1
|
Liu Q, Liao L. Identification of macrophage-related molecular subgroups and risk signature in colorectal cancer based on a bioinformatics analysis. Autoimmunity 2024; 57:2321908. [PMID: 38466182 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2024.2321908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in tumor initiation and progression, while macrophage-associated gene signature in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients has not been investigated. Our study aimed to identify macrophage-related molecular subgroups and develop a macrophage-related risk model to predict CRC prognosis. The mRNA expression profile and clinical information of CRC patients were obtained from TCGA and GEO databases. CRC patients from TCGA were divided into high and low macrophage subgroups based on the median macrophage score. The ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms were used to assess immune cell infiltration between subgroups. GSVA and GSEA analyses were performed to investigate differences in enriched pathways between subgroups. Univariate and LASSO Cox regression were used to build a prognostic risk model, which was further validated in the GSE39582 dataset. A high macrophage score subgroup was associated with poor prognosis, highly activated immune-related pathways and an immune-active microenvironment. A total of 547 differentially expressed macrophage-related genes (DEMRGs) were identified, among which seven genes (including RIMKLB, UST, PCOLCE2, ZNF829, TMEM59L, CILP2, DTNA) were identified by COX regression analyses and used to build a risk score model. The risk model shows good predictive and diagnostic values for CRC patients in both TCGA and GSE39852 datasets. Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the risk score was an independent risk factor for overall survival in CRC patients. Our findings provided a novel insight into macrophage heterogeneity and its immunological role in CRC. This risk score model may serve as an effective prognostic tool and contribute to personalised clinical management of CRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Heyuan People's Hospital, Heyuan, China
| | - Li Liao
- Department of preventive health care, Heyuan People's Hospital, Heyuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Zhang C, Peng C, Jia J. Unraveling the crosstalk: circRNAs and the wnt signaling pathway in cancers of the digestive system. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:853-864. [PMID: 38586314 PMCID: PMC10995981 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a unique type of noncoding RNA molecule characterized by its closed-loop structure. Functionally versatile, circRNAs play pivotal roles in gene expression regulation, protein activity modulation, and participation in cell signaling processes. In the context of cancers of the digestive system, the Wnt signaling pathway holds particular significance. Anomalous activation of the Wnt pathway serves as a primary catalyst for the development of colorectal cancer. Extensive research underscores the notable participation of circRNAs associated with the Wnt pathway in the progression of digestive system tumors. These circRNAs exhibit pronounced dysregulation across esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma. Furthermore, the altered expression of circRNAs linked to the Wnt pathway correlates with prognostic factors in digestive system tumors. Additionally, circRNAs related to the Wnt pathway showcase potential as diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic markers within the realm of digestive system tumors. This comprehensive review outlines the interplay between circRNAs and the Wnt signaling pathway in cancers of the digestive system. It seeks to provide a comprehensive perspective on their association while delving into ongoing research that explores the clinical applications of circRNAs associated with the Wnt pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanhui Peng
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjun Jia
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu J, Cui X, Wang L, Chen G, Ji S, Zhao S, Wang H, Luo Z, Zeng A, Fu Q. DNA-functionalized MOF fluorescent probes for the enzyme-free and pretreatment-free detection of MicroRNA in serum. Talanta 2024; 275:126083. [PMID: 38636442 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a promising biomarker that plays an important role in various biomedical applications, especially in cancer diagnosis. However, the current miRNA detection technology has inherent limitations such as complex operation, expensive testing cost and excessive detection time. In this study, a dual signal amplification biosensor based on DNA-functionalized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) fluorescent probes, MFPBiosensor, was established for the enzyme-free and pretreatment-free detection of the colon cancer (CC) marker miR-23a. DNA-functionalized MOFs NH2-MIL-53(Al) (DNA@MOFs) were synthesized as fluorescent probes with specific recognition functions. A single DNA@MOF carries a large number of fluorescent ligands 2-aminoterephthalic acid (NH2-H2BDC), which can generate strong fluorescence signals after alkaline hydrolysis. Combined with catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA), an efficient isothermal amplification technique, the dual signal enhancement strategy reduced matrix interference and sensitized the signal response. The established MFPBiosensor successfully detected extremely low levels of miRNA in complex biological samples with acceptable sensitivity and specificity. With a single detection cost of $0.583 and a test time of 50 min, the excellent inexpensive and rapid advantage of the MFPBiosensor is highlighted. More importantly, the subtle design enables the MFPBiosensor to achieve convenient batch detection, where miRNA in serum can be directly detected without any pretreatment process or enzyme. In conclusion, MFPBiosensor is a promising biosensor with substantial potential for commercial miRNA detection and clinical diagnostic applications of CC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xia Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, China
| | - Guoning Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protection, Development and Utilization of Medicinal Resources in Liupanshan Area, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Shuhua Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shiwei Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Zhimin Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Aiguo Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Seo KJ, Yoon JH, Chung BY, Lee HK, Park WS, Chae HS. Effects of photobiomodulation on colon cancer cell line HT29 according to mitochondria. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 257:112966. [PMID: 38970968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Although photobiomodulation therapy (PBMt) is available to alleviate post-operative side effects of malignant diseases, its application is still controversial due to some potential of cancer recurrence and occurrence of a secondary malignancy. We investigated effect of PBMt on mitochondrial function in HT29 colon cancer cells. METHODS HT29 cell proliferation was determined with MTT assay after PBMt. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to determine mitochondrial biogenesis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured with Mitotracker. Western blotting was executed to determine expression of fission, fusion, UCP2, and cyclin B1 and D1 proteins. In vivo study was performed by subcutaneously inoculating cancer cells into nude mice and immunohistochemistry was done to determine expression of FIS1, MFN2, UCP2, and p-AKT. RESULTS The proliferation and migration of HT29 cells reached maximum with PBMt (670 nm, light emitting diode, LED) at 2.0 J/cm2 compared to control (P < 0.05) with more expression of cyclin B1 and cyclin D1 (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescent staining showed that ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential were enhanced after PBMt compared to control. ATP synthesis of mitochondria was also higher in the PBMt group than in the control (P < 0.05). Expression levels of fission and fusion proteins were significantly increased in the PBMt group than in the control (P < 0.05). Electron microscopy revealed that the percentage of mitochondria showing fission was not significantly different between the two groups. Oncometabolites including D-2-hydoxyglutamate in the supernatant of cell culture were higher in the PBMt group than in the control with increased UCP2 expression (P < 0.05). Both tumor size and weight of xenograft in nude mice model were bigger and heavier in the PBMt group than in the control (P < 0.05). Immunohistologically, mitochondrial biogenesis proteins UCP2 and p-AKT in xenograft of nude mice were expressed more in the PBMt group than in the control (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with PBM using red light LED may induce proliferation and progression of HT29 cancer cells by increasing mitochondrial activity and fission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jin Seo
- Department of Pathology, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Yoon
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bom Yee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sang Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hiun Suk Chae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tang C, He F, Yang F, Chen D, Xiong J, Zou Y, Qian K. Development and validation of a nomogram for preoperatively predicting permanent stoma after rectal cancer surgery with ileostomy: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:874. [PMID: 39039481 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For patients with rectal cancer, the utilization of temporary ileostomy (TI) has proven effective in minimizing the occurrence of severe complications post-surgery, such as anastomotic leaks; however, some patients are unable to reverse in time or even develop a permanent stoma (PS). We aimed to determine the preoperative predictors associated with TS failure and develop and validate appropriate predictive models to improve patients' quality of life. METHODS This research included 403 patients with rectal cancer who underwent temporary ileostomies between January 2017 and December 2021. All patients were randomly divided into either the developmental (70%) or validation (30%) group. The independent risk factors for PS were determined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Subsequently, a nomogram was constructed, and the prediction probability was estimated by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. A calibration plot was used to evaluate the nomogram calibration. RESULTS Of the 403 enrolled patients, 282 were randomized into the developmental group, 121 into the validation group, and 58 (14.39%) had a PS. The development group consisted of 282 patients, of whom 39 (13.81%) had a PS. The validation group consisted of 121 patients, of whom, 19 (15.70%) had a PS; 37 related factors were analyzed in the study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between the occurrence of PS and various factors in this patient cohort, including tumor location (OR = 6.631, P = 0.005), tumor markers (OR = 2.309, P = 0.035), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score (OR = 4.784, P = 0.004), T4 stage (OR = 2.880, P = 0.036), lymph node metastasis (OR = 4.566, P = 0.001), and distant metastasis (OR = 4.478, P = 0.036). Furthermore, a preoperative nomogram was constructed based on these data and subsequently validated in an independent validation group. CONCLUSION We identified six independent preoperative risk factors associated with PS following rectal cancer resection and developed a validated nomogram with an area under the ROC curve of 0.7758, which can assist surgeons in formulating better surgical options, such as colostomy, for patients at high risk of PS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Fuyu Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Defei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Junjie Xiong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eng C, Yoshino T, Ruíz-García E, Mostafa N, Cann CG, O'Brian B, Benny A, Perez RO, Cremolini C. Colorectal cancer. Lancet 2024; 404:294-310. [PMID: 38909621 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(24)00360-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite decreased incidence rates in average-age onset patients in high-income economies, colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer in the world, with increasing rates in emerging economies. Furthermore, early onset colorectal cancer (age ≤50 years) is of increasing concern globally. Over the past decade, research advances have increased biological knowledge, treatment options, and overall survival rates. The increase in life expectancy is attributed to an increase in effective systemic therapy, improved treatment selection, and expanded locoregional surgical options. Ongoing developments are focused on the role of sphincter preservation, precision oncology for molecular alterations, use of circulating tumour DNA, analysis of the gut microbiome, as well as the role of locoregional strategies for colorectal cancer liver metastases. This overview is to provide a general multidisciplinary perspective of clinical advances in colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathy Eng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Takayuki Yoshino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumors and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Christopher G Cann
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brittany O'Brian
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Amala Benny
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Chiara Cremolini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Eskandari-Malayeri F, Rezeai M, Narimani T, Esmaeil N, Azizi M. Investigating the effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum on the aggressive behavior of cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:292. [PMID: 39030445 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum, (F. nucleatum) as a known factor in inducing oncogenic, invasive, and inflammatory responses, can lead to an increase in the incidence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are also one of the key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which lead to resistance to treatment, metastasis, and disease recurrence with their markers, secretions, and functions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of F. nucleatum on the invasive phenotype and function of fibroblast cells isolated from normal and cancerous colorectal tissue. F. nucleatum bacteria were isolated from deep periodontal pockets and confirmed by various tests. CAF cells from tumor tissue and normal fibroblasts (NF) from a distance of 10 cm of tumor tissue were isolated from 5 patients by the explant method and were exposed to secretions and ghosts of F. nucleatum. The expression level of two markers, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and the amount of production of two cytokines TGF-β and IL-6 from fibroblast cells were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA test, respectively before and after exposure to different bacterial components. The expression of the FAP marker was significantly higher in CAF cells compared to NF cells (P < 0.05). Also, the expression of IL-6 in CAF cells was higher than that of NF cells. In investigating the effect of bacterial components on the function of fibroblastic cells, after comparing the amount of IL-6 produced between the normal tissue of each patient and his tumoral tissue under 4 treated conditions, it was found that the amount of IL-6 production from the CAF cells of patients in the control group, treated with heat-killed ghosts and treated with paraformaldehyde-fixed ghosts had a significant increase compared to NF cells (P < 0.05). Due to the significant increase in FAP marker expression in fibroblast cells of tumor tissue compared to normal tissue, it seems that FAP can be used as a very good therapeutic marker, especially in patients with high levels of CAF cells. Various components of F. nucleatum could affect fibroblast cells differentially and at least part of the effect of this bacterium in the TME is mediated by CAF cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marzieh Rezeai
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Tahmineh Narimani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Esmaeil
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Azizi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fu Q, Li L, Zhuoma N, Ma R, Zhao Z, Quzuo Z, Wang Z, Yangzong D, Di J. Causality between six psychiatric disorders and digestive tract cancers risk: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16689. [PMID: 39030227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66535-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Associations between psychiatric disorders and digestive tract cancers have been proposed. However, the causal link between these factors remains unclear. This study pioneers Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the genetic link between psychiatric disorders and digestive tract cancers risk. We analysed data on six psychiatric disorders [schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and panic disorder (PD)] and digestive tract cancers [esophagus cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), and colorectal cancer (CRC)] from genome-wide association studies databases. Using instrumental variables identified from significant single nucleotide polymorphism associations, we employed the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method alongside the weighted median (WM) method and MR-Egger regression. The results revealed no causal link between psychiatric disorders and the risk of EC or GC. Psychiatric disorders were not identified as risk factors for CRC. Notably, PD demonstrated a lower CRC risk (OR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.66-0.93, P = 0.01). This MR analysis underscores the lack of a causal association between psychiatric disorders and digestive tract cancers risk while suggesting a potential protective effect of PD against CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fu
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital (The Clinical Medical School), Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, Qinghai, China
| | - Linghui Li
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, 810000, Qinghai, China
| | - Niyang Zhuoma
- Yushu City People's Hospital, Yushu, 815099, Qinghai, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital (The Clinical Medical School), Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhixi Zhao
- Yushu City People's Hospital, Yushu, 815099, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhaxi Quzuo
- Yushu City People's Hospital, Yushu, 815099, Qinghai, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Yushu City People's Hospital, Yushu, 815099, Qinghai, China
| | - Deji Yangzong
- Yushu City People's Hospital, Yushu, 815099, Qinghai, China
| | - Ji Di
- Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital (The Clinical Medical School), Qinghai University, Xining, 810000, Qinghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang CX, Liu F, Wang Y. RBM5 suppresses proliferation, metastasis and glycolysis of colorectal cancer cells via stabilizing phosphatase and tensin homolog mRNA. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:3241-3255. [DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i7.3241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA binding motif 5 (RBM5) has emerged as crucial regulators in many cancers.
