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Peng J, Ding X, Chen CX, Zhao P, Ding X, Zhang M, Aliper A, Ren F, Lu H, Zhavoronkov A. Discovery of Pyridine-2-Carboxamides Derivatives as Potent and Selective HPK1 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cancer. J Med Chem 2024; 67:21520-21544. [PMID: 39585942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c02421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1) has emerged as an attractive target for immunotherapy due to its critical role in T cell activation and proliferation. The major challenge in developing HPK1 inhibitors lies in balancing kinase selectivity, pharmacokinetic (PK) properties, and therapeutic efficacy. In this study, we report a series of pyridine-2-carboxamide analogues demonstrating strong HPK1 inhibitory activity in enzymatic and cellular assays, along with good kinase selectivity. Among these analogues, compound 19 showed good in vitro HPK1 inhibitory activity, excellent kinase selectivity (>637-fold vs GCK-like kinase and >1022-fold vs LCK), and robust in vivo efficacy in the CT26 (tumor growth inhibition (TGI) = 94.3%, 2/6 CRs) and MC38 murine colorectal cancer models (TGI = 83.3%, 1/6 complete response) when administered in combination with anti-PD-1. Compound 19 also demonstrated adequate in vitro ADME and in vivo PK properties, displaying good oral bioavailability across multiple species (F % = 35-63). These findings summarize our compound's favorable safety and efficacy profiles, justifying its testing in future translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Peng
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ding
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Celia Xiaojing Chen
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pei Zhao
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao Ding
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Alex Aliper
- Insilico Medicine AI Limited, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi 145748, UAE
| | - Feng Ren
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongfu Lu
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine Shanghai Ltd, Suite 901, Tower C, Changtai Plaza, 2889 Jinke Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai 201203, China
- Insilico Medicine AI Limited, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi 145748, UAE
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2
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Garrett TR, Gilchrist J, McKenzie ADJ, Larik FA, Danon JJ, Werry EL, Kassiou M. An Investigation on Linker Modifications of Cyanoguanidine-Based P2X7 Receptor Antagonists. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202400163. [PMID: 38782733 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Despite their acknowledged significance in the inflammatory signalling cascade across a range of disease states, P2X7R antagonists have not yet proven to be effective in clinical trials. In this study, we present findings on P2X7 receptor antagonists that are based on a core adamantyl-cyanoguanidine-quinoline lead. To investigate the specific features of the cyanoguanidine moiety that influence compound potency we carried out a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study. Compound potency was assessed using an in vitro dye-uptake assay measuring P2X7R pore formation. While none of the compounds displayed superior potency to the lead, we established key structural requirements for potent P2X7R antagonism. An additional SAR using different aryl groups was performed based on the promising activity displayed by the squaramide derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor R Garrett
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jayson Gilchrist
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Andre D J McKenzie
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Fayaz Ali Larik
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jonathan J Danon
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Eryn L Werry
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Profir M, Roşu OA, Creţoiu SM, Gaspar BS. Friend or Foe: Exploring the Relationship between the Gut Microbiota and the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Digestive Cancers. Microorganisms 2024; 12:955. [PMID: 38792785 PMCID: PMC11124004 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Digestive cancers are among the leading causes of cancer death in the world. However, the mechanisms of cancer development and progression are not fully understood. Accumulating evidence in recent years pointing to the bidirectional interactions between gut dysbiosis and the development of a specific type of gastrointestinal cancer is shedding light on the importance of this "unseen organ"-the microbiota. This review focuses on the local role of the gut microbiota imbalance in different digestive tract organs and annexes related to the carcinogenic mechanisms. Microbiota modulation, either by probiotic administration or by dietary changes, plays an important role in the future therapies of various digestive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Profir
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Alexandra Roşu
- Department of Oncology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania; (M.P.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Sanda Maria Creţoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Severus Gaspar
- Surgery Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital of Bucharest, 014461 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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4
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Brown M, Dodd A, Shi F, Greenwood E, Nagpal S, Kolachala VL, Kugathasan S, Gibson G. Concordant B and T Cell Heterogeneity Inferred from the Multiomic Landscape of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in a Crohn's Disease Cohort. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:jjae055. [PMID: 38613150 PMCID: PMC11637485 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Crohn's disease is characterized by inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract due to a combination of genetic, immune, and environmental factors. Transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling of intestinal tissue of Crohn's disease patients have revealed valuable insights into pathology, however have not been conducted jointly on less invasive peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Furthermore, the heterogeneous responses to treatments among individuals with Crohn's disease imply hidden diversity of pathological mechanisms. METHODS We employed single nucleus multiomic analysis, integrating both snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq of PBMCs with a variety of open source bioinformatics applications. RESULTS Our findings reveal a diverse range of transcriptional signatures among individuals, highlighting the heterogeneity in PBMC profiles. Nevertheless, striking concordance between three heterogeneous groups was observed across B cells and T cells. Differential gene regulatory mechanisms partially explain these profiles, notably including a signature involving TGFß signaling in two individuals with Crohn's disease. A mutation mapped to a transcription factor binding site within a differentially accessible peak associated with the expression of this pathway, with implications for a personalized approach to understanding disease pathology. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights how multiomic analysis can reveal common regulatory mechanisms that underlie heterogeneity of PBMC profiles, one of which may be specific to inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne Dodd
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Fang Shi
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Emily Greenwood
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sini Nagpal
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Greg Gibson
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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5
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Fang Y, Xiang W, Cui J, Jiao B, Su X. Anti-Inflammatory Properties of the Citrus Flavonoid Diosmetin: An Updated Review of Experimental Models. Molecules 2024; 29:1521. [PMID: 38611801 PMCID: PMC11013832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential contributor to various human diseases. Diosmetin (3',5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone), a citrus flavonoid, can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent. All the information in this article was collected from various research papers from online scientific databases such as PubMed and Web of Science. These studies have demonstrated that diosmetin can slow down the progression of inflammation by inhibiting the production of inflammatory mediators through modulating related pathways, predominantly the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In this review, we discuss the anti-inflammatory properties of diosmetin in cellular and animal models of various inflammatory diseases for the first time. We have identified some deficiencies in current research and offer suggestions for further advancement. In conclusion, accumulating evidence so far suggests a very important role for diosmetin in the treatment of various inflammatory disorders and suggests it is a candidate worthy of in-depth investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Fang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.F.); (W.X.); (J.C.)
| | - Wei Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.F.); (W.X.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinwei Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.F.); (W.X.); (J.C.)
| | - Bining Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Citrus Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China;
| | - Xuesu Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.F.); (W.X.); (J.C.)
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6
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Cialdai F, Brown AM, Baumann CW, Angeloni D, Baatout S, Benchoua A, Bereiter-Hahn J, Bottai D, Buchheim JI, Calvaruso M, Carnero-Diaz E, Castiglioni S, Cavalieri D, Ceccarelli G, Choukér A, Ciofani G, Coppola G, Cusella G, Degl'Innocenti A, Desaphy JF, Frippiat JP, Gelinsky M, Genchi G, Grano M, Grimm D, Guignandon A, Hahn C, Hatton J, Herranz R, Hellweg CE, Iorio CS, Karapantsios T, van Loon J, Lulli M, Maier J, Malda J, Mamaca E, Morbidelli L, van Ombergen A, Osterman A, Ovsianikov A, Pampaloni F, Pavezlorie E, Pereda-Campos V, Przybyla C, Puhl C, Rettberg P, Risaliti C, Rizzo AM, Robson-Brown K, Rossi L, Russo G, Salvetti A, Santucci D, Sperl M, Strollo F, Tabury K, Tavella S, Thielemann C, Willaert R, Szewczyk NJ, Monici M. How do gravity alterations affect animal and human systems at a cellular/tissue level? NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:84. [PMID: 37865644 PMCID: PMC10590411 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present white paper concerns the indications and recommendations of the SciSpacE Science Community to make progress in filling the gaps of knowledge that prevent us from answering the question: "How Do Gravity Alterations Affect Animal and Human Systems at a Cellular/Tissue Level?" This is one of the five major scientific issues of the ESA roadmap "Biology in Space and Analogue Environments". Despite the many studies conducted so far on spaceflight adaptation mechanisms and related pathophysiological alterations observed in astronauts, we are not yet able to elaborate a synthetic integrated model of the many changes occurring at different system and functional levels. Consequently, it is difficult to develop credible models for predicting long-term consequences of human adaptation to the space environment, as well as to implement medical support plans for long-term missions and a strategy for preventing the possible health risks due to prolonged exposure to spaceflight beyond the low Earth orbit (LEO). The research activities suggested by the scientific community have the aim to overcome these problems by striving to connect biological and physiological aspects in a more holistic view of space adaptation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cialdai
- ASAcampus Joint Laboratory, ASA Res. Div., DSBSC-University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Austin M Brown
- Honors Tutorial College, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Cory W Baumann
- Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Debora Angeloni
- Inst. of Biorobotics, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN) Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Juergen Bereiter-Hahn
- Inst. for Cell and Neurobiol, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniele Bottai
- Dept. Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Judith-Irina Buchheim
- Laboratory of "Translational Research, Stress & Immunity", Department of Anesthesiology, LMU University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Calvaruso
- Inst. Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy
| | - Eugénie Carnero-Diaz
- Inst. Systematic, Evolution, Biodiversity, Sorbonne University, NMNH, CNRS, EPHE, UA, Paris, France
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Dept. of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Ceccarelli
- Dept of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alexander Choukér
- Laboratory of "Translational Research, Stress & Immunity", Department of Anesthesiology, LMU University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 56025, Pontedera (PI), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Coppola
- Institute of Applied Science and Intelligent Sistems - CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cusella
- Dept of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Degl'Innocenti
