1
|
Hu X, Chen Y, Lin W, Ruan Q, Chen H, Li X, Deng Y, Liang C, Lin H, Zeng L, Sun N, Zhao W, Chen L, Yang Y, Sun L, He J, Sun J. Unveiling the seroprevalence of human papillomavirus in Guangdong, China: Implications for vaccination strategies. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29910. [PMID: 39228341 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Seroepidemiological characteristics of human papillomavirus (HPV) in community residents reflect natural infection and can guide the reform of vaccination programs. A population-based serological survey was conducted in Guangdong Province. Serum anti-HPV IgG antibody levels were determined by an ELISA. Neutralizing antibodies against HPV6, 11, 16, and 18 were detected via a pseudovirus-based neutralization assay (PBNA). A total of 5122 serum samples were collected from community residents, including 1989 males and 3133 females, in three cities of Guangdong Province. The rate of HPV IgG antibody positivity in females was 5.39% (95% CI: 4.6-6.2), which was greater than that in males (2.36%; 95% CI: 1.7-3.1). HPV IgG antibodies were more frequently detected in females aged 51-60 years (11.30%; 95% CI: 7.6-16.0), whereas in males, the detection increased with age and reached 4.94% (95% CI: 2.8-6.9) in the group aged ≥71 years. The seropositivity of neutralizing antibodies against HPV6 and 11 was greater than that against HPV16 and 18. The serum neutralizing antibody titers in individuals who received three doses of a vaccine were 7- to 12-fold greater than those in individuals who did not receive the vaccine. The neutralizing antibody titers slightly decreased within 40 months and ranged from 0.038 to 0.057 log ED50 per month. A moderate consistency between the HPV ELISA and PBNA results was observed (Kappa score = 0.49, r = 0.249, 0.635, 0.382, and 0.466 for HPV6, 11, 16, and 18, respectively). The HPV seropositivity rate among healthy residents of Guangdong Province was found to be low among children and adolescents and to increase with age. The serum neutralizing antibody titers were significantly greater in the vaccine group than that in the control group, and this difference persisted over time, which indicated promising protection against HPV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Hu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueling Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weizhao Lin
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingyin Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chumin Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lilian Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Mathematics and Computing Science, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiufeng Sun
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Mathematics and Computing Science, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Indari O, Ghosh S, Bal AS, James A, Garg M, Mishra A, Karmodiya K, Jha HC. Awakening the sleeping giant: Epstein-Barr virus reactivation by biological agents. Pathog Dis 2024; 82:ftae002. [PMID: 38281067 PMCID: PMC10901609 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may cause harm in immunocompromised conditions or on stress stimuli. Various chemical agents have been utilized to induce the lytic cycle in EBV-infected cells. However, apart from chemical agents and external stress stimuli, certain infectious agents may reactivate the EBV. In addition, the acute infection of other pathogens may provide suitable conditions for EBV to thrive more and planting the roots for EBV-associated pathologies. Various bacteria such as periodontal pathogens like Aggregatibacter, Helicobacter pylori, etc. have shown to induce EBV reactivation either by triggering host cells directly or indirectly. Viruses such as Human simplex virus-1 (HSV) induce EBV reactivation by HSV US3 kinase while other viruses such as HIV, hepatitis virus, and even novel SARS-CoV-2 have also been reported to cause EBV reactivation. The eukaryotic pathogens such as Plasmodium falciparum and Aspergillus flavus can also reactivate EBV either by surface protein interaction or as an impact of aflatoxin, respectively. To highlight the underexplored niche of EBV reactivation by biological agents, we have comprehensively presented the related information in this review. This may help to shedding the light on the research gaps as well as to unveil yet unexplored mechanisms of EBV reactivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omkar Indari
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, United States
| | - Subhrojyoti Ghosh
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Adhiraj Singh Bal
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Ajay James
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Mehek Garg
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur 342037, India
| | - Krishanpal Karmodiya
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Infection Bioengineering Group, Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol Campus, Simrol, Indore 453552, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bourgeois J, Ross L. Vaccinating Providers for HPV Due to Transmission Risk in Ablative Dermatology Procedures. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2023; 16:26-27. [PMID: 37720197 PMCID: PMC10503934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Prior research has shown that surgical plume released in ablative procedures poses significant health risks to providers. For dermatologists, the possibility of oropharyngeal human papillomavirus (HPV) inoculation from inhalation of viral particles released in smoke has been previously documented. Despite this, there are limited guidelines of health and safety protocols for physicians performing electrodesiccation or laser surgery and many providers are still not vaccinated against HPV. Due to the occupational risk of autoinoculation, we recommend that all dermatologists be vaccinated against HPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bourgeois
- Dr. Bourgeois is with Creighton University Health Sciences Campus in Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Lindy Ross
- Dr. Ross is with the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ismail M, Bai B, Guo J, Bai Y, Sajid Z, Muhammad SA, Shaikh RS. Experimental Validation of MHC Class I and II Peptide-Based Potential Vaccine Candidates for Human Papilloma Virus Using Sprague-Dawly Models. Molecules 2023; 28:1687. [PMID: 36838675 PMCID: PMC9968051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV) causes cervical and many other cancers. Recent trend in vaccine design is shifted toward epitope-based developments that are more specific, safe, and easy to produce. In this study, we predicted eight immunogenic peptides of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes (MHC class I and II as M1 and M2) including early proteins (E2 and E6), major (L1) and minor capsid protein (L2). Male and female Sprague Dawly rats in groups were immunized with each synthetic peptide. L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, and L2M2 induced significant immunogenic response compared to E2M1, E2M2, E6M1 and E6M2. We observed optimal titer of IgG antibodies (>1.25 g/L), interferon-γ (>64 ng/L), and granzyme-B (>40 pg/mL) compared to control at second booster dose (240 µg/500 µL). The induction of peptide-specific IgG antibodies in immunized rats indicates the T-cell dependent B-lymphocyte activation. A substantial CD4+ and CD8+ cell count was observed at 240 µg/500 µL. In male and female rats, CD8+ cell count for L1 and L2 peptide is 3000 and 3118, and CD4+ is 3369 and 3484 respectively compared to control. In conclusion, we demonstrated that L1M1, L1M2, L2M1, L2M2 are likely to contain potential epitopes for induction of immune responses supporting the feasibility of peptide-based vaccine development for HPV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehreen Ismail
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Baogang Bai
- School of Information and Technology, Wenzhou Business College, Wenzhou 325015, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Medicine, Wenzhou 325000, China
- The 1st School of Medical, School of Information and Engineering, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Jinlei Guo
- School of Medical Engineering, Sanquan College of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453513, China
| | - Yuhui Bai
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zureesha Sajid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Sadiq Shaikh
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wierzbicka M, San Giorgi MRM, Dikkers FG. Transmission and clearance of human papillomavirus infection in the oral cavity and its role in oropharyngeal carcinoma - A review. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2337. [PMID: 35194874 PMCID: PMC10078185 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The majority of sexually active individuals becomes infected with human papillomavirus (HPV) at least once in their lifetime. Pathways for HPV transmission vary across different mucosal sites per individual. They include autoinoculation within one host, direct transmission between individuals (including perinatal transmission and transmission during sexual activity), and indirect transmission through contact with hands. The authors aim to clarify the prevalence and route of transmission per anatomic site, inter- and intra-individually, using a narrative review of the literature. In conclusion, transmission of HPV to the oral cavity and oropharynx is hypothesised to occur mainly through sexual contact. Transmission of particles through saliva has not been proven and daily living activities are not a documented source of HPV infection. Oropharyngeal HPV related cancer survivors and their partners do not show increased risk of infection during sexual intercourse. Transmission of HPV to the oral cavity (autoinoculation with fingers or transmission through saliva in deep kissing) is probably of limited importance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Wierzbicka
- Department of Otolaryngology and Laryngological Oncology, University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Michel R M San Giorgi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik G Dikkers
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Absolute Risk and Attributable Fraction of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Cancer and Precancerous Lesions-A Population-Based Study of 6286 Women in Rural Areas of China. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216483. [PMID: 36362711 PMCID: PMC9655002 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution among the general population and assess the attribution of HPV genotypes targeted by vaccines to protect against cervical lesions theoretically. Methods: Cervical samples were collected from women aged 21 to 64 years old from Inner Mongolia and Shanxi Province in China who had not been vaccinated against HPV. HPV type-specific absolute risk (AR) to classified cervical lesions was calculated and then the attributable fraction (AF) was estimated, together with the combined contributions of the HPV types, targeted by four available HPV vaccines and five HPV vaccines in clinical trials in China to protect against cervical lesions. Results: A total of 6286 women with an average age of 44.1 years ± 8.41 (range: 21−64) participated in the study. The age distribution of 14 HR-HPV and HPV16/18 all showed a ‘U’ shape, which peaked in the ≤25 year-group and >55 year-group. The five most common genotypes were HPV16 (4.3%), HPV52 (4.1%), HPV58 (2.1%), HPV51 (2.1%), and HPV66 (1.7%). The prevalence of HPV types 6 and 11 infections was 1.1% and observed with n significant differences across age stratifications in China. AF to CIN2+ was predominated by HPV 16 with 56.2%, followed by HPV58 (12.0%), HPV52 (8.5%), HPV18 (4.3%), and HPV51 (2.9%). HPV52 and 58 in the prophylactic HPV vaccine would enhance the protection against CIN2+ by approximately 20%. Conclusions: Regarding multi-valent HPV vaccine development in China, the HPV types 16, 52, 58, and 18 should be given priority for their high prevalence at the population level, high AR, notable AF, and high relative risk to high-grade cervical lesions.
Collapse
|
7
|
The cost-effectiveness of bivalent, quadrivalent, and nine-valent HPV vaccination in Asia: a systematic review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2022; 306:173-187. [PMID: 35380278 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-021-06309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to systematically review the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination in Asia. METHODS We performed a systematic review of papers indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science covering the period from 1 January 2000 to 13 August 2020. RESULTS Sixteen studies were included in the review. Half of them (8 studies) evaluated the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination in high-income countries and regions (HICs) while the other eight studies were set in low- and middle-income countries and regions (LMICs). In HICs, the implementation of bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent HPV vaccination was all shown to be cost-effective. Most studies (7/8) also showed that it was cost-effective to implement bivalent, quadrivalent, and nine-valent HPV vaccines in LMICs. However, one study concluded that it was not cost-effective to implement bivalent HPV vaccination in Thailand. CONCLUSION In general, the implementation of bivalent, quadrivalent and nine-valent HPV vaccination for adolescent girls was cost-effective in both high-income countries and regions and low- and middle-income countries and regions in Asia. Policy makers in HICs could consider expanding the target vaccinated population, while for LMICs it is essential to reduce HPV vaccine price to a level at which the implementation of HPV vaccination is cost-effective.