AIM To explore more functional and mechanistic exploration of RBM5 since the lack of research on RBM5 in colorectal cancer (CRC) dictates that is essential.
METHODS Through Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, we analyzed RBM5 expression in colon adenocarcinoma and rectum adenocarcinoma tissues. For detecting the mRNA expression of RBM5, quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction was performed. Protein expression levels of RBM5, hexokinase 2, lactate dehydrogenase A, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated-protein kinase B (p-AKT), and AKT were determined via Western blot. Functionally, cell counting kit-8 and 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine (EDU) assay were performed to evaluate proliferation of CRC cells. Invasiveness and migration of CRC cells were evaluated through conducting transwell assays. Glucose consumption, lactate production and adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) production were measured through a glucose assay kit, a lactate assay kit and an ATP production assay kit, respectively. Besides, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, half-life RT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay were applied to detect interaction between RBM5 and PTEN. To establish a xenotypic tumor mice, CRC cells were subcutaneously injected into the right flank of each mouse. Protein expression of RBM5, Ki67, and PTEN in tumor tissues was examined using immunohistochemistry staining. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate tumor liver metastasis in mice.
RESULTS We discovered down-regulation of RBM5 expression in CRC tissues and cells. RBM5 overexpression repressed proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Meantime, RBM5 impaired glycolysis in CRC cells, presenting as decreased glucose consumption, decreased lactate production and decreased ATP production. Besides, RBM5 bound to PTEN mRNA to stabilize its expression. PTEN expression was positively regulated by RBM5 in CRC cells. The protein levels of PI3K and p-AKT were significantly decreased after RBM5 overexpression. The suppressive influences of RBM5 on glycolysis, proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells were partially counteracted by PTEN knockdown. RBM5 suppressed tumor growth and liver metastasis in vivo.
CONCLUSION This investigation provided new evidence that RBM5 was involved in CRC by binding to PTEN, expanding the importance of RBM5 in the treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Xiang Wang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Scientific Research, Beijing Fresta Technologies Co, Ltd., Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gan L, Yang C, Zhao L, Wang S, Ye Y, Gao Z. The expression of ERAP1 is favorable for the prognosis and immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: a study based on the bioinformatic and immunohistochemical analysis. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03520-6. [PMID: 39009862 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) is an emerging pharmacological target in cancer immunotherapy. This study was set out to examine the expression profiles and implications for prognosis and immunotherapy of ERAP1 in CRC. METHODS Based on bioinformatics and immunohistochemical analysis, we analyzed ERAP1 for potential diagnostic and prognostic significance in CRC. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to detect the pathways associated with ERAP1, thus determining possible mechanisms. ESTIMATE, TIMER, and CIBESORT probed the links between ERAP1 and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Lastly, we examined how ERAP1 expression correlated with the sensitivity to immunotherapy. RESULTS Tumor tissues had decreased levels of ERAP1 expression relative to normal tissues. Patients whose ERAP1 expression was low suffered a worse chance of survival. Besides, it was shown that ERAP1 expression was associated with the advanced M stage and pathologic stage. Survival analysis revealed that low ERAP1 expression, age, pathologic stage, T stage, and M stage were independent indicators for unfavorable CRC patients' prognoses. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS calibration curves all fit well with the ideal model, suggesting that the age-ERAP1-T-stage-M-stage nomogram is a reliable predictor of OS. Additionally, we discovered that ERAP1 expression was associated with immune response and infiltration of various immune cells, such as down-regulated inhibitory immune cells and up-regulated stimulating immune cells. Sensitivity to PD-1 and CTLA4 inhibitors was associated with high ERAP1 levels. CONCLUSIONS In summary, ERAP1 has potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biological marker, highlighting new insights into the study of CRC and the design of effective therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gan
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjiang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjiang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Gao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mao X, Cheung KS, Tan JT, Mak LY, Lee CH, Chiang CL, Cheng HM, Hui RWH, Yuen MF, Leung WK, Seto WK. Optimal glycaemic control and the reduced risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer in patients with diabetes: a population-based cohort study. Gut 2024; 73:1313-1320. [PMID: 38569845 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Whether varying degrees of glycaemic control impact colonic neoplasm risk in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains uncertain. DESIGN Patients with newly diagnosed DM were retrieved from 2005 to 2013. Optimal glycaemic control at baseline was defined as mean haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)<7%. Outcomes of interest included colorectal cancer (CRC) and colonic adenoma development. We used propensity score (PS) matching with competing risk models to estimate subdistribution HRs (SHRs). We further analysed the combined effect of baseline and postbaseline glycaemic control based on time-weighted mean HbA1c during follow-up. RESULTS Of 88 468 PS-matched patients with DM (mean (SD) age: 61.5 (±11.7) years; male: 47 127 (53.3%)), 1229 (1.4%) patients developed CRC during a median follow-up of 7.2 (IQR: 5.5-9.4) years. Optimal glycaemic control was associated with lower CRC risk (SHR 0.72; 95% CI 0.65 to 0.81). The beneficial effect was limited to left-sided colon (SHR 0.71; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.85) and rectum (SHR 0.71; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.89), but not right-sided colon (SHR 0.86; 95% CI 0.67 to 1.10). Setting suboptimal glycaemic control at baseline/postbaseline as a reference, a decreased CRC risk was found in optimal control at postbaseline (SHR 0.79), baseline (SHR 0.71) and both time periods (SHR 0.61). Similar associations were demonstrated using glycaemic control as a time-varying covariate (HR 0.75). A stepwise greater risk of CRC was found (Ptrend<0.001) with increasing HbA1c (SHRs 1.34, 1.30, 1.44, 1.58 for HbA1c 7.0% to <7.5%, 7.5% to <8.0%, 8.0% to <8.5% and ≥8.5%, respectively). Optimal glycaemic control was associated with a lower risk of any, non-advanced and advanced colonic adenoma (SHRs 0.73-0.87). CONCLUSION Glycaemic control in patients with DM was independently associated with the risk of colonic adenoma and CRC development with a biological gradient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Mao
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ka Shing Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing-Tong Tan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Lung-Yi Mak
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-Leung Chiang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ho Ming Cheng
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rex Wan-Hin Hui
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Man Fung Yuen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Keung Leung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai-Kay Seto
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aynalem ZB, Adal AB, Ayele TF, Bayeh GM, Yeshiwas AG, Dessie TM, Tsega TD. Mortality rate and predictors of colorectal cancer patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:821. [PMID: 38987683 PMCID: PMC11234545 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12597-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been increasing in Sub-Saharan countries, including Ethiopia. However, the real mortality rate for CRC patients in Ethiopia has not been established. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the overall mortality rate and identify predictors among CRC patients in Ethiopia. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were searched to identify relevant articles. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) were followed. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale Critical Appraisal checklist. A random effect model was used to estimate the pooled mortality rate and adjusted hazard ratio (AHR). Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's regression test, while heterogeneity was evaluated through the Cochran Q test and I2 statistics. RESULTS After reviewing 74 articles, only 7 studies met the criteria and were included in the analysis. The analysis revealed that the overall mortality rate among CRC patients in Ethiopia was 40.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 32.05, 48.87) while the survival rates at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years were 82.3% (95% CI: 73.33, 91.31), 48.8% (95% CI: 43.35, 54.32), and 26.6% (95% CI: 21.26, 31.91) respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that studies conducted after 2017 had higher mortality rates compared to those studied earlier (43.0% vs. 38.2%). Older age (AHR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.27, 2.82); being married (AHR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.79, 3.57); having comorbidities (AHR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.45, 2.35); having high CEA levels (AHR: 2.06, CI: 1.35, 3.13); being in stage II (AHR: 4.13, 95% CI: 1.85, 9.22), III (AHR: 8.62, 95% CI: 3.88, 19.15), and IV (AHR: 8.06, CI: 2.89, 22.49) were the most important predictors. CONCLUSION In Ethiopia, the mortality rate among individuals diagnosed with CRC is high, with two out of five patients dying from this disease. Age, marital status, CEA level, comorbidities, and cancer stage were identified as predictors of mortality in CRC patients. Therefore, early detection and screening should be prioritized, particularly for older patients, those who are married, have comorbidities, elevated CEA levels, and advanced cancer stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zewdu Bishaw Aynalem
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
| | - Abebaw Bires Adal
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Temesgien Fentahun Ayele
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Gashaw Melkie Bayeh
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Almaw Genet Yeshiwas
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Miretie Dessie
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Tilahun Degu Tsega
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
He W, Yang Y, Liu Q, Luo D, Li Q, Li X. Conditional survival and the prognostic value of serum carcinoembryonic antigen level in oldest old with colorectal cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:220. [PMID: 38987680 PMCID: PMC11234783 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the clinical value of serum CEA levels and their implications on the diagnostic value of the conventional TNM staging system in the oldest-old patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS The recruited subjects were colorectal cancer patients aged 85 and older. The cutoff value for normal CEA level is 5 ng/mL. Patients with elevated CEA levels were categorized as stage C1, and those with normal CEA levels as stage C0. A number of Cox proportional hazard regression models were established to evaluate the prognosis of different prognostic factors with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to display the disparate prognostic impact of multiple clinicopathological factors with the log-rank test. RESULTS A total of 17,359 oldest-old patients diagnosed with CRC were recruited from the SEER database. The conditional survival of oldest-old patients with CRC was dismal with a 1-year conditional survival of only 11%, 18%, and 30% for patients surviving 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Patients with stage C1 exhibited a 48.5% increased risk of CRC-specific mortality compared with stage C0 (HR = 1.485, 95%CI = 1.393-1.583, using stage C0 patients as the reference, P < 0.001). All the stage C0 patients indicated lower HRs relative to the corresponding stage C1 patients. CONCLUSIONS Dismal conditional survival of oldest-old patients with CRC should be given additional consideration. C stage influences the prognosis of oldest-old patients with CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijing He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Xuhui District, #270 Dongan' Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Xuhui District, #270 Dongan' Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Xuhui District, #270 Dongan' Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dakui Luo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Xuhui District, #270 Dongan' Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingguo Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Xuhui District, #270 Dongan' Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxiang Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Xuhui District, #270 Dongan' Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Leonhardi J, Mehdorn M, Stelzner S, Scheuermann U, Höhn AK, Seehofer D, Schnarkowski B, Denecke T, Meyer HJ. Diagnostic accuracy and reliability of CT-based Node-RADS for colon cancer. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024:10.1007/s00261-024-04485-4. [PMID: 38976057 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-024-04485-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Node-RADS classification was recently published as a classification system to better characterize lymph nodes in oncological imaging. The present analysis investigated the diagnostic benefit of the Node-RADS classification of staging computed tomography (CT) images to categorize and stage lymph nodes in patients with colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients were surgically resected and the lymph nodes were histopathological analyzed. All investigated lymph nodes were scored in accordance to the Node-RADS classification by two experienced radiologists. Interreader variability was assessed with Cohen's kappa analysis, discrimination analysis was performed with Mann-Whitney-U test and diagnostic accuracy was assessed with receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Overall, 108 patients (n = 49 females, 45.3%) with a mean age of 70.08 ± 14.34 years were included. In discrimination analysis, the total Node-RADS score showed statistically significant differences between N- and N + stage (for reader 1: mean 1.89 ± 1.09 score for N- versus 2.93 ± 1.62 score for N+, for reader 2: 1.33 ± 0.48 score for N- versus 3.65 ± 0.94 score for N+, p = 0.001, respectively). ROC curve analysis for lymph node discrimination showed an area under the curve of 0.68. A threshold value of 2 resulted in a sensitivity of 0.62 and a specificity of 0.71. CONCLUSION Node-RADS score derived from staging CT shows only limited diagnostic accuracy to correctly predict nodal positivity in colon cancer. The interreader variability seems to be high and should question the clinical translation for this tumour entity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Leonhardi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Mehdorn
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sigmar Stelzner
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uwe Scheuermann
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Höhn
