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Yu Q, Wang J, Liang C, Meng J, Xu J, Liu Y, Zhao S, Xi X, Xi C, Yang M, Si C, He Y, Wang D, Jiang C. A Giant Magneto-Superelasticity of 5% Enabled by Introducing Ordered Dislocations in Ni 34Co 8Cu 8Mn 36Ga 14 Single Crystal. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401234. [PMID: 38654685 PMCID: PMC11220696 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Elasticity, featured by a recoverable strain, refers to the ability that materials can return to their original shapes after deformation. Typically, the elastic strains of most metals are well-known 0.2%. In shape memory alloys and high entropy alloys, the elastic strains can be several percent, as called superelasticity, which are all triggered by external stresses. A superelasticity induced by magnetic field, termed as magneto-superelasticity, is extremely important for contactless work of materials and for developing brand-new large stroke actuators and high efficiency energy transducers. In magnetic shape memory alloys, the twin boundary motion driven by magnetic field can output a strain of several percent. However, this strain is unrecoverable when removing the magnetic field and hence it is not magneto-superelasticity. Here, a giant magneto-superelasticity of 5% in a Ni34Co8Cu8Mn36Ga14 single crystal is reported by introducing arrays of ordered dislocations to form preferentially oriented martensitic variants during the magnetically induced reverse martensitic transformation. This work provides an opportunity to achieve high performance in functional materials by defect engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qijia Yu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Jingmin Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Chuanxin Liang
- Center of Microstructure ScienceFrontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049P. R. China
| | - Jiaxi Meng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Jinyue Xu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Shiteng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Xuekui Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Chuanying Xi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme ConditionsHigh Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of ScienceHefeiAnhui230031P. R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- National High Magnetic Field Center and School of PhysicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074P. R. China
| | - Chen Si
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Yangkun He
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center of Microstructure ScienceFrontier Institute of Science and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710049P. R. China
| | - Chengbao Jiang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Advanced Aerospace Materials and Performance (Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing100191P. R. China
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2
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Lanba AR, Hamilton RF, Melanson AN, Perry ES, Gordon RF. Multifunctional metallic nanocomposite for overcoming the strength-ductility trade-off. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1046. [PMID: 38200040 PMCID: PMC10781690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50967-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The actualization of high strength and ductility in alloys, in addition to providing strong, formable materials, can lead to reduced weights in practical applications. However, increasing strength typically comes at the cost of lowering the ductility and vice-versa, referred to as the strength-ductility trade-off. In this work, we investigate the thermo-mechanical response of a 3-element multifunctional NiTi-Nb nanocomposite material that overcomes this trade-off, as it exhibits a high strength of 980 MPa and an ultrahigh ductility of 58% at fracture. The remarkable properties are attributed to the underlying microstructure of Nb nanofibers dispersed in an NiTi matrix. Deformation is accommodated via the shape memory transformation of the active NiTi matrix in concert with elastoplastic deformation of Nb nanofibers embedded within the matrix. Consequently, the material exhibits multifunctionality and recovers deformation during heating via the reversion of the stress-induced martensitic transformation in the NiTi matrix. The high strength and high ductility of this 3-element nanocomposite material puts it amongst the best performing high-entropy alloys (HEAs) that are typically made up of five or more elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asheesh R Lanba
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, 212 Earth-Engineering Sciences Bldg., University Park, PA, 16802-6812, USA.
- Department of Engineering, University of Southern Maine, 37 College Ave., Gorham, ME, 04038, USA.
- Composites Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME, 04103, USA.
| | - Reginald F Hamilton
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, 212 Earth-Engineering Sciences Bldg., University Park, PA, 16802-6812, USA.
| | - Adrien N Melanson
- Department of Engineering, University of Southern Maine, 37 College Ave., Gorham, ME, 04038, USA
- Composites Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), University of Southern Maine, 96 Falmouth Street, Portland, ME, 04103, USA
| | - Emma S Perry
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University of Maine, 23 Flagstaff Road, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
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3
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Li F, Zhang Z, Liu H, Zhu W, Wang T, Park M, Zhang J, Bönninghoff N, Feng X, Zhang H, Luan J, Wang J, Liu X, Chang T, Chu JP, Lu Y, Liu Y, Guan P, Yang Y. Oxidation-induced superelasticity in metallic glass nanotubes. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:52-57. [PMID: 38052935 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01733-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Although metallic nanostructures have been attracting tremendous research interest in nanoscience and nanotechnologies, it is known that environmental attacks, such as surface oxidation, can easily initiate cracking on the surface of metals, thus deteriorating their overall functional/structural properties1-3. In sharp contrast, here we report that severely oxidized metallic glass nanotubes can attain an ultrahigh recoverable elastic strain of up to ~14% at room temperature, which outperform bulk metallic glasses, metallic glass nanowires and many other superelastic metals hitherto reported. Through in situ experiments and atomistic simulations, we reveal that the physical mechanisms underpinning the observed superelasticity can be attributed to the formation of a percolating oxide network in metallic glass nanotubes, which not only restricts atomic-scale plastic events during loading but also leads to the recovery of elastic rigidity on unloading. Our discovery implies that oxidation in low-dimensional metallic glasses can result in unique properties for applications in nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huanrong Liu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqing Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minhyuk Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingyang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Niklas Bönninghoff
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xiaobin Feng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongti Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junhua Luan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tinghao Chang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jinn P Chu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, China.
| | - Pengfei Guan
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of System Engineering, College of Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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4
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Zheng W, Shi Y, Zhao L, Jia S, Li L, Gan CL, Zhang D, Guo Q. Realizing reversible phase transformation of shape memory ceramics constrained in aluminum. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7103. [PMID: 37925460 PMCID: PMC10625574 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42815-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-scale shape memory ceramics exhibit superior shape memory or superelasticity properties, while their integration into a matrix material and the subsequent attainment of their reversible tetragonal-monoclinic phase transformations remains a challenge. Here, cerium-doped zirconia (CZ) reinforced aluminum (Al) matrix composite is fabricated, and both macroscopic and microscopic mechanical tests reveal more than doubled compressive strength and energy absorbance of the composites as compared with pure Al. Full austenitization in the CZ single-crystal clusters is achieved when they are constrained by the Al matrix, and reversible martensitic transformation triggered by thermal or stress stimuli is observed in the composite micro-pillars without causing fracture in the composite. These results are interpreted by the strong geometric confinement offered by the Al matrix, the robust CZ/Al interface and the local three-dimensional particle network/force-chain configuration that effectively transfer mechanical loads, and the decent flowability of the matrix that accommodates the volume change during phase transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangshu Zheng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yan Shi
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Zhejiang Academy of Special Equipment Science, 211 Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuangyue Jia
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Linghai Li
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Chee Lip Gan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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5
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Yang C, Zhang B, Fu L, Wang Z, Teng J, Shao R, Wu Z, Chang X, Ding J, Wang L, Han X. Chemical inhomogeneity-induced profuse nanotwinning and phase transformation in AuCu nanowires. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5705. [PMID: 37709777 PMCID: PMC10502134 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41485-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosized metals usually exhibit ultrahigh strength but suffer from low homogeneous plasticity. The origin of a strength-ductility trade-off has been well studied for pure metals, but not for random solid solution (RSS) alloys. How RSS alloys accommodate plasticity and whether they can achieve synergy between high strength and superplasticity has remained unresolved. Here, we show that face-centered cubic (FCC) RSS AuCu alloy nanowires (NWs) exhibit superplasticity of ~260% and ultrahigh strength of ~6 GPa, overcoming the trade-off between strength and ductility. These excellent properties originate from profuse hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase generation (2H and 4H phases), recurrence of reversible FCC-HCP phase transition, and zigzag-like nanotwin generation, which has rarely been reported before. Such a mechanism stems from the inherent chemical inhomogeneity, which leads to widely distributed and overlapping energy barriers for the concurrent activation of multiple plasticity mechanisms. This naturally implies a similar deformation behavior for other highly concentrated solid-solution alloys with multiple principal elements, such as high/medium-entropy alloys. Our findings shed light on the effect of chemical inhomogeneity on the plastic deformation mechanism of solid-solution alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Yang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Bozhao Zhang