Collapse
|
8
|
Brunner A, Kruis W, Schömig-Markiefka B, Morgenstern J, Engels M, Büttner R, Forner DM. Prevalence of abnormal Pap smear results in inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:3071-3079. [PMID: 34981194 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Development of malignancy is a pending threat for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim of this study was to analyze cervical dysplasia and infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) in patients with IBD. METHODS This was a prospective, single center cohort study in Germany. Consecutive IBD patients admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology were sent to Gynecology, where a questionnaire was answered and gynecological examinations including a smear for cytology and HPV were taken. Participants of a general screening program constituted controls. Descriptive statistics, 95% confidence intervals and odds ratios were calculated. RESULTS A total of 101 patients were recruited of which 99 patients participated. Analysis showed a significant (p = 0.05) difference between the prevalence of abnormal smears in patients with (22%) and without (6%) immunosuppressive therapy, while the latter had cervical abnormalities comparable with healthy controls (5%). All immunosuppressants showed similarly high risks for abnormal smear results. Only 11/99 (11%) patients had positive high-risk HPV tests, which is comparable with general population. CONCLUSION The prevalence of abnormal cervical smears is higher in IBD patients compared to healthy individuals, but the difference is confined to patients with IBD and immunosuppressive therapy. Annual screening is advisable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Brunner
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Buchforststr. 2, 51103, Köln, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kruis
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Buchforststr. 2, 51103, Köln, Germany.
| | | | - Julia Morgenstern
- Abteilung für Gastroenterologie, Pulmologie und Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Buchforststr. 2, 51103, Köln, Germany
| | - Marianne Engels
- Institut für Pathologie des Universitätsklinikums Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institut für Pathologie des Universitätsklinikums Köln, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Köln, Germany
| | - Dirk Michael Forner
- Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Buchforststr. 2, 51103, Köln, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mestrovic T, Sviben M, Zember S, Drenjancevic D. Topical medication as an initial therapeutic option for protruding and non-protruding condylomata acuminata of the distal urethra. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e243618. [PMID: 34548297 PMCID: PMC8458332 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-243618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Genital warts (also known as condylomata acuminata) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) represent one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Although they are usually found in the outer genital region, a small proportion of men can present with (often unrecognised) intraurethral warts, generally limited to the distal urethra and urethral meatus. This poses a treatment challenge not adequately addressed by the current guidelines. Here, we present two cases of low-risk HPV-positive patients with protruding and non-protruding condylomata acuminata of the distal urethra, which were treated successfully by using two different topical regimens (ie, a combination of policresulen and imiquimod for one patient and 5-fluorouracil monotherapy for the other). Although this type of management results in lower rates of tissue destruction and complications and may be given preference as an initial therapeutic option, additional prospective comparative clinical studies are needed to elucidate its potential in similar cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Mestrovic
- Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Dr. Zora Profozic Polyclinic, Zagreb, Croatia
- University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia
| | - Mario Sviben
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Microbiology Service, Croatian National Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Zember
- Department for Urogenital Infections, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases 'Dr. Fran Mihaljević', Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Drenjancevic
- Clinical Microbiology Department, University Hospital Centre Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chow EPF, Carter A, Vickers T, Fairley CK, McNulty A, Guy RJ, Regan DG, Grulich AE, Callander D, Khawar L, Machalek DA, Donovan B. Effect on genital warts in Australian female and heterosexual male individuals after introduction of the national human papillomavirus gender-neutral vaccination programme: an analysis of national sentinel surveillance data from 2004-18. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2021; 21:1747-1756. [PMID: 34339639 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00071-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Australia, the government-funded human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme was introduced in April, 2007, for girls and young women, and in February, 2013, for boys. As of Dec 31, 2018, all Australian-born female individuals younger than 38 years and male individuals younger than 21 years have been eligible for the free quadrivalent or nonavalent HPV vaccine. We aimed to examine the trends in genital wart diagnoses among Australian-born female and heterosexual male individuals who attended sexual health clinics throughout Australia before and after the introduction of the gender-neutral HPV vaccination programme in February, 2013. METHODS We did a serial cross-sectional analysis of genital wart diagnoses among Australian-born female and heterosexual male individuals attending a national surveillance network of 35 clinics between Jan 1, 2004, and Dec 31, 2018. We calculated prevalence ratios of genital warts, using log-binomial regression models, for the female-only vaccination period (July 1, 2007, to Feb 28, 2013), gender-neutral vaccination period (March 1, 2013, to Dec 31, 2018), and the whole vaccination period (July 1, 2007, to Dec 31, 2018) compared with the pre-vaccination period (Jan 1, 2004, to June 30, 2007). FINDINGS We included 121 038 men and 116 341 women in the analysis. Overall, we observed a 58% reduction (prevalence ratio 0·42, 95% CI 0·40-0·44) in genital wart diagnoses in female individuals and a 45% reduction (0·55, 0·53-0·57) in genital wart diagnoses in heterosexual male individuals after the introduction of the vaccination programme in 2007. The largest reduction in genital warts was observed in younger individuals, and there was a decreasing magnitude of reduction with increasing age (80%, 72%, 61%, 41%, and 16% reductions in female individuals aged 15-20 years, 21-25 years, 26-30 years, 31-35 years, and ≥36 years, respectively; 70%, 61%, 49%, 37%, and 29% reductions in male individuals aged 15-20 years, 21-25 years, 26-30 years, 31-35 years, and ≥36 years, respectively). Significant reductions observed in female individuals (0·32, 0·28-0·36) and male individuals (0·51, 0·43-0·61) aged 15-20 years in the female-only vaccination period were followed by a more substantial reduction in female individuals (0·07, 0·06-0·09) and male individuals (0·11, 0·08-0·15) aged 15-20 years in the gender-neutral vaccination period. INTERPRETATION The national gender-neutral HPV vaccination programme has led to substantial and ongoing reduction in genital warts among Australian female and heterosexual male individuals, with a marked reduction in young individuals who received the vaccine at school. FUNDING Seqirus Australia and the Australian Government Department of Health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric P F Chow
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Allison Carter
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
| | - Tobias Vickers
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher K Fairley
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna McNulty
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca J Guy
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David G Regan
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew E Grulich
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Denton Callander
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laila Khawar
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dorothy A Machalek
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Basil Donovan
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sydney Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Collins-Fairclough A, Donken R, Nosyk B, Dobson S, Ogilivie G, Sadarangani M. Non-inferior antibody levels for HPV16/18 after extended two-dose schedules compared with a six-month interval: findings of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3554-3561. [PMID: 34187301 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1926182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protection after human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination can be maximized by optimizing vaccination schedules. We systematically reviewed immunogenicity and effectiveness of HPV vaccines administered 6 months apart compared with longer intervals. Seroconversion to vaccine-type HPV was non-inferior for 12- compared with 6-month intervals, but inconclusive for comparison of 36-96 months with 6 months. A 12-month interval showed non-inferior (margin 0.5) vaccine-type HPV antibody responses compared with a 6-month interval. Compared to 6 months, an interval of 36-96 months resulted in non-inferior antibody responses for HPV6 and high-risk types HPV16 and 18, but did not lead to a non-inferior antibody response for HPV11 (GMR 0.63, 95% CI:0.41-0.97). Data on the effectiveness of extended two-dose schedules were limited. Our findings indicate that HPV immunization programs could adopt a 12-month interval instead of 6 months for increased flexibility without compromising immunogenicity. Further evaluation to confirm the immunogenicity and effectiveness of intervals beyond 12 months is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneisha Collins-Fairclough
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.,Faculty of Science and Sport, University of Technology Jamaica, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Robine Donken
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Women's Health Research Institute, BC Women's Hospital and Health Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bohdan Nosyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Simon Dobson
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Gina Ogilivie
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Women's Health Research Institute, BC Women's Hospital and Health Center, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Manish Sadarangani
- Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li J, Gao JJ, Li N, Wang YW. Distribution of human papillomavirus genotypes in western China and their association with cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Arch Virol 2021; 166:853-862. [PMID: 33486629 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-04960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes among cervical cancers and pre-cancers in Shaanxi province of western China. A total of 17,341 women who were screened for cervical cancer from January 2014 to December 2016, using HPV genotyping and ThinPrep cytologic test were included. The prevalence and attribution of HPV genotypes were stratified by cervical lesion and age group. Of the subjects, 26.3% were infected with HPV, 28.0% of whom had multiple infections. The crude HPV prevalence increased from atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASCUS/LSIL, 64.3%) to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL, 79.8%) and to invasive cervical cancer (ICC, 89.7%, P < 0.001). The three most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16 (8.0%), 58 (4.2%), and 52 (4.0%), and HPV 16, 31 and 33 were positively correlated with increased severity of cervical lesions. Additionally, the divalent vaccine genotypes HPV 16 and 18 accounted for 68.2% of ICC cases. Although 78.5% of ICC and 60.3% of HSIL cases were attributed to 9-valent vaccine genotypes, the other genotypes not covered by any vaccine still resulted in increases in coverage, with 1.5% for ICC, 5.3% for HSIL, and 13.5% for ASCUS/LSIL. HPV prevalence in western China was consistent with other regions of China. Early vaccination with 9-valent HPV vaccine is recommended in this locality for females younger than 26 years with no prior infection, while divalent the vaccine is more appropriate for women between 26 and 45 years, considering the efficacy, safety and cost-effectiveness of vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan-Juan Gao
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Wen Wang
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Singh MP, Rungta T, Saikia UN. Role of human papillomavirus 6 & 11 in condyomata acuminata in Indian patients. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2021; 64:532-534. [PMID: 34341266 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_198_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Condylomata acuminata, commonly known as genital wart is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV). The positivity of HPV6/11 in condylomata acuminata in western literature varies from 80-90% however, there is a paucity of Indian literature. Aim The aim of the present study was to determine the role of HPV 6 & 11 in Condylomata acuminata in Indian patients. Methods A total of 22 formalin fixed parafilm embedded (FFPE) tissue was collected from the cases of condylomata acuminata which was histologically diagnosed and was used to detect HPV 6 and 11 by PCR. Results Of these 14/22 patients (63.6%) were positive for HPV 6 or 11; HPV 6 alone in eight (36.3%) and HPV 11 in six (27.2%). Conclusion The high HPV 6 and 11 PCR positivity suggests their definitive role in causation of condylomas cases. This important HPV infection is preventable by prophylactic vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mini P Singh
