by blocking M1 polarization in macrophages, providing potential targets for the rational design of therapies against M. tb infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixia Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Taiyue Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumo He
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Honghai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections, Shanghai, China.
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Vatte S, Ugale R. HIF-1, an important regulator in potential new therapeutic approaches to ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2023; 170:105605. [PMID: 37657765 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide due to the narrow therapeutic window of the only approved therapies like intravenous thrombolysis and thrombectomy. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a sensitive regulator of oxygen homeostasis, and its expression is rapidly induced after hypoxia/ischemia. It plays an extensive role in the pathophysiology of stroke by regulating multiple pathways including glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, neuronal survival, neuroinflammation and blood brain barrier regulation. Here, we give a brief overview of the HIF-1α-targeting strategies currently under investigation and summarise recent research on how HIF-1α is regulated in various brain cells, including neurons and microglia, at various stages in ischemic stroke. The roles of HIF-1 in stroke varies with ischemic time and degree of ischemia, are still up for debate. More focus has been placed on prospective HIF-1α targeting drugs, such as HIF-1α activator, HIF-1α stabilizers, and natural compounds. In this review, we have highlighted the regulation of HIF-1α in the novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Vatte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440033, India.
| | - Rajesh Ugale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, 440033, India.
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35
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Rodrigues AF, Bader M. The contribution of the AT1 receptor to erythropoiesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115805. [PMID: 37714274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) comprises a broad set of functional peptides and receptors that play a role in cardiovascular homeostasis and contribute to cardiovascular pathologies. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the most potent peptide hormone produced by the RAS due to its high abundance and its strong and pleiotropic impact on the cardiovascular system. Formation of Ang II takes place in the bloodstream and additionally in tissues in the so-called local RAS. Of the two Ang II receptors (AT1 and AT2) that Ang II binds to, AT1 is the most expressed throughout the mammalian body. AT1 expression is not restricted to cells of the cardiovascular system but in fact AT1 protein is found in nearly all organs, hence, Ang II takes part in several modulatory physiological processes one of which is erythropoiesis. In this review, we present multiple evidence supporting that Ang II modulates physiological and pathological erythropoiesis processes trough the AT1 receptor. Cumulative evidence indicates that Ang II by three distinct mechanisms influences erythropoiesis: 1) stimulation of renal erythropoietin synthesis; 2) direct action on bone marrow precursor cells; and 3) modulation of sympathetic nerve activity to the bone marrow. The text highlights clinical and preclinical evidence focusing on mechanistic studies using rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F Rodrigues
- Max Delbrück Center (MDC), Berlin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Bader
- Max Delbrück Center (MDC), Berlin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Germany; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
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Kondratov KA, Artamonov AA, Mikhailovskii VY, Velmiskina AA, Mosenko SV, Grigoryev EA, Anisenkova AY, Nikitin YV, Apalko SV, Sushentseva NN, Ivanov AM, Scherbak SG. SARS-CoV-2 Impact on Red Blood Cell Morphology. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2902. [PMID: 38001903 PMCID: PMC10669871 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe COVID-19 alters the biochemical and morphological characteristics of blood cells in a wide variety of ways. To date, however, the vast majority of research has been devoted to the study of leukocytes, while erythrocyte morphological changes have received significantly less attention. The aim of this research was to identify erythrocyte morphology abnormalities that occur in COVID-19, compare the number of different poikilocyte types, and measure erythrocyte sizes to provide data on size dispersion. Red blood cells obtained from 6 control donors (800-2200 cells per donor) and 5 COVID-19 patients (800-1900 cells per patient) were examined using low-voltage scanning electron microscopy. We did not discover any forms of erythrocyte morphology abnormalities that would be specific to COVID-19. Among COVID-19 patients, we observed an increase in the number of acanthocytes (p = 0.01) and a decrease in the number of spherocytes (p = 0.03). In addition, our research demonstrates that COVID-19 causes an increase in the median (p = 0.004) and interquartile range (p = 0.009) when assessing erythrocyte size. The limitation of our study is a small number of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A. Kondratov
- City Hospital No. 40, St. Petersburg 197706, Russia
- S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg 194044, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | | | | | - Anastasiya A. Velmiskina
- City Hospital No. 40, St. Petersburg 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Mosenko
- City Hospital No. 40, St. Petersburg 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | | | - Anna Yu. Anisenkova
- City Hospital No. 40, St. Petersburg 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Yuri V. Nikitin
- S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg 194044, Russia
| | - Svetlana V. Apalko
- City Hospital No. 40, St. Petersburg 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | | | - Andrey M. Ivanov
- S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg 194044, Russia
| | - Sergey G. Scherbak
- City Hospital No. 40, St. Petersburg 197706, Russia
- Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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Wang S, Lu Y, Chi T, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Guo H, Feng L. Identification of ferroptosis-related genes in type 2 diabetes mellitus based on machine learning. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1036. [PMID: 37904700 PMCID: PMC10566453 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which has a high incidence and several harmful consequences, poses a severe danger to human health. Research on the function of ferroptosis in T2DM is increasing. This study uses bioinformatics techniques identify new diagnostic T2DM biomarkers associated with ferroptosis. METHODS To identify ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) that are differentially expressed between T2DM patients and healthy individuals, we first obtained T2DM sequencing data and FRGs from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and FerrDb database. Then, drug-gene interaction networks and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks linked to the marker genes were built after marker genes were filtered by two machine learning algorithms (LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms). Finally, to confirm the expression of marker genes, the GSE76895 dataset was utilized. The protein and RNA expression of some marker genes in T2DM and nondiabetic tissues was also examined by Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS We obtained 58 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with ferroptosis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in hypoxia and ferroptosis. Subsequently, eight marker genes (SCD, CD44, HIF1A, BCAT2, MTF1, HILPDA, NR1D2, and MYCN) were screened by LASSO and SVM-RFE machine learning algorithms, and a model was constructed based on these eight genes. This model also has high diagnostic power. In addition, based on these eight genes, we obtained 48 drugs and constructed a complex ceRNA network map. Finally, Western blotting, IHC, IF, and qRT-PCR results of clinical samples further confirmed the results of public databases. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis and aetiology of T2DM can be greatly aided by eight FRGs, providing novel therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Abdominal Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qian Foshan HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Yongpan Lu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qian Foshan HospitalJinanShandongChina
| | - Tingting Chi
- Department of Acupuncture and RehabilitationThe Affiliated Qingdao Hai Ci Hospital of Qingdao University (West Hospital Area)QingdaoShandongChina
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Abdominal Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qian Foshan HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Yuli Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Abdominal Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qian Foshan HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Huimin Guo
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Abdominal Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qian Foshan HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Abdominal Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qian Foshan HospitalShandong First Medical UniversityJinanShandongChina
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Shirako S, Ulfa SM, Nishidono Y, Dwijayanti DR, Okuyama T, Nakatake R, Tanaka K, Ikeya Y, Nishizawa M. Hydrophobic constituents of Polygonum multiflorum roots promote renal erythropoietin expression in healthy mice. J Nat Med 2023; 77:880-890. [PMID: 37587329 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01737-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Polygonum multiflorum Thunberg (Polygonaceae) are used as a crude drug Kashu that is considered to improve blood deficiency based on a Kampo concept. Kashu has been included in Kampo formulas, such as Tokiinshi, which is used to treat eczema and dermatitis with itchiness by inhibiting inflammation and facilitating blood circulation in the skin. However, the effects of P. multiflorum roots on erythropoiesis are unclear. Previously, we isolated six phenolic constituents from an ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-soluble fraction of P. multiflorum root extract and identified them as (E)-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside [(E)-THSG], emodin, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, physcion, physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and catechin. To examine whether P. multiflorum roots facilitate erythropoiesis, the EtOAc-soluble fraction was orally administered to healthy ICR mice. When compared with mice fed a standard diet alone (Controls), the mice fed a diet including the EtOAc-soluble fraction exhibited significantly higher serum erythropoietin (Epo) levels. The renal Epo mRNA levels in EtOAc-soluble fraction-administered mice were significantly higher than those in the control mice. Then, we administered roxadustat, which is a drug to treat the patient suffering with renal anemia by specifically inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylases. Roxadustat slightly increased renal Epo mRNA levels in healthy mice. Administration of (E)-THSG, a major constituent, significantly increased serum Epo levels. It is likely that (E)-THSG may facilitate the process to convert inactive renal Epo-producing cells to active Epo-producing cells. Collectively, it is implied that (E)-THSG in the EtOAc-soluble fraction of P. multiflorum roots may primarily improve blood deficiency of Kampo concept by promoting erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Shirako
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Siti Mariyah Ulfa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Jawa, 65145, Indonesia
- Asia-Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan Asia-Japan Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Iwakura-cho, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-8570, Japan
| | - Yuto Nishidono
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Dinia Rizqi Dwijayanti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Jawa, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Tetsuya Okuyama
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Richi Nakatake
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yukinobu Ikeya
- Asia-Japan Research Institute, Ritsumeikan Asia-Japan Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Iwakura-cho, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-8570, Japan.
