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Yan X, Zheng J, Ren W, Li S, Yang S, Zhi K, Gao L. O-GlcNAcylation: roles and potential therapeutic target for bone pathophysiology. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:279. [PMID: 38773637 PMCID: PMC11106977 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01659-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) protein modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is a critical post-translational modification (PTM) of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins. O-GlcNAcylation levels are regulated by the activity of two enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O‑GlcNAcase (OGA). While OGT attaches O-GlcNAc to proteins, OGA removes O-GlcNAc from proteins. Since its discovery, researchers have demonstrated O-GlcNAcylation on thousands of proteins implicated in numerous different biological processes. Moreover, dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation has been associated with several pathologies, including cancers, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on progress in our understanding of the role of O-GlcNAcylation in bone pathophysiology, and we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms of O-GlcNAcylation modulation of bone-related diseases. In addition, we explore significant advances in the identification of O-GlcNAcylation-related regulators as potential therapeutic targets, providing novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of bone-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, 266555, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- Department of Endodontics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, 266555, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoming Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, 266555, Shandong, China
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Keqian Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, 266555, Shandong, China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Key Lab of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Huangdao District, Qingdao, 266555, Shandong, China.
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2
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Nelson ZM, Leonard GD, Fehl C. Tools for investigating O-GlcNAc in signaling and other fundamental biological pathways. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105615. [PMID: 38159850 PMCID: PMC10831167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells continuously fine-tune signaling pathway proteins to match nutrient and stress levels in their local environment by modifying intracellular proteins with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) sugars, an essential process for cell survival and growth. The small size of these monosaccharide modifications poses a challenge for functional determination, but the chemistry and biology communities have together created a collection of precision tools to study these dynamic sugars. This review presents the major themes by which O-GlcNAc influences signaling pathway proteins, including G-protein coupled receptors, growth factor signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, lipid sensing, and cytokine signaling pathways. Along the way, we describe in detail key chemical biology tools that have been developed and applied to determine specific O-GlcNAc roles in these pathways. These tools include metabolic labeling, O-GlcNAc-enhancing RNA aptamers, fluorescent biosensors, proximity labeling tools, nanobody targeting tools, O-GlcNAc cycling inhibitors, light-activated systems, chemoenzymatic labeling, and nutrient reporter assays. An emergent feature of this signaling pathway meta-analysis is the intricate interplay between O-GlcNAc modifications across different signaling systems, underscoring the importance of O-GlcNAc in regulating cellular processes. We highlight the significance of O-GlcNAc in signaling and the role of chemical and biochemical tools in unraveling distinct glycobiological regulatory mechanisms. Collectively, our field has determined effective strategies to probe O-GlcNAc roles in biology. At the same time, this survey of what we do not yet know presents a clear roadmap for the field to use these powerful chemical tools to explore cross-pathway O-GlcNAc interactions in signaling and other major biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary M Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Garry D Leonard
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Charlie Fehl
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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3
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Packer M. Fetal Reprogramming of Nutrient Surplus Signaling, O-GlcNAcylation, and the Evolution of CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:1480-1491. [PMID: 37340541 PMCID: PMC10482065 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Fetal kidney development is characterized by increased uptake of glucose, ATP production by glycolysis, and upregulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 α ), which (acting in concert) promote nephrogenesis in a hypoxic low-tubular-workload environment. By contrast, the healthy adult kidney is characterized by upregulation of sirtuin-1 and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, which enhances ATP production through fatty acid oxidation to fulfill the needs of a normoxic high-tubular-workload environment. During stress or injury, the kidney reverts to a fetal signaling program, which is adaptive in the short term, but is deleterious if sustained for prolonged periods when both oxygen tension and tubular workload are heightened. Prolonged increases in glucose uptake in glomerular and proximal tubular cells lead to enhanced flux through the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway; its end product-uridine diphosphate N -acetylglucosamine-drives the rapid and reversible O-GlcNAcylation of thousands of intracellular proteins, typically those that are not membrane-bound or secreted. Both O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation act at serine/threonine residues, but whereas phosphorylation is regulated by hundreds of specific kinases and phosphatases, O-GlcNAcylation is regulated only by O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase, which adds or removes N-acetylglucosamine, respectively, from target proteins. Diabetic and nondiabetic CKD is characterized by fetal reprogramming (with upregulation of mTOR and HIF-1 α ) and increased O-GlcNAcylation, both experimentally and clinically. Augmentation of O-GlcNAcylation in the adult kidney enhances oxidative stress, cell cycle entry, apoptosis, and activation of proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways, and it inhibits megalin-mediated albumin endocytosis in glomerular mesangial and proximal tubular cells-effects that can be aggravated and attenuated by augmentation and muting of O-GlcNAcylation, respectively. In addition, drugs with known nephroprotective effects-angiotensin receptor blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors-are accompanied by diminished O-GlcNAcylation in the kidney, although the role of such suppression in mediating their benefits has not been explored. The available evidence supports further work on the role of uridine diphosphate N -acetylglucosamine as a critical nutrient surplus sensor (acting in concert with upregulated mTOR and HIF-1 α signaling) in the development of diabetic and nondiabetic CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute , Dallas , Texas and Imperial College , London , United Kingdom
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4
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Zhang H, Zhang J, Dong H, Kong Y, Guan Y. Emerging field: O-GlcNAcylation in ferroptosis. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1203269. [PMID: 37251080 PMCID: PMC10213749 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1203269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2012, researchers proposed a non-apoptotic, iron-dependent form of cell death caused by lipid peroxidation called ferroptosis. During the past decade, a comprehensive understanding of ferroptosis has emerged. Ferroptosis is closely associated with the tumor microenvironment, cancer, immunity, aging, and tissue damage. Its mechanism is precisely regulated at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-translational levels. O-GlcNAc modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is one of the post-translational modifications of proteins. Cells can modulate cell survival in response to stress stimuli, including apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, through adaptive regulation by O-GlcNAcylation. However, the function and mechanism of these modifications in regulating ferroptosis are only beginning to be understood. Here, we review the relevant literature within the last 5 years and present the current understanding of the regulatory function of O-GlcNAcylation in ferroptosis and the potential mechanisms that may be involved, including antioxidant defense system-controlled reactive oxygen species biology, iron metabolism, and membrane lipid peroxidation metabolism. In addition to these three areas of ferroptosis research, we examine how changes in the morphology and function of subcellular organelles (e.g., mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum) involved in O-GlcNAcylation may trigger and amplify ferroptosis. We have dissected the role of O-GlcNAcylation in regulating ferroptosis and hope that our introduction will provide a general framework for those interested in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshuo Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Haojie Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Papanicolaou KN, Jung J, Ashok D, Zhang W, Modaressanavi A, Avila E, Foster DB, Zachara NE, O'Rourke B. Inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation impacts p38 and Erk1/2 signaling and perturbs cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102907. [PMID: 36642184 PMCID: PMC9988579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic cycling of O-linked GlcNAc (O-GlcNAc) on and off Ser/Thr residues of intracellular proteins, termed O-GlcNAcylation, is mediated by the conserved enzymes O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase. O-GlcNAc cycling is important in homeostatic and stress responses, and its perturbation sensitizes the heart to ischemic and other injuries. Despite considerable progress, many molecular pathways impacted by O-GlcNAcylation in the heart remain unclear. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a central signaling cascade that coordinates developmental, physiological, and pathological responses in the heart. The developmental or adaptive arm of MAPK signaling is primarily mediated by Erk kinases, while the pathophysiologic arm is mediated by p38 and Jnk kinases. Here, we examine whether O-GlcNAcylation affects MAPK signaling in cardiac myocytes, focusing on Erk1/2 and p38 in basal and hypertrophic conditions induced by phenylephrine. Using metabolic labeling of glycans coupled with alkyne-azide "click" chemistry, we found that Erk1/2 and p38 are O-GlcNAcylated. Supporting the regulation of p38 by O-GlcNAcylation, the OGT inhibitor, OSMI-1, triggers the phosphorylation of p38, an event that involves the NOX2-Ask1-MKK3/6 signaling axis and also the noncanonical activator Tab1. Additionally, OGT inhibition blocks the phenylephrine-induced phosphorylation of Erk1/2. Consistent with perturbed MAPK signaling, OSMI-1-treated cardiomyocytes have a blunted hypertrophic response to phenylephrine, decreased expression of cTnT (key component of the contractile apparatus), and increased expression of maladaptive natriuretic factors Anp and Bnp. Collectively, these studies highlight new roles for O-GlcNAcylation in maintaining a balanced activity of Erk1/2 and p38 MAPKs during hypertrophic growth responses in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriakos N Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
| | - Jessica Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Deepthi Ashok
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Wenxi Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Amir Modaressanavi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Eddie Avila
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - D Brian Foster
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Natasha E Zachara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian O'Rourke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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The Mechanism of Hyperglycemia-Induced Renal Cell Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Disease: An Update. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020539. [PMID: 36836895 PMCID: PMC9967500 DOI: 10.3390/life13020539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of type I and II diabetes. It develops from the initial microproteinuria to end-stage renal failure. The main initiator for DN is chronic hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia (HG) can stimulate the resident and non-resident renal cells to produce humoral mediators and cytokines that can lead to functional and phenotypic changes in renal cells and tissues, interference with cell growth, interacting proteins, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), etc., ultimately resulting in glomerular and tubular damage and the onset of kidney disease. Therefore, poor blood glucose control is a particularly important risk factor for the development of DN. In this paper, the types and mechanisms of DN cell damage are classified and summarized by reviewing the related literature concerning the effect of hyperglycemia on the development of DN. At the cellular level, we summarize the mechanisms and effects of renal damage by hyperglycemia. This is expected to provide therapeutic ideas and inspiration for further studies on the treatment of patients with DN.
