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Powers SK, Radak Z, Ji LL, Jackson M. Reactive oxygen species promote endurance exercise-induced adaptations in skeletal muscles. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:780-792. [PMID: 38719184 PMCID: PMC11336304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The discovery that contracting skeletal muscle generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) was first reported over 40 years ago. The prevailing view in the 1980s was that exercise-induced ROS production promotes oxidation of proteins and lipids resulting in muscle damage. However, a paradigm shift occurred in the 1990s as growing research revealed that ROS are signaling molecules, capable of activating transcriptional activators/coactivators and promoting exercise-induced muscle adaptation. Growing evidence supports the notion that reduction-oxidation (redox) signaling pathways play an important role in the muscle remodeling that occurs in response to endurance exercise training. This review examines the specific role that redox signaling plays in this endurance exercise-induced skeletal muscle adaptation. We begin with a discussion of the primary sites of ROS production in contracting muscle fibers followed by a summary of the antioxidant enzymes involved in the regulation of ROS levels in the cell. We then discuss which redox-sensitive signaling pathways promote endurance exercise-induced muscle adaptation and debate the strength of the evidence supporting the notion that redox signaling plays an essential role in muscle adaptation to endurance exercise training. In hopes of stimulating future research, we highlight several important unanswered questions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott K Powers
- Department of Applied Physiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, Budapest 1123, Hungary
| | - Li Li Ji
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55455, USA
| | - Malcolm Jackson
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
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2
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Liu Y, Yang Y, Wu H, Yang H, Chen L, Sun F, Xia Y. Intensity-specific physical activity measured by accelerometer and the risk of mortality among individuals with cardiometabolic diseases: A prospective study from the UK Biobank. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 156:104786. [PMID: 38788260 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the health benefits of physical activity for general population are well-recognized, the prospective associations of physical activity volume and intensity with mortality among cardiometabolic disease individuals remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the associations of accelerometer-measured intensity-specific physical activity with mortality risk among population with cardiometabolic disease. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Participants were recruited from the United Kingdom (UK) across 22 assessment centers from 2006 to 2010. PARTICIPANTS A total of 9524 participants from the UK Biobank (median: 67.00 years, interquartile range: 61.00-70.00 years) were included in final study. METHODS Accelerometer-measured total volume, moderate-to-vigorous and light intensity physical activity collecting from 2013 to 2015 were quantified using a machine learning model. Multivariable restricted cubic splines and Cox proportional hazard models with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to examine the associations of interests. RESULTS During the follow-up period (median: 6.87 years; interquartile range: 6.32-7.39 years), there were 659 (6.92 %) death events with 218 (2.29 %) cardiovascular disease-related deaths and 441 (4.63 %) non-cardiovascular disease-related deaths separately. In the fully adjusted models, compared with participants in the lowest quartiles of total volume, moderate-to-vigorous and light physical activities, the adjusted HRs (95 % CIs) of all-cause mortality for those in the highest quartiles were 0.40 (0.31, 0.52), 0.48 (0.37, 0.61), and 0.56 (0.44, 0.71) while those for cardiovascular diseases-related mortality were 0.35 (0.22, 0.55), 0.52 (0.35, 0.78) and 0.59 (0.39, 0.88), and for non-cardiovascular diseases-related mortality, they were 0.42 (0.30, 0.59), 0.40 (0.29, 0.54) and 0.54 (0.40, 0.73), separately. The optimal moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity level for cardiovascular diseases-related mortality reduction was found to be in the third quartile (17.75-35.33 min/day). Furthermore, the observed inverse associations were mainly non-linear. CONCLUSIONS Promoting physical activity, regardless of intensity, is essential for individuals with cardiometabolic disease to reduce mortality risk. For both all-cause and cardiovascular disease-related and non-cardiovascular disease-related mortality, the observed decrease in risk seems to level off at a moderate level. The current findings deriving from precise device-based physical activity data provide inference for secondary prevention of cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanzhang Wu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Honghao Yang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yang Xia
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shenyang, China; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Romero-Herrera I, Nogales F, Gallego-López MDC, Díaz-Castro J, Carreras O, Ojeda ML. Selenium supplementation via modulation of selenoproteins ameliorates binge drinking-induced oxidative, energetic, metabolic, and endocrine imbalance in adolescent rats' skeletal muscle. Food Funct 2024; 15:7988-8007. [PMID: 38984595 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01354a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is characterized by increased vulnerability to addiction and ethanol (EtOH) toxicity, particularly through binge drinking (BD), a favored acute EtOH-ingestion pattern among teenagers. BD, highly pro-oxidant, induces oxidative stress (OS), affecting skeletal muscle (SKM), where selenium (Se), an antioxidant element and catalytic center of selenoproteins, is stored, among other tissues. Investigating the effects of Se supplementation on SKM after BD exposure holds therapeutic promise. For this, we randomised 32 adolescent Wistar rats into 4 groups, exposed or not to intermittent i.p. BD [BD and control (C)] (3 g EtOH per kg per day), and supplemented with selenite [BDSe and CSe] (0.4 ppm). In SKM, we examined the oxidative balance, energy status (AMPK, SIRT-1), protein turnover (IRS-1, Akt1, mTOR, IGF-1, NF-κB p65, MAFbx, ULK1, pelF2α), serum myokines (myostatin, IL-6, FGF21, irisin, BDNF, IL-15, fractalkine, FSTL-1, FABP-3), and selenoproteins (GPx1, GPx4, SelM, SelP). In the pancreas, we studied the oxidative balance and SIRT-1 expression. Selenite supplementation mitigated BD-induced OS by enhancing the expression of selenoproteins, which restored oxidative balance, notably stimulating protein synthesis and normalizing the myokine profile, leading to improved SKM mass growth and metabolism, and reduced inflammation and apoptosis (caspase-3). Selenite restoration of SelP's receptor LRP1 expression, reduced by BD, outlines the crucial role of SKM in the SelP cycle, linking Se levels to SKM development. Furthermore, Se attenuated pancreatic OS, preserving insulin secretion. Se supplementation shows potential for alleviating SKM damage from BD, with additional beneficial endocrine effects on the pancreas, adipose tissue, liver, heart and brain that position it as a broad-spectrum treatment for adolescent alcohol consumption, preventing metabolic diseases in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Romero-Herrera
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
| | - Fátima Nogales
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
| | - María Del Carmen Gallego-López
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
| | - Javier Díaz-Castro
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18071-Armilla, Granada, Spain.
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Olimpia Carreras
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
| | - María Luisa Ojeda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Professor García González 2, 41012-Seville, Spain.
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Meneses-Valdés R, Gallero S, Henríquez-Olguín C, Jensen TE. Exploring NADPH oxidases 2 and 4 in cardiac and skeletal muscle adaptations - A cross-tissue comparison. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 223:296-305. [PMID: 39069268 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Striated muscle cells, encompassing cardiac myocytes and skeletal muscle fibers, are fundamental to athletic performance, facilitating blood circulation and coordinated movement through contraction. Despite their distinct functional roles, these muscle types exhibit similarities in cytoarchitecture, protein expression, and excitation-contraction coupling. Both muscle types also undergo molecular remodeling in energy metabolism and cell size in response to acute and repeated exercise stimuli to enhance exercise performance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoforms 2 and 4 have emerged as signaling molecules that regulate exercise adaptations. This review systematically compares NOX2 and NOX4 expression, regulation, and roles in cardiac and skeletal muscle responses across exercise modalities. We highlight the many gaps in our knowledge and opportunities to let future skeletal muscle research into NOX-dependent mechanisms be inspired by cardiac muscle studies and vice versa. Understanding these processes could enhance the development of exercise routines to optimize human performance and health strategies that capitalize on the advantages of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Meneses-Valdés
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Samantha Gallero
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Henríquez-Olguín
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark; Center of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Thomas E Jensen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 13, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.
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Chan SMH, Selemidis S, Vlahos R. The Double-Edged Sword of ROS in Muscle Wasting and COPD: Insights from Aging-Related Sarcopenia. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:882. [PMID: 39061950 PMCID: PMC11274264 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An elevation in reactive oxygen species (ROS) is widely accepted to be a key mechanism that drives chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its major co-morbidity, skeletal muscle wasting. However, it will be perhaps a surprise to many that an elevation in ROS in skeletal muscle is also a critical process for normal skeletal muscle function and in the adaptations to physical exercise. The key message here is that ROS are not solely detrimental. This duality of ROS suggests that the mere use of a broad-acting antioxidant is destined to fail in alleviating skeletal muscle wasting in COPD because it will also be influencing critical physiological ROS-dependent processes. Here, we take a close look at this duality of ROS in skeletal muscle physiology and pathophysiology pertaining to COPD and will aim to gain critical insights from other skeletal muscle wasting conditions due to aging such as sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. H. Chan
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (S.S.); (R.V.)
