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Clark PA, Gogoi M, Rodriguez-Rodriguez N, Ferreira ACF, Murphy JE, Walker JA, Crisp A, Jolin HE, Shields JD, McKenzie ANJ. Recipient tissue microenvironment determines developmental path of intestinal innate lymphoid progenitors. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7809. [PMID: 39242588 PMCID: PMC11379955 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are critical in maintaining tissue homeostasis, and during infection and inflammation. Here we identify, by using combinatorial reporter mice, a rare ILC progenitor (ILCP) population, resident to the small intestinal lamina propria (siLP) in adult mice. Transfer of siLP-ILCP into recipients generates group 1 ILCs (including ILC1 and NK cells), ILC2s and ILC3s within the intestinal microenvironment, but almost exclusively group 1 ILCs in the liver, lung and spleen. Single cell gene expression analysis and high dimensional spectral cytometry analysis of the siLP-ILCPs and ILC progeny indicate that the phenotype of the group 1 ILC progeny is also influenced by the tissue microenvironment. Thus, a local pool of siLP-ILCP can contribute to pan-ILC generation in the intestinal microenvironment but has more restricted potential in other tissues, with a greater propensity than bone marrow-derived ILCPs to favour ILC1 and ILC3 production. Therefore, ILCP potential is influenced by both tissue of origin and the microenvironment during development. This may provide additional flexibility during the tuning of immune reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula A Clark
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Mayuri Gogoi
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Jane E Murphy
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alastair Crisp
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E Jolin
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline D Shields
- Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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2
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Hansen DW, DeWitte SN, Slavin P. Dying of pestilence: Stature and mortality from the Black Death in 14th-century Kyrgyzstan. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2024:e25009. [PMID: 39238322 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.25009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bioarchaeological studies have provided important information about mortality patterns during the second pandemic of plague, including the Black Death, but most to date have focused on European contexts. This study represents a spatial contribution to plague bioarchaeology, focusing on Central Asia, the origin of the second pandemic. We examine the relationship between stature and plague mortality during an outbreak of plague at Kara-Djigach in northern Kyrgyzstan in 1338-1339, the earliest archaeological site known to contain victims of the Black Death in Eurasia. METHODS This study uses epigraphic data and in situ measurements from the Syriac Christian cemeteries at Kara-Djigach, obtained from field notes from excavations conducted by Russian archaeologists in the 1880s (n = 34 individuals). The epigraphic data provide detailed information about the interred individuals, including occupations, year of death, and gender. In situ measurements provide data on adult stature. This study uses chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to examine relationships between stature and plague at the site. RESULTS We find evidence that relatively short people were disproportionately affected by plague when compared with non-plague years. DISCUSSION These results might reflect increased mortality risks from plague based on exposure to early life biological stress events.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Hansen
- Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Sharon N DeWitte
- Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Philip Slavin
- Division of History, Heritage and Politics, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
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3
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Vassilopoulou E, Venter C, Roth-Walter F. Malnutrition and Allergies: Tipping the Immune Balance towards Health. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4713. [PMID: 39200855 PMCID: PMC11355500 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition, which includes macro- and micronutrient deficiencies, is common in individuals with allergic dermatitis, food allergies, rhinitis, and asthma. Prolonged deficiencies of proteins, minerals, and vitamins promote Th2 inflammation, setting the stage for allergic sensitization. Consequently, malnutrition, which includes micronutrient deficiencies, fosters the development of allergies, while an adequate supply of micronutrients promotes immune cells with regulatory and tolerogenic phenotypes. As protein and micronutrient deficiencies mimic an infection, the body's innate response limits access to these nutrients by reducing their dietary absorption. This review highlights our current understanding of the physiological functions of allergenic proteins, iron, and vitamin A, particularly regarding their reduced bioavailability under inflamed conditions, necessitating different dietary approaches to improve their absorption. Additionally, the role of most allergens as nutrient binders and their involvement in nutritional immunity will be briefly summarized. Their ability to bind nutrients and their close association with immune cells can trigger exaggerated immune responses and allergies in individuals with deficiencies. However, in nutrient-rich conditions, these allergens can also provide nutrients to immune cells and promote health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Univertià degli Studi die Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carina Venter
- Pediatrics, Section of Allergy & Immunology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Box B518, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna and University of Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Jeong M, Cortopassi F, See JX, De La Torre C, Cerwenka A, Stojanovic A. Vitamin A-treated natural killer cells reduce interferon-gamma production and support regulatory T-cell differentiation. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2250342. [PMID: 38593338 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate cytotoxic lymphocytes that contribute to immune responses against stressed, transformed, or infected cells. NK cell effector functions are regulated by microenvironmental factors, including cytokines, metabolites, and nutrients. Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient that plays an indispensable role in embryogenesis and development, but was also reported to regulate immune responses. However, the role of vitamin A in regulating NK cell functions remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the most prevalent vitamin A metabolite, all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), induces transcriptional and functional changes in NK cells leading to altered metabolism and reduced IFN-γ production in response to a wide range of stimuli. atRA-exposed NK cells display a reduced ability to support dendritic cell (DC) maturation and to eliminate immature DCs. Moreover, they support the polarization and proliferation of regulatory T cells. These results imply that in vitamin A-enriched environments, NK cells can acquire functions that might promote tolerogenic immunity and/or immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingeum Jeong
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Francesco Cortopassi
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jia-Xiang See
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carolina De La Torre
- NGS Core Facility, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Adelheid Cerwenka
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ana Stojanovic
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Mannheim Institute of Innate Immunosciences (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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5
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Horn V, Sonnenberg GF. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells in intestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:428-443. [PMID: 38467885 PMCID: PMC11144103 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is an immunologically rich organ, containing complex cell networks and dense lymphoid structures that safeguard this large absorptive barrier from pathogens, contribute to tissue physiology and support mucosal healing. Simultaneously, the immune system must remain tolerant to innocuous dietary antigens and trillions of normally beneficial microorganisms colonizing the intestine. Indeed, a dysfunctional immune response in the intestine underlies the pathogenesis of numerous local and systemic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, food allergy, chronic enteric infections or cancers. Here, we discuss group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which have emerged as orchestrators of tissue physiology, immunity, inflammation, tolerance and malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract. ILC3s are abundant in the developing and healthy intestine but their numbers or function are altered during chronic disease and cancer. The latest studies provide new insights into the mechanisms by which ILC3s fundamentally shape intestinal homeostasis or disease pathophysiology, and often this functional dichotomy depends on context and complex interactions with other cell types or microorganisms. Finally, we consider how this knowledge could be harnessed to improve current treatments or provoke new opportunities for therapeutic intervention to promote gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Horn
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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6
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Serafini N, Di Santo JP. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells: A trained Gutkeeper. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:126-137. [PMID: 38491842 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are tissue-resident immune lymphocytes that critically regulate intestinal homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. ILC3s possess the capacity to "sense" the inflammatory environment within tissues, especially in the context of pathogen challenges that imprints durable non-antigen-specific changes in ILC3 function. As such, ILC3s become a new actor in the emerging field of trained innate immunity. Here, we summarize recent discoveries regarding ILC3 responses to bacterial challenges and the role these encounters play in triggering trained innate immunity. We further discuss how signaling events throughout ILC3 ontogeny potentially control the development and function of trained ILC3s. Finally, we highlight the open questions surrounding ILC3 "training" the answers to which may reveal new insights into innate immunity. Understanding the fundamental concepts behind trained innate immunity could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for improving immunity-based modulation therapies for inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Serafini
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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7
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Zhang A, Yin Y, Tian J, Wang X, Yue Z, Pei L, Liu L, Qin L, Jia M, Wang H, Ma Q, Gao WB, Cao LL. The close association of micronutrients with COVID-19. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28629. [PMID: 38590883 PMCID: PMC11000022 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study was conducted to explore the performance of micronutrients in the prediction and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods This is an observational case-control study. 149 normal controls (NCs) and 214 COVID-19 patients were included in this study. Fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, and inorganic elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. A logistic regression model based on six micronutrients were constructed using DxAI platform. Results Many micronutrients were dysregulated in COVID-19 compared to normal control (NC). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), calcium (Ca) and vitamin B6 (pyridoxic acid, PA) were significantly independent risk factors for COVID-19. The logistic regression model consisted of 25(OH)D3, Mg, Cu, Ca, vitamin B5 (VB5) and PA was developed, and displayed a strong discriminative capability to differentiate COVID-19 patients from NC individuals [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) = 0.901]. In addition, the model had great predictive ability in discriminating mild/normal COVID-19 patients from NC individuals (AUROC = 0.883). Conclusions Our study showed that micronutrients were associated with COVID-19, and our logistic regression model based on six micronutrients has potential in clinical management of COVID-19, and will be useful for prediction of COVID-19 and screening of high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Jiashu Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Xialin Wang
- Beckman Coulter Commercial Enterprise Co. Ltd., No.518 Fuquan North Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihong Yue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, No. 12 Jiefang Middle Road, Jilin, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Jia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Qingwei Ma
- Bioyong Technologies Inc., Dewei Science Park, No.12 Kechuang 13th Street, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-bo Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Lin Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
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8
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Zaiss DMW, Pearce EJ, Artis D, McKenzie ANJ, Klose CSN. Cooperation of ILC2s and T H2 cells in the expulsion of intestinal helminth parasites. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:294-302. [PMID: 37798539 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 immune responses form a critical defence against enteric worm infections. In recent years, mouse models have revealed shared and unique functions for group 2 innate lymphoid cells and T helper 2 cells in type 2 immune response to intestinal helminths. Both cell types use similar innate effector functions at the site of infection, whereas each population has distinct roles during different stages of infection. In this Perspective, we review the underlying mechanisms used by group 2 innate lymphoid cells and T helper 2 cells to cooperate with each other and suggest an overarching model of the interplay between these cell types over the course of a helminth infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar M W Zaiss
- Department of Immune Medicine, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute for Immunotherapy (LIT), Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Christoph S N Klose
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Joldrichsen MR, Kim E, Steiner HE, Jeong YJ, Premanandan C, Hsueh W, Ziouzenkova O, Cormet-Boyaka E, Boyaka PN. Loss of Paneth cells dysregulates gut ILC subsets and enhances weight gain response to high fat diet in a mouse model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.29.587349. [PMID: 38617293 PMCID: PMC11014498 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.29.587349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with dysbiosis, but innate mechanisms linking intestinal epithelial cell subsets and obesity remain poorly understood. Using mice lacking Paneth cells (Sox9 ΔIEC mice), small intestinal epithelial cells specialized in the production of antimicrobial products and cytokines, we show that dysbiosis alone does not induce obesity or metabolic disorders. Loss of Paneth cells reduced ILC3 and increased ILC2 numbers in the intestinal lamina propria. High-fat diet (HFD) induced higher weight gain and more severe metabolic disorders in Sox9 ΔIEC mice. Further, HFD enhances the number of ILC1 in the intestinal lamina propria of Sox9 ΔIEC mice and increases intestinal permeability and the accumulation of immune cells (inflammatory macrophages and T cells, and B cells) in abdominal fat tissues of obese Sox9 ΔIEC . Transplantation of fecal materials from Sox9 ΔIEC mice in germ-free mice before HFD further confirmed the regulatory role of Paneth cells for gut ILC subsets and the development of obesity.