- Dept Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, IIT, Pontedera (PI), Italy
| | - Jean-Francois Desaphy
- Dept. Precision and Regenerative Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Jean-Pol Frippiat
- Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, SIMPA, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint & Soft Tissue Research, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Giada Genchi
- Smart Bio-Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 56025, Pontedera (PI), Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Dept. Precision and Regenerative Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Daniela Grimm
- Dept. Microgravity and Translational Regenerative Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Dept of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Alain Guignandon
- SAINBIOSE, INSERM U1059, Université Jean Monnet, F-42000, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | | | - Raúl Herranz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Christine E Hellweg
- Radiation Biology Dept., Inst. of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Jack van Loon
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, ACTA/VU, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Dept. Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jeanette Maier
- Dept. of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Jos Malda
- Dept. Orthopaedics, Univ. Med. Center Utrecht & Dept. Clinical Sciences, Utrecht Univ, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Emina Mamaca
- European and International Affairs Dept, Ifremer centre Bretagne, Plouzané, France
| | | | | | - Andreas Osterman
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Virology, LMU Munich & DZIF, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Ovsianikov
- 3D Printing and Biofabrication, Inst. Materials Science and Technology, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Francesco Pampaloni
- Buchmann Inst. for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Pavezlorie
- Ludwig Boltzmann Inst. for Traumatology, Res. Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronica Pereda-Campos
- GSBMS/URU EVOLSAN - Medecine Evolutive, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Cyrille Przybyla
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Palavas les Flots, France
| | - Christopher Puhl
- Space Applications NV/SA for European Space Agency, Houston, USA
| | - Petra Rettberg
- DLR, Inst of Aerospace Medicine, Research Group Astrobiology, Köln, Germany
| | - Chiara Risaliti
- ASAcampus Joint Laboratory, ASA Res. Div., DSBSC-University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Angela Maria Rizzo
- Dept. of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Kate Robson-Brown
- Dept of Engineering Mathematics, and Dept of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Leonardo Rossi
- Dept. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgio Russo
- Inst. Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Cefalù, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Santucci
- Center for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Ist. Superiore Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Felice Strollo
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Kevin Tabury
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN) Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sara Tavella
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino and University of Genoa, DIMES, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Ronnie Willaert
- Research Group NAMI and NANO, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Monica Monici
- ASAcampus Joint Laboratory, ASA Res. Div., DSBSC-University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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7
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Wang J, Zhao X, Wan YY. Intricacies of TGF-β signaling in Treg and Th17 cell biology. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1002-1022. [PMID: 37217798 PMCID: PMC10468540 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01036-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced immunity is pivotal for health and homeostasis. CD4+ helper T (Th) cells are central to the balance between immune tolerance and immune rejection. Th cells adopt distinct functions to maintain tolerance and clear pathogens. Dysregulation of Th cell function often leads to maladies, including autoimmunity, inflammatory disease, cancer, and infection. Regulatory T (Treg) and Th17 cells are critical Th cell types involved in immune tolerance, homeostasis, pathogenicity, and pathogen clearance. It is therefore critical to understand how Treg and Th17 cells are regulated in health and disease. Cytokines are instrumental in directing Treg and Th17 cell function. The evolutionarily conserved TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) cytokine superfamily is of particular interest because it is central to the biology of both Treg cells that are predominantly immunosuppressive and Th17 cells that can be proinflammatory, pathogenic, and immune regulatory. How TGF-β superfamily members and their intricate signaling pathways regulate Treg and Th17 cell function is a question that has been intensely investigated for two decades. Here, we introduce the fundamental biology of TGF-β superfamily signaling, Treg cells, and Th17 cells and discuss in detail how the TGF-β superfamily contributes to Treg and Th17 cell biology through complex yet ordered and cooperative signaling networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Wang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Xingqi Zhao
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yisong Y Wan
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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8
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You Y, Grasso E, Alvero A, Condon J, Dimova T, Hu A, Ding J, Alexandrova M, Manchorova D, Dimitrova V, Liao A, Mor G. Twist1-IRF9 Interaction Is Necessary for IFN-Stimulated Gene Anti-Zika Viral Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1899-1912. [PMID: 37144865 PMCID: PMC10615665 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An efficient immune defense against pathogens requires sufficient basal sensing mechanisms that can deliver prompt responses. Type I IFNs are protective against acute viral infections and respond to viral and bacterial infections, but their efficacy depends on constitutive basal activity that promotes the expression of downstream genes known as IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Type I IFNs and ISGs are constitutively produced at low quantities and yet exert profound effects essential for numerous physiological processes beyond antiviral and antimicrobial defense, including immunomodulation, cell cycle regulation, cell survival, and cell differentiation. Although the canonical response pathway for type I IFNs has been extensively characterized, less is known regarding the transcriptional regulation of constitutive ISG expression. Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is a major risk for human pregnancy complications and fetal development and depends on an appropriate IFN-β response. However, it is poorly understood how ZIKV, despite an IFN-β response, causes miscarriages. We have uncovered a mechanism for this function specifically in the context of the early antiviral response. Our results demonstrate that IFN regulatory factor (IRF9) is critical in the early response to ZIKV infection in human trophoblast. This function is contingent on IRF9 binding to Twist1. In this signaling cascade, Twist1 was not only a required partner that promotes IRF9 binding to the IFN-stimulated response element but also an upstream regulator that controls basal levels of IRF9. The absence of Twist1 renders human trophoblast cells susceptible to ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan You
- C. S Mott Center for Human Development, Wayne State University, 275 E Hancock St, Detroit, MI, 48093
| | - Esteban Grasso
- C. S Mott Center for Human Development, Wayne State University, 275 E Hancock St, Detroit, MI, 48093
- School of Science, University of Buenos Aires, Intendente Guiraldes 2160, Buenos Aires, 1428
| | - Ayesha Alvero
- C. S Mott Center for Human Development, Wayne State University, 275 E Hancock St, Detroit, MI, 48093
| | - Jennifer Condon
- C. S Mott Center for Human Development, Wayne State University, 275 E Hancock St, Detroit, MI, 48093
| | - Tanya Dimova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction “Acad. K. Bratanov”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anna Hu
- C. S Mott Center for Human Development, Wayne State University, 275 E Hancock St, Detroit, MI, 48093
| | - Jiahui Ding
- C. S Mott Center for Human Development, Wayne State University, 275 E Hancock St, Detroit, MI, 48093
| | - Marina Alexandrova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction “Acad. K. Bratanov”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Manchorova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction “Acad. K. Bratanov”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Violeta Dimitrova
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction “Acad. K. Bratanov”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Aihua Liao
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Gil Mor
- C. S Mott Center for Human Development, Wayne State University, 275 E Hancock St, Detroit, MI, 48093
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9
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Burovenko IY, Sonin DL, Borshcheva OV, Istomina MS, Zaitseva EA, Protsak ES, Borshchev VY, Borshchev YY, Galagudza MM. Influence of Interleukin-2 and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) on the Size of Myocardial Infarction in Rats with Systemic Inflammatory Response. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:219-224. [PMID: 37464198 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
We studied the influence of recombinant IL-2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on the size of the myocardial necrosis zone of rats with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A significant increase in the necrosis zone and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines was revealed in animals with SIRS in comparison with the control. The administration of IL-2 to animals with SIRS significantly reduced the size of the necrosis zone, which was paralleled by a pronounced increase in IL-2 and BDNF in comparison with the corresponding parameters in rats with SIRS that did not receive IL-2. Administration of BDNF to animals with SIRS was followed by normalization of TNFα and IL-1α levels, but did not lead to a decrease in the size of the necrosis zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Yu Burovenko
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D L Sonin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O V Borshcheva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M S Istomina
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E A Zaitseva
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E S Protsak
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V Yu Borshchev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yu Yu Borshchev
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - M M Galagudza
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, V. A. Almazov National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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10
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Zeng J, Liu J, Huang JH, Fu SP, Wang XY, Xi C, Cui YR, Qu F. Aloperine alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110142. [PMID: 37210910 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Excessive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in the pathological progression of acute lung injury (ALI). Aloperine (Alo) has anti-inflammatory effects in many inflammatory disease models; however, its role in ALI remains elusive. In this study, we addressed the role of Alo in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in both ALI mice and LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. METHODS The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS-induced ALI lungs was investigated in C57BL/6 mice. Alo was administered in order to study its effect on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in ALI. RAW264.7 cells were used to evaluate the underlying mechanism of Alo in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro. RESULTS The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome occurs in the lungs and RAW264.7 cells under LPS stress. Alo attenuated the pathological injury of lung tissue as well as downregulates the mRNA expression of NLRP3 and pro-caspase-1 in ALI mice and LPS-stressed RAW264.7 cells. The expression of NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, and caspase-1 p10 were also significantly suppressed by Alo in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, Alo decreased IL-1β and IL-18 release in ALI mice and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. In addition, ML385, a Nrf2 inhibitor, weakened the activity of Alo, which inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro. CONCLUSION Alo reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the Nrf2 pathway in ALI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zeng
- Department of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China; Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi 334000, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Jun-Hao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | | | - Xin-Yi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Chao Xi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Yan-Ru Cui
- Department of Physiology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
| | - Fei Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China.