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7
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Afsar B, Afsar RE. Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors and kidney fibrosis: review of the current evidence and related mechanisms. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:44-68. [PMID: 36534320 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a new class of anti-diabetic drugs that have beneficial cardiovascular and renal effects. These drugs decrease proximal tubular glucose reabsorption and decrease blood glucose levels as a main anti-diabetic action. Furthermore, SGLT2i decreases glomerular hyperfiltration by a tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism. However, the renal benefits of these agents are independent of glucose-lowering and hemodynamic factors, and SGLT2i also impacts the kidney structure including kidney fibrosis. Renal fibrosis is a common pathway and pathological marker of virtually every type of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and amelioration of renal fibrosis is of utmost importance to reduce the progression of CKD. Recent studies have shown that SGLT2i impact many cellular processes including inflammation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, metabolic functions, and renin-angiotensin system (RAS) which all are related with kidney fibrosis. Indeed, most but not all studies showed that renal fibrosis was ameliorated by SGLT2i through the reduction of inflammation, hypoxia, oxidative stress, and RAS activation. In addition, less known effects on SGLT2i on klotho expression, capillary rarefaction, signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling and peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase (Pin1) levels may partly explain the anti-fibrotic effects of SGLT2i in kidneys. It is important to remember that some studies have not shown any beneficial effects of SGLT2i on kidney fibrosis. Given this background, in the current review, we have summarized the studies and pathophysiologic aspects of SGL2 inhibition on renal fibrosis in various CKD models and tried to explain the potential reasons for contrasting findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Afsar
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Rengin Elsurer Afsar
- Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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8
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Zhou Y, Li Z, Xu M, Zhang D, Ling J, Yu P, Shen Y. O-GlycNacylation Remission Retards the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223637. [PMID: 36429065 PMCID: PMC9688300 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disease spectrum associated with insulin resistance (IR), from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). O-GlcNAcylation is a posttranslational modification, regulated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Abnormal O-GlcNAcylation plays a key role in IR, fat deposition, inflammatory injury, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. However, the specific mechanisms and clinical treatments of O-GlcNAcylation and NAFLD are yet to be elucidated. The modification contributes to understanding the pathogenesis and development of NAFLD, thus clarifying the protective effect of O-GlcNAcylation inhibition on liver injury. In this review, the crucial role of O-GlcNAcylation in NAFLD (from NAFL to HCC) is discussed, and the effect of therapeutics on O-GlcNAcylation and its potential mechanisms on NAFLD have been highlighted. These inferences present novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatments of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (P.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (P.Y.); (Y.S.)
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9
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Silva-Aguiar RP, Peruchetti DB, Pinheiro AAS, Caruso-Neves C, Dias WB. O-GlcNAcylation in Renal (Patho)Physiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911260. [PMID: 36232558 PMCID: PMC9569498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys maintain internal milieu homeostasis through a well-regulated manipulation of body fluid composition. This task is performed by the correlation between structure and function in the nephron. Kidney diseases are chronic conditions impacting healthcare programs globally, and despite efforts, therapeutic options for its treatment are limited. The development of chronic degenerative diseases is associated with changes in protein O-GlcNAcylation, a post-translation modification involved in the regulation of diverse cell function. O-GlcNAcylation is regulated by the enzymatic balance between O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) which add and remove GlcNAc residues on target proteins, respectively. Furthermore, the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway provides the substrate for protein O-GlcNAcylation. Beyond its physiological role, several reports indicate the participation of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases. In this review, we discuss the impact of protein O-GlcNAcylation on physiological renal function, disease conditions, and possible future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo P. Silva-Aguiar
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Diogo B. Peruchetti
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Acacia S. Pinheiro
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Caruso-Neves
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Wagner B. Dias
- Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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10
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Massman LJ, Pereckas M, Zwagerman NT, Olivier-Van Stichelen S. O-GlcNAcylation Is Essential for Rapid Pomc Expression and Cell Proliferation in Corticotropic Tumor Cells. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6356179. [PMID: 34418053 PMCID: PMC8482966 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas have a staggering 16.7% lifetime prevalence and can be devastating in many patients because of profound endocrine and neurologic dysfunction. To date, no clear genomic or epigenomic markers correlate with their onset or severity. Herein, we investigate the impact of the O-GlcNAc posttranslational modification in their etiology. Found in more than 7000 human proteins to date, O-GlcNAcylation dynamically regulates proteins in critical signaling pathways, and its deregulation is involved in cancer progression and endocrine diseases such as diabetes. In this study, we demonstrated that O-GlcNAc enzymes were upregulated, particularly in aggressive adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-secreting tumors, suggesting a role for O-GlcNAcylation in pituitary adenoma etiology. In addition to the demonstration that O-GlcNAcylation was essential for their proliferation, we showed that the endocrine function of pituitary adenoma is also dependent on O-GlcNAcylation. In corticotropic tumors, hypersecretion of the proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived hormone ACTH leads to Cushing disease, materialized by severe endocrine disruption and increased mortality. We demonstrated that Pomc messenger RNA is stabilized in an O-GlcNAc-dependent manner in response to corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH). By affecting Pomc mRNA splicing and stability, O-GlcNAcylation contributes to this new mechanism of fast hormonal response in corticotropes. Thus, this study stresses the essential role of O-GlcNAcylation in ACTH-secreting adenomas' pathophysiology, including cellular proliferation and hypersecretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan J Massman
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Michael Pereckas
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Nathan T Zwagerman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
| | - Stephanie Olivier-Van Stichelen
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226, USA
- Correspondence: Stephanie Olivier-Van Stichelen, PhD, Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, BSB355, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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11
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Rodríguez ML, Millán I, Ortega ÁL. Cellular targets in diabetic retinopathy therapy. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:1442-1462. [PMID: 34630899 PMCID: PMC8472497 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i9.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the existence of treatment for diabetes, inadequate metabolic control triggers the appearance of chronic complications such as diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is considered a multifactorial disease of complex etiology in which oxidative stress and low chronic inflammation play essential roles. Chronic exposure to hyperglycemia triggers a loss of redox balance that is critical for the appearance of neuronal and vascular damage during the development and progression of the disease. Current therapies for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy are used in advanced stages of the disease and are unable to reverse the retinal damage induced by hyperglycemia. The lack of effective therapies without side effects means there is an urgent need to identify an early action capable of preventing the development of the disease and its pathophysiological consequences in order to avoid loss of vision associated with diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, in this review we propose different therapeutic targets related to the modulation of the redox and inflammatory status that, potentially, can prevent the development and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lucía Rodríguez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iván Millán
- Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel Luis Ortega
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Burjassot 46100, Valencia, Spain
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Guo X, Deng Y, Zhan L, Shang J, Liu H. O‑GlcNAcylation contributes to intermittent hypoxia‑associated vascular dysfunction via modulation of MAPKs but not CaMKII pathways. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:744. [PMID: 34435655 PMCID: PMC8430318 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) leads to vascular dysfunction, and O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)ylation may regulate vascular reactivity through the modulation of intracellular signaling. The present study hypothesized that O-GlcNAc modifications contributed to the vascular effects of acute IH (AIH) and chronic IH (CIH) through the MAPK and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) pathways. Rat aortic and mesenteric segments were incubated with DMSO, O-GlcNAcase (OGA) or O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) inhibitor under either normoxic or AIH conditions for 3 h, and arterial function was then assessed. Meanwhile, arteries isolated from control and CIH rats were exposed to 3 h of incubation under normoxic conditions using DMSO, OGA or OGT as an inhibitor, before assessing arterial reactivity. CIH was found to increase the expression of vascular O-GlcNAc protein and OGT, phosphorylate p38 MAPK and ERK1/2, and decrease OGA levels, but it had no effects on phosphorylated CaMKII levels. OGA inhibition increased global O-GlcNAcylation and the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and CaMKII, whereas OGT blockade had the opposite effects. OGA inhibition preserved acetylcholine-induced relaxation in AIH arteries, whereas OGT blockade attenuated the relaxation responses of arteries under normoxic conditions or undergoing AIH treatments. However, the impairment of acetylcholine dilation in CIH mesenteric arteries was improved. CIH artery contraction was increased following angiotensin II (Ang II) exposure. Blockade of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2, but not CaMKII, attenuated Ang II-induced contractile responses in CIH arteries isolated from the non-OGT inhibitor-treated groups. OGT inhibition significantly blocked contractile responses to Ang II and abolished the inhibitory effects of MAPK inhibitors. These findings indicated that O-GlcNAcylation regulates IH-induced vascular dysfunction, at least partly by modulating MAPK, but not CaMKII, signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Yan Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of The Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Linghui Zhan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jin Shang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of The Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Huiguo Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of The Ministry of Health, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Yu T, Yang Q, Tian F, Chang H, Hu Z, Yu B, Han L, Xing Y, Jiu Y, He Y, Zhong J. Glycometabolism regulates hepatitis C virus release. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009746. [PMID: 34297778 PMCID: PMC8301660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
