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Sánchez MÁN, Martinez-Sanchez MA, Sierra-Cruz M, Lambertos A, Rico-Chazarra S, Oliva-Bolarín A, Román AB, Yuste JE, Martínez CM, Mika A, Frutos MD, Llamoza-Torres CJ, Córdoba-Chacón J, Ramos-Molina B. Increased hepatic putrescine levels as a new potential factor related to the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. J Pathol 2024; 264:101-111. [PMID: 39022853 PMCID: PMC11300153 DOI: 10.1002/path.6330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a chronic liver condition that often progresses to more advanced stages, such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). MASH is characterized by inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning, in addition to hepatic steatosis. Despite the relatively high incidence of MASH in the population and its potential detrimental effects on human health, this liver disease is still not fully understood from a pathophysiological perspective. Deregulation of polyamine levels has been detected in various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, and cancer. However, the role of the polyamine pathway in chronic liver disorders such as MASLD has not been explored. In this study, we measured the expression of liver ornithine decarboxylase (ODC1), the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for the production of putrescine, and the hepatic levels of putrescine, in a preclinical model of MASH as well as in liver biopsies of patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Our findings reveal that expression of ODC1 and the levels of putrescine, but not spermidine nor spermine, are elevated in hepatic tissue of both diet-induced MASH mice and patients with biopsy-proven MASH compared with control mice and patients without MASH, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the levels of putrescine were positively associated with higher aspartate aminotransferase concentrations in serum and an increased SAF score (steatosis, activity, fibrosis). Additionally, in in vitro assays using human HepG2 cells, we demonstrate that elevated levels of putrescine exacerbate the cellular response to palmitic acid, leading to decreased cell viability and increased release of CK-18. Our results support an association between the expression of ODC1 and the progression of MASLD, which could have translational relevance in understanding the onset of this disease. © 2024 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Sierra-Cruz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ana Lambertos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Sara Rico-Chazarra
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Alba Oliva-Bolarín
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Andrés Balaguer Román
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Enrique Yuste
- Metabolomics Platform of CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos Manuel Martínez
- Experimental Pathology Platform, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Adriana Mika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - María Dolores Frutos
- Department of General and Digestive System Surgery, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Camilo J. Llamoza-Torres
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - José Córdoba-Chacón
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
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2
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Lu CL, Sha JJ, Ma RF, Dong XT, Su XR, Cong B, Wang SJ. Severe Hypothermia Induces Ferroptosis in Cerebral Cortical Nerve Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8086. [PMID: 39125656 PMCID: PMC11311695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal shifts in global climate, leading to extreme weather, significantly threaten the safety of individuals involved in outdoor activities. Hypothermia-induced coma or death frequently occurs in clinical and forensic settings. Despite this, the precise mechanism of central nervous system injury due to hypothermia remains unclear, hindering the development of targeted clinical treatments and specific forensic diagnostic indicators. The GEO database was searched to identify datasets related to hypothermia. Post-bioinformatics analyses, DEGs, and ferroptosis-related DEGs (FerrDEGs) were intersected. GSEA was then conducted to elucidate the functions of the Ferr-related genes. Animal experiments conducted in this study demonstrated that hypothermia, compared to the control treatment, can induce significant alterations in iron death-related genes such as PPARG, SCD, ADIPOQ, SAT1, EGR1, and HMOX1 in cerebral cortex nerve cells. These changes lead to iron ion accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and marked expression of iron death-related proteins. The application of the iron death inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) effectively modulates the expression of these genes, reduces lipid peroxidation, and improves the expression of iron death-related proteins. Severe hypothermia disrupts the metabolism of cerebral cortex nerve cells, causing significant alterations in ferroptosis-related genes. These genetic changes promote ferroptosis through multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bin Cong
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; (C.-L.L.); (J.-J.S.); (R.-F.M.); (X.-T.D.); (X.-R.S.)
| | - Song-Jun Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, College of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, No. 361 Zhong Shan Road, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; (C.-L.L.); (J.-J.S.); (R.-F.M.); (X.-T.D.); (X.-R.S.)
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Li N, Liu H, Xue Y, Zhu Q, Fan Z. The chromatin remodeling protein BRG1 contributes to liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating NOXA expression. Life Sci 2023; 334:122235. [PMID: 37926300 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common complication secondary to liver transplantation. Extensive death of hepatocytes, typically in the form of apoptosis, is observed in and contributes to IRI. In the present study we investigated the role of BRG1 (encoded by Smarca4), a chromatin remodeling protein, in the pathogenesis of liver IRI focusing on the transcriptional mechanism and translational potential. METHODS Smarca4f/f mice were crossed to Alb-Cre mice to generate hepatocytes-specific BRG1 knockout mice (CKO). Alterations in cellular transcriptome were evaluated by RNA-seq. RESULTS BRG1 expression was up-regulated in liver tissues of mice subjected to I/R and in hepatocytes exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R). Compared to wild type (WT) littermates, the BRG1 CKO mice displayed significant amelioration of liver injury following ischemia-reperfusion as evidenced by decreased ALT/AST levels and cell apoptosis. Primary hepatocytes isolated from the CKO mice were protected from H/R-induced apoptosis compared to those from the WT mice. RNA-seq analysis revealed phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (PMAIP1, also known as NOXA) as a novel target for BRG1. Consistently, NOXA knockdown attenuated liver IRI in mice. More importantly, administration of a small-molecule BRG1 inhibitor (PFI-3) protected the mice from liver IRI. CONCLUSIONS Our data uncover a pivotal role for BRG1 in liver IRI and suggest that targeting BRG1 with small-molecule inhibitors can be considered as a reasonable therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Human Anatomy and Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medial University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Human Anatomy and Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medial University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujia Xue
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Departments of Human Anatomy and Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medial University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhiwen Fan
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China.
