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Shao A, Jin L, Ge Y, Ye Z, Xu M, Zhou Y, Li Y, Wang L, Xu P, Jin K, Mao Z, Ye J. C176-loaded and phosphatidylserine-modified nanoparticles treat retinal neovascularization by promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Bioact Mater 2024; 39:392-405. [PMID: 38855060 PMCID: PMC11157223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization (RNV), a typical pathological manifestation involved in most neovascular diseases, causes retinal detachment, vision loss, and ultimately irreversible blindness. Repeated intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF drugs were developed against RNV, with limitations of incomplete responses and adverse effects. Therefore, a new treatment with a better curative effect and more prolonged dosage is demanding. Here, we induced macrophage polarization to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype by inhibiting cGAS-STING signaling with an antagonist C176, appreciating the role of cGAS-STING signaling in the retina in pro-inflammatory M1 polarization. C176-loaded and phosphatidylserine-modified dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles were constructed and examined by a single intravitreal injection. The biosafe nanoparticles were phagocytosed by retinal macrophages through a phosphatidylserine-mediated "eat me" signal, which persistently release C176 to suppress STING signaling and thereby promote macrophage M2 polarization specifically. A single dosage can effectively alleviate pathological angiogenesis phenotypes in murine oxygen-induced retinopathy models. In conclusion, these C176-loaded nanoparticles with enhanced cell uptake and long-lasting STING inhibition effects might serve as a promising way for treating RNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Shao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Lulu Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yanni Ge
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Ziqiang Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Mingyu Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Yingyu Li
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Linyan Wang
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Pinglong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310030, China
| | - Kai Jin
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
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Sun Y, Li F, Liu Y, Qiao D, Yao X, Liu GS, Li D, Xiao C, Wang T, Chi W. Targeting inflammasomes and pyroptosis in retinal diseases-molecular mechanisms and future perspectives. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 101:101263. [PMID: 38657834 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Retinal diseases encompass various conditions associated with sight-threatening immune responses and are leading causes of blindness worldwide. These diseases include age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and uveitis. Emerging evidence underscores the vital role of the innate immune response in retinal diseases, beyond the previously emphasized T-cell-driven processes of the adaptive immune system. In particular, pyroptosis, a newly discovered programmed cell death process involving inflammasome formation, has been implicated in the loss of membrane integrity and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Several disease-relevant animal models have provided evidence that the formation of inflammasomes and the induction of pyroptosis in innate immune cells contribute to inflammation in various retinal diseases. In this review article, we summarize current knowledge about the innate immune system and pyroptosis in retinal diseases. We also provide insights into translational targeting approaches, including novel drugs countering pyroptosis, to improve the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Fan Li
- Eye Center, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, 528403, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Dijie Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xinyu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Guei-Sheung Liu
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia; Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
| | - Dequan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chuanle Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518132, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao You'anMen Street, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Wei Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Li X, Wang G, Li N, Wang X, Fan W, Zhang Z, Li W, Liu J, Huang J, Liu X, Zhou Q, Hou S. Icariin alleviates oxygen-induced retinopathy by targeting microglia hexokinase 2. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 38804253 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal disease-causing retinal neovascularization that can lead to blindness. Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) is a widely used ROP animal model. Icariin (ICA) has anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation properties; however, whether ICA has a regulatory effect on OIR remains unclear. In this study, ICA alleviated pathological neovascularization, microglial activation and blood-retina barrier (BRB) damage in vivo. Further results indicated that endothelial cell tube formation, migration and proliferation were restored by ICA treatment in vitro. Proteomic microarrays and molecular mimicry revealed that ICA can directly bind to hexokinase 2 (HK2) and decrease HK2 protein expression in vivo and in vitro. In addition, ICA inhibited the AKT/mTOR/HIF1α pathway activation. The effects of ICA on pathological neovascularization, microglial activation and BRB damage disappeared after HK2 overexpression in vivo. Similarly, the endothelial cell function was revised after HK2 overexpression. HK2 overexpression reversed ICA-induced AKT/mTOR/HIF1α pathway inhibition in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, ICA prevented pathological angiogenesis in OIR in an HK2-dependent manner, implicating ICA as a potential therapeutic agent for ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingran Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanqian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyi Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianyang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengping Hou
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Huang Y, Xu R, Liu Q, Zhang X, Mao Y, Yang Y, Gu X, Liu Y, Ma Z. Glucose competition between endothelial cells in the blood-spinal cord barrier and infiltrating regulatory T cells is linked to sleep restriction-induced hyperalgesia. BMC Med 2024; 22:189. [PMID: 38715017 PMCID: PMC11077863 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03413-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep loss is a common public health problem that causes hyperalgesia, especially that after surgery, which reduces the quality of life seriously. METHODS The 48-h sleep restriction (SR) mouse model was created using restriction chambers. In vivo imaging, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence staining and Western blot were performed to detect the status of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB). Paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) was measured to track mouse pain behavior. The role of infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs) and endothelial cells (ECs) in mouse glycolysis and BSCB damage were analyzed using flow cytometry, Western blot, CCK-8 assay, colorimetric method and lactate administration. RESULTS The 48-h SR made mice in sleep disruption status and caused an acute damage to the BSCB, resulting in hyperalgesia and neuroinflammation in the spinal cord. In SR mice, the levels of glycolysis and glycolysis enzymes of ECs in the BSCB were found significantly decreased [CON group vs. SR group: CD31+Glut1+ cells: p < 0.001], which could cause dysfunction of ECs and this was confirmed in vitro. Increased numbers of infiltrating T cells [p < 0.0001] and Treg population [p < 0.05] were detected in the mouse spinal cord after 48-h SR. In the co-cultured system of ECs and Tregs in vitro, the competition of Tregs for glucose resulted in the glycolysis disorder of ECs [Glut1: p < 0.01, ENO1: p < 0.05, LDHα: p < 0.05; complete tubular structures formed: p < 0.0001; CCK8 assay: p < 0.001 on 24h, p < 0.0001 on 48h; glycolysis level: p < 0.0001]. An administration of sodium lactate partially rescued the function of ECs and relieved SR-induced hyperalgesia. Furthermore, the mTOR signaling pathway was excessively activated in ECs after SR in vivo and those under the inhibition of glycolysis or co-cultured with Tregs in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Affected by glycolysis disorders of ECs due to glucose competition with infiltrating Tregs through regulating the mTOR signaling pathway, hyperalgesia induced by 48-h SR is attributed to neuroinflammation and damages to the barriers, which can be relieved by lactate supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yanting Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiaoping Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 of Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Zhao N, Hao XN, Huang JM, Song ZM, Tao Y. Crosstalk Between Microglia and Müller Glia in the Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Role and Therapeutic Value of Neuroinflammation. Aging Dis 2024; 15:1132-1154. [PMID: 37728589 PMCID: PMC11081163 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0823-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive neurodegeneration disease that causes photoreceptor demise and vision impairments. In AMD pathogenesis, the primary death of retinal neurons always leads to the activation of resident microglia. The migration of activated microglia to the ongoing retinal lesion and their morphological transformation from branching to ameboid-like are recognized as hallmarks of AMD pathogenesis. Activated microglia send signals to Müller cells and promote them to react correspondingly to damaging stimulus. Müller cells are a type of neuroglia cells that maintain the normal function of retinal neurons, modulating innate inflammatory responses, and stabilize retinal structure. Activated Müller cells can accelerate the progression of AMD by damaging neurons and blood vessels. Therefore, the crosstalk between microglia and Müller cells plays a homeostatic role in maintaining the retinal environment, and this interaction is complicatedly modulated. In particular, the mechanism of mutual regulation between the two glia populations is complex under pathological conditions. This paper reviews recent findings on the crosstalk between microglia and Müller glia during AMD pathology process, with special emphasis on its therapeutic potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xiao-Na Hao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jie-Min Huang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Zong-Ming Song
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Ye Tao
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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6
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van Noorden CJ, Yetkin-Arik B, Serrano Martinez P, Bakker N, van Breest Smallenburg ME, Schlingemann RO, Klaassen I, Majc B, Habic A, Bogataj U, Galun SK, Vittori M, Erdani Kreft M, Novak M, Breznik B, Hira VV. New Insights in ATP Synthesis as Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Angiogenic Ocular Diseases. J Histochem Cytochem 2024; 72:329-352. [PMID: 38733294 PMCID: PMC11107438 DOI: 10.1369/00221554241249515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactate and ATP formation by aerobic glycolysis, the Warburg effect, is considered a hallmark of cancer. During angiogenesis in non-cancerous tissue, proliferating stalk endothelial cells (ECs) also produce lactate and ATP by aerobic glycolysis. In fact, all proliferating cells, both non-cancer and cancer cells, need lactate for the biosynthesis of building blocks for cell growth and tissue expansion. Moreover, both non-proliferating cancer stem cells in tumors and leader tip ECs during angiogenesis rely on glycolysis for pyruvate production, which is used for ATP synthesis in mitochondria through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Therefore, aerobic glycolysis is not a specific hallmark of cancer but rather a hallmark of proliferating cells and limits its utility in cancer therapy. However, local treatment of angiogenic eye conditions with inhibitors of glycolysis may be a safe therapeutic option that warrants experimental investigation. Most types of cells in the eye such as photoreceptors and pericytes use OXPHOS for ATP production, whereas proliferating angiogenic stalk ECs rely on glycolysis for lactate and ATP production. (J Histochem Cytochem XX.XXX-XXX, XXXX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelis J.F. van Noorden
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bahar Yetkin-Arik
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Living Technologies, Alliance TU/e, WUR, UU, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Serrano Martinez
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Noëlle Bakker
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Reinier O. Schlingemann
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ingeborg Klaassen
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bernarda Majc
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anamarija Habic
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jozef Stefan Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Urban Bogataj
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S. Katrin Galun
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Milos Vittori
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Metka Novak
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Breznik
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vashendriya V.V. Hira
