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Li C, Xu G, Wang Y, Huang L, Cai F, Meng L, Jin B, Jiang Z, Sun H, Zhao H, Lu X, Sang X, Huang P, Li F, Yang H, Mao Y, Zheng H. Acoustic-holography-patterned primary hepatocytes possess liver functions. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122691. [PMID: 38996673 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic holography (AH), a promising approach for cell patterning, emerges as a powerful tool for constructing novel invitro 3D models that mimic organs and cancers features. However, understanding changes in cell function post-AH remains limited. Furthermore, replicating complex physiological and pathological processes solely with cell lines proves challenging. Here, we employed acoustical holographic lattice to assemble primary hepatocytes directly isolated from mice into a cell cluster matrix to construct a liver-shaped tissue sample. For the first time, we evaluated the liver functions of AH-patterned primary hepatocytes. The patterned model exhibited large numbers of self-assembled spheroids and superior multifarious core hepatocyte functions compared to cells in 2D and traditional 3D culture models. AH offers a robust protocol for long-term in vitro culture of primary cells, underscoring its potential for future applications in disease pathogenesis research, drug testing, and organ replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcan Li
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China; Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Liver Transplant Center, Organ Transplant Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinhan Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Laixin Huang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, And Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feiyan Cai
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, And Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Long Meng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, And Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bao Jin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Zhuoran Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Hang Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Xingting Sang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China
| | - Pengyu Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, And Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Huayu Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China.
| | - Yilei Mao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) Hospital, PUMC & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS), Beijing, China.
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, And Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
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2
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Du S, Zhou X, Zheng B. Beyond Traditional Medicine: EVs-Loaded Hydrogels as a Game Changer in Disease Therapeutics. Gels 2024; 10:162. [PMID: 38534580 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosomes, have shown great therapeutic potential in the treatment of diseases, as they can target cells or tissues. However, the therapeutic effect of EVs is limited due to the susceptibility of EVs to immune system clearance during transport in vivo. Hydrogels have become an ideal delivery platform for EVs due to their good biocompatibility and porous structure. This article reviews the preparation and application of EVs-loaded hydrogels as a cell-free therapy strategy in the treatment of diseases. The article also discusses the challenges and future outlook of EVs-loaded hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutong Du
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhou
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Institute for Cell Analysis, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
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3
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Seo J, Saha S, Brown ME. The past, present, and future promise of pluripotent stem cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 22-23:100077. [PMID: 38706532 PMCID: PMC11065261 DOI: 10.1016/j.regen.2024.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matthew E. Brown
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, United States
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4
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Jhunjhunwala A, Kim J, Kubelick KP, Ethier CR, Emelianov SY. In Vivo Photoacoustic Monitoring of Stem Cell Location and Apoptosis with Caspase-3-Responsive Nanosensors. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17931-17945. [PMID: 37703202 PMCID: PMC10540261 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has immense potential in a variety of regenerative medicine applications. However, clinical stem cell therapy is severely limited by challenges in assessing the location and functional status of implanted cells in vivo. Thus, there is a great need for longitudinal, noninvasive stem cell monitoring. Here we introduce a multidisciplinary approach combining nanosensor-augmented stem cell labeling with ultrasound guided photoacoustic (US/PA) imaging for the spatial tracking and functional assessment of transplanted stem cell fate. Specifically, our nanosensor incorporates a peptide sequence that is selectively cleaved by caspase-3, the primary effector enzyme in mammalian cell apoptosis; this cleavage event causes labeled cells to show enhanced optical absorption in the first near-infrared (NIR) window. Optimization of labeling protocols and spectral characterization of the nanosensor in vitro showed a 2.4-fold increase in PA signal from labeled cells during apoptosis while simultaneously permitting cell localization. We then successfully tracked the location and apoptotic status of mesenchymal stem cells in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model for 2 weeks in vivo, demonstrating a 4.8-fold increase in PA signal and spectral slope changes in the first NIR window under proapoptotic (ischemic) conditions. We conclude that our nanosensor allows longitudinal, noninvasive, and nonionizing monitoring of stem cell location and apoptosis, which is a significant improvement over current end-point monitoring methods such as biopsies and histological staining of excised tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamik Jhunjhunwala
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Jinhwan Kim
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kelsey P. Kubelick
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - C. Ross Ethier
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stanislav Y. Emelianov
- Wallace
H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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5
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Gupta S, Lytvynchuk L, Ardan T, Studenovska H, Sharma R, Faura G, Eide L, Shanker Verma R, Znaor L, Erceg S, Stieger K, Motlik J, Petrovski G, Bharti K. Progress in Stem Cells-Based Replacement Therapy for Retinal Pigment Epithelium: In Vitro Differentiation to In Vivo Delivery. Stem Cells Transl Med 2023; 12:536-552. [PMID: 37459045 PMCID: PMC10427969 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a critical cell monolayer forming the blood-retina-barrier (BRB) and a permeable bridge between the choriocapillaris and the retina. RPE is also crucial in maintaining photoreceptor function and for completing the visual cycle. Loss of the RPE is associated with the development of degenerative diseases like age-related macular degeneration (AMD). To treat diseases like AMD, pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE (pRPE) has been recently explored extensively as a regenerative module. pRPE like other ectodermal tissues requires specific lineage differentiation and long-term in vitro culturing for maturation. Therefore, understanding the differentiation process of RPE could be useful for stem cell-based RPE derivation. Developing pRPE-based transplants and delivering them into the subretinal space is another aspect that has garnered interest in the last decade. In this review, we discuss the basic strategies currently employed for stem cell-based RPE derivation, their delivery, and recent clinical studies related to pRPE transplantation in patients. We have also discussed a few limitations with in vitro RPE culture and potential solutions to overcome such problems which can be helpful in developing functional RPE tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Gupta
- Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lyubomyr Lytvynchuk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Karl Landsteiner Institute for Retinal Research and Imaging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Taras Ardan
- Laboratory of Cell Regeneration and Cell Plasticity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Studenovska
- Department of Biomaterials and Bioanalogous Systems, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Georgina Faura
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Eide
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology, Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences. Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ljubo Znaor
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Split School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre, Split, Croatia
| | - Slaven Erceg
- Research Center “Principe Felipe,” Stem Cell Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Neuroregeneration, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Knut Stieger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jan Motlik
- Laboratory of Cell Regeneration and Cell Plasticity, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Libechov, Czech Republic
| | - Goran Petrovski
- Center for Eye Research and Innovative Diagnostics, Department of Ophthalmology, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Split School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre, Split, Croatia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kapil Bharti
- Ocular and Stem Cell Translational Research, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Polyak A, Képes Z, Trencsényi G. Implant Imaging: Perspectives of Nuclear Imaging in Implant, Biomaterial, and Stem Cell Research. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050521. [PMID: 37237591 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Until now, very few efforts have been made to specifically trace, monitor, and visualize implantations, artificial organs, and bioengineered scaffolds for tissue engineering in vivo. While mainly X-Ray, CT, and MRI methods have been used for this purpose, the applications of more sensitive, quantitative, specific, radiotracer-based nuclear imaging techniques remain a challenge. As the need for biomaterials increases, so does the need for research tools to evaluate host responses. PET (positron emission tomography) and SPECT (single photon emission computer tomography) techniques are promising tools for the clinical translation of such regenerative medicine and tissue engineering efforts. These tracer-based methods offer unique and inevitable support, providing specific, quantitative, visual, non-invasive feedback on implanted biomaterials, devices, or transplanted cells. PET and SPECT can improve and accelerate these studies through biocompatibility, inertivity, and immune-response evaluations over long investigational periods at high sensitivities with low limits of detection. The wide range of radiopharmaceuticals, the newly developed specific bacteria, and the inflammation of specific or fibrosis-specific tracers as well as labeled individual nanomaterials can represent new, valuable tools for implant research. This review aims to summarize the opportunities of nuclear-imaging-supported implant research, including bone, fibrosis, bacteria, nanoparticle, and cell imaging, as well as the latest cutting-edge pretargeting methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Polyak
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zita Képes
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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7
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Ku LC, Sheu ML, Cheng HH, Lee CY, Tsai YC, Tsai CY, Lin KH, Lai LC, Lai DW. Melatonin protects retinal integrity through mediated immune homeostasis in the sodium iodate-induced mouse model of age-related macular degeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114476. [PMID: 36905808 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of visual deficiency in older adults worldwide. Melatonin (MT) can potentially reduce retinal deterioration. However, the mechanism by which MT mediates regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the retina is not yet fully understood. METHODS The transcriptome profiles of aged or young human retinal tissues from the GEO database were analyzed for MT-related gene expression. The pathological changes in the retina in the NaIO3-induced mouse model were quantitatively determined by staining with hematoxylin and eosin. Retinal whole-mounting immunofluorescence staining was conducted to determine the expression of the Treg-specific marker FOXP3. The phenotypes of M1/M2 macrophages were representing related gene markers in the retina. The GEO database includes biopsies from patients with retinal detachment for ENPTD1, NT5E, and TET2 gene expression. A pyrosequencing assay was performed for NT5E DNA methylation on human primary Tregs, and siTET2 transfection engineering was used. RESULTS MT synthesis-related genes in retinal tissue may be affected by age. Our study shows that MT can effectively restore NaIO3-induced retinopathy and maintain retinal structural integrity. Importantly, MT may assist the conversion of M1 to M2 macrophages to promote tissue repair, which may be caused by the increased infiltration of Tregs. Moreover, MT treatment may upregulate TET2, and further NT5E demethylation is associated with Treg recruitment in the retinal microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that MT can effectively ameliorate retinal degeneration and regulate immune homeostasis via Tregs. Modulation of the immune response may provide a key therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Cheng Ku
- Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Ling Sheu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - He-Hsiung Cheng
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yi Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan, Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Tsai
- Department of Immune Medicine, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yun Tsai
- Experimental Animal Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Hung Lin
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - De-Wei Lai
- Experimental Animal Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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8
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Qiu J, Liu XJ, You BA, Ren N, Liu H. Application of Nanomaterials in Stem Cell-Based Therapeutics for Cardiac Repair and Regeneration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206487. [PMID: 36642861 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Although the survival rate of patients with heart diseases can be improved with contemporary pharmacological treatments and surgical procedures, none of these therapies provide a significant improvement in cardiac repair and regeneration. Stem cell-based therapies are a promising approach for functional recovery of damaged myocardium. However, the available stem cells are difficult to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, which result in the extremely low transplantation efficiency. Nanomaterials are widely used to regulate the myocardial differentiation of stem cells, and play a very important role in cardiac tissue engineering. This study discusses the current status and limitations of stem cells and cell-derived exosomes/micro RNAs based cardiac therapy, describes the cardiac repair mechanism of nanomaterials, summarizes the recent advances in nanomaterials used in cardiac repair and regeneration, and evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the relevant nanomaterials. Besides discussing the potential clinical applications of nanomaterials in cardiac therapy, the perspectives and challenges of nanomaterials used in stem cell-based cardiac repair and regeneration are also considered. Finally, new research directions in this field are proposed, and future research trends are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiu
- Medical Research Institute, Jinan Nanjiao Hospital, Jinan, 250002, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ju Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, P. R. China
| | - Bei-An You
- Department of Cardiovascular Center, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 266035, P. R. China
| | - Na Ren
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (iAIR), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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9
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Li X, Heng BC, Bai Y, Wang Q, Gao M, He Y, Zhang X, Deng X, Zhang X. Electrical charge on ferroelectric nanocomposite membranes enhances SHED neural differentiation. Bioact Mater 2023; 20:81-92. [PMID: 35633875 PMCID: PMC9131252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) uniquely exhibit high proliferative and neurogenic potential. Charged biomaterials have been demonstrated to promote neural differentiation of stem cells, but the dose-response effect of electrical stimuli from these materials on neural differentiation of SHED remains to be elucidated. Here, by utilizing different annealing temperatures prior to corona poling treatment, BaTiO3/P(VDF-TrFE) ferroelectric nanocomposite membranes with varying charge polarization intensity (d33 ≈ 0, 4, 12 and 19 pC N−1) were fabricated. Enhanced expression of neural markers, increased cell elongation and more prominent neurite outgrowths were observed with increasing surface charge of the nanocomposite membrane indicating a dose-response effect of surface electrical charge on SHED neural differentiation. Further investigations of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that intracellular calcium influx, focal adhesion formation, FAK-ERK mechanosensing pathway and neurogenic-related ErbB signaling pathway were implicated in the enhancement of SHED neural differentiation by surface electrical charge. Hence, this study confirms the dose-response effect of biomaterial surface charge on SHED neural differentiation and provides preliminary insights into the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved. Membrane surface charge can be precisely controlled by adjusting annealing temperature and corona poling parameters. Both earlier and later neurogenic differentiation of SHED appear to be dose-dependently enhanced by surface charge. Underlying molecular mechanisms may involve intracellular Ca2+ influx, focal adhesion formation, FAK-ERK and ErbB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochan Li
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Yunyang Bai
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Center of Implant Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, 110002, PR China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xuliang Deng
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Xuehui Zhang
- Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Dental Materials & Dental Medical Devices Testing Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
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10
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Zhang D, Gorochowski TE, Marucci L, Lee HT, Gil B, Li B, Hauert S, Yeatman E. Advanced medical micro-robotics for early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. Front Robot AI 2023; 9:1086043. [PMID: 36704240 PMCID: PMC9871318 DOI: 10.3389/frobt.2022.1086043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advances in micro-robotics have demonstrated their immense potential for biomedical applications. Emerging micro-robots have versatile sensing systems, flexible locomotion and dexterous manipulation capabilities that can significantly contribute to the healthcare system. Despite the appreciated and tangible benefits of medical micro-robotics, many challenges still remain. Here, we review the major challenges, current trends and significant achievements for developing versatile and intelligent micro-robotics with a focus on applications in early diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. We also consider some recent emerging micro-robotic technologies that employ synthetic biology to support a new generation of living micro-robots. We expect to inspire future development of micro-robots toward clinical translation by identifying the roadblocks that need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,Bristol Robotics Laboratory, Bristol, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Dandan Zhang ,
| | - Thomas E. Gorochowski
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,BrisEngBio, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Lucia Marucci
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,BrisEngBio, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hyun-Taek Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Bruno Gil
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bing Li
- The Institute for Materials Discovery, University College London, London, United Kingdom,Department of Brain Science, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom,Care Research & Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine Hauert
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom,Bristol Robotics Laboratory, Bristol, United Kingdom,BrisEngBio, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Yeatman
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Central tolerance promoted by cell chimerism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2214989119. [PMID: 36534805 PMCID: PMC9907097 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214989119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, successful allotransplantation was only achieved by utilizing powerful immunosuppressive drugs that were exposing the patient to severe opportunistic infections. The thymus of the transplant recipient renders such therapy obligatory as it constitutively blocks self-reactive T cells while allowing alloreactive T cells to mature and populate the periphery. In 1992, a follow-up study revealed the presence of donor leukocytes in long-term transplant survivors. The stable persistence of recipient and donor leukocytes in the transplanted patient, referred to as "chimerism", was considered the reason why in some cases it was even possible to stop immunosuppressive treatment without damaging the transplanted organ. Unfortunately, it quickly became evident that stable, persistent allogeneic chimerism was not easily achievable by design. Recently, a novel approach has been identified to help address this clinical gap in knowledge: Cotransplantation of a donor graft with a thymic organoid populated with donor precursor cells generates stable, long-term chimerism in the recipient. In humanized mice, the implantation of thymic organoids, populated with human donor inducible pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and the same donor CD34+ bone marrow precursors, induces tolerance to human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched donor tissues/organs. This technology will allow successful allotransplantation of cells/organs even between Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)-noncompatible individuals and allow getting rid of immunosuppressive treatments reducing recipient morbidity.
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12
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Cui H, Su Y, Wei W, Xu F, Gao J, Zhang W. How Microalgae is Effective in Oxygen Deficiency Aggravated Diseases? A Comprehensive Review of Literature. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:3101-3122. [PMID: 35874112 PMCID: PMC9297331 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s368763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia can aggravate the conditions of many oxygen-deficiency-aggravated diseases (ODAD), such as cancer, ischemic heart disease, and chronic wounds. Photosynthetic microalgae can alleviate the hepatotoxicity of the local microenvironment by producing oxygen. In addition, microalgae extracts have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. These properties make them attractive candidates for developing methods to treat ODAD. Although researchers have exploited the advantages of microalgae and developed a variety of microalgae-based biomaterials to treat ODAD, a comprehensive review of this topic has not been presented previously. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the development and progress made in the field of developing microalgae-based biomaterials toward the treatment of ODAD. The challenges and prospects of this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengqing Cui
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidan Su
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Naval Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200052, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
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13
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Wu H, Tang X, Wang Y, Wang N, Chen Q, Xie J, Liu S, Zhong Z, Qiu Y, Situ P, Zern MA, Wang J, Chen H, Duan Y. Dextran sulfate prevents excess aggregation of human pluripotent stem cells in 3D culture by inhibiting ICAM1 expression coupled with down-regulating E-cadherin through activating the Wnt signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:218. [PMID: 35619172 PMCID: PMC9137216 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have great potential in applications for regenerative medicine and drug development. However, 3D suspension culture systems for clinical-grade hPSC large-scale production have been a major challenge. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the addition of dextran sulfate (DS) could prevent excessive adhesion of hPSCs from forming larger aggregates in 3D suspension culture. However, the signaling and molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain elusive. Methods By using a cell aggregate culture assay and separating big and small aggregates in suspension culture systems, the potential mechanism and downstream target genes of DS were investigated by mRNA sequence analysis, qRT-PCR validation, colony formation assay, and interference assay. Results Since cellular adhesion molecules (CAMs) play important roles in hPSC adhesion and aggregation, we assumed that DS might prevent excess adhesion through affecting the expression of CAMs in hPSCs. As expected, after DS treatment, we found that the expression of CAMs was significantly down-regulated, especially E-cadherin (E-cad) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), two highly expressed CAMs in hPSCs. The role of E-cad in the adhesion of hPSCs has been widely investigated, but the function of ICAM1 in hPSCs is hardly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that ICAM1 exhibited the capacity to promote the adhesion in hPSCs, and this adhesion was suppressed by the treatment with DS. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of RNA-seq revealed that DS treatment up-regulated genes related to Wnt signaling resulting in the activation of Wnt signaling in which SLUG, TWIST, and MMP3/7 were highly expressed, and further inhibited the expression of E-cad. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that DS played an important role in controlling the size of hPSC aggregates in 3D suspension culture by inhibiting the expression of ICAM1 coupled with the down-regulation of E-cad through the activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. These results represent a significant step toward developing the expansion of hPSCs under 3D suspension condition in large-scale cultures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02890-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Wu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianglian Tang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Birth Defects Prevention, Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Genetic Diseases, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530003, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Guangxi Birth Defects Research and Prevention Institute, Nanning, 530003, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyu Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Qicong Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghe Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoupei Liu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Zhong
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqi Qiu
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Situ
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China
| | - Mark A Zern
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jue Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Honglin Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuyou Duan
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Translational Medicine, Institutes for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Suite 406, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Jeong J, Kim TH, Kim M, Jung YK, Kim KS, Shim S, Jang H, Jang WI, Lee SB, Choi D. Elimination of Reprogramming Transgenes Facilitates the Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Hepatocyte-like Cells and Hepatic Organoids. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:493. [PMID: 35453693 PMCID: PMC9030920 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocytes and hepatic organoids (HOs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are promising cell-based therapies for liver diseases. The removal of reprogramming transgenes can affect hiPSC differentiation potential into the three germ layers but not into hepatocytes and hepatic organoids in the late developmental stage. Herein, we generated hiPSCs from normal human fibroblasts using an excisable polycistronic lentiviral vector based on the Cre recombinase-mediated removal of the loxP-flanked reprogramming cassette. Comparing the properties of transgene-carrying and transgene-free hiPSCs with the same genetic background, the pluripotent states of all hiPSCs were quite similar, as indicated by the expression of pluripotent markers, embryonic body formation, and tri-lineage differentiation in vitro. However, after in vitro differentiation into hepatocytes, transgene-free hiPSCs were superior to the transgene-residual hiPSCs. Interestingly, the generation and hepatic differentiation of human hepatic organoids (hHOs) were significantly enhanced by transgene elimination from hiPSCs, as observed by the upregulated fetal liver (CK19, SOX9, and ITGA6) and functional hepatocyte (albumin, ASGR1, HNF4α, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and AAT) markers upon culture in differentiation media. Thus, the elimination of reprogramming transgenes facilitates hiPSC differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells and hepatic organoids with properties of liver progenitor cells. Our findings thus provide significant insights into the characteristics of iPSC-derived hepatic organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.J.); (T.H.K.); (M.K.); (Y.K.J.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Tae Hun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.J.); (T.H.K.); (M.K.); (Y.K.J.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Myounghoi Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.J.); (T.H.K.); (M.K.); (Y.K.J.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Yun Kyung Jung
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.J.); (T.H.K.); (M.K.); (Y.K.J.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Kyeong Sik Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.J.); (T.H.K.); (M.K.); (Y.K.J.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Sehwan Shim
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Korea; (S.S.); (H.J.); (W.I.J.)