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Daniel Seehofer
- Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benedikt Schnarkowski
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timm Denecke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hans-Jonas Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fasano M, Pirozzi M, Miceli CC, Cocule M, Caraglia M, Boccellino M, Vitale P, De Falco V, Farese S, Zotta A, Ciardiello F, Addeo R. TGF-β Modulated Pathways in Colorectal Cancer: New Potential Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7400. [PMID: 39000507 PMCID: PMC11242595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with 20% of patients presenting with metastatic disease at diagnosis. TGF-β signaling plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including growth, differentiation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), regulation of the extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, and immune responses. TGF-β signals through SMAD proteins, which are intracellular molecules that transmit TGF-β signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Alterations in the TGF-β pathway and mutations in SMAD proteins are common in metastatic CRC (mCRC), making them critical factors in CRC tumorigenesis. This review first analyzes normal TGF-β signaling and then investigates its role in CRC pathogenesis, highlighting the mechanisms through which TGF-β influences metastasis development. TGF-β promotes neoangiogenesis via VEGF overexpression, pericyte differentiation, and other mechanisms. Additionally, TGF-β affects various elements of the tumor microenvironment, including T cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages, promoting immunosuppression and metastasis. Given its strategic role in multiple processes, we explored different strategies to target TGF-β in mCRC patients, aiming to identify new therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morena Fasano
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.); (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (S.F.); (A.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Mario Pirozzi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.); (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (S.F.); (A.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Chiara Carmen Miceli
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.); (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (S.F.); (A.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Mariateresa Cocule
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.); (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (S.F.); (A.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Laboratory of Precision and Molecular Oncology, Biogem Scarl, Institute of Genetic Research, Contrada Camporeale, 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Boccellino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Vitale
- Oncology Operative Unit, Hospital of Frattamaggiore, ASLNA2NORD, Frattamaggiore, 80027 Naples, Italy; (P.V.); (V.D.F.); (R.A.)
| | - Vincenzo De Falco
- Oncology Operative Unit, Hospital of Frattamaggiore, ASLNA2NORD, Frattamaggiore, 80027 Naples, Italy; (P.V.); (V.D.F.); (R.A.)
| | - Stefano Farese
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.); (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (S.F.); (A.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessia Zotta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.); (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (S.F.); (A.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Fortunato Ciardiello
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.F.); (M.P.); (C.C.M.); (M.C.); (S.F.); (A.Z.); (F.C.)
| | - Raffaele Addeo
- Oncology Operative Unit, Hospital of Frattamaggiore, ASLNA2NORD, Frattamaggiore, 80027 Naples, Italy; (P.V.); (V.D.F.); (R.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lehr K, Lange UG, Hipler NM, Vilchez-Vargas R, Hoffmeister A, Feisthammel J, Buchloh D, Schanze D, Zenker M, Gockel I, Link A, Jansen-Winkeln B. Prediction of anastomotic insufficiency based on the mucosal microbiome prior to colorectal surgery: a proof-of-principle study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15335. [PMID: 38961176 PMCID: PMC11222535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65320-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a potentially life-threatening complication following colorectal cancer (CRC) resection. In this study, we aimed to unravel longitudinal changes in microbial structure before, during, and after surgery and to determine if microbial alterations may be predictive for risk assessment between sufficient anastomotic healing (AS) and AL prior surgery. We analysed the microbiota of 134 colon mucosal biopsies with 16S rRNA V1-V2 gene sequencing. Samples were collected from three location sites before, during, and after surgery, and patients received antibiotics after the initial collection and during surgery. The microbial structure showed dynamic surgery-related changes at different time points. Overall bacterial diversity and the abundance of some genera such as Faecalibacterium or Alistipes decreased over time, while the genera Enterococcus and Escherichia_Shigella increased. The distribution of taxa between AS and AL revealed significant differences in the abundance of genera such as Prevotella, Faecalibacterium and Phocaeicola. In addition to Phocaeicola, Ruminococcus2 and Blautia showed significant differences in abundance between preoperative sample types. ROC analysis of the predictive value of these genera for AL revealed an AUC of 0.802 (p = 0.0013). In summary, microbial composition was associated with postoperative outcomes, and the abundance of certain genera may be predictive of postoperative complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Lehr
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Section of Molecular Gastroenterology and Microbiota-Associated Diseases, Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Undine Gabriele Lange
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Noam Mathias Hipler
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Section of Molecular Gastroenterology and Microbiota-Associated Diseases, Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ramiro Vilchez-Vargas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Section of Molecular Gastroenterology and Microbiota-Associated Diseases, Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Hoffmeister
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Pneumology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Feisthammel
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Pneumology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dorina Buchloh
- Clinic for General and Visceral Surgery, Protestant Deaconess House Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Denny Schanze
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ines Gockel
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Link
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Section of Molecular Gastroenterology and Microbiota-Associated Diseases, Otto Von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Boris Jansen-Winkeln
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
- Clinic for General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Clinic St. Georg Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sharif E, Nezafat N, Ahmadi FM, Mohit E. In Silico Design of CT26 Polytope and its Surface Display by ClearColi™-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Cancer Vaccine Candidate Against Colon Carcinoma. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-04971-x. [PMID: 38958886 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-04971-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Simultaneous targeting of several mutations can be useful in colorectal cancer (CRC) due to its heterogeneity and presence of somatic mutations. As CT26 mutations and expression profiles resemble those of human CRC, we focused on designing a polyepitope vaccine based on CT26 neoepitopes. Due to its low immunogenicity, outer membrane vesicles (rOMV) as an antigen delivery system and adjuvant was applied. Herein, based on previous experimental and our in silico studies four CT26 neoepitopes with the ability to bind MHC-I and MHC-II, TCR, and induce IFN-α production were selected. To increase their immunogenicity, the gp70 and PADRE epitopes were added. The order of the neoepitopes was determined through 3D structure analysis using ProSA, Verify 3D, ERRAT, and Ramachandran servers. The stable peptide-protein docking between the selected epitopes and MHC alleles strengthen our prediction. The CT26 polytope vaccine sequence was fused to the C-terminal of cytolysin A (ClyA) anchor protein and rOMVs were isolated from endotoxin-free ClearColi™ strain. The results of the C-ImmSim server showed that the ClyA-CT26 polytope vaccine could induce T and B cells immunity.The ClyA-CT26 polytope was characterized as a soluble, stable, immunogen, and non-allergen vaccine and optimized for expression in ClearColi™ 24 h after induction with 1 mM IPTG at 25 °C. Western blot analysis confirmed the expression of ClyA-CT26 polytope by ClearColi™ and also on ClearColi™-derived rOMVs. In conclusion, we found that ClearColi™-derived rOMVs with CT26 polytope can deliver CRC neoantigens and induce antitumor immunity, but in vivo immunological studies are needed to confirm vaccine efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sharif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 2660, Vali-e-Asr Ave, Tehran, 1991953381, Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Elham Mohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No. 2660, Vali-e-Asr Ave, Tehran, 1991953381, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu F, Khan AA, Klimovskij M, Harshen R. The effect of antiplatelet therapy and oral anticoagulants on the accuracy of faecal immunochemical testing. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:521-527. [PMID: 38478034 PMCID: PMC11214854 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2024.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) has been adopted to identify patients requiring further investigations on the colorectal cancer (CRC) referral pathway. We aimed to investigate the effect of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs on the accuracy of FIT results. METHODS This observational study categorised patients with suspected CRC symptoms, who completed both FIT and colonic investigations, into two groups (control and exposed) based on their use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs. Two-by-two tables and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to determine accuracy. RESULTS A total of 928 patients were divided into a control (n=683) and an exposed group (n=245). A nonsignificant higher proportion of patients tested positive in the exposed group (24.1% vs 18.4%, p=0.063). For detection of CRC, improved sensitivity of 87% vs 81.2%, specificity of 84.8% vs 79.9% and negative predictive value of 99.2% vs 98.3% was calculated in the control vs exposed groups, respectively. The positive predictive value was comparable between the two groups (21.4% vs 22% in the control and exposed groups, respectively). In ROC analysis, there was no difference between the groups (AUC 90% vs 87%, p=0.56). The use of antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs did not increase the risk of positive FIT results on multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS FIT accuracy for CRC detection remained unaffected despite more patients testing positive in the exposed group. FIT should be considered a supplementary tool for triage. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs do not need to be discontinued before collection of FIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Wu
- East Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - AA Khan
- East Kent Hospitals University NHS Trust, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cho HJ, Lee HS, Kang J. Varying clinical relevance of sarcopenia and myosteatosis according to age among patients with postoperative colorectal cancer. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100243. [PMID: 38643603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present retrospective study reviewed the association among sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and overall survival (OS) in patients with postoperative colorectal cancer (CRC) with regard to age. DESIGN A retrospective study was conducted with a five-year follow-up. SETTING Data from all patients with CRC, who underwent surgery between February 2005 and April 2014, were reviewed. PARTICIPANTS Data from 1053 patients (622 male [59.1%], 431 female [40.9%]; mean [± SD] age, 62.8 ± 11.8 years) were analyzed. MEASUREMENTS Patients were divided into three groups according to age: ≤50, 51-74, and ≥75 years. Data, including perioperative parameters, and the presence of sarcopenia and myosteatosis according to skeletal muscle index (SMI) and skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD), respectively, were collected. Sarcopenia was evaluated using CT by calculating the SMI at the L3 level by dividing the area of the skeletal muscle by height squared (cm2/m2). SMD was also calculated using CT at the L3 level, but by evaluating fat attenuation according to Hounsfield units (HU). RESULTS Patient allocation according to age group was as follows: ≤50 years, n = 147 (14.0%); 51-74 years, n = 742 (70.5%); and ≥75 years, n = 164 (15.5%). The presence of sarcopenia and myosteatosis were statistically significant with increasing age (P = 0.004 and P < 0.001, respectively). The 51-74 years age group exhibited a significant association in OS for myosteatosis (P < 0.001) while the ≥75 years group was significantly associated with sarcopenia (P = 0.04) with regard to OS. Multivariable analysis also revealed a statistically significant association between myosteatosis in the 51-74 years age group (P = 0.033) and sarcopenia in the ≥75 years age group (P = 0.005) even when adjusted for recurrence status. CONCLUSION Different age groups exhibited significantly variable skeletal muscle indices. Although an abundance of irrefutable results demonstrated a correlation between CT-defined sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and clinical prognosis, data regarding age-dependent correlations are scarce. Results of this study demonstrated that sarcopenia and myosteatosis did not influence the prognosis of young patients with postoperative CRC (≤50 years of age), inferring the existence of significantly different skeletal muscle-related parameters according to age. Patients over 75 years of age showed significant association with sarcopenia while those in the 51-74 age group displayed significant link to myosteatosis. Clinicians should consider the impact of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on patient prognosis and should also be aware that the effect may differ according to patient age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jung Cho
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Kang
- Department of Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ye LY, Li YS, Ge T, Liu LC, Si JX, Yang X, Fan WJ, Liu XZ, Zhang YN, Wang JW, Wang SB, Zou H, Zheng YL, Jin KT, Mao ZW, Cai Y, Mou XZ. Engineered Luminescent Oncolytic Vaccinia Virus Activation of Photodynamic-Immune Combination Therapy for Colorectal Cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304136. [PMID: 38551143 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic virus therapy is currently regarded as a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. It has greater therapeutic advantages for colorectal cancer that is prone to distant metastasis. However, the therapeutic efficacy and clinical application of viral agents alone for colorectal cancer remain suboptimal. In this study, an engineered oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV-Luc) that expresses the firefly luciferase gene is developed and loaded Chlorin e6 (Ce6) onto the virus surface through covalent coupling, resulting in OVV-Luc@Ce6 (OV@C). The OV@C infiltrates tumor tissue and induces endogenous luminescence through substrate catalysis, resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species. This unique system eliminates the need for an external light source, making it suitable for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in deep tissues. Moreover, this synergistic effect between PDT and viral immunotherapy enhances dendritic cell maturation, macrophage polarization, and reversal of the immunosuppressive microenvironment. This synergistic effect has the potential to convert a "cold" into a "hot" tumor, it offers valuable insights for clinical translation and application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yi Ye