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Libo Fu
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Zhanxin Wang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jiao Teng
- Department of Material Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruiwen Shao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ziqi Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoxue Chang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Intelligent Robots and Systems, School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Ding
- Center for Alloy Innovation and Design, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lihua Wang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Institute of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
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6
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Sadeghi B, Cavaliere PD. Reviewing the Integrated Design Approach for Augmenting Strength and Toughness at Macro- and Micro-Scale in High-Performance Advanced Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5745. [PMID: 37687438 PMCID: PMC10488890 DOI: 10.3390/ma16175745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In response to the growing demand for high-strength and high-toughness materials in industries such as aerospace and automotive, there is a need for metal matrix composites (MMCs) that can simultaneously increase strength and toughness. The mechanical properties of MMCs depend not only on the content of reinforcing elements, but also on the architecture of the composite (shape, size, and spatial distribution). This paper focuses on the design configurations of MMCs, which include both the configurations resulting from the reinforcements and the inherent heterogeneity of the matrix itself. Such high-performance MMCs exhibit excellent mechanical properties, such as high strength, plasticity, and fracture toughness. These properties, which are not present in conventional homogeneous materials, are mainly due to the synergistic effects resulting from the interactions between the internal components, including stress-strain gradients, geometrically necessary dislocations, and unique interfacial behavior. Among them, aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) are of particular importance due to their potential for weight reduction and performance enhancement in aerospace, electronics, and electric vehicles. However, the challenge lies in the inverse relationship between strength and toughness, which hinders the widespread use and large-scale development of MMCs. Composite material design plays a critical role in simultaneously improving strength and toughness. This review examines the advantages of toughness, toughness mechanisms, toughness distribution properties, and structural parameters in the development of composite structures. The development of synthetic composites with homogeneous structural designs inspired by biological composites such as bone offers insights into achieving exceptional strength and toughness in lightweight structures. In addition, understanding fracture behavior and toughness mechanisms in heterogeneous nanostructures is critical to advancing the field of metal matrix composites. The future development direction of architectural composites and the design of the reinforcement and toughness of metal matrix composites based on energy dissipation theory are also proposed. In conclusion, the design of composite architectures holds enormous potential for the development of composites with excellent strength and toughness to meet the requirements of lightweight structures in various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Sadeghi
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Salento, Via Per Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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7
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Jiang W, Lu H, Chen J, Luo L, Liu X, Wang H, Song X. Toughening Ceramic-Based Composites by Homogenizing the Lattice Strain at Phase Boundaries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19604-19615. [PMID: 37022998 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic-based composites generally have low fracture toughness, and toughening these materials without sacrificing their hardness has been a big challenge. This study presents an approach for toughening ceramic-based composites by modulating the strain partition and stress distribution in phase-boundary regions. A new concept of homogenizing the lattice strain to achieve high fracture toughness in ceramic-based composites is proposed based on the collective lattice shear of martensitic phase transformation. The strategy was demonstrated by ZrO2-containing WC-Co ceramic-metal composites as a prototype. The crystal planes along the WC/ZrO2 martensitic transforming phase boundaries exhibited significantly larger and uniform lattice strains compared with conventional dislocation pile-up phase boundaries with highly localized lattice strains. The homogeneous strain and stress distributions across interfaces enabled the composite to have simultaneously high fracture toughness and hardness. The "homogenizing the lattice strain" strategy proposed in this work is applicable to a broad range of ceramic-based composites to achieve superior comprehensive mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jiang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P.R. China
| | - Hao Lu
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P.R. China
| | - Jinghong Chen
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P.R. China
| | - Lei Luo
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P.R. China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P.R. China
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8
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Li Z, Wang Y, Ma M, Ma H, Hu W, Zhang X, Zhuge Z, Zhang S, Luo K, Gao Y, Sun L, Soldatov AV, Wu Y, Liu B, Li B, Ying P, Zhang Y, Xu B, He J, Yu D, Liu Z, Zhao Z, Yue Y, Tian Y, Li X. Ultrastrong conductive in situ composite composed of nanodiamond incoherently embedded in disordered multilayer graphene. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:42-49. [PMID: 36522415 PMCID: PMC9812777 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Traditional ceramics or metals cannot simultaneously achieve ultrahigh strength and high electrical conductivity. The elemental carbon can form a variety of allotropes with entirely different physical properties, providing versatility for tuning mechanical and electrical properties in a wide range. Here, by precisely controlling the extent of transformation of amorphous carbon into diamond within a narrow temperature-pressure range, we synthesize an in situ composite consisting of ultrafine nanodiamond homogeneously dispersed in disordered multilayer graphene with incoherent interfaces, which demonstrates a Knoop hardness of up to ~53 GPa, a compressive strength of up to ~54 GPa and an electrical conductivity of 670-1,240 S m-1 at room temperature. With atomically resolving interface structures and molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal that amorphous carbon transforms into diamond through a nucleation process via a local rearrangement of carbon atoms and diffusion-driven growth, different from the transformation of graphite into diamond. The complex bonding between the diamond-like and graphite-like components greatly improves the mechanical properties of the composite. This superhard, ultrastrong, conductive elemental carbon composite has comprehensive properties that are superior to those of the known conductive ceramics and C/C composites. The intermediate hybridization state at the interfaces also provides insights into the amorphous-to-crystalline phase transition of carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Li
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengdong Ma
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Huachun Ma
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zewen Zhuge
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Kun Luo
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yufei Gao
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Alexander V Soldatov
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yingju Wu
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Baozhong Li
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Pan Ying
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
- Key Laboratory of Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Julong He
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Dongli Yu
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Zhisheng Zhao
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China.
| | - Yuanzheng Yue
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Yongjun Tian
- Center for High Pressure Science (CHiPS), State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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9
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Non-Hookean large elastic deformation in bulk crystalline metals. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5307. [PMID: 36167802 PMCID: PMC9515142 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystalline metals can have large theoretical elastic strain limits. However, a macroscopic block of conventional crystalline metals practically suffers a very limited elastic deformation of <0.5% with a linear stress–strain relationship obeying Hooke’s law. Here, we report on the experimental observation of a large tensile elastic deformation with an elastic strain of >4.3% in a Cu-based single crystalline alloy at its bulk scale at room temperature. The large macroscopic elastic strain that originates from the reversible lattice strain of a single phase is demonstrated by in situ microstructure and neutron diffraction observations. Furthermore, the elastic reversible deformation, which is nonhysteretic and quasilinear, is associated with a pronounced elastic softening phenomenon. The increase in the stress gives rise to a reduced Young’s modulus, unlike the traditional Hooke’s law behaviour. The experimental discovery of a non-Hookean large elastic deformation offers the potential for the development of bulk crystalline metals as high-performance mechanical springs or for new applications via “elastic strain engineering.” Engineering metals often suffer from a small elastic deformation with a linear stress-strain relationship obeying Hooke’s law. Here the authors observe a large nonlinear tensile elastic deformation with a strain of >4.3% in a bulk Cu alloy that offers potential for elastic strain engineering.
