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Haque MA, Nath ND, Johnston TV, Haruna S, Ahn J, Ovissipour R, Ku S. Harnessing biotechnology for penicillin production: Opportunities and environmental considerations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174236. [PMID: 38942308 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Since the discovery of antibiotics, penicillin has remained the top choice in clinical medicine. With continuous advancements in biotechnology, penicillin production has become cost-effective and efficient. Genetic engineering techniques have been employed to enhance biosynthetic pathways, leading to the production of new penicillin derivatives with improved properties and increased efficacy against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Advances in bioreactor design, media formulation, and process optimization have contributed to higher yields, reduced production costs, and increased penicillin accessibility. While biotechnological advances have clearly benefited the global production of this life-saving drug, they have also created challenges in terms of waste management. Production fermentation broths from industries contain residual antibiotics, by-products, and other contaminants that pose direct environmental threats, while increased global consumption intensifies the risk of antimicrobial resistance in both the environment and living organisms. The current geographical and spatial distribution of antibiotic and penicillin consumption dramatically reveals a worldwide threat. These challenges are being addressed through the development of novel waste management techniques. Efforts are aimed at both upstream and downstream processing of antibiotic and penicillin production to minimize costs and improve yield efficiency while lowering the overall environmental impact. Yield optimization using artificial intelligence (AI), along with biological and chemical treatment of waste, is also being explored to reduce adverse impacts. The implementation of strict regulatory frameworks and guidelines is also essential to ensure proper management and disposal of penicillin production waste. This review is novel because it explores the key remaining challenges in antibiotic development, the scope of machine learning tools such as Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) in modern biotechnology-driven production, improved waste management for antibiotics, discovering alternative path to reducing antibiotic use in agriculture through alternative meat production, addressing current practices, and offering effective recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ariful Haque
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
| | - Nirmalendu Deb Nath
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA.
| | - Tony Vaughn Johnston
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA.
| | - Samuel Haruna
- Fermentation Science Program, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, USA.
| | - Jaehyun Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
| | - Reza Ovissipour
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
| | - Seockmo Ku
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
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Neculai-Valeanu AS, Ariton AM, Radu C, Porosnicu I, Sanduleanu C, Amariții G. From Herd Health to Public Health: Digital Tools for Combating Antibiotic Resistance in Dairy Farms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:634. [PMID: 39061316 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13070634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant threat to global food security, human health, and the future of livestock production. Higher rates of antimicrobial use in dairy farming and the sheer lack of new antimicrobials available for use focused attention on the question of how the dairy production sector contributed to the development of AMR and paved the path toward taking action to curtail it on the targeted type of farms. This paper aims to provide an introduction to a phenomenon that has gained considerable attention in the recent past due to its ever-increasing impact, the use of antimicrobial drugs, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on dairy farms, and seeks to discuss the possibilities of approaches such as digital health monitoring and precision livestock farming. Using sensors, data, knowledge, automation, etc., digital health monitoring, as well as Precision Livestock Farming (PLF), is expected to enhance health control and minimize disease and antimicrobial usage. The work presents a literature review on the current status and trends of AMR in dairy farms, an understanding of the concept of digital health monitoring and PLF, and the presentation and usefulness of digital health monitoring and PLF in preventing AMR. The study also analyses the strengths and weaknesses of adopting and incorporating digital technologies and artificial intelligence for dairy farming and presents areas for further study and level of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra-Sabina Neculai-Valeanu
- Research and Development Station for Cattle Breeding Dancu, 707252 Iasi, Romania
- The Academy of Romanian Scientists, Str. Ilfov No. 3, Sector 5, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adina-Mirela Ariton
- Research and Development Station for Cattle Breeding Dancu, 707252 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Radu
- Research and Development Station for Cattle Breeding Dancu, 707252 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana Porosnicu
- Research and Development Station for Cattle Breeding Dancu, 707252 Iasi, Romania
- The Academy of Romanian Scientists, Str. Ilfov No. 3, Sector 5, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Iasi University of Life Science, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Catalina Sanduleanu
- Research and Development Station for Cattle Breeding Dancu, 707252 Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Food and Animal Resources, Iasi University of Life Science, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Amariții
- Research and Development Station for Cattle Breeding Dancu, 707252 Iasi, Romania
- Faculty of Food and Animal Resources, Iasi University of Life Science, 700490 Iasi, Romania
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3
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Qadeer A, Khan A, Khan NM, Wajid A, Ullah K, Skalickova S, Chilala P, Slama P, Horky P, Alqahtani MS, Alreshidi MA. Use of nanotechnology-based nanomaterial as a substitute for antibiotics in monogastric animals. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31728. [PMID: 38845989 PMCID: PMC11153202 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising solution for tackling antibiotic resistance in monogastric animals, providing innovative methods to enhance animal health and well-being. This review explores the novel use of nanotechnology-based nanomaterials as substitutes for antibiotics in monogastric animals. With growing global concerns about antibiotic resistance and the need for sustainable practices in animal husbandry, nanotechnology offers a compelling avenue to address these challenges. The objectives of this review are to find out the potential of nanomaterials in improving animal health while reducing reliance on conventional antibiotics. We examine various forms of nanomaterials and their roles in promoting gut health and also emphasize fresh perspectives brought by integrating nanotechnology into animal healthcare. Additionally, we delve into the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial properties of nanomaterials and their effectiveness in combating microbial resistance. By shedding light on the transformative role of nanotechnology in animal production systems. This review contributes to our understanding of how nanotechnology can provide safer and more sustainable alternatives to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadeer
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aamir Khan
- Livestock and Dairy Development (Extension), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Noor Muhammad Khan
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Abdul Wajid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Ullah
- Livestock and Dairy Development (Extension), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pompido Chilala
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 RH, UK
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Ramkumar D, Marty A, Ramkumar J, Rosencranz H, Vedantham R, Goldman M, Meyer E, Steinmetz J, Weckle A, Bloedorn K, Rosier C. Food for thought: Making the case for food produced via regenerative agriculture in the battle against non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs). One Health 2024; 18:100734. [PMID: 38711478 PMCID: PMC11070632 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) pose a global health challenge, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic strain. Our review underscores the escalating incidence of NCDs worldwide and highlights the potential of regenerative agriculture (RA) products in mitigating these diseases. We also explore the efficacy of dietary interventions in NCD management and prevention, emphasizing the superiority of plant-based diets over those high in processed foods and red meat. Examining the role of the gut microbiome in various diseases, including liver disorders, allergies, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer, we find compelling evidence implicating its influence on disease development. Notably, dietary modifications can positively affect the gut microbiome, fostering a symbiotic relationship with the host and making this a critical strategy in disease prevention and treatment. Investigating agricultural practices, we identify parallels between soil/plant and human microbiome studies, suggesting a crucial link between soil health, plant- and animal-derived food quality, and human well-being. Conventional/Industrial agriculture (IA) practices, characterized in part by use of chemical inputs, have adverse effects on soil microbiome diversity, food quality, and ecosystems. In contrast, RA prioritizes soil health through natural processes, and includes avoiding synthetic inputs, crop rotation, and integrating livestock. Emerging evidence suggests that food from RA systems surpasses IA-produced food in quality and nutritional value. Recognizing the interconnection between human, plant, and soil microbiomes, promoting RA-produced foods emerges as a strategy to improve human health and environmental sustainability. By mitigating climate change impacts through carbon sequestration and water cycling, RA offers dual benefits for human and planetary health and well-being. Emphasizing the pivotal role of diet and agricultural practices in combating NCDs and addressing environmental concerns, the adoption of regional RA systems becomes imperative. Increasing RA integration into local food systems can enhance food quality, availability, and affordability while safeguarding human health and the planet's future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davendra Ramkumar
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Aileen Marty
- Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Japhia Ramkumar
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Holly Rosencranz
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Radhika Vedantham
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Modan Goldman
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, 506 South Matthews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Erin Meyer
- Basil's Harvest, 227 W Monroe St, Suite 2100, Chicago, IL 60606, USA
| | - Jasia Steinmetz
- University of Wisconsin – Stevens Point 202 College of Professional Studies, Stevens Point, WI 54481-3897, USA
| | - Amy Weckle
- Illinois Water Resources Center, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Natural Resources Building 615 E. Peabody Dr Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Kelly Bloedorn
- Basil's Harvest, 227 W Monroe St, Suite 2100, Chicago, IL 60606, USA
| | - Carl Rosier
- Basil's Harvest, 227 W Monroe St, Suite 2100, Chicago, IL 60606, USA
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5
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Hou L, Fu Y, Zhao C, Fan L, Hu H, Yin S. The research progress on the impact of antibiotics on the male reproductive system. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108670. [PMID: 38669720 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics are extensively utilized in the livestock and poultry industry and can accumulate in animals and the environment, leading to potential health risks for humans via food and water consumption. Research on antibiotic toxicity, particularly their impact as endocrine disruptors on the male reproductive system, is still in its nascent stages. This review highlights the toxic effect of antibiotics on the male reproductive system, detailing the common routes of exposure and the detrimental impact and mechanisms of various antibiotic classes. Additionally, it discusses the protective role of food-derived active substances against the reproductive toxicity induced by antibiotics. This review aims to raise awareness about the reproductive toxicity of antibiotics in males and to outline the challenges that must be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirui Hou
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuhan Fu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lihong Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Yunamingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shutao Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China.
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6
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Jenkins JA, Draugelis-Dale RO, Hoffpauir NM, Baudoin BA, Matkin C, Driver L, Hodges S, Brown BL. Flow cytometric assessments of metabolic activity in bacterial assemblages provide insight into ecosystem condition along the Buffalo National River, Arkansas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:170462. [PMID: 38311076 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The Buffalo National River (BNR), on karst terrain in Arkansas, is considered an extraordinary water resource. Water collected in Spring 2017 along BNR was metagenomically analyzed using 16S rDNA, and for 17 months (5/2017-11/2018), bacterial responses were measured in relation to nutrients sampled along a stretch of BNR near a concentrated animal feed operation (CAFO) on Big Creek. Because cell count and esterase activity can increase proportionally with organic enrichment, they were hypothesized to be elevated near the CAFO. Counts (colony forming units; CFUs) were different among sites for 73 % of the months; Big Creek generated highest CFUs 27 % of the time, with the closest downstream site at 13.3 %. Esterase activity was different among sites 94 % of the time, with Big Creek exhibiting lowest activity 71 % of the time. Over the months, activity was similar across sites at ~70 % active, except at Big Creek (56 %). The α-diversity of BNR microbial consortia near a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and the CAFO was related to distance from the WWTP and CAFO. The inverse relationship between high CFUs and low esterase activity at Big Creek (r = -0.71) actuated in vitro exposures of bacteria to organic wastewater contaminants (OWC) previously identified in the watershed. Exponential-phase Escherichia coli (stock strain), Streptococcus suis (avirulent, from swine), and S. dysgalactiae (virulent, from silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) were incubated with atrazine, pharmaceuticals (17 α-ethynylestradiol and trenbolone), and antimicrobials (tylosin and butylparaben). Bacteria were differentially responsive. Activity varied with exposure time and OWC type, but not concentration; atrazine decreased it most. Taken together - the metagenomic taxonomic similarities along BNR, slightly higher bacterial growth and lower bacterial esterase at the CAFO, and the lab exposures of bacterial strains showing that OWC altered metabolism - the results indicated that bioactive OWC entering the watershed can strongly influence microbial processes in the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Jenkins
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, USA.
| | - Rassa O Draugelis-Dale
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
| | - Nina M Hoffpauir
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
| | - Brooke A Baudoin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
| | - Caroline Matkin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 700 Cajundome Blvd., Lafayette, LA 70506, USA.
| | - Lucas Driver
- U.S. Geological Survey, Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center, 401 Hardin Rd., Little Rock, AR 72211, USA.
| | - Shawn Hodges
- Buffalo National River, National Park Service, 402 N. Walnut St., Harrison, AR 72601, USA.
| | - Bonnie L Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 105 Main St., Durham, NH 03824, USA.