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311300, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yi-Shu Li
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Tong Ge
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Long-Cai Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311300, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jing-Xing Si
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Wei-Jiao Fan
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Liu
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - You-Ni Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Jun-Wei Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou, 317200, China
| | - Shi-Bing Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Hai Zou
- Department of Critical Care, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yue-Liang Zheng
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Ke-Tao Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Mao
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311300, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xiao-Zhou Mou
- Emergency and Critical Care Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 311300, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tiantai People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Taizhou, 317200, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Spadaccini M, Troya J, Khalaf K, Facciorusso A, Maselli R, Hann A, Repici A. Artificial Intelligence-assisted colonoscopy and colorectal cancer screening: Where are we going? Dig Liver Dis 2024; 56:1148-1155. [PMID: 38458884 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2024.01.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a significant global health concern, necessitating effective screening strategies to reduce its incidence and mortality rates. Colonoscopy plays a crucial role in the detection and removal of colorectal neoplastic precursors. However, there are limitations and variations in the performance of endoscopists, leading to missed lesions and suboptimal outcomes. The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) in endoscopy offers promising opportunities to improve the quality and efficacy of screening colonoscopies. In particular, AI applications, including computer-aided detection (CADe) and computer-aided characterization (CADx), have demonstrated the potential to enhance adenoma detection and optical diagnosis accuracy. Additionally, AI-assisted quality control systems aim to standardize the endoscopic examination process. This narrative review provides an overview of AI principles and discusses the current knowledge on AI-assisted endoscopy in the context of screening colonoscopies. It highlights the significant role of AI in improving lesion detection, characterization, and quality assurance during colonoscopy. However, further well-designed studies are needed to validate the clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of AI-assisted colonoscopy before its widespread implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Spadaccini
- Department of Endoscopy, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20089 Rozzano, Italy.
| | - Joel Troya
- Interventional and Experimental Endoscopy (InExEn), Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kareem Khalaf
- Division of Gastroenterology, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Antonio Facciorusso
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Surgical and Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Roberta Maselli
- Department of Endoscopy, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alexander Hann
- Interventional and Experimental Endoscopy (InExEn), Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alessandro Repici
- Department of Endoscopy, Humanitas Research Hospital, IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yeh JH, Lin CW, Hsiao PJ, Perng DS, Chen JC, Hung KT, Hsu CC, Chen CC, Liu YP, Lee YC, Wang JY. Prevalence and predictive factors of colorectal sessile serrated lesions in younger individuals. Endoscopy 2024; 56:494-502. [PMID: 38378019 DOI: 10.1055/a-2272-1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) are obscured lesions predominantly in the right-sided colon and associated with interval colorectal cancer; however, their prevalence and risk factors among younger individuals remain unclear. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled individuals who underwent index colonoscopy. The primary outcome was the SSL prevalence in the younger (<50 years) and older (≥50 years) age groups, while the secondary outcomes included clinically significant serrated polyps (CSSPs). Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify predictors. RESULTS Of the 9854 eligible individuals, 4712 (47.8%) were categorized into the younger age group. Individuals in the younger age group exhibited lower prevalences of adenomas (22.6% vs. 46.2%; P<0.001) and right-sided adenomas (11.2% vs. 27.2%; P<0.001) compared with their older counterparts. However, both groups exhibited a similar prevalence of SSLs (7.2% vs. 6.5%; P=0.16) and CSSPs (10.3% vs. 10.3%;P=0.96). Multivariable analysis revealed that age 40-49 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.81, 95%CI 1.01-3.23), longer withdrawal time (OR 1.17, 95%CI 1.14-1.20, per minute increment), and endoscopist performance (OR 3.35, 95%CI 2.44-4.58) were independent predictors of SSL detection in the younger age group. No significant correlation was observed between adenoma and SSL detection rates among endoscopists. CONCLUSION SSLs are not uncommon among younger individuals. Moreover, diligent effort and expertise are of paramount importance in SSL detection. Future studies should explore the clinical significance of SSLs in individuals of younger age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Hao Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da DaChang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsiao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da DaChang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Daw-Shyong Perng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chieh Chen
- Department of Health Examination, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tung Hung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da DaChang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chang Hsu
- Department of Health Examination, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Chen
- Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Peng Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Yuan Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sawaguchi H, Uehara T, Iwaya M, Asaka S, Nakajima T, Kamakura M, Nagaya T, Yoshizawa T, Ota H, Umemura T. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 expression in lymph node metastases of colorectal cancer: Clinicopathological insights and prognostic implications. Pathol Int 2024; 74:387-393. [PMID: 38787285 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), a significant cancer stem cell marker in colorectal cancer (CRC), lacks lymph node (LN) expression studies. In this study, we identified LGR5 expression by RNAscope, a highly sensitive RNA in situ method, and analyzed its association with clinicopathological characteristics. Tissue microarrays were generated from primary tumors (PTs) and LN metastases in paraffin-embedded blocks of 38 CRC surgical resection materials. LGR5 expression by RNAscope was evaluated by dividing the expression levels into negative and positive expression. In all but two cases of LN metastasis, LGR5-positive dots were detected in tumor cells, and there was a wide range of LGR5-positive cells. More LGR5-positive dots were identified in the gland-forming region. Twenty-three cases were classified into a high LGR5-expression group, and 15 cases were classified into a low LGR5-expression group. In the high LGR5-expression group, the histological grade was lower than in the low LGR5-expression group (p = 0.0159), while necrosis was significantly more prevalent (p = 0.0326), and the tumor, node, metastasis stage was significantly lower (p = 0.0302). There was no association between LGR5 expression levels in LN metastases and LGR5 expression levels in PT tissue. LGR5 expression in LN metastases may influence prognosis. Further analysis may lead to new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Sawaguchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uehara
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Mai Iwaya
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shiho Asaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagano Children's Hospital, Azumino, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakajima
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masato Kamakura
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoshizawa
- Division of Gastroenterological, Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Ota
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takeji Umemura
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
He T, Hu C, Li S, Fan Y, Xie F, Sun X, Jiang Q, Chen W, Jia Y, Li W. The role of CD8 + T-cells in colorectal cancer immunotherapy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33144. [PMID: 39005910 PMCID: PMC11239598 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has been an advanced and effective approach to treating various types of solid tumors in recent years, and the most successful strategy is immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which have shown beneficial effects in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Drug resistance to ICIs is usually associated with CD8+ T-cells targeting tumor antigens; thus, CD8+ T-cells play an important role in immunotherapy. Unfortunately, Under continuous antigen stimulation, tumor microenvironment(TME), hypoxia and other problems it leads to insufficient infiltration of CD8+ T-cells, low efficacy and mechanism exhaustion, which have become obstacles to immunotherapy. Thus, this article describes the relationship between CRC and the immune system, focuses on the process of CD8+ T-cells production, activation, transport, killing, and exhaustion, and expounds on related mechanisms leading to CD8+ T-cells exhaustion. Finally, this article summarizes the latest strategies and methods in recent years, focusing on improving the infiltration, efficacy, and exhaustion of CD8+ T-cells, which may help to overcome the barriers to immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao He
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chencheng Hu
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shichao Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yao Fan
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Fei Xie
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xin Sun
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qingfeng Jiang
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yingtian Jia
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wusheng Li
- The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Huang J, Chan SC, Pang WS, Mak FY, Fung YC, Lok V, Zhang L, Lin X, Lucero-Prisno DE, Xu W, Zheng ZJ, Elcarte E, Withers M, Wong MCS. Incidence distributions, risk factors and trends of vaginal cancer: A global population-based study. BJOG 2024. [PMID: 38924674 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors and trends for vaginal cancer. DESIGN Retrospective observational design. SETTING Data were collected from multiple sources, including the Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Plus, Global Burden of Disease, World Bank and the United Nations. POPULATION Individuals diagnosed with vaginal cancer. METHODS The study collected data on vaginal cancer from the specified sources. The age-standardised rate (ASR) of vaginal cancer was calculated for different regions and age groups. Multivariable and univariable linear regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between risk factors and the incidence of vaginal cancer. Trend analysis was conducted using joinpoint regression analysis, and the average annual percentage change (AAPC) was calculated to quantify the temporal trend. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome measures of the study were the incidence of vaginal cancer, risk factors associated with the disease and the trend of its incidence over time. RESULTS There were 17 908 newly reported cases of vaginal cancer (ASR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.30-0.44) in 2020, with the highest ASRs reported in South-Central Asia and Southern Africa. Risk factors associated with a higher incidence of vaginal cancer included a higher prevalence of unsafe sex and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The temporal trend showed an overall rising incidence globally, with Iceland (AAPC = 29.56, 95% CI 12.12-49.71), Chile (AAPC = 22.83, 95% CI 13.20-33.27), Bahrain (AAPC = 22.05, 95% CI 10.83-34.40) and the UK (AAPC = 1.40, 95% CI 0.41-2.39) demonstrating the most significant rising trends. CONCLUSIONS The significant regional disparities and risk factors associated with vaginal cancer underscore the necessity for targeted interventions and education, particularly in regions with a lower human development index (HDI) and a higher prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The increasing incidence trend emphasises the need for enhanced HPV vaccination rates to prevent the development of vaginal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Sze Chai Chan
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wing Sze Pang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Fung Yu Mak
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yat Ching Fung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Veeleah Lok
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lin Zhang
- Suzhou Industrial Park Monash Research Institute of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
- The School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Wanghong Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Zheng
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Mellissa Withers
- Department of Population and Health Sciences, Institute for Global Health, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Martin C S Wong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zheng Y, Chen X, Zhang H, Ning X, Mao Y, Zheng H, Dai G, Liu B, Zhang G, Huang D. Multiparametric MRI-based radiomics nomogram for the preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in rectal cancer: A two-center study. Eur J Radiol 2024; 178:111591. [PMID: 39013271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a radiomic nomogram based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in rectal cancer. METHODS This retrospective study included 318 patients with pathologically proven rectal adenocarcinoma from two hospitals. Radiomic features were extracted from T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging scans of the training cohort, and the radsore model was then constructed. The combined model was obtained by integrating the Radscore and clinical models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the diagnostic effectiveness of each model, and the best-performing model was used to develop the nomogram. RESULTS The Radscore and clinical models exhibited similar diagnostic efficacy (DeLong's test, P > 0.05). The AUC of the combined model was significantly higher than those of the clinical and Radscore models in the training cohort (AUC: 0.837 vs. 0.763 and 0.787, P: 0.02120 and 0.02309) and the external validation cohort (AUC: 0.880 vs. 0.797 and 0.779, P: 0.02310 and 0.02471). However, the diagnostic performance of the three models was comparable in the internal validation cohort (P > 0.05). Thus, among the three models, the combined model exhibited the highest diagnostic efficiency. The calibration curve exhibited satisfactory consistency between the nomogram predictions and the actual results. DCA confirmed the considerable clinical usefulness of the nomogram. CONCLUSION The radiomics nomogram can accurately and noninvasively predict LNM in rectal cancer before surgery, serving as a convenient visualization tool for informing treatment decisions, including the choice of surgical approach and the need for neoadjuvant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Hangzhou Dianzi University Zhuoyue Honors College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Ning