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10
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Min KY, Kim DK, Jo MG, Choi MY, Lee D, Park JW, Park YJ, Chung Y, Kim YM, Park YM, Kim HS, Choi WS. IL-27-induced PD-L1 highSca-1 + innate lymphoid cells suppress contact hypersensitivity in an IL-10-dependent manner. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:616-629. [PMID: 38424193 PMCID: PMC10984996 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play an important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and various inflammatory responses. ILCs are typically classified into three subsets, as is the case for T-cells. Recent studies have reported that IL-10-producing type 2 ILCs (ILC210s) have an immunoregulatory function dependent on IL-10. However, the surface markers of ILC210s and the role of ILC210s in contact hypersensitivity (CHS) are largely unknown. Our study revealed that splenic ILC210s are extensively included in PD-L1highSca-1+ ILCs and that IL-27 amplifies the development of PD-L1highSca-1+ ILCs and ILC210s. Adoptive transfer of PD-L1highSca-1+ ILCs suppressed oxazolone-induced CHS in an IL-10-dependent manner Taken together, our results demonstrate that ILC210s are critical for the control of CHS and suggest that ILC210s can be used as target cells for the treatment of CHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keun Young Min
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Kyun Kim
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, 54531, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Geun Jo
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Yeong Choi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Lee
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Won Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science and Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonseok Chung
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mi Kim
- Department of Preventive Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Min Park
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Soon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science and Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Chungju, 27478, Republic of Korea.
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Israelson H, Vedsted-Jakobsen A, Zhu L, Gagnaire A, von Münchow A, Polakovicova N, Valente AH, Raza A, Andersen-Civil AIS, Olsen JE, Myhill LJ, Geldhof P, Williams AR. Diet composition drives tissue-specific intensity of murine enteric infections. mBio 2024; 15:e0260323. [PMID: 38179939 PMCID: PMC10865784 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02603-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet composition plays a large role in regulating gut health and enteric infection. In particular, synthetic "Western-style" diets may predispose to disease, while whole-grain diets containing high levels of crude fiber are thought to promote gut health. Here, we show that, in contrast to this paradigm, mice fed with unrefined chow are significantly more susceptible to infection with Trichuris muris, a caecum-dwelling nematode, than mice fed with refined, semi-synthetic diets (SSDs). Moreover, mice fed with SSD supplemented with inulin, a fermentable fiber, developed chronic T. muris burdens, whereas mice fed with SSD efficiently cleared the infection. Diet composition significantly impacted infection-induced changes in the host gut microbiome. Mice infected with the bacterium Citrobacter rodentium were also more susceptible to pathogen colonization when fed with either chow or inulin-enriched SSD. However, transcriptomic analysis of tissues from mice fed with either SSD or inulin-enriched SSD revealed that, in contrast to T. muris, increased C. rodentium infection appeared to be independent of the host immune response. Accordingly, exogenous treatment with interleukin (IL)-25 reduced T. muris burdens in inulin-fed mice, whereas IL-22 treatment was unable to restore resistance to C. rodentium colonization. Diet-mediated effects on pathogen burden were more pronounced for large intestine-dwelling pathogens, as effects on small the intestinal helminth (Heligmosomoides polygyrus) were less evident, and protozoan (Giardia muris) infection burdens were equivalent in mice fed with chow, inulin-enriched SSD, or SSD, despite higher cyst excretion in chow-fed mice. Collectively, our results point to a tissue- and pathogen-restricted effect of dietary fiber levels on enteric infection intensity.IMPORTANCEEnteric infections induce dysbiosis and inflammation and are a major public health burden. As the gut environment is strongly shaped by diet, the role of different dietary components in promoting resistance to infection is of interest. While diets rich in fiber or whole grain are normally associated with improved gut health, we show here that these components predispose the host to higher levels of pathogen infection. Thus, our results have significance for interpreting how different dietary interventions may impact on gastrointestinal infections. Moreover, our results may shed light on our understanding of how gut flora and mucosal immune function is influenced by the food that we eat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Israelson
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Amalie Vedsted-Jakobsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Aurelie Gagnaire
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Alexandra von Münchow
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Nina Polakovicova
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Angela H. Valente
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ali Raza
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Audrey I. S. Andersen-Civil
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - John E. Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Laura J. Myhill
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Peter Geldhof
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Parasitology, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Andrew R. Williams
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Fol M, Karpik W, Zablotni A, Kulesza J, Kulesza E, Godkowicz M, Druszczynska M. Innate Lymphoid Cells and Their Role in the Immune Response to Infections. Cells 2024; 13:335. [PMID: 38391948 PMCID: PMC10886880 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, a group of lymphocyte-like cells called innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has gained considerable attention due to their crucial role in regulating immunity and tissue homeostasis. ILCs, lacking antigen-specific receptors, are a group of functionally differentiated effector cells that act as tissue-resident sentinels against infections. Numerous studies have elucidated the characteristics of ILC subgroups, but the mechanisms controlling protective or pathological responses to pathogens still need to be better understood. This review summarizes the functions of ILCs in the immunology of infections caused by different intracellular and extracellular pathogens and discusses their possible therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Fol
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.F.); (W.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Wojciech Karpik
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.F.); (W.K.); (M.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Zablotni
- Department of Bacterial Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jakub Kulesza
- Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-347 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Kulesza
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 90-549 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Godkowicz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.F.); (W.K.); (M.G.)
- Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, The Bio-Med-Chem Doctoral School, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Druszczynska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (M.F.); (W.K.); (M.G.)