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Gonzalo-Skok O, Casuso RA. Effects of Mitoquinone (MitoQ) Supplementation on Aerobic Exercise Performance and Oxidative Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:77. [PMID: 38981985 PMCID: PMC11233485 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00741-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contracting skeletal muscle produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from both mitochondrial and cytosolic sources. The use of non-specific antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E, during exercise has produced inconsistent results in terms of exercise performance. Consequently, the effects of the mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme Q10, named Mitoquinone (MitoQ) on exercise responses are currently under investigation. METHODS In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantitatively synthesize research assessing the impact of MitoQ on aerobic endurance performance and exercise-induced oxidative damage. PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases were used to select articles from inception to January 16th of 2024. Inclusion criteria were MitoQ supplementation must be compared with a placebo group, showing acute exercise responses in both; for crossover designs, at least 14 d of washout was needed, and exercise training can be concomitant to MitoQ or placebo supplementation if the study meets the other inclusion criteria points. The risk of bias was evaluated through the Critical Appraisal Checklist (JBI). RESULTS We identified eight studies encompassing a total sample size of 188 subjects. Our findings indicate that MitoQ supplementation effectively reduces exercise-induced oxidative damage (SMD: -1.33; 95% CI: -2.24 to -0.43). Furthermore, our findings indicate that acute and/or chronic MitoQ supplementation does not improve endurance exercise performance (SMD: -0.50; 95% CI: -1.39 to 0.40) despite reducing exercise-induced oxidative stress. Notably, our sensitivity analysis reveals that MitoQ may benefit subjects with peripheral artery disease (PAD) in improving exercise tolerance. CONCLUSION While MitoQ effectively reduces exercise-induced oxidative damage, no evidence suggests that aerobic exercise performance is enhanced by either acute or chronic MitoQ supplementation. However, acute MitoQ supplementation may improve exercise tolerance in subjects with PAD. Future research should investigate whether MitoQ supplementation concurrent with exercise training (e.g., 4-16 weeks) alters adaptations induced by exercise alone and using different doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Gonzalo-Skok
- Department of Communication and Education, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael A Casuso
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Córdoba, Spain.
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7
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Laskin GR, Rentería LI, Muller-Delp JM, Kim JS, Chase PB, Hwang HS, Gordon BS. Short-term aerobic exercise prevents development of glucocorticoid myopathic features in aged skeletal muscle in a sex-dependent manner. J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38861348 DOI: 10.1113/jp286334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Older adults are vulnerable to glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy and weakness, with sex potentially influencing their susceptibility to those effects. Aerobic exercise can reduce glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy in young rodents. However, it is unknown whether aerobic exercise can prevent glucocorticoid myopathy in aged muscle. The objectives of this study were to define the extent to which sex influences the development of glucocorticoid myopathy in aged muscle, and to determine the extent to which aerobic exercise training protects against myopathy development. Twenty-four-month-old female (n = 30) and male (n = 33) mice were randomized to either sedentary or aerobic exercise groups. Within their respective groups, mice were randomized to either daily treatment with dexamethasone (DEX) or saline. Upon completing treatments, the contractile properties of the triceps surae complex were assessed in situ. DEX marginally lowered muscle mass and soluble protein content in both sexes, which was attenuated by aerobic exercise only in females. DEX increased sub-tetanic force and rate of force development only in females, which was not influenced by aerobic exercise. Muscle fatigue was higher in both sexes following DEX, but aerobic exercise prevented fatigue induction only in females. The sex-specific differences to muscle function in response to DEX treatment coincided with sex-specific changes to the content of proteins related to calcium handling, mitochondrial quality control, reactive oxygen species production, and glucocorticoid receptor in muscle. These findings define several important sexually dimorphic changes to aged skeletal muscle physiology in response to glucocorticoid treatment and define the capacity of short-term aerobic exercise to protect against those changes. KEY POINTS: There are sexually dimorphic effects of glucocorticoids on aged skeletal muscle physiology. Glucocorticoid-induced changes to aged muscle contractile properties coincide with sex-specific differences in the content of calcium handling proteins. Aerobic exercise prevents glucocorticoid-induced fatigue only in aged females and coincides with differences in the content of mitochondrial quality control proteins and glucocorticoid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant R Laskin
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Liliana I Rentería
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Judy M Muller-Delp
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Jeong-Su Kim
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - P Bryant Chase
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Hyun Seok Hwang
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Bradley S Gordon
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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8
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Day NJ, Kelly SS, Lui L, Mansfield TA, Gaffrey MJ, Trejo JB, Sagendorf TJ, Attah IK, Moore RJ, Douglas CM, Newman AB, Kritchevsky SB, Kramer PA, Marcinek DJ, Coen PM, Goodpaster BH, Hepple RT, Cawthon PM, Petyuk VA, Esser KA, Qian W, Cummings SR. Signatures of cysteine oxidation on muscle structural and contractile proteins are associated with physical performance and muscle function in older adults: Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14094. [PMID: 38332629 PMCID: PMC11166363 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered a contributor to declining muscle function and mobility during aging; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly described. We hypothesized that greater levels of cysteine (Cys) oxidation on muscle proteins are associated with decreased measures of mobility. Herein, we applied a novel redox proteomics approach to measure reversible protein Cys oxidation in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies collected from 56 subjects in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA), a community-based cohort study of individuals aged 70 years and older. We tested whether levels of Cys oxidation on key muscle proteins involved in muscle structure and contraction were associated with muscle function (leg power and strength), walking speed, and fitness (VO2 peak on cardiopulmonary exercise testing) using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and body weight. Higher oxidation levels of select nebulin Cys sites were associated with lower VO2 peak, while greater oxidation of myomesin-1, myomesin-2, and nebulin Cys sites was associated with slower walking speed. Higher oxidation of Cys sites in key proteins such as myomesin-2, alpha-actinin-2, and skeletal muscle alpha-actin were associated with lower leg power and strength. We also observed an unexpected correlation (R = 0.48) between a higher oxidation level of eight Cys sites in alpha-actinin-3 and stronger leg power. Despite this observation, the results generally support the hypothesis that Cys oxidation of muscle proteins impairs muscle power and strength, walking speed, and cardiopulmonary fitness with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Day
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Shane S. Kelly
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Li‐Yung Lui
- San Francisco Coordinating CenterCalifornia Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Tyler A. Mansfield
- San Francisco Coordinating CenterCalifornia Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Matthew J. Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Jesse B. Trejo
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Tyler J. Sagendorf
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Isaac K. Attah
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Ronald J. Moore
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Collin M. Douglas
- Department of Physiology and AgingUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Anne B. Newman
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine‐Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Philip A. Kramer
- Department of Internal Medicine‐Gerontology and Geriatric MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | - Paul M. Coen
- Translational Research InstituteAdventHealthOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | | | - Russell T. Hepple
- Department of Physical TherapyUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Peggy M. Cawthon
- San Francisco Coordinating CenterCalifornia Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vladislav A. Petyuk
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Karyn A. Esser
- Department of Physiology and AgingUniversity of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Wei‐Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences DivisionPacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA
| | - Steven R. Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating CenterCalifornia Pacific Medical Center Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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9
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Gallero S, Persson KW, Henríquez-Olguín C. Unresolved questions in the regulation of skeletal muscle insulin action by reactive oxygen species. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 38803005 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well-established signaling molecules implicated in a wide range of cellular processes, including both oxidative stress and intracellular redox signaling. In the context of insulin action within its target tissues, ROS have been reported to exert both positive and negative regulatory effects. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this duality remain unclear. This Review examines the complex role of ROS in insulin action, with a particular focus on skeletal muscle. We aim to address three critical aspects: (a) the proposed intracellular pro-oxidative redox shift elicited by insulin, (b) the evidence supporting that redox-sensitive cysteine modifications impact insulin signaling and action, and (c) cellular mechanisms underlying how ROS can paradoxically act as both enhancers and inhibitors of insulin action. This Review underscores the urgent need for more systematic research to identify specific reactive species, redox targets, and the physiological significance of redox signaling in maintaining insulin action and metabolic health, with a particular emphasis on human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Gallero
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaspar W Persson
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlos Henríquez-Olguín
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Exercise Science Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
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10
