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Kong YH, Huang JY, Ding Y, Chen SH, Li QS, Xiong Y. The effect of BMI on survival outcome of breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03563-9. [PMID: 39012453 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03563-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main goal of the present research is to explore the potential link of body mass index (BMI) with different survival metrics in breast cancer patients. Our aim is to offer the latest and most thorough meta-analysis, assessing the strength and reliability of the connection that BMI has with prognostic indicators in this disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS As of January 2024, we conducted a systematic literature search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases. Our search aimed to identify studies examining BMI as an exposure factor, with breast cancer patients constituting the study population, and utilizing adjusted hazard ratio (HR) as the data type of interest. RESULTS The evidence synthesis incorporated a total of 61 eligible articles involving 201,006 patients. Being underweight posed a risk factor for overall survival (OS) in breast cancer patients compared to normal weight (HR 1.15, 95% CI 0.98-1.35; P = 0.08). Overweight or obesity, in comparison to normal weight, was a risk factor for OS (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.14-1.23; P < 0.00001), disease-free survival (DFS) (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.08-1.13; P < 0.00001), relapse-free survival (RFS) (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06-1.22; P = 0.03), and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.11-1.26; P < 0.00001), but not for progression-free survival (PFS) (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.76-1.10; P = 0.33). Notably, in subgroup analyses, overweight patients achieved prolonged PFS (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-0.99; P = 0.04), and compared to the obese population, the overweight cohort exhibited a significant difference in OS (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.05-1.16; P < 0.00001) and DFS (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.10; P = 0.0004), with a considerably stronger association. Furthermore, compared to HER- patients, HER + patients exhibited a greater predictive value for OS (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10-1.37; P = 0.0004), RFS (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.64; P < 0.00001), and DFS (HR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03-1.17; P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The results of our meta-analysis reveal a notable association between BMI and various survival measures in breast cancer prognosis. These findings provide a solid basis for predicting breast cancer outcomes and implementing more effective therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Huan Kong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing-Yi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu-Hua Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Li
- Center of Clinical Evaluation and Analysis, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yang Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
- Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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2
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Insulin-like growth factor-1 stimulates retinal cell proliferation via activation of multiple signaling pathways. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 4:100068. [PMID: 36589675 PMCID: PMC9800307 DOI: 10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays critical roles in the development of the central nervous system (CNS), including the retina, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Here, we investigated the role of IGF-1 on retinal cell proliferation using primary cultures from rat neural retina. Our data show that IGF-1 stimulates retinal cell proliferation and regulates the expression of neurotrophic factors, such as interleukin-4 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. In addition, our results indicates that IGF-1-induced retinal cell proliferation requires activation of multiple signaling pathways, including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase Src, phospholipase-C, protein kinase C delta, and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. We further show that activation of matrix metalloproteinases and epidermal growth factor receptor is also necessary for IGF-1 enhancing retinal cell proliferation. Overall, these results unveil potential mechanisms by which IGF-1 ensures retinal cell proliferation and support the notion that manipulation of IGF-1 signaling may be beneficial in CNS disorders associated with abnormal cell proliferation.
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3
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Buonaiuto R, Napolitano F, Parola S, De Placido P, Forestieri V, Pecoraro G, Servetto A, Formisano L, Formisano P, Giuliano M, Arpino G, De Placido S, De Angelis C. Insight on the Role of Leptin: A Bridge from Obesity to Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101394. [PMID: 36291602 PMCID: PMC9599120 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a peptide hormone, mainly known for its role as a mediator of adipose tissue endocrine functions, such as appetite control and energy homeostasis. In addition, leptin signaling is involved in several physiological processes as modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses and regulation of sex hormone levels. When adipose tissue expands, an imbalance of adipokines secretion may occur and increasing leptin levels contribute to promoting a chronic inflammatory state, which is largely acknowledged as a hallmark of cancer. Indeed, upon binding its receptor (LEPR), leptin activates several oncogenic pathways, such as JAK/STAT, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT, and seems to affect cancer immune response by inducing a proinflammatory immune polarization and eventually enhancing T-cell exhaustion. In particular, obesity-associated hyperleptinemia has been related to breast cancer risk development, although the underlying mechanism is yet to be completely clarified and needs to be deemed in light of multiple variables, such as menopausal state and immune response. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the potential role of leptin as a bridge between obesity and breast cancer and to establish the physio-pathological basis of the linkage between these major health concerns in order to identify appropriate and novel therapeutic strategies to adopt in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Buonaiuto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Napolitano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Parola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Forestieri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pecoraro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Servetto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Formisano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Formisano
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Giuliano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Grazia Arpino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabino De Placido
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine De Angelis
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
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4
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Papakonstantinou E, Piperigkou Z, Karamanos NK, Zolota V. Altered Adipokine Expression in Tumor Microenvironment Promotes Development of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4139. [PMID: 36077676 PMCID: PMC9454958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a remarkably important factor for breast carcinogenesis and aggressiveness. The implication of increased BMI in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) development is also well established. A malignancy-promoting role of the adipose tissue has been supposed, where the adipocytes that constitute the majority of stromal cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. Alterations in adipokines and their receptors play significant roles in breast cancer initiation, progression, metastasis, and drug response. Classic adipokines, such as leptin, adiponectin, and resistin, have been extensively studied in breast cancer and connected with breast cancer risk and progression. Notably, new molecules are constantly being discovered and the list is continuously growing. Additionally, substantial progress has been made concerning their differential expression in association with clinical and pathological parameters of tumors and the prognostic and predictive value of their dysregulation in breast cancer carcinogenesis. However, evidence regarding the mechanisms by which adipose tissue is involved in the development of TNBC is lacking. In the present article we comment on current data on the suggested involvement of these mediators in breast cancer development and progression, with particular emphasis on TNBC, to draw attention to the design of novel targeted therapies and biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthymia Papakonstantinou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece or
| | - Zoi Piperigkou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Nikos K. Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis and Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Kinoshita Y, Arita S, Ogawa T, Takenouchi A, Inagaki-Ohara K. Augmented leptin-induced trefoil factor 3 expression and epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation differentially influences neoplasia progression in the stomach and colorectum of dietary fat-induced obese mice. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 729:109379. [PMID: 36002083 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for gastrointestinal malignancies and tumors. However, which factors either protect or predispose the gastrointestinal organs to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced neoplasia remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that HFD impacts the stomach to a greater extent as compared to the colorectum, resulting in leptin receptor (LepR) signaling-mediated neoplasia in the tissues. HFD activated leptin signaling, which in turn, accelerates the pathogenesis in the gastric mucosa more than that in the colorectum along with ectopic TFF3 expression. Moreover, in the stomach, higher levels of phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in addition to the activation of STAT3 and Akt were observed as compared to the colorectum. The mice with LepR deletion in the gastrointestinal epithelium exhibited a suppressed induction of leptin, TFF3, and phosphorylated EGFR in the stomach, whereas the levels in the colorectum were insignificant. In co-transfected COS-7 cells with LepR and EGFR plasmid DNA, leptin transactivated EGFR to accelerate TFF3 induction along with activation of STAT3, ERK1/2, Akt, and PI3K p85/p55. Furthermore, TFF3 could bind to EGFR but did not transactivate LepR. Leptin-induced TFF3 induction was markedly suppressed by inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002) and EGFR (Erlotinib). Together, these results suggest a novel role of LepR-mediated signaling in transactivating EGFR that leads to TFF3 expression via the PI3K-Akt pathway. Therefore, this study sheds light on the identification of potentially new therapeutic targets for the treatment of pre-cancerous symptoms in stomach and colorectum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kinoshita
- Division of Host Defense, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Seiya Arita
- Division of Host Defense, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Takumi Ogawa
- Division of Host Defense, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Ayane Takenouchi
- Division of Host Defense, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Kyoko Inagaki-Ohara
- Division of Host Defense, Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 5562 Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima, 727-0023, Japan.