- Department of Radiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yichuan Mao
- Department of Radiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hailan Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guojiao Dai
- Department of Radiology, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Binghui Liu
- Department of Pathology, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Danjiang Huang
- Department of Radiology, Huangyan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tsai KY, Huang PS, Chu PY, Nguyen TNA, Hung HY, Hsieh CH, Wu MH. Current Applications and Future Directions of Circulating Tumor Cells in Colorectal Cancer Recurrence. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2316. [PMID: 39001379 PMCID: PMC11240518 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The ability to predict or detect colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence early after surgery enables physicians to apply appropriate treatment plans and different follow-up strategies to improve patient survival. Overall, 30-50% of CRC patients experience cancer recurrence after radical surgery, but current surveillance tools have limitations in the precise and early detection of cancer recurrence. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that detach from the primary tumor and enter the bloodstream. These can provide real-time information on disease status. CTCs might become novel markers for predicting CRC recurrence and, more importantly, for making decisions about additional adjuvant chemotherapy. In this review, the clinical application of CTCs as a therapeutic marker for stage II CRC is described. It then discusses the utility of CTCs for monitoring cancer recurrence in advanced rectal cancer patients who undergo neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Finally, it discusses the roles of CTC subtypes and CTCs combined with clinicopathological factors in establishing a multimarker model for predicting CRC recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Yu Tsai
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan
| | - Po-Shuan Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Chu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Thi Ngoc Anh Nguyen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Hung
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsun Hsieh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsien Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Hospital, New Taipei City 23652, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
D'Angelo F, Monnien F, Overs A, Pem I, Dor F, Abad M, Felix S, Selmani Z, Lakkis Z, Borg C, Doussot A, Bibeau F, Molimard C. Temporal and spatial heterogeneity of HER2 status in metastatic colorectal cancer. Diagn Pathol 2024; 19:88. [PMID: 38909265 PMCID: PMC11193188 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-024-01508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2-targeted therapies have recently emerged as an option in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) overexpressing HER2. However, data regarding HER2 status in primary CRC and its corresponding liver metastases are limited, potentially influencing clinical decisions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the HER2 status in primary CRC and paired liver metastases. METHODS Patients with mCRC who were operated from their primary colorectal cancer and their corresponding synchronous or metachronous liver metastases, in the digestive surgery department of Besançon University Hospital, between April 1999 and October 2021, were included. Tissue microarrays were constructed from matched primary CRC and liver metastastic tissue samples. HER2 status was assessed by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization according to Valtorta's criteria. RESULTS A series of 108 paired primary CRC and liver metastases, including a series of multiple liver metastases originating from the same patients (n = 24), were assessed. Among the primary CRC, 89 (82.4%), 17 (15.8%) and 2 (1.8%) cases were scored 0, 1 + and 2 + respectively. In liver metastases, 99 (91.7%), 7 (6.5%) and 2 (1.8%) were scored 0, 1 + and 2, respectively. Overall, there was a 19% discrepancy rate in HER2 status between primary CRC and metastases, which increased to 21% in cases with multiple synchronous or metachronous liver metastases in a given patient. No significant difference was found between metachronous and synchronous metastases regarding the HER2 status (p = 0.237). CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of HER2 status between primary CRC and corresponding liver metastases. These findings raise the question of a sequential evaluation of the HER2 status during disease progression, to provide the most suitable treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia D'Angelo
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Franck Monnien
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Alexis Overs
- Department of Oncobiology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Irvin Pem
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Fanny Dor
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Marine Abad
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Sophie Felix
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Zohair Selmani
- Department of Oncobiology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Zaher Lakkis
- Department of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Christophe Borg
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Alexandre Doussot
- Department of Digestive Surgery, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| | - Fréderic Bibeau
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France.
| | - Chloé Molimard
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Besançon, 3 Boulevard Alexandre Fleming, Besancon, 25000, France
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fujise Y, Hazama S, Fujii T, Inoue M, Takahashi S, Yoshida K, Ikeda A, Hashiyada H, Nakamoto K, Yamashita A, Hino K, Okita K. Rectal squamous cell carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, cetuximab, and radiation: A case report of pathological complete response. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38627. [PMID: 38905362 PMCID: PMC11191886 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Treatment strategies for rectal squamous cell carcinoma (rSCC) are yet to be established, given its rarity. Although squamous cell carcinoma has been reported to be highly sensitive to cetuximab and radiation, there is no report of combination therapy of cetuximab and radiation for rSCC. In this study, we firstly reported a case of rSCC in which a complete response was achieved with the original chemoradiotherapy comprising oxaliplatin, S-1, cetuximab, and simultaneous radiation. PATIENT CONCERNS A 46-year-old women presented to our hospital with lower abdominal pain and fatigue. DIAGNOSES Based on tumor marker analyses, histological examination of biopsy specimens, and comprehensive imaging, the patient was diagnosed with rSCC. INTERVENTIONS Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (50.4 Gy) was administered in 28 fractions, along with concurrent chemotherapy comprising SOX (S-1: 80 mg/m2, days 1-5 and 8-12, oxaliplatin: 85 mg/m2, day 1) and cetuximab (400 mg/m2, day 1, 250 mg/m2, after day 8). OUTCOMES Five weeks after chemoradiation, the patient underwent laparoscopic partial intersphincteric resection, achieving a complete pathological response. LESSONS This case firstly highlights the usefulness of SOX plus cetuximab combined with radiation in the treatment of locally advanced rSCC. However, a large-scale study is required to establish safe and effective treatment regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Fujise
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hazama
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Fujii
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Motoshige Inoue
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | | | - Kazuya Yoshida
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hashiyada
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Kembu Nakamoto
- Department of Surgery, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Aogu Yamashita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Okita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterological Center, Shunan Memorial Hospital, Kudamatsu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Xu K, Yu Z, Lu T, Peng W, Gong Y, Chen C. PARP1 bound to XRCC2 promotes tumor progression in colorectal cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:238. [PMID: 38907095 PMCID: PMC11192709 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01112-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND By complexing poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) in reaction to broke strand, PAR polymerase1 (PARP1) acts as the key enzyme participated in DNA repair. However, recent studies suggest that unrepaired DNA breaks results in persistent PARP1 activation, which leads to a progressively reduce in hexokinase1 (HK1) activity and cell death. PARP-1 is TCF-4/β-A novel co activator of gene transactivation induced by catenin may play a role in the development of colorectal cancer. The molecular mechanism of PARP1 remains elusive. METHODS 212 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who had the operation at our hospital were recruited. PARP1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Stable CRC cell lines with low or high PARP1 expression were constructed. Survival analysis was computed based on PARP1 expression. The cell proliferation was tested by CCK-8 and Colony formation assay. The interaction of PARP1 and XRCC2 was detected by immunoprecipitation (IP) analysis. RESULTS Compared with matching adjacent noncancerous tissue, PARP1 was upregulated in CRC tissue which was correlated with the degree of differentiation, TNM stage, depth of invasion, metastasis, and survival. In addition, after constructing CRC stable cell lines with abnormal expression of PARP1, we found that overexpression of PARP1 promoted proliferation, and demonstrated the interaction between PARP1 and XRCC2 in CRC cells through immunoprecipitation (IP) analysis. Moreover, the inhibitor of XRCC2 can suppress the in vitro proliferation arousing by upregulation of PARP1. CONCLUSIONS PARP1 was upregulated in CRC cells and promoted cell proliferation. Furthermore, the expression status of PARP1 was significantly correlated with some clinicopathological features and 5-year survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwu Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhige Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Tailiang Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaowu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410005, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xu R, Chi H, Zhang Q, Li X, Hong Z. Enhancing the diagnostic accuracy of colorectal cancer through the integration of serum tumor markers and hematological indicators with machine learning algorithms. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03564-8. [PMID: 38902493 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03564-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate due to a low rate of early diagnosis. Therefore, efficient diagnostic methods are urgently needed. PURPOSE This study assesses the diagnostic effectiveness of Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) serum tumor markers for colorectal cancer (CRC) and investigates a machine learning-based diagnostic model incorporating these markers with blood biochemical indices for improved CRC detection. METHOD Between January 2019 and December 2021, data from 800 CRC patients and 697 controls were collected; 52 patients and 63 controls attending the same hospital in 2022 were collected as an external validation set. Markers' effectiveness was analyzed individually and collectively, using metrics like ROC curve AUC and F1 score. Variables chosen through backward regression, including demographics and blood tests, were tested on six machine learning models using these metrics. RESULT In the case group, the levels of CEA, CA199, and CA125 were found to be higher than those in the control group. Combining these with a fourth serum marker significantly improved predictive efficacy over using any single marker alone, achieving an Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.801. Using stepwise regression (backward), 17 variables were meticulously selected for evaluation in six machine learning models. Among these models, the Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) emerged as the top performer in the training set, test set, and external validation set, boasting an AUC value of over 0.9, indicating its superior predictive power. CONCLUSION Machine learning models integrating tumor markers and blood indices offer superior CRC diagnostic accuracy, potentially enhancing clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongxuan Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhijun Hong
- The Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Walker B, Jani CT, Liu W, Punjwani S, Kareff S, Ceglowski P, Singh H, Mariano M, Salciccioli JD, Borges L, Lopes G. Does a "Western Lifestyle" Confer a Higher Burden of Colorectal Cancer? A Comparison of EU15+ Countries versus Global Trends between 1990 and 2019. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2277. [PMID: 38927980 PMCID: PMC11201493 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the U.S. is declining in adults 50 years and older; however, recent studies suggest an increasing disease burden among adults under age 50. This study aims to compare the incidence, mortality, and mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) of CRC in EU15+ countries to determine if similar age-stratified occurrences are observed across these countries with similar "Western lifestyle"-related risk factors. Incidence and mortality rates for CRC between 1990 and 2019 were extracted using the Global Burden of Disease database. The data were age-stratified into groups between ages 25-49, 50-69, and greater than 69 years. We observed that the incidence of CRC increased globally for all age groups, with the highest increase observed for males (75.9%) and females (27.7%) aged 25-49. A similar trend was observed in 15 of the 19 EU15+ countries for males and 16 of the 19 EU15+ countries for females aged 25-49. Global mortality rates decreased for all age groups in females but increased for males in all age groups. This raises concerns regarding potentially modifiable risk factors contributing to increased CRC development and underscores the importance of implementing standardized screening at an earlier stage to ensure adequate detection in the younger population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bradley Walker
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (B.W.); (W.L.); (S.P.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chinmay T. Jani
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (B.W.); (W.L.); (S.P.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (S.K.); (G.L.)