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Miao Y, Zhao Y, Zhang S, Shi R, Zhang T. Strain Engineering: A Boosting Strategy for Photocatalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200868. [PMID: 35304927 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Whilst the photocatalytic technique is considered to be one of the most significant routes to address the energy crisis and global environmental challenges, the solar-to-chemical conversion efficiency is still far from satisfying practical industrial requirements, which can be traced to the suboptimal bandgap and electronic structure of photocatalysts. Strain engineering is a universal scheme that can finely tailor the bandgap and electronic structure of materials, hence supplying a novel avenue to boost their photocatalytic performance. Accordingly, to explore promising directions for certain breakthroughs in strained photocatalysts, an overview on the recent advances of strain engineering from the basics of strain effect, creations of strained materials, as well as characterizations and simulations of strain level is provided. Besides, the potential applications of strain engineering in photocatalysis are summarized, and a vision for the future controllable-electronic-structure photocatalysts by strain engineering is also given. Finally, perspectives on the challenges for future strain-promoted photocatalysis are discussed, placing emphasis on the creation and decoupling of strain effect, and the modification of theoretical frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxuan Miao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yunxuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Run Shi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Tierui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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11
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Li H, Wang P, Wen C. Recent Progress on Nanocrystalline Metallic Materials for Biomedical Applications. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122111. [PMID: 35745450 PMCID: PMC9231076 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Nanocrystalline (NC) metallic materials have better mechanical properties, corrosion behavior and biocompatibility compared with their coarse-grained (CG) counterparts. Recently, nanocrystalline metallic materials are receiving increasing attention for biomedical applications. In this review, we have summarized the mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, biocompatibility, and clinical applications of different types of NC metallic materials. Nanocrystalline materials, such as Ti and Ti alloys, shape memory alloys (SMAs), stainless steels (SS), and biodegradable Fe and Mg alloys prepared by high-pressure torsion, equiangular extrusion techniques, etc., have better mechanical properties, superior corrosion resistance and biocompatibility properties due to their special nanostructures. Moreover, future research directions of NC metallic materials are elaborated. This review can provide guidance and reference for future research on nanocrystalline metallic materials for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Pengyu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Cuie Wen
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia;
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Abstract
In this work, the selective laser melting (SLM) 60NiTi alloy was successfully fabricated. Through designing an orthogonal experiment of parameters optimization including laser power (P) and scanning speed (v), the optimal parameters window with both high forming quality and appropriate composition proportion was established. The SLM 60NiTi can exhibit high relative density (>98%) and low Ni loss (<0.2 at.%) at the parameter window of P = 80–90 W, v = 300–350 mm/s, and energy density of 145–155 J/mm3. The optimally-selected SLM 60NiTi exhibits a high compression strength of 2.2 GPa and large reversible strain of 7% due to the reversible stress-induced martensitic transformation of the NiTi phase and the large elastic strain of the Ni4Ti3 phase. It also exhibits superior wear resistance to conventional casting solution treated 60NiTi because the NiTi phase formed in an SLM repeated thermal cycle possesses a lower solution Ni atom and thus lower critical stress for martensitic transformation, and is more prone to undergo martensitic transformation upon friction and wear.
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Kim MA, Sorescu DC, Amemiya S, Jordan KD, Liu H. Real-Time Modulation of Hydrogen Evolution Activity of Graphene Electrodes Using Mechanical Strain. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10691-10700. [PMID: 35170299 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the effect of mechanically applied elastic strain on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of graphene under acidic conditions. An applied tensile strain of 0.2% on a graphene electrode is shown to lead to a 1-3% increase in the HER current. The tensile strain increases HER activity, whereas compressive strain decreases it. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations using a periodic graphene slab model predict an increase in the adsorption energy of the H atom with growing tensile strain, consistent with an enhancement of the current density in HER, similar to that observed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min A Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Dan C Sorescu
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15236, United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Shigeru Amemiya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Kenneth D Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Haitao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Effect of Mo Alloying on the Precipitation Behavior of B2 Nano-Particles in Fe-Mn-Al-Ni Shape Memory Alloys. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In Fe-Mn-Al-Ni shape memory alloys, the stabilization of superelasticity would be affected by the undesired precipitation of B2 nano-particles during natural aging. In order to solve this problem, the effect of Mo alloying on the precipitation behavior of B2 nano-particles during the cooling and natural aging processes was performed by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and Vickers microhardness test in two Fe-Mn-Al-Ni-Mo shape memory alloys. The results showed that the formation of γ phase was completely suppressed after 15 °C and 80 °C water quenching as well as air cooling. However, B2 nano-particles were still precipitated after the three cooling processes, and their sizes and misfits increased with decreasing the cooling rates. In addition, the Vickers hardness increased after natural aging for 338 days, which indicated that it is not viable to inhibit the precipitation of B2 nano-particles during natural aging by Mo alloying in the Fe-Mn-Al-Ni shape memory alloys.
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He S, Jiang B, Wang C, Chen C, Duan H, Jin S, Ye H, Lu L, Du K. High Reversible Strain in Nanotwinned Metals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:46088-46096. [PMID: 34541843 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Development of bulk metals exhibiting large reversible strain is of great interest, owing to their potential applications in flexible electronic devices. Bulk metals with nanometer-scale twins have demonstrated high strength, good ductility, and promising electrical conductivity. Here, ultrahigh reversible strain as high as ∼7.8% was observed in bent twin lamellae with 1-2 nm thickness in nanotwinned metals, where the maximum reversible strain increases with the reduction in twin lamella thickness. This high reversible strain is attributed to the suppression of dislocation nucleation, including both hard mode dislocations in the bent twin lamellae, while soft mode dislocations along twin boundaries have insignificant contribution. In situ transmission electron microscopy experiments show that higher recoverability was achieved in twinned Au nanorods compared with twin-free ones with similar aspect ratios and diameters during bending deformation, which demonstrates that the introduction of thin twin lamellae also significantly improves the shape recoverability of Au nanorods. This result introduces a novel pathway for developing bulk metals with the capability for large reversible strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun He
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Jiang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjin Chen
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Huichao Duan
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Jin
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengqiang Ye
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528251, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Du
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China
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Guo S, Wu T, Kwak M, Lu W, Ma W, Liu Q, Liu H, Meng Q, Liu G, Cheng X, Zhao X. Achieving a combination of decent biocompatibility and large near-linear-elastic deformation behavior in shell-core-like structural TiNb/NiTi composite. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 123:104789. [PMID: 34450418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As expected from the material design, a novel shell-core-like structural TiNb/NiTi composite possessing both decent biocompatibility and large near-linear-elastic deformation behavior (namely as near-linear elasticity accompanied by high elastic strain limit) was prepared successfully by a hot pack-rolling combined with cold rolling procedure. Non-cytotoxic TiNb outer shell obstructs the NiTi inner core from cells and provides the decent biocompatibility of TiNb/NiTi composite. Large near-linear-elastic deformation behavior for this TiNb/NiTi composite has been confirmed to be associated with intrinsic elastic deformation, two types of reversible stress-induced martensitic transformations (i.e. β↔α'' and B2↔B19' transformations) occurring in a homogeneous manner, together with the (001) compound twin in B19' martensitic plates. Our study provides a new design approach for developing NiTi-based composites with both decent biocompatibility and large near-linear-elastic deformation behavior for biomedical or engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tinghui Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Minkyung Kwak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Weiqun Lu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Wen Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Youke Publishing Co., Ltd., Grinm Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Youke Publishing Co., Ltd., Grinm Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100088, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Qingkun Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Guanglei Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xiaonong Cheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xinqing Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Grain Size Effect of the γ Phase Precipitation on Martensitic Transformation and Mechanical Properties of Ni-Mn-Sn-Fe Heusler Alloys. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14092339. [PMID: 33946375 PMCID: PMC8125746 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Isothermal annealing of a eutectic dual phase Ni-Mn-Sn-Fe alloy was carried out to encourage grain growth and investigate the effects of grain size of the γ phase on the martensitic transformation behaviour and mechanical properties of the alloy. It is found that with the increase of the annealing time, the grain size and volume fraction of the γ phase both increased with the annealing time predominantly by the inter-diffusion of Fe and Sn elements between the γ phase and the Heusler matrix. The isothermal anneals resulted in the decrease of the e/a ratio and suppression of the martensitic transformation of the matrix phase. The fine γ phase microstructure with an average grain size of 0.31 μm showed higher fracture strength and ductility values by 28% and 77% compared to the coarse-grained counterpart with an average grain size of 3.31 μm. The fine dual phase microstructure shows a quasi-linear superelasticity of 4.2% and very small stress hysteresis during cyclic loading, while the coarse dual phase counterpart presents degraded superelasticity of 2.6% and large stress hysteresis. These findings indicate that grain size refinement of the γ phase is an effective approach in improving the mechanical and transformation properties of dual phase Heusler alloys.