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Meyer C, Price S, Ercumen A. Do animal husbandry operations contaminate groundwater sources with antimicrobial resistance: systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16164-16176. [PMID: 38321277 PMCID: PMC10894137 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31899-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health concern. Animal husbandry operations are AMR hotspots due to heavy antibiotic use and dissemination of animal waste into the environment. In this systematic review, we examined the impact of swine, poultry, and cattle operations on AMR in groundwater. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, CAB Direct, and the North Carolina State University Agricultural and Environmental Science databases in June 2022. The search returned 2487 studies. Of the 23 eligible studies, 17 were conducted in high-income countries (primarily the USA, also Canada, Saudi Arabia, Cyprus), and 6 were conducted in a single upper-middle-income country (China). Studies investigated facilities for swine (13), poultry (4), cattle (3), and multiple types of animals (3). The sampling distance ranged from onsite to > 20 km from facilities; the majority of studies (19) sampled onsite. Most studies collected samples from monitoring wells; only 5 studies investigated private drinking water wells. AMR in groundwater was associated with animal husbandry operations in 74% (17/23) of all studies, 65% (11/17) of studies in high-income countries, and 100% (6/6) of studies in China. Contamination was mostly found in onsite wells, especially downgradient of waste lagoons, but also in offsite private wells up to 2-3 km away. Few studies reported weather data, but AMR contamination appeared to increase with rainy conditions. Future studies should sample private wells at varying distances from animal husbandry operations under different weather conditions and include low- and middle-income countries where food animal production is intensifying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Meyer
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, 2800 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA.
| | - Skyler Price
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, 2800 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Ayse Ercumen
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, 2800 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
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Kalu CM, Mudau KL, Masindi V, Ijoma GN, Tekere M. Occurrences and implications of pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in different stages of drinking water treatment plants and distribution systems. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26380. [PMID: 38434035 PMCID: PMC10906316 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Different stages of drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) play specific roles in diverse contaminants' removal present in natural water sources. Although the stages are recorded to promote adequate treatment of water, the occurrence of pathogenic bacteria (PB) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in the treated water and the changes in their diversity and abundance as it passed down to the end users through the drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs), is a great concern, especially to human health. This could imply that the different stages and the distribution system provide a good microenvironment for their growth. Hence, it becomes pertinent to constantly monitor and document the diversity of PB and ARB present at each stage of the treatment and distribution system. This review aimed at documenting the occurrence of PB and ARB at different stages of treatment and distribution systems as well as the implication of their occurrence globally. An exhaustive literature search from Web of Science, Science-Direct database, Google Scholar, Academic Research Databases like the National Center for Biotechnology Information, Scopus, and SpringerLink was done. The obtained information showed that the different treatment stages and distribution systems influence the PB and ARB that proliferate. To minimize the human health risks associated with the occurrence of these PB, the present review, suggests the development of advanced technologies that can promote quick monitoring of PB/ARB at each treatment stage and distribution system as well as reduction of the cost of environomics analysis to promote better microbial analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chimdi M. Kalu
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, 1710, South Africa
| | - Khuthadzo L. Mudau
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, 1710, South Africa
| | - Vhahangwele Masindi
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, 1710, South Africa
- Magalies Water, Scientific Services, Research & Development Division, Brits, South Africa
| | - Grace N. Ijoma
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, 1710, South Africa
| | - Memory Tekere
- Department of Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida, 1710, South Africa
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Gigot C, Lowman A, Ceryes CA, Hall DJ, Heaney CD. Industrial Hog Operation Workers' Perspectives on Occupational Exposure to Zoonotic Pathogens: A Qualitative Pilot Study in North Carolina, USA. New Solut 2024; 33:209-219. [PMID: 38062664 DOI: 10.1177/10482911231217055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Industrial hog operation (IHO) workers face a range of occupational hazards, including exposure to zoonotic pathogens such as livestock-associated antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and swine-origin influenza viruses with epidemic or pandemic potential. To better understand this population's occupational exposure to zoonotic pathogens, we conducted a community-driven qualitative research study in eastern North Carolina. We completed in-depth interviews with ten IHO workers and used thematic analysis to identify and analyze patterns of responses. Workers described direct and indirect occupational contact with hogs, with accompanying potential for dermal, ingestion, and inhalation exposures to zoonotic pathogens. Workers also described potential take-home pathways, wherein they could transfer livestock-associated pathogens and other contaminants from IHOs to their families and communities. Findings warrant future research, and suggest that more restrictive policies on antimicrobials, stronger health and safety regulations, and better policies and practices across all IHOs could afford greater protection against worker and take-home zoonotic pathogen exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Gigot
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy Lowman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Caitlin A Ceryes
- Department of Health Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, USA
| | - Devon J Hall
- Rural Empowerment Association for Community Help, Warsaw, NC, USA
| | - Christopher D Heaney
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Community Science and Innovation for Environmental Justice Initiative, Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MA, USA
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10
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Quaade S, Casey JA, Nachman KE, Tartof SY, Ho DE. Limitations of Reporting Requirements under California's Livestock Antimicrobial Restriction Law. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:25001. [PMID: 38415616 PMCID: PMC10901107 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial use in livestock production is considered a key contributor to growing antimicrobial resistance in bacteria. In 2015, California became the first state to enact restrictions on routine antimicrobial use in livestock production via Senate Bill 27 (SB27). SB27 further required the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) to collect and disseminate data on antimicrobial use in livestock production. OBJECTIVE The goal of this report is to assess whether CDFA's data release allows us to evaluate how antimicrobial use changed after the implementation of SB27. METHODS We combine the CDFA data with feed drug concentration ranges from the Code of Federal Regulation to evaluate the spread of plausible antimicrobial use trends. We also estimate antimicrobial consumption rates using data from the National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS) and compare these to changes in medicated feed production reported by the CDFA. DISCUSSION We show that CDFA's reported data are insufficient to reliably estimate whether antimicrobial usage has increased or decreased, most notably because no information is provided about the mass of antimicrobials approved for use or medicated feed drug concentrations. After incorporating additional external data on feed drug concentrations, one can at best provide uninformative bounds on the effect of SB27. We find some evidence that antimicrobial use has decreased by incorporating data on national sales of antimicrobials for food-producing animals, but the weakness of this inference underlines the need for improved data collection and dissemination, especially as other states seek to implement similar policies. We provide recommendations on how to improve reporting and data collection under SB27. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13702.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Quaade
- Stanford Law School, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Joan A Casey
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Keeve E Nachman
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sara Y Tartof
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Daniel E Ho
- Stanford Law School, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Political Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Regulation, Evaluation, and Governance Lab, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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11
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Memesh R, Yasir M, Ledder RG, Zowawi H, McBain AJ, Azhar EI. An update on the prevalence of colistin and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in aquaculture: an emerging threat to public health. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxad288. [PMID: 38059867 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture has been recognized as a hotspot for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance genes conferring resistance to clinically important antibiotics. This review gives insights into studies investigating the prevalence of colistin and carbapenem resistance (CCR) among Gram-negative bacilli in aquaculture. Overall, a high incidence of CCR has been reported in aquatic farms in several countries, with CCR being more prevalent among opportunistic human pathogens such as Acinetobacter nosocomialis, Shewanella algae, Photobacterium damselae, Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., as well as members of Enterobacteriaceae family. A high proportion of isolates in these studies exhibited wide-spectrum profiles of antimicrobial resistance, highlighting their multidrug-resistance properties (MDR). Several mobile colistin resistance genes (including, mcr-1, mcr-1.1, mcr-2, mcr-2.1, mcr-3, mcr-3.1, mcr-4.1, mcr-4.3, mcr-5.1, mcr-6.1, mcr-7.1, mcr-8.1, and mcr-10.1) and carbapenemase encoding genes (including, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-55, blaNDM, blaKPC, blaIMI, blaAIM, blaVIM, and blaIMP) have been detected in aquatic farms in different countries. The majority of these were carried on MDR Incompatibility (Inc) plasmids including IncA/C, and IncX4, which have been associated with a wide host range of different sources. Thus, there is a risk for the possible spread of resistance genes between fish, their environments, and humans. These findings highlight the need to monitor and regulate the usage of antimicrobials in aquaculture. A multisectoral and transdisciplinary (One Health) approach is urgently needed to reduce the spread of resistant bacteria and/or resistance genes originating in aquaculture and avoid their global reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roa Memesh
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruth G Ledder
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hosam Zowawi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew J McBain
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Esam I Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center and Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Hill MS, Gilbert JA. Microbiology of the built environment: harnessing human-associated built environment research to inform the study and design of animal nests and enclosures. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2023; 87:e0012121. [PMID: 38047636 PMCID: PMC10732082 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00121-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYOver the past decade, hundreds of studies have characterized the microbial communities found in human-associated built environments (BEs). These have focused primarily on how the design and use of our built spaces have shaped human-microbe interactions and how the differential selection of certain taxa or genetic traits has influenced health outcomes. It is now known that the more removed humans are from the natural environment, the greater the risk for the development of autoimmune and allergic diseases, and that indoor spaces can be harsh, selective environments that can increase the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant and virulent phenotypes in surface-bound communities. However, despite the abundance of research that now points to the importance of BEs in determining human-microbe interactions, only a fraction of non-human animal structures have been comparatively explored. It is here, in the context of human-associated BE research, that we consider the microbial ecology of animal-built natural nests and burrows, as well as artificial enclosures, and point to areas of primary interest for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S. Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jack A. Gilbert
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
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13
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Givens CE, Kolpin DW, Hubbard LE, Meppelink SM, Cwiertny DM, Thompson DA, Lane RF, Wilson MC. Simultaneous stream assessment of antibiotics, bacteria, antibiotic resistant bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes in an agricultural region of the United States. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166753. [PMID: 37673265 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now recognized as a leading global threat to human health. Nevertheless, there currently is a limited understanding of the environment's role in the spread of AMR and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In 2019, the U.S. Geological Survey conducted the first statewide assessment of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and ARGs in surface water and bed sediment collected from 34 stream locations across Iowa. Environmental samples were analyzed for a suite of 29 antibiotics and plated on selective media for 15 types of bacteria growth; DNA was extracted from culture growth and used in downstream polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for the detection of 24 ARGs. ARGs encoding resistance to antibiotics of clinical importance to human health and disease prevention were prioritized as their presence in stream systems has the potential for environmental significance. Total coliforms, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and staphylococci were nearly ubiquitous in both stream water and stream bed sediment samples, with enterococci present in 97 % of water samples, and Salmonella spp. growth present in 94 % and 67 % of water and bed sediment samples. Bacteria enumerations indicate that high bacteria loads are common in Iowa's streams, with 23 (68 %) streams exceeding state guidelines for primary contact for E. coli in recreational waters and 6 (18 %) streams exceeding the secondary contact advisory level. Although antibiotic-resistant E. coli growth was detected from 40 % of water samples, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and penicillinase-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colony growth was detected from nearly all water samples. A total of 14 different ARGs were detected from viable bacteria cells from 30 Iowa streams (88 %, n = 34). Study results provide the first baseline understanding of the prevalence of ARB and ARGs throughout Iowa's waterways and health risk potential for humans, wildlife, and livestock using these waterways for drinking, irrigating, or recreating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie E Givens
- U.S. Geological Survey, 5840 Enterprise Drive, Lansing, MI 48911, USA.