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11
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Nesci S, Spagnoletta A, Oppedisano F. Inflammation, Mitochondria and Natural Compounds Together in the Circle of Trust. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6106. [PMID: 37047080 PMCID: PMC10094238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Human diseases are characterized by the perpetuation of an inflammatory condition in which the levels of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are quite high. Excessive ROS production leads to DNA damage, protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation, conditions that lead to a worsening of inflammatory disorders. In particular, compromised mitochondria sustain a stressful condition in the cell, such that mitochondrial dysfunctions become pathogenic, causing human disorders related to inflammatory reactions. Indeed, the triggered inflammation loses its beneficial properties and turns harmful if dysregulation and dysfunctions are not addressed. Thus, reducing oxidative stress with ROS scavenger compounds has proven to be a successful approach to reducing inflammation. Among these, natural compounds, in particular, polyphenols, alkaloids and coenzyme Q10, thanks to their antioxidant properties, are capable of inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and the expression of target genes, including those involved in inflammation. Even more, clinical trials, and in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of phytosomes, which are capable of increasing the bioavailability and effectiveness of natural compounds, and have long been considered an effective non-pharmacological therapy. Therefore, in this review, we wanted to highlight the relationship between inflammation, altered mitochondrial oxidative activity in pathological conditions, and the beneficial effects of phytosomes. To this end, a PubMed literature search was conducted with a focus on various in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials from 2014 to 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy;
| | - Anna Spagnoletta
- ENEA Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, 75026 Rotondella, Italy
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute of Research for Food Safety and Health (IRC-FSH), University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
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12
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Hildreth AD, Padilla ET, Tafti RY, Legala AR, O'Sullivan TE. Sterile liver injury induces a protective tissue-resident cDC1-ILC1 circuit through cDC1-intrinsic cGAS-STING-dependent IL-12 production. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112141. [PMID: 36807146 PMCID: PMC10435668 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-resident immune cells are critical to the initiation and potentiation of inflammation. However, the tissue-protective cellular communication networks initiated by resident immunity during sterile inflammation are not well understood. Using single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we show the liver-resident cell connectome and signalome during acute liver injury. These analyses identify Il12b as a central regulator of liver injury-associated changes in gene expression. Interleukin (IL)-12 produced by conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) is required for protection during acute injury through activation of interferon (IFN)-γ production by liver-resident type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s). Using a targeted in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 screen of innate immune sensing pathways, we find that cDC1-intrinsic cGAS-STING signaling acts upstream of IL-12 production to initiate early protective immune responses. Our study identifies the core communication hubs initiated by tissue-resident innate immune cells during sterile inflammation in vivo and implicates cDC1-derived IL-12 as an important regulator of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Hildreth
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Eddie T Padilla
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Rana Yakhshi Tafti
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Akshara R Legala
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Timothy E O'Sullivan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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13
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Zulhendri F, Lesmana R, Tandean S, Christoper A, Chandrasekaran K, Irsyam I, Suwantika AA, Abdulah R, Wathoni N. Recent Update on the Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Propolis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238473. [PMID: 36500579 PMCID: PMC9740431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, research has demonstrated the efficacy propolis as a potential raw material for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. There is limited report detailing the mechanisms of action of propolis and its bioactive compounds in relation to their anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the aim of the present review is to examine the latest experimental evidence (2017-2022) regarding the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis. A systematic scoping review methodology was implemented. After applying the exclusion criteria, a total of 166 research publications were identified and retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, and Pubmed. Several key themes related to the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis were subsequently identified, namely in relation to cancers, oral health, metabolic syndrome, organ toxicity and inflammation, immune system, wound healing, and pathogenic infections. Based on the latest experimental evidence, propolis is demonstrated to possess various mechanisms of action in modulating inflammation towards the regulatory balance and anti-inflammatory environment. In general, we summarize that propolis acts as an anti-inflammatory substance by inhibiting and downregulating TLR4, MyD88, IRAK4, TRIF, NLRP inflammasomes, NF-κB, and their associated pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α. Propolis also reduces the migration of immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, possibly by downregulating the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Zulhendri
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Kebun Efi, Kabanjahe 22171, Indonesia
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Biological Activity Division, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (S.T.)
| | - Steven Tandean
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (S.T.)
| | - Andreas Christoper
- Postgraduate Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Ilham Irsyam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20222, Indonesia
| | - Auliya A. Suwantika
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Rizky Abdulah
- Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Research Center of Biopolymers for Drug and Cosmetic Delivery, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
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14
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Ko CN, Zang S, Zhou Y, Zhong Z, Yang C. Nanocarriers for effective delivery: modulation of innate immunity for the management of infections and the associated complications. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:380. [PMID: 35986268 PMCID: PMC9388998 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01582-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Innate immune cells can recognize invading pathogens through recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). The recognition of PAMPs by PRRs triggers immune defense mechanisms and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. However, sustained and overwhelming activation of immune system may disrupt immune homeostasis and contribute to inflammatory disorders. Immunomodulators targeting PRRs may be beneficial to treat infectious diseases and their associated complications. However, therapeutic performances of immunomodulators can be negatively affected by (1) high immune-mediated toxicity, (2) poor solubility and (3) bioactivity loss after long circulation. Recently, nanocarriers have emerged as a very promising tool to overcome these obstacles owning to their unique properties such as sustained circulation, desired bio-distribution, and preferred pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. In this review, we aim to provide an up-to-date overview on the strategies and applications of nanocarrier-assisted innate immune modulation for the management of infections and their associated complications. We first summarize examples of important innate immune modulators. The types of nanomaterials available for drug delivery, as well as their applications for the delivery of immunomodulatory drugs and vaccine adjuvants are also discussed.
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15
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Kelutur FJ, Saptarini NM, Mustarichie R, Kurnia D. Molecular Docking of the Terpenes in Gorgonian Corals to COX-2 and
iNOS Enzymes as Anti-Inflammatory. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180819666211227162950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Because the inflammatory pathway is triggered by the enzymes cyclooxygenase-
2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), inhibitors, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs), are needed, although these have side effects. Therefore, the discovery and development
of natural medicine as a lead compound are needed. The gorgonian corals have been reported to contain
cyclic diterpenes with anti-inflammatory activities. The specific anti-inflammatory inhibitor potential has
not been reported regarding these secondary metabolites, whether in COX-2 or iNOS. Thus, the in silico
method is the right alternative.
Objective:
This study aimed to determine the potency of fifteen terpenes of the various gorgonian corals
to COX-2 and iNOS enzymes as an anti-inflammatory.
Methods:
Molecular docking was performed using ChemDraw Ultra 12.0, Chem3D Pro 12.0, Biovia
Discovery Studio 2016 Client®, Autodock Tools 4.2, prediction pharmacokinetics (Pre-ADMET), and
oral administration (Lipinski rule of five).
Results:
Potential terpenes based on ΔG (kcal/mol) and Ki (nM) to COX-2 were gyrosanol B (-10,32;
27,15), gyrosanol A (-10,20; 33,57), echinolabdane A (-9,81; 64,76). Only nine terpenes were specific to
COX-2 active sites, while for iNOS were palmonine F (-7.76; 2070), briarenol C (-7.55; 2910), and all
test compounds binding to the iNOS active sites. Pre-ADMET prediction obtained that HIA was very
excellent (70–100%), Caco-2 had moderate permeability (4–70 nm sec-1), and PPB had strong binding (>
90%). Eight terpenes qualified for the Lipinski rule of five.
Conclusion:
iNOS was a specific target for terpenes based on the free energy of binding (ΔG).
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruk Jayanto Kelutur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran,
West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nyi Mekar Saptarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran,
West Java, Indonesia
| | - Resmi Mustarichie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran,
West Java, Indonesia
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran,
West Java, Indonesia
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16
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Pentraxin 3 regulated by miR-224-5p modulates macrophage reprogramming and exacerbates osteoarthritis associated synovitis by targeting CD32. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:567. [PMID: 35739102 PMCID: PMC9226026 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04962-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown an imbalance in M1/M2 macrophage polarization to play an essential role in osteoarthritis (OA) progression. However, the underlying mechanistic basis for this polarization is unknown. RNA sequencing of OA M1-polarized macrophages found highly expressed levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), suggesting a role for PTX3 in OA occurrence and development. Herein, PTX3 was found to be increased in the synovium and articular cartilage of OA patients and OA mice. Intra-articular injection of PTX3 aggravated, while PTX3 neutralization reversed synovitis and cartilage degeneration. No metabolic disorder or proteoglycan loss were observed in cartilage explants when treated with PTX3 alone. However, cartilage explants exhibited an OA phenotype when treated with culture supernatants of macrophages stimulated with PTX3, suggesting that PTX3 did not have a direct effect on chondrocytes. Therefore, the OA anti-chondrogenic effects of PTX3 are primarily mediated through macrophages. Mechanistically, PTX3 was upregulated by miR-224-5p deficiency, which activated the p65/NF-κB pathway to promote M1 macrophage polarization by targeting CD32. CD32 was expressed by macrophages, that when stimulated with PTX3, secreted abundant pro-inflammation cytokines that induced severe articular cartilage damage. The paracrine interaction between macrophages and chondrocytes produced a feedback loop that enhanced synovitis and cartilage damage. The findings of this study identified a functional pathway important to OA development. Blockade of this pathway and PTX3 may prevent and treat OA.
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17
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Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease and its etiology remains unknown. Increased gut permeability has been reported in lupus patients, yet whether it promotes or results from lupus progression is unclear. Recent studies indicate that an impaired intestinal barrier allows the translocation of bacteria and bacterial components into systemic organs, increasing immune cell activation and autoantibody generation. Indeed, induced gut leakage in a mouse model of lupus enhanced disease characteristics, including the production of anti-dsDNA antibody, serum IL-6 as well as cell apoptosis. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been suggested to be one of the factors that decreases gut barrier integrity by outgrowing harmful bacteria and their products, or by perturbation of gut immune homeostasis, which in turn affects gut barrier integrity. The restoration of microbial balance eliminates gut leakage in mice, further confirming the role of microbiota in maintaining gut barrier integrity. In this review, we discuss recent advances on the association between microbiota dysbiosis and leaky gut, as well as their influences on the progression of lupus. The modifications on host microbiota and gut integrity may offer insights into the development of new lupus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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18
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Kwon V, Cai P, Dixon CT, Hamlin V, Spencer CG, Rojas AM, Hamilton M, Shiau CE. Peripheral NOD-like receptor deficient inflammatory macrophages trigger neutrophil infiltration into the brain disrupting daytime locomotion. Commun Biol 2022; 5:464. [PMID: 35577844 PMCID: PMC9110401 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is known to disrupt normal behavior, yet the underlying neuroimmune interactions remain elusive. Here, we investigated whether inappropriate macrophage-evoked inflammation alters CNS control of daily-life animal locomotion using a set of zebrafish mutants selected for specific macrophage dysfunction and microglia deficiency. Large-scale genetic and computational analyses revealed that NOD-like receptor nlrc3l mutants are capable of normal motility and visuomotor response, but preferentially swim less in the daytime, suggesting possible low motivation rather than physical impairment. Examining their brain activities and structures implicates impaired dopaminergic descending circuits, where neutrophils abnormally infiltrate. Furthermore, neutrophil depletion recovered daytime locomotion. Restoring wild-type macrophages reversed behavioral and neutrophil aberrations, while three other microglia-lacking mutants failed to phenocopy nlrc3l mutants. Overall, we reveal how peripheral inflammatory macrophages with elevated pro-inflammatory cues (including il1β, tnfα, cxcl8a) in the absence of microglia co-opt neutrophils to infiltrate the brain, thereby potentially enabling local circuitry modulation affecting daytime locomotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Kwon
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Peiwen Cai
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cameron T Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Victoria Hamlin
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Caroline G Spencer
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alison M Rojas
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matthew Hamilton
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Celia E Shiau
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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19
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Jones AB, Rocco A, Lamb LS, Friedman GK, Hjelmeland AB. Regulation of NKG2D Stress Ligands and Its Relevance in Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2339. [PMID: 35565467 PMCID: PMC9105350 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Under cellular distress, multiple facets of normal homeostatic signaling are altered or disrupted. In the context of the immune landscape, external and internal stressors normally promote the expression of natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands that allow for the targeted recognition and killing of cells by NKG2D receptor-bearing effector populations. The presence or absence of NKG2D ligands can heavily influence disease progression and impact the accessibility of immunotherapy options. In cancer, tumor cells are known to have distinct regulatory mechanisms for NKG2D ligands that are directly associated with tumor progression and maintenance. Therefore, understanding the regulation of NKG2D ligands in cancer will allow for targeted therapeutic endeavors aimed at exploiting the stress response pathway. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of regulatory mechanisms controlling the induction and repression of NKG2D ligands in cancer. Additionally, we highlight current therapeutic endeavors targeting NKG2D ligand expression and offer our perspective on considerations to further enhance the field of NKG2D ligand biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber B. Jones
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - Abbey Rocco
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (A.R.); (G.K.F.)
