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Ohlstein EH. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CXVI: NC-IUPHAR and Pharmacological Reviews: 30+ Years of Collaboration-Editorial. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:622-624. [PMID: 39147407 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.124.001409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eliot H Ohlstein
- Personal Therapeutics Inc., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Thai BS, Chia LY, Nguyen ATN, Qin C, Ritchie RH, Hutchinson DS, Kompa A, White PJ, May LT. Targeting G protein-coupled receptors for heart failure treatment. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2270-2286. [PMID: 37095602 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current treatment for patients with heart failure include drugs targeting G protein-coupled receptors such as β-adrenoceptor antagonists (β-blockers) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (or angiotensin II receptor blockers). However, many patients progress to advanced heart failure with persistent symptoms, despite treatment with available therapeutics that have been shown to reduce mortality and mortality. GPCR targets currently being explored for the development of novel heart failure therapeutics include adenosine receptor, formyl peptide receptor, relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor, vasopressin receptor, endothelin receptor and the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor. Many GPCR drug candidates are limited by insufficient efficacy and/or dose-limiting unwanted effects. Understanding the current challenges hindering successful clinical translation and the potential to overcome existing limitations will facilitate the future development of novel heart failure therapeutics. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue Therapeutic Targeting of G Protein-Coupled Receptors: hot topics from the Australasian Society of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacologists and Toxicologists 2021 Virtual Annual Scientific Meeting. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bui San Thai
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ling Yeong Chia
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anh T N Nguyen
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chengxue Qin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dana S Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew Kompa
- Department Medicine and Radiology, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J White
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren T May
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Bahabayi A, Alimu X, Wang G, Gao Y, Chen Y, Zhao J, Lian X, Li Q, Xiong Z, Zhang Z, Wang P, Liu C. VNN2-expressing circulating monocytes exhibit unique functional characteristics and are decreased in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. J Autoimmun 2024; 147:103275. [PMID: 38936146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to elucidate the significance of VNN2 expression in peripheral blood monocytes and its clinical relevance in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). METHODS We investigated VNN2 expression by analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect and compare VNN2 expression in total monocytes, classical monocytes (cMo), intermediate monocytes (iMo) and non-classical monocytes (ncMo). Additionally, we examined the expression of HLA, ICAM1, CD62L, ITGAM, S100A8, S100A9, CCR2, CCR6, CX3CR1 and CXCR3 in VNN2+ and VNN2- cells. We analyzed the correlation between VNN2 expression and clinical indicators and assessed the clinical utility of VNN2+ monocytes in pSS diagnosis using receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS We observed high VNN2 expression in monocytes, with significantly higher levels in CD14++ monocytes compared to ncMo. VNN2+ monocytes exhibited decreased expression of HLA and CD62L and increased expression of ICAM1, ITGAM, S100A8, S100A9, CCR2, CCR6, CX3CR1 and CXCR3 compared to VNN2- monocytes. Although scRNA-seq data showed that VNN2 mRNA was upregulated, cell surface expression of VNN2 was decreased in monocytes from pSS patients compared to healthy controls. The reduced levels of VNN2+ monocyte subpopulations in pSS patients were negatively correlated with anti-ribosome antibody levels and positively correlated with complement 4 levels. Detection of VNN2 expression in monocytes can aid in the auxiliary diagnosis of pSS. CONCLUSION Monocytes expressing cell surface VNN2 are significantly reduced in pSS patients. This suggests a potential role for VNN2 in pSS development and its potential use as a diagnostic marker for pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayibaota Bahabayi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiayidan Alimu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guochong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Xiong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Pingzhang Wang
- Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Research on Major Immunology-related Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China; Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Zheng F, Li W, Cheng C, Xiong D, Wei M, Wang T, Niu D, Hui Q. Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Inhibits Reparative Angiogenesis and Aggravates Neuroretinal Dysfunction in Ischemic Retinopathy. Curr Eye Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38856166 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2363473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ischemic retinopathy is the major cause of vision-threatening conditions. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic retinopathy. Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) has been reported to be implicated in the regulation of inflammatory disorders. However, the role of FPR1 in the progression of ischemic retinal injury has not been fully explained. METHODS The activation of FPR1 was measured by real-time PCR and western blotting in the retina of OIR. The effect of FPR1 on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and relevant pro-angiogenic factors was assessed between wild-type and FPR1-deficiency OIR mice. The impact of FPR1 on retinal angiogenesis was evaluated through quantifying retinal vaso-obliteration and neovascularization between FPR1+/+ and FPR1-/- OIR mice. At last, the neuronal effect of FPR1 on the ischemic retina was investigated by ERG between wild-type and FPR1-deficient OIR mice. RESULTS The expression of FPR1 significantly increased in the retina of OIR. Furthermore, FPR1 deficiency downregulated pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors. Ablation of FPR1 suppressed the retinal pathological neovascularization and promoted reparative revascularization, ultimately improving retinal neural function after ischemic injury. CONCLUSION In ischemic retinopathy, FPR1 aggravates inflammation and inhibits reparative angiogenesis to exacerbate neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minghao Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianze Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongling Niu
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaoyan Hui
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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5
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Köhler D, Leiss V, Beichert L, Killinger S, Grothe D, Kushwaha R, Schröter A, Roslan A, Eggstein C, Focken J, Granja T, Devanathan V, Schittek B, Lukowski R, Weigelin B, Rosenberger P, Nürnberg B, Beer-Hammer S. Targeting Gα i2 in neutrophils protects from myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Basic Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00395-024-01057-x. [PMID: 38811421 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are not only involved in immune defense against infection but also contribute to the exacerbation of tissue damage after ischemia and reperfusion. We have previously shown that genetic ablation of regulatory Gαi proteins in mice has both protective and deleterious effects on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (mIRI), depending on which isoform is deleted. To deepen and analyze these findings in more detail the contribution of Gαi2 proteins in resident cardiac vs circulating blood cells for mIRI was first studied in bone marrow chimeras. In fact, the absence of Gαi2 in all blood cells reduced the extent of mIRI (22,9% infarct size of area at risk (AAR) Gnai2-/- → wt vs 44.0% wt → wt; p < 0.001) whereas the absence of Gαi2 in non-hematopoietic cells increased the infarct damage (66.5% wt → Gnai2-/- vs 44.0% wt → wt; p < 0.001). Previously we have reported the impact of platelet Gαi2 for mIRI. Here, we show that infarct size was substantially reduced when Gαi2 signaling was either genetically ablated in neutrophils/macrophages using LysM-driven Cre recombinase (AAR: 17.9% Gnai2fl/fl LysM-Cre+/tg vs 42.0% Gnai2fl/fl; p < 0.01) or selectively blocked with specific antibodies directed against Gαi2 (AAR: 19.0% (anti-Gαi2) vs 49.0% (IgG); p < 0.001). In addition, the number of platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNCs) in the infarcted area were reduced in both, genetically modified (PNCs: 18 (Gnai2fl/fl; LysM-Cre+/tg) vs 31 (Gnai2fl/fl); p < 0.001) and in anti-Gαi2 antibody-treated (PNCs: 9 (anti-Gαi2) vs 33 (IgG); p < 0.001) mice. Of note, significant infarct-limiting effects were achieved with a single anti-Gαi2 antibody challenge immediately prior to vessel reperfusion without affecting bleeding time, heart rate or cellular distribution of neutrophils. Finally, anti-Gαi2 antibody treatment also inhibited transendothelial migration of human neutrophils (25,885 (IgG) vs 13,225 (anti-Gαi2) neutrophils; p < 0.001), collectively suggesting that a therapeutic concept of functional Gαi2 inhibition during thrombolysis and reperfusion in patients with myocardial infarction should be further considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Veronika Leiss
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Beichert
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Simon Killinger
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniela Grothe
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ragini Kushwaha
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Agnes Schröter
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna Roslan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Eggstein
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jule Focken
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tiago Granja
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vasudharani Devanathan
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, 517507, India
| | - Birgit Schittek
- Division of Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bettina Weigelin
- Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Multiscale Immunoimaging, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Rosenberger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- Department of Pharmacology, Experimental Therapy and Toxicology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomic, Eberhard Karls University, and Interfaculty Center of Pharmacogenomic and Drug Research, Wilhelmstrasse 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) "Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany.