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tripti Rungta
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uma Nahar Saikia
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sabet F, Mosavat A, Ahmadi Ghezeldasht S, Basharkhah S, Shamsian SAA, Abbasnia S, Shamsian K, Rezaee SA. Prevalence, genotypes and phylogenetic analysis of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in northeast Iran. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 103:480-488. [PMID: 33310023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the main etiology of invasive cervical cancer. Together HPV and viral hepatitis account for the cause of 25% of cancers in developing countries. To evaluate the association between population movements and the spread of HPV, this study looked at prevalence, genotypes, and phylogenetic assessment of HPV in Great Khorasan, a pilgrimage-tourism province in northeast Iran. METHODS From March 2013 to July 2018, 567 samples were collected from three groups in Khorasan: Razavi and North Khorasan provinces (highly mobile population); South Khorasan province (conservative and desert); and diverse group (tourists). RESULTS HPV prevalence was 48.4% in Razavi and North Khorasan (first group); 19.9% in South Khorasan (second group); and 33.6% in the diverse group. The four most common HPV genotypes were HPV-6, 11, 51 and 16, in the first group; HPV-6, 11, 16 and 58 in the second group; and HPV-6, 11, 16 and 53/89 in the diverse group. The most frequent genotypes that are known as high risk for cervical cancer were HPV-51 in the first group, HPV-16 in the second group and the diverse group. Among low-risk genotypes, HPV-6, and HPV-11 were more frequent in all groups. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 20 HPV-positive samples showed that the distributions of the HPV genotypes were HPV-6 (50%), 11 (10%), 67 (5%), 16 (15%), 31 (10%), 54 (5%), and 89 (5%). CONCLUSIONS The findings show that areas associated with population movement should be frequently monitored for infectious diseases, while conservative and less populated areas have less risk for virus spread and endemicity. Health authorities should focus more on the establishment of HPV diagnostic facilities, screening, vaccination, and enhancement of public knowledge in these regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Sabet
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Arman Mosavat
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Sanaz Ahmadi Ghezeldasht
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Samira Basharkhah
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ali Akbar Shamsian
- Department of Mycology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Shadi Abbasnia
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Khosrow Shamsian
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wan Q, Song D, Li H, He ML. Stress proteins: the biological functions in virus infection, present and challenges for target-based antiviral drug development. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:125. [PMID: 32661235 PMCID: PMC7356129 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress proteins (SPs) including heat-shock proteins (HSPs), RNA chaperones, and ER associated stress proteins are molecular chaperones essential for cellular homeostasis. The major functions of HSPs include chaperoning misfolded or unfolded polypeptides, protecting cells from toxic stress, and presenting immune and inflammatory cytokines. Regarded as a double-edged sword, HSPs also cooperate with numerous viruses and cancer cells to promote their survival. RNA chaperones are a group of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), which are essential factors for manipulating both the functions and metabolisms of pre-mRNAs/hnRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II. hnRNPs involve in a large number of cellular processes, including chromatin remodelling, transcription regulation, RNP assembly and stabilization, RNA export, virus replication, histone-like nucleoid structuring, and even intracellular immunity. Dysregulation of stress proteins is associated with many human diseases including human cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s diseases, Alzheimer disease), stroke and infectious diseases. In this review, we summarized the biologic function of stress proteins, and current progress on their mechanisms related to virus reproduction and diseases caused by virus infections. As SPs also attract a great interest as potential antiviral targets (e.g., COVID-19), we also discuss the present progress and challenges in this area of HSP-based drug development, as well as with compounds already under clinical evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianya Wan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huangcan Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming-Liang He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. .,CityU Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Anogenital Warts: A Systematic Review of Impact and Effectiveness in the United States. Sex Transm Dis 2020; 46:213-220. [PMID: 30461595 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing the impact and effectiveness of HPV vaccines on anogenital warts in the United States can provide early indication of the success of vaccination programs as well as identify potential areas for improvement. METHODS Articles were identified from the PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases. Exclusion criteria were applied, and remaining studies were then classified as impact or effectiveness studies. RESULTS Eight eligible studies published through March 2018 were included. Population-based impact studies examining trends in diagnoses reported consistent declines in females ages 25 years and younger after 2006 when routine female vaccination began in the United States. Declines in males ages 25 years and younger were also seen; however, these declines were lower than those in females and more evident after routine male vaccination began in 2011. Among females and males older than 25 years, little to no change has been seen in the trends of anogenital warts since 2006. Studies that included the pre-vaccine era (before 2006) reported increasing trends during this period. After vaccine introduction, a reversal in these trends was observed. Effectiveness studies that included individual-level vaccination histories consistently demonstrated a lower risk of anogenital warts for those receiving at least one dose of the vaccine compared to those unvaccinated. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the degree of HPV vaccine impact has varied substantially by age and sex. Achieving the full prevention potential of HPV vaccines will likely require greater coverage among both females and males. Post-licensure estimates of effectiveness demonstrate the real-world benefit of the vaccine.
Collapse
|
17
|
Cimmino A, Walters E, Gubler A, Ibrahim A. The Conundrum of an Accumulating Acuminatum. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2020; 21:e920516. [PMID: 32088723 PMCID: PMC7055732 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.920516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Male, 70 Final Diagnosis: Chronic condyloma acuminatum Symptoms: Dizziness • fatigue • generalized weakness • weight loss Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Colostomy Specialty: General and Internal Medicine
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Cimmino
- Departmnetal of Internal Medicine, Northwest Hospital (Trinity School of Medicine - Student), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Walters
- Departmnetal of Internal Medicine, Northwest Hospital (Trinity School of Medicine - Student), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Gubler
- Departmnetal of Internal Medicine, Northwest Hospital (Trinity School of Medicine - Student), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim
- Departmnetal of Internal Medicine, Northwest Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hawks JR, Nara A, Wells KJ, Ferrand JL, Walsh-Buhi ER. Gardasil on Twitter: A Content Mining Study Examining Message, Context, and Source Characteristics of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine-Related Tweets. Health (London) 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2020.129081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
19
|
Liu X, Chen J, Wang Z, Wang D, He M, Qian C, Song S, Chi X, Kong Z, Zheng Q, Wang Y, Yu H, Zhao Q, Zhang J, Li S, Gu Y, Xia N. Neutralization sites of human papillomavirus-6 relate to virus attachment and entry phase in viral infection. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:1721-1733. [PMID: 31769733 PMCID: PMC6883418 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1694396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 6 (HPV6) is the major etiologic agent of genital warts and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Although the commercial HPV vaccines cover HPV6, the neutralization sites and mode for HPV6 are poorly understood. Here, we identify the HPV6 neutralization sites and discriminate the inhibition of virus attachment and entry by three potent neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), 5D3, 17D5, and 15F7. Mutagenesis assays showed that these nAbs predominantly target surface loops BC, DE, and FG of HPV6 L1. Cryo-EM structures of the HPV6 pseudovirus (PsV) and its immune complexes revealed three distinct binding modalities - full-occupation-bound to capsid, top-center-bound-, and top-rim-bound to pentamers - and illustrated a structural atlas for three classes of antibody-bound footprints that are located at center-distal ring, center, and center-proximal ring of pentamer surface for 5D3, 17D5, and 15F7, respectively. Two modes of neutralization were identified: mAb 5D3 and 17D5 block HPV PsV from attaching to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the cell surface, whereas 15F7 allows PsV attachment but prohibits PsV from entering the cell. These findings highlight three neutralization sites of HPV6 L1 and outline two antibody-mediated neutralization mechanisms against HPV6, which will be relevant for HPV virology and antiviral inhibitor design. HighlightsMajor neutralization sites of HPV6 were mapped on the pseudovirus cryo-EM structuremAb 15F7 binds HPV6 capsid with a novel top-rim binding modality and confers a post-attachment neutralizationmAb 17D5 binds capsid in top-centre manner but unexpectedly prevents virus from attachment to cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Daning Wang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Maozhou He
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ciying Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chi
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibo Kong
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Yu
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bergman H, Buckley BS, Villanueva G, Petkovic J, Garritty C, Lutje V, Riveros‐Balta AX, Low N, Henschke N. Comparison of different human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine types and dose schedules for prevention of HPV-related disease in females and males. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 2019:CD013479. [PMID: 31755549 PMCID: PMC6873216 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine remains low in many countries, although the bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines given as a three-dose schedule are effective in the prevention of precancerous lesions of the cervix in women. Simpler immunisation schedules, such as those with fewer doses, might reduce barriers to vaccination, as may programmes that include males. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy, immunogenicity, and harms of different dose schedules and different types of HPV vaccines in females and males. SEARCH METHODS We conducted electronic searches on 27 September 2018 in Ovid MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (in the Cochrane Library), and Ovid Embase. We also searched the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov (both 27 September 2018), vaccine manufacturer websites, and checked reference lists from an index of HPV studies and other relevant systematic reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with no language restriction. We considered studies if they enrolled HIV-negative males or females aged 9 to 26 years, or HIV-positive males or females of any age. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used methods recommended by Cochrane. We use the term 'control' to refer to comparator products containing an adjuvant or active vaccine and 'placebo' to refer to products that contain no adjuvant or active vaccine. Most primary outcomes in this review were clinical outcomes. However, for comparisons comparing dose schedules, the included RCTs were designed to measure antibody responses (i.e. immunogenicity) as the primary outcome, rather than clinical outcomes, since it is unethical to collect cervical samples from girls under 16 years of age. We analysed immunogenicity outcomes (i.e. geometric mean titres) with ratios of means, clinical outcomes (e.g. cancer and intraepithelial neoplasia) with risk ratios or rate ratios and, for serious adverse events and deaths, we calculated odds ratios. We rated the certainty of evidence with GRADE. MAIN RESULTS We included 20 RCTs with 31,940 participants. The length of follow-up in the included studies ranged from seven months to five years. Two doses versus three doses of HPV vaccine in 9- to 15-year-old females Antibody responses after two-dose and three-dose HPV vaccine schedules were similar after up to five years of follow-up (4 RCTs, moderate- to high-certainty evidence). No RCTs collected clinical outcome data. Evidence about serious adverse events in studies comparing dose schedules was of very low-certainty owing to imprecision and indirectness (three doses 35/1159; two doses 36/1158; 4 RCTs). One death was reported in the three-dose group (1/898) and none in the two-dose group (0/899) (low-certainty evidence). Interval between doses of HPV vaccine in 9- to 14-year-old females and males Antibody responses were stronger with a longer interval (6 or 12 months) between the first two doses of HPV vaccine than a shorter interval (2 or 6 months) at up to three years of follow-up (4 RCTs, moderate- to high-certainty evidence). No RCTs collected data about clinical outcomes. Evidence about serious adverse events in studies comparing intervals was of very low-certainty, owing to imprecision and indirectness. No deaths were reported in any of the studies (0/1898, 3 RCTs, low-certainty evidence). HPV vaccination of 10- to 26-year-old males In one RCT there was moderate-certainty evidence that quadrivalent HPV vaccine, compared with control, reduced the incidence of external genital lesions (control 36 per 3081 person-years; quadrivalent 6 per 3173 person-years; rate ratio 0.16, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.38; 6254 person-years) and anogenital warts (control 28 per 2814 person-years; quadrivalent 3 per 2831 person-years; rate ratio 0.11, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.38; 5645 person-years). The quadrivalent vaccine resulted in more injection-site adverse events, such as pain or redness, than control (537 versus 601 per 1000; risk ratio (RR) 1.12, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.18, 3895 participants, high-certainty evidence). There was very low-certainty evidence from two RCTs about serious adverse events with quadrivalent vaccine (control 12/2588; quadrivalent 8/2574), and about deaths (control 11/2591; quadrivalent 3/2582), owing to imprecision and indirectness. Nonavalent versus quadrivalent vaccine in 9- to 26-year-old females and males Three RCTs were included; one in females aged 9- to 15-years (n = 600), one in females aged 16- to 26-years (n = 14,215), and one in males aged 16- to 26-years (n = 500). The RCT in 16- to 26-year-old females reported clinical outcomes. There was little to no difference in the incidence of the combined outcome of high-grade cervical epithelial neoplasia, adenocarcinoma in situ, or cervical cancer between the HPV vaccines (quadrivalent 325/6882, nonavalent 326/6871; OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.16; 13,753 participants; high-certainty evidence). The other two RCTs did not collect data about clinical outcomes. There were slightly more local adverse events with the nonavalent vaccine (905 per 1000) than the quadrivalent vaccine (846 per 1000) (RR 1.07, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.08; 3 RCTs, 15,863 participants; high-certainty evidence). Comparative evidence about serious adverse events in the three RCTs (nonavalent 243/8234, quadrivalent 192/7629; OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.14 to 2.61) was of low certainty, owing to imprecision and indirectness. HPV vaccination for people living with HIV Seven RCTs reported on HPV vaccines in people with HIV, with two small trials that collected data about clinical outcomes. Antibody responses were higher following vaccination with either bivalent or quadrivalent HPV vaccine than with control, and these responses could be demonstrated to have been maintained for up to 24 months in children living with HIV (low-certainty evidence). The evidence about clinical outcomes and harms for HPV vaccines in people with HIV is very uncertain (low- to very low-certainty evidence), owing to imprecision and indirectness. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The immunogenicity of two-dose and three-dose HPV vaccine schedules, measured using antibody responses in young females, is comparable. The quadrivalent vaccine probably reduces external genital lesions and anogenital warts in males compared with control. The nonavalent and quadrivalent vaccines offer similar protection against a combined outcome of cervical, vaginal, and vulval precancer lesions or cancer. In people living with HIV, both the bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines result in high antibody responses. For all comparisons of alternative HPV vaccine schedules, the certainty of the body of evidence about serious adverse events reported during the study periods was low or very low, either because the number of events was low, or the evidence was indirect, or both. Post-marketing surveillance is needed to continue monitoring harms that might be associated with HPV vaccines in the population, and this evidence will be incorporated in future updates of this review. Long-term observational studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of reduced-dose schedules against HPV-related cancer endpoints, and whether adopting these schedules improves vaccine coverage rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Bergman
- CochraneCochrane ResponseSt Albans House57‐59 HaymarketLondonUKSW1Y 4QX
| | - Brian S Buckley
- CochraneCochrane ResponseSt Albans House57‐59 HaymarketLondonUKSW1Y 4QX
- University of PhillipinesDepartment of SurgeryManilaPhilippines
| | - Gemma Villanueva
- CochraneCochrane ResponseSt Albans House57‐59 HaymarketLondonUKSW1Y 4QX
| | - Jennifer Petkovic
- CochraneCochrane ResponseSt Albans House57‐59 HaymarketLondonUKSW1Y 4QX
- University of OttawaBruyère Research Institute43 Bruyère StAnnex E, room 312OttawaONCanadaK1N 5C8
| | - Chantelle Garritty
- CochraneCochrane ResponseSt Albans House57‐59 HaymarketLondonUKSW1Y 4QX
- Ottawa Hospital Research InstituteOttawa Methods Centre, Clinical Epidemiology ProgramOttawaOntarioCanadaK1H 8L1
| | - Vittoria Lutje
- Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineDepartment of Clinical SciencesPembroke PlaceLiverpoolUKL3 5QA
| | | | - Nicola Low
- University of BernInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)Finkenhubelweg 11BernSwitzerlandCH‐3012
| | - Nicholas Henschke
- CochraneCochrane ResponseSt Albans House57‐59 HaymarketLondonUKSW1Y 4QX
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhu C, Wang Y, Mao W, Zhang H, Ma J. Prevalence and distribution of HPV types in genital warts in Xi'an, China: a prospective study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e023897. [PMID: 31092642 PMCID: PMC6530368 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterise the prevalence and distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in genital warts in Xi'an, China. METHODS This prospective study was conducted in Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Skin Disease and STD Control (SPISSC) between September 2014 and April 2017. Genital wart samples were obtained from 879 patients, including 512 men and 367 women. HPV genotyping was performed by using an automatic nucleic acid hybridisation system. RESULTS Of the 879 patients with genital warts, the detectable rates of low-risk, high-risk and total HPV types were 45.4%, 34.5% and 57.8%, respectively. The detectable rate of low-risk HPV types (45.4%) was significantly higher than that of high-risk HPV types (34.5%) (χ2=21.85, p<0.01). The detectable rate of low-risk HPV types of men (52.3%) was significantly higher than that of women (35.7%) (χ2=23.90, p<0.01). The detectable rates of one HPV type infection and two and three or more HPV type coinfections were 26.1%, 17.5% and 14.2%, respectively. HPV6 (24.9%), HPV11 (17.9%), HPV52 (9.9%) and HPV16 (7.3%) were the four most common HPV types. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that low-risk HPV types are major pathogens of genital warts, but high-risk HPV type infections and multiple HPV type coinfections are also common in genital warts. HPV6, 11, 52 and 16 are the four most common HPV types in genital wart in Xi'an, China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cansheng Zhu
- Department of STD Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Skin Disease and STD Control, Xi’an, China
| | - Yaofei Wang
- Department of STD Control, Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Skin Disease and STD Control, Xi’an, China
| | - Weihua Mao
- Department of STD Laboratory, Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Skin Disease and STD Control, Xi’an, China
| | - Hongshan Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Skin Disease and STD Control, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaju Ma
- Department of Urology, Shaanxi Provincial Institute for Skin Disease and STD Control, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dareng EO, Adebamowo SN, Famooto A, Olawande O, Odutola MK, Olaniyan Y, Offiong RA, Pharoah PP, Adebamowo CA. Prevalence and incidence of genital warts and cervical Human Papillomavirus infections in Nigerian women. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:27. [PMID: 30616634 PMCID: PMC6323853 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3582-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genital warts are important causes of morbidity and their prevalence and incidence can be used to evaluate the impact of HPV vaccination in a population. METHODS We enrolled 1020 women in a prospective cohort study in Nigeria and followed them for a mean (SD) of 9 (4) months. Nurses conducted pelvic examinations and collected ectocervical samples for HPV testing. We used exact logistic regression models to identify risk factors for genital warts. RESULTS The mean age of study participants was 38 years, 56% (535/962) were HIV-negative and 44% (427/962) were HIV-positive. Prevalence of genital warts at enrolment was 1% (4/535) among HIV-negative women, and 5% (23/427) among HIV-positive women. Of 614 women (307 HIV negative and 307 HIV positive women) for whom we could compute genital wart incidence, it was 515 (95% CI:13-2872) per 100,000 person-years in HIV-negative and 1370 (95% CI:283-4033) per 100,000 person-years in HIV-positive women. HIV was associated with higher risk of prevalent genital warts (OR:7.14, 95% CI:2.41-28.7, p < 0.001) while higher number of sex partners in the past year was associated with increased risk of incident genital warts (OR:2.86, 95% CI:1.04-6.47. p = 0.04). HPV11 was the only HPV associated with prevalent genital warts in this population (OR:8.21, 95% CI:2.47-27.3, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Genital warts are common in Nigeria and our results provide important parameters for monitoring the impact of future HPV vaccination programs in the country. HIV infection and number of sexual partners in past year were important risk factors for prevalent and incident genital warts respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eileen O Dareng
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sally N Adebamowo
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 W. Lombard St. Suite 445, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yinka Olaniyan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Richard A Offiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Paul P Pharoah
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clement A Adebamowo
- Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 W. Lombard St. Suite 445, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Akuzum B, Kim S, Nguyen TT, Hong J, Lee S, Kim E, Kim J, Choi Y, Jhun H, Lee Y, Kim H, Sohn DH, Kim S. L1 Recombinant Proteins of HPV Tested for Antibody Forming Using Sera of HPV Quadrivalent Vaccine. Immune Netw 2018; 18:e19. [PMID: 29984037 PMCID: PMC6026689 DOI: 10.4110/in.2018.18.e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from human papillomavirus (HPV) L1 capsid proteins were used for HPV quadrivalent recombinant vaccine. The HPV quadrivalent vaccine is administrated in a 3-dose regimen of initial injection followed by subsequent doses at 2 and 6 months to prevent cervical cancer, vulvar, and vaginal cancers. The type 6, 11, 16, or 18 of HPV infection is associated with precancerous lesions and genital warts in adolescents and young women. The HPV vaccine is composed of viral L1 capsid proteins are produced in eukaryotic expression systems and purified in the form of VLPs. Four different the L1 protein of 3 different subtypes of HPV: HPV11, HPV16, and HPV18 were expressed in Escherichia coli divided into 2 fragments as N- and C-terminal of each protein in order to examine the efficacy of HPV vaccine. Vaccinated sera failed to recognize N-terminal L1 HPV type 16 and type 18 by western blot while they detected N-terminal L1 protein of HPV type 11. Moreover, the recombinant C-terminal L1 proteins of type 16 was non-specifically recognized by the secondary antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. This expression and purification system may provide simple method to obtain robust recombinant L1 protein of HPV subtypes to improve biochemical analysis of antigens with immunized sera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Begum Akuzum
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sinae Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,YbdYbiotech Research Center, Seoul 08589, Korea
| | - Tam Thanh Nguyen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,YbdYbiotech Research Center, Seoul 08589, Korea
| | - Jeawoo Hong
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Siyoung Lee
- YbdYbiotech Research Center, Seoul 08589, Korea
| | - Eunhye Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,YbdYbiotech Research Center, Seoul 08589, Korea
| | - Joohee Kim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Yeook Choi
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Hyunjhung Jhun
- YbdYbiotech Research Center, Seoul 08589, Korea.,Research Group of Nutraceuticals for Metabolic Syndrome, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Youngmin Lee
- Department of Medicine, Pusan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Sohn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Optical techniques for the diagnosis and treatment of lesions induced by the human papillomavirus - A resource letter. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 23:106-110. [PMID: 29654842 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the most common sexually-transmitted virus, and carcinogenic HPV strains are reported to be responsible for virtually all cases of cervical cancer and its precursor, the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). About 30% of the sexually active population are considered to be affected by HPV. Around 600 million people are estimated to be infected worldwide. Diseases related to HPV cause significant impact from both the personal welfare point of view and public healthcare perspective. This resource letter collects relevant information regarding HPV-induced lesions and discusses both diagnosis and treatment, with particular attention to optical techniques and the challenges involved to the implementation of those approaches.