| | - Dana W Kolpin
- U.S. Geological Survey, 400 S. Clinton Street, Iowa City, Iowa 52240, USA
| | - Laura E Hubbard
- U.S. Geological Survey, 1 Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | | | - David M Cwiertny
- University of Iowa Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination, The University of Iowa, 251 North Capitol Street, Chemistry Building - Room W195, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Darrin A Thompson
- University of Iowa Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination, The University of Iowa, 251 North Capitol Street, Chemistry Building - Room W195, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - Rachael F Lane
- U.S. Geological Survey, 1217 Biltmore Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66049, USA
| | - Michaelah C Wilson
- U.S. Geological Survey, 1217 Biltmore Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66049, USA
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14
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Ardakani Z, Canali M, Aragrande M, Tomassone L, Simoes M, Balzani A, Beber CL. Evaluating the contribution of antimicrobial use in farmed animals to global antimicrobial resistance in humans. One Health 2023; 17:100647. [PMID: 38024271 PMCID: PMC10665205 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2023.100647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently regarded by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the most significant risks to global public health. The most critical causes of AMR infections in humans are the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans and farmed animals. The rising global demand for food of animal origin encourages the increase of animal production worldwide, especially in developing countries. Simultaneously, current farming practices often extensively use antimicrobials on animals, influencing bacterial AMR incidence. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between antimicrobial use (AMU) in farmed animals and the detection of AMR infections in humans, the effects of enforcing laws in animal farming in a country on AMR situation in the neighbors, and the potential of AMR to spread from one country to another. Using data from 30 largest animal-producing countries in different regions of the world, between 2010 and 2020, and a Spatial Durbin Model (SDM), we found that AMU in farmed animals increases AMR in humans and there is a spatial dependence between countries regarding AMR spreading. Such findings indicate that a globally coordinated strategy regulating AMU on farmed animals may reduce AMR emergence and worldwide spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ardakani
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Canali
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Maurizio Aragrande
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Tomassone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Margarida Simoes
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Evora, Portugal
| | - Agnese Balzani
- Animals in Farming Programme, World Animal Protection, United Kingdom
| | - Caetano Luiz Beber
- Department of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Bologna, Italy
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15
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Gizaw F, Kekeba T, Teshome F, Kebede M, Abreham T, Berhe HH, Ayana D, Edao BM, Waktole H, Tufa TB, Abunna F, Beyi AF, Abdi RD. Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Thrive in Dairy and Beef Production, Processing, and Supply Lines in Five Geographical Areas in Ethiopia. Vet Sci 2023; 10:663. [PMID: 38133214 PMCID: PMC10747641 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10120663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Livestock, farms, abattoirs, and food supply systems can become the source of foodborne pathogens, including S. aureus, in the absence of monitoring, general hygienic practices, and control. Studies are scarce on reservoirs (hiding places) and routes of entry of S. aureus into the food supply chain in Ethiopia. To fill these gaps, we evaluated the role of cows (milk), meat, equipment, and food handlers on the abundance and AMR of S. aureus in five geographical areas in central Oromia, Ethiopia. We isolated S. aureus from 10 different ecologies per area in 5 areas and tested their sensitivity to 14 antimicrobials of 9 different classes. We ranked the 5 areas and 10 ecologies by computing their multiple AMR index (MARI) at a cut-off value of 0.2 to determine 'high-risk' ecologies for AMR. We recorded as MDR if an isolate had resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes. We used a circos diagram to analyze if isolates with identical AMR patterns were shared between different ecologies. S. aureus is prevalent in central Oromia (16.1-18.3%), higher in dairy farms than in abattoirs, and varied among 10 ecologies (p < 0.001) but not among 5 areas (p > 0.05). Of the 92 isolates, 94.6% were penicillin-resistant. Their AMR prevalence was above 40% for 9 of 14 antimicrobials. All isolates (100%) had AMR in at least one antimicrobial class (range = 1-9; median = 5), indicating MDR was prevalent. The prevalence of MDR S. aureus varied (p < 0.05) among areas and 10 ecologies; the highest was in slaughter lines. All isolates had a MARI of >0.2, indicating drug overuse, and S. aureus's AMR burden is high in central Oromia. Dairy farms had higher MARI values (0.44) than abattoirs (0.39). Of 10 ecologies, the highest and lowest MARI values were in the beef supply chain, i.e., slaughter line (0.67) and butcher's hand (0.25). Of the 68 different AMR patterns by 92 isolates against 14 antimicrobials, 53 patterns (77.9%) were unique to individual isolates, indicating they were phenotypically dissimilar. MDR S. aureus was widespread in central Oromia in dairy and meat supply chains, contaminating milk, meat, equipment, and workers in farm and abattoir settings. In the absence of strict regulations and interventions, MDR S. aureus can be disseminated from these epicenters to the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikru Gizaw
- School of Veterinary Science, Arsi University, Assella P.O. Box 193, Ethiopia;
| | - Tolera Kekeba
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Fikadu Teshome
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Matewos Kebede
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Tekeste Abreham
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Halefom Hishe Berhe
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Dinka Ayana
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Bedaso Mammo Edao
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Hika Waktole
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Takele Beyene Tufa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Fufa Abunna
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia; (T.K.); (F.T.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (H.H.B.); (D.A.); (B.M.E.); (H.W.); (T.B.T.); (F.A.)
| | - Ashenafi Feyisa Beyi
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Reta Duguma Abdi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Greenvale, NY 11548, USA
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16
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Ju Z, Cui L, Lei C, Song M, Chen X, Liao Z, Zhang T, Wang H. Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Isolated from Breeder Poultry Farm Sources in China, 2020-2021. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1642. [PMID: 37998844 PMCID: PMC10669045 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-typhoidal salmonellosis is a dangerous foodborne disease that causes enormous economic loss and threatens public health worldwide. The consumption of food, especially poultry or poultry products, contaminated with non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is the main cause of human salmonellosis. To date, no research has identified the molecular epidemiological characteristics of NTS strains isolated from breeder chicken farms in different provinces of China. In our study, we investigated the antimicrobial resistance, phylogenetic relationships, presence of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes, and plasmids of NTS isolates recovered from breeder chicken farms in five provinces of China between 2020 and 2021 by using a whole-genome sequencing (WGS) approach and phenotypic methods. All sequenced isolates belonged to six serovars with seven sequence types. Nearly half of the isolates (44.87%) showed phenotypic resistance to at least three classes of antimicrobials. Salmonella enterica serotype Kentucky harbored more antimicrobial resistance genes than the others, which was highly consistent with phenotypic resistance. Furthermore, the carried rate of 104 out of 135 detected virulence genes was 100%. Overall, our WGS results highlight the need for the continuous monitoring of, and additional studies on, the antimicrobial resistance of NTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing Ju
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610017, China; (Z.J.); (C.L.); (X.C.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lulu Cui
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Changwei Lei
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610017, China; (Z.J.); (C.L.); (X.C.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Mengze Song
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China; (L.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Xuan Chen
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610017, China; (Z.J.); (C.L.); (X.C.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ziwei Liao
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610017, China; (Z.J.); (C.L.); (X.C.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610017, China; (Z.J.); (C.L.); (X.C.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hongning Wang
- Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610017, China; (Z.J.); (C.L.); (X.C.); (Z.L.); (T.Z.)
- Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China
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17
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Guenin MJ, Studnitz M, Molia S. Interventions to change antimicrobial use in livestock: A scoping review and an impact pathway analysis of what works, how, for whom and why. Prev Vet Med 2023; 220:106025. [PMID: 37776605 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health threat responsible for 700,000 deaths per year worldwide. Antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock contributes to AMR in animal and public health. Therefore, it is essential to implement effective interventions towards better AMU in livestock. However, there is a lack of evidence to inform decision-makers of what works, how, for whom and why and how effective interventions can be adapted to different contexts. We conducted a scoping review and an impact pathway analysis to systematically map the research done in this area and to inform evidence-based and context-appropriate policies. We followed the PRISMA-ScR requirements and searched Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases to identify studies in English or French languages, in open access and published between 2000 and 2022. We selected thirty references addressing twenty-eight different interventions that were successful in changing AMU in livestock. We used an impact pathway logic model as an analytic framework to guide the technical aspects of the scoping review process and to identify the complex relationships between outputs, outcomes, impacts and contextual factors. A majority of interventions managed to improve AMU by changing herd and health management practices (ni=18). We identified intermediate outcomes including change in the veterinarian-farmer relationship (ni=7), in knowledge and perception (ni=6), and in motivation and confidence (ni=1). Twenty-two studies recorded positive impacts on animal health and welfare (ni=11), technical performances (ni=9), economic performances (ni=4) and AMR reduction (ni=4). Interventions implemented different strategies including herd and health management support (ni=20), norms and standards (ni=11), informational and educational measures (ni=10), economic support (ni=5). Studies were mainly in European countries and in pig and large ruminants farming. Most interventions targeted farmers or veterinarians but we identified other major and influential actors including authority and governmental organizations, academics and research, organization of producers or veterinarians, herd advisors and technicians, laboratories, and public opinion. Key success factors were knowledge and perception (ni=14), social factors (ni=13), intervention characteristics (ni=11), trajectory and ecosystem of change (ni=11), economic factors (ni=9), herd and health status (ni=8), data access and monitoring (ni=4). This review describes a paucity of impact assessment of interventions towards better AMU in livestock. There is no one-size-fits-all transition pathway but we inform decision-makers about the most successful interventions that work, how, for whom and why. The impact pathway analysis provided a holistic view of the successful change processes and the complex relationships between outputs, outcomes, impacts and contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Merete Studnitz
- International Centre for Research in Organic Food Systems, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Sophie Molia
- UMR ASTRE, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
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18
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Roskam JL, Oude Lansink AGJM, Saatkamp HW. The Economic Value of Antimicrobial Use in Livestock Production. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1537. [PMID: 37887238 PMCID: PMC10603833 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12101537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Antimicrobial agents have played an important role in improving the productivity of worldwide livestock production by reducing the impact of livestock diseases. However, a major drawback of antimicrobial use is the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in food-producing animals. To reduce the use of antimicrobials, it is important to know the economic value of the use of antimicrobials and factors that determine that economic value. (2) Results: A theoretical framework was developed to assess the economic value of antimicrobial use. Three situations were distinguished: firstly, a baseline model for a farm with a conventional production system; secondly, an extension of the baseline model that includes the impact of production system improvements; and thirdly, an extension of the baseline model that includes the impacts of risk and risk attitude. This framework shows that the economic value of antimicrobial use is negatively affected by the price of productive inputs and damage-abatement inputs, and positively affected by the output price, the input-output combination, the damage abatement effect, risk aversion and variance in profit. (3) Conclusions: The theoretical framework presented in this study shows that there are several factors that (can) affect the economic value of antimicrobial use. The knowledge about the effect of these factors can be utilized to affect the economic value of antimicrobials and, consequently, affect antimicrobial use.