| | | | - Gregory K. Friedman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; (A.R.); (G.K.F.)
| | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
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20
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Divella R, Gadaleta Caldarola G, Mazzocca A. Chronic Inflammation in Obesity and Cancer Cachexia. J Clin Med 2022; 11:2191. [PMID: 35456284 PMCID: PMC9027625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has long been linked to obesity and related conditions such as type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. According to current research, the increased risk of cancer in people with certain metabolic diseases may be due to chronic inflammation. Adipocytokines, which are pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted in excess, are elevated in many chronic metabolic diseases. Cytokines and inflammatory mediators, which are not directly linked to DNA, are important in tumorigenesis. Cachexia, a type of metabolic syndrome linked to the disease, is associated with a dysregulation of metabolic pathways. Obesity and cachexia have distinct metabolic characteristics, such as insulin resistance, increased lipolysis, elevated free fatty acids (FFA), and ceramide levels, which are discussed in this section. The goal of this research project is to create a framework for bringing together our knowledge of inflammation-mediated insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Divella
- ASD Nordic Walking Apulia Lifestyle, Corso Giuseppe Di Vittorio 14, 70024 Gravina in Puglia, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Mazzocca
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari School of Medicine, Piazza G. Cesare, 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
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21
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Zhang X, Schalkwijk CG, Wouters K. Immunometabolism and the modulation of immune responses and host defense: A role for methylglyoxal? Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166425. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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22
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Sugihara J, Wong A, Shimizu H, Zhao J, Cho HR, Wang Y, Refetoff S, Arvan P, Liu M. Thyroidal Transcriptomic Profiles of Pathoadaptive Responses to Congenital Hypothyroidism in XB130 Knockout Mice. Cells 2022; 11:975. [PMID: 35326426 PMCID: PMC8947158 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital hypothyroidism is a genetic condition in which the thyroid gland fails to produce sufficient thyroid hormone (TH), resulting in metabolic dysfunction and growth retardation. Xb130-/- mice exhibit perturbations of thyrocyte cytoskeleton and polarity, and develop postnatal transient growth retardation due to congenital hypothyroidism, leading ultimately to multinodular goiter. To determine the underlying mechanisms, we performed transcriptomic analyses on thyroid glands of mice at three age points: week 2 (W2, before visible growth retardation), W4 (at the nadir of growth); and W12 (immediately before full growth recovery). Using gene set enrichment analysis, we compared a defined set of thyroidal genes between Xb130+/+ and Xb130-/- mice to identify differentially enriched gene clusters. At the earliest postnatal stage (W2), the thyroid glands of Xb130-/- mice exhibited significantly downregulated gene clusters related to cellular metabolism, which continued to W4. Additionally, mutant thyroids at W4 and W12 showed upregulated gene clusters related to extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. At W12, despite nearly normal levels of serum TH and TSH and body size, a significantly large number of gene clusters related to inflammatory response were upregulated. Early postnatal TH deficiency may suppress cellular metabolism within the thyroid gland itself. Upregulation of genes related to extracellular matrix and angiogenesis may promote subsequent thyroid growth. Chronic inflammatory responses may contribute to the pathogenesis of multinodular goiter in later life. Some of the pathoadaptive responses of Xb130-/- mice may overlap with those from other mutations causing congenital hypothyroidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Sugihara
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (J.S.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (J.Z.); (H.-R.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Aaron Wong
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (J.S.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (J.Z.); (H.-R.C.); (Y.W.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (J.S.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (J.Z.); (H.-R.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jinbo Zhao
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (J.S.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (J.Z.); (H.-R.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hae-Ra Cho
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (J.S.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (J.Z.); (H.-R.C.); (Y.W.)
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (J.S.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (J.Z.); (H.-R.C.); (Y.W.)
| | - Samuel Refetoff
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics and Committee on Genetics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
| | - Peter Arvan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology & Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Latner Thoracic Surgery Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; (J.S.); (A.W.); (H.S.); (J.Z.); (H.-R.C.); (Y.W.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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da Luz JRD, Barbosa EA, do Nascimento TES, de Rezende AA, Ururahy MAG, Brito ADS, Araujo-Silva G, López JA, Almeida MDG. Chemical Characterization of Flowers and Leaf Extracts Obtained from Turnera subulata and Their Immunomodulatory Effect on LPS-Activated RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Molecules 2022; 27:1084. [PMID: 35164352 PMCID: PMC8839466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory properties of Turnera subulata have been evaluated as an alternative drug approach to treating several inflammatory processes. Accordingly, in this study, aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of T. subulata flowers and leaves were analyzed regarding their phytocomposition by ultrafast liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, and their anti-inflammatory properties were assessed by an in vitro inflammation model, using LPS-stimulated RAW-264.7 macrophages. The phytochemical profile indicated vitexin-2-O-rhamnoside as an important constituent in both extracts, while methoxyisoflavones, some bulky amino acids (e.g., tryptophan, tyrosine, phenylalanine), pheophorbides, and octadecatrienoic, stearidonic, and ferulic acids were detected in hydroalcoholic extracts. The extracts displayed the ability to modulate the in vitro inflammatory response by altering the secretion of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines and inhibiting the PGE-2 and NO production. Overall, for the first time, putative compounds from T. subulata flowers and leaves were characterized, which can modulate the inflammatory process. Therefore, the data highlight this plant as an option to obtain extracts for phytotherapic formulations to treat and/or prevent chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (J.R.D.d.L.); (A.A.d.R.)
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (T.E.S.d.N.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Eder A. Barbosa
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Analysis of Biomolecules (LSAB), Institute of Chemistry, Darcy Ribeiro University Campus, University of Brasilia, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil;
| | - Thayse Evellyn Silva do Nascimento
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (T.E.S.d.N.); (J.A.L.)
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Augusto de Rezende
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (J.R.D.d.L.); (A.A.d.R.)
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil;
| | - Marcela Abbott Galvão Ururahy
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil;
| | - Adriana da Silva Brito
- Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi (FACISA/UFRN), R. Passos de Miranda, Santa Cruz 59200-000, RN, Brazil;
| | - Gabriel Araujo-Silva
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, Amapá State University (UEAP), Av. Presidente Vargas, s/n, Centro, Macapá 68900-070, AP, Brazil;
| | - Jorge A. López
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (T.E.S.d.N.); (J.A.L.)
| | - Maria das Graças Almeida
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (J.R.D.d.L.); (A.A.d.R.)
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, DACT, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil; (T.E.S.d.N.); (J.A.L.)
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Gen. Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, s/n—Petrópolis, Natal 59012-570, RN, Brazil;
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Fouladseresht H, Ghamar Talepoor A, Eskandari N, Norouzian M, Ghezelbash B, Beyranvand MR, Nejadghaderi SA, Carson-Chahhoud K, Kolahi AA, Safiri S. Potential Immune Indicators for Predicting the Prognosis of COVID-19 and Trauma: Similarities and Disparities. Front Immunol 2022; 12:785946. [PMID: 35126355 PMCID: PMC8815083 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.785946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cellular and molecular mediators of the immune system have the potential to be prognostic indicators of disease outcomes, temporal interference between diseases might affect the immune mediators, and make them difficult to predict disease complications. Today one of the most important challenges is predicting the prognosis of COVID-19 in the context of other inflammatory diseases such as traumatic injuries. Many diseases with inflammatory properties are usually polyphasic and the kinetics of inflammatory mediators in various inflammatory diseases might be different. To find the most appropriate evaluation time of immune mediators to accurately predict COVID-19 prognosis in the trauma environment, researchers must investigate and compare cellular and molecular alterations based on their kinetics after the start of COVID-19 symptoms and traumatic injuries. The current review aimed to investigate the similarities and differences of common inflammatory mediators (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, ferritin, and serum amyloid A), cytokine/chemokine levels (IFNs, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL-4), and immune cell subtypes (neutrophil, monocyte, Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg and CTL) based on the kinetics between patients with COVID-19 and trauma. The mediators may help us to accurately predict the severity of COVID-19 complications and follow up subsequent clinical interventions. These findings could potentially help in a better understanding of COVID-19 and trauma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Fouladseresht
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Atefe Ghamar Talepoor
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Norouzian
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Behrooz Ghezelbash
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Beyranvand
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kristin Carson-Chahhoud
- Australian Centre for Precision Health, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ali-Asghar Kolahi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Pradhan LK, Das SK. The Regulatory Role of Reticulons in Neurodegeneration: Insights Underpinning Therapeutic Potential for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:1157-1174. [PMID: 32504327 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00893-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, cytoplasmic organellar dysfunction, such as that of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), has created a new area of research interest towards the development of serious health maladies including neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the extensively dispersed family of ER-localized proteins, i.e. reticulons (RTNs), is gaining interest because of its regulative control over neural regeneration. As most neurodegenerative diseases are pathologically manifested with the accretion of misfolded proteins with subsequent induction of ER stress, the regulatory role of RTNs in neural dysfunction cannot be ignored. With the limited information available in the literature, delineation of the functional connection between rising consequences of neurodegenerative diseases and RTNs need to be elucidated. In this review, we provide a broad overview on the recently revealed regulatory roles of reticulons in the pathophysiology of several health maladies, with special emphasis on neurodegeneration. Additionally, we have also recapitulated the decisive role of RTN4 in neurite regeneration and highlighted how neurodegeneration and proteinopathies are mechanistically linked with each other through specific RTN paralogues. With the recent findings advocating zebrafish Rtn4b (a mammalian Nogo-A homologue) downregulation following central nervous system (CNS) lesion, RTNs provides new insight into the CNS regeneration. However, there are controversies with respect to the role of Rtn4b in zebrafish CNS regeneration. Given these controversies, the connection between the unique regenerative capabilities of zebrafish CNS by distinct compensatory mechanisms and Rtn4b signalling pathway could shed light on the development of new therapeutic strategies against serious neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilesh Kumar Pradhan
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed To Be University), Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India
| | - Saroj Kumar Das
- Neurobiology Laboratory, Centre for Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed To Be University), Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, 751003, India.