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Metformin Enhances the Anti-Cancer Efficacy of Sorafenib via Suppressing MAPK/ERK/Stat3 Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158083. [PMID: 35897659 PMCID: PMC9329836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence, as well as related mortality, has been steadily increasing in the USA and across the globe, partly due to the lack of effective therapeutic options for advanced HCC. Though sorafenib is considered standard-of-care for advanced HCC, it only improves median survival by a few months when compared to placebo. Sorafenib is also associated with several unpleasant side effects that often lead to early abatement of therapy. Here, we investigate whether a combination regimen including low-dose sorafenib and a non-toxic dose of anti-diabetic drug metformin can achieve effective inhibition of HCC. Indeed, combining metformin with low-dose sorafenib inhibited growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion potential of HCC cells. We observed a 5.3- and 1.9-fold increase in sub-G1 population in the combination treatment compared to sorafenib alone. We found that the combination of metformin enhanced the efficacy of sorafenib and inhibited the MAPK/ERK/Stat3 axis. Our in vivo studies corroborated the in vitro findings, and mice harboring HepG2-derived tumors showed effective tumor reduction upon treatment with low-dose sorafenib and metformin combination. This work sheds light on a therapeutic strategy aiming to augment sorafenib efficacy or dose-de-escalation that may prove beneficial in circumventing sorafenib resistance as well as minimizing related side effects.
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7
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Palleschi M, Prochowski Iamurri A, Scarpi E, Mariotti M, Maltoni R, Mannozzi F, Barone D, Paganelli G, Casi M, Giampalma E, De Giorgi U, Rocca A. Computed tomography based analyses of body mass composition in HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer patients undergoing first line treatment with pertuzumab and trastuzumab. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3385. [PMID: 35233007 PMCID: PMC8888586 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Body composition parameters (BCp) have been associated with outcome in different tumor types. However, their prognostic value in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (BC) receiving first line treatment with dual anti-HER2 antibody blockade is unknown. Preclinical evidences suggest that adipocytes adjacent to BC cells can influence response to anti-HER2 treatments. We retrospectively analyzed Computed Tomography (CT)-based BCp from 43 patients with HER2-positive metastatic BC who received first line pertuzumab/trastuzumab-based treatment between May 2009 and March 2020. The impact of baseline CT-based BCp on progression-free survival (PFS) was tested using Kaplan–Meier estimates and univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. We found a significantly worse PFS for patients with high baseline subcutaneous fat index (median 7.9 vs 16.1 months, p = 0.047, HR = 2.04, 95%CI 1–4.17) and for those with high total abdominal fat index (8.1 vs 18.8 months, p = 0.030, HR = 2.17, 95%CI 1.06–4.46). Patients with baseline sarcopenia did not show shorter PFS compared to those without sarcopenia (10.4 vs 9.2 months, p = 0.960, HR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.47–2.03). Total abdominal fat index remained a significant predictor of PFS at multivariate analysis. Our findings suggest that a high quantity of total abdominal fat tissue is a poor prognostic factor in patients receiving trastuzumab/pertuzumab-based first-line treatment for HER2-positive metastatic BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Palleschi
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Andrea Prochowski Iamurri
- Radiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy.
| | - Emanuela Scarpi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Marita Mariotti
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Roberta Maltoni
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Francesca Mannozzi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Domenico Barone
- Radiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Giovanni Paganelli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Michela Casi
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Bufalini Hospital, AUSL Della Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Emanuela Giampalma
- Radiology Department, Bufalini Hospital, AUSL Della Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Ugo De Giorgi
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Andrea Rocca
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
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8
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Zhu L, Yang F, Dong L, Wang G, Li Q, Zhong C. Novel evidence of obesity paradox in esophageal adenocarcinoma: perspective on genes that uncouple adiposity from dismal outcomes. J Cancer 2022; 13:436-449. [PMID: 35069893 PMCID: PMC8771516 DOI: 10.7150/jca.65138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a strong risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Nevertheless, not all the patients with EAC are obesity, and a substantial proportion of obesity patients don't suffer from poor prognoses. The mechanisms behind the “obesity paradox” that uncouple obesity from dismal outcomes in EAC are unclear. This study aimed to explore the “obesity-guarding” genes (OGG) profiles and their prognostic values in patients with EAC. Methods: Gene expression data and clinical information of patients with EAC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Enrichment analysis was used to explore the OGG functions and pathways. Cox regression analysis and nomogram model were performed to investigate the OGG prognostic values for overall survival (OS). In addition, relations between OGG and immune cells were assessed by the “CIBERSORT” algorithm and the Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) tool. Finally, the results were experimentally validated in real-world study. Results: A total of 69 OGG were retrieved, and 17 significantly differentially expressed genes (SDEG) were identified between normal and EAC tissues. Enrichment analysis showed the OGG were enriched in the mitochondrion-related and various receptor pathways. Univariate Cox regression results showed that the MCM6, ATXN2 and CSK were significantly associated with OS (P=0.036, 0.039, 0.046, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed MCM6 and CSK were independent prognostic genes for OS (P=0.025, 0.041, respectively). Nomogram demonstrated that the OGG had good predictive abilities for the 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS. Immunity analysis demonstrated that OGG were significantly associated with immune cells (P <0.05). In addition, clinical correlation analysis revealed that the OGG had significant relations with clinical parameters (P <0.05). The experiment results confirmed that the SDEG were significantly different between normal and EAC tissues (P <0.05). Conclusions: We identified the OGG expression profiles that may uncouple obesity from poor survival in patients with EAC. They have prognostic values in predicting patients' OS, and may be exploited for prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Fugui Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Guangxue Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Qinchuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chunlong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
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9
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Liu XZ, Rulina A, Choi MH, Pedersen L, Lepland J, Takle ST, Madeleine N, Peters SD, Wogsland CE, Grøndal SM, Lorens JB, Goodarzi H, Lønning PE, Knappskog S, Molven A, Halberg N. C/EBPB-dependent adaptation to palmitic acid promotes tumor formation in hormone receptor negative breast cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:69. [PMID: 35013251 PMCID: PMC8748947 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established a positive association between obesity and the incidence of postmenopausal breast cancer. Moreover, it is known that obesity promotes stem cell-like properties of breast cancer cells. However, the cancer cell-autonomous mechanisms underlying this correlation are not well defined. Here we demonstrate that obesity-associated tumor formation is driven by cellular adaptation rather than expansion of pre-existing clones within the cancer cell population. While there is no correlation with specific mutations, cellular adaptation to obesity is governed by palmitic acid (PA) and leads to enhanced tumor formation capacity of breast cancer cells. This process is governed epigenetically through increased chromatin occupancy of the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPB). Obesity-induced epigenetic activation of C/EBPB regulates cancer stem-like properties by modulating the expression of key downstream regulators including CLDN1 and LCN2. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that obesity drives cellular adaptation to PA drives tumor initiation in the obese setting through activation of a C/EBPB dependent transcriptional network. Obesity is linked to cancer risk in post-menopausal breast cancer. At the molecular level this is governed by cellular adaption to palmitic acid through epigenetic activation of a C/EBPB-dependent transcriptional network that drives tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zheng Liu
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anastasiia Rulina
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Man Hung Choi
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Line Pedersen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Johanna Lepland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sina T Takle
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Noelly Madeleine
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | - James B Lorens
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hani Goodarzi
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Per E Lønning
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stian Knappskog
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Molven
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Halberg
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.