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Fujita Y, Kadota T, Kaneko R, Hirano Y, Fujimoto S, Watanabe N, Kizawa R, Ohtsuka T, Kuwano K, Ochiya T, Araya J. Mitigation of acute lung injury by human bronchial epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles via ANXA1-mediated FPR signaling. Commun Biol 2024; 7:514. [PMID: 38710749 PMCID: PMC11074269 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by respiratory failure resulting from the disruption of the epithelial and endothelial barriers as well as immune system. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of airway epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in maintaining lung homeostasis. We isolated human bronchial epithelial cell-derived EVs (HBEC-EVs), which endogenously express various immune-related surface markers and investigated their immunomodulatory potential in ALI. In ALI cellular models, HBEC-EVs demonstrated immunosuppressive effects by reducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in both THP-1 macrophages and HBECs. Mechanistically, these effects were partially ascribed to nine of the top 10 miRNAs enriched in HBEC-EVs, governing toll-like receptor-NF-κB signaling pathways. Proteomic analysis revealed the presence of proteins in HBEC-EVs involved in WNT and NF-κB signaling pathways, pivotal in inflammation regulation. ANXA1, a constituent of HBEC-EVs, interacts with formyl peptide receptor (FPR)2, eliciting anti-inflammatory responses by suppressing NF-κB signaling in inflamed epithelium, including type II alveolar epithelial cells. In a mouse model of ALI, intratracheal administration of HBEC-EVs reduced lung injury, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cytokine levels. Collectively, these findings suggest the therapeutic potential of HBEC-EVs, through their miRNAs and ANXA1 cargo, in mitigating lung injury and inflammation in ALI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fujita
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Division of Next-Generation Drug Development, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
- Center for Exosome Medical Research, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tsukasa Kadota
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reika Kaneko
- Division of Next-Generation Drug Development, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Hirano
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shota Fujimoto
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoaki Watanabe
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kizawa
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Next-Generation Drug Development, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohtsuka
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kuwano
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Araya
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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AlOmar S, Mitchell JL, AlZahrani E. Lipoxin A4 analogue, BML-111, reduces platelet activation and protects from thrombosis. Thromb J 2024; 22:39. [PMID: 38654303 PMCID: PMC11036777 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-024-00606-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are members of seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors superfamily that exhibit different responses based on the nature of stimulating ligand type. FPRs have been shown to be present in platelets and regulate their function. However, the effect of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) lipid ligands on platelets has not yet been addressed. Hence, we sought to study the role of FPR2/ALX ligand and lipoxin A4 lipid analogue, BML-111, in the modulation of platelet function and thrombus formation. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed subcellular distribution and peripheral mobilisation of FPR2/ALX in stimulated platelets. This variation in distribution was further confirmed using flow cytometry. BML-111 inhibited a range of platelet activities in a dose-dependent manner in response to several platelet agonists. This included aggregation, fibrinogen binding to integrin αIIbβ3, α-granule secretion, dense granule secretion, Ca2 + mobilisation and integrin αIIbβ3-mediated outside-in signaling. The selectivity of BML-111 for FPR2/ALX was confirmed using FPR2/ALX deficient mice in flow cytometry assays. In vitro thrombus formation was also inhibited by various concentrations of BML-111. Moreover, the levels of vasodilator stimulated phosphorylation (VASP-S157) increased significantly after BML-111 treatment in resting and stimulated platelets via protein kinase A (PKA) independently of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling. Together, our findings demonstrate the significance of BML-111 as a modulator of platelet function via FPR2/ALX and unravel the thrombo-protective potentials of BML-111 induced signaling against thrombo-inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shatha AlOmar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Saud University, Prince Turki Ibn Abdulaziz Al Awwal Rd, 12371, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
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Castro-Gomez S, Heneka MT. Innate immune activation in neurodegenerative diseases. Immunity 2024; 57:790-814. [PMID: 38599171 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Activation of the innate immune system following pattern recognition receptor binding has emerged as one of the major pathogenic mechanisms in neurodegenerative disease. Experimental, epidemiological, pathological, and genetic evidence underscores the meaning of innate immune activation during the prodromal as well as clinical phases of several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and frontotemporal dementia. Importantly, innate immune activation and the subsequent release of inflammatory mediators contribute mechanistically to other hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases such as aberrant proteostatis, pathological protein aggregation, cytoskeleton abnormalities, altered energy homeostasis, RNA and DNA defects, and synaptic and network disbalance and ultimately to the induction of neuronal cell death. In this review, we discuss common mechanisms of innate immune activation in neurodegeneration, with particular emphasis on the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and other receptors involved in the detection of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Castro-Gomez
- Center for Neurology, Department of Parkinson, Sleep and Movement Disorders, University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; Institute of Physiology II, University Hospital Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belval, Luxembourg; Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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Tikhonova IV, Dyukina AR, Grinevich AA, Shaykhutdinova ER, Safronova VG. Changed regulation of granulocyte NADPH oxidase activity in the mouse model of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:33-45. [PMID: 38479632 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase is a target of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which causes dysregulation of enzyme. Alterations in regulation of NADPH oxidase activity mediated receptor and non-receptor signaling in bone marrow granulocytes of mice with obesity-induced T2DM were studied. The animals fed high fat diet (516 kcal/100 g) for 16 weeks. NADPH oxidase-related generation of reactive species (RS) at normo- and hyperthermia was estimated using chemiluminescent analysis. The redox status of the cells was assessed by Redox Sensor Red CC-1. Baseline biochemical indicators in blood (glucose, cholesterol, HDL and LDL levels) were significant higher in T2DM mice versus controls. Using specific inhibitors, signaling mediated by formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) to NADPH oxidase was shown to involve PLC, PKC, cytochrome p450 in both control and T2DM groups and PLA2 in controls. In T2DM regulation of NADPH oxidase activity via mFpr1, a high-affinity receptors, occurred with a significant increase of the role of PKC isoforms and suppression of PLA2 participation. Significant differences between this regulation via mFpr2, low-affinity receptors, were not found. Non-receptor activation of NADPH oxidase with ionomycin (Ca2+ ionophore) or phorbol ester (direct activator of PKC isoforms) did not revealed differences in the kinetic parameters between groups at 37 °C and 40 °C. When these agents were used together (synergistic effect), lower sensitivity of cells to ionophore was observed in T2DM at both temperatures. Redox status in responses to opsonized zymosan was higher in T2DM mice at 37 °C and similar to control levels at 40 °C. ROC-analysis identified Tmax, RS production and effect of opsonized zymosan as the most significant predictors for discriminating between groups. It was concluded that Ca2+-dependent/PKC-mediated regulation of NADPH oxidase activity was altered in BM granulocytes from diabetic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Tikhonova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia.
| | - Alsu R Dyukina
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Andrei A Grinevich
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Elvira R Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki, 6, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Valentina G Safronova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st., 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
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10
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Chen H, Yang T, Xu Y, Liang B, Liu X, Cai Y. Anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of colistin sulphate on human PBMCs. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18322. [PMID: 38661452 PMCID: PMC11044820 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In previous studies, CST has been identified as having an immunostimulatory effect on Caenorhabditis elegans and macrophage of rats. Here, we further investigated its immunomodulatory effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). LPS-stimulated PBMCs inflammatory model was established. Flow cytometry was applied to measure phagocytosis of PBMCs. Cytokine mRNA and protein expression levels of LPS-stimulated PBMCs with or without CST were measured by qRT-PCR and ELISA. The transcriptomic profile of CST-treated PBMCs was investigated by RNA-sequencing. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encylopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were applied to find potential signalling pathways. PBMCs showed a significant increase in phagocytic activity at 6 h after being incubated with CST at the concentration of 10 μg/mL. In the presence of LPS, CST maintained and promoted the expression of TNF-α and chemokine CCL24. The content of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ, which were released from LPS-stimulated PBMCs, was reduced by CST at 6 h. Anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-13 and TGF-β1, were significantly increased by CST at 24 h. A total of 277 differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) were detected and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction was highly enriched. CST presented obvious anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects in LPS-induced PBMCs inflammatory model not only by improving the ability of PBMCs to clear pathogens but also by decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines. And the mechanism may be related to cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Chen
- Department of PharmacyCenter of Medicine Clinical Research, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of PharmacyZigong Fourth People's HospitalZigongChina
| | - Tianli Yang
- Department of PharmacyCenter of Medicine Clinical Research, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLAGraduate School of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yiran Xu
- Department of PharmacyCenter of Medicine Clinical Research, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- The Second Naval Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLASanyaChina
| | - Beibei Liang
- Department of PharmacyCenter of Medicine Clinical Research, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xianyong Liu
- Medical School of Chinese PLAGraduate School of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryThe First Medical Center, PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yun Cai
- Department of PharmacyCenter of Medicine Clinical Research, Medical Supplies Center, PLA General HospitalBeijingChina
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11
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Zaid A, Ariel A. Harnessing anti-inflammatory pathways and macrophage nano delivery to treat inflammatory and fibrotic disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115204. [PMID: 38342241 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Targeting specific organs and cell types using nanotechnology and sophisticated delivery methods has been at the forefront of applicative biomedical sciences lately. Macrophages are an appealing target for immunomodulation by nanodelivery as they are heavily involved in various aspects of many diseases and are highly plastic in their nature. Their continuum of functional "polarization" states has been a research focus for many years yielding a profound understanding of various aspects of these cells. The ability of monocyte-derived macrophages to metamorphose from pro-inflammatory to reparative and consequently to pro-resolving effectors has raised significant interest in its therapeutic potential. Here, we briefly survey macrophages' ontogeny and various polarization phenotypes, highlighting their function in the inflammation-resolution shift. We review their inducing mediators, signaling pathways, and biological programs with emphasis on the nucleic acid sensing-IFN-I axis. We also portray the polarization spectrum of macrophages and the characteristics of their transition between different subtypes. Finally, we highlighted different current drug delivery methods for targeting macrophages with emphasis on nanotargeting that might lead to breakthroughs in the treatment of wound healing, bone regeneration, autoimmune, and fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zaid
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838 Israel
| | - Amiram Ariel
- Department of Biology and Human Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838 Israel.
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12
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Torp MK, Stensløkken KO, Vaage J. When Our Best Friend Becomes Our Worst Enemy: The Mitochondrion in Trauma, Surgery, and Critical Illness. J Intensive Care Med 2024:8850666241237715. [PMID: 38505947 DOI: 10.1177/08850666241237715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Common for major surgery, multitrauma, sepsis, and critical illness, is a whole-body inflammation. Tissue injury is able to trigger a generalized inflammatory reaction. Cell death causes release of endogenous structures termed damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that initiate a sterile inflammation. Mitochondria are evolutionary endosymbionts originating from bacteria, containing molecular patterns similar to bacteria. These molecular patterns are termed mitochondrial DAMPs (mDAMPs). Mitochondrial debris released into the extracellular space or into the circulation is immunogenic and damaging secondary to activation of the innate immune system. In the circulation, released mDAMPS are either free or exist in extracellular vesicles, being able to act on every organ and cell in the body. However, the role of mDAMPs in trauma and critical care is not fully clarified. There is a complete lack of knowledge how they may be counteracted in patients. Among mDAMPs are mitochondrial DNA, cardiolipin, N-formyl peptides, cytochrome C, adenosine triphosphate, reactive oxygen species, succinate, and mitochondrial transcription factor A. In this overview, we present the different mDAMPs, their function, release, targets, and inflammatory potential. In light of present knowledge, the role of mDAMPs in the pathophysiology of major surgery and trauma as well as sepsis, and critical care is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Kristin Torp
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway
| | - Kåre-Olav Stensløkken
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jarle Vaage
- Section of Physiology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Rizo-Téllez SA, Filep JG. Beyond host defense and tissue injury: the emerging role of neutrophils in tissue repair. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C661-C683. [PMID: 38189129 PMCID: PMC11193466 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00652.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant immune cells in human blood, play a fundamental role in host defense against invading pathogens and tissue injury. Neutrophils carry potentially lethal weaponry to the affected site. Inadvertent and perpetual neutrophil activation could lead to nonresolving inflammation and tissue damage, a unifying mechanism of many common diseases. The prevailing view emphasizes the dichotomy of their function, host defense versus tissue damage. However, tissue injury may also persist during neutropenia, which is associated with disease severity and poor outcome. Numerous studies highlight neutrophil phenotypic heterogeneity and functional versatility, indicating that neutrophils play more complex roles than previously thought. Emerging evidence indicates that neutrophils actively orchestrate resolution of inflammation and tissue repair and facilitate return to homeostasis. Thus, neutrophils mobilize multiple mechanisms to limit the inflammatory reaction, assure debris removal, matrix remodeling, cytokine scavenging, macrophage reprogramming, and angiogenesis. In this review, we will summarize the homeostatic and tissue-reparative functions and mechanisms of neutrophils across organs. We will also discuss how the healing power of neutrophils might be harnessed to develop novel resolution and repair-promoting therapies while maintaining their defense functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma A Rizo-Téllez
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal and Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - János G Filep
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal and Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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14
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Gerke V, Gavins FNE, Geisow M, Grewal T, Jaiswal JK, Nylandsted J, Rescher U. Annexins-a family of proteins with distinctive tastes for cell signaling and membrane dynamics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1574. [PMID: 38383560 PMCID: PMC10882027 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Annexins are cytosolic proteins with conserved three-dimensional structures that bind acidic phospholipids in cellular membranes at elevated Ca2+ levels. Through this they act as Ca2+-regulated membrane binding modules that organize membrane lipids, facilitating cellular membrane transport but also displaying extracellular activities. Recent discoveries highlight annexins as sensors and regulators of cellular and organismal stress, controlling inflammatory reactions in mammals, environmental stress in plants, and cellular responses to plasma membrane rupture. Here, we describe the role of annexins as Ca2+-regulated membrane binding modules that sense and respond to cellular stress and share our view on future research directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Gerke
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, Münster, Germany.
