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Peña-Montes DJ, Huerta-Cervantes M, Riveros-Rosas H, Manzo-Avalos S, Aguilera-Méndez A, Huerta M, Trujillo X, Cortés-Rojo C, Montoya-Pérez R, Salgado-Garciglia R, Saavedra-Molina A. Iron chelation mitigates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress by enhancing nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses in the renal cortex of a murine model of type 2 diabetes. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101937. [PMID: 39004262 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Renal iron overload is a common complication of diabetes that leads to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the kidneys. This study investigated the effects of iron chelation using deferiprone on mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the renal cortex of a murine model of type 2 diabetes. Diabetic rats were treated with deferiprone (50 mg/kg BW) for 16 weeks. Our results show that iron chelation with deferiprone significantly increased the nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of antioxidant enzymes. This led to enhanced antioxidant capacity, reduced production of reactive oxygen species, and improved mitochondrial bioenergetic function in diabetic rats. However, chronic iron chelation led to altered mitochondrial respiration and increased oxidative stress in non-diabetic rats. In conclusion, our findings suggest that iron chelation with deferiprone protects mitochondrial bioenergetics and mitigates oxidative stress in the renal cortex, involving the NRF2 pathway in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan J Peña-Montes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico
| | | | - Héctor Riveros-Rosas
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - Salvador Manzo-Avalos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Asdrubal Aguilera-Méndez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Miguel Huerta
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Mexico
| | - Xóchitl Trujillo
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Mexico
| | - Christian Cortés-Rojo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Rocío Montoya-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Rafael Salgado-Garciglia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico.
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Ojo OA, Oladepo FS, Ogunlakin AD, Ayokunle DI, Odugbemi AI, Babatunde DE, Ojo AB, Ajayi-Odoko OA, Ajiboye BO, Dahunsi SO. Spilanthes filicaulis (Schumach. & Thonn.) C. D Adam leaf extract prevents assault of streptozotocin on liver cells via inhibition of oxidative stress and activation of the NrF2/Keap1, PPARγ, and PTP1B signaling pathways. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306039. [PMID: 38924022 PMCID: PMC11207034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spilanthes filicaulis (Schumach. & Thonn.) C. D Adam is a shrubby plant of the Asteraceae family that has medicinal benefits for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Spilanthes filicaulis leaf extract in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model and the associated signaling pathways. METHODS A sample of 25 male Wistar rats was randomly assigned to groups I, II, III, IV, and V. Each group included five animals, i.e., control rats, diabetic control rats, diabetic rats treated with metformin, and diabetic rats treated with 150 mg/kg/bw and 300 mg/kg/bw of the methanolic extract of S. filicaulis leaves (MESFL). Treatment was administered for 15 successive days via oral gavage. After 15 days, the rats were evaluated for fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (MDA), hexokinase, and glucose-6-phosphatase activities. Gene expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and the antiapoptotic protein caspase-3 were examined. RESULTS MESFL was administered to diabetic rats, and changes in body weight, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c were restored. Furthermore, in diabetic rats, S. filicaulis significantly reduced the levels of triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and significantly increased HDL. S. filicaulis improved ALT, AST, and ALP enzyme activity in diabetic rats. MDA levels decreased considerably with increasing activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GST, SOD, CAT and GSH, in diabetic liver rats treated with S. filicaulis. Diabetic rats treated with MESFL and metformin exhibited upregulated mRNA expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) mRNA expression in the liver was downregulated in diabetic rats treated with MESFL and metformin. In addition, MESFL downregulated the mRNA expression of caspase-3 in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION It can be concluded from the data presented in this study that MESFL exerts a protective effect on diabetic rats due to its antidiabetic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and antiapoptotic effects and may be considered a treatment for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Biochemistry Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Fiyinfoluwa Stephen Oladepo
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Biochemistry Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Akingbolabo Daniel Ogunlakin
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Biochemistry Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | | | - Adeshina Isaiah Odugbemi
- Phytomedicine, Molecular Toxicology and Computational Biochemistry Research Laboratory (PMTCB-RL), Biochemistry Programme, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
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Prasad MK, Victor PS, Ganesh GV, Juttada U, Kumpatla S, Viswanathan V, Ramkumar KM. Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Suppresses Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy Through Nrf2 Signaling: A Clinical and Experimental Study. J Clin Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38831713 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is marked by heightened endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and oxidative stress (OS) due to protein misfolding and free radical generation. We investigated the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), canagliflozin (Cana), in alleviating ERS and OS in DN patients and THP-1 cells under hyperglycemic condition. A total of 120 subjects were divided into four groups, with 30 subjects in each group: healthy controls, T2DM individuals, DN patients receiving standard treatment, and those treated with Cana. The control group had no history of diabetes, cardiovascular or renal diseases, or other comorbidities. Cana was administered at doses of either 100 or 300 mg per day based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) value of DN individuals, with a mean follow-up of 6 months. Additionally, THP-1 monocytes were exposed to HGM (33.3 mM glucose with a cytokine cocktail of TNF-α and IFN-γ at 50 ng/mL each) to evaluate the relative levels of ERS, OS markers, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the transcription factor regulating cellular redox, which is downregulated in diabetes. Our results revealed that ERS markers GRP78 and PERK, as well as OS markers TXNIP and p22phox, were elevated in both DN patients and HGM-treated THP-1 monocytes and were reduced by Cana intervention. Furthermore, Cana regulated the phosphorylation of Nrf2, Akt, and EIF2α in HGM-treated monocytes. In conclusion, our findings highlight the role of Cana in activating Nrf2, thereby attenuating ERS and OS to mitigate DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murali Krishna Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Paul S Victor
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Goutham V Ganesh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Udayama Juttada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Prof. M. Viswanathan's Diabetes Research Center, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, Royapuram Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Satyavani Kumpatla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Prof. M. Viswanathan's Diabetes Research Center, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, Royapuram Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Vijay Viswanathan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Prof. M. Viswanathan's Diabetes Research Center, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, Royapuram Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India
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Edward OC, Jeong DY, Yang HJ, Han A, Cha YS. Doenjang Ameliorates Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Hepatic Oxidative Damage by Improving Lipid Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in ICR Mice. Foods 2024; 13:1471. [PMID: 38790771 PMCID: PMC11120292 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated cholesterol, lipids, and triglycerides in the bloodstream, is linked to hepatic oxidative damage. Doenjang, a traditional Korean condiment made from fermented soybeans, is known for its health benefits, yet its anti-hyperlipidemic effects remain understudied. Our study aimed to assess the hypolipidemic and hepatic protective effects of Doenjang on male ICR mice fed a high-fat cholesterol diet for 8 weeks. Mice were divided into three groups: the normal diet (ND), the high-fat cholesterol diet (HD), and the Doenjang-supplemented HD diet (DS) group. Doenjang supplementation significantly regulated total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol levels compared to the HD group. It also downregulated lipogenic genes, including PPARγ, FAS, and ACC, and positively influenced the cholesterol metabolism-related genes HMGCR and LXR. Moreover, Doenjang intake increased serum glutathione levels, activated oxidative stress defense genes (NRF2, SOD, GPx1, and CAT), positively modulated inflammation genes (NF-kB and IL6) in hepatic tissue, and reduced malondialdehyde levels. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of traditional Doenjang in preventing diet-induced hyperlipidemia and protecting against hepatic oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivet Chiamaka Edward
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (O.C.E.)
| | - Do-Youn Jeong
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI), Sunchang 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jong Yang
- Microbial Institute for Fermentation Industry (MIFI), Sunchang 56048, Republic of Korea
| | - Anna Han
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (O.C.E.)
- K-Food Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Soo Cha
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (O.C.E.)