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13
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Ohara D, Takeuchi Y, Watanabe H, Lee Y, Mukoyama H, Ohteki T, Kondoh G, Hirota K. Notch2 with retinoic acid license IL-23 expression by intestinal EpCAM+ DCIR2+ cDC2s in mice. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20230923. [PMID: 38180443 PMCID: PMC10770806 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20230923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of IL-23 in mucosal host defense and disease pathogenesis, the mechanisms regulating the development of IL-23-producing mononuclear phagocytes remain poorly understood. Here, we employed an Il23aVenus reporter strain to investigate the developmental identity and functional regulation of IL-23-producing cells. We showed that flagellin stimulation or Citrobacter rodentium infection led to robust induction of IL-23-producing EpCAM+ DCIR2+ CD103- cDC2s, termed cDCIL23, which was confined to gut-associated lymphoid tissues, including the mesenteric lymph nodes, cryptopatches, and isolated lymphoid follicles. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Notch2 signaling was crucial for the development of EpCAM+ DCIR2+ cDC2s, and the combination of Notch2 signaling with retinoic acid signaling controlled their terminal differentiation into cDCIL23, supporting a two-step model for the development of gut cDCIL23. Our findings provide fundamental insights into the developmental pathways and cellular dynamics of IL-23-producing cDC2s at steady state and during pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiya Ohara
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Takeuchi
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitomi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoonha Lee
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mukoyama
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohteki
- Department of Biodefense Research, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gen Kondoh
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiji Hirota
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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14
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I Kutyavin V, Korn LL, Medzhitov R. Nutrient-derived signals regulate eosinophil adaptation to the small intestine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316446121. [PMID: 38271336 PMCID: PMC10835075 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316446121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are well recognized as effector cells of type 2 immunity, yet they also accumulate in many tissues under homeostatic conditions. However, the processes that govern homeostatic eosinophil accumulation and tissue-specific adaptation, and their functional significance, remain poorly defined. Here, we investigated how eosinophils adapt to the small intestine (SI) microenvironment and the local signals that regulate this process. We observed that eosinophils gradually migrate along the crypt-villus axis, giving rise to a villus-resident subpopulation with a distinct transcriptional signature. Retinoic acid signaling was specifically required for maintenance of this subpopulation, while IL-5 was largely dispensable outside of its canonical role in eosinophil production. Surprisingly, we found that a high-protein diet suppressed the accumulation of villus-resident eosinophils. Purified amino acids were sufficient for this effect, which was a consequence of accelerated eosinophil turnover within the tissue microenvironment and was not due to altered development in the bone marrow. Our study provides insight into the process of eosinophil adaptation to the SI, highlighting its reliance on nutrient-derived signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassily I Kutyavin
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Lisa L Korn
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
- HHMI, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
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15
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Yang H, Huang YX, Xiong PY, Li JQ, Chen JL, Liu X, Gong YJ, Ding WJ. Possible connection between intestinal tuft cells, ILC2s and obesity. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1266667. [PMID: 38283340 PMCID: PMC10811205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1266667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal tuft cells (TCs) are defined as chemosensory cells that can "taste" danger and induce immune responses. They play a critical role in gastrointestinal parasite invasion, inflammatory bowel diseases and high-fat diet-induced obesity. Intestinal IL-25, the unique product of TCs, is a key activator of type 2 immunity, especially to promote group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) to secret IL-13. Then the IL-13 mainly promotes intestinal stem cell (ISCs) proliferation into TCs and goblet cells. This pathway formulates the circuit in the intestine. This paper focuses on the potential role of the intestinal TC, ILC2 and their circuit in obesity-induced intestinal damage, and discussion on further study and the potential therapeutic target in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Xing Huang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei-Yu Xiong
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Qian Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Lan Chen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Ju Gong
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Jun Ding
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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16
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Peña-Juárez MC, Guadarrama-Escobar OR, Serrano-Castañeda P, Méndez-Albores A, Vázquez-Durán A, Vera-Graziano R, Rodríguez-Pérez B, Salgado-Machuca M, Anguiano-Almazán E, Morales-Florido MI, Rodríguez-Cruz IM, Escobar-Chávez JJ. Synergistic Effect of Retinoic Acid and Lactoferrin in the Maintenance of Gut Homeostasis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:78. [PMID: 38254678 PMCID: PMC10813542 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein that binds to iron ions (Fe2+) and other metallic ions, such as Mg2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+, and has antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. The antibacterial properties of LF are due to its ability to sequester iron. The immunomodulatory capability of LF promotes homeostasis in the enteric environment, acting directly on the beneficial microbiota. LF can modulate antigen-presenting cell (APC) biology, including migration and cell activation. Nonetheless, some gut microbiota strains produce toxic metabolites, and APCs are responsible for initiating the process that inhibits the inflammatory response against them. Thus, eliminating harmful strains lowers the risk of inducing chronic inflammation, and consequently, metabolic disease, which can progress to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). LF and retinoic acid (RA) exhibit immunomodulatory properties such as decreasing cytokine production, thus modifying the inflammatory response. Their activities have been observed both in vitro and in vivo. The combined, simultaneous effect of these molecules has not been studied; however, the synergistic effect of LF and RA may be employed for enhancing the secretion of humoral factors, such as IgA. We speculate that the combination of LF and RA could be a potential prophylactic alternative for the treatment of metabolic dysregulations such as T2DM. The present review focuses on the importance of a healthy diet for a balanced gut and describes how probiotics and prebiotics with immunomodulatory activity as well as inductors of differentiation and cell proliferation could be acquired directly from the diet or indirectly through the oral administration of formulations aimed to maintain gut health or restore a eubiotic state in an intestinal environment that has been dysregulated by external factors such as stress and a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma. Concepción Peña-Juárez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Omar Rodrigo Guadarrama-Escobar
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Pablo Serrano-Castañeda
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Abraham Méndez-Albores
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-14 (Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materiales), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (A.M.-A.); (A.V.-D.)
| | - Alma Vázquez-Durán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-14 (Ciencia y Tecnología de los Materiales), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (A.M.-A.); (A.V.-D.)
| | - Ricardo Vera-Graziano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-360, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Betsabé Rodríguez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Servicio de Análisis de Propóleos (LASAP), Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria (UIM), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico;
| | - Mariana Salgado-Machuca
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Ericka Anguiano-Almazán
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
| | - Miriam Isabel Morales-Florido
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
- Laboratorio de Farmacia Molecular y Liberación Controlada, Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - Isabel Marlene Rodríguez-Cruz
- Unidad de Enseñanza e Investigación, Hospital Regional e Alta Especialidad de Sumpango, Carretera Zumpango-Jilotzingo #400, Barrio de Santiago, 2ª Sección, Zumpango 55600, Mexico;
| | - José Juan Escobar-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria Lab-12 (Sistemas Transdérmicos y Materiales Nanoestructurados), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Cuautitlán Teoloyucan, Km 2.5, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Mexico; (M.C.P.-J.); (O.R.G.-E.); (P.S.-C.); (M.S.-M.); (E.A.-A.); (M.I.M.-F.)
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17
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Wu D, Khan FA, Zhang K, Pandupuspitasari NS, Negara W, Guan K, Sun F, Huang C. Retinoic acid signaling in development and differentiation commitment and its regulatory topology. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110773. [PMID: 37977248 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA), the derivative of vitamin A/retinol, is a signaling molecule with important implications in health and disease. It is a well-known developmental morphogen that functions mainly through the transcriptional activity of nuclear RA receptors (RARs) and, uncommonly, through other nuclear receptors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Intracellular RA is under spatiotemporally fine-tuned regulation by synthesis and degradation processes catalyzed by retinaldehyde dehydrogenases and P450 family enzymes, respectively. In addition to dictating the transcription architecture, RA also impinges on cell functioning through non-genomic mechanisms independent of RAR transcriptional activity. Although RA-based differentiation therapy has achieved impressive success in the treatment of hematologic malignancies, RA also has pro-tumor activity. Here, we highlight the relevance of RA signaling in cell-fate determination, neurogenesis, visual function, inflammatory responses and gametogenesis commitment. Genetic and post-translational modifications of RAR are also discussed. A better understanding of RA signaling will foster the development of precision medicine to improve the defects caused by deregulated RA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Faheem Ahmed Khan
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat, 10340, Indonesia
| | - Kejia Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | | | - Windu Negara
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta Pusat, 10340, Indonesia
| | - Kaifeng Guan
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Fei Sun
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Chunjie Huang
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
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18
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Shaikh N, Waterhölter A, Gnirck AC, Becker M, Adamiak V, Henneken L, Wunderlich M, Hartmann W, Linnemann L, Huber TB, Krebs CF, Panzer U, Locksley RM, Wilhelm C, Breloer M, Turner JE. Retinoic acid drives intestine-specific adaptation of effector ILC2s originating from distant sites. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221015. [PMID: 37773047 PMCID: PMC10541314 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of immune cells to tissue-specific microenvironments is a crucial process in homeostasis and inflammation. Here, we show that murine effector type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) from various organs are equally effective in repopulating ILC2 niches in other anatomical locations where they adapt tissue-specific phenotypes of target organs. Single-cell transcriptomics of ILC2 populations revealed upregulation of retinoic acid (RA) signaling in ILC2s during adaptation to the small intestinal microenvironment, and RA signaling mediated reprogramming of kidney effector ILC2s toward the small intestinal phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of intestinal ILC2 adaptation by blocking RA signaling impaired worm expulsion during Strongyloides ratti infection, indicating functional importance of ILC2 tissue imprinting. In conclusion, this study highlights that effector ILC2s retain the ability to adapt to changing tissue-specific microenvironments, enabling them to exert tissue-specific functions, such as promoting control of intestinal helminth infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhat Shaikh
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alex Waterhölter
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Gnirck
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Becker
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Virginia Adamiak
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Henneken
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Malte Wunderlich
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hartmann
- Helminth Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lara Linnemann
- Helminth Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B. Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian F. Krebs
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Division of Translational Immunology, III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard M. Locksley
- Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christoph Wilhelm
- Unit for Immunopathology, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Minka Breloer
- Helminth Immunology Group, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Zang Y, Liu S, Rao Z, Wang Y, Zhang B, Li H, Cao Y, Zhou J, Shen Z, Duan S, He D, Xu H. Retinoid X receptor gamma dictates the activation threshold of group 2 innate lymphoid cells and limits type 2 inflammation in the small intestine. Immunity 2023; 56:2542-2554.e7. [PMID: 37714152 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are crucial in promoting type 2 inflammation that contributes to both anti-parasite immunity and allergic diseases. However, the molecular checkpoints in ILC2s that determine whether to immediately launch a proinflammatory response are unknown. Here, we found that retinoid X receptor gamma (Rxrg) was highly expressed in small intestinal ILC2s and rapidly suppressed by alarmin cytokines. Genetic deletion of Rxrg did not impact ILC2 development but facilitated ILC2 responses and the tissue inflammation induced by alarmins. Mechanistically, RXRγ maintained the expression of its target genes that support intracellular cholesterol efflux, which in turn reduce ILC2 proliferation. Furthermore, RXRγ expression prevented ILC2 response to mild stimulations, including low doses of alarmin cytokine and mechanical skin injury. Together, we propose that RXRγ expression and its mediated lipid metabolic states function as a cell-intrinsic checkpoint that confers the threshold of ILC2 activation in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Systems Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaorui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Systems Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zebing Rao
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Systems Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Systems Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Boya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Systems Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Systems Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingjiao Cao
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Ministry of Education, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease of the Ministry of Education, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhuxia Shen
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Shengzhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Danyang He
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
| | - Heping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Systems Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.