| | - Felicity N E Gavins
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Inflammation Research and Translational Medicine (CIRTM), Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Michael Geisow
- The National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, UK
- Delta Biotechnology Ltd, Nottingham, UK
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jyoti K Jaiswal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Research Institute, Children's National Research and Innovation Campus, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jesper Nylandsted
- Danish Cancer Institute, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 21-25, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Research Group Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, Münster, Germany.
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15
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Yi X, Tran E, Odiba JO, Qin CX, Ritchie RH, Baell JB. The formyl peptide receptors FPR1 and FPR2 as targets for inflammatory disorders: recent advances in the development of small-molecule agonists. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:115989. [PMID: 38199163 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) comprise a class of chemoattractant pattern recognition receptors, for which several physiological functions like host-defences, as well as the regulation of inflammatory responses, have been ascribed. With accumulating evidence that agonism of FPR1/FPR2 can confer pro-resolution of inflammation, increased attention from academia and industry has led to the discovery of new and interesting small-molecule FPR1/FPR2 agonists. Focused attention on the development of appropriate physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles is yielding synthesis of new compounds with promising in vivo readouts. This review presents an overview of small-molecule FPR1/FPR2 agonist medicinal chemistry developed over the past 20 years, with a particular emphasis on interrogation in the increasingly sophisticated bioassays which have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Yi
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Eric Tran
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Jephthah O Odiba
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Cheng Xue Qin
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia.
| | - Jonathan B Baell
- Medicinal Chemistry, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
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16
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Björkman L, Forsman H, Bergqvist L, Dahlgren C, Sundqvist M. Larixol is not an inhibitor of Gα i containing G proteins and lacks effect on signaling mediated by human neutrophil expressed formyl peptide receptors. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115995. [PMID: 38151076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils express several G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) connected to intracellular Gαi or Gαq containing G proteins for down-stream signaling. To dampen GPCR mediated inflammatory processes, several inhibitors targeting the receptors and/or their down-stream signals, have been developed. Potent and selective inhibitors for Gαq containing G proteins are available, but potent and specific inhibitors of Gαi containing G proteins are lacking. Recently, Larixol, a compound extracted from the root of Euphorbia formosana, was shown to abolish human neutrophil functions induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF), an agonist recognized by formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) which couple to Gαi containing G proteins. The inhibitory effect was suggested to be due to interference with/inhibition of signals transmitted by βγ complexes of the Gαi containing G proteins coupled to FPR1. In this study, we applied Larixol, obtained from two different commercial sources, to determine the receptor- and G protein- selectivity of this compound in human neutrophils. However, our data show that Larixol not only lacks inhibitory effect on neutrophil responses mediated through FPR1, but also on responses mediated through FPR2, a Gαi coupled GPCR closely related to FPR1. Furthermore, Larixol did not display any features as a selective inhibitor of neutrophil responses mediated through the Gαq coupled GPCRs for platelet activating factor and ATP. Hence, our results imply that the inhibitory effects described for the root extract of Euphorbia formosana are not mediated by Larixol and that the search for a selective inhibitor of G protein dependent signals generated by Gαi coupled neutrophil GPCRs must continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Björkman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Huamei Forsman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linda Bergqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Dahlgren
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martina Sundqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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17
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Kim EY, Dryer SE. Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors and β-Arrestin-1 in suPAR Signal Transduction in Mouse Podocytes: Interactions with αVβ3-Integrin. Cells 2024; 13:172. [PMID: 38247863 PMCID: PMC10814688 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) has been implicated in a wide range of pathological conditions including primary nephrotic syndromes and acute kidney injuries. suPAR can trigger transduction cascades in podocytes by outside-in activation of αVβ3-integrin, but there is evidence that the functional cell surface response element is actually a complex of different types of receptors, which may also include the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and formyl peptide receptors (FPRs). Here we observed that ROS accumulation and Src activation could be evoked by continuous 24 h exposure to either suPAR or the FPR agonist fMLF. Responses to suPAR and fMLF were completely blocked by either the FPR antagonist WRW4 or by the αV-integrin inhibitor cilengitide. Moreover, endogenous podocyte mouse Fpr1 co-immunoprecipitates with β3-integrin, suggesting that these receptors occur as a complex on the cell surface. suPAR- and fMLF-evoked activation of Src and ROS differed in time course. Thus, robust pertussis toxin (PTX)-sensitive responses were evoked by 60 min exposures to fMLF but not to suPAR. By contrast, responses to 24 h exposures to either suPAR or fMLF were PTX-resistant and were instead abolished by knockdown of β-arrestin-1 (BAR1). FPRs, integrins, and RAGE (along with various Toll-like receptors) can all function as pattern-recognition receptors that respond to "danger signals" associated with infections and tissue injury. The fact that podocytes express such a wide array of pattern-recognition receptors suggests that the glomerular filter is designed to change its function under certain conditions, possibly to facilitate clearance of toxic macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Kim
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
| | - Stuart E. Dryer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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18
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Gao N, Wang J, Fang C, Bai P, Sun Y, Wu W, Shan A. Combating bacterial infections with host defense peptides: Shifting focus from bacteria to host immunity. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 72:101030. [PMID: 38043443 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections necessitates the exploration of novel paradigms for anti-infective therapy. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides (HDPs), have garnered extensive recognition as immunomodulatory molecules that leverage natural host mechanisms to enhance therapeutic benefits. The unique immune mechanism exhibited by certain HDPs that involves self-assembly into supramolecular nanonets capable of inducing bacterial agglutination and entrapping is significantly important. This process effectively prevents microbial invasion and subsequent dissemination and significantly mitigates selective pressure for the evolution of microbial resistance, highlighting the potential of HDP-based antimicrobial therapy. Recent advancements in this field have focused on developing bio-responsive materials in the form of supramolecular nanonets. A comprehensive overview of the immunomodulatory and bacteria-agglutinating activities of HDPs, along with a discussion on optimization strategies for synthetic derivatives, is presented in this article. These optimized derivatives exhibit improved biological properties and therapeutic potential, making them suitable for future clinical applications as effective anti-infective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Gao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Chunyang Fang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Pengfei Bai
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wanpeng Wu
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Anshan Shan
- Animal Science and Technology College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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19
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Park SJ, Greer PL, Lee N. From odor to oncology: non-canonical odorant receptors in cancer. Oncogene 2024; 43:304-318. [PMID: 38087050 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Odorant receptors, traditionally associated with olfaction as chemoreceptors, have been increasingly recognized for their presence and diverse functions in various non-nasal tissues throughout the body. Beyond their roles in sensory perception, emerging evidence suggests a compelling interplay between odorant receptors and cancer progression as well. Alongside the canonical GPCR odorant receptors, dysregulation of non-canonical odorant receptors such as trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), and membrane-spanning 4A family (MS4As) has been observed in various cancer types, suggesting their contributions to cancer progression. The roles of these non-canonical chemoreceptors in cancer are complex, with some receptors promoting tumorigenesis and others acting as tumor-suppressing factors upon activation, depending on the cancer type. These findings shed light on the potential of non-canonical odorant receptors as therapeutic targets and prognostic markers in cancer, inviting further exploration to unravel their precise mechanisms of action and implications in cancer biology. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationships between these chemoreceptors and various types of cancer, potentially paving the way for innovative odor-based therapeutics. Ultimately, this review discusses the potential development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting these non-canonical chemoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Park
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Paul L Greer
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Namgyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Song J, Zhang Y, Frieler RA, Andren A, Wood S, Tyrrell DJ, Sajjakulnukit P, Deng JC, Lyssiotis CA, Mortensen RM, Salmon M, Goldstein DR. Itaconate suppresses atherosclerosis by activating a Nrf2-dependent antiinflammatory response in macrophages in mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e173034. [PMID: 38085578 PMCID: PMC10849764 DOI: 10.1172/jci173034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Itaconate has emerged as a critical immunoregulatory metabolite. Here, we examined the therapeutic potential of itaconate in atherosclerosis. We found that both itaconate and the enzyme that synthesizes it, aconitate decarboxylase 1 (Acod1, also known as immune-responsive gene 1 [IRG1]), are upregulated during atherogenesis in mice. Deletion of Acod1 in myeloid cells exacerbated inflammation and atherosclerosis in vivo and resulted in an elevated frequency of a specific subset of M1-polarized proinflammatory macrophages in the atherosclerotic aorta. Importantly, Acod1 levels were inversely correlated with clinical occlusion in atherosclerotic human aorta specimens. Treating mice with the itaconate derivative 4-octyl itaconate attenuated inflammation and atherosclerosis induced by high cholesterol. Mechanistically, we found that the antioxidant transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), was required for itaconate to suppress macrophage activation induced by oxidized lipids in vitro and to decrease atherosclerotic lesion areas in vivo. Overall, our work shows that itaconate suppresses atherogenesis by inducing Nrf2-dependent inhibition of proinflammatory responses in macrophages. Activation of the itaconate pathway may represent an important approach to treat atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrui Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ryan A. Frieler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anthony Andren
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sherri Wood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daniel J. Tyrrell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Peter Sajjakulnukit
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center
| | - Jane C. Deng
- Graduate Program in Immunology, and
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Costas A. Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Richard M. Mortensen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pharmacology
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes
| | | | - Daniel R. Goldstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology, and
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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21
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Francavilla F, Sarcina F, Schepetkin IA, Kirpotina LN, Contino M, Schirizzi A, De Leonardis G, Khlebnikov AI, D'Alessandro R, Quinn MT, Lacivita E, Leopoldo M. Development of potent isoflavone-based formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) antagonists and their effects in gastric cancer cell models. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115854. [PMID: 37839346 PMCID: PMC10822168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR1) is a G protein-coupled chemoattractant receptor that plays a crucial role in the trafficking of leukocytes into the sites of bacterial infection and inflammation. Recently, FPR1 was shown to be expressed in different types of tumor cells and could play a significant role in tumor growth and invasiveness. Starting from the previously reported FPR1 antagonist 4, we have designed a new series of 4H-chromen-2-one derivatives that exhibited a substantial increase in FPR1 antagonist potency. Docking studies identified the key interactions for antagonist activity. The most potent compounds in this series (24a and 25b) were selected to study the effects of the pharmacological blockade of FPR1 in NCl-N87 and AGS gastric cancer cells. Both compounds potently inhibited cell growth through a combined effect on cell proliferation and apoptosis and reduced cell migration, while inducing an increase in angiogenesis, thus suggesting that FPR1 could play a dual role as oncogene and onco-suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Francavilla
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Sarcina
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Lilya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Marialessandra Contino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Schirizzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology - IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Giampiero De Leonardis
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology - IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Andrei I Khlebnikov
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
| | - Rosalba D'Alessandro
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology - IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, 70013, Castellana Grotte (BA), Italy
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Enza Lacivita
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy.