- K-Food Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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Mohamed DA, Fouda K, Mabrok HB, El-Shamarka ME, Hamed IM. Sourdough bread as nutritional intervention tool for improvement of cognitive dysfunction in diabetic rats. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:53. [PMID: 38528644 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current research targeted to study the impact of nutritional intervention by two sourdough breads in improvement of cognitive dysfunction in diabetic rats. METHODS Type-2 diabetes was induced in rats by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide (STZ-NC). Diabetic rats were fed on balanced diet or balanced diet containing 20% of sourdough bread I or II for a month. Lipid profile, oxidative stress, inflammatory markers and cognitive functions were assessed in all rats. Gene expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2) were assessed in hippocampal tissue, while expression of phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (PEPCK), and glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) genes were evaluated in hepatic tissue. Chemical composition and fatty acids profile were evaluated in the prepared sourdough bread. RESULTS Sourdough bread II showed higher content of phenolic compounds, fat, fiber and carbohydrates. Fatty acids profile revealed that sourdough bread I was higher in saturated fatty acids (16.08%), while sourdough bread sample II was higher in unsaturated fatty acids (79.33%). Sourdough bread I or II feeding rats' showed significant improvement in hyperglycemia, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory markers, lipid profile, liver and kidney functions in association with improvement in cognitive function. Gene expression of BDNF and NRF2 in hippocampal tissue were increased significantly, while hepatic GLUT2 and PEPCK gene expression were down-regulated in diabetic given sourdough bread I or II. CONCLUSION Sourdough bread II was superior in all the studied parameters. The anti-diabetic effect and protection from cognitive dysfunction of sourdough bread samples may be ascribed to the occurrence of dietary fibers, phenolic compounds, and polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha A Mohamed
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Karem Fouda
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Hoda B Mabrok
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa E El-Shamarka
- Toxicology and Narcotics Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Hamed
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Food Industries and Nutrition Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
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Brnabic AJM, Curtis SE, Johnston JA, Lo A, Zagar AJ, Lipkovich I, Kadziola Z, Murray MH, Ryan T. Incidence of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease in patients with multiple sclerosis initiating disease-modifying therapies: Retrospective cohort study using a frequentist model averaging statistical framework. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300708. [PMID: 38517926 PMCID: PMC10959335 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Researchers are increasingly using insights derived from large-scale, electronic healthcare data to inform drug development and provide human validation of novel treatment pathways and aid in drug repurposing/repositioning. The objective of this study was to determine whether treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis with dimethyl fumarate, an activator of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, results in a change in incidence of type 2 diabetes and its complications. This retrospective cohort study used administrative claims data to derive four cohorts of adults with multiple sclerosis initiating dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide, glatiramer acetate or fingolimod between January 2013 and December 2018. A causal inference frequentist model averaging framework based on machine learning was used to compare the time to first occurrence of a composite endpoint of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease or chronic kidney disease, as well as each individual outcome, across the four treatment cohorts. There was a statistically significantly lower risk of incidence for dimethyl fumarate versus teriflunomide for the composite endpoint (restricted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.70 [0.55, 0.90]) and type 2 diabetes (0.65 [0.49, 0.98]), myocardial infarction (0.59 [0.35, 0.97]) and chronic kidney disease (0.52 [0.28, 0.86]). No differences for other individual outcomes or for dimethyl fumarate versus the other two cohorts were observed. This study effectively demonstrated the use of an innovative statistical methodology to test a clinical hypothesis using real-world data to perform early target validation for drug discovery. Although there was a trend among patients treated with dimethyl fumarate towards a decreased incidence of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease relative to other disease-modifying therapies-which was statistically significant for the comparison with teriflunomide-this study did not definitively support the hypothesis that Nrf2 activation provided additional metabolic disease benefit in patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J M Brnabic
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Sarah E Curtis
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Joseph A Johnston
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Albert Lo
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Anthony J Zagar
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Ilya Lipkovich
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Zbigniew Kadziola
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Megan H Murray
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Timothy Ryan
- Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
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Tan Y, Zhou C, Miao L, Zhang X, Khan H, Xu B, Cheang WS. 3,4',5-Trimethoxy- trans-stilbene ameliorates hepatic insulin resistance and oxidative stress in diabetic obese mice through insulin and Nrf2 signaling pathways. Food Funct 2024; 15:2996-3007. [PMID: 38411214 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04158a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Resveratrol has profound benefits against diabetes. However, whether its methylated derivative 3,4',5-trimethoxy-trans-stilbene (3,4',5-TMS) also plays a protective role in glucose metabolism is not characterized. We aimed to study the anti-diabetic effects of 3,4',5-TMS in vitro and in vivo. Insulin-resistant HepG2 cells (IR-HepG2) were induced by high glucose plus dexamethasone whilst six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice received a 60 kcal% fat diet for 14 weeks to establish an obese diabetic model. 3,4',5-TMS did not reduce the cell viability of IR-HepG2 cells at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 μM, which enhanced the capability of glycogen synthesis and glucose consumption in IR-HepG2 cells. Four-week oral administration of 3,4',5-TMS at 10 mg kg-1 day-1 ameliorated insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance of diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. 3,4',5-TMS activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway by inhibiting phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 at Ser307 and increasing the protein levels of IRS-1 and IRS-2 to restore the insulin signaling pathway in diabetes. 3,4',5-TMS also upregulated the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) at Ser9. 3,4',5-TMS suppressed oxidative stress by increasing the protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H : quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and antioxidant enzyme activity. In summary, 3,4',5-TMS alleviated hepatic insulin resistance in vitro and in vivo, by the activation of the insulin signaling pathway, accomplished by the suppression of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tan
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Chunxiu Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Lingchao Miao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Xutao Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wai San Cheang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China.
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Samimi F, Namiranian N, Sharifi-Rigi A, Siri M, Abazari O, Dastghaib S. Coenzyme Q10: A Key Antioxidant in the Management of Diabetes-Induced Cardiovascular Complications-An Overview of Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence. Int J Endocrinol 2024; 2024:2247748. [PMID: 38524871 PMCID: PMC10959587 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2247748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) presents a significant global health challenge with considerable cardiovascular implications. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has gained recognition for its potential as a natural antioxidant supplement in the management of diabetes and its associated cardiovascular complications. Aim This comprehensive review systematically examines the scientific rationale underlying the therapeutic properties of CoQ10 in mitigating the impact of diabetes and its cardiovascular consequences. The analysis encompasses preclinical trials (in vitro and in vivo) and clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and mechanisms of action of CoQ10. Result & Discussion. Findings reveal that CoQ10, through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory attributes, demonstrates significant potential in reducing oxidative stress, ameliorating lipid profiles, and regulating blood pressure, which are crucial aspects in managing diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications. CoQ10, chemically represented as C59H90O4, was administered in capsule form for human studies at doses of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 mg per day and at concentrations of 10 and 20 μM in sterile powder for experimental investigations and 10 mg/kg in powder for mouse studies, according to the published research. Clinical trials corroborate these preclinical findings, demonstrating improved glycemic control, lipid profiles, and blood pressure in patients supplemented with CoQ10. Conclusion In conclusion, CoQ10 emerges as a promising natural therapeutic intervention for the comprehensive management of diabetes and its associated cardiovascular complications. Its multifaceted impacts on the Nrf2/Keap1/ARE pathway, oxidative stress, and metabolic regulation highlight its potential as an adjunct in the treatment of diabetes and related cardiovascular disorders. However, further extensive clinical investigations are necessary to fully establish its therapeutic potential and assess potential synergistic effects with other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Samimi
- Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasim Namiranian
- Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ali Sharifi-Rigi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Morvarid Siri
- Autophagy Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Omid Abazari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Verma VK, Malik S, Mutneja E, Sahu AK, Prajapati V, Mishra P, Bhatia J, Arya DS. Morin ameliorates myocardial injury in diabetic rats via modulation of inflammatory pathways. Lab Anim Res 2024; 40:3. [PMID: 38331877 PMCID: PMC10854036 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-024-00190-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High blood glucose levels in diabetes lead to vascular inflammation which accelerates atherosclerosis. Herein, Morin was orally administered in male Wistar rats, at the dose of 40 mg/kg for 28 days, and on the 27th and 28th day, ISO was administered to designate groups at the dose of 85 mg/kg s.c., to induce myocardial infarction. RESULTS Free radical generation, including ROS, in diabetes following ISO administration, leads to the activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Morin significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced oxidative stress (GSH, MDA, SOD), cardiac injury markers (CK-MB, LDH), inflammation (TNF, IL-6), and apoptosis (Bax, BCl2, Caspase-3). In addition, it also reduced insulin and blood glucose levels. Akt/eNOS, Nrf2/HO-1, MAPK signaling pathways, and Insulin signal transduction pathways were positively modulated by morin pre-treatment. CONCLUSIONS Morin attenuated oxidative stress and inflammation and also modified the activity of various molecular pathways to mitigate cardiomyocyte damage during ISO-induced MI in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Kumar Verma
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Salma Malik
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ekta Mutneja
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sahu
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Vaishali Prajapati
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Armed Force Medical College, Pune, Maharastra, 411040, India
| | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Dharamveer Singh Arya
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Liu Z, Annarapu G, Yazdani HO, Wang Q, Liu S, Luo JH, Yu YP, Ren B, Neal MD, Monga SP, Mota Alvidrez RI. Restoring glucose balance: Conditional HMGB1 knockdown mitigates hyperglycemia in a Streptozotocin induced mouse model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23561. [PMID: 38187339 PMCID: PMC10770459 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant global health burden, with hyperglycemia being a primary contributor to complications and high morbidity associated with this disorder. Existing glucose management strategies have shown suboptimal effectiveness, necessitating alternative approaches. In this study, we explored the role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in hyperglycemia, a protein implicated in initiating inflammation and strongly correlated with DM onset and progression. We hypothesized that HMGB1 knockdown will mitigate hyperglycemia severity and enhance glucose tolerance. To test this hypothesis, we utilized a novel inducible HMGB1 knockout (iHMGB1 KO) mouse model exhibiting systemic HMGB1 knockdown. Hyperglycemic phenotype was induced using low dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections, followed by longitudinal glucose measurements and oral glucose tolerance tests to evaluate the effect of HMGB1 knockdown on glucose metabolism. Our findings showed a substantial reduction in glucose levels and enhanced glucose tolerance in HMGB1 knockdown mice. Additionally, we performed RNA sequencing analyses, which identified potential alternations in genes and molecular pathways within the liver and skeletal muscle tissue that may account for the in vivo phenotypic changes observed in hyperglycemic mice following HMGB1 knockdown. In conclusion, our present study delivers the first direct evidence of a causal relationship between systemic HMGB1 knockdown and hyperglycemia in vivo, an association that had remained unexamined prior to this research. This discovery positions HMGB1 knockdown as a potentially efficacious therapeutic target for addressing hyperglycemia and, by extension, the DM epidemic. Furthermore, we have revealed potential underlying mechanisms, establishing the essential groundwork for subsequent in-depth mechanistic investigations focused on further elucidating and harnessing the promising therapeutic potential of HMGB1 in DM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Gowtham Annarapu
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Hamza O. Yazdani
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Qinge Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Silvia Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jian-Hua Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yan-Ping Yu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Baoguo Ren
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Matthew D. Neal
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Satdarshan P. Monga
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Roberto Ivan Mota Alvidrez
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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11
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Dammavalam V, Lin S, Nessa S, Daksla N, Stefanowski K, Costa A, Bergese S. Neuroprotection during Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Review of Future Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:891. [PMID: 38255965 PMCID: PMC10815099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Endovascular thrombectomy has been impactful in decreasing mortality. However, many clinical results continue to show suboptimal functional outcomes despite high recanalization rates. This gap in recanalization and symptomatic improvement suggests a need for adjunctive therapies in post-thrombectomy care. With greater insight into ischemia-reperfusion injury, recent preclinical testing of neuroprotective agents has shifted towards preventing oxidative stress through upregulation of antioxidants and downstream effectors, with positive results. Advances in multiple neuroprotective therapies, including uric acid, activated protein C, nerinetide, otaplimastat, imatinib, verapamil, butylphthalide, edaravone, nelonemdaz, ApTOLL, regional hypothermia, remote ischemic conditioning, normobaric oxygen, and especially nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, have promising evidence for improving stroke care. Sedation and blood pressure management in endovascular thrombectomy also play crucial roles in improved stroke outcomes. A hand-in-hand approach with both endovascular therapy and neuroprotection may be the key to targeting disability due to stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikalpa Dammavalam
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Sandra Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Sayedatun Nessa
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Neil Daksla
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Kamil Stefanowski
- Department of Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (V.D.); (K.S.)
| | - Ana Costa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
| | - Sergio Bergese
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.L.); (N.D.); (A.C.)