| | - Weitao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (B.W.); (W.L.); (S.P.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shoheera Punjwani
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (B.W.); (W.L.); (S.P.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samuel Kareff
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (S.K.); (G.L.)
| | - Peter Ceglowski
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (B.W.); (W.L.); (S.P.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Melissa Mariano
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (B.W.); (W.L.); (S.P.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Justin D. Salciccioli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Lawrence Borges
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; (B.W.); (W.L.); (S.P.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mount Auburn Hospital, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Gilberto Lopes
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (S.K.); (G.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wismayer R, Kiwanuka J, Wabinga H, Odida M. Dietary risk factors for colorectal cancer in Uganda: a case-control study. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:88. [PMID: 38898481 PMCID: PMC11186163 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low-income countries in East Africa have a lower incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) than high-income countries; however, the incidence has steadily increased in the last few decades. In Uganda, the extent to which genetic and environmental factors, particularly dietary factors, contribute to the aetiology of CRC is unclear. Therefore, the objective of our study was to determine the relationship between dietary factors and CRC in Uganda. METHODS We conducted a case-control study and recruited 128 cases and 256 controls, matched for age (± 5 years) and sex. Data regarding the frequency of consumption of the dietary factors were obtained from all the participants using an interview-based questionnaire. The potential dietary risk factors and protective factors evaluated included the type and frequency of meat consumed and the type and frequency of high-fibre foods consumed. The frequency was either 4 or more times/week, 2-3 times/week, once/week or never. Conditional logistic regression analyses were used to determine the odds ratios associated with the different risk and protective factors. RESULTS The median age (IQR) for the case participants was 55.5 (43-67.5) years, and that of the control participants was 54 (42-65) years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1 for all the participants. Factors significantly associated with CRC cases included:- the consumption of boiled beef 2-3 times/week (aOR:3.24; 95% CI: 1.08-9.69; p < 0.035). Consumption of high-fibre foods, including:- millet for ≥ 4 times/week (aOR: 0.23; 95% CI: 0.09-0.62; p = 0.003)), spinach for ≥ 4 times/week (aOR:0.32; 95% CI: 0.11-0.97; p = 0.043), and potatoes 2-3 times/week (aOR: 0.30; 95% CI: 0.09-0.97; p = 0.044), were protective against CRC. Boiled cassava showed a tendency to reduce the likelihood of CRC when consumed ≥ 4 times/week (aOR:0.38; 95% CI: 0.12-1.18) however this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.093). CONCLUSIONS The consumption of boiled beef increases the risk of CRC, while the intake of high-fibre foods may reduce the risk of CRC among Ugandans. We recommend nutritional educational programmes to increase public awareness regarding the protective role of a high-fibre diet and to limit the intake of cooked meat in our Ugandan population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wismayer
- Department of Surgery, Masaka Regional Referral Hospital, Masaka, Uganda.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Equator University for Science and Technology, Masaka, Uganda.
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Habib Medical School, IUIU University, Kampala, Uganda.
- Department of Pathology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Julius Kiwanuka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Henry Wabinga
- Department of Pathology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Michael Odida
- Department of Pathology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
He C, Gu X, Dong C, Xu Z, Liu L, Jiang B, Lu Y, Jiang X, Lu Z. The association between ferroptosis-related patterns and tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112258. [PMID: 38744178 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death (RCD), exhibits distinct characteristics such as iron-dependence and lipid peroxidation accumulation (ROS), setting it apart from other types of cell death like apoptosis and necrosis. Its role in cancer biology is increasingly recognized, particularly its potential interaction with tumor microenvironment (TME) and CD8 T cells in cancer immunotherapy. However, the impact of ferroptosis on TME cell infiltration remains unclear. In this study, we conducted unsupervised clustering analysis on patient data from public databases, identifying three ferroptosis patterns with distinct TME cell infiltration characteristics: immune-inflamed, immune-excluded, and immune-desert phenotypes. We developed a ferroptosis score based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among these patterns, which correlated with various biological features including chemotherapy-resistance and immune cells infiltration. Despite patients with high ferroptosis scores exhibiting worse prognosis, they showed increased likelihood of benefiting from immunotherapy. Our findings highlight the importance of ferroptosis-related patterns in understanding TME cell infiltration and suggest novel strategies for drug combinations and immune-related therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengshan He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyuan Dong
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiudi Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhicheng Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Guo X, Wang R, Chen R, Zhang Z, Wang J, Liu X. Gut microbiota and serum metabolite signatures along the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence: Implications for early detection and intervention. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 560:119732. [PMID: 38772522 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Our study focuses on the microbial and metabolomic profile changes during the adenoma stage, as adenomas can be considered potential precursors to colorectal cancer through the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Identifying possible intervention targets at this stage may aid in preventing the progression of colorectal adenoma (CRA) to malignant lesions. Furthermore, we evaluate the efficacy of combined microbial and metabolite biomarkers in detecting CRA. METHODS Fecal metagenomic and serum metabolomic analyses were performed for the discovery of alterations of gut microbiome and metabolites in CRA patients (n = 26), Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients (n = 19), Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) patients (n = 10), and healthy controls (n = 20). Finally, analyzing the associations between gut microbes and metabolites was performed by a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS Our analysis present that CRA patients differ significantly in gut microflora and serum metabolites compared with healthy controls, especially for Lachnospiraceae and Parasutterella. Its main metabolite, butyric acid, concentrations were raised in CRA patients compared with the healthy controls, indicating its role as a promoter of colorectal tumorigenesis. α-Linolenic acid and lysophosphatidylcholine represented the other healthy metabolite for CRA. Combining five microbial and five metabolite biomarkers, we differentiated CRA from CRC with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.85 out of this performance vastly superior to the specificity recorded by traditional markers CEA and CA199 in such differentiation of these conditions. CONCLUSIONS The study underlines significant microbial and metabolic alterations in CRA with a novel insight into screening and early intervention of its tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China.