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona 4, 70125, Bari, Italy
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22
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Busch L, Bufe B. The tip of the iceberg? The underestimated potential of non-canonical beta-amyloids for Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2689-2690. [PMID: 37449624 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.374013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Busch
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
| | - Bernd Bufe
- Department of Informatics and Microsystems Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Zweibrücken, Germany
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23
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Gong Z, Yang C, Dai W, Miao S, Liu Y, Jiao Z, Li B, Xie W, Zhao W, Han X, Yu S, Dong Z. Annexin A1 exerts analgesic effect in a mouse model of medication overuse headache. iScience 2023; 26:108153. [PMID: 37867938 PMCID: PMC10587614 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Medication overuse headache (MOH) is a serious global condition. The interaction between headache attacks and medication overuse complicates the understanding of its pathophysiology. In this study, we developed a preclinical MOH model that incorporates these two key factors by overusing rizatriptan benzoate (RIZ, 4 mg/kg, i.g.) in a glyceryl trinitrate (GTN, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) induced chronic migraine mouse model. We observed that RIZ overuse aggravated GTN-induced cutaneous allodynia and caused a prolonged state of latent sensitization. We also detected a significant upregulation of Annexin-A1 (ANXA1), a protein mainly expressed in the microglia of the spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (SPVC), in GTN+RIZ mice. Intracerebroventricular injection of ANXA1-derived peptide Ac2-26 trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (5 μg/mouse) inhibited bright light stress (BLS) induced acute allodynia via the formyl peptide receptor (FPR) in GTN+RIZ mice. These results suggest that ANXA1 may have an analgesic effect in triptan-associated MOH and could potentially serve as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihua Gong
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bethune International peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050082, China
| | - Chunxiao Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuai Miao
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yingyuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhiyang Jiao
- Department of Outpatient, Shijiazhuang Fourth Retired Cadre Sanatorium of Hebei province Military Region, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050082, China
| | - Bozhi Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xun Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shengyuan Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhao Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China
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24
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Björkman L, Forsman H, Bergqvist L, Dahlgren C, Sundqvist M. WITHDRAWN: Larixol is not an inhibitor of Gα i containing G proteins and lacks effect on signaling mediated by human neutrophil expressed formyl peptide receptors. Biochem Pharmacol 2023:115919. [PMID: 37952896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Björkman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Huamei Forsman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Linda Bergqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Dahlgren
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martina Sundqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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25
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Tylek K, Trojan E, Leśkiewicz M, Ghafir El Idrissi I, Lacivita E, Leopoldo M, Basta-Kaim A. Microglia Depletion Attenuates the Pro-Resolving Activity of the Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Agonist AMS21 Related to Inhibition of Inflammasome NLRP3 Signalling Pathway: A Study of Organotypic Hippocampal Cultures. Cells 2023; 12:2570. [PMID: 37947648 PMCID: PMC10648897 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglial cells have been demonstrated to be significant resident immune cells that maintain homeostasis under physiological conditions. However, prolonged or excessive microglial activation leads to disturbances in the resolution of inflammation (RoI). Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) is a crucial player in the RoI, interacting with various ligands to induce distinct conformational changes and, consequently, diverse biological effects. Due to the poor pharmacokinetic properties of endogenous FPR2 ligands, the aim of our study was to evaluate the pro-resolving effects of a new ureidopropanamide agonist, compound AMS21, in hippocampal organotypic cultures (OHCs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, to assess whether AMS21 exerts its action via FPR2 specifically located on microglial cells, we conducted a set of experiments in OHCs depleted of microglial cells using clodronate. We demonstrated that the protective and anti-inflammatory activity of AMS21 manifested as decreased levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), nitric oxide (NO), and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 release evoked by LPS in OHCs. Moreover, in LPS-stimulated OHCs, AMS21 treatment downregulated NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors (CASP1, NLRP3, PYCARD) and this effect was mediated through FPR2 because it was blocked by the FPR2 antagonist WRW4 pre-treatment. Importantly this beneficial effect of AMS21 was only observed in the presence of microglial FPR2, and absent in OHCs depleted with microglial cells using clodronate. Our results strongly suggest that the compound AMS21 exerts, at nanomolar doses, protective and anti-inflammatory properties and an FPR2 receptor located specifically on microglial cells mediates the anti-inflammatory response of AMS21. Therefore, microglial FPR2 represents a promising target for the enhancement of RoI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Tylek
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (K.T.); (E.T.); (M.L.)
| | - Ewa Trojan
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (K.T.); (E.T.); (M.L.)
| | - Monika Leśkiewicz
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (K.T.); (E.T.); (M.L.)
| | - Imane Ghafir El Idrissi
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (I.G.E.I.); (E.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Enza Lacivita
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (I.G.E.I.); (E.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (I.G.E.I.); (E.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Agnieszka Basta-Kaim
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (K.T.); (E.T.); (M.L.)
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26
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de Melo IS, Sabino-Silva R, Costa MA, Vaz ER, Anselmo-E-Silva CI, de Paula Soares Mendonça T, Oliveira KB, de Souza FMA, Dos Santos YMO, Pacheco ALD, Freitas-Santos J, Caixeta DC, Goulart LR, de Castro OW. N-Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine Plays a Neuroprotective and Anticonvulsant Role in Status Epilepticus Model. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:4231-4244. [PMID: 37742326 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is described as continuous and self-sustaining seizures, which triggers hippocampal neurodegeneration, inflammation, and gliosis. N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) has been associated with inflammatory process. N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) peptide plays an anti-inflammatory role, mediated by the activation of G-protein-coupled FPR. Here, we evaluated the influence of fMLP peptides on the behavior of limbic seizures, memory consolidation, and hippocampal neurodegeneration process. Male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) received microinjections of pilocarpine in hippocampus (H-PILO, 1.2 mg/μL, 1 μL) followed by fMLP (1 mg/mL, 1 μL) or vehicle (VEH, saline 0.9%, 1 μL). During the 90 min of SE, epileptic seizures were analyzed according to the Racine's Scale. After 24 h of SE, memory impairment was assessed by the inhibitory avoidance test and the neurodegeneration process was evaluated in hippocampal areas. There was no change in latency and number of wet dog shake (WDS) after administration of fMLP. However, our results showed that the intrahippocampal infusion of fMLP reduced the severity of seizures, as well as the number of limbic seizures. In addition, fMLP infusion protected memory dysfunction followed by SE. Finally, the intrahippocampal administration of fMLP attenuated the process of neurodegeneration in both hippocampi. Taken together, our data suggest a new insight into the functional role of fMLP peptides, with important implications for their potential use as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of brain disorders, such as epilepsy. Schematic drawing on the neuroprotective and anticonvulsant role of fMLP during status epilepticus. Initially, a cannula was implanted in hippocampus and pilocarpine/saline was administered into the hippocampus followed by fMLP/saline (A-C). fMLP reduced seizure severity and neuronal death in the hippocampus, as well as protecting against memory deficit (D).
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Santana de Melo
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970, Brazil.
| | - Robinson Sabino-Silva
- Department of Physiology, Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostic and Nanotheranostics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Av. Pará, 1720, Uberlandia, MG, CEP 38400-902, Brazil.
| | - Maisa Araújo Costa
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Emília Rezende Vaz
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Kellysson Bruno Oliveira
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Maria Araújo de Souza
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Yngrid Mickaelli Oliveira Dos Santos
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Amanda Larissa Dias Pacheco
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Jucilene Freitas-Santos
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970, Brazil
| | - Douglas Carvalho Caixeta
- Department of Physiology, Innovation Center in Salivary Diagnostic and Nanotheranostics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Av. Pará, 1720, Uberlandia, MG, CEP 38400-902, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Olagide Wagner de Castro
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Av. Lourival de Melo Mota, Km 14, Campus A. C. Simões, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970, Brazil.