| | - Hyosun Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Korea; (S.S.); (H.J.); (W.I.J.)
| | - Won Il Jang
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Korea; (S.S.); (H.J.); (W.I.J.)
| | - Seung Bum Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul 01812, Korea; (S.S.); (H.J.); (W.I.J.)
| | - Dongho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.J.); (T.H.K.); (M.K.); (Y.K.J.); (K.S.K.)
- Hanyang Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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15
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Fakunle ES, Pratola VG, Peterson SE, Loring JF, Madanat H. The Promoting Equity in Stem Cell Genomics Survey. Regen Med 2022; 17:203-218. [PMID: 35255713 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to determine knowledge and attitudes toward induced pluripotent stem cell technology and biobanking. Methods: A survey instrument was developed to determine individuals' knowledge of and attitudes toward these technologies. Results: Results from 276 ethnically diverse participants who took the online survey demonstrated significant associations (p ≤ 0. 05) in knowledge by ethnicity and race regarding properties of stem cells, different types of stem cells and previous sample donation behavior. Significantly more Whites 39% (n = 53) compared with Blacks or African-Americans 19.2% (n = 14) had previous knowledge of induced pluripotent stem cells (χ2 = 8.544; p = 0.003) Conclusion: Overall, White race was associated with greater knowledge about stem cells and biobanks and greater willingness to donate samples for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyitayo S Fakunle
- Founder at IFASEMB & Ilera "I am Pluripotent", Chandler, AZ 85286, USA.,Currently employed at Covis Pharmaceuticals, Grafenauweg 12, 6300 Zug, Switzerland.,J. Orin Edson Entrepreneurship + Innovation Institute, Venture Devils Program for startups, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Victoria Glenn Pratola
- The Scripps Research Institute, Center for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Suzanne E Peterson
- The Scripps Research Institute, Center for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Jeanne F Loring
- The Scripps Research Institute, Center for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.,Graduate School of Public Health, Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Hala Madanat
- Interim Vice President for Research and Innovation, Distinguished Professor, School of Public Health, Core Investigator, Institute for Behavioral and Community Health San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182-4162
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16
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Ding L, Zhou B, Hou Y, Xu L. Stem cells in tendon regeneration and factors governing tenogenesis. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 17:503-512. [PMID: 35086458 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220127111135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tendons are connective tissue structures of paramount importance to the human ability of locomotion. Tendinopathy and tendon rupture can be resistant to treatment and often recurs, thus resulting in a significant health problem with a relevant social impact worldwide. Unfortunately, existing treatment approaches are suboptimal. A better understanding of the basic biology of tendons may provide a better way to solve these problems and promote tendon regeneration. Stem cells, either obtained from tendons or non-tendon sources, such as bone marrow (BMSCs), adipose tissue (AMSCs), as well as embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have received increasing attention toward enhancing tendon healing. There are many studies showing that stem cells can contribute to improving tendon healing. Hence, in this review, the current knowledge of BMSCs, AMSCs, TSPCs, ESCs and iPSCs for tendon regeneration, as well as the advantages and limitations among them, has been highlighted. Moreover, the transcriptional and bioactive factors governing tendon healing processes have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Ding
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - BingYu Zhou
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Hafezi M, Nouri Khorasani S, Zare M, Esmaeely Neisiany R, Davoodi P. Advanced Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering: Recent Progress and Future Directions. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4199. [PMID: 34883702 PMCID: PMC8659862 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage is a tension- and load-bearing tissue and has a limited capacity for intrinsic self-healing. While microfracture and arthroplasty are the conventional methods for cartilage repair, these methods are unable to completely heal the damaged tissue. The need to overcome the restrictions of these therapies for cartilage regeneration has expanded the field of cartilage tissue engineering (CTE), in which novel engineering and biological approaches are introduced to accelerate the development of new biomimetic cartilage to replace the injured tissue. Until now, a wide range of hydrogels and cell sources have been employed for CTE to either recapitulate microenvironmental cues during a new tissue growth or to compel the recovery of cartilaginous structures via manipulating biochemical and biomechanical properties of the original tissue. Towards modifying current cartilage treatments, advanced hydrogels have been designed and synthesized in recent years to improve network crosslinking and self-recovery of implanted scaffolds after damage in vivo. This review focused on the recent advances in CTE, especially self-healing hydrogels. The article firstly presents the cartilage tissue, its defects, and treatments. Subsequently, introduces CTE and summarizes the polymeric hydrogels and their advances. Furthermore, characterizations, the advantages, and disadvantages of advanced hydrogels such as multi-materials, IPNs, nanomaterials, and supramolecular are discussed. Afterward, the self-healing hydrogels in CTE, mechanisms, and the physical and chemical methods for the synthesis of such hydrogels for improving the reformation of CTE are introduced. The article then briefly describes the fabrication methods in CTE. Finally, this review presents a conclusion of prevalent challenges and future outlooks for self-healing hydrogels in CTE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Hafezi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Saied Nouri Khorasani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;
| | - Mohadeseh Zare
- School of Metallurgy and Materials, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany
- Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 96179-76487, Iran;
| | - Pooya Davoodi
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Hornbeam Building, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK
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18
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Hu YF, Lee AS, Chang SL, Lin SF, Weng CH, Lo HY, Chou PC, Tsai YN, Sung YL, Chen CC, Yang RB, Lin YC, Kuo TBJ, Wu CH, Liu JD, Chung TW, Chen SA. Biomaterial-induced conversion of quiescent cardiomyocytes into pacemaker cells in rats. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 6:421-434. [PMID: 34811487 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pacemaker cells can be differentiated from stem cells or transdifferentiated from quiescent mature cardiac cells via genetic manipulation. Here we show that the exposure of rat quiescent ventricular cardiomyocytes to a silk-fibroin hydrogel activates the direct conversion of the quiescent cardiomyocytes to pacemaker cardiomyocytes by inducing the ectopic expression of the vascular endothelial cell-adhesion glycoprotein cadherin. The silk-fibroin-induced pacemaker cells exhibited functional and morphological features of genuine sinoatrial-node cardiomyocytes in vitro, and pacemaker cells generated via the injection of silk fibroin in the left ventricles of rats functioned as a surrogate in situ sinoatrial node. Biomaterials with suitable surface structure, mechanics and biochemistry could facilitate the scalable production of biological pacemakers for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Hu
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - An-Sheng Lee
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Lin Chang
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shien-Fong Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Weng
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Lo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chou
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Nan Tsai
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ling Sung
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Bing Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Charn Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terry B J Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Wu
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Dian Liu
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Wen Chung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Center for Advanced Pharmaceutical Research and Drug Delivery, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Ann Chen
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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Zhu Y, Woo YJ. Photosynthetic symbiotic therapeutics - An innovative, effective treatment for ischemic cardiovascular diseases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 164:51-57. [PMID: 34813842 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a major cause of global morbidity and mortality, affecting over 15 million patients in the United States. Recent advances in research and innovation have greatly broadened clinicians' ability to treatment ischemic heart disease and associated heart failure using various preventive, pharmacologic, and surgical strategies. Specifically, innovative photosynthetic symbiotic systems using Synechococcus elongatus has gained significant attention. S. elongatus is a unicellular cyanobacterium that can carry out oxygenic photosynthesis. Photosynthetic therapies have been developed to rescue ischemic tissue by taking up tissue-derived carbon dioxide and in turn releasing oxygen for sustained aerobic metabolism during ischemia. In this article, we review the application of cyanobacteria, specifically S. elongatus, in the field of biotechnology, ischemic heart disease, and other clinical applications in ischemic diseases. We also address the motivation for innovation and current limitations in the field of S. elongatus photosynthetic therapeutics for ischemic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjia Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Y Joseph Woo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America.