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Zhou Y, Zhang X, Baker JS, Davison GW, Yan X. Redox signaling and skeletal muscle adaptation during aerobic exercise. iScience 2024; 27:109643. [PMID: 38650987 PMCID: PMC11033207 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox regulation is a fundamental physiological phenomenon related to oxygen-dependent metabolism, and skeletal muscle is mainly regarded as a primary site for oxidative phosphorylation. Several studies have revealed the importance of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in the signaling process relating to muscle adaptation during exercise. To date, improving knowledge of redox signaling in modulating exercise adaptation has been the subject of comprehensive work and scientific inquiry. The primary aim of this review is to elucidate the molecular and biochemical pathways aligned to RONS as activators of skeletal muscle adaptation and to further identify the interconnecting mechanisms controlling redox balance. We also discuss the RONS-mediated pathways during the muscle adaptive process, including mitochondrial biogenesis, muscle remodeling, vascular angiogenesis, neuron regeneration, and the role of exogenous antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingsong Zhou
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- School of Wealth Management, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo, China
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Gareth W. Davison
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast BT15 IED, UK
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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11
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Lai Y, Ramírez-Pardo I, Isern J, An J, Perdiguero E, Serrano AL, Li J, García-Domínguez E, Segalés J, Guo P, Lukesova V, Andrés E, Zuo J, Yuan Y, Liu C, Viña J, Doménech-Fernández J, Gómez-Cabrera MC, Song Y, Liu L, Xu X, Muñoz-Cánoves P, Esteban MA. Multimodal cell atlas of the ageing human skeletal muscle. Nature 2024; 629:154-164. [PMID: 38649488 PMCID: PMC11062927 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy and functional decline (sarcopenia) are common manifestations of frailty and are critical contributors to morbidity and mortality in older people1. Deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia has major implications for understanding human ageing2. Yet, progress has been slow, partly due to the difficulties of characterizing skeletal muscle niche heterogeneity (whereby myofibres are the most abundant) and obtaining well-characterized human samples3,4. Here we generate a single-cell/single-nucleus transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility map of human limb skeletal muscles encompassing over 387,000 cells/nuclei from individuals aged 15 to 99 years with distinct fitness and frailty levels. We describe how cell populations change during ageing, including the emergence of new populations in older people, and the cell-specific and multicellular network features (at the transcriptomic and epigenetic levels) associated with these changes. On the basis of cross-comparison with genetic data, we also identify key elements of chromatin architecture that mark susceptibility to sarcopenia. Our study provides a basis for identifying targets in the skeletal muscle that are amenable to medical, pharmacological and lifestyle interventions in late life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Lai
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ignacio Ramírez-Pardo
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joan Isern
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Juan An
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Antonio L Serrano
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jinxiu Li
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Esther García-Domínguez
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jessica Segalés
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pengcheng Guo
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Vera Lukesova
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Andrés
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jing Zuo
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanyu Liu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
| | - José Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julio Doménech-Fernández
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova y Hospital de Liria and Health Care Department Arnau-Lliria, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Gómez-Cabrera
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and CIBERFES, Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yancheng Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longqi Liu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
- Altos Labs, San Diego Institute of Science, San Diego, CA, USA.
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Esteban
- BGI Research, Hangzhou, China.
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, China.
- Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China.
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University-BGI Research Center for Integrative Biology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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12
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Ro JY, Zhang Y, Asgar J, Shou H, Chung MK, Melemedjian OK, Da Silva JT, Chen S. Forced swim stress exacerbates inflammation-induced hyperalgesia and oxidative stress in the rat trigeminal ganglia. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2024; 5:1372942. [PMID: 38721062 PMCID: PMC11076691 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2024.1372942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of combining psychophysical stress, induced by forced swim (FSS), with masseter inflammation on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in trigeminal ganglia (TG), TRPA1 upregulation in TG, and mechanical hyperalgesia. In a rat model, we demonstrate that FSS potentiates and prolongs CFA-induced ROS upregulation within TG. The ROS levels in CFA combined with FSS group surpass those in the CFA-only group on days 4 and 28 post-treatment. FSS also enhances TRPA1 upregulation in TG, with prolonged expression compared to CFA alone. Furthermore, CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia is significantly prolonged by FSS, persisting up to day 28. PCR array analyses reveal distinct alterations in oxidative stress genes under CFA and CFA combined with FSS conditions, suggesting an intricate regulation of ROS within TG. Notably, genes like Nox4, Hba1, Gpx3, and Duox1 exhibit significant changes, providing potential targets for managing oxidative stress and inflammatory pain. Western blot and immunohistochemistry confirm DUOX1 protein upregulation and localization in TG neurons, indicating a role in ROS generation under inflammatory and stress conditions. This study underscores the complex interplay between psychophysical stress, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the trigeminal system, offering insights into novel therapeutic targets for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Y. Ro
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Youping Zhang
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jamila Asgar
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Huizhong Shou
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Man-Kyo Chung
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ohannes K. Melemedjian
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joyce T. Da Silva
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shou Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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13
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Wang Q, Wang J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Han F, Xiang X, Guo Y, Huang ZW. Increased Expression of PHGDH Under High-Selenium Stress In Vivo. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04079-7. [PMID: 38277119 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04079-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the glycolytic remodeling under high-selenium (Se) stress. Three groups of male C57BL/6J mice were fed on diets with different Se contents (0.03, 0.15, and 0.30 mg Se/kg). Glucose tolerance test (GTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were measured at the third month. Mice were killed at the fourth month. Plasma, liver, and muscle tissues were fetched for biochemistry and Se analysis. The expressions of insulin signaling pathway (PI3K-AKT-mTOR), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), selenoprotein N (SELENON), 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), serine hydroxymethyltransferases 1 (SHMT1), 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and methionine synthase (MS) were analyzed by western blotting (WB) in liver and muscle tissues. The results of GTT and ITT showed that glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were both abnormal in the 0.03 mg Se/kg and 0.3 mg Se/kg groups. Se concentrations in plasma, liver, and muscle of 0.03 mg Se/kg group were significantly lower than that of 0.15 mg Se/kg and 0.30 mg Se/kg groups (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The expressions of P-Akt (Thr-308) in muscle (p < 0.05) and PI3K and mTOR in liver (p < 0.001) of 0.30 mg Se/kg group were downregulated. The expressions of GPX1 in liver and muscle (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001), SELENON in muscle (p < 0.05), PHGDH in liver and muscle (p < 0.05), and SHMT1 (p < 0.05), MTHFR (p < 0.001), and MS (p < 0.001) in muscle of 0.3 mg Se/kg group were upregulated. The de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) was found to be activated in liver and muscle tissues of mice with a high-Se diet for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yiqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xuesong Xiang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yanbin Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen-Wu Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
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14
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Veluthakal R, Esparza D, Hoolachan JM, Balakrishnan R, Ahn M, Oh E, Jayasena CS, Thurmond DC. Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Inter-Organ Miscommunications in T2D Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1504. [PMID: 38338783 PMCID: PMC10855860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogenous disease, and conventionally, peripheral insulin resistance (IR) was thought to precede islet β-cell dysfunction, promoting progression from prediabetes to T2D. New evidence suggests that T2D-lean individuals experience early β-cell dysfunction without significant IR. Regardless of the primary event (i.e., IR vs. β-cell dysfunction) that contributes to dysglycemia, significant early-onset oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple metabolic tissues may be a driver of T2D onset and progression. Oxidative stress, defined as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is mediated by hyperglycemia alone or in combination with lipids. Physiological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue communication, while pathological oxidative stress promotes inter-tissue mis-communication, and new evidence suggests that this is mediated via extracellular vesicles (EVs), including mitochondria containing EVs. Under metabolic-related stress conditions, EV-mediated cross-talk between β-cells and skeletal muscle likely trigger mitochondrial anomalies leading to prediabetes and T2D. This article reviews the underlying molecular mechanisms in ROS-related pathogenesis of prediabetes, including mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics due to oxidative stress. Further, this review will describe the potential of various therapeutic avenues for attenuating oxidative damage, reversing prediabetes and preventing progression to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajakrishnan Veluthakal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Debbie C. Thurmond
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, 1500 E. Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA; (D.E.); (J.M.H.); (R.B.); (M.A.); (E.O.); (C.S.J.)