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10
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Siddharth S, Parida S, Muniraj N, Hercules S, Lim D, Nagalingam A, Wang C, Gyorffy B, Daniel JM, Sharma D. Concomitant activation of GLI1 and Notch1 contributes to racial disparity of human triple negative breast cancer progression. eLife 2021; 10:70729. [PMID: 34889737 PMCID: PMC8664295 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mortality from triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is significantly higher in African American (AA) women compared to White American (WA) women emphasizing ethnicity as a major risk factor; however, the molecular determinants that drive aggressive progression of AA-TNBC remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that AA-TNBC cells are inherently aggressive, exhibiting elevated growth, migration, and cancer stem-like phenotype compared to WA-TNBC cells. Meta-analysis of RNA-sequencing data of multiple AA- and WA-TNBC cell lines shows enrichment of GLI1 and Notch1 pathways in AA-TNBC cells. Enrichment of GLI1 and Notch1 pathway genes was observed in AA-TNBC. In line with this observation, analysis of TCGA dataset reveals a positive correlation between GLI1 and Notch1 in AA-TNBC and a negative correlation in WA-TNBC. Increased nuclear localization and interaction between GLI1 and Notch1 is observed in AA-TNBC cells. Of importance, inhibition of GLI1 and Notch1 synergistically improves the efficacy of chemotherapy in AA-TNBC cells. Combined treatment of AA-TNBC-derived tumors with GANT61, DAPT, and doxorubicin/carboplatin results in significant tumor regression, and tumor-dissociated cells show mitigated migration, invasion, mammosphere formation, and CD44+/CD24- population. Indeed, secondary tumors derived from triple-therapy-treated AA-TNBC tumors show diminished stem-like phenotype. Finally, we show that TNBC tumors from AA women express significantly higher level of GLI1 and Notch1 expression in comparison to TNBC tumors from WA women. This work sheds light on the racial disparity in TNBC, implicates the GLI1 and Notch1 axis as its functional mediators, and proposes a triple-combination therapy that can prove beneficial for AA-TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Siddharth
- Dept. of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, United States
| | - Sheetal Parida
- Dept. of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, United States
| | - Nethaji Muniraj
- Dept. of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, United States
| | - Shawn Hercules
- Department of Biology, MacMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - David Lim
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, United States
| | - Arumugam Nagalingam
- Dept. of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, United States
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, United States
| | - Balazs Gyorffy
- MTA TTK Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University, Department of Bioinformatics and 2nd Dept. of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Juliet M Daniel
- Department of Biology, MacMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Dept. of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, United States
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11
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Abstract
Rates of obesity and diabetes have increased significantly over the past decades and the prevalence is expected to continue to rise further in the coming years. Many observations suggest that obesity and diabetes are associated with an increased risk of developing several types of cancers, including liver, pancreatic, endometrial, colorectal, and post-menopausal breast cancer. The path towards developing obesity and diabetes is affected by multiple factors, including adipokines, inflammatory cytokines, growth hormones, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. The metabolic abnormalities associated with changes in the levels of these factors in obesity and diabetes have the potential to significantly contribute to the development and progression of cancer through the regulation of distinct signaling pathways. Here, we highlight the cellular and molecular pathways that constitute the links between obesity, diabetes, cancer risk and mortality. This includes a description of the existing evidence supporting the obesity-driven morphological and functional alternations of cancer cells and adipocytes through complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Seok Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Corresponding author: Philipp E. Scherer https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0680-3392 Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, USA E-mail:
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12
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Jin TY, Saindane M, Park KS, Kim S, Nam S, Yoo Y, Yang JH, Yun I. LEP as a potential biomarker in prognosis of breast cancer: Systemic review and meta analyses (PRISMA). Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26896. [PMID: 34414945 PMCID: PMC8376305 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity strongly affects the prognosis of various malignancies, including breast cancer. Leptin (LEP) may be associated with obesity and breast cancer prognosis. The purpose of our study was to determine the prognostic value of LEP in breast cancer. METHOD We conducted a multi-omic analysis to determine the prognostic role of LEP. Different public bioinformatics platforms (Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, University of California Santa Cruz Xena, bc-GenExMiner, PrognoScan database, R2-Kaplan-Meier Scanner, UALCAN, Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database , and The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery) were used to evaluate the roles of LEP. Clinicopathological variables were evaluated. RESULTS LEP was downregulated in breast cancer tissues compared to levels in normal tissues. By co-expressed gene analysis, a positive correlation between LEP and SLC19A3 was observed. Based on the clinicopathological analysis, low LEP expression was associated with older age, higher stage, lymph node status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, estrogen receptor (ER+) positivity, and progesterone receptor (PR+) positivity. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that low LEP expression indicated a poorer prognosis. LEP is hypermethylated in breast cancer tissues in PrognoScan and R2-Kaplan Meier Scanner, and low LEP expression was correlated with poor prognosis. LEP protein-protein interactions were analyzed using Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database. Gene ontology analysis results showed that cellular component is mainly associated with the endosome lumen, cytosol, and secretory granules and is upregulated. For the biological process energy reserve, metabolic processes exhibited the greatest regulation compared to the others. In molecular function, it was mainly enriched in a variety of combinations, but hormone activity showed the highest regulation. CONCLUSION Our study provides evidence for the prognostic role of LEP in breast cancer and as a novel potential therapeutic target in such malignancies. Nevertheless, further validation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yi Jin
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Madhuri Saindane
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Sik Park
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - SeongHoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - SangEun Nam
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - YoungBum Yoo
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Yang
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - IkJin Yun
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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13
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Nagalingam A, Siddharth S, Parida S, Muniraj N, Avtanski D, Kuppusamy P, Elsey J, Arbiser JL, Győrffy B, Sharma D. Hyperleptinemia in obese state renders luminal breast cancers refractory to tamoxifen by coordinating a crosstalk between Med1, miR205 and ErbB. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:105. [PMID: 34389732 PMCID: PMC8363746 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer exhibit poor response to therapy and inferior outcomes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which obesity/hyperleptinemia may reduce the efficacy of hormonal therapy remain elusive. Obese mice with hyperleptinemia exhibit increased tumor progression and respond poorly to tamoxifen compared to non-obese mice. Exogenous leptin abrogates tamoxifen-mediated growth inhibition and potentiates breast tumor growth even in the presence of tamoxifen. Mechanistically, leptin induces nuclear translocation of phosphorylated-ER and increases the expression of ER-responsive genes, while reducing tamoxifen-mediated gene repression by abrogating tamoxifen-induced recruitment of corepressors NCoR, SMRT, and Mi2 and potentiating coactivator binding. Furthermore, in silico analysis revealed that coactivator Med1 potentially associates with 48 (out of 74) obesity-signature genes. Interestingly, leptin upregulates Med1 expression by decreasing miR-205, and increases its functional activation via phosphorylation, which is mediated by activation of Her2 and EGFR. It is important to note that Med1 silencing abrogates the negative effects of leptin on tamoxifen efficacy. In addition, honokiol or adiponectin treatment effectively inhibits leptin-induced Med1 expression and improves tamoxifen efficacy in hyperleptinemic state. These studies uncover the mechanistic insights how obese/hyperleptinemic state may contribute to poor response to tamoxifen implicating leptin-miR205-Med1 and leptin-Her2-EGFR-Med1 axes, and present bioactive compound honokiol and adipocytokine adiponectin as agents that can block leptin’s negative effect on tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Nagalingam
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sumit Siddharth
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sheetal Parida
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nethaji Muniraj
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dimiter Avtanski
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Justin Elsey
- Department of Dermatology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Semmelweis University, Department of Bioinformatics and 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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14
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Gameiro A, Urbano AC, Ferreira F. Emerging Biomarkers and Targeted Therapies in Feline Mammary Carcinoma. Vet Sci 2021; 8:164. [PMID: 34437486 PMCID: PMC8402877 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8080164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is a common aggressive malignancy with a low survival rate that lacks viable therapeutic options beyond mastectomy. Recently, increasing efforts have been made to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying FMC development, using the knowledge gained from studies on human breast cancer to discover new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, thus reinforcing the utility of the cat as a cancer model. In this article, we review the current knowledge on FMC pathogenesis, biomarkers, and prognosis factors and offer new insights into novel therapeutic options for HER2-positive and triple-negative FMC subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Ferreira
- CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.G.); (A.C.U.)