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Vorotilo S, Patsera E, Shvindina N, Rupasov S, Levashov E. Effect of In Situ Grown SiC Nanowires on the Pressureless Sintering of Heterophase Ceramics TaSi 2-TaC-SiC. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:ma13153394. [PMID: 32751932 PMCID: PMC7436015 DOI: 10.3390/ma13153394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To ascertain the influence of SiC nanowires on sintering kinetics of heterophase ceramics, two composite powders (TaSi2-TaC-SiC and TaSi2-TaC-SiC-SiCnanowire) are fabricated by mechanically activated combustion synthesis of Ta-Si-C and Ta-Si-C-(C2F4) reactive mixtures. Remarkable compressibility is achieved for the TaSi2-TaC-SiC-SiCnanowire composition (green density up to 84% as compared with 45.2% achieved for TaSi2-SiC-TaC) which is attributed to the lubricating effect of residual adsorbed fluorinated carbon (most likely C4F8). The outcomes of pressureless sintering of TaSi2-TaC-SiC and TaSi2-TaC-SiC-SiCnanowire compositions are vastly different; the former experiences no significant densification or grain growth and does not attain structural integrity, whereas the latter achieves relative density up to 93% and hardness up to 11 GPa. The SiC nanowires are not retained in consolidated ceramics, but instead, act as a sintering aid and promote densification and grain growth. Sintering mechanisms of TaSi2-TaC-SiC and TaSi2-TaC-SiC-SiCnanowire powders are analyzed using thermodynamic and ab initio grand potential calculations, as well as the analysis of grain size versus relative density relations. In the case of solid-state sintering, the densification and grain growth in heterophase non-oxide ceramics are governed by the same mechanisms as previously investigated single-phase oxides. The presence of SiC nanowires enhances grain-boundary related diffusion processes due to the high specific surface and aspect ratio of the nanowires. At 1500 °C, where the formation of the transient Si-based liquid phase is thermodynamically viable, only the SiC nanowire-containing composition demonstrated the intense grain coarsening and densification associated with liquid-assisted sintering. This effect can be attributed both to the presence of SiC nanowires and purification of residual oxide impurities due to C2F4-activated combustion synthesis employed for the in situ formation of SiC nanowires.
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Wei B, Deng Q, Ji Y, Wang Z, Han X. Tunable Mechanical Property and Structural Transition of Silicon Nitride Nanowires Induced by Focused Ion Beam Irradiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:32175-32181. [PMID: 32551486 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring mechanical properties of the nanowire (NW) with intricate composite structure helps to design nanodevices with novel functionalities. Here, we performed in situ tensile deformation electron microscopy for the evaluation of the mechanical properties of the focused ion beam (FIB) irradiated silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanowires (NWs). Young's modulus of the FIB-fabricated NWs was mediated between the range of 522 and 65 GPa by modifying the shell thickness of the core-shell structure. The ion-beam-induced amorphization is found to induce the structural transition from an utter crystalline state to a composite NW with an amorphous shell, which results in a brittle-to-ductile transition and an unexpected plastic deformation. These results have practical implications for optimizing nanostructures with the desired mechanical properties, which are of fundamental relevance in designing and fabricating nanomechanical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wei
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Qingsong Deng
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhongchang Wang
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Avenida Mestre José Veiga, Braga 4715-330, Portugal
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Design and fabrication of a Nb/NiTi superelastic composite with high critical stress for inducing martensitic transformation and large recoverable strain for biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 112:110894. [PMID: 32409049 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel Nb/NiTi superelastic composite with a shell-core structure was designed and fabricated to achieve a combination of biocompatibility and superelasticity (large recoverable strain ε accompanied by high critical stress for inducing martensitic transformation σSIM). The good biocompatibility is mainly attributed to the outer non-cytotoxic Nb shell that prevents inner NiTi core from direct contact with cells. Meanwhile, the inner NiTi core endows the composite with superelasticity through a fully reversible stress-induced martensitic transformation between B2 parent phase and B19' martensite. These results might shed some light on design and development of novel superelastic composites for biomedical applications.
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Cui L, Hao S, Jiang D, Yu K, Mao S, Ren Y, Yang H. "Lattice Strain Matching"-Enabled Nanocomposite Design to Harness the Exceptional Mechanical Properties of Nanomaterials in Bulk Forms. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1904387. [PMID: 31538374 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized materials are known to have the ability to withstand ultralarge elastic strains (4-10%) and to have ultrahigh strengths approaching their theoretical limits. However, it is a long-standing challenge to harnessing their exceptional intrinsic mechanical properties in bulk forms. This is commonly known as "the valley of death" in nanocomposite design. In 2013, a breakthrough was made to overcome this challenge by using a martensitic phase transforming matrix to create a composite in which ultralarge elastic lattice strains up to 6.7% are achieved in Nb nanoribbons embedded in it. This breakthrough was enabled by a novel concept of phase transformation assisted lattice strain matching between the uniform ultralarge elastic strains (4-10%) of nanomaterials and the uniform crystallographic lattice distortion strains (4-10%) of the martensitic phase transformation of the matrix. This novel concept has opened new opportunities for developing materials of exceptional mechanical properties or enhanced functional properties that are not possible before. The work in progress in this research over the past six years is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yinong Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Lishan Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Shijie Hao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Daqiang Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Kaiyuan Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Changping, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Shengcheng Mao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Hou H, Simsek E, Ma T, Johnson NS, Qian S, Cissé C, Stasak D, Al Hasan N, Zhou L, Hwang Y, Radermacher R, Levitas VI, Kramer MJ, Zaeem MA, Stebner AP, Ott RT, Cui J, Takeuchi I. Fatigue-resistant high-performance elastocaloric materials made by additive manufacturing. Science 2019; 366:1116-1121. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aax7616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huilong Hou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Emrah Simsek
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Tao Ma
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Nathan S. Johnson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Suxin Qian
- Department of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheikh Cissé
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Drew Stasak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Naila Al Hasan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Lin Zhou
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Yunho Hwang
- Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Reinhard Radermacher
- Center for Environmental Energy Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Valery I. Levitas
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Matthew J. Kramer
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Mohsen Asle Zaeem
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Aaron P. Stebner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Ryan T. Ott
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Jun Cui
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Maryland Quantum Materials Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Zhang X, Li X, Li R, Lu Y, Song S, Wang Y. Highly Active Core-Shell Carbon/NiCo 2 O 4 Double Microtubes for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Ultralow Overpotential and Superior Cycling Stability. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1903297. [PMID: 31448556 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Developing highly efficient electrocatalysts with earth abundant elements for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a promising way to store light or electrical energy in the form of chemical energy. Here, a new type of electrocatalyst with core-shell carbon/NiCo2 O4 double microtubes architecture is successfully synthesized through a hydrothermal method combined with the calcination process with wet tissues as the template and carbon resource. The outer NiCo2 O4 nanosheet arrays contain abundant defects, which come from reduction of the carbon in wet tissues. This indicates that carbon is a very excellent defect inducer. The inner carbon microtubes can act as the robust structure skeleton and these core-shell double microtubes provide abundant diffusion channels for oxygen and electrolyte, both of which contribute to improving the stability by avoiding damage to the electrode from produced O2 bubbles and the collapse of the outer NiCo2 O4 microtubes. Electrochemical results show that the electrode, core-shell carbon/NiCo2 O4 double microtubes loaded on carbon cloth, exhibits prominent electrocatalytic activity with an overpotential of only 168 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope as low as 57.6 mV dec-1 in 1.0 mol L-1 KOH. This new type of electrocatalyst possesses great potential in water electrolyzers and rechargeable metal-air batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaocui Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ruchun Li