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15
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Edman S, Flockhart M, Larsen FJ, Apró W. Need for speed: Human fast-twitch mitochondria favor power over efficiency. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101854. [PMID: 38104652 PMCID: PMC10788296 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human skeletal muscle consists of a mixture of slow- and fast-twitch fibers with distinct capacities for contraction mechanics, fermentation, and oxidative phosphorylation. While the divergence in mitochondrial volume favoring slow-twitch fibers is well established, data on the fiber type-specific intrinsic mitochondrial function and morphology are highly limited with existing data mainly being generated in animal models. This highlights the need for more human data on the topic. METHODS Here, we utilized THRIFTY, a rapid fiber type identification protocol to detect, sort, and pool fast- and slow-twitch fibers within 6 h of muscle biopsy sampling. Respiration of permeabilized fast- and slow-twitch fiber pools was then analyzed with high-resolution respirometry. Using standardized western blot procedures, muscle fiber pools were subsequently analyzed for control proteins and key proteins related to respiratory capacity. RESULTS Maximal complex I+II respiration was 25% higher in human slow-twitch fibers compared to fast-twitch fibers. However, per mitochondrial volume, the respiratory rate of mitochondria in fast-twitch fibers was approximately 50% higher for complex I+II, which was primarily mediated through elevated complex II respiration. Furthermore, the abundance of complex II protein and proteins regulating cristae structure were disproportionally elevated in mitochondria of the fast-twitch fibers. The difference in intrinsic respiratory rate was not reflected in fatty acid-or complex I respiration. CONCLUSION Mitochondria of human fast-twitch muscle fibers compensate for their lack of volume by substantially elevating intrinsic respiratory rate through increased reliance on complex II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Edman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; The Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Mikael Flockhart
- The Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Filip J Larsen
- The Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William Apró
- The Åstrand Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Huang W, Bates R, Zou X, Queen NJ, Mo X, Arnold WD, Ray A, Owendoff G, Cao L. Environmental Enrichment Improves Motor Function and Muscle Transcriptome of Aged Mice. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300148. [PMID: 37518850 PMCID: PMC10825065 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging results in the progressive decline of muscle strength. Interventions to maintain muscle strength may mitigate the age-related loss of physical function, thus maximizing health span. The work on environmental enrichment (EE), an experimental paradigm recapitulating aspects of an active lifestyle, has revealed EE-induced metabolic benefits mediated by a brain-fat axis across the lifespan of mice. EE initiated at 18-month of age shows a trend toward an increased mean lifespan. While previous work described EE's influences on the aging dynamics of several central-peripheral processes, its influence on muscle remained understudied. Here, the impact of EE is investigated on motor function, neuromuscular physiology, and the skeletal muscle transcriptome. EE is initiated in 20-month-old mice for a five-month period. EE mice exhibit greater relative lean mass that is associated with improved mobility and hindlimb grip strength. Transcriptomic profiling of muscle tissue reveals an EE-associated enrichment of gene expression within several metabolic pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and the TCA cycle. Many mitochondrial-related genes-several of which participate in the electron transport chain-are upregulated. Stress-responsive signaling pathways are downregulated because of EE. The results suggest that EE improves motor function-possibly through preservation of mitochondrial function-even late in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Rhiannon Bates
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xunchang Zou
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Queen
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - W. David Arnold
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Alissa Ray
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gregory Owendoff
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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17
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Greatorex S, Kaur S, Xirouchaki CE, Goh PK, Wiede F, Genders AJ, Tran M, Jia Y, Raajendiran A, Brown WA, McLean CA, Sadoshima J, Watt MJ, Tiganis T. Mitochondria- and NOX4-dependent antioxidant defense mitigates progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in obesity. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e162533. [PMID: 38060313 PMCID: PMC10849767 DOI: 10.1172/jci162533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in the majority of individuals with obesity, but in a subset of these individuals, it progresses to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (0NASH) and fibrosis. The mechanisms that prevent NASH and fibrosis in the majority of patients with NAFLD remain unclear. Here, we report that NAD(P)H oxidase 4 (NOX4) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2) were elevated in hepatocytes early in disease progression to prevent NASH and fibrosis. Mitochondria-derived ROS activated NFE2L2 to induce the expression of NOX4, which in turn generated H2O2 to exacerbate the NFE2L2 antioxidant defense response. The deletion or inhibition of NOX4 in hepatocytes decreased ROS and attenuated antioxidant defense to promote mitochondrial oxidative stress, damage proteins and lipids, diminish insulin signaling, and promote cell death upon oxidant challenge. Hepatocyte NOX4 deletion in high-fat diet-fed obese mice, which otherwise develop steatosis, but not NASH, resulted in hepatic oxidative damage, inflammation, and T cell recruitment to drive NASH and fibrosis, whereas NOX4 overexpression tempered the development of NASH and fibrosis in mice fed a NASH-promoting diet. Thus, mitochondria- and NOX4-derived ROS function in concert to drive a NFE2L2 antioxidant defense response to attenuate oxidative liver damage and progression to NASH and fibrosis in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer Greatorex
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Supreet Kaur
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | | | - Pei K. Goh
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Florian Wiede
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Amanda J. Genders
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Melanie Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - YaoYao Jia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Arthe Raajendiran
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Wendy A. Brown
- Department of Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Matthew J. Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
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18
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Klotz LO, Carlberg C. Nutrigenomics and redox regulation: Concepts relating to the Special Issue on nutrigenomics. Redox Biol 2023; 68:102920. [PMID: 37839954 PMCID: PMC10624588 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
During our whole lifespan, from conception to death, the epigenomes of all tissues and cell types of our body integrate signals from the environment. This includes signals derived from our diet and the uptake of macro- and micronutrients. In most cases, this leads only to transient changes, but some effects of this epigenome programming process are persistent and can even be transferred to the next generation. Both epigenetic programming and redox processes are affected by the individual choice of diet and other lifestyle decisions like physical activity. The nutrient-gene communication pathways have adapted during human evolution and are essential for maintaining health. However, when they are maladaptive, such as in long-term obesity, they significantly contribute to diseases like type 2 diabetes and cancer. The field of nutrigenomics investigates nutrition-related signal transduction pathways and their effect on gene expression involving interactions both with the genome and the epigenomes. Several of these diet-(epi)genome interactions and the involved signal transduction cascades are redox-regulated. Examples include the effects of the NAD+/NADH ratio, vitamin C levels and secondary metabolites of dietary molecules from plants on the acetylation and methylation state of the epigenome as well as on gene expression through redox-sensitive pathways via the transcription factors NFE2L2 and FOXO. In this review, we summarize and extend on these topics as well as those discussed in the articles of this Special Issue and take them into the context of redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars-Oliver Klotz
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Nutrigenomics Section, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-10-748, Olsztyn, Poland; School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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19
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Day NJ, Kelly SS, Lui LY, Mansfield TA, Gaffrey MJ, Trejo JB, Sagendorf TJ, Attah K, Moore RJ, Douglas CM, Newman AB, Kritchevsky SB, Kramer PA, Marcinek DJ, Coen PM, Goodpaster BH, Hepple RT, Cawthon PM, Petyuk VA, Esser KA, Qian WJ, Cummings SR. Signatures of Cysteine Oxidation on Muscle Structural and Contractile Proteins Are Associated with Physical Performance and Muscle Function in Older Adults: Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA). MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.11.07.23298224. [PMID: 37986748 PMCID: PMC10659491 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.07.23298224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered a contributor to declining muscle function and mobility during aging; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly described. We hypothesized that greater levels of cysteine (Cys) oxidation on muscle proteins are associated with decreased measures of mobility. Herein, we applied a novel redox proteomics approach to measure reversible protein Cys oxidation in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies collected from 56 subjects in the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA), a community-based cohort study of individuals aged 70 years and older. We tested whether levels of Cys oxidation on key muscle proteins involved in muscle structure and contraction were associated with muscle function (leg power and strength), walking speed, and fitness (VO2 peak on cardiopulmonary exercise testing) using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and body weight. Higher oxidation levels of select nebulin Cys sites were associated with lower VO2 peak, while greater oxidation of myomesin-1, myomesin-2, and nebulin Cys sites was associated with slower walking speed. Higher oxidation of Cys sites in key proteins such as myomesin-2, alpha-actinin-2, and skeletal muscle alpha-actin were associated with lower leg power and strength. We also observed an unexpected correlation (r = 0.48) between a higher oxidation level of 8 Cys sites in alpha-actinin-3 and stronger leg power. Despite this observation, the results generally support the hypothesis that Cys oxidation of muscle proteins impair muscle power and strength, walking speed, and cardiopulmonary fitness with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Day
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Shane S. Kelly
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Li-Yung Lui
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tyler A. Mansfield
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Matthew J. Gaffrey
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Jesse B. Trejo
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Tyler J. Sagendorf
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Kwame Attah
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Ronald J. Moore
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Collin M. Douglas
- Department of Physiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Anne B. Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stephen B. Kritchevsky
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Philip A. Kramer
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - David J. Marcinek
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Paul M. Coen
- Translational Research Institute, AdventHealth, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | | | - Russell T. Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Peggy M. Cawthon
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Vladislav A. Petyuk
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Karyn A. Esser
- Department of Physiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA
| | - Steven R. Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, USA