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Yuan T, Wang T, Zhang J, Ye F, Gu Z, Li Y, Xu J. Functional Polyphenol-Based Nanoparticles Boosted the Neuroprotective Effect of Riluzole for Acute Spinal Cord Injury. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2607-2620. [PMID: 38530873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Riluzole is commonly used as a neuroprotective agent for treating traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), which works by blocking the influx of sodium and calcium ions and reducing glutamate activity. However, its clinical application is limited because of its poor solubility, short half-life, potential organ toxicity, and insufficient bioabilities toward upregulated inflammation and oxidative stress levels. To address this issue, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a natural polyphenol, was employed to fabricate nanoparticles (NPs) with riluzole to enhance the neuroprotective effects. The resulting NPs demonstrated good biocompatibility, excellent antioxidative properties, and promising regulation effects from the M1 to M2 macrophages. Furthermore, an in vivo SCI model was successfully established, and NPs could be obviously aggregated at the SCI site. More interestingly, excellent neuroprotective properties of NPs through regulating the levels of oxidative stress, inflammation, and ion channels could be fully demonstrated in vivo by RNA sequencing and sophisticated biochemistry evaluations. Together, the work provided new opportunities toward the design and fabrication of robust and multifunctional NPs for oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases via biological integration of natural polyphenols and small-molecule drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoyang Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianyou Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhipeng Gu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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8
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Hu A, Schmidt MHH, Heinig N. Microglia in retinal angiogenesis and diabetic retinopathy. Angiogenesis 2024:10.1007/s10456-024-09911-1. [PMID: 38564108 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-024-09911-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy has a high probability of causing visual impairment or blindness throughout the disease progression and is characterized by the growth of new blood vessels in the retina at an advanced, proliferative stage. Microglia are a resident immune population in the central nervous system, known to play a crucial role in regulating retinal angiogenesis in both physiological and pathological conditions, including diabetic retinopathy. Physiologically, they are located close to blood vessels and are essential for forming new blood vessels (neovascularization). In diabetic retinopathy, microglia become widely activated, showing a distinct polarization phenotype that leads to their accumulation around neovascular tufts. These activated microglia induce pathogenic angiogenesis through the secretion of various angiogenic factors and by regulating the status of endothelial cells. Interestingly, some subtypes of microglia simultaneously promote the regression of neovascularization tufts and normal angiogenesis in neovascularization lesions. Modulating the state of microglial activation to ameliorate neovascularization thus appears as a promising potential therapeutic approach for managing diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyan Hu
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, Fetscherstr 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mirko H H Schmidt
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, Fetscherstr 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Nora Heinig
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden School of Medicine, Fetscherstr 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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9
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Chen S, Lu Z, Zhao Y, Xia L, Liu C, Zuo S, Jin M, Jia H, Li S, Zhang S, Yang B, Wang Z, Li J, Wang F, Yang C. Myeloid-Mas Signaling Modulates Pathogenic Crosstalk among MYC +CD63 + Endothelial Cells, MMP12 + Macrophages, and Monocytes in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306066. [PMID: 38350725 PMCID: PMC11040347 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Acetaminophen overdose is a leading cause of acute liver failure (ALF). Despite the pivotal role of the inflammatory microenvironment in the progression of advanced acetaminophen-induced liver injury (AILI), a comprehensive understanding of the underlying cellular interactions and molecular mechanisms remains elusive. Mas is a G protein-coupled receptor highly expressed by myeloid cells; however, its role in the AILI microenvironment remains to be elucidated. A multidimensional approach, including single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and hour-long intravital imaging, is employed to characterize the microenvironment in Mas1 deficient mice at the systemic and cell-specific levels. The characteristic landscape of mouse AILI models involves reciprocal cellular communication among MYC+CD63+ endothelial cells, MMP12+ macrophages, and monocytes, which is maintained by enhanced glycolysis and the NF-κB/TNF-α signaling pathway due to myeloid-Mas deficiency. Importantly, the pathogenic microenvironment is delineated in samples obtained from patients with ALF, demonstrating its clinical relevance. In summary, these findings greatly enhance the understanding of the microenvironment in advanced AILI and offer potential avenues for patient stratification and identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Zhi Lu
- Department of AutomationTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Institute for Brain and Cognitive SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Yudong Zhao
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Lu Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Siqing Zuo
- Department of AutomationTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Institute for Brain and Cognitive SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Manchang Jin
- Institute for Brain and Cognitive SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- School of Electrical and Information EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Haoyu Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Zhijing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
| | - Fei Wang
- Division of GastroenterologySeventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhen518107China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China
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Tu Y, Guo Y, Sun H, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Xu Y, Xie L, Zhu M. Tocilizumab attenuates choroidal neovascularization by regulating macrophage polarization through the IL-6R/STAT3/VEGF pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27893. [PMID: 38524531 PMCID: PMC10958357 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of irreversible visual impairment. Up to 80% of severe vision loss is caused by AMD, which is characterized by the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Uncertainty exists regarding the precise pathophysiological mechanisms of CNV. It has been suggested that the interleukin (IL) IL-6/IL-6R signaling pathway is crucial in the progression of CNV. Tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal antibody, binds to soluble and membrane-bound IL-6R and competitively inhibits IL-6 downstream signaling. Previous research has demonstrated that TCZ promotes several roles related to inflammation and neovascularization. However, the effects of TCZ on CNV and the underlying mechanism are still unknown. This study found that TCZ administration decreased the area and leakage of CNV lesions in the mice model of laser-induced CNV. Additionally, results demonstrated that TCZ promotes the expression of iNOS, CCL-3, CCL-5, TNF-α and inhibits the expression of Arg-1, IL-10, YM-1 and CD206. Furthermore, TCZ treatment inhibited the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) STAT3/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, which was activated after CNV formation. Colivelin, a STAT3 agonist, reversed the inhibitory effects of TCZ on CNV formation and macrophage polarization. In a mouse model of laser-induced CNV, our findings demonstrated that TCZ attenuated CNV formation and inhibited the leakage of CNV lesions by regulating macrophage polarization via inhibiting the STAT3/VEGF axis. TCZ is the potential therapeutic strategy for CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haotian Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaoyun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqian Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Laiqing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manhui Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Cai L, Xia M, Zhang F. Redox Regulation of Immunometabolism in Microglia Underpinning Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:423. [PMID: 38671871 PMCID: PMC11047590 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among the working-age population. Microglia, resident immune cells in the retina, are recognized as crucial drivers in the DR process. Microglia activation is a tightly regulated immunometabolic process. In the early stages of DR, the M1 phenotype commonly shifts from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis for energy production. Emerging evidence suggests that microglia in DR not only engage specific metabolic pathways but also rearrange their oxidation-reduction (redox) system. This redox adaptation supports metabolic reprogramming and offers potential therapeutic strategies using antioxidants. Here, we provide an overview of recent insights into the involvement of reactive oxygen species and the distinct roles played by key cellular antioxidant pathways, including the NADPH oxidase 2 system, which promotes glycolysis via enhanced glucose transporter 4 translocation to the cell membrane through the AKT/mTOR pathway, as well as the involvement of the thioredoxin and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 antioxidant systems, which maintain microglia in an anti-inflammatory state. Therefore, we highlight the potential for targeting the modulation of microglial redox metabolism to offer new concepts for DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luwei Cai
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; (L.C.); (M.X.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Mengxue Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; (L.C.); (M.X.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China; (L.C.); (M.X.)
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai 200080, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
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12
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Shahror RA, Morris CA, Mohammed AA, Wild M, Zaman B, Mitchell CD, Phillips PH, Rusch NJ, Shosha E, Fouda AY. Role of myeloid cells in ischemic retinopathies: recent advances and unanswered questions. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:65. [PMID: 38454477 PMCID: PMC10918977 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloid cells including microglia and macrophages play crucial roles in retinal homeostasis by clearing cellular debris and regulating inflammation. These cells are activated in several blinding ischemic retinal diseases including diabetic retinopathy, where they may exert both beneficial and detrimental effects on neurovascular function and angiogenesis. Myeloid cells impact the progression of retinal pathologies and recent studies suggest that targeting myeloid cells is a promising therapeutic strategy to mitigate diabetic retinopathy and other ischemic retinal diseases. This review summarizes the recent advances in our understanding of the role of microglia and macrophages in retinal diseases and focuses on the effects of myeloid cells on neurovascular injury and angiogenesis in ischemic retinopathies. We highlight gaps in knowledge and advocate for a more detailed understanding of the role of myeloid cells in retinal ischemic injury to fully unlock the potential of targeting myeloid cells as a therapeutic strategy for retinal ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami A Shahror
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Carol A Morris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Aya A Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Melissa Wild
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Bushra Zaman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Christian D Mitchell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Paul H Phillips
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey & Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Nancy J Rusch
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Esraa Shosha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Y Fouda
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 611, BIOMED-1, B306, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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13
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Liu P, Sun D, Zhang S, Chen S, Wang X, Li H, Wei F. PFKFB3 in neovascular eye disease: unraveling mechanisms and exploring therapeutic strategies. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:21. [PMID: 38341583 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neovascular eye disease is characterized by pathological neovascularization, with clinical manifestations such as intraocular exudation, bleeding, and scar formation, ultimately leading to blindness in millions of individuals worldwide. Pathologic ocular angiogenesis often occurs in common fundus diseases including proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targets the core pathology of ocular angiogenesis. MAIN BODY In recent years, therapies targeting metabolism to prevent angiogenesis have also rapidly developed, offering assistance to patients with a poor prognosis while receiving anti-VEGF therapy and reducing the side effects associated with long-term VEGF usage. Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), a key enzyme in targeted metabolism, has been shown to have great potential, with antiangiogenic effects and multiple protective effects in the treatment of neovascular eye disease. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of common types of neovascular eye diseases; discuss the protective effect and potential mechanism of targeting PFKFB3, including the related inhibitors of PFKFB3; and look forward to the future exploration directions and therapeutic prospects of PFKFB3 in neovascular eye disease. CONCLUSION Neovascular eye disease, the most common and severely debilitating retinal disease, is largely incurable, necessitating the exploration of new treatment methods. PFKFB3 has been shown to possess various potential protective mechanisms in treating neovascular eye disease. With the development of several drugs targeting PFKFB3 and their gradual entry into clinical research, targeting PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for the future of neovascular eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shuchang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Shimei Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Huiming Li
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fang Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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14