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26
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Schädel P, Troisi F, Czapka A, Gebert N, Pace S, Ori A, Werz O. Aging drives organ-specific alterations of the inflammatory microenvironment guided by immunomodulatory mediators in mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21558. [PMID: 33855766 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002684r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation, termed inflammaging, a main driver of age-associated diseases. Such sterile inflammation is typically characterized by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, chemokines and reactive oxygen species causing organ damage. Lipid mediators play important roles in the fine-tuning of both the promotion and the resolution of inflammation. Yet, it remains unclear how lipid mediators fit within the concept of inflammaging and how their biosynthesis and function is affected by aging. Here, we provide comprehensive signature profiles of inflammatory markers in organs afflicted with inflammation of young and old C57BL/6 mice. We reveal an organ-specific footprint of inflammation-related cytokines, chemokines and lipid mediators, which are distinctively affected by aging. While some organs are characterized by a pronounced pro-inflammatory microenvironment and impaired resolution during aging, others display elevated levels of pro-resolving mediators or an overall decrease in inflammatory signaling. Our results demonstrate that it proves difficult to establish a unifying concept for alterations of immunomodulatory mediators as consequence of aging and that organ specificity needs to be considered. Moreover, our data imply that inclusion of lipid mediators into the concept of inflammaging provides a comprehensive tool to characterize the inflammatory microenvironment during aging on a broader and yet, more detailed scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Schädel
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Fabiana Troisi
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.,Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Czapka
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Nadja Gebert
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Simona Pace
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandro Ori
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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Xie AW, Zacharias NA, Binder BYK, Murphy WL. Controlled aggregation enhances immunomodulatory potential of mesenchymal stromal cell aggregates. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:1184-1201. [PMID: 33818906 PMCID: PMC8284773 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are promising candidates for cell therapy due to their ease of isolation and expansion and their ability to secrete antiapoptotic, pro‐angiogenic, and immunomodulatory factors. Three‐dimensional (3D) aggregation “self‐activates” MSCs to augment their pro‐angiogenic and immunomodulatory potential, but the microenvironmental features and culture parameters that promote optimal MSC immunomodulatory function in 3D aggregates are poorly understood. Here, we generated MSC aggregates via three distinct methods and compared them with regard to their (a) aggregate structure and (b) immunomodulatory phenotype under resting conditions and in response to inflammatory stimulus. Methods associated with fast aggregation kinetics formed aggregates with higher cell packing density and reduced extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis compared to those with slow aggregation kinetics. While all three methods of 3D aggregation enhanced MSC expression of immunomodulatory factors compared to two‐dimensional culture, different aggregation methods modulated cells' temporal expression of these factors. A Design of Experiments approach, in which aggregate size and aggregation kinetics were systematically covaried, identified a significant effect of both parameters on MSCs' ability to regulate immune cells. Compared to small aggregates formed with fast kinetics, large aggregates with slow assembly kinetics were more effective at T‐cell suppression and macrophage polarization toward anti‐inflammatory phenotypes. Thus, culture parameters including aggregation method, kinetics, and aggregate size influence both the structural properties of aggregates and their paracrine immunomodulatory function. These findings underscore the utility of engineering strategies to control properties of 3D MSC aggregates, which may identify new avenues for optimizing the immunomodulatory function of MSC‐based cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela W Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nicholas A Zacharias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Bernard Y K Binder
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - William L Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Preclinical Studies. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030214. [PMID: 33802467 PMCID: PMC7999656 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 at the end of 2019, 64 candidate vaccines are in clinical development and 173 are in the pre-clinical phase. Five types of vaccines are currently approved for emergency use in many countries (Inactivated, Sinopharm; Viral-vector, Astrazeneca, and Gamaleya Research Institute; mRNA, Moderna, and BioNTech/Pfizer). The main challenge in this pandemic was the availability to produce an effective vaccine to be distributed to the world's population in a short time. Herein, we developed a whole virus NRC-VACC-01 inactivated candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and tested its safety and immunogenicity in laboratory animals. In the preclinical studies, we used four experimental animals (mice, rats, guinea pigs, and hamsters). Antibodies were detected as of week three post vaccination and continued up to week ten in the four experimental models. Safety evaluation of NRC-VACC-01 inactivated candidate vaccine in rats revealed that the vaccine was highly tolerable. By studying the effect of booster dose in the immunological profile of vaccinated mice, we observed an increase in neutralizing antibody titers after the booster shot, thus a booster dose was highly recommended after week three or four. Challenge infection of hamsters showed that the vaccinated group had lower morbidity and shedding than the control group. A phase I clinical trial will be performed to assess safety in human subjects.
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de Veras BO, de Oliveira JRS, de Menezes Lima VL, do Amaral Ferraz Navarro DM, de Oliveira Farias de Aguiar JCR, de Medeiros Moura GM, da Silva JW, de Assis CRD, Gorlach-Lira K, de Assis PAC, de Souza Barbosa JI, de Melo MRCS, de Oliveira MBM, da Silva MV, de Souza Lopes AC. The essential oil of the leaves of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities and is toxicologically safe. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113248. [PMID: 32805356 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake is a medicinal plant from South America, popularly known as "asa de peixe", "asa de peixe branco", "cambará branco" or "cambará guaçu", being used by traditional communities for its healing powers in the form of teas, infusions, liqueurs and extracts, for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts, such as kidney problems, bronchitis, inflammation and fever. However, none of the ethnopharmacological properties has been scientifically evaluated. AIM OF THE STUDY Based on the ethnopharmacological use of the species, this study investigated the chemical composition, and for the first time acute toxicity, hemolytic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the essential oil from leaves of V. macrophylla. MATERIAL AND METHODS The essential oil was obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation (HD), being characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution technique in bacteria and fungi that cause infections of the respiratory and urinary tract, and toxicological safety regarding hemolytic activity on human red blood cells (hRBCs), and acute toxicity in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the model carrageenan-induced peritonitis with quantification of the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the intraperitoneal fluid, and ear edema induced by croton oil. The antipyretic activity evaluated in mice with pyrexia induced by yeast. RESULTS The extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation (HD) showed a yield of 0.33 ± 0.04%, with its composition constituted mainly by sesquiterpenes of hydrocarbons (94.00%). The essential oil demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activity, with a low rate of hemolysis in human red blood cells (hRBCs) and no clinical signs of toxicity were observed in animals after acute treatment, which suggested that the LD50 is greater than 5000 mg/kg; p.o. The essential oil demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity reducing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α (38.83%, 72.42% and 73.52%) and IL-1β (37.70%, 75.92% and 87.71%), and ear edema by 49.53%, 85.04% and 94.39% at concentrations of 4, 40 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The antipyretic activity presented by the essential oil is statistically similar to dipyrone. CONCLUSION The set of results obtained, validates the main activities attributed to the traditional use of Verbesina macrophylla (Cass.) S.F.Blake. These data add industrial value to the species, considering that the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities present results similar to the drugs already used also presenting safety. The results suggest that essential oil from V. macrophylla may be used by industry for the development of drugs with natural antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Vera Lúcia de Menezes Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geovanna Maria de Medeiros Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Chemistry and Function of Bioactive Proteins, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - José Wellinton da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Caio Rodrigo Dias de Assis
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Krystyna Gorlach-Lira
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Biology Molecular of Microorganisms, Federal University of Paraiba, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Anne Castro de Assis
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Laboratory of Immunology and Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jorge Irapuan de Souza Barbosa
- Department of Biology, Herbarium Professor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Cabral Sales de Melo
- Department of Biology, Herbarium Professor Vasconcelos Sobrinho, Rural Federal University of Pernambuco, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina de Souza Lopes
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Psaila AM, Vohralik EJ, Quinlan KGR. Shades of white: new insights into tissue-resident leukocyte heterogeneity. FEBS J 2021; 289:308-318. [PMID: 33513286 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Populations of white blood cells (leukocytes) have been found in tissues and organs across the body, in states of both health and disease. The role leukocytes play within these tissues is often highly contested. For many leukocytes, there are studies outlining pro-inflammatory destructive functions, while other studies provide clear evidence of anti-inflammatory homeostatic activities of leukocytes within the same tissue. We discuss how this functional dissonance can be explained by leukocyte heterogeneity. Although cell morphology and surface receptor profiles are excellent methods to segregate cell types, the true degree of leukocyte heterogeneity that exists can only be appreciated by studying the variable and dynamic gene expression profile. Unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing profiling of tissue-resident leukocytes is transforming the way we understand leukocytes across health and disease. Recent investigations into adipose tissue-resident leukocytes have revealed unprecedented levels of heterogeneity among populations of macrophages. We use this example to pose emerging questions regarding tissue-resident leukocytes and review what is currently known (and unknown) about the diversity of tissue-resident leukocytes within different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalise M Psaila
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily J Vohralik
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kate G R Quinlan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Burgaletto C, Munafò A, Di Benedetto G, De Francisci C, Caraci F, Di Mauro R, Bucolo C, Bernardini R, Cantarella G. The immune system on the TRAIL of Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:298. [PMID: 33050925 PMCID: PMC7556967 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01968-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of neurons in specific regions of the central nervous system. Chronic activation of the immune cells resident in the brain, peripheral immune cell trafficking across the blood-brain barrier, and release of inflammatory and neurotoxic factors, appear critical contributors of the neuroinflammatory response that drives the progression of neurodegenerative processes in AD. As the neuro-immune network is impaired in course of AD, this review is aimed to point out the essential supportive role of innate and adaptive immune response either in normal brain as well as in brain recovery from injury. Since a fine-tuning of the immune response appears crucial to ensure proper nervous system functioning, we focused on the role of the TNF superfamily member, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which modulates both the innate and adaptive immune response in the pathogenesis of several immunological disorders and, in particular, in AD-related neuroinflammation. We here summarized mounting evidence of potential involvement of TRAIL signaling in AD pathogenesis, with the aim to provide clearer insights about potential novel therapeutic approaches in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Burgaletto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Munafò