HCV cell-culture system uses hepatoma-derived cell lines for efficient virus propagation. Tumor cells cultured in glucose undergo active aerobic glycolysis, but switch to oxidative phosphorylation for energy production when cultured in galactose. Here, we investigated whether modulation of glycolysis in hepatocytes affects HCV infection. We showed HCV release, but not entry, genome replication or virion assembly, is significantly blocked when cells are cultured in galactose, leading to accumulation of intracellular infectious virions within multivesicular body (MVB). Blockade of the MVB-lysosome fusion or treatment with pro-inflammatory cytokines promotes HCV release in galactose. Furthermore, we found this glycometabolic regulation of HCV release is mediated by MAPK-p38 phosphorylation. Finally, we showed HCV cell-to-cell transmission is not affected by glycometabolism, suggesting that HCV cell-to-supernatant release and cell-to-cell transmission are two mechanistically distinct pathways. In summary, we demonstrated glycometabolism regulates the efficiency and route of HCV release. We proposed HCV may exploit the metabolic state in hepatocytes to favor its spread through the cell-to-cell transmission in vivo to evade immune response. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a positive-stranded RNA virus that causes acute and chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV infectious cycle comprises viral entry, uncoating, translation and replication of viral RNA, assembly into new virions and release. Establishment of HCV cell culture system (HCVcc) has yielded many insights into complete HCV infectious cycle in Huh7 cell and Huh7-derived human hepatoma cell lines. However, because hepatoma-derived cell lines and hepatocytes vary in metabolism, HCV infectious cycle in tumor cell lines and the patient’s liver may also be different. Therefore, we explored the alterations of HCV infectious cycle by forcing the tumor cell lines to switch their glycometabolic pathways. We found that HCV release can be blocked by culturing cells in galactose-containing medium, leading to accumulation of intracellular infectious virions within MVB. Moreover, we provided new evidence to suggest that HCV cell-to-cell transmission may be mechanistically distinct from cell-to-supernatant release. Finally, we proposed a new concept that HCV release from hepatocytes into circulation may be naturally inefficient due to the metabolic state in liver that may favor more HCV cell-to-cell transmission. This strategy would allow HCV to effectively evade neutralizing antibodies to establish persistent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiankun Yang
- Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangling Tian
- Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haishuang Chang
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
| | - Zhenzheng Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
| | - Bowen Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
| | - Lin Han
- Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Xing
- Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction Unit, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaming Jiu
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
- Cell Biology and Imaging Study of Pathogen Host Interaction Unit, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongning He
- Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Jin Zhong
- Unit of Viral Hepatitis, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Bolanle IO, Riches-Suman K, Loubani M, Williamson R, Palmer TM. Revascularisation of type 2 diabetics with coronary artery disease: Insights and therapeutic targeting of O-GlcNAcylation. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:1349-1356. [PMID: 33812732 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) using autologous saphenous vein continues to be a gold standard procedure to restore the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscles in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, CAD patients with T2DM are at higher risk of graft failure. While failure rates have been reduced through improvements in procedure-related factors, much less is known about the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which T2DM initiates vein graft failure. This review gives novel insights into these cellular and molecular mechanisms and identifies potential therapeutic targets for development of new medicines to improve vein graft patency. DATA SYNTHESIS One important cellular process that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of T2DM is protein O-GlcNAcylation, a dynamic, reversible post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues on target proteins that is controlled by two enzymes: O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Protein O-GlcNAcylation impacts a range of cellular processes, including trafficking, metabolism, inflammation and cytoskeletal organisation. Altered O-GlcNAcylation homeostasis have, therefore, been linked to a range of human pathologies with a metabolic component, including T2DM. CONCLUSION We propose that protein O-GlcNAcylation alters vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cell function through modification of specific protein targets which contribute to the vascular re-modelling responsible for saphenous vein graft failure in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel O Bolanle
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Kirsten Riches-Suman
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Mahmoud Loubani
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham HU16 5JQ, UK
| | - Ritchie Williamson
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Timothy M Palmer
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
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Anastasiou IA, Eleftheriadou I, Tentolouris A, Koliaki C, Kosta OA, Tentolouris N. CDATA[The Effect of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Therapies on Pancreatic β-cell Dysfunction: Results from in Vitro and in Vivo Studies. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1328-1346. [PMID: 32452321 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200526135642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is a hallmark of many diseases. A growing body of evidence suggests that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays an important role in pancreatic β-cells dysfunction and apoptosis, as well as in the development and progression of diabetic complications. Considering the vulnerability of pancreatic β-cells to oxidative damage, the induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes or exogenous antioxidant administration has been proposed to protect pancreatic β-cells from damage. OBJECTIVES The present review aims to provide evidence of the effect of oxidative stress and antioxidant therapies on pancreatic β-cell function, based on in vitro and in vivo studies. METHODS The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched to retrieve available data. RESULTS Due to poor endogenous antioxidant mechanisms, pancreatic β-cells are extremely sensitive to Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Many natural extracts have been tested in vitro in pancreatic β-cell lines in terms of their antioxidant and diabetes mellitus ameliorating effects, and the majority of them have shown a dose-dependent protective role. On the other hand, there is relatively limited evidence regarding the in vitro antioxidant effects of antidiabetic drugs on pancreatic β -cells. Concerning in vivo studies, several natural extracts have shown beneficial effects in the setting of diabetes by decreasing blood glucose and lipid levels, increasing insulin sensitivity, and by up-regulating intrinsic antioxidant enzyme activity. However, there is limited evidence obtained from in vivo studies regarding antidiabetic drugs. CONCLUSION Antioxidants hold promise for developing strategies aimed at the prevention or treatment of diabetes mellitus associated with pancreatic β-cells dysfunction, as supported by in vitro and in vivo studies. However, more in vitro studies are required for drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna A Anastasiou
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 AgiouThoma St., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Eleftheriadou
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 AgiouThoma St., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 AgiouThoma St., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysi Koliaki
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 AgiouThoma St., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Ourania A Kosta
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 AgiouThoma St., 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 AgiouThoma St., 11527 Athens, Greece
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16
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Marino A, Hausenloy DJ, Andreadou I, Horman S, Bertrand L, Beauloye C. AMP-activated protein kinase: A remarkable contributor to preserve a healthy heart against ROS injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:238-254. [PMID: 33675956 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Left ventricle remodeling, fibrosis, and ischemia/reperfusion injury all contribute to the deterioration of cardiac function and predispose to the onset of heart failure. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the universally recognized energy sensor which responds to low ATP levels and restores cellular metabolism. AMPK activation controls numerous cellular processes and, in the heart, it plays a pivotal role in preventing onset and progression of disease. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, known as oxidative stress, can activate AMPK, conferring an additional role of AMPK as a redox-sensor. In this review, we discuss recent insights into the crosstalk between ROS and AMPK. We describe the molecular mechanisms by which ROS activate AMPK and how AMPK signaling can further prevent heart failure progression. Ultimately, we review the potential therapeutic approaches to target AMPK for the treatment of cardiovascular disease and prevention of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Marino
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore; The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK; Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taiwan
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Pôle de Recherche Cardiovasculaire, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Division of Cardiology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
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Liu Y, Yao RZ, Lian S, Liu P, Hu YJ, Shi HZ, Lv HM, Yang YY, Xu B, Li SZ. O-GlcNAcylation: the "stress and nutrition receptor" in cell stress response. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:297-309. [PMID: 33159661 PMCID: PMC7925768 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an atypical, reversible, and dynamic glycosylation that plays a critical role in maintaining the normal physiological functions of cells by regulating various biological processes such as signal transduction, proteasome activity, apoptosis, autophagy, transcription, and translation. It can also respond to environmental changes and physiological signals to play the role of "stress receptor" and "nutrition sensor" in a variety of stress responses and biological processes. Even, a homeostatic disorder of O-GlcNAcylation may cause many diseases. Therefore, O-GlcNAcylation and its regulatory role in stress response are reviewed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Zhi Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Lian
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jie Hu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Zhao Shi
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Ming Lv
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ying Yang
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shi-Ze Li
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Fang N, Li P. O-linked N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase OGT inhibits diabetic nephropathy by stabilizing histone methyltransferases EZH2 via the HES1/PTEN axis. Life Sci 2021; 274:119226. [PMID: 33609540 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND O-linked N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (OGT) is involved in diabetes-related diseases including diabetic nephropathy (DN), and responsible for O-GlcNAcylation. Moreover, O-GlcNAcylation and OGT could be induced by high glucose. Thus, we sought to explore the molecular mechanism of OGT in DN. METHODS Loss- and gain-functions were conducted to determine the roles of OGT, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) in the viability, cell cycle and fibrosis of mesangial cells (MCs), followed by the assessment using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry, and Western blot assay (fibrosis-related proteins). The interaction between OGT and EZH2 and the effect on EZH2 glycosylation were verified by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assays. EZH2 stability was checked by treatment with cycloheximide. RESULTS Expression of OGT was repressed in the DN mice and high glucose-treated MCs. Elevated OGT suppressed viability of high glucose-treated MCs, blocked proliferation characterized by repressed cyclin D1, but enhanced p21 levels, and inhibited fibrosis evidenced by reduced levels of fibronectin (FN) and collagen-4 (col-4). OGT interacted with EZH2 and promoted its glycosylation thus stabilizing the EZH2. EZH2 overexpression enhanced the enrichment of EZH2 and histone H3 Lys27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) in the HES1 promoter. HES1 was upregulated and PTEN was downregulated in DN mice. Transduction of lentivirus vector containing overexpression (oe)-OGT alleviated renal injury in DN mice. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, OGT stabilizes histone methyltransferases EZH2 to regulate HES1/PTEN thus inhibiting DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Ping Li
- Special Inspection Section, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
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Bolanle IO, Riches-Suman K, Williamson R, Palmer TM. Emerging roles of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular diseases: Insights and novel therapeutic targets. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105467. [PMID: 33515704 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. While the major focus of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions has been on targeting disease pathophysiology and limiting predisposing factors, our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CVDs remains incomplete. One mechanism that has recently emerged is protein O-GlcNAcylation. This is a dynamic, site-specific reversible post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues on target proteins and is controlled by two enzymes: O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (OGA). Protein O-GlcNAcylation alters the cellular functions of these target proteins which play vital roles in pathways that modulate vascular homeostasis and cardiac function. Through this review, we aim to give insights on the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation in cardiovascular diseases and identify potential therapeutic targets in this pathway for development of more effective medicines to improve patient outcomes.