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15
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de Candia P, Prattichizzo F, Garavelli S, Alviggi C, La Cava A, Matarese G. The pleiotropic roles of leptin in metabolism, immunity, and cancer. J Exp Med 2021; 218:211994. [PMID: 33857282 PMCID: PMC8056770 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of the archetypal adipocytokine leptin and how it regulates energy homeostasis have represented breakthroughs in our understanding of the endocrine function of the adipose tissue and the biological determinants of human obesity. Investigations on leptin have also been instrumental in identifying physio-pathological connections between metabolic regulation and multiple immunological functions. For example, the description of the promoting activities of leptin on inflammation and cell proliferation have recognized the detrimental effects of leptin in connecting dysmetabolic conditions with cancer and with onset and/or progression of autoimmune disease. Here we review the multiple biological functions and complex framework of operations of leptin, discussing why and how the pleiotropic activities of this adipocytokine still pose major hurdles in the development of effective leptin-based therapeutic opportunities for different clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola de Candia
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Garavelli
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio La Cava
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Istituto per l'Endocrinologia e l'Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy.,T reg Cell Lab, Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli "Federico II," Naples, Italy
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16
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Barrios V, Frago LM, Canelles S, Guerra-Cantera S, Arilla-Ferreiro E, Chowen JA, Argente J. Leptin Modulates the Response of Brown Adipose Tissue to Negative Energy Balance: Implication of the GH/IGF-I Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2827. [PMID: 33799501 PMCID: PMC8001882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis is involved in metabolic control. Malnutrition reduces IGF-I and modifies the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Leptin has effects on the GH/IGF-I axis and the function of BAT, but its interaction with IGF-I and the mechanisms involved in the regulation of thermogenesis remains unknown. We studied the GH/IGF-I axis and activation of IGF-I-related signaling and metabolism related to BAT thermogenesis in chronic central leptin infused (L), pair-fed (PF), and control rats. Hypothalamic somatostatin mRNA levels were increased in PF and decreased in L, while pituitary GH mRNA was reduced in PF. Serum GH and IGF-I concentrations were decreased only in PF. In BAT, the association between suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and the IGF-I receptor was reduced, and phosphorylation of the IGF-I receptor increased in the L group. Phosphorylation of Akt and cyclic AMP response element binding protein and glucose transporter 4 mRNA levels were increased in L and mRNA levels of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) and enzymes involved in lipid anabolism reduced in PF. These results suggest that modifications in UCP-1 in BAT and changes in the GH/IGF-I axis induced by negative energy balance are dependent upon leptin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Barrios
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, E-28009 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.F.); (S.C.); (S.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M. Frago
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, E-28009 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.F.); (S.C.); (S.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Canelles
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, E-28009 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.F.); (S.C.); (S.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Guerra-Cantera
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, E-28009 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.F.); (S.C.); (S.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Arilla-Ferreiro
- Department of Biological Systems, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain;
| | - Julie A. Chowen
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, E-28009 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.F.); (S.C.); (S.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- CEI UAM + CSIC, IMDEA Food Institute, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Argente
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, E-28009 Madrid, Spain; (L.M.F.); (S.C.); (S.G.-C.); (J.A.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28029 Madrid, Spain
- CEI UAM + CSIC, IMDEA Food Institute, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Verma R, Choi D, Chen AJ, Harrington CA, Wilson DJ, Grossniklaus HE, Dailey RA, Ng J, Steele EA, Planck SR, Korn BS, Kikkawa D, Czyz CN, Foster JA, Kazim M, Harris GJ, Edward DP, Al-Hussain H, Maktabi AMY, Alabiad C, Garcia A, Rosenbaum JT. Enrichment of IGF-1R and PPARγ signalling pathways in orbital inflammatory diseases: steps toward understanding pathogenesis. Br J Ophthalmol 2021; 106:1012-1017. [PMID: 33637620 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-318330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orbital inflammatory disease (OID) encompasses a wide range of pathology including thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO), granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), sarcoidosis and non-specific orbital inflammation (NSOI), accounting for up to 6% of orbital diseases. Understanding the underlying pathophysiology of OID can improve diagnosis and help target therapy. AIMS To test the hypothesis that shared signalling pathways are activated in different forms of OID. METHODS In this secondary analysis, pathway analysis was performed on the previously reported differentially expressed genes from orbital adipose tissue using patients with OID and healthy controls who were characterised by microarray. For the original publications, tissue specimens were collected from oculoplastic surgeons at 10 international centres representing four countries (USA, Canada, Australia and Saudi Arabia). Diagnoses were independently confirmed by two masked ocular pathologists (DJW, HEG). Gene expression profiling analysis was performed at the Oregon Health & Science University. Eighty-three participants were included: 25 with TAO, 6 with orbital GPA, 7 with orbital sarcoidosis, 25 with NSOI and 20 healthy controls. RESULTS Among the 83 subjects (mean (SD) age, 52.8 (18.3) years; 70% (n=58) female), those with OID demonstrated perturbation of the downstream gene expressions of the IGF-1R (MAPK/RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), adipocytokine and AMPK signalling pathways compared with healthy controls. Specifically, GPA samples differed from controls in gene expression within the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R, PI3K-Akt (p=0.001), RAS (p=0.005)), PPARγ (p=0.002), adipocytokine (p=0.004) or AMPK (p=<0.001) pathways. TAO, sarcoidosis and NSOI samples were also found to have statistically significant differential gene expression in these pathways. CONCLUSIONS Although OID includes a heterogenous group of pathologies, TAO, GPA, sarcoidosis and NSOI share enrichment of common gene signalling pathways, namely IGF-1R, PPARγ, adipocytokine and AMPK. Pathway analyses of gene expression suggest that other forms of orbital inflammation in addition to TAO may benefit from blockade of IGF-1R signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Verma
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Dongseok Choi
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Allison J Chen
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California San Diego- Shiley Eye Institute and Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Christina A Harrington
- Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - David J Wilson
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | | | - Roger A Dailey
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - John Ng
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Eric A Steele
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Stephen R Planck
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Health System, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Bobby S Korn
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California San Diego- Shiley Eye Institute and Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Don Kikkawa
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of California San Diego- Shiley Eye Institute and Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Craig N Czyz
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ohio Health, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jill A Foster
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Ophthalmic Surgeons and Consultants of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Kazim
- Edward S Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gerald J Harris
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Deepak P Edward
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haila Al-Hussain
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza M Y Maktabi
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chris Alabiad
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Health System Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Armando Garcia
- Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Health System Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - James T Rosenbaum
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA .,Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Health System, Portland, Oregon, USA
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18
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Martel S, Lambertini M, Agbor-Tarh D, Ponde NF, Gombos A, Paterson V, Hilbers F, Korde L, Manukyants A, Dueck A, Maurer C, Piccart M, Moreno-Aspitia A, Desmedt C, Di Cosimo S, de Azambuja E. Body Mass Index and Weight Change in Patients With HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer: Exploratory Analysis of the ALTTO BIG 2-06 Trial. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021; 19:181-189. [PMID: 33401235 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between obesity and prognosis in HER2-positive early breast cancer remains unclear, with limited data available. This study aimed to determine the impact of body mass index (BMI) at baseline and weight change after 2 years on outcomes of patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. METHODS ALTTO was a randomized phase III trial in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. BMI was collected at randomization and 2 years after. WHO BMI categories were used: underweight, <18.5 kg/m2; normal weight, 18.5 to <25 kg/m2; overweight, ≥25 to <30 kg/m2; and obese ≥30 kg/m2. A weight change from baseline of ≥5.0% and ≤5.0% was categorized as weight gain and weight loss. The impact of BMI at randomization and of weight change on disease-free survival (DFS), distant disease-free survival (DDFS), and overall survival (OS) were investigated with multivariate analyses, adjusting for baseline patients and tumor characteristics. RESULTS A total of 8,381 patients were included: 187 (2.2%), 3,797 (45.3%), 2,690 (32.1%), and 1,707 (20.4%) were underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese at baseline, respectively. Compared with normal weight, being obese at randomization was associated with a significantly worse DDFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50) and OS (aHR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.01-1.60), but no significant difference in DFS (aHR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.97-1.32). Weight loss ≥5.0% at 2 years after randomization was associated with significantly poorer DFS (aHR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05-1.71), DDFS (aHR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.07-1.98), and OS (aHR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.18-2.84). Hormone receptor and menopausal status but not anti-HER2 treatment type influenced outcomes. Toxicities were more frequent in obese patients. CONCLUSIONS In patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer, obesity at baseline is a poor prognostic factor. Weight loss during treatment and follow-up negatively impacts clinical outcomes. Dietary counseling should be part of survivorship care programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Martel