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20
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Wan T, Wang Y, He K, Zhu S. Microbial sensing in the intestine. Protein Cell 2023; 14:824-860. [PMID: 37191444 PMCID: PMC10636641 DOI: 10.1093/procel/pwad028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a key role in host health and disease, particularly through their interactions with the immune system. Intestinal homeostasis is dependent on the symbiotic relationships between the host and the diverse gut microbiota, which is influenced by the highly co-evolved immune-microbiota interactions. The first step of the interaction between the host and the gut microbiota is the sensing of the gut microbes by the host immune system. In this review, we describe the cells of the host immune system and the proteins that sense the components and metabolites of the gut microbes. We further highlight the essential roles of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the nuclear receptors expressed in the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and the intestine-resident immune cells. We also discuss the mechanisms by which the disruption of microbial sensing because of genetic or environmental factors causes human diseases such as the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yalong Wang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Kaixin He
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Department of Digestive Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230601, China
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21
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Lee IS, Van Dyken SJ. Both Horatio and Polonius: Innate Lymphoid Cells in Tissue Homeostasis and Repair. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:729-736. [PMID: 37916861 PMCID: PMC10695417 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have emerged as critical tissue-resident lymphocytes that coordinate responses to environmental stress and injury. Traditionally, their function was thought to mirror adaptive lymphocytes that respond to specific pathogens. However, recent work has uncovered a more central role for ILCs in maintaining homeostasis even in the absence of infection. ILCs are now better conceptualized as an environmental rheostat that helps maintain the local tissue setpoint during environmental challenge by integrating sensory stimuli to direct homeostatic barrier and repair programs. In this article, we trace the developmental origins of ILCs, relate how ILCs sense danger signals, and describe their subsequent engagement of appropriate repair responses using a general paradigm of ILCs functioning as central controllers in tissue circuits. We propose that these interactions form the basis for how ILC subsets maintain organ function and organismal homeostasis, with important implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intelly S. Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Steven J. Van Dyken
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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22
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Wu D, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ren G, Zeng Y, Liu H, Guan W, Zhao X, Li P, Hu L, Hou Z, Gong J, Li J, Jin W, Hu Z, Jiang C, Li H, Zhong C. Proline uptake promotes activation of lymphoid tissue inducer cells to maintain gut homeostasis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1953-1968. [PMID: 37857730 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00908-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic regulation is integral to the proper functioning of innate lymphoid cells, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that disruption of exogenous proline uptake, either through dietary restriction or by deficiency of the proline transporter Slc6a7, in lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells, impairs LTi activation and aggravates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. With an integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, we profile the metabolic characteristics of various innate lymphoid cell subsets and reveal a notable enrichment of proline metabolism in LTi cells. Mechanistically, defective proline uptake diminishes the generation of reactive oxygen species, previously known to facilitate LTi activation. Additionally, LTi cells deficient in Slc6a7 display downregulation of Cebpb and Kdm6b, resulting in compromised transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of interleukin-22. Furthermore, our study uncovers the therapeutic potential of proline supplementation in alleviating colitis. Therefore, these findings shed light on the role of proline in facilitating LTi activation and ultimately contributing to gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zongxian Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yime Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yinlian Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guanqun Ren
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyu Zeng
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Luni Hu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Hou
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfei Jin
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Houhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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23
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López-Fandiño R, Molina E, Lozano-Ojalvo D. Intestinal factors promoting the development of RORγt + cells and oral tolerance. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1294292. [PMID: 37936708 PMCID: PMC10626553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1294292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract has to harmonize the two seemingly opposite functions of fulfilling nutritional needs and avoiding the entry of pathogens, toxins and agents that can cause physical damage. This balance requires a constant adjustment of absorptive and defending functions by sensing environmental changes or noxious substances and initiating adaptive or protective mechanisms against them through a complex network of receptors integrated with the central nervous system that communicate with cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. Effective homeostatic processes at barrier sites take the responsibility for oral tolerance, which protects from adverse reactions to food that cause allergic diseases. During a very specific time interval in early life, the establishment of a stable microbiota in the large intestine is sufficient to prevent pathological events in adulthood towards a much larger bacterial community and provide tolerance towards diverse food antigens encountered later in life. The beneficial effects of the microbiome are mainly exerted by innate and adaptive cells that express the transcription factor RORγt, in whose generation, mediated by different bacterial metabolites, retinoic acid signalling plays a predominant role. In addition, recent investigations indicate that food antigens also contribute, analogously to microbial-derived signals, to educating innate immune cells and instructing the development and function of RORγt+ cells in the small intestine, complementing and expanding the tolerogenic effect of the microbiome in the colon. This review addresses the mechanisms through which microbiota-produced metabolites and dietary antigens maintain intestinal homeostasis, highlighting the complementarity and redundancy between their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosina López-Fandiño
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación (CIAL), CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
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24
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Xu G(B, Pan YX, Mei W, Chen H. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing (scRNA-seq) Identifies L1CAM as a Key Mediator between Epithelial Tuft Cell and Innate Lymphoid Cell in the Colon of Hnrnp I Knockout Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2734. [PMID: 37893107 PMCID: PMC10604312 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Knockout (KO) of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein I (Hnrnp I) in mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) induced a severe inflammatory response in the colon, followed by hyperproliferation. This study aimed to investigate the epithelial lineage dynamics and cell-cell communications that underlie inflammation and colitis. (2) Methods: Single cells were isolated from the colons of wildtype (WT) and KO mice and used in scRNA-seq. Whole colons were collected for immunofluorescence staining and cytokine assays. (3) Results: from scRNA-seq, the number of DCLK1 + colonic tuft cells was significantly higher in the Hnrnp I KO mice compared to the WT mice. This was confirmed by immunofluorescent staining of DCLK1. The DCLK1 + colonic tuft cells in KO mice developed unique communications with lymphocytes via interactions between surface L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) and integrins. In the KO mice colons, a significantly elevated level of inflammatory cytokines IL4, IL6, and IL13 were observed, which marks type-2 immune responses directed by group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). (4) Conclusions: This study demonstrates one critical cellular function of colonic tuft cells, which facilitates type-2 immune responses by communicating with ILC2s via the L1CAM-integrins interaction. This communication promotes pro-inflammatory signaling pathways in ILC2, leading to the increased secretion of inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanying (Bianca) Xu
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (G.X.); (Y.-X.P.)
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (G.X.); (Y.-X.P.)
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Wenyan Mei
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; (G.X.); (Y.-X.P.)