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Yan M, Nada OA, Fu LL, Li DZ, Feng HC, Chen LM, Gosau M, Friedrich RE, Smeets R. A comparative study on the secretion of various cytokines by pulp stem cells at different passages and their neurogenic potential. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2021; 166:161-167. [PMID: 34747415 DOI: 10.5507/bp.2021.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS By measuring the extent of cytokines secreted by human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) from passages 2 through 10, the optimal passage of hDPSCs was determined. This offers a potential theoretical basis for the treatment of neurological disorders. METHOD After isolation and culture of hDPSCs from human teeth, the morphological features of the cells were observed under an inverted microscope. hDPSCs were identified by their immunophenotypes and their multiple differentiation capability. Cytokine concentrations secreted in the supernatants at passages 2-10 were detected by ELISA. RESULTS hDPSCs were viewed as fusiform or polygonal in shape, with a bulging cell body, homogenized cytoplasm, and a clear nucleus. Moreover, they could differentiate into neuroblasts in vitro. hDPSCs at passage 3 were positive for CD29 (91.5%), CD73 (94.8%) and CD90 (96.7%), but negative for the hematopoietic markers CD34 (0.13%). ELISA results showed that hDPSCs at passage 3 had the highest secretion levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and nerve growth factor (NGF), with the highest secretion level of Neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) being at passage 2. CONCLUSION hDPSCs have steady biological features of stem cells and exhibit optimal proliferation potential. hDPSCs at different passages have different capacities in the secretion of VEGF, BDNF, NGF, and NT-3. In conclusion cytokines secreted by hDPSCs may prove to be appropriate in the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 050017, PR China
| | - Ola A Nada
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21500, Egypt
| | - Ling-Ling Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 050017, PR China
| | - Dong-Zhen Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hebei Eye Hospital, Xingtai, 054000, China
| | - Hong-Chao Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 050017, PR China
| | - Li-Ming Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, 050017, PR China
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
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21
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Gala D, Gurusamy V, Patel K, Damodar S, Swaminath G, Ullal G. Stem Cell Therapy for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Novel Therapeutic Approach. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9040077. [PMID: 34842629 PMCID: PMC8628773 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a rapidly evolving field of regenerative medicine being employed for the management of various central nervous system disorders. The ability to self-renew, differentiate into specialized cells, and integrate into neuronal networks has positioned stem cells as an ideal mechanism for the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsy is characterized by repetitive seizures caused by imbalance in the GABA and glutamate neurotransmission following neuronal damage. Stem cells provide benefit by reducing the glutamate excitotoxicity and strengthening the GABAergic inter-neuron connections. Similar to the abnormal neuroanatomic location in epilepsy, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is caused by hyperarousal in the amygdala and decreased activity of the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex. Thus, stem cells could be used to modulate neuronal interconnectivity. In this review, we provide a rationale for the use of stem cell therapy in the treatment of PTSD.
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22
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Quan Y, Shan X, Hu M, Jin P, Ma J, Fan J, Yang J, Zhang H, Fan X, Gong Y, Li M, Wang Y. YAP inhibition promotes endothelial cell differentiation from pluripotent stem cell through EC master transcription factor FLI1. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 163:81-96. [PMID: 34666000 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) provide great resource for vascular disease modeling and cell-based regeneration therapy. However, the molecular mechanisms of EC differentiation are not completely understood. In this study, we checked transcriptional profile by microarray and found Hippo pathway is changed and the activity of YAP decreased during mesoderm-mediated EC differentiation from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Knockdown of YAP in hESCs promoted both mesoderm and EC differentiation indicating by mesodermal- or EC-specific marker gene expression increased both in mRNA and protein level. In contrast, overexpression of YAP inhibited mesoderm and EC differentiation. Microarray data showed that several key transcription factors of EC differentiation, such as FLI1, ERG, SOX17 are upregulated. Interestingly, knockdown YAP enhanced the expression of these master transcription factors. Bioinformation analysis revealed that TEAD, a YAP binds transcription factors, might regulate the expression of EC master TFs, including FLI1. Luciferase assay confirmed that YAP binds to TEAD1, which would inhibit FLI1 expression. Finally, FLI1 overexpression rescued the effects of YAP overexpression-mediated inhibition of EC differentiation. In conclusion, we revealed the inhibitory effects of YAP on EC differentiation from PSCs, and YAP inhibition might promote expression of master TFs FLI1 for EC commitment through interacting with TEAD1, which might provide an idea for EC differentiation and vascular regeneration via manipulating YAP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyi Quan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Shan
- The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou. Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minjie Hu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peifeng Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianshe Ma
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junming Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiwen Yang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Li
- Cardiac Regeneration Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yongyu Wang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, Zhejiang, China.
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23
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Aza-Reversine Promotes Reprogramming of Lung (MRC-5) and Differentiation of Mesenchymal Cells into Osteoblasts. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185385. [PMID: 34576609 PMCID: PMC8467999 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reversine or 2-(4-morpholinoanilino)-N6-cyclohexyladenine was originally identified as a small organic molecule that induces dedifferentiation of lineage-committed mouse myoblasts, C2C12, and redirects them into lipocytes or osteoblasts under lineage-specific conditions (LISCs). Further, it was proven that this small molecule can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and thus selectively lead cancer cells to cell death. Further studies demonstrated that reversine, and more specifically the C2 position of the purine ring, can tolerate a wide range of substitutions without activity loss. In this study, a piperazine analog of reversine, also known as aza-reversine, and a biotinylated derivative of aza-reversine were synthesized, and their potential medical applications were investigated by transforming the endoderm originates fetal lung cells (MRC-5) into the mesoderm originated osteoblasts and by differentiating mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts. Moreover, the reprogramming capacity of aza-reversine and biotinylated aza-reversine was investigated against MRC-5 cells and mesenchymal cells after the immobilization on PMMA/HEMA polymeric surfaces. The results showed that both aza-reversine and the biofunctionalized, biotinylated analog induced the reprogramming of MRC-5 cells to a more primitive, pluripotent state and can further transform them into osteoblasts under osteogenic culture conditions. These molecules also induced the differentiation of dental and adipose mesenchymal cells to osteoblasts. Thus, the possibility to load a small molecule with useful “information” for delivering that into specific cell targets opens new therapeutic personalized applications.
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24
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Kuo YC, Tsao CW, Rajesh R. Dual-sized inverted colloidal crystal scaffolds grafted with GDF-8 and Wnt3a for enhancing differentiation of iPS cells toward islet β-cells. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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25
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Li G, Zhu Q, Wang B, Luo R, Xiao X, Zhang Y, Ma L, Feng X, Huang J, Sun X, Wen Z, Pan Y, Yang C. Rejuvenation of Senescent Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells by Pulsed Triboelectric Stimulation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100964. [PMID: 34258884 PMCID: PMC8456218 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell senescence contributes to stem cell exhaustion and drives various aging-associated disorders. However, strategies to rejuvenate senescent stem cells are limited. The present study proposes an approach based on triboelectric stimulation to rejuvenate senescent bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) by fabricating a pulsed triboelectric nanogenerator (P-TENG) that can produce stable pulsed current output unaffected by the triggered frequency. The senescence phenotypes of aged BMSCs are reversed by triboelectric stimulation at 30 µA at 1.5 Hz. Triboelectric stimulation enhances the proliferation of aged BMSCs and increases their pluripotency and differentiation capacity. Additionally, mechanistic investigations reveal that pulsed triboelectric stimulation by P-TENG rejuvenates senescent BMSCs by enhancing MDM2-dependent p53 degradation, which is demonstrated by loss-of-function studies of MDM2 and p53. Overall, this study identifies a new approach for the rejuvenation of senescent BMSCs and describes a promising therapeutic intervention for many diseases associated with aged BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaocai Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Bingjin Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Rongjin Luo
- Department of OrthopaedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Xiaohui Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationGuangdong‐Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA MedicineDepartment of CardiologyMedical Research CenterSun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510120P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of OrthopaedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of OrthopaedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
| | - Jingang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationGuangdong‐Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA MedicineDepartment of CardiologyMedical Research CenterSun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510120P. R. China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Zhen Wen
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon‐Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Yue Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene RegulationGuangdong‐Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA MedicineDepartment of CardiologyMedical Research CenterSun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhou510120P. R. China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of OrthopaedicsUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430022China
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26
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Gilmozzi V, Gentile G, Riekschnitz DA, Von Troyer M, Lavdas AA, Kerschbamer E, Weichenberger CX, Rosato-Siri MD, Casarosa S, Conti L, Pramstaller PP, Hicks AA, Pichler I, Zanon A. Generation of hiPSC-Derived Functional Dopaminergic Neurons in Alginate-Based 3D Culture. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:708389. [PMID: 34409038 PMCID: PMC8365765 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.708389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent an unlimited cell source for the generation of patient-specific dopaminergic (DA) neurons, overcoming the hurdle of restricted accessibility to disease-affected tissue for mechanistic studies on Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the complexity of the human brain is not fully recapitulated by existing monolayer culture methods. Neurons differentiated in a three dimensional (3D) in vitro culture system might better mimic the in vivo cellular environment for basic mechanistic studies and represent better predictors of drug responses in vivo. In this work we established a new in vitro cell culture system based on the microencapsulation of hiPSCs in small alginate/fibronectin beads and their differentiation to DA neurons. Optimization of hydrogel matrix concentrations and composition allowed a high viability of embedded hiPSCs. Neural differentiation competence and efficiency of DA neuronal generation were increased in the 3D cultures compared to a conventional 2D culture methodology. Additionally, electrophysiological parameters and metabolic switching profile confirmed increased functionality and an anticipated metabolic resetting of neurons grown in alginate scaffolds with respect to their 2D counterpart neurons. We also report long-term maintenance of neuronal cultures and preservation of the mature functional properties. Furthermore, our findings indicate that our 3D model system can recapitulate mitochondrial superoxide production as an important mitochondrial phenotype observed in neurons derived from PD patients, and that this phenotype might be detectable earlier during neuronal differentiation. Taken together, these results indicate that our alginate-based 3D culture system offers an advantageous strategy for the reliable and rapid derivation of mature and functional DA neurons from hiPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Gilmozzi
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gentile
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Diana A. Riekschnitz
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Michael Von Troyer
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Alexandros A. Lavdas
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Emanuela Kerschbamer
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Christian X. Weichenberger
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marcelo D. Rosato-Siri
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Simona Casarosa
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Luciano Conti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Peter P. Pramstaller
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andrew A. Hicks
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Irene Pichler
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zanon
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Affiliated Institute of the University of Lübeck, Bolzano, Italy
