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Ruța F, Pribac M, Mardale E, Suciu S, Maior R, Bogdan S, Avram C. Associations between Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Other Risk Factors in Women with a History of Urinary Tract Infections. Nutrients 2024; 16:1753. [PMID: 38892685 PMCID: PMC11174854 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among otherwise healthy women represent a problem that requires additional understanding and approaches. Evidencing the link between dysbiosis and UTIs and the associated potential risk factors could lead to therapeutic approaches with increased efficiency under the conditions of reducing the risks associated with antibiotic treatments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dysbiosis and other potential risk factors in women with a history of urinary tract infections; (2) Methods: Fecal dysbiosis tests were performed comparatively in two groups of women. The first group in-cluded women with recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) who had either two or more symp-tomatic episodes of UTI in the previous six months. The second group included women with spo-radic UTIs who did not have >1 UTI during a 12-month period and who did not have another UTI in the last 12 months; (3) Results: An association was shown between intestinal dysbiosis and recurrences of urinary tract infections. Increased body weight was associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Also, the lack of knowledge regarding the risk of using antibiotics and the benefits of probiotics was associated with both dysbiosis and recurrences of urinary tract infections; (4) Conclusions: Dysbiosis can have an impact on the recurrence of urinary tract infections. The risk factors for rUTI and dysbiosis in the sphere of lifestyle are potentially controllable, broadening the perspective for new approaches and changing the paradigm in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florina Ruța
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (F.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Mirela Pribac
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | | | - Sara Suciu
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (F.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Raluca Maior
- Anti-Aging Nutrition Clinic, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | | | - Călin Avram
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; (F.R.); (S.S.)
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Vanda R, Dastani T, Taghavi SA, Sadeghi H, Lambert N, Bazarganipour F. Pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women taking oral probiotic undergoing cerclage compared to placebo: two blinded randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:311. [PMID: 38724897 PMCID: PMC11080304 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06496-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study is to evaluate the oral probiotic effect on pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women undergoing cerclage compared to placebo. METHODS This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial undertaken in Yasuj, Iran. 114 eligible participants who have undergone cerclage were randomly divided to either receive probiotic adjuvant or 17α-OHP (250 mg, IM) with placebo from the 16th -37th week of pregnancy by "block" randomization method. Our primary outcomes were preterm labor (PTB) (late and early) and secondary outcomes were other obstetrical and neonatal outcomes included preterm pre-labor rupture of membranes (PPROM), pre-labor rupture of membranes (PROM), mode of delivery, and neonatal outcomes including anthropometric characterize and Apgar score (one and fifth-minute). RESULTS Results show that there are no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of PTB in < 34th (15.51% vs. 17.86%; P = 0.73) and 34-37th weeks of pregnancy (8.7% vs. 16.1%; P = 0.22), and mode of delivery (P = 0.09). PPROM (8.7% vs. 28.5%; P = 0.006) PROM (10.3% vs. 25%; P = 0.04) was significantly lower in patients receiving probiotic adjuvant compared to the control group. After delivery, the findings of the present study showed that there were no significant differences in newborn's weight (3082.46 ± 521.8vs. 2983.89 ± 623.89), head circumstance (36.86 ± 1.53vs. 36.574 ± 1.52), height (45.4 ± 5.34 vs. 47.33 ± 4.92) and Apgar score in one (0.89 ± 0.03 vs. 0.88 ± 0.05) and five minutes (0.99 ± 0.03vs. 0.99 ± 0.03) after birth. CONCLUSION Our result has shown that the consumption of Lactofem probiotic from the 16th week until 37th of pregnancy can lead to a reduction of complications such as PPROM and PROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raziyeh Vanda
- Gynecologic and Obstetrics Department, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Tahora Dastani
- Gynecologic and Obstetrics Department, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Sadeghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Nicky Lambert
- Department of Mental Health and Social Work, Middlesex University, London, UK
| | - Fatemeh Bazarganipour
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
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Forleo F, Pelosi FM, Bianco L, Petrella V. Efficacy and safety of vaginal formulations with tyndallized ferments in subjects with nonspecific vulvovaginitis: A randomized study in Italy. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2024; 50:647-654. [PMID: 38281490 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
AIM In this study, we tested the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of vaginal ovules and a vaginal douche containing tyndallized ferments in women affected by nonspecific vulvovaginitis, with or without the human papillomavirus (HPV). METHODS The study included 91 female patients and had a randomized, controlled sequential design, with parallel groups. Ovules and douche were tested and compared to a control group treated with sterile physiological solution. Total symptom score (TSS), individual signs and symptoms, therapeutic success were evaluated, as well as safety and tolerability. RESULTS The tyndallized ferments formulations (ovules and douche) had a safe and tolerable profile, and resulted in a significant decrease in TSS in patients affected by nonspecific vulvovaginitis, both at 5 and 10 days of treatment, when compared to a control group. The treatment was more effective than the control in reducing symptoms such as vulvar erythema, vulvar edema, itching, and burning. Patients affected by vulvovaginitis and HPV-positive received a 30 days treatment either with ovules or ovules + douche, and we observed an improvement at Day 30 compared to Day 0, for both regimens. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that topical treatment with tyndallized ferments is a safe and effective strategy to reduce symptoms of nonspecific vulvovaginitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Forleo
- Department of Gynecology, Ospedale del Mare, Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Fanny Mara Pelosi
- Department of Gynecology, Ospedale G. Moscati, Aversa, Caserta, Italy
| | - Luigina Bianco
- Department of Gynecology, Ospedale G. Moscati, Aversa, Caserta, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Petrella
- Department of Clinical Pathology, ASL Caserta-Ospedale G. Moscati, Aversa, Caserta, Italy
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Vidhate P, Wakchoure P, Borole S, Khan AA. Lactobacillus as probiotics: opportunities and challenges for potential benefits in female reproductive health. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:720-729. [PMID: 38586104 PMCID: PMC10994795 DOI: 10.62347/igwr5474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The growing interest of the scientific community in the study of probiotics has gathered valuable data about its beneficial effects for multiple clinical conditions. This data also provides evidence for the functions and properties of probiotics and how they contribute to health benefits by influencing normal microbiota. Lactobacillus is an important genus which has long been utilized in the food industry and is also found as normal oral, intestinal and vaginal microbiota. Lactobacillus has shown multiple health benefits but its relative importance as a probiotic is majorly explored for gastrointestinal health. Healthy vaginal microbiota typically harbors Lactobacillus spp. providing several health benefits for female reproductive health, but there is more data required in order to compare the relative benefits with probiotic Lactobacillus added through either natural food sources or with standard probiotics supplements. The present article discusses the current status of knowledge about vaginal Lactobacillus as a probiotic and also compares the potential of probiotics from natural sources and through supplements along with recent approaches in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Vidhate
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pooja Wakchoure
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Samiksha Borole
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abdul Arif Khan
- Division of Microbiology, ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Kucheria A, Kanabar S, Blick C, Yang B. A practical guide on the non-antibiotic options available in the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in women. Urologia 2023; 90:683-688. [PMID: 37606220 DOI: 10.1177/03915603231193060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Urinary Tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections worldwide, patients present to multiple different specialities in the community, primary and secondary care. Antibiotics are considered standard first line therapy in the treatment of urinary tract infections, however there is an alarming rise in global antibiotic resistance rates, so much so that the World Health Organisation has labelled antibiotic resistance as one of the biggest challenges to public health in our lifetime, publishing a global action plan to tackle this challenge. As a result, there is an increasing need to discover non-antibiotic alternatives, recently a number of novel therapies have been introduced into clinical practice. These are divided into oral, topical, intravesical and immunomodulation therapies. The aim of this paper is to summarise the current non-antibiotic treatments as a practical guide to utilise in patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Kucheria
- Department of Urology, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, Berkshire, UK
| | - Sagar Kanabar
- Department of Urology, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, Berkshire, UK
| | - Christopher Blick
- Department of Urology, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, Berkshire, UK
| | - Bob Yang
- Department of Urology, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, Berkshire, UK
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Tanha FD, Rahmani Z, Rezaei Z, Asbagh FA, Ebrahimi M, Quchani SH, Feizabad E, Shahraki Z. The effect of normalizing vaginal microbiome using Lactovag in improving pregnancy outcomes in frozen embryo transfer cycles: a randomized clinical trial. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 308:1587-1592. [PMID: 37596466 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Successful frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FTET) depends on multiple factors among which the woman's vaginal microbiota has recently been considered important. Using probiotic products, such as Lactovag in infertile women, the vaginal microbiome can become close to the healthy status. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Lactovag on normalizing vaginal microbiome, as well as its role in improving pregnancy outcomes in FTET cycles. PATIENTS AND METHODS This randomized blinded clinical trial was conducted on 103 patients undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) treatment at a tertiary university-based hospital between January and August of 2019. In the experiment group, the vaginal suppository Lactavag was prescribed, whereas in the control group, patients did not receive any microbiome supplements. Then, the pregnancy rate was compared in the two groups. RESULTS There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two study groups (p > 0.05). Positive B hCG was present in 28% (n = 26) of women, clinical pregnancy was achieved in 23.4% (n = 22) of them and fetal heart rate was detected in 21.3% (n = 20). These proportions were higher in the Lactovag group, although these differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Results showed that although transferring fetuses with grade A increased the odds of pregnancy with 1.53 (p = 0.001) folds, this ratio would be improved using Lactovag;1.68 (P value = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS It seems that the vaginal microbiota critically interplays with women's health and reproduction. A probiotic agent such as Lactovag can be useful in normalizing this environment and improving pregnancy outcomes in infertile women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Davari Tanha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of OBS & GYN & Reproductive Endocrinology, Vali-asr Health Research Center, Vali-asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Rahmani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezaei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouzeh Akbari Asbagh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahbod Ebrahimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elham Feizabad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yas Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Shahraki
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