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Fan X, Wang X, Hui Y, Zhao T, Mao L, Cui B, Zhong W, Sun C. Genipin protects against acute liver injury by abrogating ferroptosis via modification of GPX4 and ALOX15-launched lipid peroxidation in mice. Apoptosis 2023; 28:1469-1483. [PMID: 37354317 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
It is essential to further characterize liver injury aimed at developing novel therapeutic approaches. This study investigated the mechanistic basis of genipin against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-triggered acute liver injury concerning ferroptosis, a novel discovered modality of regulated cell death. All experiments were performed using hepatotoxic models upon CCl4 exposure in mice and human hepatocytes in vitro. Immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, molecular docking, RNA-sequencing and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) were conducted. CCl4 intoxication was manifested with lipid peroxidation-dictated ferroptotic cell death, together with changes in a cascade of ferroptosis-associated events and several regulatory pathways. Both the administration of genipin and ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) significantly prevented this hepatotoxicity in response to CCl4 intoxication via upregulating GPX4 and xCT (i.e., critical regulators of ferroptosis). RNA-sequencing unraveled that arachidonic acid metabolism was considerably influenced upon genipin treatment. Accordingly, genipin treatment attenuated arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15)-launched lipid peroxidation in terms of UHPLC-MS/MS analysis and inflammation. In vitro, genipin supplementation rescued erastin-induced hepatocellular inviability and lipid ROS accumulation. The siRNA knockdown of GPX4 partially abrogated the protective effects of genipin on erastin-induced cytotoxicity, whereas the cytotoxicity was less severe in the presence of diminished ALOX15 expression in L-O2 cells. In conclusion, our findings uncovered that genipin treatment protects against CCl4-triggered acute liver injury by abrogating hepatocyte ferroptosis, wherein the pharmacological modification of dysregulated GPX4 and ALOX15-launched lipid peroxidation was responsible for underlying medicinal effects as molecular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yangyang Hui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Tianming Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Zhongshan Road 321,Gulou District, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihong Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Binxin Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, East Street 6, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
- Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Anshan Road 154, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Airport Hospital, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, East Street 6, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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Xu J, Li J, Li Y, Shi X, Zhu H, Chen L. Multidimensional Landscape of SA-AKI Revealed by Integrated Proteomics and Metabolomics Analysis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1329. [PMID: 37759729 PMCID: PMC10526551 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a severe and life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality among emergency patients, and it poses a significant risk of chronic renal failure. Clinical treatments for SA-AKI remain reactive and non-specific, lacking effective diagnostic biomarkers or treatment targets. In this study, we established an SA-AKI mouse model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and performed proteomics and metabolomics analyses. A variety of bioinformatic analyses, including gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), protein and protein interactions (PPI), and MetaboAnalyst analysis, were conducted to investigate the key molecules of SA-AKI. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis revealed that sepsis led to impaired renal mitochondrial function and metabolic disorders. Immune-related pathways were found to be activated in kidneys upon septic infection. The catabolic products of polyamines accumulated in septic kidneys. Overall, our integrated analysis provides a multidimensional understanding of SA-AKI and identifies potential pathways for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Xu
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (J.X.); (Y.L.)
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (J.L.); (X.S.)
| | - Yan Li
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (J.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiaoxiao Shi
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (J.L.); (X.S.)
| | - Huadong Zhu
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (J.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Limeng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (J.L.); (X.S.)
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Wang X, Tan X, Zhang J, Wu J, Shi H. The emerging roles of MAPK-AMPK in ferroptosis regulatory network. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:200. [PMID: 37580745 PMCID: PMC10424420 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a newform of programmed cell death, driven by peroxidative damages of polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-containing phospholipids in cellular membranes and is extremely dependent on iron ions, which is differs characteristics from traditional cell death has attracted greater attention. Based on the curiosity of this new form of regulated cell death, there has a tremendous progress in the field of mechanistic understanding of ferroptosis recent years. Ferroptosis is closely associated with the development of many diseases and involved in many diseases related signaling pathways. Not only a variety of oncoproteins and tumor suppressors can regulate ferroptosis, but multiple oncogenic signaling pathways can also have a regulatory effect on ferroptosis. Ferroptosis results in the accumulation of large amounts of lipid peroxides thus involving the onset of oxidative stress and energy stress responses. The MAPK pathway plays a critical role in oxidative stress and AMPK acts as a sensor of cellular energy and is involved in the regulation of the energy stress response. Moreover, activation of AMPK can induce the occurrence of autophagy-dependent ferroptosis and p53-activated ferroptosis. In recent years, there have been new advances in the study of molecular mechanisms related to the regulation of ferroptosis by both pathways. In this review, we will summarize the molecular mechanisms by which the MAPK-AMPK signaling pathway regulates ferroptosis. Meanwhile, we sorted out the mysterious relationship between MAPK and AMPK, described the crosstalk among ferroptosis and MAPK-AMPK signaling pathways, and summarized the relevant ferroptosis inducers targeting this regulatory network. This will provide a new field for future research on ferroptosis mechanisms and provide a new vision for cancer treatment strategies. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
| | - Jinping Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Jiaping Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Hongjuan Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
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7
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Polyamines and Their Metabolism: From the Maintenance of Physiological Homeostasis to the Mediation of Disease. MEDICAL SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:medsci10030038. [PMID: 35893120 PMCID: PMC9326668 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The polyamines spermidine and spermine are positively charged aliphatic molecules. They are critical in the regulation of nucleic acid and protein structures, protein synthesis, protein and nucleic acid interactions, oxidative balance, and cell proliferation. Cellular polyamine levels are tightly controlled through their import, export, de novo synthesis, and catabolism. Enzymes and enzymatic cascades involved in polyamine metabolism have been well characterized. This knowledge has been used for the development of novel compounds for research and medical applications. Furthermore, studies have shown that disturbances in polyamine levels and their metabolic pathways, as a result of spontaneous mutations in patients, genetic engineering in mice or experimentally induced injuries in rodents, are associated with multiple maladaptive changes. The adverse effects of altered polyamine metabolism have also been demonstrated in in vitro models. These observations highlight the important role these molecules and their metabolism play in the maintenance of physiological normalcy and the mediation of injury. This review will attempt to cover the extensive and diverse knowledge of the biological role of polyamines and their metabolism in the maintenance of physiological homeostasis and the mediation of tissue injury.