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Wang X, Xu C, Bian C, Ge P, Lei J, Wang J, Xiao T, Fan Y, Gu Q, Li HY, Xu J, Hu Z, Xie P. M2 microglia-derived exosomes promote vascular remodeling in diabetic retinopathy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:56. [PMID: 38336783 PMCID: PMC10854107 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a vision-threatening diabetic complication that is characterized by microvasculature impairment and immune dysfunction. The present study demonstrated that M2 microglia intensively participated in retinal microangiopathy in human diabetic proliferative membranes, mice retinas, retinas of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice, and retinas of streptozotocin-induced DR mice. Further in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that exosomes derived from M2 polarized microglia (M2-exo) could reduce pericyte apoptosis and promote endothelial cell proliferation, thereby promoting vascular remodeling and reducing vascular leakage from the diabetic retina. These effects were further enhanced by M2-exo that facilitated M2 polarization of retinal microglia. Collectively, the study demonstrated the capability of M2-exo to induce retinal microvascular remodeling, which may provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Changlin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Cunxin Bian
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Pengfei Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jie Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jingfan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Tianhao Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qinyuan Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hong-Ying Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jingyi Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zizhong Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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15
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Si Z, Su W, Zhou Z, Li J, Su C, Zhang Y, Hu Z, Huang Z, Zhou H, Cong A, Zhou Z, Cao W. Hyperglycolysis in endothelial cells drives endothelial injury and microvascular alterations in peritoneal dialysis. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1498. [PMID: 38037461 PMCID: PMC10689974 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction leading to microvascular alterations is a hallmark of technique failure in peritoneal dialysis (PD). However, the mechanisms underlying EC dysfunction in PD are poorly defined. METHODS We combined RNA sequencing with metabolite set analysis to characterize the metabolic profile of peritoneal ECs from a mouse model of PD. This was combined with EC-selective blockade of glycolysis by genetic or pharmacological inhibition of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in vivo and in vitro. We also investigated the association between peritoneal EC glycolysis and microvascular alterations in human peritoneal samples from patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). RESULTS In a mouse model of PD, peritoneal ECs had a hyperglycolytic metabolism that shunts intermediates into nucleotide synthesis. Hyperglycolytic mouse peritoneal ECs displayed a unique active phenotype with increased proliferation, permeability and inflammation. The active phenotype of mouse peritoneal ECs can be recapitulated in human umbilical venous ECs and primary human peritoneal ECs by vascular endothelial growth factor that was released from high glucose-treated mesothelial cells. Importantly, reduction of peritoneal EC glycolysis, via endothelial deficiency of the glycolytic activator PFKFB3, inhibited PD fluid-induced increases in peritoneal capillary density, vascular permeability and monocyte extravasation, thereby protecting the peritoneum from the development of structural and functional damages. Mechanistically, endothelial PFKFB3 deficiency induced the protective effects in part by inhibiting cell proliferation, VE-cadherin endocytosis and monocyte-adhesion molecule expression. Pharmacological PFKFB3 blockade induced a similar therapeutic benefit in this PD model. Human peritoneal tissue from patients with ESKD also demonstrated evidence of increased EC PFKFB3 expression associated with microvascular alterations and peritoneal dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal a critical role of glycolysis in ECs in mediating the deterioration of peritoneal function and suggest that strategies targeting glycolysis in peritoneal ECs may be of therapeutic benefit for patients undergoing PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Si
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Wenyan Su
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Zhuoyu Zhou
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Cailing Su
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Division of NephrologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Zuoyu Hu
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Ansheng Cong
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Zhanmei Zhou
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
| | - Wei Cao
- Division of NephrologyState Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Kidney DiseaseNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouP. R. China
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16
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Wang L, Guo S, Cao K, Li Z, Li Z, Song M, Wang C, Chen P, Cui Y, Dai X, Feng D, Fu X, He J, Xu Y. Glycolysis Promotes Angiotensin II-Induced Aortic Remodeling Through Regulating Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition via the Corepressor C-Terminal Binding Protein 1. Hypertension 2023; 80:2627-2640. [PMID: 37795602 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.21382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction plays a crucial role in aortic remodeling. Aerobic glycolysis and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) have, respectively, been suggested to contribute to endothelial dysfunction in many cardiovascular diseases. Here, we tested the hypothesis that glycolytic reprogramming is critical for EndoMT induction in aortic remodeling through an epigenetic mechanism mediated by a transcriptional corepressor CtBP1 (C-terminal binding protein 1), a sensor of glycolysis-derived NADH. METHODS EndoMT program, aortic remodeling, and endothelial expression of the glycolytic activator PFKFB3 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase isoform 3) were evaluated in Ang (angiotensin) II-infused mice. Mice with endothelial-specific Pfkfb3 deficiency or CtBP1 inactivation, immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assay were employed to elucidate whether and how PFKFB3/CtBP1 epigenetically controls EndoMT. RESULTS The EndoMT program and increased endothelial PFKFB3 expression were induced in remodeled thoracic aortas. In TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β)-treated human endothelial cells, activated SMAD2/3 (SMAD Family Member 2/3) transcriptionally upregulated PFKFB3 expression. In turn, the TGF-β/SMAD signaling and EndoMT were compromised by silencing or inhibition of PFKFB3. Mechanistic studies revealed that PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis increased NADH content and activated the NADH-sensitive CtBP1. Through interaction with the transcription repressor E2F4 (E2F Transcription Factor 4), CtBP1 enhanced E2F4-mediated transcriptional repression of SMURF2 (SMAD ubiquitin regulatory factor 2), a negative regulator of TGF-β/SMAD2 signaling. Additionally, EC-specific Pfkfb3 deficiency or CtBP1 inactivation in mice led to attenuated Ang II-induced aortic remodeling. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate a glycolysis-mediated positive feedback loop of the TGF-β signaling to induce EndoMT and indicate that therapeutically targeting endothelial PFKFB3 or CtBP1 activity could provide a basis for treating EndoMT-linked aortic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, China (L.W.)
| | - Shuai Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Kaixiang Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Ziling Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Zou Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Mingchuan Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Cailing Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Peiling Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Ying Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China (Y.C.)
| | - Xiaoyan Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (X.D.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Du Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jun He
- Guangzhou Medical University, China. Department of Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China (J.H.)
| | - Yiming Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences (L.W., S.G., K.C., Ziling Li, Zou Li, M.S., C.W., P.C., D.F., X.F., Y.X.), Guangzhou Medical University, China
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Yang Q, Huo E, Cai Y, Zhang Z, Dong C, Asara JM, Shi H, Wei Q. Myeloid PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis promotes kidney fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1259434. [PMID: 38035106 PMCID: PMC10687406 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive renal fibrosis is a common pathology in progressive chronic kidney diseases. Inflammatory injury and aberrant repair processes contribute to the development of kidney fibrosis. Myeloid cells, particularly monocytes/macrophages, play a crucial role in kidney fibrosis by releasing their proinflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix components such as collagen and fibronectin into the microenvironment of the injured kidney. Numerous signaling pathways have been identified in relation to these activities. However, the involvement of metabolic pathways in myeloid cell functions during the development of renal fibrosis remains understudied. In our study, we initially reanalyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data of renal myeloid cells from Dr. Denby's group and observed an increased gene expression in glycolytic pathway in myeloid cells that are critical for renal inflammation and fibrosis. To investigate the role of myeloid glycolysis in renal fibrosis, we utilized a model of unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice deficient of Pfkfb3, an activator of glycolysis, in myeloid cells (Pfkfb3 ΔMϕ ) and their wild type littermates (Pfkfb3 WT). We observed a significant reduction in fibrosis in the obstructive kidneys of Pfkfb3 ΔMϕ mice compared to Pfkfb3 WT mice. This was accompanied by a substantial decrease in macrophage infiltration, as well as a decrease of M1 and M2 macrophages and a suppression of macrophage to obtain myofibroblast phenotype in the obstructive kidneys of Pfkfb3 ΔMϕ mice. Mechanistic studies indicate that glycolytic metabolites stabilize HIF1α, leading to alterations in macrophage phenotype that contribute to renal fibrosis. In conclusion, our study implicates that targeting myeloid glycolysis represents a novel approach to inhibit renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhua Yang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Emily Huo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Augusta Preparatory Day School, Martinez, GA, United States
| | - Yongfeng Cai
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Zhidan Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Charles Dong
- Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - John M. Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Huidong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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18
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Zhang FL, Hu Z, Wang YF, Zhang WJ, Zhou BW, Sun QS, Lin ZB, Liu KX. Organoids transplantation attenuates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice through L-Malic acid-mediated M2 macrophage polarization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6779. [PMID: 37880227 PMCID: PMC10600233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal organoid transplantation is a promising therapy for the treatment of mucosal injury. However, how the transplanted organoids regulate the immune microenvironment of recipient mice and their role in treating intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unclear. Here, we establish a method for transplanting intestinal organoids into intestinal I/R mice. We find that transplantation improve mouse survival, promote self-renewal of intestinal stem cells and regulate the immune microenvironment after intestinal I/R, depending on the enhanced ability of macrophages polarized to an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Specifically, we report that L-Malic acid (MA) is highly expressed and enriched in the organoids-derived conditioned medium and cecal contents of transplanted mice, demonstrating that organoids secrete MA during engraftment. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that MA induces M2 macrophage polarization and restores interleukin-10 levels in a SOCS2-dependent manner. This study provides a therapeutic strategy for intestinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Ling Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bo-Wei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qi-Shun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ze-Bin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Droho S, Voigt AP, Sterling JK, Rajesh A, Chan KS, Cuda CM, Perlman H, Lavine JA. NR4A1 deletion promotes pro-angiogenic polarization of macrophages derived from classical monocytes in a mouse model of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:238. [PMID: 37858232 PMCID: PMC10588116 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02928-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neovascular age-related macular degeneration causes vision loss from destructive angiogenesis, termed choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Cx3cr1-/- mice display alterations in non-classical monocytes and microglia with increased CNV size, suggesting that non-classical monocytes may inhibit CNV formation. NR4A1 is a transcription factor that is necessary for maturation of non-classical monocytes from classical monocytes. While Nr4a1-/- mice are deficient in non-classical monocytes, results are confounded by macrophage hyper-activation. Nr4a1se2/se2 mice lack a transcriptional activator, resulting in non-classical monocyte loss without macrophage hyper-activation. MAIN BODY We subjected Nr4a1-/- and Nr4a1se2/se2 mice to the laser-induced CNV model and performed multi-parameter flow cytometry. We found that both models lack non-classical monocytes, but only Nr4a1-/- mice displayed increased CNV area. Additionally, CD11c+ macrophages were increased in Nr4a1-/- mice. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis uncovered that CD11c+ macrophages were enriched from Nr4a1-/- mice and expressed a pro-angiogenic transcriptomic profile that was disparate from prior reports of macrophage hyper-activation. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that non-classical monocytes are dispensable during CNV, and NR4A1 deficiency results in increased recruitment of pro-angiogenic macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Droho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Andrew P Voigt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jacob K Sterling