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Logan LK, Coy LR, Pitstick CE, Marshall SH, Medernach RL, Domitrovic TN, Konda S, Qureshi NK, Hujer AM, Zheng X, Rudin SD, Weinstein RA, Bonomo RA. The role of the plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance genes as resistance mechanisms in pediatric infections due to Enterobacterales. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1249505. [PMID: 37900312 PMCID: PMC10613066 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1249505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are not commonly prescribed in children, yet the increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales (Ent) infections in this population often reveals FQ resistance. We sought to define the role of FQ resistance in the epidemiology of MDR Ent in children, with an overall goal to devise treatment and prevention strategies. Methods A case-control study of children (0-18 years) at three Chicago hospitals was performed. Cases had infections by FQ-susceptible, β-lactamase-producing (bla) Ent harboring a non- or low-level expression of PMFQR genes (PMFQS Ent). Controls had FQR infections due to bla Ent with expressed PMFQR genes (PMFQR Ent). We sought bla genes by PCR or DNA (BD Max Check-Points assay®) and PMFQR genes by PCR. We performed rep-PCR, MLST, and E. coli phylogenetic grouping. Whole genome sequencing was additionally performed on PMFQS Ent positive isolates. Demographics, comorbidities, and device, antibiotic, and healthcare exposures were evaluated. Predictors of infection were assessed. Results Of 170 β-lactamase-producing Ent isolates, 85 (50%) were FQS; 23 (27%) had PMFQR genes (PMFQS cases). Eighty-five (50%) were FQR; 53 (62%) had PMFQR genes (PMFQR controls). The median age for children with PMFQS Ent and PMFQR Ent was 4.3 and 6.2 years, respectively (p = NS). Of 23 PMFQS Ent, 56% were Klebsiella spp., and of 53 PMFQR Ent, 76% were E. coli. The most common bla and PMFQR genes detected in PMFQS Ent were bla SHV ESBL (44%) and oqxAB (57%), and the corresponding genes detected in PMFQR Ent were bla CTX-M-1-group ESBL (79%) and aac(6')-Ib-cr (83%). Whole genome sequencing of PMFQS Ent revealed the additional presence of mcr-9, a transferable polymyxin resistance gene, in 47% of isolates, along with multiple plasmids and mobile genetic elements propagating drug resistance. Multivariable regression analysis showed that children with PMFQS Ent infections were more likely to have hospital onset infection (OR 5.7, 95% CI 1.6-22) and isolates containing multiple bla genes (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.1-14.5). The presence of invasive devices mediated the effects of healthcare setting in the final model. Differences in demographics, comorbidities, or antibiotic use were not found. Conclusions Paradoxically, PMFQS Ent infections were often hospital onset and PMFQR Ent infections were community onset. PMFQS Ent commonly co-harbored multiple bla and PMFQR genes, and additional silent, yet transferrable antibiotic resistance genes such as mcr-9, affecting therapeutic options and suggesting the need to address infection prevention strategies to control spread. Control of PMFQS Ent infections will require validating community and healthcare-based sources and risk factors associated with acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latania K. Logan
- Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Laura Rojas Coy
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Molecular Biology, and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | - Steven H. Marshall
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Rachel L. Medernach
- Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - T. Nicholas Domitrovic
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Sreenivas Konda
- Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nadia K. Qureshi
- Pediatrics, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States
| | - Andrea M. Hujer
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Xiaotian Zheng
- Microbiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Pathology, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Susan D. Rudin
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Robert A. Weinstein
- Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medicine, Cook County Health, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Robert A. Bonomo
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Molecular Biology, and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Biochemistry, Pharmacology, Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Case Western Reserve University (CWRU)-Cleveland VA Medical Center (VAMC) Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology (Case VA CARES), Cleveland, OH, United States
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Amato HK, Loayza F, Salinas L, Paredes D, Garcia D, Sarzosa S, Saraiva-Garcia C, Johnson TJ, Pickering AJ, Riley LW, Trueba G, Graham JP. Risk factors for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli carriage among children in a food animal-producing region of Ecuador: A repeated measures observational study. PLoS Med 2023; 20:e1004299. [PMID: 37831716 PMCID: PMC10621961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1004299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria may be driven by human-animal-environment interactions, especially in regions with limited restrictions on antibiotic use, widespread food animal production, and free-roaming domestic animals. In this study, we aimed to identify risk factors related to commercial food animal production, small-scale or "backyard" food animal production, domestic animal ownership, and practices related to animal handling, waste disposal, and antibiotic use in Ecuadorian communities. METHODS AND FINDINGS We conducted a repeated measures study from 2018 to 2021 in 7 semirural parishes of Quito, Ecuador to identify determinants of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli (3GCR-EC) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase E. coli (ESBL-EC) in children. We collected 1,699 fecal samples from 600 children and 1,871 domestic animal fecal samples from 376 of the same households at up to 5 time points per household over the 3-year study period. We used multivariable log-binomial regression models to estimate relative risks (RR) of 3GCR-EC and ESBL-EC carriage, adjusting for child sex and age, caregiver education, household wealth, and recent child antibiotic use. Risk factors for 3GCR-EC included living within 5 km of more than 5 commercial food animal operations (RR: 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 1.45; p-value: 0.001), household pig ownership (RR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.48; p-value: 0.030) and child pet contact (RR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.39; p-value: 0.001). Risk factors for ESBL-EC were dog ownership (RR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.83; p-value: 0.053), child pet contact (RR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.16; p-value: 0.012), and placing animal feces on household land/crops (RR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.46; p-value: 0.019). The primary limitations of this study are the use of proxy and self-reported exposure measures and the use of a single beta-lactamase drug (ceftazidime with clavulanic acid) in combination disk diffusion tests for ESBL confirmation, potentially underestimating phenotypic ESBL production among cephalosporin-resistant E. coli isolates. To improve ESBL determination, it is recommended to use 2 combination disk diffusion tests (ceftazidime with clavulanic acid and cefotaxime with clavulanic acid) for ESBL confirmatory testing. Future studies should also characterize transmission pathways by assessing antibiotic resistance in commercial food animals and environmental reservoirs. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we observed an increase in enteric colonization of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among children with exposures to domestic animals and their waste in the household environment and children living in areas with a higher density of commercial food animal production operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather K. Amato
- Environmental Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Fernanda Loayza
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Liseth Salinas
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Diana Paredes
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniela Garcia
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Soledad Sarzosa
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Saraiva-Garcia
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Timothy J. Johnson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- Mid Central Research & Outreach Center, Willmar, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Amy J. Pickering
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Blum Center for Developing Economies, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Lee W. Riley
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Trueba
- Instituto de Microbiología, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jay P. Graham
- Environmental Health Sciences Division, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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Ragassa S, Berhanu G. Antibiotic Use, Awareness of Antimicrobial Resistance and Residue in Veterinary Professionals and Farmers in Selected Districts of Kellem Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. VETERINARY MEDICINE (AUCKLAND, N.Z.) 2023; 14:159-175. [PMID: 37790678 PMCID: PMC10542589 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s423141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Antimicrobials have a crucial role in reducing mortality and morbidity in animals, but misuse of them may cause antimicrobial resistance and residues which are challenging in animal production and public health. These problems are mostly aggravated in developing countries including Ethiopia. Objective Assessment of antibiotic use, awareness of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial residue in veterinary professionals and farmers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2021 to August 2022 in three districts (Seyo, Hawa Gelan, and Dale Sadi) of the Kellem Wollega zone, selected by purposive sampling. The study population was farmers and veterinary professionals. Data was collected from a total of 312 respondents; 230 farmers and 82 veterinary professionals using interviews and questionnaires, respectively. Results Out of 312 total respondents, 230 (73.71%) were farmers and 82 (26.28%) were veterinary professionals. From the farmer respondents, 127 (55.22%), 153 (66.52%), and 142 (61.74%) had an awareness of antibiotics and their usage, antimicrobial resistance, and withdrawal period, respectively. Out of 82 veterinary professional respondents, 92.68% practice dose calculation during animal treatment, 79.27% diagnose systemic infections by tentative diagnosis, 85.37% have no laboratory facility for bacterial disease, and 81.71% give broad-spectrum antibiotics for undifferentiated cases. The income type of respondents looks to have a strong association (P < 0.05) with awareness of antibiotics (OR: 3.427, SE: 1.404, CI: 1.535-7.654), antimicrobial resistance (OR: 3.536, SE: 1.339, CI: 1.683-7.430) and withdrawal periods (OR: 3.297, SE: 1.267, CI: 1.552-7.004). Conclusion This study shows most farmers have awareness about antibiotics and their use, antimicrobial resistance, and residue but inappropriate use of antimicrobials in farmers and lack of laboratory facilities in most veterinary professionals observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagni Ragassa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Oromia, Ethiopia
| | - Gemechu Berhanu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Oromia, Ethiopia
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Hallal Ferreira Raro O, Poirel L, Tocco M, Nordmann P. Impact of veterinary antibiotics on plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance transfer. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023; 78:2209-2216. [PMID: 37486104 PMCID: PMC10477142 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resistance genes can be genetically transmitted and exchanged between commensal and pathogenic bacterial species, and in different compartments including the environment, or human and animal guts (One Health concept). The aim of our study was to evaluate whether subdosages of antibiotics administered in veterinary medicine could enhance plasmid transfer and, consequently, resistance gene exchange in gut microbiota. METHODS Conjugation frequencies were determined with Escherichia coli strains carrying IncL- (blaOXA-48) or IncI1-type (blaCTX-M-1) plasmids subjected to a series of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics used in veterinary medicine, namely amoxicillin, ceftiofur, apramycin, neomycin, enrofloxacin, colistin, erythromycin, florfenicol, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, sulfamethazine, tiamulin and the ionophore narasin. Treatments with subinhibitory dosages were performed with and without supplementation with the antioxidant edaravone, known as a mitigator of the inducibility effect of several antibiotics on plasmid conjugation frequency (PCF). Expression of SOS-response associated genes and fluorescence-based reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection assays were performed to evaluate the stress oxidative response. RESULTS Increased PCFs were observed for both strains when treating with florfenicol and oxytetracycline. Increased expression of the SOS-associated recA gene also occurred concomitantly, as well as increased ROS production. Addition of edaravone to the treatments reduced their PCF and also showed a decreasing effect on SOS and ROS responses for both plasmid scaffolds. CONCLUSIONS We showed here that some antibiotics used in veterinary medicine may induce transfer of plasmid-encoded resistance and therefore may contribute to the worldwide spread of antibiotic resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otávio Hallal Ferreira Raro
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Poirel
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Maurine Tocco
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Nordmann
- Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 18, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance (NARA), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Institute for Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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23
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Ragassa S, Berhanu G. Antibiotic Use, Awareness of Antimicrobial Resistance and Residue in Veterinary Professionals and Farmers in Selected Districts of Kellem Wollega Zone, Ethiopia. VETERINARY MEDICINE: RESEARCH AND REPORTS 2023; Volume 14:159-175. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.2147/vmrr.s423141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
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Seo KW, Do KH, Jung CM, Lee SW, Lee YJ, Lim SK, Lee WK. Comparative genetic characterisation of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from integrated and conventional pig farm in Korea. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 34:74-82. [PMID: 37394034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pig-farming systems consist of integrated or conventional farms, and many antimicrobials are used to treat bacterial infections. The objective of this study was to compare characteristics of third-generation cephalosporin resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/pAmpC β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli between integrated and conventional farms. METHODS Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli was collected from integrated and conventional pig farms from 2021 to 2022. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were performed for the detection of β-lactamase-encoding genes, molecular analysis, and identification of genetic relationships. To determine the transferability of β-lactamase genes, conjugation assays were conducted. RESULTS Antimicrobial resistance rates were higher in conventional farms than in integrated farms; ESBL- and pAmpC-lactamase-producing E. coli rates were higher in conventional farms (9.8%) than in integrated farms (3.4%). Fifty-two (6.5%) isolates produced ESBL/pAmpC β-lactamase genes. Isolates from integrated farms harboured CTX-15 (3 isolates), CTX-55 (9 isolates), CTX-229 (1 isolate), or CMY-2 (1 isolate) genes; isolates from conventional farms harboured CTX-1 (1 isolate), CTX-14 (6 isolates), CTX-15 (2 isolates), CTX-27 (3 isolates), CTX-55 (14 isolates), CTX-229 (1 isolate), and CMY-2 (11 isolates) genes. Of the 52 ESBL/pAmpC β-lactamase-producing E. coli isolates, class 1 integrons with 11 different gene cassette arrangements were detected in 39 (75.0%) isolates, and class 2 integrons were detected in 3 isolates. The most common sequence type in both integrated and conventional farms was ST5229, followed by ST101, and then ST10. CONCLUSION Third-generation cephalosporin-resistant patterns and molecular characteristics differed between integrated and conventional farms. Our findings suggest that continuous monitoring of third-generation cephalosporin resistance on pig farms is necessary to prevent the dissemination of resistant isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Won Seo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hyo Do
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Chang Min Jung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Onnuri Animals Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seong Won Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health Korea Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Suk-Kyung Lim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Gimcheon, Korea
| | - Wan-Kyu Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea; GutBiomeTech, Cheongju, Korea.
