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Qi Y, Reijneveld SA, Almansa J, Brouwer S, Vrooman JC. Diverging death risks: Mortality as a corollary of economic, social, cultural and person capital. SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101644. [PMID: 38486801 PMCID: PMC10937154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diverging death risks are associated with a wide range of social factors, including not only education and income but also other economic and non-economic resources. The aim of this study was to assess the association of mortality risks with four types of resources: economic, social, cultural and person capital. Methods We used data of 2,952 participants from the Disparities in the Netherlands survey and annual mortality data from Statistics Netherlands for the period 2014 to 2021. Economic capital was measured through education, income, occupation, home equity, and liquid assets. Social capital was measured by the strength of social ties, the size of the core discussion network, and access to people in resourceful positions; cultural capital by lifestyle, digital skills, and mastery of English, and person capital by self-rated health, impediments to climbing stairs, self-confidence, self-image, people's appearance, and body mass index. To accommodate the fact that each capital was derived from several indicators, we used Partial Least Squares (PLS) Cox Regression. Results In multiple regression, higher economic, cultural, and person capital were associated with lower mortality (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI, 0.65 to 0.90], 0.77 [0.64-0.93] and 0.80; [0.70-0.92]), adjusted for all capital measures and sex. Conclusion The finding that more economic, cultural and person capital is associated with lower mortality provides empirical support for an approach that uses a broad spectrum of capital measures - hitherto rarely included simultaneously in epidemiological research - in order to understand diverging death risks. By integrating sociological concepts, cohort data, and epidemiological research methods, our study highlights the need for further research on the interplay between different forms of resources in shaping health inequalities. In designing public health interventions, we advocate the adoption of a multidimensional capital-based framework for tackling social disparities in mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Qi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Josué Almansa
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra Brouwer
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J. Cok Vrooman
- Utrecht University, Department of Sociology/ICS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- The Netherlands Institute for Social Research|SCP, the Netherlands
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Zhang X, Chen X, Li S, Gao M, Han P, Cao L, Gao J, Tao Q, Zhai J, Liang D, Qin L, Guo Q. Association Between Advanced Glycation End Products and Sarcopenia: The Mediating Role of Osteoporosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:e1105-e1116. [PMID: 37925684 PMCID: PMC10876396 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a group of molecules formed through nonenzymatic reactions. These compounds are associated with several age-related diseases, including sarcopenia and osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE This work aimed to investigate the relationships between AGEs, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1991 older adults aged 72.37 ± 5.90 years from China. AGE levels were measured by the AGE Reader device. Bone mineral density was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and osteoporosis was diagnosed based on a T score of less than -2.5. Sarcopenia was defined as loss of muscle mass plus loss of muscle strength and/or reduced physical performance. Presarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass with normal muscle strength and normal physical performance. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.5%, and that of osteoporosis was 40.5%. Compared to the lowest AGE quartile, the highest AGE quartile showed a significant association with sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR] 2.42; 95% CI, 1.60-3.66) (P for trend <.001), but not with presarcopenia. Per-SD increase in AGE was associated with higher odds of sarcopenia (OR 1.44; 95% CI, 1.26-1.66). Additionally, in the mediation analysis, when AGEs were treated as a continuous variable (the mediation effect is denoted by Za*Zb = 18.81; 95% CI, 8.07-32.32]-the 95% CI does not contain zero, representing a significant mediating effect) or a categorical variable (the mediating effect is expressed as Zmediation = 3.01 > 1.96, which represents a significant mediating effect), osteoporosis played a partial mediating role in the association between AGEs and sarcopenia. CONCLUSION Elevated AGEs are associated with sarcopenia but not with presarcopenia. This association was partially mediated by osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise & Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise & Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Mengze Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise & Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Peipei Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Liou Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Jing Gao
- General Practice Clinic, Pujiang Community Health Service Center in Minhang District, Shanghai 201112, China
| | - Qiongying Tao
- Jiading Subdistrict Community Health Center, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Jiayi Zhai
- Jiading Subdistrict Community Health Center, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Dongyu Liang
- Clinical Research Center, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of General Medicine, Jiading Subdistrict Community Health Center, Shanghai 201899, China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
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Genazzani AR, Divakar H, Khadilkar SS, Monteleone P, Evangelisti B, Galal AF, Priego PIR, Simoncini T, Giannini A, Goba G, Benedetto C. Counseling in menopausal women: How to address the benefits and risks of menopause hormone therapy. A FIGO position paper. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024; 164:516-530. [PMID: 38178609 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Menopause marks the end of menstrual cyclicity and, depending on individual vulnerability, has several consequences related to gonadal steroid deprivation, especially if it is premature. Menopause may be more burdensome for some women than for others. Individual factors, such as personal history, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and current health conditions, affect symptomatology and, thereby, the menopausal experience. In addition, some menopausal symptoms, such as severe hot flashes, sleep disorders, and depression, are markers of future health risks. Counseling is a fundamental part of health care in the peri- and postmenopause periods. It must include an assessment of the patient's symptoms, needs, desires, and risk profile to address the benefits and risks of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) on an individual basis and promote a healthy lifestyle. Indeed, healthcare practitioners can and must protect the health and lives of mid-life women by increasing awareness of menopausal symptoms and ensuring healthcare options, especially MHT. The type and duration of MHT should be tailored based on the patient's history, menopausal age, physical characteristics, and current health status so that the benefits always outweigh the risks. This FIGO position paper focuses on the benefits and risks of MHT on health domains, target organs, and systems, and on systemic and vaginal MHT regimens, to provide indications that can be used in the clinical practice for menopausal counseling. Moreover, it offers insights into what FIGO considers the mainstay for the healthcare management of women in peri- and postmenopause, worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea R Genazzani
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, The University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Hema Divakar
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Divakars Speciality Hospital, Bengaluru, India
- FIGO Committee on Well Woman Health Care, London, UK
| | - Suvarna S Khadilkar
- FIGO Committee on Well Woman Health Care, London, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Patrizia Monteleone
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda USL Toscana Nord Ovest, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Ahmed F Galal
- FIGO Committee on Well Woman Health Care, London, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Elshatby Maternity University Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Paola I R Priego
- FIGO Committee on Well Woman Health Care, London, UK
- Hospital Ángeles del Pedregal, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tommaso Simoncini
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, The University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Giannini
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, The University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gelila Goba
- FIGO Committee on Well Woman Health Care, London, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chiara Benedetto
- FIGO Committee on Well Woman Health Care, London, UK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sant'Anna University Hospital, Torino, Italy