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20
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Wu T, Ma W, Lu W, Huangshen Z, Chen S, Yang Q, Li C, Li Z, Li N, Feng X, Li L, Miao Y, Wang J, Liu X, Cai Y, He Y, He X, Li J, Zhao R, Wen J. Vaccarin alleviates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via decreasing NOX4-derived ROS. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21231. [PMID: 38027630 PMCID: PMC10660019 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutant widely used in treating solid tumors, with the common side effect of acute kidney injury (AKI). Developing effective useful agent for preventing or treating cisplatin-induced AKI is of great importance. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of vaccarin, a chemical entity of flavonoid glycoside, against cisplatin-induced AKI. Cisplatin-treated C57BL/6J mice and human kidney-2 (HK-2) cells were used as the model of cisplatin-induced AKI. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatine (Cr) levels and periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS) scores decreased when vaccarin was administrated. Vaccarin had no impact on renal platinum accumulation, which was detected by the ICP-MS 6 h after cisplatin injection. Moreover, vaccarin can significantly alleviate the product of reactive oxygen species and the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4 (NOX4) in cisplatin-induced AKI, both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, vaccarin decreased the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) related programmed necrosis (necroptosis), cell apoptosis (shown by the protein levels of cleaved-caspase3 and flow cytometry) and inflammation (shown by the decreased levels of NLRP3, p-P65 and the mRNA of several inflammatory factors). NOX4 inhibitor GLX351322 (GLX) and NOX4 kowndown by siRNA have equivalent protective effect of vaccarin in vitro. When vaccarin was administered together with GLX or NOX4 siRNA, this protective effect of vaccarin did not further increase, as indicating by the index of oxidative stress, cell viability, necroptosis and apoptosis. In conclusion, vaccarin can alleviate cisplatin-induced AKI via inhibiting NOX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingni Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wenxian Ma
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Weili Lu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zhuofan Huangshen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Shiqing Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Chao Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zeng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Ning Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Li Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yu Miao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jianan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xueqi Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yuting Cai
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yuan He
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Jiagen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, the Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
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21
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Muvhulawa N, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Ndwandwe D, Silvestri S, Ziqubu K, Moetlediwa MT, Mthembu SXH, Marnewick JL, Van der Westhuizen FH, Nkambule BB, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Sarcopenia in a type 2 diabetic state: Reviewing literature on the pathological consequences of oxidative stress and inflammation beyond the neutralizing effect of intracellular antioxidants. Life Sci 2023; 332:122125. [PMID: 37769808 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia remains one of the major pathological features of type 2 diabetes (T2D), especially in older individuals. This condition describes gradual loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that reduces the overall vitality and fitness, leading to increased hospitalizations and even fatalities to those affected. Preclinical evidence indicates that dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics, together with impaired activity of the NADPH oxidase system, are the major sources of oxidative stress that drive skeletal muscle damage in T2D. While patients with T2D also display relatively higher levels of circulating inflammatory markers in the serum, including high sensitivity-C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α that are independently linked with the deterioration of muscle function and sarcopenia in T2D. In fact, beyond reporting on the pathological consequences of both oxidative stress and inflammation, the current review highlights the importance of strengthening intracellular antioxidant systems to preserve muscle mass, strength, and function in individuals with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndivhuwo Muvhulawa
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Duduzile Ndwandwe
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Marakiya T Moetlediwa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Jeanine L Marnewick
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | | | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
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22
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Kasai S, Kokubu D, Mizukami H, Itoh K. Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species, Insulin Resistance, and Nrf2-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response-Toward an Actionable Strategy for Anti-Aging. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1544. [PMID: 37892226 PMCID: PMC10605809 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced mainly by mitochondrial respiration and function as signaling molecules in the physiological range. However, ROS production is also associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This review focuses on the etiology of IR and early events, especially mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production in insulin-sensitive tissues. Importantly, IR and/or defective adipogenesis in the white adipose tissues (WAT) is thought to increase free fatty acid and ectopic lipid deposition to develop into systemic IR. Fatty acid and ceramide accumulation mediate coenzyme Q reduction and mtROS production in IR in the skeletal muscle, while coenzyme Q synthesis downregulation is also involved in mtROS production in the WAT. Obesity-related IR is associated with the downregulation of mitochondrial catabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in the WAT, and the accumulation of BCAA and its metabolites as biomarkers in the blood could reliably indicate future T2D. Transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which regulates antioxidant enzyme expression in response to oxidative stress, is downregulated in insulin-resistant tissues. However, Nrf2 inducers, such as sulforaphane, could restore Nrf2 and target gene expression and attenuate IR in multiple tissues, including the WAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Kasai
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Daichi Kokubu
- Department of Vegetable Life Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
- Diet & Well-being Research Institute, KAGOME CO., LTD., 17 Nishitomiyama, Nasushiobara 329-2762, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mizukami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Research, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
- Department of Vegetable Life Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan;
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23
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Li Q, Zhang Q, Kim YR, Gaddam RR, Jacobs JS, Bachschmid MM, Younis T, Zhu Z, Zingman L, London B, Rauckhorst AJ, Taylor EB, Norris AW, Vikram A, Irani K. Deficiency of endothelial sirtuin1 in mice stimulates skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity by modifying the secretome. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5595. [PMID: 37696839 PMCID: PMC10495425 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41351-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Downregulation of endothelial Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) in insulin resistant states contributes to vascular dysfunction. Furthermore, Sirt1 deficiency in skeletal myocytes promotes insulin resistance. Here, we show that deletion of endothelial Sirt1, while impairing endothelial function, paradoxically improves skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. Compared to wild-type mice, male mice lacking endothelial Sirt1 (E-Sirt1-KO) preferentially utilize glucose over fat, and have higher insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and Akt signaling in fast-twitch skeletal muscle. Enhanced insulin sensitivity of E-Sirt1-KO mice is transferrable to wild-type mice via the systemic circulation. Endothelial Sirt1 deficiency, by inhibiting autophagy and activating nuclear factor-kappa B signaling, augments expression and secretion of thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) that promotes insulin signaling in skeletal myotubes. Thus, unlike in skeletal myocytes, Sirt1 deficiency in the endothelium promotes glucose homeostasis by stimulating skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity through a blood-borne mechanism, and augmented secretion of Tβ4 by Sirt1-deficient endothelial cells boosts insulin signaling in skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine and UCLA Health, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Quanjiang Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine and UCLA Health, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Young-Rae Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Ravinder Reddy Gaddam
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Julia S Jacobs
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | | | - Tsneem Younis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Leonid Zingman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Barry London
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Adam J Rauckhorst
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (FOEDRC), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- FOEDRC Metabolomics Core Facility, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Eric B Taylor
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (FOEDRC), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- FOEDRC Metabolomics Core Facility, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Andrew W Norris
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (FOEDRC), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- FOEDRC Metabolic Phenotyping Core Facility, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Ajit Vikram
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (FOEDRC), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kaikobad Irani
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (FOEDRC), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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24
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Smith JAB, Murach KA, Dyar KA, Zierath JR. Exercise metabolism and adaptation in skeletal muscle. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:607-632. [PMID: 37225892 PMCID: PMC10527431 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Viewing metabolism through the lens of exercise biology has proven an accessible and practical strategy to gain new insights into local and systemic metabolic regulation. Recent methodological developments have advanced understanding of the central role of skeletal muscle in many exercise-associated health benefits and have uncovered the molecular underpinnings driving adaptive responses to training regimens. In this Review, we provide a contemporary view of the metabolic flexibility and functional plasticity of skeletal muscle in response to exercise. First, we provide background on the macrostructure and ultrastructure of skeletal muscle fibres, highlighting the current understanding of sarcomeric networks and mitochondrial subpopulations. Next, we discuss acute exercise skeletal muscle metabolism and the signalling, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of adaptations to exercise training. We address knowledge gaps throughout and propose future directions for the field. This Review contextualizes recent research of skeletal muscle exercise metabolism, framing further advances and translation into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon A B Smith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Molecular Mass Regulation Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Kenneth A Dyar
- Metabolic Physiology, Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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25