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Bourgin M, Derosa L, Silva CAC, Goubet AG, Dubuisson A, Danlos FX, Grajeda-Iglesias C, Cerbone L, Geraud A, Laparra A, Aprahamian F, Nirmalathasan N, Madeo F, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Durand S. Circulating acetylated polyamines correlate with Covid-19 severity in cancer patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20860-20885. [PMID: 34517343 PMCID: PMC8457559 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer patients are particularly susceptible to the development of severe Covid-19, prompting us to investigate the serum metabolome of 204 cancer patients enrolled in the ONCOVID trial. We previously described that the immunosuppressive tryptophan/kynurenine metabolite anthranilic acid correlates with poor prognosis in non-cancer patients. In cancer patients, we observed an elevation of anthranilic acid at baseline (without Covid-19 diagnosis) and no further increase with mild or severe Covid-19. We found that, in cancer patients, Covid-19 severity was associated with the depletion of two bacterial metabolites, indole-3-proprionate and 3-phenylproprionate, that both positively correlated with the levels of several inflammatory cytokines. Most importantly, we observed that the levels of acetylated polyamines (in particular N1-acetylspermidine, N1,N8-diacetylspermidine and N1,N12-diacetylspermine), alone or in aggregate, were elevated in severe Covid-19 cancer patients requiring hospitalization as compared to uninfected cancer patients or cancer patients with mild Covid-19. N1-acetylspermidine and N1,N8-diacetylspermidine were also increased in patients exhibiting prolonged viral shedding (>40 days). An abundant literature indicates that such acetylated polyamines increase in the serum from patients with cancer, cardiovascular disease or neurodegeneration, associated with poor prognosis. Our present work supports the contention that acetylated polyamines are associated with severe Covid-19, both in the general population and in patients with malignant disease. Severe Covid-19 is characterized by a specific metabolomic signature suggestive of the overactivation of spermine/spermidine N1-acetyl transferase-1 (SAT1), which catalyzes the first step of polyamine catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bourgin
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Lisa Derosa
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (Biotheris), Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Carolina Alves Costa Silva
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (Biotheris), Villejuif 94805, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Goubet
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (Biotheris), Villejuif 94805, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Agathe Dubuisson
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - François-Xavier Danlos
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Claudia Grajeda-Iglesias
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Luigi Cerbone
- Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U981, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Arthur Geraud
- Department of Drug Development (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
- Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Ariane Laparra
- Department of Drug Development (DITEP), Gustave Roussy, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Fanny Aprahamian
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Nitharsshini Nirmalathasan
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Inserm U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
- Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer (Biotheris), Villejuif 94805, France
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre 94270, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
- Pôle De Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris 75015, France
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif 94805, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75006, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif 94805, France
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9
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Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and ALOX12 and NF-κB Pathways Contribute to the Protective Effect of Baicalein on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060976. [PMID: 34207230 PMCID: PMC8235740 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the protective effect of baicalein on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Mice were orally administrated baicalein at 25 and 100 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days or ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) at 10 mg/kg was i.p. injected in mice at 2 and 24 h prior to CCl4 injection or the vehicle. Our results showed that baicalein or Fer-1 supplementation significantly attenuated CCl4 exposure-induced elevations of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde levels in the liver tissues and unregulated glutathione levels. Baicalein treatment inhibited the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, activated the erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway in liver tissues, and markedly improved CCl4-induced apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis in liver tissues exposed with CCl4. In vitro, baicalein treatment improved CCl4 -induced decreases of cell viabilities and knockdown of Nrf2 and arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) genes partly abolished the protective effect of baicalein on CCl4 -induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, our results reveal that baicalein supplementation ameliorates CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice by upregulating the antioxidant defense pathways and downregulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis, which involved the activation of Nrf2 pathway and the inhibition of ALOX12 and NF-κB pathways.