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Watson B, Das A, Maguire S, Fleet G, Punamiya A. The little intervention that could: creative aging implies healthy aging among Canadian seniors. Aging Ment Health 2024; 28:307-318. [PMID: 37602435 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2246416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Through a process of 'creative ageing', there is increased interest in how active participation in the arts can help promote health and well-being among seniors. However, few studies have quantitatively examined the benefits of a foray into artistic expression, and even fewer employ rigorous identification strategies. Addressing this knowledge gap, we use a series of quantitative techniques (ordinary least squares and quantile regression) to analyze the impact of an arts-based intervention targeting the elderly. METHODS Recruited from Saint John, New Brunswick (a city of about 125,000 people in Eastern Canada), 130 seniors were randomly assigned to the programme, with the remaining 122 serving as the control. This intervention consisted of weekly 2-h art sessions (i.e. drawing, painting, collage, clay-work, performance, sculpting, and mixed media), taking place from January 2020 until April 2021. RESULTS Relative to the control group, the intervention tended to reduce participant loneliness and depression, and improve their mental health. Outcomes were more evident toward the latter part of the programme, were increasing in attendance, and most efficacious among those with initially low levels of well-being. CONCLUSION These findings imply that creative ageing promotes healthy ageing, which is especially noteworthy given COVID-19 likely attenuated our results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alekhya Das
- University of New Brunswick, Saint John, Canada
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Lewandowska K, Węziak-Białowolska D. The impact of theatre on social competencies: a meta-analytic evaluation. Arts Health 2023; 15:306-337. [PMID: 36203325 DOI: 10.1080/17533015.2022.2130947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been agrowing interest in using artistic interventions as a method of developing interpersonal competence. This paper presents a meta-analysis evaluating the impact of theatre interventions on social competencies. METHODS Twenty-one primary studies totaling 4064 participants were included, presenting evidence available since 1983. Included studies were assessed in terms of quality, heterogeneity, and publication bias. RESULTS Our findings indicated that active theatre participation significantly improved participants' empathic abilities, social communication, tolerance, and social interactions, with the largest pooled effect size for social communication (0.698) and the smallest for tolerance (0.156). Our findings did not corroborate the impact of theatre on self-concept. CONCLUSIONS This paper shows that theatre interventions have a positive impact on social competencies. The paper makes a methodological contribution by showing that randomized and non-randomized studies yielded comparably valid results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Lewandowska
- Aleksander Zelwerowicz National Academy of Dramatic Art in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Węziak-Białowolska
- Sustainability and Health Initiative (Shine), Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Centre for Evaluation and Analysis of Public Policies, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
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Løkken BI, Sund ER, Krokstad S, Bjerkeset O, Rangul V. Association between engagement in cultural activities and use of general practitioner consultations: 7-year follow-up of adults from the HUNT study, Norway. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068004. [PMID: 37696637 PMCID: PMC10496689 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess whether engagement in a range of cultural activities, both 'passive' and 'active' (ie, receptive and creative) participation, is associated with later demand for general practitioner (GP) consultations. DESIGN Longitudinal prospective cohort study. SETTING Data from the population-based the third Survey of Trøndelag Health Study (2006-2008) in Norway was linked to an administrative register including service information from all GP offices nationwide. PARTICIPANTS This study included 17 396 (54.6%) women and 14 451 (45.4%) men aged 30-79 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Multilevel negative binomial regression models assessed the relationship between cultural engagement and GP consultations, and reported as rate ratios. RESULTS A mean of 3.57 GP visits per patient was recorded during the 7 years of follow-up. Participation in creative activities and a combination of both receptive and creative activities was associated with lower number of GP consultation. Gender-specific analyses suggest that these effects were attributable to men. The rate ratio of GP consultations among men taking part in creative activities less than once, twice and more than twice (<9 times) per week is 0.90, 0.89 and 0.87 times lower, respectively, compared with non-participants. Whereas weekly frequency of receptive and creative activity engagement showed a 0.92, 0.87 and 0.83 times lower rate ratio among engaged men. The variety of activities shows a similar pattern and participation in creative activities lowers the rate ratio among men. Engagement in a wide range/variety of activities, compared with non-engagement, was associated with lower numbers of GP consultations in men, but not women. CONCLUSIONS Engagement in creative or combined receptive and creative cultural activities was associated with lower numbers of GP consultations among men. Thus, facilitating and promoting a culturally engaged lifestyle, particularly in men, may affect primary healthcare use. However, this study design gives no evidence of a causal relationship between cultural engagement and use of GP consultations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Irene Løkken
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord Universitet - Levanger Campus, Levanger, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik R Sund
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord Universitet - Levanger Campus, Levanger, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Steinar Krokstad
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Ottar Bjerkeset
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord Universitet - Levanger Campus, Levanger, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Vegar Rangul
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord Universitet - Levanger Campus, Levanger, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
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Song Y, Chang Z, Song C, Cui K, Yuan S, Qiao Z, Bian X, Gao Y, Dou K. Association of sleep quality, its change and sleep duration with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Findings from the English longitudinal study of ageing. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2023; 39:e3669. [PMID: 37288700 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the association of sleep quality and its long-term change with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to assess the relationship between sleep duration and the risk of T2DM according to categories of sleep quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS 5728 participants free of T2DM at wave 4 from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were included and received a follow-up with a median time of 8 years. We created a sleep quality score to evaluate sleep quality, which was based on three Jenkins Sleep Problems Scale questions (the frequency of feeling hard to fall asleep, waking up at night, and feeling tired in the morning) and one question for rating overall sleep quality. Participants were allocated into three groups according to their baseline sleep quality scores (groups of good [4-8], intermediate [8-12], and poor quality [12-16]). Sleep duration was assessed by a self-reporting sleep hours from each participant. RESULTS 411 (7.2%) T2DM cases were documented during the follow-up. Compared with the good quality group, subjects with poor sleep quality showed a significantly higher risk of T2DM (hazard ratio (HR) 1.45, confidence interval (CI) 1.09, 1.92). In participants with good baseline sleep quality, those who experienced worsened sleep quality showed a significantly increased T2DM risk (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.26, 2.49). Type 2 diabetes mellitus risk was not changed regardless of sleep duration in subjects with good quality. Short sleep duration (≤4h) was associated with an elevated T2DM risk in participants with intermediate sleep quality, and both short (≤4h) and prolonged sleep time (≥9h) were associated with an increased T2DM risk in the poor sleep quality group. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality is correlated with an increase in T2DM risk, and regulating sleep quality to a good range could potentially be an effective approach for preventing T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Song
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen'ge Chang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Song
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Kongyong Cui
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Yuan
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Qiao
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Bian
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Kefei Dou
- Cardiometabolic Medicine Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China
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Fioranelli M, Roccia MG, Garo ML. The role of arts engagement in reducing cognitive decline and improving quality of life in healthy older people: a systematic review. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1232357. [PMID: 37671109 PMCID: PMC10475943 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1232357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, arts engagement has been proposed as a non-pharmacological approach to reduce cognitive decline and increase well-being and quality of life in specific populations such as the elderly or patients with severe disease. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of receptive or active arts engagement on reducing cognitive decline and improving quality of life and well-being in healthy populations, with a particular focus on the role of arts engagement in the long term. A comprehensive search strategy was conducted across four databases from February to March 2023. Ten studies with a total of 7,874 participants were incorporated in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Active and receptive arts engagement was found to be an effective approach to reduce cognitive decline and improve well-being and quality of life in healthy populations. The role of the positive effects of arts engagement could be determined by the combination of several factors such as exposure to cultural activities and the group effect. There is limited evidence of the protective effects of active arts engagement over a long period of time. Given the increasing demand for preventive programmes to reduce the negative effects of population ageing, more research on arts engagement should be conducted to identify its mechanisms and long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Luisa Garo