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Henriquez-Olguin C, Meneses-Valdes R, Raun SH, Gallero S, Knudsen JR, Li Z, Li J, Sylow L, Jaimovich E, Jensen TE. NOX2 deficiency exacerbates diet-induced obesity and impairs molecular training adaptations in skeletal muscle. Redox Biol 2023; 65:102842. [PMID: 37572454 PMCID: PMC10440567 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2 has been linked to both insulin resistance and exercise training adaptations in skeletal muscle. This study explores the previously unexamined role of NOX2 in the interplay between diet-induced insulin resistance and exercise training (ET). Using a mouse model that harbors a point mutation in the essential NOX2 regulatory subunit, p47phox (Ncf1*), we investigated the impact of this mutation on various metabolic adaptations. Wild-type (WT) and Ncf1* mice were assigned to three groups: chow diet, 60% energy fat diet (HFD), and HFD with access to running wheels (HFD + E). After a 16-week intervention, a comprehensive phenotypic assessment was performed, including body composition, glucose tolerance, energy intake, muscle insulin signaling, redox-related proteins, and mitochondrial adaptations. The results revealed that NOX2 deficiency exacerbated the impact of HFD on body weight, body composition, and glucose intolerance. Moreover, in Ncf1* mice, ET did not improve glucose tolerance or increase muscle cross-sectional area. ET normalized body fat independently of genotype. The lack of NOX2 activity during ET reduced several metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle, including insulin signaling and expression of Hexokinase II and oxidative phosphorylation complexes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that NOX2 mediates key beneficial effects of exercise training in the context of diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Henriquez-Olguin
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Exercise Science Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Av. Pedro de Valdivia 1509, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Roberto Meneses-Valdes
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Steffen H Raun
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Samantha Gallero
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jonas R Knudsen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhencheng Li
- College of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, CN, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Huzhou University, Huzhou, 313000, CN, China
| | - Lykke Sylow
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 3 Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Enrique Jaimovich
- Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer, ICBM, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile
| | - Thomas E Jensen
- The August Krogh Section for Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, August Krogh Building, Universitetsparken 13, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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26
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Toro CA, De Gasperi R, Aslan A, Johnson N, Siddiq MM, Chow C, Zhao W, Harlow L, Graham Z, Liu XH, Sadoshima J, Iyengar R, Cardozo CP. Muscle-restricted Nox4 knockout partially corrects muscle contractility following spinal cord injury in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.04.551985. [PMID: 37577656 PMCID: PMC10418279 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.04.551985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in severe atrophy of skeletal muscle in paralyzed regions, and a decrease in the force generated by muscle per unit of cross-sectional area. Oxidation of skeletal muscle ryanodine 1 receptors (RyR1) reduces contractile force due to reduced binding of calstabin 1 to RyR1 together with altered gating of RyR1. One cause of RyR1 oxidation is NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4). We have previously shown that in rats, RyR1 was oxidized and bound less calstabin 1 at 56 days after spinal cord injury (SCI) by transection. Here, we used a conditional knock-out mouse model of Nox4 in muscle to investigate the role of Nox4 in reduced muscle specific force after SCI. Peak twitch force in control mice after SCI was reduced by 42% compared to sham-operated controls but was increased by approximately 43% in SCI Nox4 conditional KO mice compared to SCI controls although it remained less than that for sham-operated controls. Unlike what observed in rats, after SCI the expression of Nox4 was not increased in gastrocnemius muscle and binding of calstabin 1 to RyR1 was not reduced in this muscle. The results suggest a link between Nox4 expression in muscle tissue and reduction in muscle twitch force, however further studies are needed to understand the mechanistic basis for this linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Toro
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Rita De Gasperi
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- Department of Phychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Abdurrahman Aslan
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Nicholas Johnson
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
- Pharmacological Science and Systems Biomedicine Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Mustafa M Siddiq
- Pharmacological Science and Systems Biomedicine Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Christine Chow
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
| | - Wei Zhao
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Lauren Harlow
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
| | - Zachary Graham
- Healthspan, Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL
- Research Service, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL
- Department of Cellular, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Xin-Hua Liu
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
| | - Ravi Iyengar
- Pharmacological Science and Systems Biomedicine Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Christopher P Cardozo
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J Peters VA Medical Center
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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27
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Yan L, Guo L. Exercise-regulated white adipocyte differentitation: An insight into its role and mechanism. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1670-1692. [PMID: 37334782 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
White adipocytes play a key role in the regulation of fat mass amount and energy balance. An appropriate level of white adipocyte differentiation is important for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Exercise, an important way to improve metabolic health, can regulate white adipocyte differentiation. In this review, the effect of exercise on the differentiation of white adipocytes is summarized. Exercise could regulate adipocyte differentiation in multiple ways, such as exerkines, metabolites, microRNAs, and so on. The potential mechanism underlying the role of exercise in adipocyte differentiation is also reviewed and discussed. In-depth investigation of the role and mechanism of exercise in white adipocyte differentiation would provide new insights into exercise-mediated improvement of metabolism and facilitate the application of exercise-based strategy against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Yan
- School of Exercise and Health and Collaborative Innovation Center for Sports and Public Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences (Shanghai University of Sport), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Guo
- School of Exercise and Health and Collaborative Innovation Center for Sports and Public Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences (Shanghai University of Sport), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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28
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Chaudière J. Biological and Catalytic Properties of Selenoproteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10109. [PMID: 37373256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenocysteine is a catalytic residue at the active site of all selenoenzymes in bacteria and mammals, and it is incorporated into the polypeptide backbone by a co-translational process that relies on the recoding of a UGA termination codon into a serine/selenocysteine codon. The best-characterized selenoproteins from mammalian species and bacteria are discussed with emphasis on their biological function and catalytic mechanisms. A total of 25 genes coding for selenoproteins have been identified in the genome of mammals. Unlike the selenoenzymes of anaerobic bacteria, most mammalian selenoenzymes work as antioxidants and as redox regulators of cell metabolism and functions. Selenoprotein P contains several selenocysteine residues and serves as a selenocysteine reservoir for other selenoproteins in mammals. Although extensively studied, glutathione peroxidases are incompletely understood in terms of local and time-dependent distribution, and regulatory functions. Selenoenzymes take advantage of the nucleophilic reactivity of the selenolate form of selenocysteine. It is used with peroxides and their by-products such as disulfides and sulfoxides, but also with iodine in iodinated phenolic substrates. This results in the formation of Se-X bonds (X = O, S, N, or I) from which a selenenylsulfide intermediate is invariably produced. The initial selenolate group is then recycled by thiol addition. In bacterial glycine reductase and D-proline reductase, an unusual catalytic rupture of selenium-carbon bonds is observed. The exchange of selenium for sulfur in selenoproteins, and information obtained from model reactions, suggest that a generic advantage of selenium compared with sulfur relies on faster kinetics and better reversibility of its oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Chaudière
- CBMN (CNRS, UMR 5248), University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
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29
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Elksnis A, Welsh N, Wikström P, Lau J, Carlsson PO. The selective NOX4 inhibitor GLX7013159 decreases blood glucose concentrations and human beta-cell apoptotic rates in diabetic NMRI nu/nu mice transplanted with human islets. Free Radic Res 2023; 57:460-469. [PMID: 37972305 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2284637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) inhibition has been reported to mitigate diabetes-induced beta-cell dysfunction and improve survival in vitro, as well as counteract high-fat diet-induced glucose intolerance in mice. We investigated the antidiabetic effects of the selective NOX4 inhibitor GLX7013159 in vivo in athymic diabetic mice transplanted with human islets over a period of 4 weeks. The GLX7013159-treated mice achieved lower blood glucose and water consumption throughout the treatment period. Furthermore, GLX7013159 treatment resulted in improved insulin and c-peptide levels, better insulin secretion capacity, as well as in greatly reduced apoptotic rates of the insulin-positive human cells, measured as colocalization of insulin and cleaved caspase-3. We conclude that the antidiabetic effects of NOX4 inhibition by GLX7013159 are observed also during a prolonged study period in vivo and are likely to be due to an improved survival and function of the human beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andris Elksnis
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nils Welsh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Joey Lau
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Carlsson
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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30
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Argaev-Frenkel L, Rosenzweig T. Redox Balance in Type 2 Diabetes: Therapeutic Potential and the Challenge of Antioxidant-Based Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050994. [PMID: 37237860 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and associated complications. Unfortunately, most clinical studies have failed to provide sufficient evidence regarding the benefits of antioxidants (AOXs) in treating this disease. Based on the known complexity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) functions in both the physiology and pathophysiology of glucose homeostasis, it is suggested that inappropriate dosing leads to the failure of AOXs in T2D treatment. To support this hypothesis, the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of T2D is described, together with a summary of the evidence for the failure of AOXs in the management of diabetes. A comparison of preclinical and clinical studies indicates that suboptimal dosing of AOXs might explain the lack of benefits of AOXs. Conversely, the possibility that glycemic control might be adversely affected by excess AOXs is also considered, based on the role of ROS in insulin signaling. We suggest that AOX therapy should be given in a personalized manner according to the need, which is the presence and severity of oxidative stress. With the development of gold-standard biomarkers for oxidative stress, optimization of AOX therapy may be achieved to maximize the therapeutic potential of these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tovit Rosenzweig
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