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27
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Llorente IL, Hatanaka EA, Meadow ME, Xie Y, Lowry WE, Carmichael ST. Reliable generation of glial enriched progenitors from human fibroblast-derived iPSCs. Stem Cell Res 2021; 55:102458. [PMID: 34274773 PMCID: PMC8444576 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
White matter stroke (WMS) occurs as small infarcts in deep penetrating blood vessels in the brain and affects the regions of the brain that carry connections, termed the subcortical white matter. WMS progresses over years and has devastating clinical consequences. Unlike large grey matter strokes, WMS disrupts the axonal architecture of the brain and depletes astrocytes, oligodendrocyte lineage cells, axons and myelinating cells, resulting in abnormalities of gait and executive function. An astrocytic cell-based therapy is positioned as a strong therapeutic candidate after WMS. In this study we report, the reliable generation of a novel stem cell-based therapeutic product, glial enriched progenitors (GEPs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). By transient treatment of hiPSC derived neural progenitors (hiPSC-NPCs) with the small molecule deferoxamine, a prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, for three days hiPSC-NPCs become permanently biased towards an astrocytic fate, producing hiPSC-GEPs. In preparation for clinical application, we have developed qualification assays to ensure identity, safety, purity, and viability of the cells prior to manufacture. Using tailored q-RT-PCR-based assays, we have demonstrated the lack of pluripotency in our final therapeutic candidate cells (hiPSC-GEPs) and we have identified the unique genetic profile of hiPSC-GEPs that is clearly distinct from the parent lines, hiPSCs and iPSC-NPCs. After completion of the viability assay, we have stablished the therapeutic window of use for hiPSC-GEPs in future clinical applications (7 h). Lastly, we were able to reliably and consistently produce a safe therapeutic final product negative for contamination by any human or murine viral pathogens, selected bacteria, common laboratory mycoplasmas, growth of any aerobes, anaerobes, yeast, or fungi and 100 times less endotoxin levels than the maximum acceptable value. This study demonstrates the reliable and safe generation of patient derived hiPSC-GEPs that are clinically ready as a cell-based therapeutic approach for WMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene L Llorente
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA
| | - Emily A Hatanaka
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, USA
| | - Michael E Meadow
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, USA
| | - Yuan Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, USA
| | - William E Lowry
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, UCLA, USA
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28
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Ma Y, Wang L, Yang S, Liu D, Zeng Y, Lin L, Qiu L, Lu J, Chang J, Li Z. The tissue origin of human mesenchymal stem cells dictates their therapeutic efficacy on glucose and lipid metabolic disorders in type II diabetic mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:385. [PMID: 34233739 PMCID: PMC8261817 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of different tissue origins on metabolic disorders can be varied in many ways but remains poorly defined. Here we report a comprehensive comparison of human MSCs derived from umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly (UC-MSCs), dental pulp (PU-MSCs), and adipose tissue (AD-MSCs) on the treatment of glucose and lipid metabolic disorders in type II diabetic mice. Methods Fourteen-to-fifteen-week-old male C57BL/6 db/db mice were intravenously administered with human UC-MSCs, PU-MSCs, and AD-MSCs at various doses or vehicle control once every 2 weeks for 6 weeks. Metformin (MET) was given orally to animals in a separate group once a day at weeks 4 to 6 as a positive control. Body weight, blood glucose, and insulin levels were measured every week. Glucose tolerance tests (GTT) and insulin tolerance tests (ITT) were performed every 2 weeks. All the animals were sacrificed at week 6 and the blood and liver tissues were collected for biochemical and histological examinations. Results UC-MSCs showed the strongest efficacy in reducing fasting glucose levels, increasing fasting insulin levels, and improving GTT and ITT in a dose-dependent manner, whereas PU-MSCs showed an intermediate efficacy and AD-MSCs showed the least efficacy on these parameters. Moreover, UC-MSCs also reduced the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels with the most prominent potency and AD-MSCs had only very weak effect on LDL-C. In contrast, AD-MSCs substantially reduced the lipid content and histological lesion of liver and accompanying biomarkers of liver injury such as serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, whereas UC-MSCs and PU-MSCs displayed no or modest effects on these parameters, respectively. Conclusions Taken together, our results demonstrated that MSCs of different tissue origins can confer substantially different therapeutic efficacy in ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolic disorders in type II diabetes. MSCs with different therapeutic characteristics could be selected according to the purpose of the treatment in the future clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhong Ma
- SIAT-GHMSCB Biomedical Laboratory for Major Diseases, Dongguan Enlife Stem Cell Biotechnology Institute, Dongguan Avenue 430, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Blvd 1068, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lisha Wang
- SIAT-GHMSCB Biomedical Laboratory for Major Diseases, Dongguan Enlife Stem Cell Biotechnology Institute, Dongguan Avenue 430, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shilun Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Blvd 1068, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- SIAT-GHMSCB Biomedical Laboratory for Major Diseases, Dongguan Enlife Stem Cell Biotechnology Institute, Dongguan Avenue 430, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Blvd 1068, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lilong Lin
- SIAT-GHMSCB Biomedical Laboratory for Major Diseases, Dongguan Enlife Stem Cell Biotechnology Institute, Dongguan Avenue 430, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Linhui Qiu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Blvd 1068, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahao Lu
- SIAT-GHMSCB Biomedical Laboratory for Major Diseases, Dongguan Enlife Stem Cell Biotechnology Institute, Dongguan Avenue 430, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Junlei Chang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xueyuan Blvd 1068, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhihuan Li
- SIAT-GHMSCB Biomedical Laboratory for Major Diseases, Dongguan Enlife Stem Cell Biotechnology Institute, Dongguan Avenue 430, Dongguan, Guangdong, China.
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29
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Kim TW, Piao J, Koo SY, Kriks S, Chung SY, Betel D, Socci ND, Choi SJ, Zabierowski S, Dubose BN, Hill EJ, Mosharov EV, Irion S, Tomishima MJ, Tabar V, Studer L. Biphasic Activation of WNT Signaling Facilitates the Derivation of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons from hESCs for Translational Use. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:343-355.e5. [PMID: 33545081 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells show considerable promise for applications in regenerative medicine, including the development of cell replacement paradigms for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Protocols have been developed to generate authentic midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons capable of reversing dopamine-related deficits in animal models of Parkinson's disease. However, the generation of mDA neurons at clinical scale suitable for human application remains an important challenge. Here, we present an mDA neuron derivation protocol based on a two-step WNT signaling activation strategy that improves expression of midbrain markers, such as Engrailed-1 (EN1), while minimizing expression of contaminating posterior (hindbrain) and anterior (diencephalic) lineage markers. The resulting neurons exhibit molecular, biochemical, and electrophysiological properties of mDA neurons. Cryopreserved mDA neuron precursors can be successfully transplanted into 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) lesioned rats to induce recovery of amphetamine-induced rotation behavior. The protocol presented here is the basis for clinical-grade mDA neuron production and preclinical safety and efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Wan Kim
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jinghua Piao
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery and Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - So Yeon Koo
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program of Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonja Kriks
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sun Young Chung
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Doron Betel
- Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas D Socci
- Bioinformatics Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Se Joon Choi
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Susan Zabierowski
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brittany N Dubose
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ellen J Hill
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eugene V Mosharov
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Irion
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark J Tomishima
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; SKI Stem Cell Research Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Viviane Tabar
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurosurgery and Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Cancer Biology & Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Lorenz Studer
- Center for Stem Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Developmental Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Kim Y, Kim YW, Lee SB, Kang K, Yoon S, Choi D, Park SH, Jeong J. Hepatic patch by stacking patient-specific liver progenitor cell sheets formed on multiscale electrospun fibers promotes regenerative therapy for liver injury. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120899. [PMID: 34034028 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently, use of cell sheets with bio-applicable fabrication materials for transplantation has been an attractive approach for the treatment of patients with liver failure. However, renewable and scalable cell sources for engineered tissue patches remain limited. We previously reported a new type of proliferating bipotent human chemically derived hepatic progenitor cells (hCdHs) developed by small molecule-mediated reprogramming. Here, we developed a patient-specific hepatic cell sheet constructed from liver biopsy-derived hCdHs on a multiscale fibrous scaffold by combining electrospinning and three-dimensional printing. Analysis of biomaterial composition revealed that the high-density electrospun sheet was superior in increasing the functional properties of hCdHs. Furthermore, the hepatic patch assembled by multilayer stacking with alternate cell sheets of hCdHs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) recapitulated a liver tissue-like structure, with histological and morphological shape and size similar to those of primary human hepatocytes, and exhibited a significant increase in hepatic functions such as albumin secretion and activity of cytochrome P450 during in vitro hepatic differentiation compared with that in hCdH cells cultured in a two-dimensional monolayer. Interestingly, in the hepatic patch, the induction of functional hepatocytes was associated with both the electrospun fibrous-facilitated oncostatin M signaling and selective activation of AKT signaling by HUVECs. Notably, upon transplantation into a mouse model of therapeutic liver repopulation, the hepatic patch effectively repopulated the damaged parenchyma and induced the restoration of liver function with healthy morphology in the lobe and an improved survival rate (>70%) in mice. Overall, these results suggested that liver biopsy-derived hCdHs can be an efficient alternative source for developing hepatic cell sheets and patches with potential clinical applications in tissue engineering to advance liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea; HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Won Kim
- Digital Manufacturing Process Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 113-58 Seohaean-ro, Siheungsi, Gyeonggi-do, 15014, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bum Lee
- Laboratory of Radiation Exposure & Therapeutics, National Radiation Emergency Medical Center, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Science, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyojin Kang
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangtae Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea; HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea; HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Suk-Hee Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaemin Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea; HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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A Cell-Based Approach to Dental Pulp Regeneration Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Scoping Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094357. [PMID: 33921924 PMCID: PMC8122243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent explosion of investigations on dental pulp regeneration using various tissue engineering strategies, the translation of the findings from such studies into therapeutic applications has not been properly achieved. The purpose of this scoping review was to systematically review the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for dental pulp regeneration. A literature search was conducted using five electronic databases from their inception to January 2021 and supplemented by hand searches. A total of 17 studies, including two clinical trials and 15 animal studies using orthotopic pulp regeneration models, were included for the review. The risk of bias for the individual studies was assessed. This scoping review demonstrated that the regeneration of vascularized pulp-like tissue was achieved using the stem cell transplantation strategy in animal models. Autologous cell transplantation in two clinical studies also successfully regenerated vascularized vital tissue. Dental pulp stem cell subpopulations, such as mobilized dental pulp stem cells, injectable scaffolds such as atelocollagen, and a granulocyte-colony forming factor, were the most commonly used for pulp regeneration. The overall risk of bias was unclear for animal studies and was moderate or judged to raise some concerns for clinical studies. More high-quality clinical studies are needed to further determine the safety and efficacy of the stem cell transplantation strategy for dental pulp regeneration.