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Xiang Q, Yan X, Shi W, Li H, Zhou K. Early gut microbiota intervention in premature infants: Application perspectives. J Adv Res 2023; 51:59-72. [PMID: 36372205 PMCID: PMC10491976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is the leading cause of death in children under the age of five. One of the major factors contributing to the high risk of diseases and deaths in premature infants is the incomplete development of the intestinal immune system. The gut microbiota has been widely recognized as a critical factor in promoting the development and function of the intestinal immune system after birth. However, the gut microbiota of premature infants is at high risk of dysbiosis, which is highly associated with adverse effects on the development and education of the early life immune system. Early intervention can modulate the colonization and development of gut microbiota and has a long-term influence on the development of the intestinal immune system. AIM OF REVIEW This review aims to summarize the characterization, interconnection, and underlying mechanism of gut microbiota and intestinal innate immunity in premature infants, and to discuss the status, applicability, safety, and prospects of different intervention strategies in premature infants, thus providing an overview and outlook of the current applications and remaining gaps of early intervention strategies in premature infants. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review is focused on three key concepts. Firstly, the gut microbiota of premature infants is at high risk of dysbiosis, resulting in dysfunctional intestinal immune system processes. Secondly, contributing roles of early intervention have been observed in improving the intestinal environment and promoting gut microbiota colonization, which is significant in the development and function of gut immunity in premature infants. Thirdly, different strategies of early intervention, such as probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and nutrients, show different safety, applicability, and outcome in premature infants, and the underlying mechanism is complex and poorly understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanhang Xiang
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xudong Yan
- Department of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
| | - Huiping Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the first affiliated hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China; The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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8
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Mondal A, Sharma R, Abiha U, Ahmad F, Karan A, Jayaraj RL, Sundar V. A Spectrum of Solutions: Unveiling Non-Pharmacological Approaches to Manage Autism Spectrum Disorder. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1584. [PMID: 37763703 PMCID: PMC10536417 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that causes difficulty while socializing and communicating and the performance of stereotyped behavior. ASD is thought to have a variety of causes when accompanied by genetic disorders and environmental variables together, resulting in abnormalities in the brain. A steep rise in ASD has been seen regardless of the numerous behavioral and pharmaceutical therapeutic techniques. Therefore, using complementary and alternative therapies to treat autism could be very significant. Thus, this review is completely focused on non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions which include different diets, supplements, antioxidants, hormones, vitamins and minerals to manage ASD. Additionally, we also focus on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, herbal remedies, camel milk and cannabiodiol. Additionally, we concentrate on how palatable phytonutrients provide a fresh glimmer of hope in this situation. Moreover, in addition to phytochemicals/nutraceuticals, it also focuses on various microbiomes, i.e., gut, oral, and vaginal. Therefore, the current comprehensive review opens a new avenue for managing autistic patients through non-pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Mondal
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda 151401, India
| | - Rashi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Bawana, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Umme Abiha
- IDRP, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur 342030, India
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur 342005, India
| | - Faizan Ahmad
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard University, Delhi 110062, India
| | | | - Richard L. Jayaraj
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vaishnavi Sundar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Rangasamy P, Foo HL, Yusof BNM, Chew SY, Jamil AAM, Than LTL. Probiotic Strain Limosilactobacillus reuteri 29B is Proven Safe and Exhibits Potential Probiotic Traits in a Murine Vaginal Model. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10094-2. [PMID: 37314695 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10094-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacilli, the most common group of bacteria found in a healthy vaginal microbiota, have been demonstrated to act as a defence against colonisation and overgrowth of vaginal pathogens. These groups of bacteria have sparked interests in incorporating them as probiotics aimed at re-establishing balance within the urogenital ecosystem. In this study, the safety characteristics of Limosilactobacillus reuteri 29B (L29B) strain were evaluated through whole genome sequencing (WGS) and animal study. Cell culture assay and 16S rDNA analysis were done to evaluate the ability of the strain to colonise and adhere to the mouse vaginal tract, and RAST analysis was performed to screen for potential genes associated with probiotic trait. The histological study on the mice organs and blood analysis of the mice showed there was no incidence of inflammation. We also found no evidence of bacterial translocation. The cell culture assay on HeLa cells showed 85% of adhesion, and there was a significant reduction of Candida strain viability in displacement assay. As for the 16S rDNA analysis, there was a significant amount of L29B colonisation of the vaginal microflora. Taken together, the intravaginal administration of L29B significantly reduced the number Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcaceae that were present in mouse vaginal tract. It also improved and promoted a balanced vaginal microflora environment without causing any harm or irritation to mice. Limosilactobacillus 29B (L29B) is safe to be administered intravaginally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premmala Rangasamy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Ling Foo
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Research Laboratory of Probiotics and Cancer Therapeutics, UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof
- Department of Dietetic, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shu Yih Chew
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amilia Afzan Mohd Jamil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (O&G), Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Leslie Thian Lung Than
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Laboratory of Vaccine and Biomolecules, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Gohil P, Nanavati B, Patel K, Suthar V, Joshi M, Patil DB, Joshi CG. Assessing the efficacy of probiotics in augmenting bovine reproductive health: an integrated in vitro, in silico, and in vivo study. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1137611. [PMID: 37275132 PMCID: PMC10232901 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1137611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize bovine-vaginal probiotics genotypically and phenotypically using in silico and evaluate their in vivo performance in buffaloes with endometritis. For the in vitro isolation and characterization, vaginal swabs were collected from 34 cows and 17 buffaloes, and 709 primary bacterial isolates with probiotic activity were obtained using MRS agar media. Two isolates Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KUGBRC (LPKUGBRC) and Pediococcus pentosaceus GBRCKU (PPGBRCKU) demonstrated optimum in vitro probiotic activities as compared to Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG including, acid production, secretion of fatty acids and exopolysaccharide, cell surface hydrophobicity, self-aggregating and co-aggregating capacity with pathogens, anti-microbial activity and bacteriocin-like compounds against pathogens Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in cell-free supernatant and absence of hemolytic activity. Their phenotypic capacity was confirmed by analyzing the whole genome sequencing data and identifying genes and pathways associated with probiotic properties. These probiotic isolates have shown no virulence genes were discovered in their genomic study. In vivo study of 92 buffaloes suffering from clinical endometritis with purulent cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) were randomly allocated 40 × 108 CFU/ml LPKUGBRC and PPGBRCKU and 40 ml Normal saline. The LPKUGBRC reduced the duration between administration of probiotic to induction of healthy estrus significantly. However, no effect was observed on pregnancy rate. These results suggest that LPKUGBRC and PPGBRCKU probiotic bacteria demonstrate probiotic efficiency and adaptability. Further sourced from the same niche as the targeted infection, they offer a distinct advantage in targeting the specific microbial population associated with endometritis. The findings of this study highlight the potential of LPKUGBRC and PPGBRCKU probiotics in treating endometritis and suggest further exploration of their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purva Gohil
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavya Nanavati
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Kajal Patel
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vishal Suthar
- Directorate of Research, Kamdhenu University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Madhvi Joshi
- Gujarat Biotechnology Research Centre, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak B. Patil
- Directorate of Research, Kamdhenu University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Das S, Bhattacharjee MJ, Mukherjee AK, Khan MR. Recent advances in understanding of multifaceted changes in the vaginal microenvironment: implications in vaginal health and therapeutics. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:256-282. [PMID: 35312419 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2049696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The vagina endures multifaceted changes from neonatal to menopausal phases due to hormonal flux, metabolite deposition, and microbial colonization. These features have important implications in women's health. Several pre-factors show dynamic characteristics according to the phases that shift the vaginal microbiota from anaerobes to aerobes which is a hallmark of healthy vaginal environment. These factors include oestrogen levels, glycogen deposition, and vaginal microstructure. In the adult phase, Lactobacillus is highly dominant and regulates pH, adherence, aggregation, immune modulation, synthesis of bacteriocins, and biosurfactants (BSs) which are antagonistic to pathogens. Maternal factors are protective by favouring the colonization of lactobacilli in the vagina in the neonatal phase, which diminishes with age. The dominance of lactobacilli and dysbiosis in the adult phase depends on intrinsic and extrinsic factors in women, which vary between ethnicities. Recent developments in probiotics used against vaginal microbiome dysbiosis have shown great promise in restoring the normal microbiota including preventing the loss of beneficial bacteria. However, further in-depth studies are warranted to ensure long-term protection by probiotics. This review highlights various aspects of the vaginal microenvironment in different phases of growth and diverse ethnicities. Furthermore, it discusses future trends for formulating more effective population-specific probiotics and implications of paraprobiotics and postbiotics as effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Das
- Division of Life Science, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
| | | | - Ashis K Mukherjee
- Division of Life Science, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India
| | - Mojibur Rohman Khan
- Division of Life Science, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
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Han SY, Nguyen DT, Kim BJ, Kim N, Kang EK, Park JH, Choi IS. Cytoprotection of Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus with Artificial Nanoshells of Nature-Derived Eggshell Membrane Hydrolysates and Coffee Melanoidins in Single-Cell Nanoencapsulation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051104. [PMID: 36904345 PMCID: PMC10007236 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
One-step fabrication method for thin films and shells is developed with nature-derived eggshell membrane hydrolysates (ESMHs) and coffee melanoidins (CMs) that have been discarded as food waste. The nature-derived polymeric materials, ESMHs and CMs, prove highly biocompatible with living cells, and the one-step method enables cytocompatible construction of cell-in-shell nanobiohybrid structures. Nanometric ESMH-CM shells are formed on individual probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus, without any noticeable decrease in viability, and the ESMH-CM shells effectively protected L. acidophilus in the simulated gastric fluid (SGF). The cytoprotection power is further enhanced by Fe3+-mediated shell augmentation. For example, after 2 h of incubation in SGF, the viability of native L. acidophilus is 30%, whereas nanoencapsulated L. acidophilus, armed with the Fe3+-fortified ESMH-CM shells, show 79% in viability. The simple, time-efficient, and easy-to-process method developed in this work would contribute to many technological developments, including microbial biotherapeutics, as well as waste upcycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yeong Han
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Duc Tai Nguyen
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44776, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (B.J.K.); (I.S.C.)
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye K. Kang
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Park
- Department of Science Education, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Insung S. Choi
- Center for Cell-Encapsulation Research, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (B.J.K.); (I.S.C.)