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12
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Yi M, Cruz Cisneros L, Cho EJ, Alexander M, Kimelman FA, Swentek L, Ferrey A, Tantisattamo E, Ichii H. Nrf2 Pathway and Oxidative Stress as a Common Target for Treatment of Diabetes and Its Comorbidities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:821. [PMID: 38255895 PMCID: PMC10815857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease that induces many comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and liver damage. Many mechanisms have been suggested as to how diabetes leads to these comorbidities, of which increased oxidative stress in diabetic patients has been strongly implicated. Limited knowledge of antioxidative antidiabetic drugs and substances that can address diabetic comorbidities through the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway calls for detailed investigation. This review will describe how diabetes increases oxidative stress, the general impact of that oxidative stress, and how oxidative stress primarily contributes to diabetic comorbidities. It will also address how treatments for diabetes, especially focusing on their effects on the Nrf2 antioxidative pathway, have been shown to similarly affect the Nrf2 pathway of the heart, kidney, and liver systems. This review demonstrates that the Nrf2 pathway is a common pathogenic component of diabetes and its associated comorbidities, potentially identifying this pathway as a target to guide future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Yi
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Leslie Cruz Cisneros
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Eric J. Cho
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Michael Alexander
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Francesca A. Kimelman
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Lourdes Swentek
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Antoney Ferrey
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.F.); (E.T.)
| | - Ekamol Tantisattamo
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (A.F.); (E.T.)
| | - Hirohito Ichii
- Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (M.Y.); (L.C.C.); (E.J.C.); (M.A.); (F.A.K.); (L.S.)
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13
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Ghavidel F, Amiri H, Tabrizi MH, Alidadi S, Hosseini H, Sahebkar A. The Combinational Effect of Inulin and Resveratrol on the Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Level in a Rat Model of Diabetic Nephropathy. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:102059. [PMID: 38292928 PMCID: PMC10826146 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2023.102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Using inulin can enhance resveratrol's effects by improving the intestinal microbiome and the stability of resveratrol. Objectives We aimed to investigate the effect of therapeutic intervention with combined inulin and resveratrol on kidney function in diabetic rats. Methods Diabetic model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Afterward, rats were divided into 6 groups: control, diabetic without treatment, diabetic treated with insulin, diabetic treated with resveratrol, diabetic treated with inulin, and diabetic treated with a combination of inulin and resveratrol. After 10 wk, the creatinine, urea, insulin, urinary proteins, and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were evaluated. Pathologic changes were examined in kidney tissues. Results Renal dysfunction, accompanied by increased inflammation and oxidative stress, was observed. Our results showed that treatment with resveratrol and inulin had antidiabetic effects and was associated with reduced renal dysfunction, oxidative stress, and kidney inflammation. In addition, it was observed that combined treatment with inulin and resveratrol outperformed monotherapies in improving kidney function and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Conclusions Treatment with resveratrol and inulin can have renoprotective effects by improving oxidative stress and inflammation in kidney tissues. Therefore, employing these 2 compounds is suggested as an inexpensive and available method for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Ghavidel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Amiri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Soodeh Alidadi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Aslam B, Hussain A, Faisal MN, Kousar S, Roobi A, Sajid MR, Gul A. Polyherbal extract improves glycometabolic control in alloxan-induced diabetic rats via down-regulating the MAPK/JNK pathway, modulating Nrf-2/Keap-1 expression, and stimulating insulin signaling. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:170-179. [PMID: 38234664 PMCID: PMC10790299 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.72553.15780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Objectives This study focused on the evaluation of antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of polyherbal extract (PHE), containing Cassia absus (L.), Gymnema sylvestre (R. Br.), Nigella sativa (L.), and Piper nigrum (L.), in alloxan-induced diabetes model. Materials and Methods In vitro, HPLC characterization, DPPH scavenging assay, and α-amylase inhibition test were conducted. In vivo, acute oral toxicity of PHE was assessed. Alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats (n=6) were orally treated with PHE (200, 400, and 600 mg/kg/day) and glibenclamide (GLB; 10 mg/kg/day) for six consecutive weeks. Then, biochemical biomarkers, oxidative stress parameters, histopathological examination, and mRNA expression levels (RT-qPCR) were determined. Results The presence of polyphenols in PHE was confirmed in correlation to marked DPPH scavenging (IC50: 1.60 mg/ml) and α-amylase inhibition (IC50: 0.82 mg/ml). PHE demonstrated no toxicity in rats up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg. In diabetic rats, PHE dose-dependently ameliorated the serum levels of glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), leptin, and glucokinase (GCK). Also, PHE substantially alleviated serum inflammatory markers (TNF-α and CRP) and oxidative stress indicators (MDA, SOD, and CAT) in pancreatic tissues. PHE, particularly at 600 mg/kg, attenuated cellular oxidative stress via modulating the mRNA expression levels of genes regulating MAPK/JNK (Mapk-8, Traf-4, and Traf-6) and Nrf-2/Keap-1 pathways and promoted insulin signaling through up-regulating insulin signaling cascade (Pdx-1, Ins-1, and Ins-2), as compared to GLB. Furthermore, histopathological findings supported the aforementioned results. Conclusion Our study suggests that polyherbal extract has promising antioxidant and antidiabetic activities by modulating the MAPK/JNK, Nrf-2/Keap-1, and insulin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Aslam
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asif Hussain
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Riphah International University, Faisalabad-38000, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shaneel Kousar
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore-54590, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Alishbah Roobi
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rehan Sajid
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Gul
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
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15
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Li X, Peng X, Zoulikha M, Boafo GF, Magar KT, Ju Y, He W. Multifunctional nanoparticle-mediated combining therapy for human diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:1. [PMID: 38161204 PMCID: PMC10758001 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining existing drug therapy is essential in developing new therapeutic agents in disease prevention and treatment. In preclinical investigations, combined effect of certain known drugs has been well established in treating extensive human diseases. Attributed to synergistic effects by targeting various disease pathways and advantages, such as reduced administration dose, decreased toxicity, and alleviated drug resistance, combinatorial treatment is now being pursued by delivering therapeutic agents to combat major clinical illnesses, such as cancer, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, myocarditis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Combinatorial therapy involves combining or co-delivering two or more drugs for treating a specific disease. Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated drug delivery systems, i.e., liposomal NPs, polymeric NPs and nanocrystals, are of great interest in combinatorial therapy for a wide range of disorders due to targeted drug delivery, extended drug release, and higher drug stability to avoid rapid clearance at infected areas. This review summarizes various targets of diseases, preclinical or clinically approved drug combinations and the development of multifunctional NPs for combining therapy and emphasizes combinatorial therapeutic strategies based on drug delivery for treating severe clinical diseases. Ultimately, we discuss the challenging of developing NP-codelivery and translation and provide potential approaches to address the limitations. This review offers a comprehensive overview for recent cutting-edge and challenging in developing NP-mediated combination therapy for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Xiuju Peng
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Makhloufi Zoulikha
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - George Frimpong Boafo
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China
| | - Kosheli Thapa Magar
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China
| | - Yanmin Ju
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 2111198, PR China.
| | - Wei He
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443, China.
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16
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Yan K, Li L, Ye S, Xu Q, Ding L. Sevoflurane alleviates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced damage in HT22 cells by activating the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway to inhibit oxidative stress. Int J Neurosci 2023:1-8. [PMID: 38108309 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2023.2286916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of sevoflurane on oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced damage in HT22 cells and its associated mechanisms. Methods: HT22 cells were treated with sevoflurane, and an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury model was established. The HT22 cells were randomly divided into the control group, oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation group, sevoflurane low-dose group, sevoflurane medium-dose group, and sevoflurane high-dose group. The proliferation of HT22 cells was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The apoptosis rate and mitochondrial membrane potential of HT22 cells were determined by flow cytometry. Protein expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in HT22 cells were examined using Western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA). Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity in HT22 cells were determined using assay kits. Results: Compared to controls, OGD/R group had reduced cell viability, mitochondrial potential, Bcl-2, nuclear Nrf2, HO-1, GSH-Px levels, and SOD enzyme activity (p < 0.05), with increased apoptosis, Bax, cytoplasmic Nrf2, ROS, and MDA levels. Sevoflurane groups showed opposite trends (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sevoflurane can mitigate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced damage in HT22 cells, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway to inhibit oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Siqi Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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17
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Fasipe B, Laher I. Nrf2 modulates the benefits of evening exercise in type 2 diabetes. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 5:251-258. [PMID: 38314046 PMCID: PMC10831386 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise has well-characterized therapeutic benefits in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Most of the beneficial effects of exercise arise from the impact of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) activation of glucose metabolism. Nrf2 is an essential controller of cellular anti-oxidative capacity and circadian rhythms. The circadian rhythm of Nrf2 is influenced by circadian genes on its expression, where the timing of exercise effects the activation of Nrf2 and the rhythmicity of Nrf2 and signaling, such that the timing of exercise has differential physiological effects. Exercise in the evening has beneficial effects on diabetes management, such as lowering of blood glucose and weight. The mechanisms responsible for these effects have not yet been associated with the influence of exercise on the circadian rhythm of Nrf2 activity. A better understanding of exercise-induced Nrf2 activation on Nrf2 rhythm and signaling can improve our appreciation of the distinct effects of morning and evening exercise. This review hypothesizes that activation of Nrf2 by exercise in the morning, when Nrf2 level is already at high levels, leads to hyperactivation and decrease in Nrf2 signaling, while activation of Nrf2 in the evening, when Nrf2 levels are at nadir levels, improves Nrf2 signaling and lowers blood glucose levels and increases fatty acid oxidation. Exploring the effects of Nrf2 activators on rhythmic signaling could also provide valuable insights into the optimal timing of their application, while also holding promise for timed treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babatunde Fasipe
- Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Ismail Laher
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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18
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Park MS, Lee S, Baek Y, Lee J, Park SS, Cho JH, Jin HJ, Yoo HR. Characteristics of insulin resistance in Korean adults from the perspective of circadian and metabolic sensing genes. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:1475-1487. [PMID: 37768516 PMCID: PMC10682234 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological clock allows an organism to anticipate periodic environmental changes and adjust its physiology and behavior accordingly. OBJECTIVE This retrospective cross-sectional study examined circadian gene polymorphisms and clinical characteristics associated with insulin resistance (IR). METHODS We analyzed data from 1,404 Korean adults aged 30 to 55 with no history of cancer and cardio-cerebrovascular disease. The population was classified according to sex and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values. Demographics, anthropometric and clinical characteristics, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed with respect to sex, age, and HOMA-IR values. We used association rule mining to identify sets of SNPs from circadian and metabolic sensing genes that may be associated with IR. RESULTS Among the subjects, 15.0% of 960 women and 24.3% of 444 men had HOMA-IR values above 2. Most of the parameters differed significantly between men and women, as well as between the groups with high and low insulin sensitivity. Body fat mass of the trunk, which was significantly higher in insulin-resistant groups, had a higher correlation with high sensitivity C-reactive protein and hemoglobin levels in women, and alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels in men. Homozygous minor allele genotype sets of SNPs rs17031578 and rs228669 in the PER3 gene could be more frequently found among women with HOMA-IR values above 2 (p = .014). CONCLUSION Oxidative stress enhanced by adiposity and iron overload, which may also be linked to NRF2 and PER3-related pathways, is related to IR in adulthood. However, due to the small population size in this study, more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miso S Park
- Clinical Trial Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75 Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo- gu, Daejeon, 35235, Korea.