Collapse
|
25
|
Gao PF, Liu YX, Zhang L, Zhang S, Li HW, Wu Y, Wu L. Cell receptor screening for human papillomavirus invasion by using a polyoxometalate-peptide assembly as a probe. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 514:407-414. [PMID: 29278796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study constructed a competitive recognition system using cell receptor screening for human papillomavirus (HPV) invasion by using the hybrid-assembly of polyoxometalates (POMs) and cationic peptides as a platform. The fine tuning both of the surface charge of POMs and peptide sequence were precisely performed to develop a luminescence switch of POMs, leading to the establishment of a ternary system to identify which types of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are potential cell receptors for HPV infection. In addition, the method was successfully applied to construct a hybrid-assembly with the recombined HPV 16 L1 pentamers from Escherichia coli and perform GAGs screening, which validated the system's potential for practical applications. In particular, the intrinsic mechanism for each competitive partner in the system was explained well by using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and time-resolved fluorescence spectra. The present method will be helpful to extend the protocol to other systems by using peptides and POMs with similar properties, and ultimately, we hope it will promote the development of anti-viral agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yu-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lening Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Simin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hong-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Yuqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Lixin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ortiz AP, Ortiz-Ortiz KJ, Ríos M, Laborde J, Kulkarni A, Pillsbury M, Lauschke A, Monsanto HA, Marques-Goyco C. Modelling the effects of quadrivalent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Puerto Rico. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184540. [PMID: 29190725 PMCID: PMC5708664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background No study has estimated the potential impact of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in Puerto Rico, a population with considerable burden of HPV-related morbidities. We evaluated the health and economic impacts of implementing a vaccination strategy for females and males in Puerto Rico, with the quadrivalent HPV (HPV4) vaccine, under different vaccination scenarios. Methods We adapted a mathematical model which estimates the direct and indirect health benefits and costs of HPV4 vaccination in a dynamic population. The model compared three vaccination scenarios against screening only (no-vaccination) for three doses of HPV4 vaccine among individuals aged 11–15 years in Puerto Rico: 1) 34% for females and 13% for males (34%F/13%M), 2) 50% for females and 40% for males (50%F/40%M), and 3) 80% for female and 64% for male (80%F/64%M). Data specific to Puerto Rico was used. When not available, values from the United States were used. Input data consisted of demographic, behavioral, epidemiological, screening, and economic parameters. Results The model predicted decreases in: 1) HPV infection prevalence for females and males, 2) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer incidence for females, 3) genital warts incidence for females and males, and 4) cervical cancer deaths among females, when various vaccination program scenarios were considered. In addition, when the vaccination percentage was increased in every scenario, the reduction was greater and began earlier. The analysis also evidenced an incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $1,964 per quality–adjusted life year gained for the 80%F/64%M uptake scenario. Conclusions HPV vaccine can prove its cost effectiveness and substantially reduce the burden and costs associated to various HPV-related conditions when targeted to the adequate population together with an organized HPV vaccination program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patricia Ortiz
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
- * E-mail:
| | - Karen J. Ortiz-Ortiz
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Moraima Ríos
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - José Laborde
- Department of Economics, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Amit Kulkarni
- Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, United States of America
| | | | - Andreas Lauschke
- Lauschke Consulting, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Homero A. Monsanto
- Health Outcomes Research Regional Lead, Latin America Medical Affairs, Merck & Co, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Cecile Marques-Goyco
- Health Outcomes Research Regional Lead, Latin America Medical Affairs, Merck & Co, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Steben M, Ouhoummane N, Rodier C, Sinyavskaya L, Brassard P. The early impact of human papillomavirus vaccination on anogenital warts in Québec, Canada. J Med Virol 2017; 90:592-598. [PMID: 28980715 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In Québec province in Canada, a public school-based and catch-up HPV vaccination programs with the quadrivalent vaccine have been introduced in September 2008 for girls aged 9-17 years. We assessed the early impact of the HPV vaccination program on the incidence of anogenital warts (AGW) in the Quebec general population. We used the provincial health administrative data of the Régie de l'assurance maladie du Québec (RAMQ). AGW were identified either through a prescription of podofilox, or a medical procedure code specific to AGW, or a diagnostic code for viral warts followed by a prescription of imiquimod or fluorouracil. Sex- and age-specific incidence rates were calculated for pre-vaccination (2004-2007) and vaccination (2009-2012) periods. We found a significant decline of 45% and 19% in the incidence of AGWs among females aged 15-19 and 20-24 years, respectively. A decline of 21% was also seen among males aged 15-19 years. The median age at an episode of AGW increased from 27 years in 2004 to 31 years in 2012 among females and remained stable in males. Our findings indicate that the HPV public vaccination program is associated with an important reduction in the incidence of AGW among young females and males. The benefit is more pronounced among females 15-19 years of age, who were eligible for the public vaccination program. The observed decline among young males could be due to herd immunity and/or privately paid vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Steben
- Sexually Transmitted Infections unit, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Najwa Ouhoummane
- Sexually Transmitted Infections unit, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Liliya Sinyavskaya
- Center for Outcome Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul Brassard
- Center for Outcome Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sherman KA, Kilby CJ, Moore DM, Shaw LK. The importance of coherently understanding cervical cancer vaccination: factors associated with young Australian women’s uptake of the HPV vaccine. Health Psychol Behav Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2017.1381023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry A. Sherman
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Kilby
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Danielle M. Moore
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laura-Kate Shaw
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Damm O, Horn J, Mikolajczyk RT, Kretzschmar MEE, Kaufmann AM, Deleré Y, Ultsch B, Wichmann O, Krämer A, Greiner W. Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination in Germany. COST EFFECTIVENESS AND RESOURCE ALLOCATION 2017; 15:18. [PMID: 28878573 PMCID: PMC5583986 DOI: 10.1186/s12962-017-0080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in addition to the current cervical cancer screening programme in Germany using a dynamic transmission model. METHODS Based on a mathematical model simulating the transmission dynamics and the natural history of HPV infection and associated diseases (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer, and genital warts), we estimated the epidemiological and economic consequences of HPV vaccination with both the quadrivalent and bivalent vaccines. In our base case analysis, we assessed the cost-effectiveness of vaccinating 12-year-old girls with a 3-dose schedule. In sensitivity analysis, we also evaluated the use of a 2-dose schedule and assessed the impact of vaccinating boys. RESULTS From a health care payer perspective, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of a 3-dose schedule were €34,249 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) for the bivalent and €14,711 per QALY for the quadrivalent vaccine. Inclusion of indirect costs decreased ICERs by up to 40%. When adopting a health care payer perspective, ICERs of a 2-dose approach decreased to €19,450 per QALY for the bivalent and to €3645 per QALY for the quadrivalent vaccine. From a societal perspective, a 2-dose approach using the quadrivalent vaccine was a cost-saving strategy while using the bivalent vaccine resulted in an ICER of €13,248 per QALY. Irrespective of the perspective adopted, additional vaccination of boys resulted in ICERs exceeding €50,000 per QALY, except for scenarios with low coverage (20%) in girls. CONCLUSIONS Our model results suggest that routine HPV vaccination of 12-year-old girls with three doses is likely to be cost-effective in Germany. Due to the additional impact on genital warts, the quadrivalent vaccine appeared to be more cost-effective than the bivalent vaccine. A 2-dose schedule of the quadrivalent vaccine might even lead to cost savings when adopting a societal perspective. The cost-effectiveness of additional vaccination of boys was highly dependent on the coverage in girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Damm
- Department of Health Economics and Health Care Management, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Johannes Horn
- Epidemiological and Statistical Methods Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rafael T. Mikolajczyk
- Epidemiological and Statistical Methods Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover/Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mirjam E. E. Kretzschmar
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas M. Kaufmann
- Gynecologic Tumor Immunology, Clinic for Gynecology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Ole Wichmann
- Immunisation Unit, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Krämer
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Greiner
- Department of Health Economics and Health Care Management, School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ma S, Stern JE, Feng Q, Hughes JP, Hawes SE, Winer RL. Incidence and risk factors for human papillomavirus infections in young female online daters. J Med Virol 2017; 89:2029-2036. [PMID: 28667755 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Risk factors for incident human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are undefined in young women who use internet dating Web sites. From 2010-2012 we followed 18- to 24-year-old female internet daters (N = 164) triannually for a mean of 1 year. Women collected and returned self-collected vaginal samples for HPV genotyping and health and behavior questionnaires. We used Kaplan-Meier methods to estimate incidence of clinically relevant HPV infection (high-risk HPV, HPV-6, or HPV-11) and generalized estimating equations and Firth logistic regression to identify associated risk factors. At enrollment, women reported a median lifetime number of six male sex partners, and 36% reported a history of HPV vaccination. The 12-month cumulative incidence of clinically relevant HPV was 32.9% (95%CI: 26.0-41.0%). Reporting a recent male sex partner met via the internet versus not was not significantly associated with incident HPV (odds ratio [OR] = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.53-1.55). In multivariate analysis adjusted for lifetime number of partners, reporting new and/or multiple partners in the past 6 months was positively associated with incident HPV (OR = 6.38, 95%CI: 1.56-26.02, compared to reporting no recent partners). In a separate model, self-reporting ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine was inversely associated with vaccine-type HPV (6/11/16/18) (OR = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.05-0.86), but the association was attenuated and not statistically significant after adjusting for sexual history (OR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.09-1.43). While recent high-risk sexual behavior was associated with incident HPV, sex with partners met via the internet was not associated with increased HPV risk in young female internet daters. Although not statistically significant after adjusting for sexual history, HPV vaccination showed substantial protection against vaccine-type HPV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Ma
- Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joshua E Stern
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - James P Hughes
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephen E Hawes
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Rachel L Winer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Functional characterization of CD4 and CD8 T cell responses among human papillomavirus infected patients with ano-genital warts. Virusdisease 2017; 28:133-140. [PMID: 28770238 DOI: 10.1007/s13337-017-0382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ano-genital warts are considered one of the commonest and highly infectious sexually transmitted infections. These warts are primarily caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) of the family Papillomaviridae, genus alpha-papillomavirus, species 10 and types 6 and 11. However the high recurrence rate of warts is a matter of serious concern to the patients and a challenge for the treating physician. The conventional treatment options are targeted only to the local site of warts. There is no systemic treatment modality as there is limited understanding of the disease immune-pathogenesis. The role of cell-mediated immunity in combating HPV infection is not clearly defined. Hence the present study is aimed at investigating the CD4+ T helper (Th1 and Th2) and CD8+ T cell responses among wart patients. In this study, we compared HPV6 and HPV11 antigen-specific T cell responses among venereal wart patients relative to healthy controls. Significant decrease in percent frequencies of IFN-γ producing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were observed in HPV infected wart patients. On the other hand, the frequency of CD4+ T cells expressing IL-4 was significantly increased in these patients as compared to healthy controls. The observed functional skewing of HPV specific T cells from Th1 to Th2 response in patients indicated suppressed immunity against the HPV. Moreover, decrease in CD8 T cell function correlated with poor wart clearance. Our findings open future avenues for exploring potential immunomodulation strategies as an adjunct to standard treatment for better management of these patients and prevention of recurrence.