- The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shuqin Song
- The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yi Wang
- The Key Lab of Low-carbon Chemistry & Energy Conservation of Guangdong Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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24
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Wang L, Feng C, Li Y, Meng F, Wang S, Yao M, Xu X, Yang F, Li B, Yu G. Switchable Magnetic Anisotropy of Ferromagnets by Dual-Ion-Manipulated Orbital Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32475-32480. [PMID: 31365225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring magnetic anisotropy of ferromagnetic films is a critical issue in constructing energy-efficient and high-density magnetic memory devices. Presently, the effective tunability was focused on a single-ion-manipulated electronic structure evolution. Here, we reported a new strategy of dual-ion-tuned orbital structure and magnetic anisotropy of ferromagnetic films. N-doped Fe/MgO bilayer films were deposited on shape memory alloy substrates which can generate a significant lattice strain on the films. Before the N ions participate into the manipulation, the Fe/MgO film shows an in-plane magnetic anisotropy, which may be due to excessive Fe-O orbital hybridization. Interestingly, the N and O ions synergistically manipulate electronic coordination of the Fe layer, which can be further modified by the lattice strain through a charge transfer among N-Fe-O. Under such effect, the magnetic anisotropy of the film is switchable from in-plane to perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). The X-ray line dichroism (XLD) characterization reveals that the anisotropy regulation is related to Fe 3d orbital evolution: N-Fe orbital hybridization promotes the Fe dz2 orbital occupation effectively, which is beneficial in increasing PMA by strengthening Fe-O orbital hybridization along the out-of-plane direction. However, the compressive strain induces a N-Fe-O charge transfer and reduces the Fe dz2 electronic occupation, which weakens the PMA of films. These findings provide a new dimensionality for regulating orbital performance of ferromagnetic materials and developing strain-assisted memory devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing , China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Beijing 102249 , China
| | - Baohe Li
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences , Beijing Technology and Business University , Beijing 100048 , China
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25
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Xie C, Li H, Yuan B, Gao Y, Luo Z, Zhu M. Ti 3Sn-NiTi Syntactic Foams with Extremely High Specific Strength and Damping Capacity Fabricated by Pressure Melt Infiltration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:28043-28051. [PMID: 31310102 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
NiTi shape-memory alloy foams have attracted much attention due to their unique superelasticity, excellent mechanical properties, and damping capacities, but their high-temperature damping capacity and compressive strength remain to be a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate the preparation of Ti3Sn-NiTi syntactic foams using Ti58Ni34Sn8 alloy and alumina microspheres by novel pressure melt infiltration and air-cooling strategies. The syntactic foams with 45% porosity contain spherical and well-distributed pores of average size 500-600 μm. A fine lamellar Ti3Sn/NiTi eutectic with an interspacing distance of 600-900 nm and a Ti2Ni interfacial layer of 10 μm thickness were formed between the alumina microspheres and the matrix. The syntactic foams achieved a high specific compressive strength (110.2-110.8 MPa cm3/g) at a wide temperature range because of the large interfacial area and good lattice strain matching in the lamellar Ti3Sn/NiTi. They also exhibited 2% recoverable strain and high specific energy absorption capacity (31.5 kJ/kg). Moreover, the foams showed ultrahigh damping capacity (0.066) at a temperature range of -150 to 200 °C. Most interestingly, the Ti3Sn-NiTi syntactic foams showed the highest comprehensive coefficient, (σ/ρ)·tan δ, of 5.07 to date. Because of these impressive features, Ti3Sn-NiTi syntactic foams become a promising material for energy absorption and damping applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Bin Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 51640 , China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 51640 , China
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Min Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province , Guangzhou 51640 , China
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26
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Zhang J, Hao S, Jiang D, Huan Y, Cui L, Liu Y, Ren Y, Yang H. Dual Phase Synergy Enabled Large Elastic Strains of Nanoinclusions in a Dislocation Slip Matrix Composite. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:2976-2983. [PMID: 29714487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Freestanding nanomaterials (such as nanowires, nanoribbons, and nanotubes) are known to exhibit ultralarge elastic strains and ultrahigh strengths. However, harnessing their superior intrinsic mechanical properties in bulk composites has proven to be difficult. A recent breakthrough has overcome this difficulty by using a martensitic phase transforming matrix in which ultralarge elastic strains approaching the theoretical limit is achieved in Nb nanowires embedded in the matrix. This discovery, breaking a long-standing challenge, still limits our ability of harnessing the exceptional properties of nanomaterials and developing ultrahigh strength bulk materials to a narrow selection of phase transforming alloy matrices. In this study, we investigated the possibility to harness the intrinsic mechanical properties of nanoinclusions in conventional dislocation slip matrix based on a principle of synergy between the inclusion and the matrix. The small spacing between the densely populated hard and dislocation-impenetrable nanoinclusions departmentalize the plastic matrix into small domains to effectively impede dislocation motion within the matrix, inducing significant strengthening and large local elastic strains of the matrix, which in turn induced large elastic strains in the nanoinclusions. This dual phase synergy is verified in a Ti3Sn inclusions/B2-NiTi(Fe) plastic matrix model materials system. The maximum elastic strain of Ti3Sn inclusion obtained in the dislocation slip matrix is comparable to that achieved in a phase transforming matrix. This finding opens new opportunities for the development of high-strength nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering , The University of Western Australia , Perth , Western Australia 6009 , Australia
| | - Shijie Hao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Changping, Beijing 102249 , China
| | - Daqiang Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Changping, Beijing 102249 , China
| | - Yong Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics (LNM), Institute of Mechanics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Lishan Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Changping, Beijing 102249 , China
| | - Yinong Liu
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering , The University of Western Australia , Perth , Western Australia 6009 , Australia
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering , The University of Western Australia , Perth , Western Australia 6009 , Australia
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Wang Y, Sun X, Chen Z, Cai Z, Zhou H, Lu TM, Shi J. Defect-engineered epitaxial VO 2±δ in strain engineering of heterogeneous soft crystals. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaar3679. [PMID: 29806024 PMCID: PMC5969812 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aar3679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The success of strain engineering has made a step further for the enhancement of material properties and the introduction of new physics, especially with the discovery of the critical roles of strain in the heterogeneous interface between two dissimilar materials (for example, FeSe/SrTiO3). On the other hand, the strain manipulation has been limited to chemical epitaxy and nanocomposites that, to a large extent, limit the possible material systems that can be explored. By defect engineering, we obtained, for the first time, dense three-dimensional strongly correlated VO2±δ epitaxial nanoforest arrays that can be used as a novel "substrate" for dynamic strain engineering, due to its metal-insulator transition. The highly dense nanoforest is promising for the possible realization of bulk strain similar to the effect of nanocomposites. By growing single-crystalline halide perovskite CsPbBr3, a mechanically soft and emerging semiconducting material, onto the VO2±δ, a heterogeneous interface is created that can entail a ~1% strain transfer upon the metal-insulator transition of VO2±δ. This strain is large enough to trigger a structural phase transition featured by PbX6 octahedral tilting along with a modification of the photoluminescence energy landscape in halide perovskite. Our findings suggest a promising strategy of dynamic strain engineering in a heterogeneous interface carrying soft and strain-sensitive semiconductors that can happen at a larger volumetric value surpassing the conventional critical thickness limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Zhizhong Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Zhonghou Cai
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Toh-Ming Lu
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
- Corresponding author.