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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25
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Huang Y, Zhu L, Cheng S, Dai R, Huang C, Song Y, Peng B, Li X, Wen J, Gong Y, Hu Y, Qian L, Zhu L, Zhang F, Yu L, Yi C, Gu W, Ling Z, Ma L, Tang W, Peng L, Shi G, Zhang Y, Sun B. Solar ultraviolet B radiation promotes α-MSH secretion to attenuate the function of ILC2s via the pituitary-lung axis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5601. [PMID: 37699899 PMCID: PMC10497598 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41319-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulatory effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in human diseases have been described. Whether type 2 lung inflammation is directly affected by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is not fully understood. Here, we show a possible negative correlation between solar UVB radiation and asthmatic inflammation in humans and mice. UVB exposure to the eyes induces hypothalamus-pituitary activation and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) accumulation in the serum to suppress allergic airway inflammation by targeting group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) through the MC5R receptor in mice. The α-MSH/MC5R interaction limits ILC2 function through attenuation of JAK/STAT and NF-κB signaling. Consistently, we observe that the plasma α-MSH concentration is negatively correlated with the number and function of ILC2s in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with asthma. We provide insights into how solar UVB radiation-driven neuroendocrine α-MSH restricts ILC2-mediated lung inflammation and offer a possible strategy for controlling allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shipeng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ranran Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunrong Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Song
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuezhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Gong
- Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunqian Hu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyun Zhu
- Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengying Zhang
- Shanghai Putuo District People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangpeng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyang Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai Meteorological Service, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guochao Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yaguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Med-X Institute, Center for Immunological and Metabolic Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
| | - Bing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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26
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Yoo JS, Oh SF. Unconventional immune cells in the gut mucosal barrier: regulation by symbiotic microbiota. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1905-1912. [PMID: 37696893 PMCID: PMC10545787 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian gut is the most densely colonized organ by microbial species, which are in constant contact with the host throughout life. Hosts have developed multifaceted cellular and molecular mechanisms to distinguish and respond to benign and pathogenic bacteria. In addition to relatively well-characterized innate and adaptive immune cells, a growing body of evidence shows additional important players in gut mucosal immunity. Among them, unconventional immune cells, including innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and unconventional T cells, are essential for maintaining homeostasis. These cells rapidly respond to bacterial signals and bridge the innate immunity and adaptive immunity in the mucosal barrier. Here, we focus on the types and roles of these immune cells in physiological and pathological conditions as prominent mechanisms by which the host immune system communicates with the gut microbiota in health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sun Yoo
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sungwhan F Oh
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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27
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Wang R, Cui W, Yang H. The interplay between innate lymphoid cells and microbiota. mBio 2023; 14:e0039923. [PMID: 37318214 PMCID: PMC10470585 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00399-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are mainly resident in mucosal tissues such as gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract, so they are closely linked to the microbiota. ILCs can protect commensals to maintain homeostasis and increase resistance to pathogens. Moreover, ILCs also play an early role in defense against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms including pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, before the intervention of adaptive immune system. Due to the lack of adaptive antigen receptors expressed on T cells and B cells, ILCs need to use other means to sense the signals of microbiota and play a role in corresponding regulation. In this review, we focus on and summarize three major mechanisms used in the interaction between ILCs and microbiota: the mediation of accessory cells represented by dendritic cells; the metabolic pathways of microbiota or diet; the participation of adaptive immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Cui
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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28
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Jung DK, Tan ST, Hemlock C, Mertens AN, Stewart CP, Rahman MZ, Ali S, Raqib R, Grembi JA, Karim MR, Shahriar S, Roy AK, Abdelrahman S, Shoab AK, Famida SL, Hossen MS, Mutsuddi P, Akther S, Rahman M, Unicomb L, Hester L, Granger DA, Erhardt J, Naved RT, Al Mamun MM, Parvin K, Colford JM, Fernald LC, Luby SP, Dhabhar FS, Lin A. Micronutrient status during pregnancy is associated with child immune status in rural Bangladesh. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:101969. [PMID: 37560460 PMCID: PMC10407622 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.101969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Poor immune function increases children's risk of infection and mortality. Several maternal factors during pregnancy may affect infant immune function during the postnatal period. Objectives We aimed to evaluate whether maternal micronutrients, stress, estriol, and immune status during the first or second trimester of pregnancy were associated with child immune status in the first two years after birth. Methods We conducted observational analyses within the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) Benefits Bangladesh randomized controlled trial. We measured biomarkers in 575 pregnant women and postnatally in their children. Maternal biomarkers measured during the first and second trimester of pregnancy included nutrition status via vitamin D (25-hydroxy-D [25(OH)D]), ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), and retinol-binding protein (RBP); cortisol; estriol. Immune markers were assessed in pregnant women at enrollment and their children at ages 14 and 28 mo, including C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), and 13 cytokines (including IFN-γ). We generated a standardized sum score of log-transformed cytokines. We analyzed IFN-γ individually because it is a critical immunoregulatory cytokine. All outcomes were prespecified. We used generalized additive models and reported the mean difference and 95% confidence intervals at the 25th and 75th percentiles of exposure distribution. Results At child age 14 mo, concentrations of maternal RBP were inversely associated with the cytokine sum score in children (-0.34 adjusted difference between the 25th and 75th percentile [95% confidence interval -0.61, -0.07]), and maternal vitamin A deficiency was positively associated with the cytokine sum score in children (1.02 [0.13, 1.91]). At child age of 28 mo, maternal RBP was positively associated with IFN-γ in children (0.07 [0.01, 0.14]), whereas maternal vitamin A deficiency was negatively associated with child AGP (-0.07 [-0.13, -0.02]). Maternal iron deficiency was associated with higher AGP concentrations in children at age 14 mo (0.13 [0.04, 0.23]), and maternal sTfR concentrations were positively associated with child CRP concentrations at age 28 mo (0.18 [0, 0.36]). Conclusion Maternal deficiencies in vitamin A or iron during the first 2 trimesters of pregnancy may shape the trajectory of a child's immune status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Kyung Jung
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Sophia T. Tan
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Caitlin Hemlock
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Andrew N. Mertens
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Christine P. Stewart
- Institute for Global Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Md Ziaur Rahman
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Shahjahan Ali
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Jessica A. Grembi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Mohammed Rabiul Karim
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Sunny Shahriar
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Anjan Kumar Roy
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Sarah Abdelrahman
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Abul K. Shoab
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Syeda L. Famida
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saheen Hossen
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Palash Mutsuddi
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Salma Akther
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubur Rahman
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Leanne Unicomb
- Environmental Interventions Unit, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Lisa Hester
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Douglas A. Granger
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Md Mahfuz Al Mamun
- Health System and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kausar Parvin
- Health System and Population Studies Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - John M. Colford
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Lia C.H. Fernald
- Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Stephen P. Luby
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Firdaus S. Dhabhar
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Audrie Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
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29
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Florsheim EB, Bachtel ND, Cullen JL, Lima BGC, Godazgar M, Carvalho F, Chatain CP, Zimmer MR, Zhang C, Gautier G, Launay P, Wang A, Dietrich MO, Medzhitov R. Immune sensing of food allergens promotes avoidance behaviour. Nature 2023; 620:643-650. [PMID: 37437602 PMCID: PMC10432274 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its canonical function of protection from pathogens, the immune system can also alter behaviour1,2. The scope and mechanisms of behavioural modifications by the immune system are not yet well understood. Here, using mouse models of food allergy, we show that allergic sensitization drives antigen-specific avoidance behaviour. Allergen ingestion activates brain areas involved in the response to aversive stimuli, including the nucleus of tractus solitarius, parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala. Allergen avoidance requires immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies and mast cells but precedes the development of gut allergic inflammation. The ability of allergen-specific IgE and mast cells to promote avoidance requires cysteinyl leukotrienes and growth and differentiation factor 15. Finally, a comparison of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mouse strains revealed a strong effect of the genetic background on the avoidance behaviour. These findings thus point to antigen-specific behavioural modifications that probably evolved to promote niche selection to avoid unfavourable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther B Florsheim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Biodesign Institute, Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Nathaniel D Bachtel
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaime L Cullen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bruna G C Lima
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mahdieh Godazgar
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fernando Carvalho
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carolina P Chatain
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marcelo R Zimmer
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gregory Gautier
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS EMR8252, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS EMR8252, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marcelo O Dietrich
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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30
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Alisjahbana A, Mohammad I, Gao Y, Evren E, Willinger T. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human lung innate lymphoid cells in the vascular and tissue niche reveals molecular features of tissue adaptation. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 2:kyad007. [PMID: 38650756 PMCID: PMC11034571 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are sentinels of healthy organ function, yet it is unknown how ILCs adapt to distinct anatomical niches within tissues. Here, we used a unique humanized mouse model, MISTRG mice transplanted with human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), to define the gene signatures of human ILCs in the vascular versus the tissue (extravascular) compartment of the lung. Single-cell RNA sequencing in combination with intravascular cell labeling demonstrated that heterogeneous populations of human ILCs and natural killer (NK) cells occupied the vascular and tissue niches in the lung of HSPC-engrafted MISTRG mice. Moreover, we discovered that niche-specific cues shape the molecular programs of human ILCs in the distinct sub-anatomical compartments of the lung. Specifically, extravasation of ILCs into the lung tissue was associated with the upregulation of genes involved in the acquisition of tissue residency, cell positioning within the lung, sensing of tissue-derived signals, cellular stress responses, nutrient uptake, and interaction with other tissue-resident immune cells. We also defined a core tissue signature shared between human ILCs and NK cells in the extravascular space of the lung, consistent with imprinting by signals from the local microenvironment. The molecular characterization of human ILCs and NK cells in the vascular and tissue niches of the lung provides new knowledge on the mechanisms of ILC tissue adaptation and represents a resource for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlisa Alisjahbana
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Imran Mohammad
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford Cancer Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elza Evren
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) with the CPC-M bioArchive/Institute of Lung Health and Immunity (LHI), Helmholtz Zentrum München; Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Willinger
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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31
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Valente AH, Jensen KMR, Myhill LJ, Zhu L, Mentzel CMJ, Krych L, Simonsen HT, Castro-Mejía JL, Gobbi A, Bach Knudsen KE, Nielsen DS, Thamsborg SM, Williams AR. Dietary non-starch polysaccharides impair immunity to enteric nematode infection. BMC Biol 2023; 21:138. [PMID: 37316905 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of diet on immune function and resistance to enteric infection and disease is becoming ever more established. Highly processed, refined diets can lead to inflammation and gut microbiome dysbiosis, whilst health-promoting dietary components such as phytonutrients and fermentable fibres are thought to promote a healthy microbiome and balanced mucosal immunity. Chicory (Cichorium intybus) is a leafy green vegetable rich in fibres and bioactive compounds that may promote gut health. RESULTS Unexpectedly, we here show that incorporation of chicory into semisynthetic AIN93G diets renders mice susceptible to infection with enteric helminths. Mice fed a high level of chicory leaves (10% dry matter) had a more diverse gut microbiota, but a diminished type-2 immune response to infection with the intestinal roundworm Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Furthermore, the chicory-supplemented diet significantly increased burdens of the caecum-dwelling whipworm Trichuris muris, concomitant with a highly skewed type-1 immune environment in caecal tissue. The chicory-supplemented diet was rich in non-starch polysaccharides, particularly uronic acids (the monomeric constituents of pectin). In accordance, mice fed pectin-supplemented AIN93G diets had higher T. muris burdens and reduced IgE production and expression of genes involved in type-2 immunity. Importantly, treatment of pectin-fed mice with exogenous IL-25 restored type-2 responses and was sufficient to allow T. muris expulsion. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our data suggest that increasing levels of fermentable, non-starch polysaccharides in refined diets compromises immunity to helminth infection in mice. This diet-infection interaction may inform new strategies for manipulating the gut environment to promote resistance to enteric parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela H Valente
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Karen M R Jensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Laura J Myhill
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Caroline M J Mentzel
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Lukasz Krych
- Departmet of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Henrik T Simonsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Alex Gobbi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Dennis S Nielsen
- Departmet of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Stig M Thamsborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Andrew R Williams
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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32
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Li JH, Hepworth MR, O'Sullivan TE. Regulation of systemic metabolism by tissue-resident immune cell circuits. Immunity 2023; 56:1168-1186. [PMID: 37315533 PMCID: PMC10321269 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that tissue homeostasis and metabolic function are dependent on distinct tissue-resident immune cells that form functional cell circuits with structural cells. Within these cell circuits, immune cells integrate cues from dietary contents and commensal microbes in addition to endocrine and neuronal signals present in the tissue microenvironment to regulate structural cell metabolism. These tissue-resident immune circuits can become dysregulated during inflammation and dietary overnutrition, contributing to metabolic diseases. Here, we review the evidence describing key cellular networks within and between the liver, gastrointestinal tract, and adipose tissue that control systemic metabolism and how these cell circuits become dysregulated during certain metabolic diseases. We also identify open questions in the field that have the potential to enhance our understanding of metabolic health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joey H Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Timothy E O'Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 900953, USA.