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10
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Dontaine P, Kottos E, Dassonville M, Balasel O, Catros V, Soblet J, Perlot P, Vilain C. Digestive involvement in a severe form of Snyder-Robinson syndrome: Possible expansion of the phenotype. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 64:104097. [PMID: 33186760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Snyder-Robinson syndrome (OMIM #309583) is a rare X-linked condition, caused by mutation in the SMS gene (MIM *300105), characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical signs including developmental delay, epilepsy, asthenic habitus, dysmorphism, osteopenia, and renal or genital anomalies. Here we describe two maternal half-brothers who both presented with severe neurodevelopmental delay, seizures, hearing loss, facial dysmorphism, renal and ophthalmologic anomalies, failure to thrive and premature death. A novel p.(Gly203Asp) variant was found at the hemizygous state in the two boys, and an elevated Spermidine/Spermine ratio confirmed the diagnosis of Snyder-Robinson syndrome. One of the brothers presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, with jejunal stenosis, enteral feeding intolerance, failure to thrive due to a dysfunctional gastrointestinal system, cholestasis and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Although more studies will be needed to understand its mechanisms, this observation lends further support to the possibility of severe digestive involvement in Snyder Robinson syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Dontaine
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elisa Kottos
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Dassonville
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ovidiu Balasel
- Department of Neonatalogy, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique Catros
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), CRB Santé Rennes, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Julie Soblet
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascale Perlot
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Catheline Vilain
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Genetics, Hôpital Erasme, ULB Center of Human Genetics, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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11
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Capella Roca B, Doolan P, Barron N, O'Neill F, Clynes M. Altered gene expression in CHO cells following polyamine starvation. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:927-936. [PMID: 32078082 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02841-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the impact of polyamine deprivation on the transcriptome of CHO cells RESULTS: Polyamines play a central but poorly-understood role in cell proliferation. Most studies to date have utilised chemical inhibitors to probe polyamine function. Here we exploit the fact that CHO cells grown in serum-free medium have an absolute requirement for putrescine supplementation due to their deficiency in activity of the enzyme arginase. A gene expression microarray (Affymetrix) analysis of CHO-K1 cells starved of polyamines for 3 days showed that cessation of growth, associated with increased G1/S transition and inhibition of M/G1 transition was accompanied by increased mRNA levels of mitotic complex checkpoint genes (Mad2l1, Tkk, Bub1b) and in the transition of G1- to S-phase (such as Skp2 and Tfdp1). mRNAs associated with DNA homologous recombination and repair (including Fanconi's anaemia-related genes) and with RNA splicing were consistently increased. Alterations in mRNA levels for genes related to protein processing in the ER, to ER stress, and to p53-related and apoptosis pathways were also observed. mRNAs showing highest levels of fold-change included several which code for membrane-localised proteins and receptors (Thbs1, Tfrc1, Ackr3, Extl1). CONCLUSIONS Growth-arrest induced by polyamine deprivation was associated with significant alterations in levels of mRNAs associated with cell cycle progression, DNA repair, RNA splicing, ER trafficking and membrane signalling as well as p53 and apoptosis-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Capella Roca
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
- SSPC-SFI Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Padraig Doolan
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Niall Barron
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fiona O'Neill
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Martin Clynes
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- SSPC-SFI Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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12
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Murray Stewart T, Khomutov M, Foley JR, Guo X, Holbert CE, Dunston TT, Schwartz CE, Gabrielson K, Khomutov A, Casero RA. ( R, R)-1,12-Dimethylspermine can mitigate abnormal spermidine accumulation in Snyder-Robinson syndrome. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:3247-3256. [PMID: 31996374 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Snyder-Robinson syndrome (SRS) is an X-linked intellectual disability syndrome caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the spermine synthase (SMS) gene. Primarily affecting males, the main manifestations of SRS include osteoporosis, hypotonic stature, seizures, cognitive impairment, and developmental delay. Because there is no cure for SRS, treatment plans focus on alleviating symptoms rather than targeting the underlying causes. Biochemically, the cells of individuals with SRS accumulate excess spermidine, whereas spermine levels are reduced. We recently demonstrated that SRS patient-derived lymphoblastoid cells are capable of transporting exogenous spermine and its analogs into the cell and, in response, decreasing excess spermidine pools to normal levels. However, dietary supplementation of spermine does not appear to benefit SRS patients or mouse models. Here, we investigated the potential use of a metabolically stable spermine mimetic, (R,R)-1,12-dimethylspermine (Me2SPM), to reduce the intracellular spermidine pools of SRS patient-derived cells. Me2SPM can functionally substitute for the native polyamines in supporting cell growth while stimulating polyamine homeostatic control mechanisms. We found that both lymphoblasts and fibroblasts from SRS patients can accumulate Me2SPM, resulting in significantly decreased spermidine levels with no adverse effects on growth. Me2SPM administration to mice revealed that Me2SPM significantly decreases spermidine levels in multiple tissues. Importantly, Me2SPM was detectable in brain tissue, the organ most affected in SRS, and was associated with changes in polyamine metabolic enzymes. These findings indicate that the (R,R)-diastereomer of 1,12-Me2SPM represents a promising lead compound in developing a treatment aimed at targeting the molecular mechanisms underlying SRS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Murray Stewart
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Maxim Khomutov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Jackson R Foley
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Cassandra E Holbert
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - Tiffany T Dunston
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | | | - Kathleen Gabrielson
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Alexey Khomutov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Robert A Casero
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287.