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Siwoo Lee
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Korea
| | - Younghwa Baek
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- Data Convergence Drug Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang-Soo Park
- Clinical Trial Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75 Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo- gu, Daejeon, 35235, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Liver and Immunology Research Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hee-Jeong Jin
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Korea
| | - Ho-Ryong Yoo
- Clinical Trial Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, 75 Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo- gu, Daejeon, 35235, Korea
- Department of Cardiology and Neurology of Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Korea
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Zhou Y, Xu B. New insights into anti-diabetes effects and molecular mechanisms of dietary saponins. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12372-12397. [PMID: 35866515 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2101425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a long-term metabolic disorder that manifests as chronic hyperglycemia and impaired insulin, bringing a heavy load on the global health care system. Considering the inevitable side effects of conventional anti-diabetic drugs, saponins-rich natural products exert promising therapeutic properties to serve as safer and more cost-effective alternatives for DM management. Herein, this review systematically summarized the research progress on the anti-diabetic properties of dietary saponins and their underlying molecular mechanisms in the past 20 years. Dietary saponins possessed the multidirectional anti-diabetic capabilities by concurrent regulation of various signaling pathways, such as IRS-1/PI3K/Akt, AMPK, Nrf2/ARE, NF-κB-NLRP3, SREBP-1c, and PPARγ, in liver, pancreas, gut, and skeletal muscle. However, the industrialization and commercialization of dietary saponin-based drugs are confronted with a significant challenge due to the low bioavailability and lack of the standardization. Hence, in-depth evaluations in pharmacological profile, function-structure interaction, drug-signal pathway interrelation are essential for developing dietary saponins-based anti-diabetic treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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20
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Roohi TF, Faizan S, Parray ZA, Baig MDAI, Mehdi S, Kinattingal N, Krishna KL. Beyond Glucose: The Dual Assault of Oxidative and ER Stress in Diabetic Disorders. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023; 30:513-531. [PMID: 38041772 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00611-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent global health concern, is characterized by hyperglycemia. However, recent research reveals a more intricate landscape where oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress orchestrate a dual assault, profoundly impacting diabetic disorders. This review elucidates the interplay between these two stress pathways and their collective consequences on diabetes. Oxidative stress emanates from mitochondria, where reactive oxygen species (ROS) production spirals out of control, leading to cellular damage. We explore ROS-mediated signaling pathways, which trigger β-cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction the quintessential features of diabetes. Simultaneously, ER stress unravels, unveiling how protein folding disturbances activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). We dissect the UPR's dual role, oscillating between cellular adaptation and apoptosis, significantly influencing pancreatic β-cells and peripheral insulin-sensitive tissues. Crucially, this review exposes the synergy between oxidative and ER stress pathways. ROS-induced UPR activation and ER stress-induced oxidative stress create a detrimental feedback loop, exacerbating diabetic complications. Moreover, we spotlight promising therapeutic strategies that target both stress pathways. Antioxidants, molecular chaperones, and novel pharmacological agents offer potential avenues for diabetes management. As the global diabetes burden escalates, comprehending the dual assault of oxidative and ER stress is paramount. This review not only unveils the intricate molecular mechanisms governing diabetic pathophysiology but also advocates a holistic therapeutic approach. By addressing both stress pathways concurrently, we may forge innovative solutions for diabetic disorders, ultimately alleviating the burden of this pervasive health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsheel Fatima Roohi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Zahoor Ahmad Parray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas Campus, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - M D Awaise Iqbal Baig
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Seema Mehdi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - Nabeel Kinattingal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India
| | - K L Krishna
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, Karnataka, 570015, India.
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21
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Yazici E, Sahin E, Sahin N, Tuzcu M, Sahin K, Orhan C. Mango ginger ( Curcuma amada Roxb.) may alleviate the effect of high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes by activation of the GSK-3β/Fyn/Nrf2 pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6041-6051. [PMID: 37823118 PMCID: PMC10563713 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mango ginger (MG) exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperglycemic effects; however, the exact mechanism of action of MG extract in relation to its antidiabetic properties remains unclear. To investigate the potential antidiabetic effect of MG extract, we used a high-fat diet (HFD)/low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic rat model. A total of 28 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: (i) Control, (ii) MG (50 mg/kg/day of MG extract), (iii) HFD + STZ (40 mg/kg i.p.), and (iv) HFD + STZ + MG. Following a 12-week administration of MG extract, significant reductions were observed in serum glucose, insulin, free fatty acid, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in diabetic rats (p < .0001 for all). MG extract supplementation led to an increase in the total antioxidant capacity of the serum and a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in both the serum and liver (p < .0001). Furthermore, hepatocellular fat accumulation was partially attenuated in the HFD + STZ + MG group. Notably, MG extract inhibited glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in the liver (p < .01) and downregulated Fyn expression, resulting in elevated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity in the HFD + STZ + MG group compared to the HFD + STZ group (p < .05). The increased activity of Nrf2 in the HFD + STZ + MG group likely promoted the upregulation of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) in the liver (p < .0001). In conclusion, MG extract may exert antidiabetic effects by augmenting the antioxidant defense system through the regulation of GSK-3β/Fyn/Nrf2 in a rat model of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Yazici
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFirat UniversityElazigTurkey
| | - Emre Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineBingol UniversityBingolTurkey
| | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFirat UniversityElazigTurkey
| | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceFirat UniversityElazigTurkey
| | - Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFirat UniversityElazigTurkey
| | - Cemal Orhan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFirat UniversityElazigTurkey
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22
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Krawczyk M, Burzynska-Pedziwiatr I, Wozniak LA, Bukowiecka-Matusiak M. Impact of Polyphenols on Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Factors in Diabetes Mellitus: Nutritional Antioxidants and Their Application in Improving Antidiabetic Therapy. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1402. [PMID: 37759802 PMCID: PMC10526737 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development and progression of diabetes and its complications. Nutritional antioxidants derived from dietary sources have gained significant attention due to their potential to improve antidiabetic therapy. This review will delve into the world of polyphenols, investigating their origins in plants, metabolism in the human body, and relevance to the antioxidant mechanism in the context of improving antidiabetic therapy by attenuating oxidative stress, improving insulin sensitivity, and preserving β-cell function. The potential mechanisms of, clinical evidence for, and future perspectives on nutritional antioxidants as adjuvant therapy in diabetes management are discussed.