- Istituto Terapie Sistemiche Integrate, Casa di Cura Sanatrix, Rome, Italy
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Syed Sheriff R, Bergin L, Bonsaver L, Riga E, O'Dell B, Adams H, Glogowska M. Online arts and culture for mental health in young people: a qualitative interview study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071387. [PMID: 37336538 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-071387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to understand young people's perception of the potential utility of arts and culture, focusing on online access, for supporting their mental health. DESIGN A qualitative interview study. SETTING Online. PARTICIPANTS Participants were selected by purposeful sampling from an online survey of arts and culture for mental health and well-being. METHOD Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted from 30 July 2020 to 9 September 2020. Rich interview data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Thirteen participants aged 18-24 who were socio-demographically diverse and varied in their use of online arts and culture (OAC) and in their level of psychological distress were interviewed. Six themes, 'Characteristics of other activities', 'Online engagement', 'Human connection', 'Mechanisms of impact', 'Mental health outcomes' and 'Engagement optimisation', were identified along with subthemes. Participants identified that online engagement had some advantages over in-person engagement and benefits were greater with familiarity and regular use. Participants described that human connection was the feature of OAC most likely to benefit mental health and emphasised the importance of representation. Mechanisms included improving perspective, reflection, learning, escapism, creativity, exploration and discovery. Outcomes were described as the disruption of negative thought patterns, lifting of mood and increased feelings of calm and proactivity. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that young people have a critical level of insight and understanding regarding their mental health and ways in which it might be improved. These findings can be used to optimise the mental health benefits of OAC in an engaging and acceptable way for young people. These methodologies could be applied to other types of community resources for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Syed Sheriff
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Bergin
- Gardens, Libraries and Museums, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura Bonsaver
- Gardens, Libraries and Museums, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Evgenia Riga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bessie O'Dell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen Adams
- Gardens, Libraries and Museums, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Margaret Glogowska
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Johansson SE, Jansåker F, Sundquist K, Bygren LO. A longitudinal study of the association between attending cultural events and coronary heart disease. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:72. [PMID: 37225790 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00301-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The experiences of art and music are an essential part of human life and this study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between cultural participation and coronary heart disease. METHODS This was a longitudinal study on a randomly selected representative adult cohort (n = 3296) of the Swedish population. The study period was over 36 years (1982-2017) with three separate eight-year interval measurements of cultural exposure (for example, visiting theatres and museums) starting in 1982/83. The outcome was coronary heart disease during the study period. Marginal structural Cox models with inverse probability weighting were used to account for time-varying weights of the exposure and potential confounders during the follow-up. The associations were also examined through a time-varying Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS Cultural participation shows a graded association, the higher the exposure the lower the risk of coronary heart disease; the hazard ratio was 0.66 (95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 0.86) for coronary heart disease in participants with the highest level of cultural exposure compared with the lowest level. CONCLUSION Although causality cannot be determined due to the remaining risk of residual confounding and bias, the use of marginal structural Cox models with inverse probability weighting strengthens the evidence for a potentially causal association with cardiovascular health, which warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven-Erik Johansson
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Filip Jansåker
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
- Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Lars Olov Bygren
- Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Bygren LO, Jansåker F, Sundquist K, Johansson SE. Association between attending cultural events and all-cause mortality: a longitudinal study with three measurements (1982-2017). BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065714. [PMID: 36810171 PMCID: PMC9945101 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between cultural attendance and all-cause mortality. DESIGN A longitudinal cohort study over 36 years (1982-2017) with three 8-year interval measurements of exposure (1982/1983, 1990/1991 and 1998/1999) to cultural attendance and a follow-up period to 31 December 2017. SETTING Sweden. PARTICIPANTS The study included 3311 randomly selected individuals from the Swedish population with complete data for all three measurements. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS All-cause mortality during the study period in relation to level of cultural attendance. Cox regression models with time-varying covariates were used to estimate HRs adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS The HRs of cultural attendance in the lowest and middle levels compared with the highest level (reference; HR=1) were 1.63 (95% CI 1.34 to 2.00) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.51), respectively. CONCLUSION Attending cultural events has a suggested gradient, the lesser cultural exposure the higher all-cause mortality during the follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Olov Bygren
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Filip Jansåker
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Kobenhavn, Denmark
| | - Kristina Sundquist
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sven-Erik Johansson
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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12
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Kaptein AA. Torn between two lovers - on being a psychologist in a university medical centre. Health Psychol Behav Med 2023; 11:2170379. [PMID: 36733298 PMCID: PMC9888463 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2023.2170379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psychology as applied to health and illness has a relatively short history. Nevertheless, that history shows a rapid development of the theoretical models that guide the field over the past 60 years. Core theoretical approaches are concisely reviewed, in the context of Kaplan's paper 'Behavior as the central outcome in health care' (1990), which is used as a model to examine the extent to which these approaches embrace Kaplan's notions. Advances Empirical studies from the health psychology domain are used, which demonstrate the gains in terms of quality of life and behavioural outcomes in patients with (chronic) somatic diseases. Over a period of some 60 years, theoretical models and core concepts in psychology as applied to health and illness have evolved from psychosomatic views to neuropsychology, quality of life, patient education, self-management, illness perceptions, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), shared decision-making (SDM) and health humanities (HH). The more recent models (SDM, HH) appear to align to a considerable degree with adopting 'behavior as the central outcome an outcome in health care'; shared decision-making and health humanities focus on encouraging patients to make sense of and give meaning to their illness in order to attain optimal psychosocial adjustment. Conclusions In addition to 'behavior as the central outcome in health care', a new definition of the concept of health (i.e. 'the ability to adapt and to self-manage' - Huber et al., 2011) seems to favour patients, healthcare providers, society, and health psychology. Incorporating this concept into medical care may be viewed as a challenge for health psychologists - and as a source of continual struggle with strong biomedical forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ad A. Kaptein
- Medical Psychology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands, Ad A. Kaptein Medical Psychology, Leiden University Medical Centre, PO Box 9600, Leiden2300, The Netherlands
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13