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13
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Popović D, Kocić G, Katić V, Zarubica A, Janković Veličković L, Ničković VP, Jović A, Veljković A, Petrović V, Rakić V, Jović Z, Poklar Ulrih N, Sokolović D, Stojanović M, Stanković M, Radenković G, Nikolić GR, Lukač А, Milosavljević A, Sokolović D. Anthocyanins Protect Hepatocytes against CCl 4-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Rats by Inhibiting Pro-inflammatory mediators, Polyamine Catabolism, Lipocalin-2, and Excessive Proliferation of Kupffer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100451. [PMID: 31590249 PMCID: PMC6826396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
: This study examined the hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of anthocyanins from Vaccinim myrtillus (bilberry) fruit extract on the acute liver failure caused by carbon tetrachloride-CCl4 (3 mL/kg, i.p.). The preventive treatment of the bilberry extract (200 mg anthocyanins/kg, orally, 7 days) prior to the exposure to the CCl4 resulted in an evident decrease in markers of liver damage (glutamate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase), and reduced pro-oxidative (conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, advanced oxidation protein products, NADPH oxidase, hydrogen peroxide, oxidized glutathione), and pro-inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, nitrite, myeloperoxidase, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, CD68, lipocalin-2), and also caused a significant decrease in the dissipation of the liver antioxidative defence capacities (reduced glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, and quinone reductase) in comparison to the results detected in the animals treated with CCl4 exclusively. The administration of the anthocyanins prevented the arginine metabolism's diversion towards the citrulline, decreased the catabolism of polyamines (the activity of putrescine oxidase and spermine oxidase), and significantly reduced the excessive activation and hyperplasia of the Kupffer cells. There was also an absence of necrosis, in regard to the toxic effect of CCl4 alone. The hepatoprotective mechanisms of bilberry extract are based on the inhibition of pro-oxidative mediators, strong anti-inflammatory properties, inducing of hepatic phase II antioxidant enzymes (glutathione S-transferase, quinone reductase) and reduced glutathione, hypoplasia of Kupffer cells, and a decrease in the catabolism of polyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Popović
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (G.K.); (A.V.); (D.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +00-381-637-195-951
| | - Gordana Kocić
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (G.K.); (A.V.); (D.S.)
| | - Vuka Katić
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (V.K.); (L.J.V.)
| | - Aleksandra Zarubica
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Ljubinka Janković Veličković
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (V.K.); (L.J.V.)
| | | | - Andrija Jović
- Clinic of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Clinical Center of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 48, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Andrej Veljković
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (G.K.); (A.V.); (D.S.)
| | - Vladimir Petrović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (V.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Violeta Rakić
- College of Agriculture and Food Technology, Ćirila i Metodija 1, 18400 Prokuplje, Serbia;
| | - Zorica Jović
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Nataša Poklar Ulrih
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Danka Sokolović
- Institute for Blood Transfusion in Nis, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 48, 18000 Niš, Serbia;
| | - Marko Stojanović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.S.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Marko Stanković
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.S.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Goran Radenković
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (V.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Gordana R. Nikolić
- Medical Faculty, University of Priština, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia;
| | - Аzra Lukač
- Health Center Rožaje, 84310 Rožaje, Montenegro;
| | - Aleksandar Milosavljević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.S.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Dušan Sokolović
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Bulevar dr Zorana Đinđića 81, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (G.K.); (A.V.); (D.S.)
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14
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Zahedi K, Barone S, Soleimani M. Polyamine Catabolism in Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4790. [PMID: 31561575 PMCID: PMC6801762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) refers to an abrupt decrease in kidney function. It affects approximately 7% of all hospitalized patients and almost 35% of intensive care patients. Mortality from acute kidney injury remains high, particularly in critically ill patients, where it can be more than 50%. The primary causes of AKI include ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), sepsis, or nephrotoxicity; however, AKI patients may present with a complicated etiology where many of the aforementioned conditions co-exist. Multiple bio-markers associated with renal damage, as well as metabolic and signal transduction pathways that are involved in the mediation of renal dysfunction have been identified as a result of the examination of models, patient samples, and clinical data of AKI of disparate etiologies. These discoveries have enhanced our ability to diagnose AKIs and to begin to elucidate the mechanisms involved in their pathogenesis. Studies in our laboratory revealed that the expression and activity of spermine/spermidine N1-acetyltransferase (SAT1), the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine back conversion, were enhanced in kidneys of rats after I/R injury. Additional studies revealed that the expression of spermine oxidase (SMOX), another critical enzyme in polyamine catabolism, is also elevated in the kidney and other organs subjected to I/R, septic, toxic, and traumatic injuries. The maladaptive role of polyamine catabolism in the mediation of AKI and other injuries has been clearly demonstrated. This review will examine the biochemical and mechanistic basis of tissue damage brought about by enhanced polyamine degradation and discuss the potential of therapeutic interventions that target polyamine catabolic enzymes or their byproducts for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Zahedi
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Sharon Barone
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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15
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Mechanistic basis for impaired ferroptosis in cells expressing the African-centric S47 variant of p53. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:8390-8396. [PMID: 30962386 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821277116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A population-restricted single-nucleotide coding region polymorphism (SNP) at codon 47 exists in the human TP53 gene (P47S, hereafter P47 and S47). In studies aimed at identifying functional differences between these variants, we found that the African-specific S47 variant associates with an impaired response to agents that induce the oxidative stress-dependent, nonapoptotic cell death process of ferroptosis. This phenotype is manifested as a greater resistance to glutamate-induced cytotoxicity in cultured cells as well as increased carbon tetrachloride-mediated liver damage in a mouse model. The differential ferroptotic responses associate with intracellular antioxidant differences between P47 and S47 cells, including elevated abundance of the low molecular weight thiols coenzyme A (CoA) and glutathione in S47 cells. Importantly, the disparate ferroptosis phenotypes related to the P47S polymorphism are reversible. Exogenous administration of CoA provides protection against ferroptosis in cultured mouse and human cells, as well as in a mouse model. The combined data support a positive role for p53 in ferroptosis and identify CoA as a regulator of this cell death process. Together, these findings provide mechanistic insight linking redox regulation of p53 to small molecule antioxidants and stress signaling pathways. They also identify potential therapeutic approaches to redox-related pathologies.