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23
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Hunt M, Torres M, Bachar-Wikström E, Wikström JD. Multifaceted roles of mitochondria in wound healing and chronic wound pathogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1252318. [PMID: 37771375 PMCID: PMC10523588 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1252318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that play a critical role in numerous cellular processes including the regulation of metabolism, cellular stress response, and cell fate. Mitochondria themselves are subject to well-orchestrated regulation in order to maintain organelle and cellular homeostasis. Wound healing is a multifactorial process that involves the stringent regulation of several cell types and cellular processes. In the event of dysregulated wound healing, hard-to-heal chronic wounds form and can place a significant burden on healthcare systems. Importantly, treatment options remain limited owing to the multifactorial nature of chronic wound pathogenesis. One area that has received more attention in recent years is the role of mitochondria in wound healing. With regards to this, current literature has demonstrated an important role for mitochondria in several areas of wound healing and chronic wound pathogenesis including metabolism, apoptosis, and redox signalling. Additionally, the influence of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy has also been investigated. However, few studies have utilised patient tissue when studying mitochondria in wound healing, instead using various animal models. In this review we dissect the current knowledge of the role of mitochondria in wound healing and discuss how future research can potentially aid in the progression of wound healing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hunt
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monica Torres
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Etty Bachar-Wikström
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob D. Wikström
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Lin Z, Wang F, Yan Y, Jin J, Quan Z, Tong H, Du J. Fucoidan derived from Sargassum pallidum alleviates metabolism disorders associated with improvement of cardiac injury and oxidative stress in diabetic mice. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4210-4223. [PMID: 37253360 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications have become a serious global health epidemic. Cardiovascular complications have considered as a major cause of high mortality in diabetic patients. Fucoidans from brown algae have diverse medicinal activities, however, few studies reported pharmacological activity of Sargassum. pallidum fucoidan (Sp-Fuc). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Sp-Fuc on diabetic symptoms and cardiac injury in spontaneous diabetic db/db mice. SP-Fuc at 200 mg/(kg/d) was administered intragastrically to db/db mice for 8 weeks, the effects on hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and cardiac damage, as well as oxidative stress, inflammation, Nrf2/ARE, and NF-κB signaling pathways, were investigated. Our data demonstrated that Sp-Fuc significantly (p < 0.05) decreased body weights, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia in db/db mice, along with improved insulin sensitivity. Additionally, Sp-Fuc significantly (p < 0.05) alleviated cardiac dysfunction and pathological morphology of cardiac tissue. Sp-Fuc also significantly (p < 0.05) decreased lipid peroxidation, increased antioxidant function, as well as reduced cardiac inflammation, possibly through Nrf2/ARE and NF-κB signaling. Sp-Fuc can ameliorate the metabolism disorders of glucose and lipid in diabetic mice by activating Nrf2/ARE antioxidant signaling, simultaneously reducing cardiac redox imbalance and inflammatory damage. The present findings provide a perspective on the therapy strategy for T2DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fengwei Wang
- Pharmaceutical Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yawei Yan
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiabao Jin
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zijiao Quan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haibin Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Department of Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Pingyang County, Wenzhou, China
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25
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Arya JK, Kumar R, Singh A, Srivastava P, Yadawa AK, Rizvi SI. Acarbose Mitigates Age-Dependent Alterations in Erythrocyte Membrane Transporters During Aging in Rats. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:139-146. [PMID: 37166369 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acarbose (ACA), a well-studied and effective inhibitor of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, is a postprandial-acting antidiabetic medicine. The membrane of the erythrocyte is an excellent tool for analyzing different physiological and biochemical activities since it experiences a range of metabolic alterations throughout aging. It is uncertain if ACA modulates erythrocyte membrane activities in an age-dependent manner. As a result, the current study was conducted to explore the influence of ACA on age-dependent deteriorated functions of transporters/exchangers, disrupted levels of various biomarkers such as lipid hydroperoxides (LHs), protein carbonyl (PCO), sialic acid (SA), total thiol (-SH), and erythrocyte membrane osmotic fragility. In addition to a concurrent increase in Na+/H+ exchanger activity and concentration of LH, PCO, and osmotic fragility, we also detected a considerable decrease in membrane-linked activities of Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) and Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), as well as concentrations of SA and -SH in old-aged rats. The aging-induced impairment of the activities of membrane-bound ATPases and the changed levels of redox biomarkers were shown to be effectively restored by ACA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raushan Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | | | - Arun Kumar Yadawa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
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26
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Divyajanani S, Harithpriya K, Ganesan K, Ramkumar KM. Dietary Polyphenols Remodel DNA Methylation Patterns of NRF2 in Chronic Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:3347. [PMID: 37571283 PMCID: PMC10420661 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor crucial in regulating cellular homeostasis and apoptosis. The NRF2 gene has been implicated in various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. NRF2 can be regulated genetically and epigenetically at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. Although DNA methylation is one of the critical biological processes vital for gene expression, sometimes, anomalous methylation patterns result in the dysregulation of genes and consequent diseases and disorders. Several studies have reported promoter hypermethylation downregulated NRF2 expression and its downstream targets. In contrast to the unalterable nature of genetic patterns, epigenetic changes can be reversed, opening up new possibilities in developing therapies for various metabolic disorders and diseases. This review discusses the current state of the NRF2-mediated antioxidative and chemopreventive activities of several natural phytochemicals, including sulforaphane, resveratrol, curcumin, luteolin, corosolic acid, apigenin, and most other compounds that have been found to activate NRF2. This epigenetic reversal of hypermethylated NRF2 states provides new opportunities for research into dietary phytochemistry that affects the human epigenome and the possibility for cutting-edge approaches to target NRF2-mediated signaling to prevent chronic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasaragavan Divyajanani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603210, Tamil Nadu, India; (S.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Kannan Harithpriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603210, Tamil Nadu, India; (S.D.); (K.H.)
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 3 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603210, Tamil Nadu, India; (S.D.); (K.H.)
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Wang W, Yao W, Tan Q, Li S, Duan H, Tian X, Xu C, Zhang D. Identification of key DNA methylation changes on fasting plasma glucose: a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in Chinese monozygotic twins. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:159. [PMID: 37461060 PMCID: PMC10351111 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels can increase morbidity and mortality even when it is below the diagnostic threshold of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We conducted a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis to detect DNA methylation (DNAm) variants potentially related to FPG in Chinese monozygotic twins. METHODS Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling in whole blood of twins was performed using Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS), yielding 551,447 raw CpGs. Association between DNAm of single CpG and FPG was tested using a generalized estimation equation. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were identified using comb-P approach. ICE FALCON method was utilized to perform the causal inference. Candidate CpGs were quantified and validated using Sequenom MassARRAY platform in a community population. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted using gene expression data from twins. RESULTS The mean age of 52 twin pairs was 52 years (SD: 7). The relationship between DNAm of 142 CpGs and FPG reached the genome-wide significance level. Thirty-two DMRs within 24 genes were identified, including TLCD1, MRPS31P5, CASZ1, and CXADRP3. The causal relationship of top CpGs mapped to TLCD1, MZF1, PTPRN2, SLC6A18, ASTN2, IQCA1, GRIN1, and PDE2A genes with FPG were further identified using ICE FALCON method. Pathways potentially related to FPG were also identified, such as phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity and mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 binding. Three CpGs mapped to SLC6A18 gene were validated in a community population, with a hypermethylated direction in diabetic patients. The expression levels of 18 genes (including SLC6A18 and TLCD1) were positively correlated with FPG levels. CONCLUSIONS We detect many DNAm variants that may be associated with FPG in whole blood, particularly the loci within SLC6A18 gene. Our findings provide important reference for the epigenetic regulation of elevated FPG levels and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071 Shandong Province China
| | - Wenqin Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071 Shandong Province China
- Shandong Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong, China
| | - Qihua Tan
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Shuxia Li
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Haiping Duan
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong China
| | - Xiaocao Tian
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong China
| | - Chunsheng Xu
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao, 266071 Shandong Province China
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28
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Cheng MZSZ, Amin FAZ, Zawawi N, Chan KW, Ismail N, Ishak NA, Esa NM. Stingless Bee ( Heterotrigona Itama) Honey and Its Phenolic-Rich Extract Ameliorate Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance via KEAP1-NRF2 Signalling Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:2835. [PMID: 37447162 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress. This imbalance contributes to the development and progression of diabetic complications. Similarly, renal and liver diseases are characterised by oxidative stress, where an excess of oxidants overwhelms the antioxidant defense mechanisms, causing tissue damage and dysfunction. Restoring the oxidant-antioxidant balance is essential for mitigating oxidative stress-related damage under these conditions. In this current study, the efficacy of stingless bee honey (SBH) and its phenolic-rich extract (PRE) in controlling the oxidant-antioxidant balance in high-fat diet- and streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats was investigated. The administration of SBH and PRE improved systemic antioxidant defense and oxidative stress-related measures without compromising liver and renal functioning. Analyses of the liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissues revealed differences in their capacities to scavenge free radicals and halt lipid peroxidation. Transcriptional alterations hypothesised tissue-specific control of KEAP1-NRF2 signalling by upregulation of Nrf2, Ho1 and Sod1 in a tissue-specific manner. In addition, hepatic translational studies demonstrated the stimulation of downstream antioxidant-related protein with upregulated expression of SOD-1 and HOD-1 protein. Overall, the results indicated that PRE and SBH can be exploited to restore the oxidant-antioxidant imbalance generated by diabetes via regulating the KEAP1-NRF2 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatin Aina Zulkhairi Amin
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhasnida Zawawi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim Wei Chan
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norsharina Ismail
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Akmal Ishak
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Center of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norhaizan Mohd Esa
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
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29
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Duan G, Huang P, Zheng C, Zheng J, Yu J, Zhang P, Wan M, Li F, Guo Q, Yin Y, Duan Y. Development and Recovery of Liver Injury in Piglets by Incremental Injection of LPS. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1143. [PMID: 37371873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of the incremental injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on liver histopathology, inflammation, oxidative status, and mitochondrial function in piglets. Forty healthy Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire castrated boars (21 ± 2 days old, weight 6.84 ± 0.11 kg) were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 8) and then slaughtered on days 0 (group 0, without LPS injection), 1 (group 1), 5 (group 5), 9 (group 9), and 15 (group 15) of LPS injection, respectively. The results showed that, compared to the piglets without LPS injection, LPS injection caused liver injury in the early phase, as manifested by the increased activities of serum liver injury-related parameters (aspartate amino transferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase, and total bile acid) on day 1, and impaired liver morphology (disordered hepatic cell cord arrangement, dissolved and vacuolized hepatocytes, karyopycnosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration and congestion) on days 1 and 5. Meanwhile, LPS injection caused liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction on days 1 and 5, as reflected by the upregulated mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB; increased MPO and MDA content; and impaired mitochondrial morphology. However, these parameters were ameliorated in the later phase (days 9~15). Taken together, our data indicate that the incremental injection of the LPS-induced liver injury of piglets could be self-repaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyan Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pan Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Changbing Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiayi Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Mengliao Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Fengna Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuping Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Razliqi RN, Ahangarpour A, Mard SA, Khorsandi L. Gentisic acid ameliorates type 2 diabetes induced by Nicotinamide-Streptozotocin in male mice by attenuating pancreatic oxidative stress and inflammation through modulation of Nrf2 and NF-кB pathways. Life Sci 2023; 325:121770. [PMID: 37192699 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS There is a close link between oxidative stress, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gentisic acid (GA) is a di-phenolic compound and an active metabolite of aspirin that possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its potential anti-diabetic effects have not been evaluated so far. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate GA's potential antidiabetic effects through the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor (Nrf2) and Nuclear Factor Kappa Beta (NF-кB) signaling pathways. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, T2DM induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg B.W) after 15 min nicotinamide (120 mg/kg B.W) injection. After seven days of injections, fasting blood glucose (FBS) was measured. Seven days after FBS monitoring treatments started. Grouping and treatments were as follows: 1) Normal control group; NC, 2) Diabetic control group; DC, 3) Metformin group; MT (150 mg/kg B.W, daily), 4) Test group; GA (100 mg/kg B.W, daily). Treatments continued for 14 consecutive days. KEY FINDINGS Diabetic mice treatment with GA significantly decreased FBS, improved plasma lipid profiles and pancreatic antioxidant status. GA modulated Nrf2 pathway by upregulation of Nrf2 protein, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1), and p21, and downregulation of miR-200a, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-2 (NOX2). Also, GA attenuated inflammation by upregulation of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and downregulation of miR-125b, NF-кB, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß). SIGNIFICANCE GA attenuates T2DM, possibly by improving antioxidant status through the Nrf2 pathway and attenuation of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Department of Physiology, Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Physiology Research Center, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Thiruvengadam R, Venkidasamy B, Samynathan R, Govindasamy R, Thiruvengadam M, Kim JH. Association of nanoparticles and Nrf2 with various oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 380:110535. [PMID: 37187268 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regultes the cellular antioxidant defense system at the posttranscriptional level. During oxidative stress, Nrf2 is released from its negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and binds to antioxidant response element (ARE) to transcribe antioxidative metabolizing/detoxifying genes. Various transcription factors like aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and epigenetic modification including DNA methylation and histone methylation might also regulate the expression of Nrf2. Despite its protective role, Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling is considered as a pharmacological target due to its involvement in various pathophysiological conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, hepatotoxicity and kidney disorders. Recently, nanomaterials have received a lot of attention due to their unique physiochemical properties and are also used in various biological applications, for example, biosensors, drug delivery systems, cancer therapy, etc. In this review, we will be discussing the functions of nanoparticles and Nrf2 as a combined therapy or sensitizing agent and their significance in various diseases such as diabetes, cancer and oxidative stress-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Ramkumar Samynathan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Rajakumar Govindasamy
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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Jéssica Paloma ÁR, Juan Rafael RE. Activation of the Cap'n'collar C pathway (Nrf2 pathway in vertebrates) signaling in insulin pathway compromised Drosophila melanogaster flies ameliorates the diabetic state upon pro-oxidant conditions. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 335:114229. [PMID: 36781022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
The insulin pathway is a crucial central system for metabolism and growth. The Nrf2 signaling pathway functions to counteract oxidative stress. Here we sought to study the consequences of an oxidative stress challenge to insulin compromised and control adult flies of different ages, varying the activation state of the Nrf2 pathway in flies, the Cap'n'collar C pathway. For this, we employed two different pro-oxidative conditions: 3 % hydrogen peroxide or 20 mM paraquat laced in the food. In both cases, wild type (control) flies die within a few days, yet there are significant differences between males and females, and also within flies of different ages (seven versus thirty days old flies). We repeated the same conditions with young (seven days old) flies that were heterozygous for a loss-of-function mutation in Keap1. There were no significant differences. We then tested two hypomorphic viable conditions of the insulin pathway (heteroallelic combination for the insulin receptor and the S6 Kinase), challenged in the same way: Whereas they also die in the pro-oxidant conditions, they fare significantly better when heterozygous for Keap1, in contrast to controls. We also monitored locomotion in all of these conditions, and, in general, found significant differences between flies without and with a mutant allele (heterozygous) for Keap1. Our results point to altered oxidative stress conditions in diabetic flies. These findings suggest that modest activation of the Cap'n'collar C pathway may be a treatment for diabetic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvarez-Rendón Jéssica Paloma
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Programa de posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico
| | - Riesgo-Escovar Juan Rafael
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Programa de posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico.