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Golden TL, Maier Lokuta A, Mohanty A, Tiedemann A, Ng TWC, Mendu M, Morgan N, Kuge MN, Brinza T. Social prescription in the US: A pilot evaluation of Mass Cultural Council's "CultureRx". Front Public Health 2023; 10:1016136. [PMID: 36743160 PMCID: PMC9892638 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As the field of public health strives to address the impacts of social determinants of health, it has seen increasing interest in community-referral practices that expand health care beyond clinical spaces. However, community arts and culture organizations are rarely included in these practices, despite accumulating evidence of associated health benefits. In addition, such inclusion has not been formally studied. In response, this article offers an evaluation of "CultureRx" in Massachusetts (MA): the first US model of arts on prescription. The program is a partnership between 20 healthcare providers and 12 cultural organizations, in which providers can offer "prescriptions" to cultural experiences to support patients' health. Methods Evaluation was undertaken to illuminate participant experiences, program successes and barriers, and recommendations for further development. The cultural organizations collected participant data (n = 84) and completed surveys about their own experiences (n = 12). Authors conducted semi-structured focus groups and interviews with healthcare providers (n = 33). Data analysis was customized for each dataset. Results Findings indicate that participants enjoyed and hoped to repeat their prescribed experiences, which they saw as beneficial to wellbeing. Providers identified the program as a new and critical addition to their toolkits; they also indicated it had a positive effect on their own wellbeing. Cultural organizations reported varied challenges, learnings, and recommendations. Conclusion The CultureRx pilot suggests that integrating arts/culture assets into health and social care approaches can enrich and improve traditional US models of community referral. By including arts/culture resources when addressing social determinants of health, communities will be better positioned to equitably and holistically advance health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasha L. Golden
- International Arts and Mind Lab, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Alyson Maier Lokuta
- Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States,New Jersey Performing Arts Center, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Aanchal Mohanty
- International Arts and Mind Lab, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alyssa Tiedemann
- International Arts and Mind Lab, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Alyssa Tiedemann ✉
| | - T. W. Cherry Ng
- International Arts and Mind Lab, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Nicole Morgan
- Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maria Nagae Kuge
- Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Tessa Brinza
- Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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14
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Chapple M, Anisimovich A, Worsley J, Watkins M, Billington J, Balabanova E. Come together: The importance of arts and cultural engagement within the Liverpool City Region throughout the COVID-19 lockdown periods. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1011771. [PMID: 36710837 PMCID: PMC9880199 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1011771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Arts and cultural engagement activities have long been found to support wellbeing within the general population. In particular, community arts and cultural involvement during the COVID-19 pandemic have been an invaluable source of mental health and wellbeing support for many individuals across the globe. The initial move to remote engagement following the first United Kingdom lockdown demonstrated the importance of hybrid provisions, with isolated and vulnerable individuals finding online provisions important for wellbeing. With restrictions on movement and service access in the United Kingdom having gradually eased from March 2021, it is now important to explore how individuals navigated the ability to engage with either remote or in-person provisions. The current study aimed to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on arts and cultural engagement during periods of restrictions and initial easings on movement within the Liverpool City Region. Method The study consisted of two waves of qualitative interviews within a broader longitudinal study. Twelve interviews were conducted during wave 1, which aimed to capture data during the initial COVID-19 lockdown period and the initial easing of restrictions. Eight of these participants were interviewed again for wave 2, which aimed to capture data during the winter 2020 lockdown period. Results Framework analysis revealed three overarching themes: (1) The Importance of Arts and Culture for Personal Enrichment, (2) Belongingness through Socialization, and (3) Transitioning and Adjusting Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic. Discussion Findings presented in the current study provide further evidence of the value of arts and cultural activities in supporting wellbeing. Specifically, the current data emphasize the value of arts and cultural engagement throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and particularly during times of national restriction. Furthermore, the current study demonstrated that remote engagement provided important wellbeing support throughout the pandemic in a way that protected against mental health consequences, but with limitations on feelings of social connectedness within online environments. Amidst continuing risks from the COVID-19 virus and feelings of uncertainty, this study highlights the importance of hybrid provisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Chapple
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Antonina Anisimovich
- Department of English, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Antonina Anisimovich,
| | - Joanne Worsley
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Watkins
- National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Josie Billington
- Department of English, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Ekaterina Balabanova
- Department of Communication and Media, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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15
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Wang X, Jiang J, Hu Y, Qin LQ, Hao Y, Dong JY. Art Engagement and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence From the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Int J Public Health 2023; 68:1605556. [PMID: 36891222 PMCID: PMC9986253 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.1605556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To examine the prospective association between art engagement and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Methods: Adults aged ≥50 from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were asked about the frequency of art engagement, including going to the cinema, the art gallery or museum, and the theatre, a concert, or the opera. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the risk of type 2 diabetes associated with art engagement. Results: During a median follow-up of 12.2 years, we identified 350 cases of type 2 diabetes from 4,064 participants through interviews. After multivariable adjustment, compared with people who never went to the cinema, those going to the cinema frequently had a significantly lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44-0.86). After further adjustment for socioeconomic factors, the association was slightly attenuated but remained statistically significant (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.46-0.92). Similar results were found for going to the theatre, a concert, or the opera. Conclusion: Frequent art engagement may be associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, which was independent of individuals' socioeconomic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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16
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Courtet P. "Art is a guaranty of sanity," Louise Bourgeois' message for the COVID-19 pandemic! TRENDS IN PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2022; 44:e20210261. [PMID: 34102045 PMCID: PMC10039728 DOI: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, F-34000 Montpellier, France
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17
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Frequency of leisure activity engagement and health functioning over a 4-year period: a population-based study amongst middle-aged adults. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1275. [PMID: 35773655 PMCID: PMC9248182 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Leisure activities have wide-ranging benefits for physical and mental health. However, previous studies have often focused on “leisure” as a homogeneous group of activities. This study was therefore designed to take a prospective and comparative approach exploring different types of leisure activities, as well as investigating whether frequency of engagement is associated with strength of benefits. Method Data from the 1970 British Cohort Study Waves 9 (age 42) and 10 (age 46) were analysed (N = 5,639). Eight domains derived from the SF-36 health survey questionnaire were used to measure health functioning (general health, vitality, bodily pain, social functioning, physical functioning, mental health, role limitations due to emotional, and role limitations due to physical problems). Leisure activities included physical activity, culture engagement, arts participation, volunteering or community engagement, and literature activities. Both ordinary least squares and logistic regressions were applied. Results Physical activity was associated with greater levels of physical functioning, general health, and vitality at higher frequencies, while cultural engagement was associated with social functioning and physical functioning when engaged in several times a year. Arts participation and literature activities had a general negative association with health functioning. Engagements in volunteering/community groups showed varying associations with health functioning (both positive and negative) depending on the levels of engagements. Conclusion This research suggests that the types of leisure activities and levels of engagement can have differential associations with health amongst middle-aged adults. This may be helpful for public health initiatives and programmes such as social prescribing schemes when formulating programmes, especially regarding ‘dosage’ of engagement. Further, the overall benefits of high engagement frequency suggest that increasing leisure engagement could play an important role in supporting improving health and wellbeing at a population level. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13670-3.