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27
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Sánchez-García S, Jaén RI, Fernández-Velasco M, Delgado C, Boscá L, Prieto P. Lipoxin-mediated signaling: ALX/FPR2 interaction and beyond. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106982. [PMID: 37925045 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
In the aftermath of tissue injury or infection, an efficient resolution mechanism is crucial to allow tissue healing and preserve appropriate organ functioning. Pro-resolving bioactive lipids prevent uncontrolled inflammation and its consequences. Among these mediators, lipoxins were the first described and their pro-resolving actions have been mainly described in immune cells. They exert their actions mostly through formyl-peptide receptor 2 (ALX/FPR2 receptor), a G-protein-coupled receptor whose biological function is tremendously complex, primarily due to its capacity to mediate variable cellular responses. Moreover, lipoxins can also interact with alternative receptors like the cytoplasmic aryl hydrocarbon receptor, the cysteinyl-leukotrienes receptors or GPR32, triggering different intracellular signaling pathways. The available information about this complex response mediated by lipoxins is addressed in this review, going over the different mechanisms used by these molecules to stop the inflammatory reaction and avoid the development of dysregulated and chronic pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Sánchez-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael I Jaén
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Velasco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación del Hospital La Paz, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Delgado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Patricia Prieto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBER-CV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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28
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Tanaka F, Mazzardo G, Salm DC, de Oliveira BH, Joaquim L, Machado RS, Cidreira T, Petronilho FC, Bittencourt EB, Bianco G, Bobinski F, Piovezan AP, Srbely JZ, Shah JP, Moré AOO, Mazzardo-Martins L, Martins DF. Peripheral Activation of Formyl Peptide Receptor 2/ALX by Electroacupuncture Alleviates Inflammatory Pain by Increasing Interleukin-10 Levels and Catalase Activity in Mice. Neuroscience 2023; 529:1-15. [PMID: 37572879 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the electroacupuncture (EA) neurobiological mechanisms, we have previously demonstrated the involvement of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) in the antihyperalgesic effect of EA. The present study investigated the involvement of peripheral FPR2/ALX in the antihyperalgesic effect of EA on inflammatory cytokines levels, oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes in an animal model of persistent inflammatory pain. Male Swiss mice underwent intraplantar (i.pl.) injection with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). Mechanical hyperalgesia was assessed with von Frey monofilaments. Animals were treated with EA (2/10 Hz, ST36-SP6, 20 minutes) for 4 consecutive days. From the first to the fourth day after CFA injection, animals received i.pl. WRW4 (FPR2/ALX antagonist) or saline before EA. Levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10), antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase), oxidative stress markers (TBARS, protein carbonyl, nitrite/nitrate ratio), and myeloperoxidase activity were measured in paw tissue samples. As previously demonstrated, i.pl. injection of the FPR2/ALX antagonist prevented the antihyperalgesic effect induced by EA. Furthermore, animals treated with EA showed higher levels of IL-10 and catalase activity in the inflamed paw, and these effects were prevented by the antagonist WRW4. EA did not change levels of TNF and IL-6, SOD and MPO activity, and oxidative stress markers. Our work demonstrates that the antihyperalgesic effect of EA on CFA-induced inflammatory pain could be partially associated with higher IL-10 levels and catalase activity, and that these effects may be dependent, at least in part, on the activation of peripheral FPR2/ALX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Tanaka
- Postgraduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Mazzardo
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Faculty of Medicine, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daiana C Salm
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Bruna H de Oliveira
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Postgraduate Program in Health Science, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Richard S Machado
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Postgraduate Program in Health Science, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Thaina Cidreira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Postgraduate Program in Health Science, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia C Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Postgraduate Program in Health Science, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Gianluca Bianco
- Research Laboratory of Posturology and Neuromodulation RELPON, Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Italy; Istituto di Formazione in Agopuntura e Neuromodulazione IFAN, Roma, Italy
| | - Franciane Bobinski
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Anna Paula Piovezan
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - John Z Srbely
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jay P Shah
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ari O O Moré
- Integrative Medicine and Acupuncture Service, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Leidiane Mazzardo-Martins
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniel F Martins
- Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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29
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Prevete N, Poto R, Marone G, Varricchi G. Unleashing the power of formyl peptide receptor 2 in cardiovascular disease. Cytokine 2023; 169:156298. [PMID: 37454543 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
N-formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are seven-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptors with a wide distribution in immune and non-immune cells, recognizing N-formyl peptides from bacterial and mitochondrial origin and several endogenous signals. Three FPRs have been identified in humans: FPR1, FPR2, and FPR3. Most FPR ligands can activate a pro-inflammatory response, while a limited group of FPR agonists can elicit anti-inflammatory and homeostatic responses. Annexin A1 (AnxA1), a glucocorticoid-induced protein, its N-terminal peptide Ac2-26, and lipoxin A4 (LXA4), a lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoid mediator, exert significant immunomodulatory effects by interacting with FPR2 and/or FPR1. The ability of FPRs to recognize both ligands with pro-inflammatory or inflammation-resolving properties places them in a crucial position in the balance between activation against harmful events and maintaince of tissue integrity. A new field of investigation focused on the role of FPRs in the setting of heart injury. FPRs are expressed on cardiac macrophages, which are the predominant immune cells in the myocardium and play a key role in heart diseases. Several endogenous (AnxA1, LXA4) and synthetic compounds (compound 43, BMS-986235) reduced infarct size and promoted the resolution of inflammation via the activation of FPR2 on cardiac macrophages. Further studies should evaluate FPR2 role in other cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nella Prevete
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy; Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), 80131 Naples, Italy.
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30
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Peña Agudelo JA, Pidre ML, Garcia Fallit M, Pérez Küper M, Zuccato C, Nicola Candia AJ, Marchesini A, Vera MB, De Simone E, Giampaoli C, Amorós Morales LC, Gonzalez N, Romanowski V, Videla-Richardson GA, Seilicovich A, Candolfi M. Mitochondrial Peptide Humanin Facilitates Chemoresistance in Glioblastoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4061. [PMID: 37627089 PMCID: PMC10452904 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Humanin (HN) is a mitochondrial-derived peptide with robust cytoprotective effects in many cell types. Although the administration of HN analogs has been proposed to treat degenerative diseases, its role in the pathogenesis of cancer is poorly understood. Here, we evaluated whether HN affects the chemosensitivity of glioblastoma (GBM) cells. We found that chemotherapy upregulated HN expression in GBM cell lines and primary cultures derived from GBM biopsies. An HN analog (HNGF6A) boosted chemoresistance, increased the migration of GBM cells and improved their capacity to induce endothelial cell migration and proliferation. Chemotherapy also upregulated FPR2 expression, an HN membrane-bound receptor, and the HNGF6A cytoprotective effects were inhibited by an FPR2 receptor antagonist (WRW4). These effects were observed in glioma cells with heterogeneous genetic backgrounds, i.e., glioma cells with wild-type (wtIDH) and mutated (mIDH) isocitrate dehydrogenase. HN silencing using a baculoviral vector that encodes for a specific shRNA for HN (BV.shHN) reduced chemoresistance, and impaired the migration and proangiogenic capacity of GBM cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that HN boosts the hallmark characteristics of GBM, i.e., chemoresistance, migration and endothelial cell proliferation. Thus, strategies that inhibit the HN/FPR2 pathway may improve the response of GBM to standard therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A. Peña Agudelo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (J.A.P.A.); (M.G.F.); (M.P.K.); (C.Z.); (A.J.N.C.); (N.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Matías L. Pidre
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina; (M.L.P.); (A.M.); (L.C.A.M.); (V.R.)
| | - Matias Garcia Fallit
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (J.A.P.A.); (M.G.F.); (M.P.K.); (C.Z.); (A.J.N.C.); (N.G.); (A.S.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428BFA, Argentina
| | - Melanie Pérez Küper
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (J.A.P.A.); (M.G.F.); (M.P.K.); (C.Z.); (A.J.N.C.); (N.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Camila Zuccato
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (J.A.P.A.); (M.G.F.); (M.P.K.); (C.Z.); (A.J.N.C.); (N.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Alejandro J. Nicola Candia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (J.A.P.A.); (M.G.F.); (M.P.K.); (C.Z.); (A.J.N.C.); (N.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Abril Marchesini
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina; (M.L.P.); (A.M.); (L.C.A.M.); (V.R.)
| | - Mariana B. Vera
- Fundación Para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia (FLENI), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (M.B.V.); (G.A.V.-R.)
| | - Emilio De Simone
- Cátedra de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428BFA, Argentina; (E.D.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Carla Giampaoli
- Cátedra de Fisiología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428BFA, Argentina; (E.D.S.); (C.G.)
| | - Leslie C. Amorós Morales
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina; (M.L.P.); (A.M.); (L.C.A.M.); (V.R.)
| | - Nazareno Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (J.A.P.A.); (M.G.F.); (M.P.K.); (C.Z.); (A.J.N.C.); (N.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Víctor Romanowski
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM, UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1900, Argentina; (M.L.P.); (A.M.); (L.C.A.M.); (V.R.)
| | - Guillermo A. Videla-Richardson
- Fundación Para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia (FLENI), Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (M.B.V.); (G.A.V.-R.)
| | - Adriana Seilicovich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (J.A.P.A.); (M.G.F.); (M.P.K.); (C.Z.); (A.J.N.C.); (N.G.); (A.S.)
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1121A6B, Argentina; (J.A.P.A.); (M.G.F.); (M.P.K.); (C.Z.); (A.J.N.C.); (N.G.); (A.S.)