- 1Department of Hemato-Oncology, CISSS Montérégie Centre/Hôpital Charles Le Moyne, Université de Sherbrooke, Greenfield Park, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matteo Lambertini
- 2Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medicine, University of Genova, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Noam F Ponde
- 4Department of Medicine, Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Gombos
- 5Institut Jules Bordet and L'Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christian Maurer
- 10University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martine Piccart
- 5Institut Jules Bordet and L'Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Christine Desmedt
- 11Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, Department of Oncology, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | | | - Evandro de Azambuja
- 5Institut Jules Bordet and L'Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
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19
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Hwang KE, Kim HJ, Song IS, Park C, Jung JW, Park DS, Oh SH, Kim YS, Kim HR. Salinomycin suppresses TGF-β1-induced EMT by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 via the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:715-726. [PMID: 33437206 PMCID: PMC7797542 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.50080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salinomycin (Sal) is a recently identified anti-tumor drug for treating several types of solid tumor; however, its effects on the migratory and invasive properties of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. This study investigated the inhibitory effect underlying mechanisms of Salon transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell migration. Sal solidly blocked cell migration and invasion enhancement by TGF-β1-induced EMT, through recovering E-cadherin loss and suppressing mesenchymal markers induction, as well as TGF-β1-mediated AMPK/SIRT signaling activity upregulation. The pharmacologic inhibition or knockdown of AMPK or SIRT1 can act synergistically with Sal to inhibit TGF-β1-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9. In contrast, AMPK or SIRT1 upregulation can protect against TGF-β1-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibition by Sal. Next we demonstrated that the MMP-2 and MMP-9 knockdown can act synergistically with Sal to inhibit TGF-β1-induced EMT. Moreover, treatment of PMA of MMP activator increased TGF-β1-induced MMP-2 and MMP-9, even with Sal. Our results demonstrate that Sal suppresses TGF-β1-induced EMT by downregulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 through the AMPK/SIRT pathway, thereby inhibiting lung cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Eun Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Sol Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wan Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Sim Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Oh
- Department of Premedicine, Chosun University, School of Medicine, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Suk Kim
- Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak-Ryul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
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20
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Obesity is an increasingly prevalent state of energy imbalance that contributes to breast cancer risk and outcomes. The effects of obesity differ by breast cancer subtype and menopause. While most studies have focused on postmenopausal hormone receptor-positive disease, less is known about the relationship between obesity and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here we will review the observations linking obesity to TNBC, the socioeconomic disparities that contribute to obesity-related TNBC, and putative biologic mechanisms. Finally, we will consider the impact of obesity on surgical and medical treatment of TNBC and novel strategies to improve energy balance after cancer diagnosis.
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21
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Vella V, De Francesco EM, Lappano R, Muoio MG, Manzella L, Maggiolini M, Belfiore A. Microenvironmental Determinants of Breast Cancer Metastasis: Focus on the Crucial Interplay Between Estrogen and Insulin/Insulin-Like Growth Factor Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:608412. [PMID: 33364239 PMCID: PMC7753049 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of the great majority of breast cancers (BCs) are mainly dependent on the biological action elicited by estrogens through the classical estrogen receptor (ER), as well as the alternate receptor named G-protein–coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). In addition to estrogens, other hormones and growth factors, including the insulin and insulin-like growth factor system (IIGFs), play a role in BC. IIGFs cooperates with estrogen signaling to generate a multilevel cross-communication that ultimately facilitates the transition toward aggressive and life-threatening BC phenotypes. In this regard, the majority of BC deaths are correlated with the formation of metastatic lesions at distant sites. A thorough scrutiny of the biological and biochemical events orchestrating metastasis formation and dissemination has shown that virtually all cell types within the tumor microenvironment work closely with BC cells to seed cancerous units at distant sites. By establishing an intricate scheme of paracrine interactions that lead to the expression of genes involved in metastasis initiation, progression, and virulence, the cross-talk between BC cells and the surrounding microenvironmental components does dictate tumor fate and patients’ prognosis. Following (i) a description of the main microenvironmental events prompting BC metastases and (ii) a concise overview of estrogen and the IIGFs signaling and their major regulatory functions in BC, here we provide a comprehensive analysis of the most recent findings on the role of these transduction pathways toward metastatic dissemination. In particular, we focused our attention on the main microenvironmental targets of the estrogen-IIGFs interplay, and we recapitulated relevant molecular nodes that orientate shared biological responses fostering the metastatic program. On the basis of available studies, we propose that a functional cross-talk between estrogens and IIGFs, by affecting the BC microenvironment, may contribute to the metastatic process and may be regarded as a novel target for combination therapies aimed at preventing the metastatic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vella
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Ernestina Marianna De Francesco
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Muoio
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Livia Manzella
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria (A.O.U.) Policlinico Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
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22
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Pérez-Pérez A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Vilariño-García T, Sánchez-Margalet V. Role of Leptin in Inflammation and Vice Versa. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5887. [PMID: 32824322 PMCID: PMC7460646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an essential immune response for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In a general sense, acute and chronic inflammation are different types of adaptive response that are called into action when other homeostatic mechanisms are insufficient. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding the cellular and molecular events that are involved in the acute inflammatory response to infection and tissue injury, the causes and mechanisms of systemic chronic inflammation are much less known. The pathogenic capacity of this type of inflammation is puzzling and represents a common link of the multifactorial diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. In recent years, interest has been raised by the discovery of novel mediators of inflammation, such as microRNAs and adipokines, with different effects on target tissues. In the present review, we discuss the data emerged from research of leptin in obesity as an inflammatory mediator sustaining multifactorial diseases and how this knowledge could be instrumental in the design of leptin-based manipulation strategies to help restoration of abnormal immune responses. On the other direction, chronic inflammation, either from autoimmune or infectious diseases, or impaired microbiota (dysbiosis) may impair the leptin response inducing resistance to the weight control, and therefore it may be a cause of obesity. Thus, we are reviewing the published data regarding the role of leptin in inflammation, and the other way around, the role of inflammation on the development of leptin resistance and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (F.S.-J.); (T.V.-G.)
| | | | | | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain; (F.S.-J.); (T.V.-G.)
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23
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Roles of Gangliosides in Hypothalamic Control of Energy Balance: New Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155349. [PMID: 32731387 PMCID: PMC7432706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides are essential components of cell membranes and are involved in a variety of physiological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and receptor-mediated signal transduction. They regulate functions of proteins in membrane microdomains, notably receptor tyrosine kinases such as insulin receptor (InsR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), through lateral association. Studies during the past two decades using knockout (KO) or pharmacologically inhibited cells, or KO mouse models for glucosylceramide synthase (GCS; Ugcg), GM3 synthase (GM3S; St3gal5), and GD3 synthase (GD3S; St8sia1) have revealed essential roles of gangliosides in hypothalamic control of energy balance. The a-series gangliosides GM1 and GD1a interact with leptin receptor (LepR) and promote LepR signaling through activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Studies of GM3S KO cells have shown that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, downstream of the LepR signaling pathway, is also modulated by gangliosides. Recent studies have revealed crosstalk between the LepR signaling pathway and other receptor signaling pathways (e.g., InsR and EGFR pathways). Gangliosides thus have the ability to modulate the effects of leptin by regulating functions of such receptors, and by direct interaction with LepR to control signaling.