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Economou V, Delis G, Stavrou D, Gousia P, Tsitsos A, Mantzios T, Chouliara E, Kolovos N, Soultos N. Characterization of Extended Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Raw Poultry Carcasses in Catering Services in Northern Greece. Vet Sci 2023; 10:487. [PMID: 37624274 PMCID: PMC10459896 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10080487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is considered a topic of utmost interest under the concept of "One Health", having severe implications in both human and veterinary medicine. Among the antibiotic-resistant bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, especially those belonging to the order of Enterobacterales (such as Escherichia coli), hold a prominent position in terms of both virulence and possessing/disseminating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) traits. The aim of this study was to examine the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing E. coli isolates in raw poultry carcasses collected from a university club. Five hundred raw poultry skin samples were collected from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh) club in Thessaloniki, Greece. A total of 64% of the samples were positive for the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli. The isolates were further examined for their susceptibility to selected antibiotics by the disc diffusion method and were characterized as true ESBL, as producing class C cephalosporinases (AmpC) or "of unknown etiology" by the combination disc test. The 86 of the 120 isolates (71.67%) were classified as true ESBL, 24 (20.00%) as AmpC, and 10 (8.33%) as "of unknown etiology". The isolates were screened for the occurrence of β-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and blaOXA). Thirty-six isolates (32 ESBL- and 4 AmpC-phenotype) harbored both blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes, twenty-two isolates (among which 19 ESBL-phenotype and 2 AmpC-phenotype) harbored blaCTX-M only, whereas twenty-six (14 ESBL- and 12 AmpC-phenotype) isolates harbored blaTEM alone. No isolate harboring blaSHV or blaOXA was detected. The results demonstrate the existence of E. coli isolates producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases in poultry carcasses from Greece, pausing a risk for antibiotic resistance transfer to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vangelis Economou
- Laboratory of Animal Food Products Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (N.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Georgios Delis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Dimitra Stavrou
- Hellenic Army Biological Research Center, 152 36 Athens, Greece;
| | - Panagiota Gousia
- Research Laboratories of Thessaloniki, Department of Food Testing, Hellenic Food Authority, 570 01 Thermi, Greece;
| | - Anestis Tsitsos
- Laboratory of Animal Food Products Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (N.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Tilemachos Mantzios
- Unit of Avian Medicine, Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 546 27 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Eirini Chouliara
- Laboratory of Technology of Food of Animal Origin, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Kolovos
- Laboratory of Animal Food Products Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (N.K.); (N.S.)
| | - Nikolaos Soultos
- Laboratory of Animal Food Products Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (N.K.); (N.S.)
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Zhou Z, Ma W, Li F, Zhong D, Zhang W, Liu L, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Su P. Deciphering the distribution and microbial secretors of extracellular polymeric substances associated antibiotic resistance genes in tube wall biofilm. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163218. [PMID: 37004772 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics and disinfectants have both been proposed to exert selective pressures on the biofilm as well as affecting the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, the transfer mechanism of ARGs in drinking water distribution system (DWDS) under the coupling effect of antibiotics and disinfectants has not been completely understood. In the current study, four lab-scale biological annular reactors (BARs) were constructed to evaluate the effects of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and NaClO coupling in DWDS and reveal the related mechanisms of ARGs proliferation. TetM was abundant in both the liquid phase and the biofilm, and redundancy analysis showed that the total organic carbon (TOC) and temperature were significantly correlated with ARGs in the water phase. There was a significant correlation between the relative abundance of ARGs in the biofilm phase and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Additionally, the proliferation and spread of ARGs in water phase were related to microbial community structure. Partial least-squares path modeling showed that antibiotic concentration may influence ARGs by affecting MGEs. These findings help us to better understand the diffusion process of ARGs in drinking water and provide a theoretical support for technologies to control ARGs at the front of pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wencheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Feiyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- Guangdong Yuehai Water Investment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Luming Liu
- Harbin Institute of Technology National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resources Co., Ltd., Harbin 150090, China
| | - Jingna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yisong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Peng Su
- Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research, Wuhan 430010, China
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Xu R, Li L, Zheng J, Ji C, Wu H, Chen X, Chen Y, Hu M, Xu EG, Wang Y. Combined toxic effects of nanoplastics and norfloxacin on mussel: Leveraging biochemical parameters and gut microbiota. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 880:163304. [PMID: 37030355 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics and nanoplastics (NPs) are among the two most concerned and studied marine emerging contaminants in recent years. Given the large number of different types of antibiotics and NPs, there is a need to apply efficient tools to evaluate their combined toxic effects. Using the thick-shelled mussel (Mytilus coruscus) as a marine ecotoxicological model, we applied a battery of fast enzymatic activity assays and 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the biochemical and gut microbial response of mussels exposed to antibiotic norfloxacin (NOR) and NPs (80 nm polystyrene beads) alone and in combination at environmentally relevant concentrations. After 15 days of exposure, NPs alone significantly inhibited superoxide dismutase (SOD) and amylase (AMS) activities, while catalase (CAT) was affected by both NOR and NPs. The changes in lysozyme (LZM) and lipase (LPS) were increased over time during the treatments. Co-exposure to NPs and NOR significantly affected glutathione (GSH) and trypsin (Typ), which might be explained by the increased bioavailable NOR carried by NPs. The richness and diversity of the gut microbiota of mussels were both decreased by exposures to NOR and NPs, and the top functions of gut microbiota that were affected by the exposures were predicted. The data fast generated by enzymatic test and 16S sequencing allowed further variance and correlation analysis to understand the plausible driving factors and toxicity mechanisms. Despite the toxic effects of only one type of antibiotics and NPs being evaluated, the validated assays on mussels are readily applicable to other antibiotics, NPs, and their mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Li'ang Li
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jiahui Zheng
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yuchuan Chen
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Elvis Genbo Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M 5230, Denmark.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, College of Fisheries and Life Science at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; Key laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Boora A, Devi J, Rom T, Paul AK. Synthesis, characterization, single crystal structure, biological evaluation of ONO donor hydrazones and their diorganotin(IV) complexes. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Florea A, Casey JA, Nachman K, Price LB, Pomichowski ME, Takhar HS, Quinlivan V, Childs LD, Davis MF, Wei R, Hong V, Ku JH, Liu CM, Pressman A, Robinson S, Bruxvoort KJ, Salas SB, Tartof SY. Impact of California's Senate Bill 27 on Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection in Humans: Protocol for a Study of Methods and Baseline Data. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e45109. [PMID: 37145842 PMCID: PMC10199382 DOI: 10.2196/45109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overuse of antibiotics contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is a growing threat to human health worldwide. Previous work suggests a link between antimicrobial use in poultry and human AMR extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (E coli) urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, few US-based studies exist, and none have comprehensively assessed both foodborne and environmental pathways using advanced molecular and spatial epidemiologic methods in a quasi-experimental design. Recently, California enacted Senate Bill 27 (SB27), which changed previous policy to require a veterinarian's prescription for the use of antibiotic drugs, and which banned antibiotic use for disease prevention in livestock. This provided an opportunity to evaluate whether SB27 will result in a reduction in antimicrobial-resistant infections in humans. OBJECTIVE We describe in detail the methods implemented to achieve the overarching objective of this study to evaluate the impact of SB27 on downstream antibiotic resistance rates in human UTIs. METHODS A summary of the overall approach and the partnerships between Columbia University, George Washington University (GWU), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) Research and Evaluation, the Natural Resources Defense Council, Sanger Institute at Stanford University, Sutter Health Center for Health Systems Research, the University of Cambridge, and the University of Oxford is presented. The collection, quality control testing, and shipment of retail meat and clinical samples are described. Retail meat (chicken, beef, turkey, and pork) was purchased from stores throughout Southern California from 2017 to 2021. After processing at KPSC, it was shipped to GWU for testing. From 2016 to 2021, after clinical specimens were processed for routine clinical purposes and immediately before discarding, those with isolated colonies of E coli, Campylobacter, and Salmonella from KPSC members were collected and processed to be shipped for testing at GWU. Detailed methods of the isolation and testing as well as the whole-genome sequencing of the meat and clinical samples at GWU are described. KPSC electronic health record data were used to track UTI cases and AMR patterns among the cultured specimens. Similarly, Sutter Health electronic health record data were used to track UTI cases in its Northern California patient population. RESULTS From 2017 to 2021, overall, 12,616 retail meat samples were purchased from 472 unique stores across Southern California. In addition, 31,643 positive clinical cultures were collected from KPSC members during the same study period. CONCLUSIONS Here, we presented data collection methods for the study, which was conducted to evaluate the impact of SB27 on downstream antibiotic resistance rates in human UTI. To date, it is one of the largest studies of its kind to be conducted. The data collected during this study will be used as the foundation for future analyses specific to the various objectives of this large body of work. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/45109.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Florea
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Joan A Casey
- Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Keeve Nachman
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lance B Price
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Magdalena E Pomichowski
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Harpreet S Takhar
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Vanessa Quinlivan
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Lee D Childs
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Meghan F Davis
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rong Wei
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Vennis Hong
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Jennifer H Ku
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Cindy M Liu
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Alice Pressman
- Center for Health Systems Research, Sutter Health, Walnut Creek, CA, United States
| | - Sarah Robinson
- Center for Health Systems Research, Sutter Health, Walnut Creek, CA, United States
| | - Katia J Bruxvoort
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - S Bianca Salas
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Sara Y Tartof
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, United States
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Hu W, Yu A, Wang S, Bai Q, Tang H, Yang B, Wang M, Kuang H. Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activities, and Applications of the Polysaccharides from Zingiber officinale Roscoe. (Ginger): A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:3855. [PMID: 37175266 PMCID: PMC10179780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Zingiber officinale Roscoe. (ginger) is a widely distributed plant with a long history of cultivation and consumption. Ginger can be used as a spice, condiment, food, nutrition, and as an herb. Significantly, the polysaccharides extracted from ginger show surprising and satisfactory biological activity, which explains the various benefits of ginger on human health, including anti-influenza, anti-colitis, anti-tussive, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor effects. Here, we systematically review the major studies on the extraction and purification of polysaccharides from ginger in recent years, the characterization of their chemical structure, biological activity, and structure-activity relationships, and the applications of ginger polysaccharides in different fields. This article will update and deepen the understanding of ginger polysaccharide and provide a theoretical basis for its further research and application in human health and product development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
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Cabello FC, Millanao AR, Lozano-Muñoz I, Godfrey HP. Misunderstandings and misinterpretations: Antimicrobial use and resistance in salmon aquaculture. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2023. [PMID: 36934450 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The exponential growth of aquaculture over the past 30 years has been accompanied by a parallel increase in the use of antimicrobials. This widespread use has had negative effects on animal, human and environmental health and affected the biodiversity of the environments where aquaculture takes place. Results showing these harmful effects have been resisted and made light of by the aquaculture industry and their scientific supporters through introduction of misunderstandings and misinterpretations of concepts developed in the evolution, genetics, and molecular epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. We focus on a few of the most obvious scientific shortcomings and biases of two recent attempts to minimise the negative impacts of excessive antimicrobial use in Chilean salmon aquaculture on human and piscine health and on the environment. Such open debate is critical to timely implementation of effective regulation of antimicrobial usage in salmon aquaculture in Chile, if the negative local and worldwide impacts of this usage are to be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe C Cabello
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - Ana R Millanao
- Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ivonne Lozano-Muñoz
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Henry P Godfrey
- Department of Pathology (retired), New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Pathogenic and Commensal Bacteria Recovered from Cattle and Goat Farms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020420. [PMID: 36830330 PMCID: PMC9952079 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in food animals results to antimicrobial resistant bacteria that complicates the ability to treat infections. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of pathogenic and commensal bacteria in soil, water, manure, and milk from cattle and goat farms. A total of 285 environmental and 81 milk samples were analyzed for Enterobacteriaceae by using biochemical and PCR techniques. Susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion technique. A total of 15 different Enterobacteriaceae species were identified from goat and cattle farms. Manure had significantly higher (p < 0.05) Enterobacteriaceae (52.0%) than soil (37.2%), trough water (5.4%), and runoff water (5.4%). There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in Enterobacteriaceae in goat milk (53.9%) and cow milk (46.2%). Enterobacteriaceae from environment showed 100% resistance to novobiocin, erythromycin, and vancomycin E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus spp., and Listeria monocytogenes displayed three, five, six, and ten. AMR patterns, respectively. NOV-TET-ERY-VAN was the most common phenotype observed in all isolates. Our study suggest that cattle and goat farms are reservoirs of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Food animal producers should be informed on the prudent use of antimicrobials, good agricultural practices, and biosecurity measures.