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31
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Ye J, Hu X, Wang Z, Li R, Gan L, Zhang M, Wang T. The role of mtDAMPs in the trauma-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1164187. [PMID: 37533869 PMCID: PMC10391641 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1164187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a non-specific exaggerated defense response caused by infectious or non-infectious stressors such as trauma, burn, surgery, ischemia and reperfusion, and malignancy, which can eventually lead to an uncontrolled inflammatory response. In addition to the early mortality due to the "first hits" after trauma, the trauma-induced SIRS and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) are the main reasons for the poor prognosis of trauma patients as "second hits". Unlike infection-induced SIRS caused by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), trauma-induced SIRS is mainly mediated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) including mitochondrial DAMPs (mtDAMPs). MtDAMPs released after trauma-induced mitochondrial injury, including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mitochondrial formyl peptides (mtFPs), can activate inflammatory response through multiple inflammatory signaling pathways. This review summarizes the role and mechanism of mtDAMPs in the occurrence and development of trauma-induced SIRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ye
- Trauma Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Neural Regeneration (Peking University) Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Hu
- Trauma Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Neural Regeneration (Peking University) Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Orthopedics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Li
- Trauma Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Neural Regeneration (Peking University) Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lebin Gan
- Trauma Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Neural Regeneration (Peking University) Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Trauma Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Neural Regeneration (Peking University) Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tianbing Wang
- Trauma Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma Treatment and Neural Regeneration (Peking University) Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine of China, Beijing, China
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Chen Y, Yu Y. Tau and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: interplay mechanisms and clinical translation. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:165. [PMID: 37452321 PMCID: PMC10349496 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) contributes to most cases of dementia. Its prominent neuropathological features are the extracellular neuritic plaques and intercellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, respectively. In the past few decades, disease-modifying therapy targeting Aβ has been the focus of AD drug development. Even though it is encouraging that two of these drugs have recently received accelerated US Food and Drug Administration approval for AD treatment, their efficacy or long-term safety is controversial. Tau has received increasing attention as a potential therapeutic target, since evidence indicates that tau pathology is more associated with cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, inflammation, especially neuroinflammation, accompanies AD pathological processes and is also linked to cognitive deficits. Accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation has a complex and tight interplay with tau pathology. Here, we review recent evidence on the interaction between tau pathology, focusing on tau post-translational modification and dissemination, and neuroinflammatory responses, including glial cell activation and inflammatory signaling pathways. Then, we summarize the latest clinical trials targeting tau and neuroinflammation. Sustained and increased inflammatory responses in glial cells and neurons are pivotal cellular drivers and regulators of the exacerbation of tau pathology, which further contributes to its worsening by aggravating inflammatory responses. Unraveling the precise mechanisms underlying the relationship between tau pathology and neuroinflammation will provide new insights into the discovery and clinical translation of therapeutic targets for AD and other tau-related diseases (tauopathies). Targeting multiple pathologies and precision therapy strategies will be the crucial direction for developing drugs for AD and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Hennequart M, Pilley SE, Labuschagne CF, Coomes J, Mervant L, Driscoll PC, Legrave NM, Lee Y, Kreuzaler P, Macintyre B, Panina Y, Blagih J, Stevenson D, Strathdee D, Schneider-Luftman D, Grönroos E, Cheung EC, Yuneva M, Swanton C, Vousden KH. ALDH1L2 regulation of formate, formyl-methionine, and ROS controls cancer cell migration and metastasis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112562. [PMID: 37245210 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (10-formyl-THF) is utilized by three mitochondrial enzymes to produce formate for nucleotide synthesis, NADPH for antioxidant defense, and formyl-methionine (fMet) to initiate mitochondrial mRNA translation. One of these enzymes-aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member 2 (ALDH1L2)-produces NADPH by catabolizing 10-formyl-THF into CO2 and THF. Using breast cancer cell lines, we show that reduction of ALDH1L2 expression increases ROS levels and the production of both formate and fMet. Both depletion of ALDH1L2 and direct exposure to formate result in enhanced cancer cell migration that is dependent on the expression of the formyl-peptide receptor (FPR). In various tumor models, increased ALDH1L2 expression lowers formate and fMet accumulation and limits metastatic capacity, while human breast cancer samples show a consistent reduction of ALDH1L2 expression in metastases. Together, our data suggest that loss of ALDH1L2 can support metastatic progression by promoting formate and fMet production, resulting in enhanced FPR-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Hennequart
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Steven E Pilley
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Christiaan F Labuschagne
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), 11 Hoffman Street, Potchesfstoom 2531, South Africa
| | - Jack Coomes
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Loic Mervant
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Paul C Driscoll
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Younghwan Lee
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Peter Kreuzaler
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Yulia Panina
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Julianna Blagih
- Department of Obstetrics-Gynaecology, University of Montreal, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, 5414 Assomption Blvd, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Eva Grönroos
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Eric C Cheung
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Mariia Yuneva
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Karen H Vousden
- The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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Chen K, McCulloch J, Das Neves R, Rodrigues G, Hsieh WT, Gong W, Yoshimura T, Huang J, O'hUigin C, Difilippantonio S, McCollum M, Jones G, Durum SK, Trinchieri G, Wang JM. The beneficial effects of commensal E. coli for colon epithelial cell recovery are related with Formyl peptide receptor 2 (Fpr2) in epithelial cells. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:28. [PMID: 37322488 PMCID: PMC10268441 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00557-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formyl peptide receptor 2 (Fpr2) plays a crucial role in colon homeostasis and microbiota balance. Commensal E. coli is known to promote the regeneration of damaged colon epithelial cells. The aim of the study was to investigate the connection between E. coli and Fpr2 in the recovery of colon epithelial cells. RESULTS The deficiency of Fpr2 was associated with impaired integrity of the colon mucosa and an imbalance of microbiota, characterized by the enrichment of Proteobacteria in the colon. Two serotypes of E. coli, O22:H8 and O91:H21, were identified in the mouse colon through complete genome sequencing. E. coli O22:H8 was found to be prevalent in the gut of mice and exhibited lower virulence compared to O91:H21. Germ-free (GF) mice that were pre-orally inoculated with E. coli O22:H8 showed reduced susceptibility to chemically induced colitis, increased proliferation of epithelial cells, and improved mouse survival. Following infection with E. coli O22:H8, the expression of Fpr2 in colon epithelial cells was upregulated, and the products derived from E. coli O22:H8 induced migration and proliferation of colon epithelial cells through Fpr2. Fpr2 deficiency increased susceptibility to chemically induced colitis, delayed the repair of damaged colon epithelial cells, and heightened inflammatory responses. Additionally, the population of E. coli was observed to increase in the colons of Fpr2-/- mice with colitis. CONCLUSION Commensal E. coli O22:H8 stimulated the upregulation of Fpr2 expression in colon epithelial cells, and the products from E. coli induced migration and proliferation of colon epithelial cells through Fpr2. Fpr2 deficiency led to an increased E. coli population in the colon and delayed recovery of damaged colon epithelial cells in mice with colitis. Therefore, Fpr2 is essential for the effects of commensal E. coli on colon epithelial cell recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.
| | - John McCulloch
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Rodrigo Das Neves
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Gisele Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Wang-Ting Hsieh
- Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Wanghua Gong
- Basic Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Colm O'hUigin
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Simone Difilippantonio
- Gnotobiotics Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Matthew McCollum
- Gnotobiotics Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Georgette Jones
- Gnotobiotics Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Scott K Durum
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Cancer Innovation, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
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Ferrara V, Toti A, Lucarini E, Parisio C, Micheli L, Ciampi C, Margiotta F, Crocetti L, Vergelli C, Giovannoni MP, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C. Protective and Pain-Killer Effects of AMC3, a Novel N-Formyl Peptide Receptors (FPRs) Modulator, in Experimental Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1207. [PMID: 37371936 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that causes chronic joint pain, swelling, and movement impairment, resulting from prolonged inflammation-induced cartilage and bone degradation. The pathogenesis of RA, which is still unclear, makes diagnosis and treatment difficult and calls for new therapeutic strategies to cure the disease. Recent research has identified FPRs as a promising druggable target, with AMC3, a novel agonist, showing preclinical efficacy in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, AMC3 (1-30 µM) exhibited significant antioxidant effects in IL-1β (10 ng/mL)-treated chondrocytes for 24 h. AMC3 displayed a protective effect by downregulating the mRNA expression of several pro-inflammatory and pro-algic genes (iNOS, COX-2, and VEGF-A), while upregulating genes essential for structural integrity (MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, and COLIAI). In vivo, AMC3 (10 mg kg-1) prevented hypersensitivity and restored postural balance in CFA-injected rats after 14 days. AMC3 attenuated joint alterations, reduced joint inflammatory infiltrate, pannus formation, and cartilage erosion. Chronic AMC3 administration reduced transcriptional changes of genes causing excitotoxicity and pain (EAATs and CCL2) and prevented morphological changes in astrocytes, including cell body hypertrophy, processes length, and thickness, caused by CFA in the spinal cord. This study demonstrates the usefulness of AMC3 and establishes the groundwork for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ferrara
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandra Toti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Carmen Parisio
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Clara Ciampi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Margiotta
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Letizia Crocetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Vergelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Giovannoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Harwood JL. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Conversion to Lipid Mediators, Roles in Inflammatory Diseases and Dietary Sources. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108838. [PMID: 37240183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important components of the diet of mammals. Their role was first established when the essential fatty acids (EFAs) linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid were discovered nearly a century ago. However, most of the biochemical and physiological actions of PUFAs rely on their conversion to 20C or 22C acids and subsequent metabolism to lipid mediators. As a generalisation, lipid mediators formed from n-6 PUFAs are pro-inflammatory while those from n-3 PUFAs are anti-inflammatory or neutral. Apart from the actions of the classic eicosanoids or docosanoids, many newly discovered compounds are described as Specialised Pro-resolving Mediators (SPMs) which have been proposed to have a role in resolving inflammatory conditions such as infections and preventing them from becoming chronic. In addition, a large group of molecules, termed isoprostanes, can be generated by free radical reactions and these too have powerful properties towards inflammation. The ultimate source of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs are photosynthetic organisms which contain Δ-12 and Δ-15 desaturases, which are almost exclusively absent from animals. Moreover, the EFAs consumed from plant food are in competition with each other for conversion to lipid mediators. Thus, the relative amounts of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in the diet are important. Furthermore, the conversion of the EFAs to 20C and 22C PUFAs in mammals is rather poor. Thus, there has been much interest recently in the use of algae, many of which make substantial quantities of long-chain PUFAs or in manipulating oil crops to make such acids. This is especially important because fish oils, which are their main source in human diets, are becoming limited. In this review, the metabolic conversion of PUFAs into different lipid mediators is described. Then, the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of such mediators in inflammatory diseases are outlined. Finally, natural sources of PUFAs (including 20 or 22 carbon compounds) are detailed, as well as recent efforts to increase their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Harwood
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
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Lantieri MA, Perdomo Trejo JR, Le Q, Dighe A, Cui Q, Yang X. Formyl peptide receptors in bone research. Connect Tissue Res 2023; 64:229-237. [PMID: 36440821 PMCID: PMC10164673 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2022.2149397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM OF THE STUDY The formyl peptide receptor (FPR) participates in the immune response, with roles in infection and inflammation. In this review article, we summarize the current literature on these roles before discussing the function of FPRs in the pathogenesis of musculoskeletal disorders including osteoarthritis (OA), degenerative disc disease (DDD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Additionally, we discuss the potential diagnostic and therapeutic roles of FPRs in these domains. METHODS PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE searches were performed from 1965 through March 2022. Keywords included "FPR, tissue expression, inflammation, infection, musculoskeletal disorder, bone, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, degenerative disc disease, mitochondria." RESULTS Sixty-nine studies were included in this review article. FPRs appear to be ubiquitous in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of common musculoskeletal disorders. They can potentially be utilized for the earlier diagnosis of OA and DDD. They may be employed with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to reverse OA and DDD pathologies. With anti-inflammatory, anti-osteolytic, and pro-angiogenic functions, they may broaden treatment options in RA. CONCLUSIONS FPRs appear to be heavily involved in the pathogenesis of common musculoskeletal conditions, including arthritis, degenerative disc disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, they demonstrate much promise in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. Their roles should continue to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Lantieri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | | | - Quang Le