- Adison School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4070000, Israel
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31
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Pala R, Cruciani S, Manca A, Garroni G, El Faqir MA, Lentini V, Capobianco G, Pantaleo A, Maioli M. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Behavior under Microgravity: From Stress Response to a Premature Senescence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097753. [PMID: 37175460 PMCID: PMC10178040 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are undifferentiated cells able to acquire different phenotypes under specific stimuli. Wharton's jelly is a tissue in the umbilical cord that contains mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with a high plasticity and differentiation potential. Their regeneration capability is compromised by cell damage and aging. The main cause of cell damage is oxidative stress coming from an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant species. Microgravity represents a stressing condition able to induce ROS production, ultimately leading to different subcellular compartment damages. Here, we analyzed molecular programs of stemness (Oct-4; SOX2; Nanog), cell senescence, p19, p21 (WAF1/CIP1), p53, and stress response in WJ-MSCs exposed to microgravity. From our results, we can infer that a simulated microgravity environment is able to influence WJ-MSC behavior by modulating the expression of stress and stemness-related genes, cell proliferation regulators, and both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic genes. Our results suggest a cellular adaptation addressed to survival occurring during the first hours of simulated microgravity, followed by a loss of stemness and proliferation capability, probably related to the appearance of a molecular program of senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzo Pala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sara Cruciani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessia Manca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Garroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mohammed Amine El Faqir
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Veronica Lentini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giampiero Capobianco
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Gynecologic and Obstetric Clinic, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonella Pantaleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Margherita Maioli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Center for Developmental Biology and Reprogramming (CEDEBIOR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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32
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Li Y, Liu Y, Liu S, Gao M, Wang W, Chen K, Huang L, Liu Y. Diabetic vascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:152. [PMID: 37037849 PMCID: PMC10086073 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular complications of diabetes pose a severe threat to human health. Prevention and treatment protocols based on a single vascular complication are no longer suitable for the long-term management of patients with diabetes. Diabetic panvascular disease (DPD) is a clinical syndrome in which vessels of various sizes, including macrovessels and microvessels in the cardiac, cerebral, renal, ophthalmic, and peripheral systems of patients with diabetes, develop atherosclerosis as a common pathology. Pathological manifestations of DPDs usually manifest macrovascular atherosclerosis, as well as microvascular endothelial function impairment, basement membrane thickening, and microthrombosis. Cardiac, cerebral, and peripheral microangiopathy coexist with microangiopathy, while renal and retinal are predominantly microangiopathic. The following associations exist between DPDs: numerous similar molecular mechanisms, and risk-predictive relationships between diseases. Aggressive glycemic control combined with early comprehensive vascular intervention is the key to prevention and treatment. In addition to the widely recommended metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, for the latest molecular mechanisms, aldose reductase inhibitors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonizts, glucokinases agonizts, mitochondrial energy modulators, etc. are under active development. DPDs are proposed for patients to obtain more systematic clinical care requires a comprehensive diabetes care center focusing on panvascular diseases. This would leverage the advantages of a cross-disciplinary approach to achieve better integration of the pathogenesis and therapeutic evidence. Such a strategy would confer more clinical benefits to patients and promote the comprehensive development of DPD as a discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- The Second Department of Gerontology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Shiwei Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Mengqi Gao
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Wenting Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Keji Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- China Center for Evidence-based Medicine of TCM, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Yue Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
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33
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Supruniuk E, Górski J, Chabowski A. Endogenous and Exogenous Antioxidants in Skeletal Muscle Fatigue Development during Exercise. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020501. [PMID: 36830059 PMCID: PMC9952836 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle fatigue is defined as a decrease in maximal force or power generated in response to contractile activity, and it is a risk factor for the development of musculoskeletal injuries. One of the many stressors imposed on skeletal muscle through exercise is the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which intensifies as a function of exercise intensity and duration. Exposure to ROS/RNS can affect Na+/K+-ATPase activity, intramyofibrillar calcium turnover and sensitivity, and actin-myosin kinetics to reduce muscle force production. On the other hand, low ROS/RNS concentrations can likely upregulate an array of cellular adaptative responses related to mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose transport and muscle hypertrophy. Consequently, growing evidence suggests that exogenous antioxidant supplementation might hamper exercise-engendering upregulation in the signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), peroxisome-proliferator activated co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Ultimately, both high (exercise-induced) and low (antioxidant intervention) ROS concentrations can trigger beneficial responses as long as they do not override the threshold range for redox balance. The mechanisms underlying the two faces of ROS/RNS in exercise, as well as the role of antioxidants in muscle fatigue, are presented in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(85)-748-55-85
| | - Jan Górski
- Department of Medical Sciences, Academy of Applied Sciences, 18-400 Łomża, Poland
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
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34
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Li Y, Lin S, Xu X, Jin W, Su Y, Yuan F, Zhang Y, Li Z, Zhou Y, Zhu L, Zhang L. Skeletal muscle HSF1 prevents insulin resistance by improving glucose utilization. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22667. [PMID: 36421020 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201160rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of muscle glucose utilization has significant potential for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is involved in cellular metabolism and regulation of muscle metabolism. However, it is unclear how HSF1 regulates muscle glucose metabolism. In the present study, the development of obesity in mice was associated with HSF1 downregulation. Serum samples and muscle biopsies were obtained from obese and healthy humans. Fasting glucose and insulin levels and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance value showed that obesity was associated with insulin resistance. The skeletal muscle level of HSF1 was decreased in obese and ob/ob mice. HSF1 was selectively over-expressed in the skeletal muscles of high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Muscle HSF1 over-expression successfully triggered glycolytic-to-oxidative myofiber switch and increased fatty acid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscles of HFD-fed mice. Moreover, HSF1 improved energy expenditure and blocked muscle accumulation of triglycerides in HFD-fed mice. Consequently, muscle HSF1 mitigated the impaired muscle insulin signaling and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, T2DM and obesity in HFD-fed mice may be treated with selective HSF1-directed programming of exercise-like effects in skeletal muscle. These findings may aid the development of a new therapeutic approach for obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shibo Lin
- Department of Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Weilai Jin
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yinglin Su
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fuqiang Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhengying Li
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yahui Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lihong Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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35
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Hammers DW. NOX4 inhibition promotes the remodeling of dystrophic muscle. JCI Insight 2022; 7:158316. [PMID: 36278481 PMCID: PMC9714779 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscular dystrophies (MDs) are genetic muscle diseases that result in progressive muscle degeneration followed by the fibrotic replacement of affected muscles as regenerative processes fail. Therapeutics that specifically address the fibrosis and failed regeneration associated with MDs represent a major unmet clinical need for MD patients, particularly those with advanced-stage disease progression. The current study investigated targeting NAD(P)H oxidase 4 (NOX4) as a potential strategy to reduce fibrosis and promote regeneration in disease-burdened muscle that models Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). NOX4 was elevated in the muscles of dystrophic mice and DMD patients, localizing primarily to interstitial cells located between muscle fibers. Genetic and pharmacological targeting of NOX4 significantly reduced fibrosis in dystrophic respiratory and limb muscles. Mechanistically, NOX4 targeting decreased the number of fibrosis-depositing cells (myofibroblasts) and restored the number of muscle-specific stem cells (satellite cells) localized to their physiological niche, thereby rejuvenating muscle regeneration. Furthermore, acute inhibition of NOX4 was sufficient to induce apoptotic clearing of myofibroblasts within dystrophic muscle. These data indicate that targeting NOX4 is an effective strategy to promote the beneficial remodeling of disease-burdened muscle representative of DMD and, potentially, other MDs and muscle pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Hammers
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and
- Myology Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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36
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Impact of Sustained Exogenous Irisin Myokine Administration on Muscle and Myocyte Integrity in Sprague Dawley Rats. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100939. [PMID: 36295841 PMCID: PMC9610605 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine implicated as a fundamental mediator of physical activity benefits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the chronic administration model of irisin on the physiological and molecular status of skeletal muscle. A total of 20 female Sprague Dawley rats (250 ± 40 g) were implanted with an irisin-loaded osmotic pump (5 µg/kg/day) for 42 days; in addition, 3 females received a single subcutaneous injection of irisin (5 µg/kg). On a weekly basis for six weeks, animals were weighed and blood samples were collected. After 42 days, hind muscle biopsies were collected for histology and gene analysis. Serum irisin, clinical biochemistry, and histopathology were quantified and evaluated. Genes encoding for different physiological muscle activities, such as oxidative stress, fatty acid metabolism, muscle hypertrophy, mitochondrial fusion, and aging were assayed. The results showed a significant reduction in body weight percentage and creatine kinase level without affecting the morphological characteristics of skeletal muscle. Significant changes were noted in genes involved in muscle physiological activity, growth, and aging, as well as genes encoding for the antioxidant system, fatty acid oxidation processes, and mitochondrial fusion. In conclusion, exogenous irisin can induce the same physiological and molecular mechanisms that might be induced by exercise.