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Analysis of Antimicrobials in Muscle and Drinking Water in Terms of Reducing the Need of Antimicrobial Use by Increasing the Health and Welfare of Pig and Broiler. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020326. [PMID: 36830237 PMCID: PMC9952824 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial residues may pose harmful effects on the health of consumers. At the same time, an adequate quality of drinking water for animals is one of the important element to ensure animal welfare and food without antibacterials. The presented study is aimed at estimating the residue levels of antibacterial compounds, such as penicillins, cephalosporin, macrolides, tetracyclines, quinolones, sulphonamides, aminoglycosides, diaminopirymidines, pleuromutilines and lincosamides in meat and on-farm drinking water samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), as a part of a surveillance system on pig and broiler farms within the project Healthy Livestock. A total of 870 samples of muscle from pig and broiler, as well as 229 water samples were analysed for antibiotic residues. Samples were collected from farms in EU countries in two steps, before and after implementation of a tailor-made health plan. In muscle samples, the detected concentrations of doxycycline in the post-intervention step (15.9-70.8 µg/kg) were lower than concentrations in the pre-intervention step (20.6-100 µg/kg). In water samples, doxycycline in an average concentration of 119 µg/L in the pre- and 23.1 µg/L in the post-intervention step, as well as enrofloxacin at concentrations of 170 µg/L in the pre- and 1.72 µg/L in the post-intervention step were quantified. Amoxicillin was only present before intervention. The obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the intervention actions. The concentrations of antibiotics in muscles and water were lower after implementation of a health plan on the farms.
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Casey JA, Tartof SY, Davis MF, Nachman KE, Price L, Liu C, Yu K, Gupta V, Innes GK, Tseng HF, Do V, Pressman AR, Rudolph KE. Impact of a Statewide Livestock Antibiotic Use Policy on Resistance in Human Urine Escherichia coli Isolates: A Synthetic Control Analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:27007. [PMID: 36821707 PMCID: PMC9945560 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On 1 January 2018, California implemented Senate Bill 27 (SB27), banning, for the first time in the United States, routine preventive use of antibiotics in food-animal production and any antibiotic use without a veterinarian's prescription. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to assess whether SB27 was associated with decreased antimicrobial resistance among E. coli isolated from human urine. METHODS We used U.S. nationwide monthly state-level data from BD Insights Research Database (Becton, Dickinson, and Co.) spanning 1 January 2013 to 30 June 2021 on antibiotic-resistance patterns of 30-d nonduplicate E. coli isolated from urine. Tested antibiotic classes included aminoglycosides, extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC), fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. Counts of tested and not-susceptible (resistant and intermediate, hereafter resistant) urine isolates were available by sex, age group (<65, 65+ year), month, and state. We applied a synthetic control approach to estimate the causal effect of SB27 on resistance patterns. Our approach created a synthetic California based on a composite of other states without the policy change and contrasted its counterfactual postpolicy trends with the observed postpolicy trends in California. FINDINGS We included 7.1 million E. coli urine isolates, 90% among women, across 33 states. From 2013 to 2017, the median (interquartile range) resistance percentages in California were 11.9% (7.4, 17.6), 13.8% (5.8, 20.0), 24.6% (9.6, 36.4), 7.9% (2.1, 13.1), for aminoglycosides, ESC, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines, respectively. SB27 was associated with a 7.1% reduction in ESC resistance (p-value for joint null: <0.01), but no change in resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, or tetracyclines. DISCUSSION Further research is needed to determine the role of SB27 in the observed reduction in ESC resistance E. coli in human populations, particularly as additional states implement similar legislation. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11221.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan A. Casey
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sara Y. Tartof
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
- Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Meghan F. Davis
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Keeve E. Nachman
- Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lance Price
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Cindy Liu
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kalvin Yu
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA
| | - Vikas Gupta
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, USA
| | - Gabriel K. Innes
- Yuma Center of Excellence for Desert Agriculture (YCEDA), University of Arizona, Yuma, Arizona, USA
| | - Hung Fu Tseng
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Vivian Do
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alice R. Pressman
- Center for Health Systems Research, Sutter Health, Walnut Creek, California, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kara E. Rudolph
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
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Foyle L, Burnett M, Creaser A, Hens R, Keough J, Madin L, Price R, Smith H, Stone S, Kinobe RT. Prevalence and distribution of antimicrobial resistance in effluent wastewater from animal slaughter facilities: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 318:120848. [PMID: 36563990 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of antibiotics in food animal production and disposal of untreated wastewater from food animal slaughter facilities may create a shift in microbiomes of different ecosystems by generating reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance along the human-animal-environmental interface. This epidemiological problem has been studied, but its magnitude and impact on a global scale is poorly characterised. A systematic review was done to determine global prevalence and distribution patterns of antimicrobial resistance in effluent wastewater from animal slaughter facilities. Extracted data were stratified into rational groups for secondary analyses and presented as percentages. Culture and sensitivity testing was the predominant method; Escherichia spp., Enterococcus spp., and Staphylococcus aureus were the most targeted isolates. Variable incidences of resistance were detected against all major antimicrobial classes including reserved drugs such as ceftazidime, piperacillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol; the median frequency and range in resistant Gram-negative isolates were: 11 (0-100), 62 (0-100), 8 (0-100), 14 (0-93) and 12 (0-62) respectively. Ciprofloxacin was the most tested drug with the highest incidences of resistance in livestock slaughterhouses in Iran (93%), Nigeria (50%) and China (20%), and poultry slaughterhouses in Germany (21-81%) and Spain (56%). Spatial global distribution patterns for antimicrobial resistance were associated with previously reported magnitude of antibiotic use in livestock or poultry farming and, the implicit existence of jurisdictional policies to regulate antibiotic use. These data indicate that anthropogenic activities in farming systems are a major contributor to the cause and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance into the environment via slaughterhouse effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Foyle
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Solander Drive, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Matthew Burnett
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Abbey Creaser
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Rachel Hens
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Julia Keough
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Lauren Madin
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Ruby Price
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Hayley Smith
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Samuel Stone
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia
| | - Robert T Kinobe
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, 1 Solander Drive, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia; Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Solander Drive, Townsville, Queensland, 4811, Australia.
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Magnano San Lio R, Favara G, Maugeri A, Barchitta M, Agodi A. How Antimicrobial Resistance Is Linked to Climate Change: An Overview of Two Intertwined Global Challenges. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20031681. [PMID: 36767043 PMCID: PMC9914631 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 186.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and climate change (CC) are two of the top health emergencies, and can be considered as two interlinked public health priorities. The complex commonalities between AMR and CC should be deeply investigated in a One Health perspective. Here, we provided an overview of the current knowledge about the relationship between AMR and CC. Overall, the studies included pointed out the need for applying a systemic approach to planetary health. Firstly, CC increasingly brings humans and animals into contact, leading to outbreaks of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases with pandemic potential. Although it is well-established that antimicrobial use in human, animal and environmental sectors is one of the main drivers of AMR, the COVID-19 pandemic is exacerbating the current scenario, by influencing the use of antibiotics, personal protective equipment, and biocides. This also results in higher concentrations of contaminants (e.g., microplastics) in natural water bodies, which cannot be completely removed from wastewater treatment plants, and which could sustain the AMR spread. Our overview underlined the lack of studies on the direct relationship between AMR and CC, and encouraged further research to investigate the multiple aspects involved, and its effect on human health.