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13
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Cappello C, Acin-Albiac M, Pinto D, Polo A, Filannino P, Rinaldi F, Gobbetti M, Di Cagno R. Do nomadic lactobacilli fit as potential vaginal probiotics? The answer lies in a successful selective multi-step and scoring approach. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:27. [PMID: 36774510 PMCID: PMC9921609 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02030-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to create a multi-strain probiotic gel that would foster a lactobacilli-dominated vaginal microbiota in pregnant women and ensure appropriate eubiosis for the newborn. Nomadic lactobacilli (95 strains), mostly isolated from food sources, were preliminarily screened for functional traits before being characterized for their capability to inhibit the two vaginal pathogens Streptococcus agalactiae and Candida albicans, which may lead to adverse pregnancy-related outcomes. Eight best-performing strains were chosen and furtherly investigated for their ability to produce biofilm. Lastly, the two selected potential probiotic candidates were analyzed in vitro for their ability to reduce the inflammation caused by C. albicans infection on the reconstituted human vaginal epithelium (HVE). RESULTS Lactiplantibacillus plantarum produced both isomers of lactic acid, while Lacticaseibacillus paracasei produced only L-isomer. The production of hydrogen peroxide was strain-dependent, with the highest concentrations found within Lact. paracasei strains. The auto-aggregation capacity and hydrophobicity traits were species-independent. S. agalactiae 88II3 was strongly inhibited both at pH 7.0 and 4.0, whereas the inhibition of C. albicans UNIBZ54 was less frequent. Overall, L. plantarum strains had the highest pathogen inhibition and functional scoring. L. plantarum C5 and POM1, which were selected as potential probiotic candidates also based on their ability to form biofilms, were able to counteract the inflammation process caused by C. albicans infection in the HVE model. CONCLUSIONS Our multi-step and cumulative scoring-based approach was proven successful in mining and highlighting the probiotic potential of two nomadic lactobacilli strains (L. plantarum C5 and POM1), being applicable to preserve and improve human vaginal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cappello
- grid.34988.3e0000 0001 1482 2038Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marta Acin-Albiac
- grid.34988.3e0000 0001 1482 2038Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Daniela Pinto
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project, Research & Development, Milan, Italy.
| | - Andrea Polo
- grid.34988.3e0000 0001 1482 2038Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Pasquale Filannino
- grid.7644.10000 0001 0120 3326Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Rinaldi
- Human Microbiome Advanced Project, Research & Development, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Gobbetti
- grid.34988.3e0000 0001 1482 2038Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Cagno
- grid.34988.3e0000 0001 1482 2038Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
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14
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Mashatan N, Heidari R, Altafi M, Amini A, Ommati MM, Hashemzaei M. Probiotics in vaginal health. Pathog Dis 2023; 81:ftad012. [PMID: 37286796 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis, a type of vaginal inflammation, can be considered the main reason for abnormal discharges of the vagina and vaginal dysbiosis during reproductive years. Epidemiological investigations of females suffering from vaginitis demonstrated that at least 30% to 50% of all women had Bacterial vaginosis (BV). One of the fields of treatment is the use of probiotics, probiotics are commonly defined as viable microorganisms (yeasts or bacteria) that can positively affect the health of their hosts. They are used in foods, notably fermented milk products, and medicine-related products. The development of new probiotic strains is aimed at more active advantageous organisms. Lactobacillus species are the dominant bacteria in a normal vagina that can decrease the pH of the vagina by the production of lactic acid. A number of lactobacilli types can produce hydrogen peroxide as well. The presence of hydrogen peroxide-induced low pH can prevent the growth of several other microorganisms. The vaginal flora of BV cases can modify by replacing the Lactobacillus species with a high density of anaerobic bacteria (i.e. Mobiluncus sp. Bacteroides sp.), Mycoplasma hominis, and Gardnerella vaginalis. More vaginal infections are treated with medications, while there is a possibility of recurrence and chronic infection because of the adverse effects on the indigenous lactobacilli. Probiotics and prebiotics have shown capacities for optimizing, maintaining, and restoring the vaginal microflora. Therefore, biotherapeutics can offer alternative approaches to reduce infections of the vagina and thus promote consumers' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Mashatan
- Graduated, School of Applied Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Mana Altafi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Shiraz Pardis Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Amini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Products Safety, College of Animal Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Masoud Hashemzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
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15
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Reinoso-Peláez EL, Saura M, González-Recio Ó, González C, Fernández A, Peiro-Pastor R, López-García A, Saborío-Montero A, Calvo JH, Ramón M, Serrano M. Impact of oestrus synchronization devices on ewes vaginal microbiota and artificial insemination outcome. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1063807. [PMID: 37032869 PMCID: PMC10076614 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1063807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The low pregnancy rate by artificial insemination in sheep represents a fundamental challenge for breeding programs. In this species, oestrus synchronization is carried out by manipulating hormonal regimens through the insertion of progestogen intravaginal devices. This reproductive strategy may alter the vaginal microbiota affecting the artificial insemination outcome. Methods In this study, we analyzed the vaginal microbiome of 94 vaginal swabs collected from 47 ewes with alternative treatments applied to the progesterone-releasing intravaginal devices (probiotic, maltodextrin, antibiotic and control), in two sample periods (before placing and after removing the devices). To our knowledge, this is the first study using nanopore-based metagenome sequencing for vaginal microbiome characterization in livestock. Results Our results revealed a significant lower abundance of the genera Oenococcus (Firmicutes) and Neisseria (Proteobacteria) in pregnant compared to non-pregnant ewes. We also detected a significant lower abundance of Campylobacter in the group of samples treated with the probiotic. Discussion Although the use of probiotics represents a promising practice to improve insemination results, the election of the suitable species and concentration requires further investigation. In addition, the use of progestogen in the synchronization devices seemed to increase the alpha-diversity and decrease the abundance of harmful microorganisms belonging to Gammaproteobacteria and Fusobacteriia classes, suggesting a beneficial effect of their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar L. Reinoso-Peláez
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Producción Agraria, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Edgar L. Reinoso-Peláez,
| | - María Saura
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- María Saura,
| | - Óscar González-Recio
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen González
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Fernández
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Peiro-Pastor
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián López-García
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Saborío-Montero
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge H. Calvo
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA-ARAID-IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel Ramón
- Departamento de Investigación en Reproducción y Mejora Genética Animal, Centro Regional de Selección y Reproducción Animal de Castilla La Mancha (CERSYRA-IRIAF), Valdepeñas, Spain
| | - Malena Serrano
- Departamento de Mejora Genética Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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16
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Xu X, Rao H, Fan X, Pang X, Wang Y, Zhao L, Xing J, Lv X, Wang T, Tao J, Zhang X, Qian J, Lou H. HPV-related cervical diseases: Alteration of vaginal microbiotas and promising potential for diagnosis. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28351. [PMID: 36437385 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vaginal microbiota is closely associated with women's health, however, the correlation between HPV-related cervical disease (HRCD) and vaginal microbiota is still obscure. In this study, patients with HRCD (n = 98) and healthy controls (n = 58) in Hangzhou were recruited, and their vaginal microbiota were collected and analyzed. The composition of the vaginal microbial community was explored, and a disease classification model was developed by random forest algorithm. The results suggested that the diversity of vaginal microbiota was significantly higher in HRCDs than that in healthy controls (p < 0.05). Firmicutes is the dominant phylum in vaginal microbiota, and Lactobacillus was identified as the most altered genus between two groups (p < 0.01). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis suggested the difference in vaginal microbial community functions between two groups. Furthermore, we identified 10 biomarkers as the optimal marker sets for the random forest model and found a higher probability of disease values in HRCD group in discovery cohort (p < 0.0001), with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve reaching 89.7% (95% confidence interval: 78.3%-100%). We further validated the model in both validation and independent diagnosis cohorts, confirming its accuracy in the prediction of HRCD. In conclusion, this study revealed the community composition of vaginal microbiota in HRCDs and successfully constructed a diagnostic model for HRCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Xu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiting Rao
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoji Fan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangwei Pang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yichen Wang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingqin Zhao
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xing
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Lv
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingzhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Testing and Risk Warning of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Tao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Qian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanmei Lou
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Mahajan G, Doherty E, To T, Sutherland A, Grant J, Junaid A, Gulati A, LoGrande N, Izadifar Z, Timilsina SS, Horváth V, Plebani R, France M, Hood-Pishchany I, Rakoff-Nahoum S, Kwon DS, Goyal G, Prantil-Baun R, Ravel J, Ingber DE. Vaginal microbiome-host interactions modeled in a human vagina-on-a-chip. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:201. [PMID: 36434666 PMCID: PMC9701078 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dominance of non-iners Lactobacillus species in the vaginal microbiome is optimal and strongly associated with gynecological and obstetric health, while the presence of diverse obligate or facultative anaerobic bacteria and a paucity in Lactobacillus species, similar to communities found in bacterial vaginosis (BV), is considered non-optimal and associated with adverse health outcomes. Various therapeutic strategies are being explored to modulate the composition of the vaginal microbiome; however, there is no human model that faithfully reproduces the vaginal epithelial microenvironment for preclinical validation of potential therapeutics or testing hypotheses about vaginal epithelium-microbiome interactions. RESULTS Here, we describe an organ-on-a-chip (organ chip) microfluidic culture model of the human vaginal mucosa (vagina chip) that is lined by hormone-sensitive, primary vaginal epithelium interfaced with underlying stromal fibroblasts, which sustains a low physiological oxygen concentration in the epithelial lumen. We show that the Vagina Chip can be used to assess colonization by optimal L. crispatus consortia as well as non-optimal Gardnerella vaginalis-containing consortia, and to measure associated host innate immune responses. Co-culture and growth of the L. crispatus consortia on-chip was accompanied by maintenance of epithelial cell viability, accumulation of D- and L-lactic acid, maintenance of a physiologically relevant low pH, and down regulation of proinflammatory cytokines. In contrast, co-culture of G. vaginalis-containing consortia in the vagina chip resulted in epithelial cell injury, a rise in pH, and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the potential of applying human organ chip technology to create a preclinical model of the human vaginal mucosa that can be used to better understand interactions between the vaginal microbiome and host tissues, as well as to evaluate the safety and efficacy of live biotherapeutics products. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Mahajan
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Present address: Emulate, Inc, 27 Drydock Ave, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Erin Doherty
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Tania To
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Arlene Sutherland
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer Grant
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Abidemi Junaid
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Aakanksha Gulati
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nina LoGrande
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zohreh Izadifar
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sanjay Sharma Timilsina
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Viktor Horváth
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roberto Plebani
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Present address: Center on Advanced Studies and Technology, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, G. d'Annunzio, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michael France
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Indriati Hood-Pishchany
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Seth Rakoff-Nahoum
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Douglas S Kwon
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Girija Goyal
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rachelle Prantil-Baun
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jacques Ravel
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Donald E Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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18
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Vaginal Microbiome in Reproductive Medicine. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12081948. [PMID: 36010298 PMCID: PMC9406911 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12081948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome has been given increasing importance in recent years. The establishment of sequencing-based technology has made it possible to identify a large number of bacterial species that were previously beyond the scope of culture-based technologies. Just as microbiome diagnostics has emerged as a major point of focus in science, reproductive medicine has developed into a subject of avid interest, particularly with regard to causal research and treatment options for implantation failure. Thus, the vaginal microbiome is discussed as a factor influencing infertility and a promising target for treatment options. The present review provides an overview of current research concerning the impact of the vaginal microbiome on the outcome of reproductive measures. A non-Lactobacillus-dominated microbiome was shown to be associated with dysbiosis, possibly even bacterial vaginosis. This imbalance has a negative impact on implantation rates in assisted reproductive technologies and may also be responsible for habitual abortions. Screening of the microbiome in conjunction with antibiotic and/or probiotic treatment appears to be one way of improving pregnancy outcomes.