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Dludla PV, Mabhida SE, Ziqubu K, Nkambule BB, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Hanser S, Basson AK, Pheiffer C, Kengne AP. Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes: Implications of inflammation and oxidative stress. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:130-146. [PMID: 37035220 PMCID: PMC10075035 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i3.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are major pathological mechanisms implicated in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Beyond the detrimental effects of insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress have emerged as critical features of T2D that define β-cell dysfunction. Predominant markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-1β are consistently associated with β-cell failure in preclinical models and in people with T2D. Similarly, important markers of oxidative stress, such as increased reactive oxygen species and depleted intracellular antioxidants, are consistent with pancreatic β-cell damage in conditions of T2D. Such effects illustrate a pathological relationship between an abnormal inflammatory response and generation of oxidative stress during the progression of T2D. The current review explores preclinical and clinical research on the patho-logical implications of inflammation and oxidative stress during the development of β-cell dysfunction in T2D. Moreover, important molecular mechanisms and relevant biomarkers involved in this process are discussed to divulge a pathological link between inflammation and oxidative stress during β-cell failure in T2D. Underpinning the clinical relevance of the review, a systematic analysis of evidence from randomized controlled trials is covered, on the potential therapeutic effects of some commonly used antidiabetic agents in modulating inflammatory makers to improve β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Sihle E Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | | | - Sidney Hanser
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Albert Kotze Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Andre Pascal Kengne
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7500, South Africa
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
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Salama AAA, Elgohary R, Fahmy MI. Protocatechuic acid ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced kidney damage in mice via downregulation of TLR-4-mediated IKBKB/NF-κB and MAPK/Erk signaling pathways. J Appl Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 36807594 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a very critical cause of death in the whole world. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces kidney damage by activating various deleterious inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Protocatechuic acid, a natural phenolic compound, has shown to exert beneficial effects against oxidative and inflammatory responses. The study aimed to clarify the nephroprotective activity of protocatechuic acid in LPS-induced acute kidney damage in mice. Forty male Swiss mice were allocated in four groups as follows: normal control group; LPS (250 μg/kg, ip)-induced kidney injury group; LPS-injected mice treated with protocatechuic acid (15 mg/kg, po), and LPS-injected mice treated with protocatechuic acid (30 mg/kg, po). Significant toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)-mediated activation of IKBKB/NF-κB and MAPK/Erk/COX-2 inflammatory pathways has been observed in kidneys of mice treated with LPS. Oxidative stress was revealed by inhibition of total antioxidant capacity, catalase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) enzyme along with increased nitric oxide level. In parallel, focal inflammatory effects were shown in between the tubules and glomeruli as well as in the perivascular dilated blood vessels at the cortex affecting the normal morphology of the kidney tissues of LPS-treated mice. However, treatment with protocatechuic acid reduced LPS-induced changes in the aforementioned parameters and restored normal histological features of the affected tissues. In conclusion, our study uncovered that protocatechuic acid has nephroprotective effects in mice with AKI through opposing different inflammatory and oxidative cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Fahmy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
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Luan Y, Luo Y, Deng M. New advances in Nrf2-mediated analgesic drugs. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 110:154598. [PMID: 36603339 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is an inevitable process that occurs during life activities, and it can participate in the development of inflammation. Although great progress has been made according to research examining analgesic drugs and therapies, there remains a need to develop new analgesic drugs to fill certain gaps in both the experimental and clinical space. PURPOSE This review reports the research and preclinical progress of this class of analgesics by summarizing known nuclear factor E-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) pathway-modulating substances. STUDY DESIGN We searched and reported experiments that intervene in the Nrf2 pathway and its various upstream and downstream molecules for analgesic therapy. METHODS The medical literature database (PubMed) was searched for experimental studies examining the reduction of pain in animals through the Nrf2 pathway, the research methods were analyzed, and the pathways were classified and reported according to the pathway of these experimental interventions. RESULTS Humans have identified a variety of substances that can fight pain by regulating the expression of Nrf2 and its upstream and downstream pathways. CONCLUSION The Nrf2 pathway exerts anti-inflammatory activity by regulating oxidative stress, thereby playing a role in the fight against pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Luan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yaping Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Meichun Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology & Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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Purwaningsih I, Maksum IP, Sumiarsa D, Sriwidodo S. A Review of Fibraurea tinctoria and Its Component, Berberine, as an Antidiabetic and Antioxidant. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031294. [PMID: 36770960 PMCID: PMC9919506 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia caused by resistance to insulin action, inadequate insulin secretion, or excessive glucagon production. Numerous studies have linked diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress. People with diabetes usually exhibit high oxidative stress due to persistent and chronic hyperglycemia, which impairs the activity of the antioxidant defense system and promotes the formation of free radicals. Recently, several studies have focused on exploring natural antioxidants to improve diabetes mellitus. Fibraurea tinctoria has long been known as the native Borneo used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. Taxonomically, this plant is part of the Menispermaceae family, widely known for producing various alkaloids. Among them are protoberberine alkaloids such as berberine. Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid with many pharmacological activities. Berberine is receiving considerable interest because of its antidiabetic and antioxidant activities, which are based on many biochemical pathways. Therefore, this review explores the pharmacological effects of Fibraurea tinctoria and its active constituent, berberine, against oxidative stress and diabetes, emphasizing its mechanistic aspects. This review also summarizes the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of berberine and in silico studies of berberine in several diseases and its protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indah Purwaningsih
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (I.P.M.)
| | - Iman Permana Maksum
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (I.P.); (I.P.M.)
| | - Dadan Sumiarsa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Sriwidodo Sriwidodo
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
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Elekofehinti OO, Aladenika YV, Iwaloye O, Okon EIA, Adanlawo IG. Bambusa vulgaris leaves reverse mitochondria dysfunction in diabetic rats through modulation of mitochondria biogenic genes. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2023:hmbci-2022-0053. [PMID: 36591918 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by hyperglycemia increases the incidence of diabetes and age-related insulin resistance. Thus, maintaining mitochondrial integrity may provide alternative therapeutic approach in diabetes treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bambusa vulgaris leaf extract on mitochondrial biogenesis in the pancreas of diabetic rats. METHODS 11 weeks old male rats (n=30) were purchased, and sorted into the following groups: control, diabetic control, diabetes + metformin (100 mg/kg), diabetes + Aq. B. vulgaris (100 mg/kg), diabetes + Aq. B. vulgaris (200 mg/kg), and diabetes + Aq. B. vulgaris (300 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced in the rats by a single dose of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). The mRNA expression of genes related to mitochondria biogenesis (pgc-1α, Nrf2, GSK3β, AMPK and SIRT2) and genes of Nrf2-Keap1-ARE signaling pathway were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Molecular docking studies including lock and key docking and prime MM-GBSA were incorporated to identify the lead chemical compounds in Bambusa vulgari. RESULTS The results showed that B. vulgaris leaf extract promotes mitochondrial biogenesis via altering the mRNA expression of mitochondrial master regulator pgc-1α, other upstream genes, and the Nrf2-Keap1-ARE antioxidant pathway. Through molecular docking results, cryptochlorogenic acid, hesperidin, orientin, vitexin, scopolin, and neochlorogenic were found as the crucial chemicals in B. vulgaris with the most modulating effect on PGC-1α, AMPK, and GSK3. CONCLUSIONS This study thus suggests that B. vulgaris leaf extract restores the integrity of mitochondria in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Opeyemi Iwaloye
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Enoabasi Ima-Abasi Okon
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Isaac Gbadura Adanlawo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Fatima MT, Bhat AA, Nisar S, Fakhro KA, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS. The role of dietary antioxidants in type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders: An assessment of the benefit profile. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12698. [PMID: 36632095 PMCID: PMC9826852 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy diet is vital to cellular health. The human body succumbs to numerous diseases which afflict severe economic and psychological burdens on the patient and family. Oxidative stress is a possible crucial regulator of various pathologies, including type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. It generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that trigger the dysregulation of essential cellular functions, ultimately affecting cellular health and homeostasis. However, lower levels of ROS can be advantageous and are implicated in a variety of signaling pathways. Due to this dichotomy, the terms oxidative "eustress," which refers to a good oxidative event, and "distress," which can be hazardous, have developed. ROS affects multiple signaling pathways, leading to compromised insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and β-cell dysfunction in diabetes. ROS is also associated with increased mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation, aggravating neurodegenerative conditions in the body, particularly with age. Treatment includes drugs/therapies often associated with dependence, side effects including non-selectivity, and possible toxicity, particularly in the long run. It is imperative to explore alternative medicines as an adjunct therapy, utilizing natural remedies/resources to avoid all the possible harms. Antioxidants are vital components of our body that fight disease by reducing oxidative stress or nullifying the excess toxic free radicals produced under various pathological conditions. In this review, we focus on the antioxidant effects of components of dietary foods such as tea, coffee, wine, oils, and honey and the role and mechanism of action of these antioxidants in alleviating type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. We aim to provide information about possible alternatives to drug treatments used alone or combined to reduce drug intake and encourage the consumption of natural ingredients at doses adequate to promote health and combat pathologies while reducing unwanted risks and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Tamkeen Fatima
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz Ahmed Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Adnan Fakhro
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar,Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar,Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory of Genomic Medicine-Precision Medicine Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira Sarah Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes Prevention Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar,Corresponding author.