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Bliss SS, King MH, Bermejo MI, Nguyen A, Amato HK, Graham JP. Weaning U.S. food-animals off antimicrobials: What can we learn from state- and city-level policies? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282315. [PMID: 36920937 PMCID: PMC10016712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobials are widely used worldwide in food animal production for controlling and preventing disease and for improving feed conversion efficiency and growth promotion. Inappropriate use of antimicrobials in animal agriculture has the potential to promote antimicrobial resistance, which represents a threat to human, animal, and environmental health. State and municipal policies in the United States have recently been implemented to improve antimicrobial use and reporting in this sector. This study analyzed the implementation of two state-level policies (California (CA) and Maryland (MD)) and a city-level policy in San Francisco (SF), California that aimed to reduce the use of antimicrobials in food-animals and increase transparency of antimicrobial use. A qualitative analysis was based on in-depth interviews with key informants (KIs) (n = 19) who had direct experience implementing or working in the context of these sub-national policies. Interviews were recorded and transcriptions were analyzed independently by two researchers using a three-stage, grounded theory coding procedure. This study identified four major findings, including 1) vague language on antimicrobial use within policies reduces policy effectiveness; 2) the lack of reporting by producers challenges the ability to evaluate the impact of the policies on actual use; 3) diverse stakeholders need to be involved in order to develop a more effective policy; and 4) funding should be linked to the policy to provide for reporting and data analysis. This analysis provides insights on the successes and failures of existing policies and serves to inform future sub-national policies aiming to improve the judicious use of antimicrobials in food-animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarlet S. Bliss
- UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Maya Homsy King
- UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | | | - Andrew Nguyen
- UC San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Heather K. Amato
- UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Jay P. Graham
- UC Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kikuchi M, Okabe T, Shimizu H, Matsui T, Matsuda F, Haga T, Fujimoto K, Endo Y, Sugiura K. Antimicrobial use and its association with the presence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing coliforms in mastitic milk on dairy farms in the Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12381. [PMID: 36582722 PMCID: PMC9793267 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-producing animals, including dairy cattle, are potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance. However, there is limited data on antimicrobial use and the selection of resistant bacteria. Therefore, we investigated the association between antimicrobial use and resistance to mastitis pathogens using 2016 data from milk samples collected from cows with mastitis in 134 dairy farms in Chiba Prefecture, one of the principal dairy production prefectures in Japan. We recorded the antimicrobial use and isolation of methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing coliforms (E. coli and Klebsiella spp.), and used the antimicrobial treatment incidence (ATI; the theoretical number of animals per 1000 animal-days subjected to antimicrobial treatment) to indicate antimicrobial use on each farm. The farms in which MRS or ESBL-producing coliforms were isolated from at least one mastitic milk sample were classified as antimicrobial resistance (AMR)-positive, and those in which neither MRS nor ESBL-producing coliforms were isolated were classified as AMR-negative. The AMR-positive farms showed a significantly higher ATI (median 45.17) than AMR-negative farms (median 38.40). The results indicate that high antimicrobial usage is associated with AMR in staphylococci and coliforms isolated from mastitic milk on dairy farms in Chiba Prefecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kikuchi
- Chiba Prefectural Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Chiba, Japan,Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Okabe
- Chiba Prefectural Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Matsui
- Chiba Prefectural Agricultural Mutual Aid Association, Chiba, Japan
| | - Fuko Matsuda
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Haga
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences for Sustainable Development, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Endo
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences for Sustainable Development, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Sugiura
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences for Sustainable Development, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Ome, Tokyo, Japan,Corresponding author.
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Mak PHW, Rehman MA, Kiarie EG, Topp E, Diarra MS. Production systems and important antimicrobial resistant-pathogenic bacteria in poultry: a review. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:148. [PMID: 36514172 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Economic losses and market constraints caused by bacterial diseases such as colibacillosis due to avian pathogenic Escherichia coli and necrotic enteritis due to Clostridium perfringens remain major problems for poultry producers, despite substantial efforts in prevention and control. Antibiotics have been used not only for the treatment and prevention of such diseases, but also for growth promotion. Consequently, these practices have been linked to the selection and spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria which constitute a significant global threat to humans, animals, and the environment. To break down the antimicrobial resistance (AMR), poultry producers are restricting the antimicrobial use (AMU) while adopting the antibiotic-free (ABF) and organic production practices to satisfy consumers' demands. However, it is not well understood how ABF and organic poultry production practices influence AMR profiles in the poultry gut microbiome. Various Gram-negative (Salmonella enterica serovars, Campylobacter jejuni/coli, E. coli) and Gram-positive (Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and C. perfringens) bacteria harboring multiple AMR determinants have been reported in poultry including organically- and ABF-raised chickens. In this review, we discussed major poultry production systems (conventional, ABF and organic) and their impacts on AMR in some potential pathogenic Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria which could allow identifying issues and opportunities to develop efficient and safe production practices in controlling pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip H W Mak
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, ON, Canada.,Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Muhammad Attiq Rehman
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Elijah G Kiarie
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Edward Topp
- London Research and Development Center, AAFC, London, ON, Canada
| | - Moussa S Diarra
- Guelph Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Guelph, ON, Canada.
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40
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Chen X, Wu X, Wang S. An optimized antimicrobial peptide analog acts as an antibiotic adjuvant to reverse methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. NPJ Sci Food 2022; 6:57. [PMID: 36509755 PMCID: PMC9744894 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-022-00171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The misuse of antibiotics in animal protein production has driven the emergence of a range of drug-resistant pathogens, which threaten existing public health security. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobials and new infection treatment options to address the challenges posed by the dramatic spread of antibiotic resistance. Piscidins, a class of fish-specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), are regarded as promising therapies for biomedical applications. Progress towards potential analogs from the piscidin family has been hampered by unenforceable structural optimization strategies. Here, we leverage a strategy of bioinformatics analysis combined with molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to identify specific functional hotspots in piscidins and rationally design related analogues. As expected, this approach yields a potent and non-toxic PIS-A-1 that can be used as an antibiotic adjuvant to reverse methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pathogens. Remarkably, the structural optimization scheme and application strategy proposed here will contribute richer therapeutic options for the safe production of animal protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Chen
- grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China ,grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China ,grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
| | - Shaoyun Wang
- grid.411604.60000 0001 0130 6528College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108 China
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Guenin MJ, Belloc C, Ducrot C, de Romémont A, Peyre M, Molia S. A participatory approach for building ex ante impact pathways towards a prudent use of antimicrobials in pig and poultry sectors in France. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277487. [PMID: 36378661 PMCID: PMC9665392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health threat responsible for 700,000 deaths per year worldwide. There is scientific evidence of the causal relationship between antimicrobial use (AMU) along the food chain and AMR. Improving AMU in livestock is therefore a key component in the fight against AMR. To improve AMU in livestock, there is no one-size-fits-all solution and strategies must be context-adapted and socially acceptable for actors in order to increase AMU sustainability. AMU decision-making is based on an interdependent set of economic, behavioral, ethical, and cultural factors that need to be assessed to advise on the potential impacts of measures. We hypothesized that a participatory strategic planning approach may increase the plausibility and the efficacy of the strategies formulated by facilitating the dialogue between actors of diverse backgrounds, stimulating innovative thinking and constant considerations of contextual factors, actors and impacts. We adapted and applied the ImpresS ex ante approach (IMPact in reSearch in the South, https://impress-impact-recherche.cirad.fr/) within a Living Lab engaging actors from the French pig and poultry sectors in co-creation of innovative strategies towards improved AMU. We conducted semi-structured interviews and participatory workshops between April 2021 and March 2022. The results describe 1) an initial diagnosis of the current AMU situation in the pig and poultry sectors in France; 2) a common vision of the future to which participants would like to contribute through the intervention; 3) an identification of the current problems opposed to this vision of the future; 4) a defined scope of the intervention; 5) a typology of actors protagonist or impacted by those issues and 6) outcome maps to solve a priority problem related to indicators and monitoring. This study provides recommendations for decision-makers on plausible and innovative strategies to sustainably improve AMU in pig and poultry sectors in France and evidence of the benefits of participatory strategic planning approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Jeanne Guenin
- UMR ASTRE, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Christian Ducrot
- UMR ASTRE, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Marisa Peyre
- UMR ASTRE, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Molia
- UMR ASTRE, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Montpellier, France
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Ueno Y, Suzuki K, Takamura Y, Hoshinoo K, Takamatsu D, Katsuda K. Antimicrobial resistance and associated genetic background of Histophilus somni isolated from clinically affected and healthy cattle. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1040266. [PMID: 36387383 PMCID: PMC9645265 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1040266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Histophilus somni, a member of the Pasteurellaceae family, causes various diseases, including thrombotic meningoencephalitis and respiratory diseases. Here, 166 isolates recovered from Japanese cattle with various diseases between the late 1970s and the 2010s were subjected to susceptibility testing against 14 antimicrobials (ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefazolin, ceftiofur, kanamycin, streptomycin, nalidixic acid, enrofloxacin, danofloxacin, florfenicol, erythromycin, tylosin, oxytetracycline, and fosfomycin). The proportions of antimicrobial-resistant/intermediate isolates were low in the total isolates, with resistance rates ranging from 0% for ceftiofur and florfenicol to 13.2% for ampicillin. However, relatively high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and resistance/intermediate rates were observed in the isolates from cattle with respiratory diseases; i.e., 21/53 isolates (39.6%) showed resistance or intermediate to one or more antimicrobials for treatment of respiratory diseases, and the resistance/intermediate rates to oxytetracycline, kanamycin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, nalidixic acid, and danofloxacin were 28.3, 24.5, 24.5, 13.2, 1.9, and 1.9%, respectively. Isolates with high MICs tended to possess antimicrobial resistance genes, which may confer antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. In particular, all isolates with MICs of ampicillin/amoxicillin, kanamycin, and oxytetracycline ≥2 μg/mL, ≥512 μg/mL, and ≥4 μg/mL possessed blaROB − 1, aphA-1, and tetH/tetR, respectively, whereas isolates whose MICs were lower than the above-mentioned values did not possess these resistance genes. These results suggest that the resistance genes detected in this study are primarily responsible for the reduced susceptibility of H. somni strains to these antimicrobials. As integrative and conjugative element (ICEs)-associated genes were detected only in genetically related isolates possessing antimicrobial resistance genes, ICEs may play an important role in the spread of resistance genes in some genetic groups of H. somni strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Ueno
- Division of Infectious Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yuichi Ueno
| | - Kenta Suzuki
- Nagano Prefectural Matsumoto Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Takamura
- Aichi Prefectural Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Kaori Hoshinoo
- Division of Infectious Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takamatsu
- Division of Infectious Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Ken Katsuda
- National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
- Ken Katsuda
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Kutmanova A, Zholdoshev S, Roguski KM, Sholpanbay uulu M, Person MK, Cook R, Bugrysheva J, Nadol P, Buranchieva A, Imanbaeva L, Dzhangazieva A, Bower WA, Hendricks K. Risk Factors for Severe Cutaneous Anthrax in a Retrospective Case Series and Use of a Clinical Algorithm to Identify Likely Meningitis and Evaluate Treatment Outcomes, Kyrgyz Republic, 2005-2012. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:S478-S486. [PMID: 36251556 PMCID: PMC9649429 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines currently recommend triple-therapy antimicrobial treatment for anthrax meningitis. In the Kyrgyz Republic, a country with endemic anthrax, cutaneous anthrax patients are routinely hospitalized and treated successfully with only monotherapy or dual therapy. Clinical algorithms have been developed to identify patients with likely anthrax meningitis based on signs and symptoms alone. We sought to retrospectively identify likely meningitis patients in the Kyrgyz Republic using a clinical algorithm and evaluate risk factors and their outcomes by type of treatment. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of cutaneous anthrax patients in the Kyrgyz Republic from 2005 through 2012. Using previous methods, we developed a highly specific algorithm to categorize patients by meningitis status. We then evaluated patient risk factors, treatments, and outcomes by disease severity and meningitis status. RESULTS We categorized 37 of 230 cutaneous anthrax patients as likely having meningitis. All 37 likely meningitis patients survived, receiving only mono- or dual-therapy antimicrobials. We identified underlying medical conditions, such as obesity, hypertension, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and tobacco and alcohol use, as potential risk factors for severe anthrax and anthrax meningitis. CONCLUSIONS Based on our analyses, treatment of anthrax meningitis may not require 3 antimicrobials, which could impact future anthrax treatment recommendations. In addition, chronic comorbidities may increase risk for severe anthrax and anthrax meningitis. Future research should further investigate potential risk factors for severe anthrax and their impact on laboratory-confirmed meningitis and evaluate mono- and dual-therapy antimicrobial regimens for anthrax meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainura Kutmanova