Collapse
|
32
|
Tanton C, Mesher D, Beddows S, Soldan K, Clifton S, Panwar K, Field N, Mercer CH, Johnson AM, Sonnenberg P. Human papillomavirus (HPV) in young women in Britain: Population-based evidence of the effectiveness of the bivalent immunisation programme and burden of quadrivalent and 9-valent vaccine types. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH 2017. [PMID: 28626810 PMCID: PMC5462921 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background In 2008, the UK introduced an HPV immunisation programme in girls. Population-based prevalence estimates of bivalent (HPV-16/18), quadrivalent (HPV-6/11/16/18) and 9-valent (HPV-6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58) vaccine types, and comparison over time, are needed to monitor impact, evaluate effectiveness and guide decision-making on vaccination strategies. Methods The third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3) in 2010-12, tested urine for HPV from 2569 sexually-experienced women aged 16–44. We report type-specific HPV prevalence and compare results with 1798 women in Natsal-2 (1999–2001) using age-adjusted prevalence ratios (APR). Findings In Natsal-3, 4.2% of women aged 16-44y were positive for HPV‐16/18 and 2.9% for HPV-6/11. In 16–20 year olds, 4.5%, 10.8% and 20.7% had at least one bivalent, quadrivalent or 9-valent vaccine type, respectively. Three-dose vaccine coverage was 52.0% in women aged 18-20y. In this age group, HPV-16/18 prevalence was lower in Natsal-3 than Natsal-2 (5.8% vs 11.2%; APR=0.48[95%CI: 0.24–0.93]), however, prevalences of HPV-6/11, HPV-31/33/45 and HPV-52/58 were unchanged. HPV-16/18 prevalence was also unchanged in women aged 21-44y (APR=0.85[0.61–1.19]). Interpretation These probability surveys provide evidence of the impact of the bivalent immunisation programme. Reductions were specific to HPV-16/18 and to the age group eligible for vaccination. However, substantial vaccine-preventable HPV remains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Tanton
- Research Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, Mortimer Market Centre, London WC1E 6JB, UK.
| | - David Mesher
- Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control (CIDSC), Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
| | - Simon Beddows
- Virus Reference Department, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
| | - Kate Soldan
- Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control (CIDSC), Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
| | - Soazig Clifton
- Research Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, Mortimer Market Centre, London WC1E 6JB, UK; NatCen Social Research, 35 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0AX, UK.
| | - Kavita Panwar
- Virus Reference Department, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK.
| | - Nigel Field
- Research Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, Mortimer Market Centre, London WC1E 6JB, UK.
| | - Catherine H Mercer
- Research Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, Mortimer Market Centre, London WC1E 6JB, UK.
| | - Anne M Johnson
- Research Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, Mortimer Market Centre, London WC1E 6JB, UK.
| | - Pam Sonnenberg
- Research Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, Mortimer Market Centre, London WC1E 6JB, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Haghshenas MR, Mousavi T, Kheradmand M, Afshari M, Moosazadeh M. Efficacy of Human Papillomavirus L1 Protein Vaccines (Cervarix and Gardasil) in Reducing the Risk of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia: A Meta-analysis. Int J Prev Med 2017; 8:44. [PMID: 28656100 PMCID: PMC5474905 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_413_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) can induce cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Vaccination against HPV can play an important role in CIN prevention. This study aims to estimate the efficacy of L1 protein vaccines (Cervarix and Gardasil) in CIN 1, 2, 3 risk reduction using meta-analysis. Relevant articles were identified by two independent researchers searching international databanks. After application of inclusion/exclusion criteria and quality assessment, eligible articles were entered into the final meta-analysis. Inverse variance method and fixed effect model were used to combine the results of the primary studies. The heterogeneity between the results was assessed using Cochrane and I2 indices. Of 11,530 evidence identified during the primary search, three papers were found eligible for meta-analysis, including 7213 participants in the intervention groups and 7170 healthy controls. The efficacy (95% confidence interval) of HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 monovalent and quadrivalent vaccines against CIN 1, CIN 2, and CIN 3 were estimated as of 95% (88–98), 97% (85–99), and 95% (78–99), respectively. This study showed that L1 protein vaccines Cervarix and Gardasil are highly protective vaccines playing an effective role in the prevention of HPV 6, 11, 16, 18 which are responsible for CIN 1, CIN 2, and CIN 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Haghshenas
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Tahoora Mousavi
- Student Research Committee, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Motahareh Kheradmand
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Afshari
- Department of Community Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pan H, Li Z, Wang J, Song S, Wang D, Wei M, Gu Y, Zhang J, Li S, Xia N. Bacterially expressed human papillomavirus type 6 and 11 bivalent vaccine: Characterization, antigenicity and immunogenicity. Vaccine 2017; 35:3222-3231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
35
|
Dhar JP, Essenmacher L, Dhar R, Magee A, Ager J, Sokol RJ. The safety and immunogenicity of Quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Vaccine 2017; 35:2642-2646. [PMID: 28404357 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of qHPV vaccine in SLE. METHODS Subjects: 34 women ages 19-50years (yrs.) with mild to moderate SLE & minimally active or inactive SLE received qHPV vaccine at the standard dosing schedule. EXCLUSION CRITERIA active SLE disease (SELENA-SLEDAI>2), history of severe SLE disease, deep venous thrombosis, on >400mg/day of hydroxychloroquine, on >15mg/day of prednisone, or active infections. Patients were monitored for adverse events (AE), SLE flare, generation of thrombogenic antibodies and thrombosis. Antibody (Ab) levels to HPV 6, 11, 16 & 18 were measured by HPV competitive Luminex Immunoassay and Geometric Mean Titers (GMTs) were calculated for each HPV type. Seroconversion was assessed for those seronegative at baseline. RESULTS The women in the study: African-American (79%), mean age=38.1years, mean age at diagnosis of SLE=28.6years, 35.3% had a history of smoking, 91% had 4 or more sexual partners, 50% had a history of sexually transmitted diseases, and 27.3% used condoms on a regular basis. Vaccine site reactions (VSRs) occurred in 62%, all mild. Ninety-seven percent experienced at least 1 non vaccine adverse event (nvAE) with a total of 493 nvAEs in 33 patients, of which 90% were mild and none were related to vaccine or SLE. There were 9 serious AEs, none were related to vaccine or SLE, all resolved. No patient experienced an SLE flare, thrombosis, or generation of thrombogenic antibodies. Seroconversion rate was 100% with mean GMTs comparable to Gardasil® package insert data. CONCLUSION In this SLE vaccine study, qHPV vaccine was generally safe, well tolerated, and highly immunogenic. This clinical trial is registered on Clinical Trials.gov under number, NCT01741012 and was conducted under the FDA IND BB14113.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Patricia Dhar
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States; Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant/Saginaw, MI, United States.
| | | | - Renee Dhar
- Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, United States
| | - Ardella Magee
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Joel Ager
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Robert J Sokol
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Foresta C, Garolla A, Parisi S, Ghezzi M, Bertoldo A, Di Nisio A, De Toni L. HPV prophylactic vaccination in males improves the clearance of semen infection. EBioMedicine 2016; 2:1487-93. [PMID: 26629543 PMCID: PMC4634690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
37
|
Barboza GE, Dominguez S. A sequential logit model of caretakers' decision to vaccinate children for the human papillomavirus virus in the general population. Prev Med 2016; 85:84-89. [PMID: 26825760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explores the predisposing, enabling, and need-based factors associated with parents' or guardians' decision to have their child initiate, continue, and complete the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. METHODS Parents and guardians of children between the ages of 9 and 17years who completed the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey collected by the Center for Disease Control (CDC, 2010) were analyzed. Utilizing Andersen's health care beliefs model, we explored the sequential nature of the decision to vaccinate (i.e., the decision to receive the first, second, and third dose), thereby allowing the independent variables to vary across each transition. RESULTS Among all children, 3.7% received exactly 1 shot, 16.3% received at least one shot, and 8.9% received all three shots. Among those who received at least one shot, 22.4% received exactly one shot, 23.7% received exactly 2 shots, and 54.9% completed all 3 shots. A differential impact was observed across transitions. Predisposing factors, such as being Hispanic (OR=1.9) and child age (OR=1.4), significantly predicted the decision to receive the first dose but enabling factors, such as having a regular physician (OR=4.5) and income (OR=.74) were more important for predicting completion. CONCLUSIONS The decision to initiate and complete HPV vaccination depends on a specific mix of enabling, predisposing, and need-based factors. Our analysis underscores the importance of modeling the vaccination decision in a manner that is consistent with how primary caregivers navigate real-life health care decisions for their children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gia Elise Barboza
- College of Social Science and Humanities, Northeastern University, 201 Renaissance Park, Boston, MA 02115, USA..
| | - Silvia Dominguez
- College of Social Science and Humanities, Northeastern University, 201 Renaissance Park, Boston, MA 02115, USA..