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19
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Cervicovaginal microbiota isolated from healthy women exhibit probiotic properties and antimicrobial activity against pathogens isolated from cervical cancer patients. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:491. [PMID: 35840844 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal cervicovaginal microbiota play an important role in HPV persistence and progression to cervical cancer. The present study aimed at isolating and identifying potential probiotics from vaginal swabs of healthy women and evaluating their activity against vaginal pathogens isolated from cervical cancer patients. Based on probiotic, acid-bile tolerance and antimicrobial properties, 13 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the healthy group were identified by MALDI TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption and Ionisation, Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry). Among these, four strains, Lactobacillus gasseri P36Mops, Limosilactobacillus fermentum P37Mws, Lactobacillus delbrueckii P31Mcs and Enterococcus faecium P26Mcm, exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against 8 vaginal pathogens (Staphylococcus haemolyticus P41Tcs, Escherichia coli P30Tcs, E. coli P79Bcm, Enterococus faecalis P29Mops, E. faecalis P50Tws, E. faecalis P68Tcb, S. haemolyticus P48Bcb and S. haemolyticus P58Bcb) isolated from precancerous and cervical cancer patients. 16S rRNA sequencing of four potential probiotics revealed congruency with the MALDI-TOF MS identification and phylogenetic analysis showed genetic relationship with previously reported LAB strains. The selected LAB showed strain specific hydrophobicity (35.88-56.70%), auto-aggregation (35.26-61.39%) and antibiotic susceptibility. Interestingly, L. gasseri P36Mops was resistant to five standard antibiotics routinely used against urogenital or vaginal infections. LCMS (Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) analyses of the CFS (cell-free supernatant) of the four potential probiotics revealed the presence of metabolites such as N-(1-deoxy-1-fructosyl)valine, hygroline, acetoxy-2-hydroxy-16-heptadecen-4-one, avocadyne 4-acetate, avocadyne 2-acetate, taraxinic acid glucosyl ester, 6-hydroxypentadecanedioic acid, with reported antimicrobial activity. The overall data suggest the bio-therapeutic potential of the identified vaginal probiotics against cervical cancer-associated pathogens.
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20
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Influence of Excipient Composition on Survival of Vaginal Lactobacilli in Electrospun Nanofibers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061155. [PMID: 35745728 PMCID: PMC9229553 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of appropriate delivery systems hinders the use of probiotics in the treatment of vaginal infections. Therefore, the development of a new delivery system for the local administration of vaginal probiotics is necessary. In this study, we selected three vaginal lactobacilli, i.e., Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lactobacillus jensenii, and incorporated them into nanofibers using electrospinning. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) was used as a carrier polymer to produce nanofibers. It was supplemented with alginate and sucrose selected from a group of carbohydrates for their growth-promoting effect on lactobacilli. The interaction between excipients and lactobacilli was evaluated thermally and spectroscopically. Bacterial survival in polymer solutions and in nanofibers immediately after electrospinning and after storage varied among species and was dependent on the formulation. Sucrose improved the survival in polymer solutions and preserved the viability of L. crispatus and L. jensenii immediately after electrospinning, and L. gasseri and L. jensenii during storage. Blending PEO with alginate did not improve species viability. However, the three lactobacilli in the nanofibers retained some viability after 56 days, indicating that composite multifunctional nanofibers can maintain the viability of vaginal lactobacilli and can be used as a potential solid delivery system for vaginal administration of probiotics.
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21
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Boahen A, Than LTL, Loke YL, Chew SY. The Antibiofilm Role of Biotics Family in Vaginal Fungal Infections. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:787119. [PMID: 35694318 PMCID: PMC9179178 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.787119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
“Unity in strength” is a notion that can be exploited to characterize biofilms as they bestow microbes with protection to live freely, escalate their virulence, confer high resistance to therapeutic agents, and provide active grounds for the production of biofilms after dispersal. Naturally, fungal biofilms are inherently resistant to many conventional antifungals, possibly owing to virulence factors as their ammunitions that persistently express amid planktonic transition to matured biofilm state. These ammunitions include the ability to form polymicrobial biofilms, emergence of persister cells post-antifungal treatment and acquisition of resistance genes. One of the major disorders affecting vaginal health is vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and its reoccurrence is termed recurrent VVC (RVVC). It is caused by the Candida species which include Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The aforementioned Candida species, notably C. albicans is a biofilm producing pathogen and habitually forms part of the vaginal microbiota of healthy women. Latest research has implicated the role of fungal biofilms in VVC, particularly in the setting of treatment failure and RVVC. Consequently, a plethora of studies have advocated the utilization of probiotics in addressing these infections. Specifically, the excreted or released compounds of probiotics which are also known as postbiotics are being actively researched with vast potential to be used as therapeutic options for the treatment and prevention of VVC and RVVC. These potential sources of postbiotics are harnessed due to their proven antifungal and antibiofilm. Hence, this review discusses the role of Candida biofilm formation in VVC and RVVC. In addition, we discuss the application of pro-, pre-, post-, and synbiotics either individually or in combined regimen to counteract the abovementioned problems. A clear understanding of the role of biofilms in VVC and RVVC will provide proper footing for further research in devising novel remedies for prevention and treatment of vaginal fungal infections.
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Pacha-Herrera D, Erazo-Garcia MP, Cueva DF, Orellana M, Borja-Serrano P, Arboleda C, Tejera E, Machado A. Clustering Analysis of the Multi-Microbial Consortium by Lactobacillus Species Against Vaginal Dysbiosis Among Ecuadorian Women. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:863208. [PMID: 35646732 PMCID: PMC9131875 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.863208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota plays vital protection in women. This probiotic activity is caused not only by individual Lactobacillus species but also by its multi-microbial interaction. However, the probiotic activity promoted by multi-microbial consortia is still unknown. The aim of this study was the individual and collective analysis on the prevalence of five vaginal lactobacilli (Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus jensenii, and Lactobacillus acidophilus) among healthy women and women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) or aerobic vaginitis (AV). PCR assays were realized on 436 vaginal samples from a previous study. Chi-square, univariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses with the Benjamini–Hochberg adjustment evaluated associations between these lactobacilli and vaginal microbiota. Multi-microbial clustering model was also realized through Ward’s Minimum Variance Clustering Method with Euclidean squared distance for hierarchical clustering to determine the probiotic relationship between lactobacilli and vaginal dysbiosis. Concerning the individual effect, L. acidophilus, L. jensenii, and L. crispatus showed the highest normalized importance values against vaginal dysbiosis (100%, 79.3%, and 74.8%, respectively). However, only L. acidophilus and L. jensenii exhibited statistical values (p = 0.035 and p = 0.050, respectively). L. acidophilus showed a significant prevalence on healthy microbiota against both dysbioses (BV, p = 0.041; and AV, p = 0.045). L. jensenii only demonstrated significant protection against AV (p = 0.012). Finally, our results evidenced a strong multi-microbial consortium by L. iners, L. jensenii, L. gasseri, and L. acidophilus against AV (p = 0.020) and BV (p = 0.009), lacking protection in the absence of L. gasseri and L. acidophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pacha-Herrera
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Maria P. Erazo-Garcia
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Darío F. Cueva
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Miguel Orellana
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Pamela Borja-Serrano
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Camila Arboleda
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Eduardo Tejera
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias, Grupo de Bioquimioinformática, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - António Machado
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Microbiología, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Quito, Ecuador
- *Correspondence: António Machado,
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Seif El Dahan K, Bejjani J, Nasrallah AA, Youssef L, Mladenovic A, Dosch L, Leone A, Jurjus A. Probiotics Properties: A Focus on Pregnancy Outcomes. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2022; 272:16-23. [PMID: 35278924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A healthy microbiome plays an important role in the prevention of illness and maintenance of overall health, including reproductive health. Although the therapeutic advantages of probiotics have been shown to run across multiple organ systems, their role in pregnancy is not well explored. The aim of this review is to highlight the potential advantages and adverse effects of probiotics in pregnancy. Data were collected from the literature over the past decade using PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Ovid, Scopus, and Science Direct. A total of 40 articles were utilized in this review. Collected data indicated that prenatal and post-natal supplementation with lactobacilli alone or lactobacilli with Bifidobacterium spp. seems to be protective. Probiotics may improve insulin resistance and consequently reduce the risk of gestational diabetes. Probiotics may also reduce anxiety and depression by influencing brain activity. Additionally, they interfere with vaginal flora to make it friendlier to beneficial bacteria, and enhance anti-inflammatory or reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines. They may also decrease eczema in breastfed infants and prevent allergic reactions by downregulating Th2 responses to specific allergens from mid to late gestation. Leveraging the cervicovaginal microbiota could promote a number of positive pregnancy-related health outcomes. Caution should be exercised in the selection, dosing, and monitoring of probiotics administration. More comprehensive randomized clinical trials are needed to reach a more meaningful evidence-based clinical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Bejjani
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Ali A Nasrallah
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Lara Youssef
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Balamand, Koura, Lebanon.
| | | | - Laura Dosch
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Angelo Leone
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Section of Histology and Embryology, University of Palermo, Italy.