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Ameliorative Effects of a Rhenium (V) Compound with Uracil-Derived Ligand Markers Associated with Hyperglycaemia-Induced Renal Dysfunction in Diet-Induced Prediabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315400. [PMID: 36499723 PMCID: PMC9739195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is characterised by the improper functioning of the kidney as a result of kidney damage caused by hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress. The moderate hyperglycaemia seen in prediabetes can be treated using a combination of metformin and lifestyle interventions (low-calorie diets and exercising). However, patients have been reported to over-rely on pharmacological interventions, thus decreasing the efficacy of metformin, which leads to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we investigated the effects of a rhenium (V) compound in ameliorating renal dysfunction in both the presence and absence of dietary modification. Kidney function parameters, such as fluid intake and urine output, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), kidney injury molecule (KIM 1), creatinine, urea, albumin and electrolytes, were measured after 12 weeks of treatment. After treatment with the rhenium (V) compound, kidney function was restored, as evidenced by increased GRF and reduced KIM 1, podocin and aldosterone. The rhenium (V) compound ameliorated kidney function by preventing hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress in the kidney in both the presence and absence of dietary modification.
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Chen X, Chen L, Qin Y, Mao Z, Jia G, Zhao H, Liu G, Huang Z. Effect of dietary L-theanine supplementation on skeletal muscle fiber type transformation in weaning piglets. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:1389-1397. [PMID: 35635297 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2078725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effect of dietary L-theanine (LT) supplementation on skeletal muscle fiber type transformation in weaning piglets. Our data showed that LT significantly increased the slow-twitch fiber-related genes expression and the percentage of slow oxidative fiber, and decreased the MyHC IIb mRNA expression and the percentage of fast glycolytic fiber. In addition, LT significantly increased the succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities and increased the LDH activities. In addition, LT significantly affected mitochondrial biogenesis and function and antioxidative related genes expression, and increased the protein expression of p-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and decreased the Keap1 protein levels. Furthermore, our data indicated that LT significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of prospero-related homeobox 1 (Prox1), calcineurin A (CnA), and NFATc1, suggesting that dietary LT supplementation promoted skeletal muscle fiber transition from types II to I might be via activation of calcineurin signaling pathway. Taken together, these findings suggested that LT promoted the transformation of muscle fiber types from slow oxidative to fast glycolytic by increasing antioxidant capacity and improving mitochondrial biogenesis and function and activation of calcineurin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lili Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yaning Qin
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhengyu Mao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Gang Jia
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Guangmang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, PR China
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Huang W, Chen YY, Li ZQ, He FF, Zhang C. Recent Advances in the Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetic Kidney Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810882. [PMID: 36142794 PMCID: PMC9506036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide. The treatment of DKD is strongly associated with clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Traditional therapeutic strategies focus on the control of major risk factors, such as blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors have been the main therapeutic measures in the past, but the emergence of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, incretin mimetics, and endothelin-1 receptor antagonists has provided more options for the management of DKD. Simultaneously, with advances in research on the pathogenesis of DKD, some new therapies targeting renal inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress have gradually entered clinical application. In addition, some recently discovered therapeutic targets and signaling pathways, mainly in preclinical and early clinical trial stages, are expected to provide benefits for patients with DKD in the future. This review summarizes the traditional treatments and emerging management options for DKD, demonstrating recent advances in the therapeutic strategies for DKD.
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Ismail Y, Fahmy DM, Ghattas MH, Ahmed MM, Zehry W, Saleh SM, Abo-elmatty DM. Integrating experimental model, LC-MS/MS chemical analysis, and systems biology approach to investigate the possible antidiabetic effect and mechanisms of Matricaria aurea (Golden Chamomile) in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924478. [PMID: 36160451 PMCID: PMC9490514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous disease with numerous abnormal targets and pathways involved in insulin resistance, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, beta cell dysfunction, and epigenetic factors. Botanical drugs provide a large chemical space that can modify various targets simultaneously. Matricaria aurea (MA, golden chamomile) is a widely used herb in Middle Eastern communities for many ailments, including diabetes mellitus, without any scientific basis to support this tradition. For the first time, this study aimed to investigate the possible antidiabetic activity of MA in a type 2 diabetic rat model, identify chemical constituents by LC-MS/MS, and then elucidate the molecular mechanism(s) using enzyme activity assays, q-RTPCR gene expression analysis, network pharmacology analysis, and molecular docking simulation. Our results demonstrated that only the polar hydroethanolic extract of MA had remarkable antidiabetic activity. Furthermore, it improved dyslipidemia, insulin resistance status, ALT, and AST levels. LC-MS/MS analysis of MA hydroethanolic extract identified 62 compounds, including the popular chamomile flavonoids apigenin and luteolin, other flavonoids and their glycosides, coumarin derivatives, and phenolic acids. Based on pharmacokinetic screening and literature, 46 compounds were chosen for subsequent network analysis, which linked to 364 candidate T2DM targets from various databases and literature. The network analysis identified 123 hub proteins, including insulin signaling and metabolic proteins: IRS1, IRS2, PIK3R1, AKT1, AKT2, MAPK1, MAPK3, and PCK1, inflammatory proteins: TNF and IL1B, antioxidant enzymes: CAT and SOD, and others. Subsequent filtering identified 40 crucial core targets (major hubs) of MA in T2DM treatment. Functional enrichment analyses of the candidate targets revealed that MA targets were mainly involved in the inflammatory module, energy-sensing/endocrine/metabolic module, and oxidative stress module. q-RTPCR gene expression analysis showed that MA hydroethanolic extract was able to significantly upregulate PIK3R1 and downregulate IL1B, PCK1, and MIR29A. Moreover, the activity of the antioxidant hub enzymes was substantially increased. Molecular docking scores were also consistent with the networks’ predictions. Based on experimental and computational analysis, this study revealed for the first time that MA exerted antidiabetic action via simultaneous modulation of multiple targets and pathways, including inflammatory pathways, energy-sensing/endocrine/metabolic pathways, and oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassin Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Natural Products Unit, Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Yassin Ismail,
| | - Dina M. Fahmy
- Natural Products Unit, Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maivel H. Ghattas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mai M. Ahmed
- Natural Products Unit, Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Zehry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Samy M. Saleh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dina M. Abo-elmatty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Polaka S, Katare P, Pawar B, Vasdev N, Gupta T, Rajpoot K, Sengupta P, Tekade RK. Emerging ROS-Modulating Technologies for Augmentation of the Wound Healing Process. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30657-30672. [PMID: 36092613 PMCID: PMC9453976 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is considered a double-edged sword. The slightly elevated level of ROS helps in wound healing by inhibiting microbial infection. In contrast, excessive ROS levels in the wound site show deleterious effects on wound healing by extending the inflammation phase. Understanding the ROS-mediated molecular and biomolecular mechanisms and their effect on cellular homeostasis and inflammation thus substantially improves the possibility of exogenously augmenting and manipulating wound healing with the emerging antioxidant therapeutics. This review comprehensively delves into the relationship between ROS and critical phases of wound healing and the processes underpinning antioxidant therapies. The manuscript also discusses cutting-edge antioxidant therapeutics that act via ROS scavenging to enhance chronic wound healing.