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18
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Bild E, Pachana NA. Social prescribing: A narrative review of how community engagement can improve wellbeing in later life. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bild
- School of Psychology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Nancy A. Pachana
- School of Psychology The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
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19
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Redelmeier DA, Singh SM. Long-term mortality of academy award winning actors and actresses. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266563. [PMID: 35417469 PMCID: PMC9007384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social status gradients are powerful health determinants for individuals living in poverty. We tested whether winning an Academy award (Oscar) for acting was associated with long-term survival. Methods We conducted a longitudinal cohort analysis of all actors and actresses nominated for an Academy award in a leading or a supporting role. For each, a control was identified based on age, sex, and co-staring in the same film. Results Overall, 2,111 individuals were analyzed with 1,122 total deaths occurring during a median follow-up of 68.8 years. Comparisons of winners to controls yielded a 4.8% relative difference average life-span (95% confidence interval: 1.6 to 7.9, p = 0.004), a 5.1 year absolute increase in life expectancy (95% confidence interval: 3.0 to 7.2, p < 0.001), and a 41% improvement in mortality hazard (95% confidence interval: 19 to 68, p < 0.001). The increased survival tended to be greater in recent years, for individuals winning at a younger age, and among those with multiple wins. The increased survival replicated in secondary analyses comparing winners to nominees and was not observed in analyses comparing nominees to controls. Conclusions Academy award winning actors and actresses show a positive association between success and survival, suggesting the importance of behavioral, psychological, or other modifiable health factors unrelated to poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald A. Redelmeier
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Evaluative Clinical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences in Ontario, Toronto, Canada
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Leading Injury Prevention Practice Education & Research, Toronto, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Sheldon M. Singh
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Schulich Heart Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
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20
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Shimatani K, Komada MT, Sato J. Impact of the Changes in the Frequency of Social Participation on All-Cause Mortality in Japanese Older Adults: A Nationwide Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:270. [PMID: 35010529 PMCID: PMC8751209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that more frequent social participation was associated with a reduced risk of mortality. However, limited studies have explored the changes in the frequency of social participation in older adults. We investigated the impact of the changes in the frequency of social participation on all-cause mortality in Japanese older adults aged 60 years and older. The current study, conducted as a secondary analysis, was a retrospective cohort study using open available data. The participants were 2240 older adults (45.4% male and 54.6% female) sampled nationwide from Japan who responded to the interview survey. Changes in the frequency of social participation were categorized into four groups (none, initiated, decreased, and continued pattern) based on the responses in the baseline and last surveys. The Cox proportional-hazards model showed a decreased risk of all-cause mortality in decreased and continued patterns of social participation. Stratified analysis by sex showed a decreased risk of mortality in the continued pattern only among males. The results of the current study suggest that the initiation of social participation at an earlier phase of life transition, such as retirement, may be beneficial for individuals.
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21
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Fluharty M, Paul E, Bone J, Bu F, Sonke J, Fancourt D. Difference in predictors and barriers to arts and cultural engagement with age in the United States: A cross-sectional analysis using the Health and Retirement Study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261532. [PMID: 34928997 PMCID: PMC8687585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Arts and cultural engagement are associated with a range of mental and physical health benefits, including promoting heathy aging and lower incidence of age-related disabilities such as slower cognitive decline and slower progression of frailty. This suggests arts engagement constitutes health-promoting behaviour in older age. However, there are no large-scale studies examining how the predictors of arts engagement vary with age. METHODS Data from the Health and Retirement Study (2014) were used to identify sociodemographic, life satisfaction, social, and arts appreciation predictors of (1) frequency of arts engagement, (2) cultural attendance, (3) difficulty participating in the arts, and (4) being an interested non-attendee of cultural events. Logistic regression models were stratified by age groups [50-59, 60-69, ≥70] for the frequency of arts participation outcome and [50-69 vs ≥70] all other outcomes. RESULTS Findings indicated a number of age-related predictors of frequent arts engagement, including gender, educational attainment, wealth, dissatisfaction with aging, and instrumental activities of daily living (iADL). For cultural event attendance, lower interest in the arts predicted lack of engagement across age groups, whereas higher educational attainment and more frequent religious service attendance became predictors in older age groups (≥ 70). Adults in both age groups were less likely to report difficulties engaging in the arts if they had lower neighbourhood safety, whilst poor self-rated health and low arts appreciation also predicted reduced likelihood of this outcome, but only in the younger (50-69) age group. Adults in the older (≥ 70) age group were more likely to be interested non-attendees of cultural events if they had higher educational attainment and less likely if they lived in neighbourhoods with low levels of safety. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that certain factors become stronger predictors of arts and cultural engagement and barriers to engagement as people age. Further, there appear to be socioeconomic inequalities in engagement that may increase in older ages, with arts activities overall more accessible as individuals age compared to cultural engagement due to additional financial barriers and transportation barriers. Ensuring that these activities are accessible to people of all ages will allow older adults to benefit from the range of health outcomes gained from arts and cultural engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg Fluharty
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elise Paul
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Bone
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Feifei Bu
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Sonke
- Center for Arts in Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Mak HW, Coulter R, Fancourt D. Associations between neighbourhood deprivation and engagement in arts, culture and heritage: evidence from two nationally-representative samples. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1685. [PMID: 34530782 PMCID: PMC8444412 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has shown the benefits of arts and cultural engagement for physical, mental and social wellbeing. This engagement is socially and geographically patterned. Yet it remains unclear whether place-based attributes are associated with engagement behaviour independent of individual factors. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to robustly disentangle associations between geographical deprivation and arts engagement from the individual socio-demographic factors that tend to correlate with residential locations. METHODS Two different samples drawn from two representative surveys of adults living in England were compared - Understanding Society Wave 2 (2010/12) (N = 14,782) and Taking Part survey (2010/11) (N = 4575). Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to investigate the association between neighbourhood deprivation (20% most deprived vs 20% least deprived) and arts engagement (arts participation, cultural attendance and museums and heritage engagement). RESULTS Higher levels of neighbourhood deprivation were associated with lower arts, culture and heritage engagement independent of individuals' demographic backgrounds, socio-economic characteristics and regional locations. When exploring subcategories of deprivation, similar results were obtained across deprivation domains. Results were also consistent when using more distinct categories of deprivation (i.e. 10% most deprived vs 10% least deprived) and when comparing people living in the 20% most deprived neighbourhoods with those living in the 40% medium-deprived areas. CONCLUSION This study is the first to apply a robust PSM technique to examine the association between neighbourhood deprivation and arts engagement using two nationally-representative samples. Results show that neighbourhood deprivation may act as a barrier that could prevent people from engaging in the arts, which in turn may exacerbate social and health inequalities. This highlights the importance of place-based schemes that focus on increasing individual motivation and capacity to engage in arts and cultural activities, especially in areas of high deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Wan Mak
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK
| | - Rory Coulter
- Department of Geography, University College London, Pearson Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6 BT, UK
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK.