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16
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Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are indispensable polycations ubiquitous to all living cells. Among their many critical functions, PAs contribute to the oxidative balance of the cell. Beginning with studies by the Tabor laboratory in bacteria and yeast, the requirement for PAs as protectors against oxygen radical-mediated damage has been well established in many organisms, including mammals. However, PAs also serve as substrates for oxidation reactions that produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) both intra- and extracellularly. As intracellular concentrations of PAs can reach millimolar concentrations, the H2O2 amounts produced through their catabolism, coupled with a reduction in protective PAs, are sufficient to cause the oxidative damage associated with many pathologies, including cancer. Thus, the maintenance of intracellular polyamine homeostasis may ultimately contribute to the maintenance of oxidative homeostasis. Again, pioneering studies by Tabor and colleagues led the way in first identifying spermine oxidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. They also first purified the extracellular bovine serum amine oxidase and elucidated the products of its oxidation of primary amine groups of PAs when included in culture medium. These investigations formed the foundation for many polyamine-related studies and experimental procedures still performed today. This Minireview will summarize key innovative studies regarding PAs and oxidative damage, starting with those from the Tabor laboratory and including the most recent advances, with a focus on mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Murray Stewart
- From the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287 and
| | - Tiffany T Dunston
- From the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287 and
| | - Patrick M Woster
- the Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425
| | - Robert A Casero
- From the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287 and
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17
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Yuan F, Zhang L, Cao Y, Gao W, Zhao C, Fang Y, Zahedi K, Soleimani M, Lu X, Fang Z, Yang Q. Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase-mediated polyamine catabolism regulates beige adipocyte biogenesis. Metabolism 2018; 85:298-304. [PMID: 29715464 PMCID: PMC7269456 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cold and β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists activate beige adipocyte biogenesis in white adipose tissue (WAT). The two stimuli also induce expression of inflammatory cytokines in WAT. The low-grade inflammation may further promote WAT browning. However, the mechanisms to reconcile these two biological processes remain to be elucidated. In this study, we aim to investigate the roles of the rate-limiting polyamine catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SAT1) in regulating beige adipocyte biogenesis and inflammation. METHODS Adipose-specific SAT1 knockout mice (SAT1-aKO) were generated by crossing adiponectin-cre to SAT1-lox/lox mice. Metabolic phenotype was investigated. Primary pre-adipocytes were isolated from inguinal WAT (iWAT) and differentiated to adipocytes for studying beige adipocyte biogenesis. RESULT The expression and enzymatic activity of SAT1 were up-regulated in iWAT upon cold and β3-AR stimulation. SAT1-aKO mice developed late-onset obesity on a high-fat diet with impaired cold-induced beige adipocyte biogenesis and energy expenditure. RNA-seq analysis of iWAT from cold-challenged SAT1-aKO mice revealed that, in addition to beige adipocyte biogenesis signatures, the immune response markers were highly enriched among reduced genes. In cultured adipocytes, SAT1 overexpression or pharmacological activation with N1, N11-diethylnorspermine (DENSpm) elevated oxygen consumption and increased the expression of beige adipocyte marker UCP1 and PGC-1α. DENSpm treatment of adipocytes also increased the expression of inflammatory genes. SAT1 activation enhanced hydrogen peroxide production in adipocytes. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine abrogated the elevated UCP1 expression and reversed some inflammatory genes induced by SAT1 activation. CONCLUSIONS SAT1 activation plays a key role in cold and β3-AR agonist-induced beige adipocyte biogenesis and low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yuan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Diabetes Center, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Diabetes Center, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 512642, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Diabetes Center, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Diabetes Center, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Can Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Diabetes Center, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China; Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Diabetes Center, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kamyar Zahedi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, USA
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Zhuyuan Fang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, Diabetes Center, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Zahedi K, Barone S, Destefano-Shields C, Brooks M, Murray-Stewart T, Dunworth M, Li W, Doherty JR, Hall MA, Smith RD, Cleveland JL, Casero RA, Soleimani M. Activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response by enhanced polyamine catabolism is important in the mediation of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184570. [PMID: 28886181 PMCID: PMC5590979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity limits its use in many cancer patients. The expression of enzymes involved in polyamine catabolism, spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) and spermine oxidase (SMOX) increase in the kidneys of mice treated with cisplatin. We hypothesized that enhanced polyamine catabolism contributes to tissue damage in cisplatin acute kidney injury (AKI). Using gene knockout and chemical inhibitors, the role of polyamine catabolism in cisplatin AKI was examined. Deficiency of SSAT, SMOX or neutralization of the toxic products of polyamine degradation, H2O2 and aminopropanal, significantly diminished the severity of cisplatin AKI. In vitro studies demonstrated that the induction of SSAT and elevated polyamine catabolism in cells increases the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and enhances the expression of binding immunoglobulin protein BiP/GRP78) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP/GADD153). The increased expression of these endoplasmic reticulum stress response (ERSR) markers was accompanied by the activation of caspase-3. These results suggest that enhanced polyamine degradation in cisplatin AKI may lead to tubular damage through the induction of ERSR and the consequent onset of apoptosis. In support of the above, we show that the ablation of the SSAT or SMOX gene, as well as the neutralization of polyamine catabolism products modulate the onset of ERSR (e.g. lower BiP and CHOP) and apoptosis (e.g. reduced activated caspase-3). These studies indicate that enhanced polyamine catabolism and its toxic products are important mediators of ERSR and critical to the pathogenesis of cisplatin AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Zahedi
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Sharon Barone