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Lee CS, Cho HJ, Lee JW, Son H, Chai J, Kim HS. Adhesion GPCR Latrophilin-2 Specifies Cardiac Lineage Commitment through CDK5, Src, and P38MAPK. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:868-882. [PMID: 33798451 PMCID: PMC8072181 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying lineage-specific markers is pivotal for understanding developmental processes and developing cell therapies. Here, we investigated the functioning of a cardiomyogenic cell-surface marker, latrophilin-2 (LPHN2), an adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor, in cardiac differentiation. LPHN2 was selectively expressed in cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) and cardiomyocytes (CMCs) during mouse and human pluripotent stem cell (PSC) differentiation; cell sorting with an anti-LPHN2 antibody promoted the isolation of populations highly enriched in CPCs and CMCs. Lphn2 knockdown or knockout PSCs did not express cardiac genes. We used the Phospho Explorer Antibody Array, which encompasses nearly all known signaling pathways, to assess molecular mechanisms underlying LPHN2-induced cardiac differentiation. LPHN2-dependent phosphorylation was the strongest for cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) at Tyr15. We identified CDK5, Src, and P38MAPK as key downstream molecules of LPHN2 signaling. These findings provide a valuable strategy for isolating CPCs and CMCs from PSCs and insights into the still-unknown cardiac differentiation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon-Soo Lee
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jai Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Lee
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunJu Son
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Chai
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Program in Stem Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Program in Stem Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhuang G, Wen Y, Briggs M, Shao Q, Tran D, Wang H, Chen B. Secretomes of human pluripotent stem cell-derived smooth muscle cell progenitors upregulate extracellular matrix metabolism in the lower urinary tract and vagina. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:228. [PMID: 33823931 PMCID: PMC8025391 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02292-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied extensively for regenerative medicine; however, they have limited proliferation in vitro, and the long culture time induces cell senescence. MSCs also contribute to tissue repair through their paracrine function. In this study, we sought to examine the paracrine effects of human smooth muscle cell progenitors (pSMC) on the urethra and adjacent vagina of stress urinary incontinence rodents. We use human pluripotent stem cell (PSC) lines to derive pSMCs to overcome the issue of decreased proliferation in tissue culture and to obtain a homogenous cell population. METHOD Three human PSC lines were differentiated into pSMCs. The conditioned medium (CM) from pSMC culture, which contain pSMC secretomes, was harvested. To examine the effect of the CM on the extracellular matrix of the lower urinary tract, human bladder smooth muscle cells (bSMCs) and vaginal fibroblasts were treated with pSMC-CM in vitro. Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) was induced in rats by surgical injury of the urethra and adjacent vagina. SUI rats were treated with pSMC-CM and monitored for 5 weeks. Urethral pressure testing was performed prior to euthanasia, and tissues were harvested for PCR, Western blot, and histological staining. Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA test and Student t test were used for statistical comparisons. RESULTS pSMC-CM upregulated MMP-2, TIMP-2, collagen, and elastin gene expression, and MMP-9 activity in the human bladder and vaginal cells consistent with elastin metabolism modulation. pSMC-CM treatment in the SUI rat improved urethral pressure (increase in leak point pressure compared to intact controls, p < 0.05) and increased collagen and elastin expression in the urethra and the adjacent vagina. CONCLUSION Conditioned media from smooth muscle cell progenitors derived from human pluripotent stem cells improved urethral leak point pressure and collagen and elastin content in the SUI rat. These findings suggest a novel therapeutic potential for PSC-based treatments for SUI and pelvic floor disorders where tissues are affected by collagen, elastin, and smooth muscle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobing Zhuang
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive HH-333, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wen
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive HH-333, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Mason Briggs
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive HH-333, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Qingchun Shao
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive HH-333, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Darlene Tran
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive HH-333, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bertha Chen
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive HH-333, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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Nelson EA, Qiu J, Chavkin NW, Hirschi KK. Directed Differentiation of Hemogenic Endothelial Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. J Vis Exp 2021:10.3791/62391. [PMID: 33871448 PMCID: PMC8675434 DOI: 10.3791/62391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels are ubiquitously distributed within all tissues of the body and perform diverse functions. Thus, derivation of mature vascular endothelial cells, which line blood vessel lumens, from human pluripotent stem cells is crucial for a multitude of tissue engineering and regeneration applications. In vivo, primordial endothelial cells are derived from the mesodermal lineage and are specified toward specific subtypes, including arterial, venous, capillary, hemogenic, and lymphatic. Hemogenic endothelial cells are of particular interest because, during development, they give rise to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, which then generate all blood lineages throughout life. Thus, creating a system to generate hemogenic endothelial cells in vitro would provide an opportunity to study endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, and may lead to ex vivo production of human blood products and reduced reliance on human donors. While several protocols exist for the derivation of progenitor and primordial endothelial cells, generation of well-characterized hemogenic endothelial cells from human stem cells has not been described. Here, a method for the derivation of hemogenic endothelial cells from human embryonic stem cells in approximately 1 week is presented: a differentiation protocol with primitive streak cells formed in response to GSK3β inhibitor (CHIR99021), then mesoderm lineage induction mediated by bFGF, followed by primordial endothelial cell development promoted by BMP4 and VEGF-A, and finally hemogenic endothelial cell specification induced by retinoic acid. This protocol yields a well-defined population of hemogenic endothelial cells that can be used to further understand their molecular regulation and endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, which has the potential to be applied to downstream therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Nelson
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia; Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia
| | - Jingyao Qiu
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine
| | - Nicholas W Chavkin
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia; Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia
| | - Karen K Hirschi
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Virginia; Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia; Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine;
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Aghlmandi A, Nikshad A, Safaralizadeh R, Warkiani ME, Aghebati-Maleki L, Yousefi M. Microfluidics as efficient technology for the isolation and characterization of stem cells. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:426-443. [PMID: 33746671 PMCID: PMC7975637 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-3028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent years have been passed with significant progressions in the utilization of microfluidic technologies for cellular investigations. The aim of microfluidics is to mimic small-scale body environment with features like optical transparency. Microfluidics can screen and monitor different cell types during culture and study cell function in response to stimuli in a fully controlled environment. No matter how the microfluidic environment is similar to in vivo environment, it is not possible to fully investigate stem cells behavior in response to stimuli during cell proliferation and differentiation. Researchers have used stem cells in different fields from fundamental researches to clinical applications. Many cells in the body possess particular functions, but stem cells do not have a specific task and can turn into almost any type of cells. Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability of changing into specific cells that can be essential for the body. Researchers and physicians are interested in stem cells to use them in testing the function of the body's systems and solving their complications. This review discusses the recent advances in utilizing microfluidic techniques for the analysis of stem cells, and mentions the advantages and disadvantages of using microfluidic technology for stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsoon Aghlmandi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aylin Nikshad
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- The School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhang J, Chan HF, Wang H, Shao D, Tao Y, Li M. Stem cell therapy and tissue engineering strategies using cell aggregates and decellularized scaffolds for the rescue of liver failure. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:2041731420986711. [PMID: 35003615 PMCID: PMC8733710 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420986711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver failure is a lethal condition with hepatocellular dysfunction, and liver transplantation is presently the only effective treatment. However, due to the limited availability of donors and the potential immune rejection, novel therapeutic strategies are actively sought to restore the normal hepatic architectures and functions, especially for livers with inherited metabolic dysfunctions or chronic diseases. Although the conventional cell therapy has shown promising results, the direct infusion of hepatocytes is hampered by limited hepatocyte sources, poor cell viability, and engraftment. Hence, this review mainly highlights the role of stem cells and progenitors as the alternative cell source and summarizes the potential approaches based on tissue engineering to improve the delivery efficiency of cells. Particularly, the underlying mechanisms for cell therapy using stem cells and progenitors are discussed in two main aspects: paracrine effect and cell differentiation. Moreover, tissue-engineering approaches using cell aggregates and decellularized liver scaffolds for bioengineering of functional hepatic constructs are discussed and compared in terms of the potential to replicate liver physiological structures. In the end, a potentially effective strategy combining the premium advantages of stem cell aggregates and decellularized liver scaffolds is proposed as the future direction of liver tissue engineering and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hon Fai Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Shao