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23
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Wang X, Dong JY, Shirai K, Yamagishi K, Kokubo Y, Saito I, Yatsuya H, Iso H, Tsugane S, Sawada N. Having hobbies and the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence: A Japan public health center-based study. Atherosclerosis 2021; 335:1-7. [PMID: 34517285 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The role of hobbies as a protective factor against cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has gained increasing attention; however, no large-scale studies were performed to confirm this. We aimed to examine the association between having hobbies and the risk of total CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke in a large Japanese cohort. METHODS A total of 56,381 adults aged 45-74 years were divided into the non-hobby, having a hobby, and having many hobbies groups. We performed Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the hazard ratio (HRs) for incident CVD, CHD, and stroke after adjusting for potential confounding factors. RESULTS We identified 3685 incident CVDs (940 CHDs and 2839 strokes) during a median follow-up of 16.3 years. After multivariable adjustment, compared to the non-hobby group, participants having a hobby and many hobbies had a 10% (HR = 0.90 [0.83, 0.97]) and 20% (HR = 0.80 [0.69, 0.93]) lower risk of CVD incidence, respectively. The risk of CHD was lower in those with many hobbies, but the association between having many hobbies and CHD risk was not statistically significant. We also found a similar inverse association for stroke. Compared to the non-hobby group, participants having a hobby and many hobbies had a 13% (HR = 0.87 [0.80, 0.96]) and 20% (HR = 0.80 [0.68, 0.94]) lower risk of stroke. CONCLUSIONS Having hobbies was associated with a lower risk of CVD. Engagement in hobbies may emerge as an important target for healthy lifestyle promotion for the primary prevention of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Yi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, And Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kokubo
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, And Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan
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Mak HW, Coulter R, Fancourt D. Associations between community cultural engagement and life satisfaction, mental distress and mental health functioning using data from the UK Household Longitudinal Study (UKHLS): are associations moderated by area deprivation? BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045512. [PMID: 34479929 PMCID: PMC8420711 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between community cultural engagement and mental health and well-being is well established. However, little is known about whether such associations are influenced by area characteristics. This study therefore examined whether the association between engagement in community cultural assets (attendance at cultural events, visiting museums and heritage sites) and subsequent well-being (life satisfaction, mental distress and mental health functioning) is moderated by neighbourhood deprivation. DESIGN Data were drawn from Understanding Society: The UK Household Longitudinal Study waves 2 and 5. Participating households' addresses were geocoded into statistical neighbourhood zones categorised according to their level of area deprivation. SETTING General population. PARTICIPANTS UK general adult population, with a total sample of 14 783. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Life satisfaction was measured with a seven-point scale (1: completely unsatisfied to 7: completely satisfied). Mental distress was measured using the General Health Questionnaire 12. Mental health functioning was measured using 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12). RESULTS Using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, we found that engagement in cultural assets was consistently and positively associated with subsequent life satisfaction and mental health functioning and negatively associated with mental distress. Importantly, such associations were independent of individuals' demographic background, socioeconomic characteristics and regional location. The results also show that relationships between engagement in community cultural assets and well-being were stronger in more deprived areas. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that engagement in community cultural assets is associated with better well-being, with some evidence that individuals in areas of high deprivation potentially may benefit more from these engagements. Given that causal mechanisms were not tested, causal claims cannot be generated from the results. However, the results suggest that place-based funding schemes that involve investment in areas of higher deprivation to improve engagement rates should be explored further to see if they can help promote better well-being among residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei Wan Mak
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rory Coulter
- Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
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Horikawa C, Otsuka R, Nishita Y, Tange C, Kato Y, Tanaka T, Rogi T, Shibata H, Ando F, Shimokata H. Interaction between cognitive leisure activity and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid intake on global cognitive decline in a Japanese longitudinal cohort study: National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:443. [PMID: 34315440 PMCID: PMC8314584 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02359-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a growing interest in the significance of adopting a variety of lifestyle habits for maintaining cognitive function among older adults. A lifestyle that is easy to modify, simple, and less burdensome for older people is ideal. We investigated the longitudinal association between global cognitive decline and cognitive leisure activities (CLAs) combined with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) intake. Methods The National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) enrolled community-dwelling middle-aged and older men and women who were randomly selected from Obu-City and Higashiura Town, Aichi, Japan. Baseline data (2006–2008), including CLAs and dietary intake, were obtained from 517 participants (aged 60–84 years) with normal cognition. Global cognitive decline, defined as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≤ 27, was assessed at baseline and four years later. Interaction between CLAs and LCPUFAs on cognitive decline was investigated using a multiple logistic analysis with adjustment for confounders. CLA engagement and LCPUFA intake were divided into high and low groups according to the frequency at which each participant engaged in the activity and the median intake level according to sex, respectively. Results A significant interaction was detected for the combination of CLA engagement and LCPUFA intake. Logistic regression coefficients revealed significant interactions when participants engaged in more than five CLA varieties. One of the CLAs, art appreciation, produced a significant main effect against cognitive decline and a significant interaction in combination with LCPUFA intake. The major LCPUFAs—docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid—also exhibited a significant interaction. The combination of high LCPUFA intake and high art appreciation frequency yielded a lower adjusted odds ratio for cognitive decline than the combination of low LCPUFA and low art appreciation [0.25 (95 % confidence intervals, 0.11–0.56)]. Conclusions Preserving cognitive function might be associated with a combination of varied and high-frequency engagement in CLAs combined with high LCPUFA intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Horikawa
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu-City, Aichi, Japan.,Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku- gun, 619-0284, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rei Otsuka
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu-City, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Nishita
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu-City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chikako Tange
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu-City, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kato
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu-City, Aichi, Japan.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, 2-9 Katahira, 480-1197, Nagakute- city, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Tanaka
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku- gun, 619-0284, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Rogi
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku- gun, 619-0284, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku- gun, 619-0284, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fujiko Ando
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu-City, Aichi, Japan.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, 2-9 Katahira, 480-1197, Nagakute- city, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimokata
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, 474-8511, Obu-City, Aichi, Japan.,Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, 57 Takenoyama, Iwasaki-cho, 470-0196, Nisshin-city, Aichi, Japan
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Story KM, Yang Z, Bravata DM. Active and receptive arts participation and their association with mortality among adults in the United States: a longitudinal cohort study. Public Health 2021; 196:211-216. [PMID: 34274695 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to explore associations between active and receptive arts participation and all-cause mortality among adults in the United States population. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study. METHODS Data were derived from the Health and Retirement Study. Separate Cox proportional hazards models were constructed for two cohorts (2012 and 2014) to examine associations between arts participation and mortality. RESULTS Independent of sociodemographic and health factors, participants aged ≥65 years had a higher mortality risk if they did not engage in music listening, hazard ratio (HR) 1.39 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-1.71); singing/playing an instrument, HR 1.49 (95% CI: 1.07-2.0); or doing arts and crafts, HR 1.39 (95% CI: 1.00-1.92). For participants aged <65 years, there was a higher mortality risk if they did not listen to music, HR 1.79 (95% CI: 1.07-3.01). Older participants from the 2014 cohort had a higher mortality risk if they did not engage in active arts, HR 1.73 (95% CI: 1.08-2.77). CONCLUSIONS Engagement in the arts was associated with lower risk of mortality even after risk adjustment, especially for adults aged ≥65 years. Greater access and integration of arts in everyday life is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Story