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Di Benedetto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
| | - Cettina De Francisci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Di Mauro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, Italy.,Clinical Toxicology Unit, University Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, Italy. .,Clinical Toxicology Unit, University Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Cantarella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC), Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania, Italy
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Vinhaes CL, Sheikh V, Oliveira-de-Souza D, Wang J, Rupert A, Roby G, Arriaga MB, Fukutani KF, Sawe F, Shaffer D, Ananworanich J, Phanuphak N, Andrade BB, Sereti I. An Inflammatory Composite Score Predicts Mycobacterial Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in People with Advanced HIV: A Prospective International Cohort Study. J Infect Dis 2020; 223:1275-1283. [PMID: 32761193 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a common cause of morbidity among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) who initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) with severe lymphopenia. Easily accessible tools that reliably predict emergence and elucidate pathogenesis of IRIS are needed to facilitate improved clinical management. METHODS Plasma levels of biomarkers were measured before ART initiation in a large multinational cohort of ART-naive PWH with severe immunosuppression (CD4+ count <100 cells/mm3) in United States, Kenya, and Thailand. We performed a series of multiparametric analyses of inflammatory and clinical biomarkers and developed a composite score merging relevant biomarkers for use in a prediction model. RESULTS We identified a distinct baseline inflammatory profile and changes in inflammatory networks among biomarkers in participants who subsequently developed mycobacterial or viral IRIS. We also developed a composite score incorporating biomarkers associated with IRIS (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-10, IL-27, sCD14, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, hyaluronic acid, D-dimer, body mass index, and hemoglobin) that accurately predicted mycobacterial IRIS and death in this cohort. CONCLUSIONS Systemic inflammatory profiles in PWH with severe immunosuppression are predictive of IRIS. Composite scores for the prediction of mycobacterial IRIS and death could be useful for risk stratification in PWH and lymphopenia initiating ART. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT00286767.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caian L Vinhaes
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Virginia Sheikh
- National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Deivide Oliveira-de-Souza
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Jing Wang
- National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam Rupert
- National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregg Roby
- National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - María B Arriaga
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Kiyoshi F Fukutani
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Fred Sawe
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Henry Jackson Foundation Medical Research International, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Doug Shaffer
- Kenya Medical Research Institute, Henry Jackson Foundation Medical Research International, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- South East Asia Research Collaboration with Hawaii, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, United States Military HIV Research Program, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Bruno B Andrade
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Universidade Salvador, Laureate Universities, Salvador, Brazil.,Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Irini Sereti
- National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Akhtar M, Guo S, Guo YF, Zahoor A, Shaukat A, Chen Y, Umar T, Deng PG, Guo M. Upregulated-gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) via TLRs following NF-κB and MAPKs in bovine mastitis. Acta Trop 2020; 207:105458. [PMID: 32243879 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is the inflammation of mammary glands which causes huge economic loss in dairy cows. Inflammation, any tissue injury and pathogens in cow udder activate Toll-like Receptors (TLRs). Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the major cause of mastitis. In mastitis, activated TLRs initiate the NF-κB/MAPKs pathways which further trigger the gene expression associated with mastitis followed by innate immune response. In this study, pathogenic-induced gene expression profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mammary gland tissues, was investigated in mastitis. The Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) results indicated severe histopathological changes in infected tissues. Western blot results suggested the over expressions of TLR2/TLR4 with NF-κB/MAPKs pathways activation in infected tissues. qRT-PCR results revealed the gene expression associated with TLR2/TLR4-mediated NF-κB/MAPKs pathways in infected tissues in comparison with non-infected. Statistical analysis of mRNA and relative protein expression levels indicated the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in infected tissues rather than non-infected tissues. These results suggested that the up-regulation of gene expression levels implicated the underlying regulatory pathways for proper immune function in mammary glands. In conclusion, our study might give new insights for investigation and better understanding of mammary gland pathophysiology and TLRs and NF-κB/MAPKs-mediated gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Weerasekera D, Fastner T, Lang R, Burkovski A, Ott L. Of mice and men: Interaction of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains with murine and human phagocytes. Virulence 2020; 10:414-428. [PMID: 31057086 PMCID: PMC6527023 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2019.1614384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven non-toxigenic C. diphtheriae strains and one toxigenic strain were analyzed with regard to their interaction with murine macrophages (BMM) and human THP-1 macrophage-like cells. Proliferation assays with BMM and THP-1 revealed similar intracellular CFUs for C. diphtheriae strains independent of the host cell. Strain ISS4060 showed highest intracellular CFUs, while the toxigenic DSM43989 was almost not detectable. This result was confirmed by TLR 9 reporter assays, showing a low signal for DSM43989, indicating that the bacteria are not endocytosed. In contrast, the non-pathogenic C. glutamicum showed almost no intracellular CFUs independent of the host cell, but was recognized by TLR9, indicating that the bacteria were degraded immediately after endocytosis. In terms of G-CSF and IL-6 production, no significant differences between BMM and THP-1 were observed. G-CSF production was considerably higher than IL-6 for all C. diphtheriae strains and the C. glutamicum did not induce high cytokine secretion in general. Furthermore, all corynebacteria investigated in this study were able to induce NFκB signaling but only viable C. diphtheriae strains were able to cause host cell damage, whereas C. glutamicum did not. The absence of Mincle resulted in reduced G-CSF production, while no influence on the uptake of the bacteria was observed. In contrast, when MyD88 was absent, both the uptake of the bacteria and cytokine production were blocked. Consequently, phagocytosis only occurs when the TLR/MyD88 pathway is functional, which was also supported by showing that all corynebacteria used in this study interact with human TLR2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulanthi Weerasekera
- a Department Biologie , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Tamara Fastner
- a Department Biologie , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Roland Lang
- b Institut für Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universtitätsklinikum Erlangen , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Andreas Burkovski
- a Department Biologie , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Lisa Ott
- a Department Biologie , Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
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Aiello S, Podestà MA, Rodriguez-Ordonez PY, Pezzuto F, Azzollini N, Solini S, Carrara C, Todeschini M, Casiraghi F, Noris M, Remuzzi G, Benigni A. Transplantation-Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Modulates Antigen Presentation by Donor Renal CD11c +F4/80 + Macrophages through IL-1R8 Regulation. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:517-531. [PMID: 31988271 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019080778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In donor kidneys subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury during kidney transplant, phagocytes coexpressing the F4/80 and CD11c molecules mediate proinflammatory responses and trigger adaptive immunity in transplantation through antigen presentation. After injury, however, resident renal macrophages coexpressing these surface markers acquire a proreparative phenotype, which is pivotal in controlling inflammation and fibrosis. No data are currently available regarding the effects of transplant-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury on the ability of donor-derived resident renal macrophages to act as professional antigen-presenting cells. METHODS We evaluated the phenotype and function of intragraft CD11c+F4/80+ renal macrophages after cold ischemia. We also assessed the modifications of donor renal macrophages after reversible ischemia-reperfusion injury in a mouse model of congeneic renal transplantation. To investigate the role played by IL-1R8, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies comparing cells and grafts from wild-type and IL-R8-deficient donors. RESULTS Cold ischemia and reversible ischemia-reperfusion injury dampened antigen presentation by renal macrophages, skewed their polarization toward the M2 phenotype, and increased surface expression of IL-1R8, diminishing activation mediated by toll-like receptor 4. Ischemic IL-1R8-deficient donor renal macrophages acquired an M1 phenotype, effectively induced IFNγ and IL-17 responses, and failed to orchestrate tissue repair, resulting in severe graft fibrosis and aberrant humoral immune responses. CONCLUSIONS IL-1R8 is a key regulator of donor renal macrophage functions after ischemia-reperfusion injury, crucial to guiding the phenotype and antigen-presenting role of these cells. It may therefore represent an intriguing pathway to explore with respect to modulating responses against autoantigens and alloantigens after kidney transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sistiana Aiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Manuel Alfredo Podestà
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Pamela Y Rodriguez-Ordonez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Francesca Pezzuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Nadia Azzollini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Samantha Solini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Camillo Carrara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Marta Todeschini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Federica Casiraghi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Marina Noris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and.,L. Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Bergamo, Italy; and
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Duvigneau JC, Luís A, Gorman AM, Samali A, Kaltenecker D, Moriggl R, Kozlov AV. Crosstalk between inflammatory mediators and endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver diseases. Cytokine 2019; 124:154577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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37
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Potential new therapies against a toxic relationship: neuroinflammation and Parkinson’s disease. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 30:676-688. [DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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38
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Jaćević V, Nepovimova E, Kuča K. Acute Toxic Injuries of Rat's Visceral Tissues Induced by Different Oximes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16425. [PMID: 31712702 PMCID: PMC6848205 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52768-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain AChE reactivators, asoxime, obidoxime, K027, K048, and K075, when taken in overdoses and sometimes even when introduced within therapeutic ranges, may injure the different organs. As a continuation of previously published data, in this study, Wistar rats have sacrificed 24 hrs and 7 days after single im application of 0.1LD50, 0.5LD50 and 1.0LD50 of each reactivator, and examinated tissue samples were obtained for pathohistological and semiquantitative analysis. A severity of tissue alteration, expressed as different tissue damage scores were evaluated. Morphological structure of examinated tissues treated with of 0.1LD50 of all reactivators was comparable with the control group of rats. Moderate injuries were seen in visceral tissues treated with 0.5LD50 of asoxime, obidoxime and K027. Acute damages were enlarged after treatment with 0.5LD50 and 1.0LD50 of all reactivators during the next 7 days. The most prominent changes were seen in rats treated with 1.0LD50 of K048 and K075 (P < 0.001 vs. control and asoxime-treated group). All reactivators given by a single, high, unitary dose regimen, have an adverse effect not only on the main visceral tissue, but on the whole rat as well, but the exact mechanism of cellular injury remains to be confirmed in further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Jaćević
- National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czechia.