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Key Words
- (R)-N-(Furan-2-ylmethyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-6-sulfonamido)-N-(thiophen-2-ylmethyl)acetamide [OSMI-1] (PubChem CID: 118634407)
- 2-(2-Amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one [PD98059] (PubChem CID: 4713)
- 5H-Pyrano[3,2-d]thiazole-6,7-diol, 2-(ethylamino)-3a,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-5-(hydroxymethyl)-(3aR,5R,6S,7R,7aR) [Thiamet-G] (PubChem CID: 1355663540)
- 6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine [DON] (PubChem CID: 9087)
- Alloxan (PubChem CID: 5781)
- Azaserine (PubChem CID: 460129)
- BADGP, Benzyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-d-galactopyranoside [BADGP] (PubChem CID: 561184)
- Cardiovascular disease
- Methoxybenzene-sulfonamide [KN-93] (PubChem CID: 5312122)
- N-[(5S,6R,7R,8R)-6,7-Dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(2-phenylethyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-8-yl]-2-methylpropanamide [GlcNAcstatin] (PubChem CID: 122173013)
- O-(2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosyliden)amino-N-phenylcarbamate [PUGNAc] (PubChem CID: 9576811)
- O-GlcNAc transferase
- O-GlcNAcase
- Protein O-GlcNAcylation
- Streptozotocin (PubCHem CID: 7067772)
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Olapeju Bolanle
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Kirsten Riches-Suman
- School of Chemistry and Bioscience, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Ritchie Williamson
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Timothy M Palmer
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
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MEN LH, PI ZF, HU MX, LIU S, LIU ZQ, SONG FR, CHEN X, LIU ZY. Serum Metabolomics Coupled with Network Pharmacology Strategy to Explore Therapeutic Effects of Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi on Diabetic Nephropathy. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(20)60075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Hassan SU, Donia A, Sial U, Zhang X, Bokhari H. Glycoprotein- and Lectin-Based Approaches for Detection of Pathogens. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9090694. [PMID: 32847039 PMCID: PMC7558909 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9090694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases alone are estimated to result in approximately 40% of the 50 million total annual deaths globally. The importance of basic research in the control of emerging and re-emerging diseases cannot be overemphasized. However, new nanotechnology-based methodologies exploiting unique surface-located glycoproteins or their patterns can be exploited to detect pathogens at the point of use or on-site with high specificity and sensitivity. These technologies will, therefore, affect our ability in the future to more accurately assess risk. The critical challenge is making these new methodologies cost-effective, as well as simple to use, for the diagnostics industry and public healthcare providers. Miniaturization of biochemical assays in lab-on-a-chip devices has emerged as a promising tool. Miniaturization has the potential to shape modern biotechnology and how point-of-care testing of infectious diseases will be performed by developing smart microdevices that require minute amounts of sample and reagents and are cost-effective, robust, and sensitive and specific. The current review provides a short overview of some of the futuristic approaches using simple molecular interactions between glycoproteins and glycoprotein-binding molecules for the efficient and rapid detection of various pathogens at the point of use, advancing the emerging field of glyconanodiagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammer-ul Hassan
- Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
- Correspondence: (S.H); (H.B.)
| | - Ahmed Donia
- Biosciences Department, Faculty of Science, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan; (A.D.); (U.S.)
| | - Usman Sial
- Biosciences Department, Faculty of Science, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan; (A.D.); (U.S.)
| | - Xunli Zhang
- Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
| | - Habib Bokhari
- Biosciences Department, Faculty of Science, Comsats University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan; (A.D.); (U.S.)
- Correspondence: (S.H); (H.B.)
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22
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OGT suppresses S6K1-mediated macrophage inflammation and metabolic disturbance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:16616-16625. [PMID: 32601203 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916121117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhanced inflammation is believed to contribute to overnutrition-induced metabolic disturbance. Nutrient flux has also been shown to be essential for immune cell activation. Here, we report an unexpected role of nutrient-sensing O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) signaling in suppressing macrophage proinflammatory activation and preventing diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. Overnutrition stimulates an increase in O-GlcNAc signaling in macrophages. O-GlcNAc signaling is down-regulated during macrophage proinflammatory activation. Suppressing O-GlcNAc signaling by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) knockout enhances macrophage proinflammatory polarization, promotes adipose tissue inflammation and lipolysis, increases lipid accumulation in peripheral tissues, and exacerbates tissue-specific and whole-body insulin resistance in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. OGT inhibits macrophage proinflammatory activation by catalyzing ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1) O-GlcNAcylation and suppressing S6K1 phosphorylation and mTORC1 signaling. These findings thus identify macrophage O-GlcNAc signaling as a homeostatic mechanism maintaining whole-body metabolism under overnutrition.
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23
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Vecchié A, Montecucco F, Carbone F, Dallegri F, Bonaventura A. Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Is It All About Glycemia? Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3112-3127. [PMID: 31470783 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190830181944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is increasing over time, mainly driven by obesity, aging, and urbanization. Classical macro- and microvascular complications represent the final result of a complex interplay involving atherosclerosis at all stages. METHODS In this review, we aim at focusing on current updates in the pathophysiology of vascular disease in diabetes and discussing how new therapies might influence the management of these patients at high cardiovascular risk. Diabetes shows accelerated atherosclerosis with a larger inflammatory cell infiltrate, thus favoring the development of heart failure. 'Diabetic cardiomyopathy' perfectly describes a specific ischemia- and hypertension- independent entity due to diabetes-related metabolic alterations on myocardial function. Moreover, platelets from subjects with diabetes display a typical hyperreactivity explaining the stronger adhesion, activation, and aggregation. Additionally, diabetes provokes an exaggerated stimulation of the endothelium, with an increased release of reactive oxygen species and a reduced release of nitric oxide, both key elements of the endothelial dysfunction. Also, the coagulation cascade and leukocytes activate contributing to this pro-thrombotic environment. Neutrophils have been recently recognized to play a pivotal role by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps. Finally, microparticles from platelets, neutrophils or monocytes are detrimental effectors on the vessel wall and are involved both in vascular dysfunction and in thrombotic complications. CONCLUSION In light of these findings, the therapeutic management of diabetes needs to be mostly focused on limiting the progression of complications by targeting precise pathophysiological mechanisms rather than the mere glycemic control, which failed to markedly reduce the risk for macrovascular complications and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy.,Virginia Commonwealth University, Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
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24
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Hodrea J, Balogh DB, Hosszu A, Lenart L, Besztercei B, Koszegi S, Sparding N, Genovese F, Wagner LJ, Szabo AJ, Fekete A. Reduced O-GlcNAcylation and tubular hypoxia contribute to the antifibrotic effect of SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in the diabetic kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F1017-F1029. [PMID: 32116017 PMCID: PMC7242633 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00021.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease is a worldwide epidemic, and therapies are incomplete. Clinical data suggest that improved renal outcomes by Na+-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) are partly beyond their antihyperglycemic effects; however, the mechanisms are still elusive. Here, we investigated the effect of the SGLT2i dapagliflozin (DAPA) in the prevention of elevated O-GlcNAcylation and tubular hypoxia as contributors of renal fibrosis. Type 1 diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in adult male Wistar rats. After the onset of diabetes, rats were treated for 6 wk with DAPA or DAPA combined with losartan (LOS). The effect of hyperglycemia was tested in HK-2 cells kept under normal or high glucose conditions. To test the effect of hypoxia, cells were kept in 1% O2 for 2 h. Cells were treated with DAPA or DAPA combined with LOS. DAPA slowed the loss of renal function, mitigated renal tubular injury markers (kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), and reduced tubulointerstitial fibrosis. DAPA diminished high glucose-induced protein O-GlcNAcylation and moderated the tubular response to hypoxia through the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway. DAPA alone was as effective as combined treatment with LOS in all outcome parameters. These data highlight the role of ameliorated O-GlcNAcylation and diminished tubular hypoxia as important benefits of SGLT2i treatment. Our results support the link between glucose toxicity, tubular hypoxia, and fibrosis, a vicious trio that could be targeted by SGLT2i in kidney diseases of other origins as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Hodrea
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dora B Balogh
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Hosszu
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Lenart
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Besztercei
- Institute of Clinical Experimental Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Koszegi
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nadja Sparding
- Nordic Bioscience, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark.,Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | | | - Laszlo J Wagner
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabo
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Paediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Fekete
- MTA-SE "Lendület" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Oxidative Stress and Microvascular Alterations in Diabetic Retinopathy: Future Therapies. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4940825. [PMID: 31814880 PMCID: PMC6878793 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4940825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a disease that can be treated with oral antidiabetic agents and/or insulin. However, patients' metabolic control is inadequate in a high percentage of them and a major cause of chronic diseases like diabetic retinopathy. Approximately 15% of patients have some degree of diabetic retinopathy when diabetes is first diagnosed, and most will have developed this microvascular complication after 20 years. Early diagnosis of the disease is the best tool to prevent or delay vision loss and reduce the involved costs. However, diabetic retinopathy is an asymptomatic disease and its development to advanced stages reduces the effectiveness of treatments. Today, the recommended treatment for severe nonproliferative and proliferative diabetic retinopathy is photocoagulation with an argon laser and intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF associated with, or not, focal laser for diabetic macular oedema. The use of these therapeutic approaches is severely limited, such as uncomfortable administration for patients, long-term side effects, the costs they incur, and the therapeutic effectiveness of the employed management protocols. Hence, diabetic retinopathy is the widespread diabetic eye disease and a leading cause of blindness in adults in developed countries. The growing interest in using polyphenols, e.g., resveratrol, in treatments related to oxidative stress diseases has spread to diabetic retinopathy. This review focuses on analysing the sources and effects of oxidative stress and inflammation on vascular alterations and diabetic retinopathy development. Furthermore, current and antioxidant therapies, together with new molecular targets, are postulated for diabetic retinopathy treatment.