| | - Abdo Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
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Hudson RE, Job KM, Sayre CL, Krepkova LV, Sherwin CM, Enioutina EY. Examination of Complementary Medicine for Treating Urinary Tract Infections Among Pregnant Women and Children. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:883216. [PMID: 35571128 PMCID: PMC9094615 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.883216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant clinical problem that pregnant women and children commonly experience. Escherichia coli is the primary causative organism, along with several other gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Antimicrobial drugs are commonly prescribed to treat UTIs in these patients. Conventional treatment can range from using broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs for empirical or prophylactic therapy or patient-tailored therapy based on urinary cultures and sensitivity to prospective antibiotics. The ongoing emergence of multi-drug resistant pathogens has raised concerns related to commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs such as those used routinely to treat UTIs. Consequently, several natural medicines have been explored as potential complementary therapies to improve health outcomes in patients with UTIs. This review discusses the effectiveness of commonly used natural products such as cranberry juice/extracts, ascorbic acid, hyaluronic acid, probiotics, and multi-component formulations intended to treat and prevent UTIs. The combination of natural products with prescribed antimicrobial treatments and use of formulations that contained high amounts of cranberry extracts appear to be most effective in preventing recurrent UTIs (RUTIs). The incorporation of natural products like cranberry, hyaluronic acid, ascorbic acid, probiotics, Canephron® N, and Cystenium II to conventional treatments of acute UTIs or as a prophylactic regimen for treatment RUTIs can benefit both pregnant women and children. Limited information is available on the safety of natural products in these patients' populations. However, based on limited historical information, these remedies appear to be safe and well-tolerated by patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Hudson
- Department of Pediatrics, Post-Doctoral Fellow, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Kathleen M. Job
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Assistant Professor, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Casey L. Sayre
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Assistant Professor, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT, United States
| | - Lubov V. Krepkova
- Head of Toxicology Department, Center of Medicine, All-Russian Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR), Moscow, Russia
| | - Catherine M. Sherwin
- Department of Pediatrics, Vice-Chair for Research, Professor, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine/Dayton Children’s Hospital, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Elena Y. Enioutina
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Assistant Professor, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Synergistic Effect of Combination of a Temoporfin-Based Photodynamic Therapy with Potassium Iodide or Antibacterial Agents on Oral Disease Pathogens In Vitro. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040488. [PMID: 35455485 PMCID: PMC9027005 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
5, 10, 15, 20-Tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (temoporfin) is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy for oral cancer and periodontal disease treatment. This study determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of temoporfin. Additionally, the combination of potassium iodide (KI) or antimicrobial agents in oral pathogens under hypoxic or normoxic conditions were determined. We also evaluated the biofilm removal effect and detected the expressions of the antibiotic resistance-related genes and biofilm formation-related genes of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The results provided reveal that the combination of the temoporfin and KI had a synergistic effect of reducing the MICs and MBCs of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus paracasei under normoxic and hypoxic conditions due to increasing H2O2 production. Temoporfin increased the biofilm removal of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus under normoxic condition, and it reduced the antibiotic resistance-related genes expression of MRSA. The combination of temoporfin with ampicillin or chlorhexidine significantly enhanced the bactericidal effect on MRSA. This study provides a potential application of temoporfin on the clinical side against oral pathogens and the prevention of oral diseases.
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26
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Metagenomic analysis of bacterial communities during estrous cycle in Bos indicus. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:118. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Dibo M, Ventimiglia MS, Valeff N, Serradell MDLÁ, Jensen F. An overview of the role of probiotics in pregnancy-associated pathologies with a special focus on preterm birth. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 150:103493. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Oeschger T, Kret L, Erickson D. Lateral flow assay for detection and recovery of live cell Neisseria gonorrhoeae. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Honarmandpour A, Fatahinia M, Masoud Keshavarzzade A, Namjoyan F, Maraghi E, Kamali H. The effects of Ziziphus Spina leaves’ Hydro-Alcoholic Extract Vaginal Cream and Clotrimazole on Candida albicans in Wistar Rats. CLINICAL PATHOLOGY 2022; 15:2632010X221138664. [PMID: 36438542 PMCID: PMC9685217 DOI: 10.1177/2632010x221138664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: In vitro, Ziziphus Spina-Christi (ZSC) leaves have been shown to have
antimicrobial and antifungal effects. This study aimed to
examine the effects of Ziziphus Spina leaves hydro-alcoholic extracts with
Clotrimazole against Candida albicans in female rats. Methods: Four groups of rats were infected vaginally with C.
Albicans, and 1 group not infected was considered negative control. The
infected groups received the following treatments: 2 groups were treated
with vaginal 5%, or 10%, of Ziziphus Spina extract creams. One group
received 1% clotrimazole, and 1 group did not receive any treatment
considered a positive control. Results: The mean number of colony-forming units (CFUs) before the intervention was
195.83 ± 395.126 in the 5% ZSC group, 346.33 ± 396.719 in the 10% ZSC group,
345.17 ± 507.431 in the clotrimazole group, 212.20 ± 148.304 in the positive
control group (P = .604), and 0 in the negative control
group (P = .003). After 1 week, the average number of CFUs
considerably dropped to 65.14 ± 36.03 in the 5% ZSC group, 1.43 ± 3.60 in
the 10% ZSC group, and 0.43 ± 1.13 in the clotrimazole group. The number in
the positive control group remained unchanged (212.20 ± 148.304)
(P = .005). After 2 weeks, the average number of CFUs
was 0 in the 10% ZSC group, Clotrimazole and negative control groups and was
4.57 ± 23.99 in the 5% ZSC group (P < .001). Conclusions: Our findings indicated that the effectiveness of Vaginal creams containing
10% Ziziphus Spina is similar to Clotrimazole in eliminating
C. Albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Honarmandpour
- Department of Midwifery, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Fatahinia
- Department of Medical Mycology, Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Forogh Namjoyan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Marine natural Pharmaceutical Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Maraghi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Faculty of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Kamali
- MSc of Anatomy, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran
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Engineering of Vaginal Lactobacilli to Express Fluorescent Proteins Enables the Analysis of Their Mixture in Nanofibers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413631. [PMID: 34948426 PMCID: PMC8708671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli are a promising natural tool against vaginal dysbiosis and infections. However, new local delivery systems and additional knowledge about their distribution and mechanism of action would contribute to the development of effective medicine. This will be facilitated by the introduction of the techniques for effective, inexpensive, and real-time tracking of these probiotics following their release. Here, we engineered three model vaginal lactobacilli (Lactobacillus crispatus ATCC 33820, Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323, and Lactobacillus jensenii ATCC 25258) and a control Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 to express fluorescent proteins with different spectral properties, including infrared fluorescent protein (IRFP), green fluorescent protein (GFP), red fluorescent protein (mCherry), and blue fluorescent protein (mTagBFP2). The expression of these fluorescent proteins differed between the Lactobacillus species and enabled quantification and discrimination between lactobacilli, with the longer wavelength fluorescent proteins showing superior resolving power. Each Lactobacillus strain was labeled with an individual fluorescent protein and incorporated into poly (ethylene oxide) nanofibers using electrospinning, as confirmed by fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. The lactobacilli retained their fluorescence in nanofibers, as well as after nanofiber dissolution. To summarize, vaginal lactobacilli were incorporated into electrospun nanofibers to provide a potential solid vaginal delivery system, and the fluorescent proteins were introduced to distinguish between them and allow their tracking in the future probiotic-delivery studies.
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Ladaycia A, Passirani C, Lepeltier E. Microbiota and nanoparticles: Description and interactions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 169:220-240. [PMID: 34736984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The healthy human body is inhabited with a large number of bacteria, forming natural flora. It is even estimated that for a human body, its amount of DNA is less important that its bacterial genetic material. This flora plays major roles in the sickness and health of the human body and any change in its composition may lead to different diseases. Nanoparticles are widely used in numerous fields: cosmetics, food, industry, and as drug delivery carrier in the medical field. Being included in these various applications, nanoparticles may interact with the human body at various levels and with different mechanisms. These interactions differ depending on the nanoparticle nature, its structure, its concentration and manifest in different ways on the microbiota, leading to its destabilization, its restoring or showing no toxic effect. Nanoparticles may also be used as a vehicle to regulate the microbiota or to treat some of its diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Ladaycia
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021, Angers, France
| | - Catherine Passirani
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021, Angers, France
| | - Elise Lepeltier
- Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles, MINT, UNIV Angers, UMR INSERM 1066, UMR CNRS 6021, Angers, France.
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Colares HC, Guimarães GM, Couto CAP, Gil PO, Santos SLEN, Silva TNL, de Carvalho ILQ, da Fonseca FG, Gagnon M, Roy D, de Magalhães JT, Gonçalves DB, Granjeiro PA. Optimization of bioprocess of Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis Ca12 and its viability in frozen Brazilian berries (Açai, Euterpe oleracea Mart.). Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:2271-2285. [PMID: 34510398 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amazonian palm berries (açaí, Euterpe oleracea Mart.) are fruits with high nutritional value and antioxidant activity and have aroused the interest of consumers, popularizing fruit pulps enriched with probiotics. Amazonian palm berries (açaí, Euterpe oleracea Mart.) are fruits with high nutritional potential, providing a source of carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals. Furthermore, açai provides several health benefits, including antioxidant activity. Nutritionally enhanced foods have aroused the interest of consumers, popularizing fruit pulps enriched with probiotics. Probiotics are dietary supplements consisting of live, beneficial microorganisms in the host which improve the intestinal microbiota. The objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and characterize the probiotic potential of an isolated Schleiferilactobacillus harbinensis strain (dubbed Ca12) and provide an optimized bioprocess for its production, using the complete factorial and central rotational compound design to supplement the frozen açai pulp. The isolated strain S. harbinensis Ca12 presented adequate resistance to gastric juice and bile salts, microbial activity against different Candida strains, self-aggregation and coaggregation properties, high adhesion in HT-29 cells, and 35% inhibition of Salmonella in HT-29 cells. When optimized, the cellular biomass production of the S. harbinensis Ca12 strain was approximately 600% higher than the unsupplemented whey, with a production of 3.6 × 1010 CFU mL-1. The S. harbinensis Ca12 strain's viability in the creamy and traditional frozen açai pulp was shown to be stable for up to 6 months at 20 °C. The impact of this study involved for the first time the S. harbinensis Ca12 described in the Brazilian cocoa pulp with activity against Candida albicans of clinical importance, creating the potential of a new functional food with important benefits to human health as prevention for candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloísa Carneiro Colares
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Moreira Guimarães
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio CarlosBelo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Carolina Alves Petit Couto
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Oliveira Gil
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | | | - Tuânia Natacha Lopes Silva
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Guimarães da Fonseca
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio CarlosBelo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, 6627, Brazil
| | - Mérilie Gagnon
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, 2440 Boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Juliana Teixeira de Magalhães
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Daniel Bonoto Gonçalves
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Granjeiro
- Campus Centro Oeste, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Rua Sebastião Gonçalves Filho, n 400, Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil.