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Lee SJ, Wang HJ, Kim TH, Choi JS, Kulkarni G, Jackson JD, Atala A, Yoo JJ. In Situ Tissue Regeneration of Renal Tissue Induced by Collagen Hydrogel Injection. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 7:241-250. [PMID: 29380564 PMCID: PMC5788870 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Host stem/progenitor cells can be mobilized and recruited to a target location using biomaterials, and these cells may be used for in situ tissue regeneration. The objective of this study was to investigate whether host biologic resources could be used to regenerate renal tissue in situ. Collagen hydrogel was injected into the kidneys of normal mice, and rat kidneys that had sustained ischemia/reperfusion injury. After injection, the kidneys of both animal models were examined up to 4 weeks for host tissue response. The infiltrating host cells present within the injection regions expressed renal stem/progenitor cell markers, PAX‐2, CD24, and CD133, as well as mesenchymal stem cell marker, CD44. The regenerated renal structures were identified by immunohistochemistry for renal cell specific markers, including synaptopodin and CD31 for glomeruli and cytokeratin and neprilysin for tubules. Quantitatively, the number of glomeruli found in the injected regions was significantly higher when compared to normal regions of renal cortex. This phenomenon occurred in normal and ischemic injured kidneys. Furthermore, the renal function after ischemia/reperfusion injury was recovered after collagen hydrogel injection. These results demonstrate that introduction of biomaterials into the kidney is able to facilitate the regeneration of glomerular and tubular structures in normal and injured kidneys. Such an approach has the potential to become a simple and effective treatment for patients with renal failure. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2018;7:241–250
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Hung-Jen Wang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University Collagen of Medicine, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tae-Hyoung Kim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin San Choi
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gauri Kulkarni
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - John D Jackson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - James J Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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Morales-Garcia JA, Alonso-Gil S, Santos Á, Perez-Castillo A. Phosphodiesterase 7 Regulation in Cellular and Rodent Models of Parkinson's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:806-822. [PMID: 31473904 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01745-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral midbrain. This disease is diagnosed when around 50% of these neurons have already died; consequently, therapeutic treatments start too late. Therefore, an urgent need exists to find new targets involved in the onset and progression of the disease. Phosphodiesterase 7 (PDE7) is a key enzyme involved in the degradation of intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate in different cell types; however, little is known regarding its role in neurodegenerative diseases, and specifically in Parkinson's disease. We have previously shown that chemical as well as genetic inhibition of this enzyme results in neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory activity in different models of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Here, we have used in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease to study the regulation of PDE7 protein levels. Our results show that PDE7 is upregulated after an injury both in the human dopaminergic cell line SH-SY5Y and in primary rat mesencephalic cultures and after lipopolysaccharide or 6-hidroxydopamine injection in the Substantia nigra pars compacta of adult mice. PDE7 increase takes place mainly in degenerating dopaminergic neurons and in microglia cells. This enhanced expression appears to be direct since 6-hydroxydopamine and lipopolysaccharide increase the expression of a 962-bp fragment of its promoter. Taking together, these results reveal an essential function for PDE7 in the pathways leading to neurodegeneration and inflammatory-mediated brain damage and suggest novel roles for PDE7 in neurodegenerative diseases, specifically in PD, opening the door for new therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose A Morales-Garcia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sandra Alonso-Gil
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Santos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, UCM, Avda. Complutense s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Perez-Castillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Valderrebollo, 5, 28031, Madrid, Spain.
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Bittencourt JAHM, Neto MFA, Lacerda PS, Bittencourt RCVS, Silva RC, Lobato CC, Silva LB, Leite FHA, Zuliani JP, Rosa JMC, Borges RS, Santos CBR. In Silico Evaluation of Ibuprofen and Two Benzoylpropionic Acid Derivatives with Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:E1476. [PMID: 30991684 PMCID: PMC6515000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex reaction involving cellular and molecular components and an unspecific response to a specific aggression. The use of scientific and technological innovations as a research tool combining multidisciplinary knowledge in informatics, biotechnology, chemistry and biology are essential for optimizing time and reducing costs in the drug design. Thus, the integration of these in silico techniques makes it possible to search for new anti-inflammatory drugs with better pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles compared to commercially used drugs. This in silico study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of two benzoylpropionic acid derivatives (MBPA and DHBPA) using molecular docking and their thermodynamic profiles by molecular dynamics, in addition to predicting oral bioavailability, bioactivity and toxicity. In accordance to our predictions the derivatives proposed here had the potential capacity for COX-2 inhibition in the human and mice enzyme, due to containing similar interactions with the control compound (ibuprofen). Ibuprofen showed toxic predictions of hepatotoxicity (in human, mouse and rat; toxicophoric group 2-arylacetic or 3-arylpropionic acid) and irritation of the gastrointestinal tract (in human, mouse and rat; toxicophoric group alpha-substituted propionic acid or ester) confirming the literature data, as well as the efficiency of the DEREK 10.0.2 program. Moreover, the proposed compounds are predicted to have a good oral bioavailability profile and low toxicity (LD50 < 700 mg/kg) and safety when compared to the commercial compound. Therefore, future studies are necessary to confirm the anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A H M Bittencourt
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
| | - Moysés F A Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana-BA 44036-900, Brazil.
| | - Pedro S Lacerda
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Barão de Jeremoabo Street, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil.
| | - Renata C V S Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
| | - Rai C Silva
- Computational Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. do Café, s/n - Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Cleison C Lobato
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-PA 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Luciane B Silva
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
| | - Franco H A Leite
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana-BA 44036-900, Brazil.
| | - Juliana P Zuliani
- Laboratory Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR-364, Porto Velho-RO 78912-000, Brazil.
| | - Joaquín M C Rosa
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Biosanitary Research ibs.GRANADA. University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Rosivaldo S Borges
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-PA 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Cleydson B R Santos
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-PA 66075-110, Brazil.
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Thomas N, Gurvich C, Kulkarni J. Sex Differences in Aging and Associated Biomarkers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1178:57-76. [PMID: 31493222 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25650-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a natural process defined by the gradual, time-dependent decline of biological and behavioural functions, for which individuals of the same chronological age show variability. The capacity of biological systems to continuously adjust for optimal functioning despite ever changing environments is essential for healthy aging, and variability in these adaptive homeostatic mechanisms may reflect such heterogeneity in the aging process. With an ever-increasing aging population, interest in biomarkers of aging is growing. Although no universally accepted definition of biomarkers of healthy aging exists, mediators of homeostasis are consistently used as measures of the aging process. As important sex differences are known to underlie many of these systems, it is imperative to consider that this may reflect, to some extent, the sex differences observed in aging and age-related disease states. This chapter aims to outline sex differences in key homeostatic domains thought to be associated with the pathophysiology of aging, often proposed as biomarkers of aging and age-related disease states. This includes considering sex-based differences and hormonal status with regards to the gonadal and adrenal endocrine systems and immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Thomas
- Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Caroline Gurvich
- Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jayashri Kulkarni
- Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Tian T, Coons J, Chang H, Chwals WJ. Overfeeding-associated hyperglycemia and injury-response homeostasis in critically ill neonates. J Pediatr Surg 2018; 53:1688-1691. [PMID: 29550034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury severity induces a proportionate acute metabolic stress response, associated with increased risk of hyperglycemia. We hypothesized that excess caloric delivery (overfeeding) during high stress states would increase hyperglycemia and disrupt response homeostasis. METHODS Gestational age, daily weight, total daily caloric intake, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), prealbumin, and blood glucose concentrations in all acutely-injured premature NICU infants requiring TPN over the past 3years were reviewed. Injury severity was based on CRP and patients were divided into high (CRP ≥50mg/L) versus low (CRP <50mg/L) stress groups. Glycemic variability was used to measure disruption of homeostasis. RESULTS Overall sample included N=563 patient days (37 patients; 42 episodes). High stress group pre-albumin levels negatively correlated with CRP levels (R=-0.62, p<0.005). A test of equal variance demonstrated significantly increased high stress glycemic variability (Ha:ratio>1, Pr(F>f)=0.0353). When high stress patients were separated into high caloric intake (≥70kg/kcal/day) versus low caloric intake (<70kg/kcal/day), maximum serum glucose levels were significantly higher with overfeeding (230.33±55.81 vs. 135.71±37.97mg/dL, p<0.004). CONCLUSION Higher injury severity induces increased disruption of response homeostasis in critically ill neonates. TPN-associated overfeeding worsens injury-related hyperglycemia in more severely injured infants. TYPE OF STUDY Retrospective study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Tian
- Tufts University School of Medicine, 145 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - Joshua Coons
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Tufts Floating Hospital for Children, 755 Washington St, Boston, MA 02116, USA.
| | - Hong Chang
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, 35 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Walter J Chwals
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Tufts Floating Hospital for Children, 755 Washington St, Boston, MA 02116, USA.
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Associations of blood mitochondrial DNA copy number with social-demographics and cancer risk: results from the Mano-A-Mano Mexican American Cohort. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25491-25502. [PMID: 29876003 PMCID: PMC5986640 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between blood mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and subsequent cancer risk has been investigated previously. However, such association has never been examined in Mexican Americans. In the current study, we examined association between social-demographic factors and blood mtDNA copy number, as well as longitudinal relationship between cancer and mtDNA copy number, among 10,802 Mexican Americans in the Mano-A-Mano Mexican American Cohort. Overall, mtDNA copy number was statistically significantly higher among participants who developed cancer during the study period than among cancer-free controls (0.17 vs 0.13, P = 0.007). Among cancer-free control participants, mtDNA copy number significantly differed by social-demographic characteristics. However, there was a large degree of heterogeneity in these effects across the mtDNA copy number distribution. In the longitudinal analysis, we observed that higher mtDNA copy number was positively associated with increased risk of all cancer types (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–1.17). Participants with mtDNA copy number in the fourth (highest) quartile had a higher risk of all cancer (adjusted HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.65–2.73) than did participants in the first (lowest) quartile. In summary, our results in Mexican Americans support an association between increased mtDNA copy number and cancer risk. Our results also suggest that mtDNA copy number may be influenced by social and demographic factors.