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28
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Hu M, He J, Zhao Z, Strobel TA, Hu W, Yu D, Sun H, Liu L, Li Z, Ma M, Kono Y, Shu J, Mao HK, Fei Y, Shen G, Wang Y, Juhl SJ, Huang JY, Liu Z, Xu B, Tian Y. Compressed glassy carbon: An ultrastrong and elastic interpenetrating graphene network. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1603213. [PMID: 28630918 PMCID: PMC5466369 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbon's unique ability to have both sp2 and sp3 bonding states gives rise to a range of physical attributes, including excellent mechanical and electrical properties. We show that a series of lightweight, ultrastrong, hard, elastic, and conductive carbons are recovered after compressing sp2-hybridized glassy carbon at various temperatures. Compression induces the local buckling of graphene sheets through sp3 nodes to form interpenetrating graphene networks with long-range disorder and short-range order on the nanometer scale. The compressed glassy carbons have extraordinary specific compressive strengths-more than two times that of commonly used ceramics-and simultaneously exhibit robust elastic recovery in response to local deformations. This type of carbon is an optimal ultralight, ultrastrong material for a wide range of multifunctional applications, and the synthesis methodology demonstrates potential to access entirely new metastable materials with exceptional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Julong He
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zhisheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - Timothy A. Strobel
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Dongli Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Hao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Lingyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zihe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Mengdong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yoshio Kono
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Jinfu Shu
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ho-kwang Mao
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingwei Fei
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - Guoyin Shen
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Stephen J. Juhl
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jian Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yongjun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
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29
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Li B, Bian K, Zhou X, Lu P, Liu S, Brener I, Sinclair M, Luk T, Schunk H, Alarid L, Clem PG, Wang Z, Fan H. Pressure compression of CdSe nanoparticles into luminescent nanowires. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1602916. [PMID: 28508074 PMCID: PMC5419700 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Oriented attachment (OA) of synthetic nanocrystals is emerging as an effective means of fabricating low-dimensional nanoscale materials. However, OA relies on energetically favorable nanocrystal facets to grow nanostructured materials. Consequently, nanostructures synthesized through OA are generally limited to a specific crystal facet in their final morphology. We report our discovery that high-pressure compression can induce consolidation of spherical CdSe nanocrystal arrays, leading to unexpected one-dimensional semiconductor nanowires that do not exhibit the typical crystal facet. In particular, in situ high-pressure synchrotron x-ray scattering, optical spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy characterizations indicate that by manipulating the coupling between nanocrystals through external pressure, a reversible change in nanocrystal assemblies and properties can be achieved at modest pressure. When pressure is increased above a threshold, these nanocrystals begin to contact one another and consolidate, irreversibly forming one-dimensional luminescent nanowires. High-fidelity molecular dynamics (MD) methods were used to calculate surface energies and simulate compression and coalescence mechanisms of CdSe nanocrystals. The MD results provide new insight into nanowire assembly dynamics and phase stability of nanocrystalline structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binsong Li
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Kaifu Bian
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Xiaowang Zhou
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Ping Lu
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Sheng Liu
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Igal Brener
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | | | - Ting Luk
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Hattie Schunk
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Leanne Alarid
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Paul G. Clem
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Zhongwu Wang
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Hongyou Fan
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Micro-Engineered Materials, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
- Corresponding author.
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30
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Chen M, Hu N, Zhou C, Lin X, Xie H, He Q. The hierarchical structure and mechanical performance of a natural nanocomposite material: The turtle shell. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Origin of high strength, low modulus superelasticity in nanowire-shape memory alloy composites. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46360. [PMID: 28402321 PMCID: PMC5389356 DOI: 10.1038/srep46360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
An open question is the underlying mechanisms for a recent discovered nanocomposite, which composed of shape memory alloy (SMA) matrix with embedded metallic nanowires (NWs), demonstrating novel mechanical properties, such as large quasi-linear elastic strain, low Young’s modulus and high yield strength. We use finite element simulations to investigate the interplay between the superelasticity of SMA matrix and the elastic-plastic deformation of embedded NWs. Our results show that stress transfer plays a dominated role in determining the quasi-linear behavior of the nanocomposite. The corresponding microstructure evolution indicate that the transfer is due to the coupling between plastic deformation within the NWs and martensitic transformation in the matrix, i.e., the martensitic transformation of the SMA matrix promotes local plastic deformation nearby, and the high plastic strain region of NWs retains considerable martensite in the surrounding SMA matrix, thus facilitating continues martensitic transformation in subsequent loading. Based on these findings, we propose a general criterion for achieving quasi-linear elasticity.
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32
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Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole) nanofiber layered composite films with high thermomechanical performance. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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33
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Wang Y, Seewald L, Sun YY, Keblinski P, Sun X, Zhang S, Lu TM, Johnson JM, Hwang J, Shi J. Nonlinear Electron-Lattice Interactions in a Wurtzite Semiconductor Enabled via Strongly Correlated Oxide. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8975-8982. [PMID: 27572096 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
With VO2 , a classic strongly correlated oxide material, a model semiconductor CdS is stretched and its electron-lattice interaction in a nonlinear manner is modulated. Optical spectroscopy is applied to probe the electronic band structure-associated parameters which is explained by the theoretical prediction based on k·p method and microscopy study. The research provides a new avenue on dynamic straining engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Lucas Seewald
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Yi-Yang Sun
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Pawel Keblinski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Shengbai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Toh-Ming Lu
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Jared M Johnson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Jinwoo Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
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34
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Xiong DB, Cao M, Guo Q, Tan Z, Fan G, Li Z, Zhang D. High content reduced graphene oxide reinforced copper with a bioinspired nano-laminated structure and large recoverable deformation ability. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33801. [PMID: 27647264 PMCID: PMC5029288 DOI: 10.1038/srep33801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
By using CuO/graphene-oxide/CuO sandwich-like nanosheets as the building blocks, bulk nacre-inspired copper matrix nano-laminated composite reinforced by molecular-level dispersed and ordered reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with content as high as ∼45 vol% was fabricated via a combined process of assembly, reduction and consolidation. Thanks to nanoconfinement effect, reinforcing effect, as well as architecture effect, the nanocomposite shows increased specific strength and at least one order of magnitude greater recoverable deformation ability as compared with monolithic Cu matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Bang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhanqiu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Genlian Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
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35
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Yue Y, Zhang Q, Yang Z, Gong Q, Guo L. Study of the Mechanical Behavior of Radially Grown Fivefold Twinned Nanowires on the Atomic Scale. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:3503-3509. [PMID: 27231215 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In situ bending tests and dynamic modeling simulations are for the first time revealing the mechanical behavior of copper nanowires (NW) with radially grown fivefold twin structures on the atomic scale. Combining the simulations with the experimental results it is shown that both the twin boundaries (TBs) and the twin center act as dislocation sources. TB migration and L-locks are readily observed in these types of radially grown fivefold-twin structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghai Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Institute of Solid Mechanics, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Qihua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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36
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Hao S, Liu Y, Ren Y, Jiang D, Yang F, Cong D, Wang Y, Cui L. Achieving Superior Two-Way Actuation by the Stress-Coupling of Nanoribbons and Nanocrystalline Shape Memory Alloy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:16310-16316. [PMID: 27276656 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the driving principle of traditional bias-type two-way actuators, we developed a novel two-way actuation nanocomposite wire in which a massive number of Nb nanoribbons with ultralarge elastic strains are loaded inside a shape memory alloy (SMA) matrix to form a continuous array of nanobias actuation pairs for two-way actuation. The composite exhibits a two-way actuation strain of 3.2% during a thermal cycle and an actuation stress of 934 MPa upon heating, which is about twice as high as that (∼500 MPa) found in reported two-way SMAs. Upon cooling, the composite shows an actuation stress of 134 MPa and a mechanical work output of 1.08 × 10(6) J/m(3), which are about three and five times higher than those of reported two-way SMAs, respectively. It was revealed that the massive number of Nb nanoribbons in the compressive state provides the high actuation stress and high work output upon cooling, and the SMA matrix with high yield strength offers the high actuation stress upon heating. Compared to traditional bias-type two-way actuators, the two-way actuation composite with a small volume and simple construct works well with the miniaturization and simplification of actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yinong Liu
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia , Crawley, Washington 6009, Australia
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Daqiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Daoyong Cong
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology , Beijing 10083, China
| | - Yandong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology , Beijing 10083, China
| | - Lishan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
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37
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Rupérez E, Manero JM, Bravo-González LA, Espinar E, Gil FJ. Development of Biomimetic NiTi Alloy: Influence of Thermo-Chemical Treatment on the Physical, Mechanical and Biological Behavior. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9060402. [PMID: 28773526 PMCID: PMC5456747 DOI: 10.3390/ma9060402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A bioactive layer, free of nickel, has been performed for its greater acceptability and reliability in clinical applications for NiTi shape memory alloys. In the first step, a safe barrier against Ni release has been produced on the surface by means of a thicker rutile/anastase protective layer free of nickel. In the second step, a sodium alkaline titanate hydrogel, which has the ability to induce apatite formation, has been performed from oxidized surface. An improvement of host tissue–implant integration has been achieved in terms of Ni ions release and the bioactivity of the treated NiTi alloys has been corroborated with both in vitro and in vivo studies. The transformation temperatures (As, Af, Ms, and Mf), as well as the critical stresses (σβ⇔M), have been slightly changed due to this surface modification. Consequently, this fact must be taken into account in order to design new surface modification on NiTi implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rupérez
- Centre de Recerca Nanoenginyeria (CrnE), Departamento Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
| | - José María Manero
- Centre de Recerca Nanoenginyeria (CrnE), Departamento Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Escola Tècnica Superior d'Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona (ETSEIB), Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
| | | | - Eduardo Espinar
- Department of Ortodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, Spain.
| | - F J Gil
- Universidad Internacional de Cataluña, C/Immaculada 22, Barcelona 08195, Spain.