- Institutes of Life Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease, Guangzhou, China
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Perrier S, Michell-Robinson MA, Bernard G. POLR3-Related Leukodystrophy: Exploring Potential Therapeutic Approaches. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:631802. [PMID: 33633543 PMCID: PMC7902007 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.631802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukodystrophies are a class of rare inherited central nervous system (CNS) disorders that affect the white matter of the brain, typically leading to progressive neurodegeneration and early death. Hypomyelinating leukodystrophies are characterized by the abnormal formation of the myelin sheath during development. POLR3-related or 4H (hypomyelination, hypodontia, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) leukodystrophy is one of the most common types of hypomyelinating leukodystrophy for which no curative treatment or disease-modifying therapy is available. This review aims to describe potential therapies that could be further studied for effectiveness in pre-clinical studies, for an eventual translation to the clinic to treat the neurological manifestations associated with POLR3-related leukodystrophy. Here, we discuss the therapeutic approaches that have shown promise in other leukodystrophies, as well as other genetic diseases, and consider their use in treating POLR3-related leukodystrophy. More specifically, we explore the approaches of using stem cell transplantation, gene replacement therapy, and gene editing as potential treatment options, and discuss their possible benefits and limitations as future therapeutic directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Perrier
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mackenzie A. Michell-Robinson
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Geneviève Bernard
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Specialized Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Montréal Children’s Hospital and McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Goldman SA, Mariani JN, Madsen PM. Glial progenitor cell-based repair of the dysmyelinated brain: Progression to the clinic. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 116:62-70. [PMID: 33414060 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Demyelinating disorders of the central white matter are among the most prevalent and disabling conditions in neurology. Since myelin-producing oligodendrocytes comprise the principal cell type deficient or lost in these conditions, their replacement by new cells generated from transplanted bipotential oligodendrocyte-astrocyte progenitor cells has emerged as a therapeutic strategy for a variety of primary dysmyelinating diseases. In this review, we summarize the research and clinical considerations supporting current efforts to bring this treatment approach to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Goldman
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine and the Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Denmark; Neuroscience Center, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - John N Mariani
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine and the Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Pernille M Madsen
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine and the Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Denmark
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Chen H, Yang H, Zhang C, Chen S, Zhao X, Zhu M, Wang Z, Wang Y, Wo HT, Li K, Cheng Z. Differential Responses of Transplanted Stem Cells to Diseased Environment Unveiled by a Molecular NIR-II Cell Tracker. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2021; 2021:9798580. [PMID: 34250496 PMCID: PMC8237598 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9798580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy holds high promises in regenerative medicine. The major challenge of clinical translation is to precisely and quantitatively evaluate the in vivo cell distribution, migration, and engraftment, which cannot be easily achieved by current techniques. To address this issue, for the first time, we have developed a molecular cell tracker with a strong fluorescence signal in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window (1,000-1,700 nm) for real-time monitoring of in vivo cell behaviors in both healthy and diseased animal models. The NIR-II tracker (CelTrac1000) has shown complete cell labeling with low cytotoxicity and profound long-term tracking ability for 30 days in high spatiotemporal resolution for semiquantification of the biodistribution of transplanted stem cells. Taking advantage of the unique merits of CelTrac1000, the responses of transplanted stem cells to different diseased environments have been discriminated and unveiled. Furthermore, we also demonstrate CelTrac1000 as a universal and effective technique for ultrafast real-time tracking of the cellular migration and distribution in a 100 μm single-cell cluster spatial resolution, along with the lung contraction and heart beating. As such, this NIR-II tracker will shift the optical cell tracking into a single-cell cluster and millisecond temporal resolution for better evaluating and understanding stem cell therapy, affording optimal doses and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, and Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
| | - Huaxiao Yang
- University of North Texas, Biomedical Engineering, Denton, TX 76207, USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Si Chen
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, and Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mark Zhu
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, and Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuebing Wang
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, and Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
| | - Hung-Ta Wo
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 33305, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Bio-X Program, and Department of Radiology, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5344, USA
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Meyfour A, Pahlavan S, Mirzaei M, Krijgsveld J, Baharvand H, Salekdeh GH. The quest of cell surface markers for stem cell therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:469-495. [PMID: 32710154 PMCID: PMC11073434 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03602-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells and their derivatives are novel pharmaceutics that have the potential for use as tissue replacement therapies. However, the heterogeneous characteristics of stem cell cultures have hindered their biomedical applications. In theory and practice, when cell type-specific or stage-specific cell surface proteins are targeted by unique antibodies, they become highly efficient in detecting and isolating specific cell populations. There is a growing demand to identify reliable and actionable cell surface markers that facilitate purification of particular cell types at specific developmental stages for use in research and clinical applications. The identification of these markers as very important members of plasma membrane proteins, ion channels, transporters, and signaling molecules has directly benefited from proteomics and tools for proteomics-derived data analyses. Here, we review the methodologies that have played a role in the discovery of cell surface markers and introduce cutting edge single cell proteomics as an advanced tool. We also discuss currently available specific cell surface markers for stem cells and their lineages, with emphasis on the nervous system, heart, pancreas, and liver. The remaining gaps that pertain to the discovery of these markers and how single cell proteomics and identification of surface markers associated with the progenitor stages of certain terminally differentiated cells may pave the way for their use in regenerative medicine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem St, P.O. Box: 16635-148, 1665659911, Tehran, Iran.
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Regenerative capacity of the corneal transition zone for endothelial cell therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:523. [PMID: 33276809 PMCID: PMC7716425 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The corneal endothelium located on the posterior corneal surface is responsible for regulating stromal hydration. This is contributed by a monolayer of corneal endothelial cells (CECs), which are metabolically active in a continuous fluid-coupled efflux of ions from the corneal stroma into the aqueous humor, preventing stromal over-hydration and preserving the orderly arrangement of stromal collagen fibrils, which is essential for corneal transparency. Mature CECs do not have regenerative capacity and cell loss due to aging and diseases results in irreversible stromal edema and a loss of corneal clarity. The current gold standard of treatment for this worldwide blindness caused by corneal endothelial failure is the corneal transplantation using cadaveric donor corneas. The top indication is Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy/degeneration, which represents 39% of all corneal transplants performed. However, the global shortage of transplantable donor corneas has restricted the treatment outcomes, hence instigating a need to research for alternative therapies. One such avenue is the CEC regeneration from endothelial progenitors, which have been identified in the peripheral endothelium and the adjacent transition zone. This review examines the evidence supporting the existence of endothelial progenitors in the posterior limbus and summarizes the existing knowledge on the microanatomy of the transitional zone. We give an overview of the isolation and ex vivo propagation of human endothelial progenitors in the transition zone, and their growth and differentiation capacity to the corneal endothelium. Transplanting these bioengineered constructs into in vivo models of corneal endothelial degeneration will prove the efficacy and viability, and the long-term maintenance of functional endothelium. This will develop a novel regenerative therapy for the management of corneal endothelial diseases.