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The Effect of Probiotics on Various Diseases and their Therapeutic Role: An Update Review. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.15.3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria play a critical and functional role in clinical and nutritional applications. In the present study, the ability of various probiotics and their metabolites in the prevention and treatment of different diseases, infections and disorders was reviewed. The issues that were noticed are included: Fibrocystic, diabetes, acne, colon cancer, cardiovascular, urinary tract infections, atopic eczema syndrome, food allergies and obesity. Enhancement in using drug treatment has led to the appearance of drug-resistance concern, thus probiotics can be a suitable choice. This review focuses on the effect of probiotic bacteria and their metabolites on immune-boosting, prevention and treatment of these diseases. For this purpose, after a short glance at each disease, infection and disorder, the mechanism of probiotic action and recent studies about that disease are reviewed. It could be recommended that probiotics consumption, perhaps from birth to all stages of life, would be effective in the life-long, development of health effects and disease treatments.
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34
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Vaginal microbiome: normalcy vs dysbiosis. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:3793-3802. [PMID: 34120200 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02414-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
It has been long understood that the vaginal microflora is crucial in maintaining a normal physiological environment for the host and its involvement is deemed indispensable for reproductive success. A global concept of normalcy vs. dysbiosis of vaginal microbiome is debatable as women of different races have a unique vaginal microflora with regional variations. Vaginal microflora is a dynamic microenvironment affected by gestational status, menstrual cycle, sexual activity, age, and contraceptive use. Normal vaginal flora is dominated by lactobacilli especially in women of European descent vs. African American women. These microbes confer the host vagina protection from potentially pathogenic microbes that may lead to urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases. Changes in the vaginal microbiota including reduced lactobacilli abundance and increased facultative and anaerobic organism populations result in bacterial vaginosis, that predisposes the host to several conditions like low birth weight and increased risk of contracting bacterial infections. On the other hand, the vaginal microbiome is also reshaped during pregnancy, with less microbial diversity with a dominance of Lactobacillus species. However, an altered vaginal microbiota with low lactobacilli abundance especially during pregnancy may result in induction of excessive inflammation and pre-term labor. Since the vaginal microbiome plays an important role during embryo implantation, it is not surprising that bacterial vaginosis is more common in infertile women and associated with reduced rates of conception. Probiotic has great success in treating bacterial vaginosis and restoring the normal microbiome in recent. This report, reviewed the relationships between the vaginal microbiome and women's reproductive health.
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Minić I, Pejčić A, Bradić-Vasić M. Effect of the local probiotics in the therapy of periodontitis A randomized prospective study. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:401-407. [PMID: 33964104 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of local probiotics in the therapy of periodontitis is reflected in their ability to antagonize periodontopathogens and modulates the immune response of the host to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of local probiotics in the treatment of periodontitis as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planning (SRP). METHODS The study involved 80 patients diagnosed with periodontitis. All participants underwent SRP therapy. Semi-solid probiotic was then locally applied to the periodontal pocket in randomly selected patients for the test group (40 of them). The other 40 patients were in the control group. Clinical parameters including periodontal pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PI) were measured at baseline, and at 7 and 30 days after treatment. RESULTS Seven days after the applied therapy in the test and control group, there was a significant decrease in the values or BOP (p < .001), while the values of other parameters did not show a statistically significant difference (p < .05). One month after the therapy in both groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the values of all clinical parameters (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this pilot study, it can be said that, during periodontal treatment, topical application of probiotics in combination with SRP increases the effectiveness of conventional non-surgical therapy of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Minić
- Department of Periodontology and Oral medicine, Medical faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Ana Pejčić
- Department of Periodontology and Oral medicine, Medical faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
| | - Marija Bradić-Vasić
- Department of Periodontology and Oral medicine, Medical faculty, University of Nis, Nis, Serbia
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Ladaycia A, Loretz B, Passirani C, Lehr CM, Lepeltier E. Microbiota and cancer: In vitro and in vivo models to evaluate nanomedicines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 170:44-70. [PMID: 33388279 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine implication in cancer treatment and diagnosis studies witness huge attention, especially with the promising results obtained in preclinical studies. Despite this, only few nanomedicines succeeded to pass clinical phase. The human microbiota plays obvious roles in cancer development. Nanoparticles have been successfully used to modulate human microbiota and notably tumor associated microbiota. Taking the microbiota involvement under consideration when testing nanomedicines for cancer treatment might be a way to improve the poor translation from preclinical to clinical trials. Co-culture models of bacteria and cancer cells, as well as animal cancer-microbiota models offer a better representation for the tumor microenvironment and so potentially better platforms to test nanomedicine efficacy in cancer treatment. These models would allow closer representation of human cancer and might smoothen the passage from preclinical to clinical cancer studies for nanomedicine efficacy.
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Coscia A, Bardanzellu F, Caboni E, Fanos V, Peroni DG. When a Neonate Is Born, So Is a Microbiota. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020148. [PMID: 33669262 PMCID: PMC7920069 DOI: 10.3390/life11020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the role of human microbiota as a short- and long-term health promoter and modulator has been affirmed and progressively strengthened. In the course of one’s life, each subject is colonized by a great number of bacteria, which constitute its specific and individual microbiota. Human bacterial colonization starts during fetal life, in opposition to the previous paradigm of the “sterile womb”. Placenta, amniotic fluid, cord blood and fetal tissues each have their own specific microbiota, influenced by maternal health and habits and having a decisive influence on pregnancy outcome and offspring outcome. The maternal microbiota, especially that colonizing the genital system, starts to influence the outcome of pregnancy already before conception, modulating fertility and the success rate of fertilization, even in the case of assisted reproduction techniques. During the perinatal period, neonatal microbiota seems influenced by delivery mode, drug administration and many other conditions. Special attention must be reserved for early neonatal nutrition, because breastfeeding allows the transmission of a specific and unique lactobiome able to modulate and positively affect the neonatal gut microbiota. Our narrative review aims to investigate the currently identified pre- and peri-natal factors influencing neonatal microbiota, before conception, during pregnancy, pre- and post-delivery, since the early microbiota influences the whole life of each subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Coscia
- Neonatology Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Turin, Italy;
| | - Flaminia Bardanzellu
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4,500, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.C.); (V.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Elisa Caboni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4,500, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.C.); (V.F.)
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU and University of Cagliari, SS 554 km 4,500, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (E.C.); (V.F.)
| | - Diego Giampietro Peroni
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 55, 56126 Pisa PI, Italy;
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Cunningham M, Azcarate-Peril MA, Barnard A, Benoit V, Grimaldi R, Guyonnet D, Holscher HD, Hunter K, Manurung S, Obis D, Petrova MI, Steinert RE, Swanson KS, van Sinderen D, Vulevic J, Gibson GR. Shaping the Future of Probiotics and Prebiotics. Trends Microbiol 2021; 29:667-685. [PMID: 33551269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent and ongoing developments in microbiome science are enabling new frontiers of research for probiotics and prebiotics. Novel types, mechanisms, and applications currently under study have the potential to change scientific understanding as well as nutritional and healthcare applications of these interventions. The expansion of related fields of microbiome-targeted interventions, and an evolving landscape for implementation across regulatory, policy, prescriber, and consumer spheres, portends an era of significant change. In this review we examine recent, emerging, and anticipated trends in probiotic and prebiotic science, and create a vision for broad areas of developing influence in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla Cunningham
- Department of Science and Innovation, Metagenics, PO Box 675, Virginia BC, QLD, 4014, Australia.