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26
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Li X, Wang L, Ma H. Betaine alleviates high glucose‑induced mesangial cell proliferation by inhibiting cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via the AKT/ERK1/2/p38 MAPK pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1754-1760. [PMID: 31257485 PMCID: PMC6625408 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of chronic renal failure in diabetic patients worldwide. Betaine, a zwitterionic quaternary ammonium salt compound, is involved in numerous biological processes. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of betaine on mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) cultured under high glucose (HG) conditions and its underlying mechanisms. MMCs were treated with betaine under HG conditions. Cell proliferation and the cell cycle distribution were investigated with an MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses were applied to respectively determine protein and mRNA expression levels. The results suggested that betaine decreased cell proliferation in a dose‑dependent manner, while G1‑phase arrest was significantly induced in MMCs. Compared with the control group, the expression levels of p21 and p27 decreased under HG conditions, but were reversed by betaine. Furthermore, the expression levels of fibronectin and type IV collagen were significantly decreased in cells treated with betaine compared with the HG group. Additionally, betaine decreased the phosphorylation of Akt, extracellular‑signal‑regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK), but was enhanced under HG conditions. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that betaine serves a protective role in HG‑induced MMCs by inhibiting cell proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition via regulating regulation of the Akt/Erk1/2/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhui Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cell, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center of Public Health Ministry, Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300170, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin 300222, P.R. China
| | - Huining Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 4th Centre Hospital, Tianjin 300140, P.R. China
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27
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Chen CH, Lin KD, Ke LY, Liang CJ, Kuo WC, Lee MY, Lee YL, Hsiao PJ, Hsu CC, Shin SJ. O-GlcNAcylation disrupts STRA6-retinol signals in kidneys of diabetes. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:1059-1069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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28
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Jensen RV, Andreadou I, Hausenloy DJ, Bøtker HE. The Role of O-GlcNAcylation for Protection against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020404. [PMID: 30669312 PMCID: PMC6359045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia reperfusion injury (IR injury) associated with ischemic heart disease contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a dynamic posttranslational modification that plays an important role in numerous biological processes, both in normal cell functions and disease. O-GlcNAc increases in response to stress. This increase mediates stress tolerance and cell survival, and is protective. Increasing O-GlcNAc is protective against IR injury. Experimental cellular and animal models, and also human studies, have demonstrated that protection against IR injury by ischemic preconditioning, and the more clinically applicable remote ischemic preconditioning, is associated with increases in O-GlcNAc levels. In this review we discuss how the principal mechanisms underlying tissue protection against IR injury and the associated immediate elevation of O-GlcNAc may involve attenuation of calcium overload, attenuation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, reduction of endoplasmic reticulum stress, modification of inflammatory and heat shock responses, and interference with established cardioprotective pathways. O-GlcNAcylation seems to be an inherent adaptive cytoprotective response to IR injury that is activated by mechanical conditioning strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekka Vibjerg Jensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
| | - Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis, 15771 Zografou, Greece.
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore 169609, Singapore.
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6HX, UK.
- The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, Research & Development, London W1T 7DN, UK.
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Centro de Biotecnologia-FEMSA, Monterrey 64849, Mexico.
| | - Hans Erik Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
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29
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Giri B, Dey S, Das T, Sarkar M, Banerjee J, Dash SK. Chronic hyperglycemia mediated physiological alteration and metabolic distortion leads to organ dysfunction, infection, cancer progression and other pathophysiological consequences: An update on glucose toxicity. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:306-328. [PMID: 30098549 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of glucose rich environment creates several physiological and pathophysiological changes. There are several pathways by which hyperglycemia exacerbate its toxic effect on cells, tissues and organ systems. Hyperglycemia can induce oxidative stress, upsurge polyol pathway, activate protein kinase C (PKC), enhance hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), promote the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and finally alters gene expressions. Prolonged hyperglycemic condition leads to severe diabetic condition by damaging the pancreatic β-cell and inducing insulin resistance. Numerous complications have been associated with diabetes, thus it has become a major health issue in the 21st century and has received serious attention. Dysregulation in the cardiovascular and reproductive systems along with nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, diabetic foot ulcer may arise in the advanced stages of diabetes. High glucose level also encourages proliferation of cancer cells, development of osteoarthritis and potentiates a suitable environment for infections. This review culminates how elevated glucose level carries out its toxicity in cells, metabolic distortion along with organ dysfunction and elucidates the complications associated with chronic hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biplab Giri
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Mokdumpur, Malda 732103, India; Experimental Medicine and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India.
| | - Sananda Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Mokdumpur, Malda 732103, India; Experimental Medicine and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India
| | - Tanaya Das
- Experimental Medicine and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India
| | - Mrinmoy Sarkar
- Experimental Medicine and Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Kolkata 700126, India
| | - Jhimli Banerjee
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Mokdumpur, Malda 732103, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Dash
- Department of Physiology, University of Gour Banga, Mokdumpur, Malda 732103, India.
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30
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Chen PH, Chi JT, Boyce M. Functional crosstalk among oxidative stress and O-GlcNAc signaling pathways. Glycobiology 2018; 28:556-564. [PMID: 29548027 PMCID: PMC6054262 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In metazoans, thousands of intracellular proteins are modified with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in response to a wide range of stimuli and stresses. In particular, a complex and evolutionarily conserved interplay between O-GlcNAcylation and oxidative stress has emerged in recent years. Here, we review the current literature on the connections between O-GlcNAc and oxidative stress, with a particular emphasis on major signaling pathways, such as KEAP1/NRF2, FOXO, NFκB, p53 and cell metabolism. Taken together, this work sheds important light on the signaling functions of protein glycosylation and the mechanisms of stress responses alike and illuminates how the two are integrated in animal cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Chen
- Department of Biochemistry
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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31
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Min A, Lee YA, Kim KA, Shin MH. BLT1-mediated O-GlcNAcylation is required for NOX2-dependent migration, exocytotic degranulation and IL-8 release of human mast cell induced by Trichomonas vaginalis-secreted LTB 4. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:376-384. [PMID: 29859938 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis is a sexually-transmitted protozoan parasite that causes vaginitis and cervicitis. Although mast cell activation is important for provoking tissue inflammation during infection with parasites, information regarding the signaling mechanisms in mast cell activation and T. vaginalis infection is limited. O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification of serine and threonine residues that functions as a critical regulator of intracellular signaling, regulated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). We investigated if O-GlcNAcylation was associated with mast cell activation induced by T. vaginalis-derived secretory products (TvSP). Modified TvSP collected from live trichomonads treated with the 5-lipooxygenase inhibitor AA861 inhibited migration of mast cells. This result suggested that mast cell migration was caused by stimulation of T. vaginalis-secreted leukotrienes. Using the BLT1 antagonist U75302 or BLT1 siRNA, we found that migration of mast cells was evoked via LTB4 receptor (BLT1). Furthermore, TvSP induced protein O-GlcNAcylation and OGT expression in HMC-1 cells, which was prevented by transfection with BLT1 siRNA. TvSP-induced migration, ROS generation, CD63 expression and IL-8 release were significantly suppressed by pretreatment with OGT inhibitor ST045849 or OGT siRNA. These results suggested that BLT1-mediated OGlcNAcylation was important for mast cell activation during trichomoniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arim Min
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, South Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Young Ah Lee
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, South Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Kim
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, South Korea
| | - Myeong Heon Shin
- Department of Environmental Medical Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, South Korea; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, South Korea.
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Robson R, Kundur AR, Singh I. Oxidative stress biomarkers in type 2 diabetes mellitus for assessment of cardiovascular disease risk. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:455-462. [PMID: 29307576 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most prevalent and progressive metabolic conditions affecting approximately 8.5% of the global population. Individuals with T2DM have a significantly increased risk of developing chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its associated complications, therefore, it is of great importance to establish strategies for combatting T2DM and its associated chronic conditions. Current literature has identified several biomarkers that are known to play a key role in the pathogenesis of CVD. Many of these biomarkers affecting CVD are influenced by an increase in oxidative stress as seen in T2DM. The purpose of this review is to analyse and correlate the oxidative stress-related biomarkers that have been identified in the literature to provide an updated summary of their significance in CVD risk factors. DATA SYNTHESIS This review has analysed current research on T2DM, CVD, and oxidative stress. Four key cardiovascular risk factors: thrombosis, inflammation, vascular homeostasis and cellular proliferation were searched to identify potential biomarkers for this review. These biomarkers stem from seven major cellular pathways; NF-κB, Keap1-Nrf2, protein kinase-C, macrophage activation, arachidonic acid mobilisation, endothelial dysfunction and advanced glycation end products. CONCLUSIONS The pathways and biomarkers were analysed to show their role as contributing factors to CVD development and a summary is made regarding the assessment of cardiovascular risk in T2DM individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Robson
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Avinash R Kundur
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Indu Singh
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia.