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Mukai E, Fujimoto S, Inagaki N. Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Glucose Metabolism Disorder in Diabetic Pancreatic β-Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091228. [PMID: 36139067 PMCID: PMC9496160 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells plays a central role in the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin secretory defects in β-cells are characterized by a selective impairment of glucose stimulation, and a reduction in glucose-induced ATP production, which is essential for insulin secretion. High glucose metabolism for insulin secretion generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria. In addition, the expression of antioxidant enzymes is very low in β-cells. Therefore, β-cells are easily exposed to oxidative stress. In islet studies using a nonobese T2DM animal model that exhibits selective impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion (GSIS), quenching ROS generated by glucose stimulation and accumulated under glucose toxicity can improve impaired GSIS. Acute ROS generation and toxicity cause glucose metabolism disorders through different molecular mechanisms. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor, is a master regulator of antioxidant defense and a potential therapeutic target in oxidative stress-related diseases, suggesting the possible involvement of Nrf2 in β-cell dysfunction caused by ROS. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of insulin secretory defects induced by oxidative stress in diabetic β-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Mukai
- Medical Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 5258577, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Shimpei Fujimoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 7838505, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
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Jia C, Wang R, Long T, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Peng R, Zhang X, Guo H, Yang H, Wu T, He M. NRF2 Genetic Polymorphism Modifies the Association of Plasma Selenium Levels With Incident Coronary Heart Disease Among Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2022; 71:2009-2019. [PMID: 35713896 DOI: 10.2337/db21-1124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Plasma selenium and NRF2 promoter variants (e.g., rs6721961) are associated with cardiovascular disease risk in the general population. However, epidemiological evidence on the interaction between plasma selenium and NRF2 genetic susceptibility in relation to incident coronary heart disease (CHD) risk remains scarce, especially among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Thus, we examined whether rs6721961 in the NRF2 gene might modify the association between plasma selenium levels and incident CHD risk among people with T2D. During a mean (SD) follow-up period of 6.90 (2.96) years, 798 incident CHD cases were identified among 2,251 T2D cases. Risk-allele carriers of rs6721961 had a higher risk of incident CHD among people with T2D (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.17; 95% CI 1.02-1.35) versus nonrisk-allele carriers. Each 22.8-μg/L increase in plasma selenium levels was associated with a reduced risk of incident CHD among risk-allele carriers with T2D (HR 0.80; 95% CI 0.71-0.89), whereas no association was found in those without risk alleles (P for interaction = 0.004), indicating that the NRF2 promoter polymorphism might modify the association between plasma selenium levels and incident CHD risk among people with T2D. Our study findings suggest redox-related genetic variants should be considered to identify populations that might benefit most from selenium supplementation. More mechanistic studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Jia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruixin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tengfei Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Peng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Handong Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dongfeng Central Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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46
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Li X, Li D, Zhang G, Zeng Y, Monteiro-Riviere NA, Chang YZ, Li Y. Biocorona modulates the inflammatory response induced by gold nanoparticles in human epidermal keratinocytes. Toxicol Lett 2022; 369:34-42. [PMID: 36057382 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The functional activities of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on biological systems depend on their physical-chemical properties and their surface functionalizations. Within a biological environment and depending on their surface characteristics, NPs can adsorb biomolecules (mostly proteins) present in the microenvironment, thereby forming a dynamic biomolecular corona on the surface. The presence of this biocorona changes the physical-chemical and functional properties of the NPs and how it interacts with cells. Here, we show that primary human epidermal keratinocytes (HEK) exposed in culture to branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI)-AuNPs, but not to lipoic acid (LA)-AuNPs, show potent particle uptake, decreased viability and enhanced production of inflammatory factors, while the presence of a human plasma-derived biocorona decreased NPs uptake and rescued cells from BPEI-AuNP-induced cell death. The mechanistic study revealed that the intracellular oxidative level greatly increased after the BPEI-AuNPs treatment, and the transcriptomic analysis showed that the dominant modulated pathways were related to oxidative stress and an antioxidant response. The stress level measured by flow cytometry also showed a significant decrease in the presence of a biocorona. Further anaylsis discovered that nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor (Nrf2), a major regulator of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory gene, as the key factor related to the AuNPs induced oxidative stress and inflammation. This study provides futher understanding into the mechanisms on how NPs-induced cellular stress and reveals the protective effects of a biocorona on inflammatory responses in HEK at the molecular level, which provides important insights into the biological responses of AuNPs and their biocorona.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejin Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, Hebei, China; Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongjie Li
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, Hebei, China; Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yanqiao Zeng
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nancy A Monteiro-Riviere
- Nanotechnology Innovation Center of Kansas State, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506 USA
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, Hebei, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Laboratory of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518055, Shenzhen, China.
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Xu Z, Li S, Li K, Wang X, Li X, An M, Yu X, Long X, Zhong R, Liu Q, Wang X, Yang Y, Tian N. Urolithin A ameliorates diabetic retinopathy via activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Endocr J 2022; 69:971-982. [PMID: 35321989 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej21-0490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and is characterised by excessive inflammation and oxidative stress. Urolithin A (UA), a major metabolite of ellagic acid, exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions in various human diseases. This study, for the first time, uncovered the role of UA in DR pathogenesis. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were used to determine the effects of UA on blood glucose levels, retinal structures, inflammation, and oxidative stress. High glucose (HG)-induced human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) were used to elucidate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms of UA in DR in vitro. The in vivo experiments demonstrated that UA injection reduced blood glucose levels, decreased albumin and vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations, and ameliorated the injured retinal structures caused by DR. UA administration also inhibited inflammation and oxidative damage in the retinal tissues of diabetic rats. Similar anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of UA were observed in HRECs induced by HG. Furthermore, we found that UA elevated the levels of nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 both in vivo and in vitro. Nrf2 silencing reversed the inhibitory effects of UA on inflammation and oxidative stress during DR progression. Together, our findings indicate that UA can ameliorate DR by repressing inflammation and oxidative stress via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which suggests that UA could be an effective drug for clinical DR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 529000, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Songtao Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Kunmeng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Meixia An
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangdong Province, 510630, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Xinguang Long
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 529000, China
| | - Ruiying Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Qiuhong Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
| | - Ni Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, 510504, China
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Sadeghiani G, Khanehzad M, Sadighi Gilani MA, Amidi F, Malekzadeh M, Rastegar T. Evaluation of Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway in the Presence of Pentoxifylline as a Cryoprotectant in Mouse Spermatogonial Stem Cells. Biopreserv Biobank 2022. [PMID: 36006661 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of spermatogonial stem cell cryopreservation (SSCs) in young male cancer survivors is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA fragmentation, apoptosis, decreased cell activity, and finally reduced fertility of SSCs. Therefore, it is necessary to add cryoprotectants to the freezing medium to minimize the injuries associated with cryopreservation. In addition, the Nrf2/ARE pathway is a main cellular pathway that regulates the antioxidant defense system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cryoprotective effect of pentoxifylline (PTX) on SSCs after freezing-thawing through the Nrf2/ARE pathway. SSCs extracted from neonatal mice testes were isolated and their purity was measured by flow cytometry with GDNF family receptor alpha-1 (GFRα1) and inhibitor of differentiation 4 (ID4). After culturing, the cells were frozen in different groups for 1 month. After freezing-thawing, cell viability, colonization rate, and intracellular ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were evaluated. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were done to assess the expression levels of Nrf2, Keap-1, PI3K, and AKT genes and proteins. The survival and colonization rates of SSCs, SOD, and CAT levels, and Nrf2, PI3K, and AKT expression levels were significantly higher in the PTX group compared with the other cryopreservation groups. The Keap-1 expression level and the ROS and MDA production levels also decreased significantly in the PTX group (p-value <0.05). According to our findings, PTX can activate the antioxidant defense through the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway; therefore, it could be a suitable cryoprotectant candidate for freezing and long-term storage of SSCs in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Sadeghiani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khanehzad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fardin Amidi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Malekzadeh
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Rastegar
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Stancic A, Velickovic K, Markelic M, Grigorov I, Saksida T, Savic N, Vucetic M, Martinovic V, Ivanovic A, Otasevic V. Involvement of Ferroptosis in Diabetes-Induced Liver Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169309. [PMID: 36012572 PMCID: PMC9409200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death plays an important role in diabetes-induced liver dysfunction. Ferroptosis is a newly defined regulated cell death caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Our previous studies have shown that high glucose and streptozotocin (STZ) cause β-cell death through ferroptosis and that ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), an inhibitor of ferroptosis, improves β-cell viability, islet morphology, and function. This study was aimed to examine in vivo the involvement of ferroptosis in diabetes-related pathological changes in the liver. For this purpose, male C57BL/6 mice, in which diabetes was induced with STZ (40 mg/kg/5 consecutive days), were treated with Fer-1 (1 mg/kg, from day 1–21 day). It was found that in diabetic mice Fer-1 improved serum levels of ALT and triglycerides and decreased liver fibrosis, hepatocytes size, and binucleation. This improvement was due to the Fer-1-induced attenuation of ferroptotic events in the liver of diabetic mice, such as accumulation of pro-oxidative parameters (iron, lipofuscin, 4-HNE), decrease in expression level/activity of antioxidative defense-related molecules (GPX4, Nrf2, xCT, GSH, GCL, HO-1, SOD), and HMGB1 translocation from nucleus into cytosol. We concluded that ferroptosis contributes to diabetes-related pathological changes in the liver and that the targeting of ferroptosis represents a promising approach in the management of diabetes-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Stancic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (V.O.); Tel.: +381-11-207-8430 (A.S. & V.O.); Fax: +381-11-276-1433 (A.S. & V.O.)
| | - Ksenija Velickovic
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Markelic
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ilijana Grigorov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Saksida
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena Savic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Vucetic
- Medical Biology Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM), 98000 Monaco, Monaco
| | - Vesna Martinovic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andjelija Ivanovic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vesna Otasevic
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (V.O.); Tel.: +381-11-207-8430 (A.S. & V.O.); Fax: +381-11-276-1433 (A.S. & V.O.)
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An Overview of NRF2-Activating Compounds Bearing α,β-Unsaturated Moiety and Their Antioxidant Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158466. [PMID: 35955599 PMCID: PMC9369284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The surge of scientific interest in the discovery of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 (NFE2)-Related Factor 2 (NRF2)-activating molecules underscores the importance of NRF2 as a therapeutic target especially for oxidative stress. The chemical reactivity and biological activities of several bioactive compounds have been linked to the presence of α,β-unsaturated structural systems. The α,β-unsaturated carbonyl, sulfonyl and sulfinyl functional groups are reportedly the major α,β-unsaturated moieties involved in the activation of the NRF2 signaling pathway. The carbonyl, sulfonyl and sulfinyl groups are generally electron-withdrawing groups, and the presence of the α,β-unsaturated structure qualifies them as suitable electrophiles for Michael addition reaction with nucleophilic thiols of cysteine residues within the proximal negative regulator of NRF2, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1). The physicochemical property such as good lipophilicity of these moieties is also an advantage because it ensures solubility and membrane permeability required for the activation of the cytosolic NRF2/KEAP1 system. This review provides an overview of the reaction mechanism of α,β-unsaturated moiety-bearing compounds with the NRF2/KEAP1 complex, their pharmacological properties, structural activity-relationship and their effect on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. As the first of its kind, this review article offers collective and comprehensive information on NRF2-activators containing α,β-unsaturated moiety with the aim of broadening their therapeutic prospects in a wide range of oxidative stress-related diseases.
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