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Christina Destefano-Shields
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marybeth Brooks
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew Dunworth
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Weimin Li
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States of America
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States of America
| | - Joanne R. Doherty
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Hall
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States of America
| | - Roger D. Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - John L. Cleveland
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Casero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Departments of Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Center on Genetics of Transport, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
- Research Services, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America
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Hepatoprotective Effect of Carboxymethyl Pachyman in Fluorouracil-Treated CT26-Bearing Mice. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22050756. [PMID: 28481246 PMCID: PMC6153744 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22050756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the chemotherapeutic agent of first choice for the treatment ofcolorectal cancer, however, treatment-related liver toxicity remains a major concern. Thereby, it is desirable to search for novel therapeutic approaches that can effectively enhance curative effects and reduce the toxic side effects of 5-FU. Carboxymethyl Pachyman (CMP) exhibits strong antitumor properties, but the antitumor and hepatoprotective effects of CMP and the molecular mechanisms behind these activities, are however poorly explored. Thereby, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of CMP in 5-FU-treated CT26-bearing mice, and further explore the underlying mechanism(s) of action. Initially, a CT26 colon carcinoma xenograft mice model was established. The immune organ indexes, blood indicators, liver tissue injury, and indicators associated with inflammation, antioxidant and apoptosis were then measured. Our results showed that CMP administration increased the tumor inhibitory rates of 5-FU and, meanwhile, it reversed reduction of peripheral white blood cells (WBC) and bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNC), increase of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and decrease of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), GSH-Px and glutathione(GSH) induced by 5-FU. Moreover, CMP in combination with 5-FU alleviated severe liver injury induced by 5-FU via reducing the levels of ROS, IL-1β, and IL-6, decreasing expression of p-IκB-α, NF-κB, p-NF-κB, pp38 and Bax, and elevating levels of Nrf2, GCL, HO-1 and Bcl-2. Collectively, these outcomes suggested that CMP effectively enhanced the curative effects of 5-FU and simultaneously reduced the liver injuries induced by 5-FU in CT26-bearing mice, and the mechanism may be associated with regulation of NF-κB, Nrf2-ARE and MAPK/P38/JNK pathways.
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Activation of SAT1 engages polyamine metabolism with p53-mediated ferroptotic responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E6806-E6812. [PMID: 27698118 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1607152113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 491] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although p53-mediated cell-cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis remain critical barriers to cancer development, the emerging role of p53 in cell metabolism, oxidative responses, and ferroptotic cell death has been a topic of great interest. Nevertheless, it is unclear how p53 orchestrates its activities in multiple metabolic pathways into tumor suppressive effects. Here, we identified the SAT1 (spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase 1) gene as a transcription target of p53. SAT1 is a rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine catabolism critically involved in the conversion of spermidine and spermine back to putrescine. Surprisingly, we found that activation of SAT1 expression induces lipid peroxidation and sensitizes cells to undergo ferroptosis upon reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced stress, which also leads to suppression of tumor growth in xenograft tumor models. Notably, SAT1 expression is down-regulated in human tumors, and CRISPR-cas9-mediated knockout of SAT1 expression partially abrogates p53-mediated ferroptosis. Moreover, SAT1 induction is correlated with the expression levels of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15), and SAT1-induced ferroptosis is significantly abrogated in the presence of PD146176, a specific inhibitor of ALOX15. Thus, our findings uncover a metabolic target of p53 involved in ferroptotic cell death and provide insight into the regulation of polyamine metabolism and ferroptosis-mediated tumor suppression.
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Domitrović R, Rashed K, Cvijanović O, Vladimir-Knežević S, Škoda M, Višnić A. Myricitrin exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic activity in carbon tetrachloride-intoxicated mice. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 230:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Liu H, Wang Z, Nowicki MJ. Caspase-12 mediates carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocyte apoptosis in mice. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:18189-18198. [PMID: 25561786 PMCID: PMC4277956 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i48.18189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of caspase-12 and its downstream targets in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis.
METHODS: The role of caspase-12 was determined by using caspase-12 knock-out (-/-) mice. CCl4 (300 μL/kg body weight) or vehicle (corn oil) was administered to caspase-12+/+ or caspase-12-/- mice as a single intraperitoneal injection. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the CCl4 treatment. Blood was collected to evaluate liver function by the measurement of the activity of alanine aminotransferase. Liver samples were used for the measurements of reactive oxygen species using plasma malondialdehyde as biomarker, hepatocyte apoptosis was evaluated via terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling and controlled by morphologic study, and cytochrome C release and caspase activations were measured by Western blotting.
RESULTS: Administration of a low dose of CCl4 resulted in hepatocyte apoptosis and acute liver injury in wild-type mice. CCl4 also induced the generation of reactive oxygen species and induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the liver followed by activations of caspase-12, -9 and -3 as well as release of small amounts of cytochrome C. However, in the CCl4-treated caspase-12-/- mice, activation of caspase-9 and -3 were significantly attenuated (P < 0.05); no effect was seen in cytochrome C release. CCl4-induced apoptosis and liver damage was markedly reduced in caspase-12-/- mice compared to caspase-12+/+ mice (P < 0.05). The active form of caspase-8 was not detected in either caspase-12+/+ or caspase-12-/- mice. There was no significant different in the formation of reactive oxygen species in the livers of caspase-12+/+ and caspase-12-/- mice treated with CCl4.
CONCLUSION: Caspase-12 plays a pivotal role in CCl4-induced hepatic apoptosis through the activation of the downstream effector caspase-3 directly and/or indirectly via capase-9 activation.