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Ziyi Yang
- Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Precision Monitoring to Transform Care (PRISM) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI), Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dawn M Bravata
- VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication (CHIC), Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Precision Monitoring to Transform Care (PRISM) Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI), Indianapolis, IN, USA; Medicine Service, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Petrovsky DV, Wu B, Hodgson NA, Dong X. Art Attendance and Change in Cognitive Function Among U.S. Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults. J Appl Gerontol 2021; 41:1047-1056. [PMID: 34047198 DOI: 10.1177/07334648211017339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Engaging in leisure activities that are cognitively simulating and enjoyable may be protective against cognitive decline in older adults; yet, few studies have examined this topic. We used two waves of data from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly and ran mixed-effects regression models to examine the relationship between baseline art activity attendance (including attending museum, musical arts, or both) and change in cognitive function (global, episodic memory, working memory, and executive function) among 2,703 older U.S. Chinese adults. We found that compared with older adults who did not attend any art activities, those who reported attending both art activities experienced a slower rate of change in episodic memory (estimate = -0.07; SE = 0.03; p = .01) and executive function (estimate = -0.06; SE = .03; p = .04). Our study findings point to the importance of attending art-based culture events among U.S. Chinese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bei Wu
- NYU Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York City, USA
| | - Nancy A Hodgson
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, USA
| | - XinQi Dong
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Song C, Zhang R, Wang C, Fu R, Song W, Dou K, Wang S. Sleep quality and risk of cancer: findings from the English longitudinal study of aging. Sleep 2021; 44:5909274. [PMID: 32954418 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To prospectively examine the association between sleep quality and incident cancer risk in the elderly. METHODS A total of 10,036 participants aged ≥50 years free of cancer at baseline from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing at wave 4 (2008) were included, and followed up until 2016. The primary endpoint was new onset physician-diagnosed cancer. Sleep quality was assessed by four questions regarding the frequency of sleep problems and overall subjective feeling of sleep quality in the last month, with higher score denoting poorer sleep quality. The multivariable Cox regression model was used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident cancer risk according to sleep quality. RESULTS At 8-year follow-up, a total of 745 (7.4%) participants developed cancer. Compared with good sleep quality at baseline, HR (95% CI) for incident cancer risk was 1.328 (1.061, 1.662) for intermediate quality, 1.586 (1.149, 2.189) for poor quality. Similarly, compared with maintaining good sleep quality in the first 4 years, HR (95% CI) for incident cancer risk was 1.615 (1.208, 2.160) for maintaining intermediate quality and 1.608 (1.043, 2.480) for maintaining poor quality. The exclusion of participants with family history of cancer or abnormal sleep duration yielded consistent results. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality is positively associated with the long-term risk of developing cancer in an elderly cohort. Both medical staffs and the general public should pay more attention to improving sleep hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Song
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Song
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kefei Dou
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Løkken BI, Merom D, Sund ER, Krokstad S, Rangul V. Association of engagement in cultural activities with cause-specific mortality determined through an eight-year follow up: The HUNT Study, Norway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248332. [PMID: 33705441 PMCID: PMC7951895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Participation in cultural activities may protect against cause-specific mortality; however, there is limited knowledge regarding this association. The present study examines the association between participation in a range of receptive and creative cultural activities and risk of cardiovascular disease- and cancer-related mortality. We also examined whether participation in such activities and influence by gender have on this association. We followed 35,902 participants of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT3) of Cardiovascular-Disease and Cancer Mortality from 2006-08 to 2016. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to estimate the risk of specific mortality based on baseline cultural participation. During the eight-year follow-up, there were 563 cardiovascular-disease- and 752 cancer-related deaths among the sample (292,416 person years). Risk of cardiovascular-disease mortality was higher among non-participants in associations/club meetings (22%) and outdoor activities (23%), respectively, as well as non-attendees of art exhibitions (28%). People who engaged in music, singing, and theatre had a 27% reduced risk of cancer-related mortality when compared to non-participants. Among women, participating in associations/club meetings reduced the risk of cardiovascular-disease mortality by 36%. Men who participated in music, singing, and theatre had a 33% reduced risk of cancer mortality. Overall, a reduced risk of cardiovascular-disease mortality was associated with engaging in creative activities on weekly basis to less than twice per week. For both genders, participating in creative activities less than once a week reduced cardiovascular-disease mortality risk by 40% and 33%, respectively. For the overall sample, participating > 2 times per week in combined receptive and creative activities reduced cancer-related mortality by 29%. Participating frequently in both receptive and creative activities cultural activities was associated with lower risks of CVD and cancer-related mortality. Our data suggest that, to counteract the public health burden of cardiovascular disease- and cancer mortality, policies and initiatives to increase citizens' participation in cultural activities should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dafna Merom
- School of Health Science, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Erik R. Sund
- Nord University, Levanger, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelags Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Steinar Krokstad
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelags Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
- Norwegian Resource Centre for Arts and Health, Levanger, Norway
| | - Vegar Rangul
- Nord University, Levanger, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Levanger, Norway
- Norwegian Resource Centre for Arts and Health, Levanger, Norway
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Lin R, Yan YJ, Zhou Y, Luo YT, Cai ZZ, Zhu KY, Li H. Effects of Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) programme on older adults with mild cognitive impairment: protocol for a randomised, controlled three-arm trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036915. [PMID: 33177133 PMCID: PMC7661382 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early non-pharmacological interventions can prevent cognitive decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Creative expression (CrExp) can potentially mitigate cognitive decline and enhance the physical and mental health of older people. However, it is unclear whether activities involving CrExp can improve cognitive function and other health-related outcomes in older adults with MCI. The aim of the present study is to develop a Creative Expressive Arts-based Storytelling (CrEAS) programme that integrates verbal and non-verbal expressive activities and evaluate its effectiveness in improving cognitive function and other outcome indicators so as to explore its possible mechanism from the perspective of neuroimaging. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This parallel randomised controlled trial with three arms (one intervention and two control arms) will be conducted over a 24-week period. A total of 111 participants will be enrolled and randomised to the CrEAS, recreation and usual activity groups. The CrEAS programme combines visual arts therapy and storytelling (TimeSlips) under the Expressive Therapy Continuum theoretical framework and provides an opportunity for people with MCI to actively engage in activities to improve cognitive function through verbal and nonverbal CrExp. Global cognitive function, specific domains of cognition (memory, executive function, language and attention) and other health-related outcomes (anxiety, depression and quality of life) will be measured at baseline, at the end of the intervention, and at the 24-week follow-up. Structural/functional brain MRI data will be collected at baseline and immediately after the intervention. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Fujian Provincial Hospital (K2018-03-061). The study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and at academic conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR1900021526.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Lin
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yuan-Jiao Yan