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24
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Gelsomino L, Giordano C, La Camera G, Sisci D, Marsico S, Campana A, Tarallo R, Rinaldi A, Fuqua S, Leggio A, Grande F, Bonofiglio D, Andò S, Barone I, Catalano S. Leptin Signaling Contributes to Aromatase Inhibitor Resistant Breast Cancer Cell Growth and Activation of Macrophages. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040543. [PMID: 32260113 PMCID: PMC7226081 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity represents a risk factor for breast cancer development and therapy resistance, but the molecular players underling these links are unclear. Here, we identify a role for the obesity-cytokine leptin in sustaining aromatase inhibitor (AI) resistant growth and progression in breast cancer. Using as experimental models MCF-7 breast cancer cells surviving long-term treatment with the AI anastrozole (AnaR) and Ana-sensitive counterparts, we found that AnaR cells expressed higher levels of leptin and its receptors (ObR) along with a constitutive activation of downstream effectors. Accordingly, leptin signaling inhibition reduced only AnaR cell growth and motility, highlighting the existence of an autocrine loop in mechanisms governing drug-resistant phenotypes. In agreement with ObR overexpression, increasing doses of leptin were able to stimulate to a greater extent growth and migration in AnaR than sensitive cells. Moreover, leptin contributed to enhanced crosstalk between AnaR cells and macrophages within the tumor microenvironment. Indeed, AnaR, through leptin secretion, modulated macrophage profiles and increased macrophage motility through CXCR4 signaling, as evidenced by RNA-sequencing, real-time PCR, and immunoblotting. Reciprocally, activated macrophages increased AnaR cell growth and motility in coculture systems. In conclusion, acquired AI resistance is accompanied by the development of a leptin-driven phenotype, highlighting the potential clinical benefit of targeting this cytokine network in hormone-resistant breast cancers, especially in obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Giusi La Camera
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Diego Sisci
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Stefania Marsico
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Antonella Campana
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Roberta Tarallo
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (R.T.); (A.R.)
| | - Antonio Rinaldi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (R.T.); (A.R.)
| | - Suzanne Fuqua
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS: 600 N1220.01 Alkek Building, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Antonella Leggio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: (I.B.); (S.C.); Tel.: +39-0984-496216 (I.B.); +39-0984-496207 (S.C.)
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy; (L.G.); (C.G.); (G.L.C.); (D.S.); (S.M.); (A.C.); (A.L.); (F.G.); (D.B.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: (I.B.); (S.C.); Tel.: +39-0984-496216 (I.B.); +39-0984-496207 (S.C.)
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25
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Yang F, Huang X, Sun C, Li J, Wang B, Yan M, Jin F, Wang H, Zhang J, Fu P, Zeng T, Wang J, Li W, Li Y, Yang M, Li J, Wu H, Fu Z, Yin Y, Jiang Z. Lapatinib in combination with capecitabine versus continued use of trastuzumab in breast cancer patients with trastuzumab-resistance: a retrospective study of a Chinese population. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:255. [PMID: 32223744 PMCID: PMC7104485 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-6639-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy and safety of lapatinib plus capecitabine (LC or LX) versus trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in patients with HER-positive metastatic breast cancer who are resistant to trastuzumab is unknown. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from breast cancer patients who began treatment with regimens of lapatinib plus capecitabine (LC or LX) or trastuzumab beyond progression (TBP) at eight hospitals between May 2010 and October 2017. RESULTS Among 554 patients who had developed resistance to trastuzumab, the median PFS (progression free survival) was 6.77 months in the LX group compared with 5.6 months in the TBP group (hazard ratio 0.804; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.96; P = 0.019). The central nervous system progression rate during treatment was 5.9% in the LX group and 12.5% in the TBP group (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION The combination of lapatinib and capecitabine showed a prolonged PFS relative to TBP in patients who had progressed on trastuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.,The First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.,The First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Li
- Department of Breast Cancer, The 307 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100000, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyun Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yan
- Department of Breast Cancer, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Peifen Fu
- Department of Breast Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Zeng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.,The First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.,The First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengzhu Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.,The First Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.,Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zefei Jiang
- Department of Breast Cancer, The 307 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100000, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Body mass index and γ-glutamyl transferase expression in normal and cancerous breast tissue. Breast Cancer 2020; 27:850-860. [PMID: 32198633 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Localized to cell membrane, γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a reliable marker for the evaluation of cell distress occurring in several pathological conditions including obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. In particular, high GGT serum levels are associated with breast cancer incidence and progression. METHODS The tissue expression of GGT1, the gene coding for GGT, was investigated in silico in a large case series of paired samples of breast cancer and adjacent histologically normal (HN) tissue, and in a collection of healthy breast tissues from reduction mammoplasty. The association of GGT1 with patient's body mass index (BMI), and the relationship between GGT1 and a panel of genes involved in apoptosis, IGF-1 signaling, or coding for adipokines and adipokine receptors were also investigated. RESULTS GGT1 expression was significantly higher in tumor than in the adjacent HN tissue (P = 0.0002). Unexpectedly, the expression of GGT1 was inversely associated with BMI in normal and HN tissue, whereas no correlation was found in cancerous tissue. In all tissues, GGT1 correlated positively with TP53 and negatively with BCL2 and LEPR, whereas only in normal and HN tissue GGT1 correlated positively with IGF1R. The linear regression model, adjusted for BMI, showed no confounding effect on any correlation, except for the correlation of GGT1 with LEPR in normal tissue from healthy women. CONCLUSIONS Even if present results provide interesting insights on the still elusive mechanism(s) underlying the association between obesity and epithelial cell proliferation, possibly promoting neoplastic transformation, such relationship deserves further investigation in other independent datasets.
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27
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Santa-Maria CA, Coughlin JW, Sharma D, Armanios M, Blackford AL, Schreyer C, Dalcin A, Carpenter A, Jerome GJ, Armstrong DK, Chaudhry M, Cohen GI, Connolly RM, Fetting J, Miller RS, Smith KL, Snyder C, Wolfe A, Wolff AC, Huang CY, Appel LJ, Stearns V. The Effects of a Remote-based Weight Loss Program on Adipocytokines, Metabolic Markers, and Telomere Length in Breast Cancer Survivors: the POWER-Remote Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:3024-3034. [PMID: 32071117 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-2935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We initiated a clinical trial to determine the proportion of breast cancer survivors achieving ≥5% weight loss using a remotely delivered weight loss intervention (POWER-remote) or a self-directed approach, and to determine the effects of the intervention on biomarkers of cancer risk including metabolism, inflammation, and telomere length. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Women with stage 0-III breast cancer, who completed local therapy and chemotherapy, with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 were randomized to a 12-month intervention (POWER-remote) versus a self-directed approach. The primary objective was to determine the number of women who achieved at least 5% weight loss at 6 months. We assessed baseline and 6-month change in a panel of adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin, HGF, NGF, PAI1, TNFα, MCP1, IL1β, IL6, and IL8), metabolic factors (insulin, glucose, lipids, hs-CRP), and telomere length in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS From 2013 to 2015, 96 women were enrolled, and 87 were evaluable for the primary analysis; 45 to POWER-remote and 42 to self-directed. At 6 months, 51% of women randomized to POWER-remote lost ≥5% of their baseline body weight, compared with 12% in the self-directed arm [OR, 7.9; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.6-23.9; P = 0.0003]; proportion were similar at 12 months (51% vs 17%, respectively, P = 0.003). Weight loss correlated with significant decreases in leptin, and favorable modulation of inflammatory cytokines and lipid profiles. There was no significant change in telomere length at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS A remotely delivered weight loss intervention resulted in significant weight loss in breast cancer survivors, and favorable effects on several biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Santa-Maria
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Janelle W Coughlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mary Armanios
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amanda L Blackford
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Colleen Schreyer
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Arlene Dalcin
- The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ashley Carpenter
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gerald J Jerome
- Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Kinesiology, Towson University, Towson, Maryland
| | - Deborah K Armstrong
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Gary I Cohen
- Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Roisin M Connolly
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Fetting
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert S Miller
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Karen L Smith
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Claire Snyder
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew Wolfe
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Antonio C Wolff
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chiung-Yu Huang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Division of General Internal Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vered Stearns
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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28
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Min DY, Jung E, Kim J, Lee YH, Shin SY. Leptin stimulates IGF-1 transcription by activating AP-1 in human breast cancer cells. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 30293548 PMCID: PMC6605521 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2019.52.6.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin, an adipokine regulating energy metabolism, appears to be associated with breast cancer progression. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) mediates the pathogenesis of breast cancer. The regulation of IGF-1 expression by leptin in breast cancer cells is unclear. Here, we found that leptin upregulates IGF-1 expression at the transcriptional level in breast cancer cells. Activating protein-1 (AP-1)-binding element within the proximal region of IGF-1 was necessary for leptin-induced IGF-1 promoter activation. Forced expression of AP-1 components, c-FOS or c-JUN, enhanced leptin-induced IGF-1 expression, while knockdown of c-FOS or c-JUN abrogated leptin responsiveness. All three MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p38 MAPK) mediated leptin-induced IGF-1 expression. These results suggest that leptin contributes to breast cancer progression through the transcriptional upregulation of leptin via the MAPK pathway. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(6): 385-390].