- Center for Supporting Pharmaceutical Education, Faculty of Pharmacy, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8511, Japan.
| | - Mikio Nishizawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
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Jain C, Parimi S, Huang W, Hannifin S, Singhal R, Das NK, Lee KE, Shah YM. Myeloid Hif2α is not essential to maintain systemic iron homeostasis. Exp Hematol 2023; 125-126:25-36.e1. [PMID: 37562670 PMCID: PMC11046397 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Dietary consumption serves as the primary source of iron uptake, and erythropoiesis acts as a major regulator of systemic iron demand. In addition to intestinal iron absorption, macrophages play a crucial role in recycling iron from senescent red blood cells. The kidneys are responsible for the production of erythropoietin (Epo), which stimulates erythropoiesis, whereas the liver plays a central role in producing the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin. The transcriptional regulator hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)2α has a central role in the regulation of Epo, hepcidin, and intestinal iron absorption and therefore plays a crucial role in coordinating the tissue crosstalk to maintain systemic iron demands. However, the precise involvement of Hif2α in macrophages in terms of iron homeostasis remains uncertain. Our study demonstrates that deleting Hif2α in macrophages does not disrupt the expression of iron transporters or basal erythropoiesis. Mice lacking Hif2α in myeloid cells exhibited no discernible differences in hemodynamic parameters, including hemoglobin concentrations and erythrocyte count, when compared with littermate controls. This similarity was observed under conditions of both dietary iron deficiency and acute erythropoietic demand. Notably, we observed a significant increase in the expression of iron transporters in the duodenum during iron deficiency, indicating heightened iron absorption. Therefore, our findings suggest that the disruption of Hif2α in myeloid cells does not significantly impact systemic iron homeostasis under normal physiologic conditions. However, its disruption induces adaptive physiologic changes in response to elevated iron demand, potentially serving as a mechanism to sustain increased erythropoietic demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chesta Jain
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sanjana Parimi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Wesley Huang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Sean Hannifin
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Rashi Singhal
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Nupur K Das
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Kyoung Eun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Yatrik M Shah
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
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Christakoudi S, Tsilidis KK, Evangelou E, Riboli E. Associations of obesity and body shape with erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters in the UK Biobank cohort. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:161. [PMID: 37528422 PMCID: PMC10394790 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic low-grade inflammation. Although chronic inflammatory conditions and diabetes are associated with anaemia, less is known about associations of obesity and body shape, independent of each other, with erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters. METHODS We investigated the associations of body mass index (BMI) and the allometric body shape index (ABSI) and hip index (HI), which are uncorrelated with BMI, with erythrocyte and reticulocyte parameters (all continuous, on a standard deviation (SD) scale) in UK Biobank participants without known metabolic, endocrine, or major inflammatory conditions (glycated haemoglobin HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol, C-reactive protein CRP < 10 mg/L). We examined erythrocyte count, total reticulocyte count and percent, immature reticulocyte count and fraction (IRF), haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin mass (MCH) and concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular and reticulocyte volumes (MCV, MRV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) in multivariable linear regression models. We additionally defined body shape phenotypes with dichotomised ABSI (≥ 73 women; ≥ 80 men) and HI (≥ 64 women; ≥ 49 men), including "pear" (small-ABSI-large-HI) and "apple" (large-ABSI-small-HI), and examined these in groups according to BMI (18.5-25 normal weight; 25-30 overweight; 30-45 kg/m2 obese). RESULTS In 105,853 women and 100,854 men, BMI and ABSI were associated positively with haemoglobin, haematocrit, and erythrocyte