| | - M Andrea Azcarate-Peril
- UNC Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, Microbiome Core Facility, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Valerie Benoit
- Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Denis Guyonnet
- Diana Nova, Symrise Nutrition, Clichy-la-Garenne, France
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kirsty Hunter
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, UK
| | - Sarmauli Manurung
- Emerging Sciences Research, Reckitt Benckiser, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David Obis
- Danone Nutricia Research, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | | | - Robert E Steinert
- R&D Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kelly S Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- Microbiology BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jelena Vulevic
- veMico Ltd, Reading, UK; Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Glenn R Gibson
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Haubold B, Klötzl F, Hellberg L, Thompson D, Cavalar M. Fur: Find Unique Genomic Regions for Diagnostic PCR. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:2081-2087. [PMID: 33515232 PMCID: PMC8352509 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Unique marker sequences are highly sought after in molecular diagnostics. Nevertheless, there are only few programs available to search for marker sequences, compared to the many programs for similarity search. We therefore wrote the program Fur for Finding Unique genomic Regions. Results Fur takes as input a sample of target sequences and a sample of closely related neighbors. It returns the regions present in all targets and absent from all neighbors. The recently published program genmap can also be used for this purpose and we compared it to fur. When analyzing a sample of 33 genomes representing the major phylogroups of E.coli, fur was 40 times faster than genmap but used three times more memory. On the other hand, genmap yielded three times more markers, but they were less accurate when tested in silico on a sample of 237 E.coli genomes. We also designed phylogroup-specific PCR primers based on the markers proposed by genmap and fur, and tested them by analyzing their virtual amplicons in GenBank. Finally, we used fur to design primers specific to a Lactobacillus species, and found excellent sensitivity and specificity in vitro. Availability and implementation Fur sources and documentation are available from https://github.com/evolbioinf/fur. The compiled software is posted as a docker container at https://hub.docker.com/r/haubold/fox. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Haubold
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Pl öon, Germany
| | - Fabian Klötzl
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Pl öon, Germany
| | - Lars Hellberg
- Molecular Infection Diagnostics, Euroimmun Medizinische Labordiagnostika, Lüubeck, Germany
| | - Daniel Thompson
- Molecular Infection Diagnostics, Euroimmun Medizinische Labordiagnostika, Lüubeck, Germany
| | - Markus Cavalar
- Molecular Infection Diagnostics, Euroimmun Medizinische Labordiagnostika, Lüubeck, Germany
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Hernández-Quiroz F, Murugesan S, Velazquez-Martínez C, Villalobos-Flores LE, Maya-Lucas O, Piña-Escobedo A, García-González I, Ocadiz-Delgado R, Lambert PF, Gariglio P, García-Mena J. The vaginal and fecal microbiota of a murine cervical carcinoma model under synergistic effect of 17β-Estradiol and E7 oncogene expression. Microb Pathog 2021; 152:104763. [PMID: 33529736 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is an important health issue worldwide. Many factors are related to this condition as the persistence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (e.g. type 16 and 18), the use of hormonal contraceptives for long periods of time, pH changes and bacterial vaginosis. The association between the microbiota and cervical human cancer is an interesting issue to be explored; given that environmental and hormonal factors may change the vaginal microbiota contributing to this condition. Our hypothesis was that changes in the microbiota diversity is associated with the development of cervical cancer. We evaluated the microbiota diversity in vaginal lavages and fecal samples at different stages of cervical cancer development in a mice model (K14HPV16E7) with type 16 E7 oncogene expression (E7), under continuous or not continuous stimulus of 17β-estradiol (E2) and compared it with a non-transgenic isogenic control (FVB) under same conditions. Our results indicate that continuous E2 administration during 6 months in the model with type 16 E7 expression causing development of cancer, is associated with significant changes in the microbiota diversity of the cervicovaginal lavages. Similar results were not observed in the same model when no E2 was administered to the mice. The FVB mice with no E7 expression which do not develop cervical cancer, did not show comparable changes in the microbiota diversity when E2 was administered during the same period. Normal evolution of the cervical epithelium and microbiota diversity were observed for the FVB mice with no E2 administration. Large changes in the microbiota diversity in fecal samples were not observed suggesting a specific organ effect of E7 expression associated to E2 on the vaginal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Hernández-Quiroz
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Selvasankar Murugesan
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Cristina Velazquez-Martínez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Loan Edel Villalobos-Flores
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Otoniel Maya-Lucas
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Alberto Piña-Escobedo
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Igrid García-González
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Rodolfo Ocadiz-Delgado
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Paul F Lambert
- McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Patricio Gariglio
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av IPN 2508 Col Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, Mexico.
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A clinical pilot study on the effect of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus TOM 22.8 strain in women with vaginal dysbiosis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2592. [PMID: 33510271 PMCID: PMC7843994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli with probiotic features play an essential role in maintaining a balanced vaginal microbiota and their administration has been suggested for the treatment and prevention of vaginal dysbiosis. The present study was aimed to in vitro and in vivo investigate the probiotic potential of the Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus TOM 22.8 strain, isolated from the vaginal ecosystem of a healthy woman. For this purpose, safety and functional properties were in depth evaluated. The strain exhibited a broad spectrum of antagonistic activity against vaginal pathogens; adhesion capacity to both the vaginal VK2/E6E7 and the intestinal Caco-2 cells; anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, suggesting its promising probiotic features. In addition, an in vivo pilot-study was planned. Based on both clinical and microbiological parameters, the oral or vaginal strain administration, determined a significant pathogens reduction after 10 days of administration and a maintenance of eubiosis up to 30 days after the end of the treatment. Therefore, the L. rhamnosus TOM 22.8 strain can be proposed as valuable oral and/or vaginal treatment for vaginal dysbiosis.
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Kelly VW, Liang BK, Sirk SJ. Living Therapeutics: The Next Frontier of Precision Medicine. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:3184-3201. [PMID: 33205966 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Modern medicine has long studied the mechanism and impact of pathogenic microbes on human hosts, but has only recently shifted attention toward the complex and vital roles that commensal and probiotic microbes play in both health and dysbiosis. Fueled by an enhanced appreciation of the human-microbe holobiont, the past decade has yielded countless insights and established many new avenues of investigation in this area. In this review, we discuss advances, limitations, and emerging frontiers for microbes as agents of health maintenance, disease prevention, and cure. We highlight the flexibility of microbial therapeutics across disease states, with special consideration for the rational engineering of microbes toward precision medicine outcomes. As the field advances, we anticipate that tools of synthetic biology will be increasingly employed to engineer functional living therapeutics with the potential to address longstanding limitations of traditional drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vince W. Kelly
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Benjamin K. Liang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Shannon J. Sirk
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Nallanchakravarthula S, Amruta N, Ramamurthy C. Cancer Microbiome; Opportunities and Challenges. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 21:215-229. [PMID: 32819239 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320999200818134942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbe-host association has emerged as a modulator in modern medicine. Cancer and its associated host microbes are collectively referred to as the cancer microbiome. The cancer microbiome is complex, and many aspects remain unclear including metabolic plasticity, microenvironment remodeling, cellular communications, and unique signatures within the host, all of which have a vital role in homeostasis and pathogenesis of host physiology. However, the role of the microbiome in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy is still poorly understood and remains to be explored. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to elucidate the role of the microbiome in cancer metabolism and the tumor microenvironment. It also focuses on the importance of therapeutic opportunities and challenges in the manipulation of the cancer microbiome. METHODS A literature search was conducted on the role of the microbiome in cancer initiation, progression, and therapy. CONCLUSION The tumor microenvironment and cancer metabolism are significant in host-microbiome interactions. The microbiome can modulate standard cancer therapies like chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Microbiome transplantation has also been demonstrated as an effective therapy against cancer. Furthermore, the modulation of the microbiome also has potential clinical outcomes in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Narayanappa Amruta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Chitteti Ramamurthy
- C.G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, UkaTarsadia University, Maliba campus, Bardoli Surat (Dist), Gujarat, India
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Decherf A, Dehay E, Boyer M, Clément-Ziza M, Rodriguez B, Legrain-Raspaud S. Recovery of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 in Vaginal Samples of Healthy Women after Oral Administration. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2211. [PMID: 32722250 PMCID: PMC7468903 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis are common causes of impaired health and quality of life for women. Although antimicrobial agents remain the main strategy for the treatment of vaginal infections, their repeated use involves high rates of resistance and recurrence. Alternative approaches such as probiotics are studied. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 already demonstrated beneficial effects in experimental models of vaginal infections. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study was performed to evaluate the recovery of S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 in vaginal samples in healthy women after oral consumption. Sixty healthy women were randomized to receive a daily dose of S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 or a placebo for 4 weeks. Subcultures and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to detect the strain in vaginal and stool samples. A safety assessment was carried out throughout the study. Fifty-seven women completed the study. Over the 4-week supplementation phase, S. cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 has been detected in the vaginal samples of 21% of women (n = 4/19) in the 500 mg Probiotic group and 16% of women (n = 3/19) in the 1000 mg Probiotic group. The strain was detected in the faeces of 90% of women consuming the probiotic. This is the first clinical study demonstrating the migration of yeast from intestine to vagina where it may exert its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelie Decherf
- Research and Applications Department, Gnosis by Lesaffre, Lesaffre Group, 59700 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France; (E.D.); (B.R.); (S.L.-R.)
| | - Elodie Dehay
- Research and Applications Department, Gnosis by Lesaffre, Lesaffre Group, 59700 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France; (E.D.); (B.R.); (S.L.-R.)
| | - Mickaël Boyer
- Microbiology Laboratory, Research and Development Department, Lesaffre International, Lesaffre Group, 59700 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France;
| | - Mathieu Clément-Ziza
- Data Science and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Research and Development Department, Lesaffre International, Lesaffre Group, 59700 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France;
| | - Bertrand Rodriguez
- Research and Applications Department, Gnosis by Lesaffre, Lesaffre Group, 59700 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France; (E.D.); (B.R.); (S.L.-R.)
| | - Sophie Legrain-Raspaud
- Research and Applications Department, Gnosis by Lesaffre, Lesaffre Group, 59700 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France; (E.D.); (B.R.); (S.L.-R.)
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Serrano M, Climent E, Freire F, Martínez-Blanch JF, González C, Reyes L, Solaz-Fuster MC, Calvo JH, Jiménez MÁ, Codoñer FM. Influence of the Ovine Genital Tract Microbiota on the Species Artificial Insemination Outcome. A Pilot Study in Commercial Sheep Farms. High Throughput 2020; 9:E16. [PMID: 32640606 PMCID: PMC7576495 DOI: 10.3390/ht9030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, there is a lack of research into the vaginal and sperm microbiome and its bearing on artificial insemination (AI) success in the ovine species. Using hypervariable regions V3-V4 of the 16S rRNA, we describe, for the first time, the combined effect of the ovine microbiome of both females (50 ewes belonging to five herds) and males (five AI rams from an AI center) on AI outcome. Differences in microbiota abundance between pregnant and non-pregnant ewes and between ewes carrying progesterone-releasing intravaginal devices (PRID) with or without antibiotic were tested at different taxonomic levels. The antibiotic treatment applied with the PRID only altered Streptobacillus genus abundance, which was significantly lower in ewes carrying PRID with antibiotic. Mageebacillus, Histophilus, Actinobacilllus and Sneathia genera were significantly less abundant in pregnant ewes. In addition, these genera were more abundant in two farms with higher AI failure. Species of these genera such as Actinobacillus seminis and Histophilus somni have been associated with reproductive disorders in the ovine species. These genera were not present in the sperm samples of AI rams, but were found in the foreskin samples of rams belonging to herd 2 (with high AI failure rate) indicating that their presence in ewes' vagina could be due to prior transmission by natural mating with rams reared in the herd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Serrano
- Department of Animal Genetic Improvement, National Institute of Agrarian Technology and Food—INIA, Ctra. de la Coruña, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.G.); (M.Á.J.)
| | - Eric Climent
- ADM Lifesequencing, University of Valencia Science Park, Carrer del Catedrático A. Escardino Benlloch 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (E.C.); (J.F.M.-B.); (M.C.S.-F.)
| | - Fernando Freire
- OVIGEN, Granja Florencia S/N, Ctra. Villalazán-Peleagonzalo, 49800 Zamora, Spain; (F.F.); (L.R.)
| | - Juan F. Martínez-Blanch
- ADM Lifesequencing, University of Valencia Science Park, Carrer del Catedrático A. Escardino Benlloch 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (E.C.); (J.F.M.-B.); (M.C.S.-F.)
| | - Carmen González
- Department of Animal Genetic Improvement, National Institute of Agrarian Technology and Food—INIA, Ctra. de la Coruña, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.G.); (M.Á.J.)
| | - Luis Reyes
- OVIGEN, Granja Florencia S/N, Ctra. Villalazán-Peleagonzalo, 49800 Zamora, Spain; (F.F.); (L.R.)
| | - M. Carmen Solaz-Fuster
- ADM Lifesequencing, University of Valencia Science Park, Carrer del Catedrático A. Escardino Benlloch 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (E.C.); (J.F.M.-B.); (M.C.S.-F.)
| | - Jorge H. Calvo
- Animal Production Technology Unit—CITA, 59059 Zaragoza, Spain; Aragonese Agency Foundation for Research and Development—ARAID, 50004 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - M. Ángeles Jiménez
- Department of Animal Genetic Improvement, National Institute of Agrarian Technology and Food—INIA, Ctra. de la Coruña, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (C.G.); (M.Á.J.)
| | - Francisco M. Codoñer
- ADM Lifesequencing, University of Valencia Science Park, Carrer del Catedrático A. Escardino Benlloch 9, 46980 Paterna, Spain; (E.C.); (J.F.M.-B.); (M.C.S.-F.)