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33
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Lo WY, Yang WK, Peng CT, Pai WY, Wang HJ. MicroRNA-200a/200b Modulate High Glucose-Induced Endothelial Inflammation by Targeting O-linked N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase Expression. Front Physiol 2018; 9:355. [PMID: 29720943 PMCID: PMC5915961 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Increased O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of proteins by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is associated with diabetic complications. Furthermore, oxidative stress promotes endothelial inflammation during diabetes. A previous study reported that microRNA-200 (miR-200) family members are sensitive to oxidative stress. In this study, we examined whether miR-200a and miR-200b regulate high-glucose (HG)-induced OGT expression in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and whether miRNA-200a/200b downregulate OGT expression to control HG-induced endothelial inflammation. Methods: HAECs were stimulated with high glucose (25 mM) for 12 and 24 h. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, THP-1 adhesion assay, bioinformatics predication, transfection of miR-200a/200b mimic or inhibitor, luciferase reporter assay, and transfection of siRNA OGT were performed. The aortic endothelium of db/db diabetic mice was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining. Results: HG upregulated OGT mRNA and protein expression and protein O-GlcNAcylation levels (RL2 antibody) in HAECs, and showed increased intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin gene expression; ICAM-1 expression; and THP-1 adhesion. Bioinformatics analysis revealed homologous sequences between members of the miR-200 family and the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of OGT mRNA, and real-time PCR analysis confirmed that members of miR-200 family were significantly decreased in HG-stimulated HAECs. This suggests the presence of an impaired feedback restraint on HG-induced endothelial protein O-GlcNAcylation levels because of OGT upregulation. A luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-200a/200b mimics bind to the 3′-UTR of OGT mRNA. Transfection with miR-200a/200b mimics significantly inhibited HG-induced OGT mRNA expression, OGT protein expression; protein O-GlcNAcylation levels; ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin gene expression; ICAM-1 expression; and THP-1 adhesion. Additionally, siRNA-mediated OGT depletion reduced HG-induced protein O-GlcNAcylation; ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin gene expression; ICAM-1 expression; and THP-1 adhesion, confirming that HG-induced endothelial inflammation is partially mediated via OGT-induced protein O-GlcNAcylation. These results were validated in vivo: tail-vein injection of miR-200a/200b mimics downregulated endothelial OGT and ICAM-1 expression in db/db mice. Conclusion: miR-200a/200b are involved in modulating HG-induced endothelial inflammation by regulating OGT-mediated protein O-GlcNAcylation, suggesting the therapeutic role of miR-200a/200b on vascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Yu Lo
- Cardiovascular and Translational Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Program in Animal Healthcare, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kai Yang
- Program in Animal Healthcare, Hungkuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Tien Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Pai
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Joe Wang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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34
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The Role of Stress-Induced O-GlcNAc Protein Modification in the Regulation of Membrane Transport. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1308692. [PMID: 29456783 PMCID: PMC5804373 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1308692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a posttranslational modification that is increasingly recognized as a signal transduction mechanism. Unlike other glycans, O-GlcNAc is a highly dynamic and reversible process that involves the addition and removal of a single N-acetylglucosamine molecule to Ser/Thr residues of proteins. UDP-GlcNAc—the direct substrate for O-GlcNAc modification—is controlled by the rate of cellular metabolism, and thus O-GlcNAc is dependent on substrate availability. Serving as a feedback mechanism, O-GlcNAc influences the regulation of insulin signaling and glucose transport. Besides nutrient sensing, O-GlcNAc was also implicated in the regulation of various physiological and pathophysiological processes. Due to improvements of mass spectrometry techniques, more than one thousand proteins were detected to carry the O-GlcNAc moiety; many of them are known to participate in the regulation of metabolites, ions, or protein transport across biological membranes. Recent studies also indicated that O-GlcNAc is involved in stress adaptation; overwhelming evidences suggest that O-GlcNAc levels increase upon stress. O-GlcNAc elevation is generally considered to be beneficial during stress, although the exact nature of its protective effect is not understood. In this review, we summarize the current data regarding the oxidative stress-related changes of O-GlcNAc levels and discuss the implications related to membrane trafficking.
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35
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Antrodia cinnamomea Oligosaccharides Suppress Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation through Promoting O-GlcNAcylation and Repressing p38/Akt Phosphorylation. Molecules 2017; 23:molecules23010051. [PMID: 29278394 PMCID: PMC5943963 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Antrodia cinnamomea (AC), an edible fungus growing in Taiwan, has various health benefits. This study was designed to examine the potential inhibitory effects of AC oligosaccharides on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. By trifluoroacetic acid degradation, two oligosaccharide products were prepared from AC polysaccharides at 90 °C (ACHO) or 25 °C (ACCO), which showed different oligosaccharide identities. Compared to ACCO, ACHO displayed better inhibitory effects on LPS-induced mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1 in macrophage cells. Further, ACHO significantly suppressed the inflammation in lung tissues of LPS-injected C57BL/6 mice. The potential anti-inflammatory molecular mechanism may be associated with the promotion of protein O-GlcNAcylation, which further skewed toward the marked suppression of p38 and Akt phosphorylation. Our results suggest that the suppressive effect of AC oligosaccharides on inflammation may be an effective approach for the prevention of inflammation-related diseases.
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36
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Souza-Silva L, Alves-Lopes R, Silva Miguez J, Dela Justina V, Neves KB, Mestriner FL, Tostes RDC, Giachini FR, Lima VV. Glycosylation with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine induces vascular dysfunction via production of superoxide anion/reactive oxygen species. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:232-240. [PMID: 28793197 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Overproduction of superoxide anion (•O2-) and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification in the vascular system are contributors to endothelial dysfunction. This study tested the hypothesis that increased levels of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins contribute to •O2- production via activation of NADPH oxidase, resulting in impaired vasodilation. Rat aortic segments and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were incubated with vehicle (methanol) or O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosylidenamino) N-phenylcarbamate (PUGNAc) (100 μM). PUGNAc produced a time-dependent increase in O-GlcNAc levels in VSMC and decreased endothelium-dependent relaxation, which was prevented by apocynin and tiron, suggesting that •O2- contributes to endothelial dysfunction under augmented O-GlcNAc levels. Aortic segments incubated with PUGNAc also exhibited increased levels of reactive oxygen species, assessed by dihydroethidium fluorescence, and augmented •O2- production, determined by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Additionally, PUGNAc treatment increased Nox-1 and Nox-4 protein expression in aortas and VSMCs. Translocation of the p47phox subunit from the cytosol to the membrane was greater in aortas incubated with PUGNAc. VSMCs displayed increased p22phox protein expression after PUGNAc incubation, suggesting that NADPH oxidase is activated in conditions where O-GlcNAc protein levels are increased. In conclusion, O-GlcNAc levels reduce endothelium-dependent relaxation by overproduction of •O2- via activation of NADPH oxidase. This may represent an additional mechanism by which augmented O-GlcNAc levels impair vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Souza-Silva
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Rheure Alves-Lopes
- b Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,c Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jéssica Silva Miguez
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Dela Justina
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Karla Bianca Neves
- b Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.,c Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Fabíola Leslie Mestriner
- b Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cassia Tostes
- b Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Regina Giachini
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
| | - Victor Vitorino Lima
- a Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, Brazil
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37
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Clotet S, Soler MJ, Riera M, Pascual J, Fang F, Zhou J, Batruch I, Vasiliou SK, Dimitromanolakis A, Barrios C, Diamandis EP, Scholey JW, Konvalinka A. Stable Isotope Labeling with Amino Acids (SILAC)-Based Proteomics of Primary Human Kidney Cells Reveals a Novel Link between Male Sex Hormones and Impaired Energy Metabolism in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:368-385. [PMID: 28062795 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.061903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Male sex predisposes to many kidney diseases. Considering that androgens exert deleterious effects in a variety of cell types within the kidney, we hypothesized that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) would alter the biology of the renal tubular cell by inducing changes in the proteome. We employed stable isotope labeling with amino acids (SILAC) in an indirect spike-in fashion to accurately quantify the proteome in DHT- and 17β-estradiol (EST)-treated human proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC). Of the 5043 quantified proteins, 76 were differentially regulated. Biological processes related to energy metabolism were significantly enriched among DHT-regulated proteins. SILAC ratios of 3 candidates representing glycolysis, N-acetylglucosamine metabolism and fatty acid β-oxidation, namely glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), glucosamine-6-phosphate-N-acetyltransferase 1 (GNPNAT1), and mitochondrial trifunctional protein subunit alpha (HADHA), were verified in vitro. In vivo, renal GPI and HADHA protein expression was significantly increased in males. Furthermore, male sex was associated with significantly higher GPI, GNPNAT1, and HADHA kidney protein expression in two different murine models of diabetes. Enrichment analysis revealed a link between our DHT-regulated proteins and oxidative stress within the diabetic kidney. This finding was validated in vivo, as we observed increased oxidative stress levels in control and diabetic male kidneys, compared with females. This in depth quantitative proteomics study of human primary PTEC response to sex hormone administration suggests that male sex hormone stimulation results in perturbed energy metabolism in kidney cells, and that this perturbation results in increased oxidative stress in the renal cortex. The proteome-level changes associated with androgens may play a crucial role in the development of structural and functional changes in the diseased kidney. With our findings, we propose a possible link between diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease progression and male sex hormone levels. Data are available via ProteomeXchange (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/archive/) with identifier PXD003811.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Clotet
- From the ‡Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain, 08003; .,§Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,**Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Maria Jose Soler
- From the ‡Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain, 08003
| | - Marta Riera
- From the ‡Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain, 08003
| | - Julio Pascual
- From the ‡Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain, 08003
| | - Fei Fang
- §Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Joyce Zhou
- §Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ihor Batruch
- ¶Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1W7, Canada
| | - Stella K Vasiliou
- ¶Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1W7, Canada.,‖Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Apostolos Dimitromanolakis
- ¶Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1W7, Canada
| | - Clara Barrios
- From the ‡Department of Nephrology, Hospital del Mar-Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona, Spain, 08003
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- ¶Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1W7, Canada
| | - James W Scholey
- §Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,**Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2N2, Canada
| | - Ana Konvalinka
- §Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,**Division of Nephrology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2N2, Canada
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38
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Qin CX, Sleaby R, Davidoff AJ, Bell JR, De Blasio MJ, Delbridge LM, Chatham JC, Ritchie RH. Insights into the role of maladaptive hexosamine biosynthesis and O-GlcNAcylation in development of diabetic cardiac complications. Pharmacol Res 2016; 116:45-56. [PMID: 27988387 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of heart failure, independent of coronary artery disease. The mechanisms implicated in the development of diabetic heart disease, commonly termed diabetic cardiomyopathy, are complex, but much of the impact of diabetes on the heart can be attributed to impaired glucose handling. It has been shown that the maladaptive nutrient-sensing hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) contributes to diabetic complications in many non-cardiac tissues. Glucose metabolism by the HBP leads to enzymatically-regulated, O-linked attachment of a sugar moiety molecule, β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), to proteins, affecting their biological activity (similar to phosphorylation). In normal physiology, transient activation of HBP/O-GlcNAc mechanisms is an adaptive, protective means to enhance cell survival; interventions that acutely suppress this pathway decrease tolerance to stress. Conversely, chronic dysregulation of HBP/O-GlcNAc mechanisms has been shown to be detrimental in certain pathological settings, including diabetes and cancer. Most of our understanding of the impact of sustained maladaptive HBP and O-GlcNAc protein modifications has been derived from adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and other non-cardiac tissues, as a contributing mechanism to insulin resistance and progression of diabetic complications. However, the long-term consequences of persistent activation of cardiac HBP and O-GlcNAc are not well-understood; therefore, the goal of this timely review is to highlight current understanding of the role of the HBP pathway in development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xue Qin
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Rochelle Sleaby
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Amy J Davidoff
- University of New England, Biddeford, ME, 04072, United States
| | - James R Bell
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Miles J De Blasio
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - John C Chatham
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, United States
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker IDI Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne VIC 3004, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Department of Medicine, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia.