count, and more strongly with total reticulocyte count and percent, immature reticulocyte count and IRF. HI was associated inversely with all, but least with IRF. Associations were comparable in women and men. In groups according to obesity and body shape, erythrocyte count was ~ 0.6 SD higher for obese-"apple" compared to normal-weight-"pear" phenotype (SD = 0.31*1012/L women, SD = 0.34*1012/L men), total reticulocyte count was ~ 1.1 SD higher (SD = 21.1*109/L women, SD = 23.6*109/L men), immature reticulocyte count was ~ 1.2 SD higher (SD = 7.9*109/L women, SD = 8.8*109/L men), total reticulocyte percent was ~ 1.0 SD higher (SD = 0.48% women and men), and IFR was over 0.7 SD higher (SD = 5.7% women and men). BMI but not ABSI or HI was associated more weakly inversely with MCV, MRV, and MCH, but positively with MCHC in men and RDW in women. CONCLUSIONS In obesity uncomplicated with diabetes, larger BMI and ABSI are associated with increased erythropoiesis and reticulocyte immaturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Christakoudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
- Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
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Hain D, Bednarski D, Cahill M, Dix A, Foote B, Haras MS, Pace R, Gutiérrez OM. Iron-Deficiency Anemia in CKD: A Narrative Review for the Kidney Care Team. Kidney Med 2023; 5:100677. [PMID: 37415621 PMCID: PMC10319843 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2023.100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with increased mortality and reduced health-related quality of life. Anemia is characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin, the iron-rich protein that the body uses for oxygen transport. Iron is required to produce hemoglobin, and disruptions in the iron homeostasis can lead to iron-deficiency anemia. Management of anemia in individuals with CKD is typically performed by a team of physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, or registered nurses. Throughout the care continuum, the management can be enhanced by multidisciplinary care, and individuals with CKD can benefit from the involvement of other specialties, with dietitians/nutritionists playing an important role. However, a key area of unmet clinical need is how to assess and address iron-deficiency anemia. This review aims to provide an overview of iron-deficiency anemia in CKD and how this may be diagnosed and managed by the entire kidney care team, such as describing the mechanisms underlying iron homeostasis, the complications of iron-deficiency anemia, and the current challenges associated with its diagnosis and treatment in CKD. Opportunities for each multidisciplinary team member to add value to the care of individuals with CKD and iron-deficiency anemia are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Hain
- Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL
| | - Donna Bednarski
- Detroit Medical Center Harper University Hospital, Detroit, MI
| | | | - Amy Dix
- Akebia Therapeutics Inc, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Mary S. Haras
- Georgetown University School of Nursing, Washington, DC
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Wu Y, Zhang L, Sun Z, Qiu X, Chen Y, Su K, Yang L, Du Z, Dong Y, Yang F, Li X, Zhang X. Preferred Conformation-Guided Discovery of Potent and Orally Active HIF Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Anemia. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37367818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we discovered a novel series of prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) inhibitors with improved metabolic properties based on a preferred conformation-guided drug design strategy. Piperidinyl-containing linkers with preferred metabolic stability were designed to match the dihedral angle of the desired docking conformation in the PHD2 binding site with the lowest energy conformation. Based on the piperidinyl-containing linkers, a series of PHD2 inhibitors with high PHD2 affinity and favorable druggability were obtained. Remarkably, compound 22, with an IC50 of 22.53 nM toward PHD2, significantly stabilized hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIF-α) and upregulated the expression of erythropoietin (EPO). Furthermore, oral administration of 22 dose-dependently stimulated erythropoiesis in vivo. Preliminary preclinical studies showed that 22 has good pharmacokinetic properties and an excellent safety profile, even at 10 times the efficacious dose (200 mg/kg). Taken together, these results indicate that 22 is a promising candidate for anemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Linjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhuoli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xusheng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yafen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Kaijun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhongqiu Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fulai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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Li QQ, Zhang J, Wang HY, Niu SF, Wu RX, Tang BG, Wang QH, Liang ZB, Liang YS. Transcriptomic Response of the Liver Tissue in Trachinotus ovatus to Acute Heat Stress. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2053. [PMID: 37443851 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Trachinotus ovatus is a major economically important cultured marine fish in the South China Sea. However, extreme weather and increased culture density result in uncontrollable problems, such as increases in water temperature and a decline in dissolved oxygen (DO), hindering the high-quality development of aquaculture. In this study, liver transcriptional profiles of T. ovatus were investigated under acute high-temperature stress (31 °C and 34 °C) and normal water temperature (27 °C) using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology. Differential expression analysis and STEM analysis showed that 1347 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and four significant profiles (profiles 0, 3, 4, and 7) were screened, respectively. Of these DEGs, some genes involved in heat shock protein (HSPs), hypoxic adaptation, and glycolysis were up-regulated, while some genes involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and fatty acid metabolism were down-regulated. Our results suggest that protein dynamic balance and function, hypoxia adaptation, and energy metabolism transformation are crucial in response to acute high-temperature stress. Our findings contribute to understanding the molecular response mechanism of T. ovatus under acute heat stress, which may provide some reference for studying the molecular mechanisms of other fish in response to heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Li
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Hong-Yang Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Su-Fang Niu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Ren-Xie Wu
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Bao-Gui Tang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Qing-Hua Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Zhen-Bang Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yan-Shan Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Wang Y, Li Y, Liu D. Erythropoietin promoted intraplaque angiogenesis by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in atherosclerosis. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102084. [PMID: 37060746 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate role of erythropoietin in atherosclerosis and explore whether underlying mechanism is associated with PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. METHODS High-fat-diet-induced atherosclerosis model was established in apolipoprotein E knockout mice (C57BL/6 genetic background). Mice were randomly divided into the control group and the EPO group. Hematoxylin-eosin was performed for the determination of atherosclerotic lesions. The expression levels of related proteins were detected by western blot analysis. RESULTS Erythropoietin significantly enhanced the incidence of hemorrhage in atherosclerotic plaques compared with the control group. The proteins' expression signaling pathways (including PI3K, AKT, and mTOR) and angiogenesis-related proteins (VEGF, COX-2, and HIF-1α) were proved to be up-regulated by erythropoietin. Additionally, erythropoietin significantly enhanced the incidence of hemorrhage in the atherosclerotic plaques compared with the control group. The vitro experiments were conducted in macrophages at 21% O2 or 1% O2. The data showed that expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, VEGF, COX-2, and HIF-1α related proteins increased in 1% O2 group than 21% O2 group. Moreover, compared with control group, protein expression including p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, VEGF, COX-2, and HIF-1α was markedly increased in EPO group, decreased in inhibitors group, and similar results were observed in EPO+ inhibitors group. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that erythropoietin might promote angiogenesis in atherosclerotic vulnerable by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in atherosclerotic, providing a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerotic targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China.; Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Yongjun Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China.; Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China.