| | - Ruoyao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Zhongxiao Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.1111, XianXia Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Jingxia Wang
- Department of Oncology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ShangHai 200437, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Blake SN, Kortlever TL, Verbrugge SE, van Vuuren AJ, Dekker E, van der Vlugt M, Hugtenburg JG. Stable hemoglobin concentration with fecal immunochemical test at high temperatures in a Caribbean colorectal cancer screening program. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 560:119723. [PMID: 38735515 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS High temperatures may reduce fecal immunochemical test (FIT) positivity and colorectal cancer (CRC) detection sensitivity. We investigated the effect of temperature on hemoglobin concentration [Hb], in the FOB Gold®. Additionally, we examined FIT pick-up, storage, return times and specimen collection. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vitro experiments with buffer containing FIT devices, inoculated with Hb-spiked stool. For 7 days, 144 samples were stored in groups of 36 at 4 °C, 22 °C, 30 °C, and 50 °C. Additionally, 54 samples were stored in groups of 18 at 34 °C, 42 °C and 50 °C for 20 h. Paired t-tests and repeated measure ANOVA assessed [Hb] change. Sixty-five screening participants completed a FIT-handling questionnaire. RESULTS After 7 days, mean [Hb] was stable at 30 °C (0.8 µg Hb/g;95 %CI: -1.5 to 3.1;p = 0.50). For 50 °C, mean [Hb] decreased within 2 days (-21.3 µg Hb/g;95 %CI: -30.2 to -12.5;p < 0.001) and after 20 h (-63.0 µg Hb/g;95 %CI: -88.7 to -37.3;p < 0.001), respectively. All other temperature categories showed significant mean [Hb] increase. Same-day FIT return was reported by 80 %. Eighty-seven percent experienced specimen collection as easy and 33 % kept the FIT refrigerated after collection. CONCLUSIONS The FOB Gold® is suitable for CRC screening in tropical climates. Although most respondents indicated same-day sample return, we recommend avoiding FIT storage above 30 °C for longer than7 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shacara N Blake
- Caribbean Prevention Center - Fundashon Prevenshon, Willemstad, Curaçao; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tim L Kortlever
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sue Ellen Verbrugge
- Analytisch Diagnostisch Centrum NV, Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - Anneke J van Vuuren
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon van der Vlugt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline G Hugtenburg
- Caribbean Prevention Center - Fundashon Prevenshon, Willemstad, Curaçao; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; University of Curaçao, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Willemstad, Curaçao.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fryer E, Martin RM, Haycock P, Yarmolinsky J. Investigating the causal effect of previously reported therapeutic agents for colorectal cancer prevention: protocol for a Mendelian randomization analysis. Wellcome Open Res 2024; 9:30. [PMID: 38911899 PMCID: PMC11190651 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20861.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, with 1.9 million new cases in 2020 and a predicted rise to 3.2 million in 2040. Screening programmes are already in place to aid early detection and secondary prevention of CRC, but the rising prevalence means additional approaches are required in both primary and secondary prevention settings. Preventive therapy, whereby natural or synthetic agents are used to prevent, reverse or delay disease development, could be an effective strategy to further reduce cancer risk and potential agents have already been identified in conventional observational studies. However, as such studies are vulnerable to confounding and reverse causation, we aim to evaluate these observed relationships using Mendelian randomization (MR), an alternative causal inference approach which should be less susceptible to these biases. Methods and analysis We will use two-sample MR, which uses two independent samples for the exposure and outcome data, to investigate previously reported observational associations of multiple potential preventive agents with CRC risk. We define preventive agents as any synthetic (e.g. approved medication) or natural (e.g. micronutrient, endogenous hormone) molecule used to reduce the risk of cancer. We will first extract potential preventive agents that have been previously linked to CRC risk in observational studies from reviews of the literature. We will then evaluate whether we can develop a genetic instrument for each preventive agent from previously published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of direct measures of molecular traits (e.g. circulating levels of protein drug targets, blood-based biomarkers of dietary vitamins). The summary statistics from these GWASs, and a large GWAS of CRC, will be used in two-sample MR analyses to investigate the causal effect of putative preventive therapy agents on CRC risk. Sensitivity analyses will be conducted to evaluate the robustness of findings to potential violations of MR assumptions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Fryer
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Richard M. Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 2BN, UK
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Philip Haycock
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 2BN, UK
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - James Yarmolinsky
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, England, W2 1PG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lu X, Liu J, Feng L, Huang Y, Xu Y, Li C, Wang W, Kan Y, Yang J, Zhang M. BATF promotes tumor progression and association with FDG PET-derived parameters in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:558. [PMID: 38862971 PMCID: PMC11165778 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05367-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to evaluate the expression and function of basic leucine zipper ATF-like transcription factor (BATF) in colorectal cancer (CRC), and its correlation with 2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) parameters. METHODS The TIMER database, GEPIA database, TCGA, and GEO database were used to analyze the expression profile of BATF in human cancers. The reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were used to evaluate the mRNA level and protein expression in different CRC cell lines. The expression of BATF in SW620 and HCT116 cells was silenced and cell counting kit-8 assays and clonogenic assay were utilized to evaluate the role of BATF in CRC proliferation. The expression of tumor BATF and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) were examined using immunohistochemical tools in 37 CRC patients undergoing preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The correlation between the PET/CT parameters and immunohistochemical result was evaluated. RESULTS In database, BATF was highly expressed in pan-cancer analyses, including CRC, and was associated with poor prognosis in CRC. In vitro, the results showed that knocking down of BATF expression could inhibit the proliferation of SW620 and HCT116 cells. In CRC patients, BATF expression was upregulated in tumor tissues compared with matched para-tumoral tissues, and was related with gender and Ki-67 levels. BATF expression was positively related to GLUT-1 expression and PET/CT parameters, including tumor size, maximum standard uptake value, metabolic tumor volume, and total lesion glycolysis. The multiple logistic analyses showed that SUVmax was an independent predictor of BATF expression. With 15.96 g/cm3 as the cutoff, sensitivity was 85.71%, specificity 82.61%, and area-under-the-curve 0.854. CONCLUSION BATF may be an oncogene associated with 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters in CRC. SUVmax may be an independent predictor of BATF expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lijuan Feng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China
| | - Yanfeng Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yin Kan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jigang Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Priego-Parra BA, Triana-Romero A, Inurreta-Vásquez A, Laffitte-García H, Violante-Hernández GA, Jiménez-Rodríguez SS, Martínez-Pérez GP, Meixueiro-Daza A, Grube-Pagola P, Remes-Troche JM. Colorectal cancer screening program implementation: biennial adherence and participation patterns. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2024:S2255-534X(24)00048-3. [PMID: 38862361 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Adherence to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is essential for the effectiveness of screening programs. Even though organized screening programs can improve the quality of the process and adherence, there are still challenges to overcome. The aim of the present study, in which we implemented a biennial organized screening program for CRC, was to describe adherence and participation patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS A longitudinal, descriptive study was conducted, in which a team of trained patient navigators carried out interventions, with reminders via cellphone communication, to follow a cohort of 301 subjects eligible for CRC screening, utilizing a fecal immunochemical test (FIT). All the follow-up subjects received a FIT kit. RESULTS A total of 747 cellphone calls were made and divided into three interventions. From the initial cohort, 126 subjects completed their biennial screening process through the FIT, indicating a consistent adherence rate of 41.8% to our program. The participation patterns were: 126 consistent participants (41.8%), 160 inconsistent participants (53.2%), and 15 participants that were never contacted (5%). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our study underlines the importance of organized screening programs in the early detection of CRC. The implementation of follow-up interventions, through reminders and the training of patient navigators, can improve adherence, but there is a need for examining new strategies, to overcome barriers to communication via cellphone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B A Priego-Parra
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - A Triana-Romero
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - A Inurreta-Vásquez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - H Laffitte-García
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - G A Violante-Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - S S Jiménez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - G P Martínez-Pérez
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - A Meixueiro-Daza
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - P Grube-Pagola
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - J M Remes-Troche
- Departamento de Fisiología y Motilidad Digestiva, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lingam G, Shakir T, Kader R, Chand M. Role of artificial intelligence in colorectal cancer. Artif Intell Gastrointest Endosc 2024; 5:90723. [DOI: 10.37126/aige.v5.i2.90723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The sphere of artificial intelligence (AI) is ever expanding. Applications for clinical practice have been emerging over recent years. Although its uptake has been most prominent in endoscopy, this represents only one aspect of holistic patient care. There are a multitude of other potential avenues in which gastrointestinal care may be involved. We aim to review the role of AI in colorectal cancer as a whole. We performed broad scoping and focused searches of the applications of AI in the field of colorectal cancer. All trials including qualitative research were included from the year 2000 onwards. Studies were grouped into pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative aspects. Pre-operatively, the major use is with endoscopic recognition. Colonoscopy has embraced the use for human derived classifications such as Narrow-band Imaging International Colorectal Endoscopic, Japan Narrow-band Imaging Expert Team, Paris and Kudo. However, novel detection and diagnostic methods have arisen from advances in AI classification. Intra-operatively, adjuncts such as image enhanced identification of structures and assessment of perfusion have led to improvements in clinical outcomes. Post-operatively, monitoring and surveillance have taken strides with potential socioeconomic and environmental savings. The uses of AI within the umbrella of colorectal surgery are multiple. We have identified existing technologies which are already augmenting cancer care. The future applications are exciting and could at least match, if not surpass human standards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gita Lingam
- Department of General Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow CM20 1QX, United Kingdom
| | - Taner Shakir
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University College London, London W1W 7TY, United Kingdom
| | - Rawen Kader
- Department of Gastroenterology, University College London, University College London Hospitals Nhs Foundation Trust, London W1B, United Kingdom
| | - Manish Chand
- Gastroenterological Intervention Centre, University College London, London W1W 7TS, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Luo Y, Zhang G, Hu C, Huang L, Wang D, Chen Z, Wang Y. The Role of Natural Products from Herbal Medicine in TLR4 Signaling for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2024; 29:2727. [PMID: 38930793 PMCID: PMC11206024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway constitutes an intricate network of protein interactions primarily involved in inflammation and cancer. This pathway triggers intracellular signaling cascades, modulating transcription factors that regulate gene expression related to immunity and malignancy. Previous studies showed that colon cancer patients with low TLR4 expression exhibit extended survival times and the TLR4 signaling pathway holds a significant role in CRC pathogenesis. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have garnered substantial attention as an alternative therapeutic modality for CRC, primarily due to their multifaceted composition and ability to target multiple pathways. Emerging evidence indicates that specific TCM products, such as andrographolide, rosmarinic acid, baicalin, etc., have the potential to impede CRC development through the TLR4 signaling pathway. Here, we review the role and biochemical processes of the TLR4 signaling pathway in CRC, and natural products from TCMs affecting the TLR4 pathway. This review sheds light on potential treatment strategies utilizing natural TLR4 inhibitors for CRC, which contributes to the advancement of research and accelerates their clinical integration into CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Guochen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Chao Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China;
| | - Lijun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Zhejie Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen X, Yang M, Zhao W, Tu J, Liu Q, Yuan X. Mendelian randomization unraveled: gender-specific insights into obesity-related phenotypes and colorectal cancer susceptibility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1322253. [PMID: 38904048 PMCID: PMC11187001 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1322253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Evidence has been increasingly pointing towards a potential link between phenotypes related to obesity and the incidence of colorectal cancer. However, confirming this as a direct causal connection remains elusive. This investigation aims to elucidate the causative links between obesity-associated phenotypes and the incidence of colorectal cancer. Methods Employing the Two Sample Mendelian Randomization (TwoSampleMR) R package, analyses were conducted using Mendelian randomization (MR) to discern potential causative links between obesity categories sourced from both the Institute for Education and University (IEU) Open GWAS Project and Zenodo, and colorectal tumors (data obtained from IEU Open GWAS and FinnGen). For primary evaluations, the study utilized the Wald ratio and the Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW) methods, while the MR-Egger approach was integrated for sensitivity assessment. Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (Bidirectional MR), as well as Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) Score Regression with well-imputed HapMap3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), were additionally executed. Sensitivity assessments entailed IVW, MR-Egger methodologies to assess heterogeneity and pleiotropy, along with a leave-one-out strategy. Instrumental variables were chosen judiciously based on predetermined P-value thresholds and F-statistics. Results Results from MR evaluations did not identify a clear causative link between BMI and colorectal malignancy. Conversely, both measures of obesity, the Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) and its adjusted form for BMI (WHRadjBMI), displayed a connection to increased risk of colorectal cancer, especially prominent among female subjects. Reverse MR analyses dismissed potential reverse causality between colorectal malignancies and obesity. A significant genetic interplay was observed between WHR, WHRadjBMI, and colorectal cancer instances. Ensuing MR probes spotlighted inflammatory bowel ailment as a protective factor, while salad intake was indicated as a potential risk concerning colorectal malignancies. Sensitivity reviews, which included tests for both pleiotropy and heterogeneity, validated the robustness of the MR findings. Conclusion Findings from this research indicate that specific obesity-related parameters, notably WHR and WHRadjBMI, carry a causal relationship with an elevated colorectal cancer risk. The impact is distinctly more evident among females. Such insights might be pivotal for public health deliberations, hinting that individuals boasting a high WHR might necessitate intensified colorectal cancer screenings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jingyao Tu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingxu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- *Correspondence: Xianglin Yuan, ; Qingxu Liu, ; Jingyao Tu,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wongseree P, Hasgul Z, Jalali MS. Cost-Effectiveness of Increasing Access to Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis: Analysis From Thailand. Value Health Reg Issues 2024; 43:101010. [PMID: 38848611 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2024.101010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of increasing access to colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis, considering resource limitations in Thailand. METHODS We analyzed the cost-effectiveness of increasing access to fecal immunochemical test screening (strategy I), symptom evaluation (strategy II), and their combination through healthcare and societal perspectives using Colo-Sim, a simulation model of CRC care. We extended our analysis by adding a risk-stratification score (RS) to the strategies. We analyzed all strategies under the currently limited annual colonoscopy capacity and sufficient capacity. We estimated quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and costs over 2023 to 2047 and performed sensitivity analyses. RESULTS Annual costs for CRC care will increase over 25 years in Thailand, resulting in a cumulative cost of 323B Thai baht (THB). Each strategy results in higher QALYs gained and additional costs. With the current colonoscopy capacity and willingness-to-pay threshold of 160 000 THB, strategy I with and without RS is not cost-effective. Strategy II + RS is the most cost-effective, resulting in 0.68 million QALYs gained with additional costs of 66B THB. Under sufficient colonoscopy capacity, all strategies are deemed cost-effective, with the combined approach (strategy I + II + RS) being the most favorable, achieving the highest QALYs (1.55 million) at an additional cost of 131 billion THB. This strategy also maintains the highest probability of being cost-effective at any willingness-to-pay threshold above 96 000 THB. CONCLUSIONS In Thailand, fecal immunochemical test screening, symptom evaluation, and RS use can achieve the highest QALYs; however, boosting colonoscopy capacity is essential for cost-effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peeradon Wongseree
- Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zeynep Hasgul
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohammad S Jalali
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mahdouani M, Zhuri D, Sezginer Guler H, Hmida D, Sana M, Azaza M, Ben Said M, Masmoudi S, Hmila F, Youssef S, Ben Sghaier R, Brieger A, Zeuzem S, Saad A, Gurkan H, Yalcintepe S, Gribaa M, Plotz G. Functional analysis of MMR gene VUS from potential Lynch syndrome patients. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304141. [PMID: 38843250 PMCID: PMC11156341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Lynch syndrome is caused by inactivating variants in DNA mismatch repair genes, namely MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2. We have investigated five MLH1 and one MSH2 variants that we have identified in Turkish and Tunisian colorectal cancer patients. These variants comprised two small deletions causing frameshifts resulting in premature stops which could be classified pathogenic (MLH1 p.(His727Profs*57) and MSH2 p.(Thr788Asnfs*11)), but also two missense variants (MLH1 p.(Asn338Ser) and p.(Gly181Ser)) and two small, in-frame deletion variants (p.(Val647-Leu650del) and p.(Lys678_Cys680del)). For such small coding genetic variants, it is unclear if they are inactivating or not. We here provide clinical description of the variant carriers and their families, and we performed biochemical laboratory testing on the variant proteins to test if their stability or their MMR activity are compromised. Subsequently, we compared the results to in-silico predictions on structure and conservation. We demonstrate that neither missense alteration affected function, while both deletion variants caused a dramatic instability of the MLH1 protein, resulting in MMR deficiency. These results were consistent with the structural analyses that were performed. The study shows that knowledge of protein function may provide molecular explanations of results obtained with functional biochemical testing and can thereby, in conjunction with clinical information, elevate the evidential value and facilitate clinical management in affected families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mahdouani
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Human Reproduction Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Drenushe Zhuri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hazal Sezginer Guler
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Dorra Hmida
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Human Reproduction Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mokni Sana
- Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Azaza
- Department of General Surgery, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Ben Said
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Saber Masmoudi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fahmi Hmila
- Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sabri Youssef
- Department of General Surgery, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Rihab Ben Sghaier
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Human Reproduction Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Angela Brieger
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeuzem
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ali Saad
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Human Reproduction Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hakan Gurkan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Sinem Yalcintepe
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University School of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Moez Gribaa
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics, Molecular Genetics and Human Reproduction Biology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine Ibn El Jazzar of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Guido Plotz
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Krag C, Svane MS, Madsbad S, Graversen SB, Christensen JF, Sørensen TIA, Lehrskov LL, Laurberg T. The impact of surgery and oncological treatment on risk of type 2 diabetes onset in patients with colorectal cancer: nationwide cohort study in Denmark. eLife 2024; 12:RP89354. [PMID: 38829205 PMCID: PMC11147501 DOI: 10.7554/elife.89354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Comorbidity with type 2 diabetes (T2D) results in worsening of cancer-specific and overall prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. The treatment of CRC per se may be diabetogenic. We assessed the impact of different types of surgical cancer resections and oncological treatment on risk of T2D development in CRC patients. Methods We developed a population-based cohort study including all Danish CRC patients, who had undergone CRC surgery between 2001 and 2018. Using nationwide register data, we identified and followed patients from date of surgery and until new onset of T2D, death, or end of follow-up. Results In total, 46,373 CRC patients were included and divided into six groups according to type of surgical resection: 10,566 Right-No-Chemo (23%), 4645 Right-Chemo (10%), 10,151 Left-No-Chemo (22%), 5257 Left-Chemo (11%), 9618 Rectal-No-Chemo (21%), and 6136 Rectal-Chemo (13%). During 245,466 person-years of follow-up, 2556 patients developed T2D. The incidence rate (IR) of T2D was highest in the Left-Chemo group 11.3 (95% CI: 10.4-12.2) per 1000 person-years and lowest in the Rectal-No-Chemo group 9.6 (95% CI: 8.8-10.4). Between-group unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) of developing T2D was similar and non-significant. In the adjusted analysis, Rectal-No-Chemo was associated with lower T2D risk (HR 0.86 [95% CI 0.75-0.98]) compared to Right-No-Chemo.For all six groups, an increased level of body mass index (BMI) resulted in a nearly twofold increased risk of developing T2D. Conclusions This study suggests that postoperative T2D screening should be prioritised in CRC survivors with overweight/obesity regardless of type of CRC treatment applied. Funding The Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF17SA0031406); TrygFonden (101390; 20045; 125132).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Krag
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Saur Svane
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Sten Madsbad
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Frank Christensen
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Lang Lehrskov
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tinne Laurberg
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gonçalves J, Feijó M, Socorro S, Luís Â, Gallardo E, Duarte AP. The Role of Ayahuasca in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Survival, Proliferation and Oxidative Stress. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:719. [PMID: 38931386 PMCID: PMC11207024 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The psychedelic beverage ayahuasca is originally obtained by Banisteriopsis caapi (B. caapi) (BC) and Psychotria viridis (P. viridis) (PV). However, sometimes these plant species are replaced by others that mimic the original effects, such as Mimosa hostilis (M. hostilis) (MH) and Peganum harmala (P. harmala) (PH). Its worldwide consumption and the number of studies on its potential therapeutic effects has increased. This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer properties of ayahuasca in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Thus, the maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of decoctions of MH, PH, and a mixture of these (MHPH) was determined. The activities of caspases 3 and 9 were evaluated, and the cell proliferation index was determined through immunocytochemical analysis (Ki-67). Two fluorescent probes were used to evaluate the production of oxidative stress and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was also evaluated. It was demonstrated that exposure to the extracts significantly induced apoptosis in Caco-2 cells, while decreasing cell proliferation. MH and MHPH samples significantly reduced oxidative stress and significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity. No significant differences were found in SOD activity. Overall, it was demonstrated that the decoctions have a potential anticancer activity in Caco-2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gonçalves
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Mariana Feijó
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
| | - Sílvia Socorro
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
| | - Ângelo Luís
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Gallardo
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Duarte
- Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (J.G.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (E.G.); (A.P.D.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Salvà F, Saoudi N, Rodríguez M, Baraibar I, Ros J, García A, Tabernero J, Elez E. Determinants of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer With Permanent Liver- Limited Disease. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2024:S1533-0028(24)00055-0. [PMID: 38981843 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex and genetically heterogeneous disease presenting a specific metastatic pattern, with the liver being the most common site of metastasis. Around 20%-25% of patients with CRC will develop exclusively hepatic metastatic disease throughout their disease history. With its specific characteristics and therapeutic options, liver-limited disease (LLD) should be considered as a specific entity. The identification of these patients is particularly relevant in view of the growing interest in liver transplantation in selected patients with advanced CRC. Identifying why some patients will develop only LLD remains a challenge, mainly because of a lack of a systemic understanding of this complex and interlinked phenomenon given that cancer has traditionally been investigated according to distinct physiological compartments. Recently, multidisciplinary efforts and new diagnostic tools have made it possible to study some of these complex issues in greater depth and may help identify targets and specific treatment strategies to benefit these patients. In this review we analyze the underlying biology and available tools to help clinicians better understand this increasingly common and specific disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Salvà
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Nadia Saoudi
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iosune Baraibar
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Ros
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariadna García
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Elez
- Medical Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall D'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Martinez ME, Schmeler KM, Lajous M, Newman LA. Cancer Screening in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2024; 44:e431272. [PMID: 38843475 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_431272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The worldwide cancer burden is growing, and populations residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are experiencing a disproportionate extent of this growth. Breast, colorectal, and cervical cancers are among the top 10 most frequently diagnosed malignancies, and they also account for a substantial degree of cancer mortality internationally. Effective screening strategies are available for all three of these cancers. Individuals from LMICs face substantial cost and access barriers to early detection programs, and late stage at diagnosis continues to be a major cause for cancer mortality in these communities. This chapter will review the epidemiology of breast, colorectal, and cervical cancers, and will explore prospects for improving global control through novel approaches to screening in cost-constrained environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Martinez
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kathleen M Schmeler
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Martin Lajous
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lisa A Newman
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lan N, Su Y, Zeng Q, Zhou P, Hu Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Liu K. JD-02, a novel Hsp90 inhibitor, induces ROS/SRC axis-dependent cytoprotective autophagy in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2024; 63:1038-1050. [PMID: 38411361 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a tumor marker that accelerates cancer growth by disrupting protein homeostasis. However, concerns such as low clinical efficacy and drug resistance continue to be obstacles to the successful marketing of Hsp90 inhibitors. The cytoprotective function of autophagy has been identified as one of the mechanisms by which tumor cells gain resistance to chemotherapy. JD-02 was identified as a new Hsp90 inhibitor that suppressed colorectal cancer (CRC) growth by lowering client protein levels in vivo and in vitro. We found that JD-02 increased cellular autophagy, which inhibited apoptosis. JD-02 enhanced cytoprotective autophagy and regulated apoptotic suppression by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species and inhibiting SRC protein levels, as demonstrated by quantitative proteomics, bioinformatic analysis, western blotting, and flow cytometry. This effect was reversed by autophagy inhibition. Therefore, due to the synergistic effects of Hsp90 and autophagy inhibitors in efficiently activating apoptotic pathways, they could potentially serve as promising therapeutic options for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Su
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongzhen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengjun Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuze Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaisheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Du J, Zhang T, Wang L, Zhang H, Yi W. Efficacy and safety of salvage endoscopy in the treatment of residual or recurrent colorectal neoplasia after endoscopic resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:3027-3034. [PMID: 38744694 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-10879-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy and safety of salvage endoscopy for residual or recurrence of colorectal tumors after endoscopic resection. METHODS Multiple databases including PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched to screen for eligible studies and perform data extraction and pooled analysis. RESULTS Sixteen studies on salvage endoscopy for residual or recurrent colorectal cancer after endoscopic resection were included, covering approximately 994 patients. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that salvage endoscopic therapy for residual or recurrent colorectal tumors following endoscopic resection achieved an en bloc resection rate of 92% (95% CI 0.85-0.97; I2 = 91%) and an R0 resection rate of 82% (95% CI 0.75-0.87; I2 = 78%). The rates of intraoperative or postoperative bleeding and perforation were 10%/1% and 5%/2%, and the recurrence rate was 2%. CONCLUSIONS Salvage endoscopic resection is an effective and safe treatment strategy for residual or recurrent colorectal tumors after endoscopic resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenquan Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Meishan City People's Hospital, Meishan, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|