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Amrita Rajesh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kyle S Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Carla M Cuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Harris Perlman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jeremy A Lavine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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20
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Yao Y, Li J, Zhou Y, Wang S, Zhang Z, Jiang Q, Li K. Macrophage/microglia polarization for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1276225. [PMID: 37842315 PMCID: PMC10569308 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1276225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages/microglia are immune system defense and homeostatic cells that develop from bone marrow progenitor cells. According to the different phenotypes and immune responses of macrophages (Th1 and Th2), the two primary categories of polarized macrophages/microglia are those conventionally activated (M1) and alternatively activated (M2). Macrophage/microglial polarization is a key regulating factor in the development of inflammatory disorders, cancers, metabolic disturbances, and neural degeneration. Macrophage/microglial polarization is involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, pathological angiogenesis, and tissue healing processes in ocular diseases, particularly in diabetic retinopathy (DR). The functional phenotypes of macrophages/microglia affect disease progression and prognosis, and thus regulate the polarization or functional phenotype of microglia at different DR stages, which may offer new concepts for individualized therapy of DR. This review summarizes the involvement of macrophage/microglia polarization in physiological situations and in the pathological process of DR, and discusses the promising role of polarization in personalized treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Suyu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziran Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Keran Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Yang Q, Huo E, Cai Y, Zhang Z, Dong C, Asara JM, Wei Q. PFKFB3-Mediated Glycolysis Boosts Fibroblast Activation and Subsequent Kidney Fibrosis. Cells 2023; 12:2081. [PMID: 37626891 PMCID: PMC10453197 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis, a hallmark of chronic kidney diseases, is driven by the activation of renal fibroblasts. Recent studies have highlighted the role of glycolysis in this process. Nevertheless, one critical glycolytic activator, 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3), remains unexplored in renal fibrosis. Upon reanalyzing the single-cell sequencing data from Dr. Humphreys' lab, we noticed an upregulation of glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the TGFβ signaling pathway in myofibroblasts from fibrotic kidneys after unilateral ureter obstruction (UUO) or kidney ischemia/reperfusion. Furthermore, our experiments showed significant induction of PFKFB3 in mouse kidneys following UUO or kidney ischemia/reperfusion. To delve deeper into the role of PFKFB3, we generated mice with Pfkfb3 deficiency, specifically in myofibroblasts (Pfkfb3f/f/PostnMCM). Following UUO or kidney ischemia/reperfusion, a substantial decrease in fibrosis in the injured kidneys of Pfkfb3f/f/PostnMCM mice was identified compared to their wild-type littermates. Additionally, in cultured renal fibroblast NRK-49F cells, PFKFB3 was elevated upon exposure to TGFβ1, accompanied by an increase in α-SMA and fibronectin. Notably, this upregulation was significantly diminished with PFKFB3 knockdown, correlated with glycolysis suppression. Mechanistically, the glycolytic metabolite lactate promoted the fibrotic activation of NRK-49F cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the critical role of PFKFB3 in driving fibroblast activation and subsequent renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhua Yang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Emily Huo
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Augusta Preparatory Day School, 285 Flowing Wells Rd, Martinez, GA 30907, USA
| | - Yongfeng Cai
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Zhidan Zhang
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Charles Dong
- Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - John M. Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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22
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Chen L, Cao Y, Shen Y, Li H, Ye R, Yao J. Downregulation of PIK3IP1 in retinal microglia promotes retinal pathological neovascularization via PI3K-AKT pathway activation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12754. [PMID: 37550343 PMCID: PMC10406944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39473-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal pathological neovascularization involves endothelial cells, pericytes, photoreceptor cells, ganglion cells, and glial cells, whose roles remain unclear. Using the Scissor algorithm, we found that microglia are associated with formation of fibrovascular membranes and can promote pathological neovascularization. GO and KEGG results showed that PI3K-AKT pathway activation in retinal microglia was associated with pathological neovascularization, and PIK3IP1 was associated with retinal microglia activation. Then we used PCR, Western blot and Elisa techniques to confirm that the expression of VEGFA, FGF2, HGFα and MMP9 was increased in microglia after Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction. We also used cell flow cytometry and OIR models to verify the role of PI3K-AKT pathway and PIK3IP1 in microglia. Targeting of PIK3IP1 regulated the activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway in microglia, microglia function activation, and pro-angiogenic effects. These findings reveal the role of M1-type microglia in pathological neovascularization and suggests that targeting the PI3K-AKT pathway in microglia may be a new strategy for treating retinal pathological neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lushu Chen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 138 Han Zhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 138 Han Zhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yaming Shen
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 138 Han Zhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Huan Li
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 138 Han Zhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rong Ye
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 138 Han Zhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jin Yao
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 138 Han Zhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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23
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Liu DD, Zhang CY, Zhang JT, Gu LM, Xu GT, Zhang JF. Epigenetic modifications and metabolic memory in diabetic retinopathy: beyond the surface. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1441-1449. [PMID: 36571340 PMCID: PMC10075108 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.361536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics focuses on DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, noncoding RNAs, and other gene regulation mechanisms beyond the DNA sequence. In the past decade, epigenetic modifications have drawn more attention as they participate in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy despite tight control of glucose levels. The underlying mechanisms of epigenetic modifications in diabetic retinopathy still urgently need to be elucidated. The diabetic condition facilitates epigenetic changes and influences target gene expression. In this review, we summarize the involvement of epigenetic modifications and metabolic memory in the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy and propose novel insights into the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Department of Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Yang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine; Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Ting Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine; Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Min Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Tong Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Department of Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Fa Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine; Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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24
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Zhang Y, Sheng R, Chen J, Wang H, Zhu Y, Cao Z, Zhao X, Wang Z, Liu C, Chen Z, Zhang P, Kuang B, Zheng H, Shen C, Yao Q, Zhang W. Silk Fibroin and Sericin Differentially Potentiate the Paracrine and Regenerative Functions of Stem Cells Through Multiomics Analysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210517. [PMID: 36915982 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Silk fibroin (SF) and sericin (SS), the two major proteins of silk, are attractive biomaterials with great potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, their biochemical interactions with stem cells remain unclear. In this study, multiomics are employed to obtain a global view of the cellular processes and pathways of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) triggered by SF and SS to discern cell-biomaterial interactions at an in-depth, high-throughput molecular level. Integrated RNA sequencing and proteomic analysis confirm that SF and SS initiate widespread but distinct cellular responses and potentiate the paracrine functions of MSCs that regulate extracellular matrix deposition, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation through differentially activating the integrin/PI3K/Akt and glycolysis signaling pathways. These paracrine signals of MSCs stimulated by SF and SS effectively improve skin regeneration by regulating the behavior of multiple resident cells (fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and macrophages) in the skin wound microenvironment. Compared to SS, SF exhibits better immunomodulatory effects in vitro and in vivo, indicating its greater potential as a carrier material of MSCs for skin regeneration. This study provides comprehensive and reliable insights into the cellular interactions with SF and SS, enabling the future development of silk-based therapeutics for tissue engineering and stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Renwang Sheng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jialin Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhicheng Cao
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210006, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhimei Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Chuanquan Liu
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhixuan Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Po Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210006, China
| | - Baian Kuang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haotian Zheng
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chuanlai Shen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210006, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, 310058, China
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25
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Wang X, Fan W, Li N, Ma Y, Yao M, Wang G, He S, Li W, Tan J, Lu Q, Hou S. YY1 lactylation in microglia promotes angiogenesis through transcription activation-mediated upregulation of FGF2. Genome Biol 2023; 24:87. [PMID: 37085894 PMCID: PMC10120156 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02931-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness. Retinal microglia have been implicated in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis and vasculopathy, but the underlying mechanisms are not entirely clear. Lactylation is a novel lactate-derived posttranslational modification that plays key roles in multiple cellular processes. Since hypoxia in ischemic retinopathy is a precipitating factor for retinal neovascularization, lactylation is very likely to be involved in this process. The present study aimed to explore the role of lactylation in retinal neovascularization and identify new therapeutic targets for retinal neovascular diseases. RESULTS Microglial depletion by the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor PLX3397 suppresses retinal neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy. Hypoxia increased lactylation in microglia and accelerates FGF2 expression, promoting retinal neovascularization. We identify 77 sites of 67 proteins with increased lactylation in the context of increased lactate under hypoxia. Our results show that the nonhistone protein Yin Yang-1 (YY1), a transcription factor, is lactylated at lysine 183 (K183), which is regulated by p300. Hyperlactylated YY1 directly enhances FGF2 transcription and promotes angiogenesis. YY1 mutation at K183 eliminates these effects. Overexpression of p300 increases YY1 lactylation and enhances angiogenesis in vitro and administration of the p300 inhibitor A485 greatly suppresses vascularization in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that YY1 lactylation in microglia plays an important role in retinal neovascularization by upregulating FGF2 expression. Targeting the lactate/p300/YY1 lactylation/FGF2 axis may provide new therapeutic targets for proliferative retinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yan Ma
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mudi Yao
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Siyuan He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanqian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Lu
- The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shengping Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China.