| | - Dongxia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
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Yasuoka Y, Izumi Y, Sands JM, Kawahara K, Nonoguchi H. Progress in the Detection of Erythropoietin in Blood, Urine, and Tissue. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114446. [PMID: 37298922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of erythropoietin (Epo) was difficult until a method was developed by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). WADA recommended the Western blot technique using isoelectric focusing (IEF)-PAGE to show that natural Epo and injected erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) appear in different pH areas. Next, they used sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate (SAR)-PAGE for better differentiation of pegylated proteins, such as epoetin β pegol. Although WADA has recommended the use of pre-purification of samples, we developed a simple Western blotting method without pre-purification of samples. Instead of pre-purification, we used deglycosylation of samples before SDS-PAGE. The double detection of glycosylated and deglycosylated Epo bands increases the reliability of the detection of Epo protein. All of the endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs shift to 22 kDa, except for Peg-bound epoetin β pegol. All endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs were detected as 22 kDa deglycosylated Epo by liquid chromatography/mass spectrum (LC/MS) analysis. The most important factor for the detection of Epo is the selection of the antibody against Epo. WADA recommended clone AE7A5, and we used sc-9620. Both antibodies are useful for the detection of Epo protein by Western blotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yasuoka
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jeff M Sands
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Drive, WMB Room 3313, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Katsumasa Kawahara
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Japan
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Zhang SY, Bruce K, Danaei Z, Li RJW, Barros DR, Kuah R, Lim YM, Mariani LH, Cherney DZ, Chiu JFM, Reich HN, Lam TKT. Metformin triggers a kidney GDF15-dependent area postrema axis to regulate food intake and body weight. Cell Metab 2023; 35:875-886.e5. [PMID: 37060902 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, the most widely prescribed medication for obesity-associated type 2 diabetes (T2D), lowers plasma glucose levels, food intake, and body weight in rodents and humans, but the mechanistic site(s) of action remain elusive. Metformin increases plasma growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels to regulate energy balance, while GDF15 administration activates GDNF family receptor α-like (GFRAL) that is highly expressed in the area postrema (AP) and the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) of the hindbrain to lower food intake and body weight. However, the tissue-specific contribution of plasma GDF15 levels after metformin treatment is still under debate. Here, we found that metformin increased plasma GDF15 levels in high-fat (HF) fed male rats through the upregulation of GDF15 synthesis in the kidney. Importantly, the kidney-specific knockdown of GDF15 expression as well as the AP-specific knockdown of GFRAL expression negated the ability of metformin to lower food intake and body weight gain. Taken together, we unveil the kidney as a target of metformin to regulate energy homeostasis through a kidney GDF15-dependent AP axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yang Zhang
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada
| | - Kyla Bruce
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Zahra Danaei
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Rosa J W Li
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Daniel R Barros
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Rachel Kuah
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Yu-Mi Lim
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Medical Research Institute, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Republic of Korea
| | - Laura H Mariani
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - David Z Cherney
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Jennifer F M Chiu
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Heather N Reich
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada
| | - Tony K T Lam
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, UHN, Toronto, ON M5G1L7, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S1A8, Canada; Banting and Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G2C4, Canada.
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47
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Diaz-Canestro C, Sehgal A, Montero D. Acute regulation of erythropoietin via lower body negative pressure: Influence of sex and age. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:535-541. [PMID: 36632690 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of erythropoiesis via hemodynamic stimuli such as reduced central blood volume (CBV) remains uncertain in women and elderly individuals. This study assessed the acute effects of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) on key endocrine biomarkers regulating erythropoiesis, that is, erythropoietin (EPO) and copeptin, in young and older women and men (n = 87). Transthoracic echocardiography and hemodynamics were assessed throughout incremental LBNP levels for 1 hour, or until presyncope, with established methods. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline and immediately after termination of the orthostatic tolerance (OT) test for subsequent hormone analyses. The average age of young women and men (33.1 ± 6.0 vs. 29.5 ± 6.9 yr) and older women and men (63.8 ± 8.0 vs. 65.3 ± 8.9 yr) as well as their physical activity levels were matched within each age and sex group. CBV, as determined by right atrial volume, was reduced in all individuals at the end of the OT test (p < 0.001). The average OT time ranged from 50.1 to 58.1 min in all individuals. LBNP increased circulating EPO in young women (p = 0.023) but not in young men or older individuals. Copeptin was increased in all individuals with LBNP but was exclusively associated with EPO in men (r = 0.39, p = 0.013). The present study indicates that the acute hemodynamic regulation of EPO production is both sex- and age-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candela Diaz-Canestro
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Arshia Sehgal
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Montero
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Division of Kinesiology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.,Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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48
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Tupý J. Anemia of inflammatory: does eiderr knowledge mean better diagnosis and treatment? VNITŘNÍ LÉKAŘSTVÍ 2023; 69:10-18. [PMID: 37072261 DOI: 10.36290/vnl.2023.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Anemia, which is a manifestation of the deterioration of patients' health and performance, is a common concomitant condition in diseases with signs of inflammation activation. This anemia - anemia of inflammation, is caused by disturbances of iron metabolism that lead to iron retention within macrophages, cytokine mediated inhibition of erythropoietin function and erythroid progenitor cell differentiation, and a reduced erytrocyte half-life. Anemia is usually mild to moderate, normocytic and normochromic. It is characterized by low iron circulation, but normal to increased levels of stored ferritin and the hormone hepcidin. The primary therapeutic approach is the treatment of the underlying inflammatory disease. In case of failure, iron supplementation and / or treatment with erythropoietin stimulating agents may be used. Blood transfusions are just an emergency treatment for life-threatening anemia. A new treatment modalities with hepcidin-modifying strategies and stabilizers of hypoxia inducible factors is emerging. However, their therapeutic efficacy needs to be verified and evaluated in clinical trials.