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yeong Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sanghuh College of Lifesciences, Koknkuk University, Seoul 05029, China
| | - Euitaek Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sanghuh College of Lifesciences, Koknkuk University, Seoul 05029, China
| | - Juhwan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sanghuh College of Lifesciences, Koknkuk University, Seoul 05029, China
| | - Young Han Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sanghuh College of Lifesciences, Koknkuk University, Seoul 05029; Cancer and Metabolism Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Soon Young Shin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sanghuh College of Lifesciences, Koknkuk University, Seoul 05029; Cancer and Metabolism Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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29
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Krasniqi E, Pizzuti L, Barchiesi G, Sergi D, Carpano S, Botti C, Kayal R, Sanguineti G, Marchetti P, Botticelli A, Marinelli D, Gamucci T, Natoli C, Grassadonia A, Tinari N, Tomao S, Tonini G, Santini D, Michelotti A, Mentuccia L, Vaccaro A, Magnolfi E, Gelibter A, Magri V, Cortesi E, D'Onofrio L, Cassano A, Cazzaniga M, Moscetti L, Fabbri A, Scinto AF, Corsi D, Carbognin L, Bria E, La Verde N, Garufi C, Di Stefano P, Mirabelli R, Veltri E, Paris I, Giotta F, Lorusso V, Landucci E, Ficorella C, Roselli M, Adamo V, Ricciardi G, Russo A, Valerio MR, Berardi R, Pistelli M, Cannita K, Zamagni C, Garrone O, Baldini E, Livi L, Meattini I, Del Medico P, Generali D, De Maria R, Risi E, Ciliberto G, Villa A, Sperduti I, Mazzotta M, Barba M, Giordano A, Vici P. Impact of BMI on HER2+ metastatic breast cancer patients treated with pertuzumab and/or trastuzumab emtansine. Real-world evidence. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:7900-7910. [PMID: 31943171 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) is a main indicator of obesity and its association with breast cancer is well established. However, little is known in the metastatic setting, especially in HER2-positive patients. We assessed the influence of BMI on clinical outcomes of patients treated with pertuzumab and/or trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) for HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (mBC). BMI was addressed as a categorical variable, being classified on the basis of the following ranges, that is, 18.5-24.9, 25-29.9, and 30.0-34.9, namely, normal weight, overweight, and Class I obesity. The outcomes chosen were progression-free survival to first-line chemotherapy (PFS1) and overall survival (OS). Overall (N = 709), no impact of BMI was observed on PFS1 (p = .15), while BMI ≥ 30 was associated with worse OS (p = .003). In subjects who progressed to first line (N = 575), analyzing data across PFS1 quartiles and strata of disease burden, BMI predicted lower PFS1 in patients within the I PFS1 quartile and with the lowest disease burden (p = .001). Univariate analysis showed a detrimental effect of BMI ≥ 30 on OS for women within the I PFS1 quartile (p = .03). Results were confirmed in multivariate analysis. According to PFS1 quartiles a higher percentage of patients with high BMI and low disease burden progressed within 6 months of therapy. The effect of BMI on prognosis was also confirmed in multivariate analysis of OS for overall population. In our cohort, a BMI ≥ 30 correlated with worse OS in patients with HER2+ mBC who received pertuzumab and/or T-DM1 but had no impact on PFS to first line. BMI predicted worse I PFS1 quartile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriseld Krasniqi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pizzuti
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Barchiesi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Carpano
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Botti
- Department of Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramy Kayal
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Marchetti
- Medical Oncology Unit B, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Marinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Clara Natoli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonino Grassadonia
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nicola Tinari
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silverio Tomao
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tonini
- Department of Oncology, University Campus Biomedico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Santini
- Department of Oncology, University Campus Biomedico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aandrea Michelotti
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Dei Trapianti e Delle Nuove Tecnologie, UO Oncologia Medica I, S. Chiara Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alain Gelibter
- Medical Oncology Unit B, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Cortesi
- Medical Oncology Unit B, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Loretta D'Onofrio
- Department of Oncology, University Campus Biomedico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cassano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Cazzaniga
- Research Unit Phase I Trials and Oncology Unit, ASST Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Luca Moscetti
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Agnese Fabbri
- Medical Oncology Unit, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Corsi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Carbognin
- University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- University of Verona, Verona, Italy.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
| | - Nicla La Verde
- Oncology Unit, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco Presidio Ospedaliero Fatebenefratelli, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Garufi
- Medical Oncology, "Santo Spirito" Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Pia Di Stefano
- Medical Oncology, "Santo Spirito" Hospital, Pescara, Italy
| | - Rossana Mirabelli
- Department of Hematology & Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese-Ciaccio, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Enzo Veltri
- Oncology Unit, S. Maria Goretti Hospital, Latina, Italy
| | - Ida Paris
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Giotta
- Department of Medical Oncology, "Giovanni Paolo II" Institute, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Lorusso
- Department of Medical Oncology, "Giovanni Paolo II" Institute, Bari, Italy
| | - Elisa Landucci
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Dei Trapianti e Delle Nuove Tecnologie, UO Oncologia Medica I, S. Chiara Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Corrado Ficorella
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Medical Oncology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mario Roselli
- Department of Systems Medicine, Medical Oncology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Adamo
- Department of Human Pathology, Medical Oncology Unit A.O. Papardo, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Ricciardi
- Department of Human Pathology, Medical Oncology Unit A.O. Papardo, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Valerio
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rossana Berardi
- Oncology Clinic, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mirco Pistelli
- Oncology Clinic, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Katia Cannita
- Medical Oncology, St. Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Claudio Zamagni
- Medical Oncology Unit, Addarii Institute of Oncology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ornella Garrone
- Medical Oncology, A.O. Ospedale di Insegnamento S. Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Livi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Icro Meattini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio," Radiation Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Del Medico
- Division of Medical Oncology, Reggio Calabria General Hospital, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Daniele Generali
- Breast Cancer Unit & Translational Research Unit, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Institute of General Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Risi
- Department of "Sandro Pitigliani" Medical Oncology, Santo Stefano Hospital, Prato, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Villa
- Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma - Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Department of Bio-Statistics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Mazzotta
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Barba
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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30