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Herweijer E, Sundström K, Ploner A, Uhnoo I, Sparén P, Arnheim-Dahlström L. Quadrivalent HPV vaccine effectiveness against high-grade cervical lesions by age at vaccination: A population-based study. Int J Cancer 2016; 138:2867-74. [PMID: 26856527 PMCID: PMC5069657 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16/18, included in HPV vaccines, contribute to the majority of cervical cancer, and a substantial proportion of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2/3 or worse (CIN2+/CIN3+) including adenocarcinoma in situ or worse. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccination on incidence of CIN2+ and CIN3+. A nationwide cohort of girls and young women resident in Sweden 2006–2013 and aged 13–29 (n = 1,333,691) was followed for vaccination and histologically confirmed high‐grade cervical lesions. Data were collected using the Swedish nationwide healthcare registers. Poisson regression was used to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and vaccine effectiveness [(1‐IRR)x100%] comparing fully vaccinated with unvaccinated individuals. IRRs were adjusted for attained age and parental education, and stratified on vaccination initiation age. Effectiveness against CIN2+ was 75% (IRR = 0.25, 95%CI = 0.18–0.35) for those initiating vaccination before age 17, and 46% (IRR = 0.54, 95%CI = 0.46–0.64) and 22% (IRR = 0.78, 95%CI = 0.65–0.93) for those initiating vaccination at ages 17–19, and at ages 20–29, respectively. Vaccine effectiveness against CIN3+ was similar to vaccine effectiveness against CIN2+. Results were robust for both women participating to the organized screening program and for women at prescreening ages. We show high effectiveness of qHPV vaccination on CIN2+ and CIN3+ lesions, with greater effectiveness observed in girls younger at vaccination initiation. Continued monitoring of impact of HPV vaccination in the population is needed in order to evaluate both long‐term vaccine effectiveness and to evaluate whether the vaccination program achieves anticipated effects in prevention of invasive cervical cancer. What's new? How well does quadrivalent HPV vaccination protect girls from cancer? These authors followed the entire population of Swedish girls ages 13–29 for high‐grade cervical lesions and quadrivalent HPV vaccination through a registry‐based study. Those receiving the quadrivalent HPV vaccine were less likely to develop of CIN2 and CIN3. In Sweden, the organized cervical screening program begins at age 23. This study showed that the vaccine was more effective against CIN2 and CIN3 if given before age 17 years. Longer follow‐up of vaccinated women is needed to determine the long‐term effectiveness of Sweden's vaccination program against invasive cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Herweijer
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Sundström
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Ploner
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Uhnoo
- Department of Monitoring and Evaluation, Public Health Agency of Sweden, Sweden
| | - Pär Sparén
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisen Arnheim-Dahlström
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Thompson LH, Nugent Z, Blanchard JF, Ens C, Yu BN. Increasing incidence of anogenital warts with an urban-rural divide among males in Manitoba, Canada, 1990-2011. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:219. [PMID: 26939696 PMCID: PMC4778275 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2885-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anogenital warts (AGW) are caused by the most common sexually transmitted infection, human papillomavirus. The objective of this study was to examine AGW incidence from 1990 to 2011 by sex, age, income quintile, and residential area category (urban/rural). The study period included the initiation of school-based HPV vaccination for girls in the sixth grade, which began in 2008. The data presented in this paper may also be useful for establishing baseline rates of AGW incidence which may be used to evaluate the success of the school-based HPV immunization program. Methods Cases of anogenital warts were identified using Manitoba’s administrative databases of Physician Claims and Hospital Discharge Abstracts. Annual age-standardized incidence in Manitoba from 1990 to 2011 was calculated. Incident AGW rates were compared by sex, age group, residential area category (urban/rural), and household income quintile using logistic regression. Joinpoint regression analyses were used to evaluate the time trends of AGW. Results Prior to 2000, AGW incidence was higher among females than males. However, from 2000 to 2011 the incidence was higher among males and increased steadily over time. AGW incidence tended to peak in younger age groups among females compared to males. Females and males living in urban areas had nearly twice the odds of AGW occurrence compared to those in rural areas. Conclusions There is a need for education about AGW in male population. The upcoming initiation of HPV vaccination among boys may reduce the incidence and should be evaluated. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2885-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura H Thompson
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Public Health and Primary Health Care Division, Manitoba Health, Healthy Living & Seniors, Winnipeg, R3B 3 M9, Manitoba, Canada.,Centre for Global Public Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Zoann Nugent
- Centre for Global Public Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - James F Blanchard
- Centre for Global Public Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Carla Ens
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Public Health and Primary Health Care Division, Manitoba Health, Healthy Living & Seniors, Winnipeg, R3B 3 M9, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Bo Nancy Yu
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit, Public Health and Primary Health Care Division, Manitoba Health, Healthy Living & Seniors, Winnipeg, R3B 3 M9, Manitoba, Canada. .,Centre for Global Public Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hirth JM, Rahman M, Smith JS, Berenson AB. Regional variations in HPV vaccination among 9-17 year old adolescent females from the BRFSS, 2008-2010. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:3475-83. [PMID: 25668660 DOI: 10.4161/21645515.2014.980202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among 18-26 y old women varies by geographic region in the US. However, little is known about regional variations in vaccination among girls who are in the vaccine's targeted age groups. Regional variation in HPV vaccination among female adolescents (9-17 y old) was examined using cross-sectional data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) between 2008 and 2010. Multivariable logistic regression estimated the association of region of residence (10 states included questions about adolescent HPV vaccination) with uptake and completion of the 3-shot HPV vaccine series. Among 7,849 adolescents, 26.9% initiated, and 55.2% of initiators completed the series. Adolescents from Northeast/Midwest/West states were 1.74 (95% CI: 1.45-2.10) times more likely to have initiated HPV vaccination compared to the South/Southwestern states. Among initiators, vaccine series completion did not vary significantly between the South/Southwestern and Northeast/Midwest/West states. Flu vaccination was associated with increased odds of initiation in both regions and completion of the HPV vaccine series in the South/Southwestern states only. Girls 9-10 and 11-12 y old were less likely to have initiated and 11-12 y olds were less likely to have completed the HPV vaccine series compared to 13-17 y olds. The observed regional variations in vaccination could cause rates of cervical cancer to remain higher in the South/Southwest and widen currently observed regional disparities in cervical cancer rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Hirth
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health ; University of Texas Medical Branch ; Galveston , TX USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Smith LM, Strumpf EC, Kaufman JS, Lofters A, Schwandt M, Lévesque LE. The early benefits of human papillomavirus vaccination on cervical dysplasia and anogenital warts. Pediatrics 2015; 135:e1131-40. [PMID: 25917991 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2014-2961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite widespread promotion of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) vaccination for young girls, there is limited information on the vaccine's real-world effectiveness and none on the effectiveness of qHPV vaccination programs. We assessed the impact of the qHPV vaccine and Ontario's grade 8 qHPV vaccination program on cervical dysplasia and anogenital warts (AGW). METHODS By using administrative health databases of Ontario, Canada, we identified a population-based retrospective cohort of girls in grade 8 before (2005/2006-2006/2007) and after (2007/2008-2008/2009) program implementation. Vaccine exposure was ascertained in grades 8 to 9 and outcomes in grades 10 to 12. A quasi-experimental approach known as regression discontinuity was used to estimate absolute risk differences (RDs), relative risks (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) attributable to vaccination and program eligibility (intention-to-treat analysis). RESULTS The cohort comprised 131,781 ineligible and 128,712 eligible girls (n = 260,493). We identified 2436 cases of dysplasia and 400 cases of AGW. Vaccination significantly reduced the incidence of dysplasia by 5.70 per 1000 girls (95% CI -9.91 to -1.50), corresponding to a relative reduction of 44% (RR 0.56; 95% CI 0.36 to 0.87). Program eligibility also had a significant protective effect on dysplasia: RD -2.32/1000 (95% CI -4.02 to -0.61); RR 0.79 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.94). Results suggested decreases in AGW attributable to vaccination (RD -0.83/1000, 95% CI -2.54 to 0.88; RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.20 to 1.58) and program eligibility (RD -0.34/1000, 95% CI -1.03 to 0.36; RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.25). CONCLUSIONS This study provides strong evidence of the early benefits of qHPV vaccination among girls aged 14 to 17 years, offering additional justification for not delaying vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leah M Smith
- Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, and
| | - Erin C Strumpf
- Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, and Economics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jay S Kaufman
- Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, and
| | - Aisha Lofters
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Schwandt
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Linda E Lévesque
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences-Queen's Health Services Research Facility, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rahman M, Laz TH, McGrath CJ, Berenson AB. Provider recommendation mediates the relationship between parental human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine awareness and HPV vaccine initiation and completion among 13- to 17-year-old U.S. adolescent children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2015; 54:371-5. [PMID: 25238779 PMCID: PMC4366339 DOI: 10.1177/0009922814551135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between parental human papillomavirus (HPV) awareness and HPV vaccine initiation/completion based on 13- to 17-year-old US adolescent children and to explore whether these associations were mediated by provider recommendation. METHODS We used publicly available National Immunization Survey-Teen 2011 data (11 236 adolescent girls and 12 328 boys). RESULTS Weighted logistic regression analysis showed that parental HPV awareness and provider recommendation predicted HPV vaccine initiation and completion separately among both girls and boys, after adjusting for demographic and health care use variables. When provider recommendation and parental HPV awareness were entered in the model simultaneously, only provider recommendation was independently associated with HPV vaccine initiation and completion, demonstrating a mediation effect of provider recommendation. CONCLUSIONS Future studies are needed to better understand why physicians may not provide a recommendation for the HPV vaccine as well as to identify strategies to improve providers' ability to effectively communicate their recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahbubur Rahman
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Huang S, Tang W, Zhu Z, Lu H, Tan X, Zhang B, Best J, Yang L, Zheng H, Jiang N, Yin Y, Yang B, Chen X. Higher prevalence of sexual transmitted diseases and correlates of genital warts among heterosexual males attending sexually transmitted infection clinics (MSCs) in Jiangmen, China: implication for the up-taking of STD related service. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121814. [PMID: 25811185 PMCID: PMC4374714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing burden of STDs is one of China’s major public health concerns. However, only a limited number of studies have ever investigated the prevalence of these STDs, particular for genital warts and its correlates among heterosexual males attending STD clinics in China. In order to fill this gap, we conducted a cross-sectional study among MSCs in Jiangmen, China, between the years of 2009 and 2010. Method The eligible participants were recruited from several STD-clinics in public hospitals. We collected demographic information and behaviors of the participants. After HIV and syphilis testing, we further checked whether the participants had genital warts and genital herpes. In addition, urine samples were collected from part of the participants for CT and NG testing. Results Of the 533 eligible participants, over three-fifths were aged 35 or below, nearly three quarters had no college degree, over three-fifths were residence of Jiangmen. The prevalence of HIV, syphilis, genital warts, genital herpes, CT and NG were 0.19%, 7.50%, 7.32%, 5.25%, 9.73% and 6.19%, respectively. Living with family members (versus living alone), no STD-related service in past year, experiencing STDs related symptoms in past year, and sex with FSWs in last three months were positively associated with genital warts, with adjusted ORs of 5.54 (95% CI 1.94–15.81), 2.26 (95% CI 1.08–4.74), 1.99 (95% CI 1.00–3.99) and 2.01 (95% CI 1.00–4.04), respectively. Conclusion Our study indicates that the prevalence of STDs among MSCs in Jiangmen was high, which may further spread HIV among MSCs. Targeted interventions that focused on STDs related services uptake should be implemented urgently.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STI Control, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Weiming Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STI Control, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- University of North Carolina Project-China, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Zhengjun Zhu
- Jiangmen Dermatology Hospital, No. 62 Yuejin Road, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Hekun Lu