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37
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Nichenko AS, Specht KS, Craige SM, Drake JC. Sensing local energetics to acutely regulate mitophagy in skeletal muscle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:987317. [PMID: 36105350 PMCID: PMC9465048 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.987317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The energetic requirements of skeletal muscle to sustain movement, as during exercise, is met largely by mitochondria, which form an intricate, interconnected reticulum. Maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial reticulum is essential for skeletal muscle function, suggesting quality control pathways are spatially governed. Mitophagy, the process by which damaged and/or dysfunctional regions of the mitochondrial reticulum are removed and degraded, has emerged as an integral part of the molecular response to exercise. Upregulation of mitophagy in response to acute exercise is directly connected to energetic sensing mechanisms through AMPK. In this review, we discuss the connection of mitophagy to muscle energetics and how AMPK may spatially control mitophagy through multiple potential means.
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38
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Zhang L, Li M, Wang W, Yu W, Liu H, Wang K, Chang M, Deng C, Ji Y, Shen Y, Qi L, Sun H. Celecoxib alleviates denervation-induced muscle atrophy by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress and improving microcirculation. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 203:115186. [PMID: 35882305 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism underlying denervation-induced muscle atrophy is complex and incompletely understood. Our previous results suggested that inflammation may play an important role in the early stages of muscle atrophy. Celecoxib is reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we explored the effect of celecoxib on denervation-induced muscle atrophy and sought to identify the mechanism involved. We found that celecoxib treatment significantly increased the wet weight ratio and CSA of the tibialisanteriormuscle. Additionally, celecoxib downregulated the levels of COX-2, inflammatory factors and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that after 3 days of celecoxib treatment in vivo, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly associated with the regulation of immune responses related to complement activation; after 14 days, the DEGs were mainly involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation-related responses. Celecoxib administration reduced the levels of ROS and oxidative stress-related proteins. Furthermore, we found that celecoxib treatment inhibited the denervation-induced up-regulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosomal systems related proteins; decreased mitophagy in target muscles; and increased levels of MHC. Finally, celecoxib also attenuated microvascular damage in denervated skeletal muscle. Combined, our findings demonstrated that celecoxib inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress in denervated skeletal muscle, thereby suppressing mitophagy and proteolysis, improving blood flow in target muscles, and, ultimately, alleviating denervation-induced muscle atrophy. Our results confirmed that inflammatory responses play a key role in denervation-induced muscle atrophy and highlight a novel strategy for the prevention and treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Binhai County People's Hospital affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224500, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, P. R. China
| | - Weiran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 55 Ninghai Middle Road, Haian, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226600, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China
| | - Mengyuan Chang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Deng
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China
| | - Yuntian Shen
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China.
| | - Hualin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, P. R. China.
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Marmett B, Dorneles GP, Nunes RB, Peres A, Romão PRT, Rhoden CR. Exposure to fine particulate matter partially counteract adaptations on glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation of endurance exercise in rats. Inhal Toxicol 2022; 34:287-296. [PMID: 35820034 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2022.2098425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term exposure to air pollution triggers metabolic alterations along with oxidative stress and inflammation, while exercise interventions are widely used to improve those parameters. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to determine the effects of subchronic exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and endurance exercise training on glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation of the heart and gastrocnemius muscle of rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-two male Wistar rats were assigned to 4 experimental groups: Untrained; Endurance training (ET); Untrained + PM2.5; Endurance training + PM2.5. Rats exposed to air pollution received 50 µg of PM2.5 via intranasal instillation daily for 12 weeks. Exercised groups underwent endurance training, consisting in running on an electronic treadmill (70% of maximal capacity, 5 days/week, 5 times/week) for 12 weeks. Glucose metabolism markers, redox state, and inflammatory variables were evaluated in the heart and gastrocnemius muscle. RESULTS ET and ET + PM2.5 group had lower body mass gain and higher exercise capacity, and higher glycogen concentration in the heart and gastrocnemius muscle. In the heart, ET and ET + PM2.5 groups had higher levels of GSH, and lower TBARS and TNF-α concentrations. In the gastrocnemius muscle, the ET group showed higher leptin and lower TBARS and IL-1β concentrations, ET and ET + PM2.5 showed higher superoxide dismutase activity and ROS content. CONCLUSION PM2.5 exposure partially blunts metabolic and inflammatory adaptations in heart and gastrocnemius muscle tissues induced by exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Marmett
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gilson Pires Dorneles
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Peres
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro Roosevelt Torres Romão
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Ramos Rhoden
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Broome SC, Pham T, Braakhuis AJ, Narang R, Wang HW, Hickey AJR, Mitchell CJ, Merry TL. MitoQ supplementation augments acute exercise-induced increases in muscle PGC1α mRNA and improves training-induced increases in peak power independent of mitochondrial content and function in untrained middle-aged men. Redox Biol 2022; 53:102341. [PMID: 35623315 PMCID: PMC9142706 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of mitochondrial ROS in signalling muscle adaptations to exercise training has not been explored in detail. We investigated the effect of supplementation with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ on a) the skeletal muscle mitochondrial and antioxidant gene transcriptional response to acute high-intensity exercise and b) skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and function following exercise training. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design study, 23 untrained men (age: 44 ± 7 years, VO2peak: 39.6 ± 7.9 ml/kg/min) were randomised to receive either MitoQ (20 mg/d) or a placebo for 10 days before completing a bout of high-intensity interval exercise (cycle ergometer, 10 × 60 s at VO2peak workload with 75 s rest). Blood samples and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before exercise and immediately and 3 h after exercise. Participants then completed high-intensity interval training (HIIT; 3 sessions per week for 3 weeks) and another blood sample and muscle biopsy were collected. There was no effect of acute exercise or MitoQ on systemic (plasma protein carbonyls and reduced glutathione) or skeletal muscle (mtDNA damage and 4-HNE) oxidative stress biomarkers. Acute exercise-induced increases in skeletal muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1-α) mRNA expression were augmented in the MitoQ group. Despite this, training-induced increases in skeletal muscle mitochondrial content were similar between groups. HIIT-induced increases in VO2peak and 20 km time trial performance were also similar between groups while training-induced increases in peak power achieved during the VO2peak test were augmented in the MitoQ group. These data suggest that training-induced increases in peak power are enhanced following MitoQ supplementation, which may be related to the augmentation of skeletal muscle PGC1α expression following acute exercise. However, these effects do not appear to be related to an effect of MitoQ supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress or training-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Broome
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - T Pham
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Auckland Bioengineering Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A J Braakhuis
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R Narang
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - H W Wang
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A J R Hickey
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C J Mitchell
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - T L Merry
- Discipline of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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