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Wang Z, An H, Tang J, Jin E, Li S, Zhang L, Huang L, Qu J. Elevated number and density of macrophage-like cell as a novel inflammation biomarker in diabetic macular edema. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5320. [PMID: 37002291 PMCID: PMC10066327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To quantitatively analyze the number and density of macrophage-like cells (MLCs) at the vitreoretinal interface at macular region in diabetic retinopathy (DR) with and without diabetic macular edema (DME). This cross-sectional study involved 240 eyes of 146 treatment-naïve DR patients, including 151 eyes with DME. The number and density of MLCs were analyzed quantitatively using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and were compared between DME and non-DME eyes as well as proliferative DR (PDR) and non-PDR (NPDR) eyes. Correlation between MLCs density and vessel density of macular superficial capillary plexus (SCP) at macular region was evaluated. The number and density of macular MLCs were both elevated in DME group compared to non-DME group (all p < 0.001). The morphology of MLCs in DME eyes appeared larger and fuller. NPDR eyes had higher number and density of MLCs (p = 0.027 and 0.026), greater central macular thickness (CMT) (p = 0.002) and vessel density than PDR eyes in non-DME group but comparable to PDR eyes in DME group. The number and density of MLCs at macular region were significantly higher with larger and fuller morphology in DR patients with DME than those without DME. PDR eyes had fewer MLCs than NPDR eyes for DR eyes without DME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongyi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyang Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Enzhong Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Siying Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Linqi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lvzhen Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Qu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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Zhai L, Ruan S, Wang J, Guan Q, Zha L. NADPH oxidase 4 regulate the glycolytic metabolic reprogramming of microglial cells to promote M1 polarization. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23318. [PMID: 36762617 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the polarization of microglial cells. Microglial cells were transfected with the NOX4 overexpression plasmid (pGL3-NOX4), and later treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) to induce its M1 polarization. Later, the F4/80 + CD86 + cell proportion was detected by flow cytometry (FCM), the inflammatory factor expression levels were analyzed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1) and PKM2 expression were measured by immunofluorescence (IF) staining. In addition, dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate probe was utilized to detect the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, glucose uptake, and glycolysis, as well as lactic acid level. The expression of glycolytic enzymes PKM2, HK2, and citrate (Si)-synthas (CS) was detected by Western-blot (WB) assay. Moreover, the polarization level of microglial cells was detected after ROS expression was suppressed by the ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC). In mouse experiments, LPS was applied in inducing central neuroinflammation in NOX4 knockdown mouse model (KO) and wild-type mice (WT). Thereafter, the inflammatory factor levels and lactic acid level in mouse tissues were detected; IBA-1 and CD86 expression in mice was measured by IF staining; and the expression of glycolytic enzymes PKM2, HK2, and CS in the central nervous system (CNS) was also detected. After NOX4 overexpression in microglial cells, the M1 polarization level was upregulated, the F4/80 + CD86 + cell proportion increased, and inflammatory factors were upregulated. At the same time, the expression of glycolytic enzymes PKM2, HK2, and CS was upregulated. NAC pretreatment suppressed the effects of NOX4, reduced the F4/80 + CD86 + cell proportion, and suppressed the expression of PKM2, HK2, and CS. In the mouse model, the expression levels of CD86 in KO group decreased, and the inflammatory factors were also downregulated. NOX4 promotes glycolysis of microglial cells via ROS, thus accelerating M1 polarization and inflammatory factor expression. In this regard, NOX4 is promising as a new target for the treatment of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shuiliang Ruan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Qiaobing Guan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Li Zha
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Afonso J, Gonçalves C, Costa M, Ferreira D, Santos L, Longatto-Filho A, Baltazar F. Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming in Bladder Cancer: Hexokinase 2 (HK2) as Prognostic Biomarker and Target for Bladder Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030982. [PMID: 36765947 PMCID: PMC9913750 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferating cancer cells are able to reprogram their energy metabolism, favouring glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen and fully functioning mitochondria. Research is needed to validate the glycolysis-related proteins as prognostic/predictive biomarkers in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC), a malignancy tagged by high recurrence rates and poor response to chemotherapy. Here, we assessed GLUT1, HK2, PFKL, PKM2, phospho-PDH, and LDHA immunoexpression in 76 UBC samples, differentiating among urothelial, fibroblast, and endothelial cells and among normoxic versus hypoxic areas. We additionally studied the functional effects of the HK2 inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) in "in vitro" and "in vivo" preclinical UBC models. We showed that the expression of the glycolysis-related proteins is associated with UBC aggressiveness and poor prognosis. HK2 remained as an independent prognostic factor for disease-free and overall survival. 2DG decreased the UBC cell's viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion; the inhibition of cell cycle progression and apoptosis occurrence was also verified. A significant reduction in tumour growth and blood vessel formation upon 2DG treatment was observed in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. 2DG potentiated the cisplatin-induced inhibition of cell viability in a cisplatin-resistant subline. This study highlights HK2 as a prognostic biomarker for UBC patients and demonstrates the potential benefits of using 2DG as a glycolysis inhibitor. Future studies should focus on integrating 2DG into chemotherapy design, as an attempt to overcome cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Afonso
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Céline Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Débora Ferreira
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM14), Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253-60-48-28
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Zaidi SAH, Lemtalsi T, Xu Z, Santana I, Sandow P, Labazi L, Caldwell RW, Caldwell RB, Rojas MA. Role of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol transferase 1 (ACAT1) in retinal neovascularization. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:14. [PMID: 36691048 PMCID: PMC9869542 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02700-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have investigated the efficacy of a new strategy to limit pathological retinal neovascularization (RNV) during ischemic retinopathy by targeting the cholesterol metabolizing enzyme acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol transferase 1 (ACAT1). Dyslipidemia and cholesterol accumulation have been strongly implicated in promoting subretinal NV. However, little is known about the role of cholesterol metabolism in RNV. Here, we tested the effects of inhibiting ACAT1 on pathological RNV in the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). METHODS In vivo studies used knockout mice that lack the receptor for LDL cholesterol (LDLR-/-) and wild-type mice. The wild-type mice were treated with a specific inhibitor of ACAT1, K604 (10 mg/kg, i.p) or vehicle (PBS) during OIR. In vitro studies used human microglia exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and treated with the ACAT1 inhibitor (1 μM) or PBS. RESULTS Analysis of OIR retinas showed that increased expression of inflammatory mediators and pathological RNV were associated with significant increases in expression of the LDLR, increased accumulation of neutral lipids, and formation of toxic levels of cholesterol ester (CE). Deletion of the LDLR completely blocked OIR-induced RNV and significantly reduced the AVA. The OIR-induced increase in CE formation was accompanied by significant increases in expression of ACAT1, VEGF and inflammatory factors (TREM1 and MCSF) (p < 0.05). ACAT1 was co-localized with TREM1, MCSF, and macrophage/microglia makers (F4/80 and Iba1) in areas of RNV. Treatment with K604 prevented retinal accumulation of neutral lipids and CE formation, inhibited RNV, and decreased the AVA as compared to controls (p < 0.05). The treatment also blocked upregulation of LDLR, ACAT1, TREM1, MCSF, and inflammatory cytokines but did not alter VEGF expression. K604 treatment of microglia cells also blocked the effects of OGD in increasing expression of ACAT1, TREM1, and MCSF without altering VEGF expression. CONCLUSIONS OIR-induced RNV is closely associated with increases in lipid accumulation and CE formation along with increased expression of LDLR, ACAT1, TREM1, and MCSF. Inhibiting ACAT1 blocked these effects and limited RNV independently of alterations in VEGF expression. This pathway offers a novel strategy to limit vascular injury during ischemic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed A H Zaidi
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912-2500, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Tahira Lemtalsi
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912-2500, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Zhimin Xu
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912-2500, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Isabella Santana
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912-2500, USA
| | - Porsche Sandow
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Leila Labazi
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912-2500, USA
| | - Robert W Caldwell
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ruth B Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912-2500, USA. .,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Modesto A Rojas
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, 1460 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912-2500, USA. .,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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30
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Chen X, Wang X, Cui Z, Luo Q, Jiang Z, Huang Y, Jiang J, Qiu J, Li Y, Yu K, Zhuang J. M1 Microglia-derived Exosomes Promote Activation of Resting Microglia and Amplifies Proangiogenic Effects through Irf1/miR-155-5p/Socs1 Axis in the Retina. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:1791-1812. [PMID: 37063422 PMCID: PMC10092772 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.79784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of microglia plays a key role in the development of neovascular retinal diseases. Therefore, it is essential to reveal its pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms to interfere with disease progression. Here a publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing dataset is used to identify that intercellular communications from M1 microglia toward M0 microglia are increased in the retinal angiogenesis model via exosomes. Moreover, the results both in vitro and in vivo demonstrate that M1 microglia-derived exosomes promote the activation and enhance the proangiogenic ability of resting microglia. Based on miRNA sequencing of exosomes combined with gene interference, further results show that activated microglia-derived exosomes promoted microglial activation by transmitting polarized signals to M0 microglia via miR-155-5p. Subsequently, miR-155-5p suppresses Socs1 and activates the NFκB pathway, which ultimately causes the inflammatory cascade and amplifies the proangiogenic effect. In addition, upregulated Irf1 drives the expression of miR-155-5p in activated microglia, thus leading to an increase in the tendency of miR-155-5p to be encapsulated by exosomes. Thus, this study elucidates the critical role of intercellular communication among various types of microglia in the complex retinal microenvironment during angiogenesis, and contributes to the novel, targeted, and potential therapeutic strategies for clinical retinal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zedu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zihua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yuke Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jingyi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Keming Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Jing Zhuang (), and Keming Yu ()
| | - Jing Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Jing Zhuang (), and Keming Yu ()
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31
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Liu Z, Shi H, Xu J, Yang Q, Ma Q, Mao X, Xu Z, Zhou Y, Da Q, Cai Y, Fulton DJ, Dong Z, Sodhi A, Caldwell RB, Huo Y. Single-cell transcriptome analyses reveal microglia types associated with proliferative retinopathy. JCI Insight 2022; 7:160940. [PMID: 36264636 PMCID: PMC9746914 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.160940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological angiogenesis is a major cause of irreversible blindness in individuals of all age groups with proliferative retinopathy (PR). Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) within neovascular areas contribute to aberrant retinal angiogenesis. Due to their cellular heterogeneity, defining the roles of MP subsets in PR onset and progression has been challenging. Here, we aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of microglia associated with neovascularization and to characterize the transcriptional profiles and metabolic pathways of proangiogenic microglia in a mouse model of oxygen-induced PR (OIR). Using transcriptional single-cell sorting, we comprehensively mapped all microglia populations in retinas of room air (RA) and OIR mice. We have unveiled several unique types of PR-associated microglia (PRAM) and identified markers, signaling pathways, and regulons associated with these cells. Among these microglia subpopulations, we found a highly proliferative microglia subset with high self-renewal capacity and a hypermetabolic microglia subset that expresses high levels of activating microglia markers, glycolytic enzymes, and proangiogenic Igf1. IHC staining shows that these PRAM were spatially located within or around neovascular tufts. These unique types of microglia have the potential to promote retinal angiogenesis, which may have important implications for future treatment of PR and other pathological ocular angiogenesis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Liu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huidong Shi
- Georgia Cancer Center and,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jiean Xu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Qiuhua Yang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Qian Ma
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Mao
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zhimin Xu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yaqi Zhou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Qingen Da
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongfeng Cai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - David J.R. Fulton
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Akrit Sodhi
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ruth B. Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yuqing Huo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.,James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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32
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Yuan T, Dong L, Pearsall EA, Zhou K, Cheng R, Ma JX. The Protective Role of Microglial PPARα in Diabetic Retinal Neurodegeneration and Neurovascular Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233869. [PMID: 36497130 PMCID: PMC9739170 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial activation and subsequent pathological neuroinflammation contribute to diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, the underlying mechanisms of microgliosis, and means to effectively suppress pathological microgliosis, remain incompletely understood. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is a transcription factor that regulates lipid metabolism. The present study aimed to determine if PPARα affects pathological microgliosis in DR. In global Pparα mice, retinal microglia exhibited decreased structural complexity and enlarged cell bodies, suggesting microglial activation. Microglia-specific conditional Pparα-/- (PCKO) mice showed decreased retinal thickness as revealed by optical coherence tomography. Under streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes, diabetic PCKO mice exhibited decreased electroretinography response, while diabetes-induced retinal dysfunction was alleviated in diabetic microglia-specific Pparα-transgenic (PCTG) mice. Additionally, diabetes-induced retinal pericyte loss was exacerbated in diabetic PCKO mice and alleviated in diabetic PCTG mice. In cultured microglial cells with the diabetic stressor 4-HNE, metabolic flux analysis demonstrated that Pparα ablation caused a metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. Pparα deficiency also increased microglial STING and TNF-α expression. Taken together, these findings revealed a critical role for PPARα in pathological microgliosis, neurodegeneration, and vascular damage in DR, providing insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of microgliosis in this context and suggesting microglial PPARα as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Lijie Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Elizabeth A. Pearsall
- Vision Research Center, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Kelu Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Correspondence: (R.C.); (J.-X.M.); Tel.: +1-336-716-3914 (R.C.); +1-336-716-4676 (J.-X.M.)
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Correspondence: (R.C.); (J.-X.M.); Tel.: +1-336-716-3914 (R.C.); +1-336-716-4676 (J.-X.M.)