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33
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Guo Y, Liu Y, Rui B, Lei Z, Ning X, Liu Y, Li M. Crosstalk between the gut microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in intestinal mucosal immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171680. [PMID: 37304260 PMCID: PMC10249960 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal mucosa is colonized by thousands of microorganisms, which participate in a variety of physiological functions. Intestinal dysbiosis is closely associated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which include NK cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s and LTi cells, are a type of innate immune cells. They are enriched in the mucosal tissues of the body, and have recently received extensive attention. The gut microbiota and its metabolites play important roles in various intestinal mucosal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), allergic disease, and cancer. Therefore, studies on ILCs and their interaction with the gut microbiota have great clinical significance owing to their potential for identifying pharmacotherapy targets for multiple related diseases. This review expounds on the progress in research on ILCs differentiation and development, the biological functions of the intestinal microbiota, and its interaction with ILCs in disease conditions in order to provide novel ideas for disease treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming Li
- *Correspondence: Yinhui Liu, ; Ming Li,
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34
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Kabat AM, Pearce EL, Pearce EJ. Metabolism in type 2 immune responses. Immunity 2023; 56:723-741. [PMID: 37044062 PMCID: PMC10938369 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
The immune response is tailored to the environment in which it takes place. Immune cells sense and adapt to changes in their surroundings, and it is now appreciated that in addition to cytokines made by stromal and epithelial cells, metabolic cues provide key adaptation signals. Changes in immune cell activation states are linked to changes in cellular metabolism that support function. Furthermore, metabolites themselves can signal between as well as within cells. Here, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of how metabolic regulation relates to type 2 immunity firstly by considering specifics of metabolism within type 2 immune cells and secondly by stressing how type 2 immune cells are integrated more broadly into the metabolism of the organism as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka M Kabat
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Edward J Pearce
- Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, and Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
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35
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Myhill LJ, Williams AR. Diet-microbiota crosstalk and immunity to helminth infection. Parasite Immunol 2023; 45:e12965. [PMID: 36571323 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Helminths are large multicellular parasites responsible for widespread chronic disease in humans and animals. Intestinal helminths live in close proximity with the host gut microbiota and mucosal immune network, resulting in reciprocal interactions that closely influence the course of infections. Diet composition may strongly regulate gut microbiota composition and intestinal immune function and therefore may play a key role in modulating anti-helminth immune responses. Characterizing the multitude of interactions that exist between different dietary components (e.g., dietary fibres), immune cells, and the microbiota, may shed new light on regulation of helminth-specific immunity. This review focuses on the current knowledge of how metabolism of dietary components shapes immune response during helminth infection, and how this information may be potentially harnessed to design new therapeutics to manage parasitic infections and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Myhill
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew R Williams
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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36
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Zhang Y, Feng X, Chen J, Liu J, Wu J, Tan H, Mi Z, Rong P. Controversial role of ILC3s in intestinal diseases: A novelty perspective on immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1134636. [PMID: 37063879 PMCID: PMC10090672 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1134636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
ILC3s have been identified as crucial immune regulators that play a role in maintaining host homeostasis and modulating the antitumor response. Emerging evidence supports the idea that LTi cells play an important role in initiating lymphoid tissue development, while other ILC3s can promote host defense and orchestrate adaptive immunity, mainly through the secretion of specific cytokines and crosstalk with other immune cells or tissues. Additionally, dysregulation of ILC3-mediated overexpression of cytokines, changes in subset abundance, and conversion toward other ILC subsets are closely linked with the occurrence of tumors and inflammatory diseases. Regulation of ILC3 cytokines, ILC conversion and LTi-induced TLSs may be a novel strategy for treating tumors and intestinal or extraintestinal inflammatory diseases. Herein, we discuss the development of ILCs, the biology of ILC3s, ILC plasticity, the correlation of ILC3s and adaptive immunity, crosstalk with the intestinal microenvironment, controversial roles of ILC3s in intestinal diseases and potential applications for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuefei Feng
- Department of Government & Public Administration, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongpei Tan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ze Mi
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Ze Mi, ; Pengfei Rong,
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Ze Mi, ; Pengfei Rong,
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37
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Asahi T, Abe S, Tajika Y, Rodewald HR, Sexl V, Takeshima H, Ikuta K. Retinoic acid receptor activity is required for the maintenance of type 1 innate lymphoid cells. Int Immunol 2023; 35:147-155. [PMID: 36480702 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 1 innate lymphoid cells (G1-ILCs) are innate immune effectors critical for the response to intracellular pathogens and tumors. G1-ILCs comprise circulating natural killer (NK) cells and tissue-resident type 1 ILCs (ILC1s). ILC1s mainly reside in barrier tissues and provide the initial sources of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to prime the protecting responses against infections, which are followed by the response of recruited NK cells. Despite such distribution differences, whether local environmental factors influence the behavior of NK cells and ILC1s is unclear. Here, we show that the signaling of retinoic acid (RA), active metabolites of vitamin A, is essential for the maintenance of ILC1s in the periphery. Mice expressing RARα403, a truncated form of retinoic acid receptor α (RARα) that exerts dominant negative activity, in a lymphoid cell- or G1-ILC-specific manner showed remarkable reductions of peripheral ILC1s while NK cells were unaffected. Lymphoid cell-specific inhibition of RAR activity resulted in the reduction of PD-1+ ILC progenitors (ILCPs), but not of common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), suggesting the impaired commitment and differentiation of ILC1s. Transcriptome analysis revealed that RARα403-expressing ILC1s exhibited impaired proliferative states and declined expression of effector molecules. Thus, our findings demonstrate that cell-intrinsic RA signaling is required for the homeostasis and the functionality of ILC1s, which may present RA as critical environmental cue targeting local type 1 immunity against infection and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuya Tajika
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hans-Reimer Rodewald
- Division of Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hiroshi Takeshima
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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38
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Hodge SH, Krauss MZ, Kaymak I, King JI, Howden AJ, Panic G, Grencis RK, Swann JR, Sinclair LV, Hepworth MR. Amino acid availability acts as a metabolic rheostat to determine the magnitude of ILC2 responses. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20221073. [PMID: 36571761 PMCID: PMC9794837 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20221073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are functionally poised, tissue-resident lymphocytes that respond rapidly to damage and infection at mucosal barrier sites. ILC2 reside within complex microenvironments where they are subject to cues from both the diet and invading pathogens-including helminths. Emerging evidence suggests ILC2 are acutely sensitive not only to canonical activating signals but also perturbations in nutrient availability. In the context of helminth infection, we identify amino acid availability as a nutritional cue in regulating ILC2 responses. ILC2 are found to be uniquely preprimed to import amino acids via the large neutral amino acid transporters Slc7a5 and Slc7a8. Cell-intrinsic deletion of these transporters individually impaired ILC2 expansion, while concurrent loss of both transporters markedly impaired the proliferative and cytokine-producing capacity of ILC2. Mechanistically, amino acid uptake determined the magnitude of ILC2 responses in part via tuning of mTOR. These findings implicate essential amino acids as a metabolic requisite for optimal ILC2 responses within mucosal barrier tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne H. Hodge
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Maria Z. Krauss
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Irem Kaymak
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - James I. King
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew J.M. Howden
- Cell Signalling and Immunology Division, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gordana Panic
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Richard K. Grencis
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jonathan R. Swann
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Diseases, Imperial College London, South Kensington, UK
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Linda V. Sinclair
- Cell Signalling and Immunology Division, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Matthew R. Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Florsheim EB, Bachtel ND, Cullen J, Lima BGC, Godazgar M, Zhang C, Carvalho F, Gautier G, Launay P, Wang A, Dietrich MO, Medzhitov R. Immune sensing of food allergens promotes aversive behaviour. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.19.524823. [PMID: 36712030 PMCID: PMC9882358 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its canonical function in protecting from pathogens, the immune system can also promote behavioural alterations 1â€"3 . The scope and mechanisms of behavioural modifications by the immune system are not yet well understood. Using a mouse food allergy model, here we show that allergic sensitization drives antigen-specific behavioural aversion. Allergen ingestion activates brain areas involved in the response to aversive stimuli, including the nucleus of tractus solitarius, parabrachial nucleus, and central amygdala. Food aversion requires IgE antibodies and mast cells but precedes the development of gut allergic inflammation. The ability of allergen-specific IgE and mast cells to promote aversion requires leukotrienes and growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). In addition to allergen-induced aversion, we find that lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation also resulted in IgE-dependent aversive behaviour. These findings thus point to antigen-specific behavioural modifications that likely evolved to promote niche selection to avoid unfavourable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther B. Florsheim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA,Centre for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85284, USA,Correspondence: and
| | - Nathaniel D. Bachtel