- Jiangmen Dermatology Hospital, No. 62 Yuejin Road, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Xueling Tan
- Jiangmen Dermatology Hospital, No. 62 Yuejin Road, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Baoyuan Zhang
- Jiangmen Dermatology Hospital, No. 62 Yuejin Road, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - John Best
- Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, United States of America
| | - Ligang Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STI Control, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STI Control, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- National Center for STD Control, China CDC. No. 12, Jiangwangmiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
| | - Yueping Yin
- National Center for STD Control, China CDC. No. 12, Jiangwangmiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Skin Diseases and STI Control, No. 2 Lujing Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- * E-mail: (BY); (XC)
| | - Xiangsheng Chen
- National Center for STD Control, China CDC. No. 12, Jiangwangmiao, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
- * E-mail: (BY); (XC)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhao S, Zhou HY, Li H, Yi T, Zhao X. The therapeutic impact of HNP-1 in condyloma acuminatum. Int J Dermatol 2015; 54:1205-10. [PMID: 25600882 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Condyloma acuminatum is one of the most commonly occurring sexually transmitted diseases. HNP1 is a small antimicrobial peptide that has been reported to have antiviral activities. AIM Using the condyloma acuminatum tissue culture to resemble the situation more closely in vivo, we investigate the therapeutic effect of a recombinant plasmid encoding HNP1 gene in condyloma acuminatum tissue. METHODS Recombinant plasmid DNA carrying HNP1 cDNA was constructed and identified. Then the recombinant plasmid was transfected into a condyloma acuminatum tissue fragment, and the HNP1 expression was determined on these tissue fragments by immunohistochemistry. TUNEL staining and flow cytometry techniques were used to examine cell apoptosis of condyloma acuminatum tissue. Relative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to validate antihuman papillomavirus therapeutics of the treatment groups. RESULTS Transfected HNP1 gene was expressed mainly in the cytoplasmic granules of the condyloma acuminatum tissues. Positive apoptotic cells were observed in condyloma acuminatum tissues transfected with the HNP1 gene. In addition, the HPV expression was lower in the HNP1 treatment tissues as compared to their corresponding control tissues. CONCLUSION The results indicate that HNP1 can directly promote condyloma acuminatum cell apoptosis and play an antivirus role in the condyloma acuminatum tissue by limiting viral replication. These observations suggest a possible application for human HNP1 on condyloma acuminatum therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Zhao
- Biotherapy Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Ying Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- Biotherapy Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Yi
- Biotherapy Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Biotherapy Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Reiter PL, McRee AL, Katz ML, Paskett ED. Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Young Adult Gay and Bisexual Men in the United States. Am J Public Health 2015; 105:96-102. [PMID: 25393178 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2014.302095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. We examined human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among gay and bisexual men, a population with high rates of HPV infection and HPV-related disease. Methods. A national sample of gay and bisexual men aged 18 to 26 years (n = 428) completed online surveys in fall 2013. We identified correlates of HPV vaccination using multivariate logistic regression. Results. Overall, 13% of participants had received any doses of the HPV vaccine. About 83% who had received a health care provider recommendation for vaccination were vaccinated, compared with only 5% without a recommendation (P < .001). Vaccination was lower among participants who perceived greater barriers to getting vaccinated (odds ratio [OR] = 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.27, 0.78). Vaccination was higher among participants with higher levels of worry about getting HPV-related disease (OR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.05, 2.27) or perceived positive social norms of HPV vaccination (OR = 1.57; 95% CI = 1.02, 2.43). Conclusions. HPV vaccine coverage is low among gay and bisexual men in the United States. Future efforts should focus on increasing provider recommendation for vaccination and should target other modifiable factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Reiter
- Paul L. Reiter and Electra D. Paskett are with the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, College of Medicine and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus. Annie-Laurie McRee and Mira L. Katz are with the Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Onyeabor OS, Martin N, Orish VN, Sanyaolu AO, Iriemenam NC. Awareness of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Among Adolescent African American Males Who Have Sex with Males: a Pilot Study. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2014; 2:290-4. [PMID: 26863459 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-014-0068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
African American adolescent males who have sex with males (MSMs) have a high prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) that has been directly linked to lack of access to primary care providers and reluctance to disclose their sexuality. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common STD with more than 40 different serotypes and can lead to anal/genital warts as well as oral and genital cancers. The HPV vaccine if taken prior to an adolescent becoming sexually active serves a prophylactic function. The HPV vaccine is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for girls and boys; however, HPV vaccination rates among adolescents within different minority and underserved communities have been disappointing even though these groups are disproportionately infected with the HPV virus and certain male-specific cancers. Little is known about the uptake of the vaccine among African American MSMs and thus the aim of this study. This qualitative study is based on the health belief model and assessed participants' level of awareness of HPV, the HPV vaccine, and HPV-related illnesses among 24 African American male adolescents between 16 and 18 years old who self identify as MSMs. As part of a larger study, two focus groups were conducted for African American MSMs. Participants failed to understand their potential risk for HPV given the higher rates of STD infection experienced by MSMs. They expressed very little knowledge of the HPV vaccine and are also not aware of the complications of HPV virus infection. However, they were very eager to know more about the virus and the vaccine. This study demonstrates the need for the development of health communication intervention and more research targeting African American MSMs and also the need for policy change towards making the HPV vaccine routine for males especially adolescents at no cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onyekachi S Onyeabor
- Satcher Health Leadership Institute, Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
| | - Nicolle Martin
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview drive, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Verner N Orish
- Department of Internal Medicine, Effia-Nkwanta Regional Hospital Sekondi-Takoradi, Sekondi-Takoradi, Western Region, Ghana
| | - Adekunle O Sanyaolu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Saint James School of Medicine, Anguilla, British West Indies
| | - Nnaemeka C Iriemenam
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lim WT, Sears K, Smith LM, Liu G, Lévesque LE. Evidence of effective delivery of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine through a publicly funded, school-based program: the Ontario Grade 8 HPV Vaccine Cohort Study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1029. [PMID: 25278003 PMCID: PMC4198791 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proper administration of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (three doses at 0, 2, and 6 months) will likely influence the vaccine's effectiveness and the impact of vaccination programs on health outcomes. Therefore, we assessed HPV vaccine series completion and on-time dosing in Canada's largest publicly funded, school-based HPV vaccination program. METHODS Using administrative health and immunization databases, we identified a population-based cohort of girls eligible for Ontario's Grade 8 HPV vaccination program in the 2007/08-2009/10 program years who received at least one dose of the vaccine. We determined the number of doses received and calculated the percentage of girls that completed the three-dose series in Grade 8 and Grades 8-9. To assess on-time dosing, the number of days between doses 1-2, 2-3, and 1-3 was calculated and categorized (e.g., too short, on schedule, too long) based on the manufacturer's recommendations. Analyses were also stratified by program year. RESULTS We identified a cohort of 55,798 girls who initiated the vaccination series. Series completion was high in the Grade 8 window (81.8%) and increased by approximately 6% in Grade 9. Series completion was similar across the three program years. 70.8%, 98.5%, and 86.1% of girls were classified as 'on schedule' for dosing intervals 1-2, 2-3, and 1-3, respectively; 70.0% of girls received all three doses in perfect accordance with dosing recommendations. Stratification revealed that on-time dosing was highest in the first two years of the program (85.6% and 80.6%), but dropped to 42.1% in the 2009/10 year when H1N1 vaccination programs were prioritized. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that delivery of the HPV vaccine through a free, school-based program is an effective method of ensuring high completion and on-time dosing, but may not be sufficient to guarantee high coverage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Ting Lim
- />Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
- />Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Kim Sears
- />School of Nursing, Queen’s University, Kingston, K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Leah M Smith
- />Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 1A2 Canada
| | - Guoyuan Liu
- />Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Linda E Lévesque
- />Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
- />Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hahne T, Palaniyandi M, Kato T, Fleischmann P, Wätzig H, Park EY. Characterization of human papillomavirus 6b L1 virus-like particles isolated from silkworms using capillary zone electrophoresis. J Biosci Bioeng 2014; 118:311-4. [PMID: 24694399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus 6b L1 virus-like particles (VLPs) were successfully expressed using Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmid expression system and rapidly purified using size exclusion chromatography after ultracentrifugation procedure and characterized by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). The average capillary electrophoresis migration time was 11 min with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.3% of human papillomavirus 6b L1 VLPs. After this threefold fractionation, the CZE samples were still further investigated by dynamic light scattering and immuno blotting. The versatile technique, CZE not only proved to be a valuable tool for VLP characterization, but was also found to be reliable and precise. Thus CZE will also be an important option for the quality control of VLPs in pharmaceutical research level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hahne
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Muthukutty Palaniyandi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Peter Fleischmann
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstr. 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hermann Wätzig
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Rahman M, McGrath CJ, Berenson AB. Geographic variation in human papillomavirus vaccination uptake among 13-17 year old adolescent girls in the United States. Vaccine 2014; 32:2394-8. [PMID: 24637175 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Geographic variation in provider-verified human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among adolescent girls in the US has not been examined. To investigate this, we analyzed 2011 National Immunization Survey-Teen data. Among 13-17 year old girls (n=11,236), weighted vaccine initiation (48.4%) and completion rates (30.6%) were the lowest in the South when compared to the Northeast (53.4% and 39.9%), Midwest (51.1% and 33.5%) and West (61.6% and 38.7%) (P<.001, both for initiation and completion). Multivariable log-binomial regression analysis indicated that 13-17 year old girls living in the South were less likely to initiate [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR)=0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75-0.97] and complete (aPR=0.83, 95% CI, 0.74-0.93) the HPV vaccine series compared to girls living in the Northeast. Similar differences were observed when the uptake rates in the South were compared to other regions in the US. Intervention programs to increase HPV vaccine uptake and reduce regional disparities are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0587, United States.
| | - Christine J McGrath
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0587, United States
| | - Abbey B Berenson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Women's Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0587, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Inhibition by cellular vacuolar ATPase impairs human papillomavirus uncoating and infection. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2014; 58:2905-11. [PMID: 24614368 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02284-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several viruses, including human papillomaviruses, depend on endosomal acidification for successful infection. Hence, the multisubunit enzyme vacuolar ATPase (V-ATPase), which is mainly responsible for endosome acidification in the cell, represents an attractive target for antiviral strategies. In the present study, we show that V-ATPase is required for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and that uncoating/disassembly but not endocytosis is affected by V-ATPase inhibition. The infection inhibitory potencies of saliphenylhalamide, a proven V-ATPase inhibitor, and its derivatives, as well as those of other V-ATPase inhibitors, were analyzed on different HPV types in relevant cell lines. Variation in the selectivity indices among V-ATPase inhibitors was high, while variation for the same inhibitor against different HPV subtypes was low, indicating that broad-spectrum anti-HPV activity can be provided.
Collapse
|