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33
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Ma X, Wu W, Liang W, Takahashi Y, Cai J, Ma JX. Modulation of cGAS-STING signaling by PPARα in a mouse model of ischemia-induced retinopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208934119. [PMID: 36409895 PMCID: PMC9860285 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208934119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In ischemic retinopathy, overactivated retinal myeloid cells are a crucial driving force of pathological angiogenesis and inflammation. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling are key regulators of inflammation. This study aims to investigate the association of cGAS-STING signaling with ischemic retinopathy and the regulation of its activation. We found that protein levels of cGAS and STING were markedly up-regulated in retinal myeloid cells isolated from mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Knockout of Sting and pharmacological inhibition of STING both alleviated retinal neovascularization (NV) and reduced retinal vascular leakage in OIR. Further, Sting knockout and STING inhibitor also alleviated leukocyte adhesion to retinal vasculature and infiltration into the retina as well as microglial activation in OIR. These results suggest that cGAS-STING signaling played a pathogenic role in retinal myeloid cell activation and NV in ischemic retinopathy. To identify the regulation of cGAS-STING signaling in OIR, we evaluated the role of transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). The results demonstrated that PPARα was down-regulated in OIR retinas, primarily in myeloid cells. Furthermore, Pparα knockout significantly up-regulated cGAS and STING levels in retinal CD11b+ cells, while PPARα agonist inhibited cGAS-STING signaling and cytosolic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release, a causative feature for cGAS activation. Knockout of Sting ameliorated retinal NV, hyperpermeability, and leukostasis in Pparα-/- mice with OIR. These observations suggest that PPARα regulates cGAS-STING signaling, likely through mtDNA release, and thus, is a potential therapeutic target for ischemic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Wentao Liang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
| | - Jiyang Cai
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
| | - Jian-xing Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK73104
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC27157
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Shang M, Zhang Y, Zhang T. IFI44L and C1QTNF5 as promising biomarkers of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31961. [PMID: 36451477 PMCID: PMC9704899 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a world-wide leading cause of blindness among adults and may be associated with the influence of genetic factors. It is significant to search for genetic biomarkers of PDR. In our study, we collected genomic data about PDR from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were carried out. The gene module with the highest gene significance (GS) was defined as the key module. Hub genes were identified by Venn diagram. Then we verified the expression of hub genes in validation data sets and built a diagnostic model by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Enrichment analysis, including gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were conducted. In GSE60436, we identified 466 DEGs. WGCNA established 14 gene modules, and the blue module (GS = 0.64), was the key module. Interferon (IFN)-induced protein 44-like (IFI44L) and complement C1q tumor necrosis factor-related protein 5 (C1QTNF5) were identified as hub genes. The expression of hub genes in GEO datasets was verified and a diagnostic model was constructed by LASSO as follows: index = IFI44L * 0.0432 + C1QTNF5 * 0.11246. IFI44L and C1QTNF5 might affect the disease progression of PDR by regulating metabolism-related and inflammatory pathways. IFI44L and C1QTNF5 may play important roles in the disease process of PDR, and a LASSO regression model suggested that the 2 genes could serve as promising biomarkers of PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Shang
- He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- He Eye Specialist Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- * Correspondence: Tongtong Zhang, He Eye Specialist Hospital, No.128 North Huanghe Street, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110034, China (e-mail: )
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35
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Liu Z, Mao X, Yang Q, Zhang X, Xu J, Ma Q, Zhou Y, Da Q, Cai Y, Sopeyin A, Dong Z, Hong M, Caldwell RB, Sodhi A, Huo Y. Suppression of myeloid PFKFB3-driven glycolysis protects mice from choroidal neovascularization. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:5109-5131. [PMID: 35830274 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pathological angiogenesis is a major cause of irreversible blindness in individuals with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Macrophages and microglia (MΦ) contribute to aberrant ocular angiogenesis. However, the role of glucose metabolism of MΦ in nAMD is still undefined. Here, we have investigated the involvement of glycolysis, driven by the kinase/phosphatase PFKFB3, in the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH CNV was induced in mice with laser photocoagulation. Choroid/retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) complexes and MΦ were isolated for analysis by qRT-PCR, western blot, flow cytometry, immunostaining, metabolic measurements and angiogenesis assays. KEY RESULTS MΦ accumulated within the CNV of murine nAMD models and expressed high levels of glycolysis-related enzymes and M1/M2 polarization markers. This phenotype of hyper-glycolytic and activated MΦ was replicated in bone marrow-derived macrophages stimulated by necrotic RPE in vitro. Myeloid cell-specific knockout of PFKFB3, a key glycolytic activator, attenuated pathological neovascularization in laser-induced CNV, which was associated with decreased expression of MΦ polarization markers and pro-angiogenic factors, along with decreased sprouting of vessels in choroid/RPE complexes. Mechanistically, necrotic RPE increased PFKFB3-driven glycolysis in macrophages, leading to activation of HIF-1α/HIF-2α and NF-κB, and subsequent induction of M1/M2 markers and pro-angiogenic cytokines, finally promoting macrophage reprogramming towards an angiogenic phenotype to facilitate development of CNV. The PFKFB3 inhibitor AZ67 also inhibited activation of HIF-1α/HIF-2α and NF-κB signalling and almost completely prevented laser-induced CNV in mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Modulation of PFKFB3-mediated macrophage glycolysis and activation is a promising strategy for the treatment of nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Qiuhua Yang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jiean Xu
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Qian Ma
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yaqi Zhou
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Qingen Da
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongfeng Cai
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anu Sopeyin
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruth B Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Akrit Sodhi
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yuqing Huo
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
- James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
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36
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Hu Q, Zhang X, Sun M, jiang B, Zhang Z, Sun D. Potential epigenetic molecular regulatory networks in ocular neovascularization. Front Genet 2022; 13:970224. [PMID: 36118885 PMCID: PMC9478661 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.970224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization is one of the many manifestations of ocular diseases, including corneal injury and vascular diseases of the retina and choroid. Although anti-VEGF drugs have been used to effectively treat neovascularization, long-term use of anti-angiogenic factors can cause a variety of neurological and developmental side effects. As a result, better drugs to treat ocular neovascularization are urgently required. There is mounting evidence that epigenetic regulation is important in ocular neovascularization. DNA methylation and histone modification, non-coding RNA, and mRNA modification are all examples of epigenetic mechanisms. In order to shed new light on epigenetic therapeutics in ocular neovascularization, this review focuses on recent advances in the epigenetic control of ocular neovascularization as well as discusses these new mechanisms.
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Fouda AY, Xu Z, Suwanpradid J, Rojas M, Shosha E, Lemtalsi T, Patel C, Xing J, Zaidi SA, Zhi W, Stansfield BK, Cheng PNM, Narayanan SP, Caldwell RW, Caldwell RB. Targeting proliferative retinopathy: Arginase 1 limits vitreoretinal neovascularization and promotes angiogenic repair. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:745. [PMID: 36038541 PMCID: PMC9424300 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Current therapies for treatment of proliferative retinopathy focus on retinal neovascularization (RNV) during advanced disease and can trigger adverse side-effects. Here, we have tested a new strategy for limiting neurovascular injury and promoting repair during early-stage disease. We have recently shown that treatment with a stable, pegylated drug form of the ureohydrolase enzyme arginase 1 (A1) provides neuroprotection in acute models of ischemia/reperfusion injury, optic nerve crush, and ischemic stroke. Now, we have determined the effects of this treatment on RNV, vascular repair, and retinal function in the mouse oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Our studies in the OIR model show that treatment with pegylated A1 (PEG-A1), inhibits pathological RNV, promotes angiogenic repair, and improves retinal function by a mechanism involving decreased expression of TNF, iNOS, and VEGF and increased expression of FGF2 and A1. We further show that A1 is expressed in myeloid cells and areas of RNV in retinal sections from mice with OIR and human diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients and in blood samples from ROP patients. Moreover, studies using knockout mice with hemizygous deletion of A1 show worsened RNV and retinal injury, supporting the protective role of A1 in limiting the OIR-induced pathology. Collectively, A1 is critically involved in reparative angiogenesis and neuroprotection in OIR. Pegylated A1 may offer a novel therapy for limiting retinal injury and promoting repair during proliferative retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman Y Fouda
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zhimin Xu
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jutamas Suwanpradid
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Modesto Rojas
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Esraa Shosha
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tahira Lemtalsi
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Chintan Patel
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ji Xing
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Syed A Zaidi
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhi
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brain K Stansfield
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Paul Ning-Man Cheng
- Bio-cancer Treatment International, 511-513, Bioinformatics Building, Hong Kong Science Park, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Priya Narayanan
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - R William Caldwell
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Ruth B Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA. .,Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Jia Y, Chen J, Zheng Z, Tao Y, Zhang S, Zou M, Yang Y, Xue M, Hu F, Li Y, Zhang Q, Xue Y, Zheng Z. Tubular epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles induce macrophage glycolysis by stabilizing HIF-1α in diabetic kidney disease. Mol Med 2022; 28:95. [PMID: 35962319 PMCID: PMC9373297 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Albuminuria is a hallmark of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) that promotes its progression, leading to renal fibrosis. Renal macrophage function is complex and influenced by macrophage metabolic status. However, the metabolic state of diabetic renal macrophages and the impact of albuminuria on the macrophage metabolic state are poorly understood. Methods Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. Glycolytic enzyme expression in macrophages co-cultured with HSA-treated HK-2 cell-derived EVs was detected using RT-qPCR and western blotting. The potential role of EV-associated HIF-1α in the mediation of glycolysis was explored in HIF-1α siRNA pre-transfected macrophages co-cultured with HSA-treated HK-2 cell-derived EVs, and the extent of HIF-1α hydroxylation was measured using western blotting. Additionally, we injected db/db mice with EVs via the caudal vein twice a week for 4 weeks. Renal macrophages were isolated using CD11b microbeads, and immunohistofluorescence was applied to confirm the levels of glycolytic enzymes and HIF-1α in these macrophages. Results Glycolysis was activated in diabetic renal macrophages after co-culture with HSA-treated HK-2 cells. Moreover, HSA-treated HK-2 cell-derived EVs promoted macrophage glycolysis both in vivo and in vitro. Inhibition of glycolysis activation in macrophages using the glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG decreased the expression of both inflammatory and fibrotic genes. Mechanistically, EVs from HSA-stimulated HK-2 cells were found to accelerate macrophage glycolysis by stabilizing HIF-1α. We also found that several miRNAs and lncRNAs, which have been reported to stabilize HIF-1α expression, were increased in HSA-treated HK-2 cell-derived EVs. Conclusion Our study suggested that albuminuria induced renal macrophage glycolysis through tubular epithelial cell-derived EVs by stabilizing HIF-1α, indicating that regulation of macrophage glycolysis may offer a new treatment strategy for DKD patients, especially those with macroalbuminuria. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s10020-022-00525-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Jia
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhikang Zheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Tao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong General Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meina Zou
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanlin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Meng Xue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yaoming Xue
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Zongji Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Shen H, Pei H, Zhai L, Guan Q, Wang G. Salvianolic acid C improves cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through suppressing microglial cell M1 polarization and promoting cerebral angiogenesis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109021. [PMID: 35810493 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of salvianolic acid C (SAC), the active ingredient in Salvia miltiorrhiza, in improving cerebral ischemia injury. The mouse microglial cells BV2 and mouse endothelial cells bEnd.3 were used as the objects of study. LPS/IFN-γ was applied to simulate the BV2 polarization, and bEnd.3 cells were treated under hypoxic condition. The BV2 cell polarization level was measured through flow cytometry (FCM), the TLR4 and MyD88 expression levels were detected by fluorescence staining, whereas the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β was analyzed through ELISA. Tubule formation assay was also conducted to observe the tubule formation ability of bEnd.3 cells in vitro, and the level of VEGFR2 was detected by fluorescence staining. Cells were treated with the PKM2 inhibitor IN3, aiming to observe the influence of SAC on glycolysis of BV2 cells. In addition, the mouse model of cerebral ischemia was constructed through the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method, and the pathological changes in brain tissues were detected after SAC intervention. Meanwhile, the levels of IBA-1, CD31 and ZO-1 were determined through histochemical staining. Nissl staining to detect nerve cell damage. In BV2 cell experiment, SAC suppressed the M1 polarization of BV2 cells, reduced the inflammatory factor levels, and inhibited the activation of TLR4 signal through suppressing glycolysis. When PKM2 was suppressed, the effects of SAC were antagonized. In the bEnd.3 model, SAC promoted tubule formation in bEnd.3 cells under hypoxic condition, and increased the expression of VEGFR2 and Notch1. In the mouse model, SAC improved the neurological function in MCAO mice, and inhibited the activation of microglial cells and the expression of inflammatory factors. At the same time, SAC up-regulated the expression of ZO-1 and CD31, and maintained the blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. As a major component of Salvia miltiorrhiza, SAC can suppress microglial cell polarization and promote tubule formation in endothelial cells to exert the neurological repair function in cerebral ischemia. SAC is a multi-functional neuroprotective small molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Shen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, China
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Liping Zhai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, China
| | - Qiaobing Guan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, China.
| | - Genghuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, China.
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Fan L, Liu H, Zhu G, Singh S, Yu Z, Wang S, Luo H, Liu S, Xu Y, Ge J, Jiang D, Pang J. Caspase-4/11 is critical for angiogenesis by repressing Notch1 signaling via inhibiting γ-secretase activity. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4809-4828. [PMID: 35737588 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Notch1 activation mediated by γ-secretase is critical for angiogenesis. GeneCards database predicted that Caspase-4 (CASP4, with murine ortholog CASP11) interacts with presenilin-1, the catalytic core of γ-secretase. Therefore, we investigated the role of CASP4/11 in angiogenesis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In vivo, we studied the role of Casp11 in several angiogenesis mouse models using Casp11 wild-type and knockout mice. In vitro, we detected the effects of CASP4 on endothelial functions and Notch signaling by depleting or overexpressing CASP4 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The functional domain responsible for the binding of CASP4 and presenilin-1 was detected by mutagenesis and co-immunoprecipitation. KEY RESULTS Casp11 deficiency remarkably impaired adult angiogenesis in ischemic hindlimbs, melanoma xenografts and Matrigel plugs, but not the developmental angiogenesis of retina. Bone marrow transplantation revealed that the pro-angiogenic effect depended on CASP11 derived from non-hematopoietic cells. CASP4 expression was induced by inflammatory factors and CASP4 knockdown decreased cell viability, proliferation, migration and tube formation in HUVECs. Mechanistically, CASP4/11 deficiency increased Notch1 activation in vivo and in vitro, while CASP4 overexpression repressed Notch1 signaling in HUVECs. Moreover, CASP4 knockdown increased γ-secretase activity. γ-Secretase inhibitor DAPT restored the effects of CASP4 siRNA on Notch1 activation and angiogenesis in HUVECs. Notably, the catalytic activity of CASP4/11 was dispensable. Instead, CASP4 directly interacted with presenilin-1 through the caspase recruitment domain (CARD). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These findings reveal a critical role of CASP4/11 in adult angiogenesis and make this molecule a promising therapeutic target for angiogenesis-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Fan
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Pan-vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shekhar Singh
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shiying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Pan-vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Pan-vascular Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjiang Pang
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
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Shosha E, Qin L, Lemtalsi T, Zaidi SAH, Rojas M, Xu Z, Caldwell RW, Caldwell RB, Fouda AY. Investigation of Retinal Metabolic Function in Type 1 Diabetic Akita Mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:900640. [PMID: 35722112 PMCID: PMC9201036 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.900640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in working age adults. Understanding the retinal metabolic response to circulating high glucose levels in diabetic patients is critical for development of new therapeutics to treat DR. Measuring retinal metabolic function using the Seahorse analyzer is a promising technique to investigate the effect of hyperglycemia on retinal glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. Here, we analyzed the retinal metabolic function in young and old diabetic and control mice. We also compared the expression of key glycolytic enzymes between the two groups. The Seahorse XF analyzer was used to measure the metabolic function of retina explants from young and old type 1 diabetic Akita (Ins2Akita) mice and their control littermates. Rate-limiting glycolytic enzymes were analyzed in retina lysates from the two age groups by Western blotting. Retinas from young adult Akita mice showed a decreased glycolytic response as compared to control littermates. However, this was not observed in the older mice. Western blotting analysis showed decreased expression of the glycolytic enzyme PFKFB3 in the young Akita mice retinas. Measurement of the oxygen consumption rate showed no difference in retinal mitochondrial respiration between Akita and WT littermates under normal glucose conditions ex vivo despite mitochondrial fragmentation in the Akita retinas as examined by electron microscopy. However, Akita mice retinas showed decreased mitochondrial respiration under glucose-free conditions. In conclusion, diabetic retinas display a decreased glycolytic response during the early course of diabetes which is accompanied by a reduction in PFKFB3. Diabetic retinas exhibit decreased mitochondrial respiration under glucose deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa Shosha
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Luke Qin
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Tahira Lemtalsi
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Syed A. H. Zaidi
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Modesto Rojas
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Zhimin Xu
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Robert William Caldwell
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Ruth B. Caldwell
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Ruth B. Caldwell,
| | - Abdelrahman Y. Fouda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
- Abdelrahman Y. Fouda,
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42
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Klotzsche-von Ameln A, Sprott D. Harnessing retinal phagocytes to combat pathological neovascularization in ischemic retinopathies? Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:575-590. [PMID: 35524802 PMCID: PMC9117346 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic retinopathies (IR) are vision-threatening diseases that affect a substantial amount of people across all age groups worldwide. The current treatment options of photocoagulation and anti-VEGF therapy have side effects and are occasionally unable to prevent disease progression. It is therefore worthwhile to consider other molecular targets for the development of novel treatment strategies that could be safer and more efficient. During the manifestation of IR, the retina, normally an immune privileged tissue, encounters enhanced levels of cellular stress and inflammation that attract mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) from the blood stream and activate resident MPs (microglia). Activated MPs have a multitude of effects within the retinal tissue and have the potential to both counter and exacerbate the harmful tissue microenvironment. The present review discusses the current knowledge about the role of inflammation and activated retinal MPs in the major IRs: retinopathy of prematurity and diabetic retinopathy. We focus particularly on MPs and their secreted factors and cell–cell-based interactions between MPs and endothelial cells. We conclude that activated MPs play a major role in the manifestation and progression of IRs and could therefore become a promising new target for novel pharmacological intervention strategies in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Sprott
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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43
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Zeng Y, Zhang X, Mi L, Gan Y, Su Y, Li M, Yang R, Zhang Y, Wen F. Characterization of Macrophage-Like Cells in Retinal Vein Occlusion Using En Face Optical Coherence Tomography. Front Immunol 2022; 13:855466. [PMID: 35309338 PMCID: PMC8927673 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.855466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the clinical features of a macrophage-like cell (MLC) obtained by en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) in retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Methods The study involved 36 patients with treatment-naïve unilateral acute RVO, including 21 branch RVO (BRVO) and 15 central RVO. Vessel density and macular thickness were quantified using OCT angiography. A 3-μm en face OCT slab on the inner limiting membrane in the optic nerve head (ONH) region or macular region was used to visualize the MLCs. The MLCs were binarized and quantified using a semiautomated method. The unaffected fellow eyes served as the control group. Results The morphology of MLCs appeared larger and plumper in RVO eyes. The mean MLC density in the ONH and macular regions was 2.46 times and 2.86 times higher than their fellow eyes, respectively (p < 0.001). The macular MLC density of the occlusive region was significantly lower than that of the unaffected region in BRVO (p = 0.01). The ONH and macular MLC densities in the non-perfused region were significantly lower than those in the perfused region in all RVO eyes (p < 0.001). The ONH MLC density in RVO eyes was negatively correlated with radial peripapillary capillary vessel density (r = -0.413, p = 0.012). Both ONH and macular MLC densities were positively correlated with macular thickness (r = 0.505, p = 0.002; r = 0.385, p = 0.02, respectively). Conclusion The increased density and changes of morphology characterized by OCT may indicate generalized activation and aggregation of MLCs in RVO. More MLCs are recruited in the perfused region rather than the non-perfused region. RVO eyes with a higher density of MLCs tend to suffer from the thicker macula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaoling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruijun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China
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44
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Lee H, Xu Y, Zhu X, Jang C, Choi W, Bae H, Wang W, He L, Jin S, Arany Z, Simons M. Endothelium-derived lactate is required for pericyte function and blood-brain barrier maintenance. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109890. [PMID: 35243676 PMCID: PMC9058541 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells differ from other cell types responsible for the formation of the vascular wall in their unusual reliance on glycolysis for most energy needs, which results in extensive production of lactate. We find that endothelium-derived lactate is taken up by pericytes, and contributes substantially to pericyte metabolism including energy generation and amino acid biosynthesis. Endothelial-pericyte proximity is required to facilitate the transport of endothelium-derived lactate into pericytes. Inhibition of lactate production in the endothelium by deletion of the glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) in mice results in loss of pericyte coverage in the retina and brain vasculatures, leading to the blood-brain barrier breakdown and increased permeability. These abnormalities can be largely restored by oral lactate administration. Our studies demonstrate an unexpected link between endothelial and pericyte metabolisms and the role of endothelial lactate production in the maintenance of the blood-brain barrier integrity. In addition, our observations indicate that lactate supplementation could be a useful therapeutic approach for GLUT1 deficiency metabolic syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon‐Woo Lee
- Yale Cardiovascular Research CenterSection of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Yanying Xu
- Yale Cardiovascular Research CenterSection of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Yale Cardiovascular Research CenterSection of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Woosoung Choi
- School of Life Sciences and Cell Logistics Research CenterGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)GwangjuKorea
| | - Hosung Bae
- Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of California IrvineIrvineCAUSA
| | - Weiwei Wang
- W. M. Keck Biotechnology Resource LaboratoryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Liqun He
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyRudbeck LaboratoryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Suk‐Won Jin
- Yale Cardiovascular Research CenterSection of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- School of Life Sciences and Cell Logistics Research CenterGwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)GwangjuKorea
| | - Zoltan Arany
- Cardiovascular InstitutePerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Michael Simons
- Yale Cardiovascular Research CenterSection of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
- Department of Cell BiologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
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45