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Jaime Cullen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Bruna G. C. Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000 SP, Brazil,Centre for Immunotherapy, Vaccines, and Virotherapy (CIVV), Biodesign Institute, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85284, USA
| | - Mahdieh Godazgar
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Fernando Carvalho
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Gregory Gautier
- INSERM UMRS 1149; CNRS ERL 8252; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d’excellence INFLAMEX, Paris 75018, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- INSERM UMRS 1149; CNRS ERL 8252; University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Laboratoire d’excellence INFLAMEX, Paris 75018, France
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Marcelo O. Dietrich
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA,Howard Hughes Medical Institute,Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Correspondence: and
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Moreno CM, Boeree E, Freitas CMT, Weber KS. Immunomodulatory role of oral microbiota in inflammatory diseases and allergic conditions. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1067483. [PMID: 36873050 PMCID: PMC9981797 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1067483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the interplay between oral microbiota and systemic disease has gained attention as poor oral health is associated with several pathologies. The oral microbiota plays a role in the maintenance of overall health, and its dysbiosis influences chronic inflammation and the pathogenesis of gum diseases. Periodontitis has also been associated with other diseases and health complications such as cancer, neurogenerative and autoimmune disorders, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatic arthritis, respiratory health, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The host microbiota can influence immune cell development and immune responses, and recent evidence suggests that changes in oral microbiota composition may also contribute to sensitization and the development of allergic reactions, including asthma and peanut allergies. Conversely, there is also evidence that allergic reactions within the gut may contribute to alterations in oral microbiota composition. Here we review the current evidence of the role of the oral microbiota in inflammatory diseases and health complications, as well as its future relevance in improving health and ameliorating allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M Moreno
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Ellie Boeree
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Claudia M Tellez Freitas
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - K Scott Weber
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
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Abstract
The pleiotropic actions of the Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) are required for gut health, and reciprocally, reduced intestinal FXR signaling is seen in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Here, we show that activation of FXR selectively in the intestine is protective in inflammation-driven models of IBD. Prophylactic activation of FXR restored homeostatic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, most notably IL17. Importantly, these changes were attributed to FXR regulation of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), with both the inflammation-driven increases in ILCs, and ILC3s in particular, and the induction of Il17a and Il17f in ILC3s blocked by FXR activation. Moreover, a population of ILC precursor-like cells increased with treatment, implicating FXR in the maturation/differentiation of ILC precursors. These findings identify FXR as an intrinsic regulator of intestinal ILCs and a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory intestinal diseases.
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Zhou L, Lin Q, Sonnenberg GF. Metabolic control of innate lymphoid cells in health and disease. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1650-1659. [PMID: 36424470 PMCID: PMC9789197 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of predominantly tissue-resident lymphocytes that critically orchestrate immunity, inflammation, tolerance and repair at barrier surfaces of the mammalian body. Heterogeneity among ILC subsets is comparable to that of adaptive CD4+ T helper cell counterparts, and emerging studies demonstrate that ILC biology is also dictated by cellular metabolism that adapts bioenergetic requirements during activation, proliferation or cytokine production. Accumulating evidence in mouse models and human samples indicates that ILCs exhibit profound roles in shaping states of metabolic health and disease. Here we summarize and discuss our current knowledge of the cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic metabolic factors controlling ILC responses, as well as highlight contributions of ILCs to organismal metabolism. It is expected that continued research in this area will advance our understanding of how to manipulate ILCs or their metabolism for therapeutic strategies that benefit human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine-affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qingxia Lin
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine-affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and the Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Zeng L, Yang K, Zhang T, Zhu X, Hao W, Chen H, Ge J. Research progress of single-cell transcriptome sequencing in autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory disease: A review. J Autoimmun 2022; 133:102919. [PMID: 36242821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmunity refers to the phenomenon that the body's immune system produces antibodies or sensitized lymphocytes to its own tissues to cause an immune response. Immune disorders caused by autoimmunity can mediate autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune diseases have complicated pathogenesis due to the many types of cells involved, and the mechanism is still unclear. The emergence of single-cell research technology can solve the problem that ordinary transcriptome technology cannot be accurate to cell type. It provides unbiased results through independent analysis of cells in tissues and provides more mRNA information for identifying cell subpopulations, which provides a novel approach to study disruption of immune tolerance and disturbance of pro-inflammatory pathways on a cellular basis. It may fundamentally change the understanding of molecular pathways in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and develop targeted drugs. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been widely applied in autoimmune diseases, which provides a powerful tool for demonstrating the cellular heterogeneity of tissues involved in various immune inflammations, identifying pathogenic cell populations, and revealing the mechanism of disease occurrence and development. This review describes the principles of scRNA-seq, introduces common sequencing platforms and practical procedures, and focuses on the progress of scRNA-seq in 41 autoimmune diseases, which include 9 systemic autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc.) and 32 organ-specific autoimmune diseases (5 Skin diseases, 3 Nervous system diseases, 4 Eye diseases, 2 Respiratory system diseases, 2 Circulatory system diseases, 6 Liver, Gallbladder and Pancreas diseases, 2 Gastrointestinal system diseases, 3 Muscle, Bones and joint diseases, 3 Urinary system diseases, 2 Reproductive system diseases). This review also prospects the molecular mechanism targets of autoimmune diseases from the multi-molecular level and multi-dimensional analysis combined with single-cell multi-omics sequencing technology (such as scRNA-seq, Single cell ATAC-seq and single cell immune group library sequencing), which provides a reference for further exploring the pathogenesis and marker screening of autoimmune diseases and autoimmune inflammatory diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
| | - Tianqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
| | - Wensa Hao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China; Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
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Immune Impairment Associated with Vitamin A Deficiency: Insights from Clinical Studies and Animal Model Research. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235038. [PMID: 36501067 PMCID: PMC9738822 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) is critical for many biological processes, including embryonic development, hormone production and function, the maintenance and modulation of immunity, and the homeostasis of epithelium and mucosa. Specifically, VA affects cell integrity, cytokine production, innate immune cell activation, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte trafficking to mucosal surfaces. VA also has been reported to influence the gut microbiota composition and diversity. Consequently, VA deficiency (VAD) results in the imbalanced production of inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines, intestinal inflammation, weakened mucosal barrier functions, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disruption of the gut microbiome. Although VAD is primarily known to cause xerophthalmia, its role in the impairment of anti-infectious defense mechanisms is less defined. Infectious diseases lead to temporary anorexia and lower dietary intake; furthermore, they adversely affect VA status by interfering with VA absorption, utilization and excretion. Thus, there is a tri-directional relationship between VAD, immune response and infections, as VAD affects immune response and predisposes the host to infection, and infection decreases the intestinal absorption of the VA, thereby contributing to secondary VAD development. This has been demonstrated using nutritional and clinical studies, radiotracer studies and knockout animal models. An in-depth understanding of the relationship between VAD, immune response, gut microbiota and infections is critical for optimizing vaccine efficacy and the development of effective immunization programs for countries with high prevalence of VAD. Therefore, in this review, we have comprehensively summarized the existing knowledge regarding VAD impacts on immune responses to infections and post vaccination. We have detailed pathological conditions associated with clinical and subclinical VAD, gut microbiome adaptation to VAD and VAD effects on the immune responses to infection and vaccines.
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ILCs-Crucial Players in Enteric Infectious Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214200. [PMID: 36430676 PMCID: PMC9695539 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Research of the last decade has remarkably increased our understanding of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). ILCs, in analogy to T helper (Th) cells and their cytokine and transcription factor profile, are categorized into three distinct populations: ILC1s express the transcription factor T-bet and secrete IFNγ, ILC2s depend on the expression of GATA-3 and release IL-5 and IL-13, and ILC3s express RORγt and secrete IL-17 and IL-22. Noteworthy, ILCs maintain a level of plasticity, depending on exposed cytokines and environmental stimuli. Furthermore, ILCs are tissue resident cells primarily localized at common entry points for pathogens such as the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). They have the unique capacity to initiate rapid responses against pathogens, provoked by changes of the cytokine profile of the respective tissue. Moreover, they regulate tissue inflammation and homeostasis. In case of intracellular pathogens entering the mucosal tissue, ILC1s respond by secreting cytokines (e.g., IFNγ) to limit the pathogen spread. Upon infection with helminths, intestinal epithelial cells produce alarmins (e.g., IL-25) and activate ILC2s to secrete IL-13, which induces differentiation of intestinal stem cells into tuft and goblet cells, important for parasite expulsion. Additionally, during bacterial infection ILC3-derived IL-22 is required for bacterial clearance by regulating antimicrobial gene expression in epithelial cells. Thus, ILCs can limit infectious diseases via secretion of inflammatory mediators and interaction with other cell types. In this review, we will address the role of ILCs during enteric infectious diseases.