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49
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Mardyła M, Teległów A, Ptaszek B, Jekiełek M, Mańko G, Marchewka J. Effects of Rowing on Rheological Properties of Blood. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5159. [PMID: 36982070 PMCID: PMC10049505 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the selected hematological and rheological indices in female rowers during the competitive season. The study included 10 female rowers (aged 21.2 ± 2.6) and the control group consisted of 10 woman of corresponding age (non-athletes). The examination of athletes took place two times: at the beginning of the season during high endurance low intensity training period in January (baseline) and at the end of the competitive season in October (after). Blood samples taken from all woman were analyzed for hematological and rheological parameters. The training period of rowers during the 10 months resulted in decrease in red blood cell count and RBC deformability, in contrast to an improvement in some rheological functions such a decrease in fibrinogen concentration, plasma viscosity and aggregation index. The training program practice in rowing modulated some hematological and rheological indices. Some of them positively influenced the cardiovascular system and reduced potential risks connected with hard training and dehydration, but others may have followed from overtraining or not enough relaxation time between training units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Mardyła
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Teległów
- Department of Health Promotion, Institute of Basic Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Ptaszek
- Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jekiełek
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Mańko
- Department of Biomechanics and Kinesiology, Institute of Physiotherapy, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, 31-126 Krakow, Poland
- ORNR “Krzeszowice”, Rehabilitation Center, Daszyńskiego 1, 32-065 Krzeszowice, Poland
| | - Jakub Marchewka
- Department of Rehabilitation in Traumatology, Institute of Clinical Rehabilitation, University of Physical Education in Krakow, 31-571 Krakow, Poland
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50
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Zhang L, Liu X, Wei Q, Zou L, Zhou L, Yu Y, Wang D. Arginine attenuates chronic mountain sickness in rats via microRNA-144-5p. Mamm Genome 2023; 34:76-89. [PMID: 36763178 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-023-09980-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia is an environmental stress leading to high-altitude pulmonary hypertension. While high-altitude pulmonary hypertension has been linked to high hematocrit findings (chronic mountain sickness; CMS). The present study is designed to investigate the effect of arginine (ARG) on hypobaric hypoxia-induced CMS of rats. Hypobaric hypoxia resulted in lower body weight, decreased appetite, increased pulmonary artery pressure, and deteriorated lung tissue damage in rats. Red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin values and blood viscosity were increased in rats, which were alleviated by ARG. microRNA (miRNA) microarray analysis was used to filter differentially expressed miRNAs after ARG in rats. miR-144-5p was reduced under hypobaric hypoxia and upregulated by ARG. miR-144-5p silencing aggravated the erythrocytosis and hyperviscosity in rats, and also accentuated tissue damage and excessive accumulation of RBC. The role of miR-144-5p in rats with CMS was achieved by blocking erythropoietin (EPO)/erythropoietin receptor (EPOR). In conclusion, ARG alleviated CMS symptoms in rodents exposed to hypobaric hypoxia by decreasing EPO/EPOR via miR-144-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiying Zhang
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxia Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyang Zou
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China.
| | - Deqing Wang
- Chinese PLA Medical School, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China.
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