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39
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Mailleux F, Gélinas R, Beauloye C, Horman S, Bertrand L. O-GlcNAcylation, enemy or ally during cardiac hypertrophy development? Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:2232-2243. [PMID: 27544701 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
O-linked attachment of the monosaccharide β-N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is a post-translational modification occurring on serine and threonine residues, which is evolving as an important mechanism for the regulation of various cellular processes. The present review will, first, provide a general background on the molecular regulation of protein O-GlcNAcylation and will summarize the role of this post-translational modification in various acute cardiac pathologies including ischemia-reperfusion. Then, we will focus on research studies examining protein O-GlcNAcylation in the context of cardiac hypertrophy. A particular emphasis will be laid on the convergent but also divergent actions of O-GlcNAcylation according to the type of hypertrophy investigated, including physiological, pressure overload-induced and diabetes-linked cardiac hypertrophy. In an attempt to distinguish whether O-GlcNAcylation is detrimental or beneficial, this review will present the different O-GlcNAcylated targets involved in hypertrophy development. We will finally argue on potential interest to target O-GlcNAc processes to treat cardiac hypertrophy. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: The role of post-translational protein modifications on heart and vascular metabolism edited by Jason R.B. Dyck & Jan F.C. Glatz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mailleux
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roselle Gélinas
- Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Division of Cardiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium.
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40
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Stateva SR, Villalobo A. O-GlcNAcylation of the human epidermal growth factor receptor. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 13:8196-204. [PMID: 26108188 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00443h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The reversible O-linked attachment of single β-D-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) moieties to serine/threonine residues in target proteins is a frequently occurring post-translational modification affecting the functionality of many cellular systems. In this report we present experimental evidence suggesting that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is subjected to O-GlcNAcylation in human carcinoma epidermoid A431 cells and human lung carcinoma A549 cells. However, no signal was detected in human cervix adenocarcinoma HeLa cells or in mouse EGFR-T17 fibroblasts ectopically expressing the human EGFR. We detected a positive O-GlcNAcylation signal in the immunoprecipitated EGFR by Western blotting using two distinct specific anti-O-GlcNAc antibodies even after N-deglycosylation of the receptor using peptide-N-glycosidase F (PNGase F). Conversely, the presence of EGFR was detected by Western blotting using an anti-EGFR antibody in the immunocomplex of O-GlcNAcylated proteins immunoprecipitated with an anti-O-GlcNAc antibody. These signals were enhanced when the O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (OGA) inhibitor Thiamet G was added to prevent the deglycosylation of the GlcNAc moiety(ies). Moreover, we also detected a positive signal in the immunoprecipitated and N-deglycosylated EGFR using PNGase F, and tunicamycin when the cells were metabolically labeled with azido-GlcNAc (GlcNAz), biotinylated and probed with a streptavidin-labeled peroxidase. Finally, EGFR and O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) co-immunoprecipitate, and incubation of the immunoprecipitated EGFR with the immunoprecipitated OGT in the presence of uridine 5'-diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) resulted in a significant enhancement of the EGFR O-GlcNAcylation signal as detected by Western blotting using an anti-O-GlcNAc antibody. We conclude that the human EGFR is subjected to O-GlcNAcylation in the A431 and A549 tumor cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silviya R Stateva
- Department of Cancer Biology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/Arturo Duperier 4, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
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41
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Gellai R, Hodrea J, Lenart L, Hosszu A, Koszegi S, Balogh D, Ver A, Banki NF, Fulop N, Molnar A, Wagner L, Vannay A, Szabo AJ, Fekete A. Role of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine modification in diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F1172-F1181. [PMID: 27029430 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00545.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is a known contributor to diabetes; however, its relevance in diabetic nephropathy (DN) is poorly elucidated. Here, we studied the process and enzymes of O-GlcNAcylation with a special emphasis on Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and heat shock protein (HSP)72 signaling. Since tubular injury is the prominent site of DN, the effect of hyperglycemia was first measured in proximal tubular (HK2) cells cultured in high glucose. In vivo O-GlcNAcylation and protein levels of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), O-GlcNAcase (OGA), phosphorylated (p)Akt/Akt, peNOS/eNOS, and HSP72 were assessed in the kidney cortex of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The effects of various renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors were also evaluated. In proximal tubular cells, hyperglycemia-induced OGT expression led to increased O-GlcNAcylation, which was followed by a compensatory increase of OGA. In parallel, peNOS and pAkt levels decreased, whereas HSP72 increased. In diabetic rats, elevated O-GlcNAcylation was accompanied by decreased OGT and OGA. RAAS inhibitors ameliorated diabetes-induced kidney damage and prevented the elevation of O-GlcNAcylation and the decrement of pAkt, peNOS, and HSP72. In conclusion, hyperglycemia-induced elevation of O-GlcNAcylation contributes to the progression of DN via inhibition of Akt/eNOS phosphorylation and HSP72 induction. RAAS blockers successfully inhibit this process, suggesting a novel pathomechanism of their renoprotective action in the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Gellai
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Hodrea
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lilla Lenart
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Hosszu
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sandor Koszegi
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dora Balogh
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Agota Ver
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nora F Banki
- First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Norbert Fulop
- Teaching Hospital Mór Kaposi, Kaposvar, Hungary; and
| | - Agnes Molnar
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Wagner
- Department of Transplantation and Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Vannay
- MTA-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabo
- MTA-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Fekete
- MTA-SE "Lendulet" Diabetes Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; .,First Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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42
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Sun C, Shang J, Yao Y, Yin X, Liu M, Liu H, Zhou Y. O-GlcNAcylation: a bridge between glucose and cell differentiation. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 20:769-81. [PMID: 26929182 PMCID: PMC4831356 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is the major energy supply and a critical metabolite for most cells and is especially important when cell is differentiating. High or low concentrations of glucose enhances or inhibits the osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation of cell via the insulin, transforming growth factor‐β and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ pathways, among others. New evidence implicates the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway as a mediator of crosstalk between glucose flux, cellular signalling and epigenetic regulation of cell differentiation. Extracellular glucose flux alters intracellular O‐GlcNAcylation levels through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Signalling molecules that are important for cell differentiation, including protein kinase C, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase, Runx2, CCAAT/enhancer‐binding proteins, are modified by O‐GlcNAcylation. Thus, O‐GlcNAcylation markedly alters cell fate during differentiation via the post‐transcriptional modification of proteins. Furthermore, O‐GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation show complex interactions during cell differentiation: they can either non‐competitively occupy different sites on a substrate or competitively occupy a single site or proximal sites. Therefore, the influence of glucose on cell differentiation via O‐GlcNAcylation offers a potential target for controlling tissue homoeostasis and regeneration in ageing and disease. Here, we review recent progress establishing an emerging relationship among glucose concentration, O‐GlcNAcylation levels and cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohong Yin
- Center for Evidence-based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Minghan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Hashimoto N, Blumberg JB, Chen CYO. Hyperglycemia and Anthocyanin Inhibit Quercetin Metabolism in HepG2 Cells. J Med Food 2016; 19:141-7. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Hashimoto
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Koshi Headquarters, National Agricultural Research Center for Kyushu Okinawa Region, Koshi, Kumamoto, Japan
- Memuro Research Station, National Agriculture Research Center for Hokkaido Region, Kasai, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jeffrey B. Blumberg
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C.-Y. Oliver Chen
- Antioxidants Research Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Peterson SB, Hart GW. New insights: A role for O-GlcNAcylation in diabetic complications. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 51:150-61. [DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2015.1135102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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45
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Zhang SJ, Li YF, Tan RR, Tsoi B, Huang WS, Huang YH, Tang XL, Hu D, Yao N, Yang X, Kurihara H, Wang Q, He RR. A new gestational diabetes mellitus model: hyperglycemia-induced eye malformation via inhibition of Pax6 in the chick embryo. Dis Model Mech 2016; 9:177-86. [PMID: 26744353 PMCID: PMC4770145 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.022012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the leading causes of fetal malformations. However, few models have been developed to study the underlying mechanisms of GDM-induced fetal eye malformation. In this study, a high concentration of glucose (0.2 mmol per egg) was injected into the air sac of chick embryos on embryo development day (EDD) 1 to develop a hyperglycemia model. Results showed that 47.3% of embryonic eye malformation happened on EDD 5. In this model, the key genes regulating eye development, Pax6, Six3 and Otx2, were downregulated by hyperglycemia. Among these genes, the expression of Pax6 was the most vulnerable to hyperglycemia, being suppressed by 70%. A reduction in Pax6 gene expression induced eye malformation in chick embryos. However, increased expression of Pax6 in chick embryos could rescue hyperglycemia-induced eye malformation. Hyperglycemia stimulated O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation, which caused oxidative stress in chick embryos. Pax6 was found to be vulnerable to free radicals, but the antioxidant edaravone could restore Pax6 expression and reverse eye malformation. These results illustrated a successful establishment of a new chick embryo model to study the molecular mechanism of hyperglycemia-induced eye malformation. The suppression of the Pax6 gene is probably mediated by oxidative stress and could be a crucial target for the therapy of GDM-induced embryonic eye malformation. Summary: Hyperglycemia inhibited Pax6 via oxidative stress and impaired eye development in the chick embryo, a new gestational diabetes mellitus model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jie Zhang