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Abhijit Dighe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Quanjun Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Xinlin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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Lind S, Wu Y, Sundqvist M, Forsman H, Dahlgren C. An increase in the cytosolic concentration of free calcium ions activates the neutrophil NADPH-oxidase provided that the free fatty acid receptor 2 has been allosterically modulated. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110687. [PMID: 37105507 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Signals generated by free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2R) can activate the neutrophil NADPH-oxidase without involvement of any orthosteric FFA2R agonist. The initiating signals may be generated by P2Y2R, the receptor for ATP. An FFA2R specific allosteric modulator (PAM; Cmp58) was required for this response and used to investigate the mechanism by which signals generated by ATP/P2Y2R activate an FFA2R dependent process. The P2Y2R induced signal that together with the modulated FFA2R activates neutrophils, was generated downstream of the Gαq containing G protein coupled to P2Y2R. A rise in the cytosolic concentration of ionized calcium ([Ca2+]i) was hypothesized to be the important signal. The hypothesis gained support from the finding that the modulator transferred the neutrophils to a Ca2+sensitive state. The rise in [Ca2+]i induced by the Ca2+ specific ionophore ionomycin, activated the neutrophils provided that an allosteric modulator was bound to FFA2R. The activity of the superoxide generating NADPH-oxidase induced by ionomycin was rapidly terminated and the FFA2Rs could then no longer be activated by the FFA2R agonist propionate or by the signal generated by ATP/P2Y2R. The non-responding state of FFA2R was, however, revoked by a cross-activating allosteric FFA2R modulator. The [Ca2+]i mediated activation of neutrophils with their FFA2Rs allosterically modulated, represent a unique regulatory receptor crosstalk mechanism by which the activation potency of a G protein coupled receptor is controlled by a receptor-crosstalk signaling system operating from the cytosolic side of the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lind
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yanling Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martina Sundqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Huamei Forsman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Dahlgren
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Resende F, de Araújo S, Tavares LP, Teixeira MM, Costa VV. The Multifaceted Role of Annexin A1 in Viral Infections. Cells 2023; 12:1131. [PMID: 37190040 PMCID: PMC10137178 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated inflammatory responses are often correlated with disease severity during viral infections. Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is an endogenous pro-resolving protein that timely regulates inflammation by activating signaling pathways that culminate with the termination of response, clearance of pathogen and restoration of tissue homeostasis. Harnessing the pro-resolution actions of AnxA1 holds promise as a therapeutic strategy to control the severity of the clinical presentation of viral infections. In contrast, AnxA1 signaling might also be hijacked by viruses to promote pathogen survival and replication. Therefore, the role of AnxA1 during viral infections is complex and dynamic. In this review, we provide an in-depth view of the role of AnxA1 during viral infections, from pre-clinical to clinical studies. In addition, this review discusses the therapeutic potential for AnxA1 and AnxA1 mimetics in treating viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Resende
- Post-Graduation Program of Cell Biology, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Center for Research and Development of Drugs, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Simone de Araújo
- Center for Research and Development of Drugs, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pádua Tavares
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Center for Research and Development of Drugs, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Vivian Vasconcelos Costa
- Post-Graduation Program of Cell Biology, Department of Morphology, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
- Center for Research and Development of Drugs, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
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Chua JJE. HEBP1 - An early trigger for neuronal cell death and circuit dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 139:102-110. [PMID: 35842370 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that gradually impairs memory, cognition and the ability to perform simple daily tasks. It is the most prevalent form of dementia in the elderly and its incidence increases exponentially with age. Neuronal and synapse loss, key hallmarks of the disorder, are widely regarded to occur early during the onset of AD, and the extent of this loss closely correlates with the progression of cognitive decline and dysfunction of the underlying neuronal circuity. Nevertheless, the mechanisms driving neuronal and synapse loss during early AD remains poorly understood. This review focuses on Heme-binding protein 1 (HEBP1), a mitochondrial-associated protein that has recently emerged as an important mediator of neuronal cell death during early AD pathogenesis. Acting downstream of Aβ and heme, HEBP1-mediated apoptosis contributes to neuronal loss and neuronal circuit dysfunction. Deleting HEBP1 expression in neurons protects them from heme- and Aβ-induced apoptosis, both of which are mechanisms implicated in neurodegeneration. HEBP1 participates in heme metabolism and binds to heme to modulate mitochondrial dynamics vital to the maintenance of neural circuitry that is affected in AD. HEBP1 elevation is also associated with AGE/RAGE-related neuronal damage, further implicating its involvement in neuronal loss during early AD. Moreover, F2L, a cleavage product of HEBP1 modulates inflammation. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of HEBP1 in the disruption of neural circuits during early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Jia En Chua
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; LSI Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute for Health Innovation and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A⁎STAR), Singapore.
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Wang J, Chen G, Liao Q, Lyu W, Liu A, Zhu L, Du Y, Ye RD. Cryo-EM structure of the human chemerin receptor 1-Gi protein complex bound to the C-terminal nonapeptide of chemerin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2214324120. [PMID: 36881626 PMCID: PMC10089180 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214324120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is a processed protein that acts on G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for its chemotactic and adipokine activities. The biologically active chemerin (chemerin 21-157) results from proteolytic cleavage of prochemerin and uses its C-terminal peptide containing the sequence YFPGQFAFS for receptor activation. Here we report a high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of human chemerin receptor 1 (CMKLR1) bound to the C-terminal nonapeptide of chemokine (C9) in complex with Gi proteins. C9 inserts its C terminus into the binding pocket and is stabilized through hydrophobic interactions involving its Y1, F2, F6, and F8, as well as polar interactions between G4, S9, and several amino acids lining the binding pocket of CMKLR1. Microsecond scale molecular dynamics simulations support a balanced force distribution across the whole ligand-receptor interface that enhances thermodynamic stability of the captured binding pose of C9. The C9 interaction with CMKLR1 is drastically different from chemokine recognition by chemokine receptors, which follow a two-site two-step model. In contrast, C9 takes an "S"-shaped pose in the binding pocket of CMKLR1 much like angiotensin II in the AT1 receptor. Our mutagenesis and functional analyses confirmed the cryo-EM structure and key residues in the binding pocket for these interactions. Our findings provide a structural basis for chemerin recognition by CMKLR1 for the established chemotactic and adipokine activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlin Wang
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, P.R. China
| | - Geng Chen
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, P.R. China
| | - Qiwen Liao
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, P.R. China
| | - Wenping Lyu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, P.R. China
| | - Aijun Liu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, P.R. China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, P.R. China
| | - Lizhe Zhu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, P.R. China
| | - Yang Du
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, P.R. China
| | - Richard D. Ye
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong518172, P.R. China
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Li Q, Lan P. Activation of immune signals during organ transplantation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:110. [PMID: 36906586 PMCID: PMC10008588 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of host's innate and adaptive immune systems can lead to acute and chronic graft rejection, which seriously impacts graft survival. Thus, it is particularly significant to clarify the immune signals, which are critical to the initiation and maintenance of rejection generated after transplantation. The initiation of response to graft is dependent on sensing of danger and stranger molecules. The ischemia and reperfusion of grafts lead to cell stress or death, followed by releasing a variety of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) of host immune cells to activate intracellular immune signals and induce sterile inflammation. In addition to DAMPs, the graft exposed to 'non-self' antigens (stranger molecules) are recognized by the host immune system, stimulating a more intense immune response and further aggravating the graft damage. The polymorphism of MHC genes between different individuals is the key for host or donor immune cells to identify heterologous 'non-self' components in allogeneic and xenogeneic organ transplantation. The recognition of 'non-self' antigen by immune cells mediates the activation of immune signals between donor and host, resulting in adaptive memory immunity and innate trained immunity to the graft, which poses a challenge to the long-term survival of the graft. This review focuses on innate and adaptive immune cells receptor recognition of damage-associated molecular patterns, alloantigens and xenoantigens, which is described as danger model and stranger model. In this review, we also discuss the innate trained immunity in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Li
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Peixiang Lan
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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Field DH, White JS, Warriner SL, Wright MH. A fluorescent photoaffinity probe for formyl peptide receptor 1 labelling in living cells. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:216-222. [PMID: 36908701 PMCID: PMC9994102 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00199c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent ligands for G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are valuable tools for studying the expression, pharmacology and modulation of these therapeutically important proteins in living cells. Here we report a fluorescent photoaffinity probe for Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), a critical component of the innate immune response to bacterial infection and a promising target in inflammatory diseases. We demonstrate that the probe binds and covalently crosslinks to FPR1 with good specificity at nanomolar concentrations in living cells and is a useful tool for visualisation and characterisation of this receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon H Field
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and the School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Jack S White
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and the School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Stuart L Warriner
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and the School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Megan H Wright
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, and the School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Leeds LS2 9JT UK
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Tikhonova I, Dyukina A, Shaykhutdinova E, Safronova V. Modified Signaling of Membrane Formyl Peptide Receptors in NADPH-Oxidase Regulation in Obesity-Resistant Mice. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:306. [PMID: 36984693 PMCID: PMC10058262 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The signaling of membrane receptors is modified in obesity characterized by low-grade inflammation. The obesity-resistant state of organisms is poorly understood. We analyzed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) initiated though membrane formyl peptide receptors (Fpr1, Fpr2) in bone-marrow granulocytes of obesity-resistant mice (ORM). A chemiluminescence assay was used to assess NADPH-oxidase-related intensity of ROS generation. ORM were chosen from animals that received high-fat diets and had metric body parameters as controls (standard diet). High spontaneous ROS production was observed in ORM cells. The EC50 for responses to bacterial or mitochondrial peptide N-formyl-MLF was higher in ORM with and without inflammation vs. the same control groups, indicating an insignificant role of high-affinity Fpr1. Increased responses to synthetic peptide WKYMVM (Fpr2 agonist) were observed in controls with acute inflammation, but they were similar in other groups. Fpr2 was possibly partially inactivated in ORM owing to the inflammatory state. Weakened Fpr1 and Fpr2 signaling via MAPKs was revealed in ORM using specific inhibitors for p38, ERK1/2, and JNK. P38 signaling via Fpr2 was lower in ORM with inflammation. Thus, a high-fat diet modified FPRs' role and suppressed MAPK signaling in NADPH-oxidase regulation in ORM. This result can be useful to understand the immunological features of obesity resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Tikhonova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Alsu Dyukina
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Elvira Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Nauki, 6, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Valentina Safronova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St., 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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Identification of Specific Biomarkers and Pathways in the Treatment Response of Infliximab for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: In-Silico Analysis. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030680. [PMID: 36983834 PMCID: PMC10057676 DOI: 10.3390/life13030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. In biological therapy, infliximab became the first anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agent approved for IBD. Despite this success, infliximab is expensive, often ineffective, and associated with adverse events. Prediction of infliximab resistance would improve overall potential outcomes. Therefore, there is a pressing need to widen the scope of investigating the role of genetics in IBD to their association with therapy response. Methods: In the current study, an in-silico analysis of publicly available IBD patient transcriptomics datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) are used to identify subsets of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the pathogenesis of IBD and may serve as potential biomarkers for Infliximab response. Five datasets were found that met the inclusion criteria. The DEGs for datasets were identified using limma R packages through the GEOR2 tool. The probes’ annotated genes in each dataset intersected with DGEs from all other datasets. Enriched gene Ontology Clustering for the identified genes was performed using Metascape to explore the possible connections or interactions between the genes. Results: 174 DEGs between IBD and healthy controls were found from analyzing two datasets (GSE14580 and GSE73661), indicating a possible role in the pathogenesis of IBD. Of the 174 DEGs, five genes (SELE, TREM1, AQP9, FPR2, and HCAR3) were shared between all five datasets. Moreover, these five genes were identified as downregulated in the infliximab responder group compared to the non-responder group. Conclusions: We hypothesize that alteration in the expression of these genes leads to an impaired response to infliximab in IBD patients. Thus, these genes can serve as potential biomarkers for the early detection of compromised infliximab response in IBD patients.