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Qiu H, Qian T, Wu T, Wang X, Zhu C, Chen C, Wang L. Umbilical cord blood cells for the treatment of preterm white matter injury: Potential effects and treatment options. J Neurosci Res 2020; 99:778-792. [PMID: 33207392 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is a global public health problem. A large number of preterm infants survive with preterm white matter injury (PWMI), which leads to neurological deficits, and has multifaceted etiology, clinical course, monitoring, and outcomes. The principal upstream insults leading to PWMI initiation are hypoxia-ischemia and infection and/or inflammation and the key target cells are late oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Current PWMI treatments are mainly supportive, and thus have little effect in terms of protecting the immature brain or repairing injury to improve long-term outcomes. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells comprise abundant immunomodulatory and stem cells, which have the potential to reduce brain injury, mainly due to anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory mechanisms, and also through their release of neurotrophic or growth factors to promote endogenous neurogenesis. In this review, we briefly summarize PWMI pathogenesis and pathophysiology, and the specific properties of different cell types in UCB. We further explore the potential mechanism by which UCB can be used to treat PWMI, and discuss the advantages of and potential issues related to UCB cell therapy. Finally, we suggest potential future studies of UCB cell therapy in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases of Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center/Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases of Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center/Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases of Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center/Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Center of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Changlian Zhu
- Center of Perinatal Medicine and Health, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Henan Key Laboratory of Child Brain Injury, Institute of Neuroscience and Third Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases of Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center/Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Laishuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases of Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center/Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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43
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Kim TW, Koo SY, Studer L. Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapies for Parkinson Disease: Present Challenges and Future Opportunities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:729. [PMID: 32903681 PMCID: PMC7438741 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), there are currently no effective therapies to prevent or slow down disease progression. Cell replacement therapy using human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived dopamine neurons holds considerable promise. It presents a novel, regenerative strategy, building on the extensive history of fetal tissue grafts and capturing the potential of hPSCs to serve as a scalable and standardized cell source. Progress in establishing protocols for the direct differentiation to midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons from hPSC have catalyzed the development of cell-based therapies for PD. Consequently, several groups have derived clinical-grade mDA neuron precursors under clinical good manufacture practice condition, which are progressing toward clinical testing in PD patients. Here we will review the current status of the field, discuss the remaining key challenges, and highlight future areas for further improvements of hPSC-based technologies in the clinical translation to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Wan Kim
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States
| | - So Yeon Koo
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program of Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States
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44
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Alexander KL, Serrano CA, Chakraborty A, Nearing M, Council LN, Riquelme A, Garrido M, Bellis SL, Smythies LE, Smith PD. Modulation of glycosyltransferase ST6Gal-I in gastric cancer-derived organoids disrupts homeostatic epithelial cell turnover. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14153-14163. [PMID: 32763973 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death promotes homeostatic cell turnover in the epithelium but is dysregulated in cancer. The glycosyltransferase ST6Gal-I is known to block homeostatic apoptosis through α2,6-linked sialylation of the death receptor TNFR1 in many cell types. However, its role has not been investigated in gastric epithelial cells or gastric tumorigenesis. We determined that human gastric antral epithelium rarely expressed ST6Gal-I, but the number of ST6Gal-I-expressing epithelial cells increased significantly with advancing premalignancy leading to cancer. The mRNA expression levels of ST6GAL-I and SOX9 in human gastric epithelial cells correlated positively with one another through the premalignancy cascade, indicating that increased epithelial cell expression of ST6Gal-I is associated with premalignant progression. To determine the functional impact of increased ST6Gal-I, we generated human gastric antral organoids from epithelial stem cells and differentiated epithelial monolayers from gastric organoids. Gastric epithelial stem cells strongly expressed ST6Gal-I, suggesting a novel biomarker of stemness. In contrast, organoid-derived epithelial monolayers expressed markedly reduced ST6Gal-I and underwent TNF-induced, caspase-mediated apoptosis, consistent with homeostasis. Conversely, epithelial monolayers generated from gastric cancer stem cells retained high levels of ST6Gal-I and resisted TNF-induced apoptosis, supporting prolonged survival. Protection from TNF-induced apoptosis depended on ST6Gal-I overexpression, because forced ST6Gal-I overexpression in normal gastric stem cell-differentiated monolayers inhibited TNF-induced apoptosis, and cleavage of α2,6-linked sialic acids from gastric cancer organoid-derived monolayers restored susceptibility to TNF-induced apoptosis. These findings implicate up-regulated ST6Gal-I expression in blocking homeostatic epithelial cell apoptosis in gastric cancer pathogenesis, suggesting a mechanism for prolonged epithelioid tumor cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L Alexander
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Carolina A Serrano
- Departments of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Asmi Chakraborty
- Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Marie Nearing
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Leona N Council
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Arnoldo Riquelme
- Department of Gastroenterologys, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Garrido
- Department of Oncology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lesley E Smythies
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Phillip D Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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45
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Khalil AS, Xie AW, Johnson HJ, Murphy WL. Sustained release and protein stabilization reduce the growth factor dosage required for human pluripotent stem cell expansion. Biomaterials 2020; 248:120007. [PMID: 32302801 PMCID: PMC8445021 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Translation of human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived therapies to the clinic demands scalable, cost-effective methods for cell expansion. Culture media currently used for hPSC expansion rely on high concentrations and frequent supplementation of recombinant growth factors due to their short half-life at physiological temperatures. Here, we developed a biomaterial strategy using mineral-coated microparticles (MCMs) to sustain delivery of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a thermolabile protein critical for hPSC pluripotency and proliferation. We show that the MCMs stabilize bFGF against thermally induced activity loss and provide more efficient sustained release of active growth factor compared to polymeric carriers commonly used for growth factor delivery. Using a statistically driven optimization approach called Design of Experiments, we generated a bFGF-loaded MCM formulation that supported hPSC expansion over 25 passages without the need for additional bFGF supplementation to the media, resulting in greater than 80% reduction in bFGF usage compared to standard approaches. This materials-based strategy to stabilize and sustain delivery of a thermolabile growth factor has broad potential to reduce costs associated with recombinant protein supplements in scalable biomanufacturing of emerging cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Khalil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Angela W Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Hunter J Johnson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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46
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Hyung S, Jeong J, Shin K, Kim JY, Yim JH, Yu CJ, Jung HS, Hwang KG, Choi D, Hong JW. Exosomes derived from chemically induced human hepatic progenitors inhibit oxidative stress induced cell death. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2658-2667. [PMID: 32484909 PMCID: PMC7496643 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The emerging field of regenerative medicine has revealed that the exosome contributes to many aspects of development and disease through intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells. However, the biological functions of exosomes secreted from cells have remained largely unexplored. Here, we report that the human hepatic progenitor cells (CdHs)‐derived exosome (EXOhCdHs) plays a crucial role in maintaining cell viability. The inhibition of exosome secretion treatment with GW4869 results in the acceleration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, thereby causing a decrease of cell viability. This event provokes inhibition of caspase dependent cell death signaling, leading to a ROS‐dependent cell damage response and thus induces promotion of antioxidant gene expression or repair of cell death of hypoxia‐exposed cells. Together, these findings show the effect of exosomes in regeneration of liver cells, and offer valuable new insights into liver regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Hyung
- Center for Exosome & Bioparticulate Research, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Jaemin Jeong
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyusoon Shin
- Center for Exosome & Bioparticulate Research, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Bionanotechnology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Kim
- Center for Exosome & Bioparticulate Research, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Bionanotechnology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Yim
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Jong Yu
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Division of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kyung-Gyun Hwang
- Department of Dentistry/Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Collage of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongho Choi
- HY Indang Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Surgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Wook Hong
- Center for Exosome & Bioparticulate Research, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Bionanotechnology, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Bionanoengineering, Hanyang University, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.,Department of Medical & Digital Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
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47
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TET1 Deficiency Impairs Morphogen-free Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells to Neuroectoderm. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10343. [PMID: 32587369 PMCID: PMC7316867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The TET family of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) dioxygenases plays critical roles in development by modifying DNA methylation. Using CRISPR, we inactivated the TET1 gene in H9 human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Mutant H9 hESCs remained pluripotent, even though the level of hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) decreased to 30% of that in wild-type cells. Neural differentiation induced by dual SMAD inhibitors was not significantly affected by loss of TET1 activity. However, in a morphogen-free condition, TET1 deficiency significantly reduced the generation of NESTIN+SOX1+ neuroectoderm cells from 70% in wild-type cells to 20% in mutant cells. This was accompanied by a 20-fold reduction in the expression level of PAX6 and a significant decrease in the amount of 5hmC on the PAX6 promoter. Overexpression of the TET1 catalytic domain in TET1-deficient hESCs significantly increased 5hmC levels and elevated PAX6 expression during differentiation. Consistent with these in vitro data, PAX6 expression was significantly decreased in teratomas formed by TET1-deficient hESCs. However, TET1 deficiency did not prevent the formation of neural tube-like structures in teratomas. Our results suggest that TET1 deficiency impairs the intrinsic ability of hESCs to differentiate to neuroectoderm, presumably by decreasing the expression of PAX6, a key regulator in the development of human neuroectoderm.
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48
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Lee JH, Luo J, Choi HK, Chueng STD, Lee KB, Choi JW. Functional nanoarrays for investigating stem cell fate and function. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:9306-9326. [PMID: 32090229 PMCID: PMC7671654 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10963c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells show excellent potential in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine based on their excellent capability to not only self-renew but also differentiate into a specialized cell type of interest. However, the lack of a non-destructive monitoring system makes it challenging to identify and characterize differentiated cells before their transplantation without compromising cell viability. Thus, the development of a non-destructive monitoring method for analyzing cell function is highly desired and can significantly benefit stem cell-based therapies. Recently, nanomaterial-based scaffolds (e.g., nanoarrays) have made possible considerable advances in controlling the differentiation of stem cells and characterization of the differentiation status sensitively in real time. This review provides a selective overview of the recent progress in the synthesis methods of nanoarrays and their applications in controlling stem cell fate and monitoring live cell functions electrochemically. We believe that the topics discussed in this review can provide brief and concise guidelines for the development of novel nanoarrays and promote the interest in live cell study applications. A method which can not only control but also monitor stem cell fate and function will be a promising technology that can accelerate stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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49
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mRNA as a Tool for Gene Transfection in 3D Cell Culture for Future Regenerative Therapy. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11040426. [PMID: 32325734 PMCID: PMC7231348 DOI: 10.3390/mi11040426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A combination of three-dimensional (3D) cell culturing and non-viral gene transfection is promising in improving outcomes of cell transplantation therapy. Herein, gene transfection profiles in 3D cell culture were compared between plasmid DNA (pDNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) introduction, using mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) 3D spheroids. Green fluorescence protein (GFP) mRNA induced GFP protein expression in 77% of the cells in the spheroids, whereas only 34% of the cells became GFP positive following pDNA introduction. In mechanistic analyses, most of the cells in MSC spheroids were non-dividing, and pDNA failed to induce GFP expression in most of the non-dividing cells. In contrast, both dividing and non-dividing cells became GFP-positive after mRNA introduction, which led to a high overall percentage of GFP-positive cells in the spheroids. Consequently, mRNA encoding an osteogenic factor, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), allowed in vitro osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in spheroids more efficiently compared to Runx2 pDNA. Conclusively, mRNA exhibits high potential in gene transfection in 3D cell culture, in which the cell division rate is lower than that in monolayer culture, and the combination of mRNA introduction and 3D cell culture is a promising approach to improve outcomes of cell transplantation in future regenerative therapy.
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50
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Facklam AL, Volpatti LR, Anderson DG. Biomaterials for Personalized Cell Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1902005. [PMID: 31495970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cell therapy has already had an important impact on healthcare and provided new treatments for previously intractable diseases. Notable examples include mesenchymal stem cells for tissue regeneration, islet transplantation for diabetes treatment, and T cell delivery for cancer immunotherapy. Biomaterials have the potential to extend the therapeutic impact of cell therapies by serving as carriers that provide 3D organization and support cell viability and function. With the growing emphasis on personalized medicine, cell therapies hold great potential for their ability to sense and respond to the biology of an individual patient. These therapies can be further personalized through the use of patient-specific cells or with precision biomaterials to guide cellular activity in response to the needs of each patient. Here, the role of biomaterials for applications in tissue regeneration, therapeutic protein delivery, and cancer immunotherapy is reviewed, with a focus on progress in engineering material properties and functionalities for personalized cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Facklam
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lisa R Volpatti
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Daniel G Anderson
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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