- Correspondence: A. Kutmanova, PhD, Department of Infectious Diseases, International Higher School of Medicine, 720054 Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic ()
| | - Saparbai Zholdoshev
- Department of Epidemiology, Microbiology with a course of Infectious Diseases, Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Katherine M Roguski
- Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Melis Sholpanbay uulu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Marissa K Person
- Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rachel Cook
- Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Julia Bugrysheva
- Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Patrick Nadol
- CDC Kyrgyzstan, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Aisuluu Buranchieva
- Department of Infectious Diseases, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Lira Imanbaeva
- Department of Infectious Diseases, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - Ainura Dzhangazieva
- Department of Infectious Diseases, International Higher School of Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
| | - William A Bower
- Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Katherine Hendricks
- Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Samtiya M, Matthews KR, Dhewa T, Puniya AK. Antimicrobial Resistance in the Food Chain: Trends, Mechanisms, Pathways, and Possible Regulation Strategies. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192966. [PMID: 36230040 PMCID: PMC9614604 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains of major interest for different types of food stakeholders since it can negatively impact human health on a global scale. Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and/or antimicrobial resistance genes (transfer in pathogenic bacteria) may contaminate food at any stage, from the field to retail. Research demonstrates that antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infection(s) occur more frequently in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) than in developed countries. Worldwide, foodborne pathogens are a primary cause of morbidity and mortality. The spread of pathogenic bacteria from food to consumers may occur by direct or indirect routes. Therefore, an array of approaches both at the national and international level to control the spread of foodborne pathogens and promote food safety and security are essential. Zoonotic microbes can spread through the environment, animals, humans, and the food chain. Antimicrobial drugs are used globally to treat infections in humans and animals and prophylactically in production agriculture. Research highlights that foods may become contaminated with AMR bacteria (AMRB) during the continuum from the farm to processing to retail to the consumer. To mitigate the risk of AMRB in humans, it is crucial to control antibiotic use throughout food production, both for animal and crop agriculture. The main inferences of this review are (1) routes by which AMRB enters the food chain during crop and animal production and other modes, (2) prevention and control steps for AMRB, and (3) impact on human health if AMR is not addressed globally. A thorough perspective is presented on the gaps in current systems for surveillance of antimicrobial use in food production and/ or AMR in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Samtiya
- Department of Nutrition Biology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123029, India
| | - Karl R. Matthews
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Tejpal Dhewa
- Department of Nutrition Biology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123029, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Anil Kumar Puniya
- Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
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Koju P, Shrestha R, Shrestha A, Tamrakar S, Rai A, Shrestha P, Madhup SK, Katuwal N, Shrestha A, Shrestha A, Shrestha S, K.C S, Karki P, Tamang P, Thekkur P, Shakya Shrestha S. Antimicrobial Resistance in E. coli Isolated from Chicken Cecum Samples and Factors Contributing to Antimicrobial Resistance in Nepal. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7090249. [PMID: 36136660 PMCID: PMC9504632 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7090249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are prevalent among humans and animals, and also found in the environment. Though organisms with AMR can spread to humans via food from animal sources, the burden of AMR in food-producing animals remains largely unknown. Thus, we assessed the resistance pattern among Escherichia coli isolated from chicken cecum samples and explored issues contributing to AMR in animals in the Dhulikhel Municipality of Nepal. We conducted a mixed-methods study, comprising a cross-sectional quantitative component, with collection of chicken cecal samples from slaughter houses/shops. In addition, a descriptive qualitative component was undertaken, with a focus group discussion and key informant interviews among stakeholders involved in animal husbandry. Of the 190 chicken cecum samples collected, 170 (89%) were subjected to culture and drug sensitivity testing, of which E. coli was isolated from 159 (94%) samples. Of the 159 isolates, 113 (71%) had resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial class. Resistance to tetracycline (86%) and ciprofloxacin (66%) were most prevalent. Overuse of antimicrobials, easy availability of antimicrobials, and lack of awareness among farmers about AMR were major issues contributing to AMR. The high prevalence of resistance among E. coli in chicken cecal samples calls for rational use of antimicrobials, educating farmers, and multi-sectoral coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramesh Koju
- Pharmacovigilance Unit, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Rajeev Shrestha
- Pharmacovigilance Unit, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
- Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Abha Shrestha
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Sudichhya Tamrakar
- Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Anisha Rai
- Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Priyanka Shrestha
- World Health Emergencies Programme, WHO Country Office, Kathmandu 41825, Nepal
| | | | - Nishan Katuwal
- Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Archana Shrestha
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Akina Shrestha
- Department of Public Health and Community Programs, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Sunaina Shrestha
- Department of Microbiology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Sandip K.C
- Health Unit, Dhulikhel Municipality, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Prashamsa Karki
- Department of Microbiology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Pooja Tamang
- Research and Development Division, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
| | - Pruthu Thekkur
- Centre for Operational Research, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), 75000 Paris, France
| | - Sony Shakya Shrestha
- Pharmacovigilance Unit, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel 45210, Nepal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +977-9841276045
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Akshay SD, Anupama KP, Deekshit VK, Rohit A, Maiti B. Effect of sub-minimum inhibitory concentration of ceftriaxone on the expression of outer membrane proteins in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:190. [PMID: 35972699 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in Salmonella is one of the major reasons for foodborne outbreaks worldwide. Decreased susceptibility of Salmonella Typhi to first-line drugs such as ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin has raised concern. Reduced outer membrane proteins (OMPs) permeability and increased efflux pump transportation are considered to be the main reasons for the emergence of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella. The present study aimed to assess the expression of OMPs at sub-lethal concentrations of ceftriaxone in S. Typhi (Sl5037/BC, and Sl05). The S. Typhi strains were exposed to sub-MIC and half of the sub-MIC concentrations of ceftriaxone at three different time intervals (0 min, 40 min, and 180 min) and analyzed for differential expression of OMPs. Further, the expression variation of OMP encoding genes (yaeT, ompX, lamb, ompA, and ybfM) in response to ceftriaxone was evaluated using real-time PCR. The genes like lamB, ompX, and yaeT showed significant downregulation (p < 0.05) compared to the control without antibiotic exposure, whereas ybfM and ompA showed a moderate downregulation. The expression of omp genes such as lamB, ompA, ompX, ybfM, and yaeT were found to be low in the presence of ceftriaxone, followed by time and dose-dependent. The study provides insights into the possible involvement of OMPs in drug resistance of S. Typhi, which could help develop a therapeutic strategy to combat MDR isolates of S. Typhi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadanand Dangari Akshay
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Karanth Padyana Anupama
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Vijaya Kumar Deekshit
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Anusha Rohit
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India.,Department of Microbiology, The Madras Medical Mission, 4-A, Dr, Mogappair, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600037, India
| | - Biswajit Maiti
- Nitte (Deemed to Be University), Division of Infectious Diseases, Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research (NUCSER), Paneer Campus, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, India.
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Transmission of gram-negative antibiotic-resistant bacteria following differing exposure to antibiotic-resistance reservoirs in a rural community: a modelling study for bloodstream infections. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13488. [PMID: 35931725 PMCID: PMC9356060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17598-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to community reservoirs of gram-negative antibiotic-resistant bacteria (GN-ARB) genes poses substantial health risks to individuals, complicating potential infections. Transmission networks and population dynamics remain unclear, particularly in resource-poor communities. We use a dynamic compartment model to assess GN-ARB transmission quantitatively, including the susceptible, colonised, infected, and removed populations at the community-hospital interface. We used two side streams to distinguish between individuals at high- and low-risk exposure to community ARB reservoirs. The model was calibrated using data from a cross-sectional cohort study (N = 357) in Chile and supplemented by existing literature. Most individuals acquired ARB from the community reservoirs (98%) rather than the hospital. High exposure to GN-ARB reservoirs was associated with 17% and 16% greater prevalence for GN-ARB carriage in the hospital and community settings, respectively. The higher exposure has led to 16% more infections and attributed mortality. Our results highlight the need for early-stage identification and testing capability of bloodstream infections caused by GN-ARB through a faster response at the community level, where most GN-ARB are likely to be acquired. Increasing treatment rates for individuals colonised or infected by GN-ARB and controlling the exposure to antibiotic consumption and GN-ARB reservoirs, is crucial to curve GN-ABR transmission.
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Cai ZF, Li HY, Wang XS, Min C, Wen JQ, Fu RX, Dai ZY, Chen J, Guo MZ, Yang HJ, Bai PP, Lu XM, Wu T, Wu Y. Highly luminescent copper nanoclusters as temperature sensors and “turn off” detection of oxytetracycline. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Tracking Antimicrobial Resistant E. coli from Pigs on Farm to Pork at Slaughter. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081485. [PMID: 35893543 PMCID: PMC9394271 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria might be transferred via the foodchain. However, that risk is rarely tracked along different production steps, e.g., from pigs at farm to meat. To close that gap, we performed a prospective study in four conventional and two organic farms from the moment pigs entered the farm until meat sampling at slaughter. Antimicrobial use was recorded (0 to 11 agents). Antimicrobial susceptibility (AMS) against 26 antibiotics, including critically important substances, was tested by microdilution, and tetA-tetB-sulI-sulII-strA-strB-bla-CTXM-qacEΔ1 were included in PCR-genotyping. From 244 meat samples of 122 pigs, 54 samples (22.1%) from 45 animals were positive for E. coli (n = 198). MICs above the breakpoint/ECOFF occurred for all antibiotics except meropenem. One isolate from organic farming was markedly resistant against beta-lactams including fourth-generation cefalosporines. AMS patterns differed remarkably between isolates from one piece of meat, varying from monoresistance to 16-fold multiresistance. Amplicon-typing revealed high similarity between isolates at slaughter and on farm. Prior pig lots andeven the farmer might serve as reservoirs for E. coli isolated from meat at slaughter. However, AMS phenotyping and genotyping indicate that antimicrobial resistance in E. coli is highly dynamic, impairing reliable prediction of health risks from findings along the production chain.
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Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Isolates from Small Scale Dairy Cattle in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141853. [PMID: 35883400 PMCID: PMC9311648 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Dearth of information on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in small-scale dairy cattle in Dar es Salaam, the commercial city of Tanzania, prompted us to conduct this study. The objective was to determine the different levels of resistance phenotypical patterns among Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from rectal swabs of apparently healthy cattle. Antimicrobial resistance occurs when microorganisms develop the ability to tolerate antimicrobial concentrations to which they were initially susceptible. It is a phenomenon of global concern, which is on the rise due to antimicrobial use in food-producing animals. In dairy farms, cattle carry high levels of AMR Escherichia coli (E. coli), and may act as a potential reservoir. The study revealed that resistance to ampicillin, cefotaxime, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was the most frequent. Resistance to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, and gentamycin was also observed among the E. coli isolates, but with lower percentages. E. coli resistant to third generation cephalosporins was also detected. The results of the current study give an insight into the status of antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance in small-scale dairy cattle in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The findings call for further research, prudent antimicrobial use, and surveillance initiatives. Abstract In Tanzania, information on antimicrobial resistance in small-scale dairy cattle is scarce. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the different levels and pattern of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), in 121 Escherichia coli isolated from rectal swab of 201 apparently healthy small-scale dairy cattle in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Isolation and identification of E. coli were carried out using enrichment media, selective media, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar (Merck), according to the recommendations of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Resistance was tested against ampicillin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime. Resistance to almost all antimicrobial agents was observed. The agents to which resistance was demonstrated most frequently were ampicillin (96.7%), cefotaxime (95.0%), tetracycline (50.4%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (42.1%) and nalidixic acid (33.1%). In this case, 20 extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing E. coli were identified. 74.4% (90/121) of the isolates were Multidrug resistant (MDR), ranging from a combination of three to 8 different classes. The most frequently observed phenotypes were AMP-SXT-CTX with a prevalence of 12.4%, followed by the combination AMP-CTX with 10.7% and TE-AMP-CTX and NA + TE + AMP + CTX with 8.3% each. The high prevalence and wide range of AMR calls for prudent antimicrobial use.
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