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Anders HJ, Suarez-Alvarez B, Grigorescu M, Foresto-Neto O, Steiger S, Desai J, Marschner JA, Honarpisheh M, Shi C, Jordan J, Müller L, Burzlaff N, Bäuerle T, Mulay SR. The macrophage phenotype and inflammasome component NLRP3 contributes to nephrocalcinosis-related chronic kidney disease independent from IL-1–mediated tissue injury. Kidney Int 2018; 93:656-669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Wirth MD, Sevoyan M, Hofseth L, Shivappa N, Hurley TG, Hébert JR. The Dietary Inflammatory Index is associated with elevated white blood cell counts in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 69:296-303. [PMID: 29217263 PMCID: PMC5857420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
White blood cells (WBCs) are considered a reliable biomarker of inflammation. Elevations in both WBCs and pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with several chronic conditions. Diet is a strong moderator of inflammation and WBCs. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and WBCs using data from the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). NHANES is a cross-sectional study that occurs in two-year cycles. Respondents from five cycles (n = 26,046) with available data on diet (collected through a single 24-h dietary recall [24HR]) and WBCs (derived using the Coulter method) were included. The DII (theoretical range is about -8 to +8) was derived from the micro and macronutrients calculated from the 24HR. Linear regression models, using survey design procedures, were used to estimate adjusted mean WBC (i.e., total, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils) counts and percentages by DII quartiles. Among all participants no statistically significant difference in WBCs were observed when comparing DII quartile 4 (most pro-inflammatory) to quartile 1 (most anti-inflammatory). However, a one-unit increase in the DII was associated with a 0.028 (1000 per µL) increase in total WBCs (p = .01). Additionally, a 0.024 increase in neutrophils (p < .01) was observed for a one-unit increase in the DII. In the group of participants with normal body mass index (BMI, 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), those in DII quartile 4 had higher levels of total WBCs compared to subjects with normal BMI in DII quartile 1 (7.12 vs. 6.88, p = .01). Similar comparisons were observed for monocytes and neutrophils. However, these relationships were not observed for participants who were overweight or obese, which are pro-inflammatory conditions. Normal-weight individuals consuming more pro-inflammatory diets were more likely to have elevated WBCs. Because of its cross-sectional design, NHANES cannot inform directly on temporal relations, thus limiting causal inference. Future research is needed to examine the impact of anti-inflammatory diet adoption on lowering levels of WBCs, in addition to other inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Wirth
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208,Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Maria Sevoyan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Lorne Hofseth
- University of South Carolina, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, 715 Sumter Street, CLS 513B, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208,Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Thomas G. Hurley
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - James R. Hébert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208,Connecting Health Innovations, LLC, 915 Greene Street, Suite 200, Columbia, SC 29208
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Stama ML, Lacivita E, Kirpotina LN, Niso M, Perrone R, Schepetkin IA, Quinn MT, Leopoldo M. Functional N-Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 (FPR2) Antagonists Based on the Ureidopropanamide Scaffold Have Potential To Protect Against Inflammation-Associated Oxidative Stress. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:1839-1847. [PMID: 28922577 PMCID: PMC5909973 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) is a G protein coupled receptor belonging to the N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) family that plays critical roles in peripheral and brain inflammatory responses. FPR2 has been proposed as a target for the development of drugs that could facilitate the resolution of chronic inflammatory reactions by enhancing endogenous anti-inflammation systems. Starting from lead compounds previously identified in our laboratories, we designed a new series of ureidopropanamide derivatives with the goal of converting functional activity from agonism into antagonism and to develop new FPR2 antagonists. Although none of the compounds behaved as antagonists, some of the compounds were able to induce receptor desensitization and, thus, functionally behaved as antagonists. Evaluation of these compounds in an in vitro model of neuroinflammation showed that they decreased the production of reactive oxygen species in mouse microglial N9 cells after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide. These FPR2 ligands may protect cells from damage due to inflammation-associated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madia L. Stama
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Enza Lacivita
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Liliya N. Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Mauro Niso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Perrone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia - Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Devarapu SK, Grill JF, Xie J, Weidenbusch M, Honarpisheh M, Vielhauer V, Anders HJ, Mulay SR. Tumor necrosis factor superfamily ligand mRNA expression profiles differ between humans and mice during homeostasis and between various murine kidney injuries. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:77. [PMID: 28927419 PMCID: PMC5606058 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several tumour necrosis factor (TNF) based therapeutics have already been approved for human use and several others are emerging. Therefore, we determined the mRNA expression levels of the TNF superfamily ligands (TNFSF) - e.g. TNF-α, lymphotoxin (LT)-α, LT-β, Fas-L (CD95-L), TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), 4-1BBL, OX40-L (CD252) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in healthy human and mouse solid organs. METHODS We used quantitative real time-PCR to analyse mRNA expression levels of TNFSF ligands. Murine models of acute ischemic renal injury, chronic oxalate nephropathy, and immune complex glomerulonephritis were used. Renal injury was assessed by PAS staining, and infiltrating immune cells were analysed by immunohistochemistry. Data was analysed using non-parametric ANOVA (non-parametric; Kruskal-Wallis test). RESULTS We observed significant differences in the mRNA expression levels of TNFSF ligands in human and mouse solid organs. Furthermore, we determined their mRNA expressions during acute and chronic kidney injuries in mice. Our data demonstrate that the mRNA expression levels of TNFSF vary depending on the type of tissue injury - for example, acute ischemic renal injury, chronic crystalline nephropathy, and immune complex glomerulonephritis. In addition, we observed that mRNA expressions of TNFSF ligands are differentially regulated during the course of a transient ischemic renal injury (IRI) and chronic kidney modelling. We observed that TNF-α, LT-β, and 4-1BBL were significantly upregulated during the progression of IRI and crystal-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD), whereas only 4-1BBL and TNF-α were significantly upregulated and LT-β was significantly downregulated during the progression of immune complex glomerulonephritis. The mRNA expression of Fas-L was higher during IRI whereas it decreased in a time dependent manner during the progression of crystal-induced CKD. CONCLUSION We conclude that the injury- and species-specific differences of TNFSF ligands must be considered in order to avoid the misinterpretation and wrong conclusions during data extrapolation between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Devarapu
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Felicitas Grill
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Junhui Xie
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Marc Weidenbusch
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Mohsen Honarpisheh
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Volker Vielhauer
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Anders
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Shrikant R Mulay
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany. .,Nephrologisches Zentrum, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Schillerstr. 42, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
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Zaccagnini G, Maimone B, Fuschi P, Maselli D, Spinetti G, Gaetano C, Martelli F. Overexpression of miR-210 and its significance in ischemic tissue damage. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9563. [PMID: 28842599 PMCID: PMC5573334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-induced miR-210 displays a pro-survival, cytoprotective and pro-angiogenic role in several in vitro systems. In vivo, we previously found that miR-210 inhibition increases ischemic damage. Here we describe the generation of a versatile transgenic mouse model allowing the evaluation of miR-210 therapeutic potential in ischemic cardiovascular diseases. We generated a Tet-On miR-210 transgenic mouse strain (TG-210) by targeted transgenesis in the ROSA26 locus. To functionally validate miR-210 transgenic mice, hindlimb ischemia was induced by femoral artery dissection. Blood perfusion was evaluated by power Doppler while tissue damage and inflammation were assessed by histological evaluation. We found that miR-210 levels were rapidly increased in TG-210 mice upon doxycycline administration. miR-210 overexpression was maintained over time and remained within physiological levels in multiple tissues. When hindlimb ischemia was induced, miR-210 overexpression protected from both muscular and vascular ischemic damage, decreased inflammatory cells density and allowed to maintain a better calf perfusion. In conclusion, we generated and functionally validated a miR-210 transgenic mouse model. Albeit validated in the context of a specific cardiovascular ischemic disease, miR-210 transgenic mice may also represent a useful model to assess the function of miR-210 in other physio-pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zaccagnini
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Policlinico San Donato-IRCCS, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - B Maimone
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Policlinico San Donato-IRCCS, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - P Fuschi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Policlinico San Donato-IRCCS, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - D Maselli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, MultiMedica-IRCCS, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - G Spinetti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, MultiMedica-IRCCS, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - C Gaetano
- Division of Cardiovascular Epigenetics, Department of Cardiology, Internal Medicine Clinic III, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - F Martelli
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Policlinico San Donato-IRCCS, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
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Chang YK, Kim DE, Cho SH, Kim JH. Association between Leukocyte Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Regular Exercise in Postmenopausal Women. Korean J Fam Med 2016; 37:334-339. [PMID: 27900071 PMCID: PMC5122665 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2016.37.6.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that habitual exercise can improve skeletal mitochondrial function; however, to date, the association between exercise and mitochondrial function in peripheral leukocytes has not been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between regular exercise and mitochondrial function by measuring leukocyte mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in postmenopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 144 relatively healthy, non-diabetic, non-smoking, postmenopausal women. Clinical parameters, including anthropometric measurements and cardio-metabolic parameters, were assessed. Regular exercise was defined as at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity activity, or an equivalent combination of moderate and vigorous-intensity activity, over a duration of at least 6 months. Leukocyte mtDNA copy numbers were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction assays, and these were normalized to the β-globin copy number to give the relative mtDNA copy number. RESULTS The mtDNA copy number of peripheral leukocytes was significantly greater in the exercise group (1.33±0.02) than in the no exercise group (1.05±0.02, P<0.01). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that regular exercise was independently associated with mtDNA copy number (β=0.25, P<0.01) after adjusting for the variables age, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance value, and levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and homocysteine. CONCLUSION Regular exercise is associated with greater leukocyte mtDNA copy number in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kyung Chang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Eun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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