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46
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Loubet P, Ranfaing J, Dinh A, Dunyach-Remy C, Bernard L, Bruyère F, Lavigne JP, Sotto A. Alternative Therapeutic Options to Antibiotics for the Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1509. [PMID: 32719668 PMCID: PMC7350282 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) mainly caused by Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), are common bacterial infections. Many individuals suffer from chronically recurring UTIs, sometimes requiring long-term prophylactic antibiotic regimens. The global emergence of multi-drug resistant uropathogens in the last decade underlines the need for alternative non-antibiotic therapeutic and preventative strategies against UTIs. The research on non-antibiotic therapeutic options in UTIs has focused on the following phases of the pathogenesis: colonization, adherence of pathogens to uroepithelial cell receptors and invasion. In this review, we discuss vaccines, small compounds, nutraceuticals, immunomodulating agents, probiotics and bacteriophages, highlighting the challenges each of these approaches face. Most of these treatments show interesting but only preliminary results. Lactobacillus-containing products and cranberry products in conjunction with propolis have shown the most robust results to date and appear to be the most promising new alternative to currently used antibiotics. Larger efficacy clinical trials as well as studies on the interplay between non-antibiotic therapies, uropathogens and the host immune system are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Loubet
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Jérémy Ranfaing
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Aurélien Dinh
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses, AP-HP Raymond-Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - Catherine Dunyach-Remy
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Louis Bernard
- PRES Centre Val de Loire, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France.,Service des Maladies Infectieuses, CHU Tours, Tours, France
| | - Franck Bruyère
- PRES Centre Val de Loire, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France.,Service d'Urologie, CHU Tours, Tours, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Albert Sotto
- VBMI, INSERM U1047, Université de Montpellier, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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47
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Johnson D, Letchumanan V, Thurairajasingam S, Lee LH. A Revolutionizing Approach to Autism Spectrum Disorder Using the Microbiome. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1983. [PMID: 32635373 PMCID: PMC7400420 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of human microbiota and health has emerged as one of the ubiquitous research pursuits in recent decades which certainly warrants the attention of both researchers and clinicians. Many health conditions have been linked to the gut microbiota which is the largest reservoir of microbes in the human body. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the neurodevelopmental disorders which has been extensively explored in relation to gut microbiome. The utilization of microbial knowledge promises a more integrative perspective in understanding this disorder, albeit being an emerging field in research. More interestingly, oral and vaginal microbiomes, indicating possible maternal influence, have equally drawn the attention of researchers to study their potential roles in the etiopathology of ASD. Therefore, this review attempts to integrate the knowledge of microbiome and its significance in relation to ASD including the hypothetical aetiology of ASD and its commonly associated comorbidities. The microbiota-based interventions including diet, prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, and faecal microbial transplant (FMT) have also been explored in relation to ASD. Of these, diet and probiotics are seemingly promising breakthrough interventions in the context of ASD for lesser known side effects, feasibility and easier administration, although more studies are needed to ascertain the actual clinical efficacy of these interventions. The existing knowledge and research gaps call for a more expanded and resolute research efforts in establishing the relationship between autism and microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinyadarshini Johnson
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (D.J.); (V.L.)
| | - Vengadesh Letchumanan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (D.J.); (V.L.)
| | - Sivakumar Thurairajasingam
- Clinical School Johor Bahru, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Johor Bahru 80100, Malaysia;
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group (NBDD), Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength (MBRS), Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (D.J.); (V.L.)
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48
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Dekaboruah E, Suryavanshi MV, Chettri D, Verma AK. Human microbiome: an academic update on human body site specific surveillance and its possible role. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:2147-2167. [PMID: 32524177 PMCID: PMC7284171 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01931-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human body is inhabited by vast number of microorganisms which form a complex ecological community and influence the human physiology, in the aspect of both health and diseases. These microbes show a relationship with the human immune system based on coevolution and, therefore, have a tremendous potential to contribute to the metabolic function, protection against the pathogen and in providing nutrients and energy. However, of these microbes, many carry out some functions that play a crucial role in the host physiology and may even cause diseases. The introduction of new molecular technologies such as transcriptomics, metagenomics and metabolomics has contributed to the upliftment on the findings of the microbiome linked to the humans in the recent past. These rapidly developing technologies are boosting our capacity to understand about the human body-associated microbiome and its association with the human health. The highlights of this review are inclusion of how to derive microbiome data and the interaction between human and associated microbiome to provide an insight on the role played by the microbiome in biological processes of the human body as well as the development of major human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elakshi Dekaboruah
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737102, India
| | | | - Dixita Chettri
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737102, India
| | - Anil Kumar Verma
- Department of Microbiology, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737102, India.
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49
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Lin WC, Ptak CP, Chang CY, Ian MK, Chia MY, Chen TH, Kuo CJ. Autochthonous Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Dairy Cow Feces Exhibiting Promising Probiotic Properties and in vitro Antibacterial Activity Against Foodborne Pathogens in Cattle. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:239. [PMID: 32500086 PMCID: PMC7243249 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine enteric bacterial pathogens are a major cause of health decline in agricultural cattle populations. The identification of host-derived microbiota with probiotic characteristics is key for the development of treatments utilizing pathogen displacement and recolonization by commensal flora. In this study, intestinal microbiota in fecal samples from four Holstein dairy cows were analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene next-generation sequencing, leading to the identification of three Lactobacillus isolates (Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus salivarius). By taking advantage of the preferential growth in acidified culture media, bacterial characteristics examination, and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of 16S rRNA genes, the three lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were successfully isolated. The three LAB isolates possess the prerequisite growth tolerances for probiotic functionality, as well as exhibit effective antimicrobial potency against enteric bacterial pathogens of cattle, including Escherichia coli O157:H7, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and Salmonella species (Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella Dublin). Moreover, the LAB isolates showed significant adhesion to cattle intestine, implying greater survivability potential due to their species specificity when administered in the same host species. The LAB isolates were sensitive to most antibiotics with notable resistances of L. gasseri to streptomycin and L. salivarius to kanamycin. Genes attributed to specific antibiotic resistances demonstrated a low risk of lateral transfer in a conjugation study. Our in vitro results demonstrate the promising probiotic characteristics of these newly identified Lactobacillus strains and their considerable potential to serve as probiotics feed supplements for cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chin Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Preventive Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Christopher P Ptak
- NMR Facility, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Chi-Yu Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Man-Kei Ian
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yuan Chia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ter-Hsin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Kuo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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50
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Welch JL, Xiang J, Okeoma CM, Schlievert PM, Stapleton JT. Glycerol Monolaurate, an Analogue to a Factor Secreted by Lactobacillus, Is Virucidal against Enveloped Viruses, Including HIV-1. mBio 2020; 11:e00686-20. [PMID: 32371599 PMCID: PMC7201201 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00686-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota influences sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Colonization of the vaginal tract is normally dominated by Lactobacillus species. Both Lactobacillus and Enterococcus faecalis may secrete reutericyclin, which inhibits the growth of a variety of pathogenic bacteria. Increasing evidence suggests a potential therapeutic role for an analogue of reutericyclin, glycerol monolaurate (GML), against microbial pathogens. Previous studies using a macaque vaginal simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) transmission model demonstrated that GML reduces transmission and alters immune responses to infection in vitro Previous studies showed that structural analogues of GML negatively impact other enveloped viruses. We sought to expand understanding of how GML inhibits HIV-1 and other enveloped viruses and show that GML restricts HIV-1 entry post-CD4 engagement at the step of coreceptor binding. Further, HIV-1 and yellow fever virus (YFV) particles were more sensitive to GML interference than particles "matured" by proteolytic processing. We show that high-pressure-liquid-chromatography (HPLC)-purified reutericyclin and reutericyclin secreted by Lactobacillus inhibit HIV-1. These data emphasize the importance and protective nature of the normal vaginal flora during viral infections and provide insights into the antiviral mechanism of GML during HIV-1 infection and, more broadly, to other enveloped viruses.IMPORTANCE A total of 340 million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are acquired each year. Antimicrobial agents that target multiple infectious pathogens are ideal candidates to reduce the number of newly acquired STIs. The antimicrobial and immunoregulatory properties of GML make it an excellent candidate to fit this critical need. Previous studies established the safety profile and antibacterial activity of GML against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. GML protected against high-dose SIV infection and reduced inflammation, which can exacerbate disease, during infection. We found that GML inhibits HIV-1 and other human-pathogenic viruses (yellow fever virus, mumps virus, and Zika virus), broadening its antimicrobial range. Because GML targets diverse infectious pathogens, GML may be an effective agent against the broad range of sexually transmitted pathogens. Further, our data show that reutericyclin, a GML analog expressed by some lactobacillus species, also inhibits HIV-1 replication and thus may contribute to the protective effect of Lactobacillus in HIV-1 transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Welch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Medical Service, Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jinhua Xiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Medical Service, Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Chioma M Okeoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Patrick M Schlievert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Jack T Stapleton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Medical Service, Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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