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38
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Wang L, Wang C, Zhang LC, Chen L, Lu W, Zhang D. Phase transformation and deformation behavior of NiTi-Nb eutectic joined NiTi wires. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23905. [PMID: 27049025 PMCID: PMC4822122 DOI: 10.1038/srep23905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
NiTi wires were brazed together via eutectic reaction between NiTi and Nb powder deposited at the wire contact region. Phase transformation and deformation behavior of the NiTi-Nb eutectic microstructure were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cyclic loading-unloading tests. Results show that R phase and B19′ martensite transformation are induced by plastic deformation. R phase transformation, which significantly contributes to superelasticity, preferentially occurs at the interfaces between NiTi and eutectic region. Round-shaped Nb-rich phase with rod-like and lamellar-type eutectics are observed in eutectic regions. These phases appear to affect the deformation behavior of the brazed NiTi-Nb region via five distinct stages in stress-strain curves: (I) R phase reorientation, (II) R phase transformation from parent phase, (III) elastic deformation of reoriented martensite accompanied by the plastic deformation of Nb-rich phase and lamellar NiTi-Nb eutectic, (IV) B19′ martensitic transformation, and (V) plastic deformation of the specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, 60208, USA
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, 60208, USA.,School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Lai-Chang Zhang
- School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, Perth, WA 6027, Australia
| | - Liangyu Chen
- School of Mathematics and Science, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212003, China
| | - Weijie Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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39
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Feng C, Zhao J, Yang F, Hao S, Gong K, Hu D, Cao Y, Jiang X, Wang Z, Chen L, Li S, Sun L, Cui L, Yu G. Reversible and Nonvolatile Modulations of Magnetization Switching Characteristic and Domain Configuration in L10-FePt Films via Nonelectrically Controlled Strain Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:7545-7552. [PMID: 26939773 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reversible and nonvolatile modulation of magnetization switching characteristic in ferromagnetic materials is crucial in developing spintronic devices with low power consumption. It is recently discovered that strain engineering can be an active and effective approach in tuning the magnetic/transport properties of thin films. The primary method in strain modulation is via the converse piezoelectric effect of ferroelectrics, which is usually volatile due to the reliance of the required electric field. Also the maximum amount of deformation in ferroelectrics is usually limited to be less than 1%, and the corresponding magnetoelastic strain energy introduced to ferromagnetic films is on the order of 10(4) J/m(3), not enough to overcome magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (Ku) in many materials. Different from using conventional strain inducing substrates, this paper reports on the significantly large, reversible, and nonvolatile lattice strain in the L10-FePt films (up to 2.18%) using nonelectrically controlled shape memory alloy substrates. Introduced lattice strain can be large enough to effectively affect domain structure and magnetic reversal in FePt. A noticeable decrease of coercivity field by 80% is observed. Moreover, the coercivity field tunability using such substrates is nonvolatile at room temperature and is also reversible due to the characteristics of the shape memory effect. This finding provides an efficient avenue for developing strain assisted spintronic devices such as logic memory device, magnetoresistive random-access memory, and memristor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Feng
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiancheng Zhao
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shijie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Kui Gong
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
- Centre for the Physics of Materials and Department of Physics, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec H3A2T8, Canada
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Physics, Aberystwyth University , Aberystwyth SY23 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Xumin Jiang
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Sirui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity (TcSUH), University of Houston , Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Lishan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Guanghua Yu
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, University of Science and Technology Beijing , Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
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40
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Hao S, Cui L, Wang H, Jiang D, Liu Y, Yan J, Ren Y, Han X, Brown DE, Li J. Retaining Large and Adjustable Elastic Strains of Kilogram-Scale Nb Nanowires. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:2917-2922. [PMID: 26745016 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Individual metallic nanowires can sustain ultralarge elastic strains of 4-7%. However, achieving and retaining elastic strains of such magnitude in kilogram-scale nanowires are challenging. Here, we find that under active load, ∼ 5.6% elastic strain can be achieved in Nb nanowires embedded in a metallic matrix deforming by detwinning. Moreover, large tensile (2.8%) and compressive (-2.4%) elastic strains can be retained in kilogram-scale Nb nanowires when the external load was fully removed, and adjustable in magnitude by processing control. It is then demonstrated that the retained tensile elastic strains of Nb nanowires can increase their superconducting transition temperature and critical magnetic field, in comparison with the unstrained original material. This study opens new avenues for retaining large and tunable elastic strains in great quantities of nanowires and elastic-strain-engineering at industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Lishan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Daqiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yinong Liu
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia , Crawley, Washington 6009, Australia
| | - Jiaqiang Yan
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dennis E Brown
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University , De Kalb, Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Ju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum , Beijing 102249, China
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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41
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Nonvolatile modulation of electronic structure and correlative magnetism of L10-FePt films using significant strain induced by shape memory substrates. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20199. [PMID: 26830325 PMCID: PMC4735331 DOI: 10.1038/srep20199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuning the lattice strain (εL) is a novel approach to manipulate the magnetic, electronic, and transport properties of spintronic materials. Achievable εL in thin film samples induced by traditional ferroelectric or flexible substrates is usually volatile and well below 1%. Such limits in the tuning capability cannot meet the requirements for nonvolatile applications of spintronic materials. This study answers to the challenge of introducing significant amount of elastic strain in deposited thin films so that noticeable tuning of the spintronic characteristics can be realized. Based on subtle elastic strain engineering of depositing L10-FePt films on pre-stretched NiTi(Nb) shape memory alloy substrates, steerable and nonvolatile lattice strain up to 2.18% has been achieved in the L10-FePt films by thermally controlling the shape memory effect of the substrates. Introduced strains at this level significantly modify the electronic density of state, orbital overlap, and spin-orbit coupling (SOC) strength in the FePt film, leading to nonvolatile modulation of magnetic anisotropy and magnetization reversal characteristics. This finding not only opens an efficient avenue for the nonvolatile tuning of SOC based magnetism and spintronic effects, but also helps to clarify the physical nature of pure strain effect.
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42
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Revealing ultralarge and localized elastic lattice strains in Nb nanowires embedded in NiTi matrix. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17530. [PMID: 26625854 PMCID: PMC4667184 DOI: 10.1038/srep17530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Freestanding nanowires have been found to exhibit ultra-large elastic strains (4 to 7%) and ultra-high strengths, but exploiting their intrinsic superior mechanical properties in bulk forms has proven to be difficult. A recent study has demonstrated that ultra-large elastic strains of ~6% can be achieved in Nb nanowires embedded in a NiTi matrix, on the principle of lattice strain matching. To verify this hypothesis, this study investigated the elastic deformation behavior of a Nb nanowire embedded in NiTi matrix by means of in situ transmission electron microscopic measurement during tensile deformation. The experimental work revealed that ultra-large local elastic lattice strains of up to 8% are induced in the Nb nanowire in regions adjacent to stress-induced martensite domains in the NiTi matrix, whilst other parts of the nanowires exhibit much reduced lattice strains when adjacent to the untransformed austenite in the NiTi matrix. These observations provide a direct evidence of the proposed mechanism of lattice strain matching, thus a novel approach to designing nanocomposites of superior mechanical properties.