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Zahedi K, Barone S, Wang Y, Murray-Stewart T, Roy-Chaudhury P, Smith RD, Casero RA, Soleimani M. Proximal tubule epithelial cell specific ablation of the spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase gene reduces the severity of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110161. [PMID: 25390069 PMCID: PMC4229091 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression and activity of spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) increases in kidneys subjected to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, while its ablation reduces the severity of such injuries. These results suggest that increased SSAT levels contribute to organ injury; however, the role of SSAT specifically expressed in proximal tubule epithelial cells, which are the primary targets of I/R injury, in the mediation of renal damage remains unresolved. METHODS Severity of I/R injury in wt and renal proximal tubule specific SSAT-ko mice (PT-SSAT-Cko) subjected to bilateral renal I/R injury was assessed using cellular and molecular biological approaches. RESULTS Severity of the loss of kidney function and tubular damage are reduced in PT-SSAT-Cko- compared to wt-mice after I/R injury. In addition, animals treated with MDL72527, an inhibitor of polyamine oxidases, had less severe renal damage than their vehicle treated counter-parts. The renal expression of HMGB 1 and Toll like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 were also reduced in PT-SSAT-Cko- compared to wt mice after I/R injury. Furthermore, infiltration of neutrophils, as well as expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) transcripts were lower in the kidneys of PT-SSAT-Cko compared to wt mice after I/R injury. Finally, the activation of caspase3 was more pronounced in the wt compared to PT-SSAT-Cko animals. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced SSAT expression by proximal tubule epithelial cells leads to tubular damage, and its deficiency reduces the severity of renal I/R injury through reduction of cellular damage and modulation of the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Zahedi
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Veterans Affair Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sharon Barone
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Veterans Affair Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yang Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Prabir Roy-Chaudhury
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Roger D. Smith
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Robert A. Casero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Manoocher Soleimani
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Veterans Affair Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
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Battaglia V, Shields CD, Murray-Stewart T, Casero RA. Polyamine catabolism in carcinogenesis: potential targets for chemotherapy and chemoprevention. Amino Acids 2014; 46:511-9. [PMID: 23771789 PMCID: PMC3795954 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines, including spermine, spermidine, and the precursor diamine, putrescine, are naturally occurring polycationic alkylamines that are required for eukaryotic cell growth, differentiation, and survival. This absolute requirement for polyamines and the need to maintain intracellular levels within specific ranges require a highly regulated metabolic pathway primed for rapid changes in response to cellular growth signals, environmental changes, and stress. Although the polyamine metabolic pathway is strictly regulated in normal cells, dysregulation of polyamine metabolism is a frequent event in cancer. Recent studies suggest that the polyamine catabolic pathway may be involved in the etiology of some epithelial cancers. The catabolism of spermine to spermidine utilizes either the one-step enzymatic reaction of spermine oxidase (SMO) or the two-step process of spermidine/spermine N (1)-acetyltransferase (SSAT) coupled with the peroxisomal enzyme N (1)-acetylpolyamine oxidase. Both catabolic pathways produce hydrogen peroxide and a reactive aldehyde that are capable of damaging DNA and other critical cellular components. The catabolic pathway also depletes the intracellular concentrations of spermidine and spermine, which are free radical scavengers. Consequently, the polyamine catabolic pathway in general and specifically SMO and SSAT provide exciting new targets for chemoprevention and/or chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Battaglia
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Christina DeStefano Shields
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Program in Molecular and Translational Toxicology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Tracy Murray-Stewart
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Robert A. Casero
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous and essential components of mammalian cells. They have multiple functions including critical roles in nucleic acid and protein synthesis, gene expression, protein function, protection from oxidative damage, the regulation of ion channels, and maintenance of the structure of cellular macromolecules. It is essential to maintain a correct level of polyamines, and this amount is tightly regulated at the levels of transport, synthesis, and degradation. Catabolic pathways generate reactive aldehydes including acrolein and hydrogen peroxide via a number of oxidases. These metabolites, particularly those from spermine, can cause significant toxicity with damage to proteins, DNA, and other cellular components. Their production can be increased as a result of infection or cell damage that releases free polyamines and activates the oxidative catabolic pathways. Since polyamines also have an important physiological role in protection from oxidative damage, the reduction in polyamine content may exacerbate the toxic potential of these agents. Increases in polyamine catabolism have been implicated in the development of diseases including stroke, other neurological diseases, renal failure, liver disease, and cancer. These results provide new opportunities for the early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony E Pegg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine , Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
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Modulation of polyamine metabolic flux in adipose tissue alters the accumulation of body fat by affecting glucose homeostasis. Amino Acids 2013; 46:701-15. [PMID: 23881108 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-013-1548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The continued rise in obesity despite public education, awareness and policies indicates the need for mechanism-based therapeutic approaches to help control the disease. Our data, in conjunction with other studies, suggest an unexpected role for the polyamine catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine-N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) in fat homeostasis. Our previous studies showed that deletion of SSAT greatly exaggerates weight gain and that the transgenic overexpression suppresses weight gain in mice on a high-fat diet. This discovery is substantial but the underlying molecular linkages are only vaguely understood. Here, we used a comprehensive systems biology approach, on white adipose tissue (WAT), to discover that the partition of acetyl-CoA towards polyamine catabolism alters glucose homeostasis and hence, fat accumulation. Comparative proteomics and antibody-based expression studies of WAT in SSAT knockout, wild type and transgenic mice identified nine proteins with an increasing gradient across the genotypes, all of which correlate with acetyl-CoA consumption in polyamine acetylation. Adipose-specific SSAT knockout mice and global SSAT knockout mice on a high-fat diet exhibited similar growth curves and proteomic patterns in their WAT, confirming that attenuated consumption of acetyl-CoA in acetylation of polyamines in adipose tissue drives the obese phenotype of these mice. Analysis of protein expression indicated that the identified changes in the levels of proteins regulating acetyl-CoA consumption occur via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Together, our data suggest that differential expression of SSAT markedly alters acetyl-CoA levels, which in turn trigger a global shift in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, thus affecting the accumulation of body fat.
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