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Zhao Y, Wu J, Li D, Liu J, Chen W, Hou Z, Liu K, Jiang L, Chen X, Wang L, Hu B, Zong F, Wang Y, Wang Y. Human ESC-derived immunity- and matrix- regulatory cells ameliorated white matter damage and vascular cognitive impairment in rats subjected to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13223. [PMID: 35437845 PMCID: PMC9136497 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the ability of immunity‐ and matrix‐ regulatory cells (IMRCs) to improve cognitive function in a rat model of vascular cognitive impairment. Materials and Methods A chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) model was established in rats via permanent bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries (two‐vessel occlusion, 2VO). The rats then received intravenous injections of IMRCs or saline. A single injection of different doses of IMRCs (1 × 106 cells/rat, 2 × 106 cells/rat, or 4 × 106 cells/rat) was administered via tail vein 72 h after establishment of the model. To evaluate functional recovery, the rats were subjected to behavioural tests after 30 days of CCH. Imaging, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative real‐time PCR were used to analyse neuroinflammation and white matter injury after 14 and 40 days of CCH. RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) was used to profile gene expression changes in copine 1 (CPNE1) in response to IMRCs treatment. Results Intravenous injection of 4 × 106 IMRCs alleviated white matter damage and ameliorated cognitive deficits in rats subjected to CCH. Immunofluorescence staining suggested that activation of microglia and astrocytes was reduced, and RNA sequencing showed that CPNE1 expression was significantly elevated following treatment with IMRCs. Conclusions Intravenous injection of IMRCs protected against CCH‐induced white matter injury and cognitive impairment inhibition of microglial activation and regulation of microglia polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Da Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Zongren Hou
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kailun Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangrong Zong
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China
| | - Yukai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Cerebrovascular Disease, Beijing, China.,Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
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46
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Rosmus DD, Lange C, Ludwig F, Ajami B, Wieghofer P. The Role of Osteopontin in Microglia Biology: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040840. [PMID: 35453590 PMCID: PMC9027630 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune landscape of the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain and the retina, consists of different myeloid cell populations with distinct tasks to fulfill. Whereas the CNS borders harbor extraparenchymal CNS-associated macrophages whose main duty is to build up a defense against invading pathogens and other damaging factors from the periphery, the resident immune cells of the CNS parenchyma and the retina, microglia, are highly dynamic cells with a plethora of functions during homeostasis and disease. Therefore, microglia are constantly sensing their environment and closely interacting with surrounding cells, which is in part mediated by soluble factors. One of these factors is Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional protein that is produced by different cell types in the CNS, including microglia, and is upregulated in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory conditions. In this review, we discuss the current literature about the interaction between microglia and OPN in homeostasis and several disease entities, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer’s and cerebrovascular diseases (AD, CVD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), in the context of the molecular pathways involved in OPN signaling shaping the function of microglia. As nearly all CNS diseases are characterized by pathological alterations in microglial cells, accompanied by the disturbance of the homeostatic microglia phenotype, the emergence of disease-associated microglia (DAM) states and their interplay with factors shaping the DAM-signature, such as OPN, is of great interest for therapeutical interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clemens Lange
- Eye Center, Freiburg Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (C.L.); (F.L.)
- Ophtha-Lab, Department of Ophthalmology, St. Franziskus Hospital, 48145 Muenster, Germany
| | - Franziska Ludwig
- Eye Center, Freiburg Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (C.L.); (F.L.)
| | - Bahareh Ajami
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA;
| | - Peter Wieghofer
- Institute of Anatomy, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Cellular Neuroanatomy, Institute of Theoretical Medicine, Medical Faculty, Augsburg University, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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47
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Kumar R, Rao GN. Novel Role of Prereplication Complex Component Cell Division Cycle 6 in Retinal Neovascularization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:407-427. [PMID: 35236105 PMCID: PMC8957605 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major aim of this study is to investigate whether CDC6 (cell division cycle 6), a replication origin recognition complex component, plays a role in retinal neovascularization, and if so, to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS In this study, we used a variety of approaches including cellular and moleculer biological methodologies as well as global and tissue-specific knockout mice in combination with an oxygen-induced retinopathy model to study the role of CDC6 in retinal neovascularization. RESULTS VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A)-induced CDC6 expression in a time-dependent manner in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. In addition, VEGFA-induced CDC6 expression was dependent on PLCβ3 (phospholipase Cβ3)-mediated NFATc1 (nuclear factor of activated T cells c1) activation. Furthermore, while siRNA-mediated depletion of PLCβ3, NFATc1, or CDC6 levels blunted VEGFA-induced human retinal microvascular endothelial cell angiogenic events such as proliferation, migration, sprouting, and tube formation, CDC6 overexpression rescued these effects in NFATc1-deficient mouse retinal microvascular endothelial cells. In accordance with these observations, global knockdown of PLCβ3 or endothelial cell-specific deletion of NFATc1 or siRNA-mediated depletion of CDC6 levels substantially inhibited oxygen-induced retinopathy-induced retinal sprouting and neovascularization. In addition, retroviral-mediated overexpression of CDC6 rescued oxygen-induced retinopathy-induced retinal neovascularization from inhibition in PLCβ3 knockout mice and in endothelial cell-specific NFATc1-deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS The above observations clearly reveal that PLCβ3-mediated NFATc1 activation-dependent CDC6 expression plays a crucial role in VEGFA/oxygen-induced retinopathy-induced retinal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
| | - Gadiparthi N Rao
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis
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48
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Monelli E, Villacampa P, Zabala-Letona A, Martinez-Romero A, Llena J, Beiroa D, Gouveia L, Chivite I, Zagmutt S, Gama-Perez P, Osorio-Conles O, Muixi L, Martinez-Gonzalez A, Castillo SD, Martín-Martín N, Castel P, Valcarcel-Jimenez L, Garcia-Gonzalez I, Villena JA, Fernandez-Ruiz S, Serra D, Herrero L, Benedito R, Garcia-Roves P, Vidal J, Cohen P, Nogueiras R, Claret M, Carracedo A, Graupera M. Angiocrine polyamine production regulates adiposity. Nat Metab 2022; 4:327-343. [PMID: 35288722 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reciprocal interactions between endothelial cells (ECs) and adipocytes are fundamental to maintain white adipose tissue (WAT) homeostasis, as illustrated by the activation of angiogenesis upon WAT expansion, a process that is impaired in obesity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between ECs and adipocytes remain poorly understood. Here, we show that local production of polyamines in ECs stimulates adipocyte lipolysis and regulates WAT homeostasis in mice. We promote enhanced cell-autonomous angiogenesis by deleting Pten in the murine endothelium. Endothelial Pten loss leads to a WAT-selective phenotype, characterized by reduced body weight and adiposity in pathophysiological conditions. This phenotype stems from enhanced fatty acid β-oxidation in ECs concomitant with a paracrine lipolytic action on adipocytes, accounting for reduced adiposity. Combined analysis of murine models, isolated ECs and human specimens reveals that WAT lipolysis is mediated by mTORC1-dependent production of polyamines by ECs. Our results indicate that angiocrine metabolic signals are important for WAT homeostasis and organismal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Monelli
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Villacampa
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amaia Zabala-Letona
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anabel Martinez-Romero
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Llena
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Beiroa
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Gouveia
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Iñigo Chivite
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastián Zagmutt
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Gama-Perez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Osorio-Conles
- Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laia Muixi
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainara Martinez-Gonzalez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Sandra D Castillo
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Martín-Martín
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Traslational prostate cancer Research lab, CIC bioGUNE-Basurto, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Pau Castel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorea Valcarcel-Jimenez
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Irene Garcia-Gonzalez
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep A Villena
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron-Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernandez-Ruiz
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
| | - Dolors Serra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Herrero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rui Benedito
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Garcia-Roves
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Department of Endocrinology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul Cohen
- Laboratory of Molecular Metabolism, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rubén Nogueiras
- CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Galician Agency of Investigation, Xunta de Galicia, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Marc Claret
- Neuronal Control of Metabolism Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Traslational prostate cancer Research lab, CIC bioGUNE-Basurto, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque; Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Badalona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Leung SWS, Shi Y. The glycolytic process in endothelial cells and its implications. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:251-259. [PMID: 33850277 PMCID: PMC8791959 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00647-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells play an obligatory role in regulating local vascular tone and maintaining homeostasis in vascular biology. Cell metabolism, converting food to energy in organisms, is the primary self-sustaining mechanism for cell proliferation and reproduction, structure maintenance, and fight-or-flight responses to stimuli. Four major metabolic processes take place in the energy-producing process, including glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, glutamine metabolism, and fatty acid oxidation. Among them, glycolysis is the primary energy-producing mechanism in endothelial cells. The present review focused on glycolysis in endothelial cells under both physiological and pathological conditions. Since the switches among metabolic processes precede the functional changes and disease developments, some prophylactic and/or therapeutic strategies concerning the role of glycolysis in cardiovascular disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan, Wai Sum Leung
- grid.194645.b0000000121742757Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Shi
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
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50
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Cysteine oxidation of copper transporter CTR1 drives VEGFR2 signalling and angiogenesis. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:35-50. [PMID: 35027734 PMCID: PMC8851982 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-021-00822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
VEGFR2 (KDR/Flk1) signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) is essential for developmental and reparative angiogenesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and copper (Cu) are also involved.in these processes. However, their inter-relationship is poorly understood. The role of endothelial Cu importer CTR1 in VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenesis in vivo is hitherto unknown. Here we show that CTR1 functions as a previously unrecognized redox sensor to promote angiogenesis in ECs. CTR1-depleted ECs showed reduced VEGF-induced VEGFR2 signaling and angiogenic responses. Mechanistically, CTR1 was rapidly sulfenylated at Cys189 in cytosolic C-terminus upon VEGF stimulation, which induced CTR1-VEGFR2 disulfide bond formation and their co-internalization to early endosomes, driving sustained VEGFR2 signaling. In vivo, EC-specific Ctr1-deficient mice or CRISPR/Cas9-generated “redox-dead” Cys to Ala Ctr1 knock-in mutant mice had impaired developmental and reparative angiogenesis. Thus, oxidation of CTR1 at Cys189 promotes VEGFR2 internalization and signaling to enhance angiogenesis. Our study uncovers an important mechanism for ROS sensing through CTR1 to drive neovascularization.
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