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43
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Han X, Zhang Z. B21-O-14Ultra-large elasticity and Liquid-like behavior of Nano-materials. Microscopy (Oxf) 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfv144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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44
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Bi H, Chen IW, Lin T, Huang F. A new tubular graphene form of a tetrahedrally connected cellular structure. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:5943-9. [PMID: 26305918 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
3D architectures constructed from a tubular graphene network can withstand repeated >95% compression cycling without damage. Aided by intertubular covalent bonding, this material takes full advantage of the graphene tube's unique attributes, including complete pre- and post-buckling elasticity, outstanding electrical conductivity, and extraordinary physicochemical stability. A highly connected tubular graphene will thus be the ultimate, structurally robust, ultrastrong, ultralight material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - I-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, 19104-6272, USA
| | - Tianquan Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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45
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Wang J, Sansoz F, Deng C, Xu G, Han G, Mao SX. Strong Hall-Petch Type Behavior in the Elastic Strain Limit of Nanotwinned Gold Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:3865-70. [PMID: 25950984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Pushing the limits of elastic deformation in nanowires subjected to stress is important for the design and performance of nanoscale devices from elastic strain engineering. Particularly, introducing nanoscale twins has proved effective in rising the tensile strength of metals. However, attaining ideal elastic strains in nanotwinned materials remains challenging, because nonuniform twin sizes locally affect the yielding behavior. Here, using in situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy tensile testing of nanotwinned [111]-oriented gold nanowires, we report direct lattice-strain measurements that demonstrate a strong Hall-Petch type relationship in the elastic strain limit up to 5.3%, or near the ideal theoretical limit, as the twin size is decreased below 3 nm. It is found that the largest twin in nanowires with irregular twin sizes controls the slip nucleation and yielding processes in pure tension, which is in agreement with earlier atomistic simulations. Continuous hardening behavior without loss of strength or softening is observed in nanotwinned single-crystalline gold nanowires, which differs from the behaviors of bulk nanocrystalline and nanotwinned-nanocrystalline metals. These findings are of practical value for the use of nanotwinned metallic and semiconductor nanowires in strain-engineered functional microdevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwei Wang
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Frederic Sansoz
- ‡School of Engineering, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Chuang Deng
- §Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Manitoba, 15 Gillson Street, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5 V6, Canada
| | - Gang Xu
- ∥State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Battery of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Gaorong Han
- ∥State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Battery of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Scott X Mao
- †Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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46
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Wang S, Wu Y, Lin L, He Y, Huang H. Fracture strain of SiC nanowires and direct evidence of electron-beam induced amorphisation in the strained nanowires. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:1672-1676. [PMID: 25367627 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201402202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
SiC nanowires with diameters ranging from 29 to 270 nm exhibit an average strain of 5.5% with a maximum of up to 7.0%. The brittle fracture of the nano-wires being measured was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. This study demonstrates that amorphisation occurs in the stained SiC nanowires during normal TEM examination, which could be induced by electron irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Wang
- School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; School of Physics and Electronics, State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
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47
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Achieving large linear elasticity and high strength in bulk nanocompsite via synergistic effect. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8892. [PMID: 25749549 PMCID: PMC4352871 DOI: 10.1038/srep08892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Elastic strain in bulk metallic materials is usually limited to only a fraction of 1%. Developing bulk metallic materials showing large linear elasticity and high strength has proven to be difficult. Here, based on the synergistic effect between nanowires and orientated martensite NiTi shape memory alloy, we developed an in-situ Nb nanowires -orientated martensitic NiTi matrix composite showing an ultra-large linear elastic strain of 4% and an ultrahigh yield strength of 1.8 GPa. This material also has a high mechanical energy storage efficiency of 96% and a high energy storage density of 36 J/cm(3) that is almost one order of larger than that of spring steel. It is demonstrated that the synergistic effect allows the exceptional mechanical properties of nanowires to be harvested at macro scale and the mechanical properties of matrix to be greatly improved, resulting in these superior properties. This study provides new avenues for developing advanced composites with superior properties by using effective synergistic effect between components.
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48
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Zhang J, Cui L, Jiang D, Liu Y, Hao S, Ren Y, Han X, Liu Z, Wang Y, Yu C, Huan Y, Zhao X, Zheng Y, Xu H, Ren X, Li X. A biopolymer-like metal enabled hybrid material with exceptional mechanical prowess. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8357. [PMID: 25665501 PMCID: PMC4322361 DOI: 10.1038/srep08357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The design principles for naturally occurring biological materials have inspired us to develop next-generation engineering materials with remarkable performance. Nacre, commonly referred to as nature's armor, is renowned for its unusual combination of strength and toughness. Nature's wisdom in nacre resides in its elaborate structural design and the judicious placement of a unique organic biopolymer with intelligent deformation features. However, up to now, it is still a challenge to transcribe the biopolymer's deformation attributes into a stronger substitute in the design of new materials. In this study, we propose a new design strategy that employs shape memory alloy to transcribe the “J-curve” mechanical response and uniform molecular/atomic level deformation of the organic biopolymer in the design of high-performance hybrid materials. This design strategy is verified in a TiNi-Ti3Sn model material system. The model material demonstrates an exceptional combination of mechanical properties that are superior to other high-performance metal-based lamellar composites known to date. Our design strategy creates new opportunities for the development of high-performance bio-inspired materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Lishan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Daqiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yinong Liu
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Shijie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Zhenyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yunzhi Wang
- 1] State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China [2] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Cun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yong Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics (LNM), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xinqing Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanjun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Huibin Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaobing Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Mechanical &Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4746, USA
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49
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Zhao Z, Wang EF, Yan H, Kono Y, Wen B, Bai L, Shi F, Zhang J, Kenney-Benson C, Park C, Wang Y, Shen G. Nanoarchitectured materials composed of fullerene-like spheroids and disordered graphene layers with tunable mechanical properties. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6212. [PMID: 25648723 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Type-II glass-like carbon is a widely used material with a unique combination of properties including low density, high strength, extreme impermeability to gas and liquid and resistance to chemical corrosion. It can be considered as a carbon-based nanoarchitectured material, consisting of a disordered multilayer graphene matrix encasing numerous randomly distributed nanosized fullerene-like spheroids. Here we show that under both hydrostatic compression and triaxial deformation, this high-strength material is highly compressible and exhibits a superelastic ability to recover from large strains. Under hydrostatic compression, bulk, shear and Young's moduli decrease anomalously with pressure, reaching minima around 1-2 GPa, where Poisson's ratio approaches zero, and then revert to normal behaviour with positive pressure dependences. Controlling the concentration, size and shape of fullerene-like spheroids with tailored topological connectivity to graphene layers is expected to yield exceptional and tunable mechanical properties, similar to mechanical metamaterials, with potentially wide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhisheng Zhao
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Erik F Wang
- College of the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Hongping Yan
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yoshio Kono
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Bin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Ligang Bai
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Feng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Curtis Kenney-Benson
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Changyong Park
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Yanbin Wang
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Guoyin Shen
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team (HPCAT), Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Wang S, Cui L, Hao S, Jiang D, Liu Y, Liu Z, Mao S, Han X, Ren Y. Locality and rapidity of the ultra-large elastic deformation of Nb nanowires in a NiTi phase-transforming matrix. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6753. [PMID: 25341619 PMCID: PMC4208026 DOI: 10.1038/srep06753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the elastic deformation behaviour of Nb nanowires embedded in a NiTi matrix. The Nb nanowires exhibited an ultra-large elastic deformation, which is found to be dictated by the martensitic transformation of the NiTi matrix, thus exhibiting unique characteristics of locality and rapidity. These are in clear contrast to our conventional observation of elastic deformations of crystalline solids, which is a homogeneous lattice distortion with a strain rate controlled by the applied strain. The Nb nanowires are also found to exhibit elastic-plastic deformation accompanying the martensitic transformation of the NiTi matrix in the case when the transformation strain of the matrix over-matches the elastic strain limit of the nanowires, or exhibit only elastic deformation in the case of under-matching. Such insight provides an important opportunity for elastic strain engineering and composite design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Lishan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shijie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Daqiang Jiang
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China [2] School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Yinong Liu
- School of Mechanical and Chemical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Zhenyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Shengcheng Mao
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yang Ren
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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