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Sakashita M, Takabayashi T, Imoto Y, Homma T, Yoshida K, Ogi K, Kimura Y, Kato A, Stevens WW, Smith SS, Welch KC, Norton JE, Suh LA, Carter RG, Hulse KE, Seshadri S, Min JY, Pothoven KL, Conley DB, Tan BK, Harris KE, Kern RC, Haruna S, Matsuwaki Y, Ochiai R, Fujieda S, Schleimer RP. Retinoic acid promotes fibrinolysis and may regulate polyp formation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1114-1124.e3. [PMID: 35728655 PMCID: PMC11152199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) regularly exhibit severe nasal polyposis. Studies suggest that chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by excessive fibrin deposition associated with a profound decrease in epithelial tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). Retinoids, including vitamin A and its active metabolite retinoic acid (RA), are necessary for maintaining epithelial function and well-known inducers of tPA in endothelial cells. OBJECTIVES This study sought to determine whether endogenous retinoids are involved in NP pathophysiology and disease severity in patients with CRSwNP and AERD. METHODS NP tissue was collected from patients with AERD or CRSwNP, and concentrations of retinoids and fibrinolysis markers were measured using ELISA. Normal human bronchial epithelial cells were stimulated alone or in combination with RA and IL-13 for 24 hours. RESULTS This study observed lower retinoid levels in nasal polyps of patients with AERD than those with CRSwNP or healthy controls (P < .01). Levels of the fibrin-breakdown product d-dimer were the lowest in AERD polyps (P < .01), which is consistent with lower tPA expression (P < .01). In vitro, all-trans RA upregulated tPA levels in normal human bronchial epithelial cells by 15-fold and reversed the IL-13-induced attenuation of tPA expression in cultured cells (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS RA, a potent inducer of epithelial tPA in vitro, is reduced in tissue from patients with AERD, a finding that may potentially contribute to decreased levels of tPA and fibrinolysis in AERD. RA can induce tPA in epithelial cells and can reverse IL-13-induced tPA suppression in vitro, suggesting the potential utility of RA in treating patients with CRSwNP and/or AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Sakashita
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Tetsuji Takabayashi
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Imoto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Homma
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Allergology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshida
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ogi
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kimura
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Whitney W Stevens
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Stephanie S Smith
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kevin C Welch
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - James E Norton
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Lydia A Suh
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Roderick G Carter
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathryn E Hulse
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Sudarshan Seshadri
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Jin-Young Min
- Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kathryn L Pothoven
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - David B Conley
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Bruce K Tan
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kathleen E Harris
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert C Kern
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Department of Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Shinichi Haruna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | | | - Ryosuke Ochiai
- Shimadzu Techno-Research, Inc. Pharmaceuticals and Life Sciences Division, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Fujieda
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
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Kabil A, Shin SB, Hughes MR, McNagny KM. “Just one word, plastic!”: Controversies and caveats in innate lymphoid cell plasticity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:946905. [PMID: 36052086 PMCID: PMC9427196 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.946905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are frontline immune effectors involved in the early stages of host defense and maintenance of tissue homeostasis, particularly at mucosal surfaces such as the intestine, lung, and skin. Canonical ILCs are described as tissue-resident cells that populate peripheral tissues early in life and respond appropriately based on environmental exposure and their anatomical niche and tissue microenvironment. Intriguingly, there are accumulating reports of ILC “plasticity” that note the existence of non-canonical ILCs that exhibit distinct patterns of master transcription factor expression and cytokine production profiles in response to tissue inflammation. Yet this concept of ILC-plasticity is controversial due to several confounding caveats that include, among others, the independent large-scale recruitment of new ILC subsets from distal sites and the local, in situ, differentiation of uncommitted resident precursors. Nevertheless, the ability of ILCs to acquire unique characteristics and adapt to local environmental cues is an attractive paradigm because it would enable the rapid adaptation of innate responses to a wider array of pathogens even in the absence of pre-existing ‘prototypical’ ILC responder subsets. Despite the impressive recent progress in understanding ILC biology, the true contribution of ILC plasticity to tissue homeostasis and disease and how it is regulated remains obscure. Here, we detail current methodologies used to study ILC plasticity in mice and review the mechanisms that drive and regulate functional ILC plasticity in response to polarizing signals in their microenvironment and different cytokine milieus. Finally, we discuss the physiological relevance of ILC plasticity and its implications for potential therapeutics and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kabil
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Samuel B. Shin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael R. Hughes
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kelly M. McNagny
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation (HLI), St Paul’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Kelly M. McNagny,
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Liu N, He J, Fan D, Gu Y, Wang J, Li H, Zhu X, Du Y, Tian Y, Liu B, Fan Z. Circular RNA circTmem241 drives group III innate lymphoid cell differentiation via initiation of Elk3 transcription. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4711. [PMID: 35953472 PMCID: PMC9372085 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32322-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) exert important roles in host defense, tissue repair and inflammatory diseases. However, how ILC lineage specification is regulated remains largely elusive. Here we identify that circular RNA circTmem241 is highly expressed in group III innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) and their progenitor cells. CircTmem241 deficiency impairs ILC3 commitment and attenuates anti-bacterial immunity. Mechanistically, circTmem241 interacts with Nono protein to recruit histone methyltransferase Ash1l onto Elk3 promoter in ILC progenitor cells (ILCPs). Ash1l-mediated histone modifications on Elk3 promoter enhance chromatin accessibility to initiate Elk3 transcription. Of note, circTmem241-/-, Nono-/- and Ash1l-/- ILCPs display impaired ILC3 differentiation, while Elk3 overexpression rescues ILC3 commitment ability. Finally, circTmem241-/-Elk3-/- mice show lower numbers of ILC3s and are more susceptible to bacterial infection. We reveal that the circTmem241-Nono-Ash1l-Elk3 axis is required for the ILCP differentiation into ILC3P and ILC3 maturation, which is important to manipulate this axis for ILC development on treatment of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiacheng He
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dongdong Fan
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jianyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huimu Li
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ying Du
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yong Tian
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. .,Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Benyu Liu
- Research Center of Basic Medicine, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Zusen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of CAS, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Bonakdar M, Czuba LC, Han G, Zhong G, Luong H, Isoherranen N, Vaishnava S. Gut commensals expand vitamin A metabolic capacity of the mammalian host. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:1084-1092.e5. [PMID: 35863343 PMCID: PMC9378501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of dietary vitamin A (VA) into retinoic acid (RA) is essential for many biological processes and thus far studied largely in mammalian cells. Using targeted metabolomics, we found that commensal bacteria in the mouse gut lumen produced a high concentration of the active retinoids, all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) and 13-cis-retinoic acid (13cisRA), as well as the principal circulating retinoid, retinol. Ablation of anerobic bacteria significantly reduced retinol, atRA, and 13cisRA, whereas introducing these bacteria into germ-free mice significantly enhanced retinoids. Remarkably, cecal bacterial supplemented with VA produced active retinoids in vitro, establishing that gut bacteria encode metabolic machinery necessary for multistep conversion of dietary VA into its active forms. Finally, gut bacteria Lactobacillus intestinalis metabolized VA and specifically restored RA levels in the gut of vancomycin-treated mice. Our work establishes vitamin A metabolism as an emergent property of the gut microbiome and lays the groundwork for developing probiotic-based retinoid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bonakdar
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Lindsay C Czuba
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Geongoo Han
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Guo Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Hien Luong
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Nina Isoherranen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Shipra Vaishnava
- Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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Surace L, Di Santo JP. Local and systemic features of ILC immunometabolism. Curr Opin Hematol 2022; 29:209-217. [PMID: 35787549 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are specialized immune cells that rapidly sense environmental perturbations and regulate immune responses and tissue homeostasis. ILCs are mainly tissue resident and their crosstalk within tissue microenvironments influences both local and systemic metabolism. Reciprocally, metabolic status conditions ILC phenotype and effector function. In this review, we discuss the role of ILCs as metabolic sentinels and describe how ILC subset-specific activities influence homeostasis and disease. Finally, we highlight emerging challenges in the field of ILC immunometabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Accumulating evidence suggests that ILCs metabolism, phenotype, and function are shaped by signals from the tissue microenvironment. Dietary, endogenous, and microbial metabolites are sensed by ILC subsets and can impact on ILC-mediated immune responses. Recent studies have found that mitochondria are central regulators of ILC effector function. Furthermore, ILCs have emerged as crucial sensors of metabolic stress, suggesting they might act as metabolic sentinels, coordinating tissue and host metabolism. SUMMARY Our understanding how ILCs mechanistically regulate host metabolism and defenses is still incomplete. Unraveling critical metabolic features of ILCs may lead to novel therapeutic strategies that target these cells in the context of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Surace
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, , Bonn, Germany
| | - James P Di Santo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm, Paris, France
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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