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rui-Rong Tan
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bun Tsoi
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Shan Huang
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-Hua Huang
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Long Tang
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Guangdong Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Technology, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Division of Histology & Embryology, Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Anti-stress and Health Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Tesch GH, Ma FY, Han Y, Liles JT, Breckenridge DG, Nikolic-Paterson DJ. ASK1 Inhibitor Halts Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in Nos3-Deficient Mice. Diabetes 2015; 64:3903-13. [PMID: 26180085 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling promotes diabetic kidney injury. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase (ASK)1 is one of the upstream kinases in the p38 MAPK-signaling pathway, which is activated by inflammation and oxidative stress, suggesting a possible role for ASK1 in diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we examined whether a selective ASK1 inhibitor can prevent the induction and progression of diabetic nephropathy in mice. Diabetes was induced in hypertensive endothelial nitric oxide synthase (Nos3)-deficient mice by five low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections. Groups of diabetic Nos3(-/-) mice received ASK1 inhibitor (GS-444217 delivered in chow) as an early intervention (2-8 weeks after STZ) or late intervention (weeks 8-15 after STZ). Control diabetic and nondiabetic Nos3(-/-) mice received normal chow. Treatment with GS-444217 abrogated p38 MAPK activation in diabetic kidneys but had no effect upon hypertension in Nos3(-/-) mice. Early intervention with GS-444217 significantly inhibited diabetic glomerulosclerosis and reduced renal dysfunction but had no effect on the development of albuminuria. Late intervention with GS-444217 improved renal function and halted the progression of glomerulosclerosis, renal inflammation, and tubular injury despite having no effect on established albuminuria. In conclusion, this study identifies ASK1 as a new therapeutic target in diabetic nephropathy to reduce renal inflammation and fibrosis independent of blood pressure control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg H Tesch
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Y Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yingjie Han
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - David J Nikolic-Paterson
- Department of Nephrology, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Monash University Department of Medicine, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation promotes NF-κB activation and inflammation in acute pancreatitis. Inflamm Res 2015; 64:943-52. [PMID: 26407569 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0877-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Activation of the transcription factor κB (NF-κB) and secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators are major events in acute pancreatitis (AP). Recently, O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification, one type of posttranslational modifications, reportedly attunes NF-κB function. However, the expression of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), the enzyme responsible for O-GlcNAcylation of proteins, in AP, and the possible contribution of OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation to the NF-κB inflammatory activation in pancreatic acinar cells and to the AP progression have not been understood. This study focused on the effects and mechanisms of OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation during AP. METHODS An AP cell model was established with the caerulein-stimulated AR42 J rat pancreatic acinar cells. The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α was detected by ELISA kits, and the production of NO was determined using the colorimetric Griess reaction. Expression of OGT was measured by RT-PCR and Western blot. Expression levels of RL2, phosphorylation of p65, total p65, IKKα were detected by Western blot. The NF-κB activity was evaluated by luciferase reporter gene assay. To determine the biological functions of OGT in caerulein-induced inflammatory response, RNA interference and PUGNAc, the inhibitor of O-GlcNAcase (OGA) was employed to regulate OGT expression in AR42 J cells. RESULTS Caerulein significantly up-regulated the expression of OGT, and increased the global protein O-GlcNAcylation level in AR42 J cells. Reduction of OGT by small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibited caerulein-triggered inflammation, assessed by the production of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and NO). We also demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation directly modified the NF-κB p65 subunit and its upstream activating kinases IKKα in AR42 J cells. Lowering O-GlcNAcylation by OGT knockdown attenuated p65 activating phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, NF-κB transcriptional activity and levels of NF-κB transcriptional targets TNF-α and NO; on the contrary, elevating O-GlcNAc through PUGNAc increased IKKα and p65 O-GlcNAcylation accompanied by increased p65 phosphorylation, activity and levels of TNF-α and NO in caerulein-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate for the first time that OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation promotes NF-κB signaling activation and inflammation in pancreatic acinar cells, which might promote the progression of AP.
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48
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Ortiz-Meoz RF, Jiang J, Lazarus MB, Orman M, Janetzko J, Fan C, Duveau DY, Tan ZW, Thomas CJ, Walker S. A small molecule that inhibits OGT activity in cells. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1392-7. [PMID: 25751766 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is an essential mammalian enzyme that regulates numerous cellular processes through the attachment of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) residues to nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Its targets include kinases, phosphatases, transcription factors, histones, and many other intracellular proteins. The biology of O-GlcNAc modification is still not well understood, and cell-permeable inhibitors of OGT are needed both as research tools and for validating OGT as a therapeutic target. Here, we report a small molecule OGT inhibitor, OSMI-1, developed from a high-throughput screening hit. It is cell-permeable and inhibits protein O-GlcNAcylation in several mammalian cell lines without qualitatively altering cell surface N- or O-linked glycans. The development of this molecule validates high-throughput screening approaches for the discovery of glycosyltransferase inhibitors, and further optimization of this scaffold may lead to yet more potent OGT inhibitors useful for studying OGT in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo F. Ortiz-Meoz
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jiaoyang Jiang
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Michael B. Lazarus
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Marina Orman
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - John Janetzko
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Chenguang Fan
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Damien Y. Duveau
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States
| | - Zhi-Wei Tan
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Craig J. Thomas
- National
Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States
| | - Suzanne Walker
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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49
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Peternelj TT, Marsh SA, Morais C, Small DM, Dalbo VJ, Tucker PS, Coombes JS. O-GlcNAc protein modification in C2C12 myoblasts exposed to oxidative stress indicates parallels with endogenous antioxidant defense. Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 93:63-73. [PMID: 25453190 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence demonstrates the involvement of protein modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in the stress response and its beneficial effects on cell survival. Here we investigated protein O-GlcNAcylation in skeletal muscle cells exposed to oxidative stress and the crosstalk with endogenous antioxidant system. The study focused on antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), and transcriptional regulators proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), which play important roles in oxidative stress response and are known to be O-GlcNAc-modified. C2C12 myoblasts were subjected to 24 h incubation with different reagents, including hydrogen peroxide, diethyl maleate, high glucose, and glucosamine, and the inhibitors of O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes. Surprisingly, O-GlcNAc levels were significantly increased only with glucosamine, whilst other treatments showed no effect. Significant changes at the mRNA level were observed with concomitant upregulation of the genes for O-GlcNAc enzymes and stress-related proteins with oxidizing agents and downregulation of these genes with agents promoting O-GlcNAcylation. Our findings suggest a role of O-GlcNAc in the stress response and indicate an inhibitory mechanism controlling O-GlcNAc levels in the muscle cells. This could represent an important homeostatic regulation of the cellular defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Tinkara Peternelj
- a Antioxidant Research Group, School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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50
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Nagel AK, Ball LE. O-GlcNAc modification of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) links osteogenesis and nutrient metabolism in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3381-95. [PMID: 25187572 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.040691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Runx2 is the master switch controlling osteoblast differentiation and formation of the mineralized skeleton. The post-translational modification of Runx2 by phosphorylation, ubiquitinylation, and acetylation modulates its activity, stability, and interactions with transcriptional co-regulators and chromatin remodeling proteins downstream of osteogenic signals. Characterization of Runx2 by electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry revealed sites of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification, a nutrient-responsive post-translational modification that modulates the action of numerous transcriptional effectors. O-GlcNAc modification occurs in close proximity to phosphorylated residues and novel sites of arginine methylation within regions known to regulate Runx2 transactivation. An interaction between Runx2 and the O-GlcNAcylated, O-GlcNAc transferase enzyme was also detected. Pharmacological inhibition of O-GlcNAcase (OGA), the enzyme responsible for the removal of O-GlcNAc from Ser/Thr residues, enhanced basal (39.9%) and BMP2/7-induced (43.3%) Runx2 transcriptional activity in MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts. In bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiated for 6 days in osteogenic media, inhibition of OGA resulted in elevated expression (24.3%) and activity (65.8%) of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) an early marker of bone formation and a transcriptional target of Runx2. Osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the presence of BMP2/7 for 8 days culminated in decreased OGA activity (39.0%) and an increase in the abundance of O-GlcNAcylated Runx2, as compared with unstimulated cells. Furthermore, BMP2/7-induced ALP activity was enhanced by 35.6% in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiated in the presence of the OGA inhibitor, demonstrating that direct or BMP2/7-induced inhibition of OGA is associated with increased ALP activity. Altogether, these findings link O-GlcNAc cycling to the Runx2-dependent regulation of the early ALP marker under osteoblast differentiation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis K Nagel
- From the ‡Department of Oral Health Sciences; Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425
| | - Lauren E Ball
- From the ‡Department of Oral Health Sciences; Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, 29425
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