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Forsman H, Wu Y, Mårtensson J, Björkman L, Granberg KL, Dahlgren C, Sundqvist M. AZ2158 is a more potent formyl peptide receptor 1 inhibitor than the commonly used peptide antagonists in abolishing neutrophil chemotaxis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 211:115529. [PMID: 37004778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), a G protein-coupled receptor expressed in phagocytes, recognizes short N-formylated peptides originating from proteins synthesized by bacteria and mitochondria. Such FPR1 agonists are important regulators of neutrophil functions and by that, determinants of inflammatory reactions. As FPR1 is implicated in promoting both pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving responses associated with inflammatory diseases, characterization of ligands that potently and selectively modulate FPR1 induced functions might be of high relevance. Accordingly, a number of FPR1 specific antagonists have been identified and shown to inhibit agonist binding or receptor down-stream signaling as well as neutrophil functions such as granule secretion and NADPH oxidase activity. The inhibitory effect on neutrophil chemotaxis induced by FPR1 agonists has generally not been part of basic antagonist characterization. In this study we show that the inhibitory effects on neutrophil chemotaxis of established FPR1 antagonists (i.e., cyclosporin H, BOC1 and BOC2) are limited. Our data demonstrate that the recently described small molecule AZ2158 is a potent and selective FPR1 antagonist in human neutrophils. In contrast to the already established FPR1 antagonists, AZ2158 also potently inhibits chemotaxis. Whereas the cyclosporin H inhibition was agonist selective, AZ2158 inhibited the FPR1 response induced by both a balanced and a biased FPR1 agonist equally well. In accordance with the species specificity described for many FPR1 ligands, AZ2158 was not recognized by the mouse orthologue of FPR1. Our data demonstrate that AZ2158 may serve as an excellent tool compound for further mechanistic studies of human FPR1 mediated activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huamei Forsman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yanling Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas Mårtensson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Björkman
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kenneth L Granberg
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Dahlgren
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martina Sundqvist
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Formyl peptide receptor 2 is an emerging modulator of inflammation in the liver. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:325-332. [PMID: 36750693 PMCID: PMC9981720 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), which are seven-membrane G-protein coupled receptors, recognize chemotactic signals to protect hosts from pathogenic infections and mediate inflammatory responses in the body. There are three isoforms of FPRs in humans-FPR1, FPR2, and FPR3-and they bind to N-formyl peptides, except FPR3, and to various endogenous agonists. Among FPR family members, FPR2 has a lower affinity for N-formyl peptides than FPR1 and binds with a wide range of endogenous or exogenous agonists. Thus, FPR2 is considered the most ambiguous member. Accumulating evidence has shown that FPR2 is involved in the host's defense against bacterial infection and inflammation in liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, and liver cancer, suggesting the pathophysiological relevance of FPR2 to the liver. However, FPR2 has been shown to promote or suppress inflammation, depending on the type of FPR2-expressing cell and FPR2-bound ligands in the liver. Therefore, it is important to understand FPR2's function per se and to elucidate the mechanism underlying immunomodulation initiated by ligand-activated FPR2 before suggesting FPR2 as a novel therapeutic agent for liver diseases. In this review, up-to-date knowledge of FPR2, with general information on the FPR family, is provided. We shed light on the dual action of FPR2 in the liver and discuss the hepatoprotective roles of FPR2 itself and FPR2 agonists in mediating anti-inflammatory responses.
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Abstract
Inflammation and its timely resolution are critical to ensure effective host defense and appropriate tissue repair after injury and or infection. Chronic, unresolved inflammation typifies many prevalent pathologies. The key mediators that initiate and drive the inflammatory response are well defined and targeted by conventional anti-inflammatory therapeutics. More recently, there is a growing appreciation that specific mediators, including arachidonate-derived lipoxins, are generated in self-limiting inflammatory responses to promote the resolution of inflammation and endogenous repair mechanisms without compromising host defense. We discuss the proresolving biological actions of lipoxins and recent efforts to harness their therapeutic potential through the development of novel, potent lipoxin mimetics generated via efficient, modular stereoselective synthetic pathways. We consider the evidence that lipoxin mimetics may have applications in limiting inflammation and reversing fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Godson
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;
- The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick Guiry
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Brennan
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;
- The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Zambelli VO, Hösch NG, Farom S, Zychar BC, Spadacci-Morena DD, Carvalho LV, Curi R, Lepsch LB, Scavone C, Sant'Anna OA, Gonçalves LRC, Cury Y, Sampaio SC. Formyl peptide receptors are involved in CTX-induced impairment of lymphocyte functions. Toxicon 2023; 222:106986. [PMID: 36442690 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.106986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Crotoxin (CTX) is a neurotoxin that is isolated from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus, which displays immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumoral effects. Previous research has demonstrated that CTX promotes the adherence of leukocytes to the endothelial cells in blood microcirculation and the high endothelial venules of lymph nodes, which reduces the number of blood cells and lymphocytes. Studies have also shown that these effects are mediated by lipoxygenase-derived mediators. However, the exact lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoid involved in the CTX effect on lymphocytes is yet to be characterized. As CTX stimulates lipoxin-derived mediators from macrophages and lymphocyte effector functions could be modulated by activating formyl peptide receptors, we aimed to investigate whether these receptors were involved in CTX-induced redistribution and functions of lymphocytes in rats. We used male Wistar rats treated with CTX to demonstrate that Boc2 (butoxycarbonyl-Phe-Leu-Phe-Leu-Phe), an antagonist of formyl peptide receptors, prevented CTX-induced decrease in the number of circulating lymphocytes and increased the expression of the lymphocyte adhesion molecule LFA1. CTX reduced the T and B lymphocyte functions, such as lymphocyte proliferation in response to the mitogen Concanavalin A and antibody production in response to BSA immunization, respectively, which was prevented by the administration of Boc2. Importantly, mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes from CTX-treated rats showed an increased release of 15-epi-LXA4. These results indicate that formyl peptide receptors mediate CTX-induced redistribution of lymphocytes and that 15-epi-LXA4 is a key mediator of the immunosuppressive effects of CTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa O Zambelli
- Laboratory of Pain and Signaling, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Natália Gabriele Hösch
- Laboratory of Pain and Signaling, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sarah Farom
- Laboratory of Pain and Signaling, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Zychar
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Diva D Spadacci-Morena
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Vieira Carvalho
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Immunobiological Production Section, Bioindustrial Center, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Interdisciplinary Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro of Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucilia B Lepsch
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Cristoforo Scavone
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo Augusto Sant'Anna
- Laboratory of Immunochemistry, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luís Roberto C Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Yara Cury
- Laboratory of Pain and Signaling, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra C Sampaio
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Butantan Institute, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Cousins K, Chen CC, Sehanobish E, Jerschow E. The role of oxylipins in NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD). ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 97:423-444. [PMID: 37236766 PMCID: PMC10591515 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is characterized by nasal polyp formation, adult-onset asthma, and hypersensitivity to all cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitors. Oxygenated lipids are collectively known as oxylipins and are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) oxidation products. The most extensively researched oxylipins being the eicosanoids formed from arachidonic acid (AA). There are four major classes of eicosanoids including leukotrienes, prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and lipoxins. In N-ERD, the underlying inflammatory process of the upper and lower respiratory systems begins and occurs independently of NSAID consumption and is due to the overproduction of cysteinyl leukotrienes. Leukotriene mediators all induce edema, bronchoconstriction, and airway mucous secretion. Thromboxane A2 is a potent bronchoconstrictor and induces endothelial adhesion molecule expression. Elevated Prostaglandin D2 metabolites lead to vasoconstriction, additionally impaired up-regulation of prostaglandin E2 leads to symptoms seen in N-ERD as it is essential for maintaining homeostasis of inflammatory responses in the airway and has bronchoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. A characteristic feature of N-ERD is diminished lipoxin levels, this decreased capacity to form endogenous mediators with anti-inflammatory properties could facilitate local inflammatory response and expose bronchial smooth muscle to relatively unopposed actions of broncho-constricting substances. Treatment options, such as leukotriene modifying agents, aspirin desensitization, biologic agents and ESS, appear to influence eicosanoid pathways, however more studies need to be done to further understand the role of oxylipins. Besides AA-derived eicosanoids, other oxylipins may also pay a role but have not been sufficiently studied. Identifying pathogenic N-ERD mechanism is likely to define more effective treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Cousins
- Division of Rheumatology & Clinical Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Chien-Chang Chen
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Esha Sehanobish
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Elina Jerschow
- Division of Allergic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
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