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yu-Ting Luo
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Cai
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kai-Yan Zhu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Li
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Nursing, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Brondfield S, Bochatay N, Perlis C. Developing a Community for Patients With Cancer Through Longer-Term Art Therapy. JCO Oncol Pract 2020; 17:e506-e516. [PMID: 33052801 DOI: 10.1200/op.20.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Art therapy (AT) improves quality of life and symptoms in patients with cancer. However, previous studies that have demonstrated these effects focused on time-limited interventions. The benefits of longer-term AT interventions for patients with cancer remain unexplored. We aimed to delineate the benefits of one such intervention for patients with cancer. METHODS The Art for Recovery open art studio (OAS) is a weekly experience that provides patients the opportunity to express themselves through art and discussion. In April 2019, we sent a cross-sectional survey with closed- and open-ended components to all patients attending the OAS. We analyzed the closed-ended results using descriptive statistics and the open-ended results using directed content analysis through the theoretical framework of community-based development (CBD). RESULTS The response rate was 82% (18 of 22 patients). The median duration of OAS attendance was 2 years, and the median frequency of attendance was three times per month. All respondents found the OAS very helpful, and 17 (94%) of 18 believed that the friendships they had made were very valuable. Directed content analysis revealed three themes: togetherness, active engagement, and familiar surroundings. These themes and our closed-ended results aligned well with the CBD framework. CONCLUSION Longer-term AT experiences may provide benefits, such as community development, that briefer interventions lack. Medical centers should consider providing longer-term AT experiences for patients with cancer to give them access to these benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Brondfield
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Naike Bochatay
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Cynthia Perlis
- Art for Recovery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Philip KEJ, Lewis A, Williams S, Buttery SC, Polkey MI, Man W, Fancourt D, Hopkinson NS. Dance for people with chronic respiratory disease: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038719. [PMID: 33051234 PMCID: PMC7554453 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the experiences and perceived impact on health and well-being related to participation in a dance group for people with chronic respiratory disease (CRD). DESIGN An exploratory qualitative study using thematic analysis of semistructured interviews. SETTING A community dance group in a UK health centre. PARTICIPANTS Convenience sample of long-term dance group participants. INTERVENTION Weekly community dance sessions designed for people with breathlessness, lasting 75 min, led by a trained community dance leader. RESULTS Convenience sample of eight participants, six females, aged 57-87 years (mean 75), with a median 2-year attendance at weekly dance sessions. Long-term attendance was driven by strongly held beliefs regarding the health and well-being benefits of participation. Four key themes were identified: dance as (1) a holistically beneficial activity, with physical and psychosocial health benefits including improved or maintained physical fitness and psychological well-being, and reduced need for healthcare; (2) an integral part of their life; (3) an enjoyable activity; and (4) a source of deep social cohesion. CONCLUSIONS Dance group participants perceived a broad range of health benefits of relevance to the biopsychosocial impacts of their respiratory disease. The themes identified are useful in the ongoing planning and evaluation of dance as a holistic complex intervention for people with CRD. Further research is required to assess the extent of health impacts identified, and how dance might be most effectively placed as an option in the management of CRD. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04006015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keir Elmslie James Philip
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Adam Lewis
- Department of Health Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - Sian Williams
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Michael I Polkey
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - William Man
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Daisy Fancourt
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, London, UK
| | - Nicholas S Hopkinson
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Groussard M, Coppalle R, Hinault T, Platel H. Do Musicians Have Better Mnemonic and Executive Performance Than Actors? Influence of Regular Musical or Theater Practice in Adults and in the Elderly. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:557642. [PMID: 33100995 PMCID: PMC7522322 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.557642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of musical practice on cognition are well established yet rarely compared with other kinds of artistic training or expertise. This study aims to compare the possible effect of musical and theater regular practice on cognition across the lifespan. Both of these artistic activities require many hours of individual or collective training in order to reach an advanced level. This process requires the interaction between higher-order cognitive functions and several sensory modalities (auditory, verbal, visual and motor), as well as regular learning of new pieces. This study included participants with musical or theater practice, and healthy controls matched for age (18–84 years old) and education. The objective was to determine whether specific practice in these activities had an effect on cognition across the lifespan, and a protective influence against undesirable cognitive outcomes associated with aging. All participants underwent a battery of cognitive tasks that evaluated processing speed, executive function, fluency, working memory, verbal and visual long-term memories, and non-verbal reasoning abilities. Results showed that music and theater artistic practices were strongly associated with cognitive enhancements. Participants with musical practice were better in executive functioning, working memory and non-verbal reasoning, whereas participants with regular acting practice had better long-term verbal memory and fluency performance. Thus, taken together, results suggest a differential effect of these artistic practices on cognition across the lifespan. Advanced age did not seem to reduce the benefit, so future studies should focus on the hypothetical protective effects of artistic practice against cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Groussard
- UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Université, Caen, France
| | - Renaud Coppalle
- UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Université, Caen, France
| | - Thomas Hinault
- UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Université, Caen, France
| | - Hervé Platel
- UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Université, Caen, France
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Wright L. Arts engagement, mortality and dementia: what can the data say? J Epidemiol Community Health 2020; 74:764. [PMID: 32535551 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2020-214227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Wright
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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Qualitative Assessment of Arts-Integrated Education for Physician Assistant Students. J Physician Assist Educ 2020; 31:98-102. [PMID: 32443083 DOI: 10.1097/jpa.0000000000000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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An outcome-wide analysis of bidirectional associations between changes in meaningfulness of life and health, emotional, behavioural, and social factors. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6463. [PMID: 32296106 PMCID: PMC7160137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63600-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The sense that one is living a meaningful life is associated with positive health outcomes, but less is known about the role of changes in sense of meaning. This outcome-wide analysis investigated bidirectional associations between changes in ratings of doing worthwhile things in life and 32 factors in 6 domains of human function in 5,694 men and women (M = 66.65 years) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Participants rated the extent they felt that the things they did in life were worthwhile in 2012 and 2014. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, education and social class, and were weighted for non-response. We found that health (e.g. few chronic diseases, no chronic pain), emotional wellbeing (e.g. few depressive symptoms, good sleep), greater physical activity, social factors (e.g. close relationships, friends, organizational membership, volunteering, cultural engagement), and economic factors (wealth, income), at baseline were associated with 2 year increases in worthwhile ratings. Conversely, increases in worthwhile ratings over 2 years were related to more favourable health, emotional, behavioural, and social changes between 2012 and 2016 independently of baseline levels. These bidirectional relationships highlight the importance of maintaining worthwhile activities at older ages.
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Gill N, Ellis V, Clift S. Cultural activities linked to lower mortality. BMJ 2019; 367:l6774. [PMID: 31852662 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l6774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Gill
- York GP Training Scheme, Health Education England Yorkshire and the Humber, Hull HU10 6DT, UK
| | - Vivien Ellis
- Sidney De Haan Research Centre for Arts and Health, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
| | - Stephen Clift
- Sidney De Haan Research Centre for Arts and Health, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
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