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Atoum MF, Alzoughool F, Al-Hourani H. Linkage Between Obesity Leptin and Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2020; 14:1178223419898458. [PMID: 31975779 PMCID: PMC6956603 DOI: 10.1177/1178223419898458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many cancers might be influenced by obesity, including breast cancer, the leading cause of cancer death among women. Obesity is a complex state associated with multiple physiological and molecular changes capable of modulating the behavior of breast tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment. This review discussed the inverse association between obesity and breast cancer among premenopausal breast cancer females and the positive association among postmenopausal. Four mechanisms may link obesity and breast cancer including leptin and leptin receptor expression, adipose chronic inflammation, sex hormone alternation, and insulin and insulinlike growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling. Leptin has been involved in breast cancer initiation, development, and progression through signaling transduction network. Leptin functions are strengthened through cross talk with multiple oncogenes, cytokines, and growth factors. Adipose chronic inflammation promotes cancer growth and angiogenesis and modifies the immune responses. A pro-inflammatory microenvironment at tumor site promotes cytokines and pro-inflammatory mediators adjacent to the tumor. Leptin stimulates pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes T-helper 1 responses. Obesity is common of chronic inflammation. In obese patients, white adipose tissue (WAT) will promote pro-inflammatory mediators that will encourage tumor growth and WAT inflammation. Sex hormone alternation of estrogens is associated with increased risk for hormone-sensitive breast cancers. Estrogens cause tumorigenesis by its effect on signaling pathways that lead to DNA damage, stimulation angiogenesis, mutagenesis, and cell proliferation. In postmenopausal females, and due to termination of ovarian function, estrogens were produced extra gonadally, mainly in peripheral adipose tissues where adrenal-produced androgen precursors are converted to estrogens. Active estradiol leads to breast cancer development by binding to ERα, which is modified by receptor’s interaction of various signal transduction pathways. Hyperinsulinemia and IGF-1 activate the MAPK and PI3K pathways, leading to cancer-promoting effects. Cross talk between insulin/IGF and estrogen signaling pathways promotes hormone-sensitive breast cancer development. Hyperinsulinemia is a risk factor for breast cancer that explains the obesity-breast cancer association. Controlling IGF-1 level and targeting IGF-1 receptors among different breast cancer subtypes may be useful for breast cancer treatment. This review discussed several leptin signaling pathways, highlighting the potential advantage of targeting leptin as a potential target of the novel therapeutic strategies for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Fayiz Atoum
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Foad Alzoughool
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Huda Al-Hourani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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31
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Xu Y, Tan M, Tian X, Zhang J, Zhang J, Chen J, Xu W, Sheng H. Leptin receptor mediates the proliferation and glucose metabolism of pancreatic cancer cells via AKT pathway activation. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:945-952. [PMID: 31789415 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer‑related mortality worldwide. Leptin is an adipokine that is significantly increased in obese patients and that functions in various biological processes of cancer, such as tumor growth and metastasis. However, its role in PC cell proliferation and glucose metabolism and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, in vitro leptin treatment significantly promoted cell proliferation and increased glucose uptake and lactate production of human PC and healthy pancreas cells in a dose‑dependent manner, accompanied by increased expression of the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase II and glucose transporter 1. Furthermore, leptin receptor‑specific short hairpin RNAs were used to silence leptin receptor expression in PC cells, which had the opposite effect to leptin stimulation and decreased AKT phosphorylation. In addition, the effects of leptin stimulation were significantly counteracted by the AKT inhibitor LY294002, whereas the effects of leptin silencing were counteracted by AKT activator insulin‑like growth factor 1. The results of the present study suggested that leptin may contribute to cell proliferation and glucose metabolism of human PC cells, which may be through activation of the AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Xu
- Department of Surgery, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Meiyu Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Shanghai Huashan Hospital, Shanghai 200041, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Jiajie Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Weihong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Huiming Sheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
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32
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Bioactive Compounds: Multi-Targeting Silver Bullets for Preventing and Treating Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101563. [PMID: 31618928 PMCID: PMC6826729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Each cell in our body is designed with a self-destructive trigger, and if damaged, can happily sacrifice itself for the sake of the body. This process of self-destruction to safeguard the adjacent normal cells is known as programmed cell death or apoptosis. Cancer cells outsmart normal cells and evade apoptosis and it is one of the major hallmarks of cancer. The cardinal quest for anti-cancer drug discovery (bioactive or synthetic compounds) is to be able to re-induce the so called “programmed cell death” in cancer cells. The importance of bioactive compounds as the linchpin of cancer therapeutics is well known as many effective chemotherapeutic drugs such as vincristine, vinblastine, doxorubicin, etoposide and paclitaxel have natural product origins. The present review discusses various bioactive compounds with known anticancer potential, underlying mechanisms by which they induce cell death and their preclinical/clinical development. Most bioactive compounds can concurrently target multiple signaling pathways that are important for cancer cell survival while sparing normal cells hence they can potentially be the silver bullets for targeting cancer growth and metastatic progression.
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33
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Shetty A, Venkatesh T, Tsutsumi R, Suresh PS. Gene expression changes and promoter methylation with the combined effects of estradiol and leptin in uterine tissue of the ovariectomized mice model of menopause. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 47:151-168. [PMID: 31602590 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Substantial epidemiological studies have shown an association of obesity with the common gynecological malignancy, endometrial cancer. The relevant interactions and contribution of estradiol and the adipose cytokine, leptin, in endometrial lesions are not completely understood. Suitable animal models to understand the physiological response of uterine tissue to the combined effects of estradiol-leptin are lacking. To investigate the effect of estradiol-leptin crosstalk on gene expression and associated altered pathways, we established an ovariectomized mouse model, treated with 17-β estradiol (0.1 µg/mouse subcutaenously., for every 12 h) and/or recombinant mouse leptin (1 μg/g Bwt intraperitoneally., for every 12 h) for 4 h, 20 h, and 40 h. Gene expressions by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, uterine tissue protein phosphorylation status by western blotting and promoter methylation were analyzed in estradiol, progesterone insufficient animals. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated significantly increased expression of Esr, Igf1, Igfbp3, Vegfr1, and Vegf, and significantly decreased expression of Mmp9 after co-treatment with estradiol and leptin, indicating a common transcriptional network regulated by the treatments. Ovariectomy-induced histomorphological changes were only reversed by estradiol. Methylation-specific PCR, analyzing methylation of CpG sites of Vegfa, Pgr, and Igf1, revealed that transcriptional regulation after hormonal treatments is independent of methylation at the examined CpG sites. Western blot confirmed the increased expression of PSTAT-3 (Ser-727) and PERK1/2 proteins after estradiol + leptin treatment, confirming the estradiol + leptin cross-talk hypothesis. In conclusion, our in vivo studies determined specific gene expression and signaling protein changes, and further unraveled the molecular targets of estradiol + leptin that may perturb endometrial homeostasis and lead to endometrial hyperplasia development in the chronic stimulated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shetty
- Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574 199, India
| | - Thejaswini Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Rie Tsutsumi
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima City, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Padmanaban S Suresh
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India.
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Apelin abrogates the stimulatory effects of 17β-estradiol and insulin-like growth factor-1 on proliferation of epithelial and granulosa ovarian cancer cell lines via crosstalk between APLNR and ERα/IGF1R. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:6325-6338. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Apelin and chemerin are adipocytokines that play important roles in many physiological and pathological processes throughout the body. Our previous study demonstrated that these two adipokines are expressed and secreted by epithelial and granulosa cancer cell lines. 17β-estradiol (E2) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are important regulators of ovarian functions, and their roles are well known. This study investigated whether apelin and chemerin regulate proliferation and apoptosis of epithelial (OVCAR-3) and granulosa (COV434) ovarian cancer cell lines by interacting with E2 and IGF-1. Apelin and chemerin did not affect caspase-3 activation in either cell line. However, apelin abrogated the stimulatory effects of E2 on proliferation of OVCAR-3 cells and of IGF-1 on proliferation of COV434 cells independently of ERK1/2 and PI3K via crosstalk of apelin receptor with estrogen receptor alpha and IGF-1 receptor, respectively.
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Muniraj N, Siddharth S, Nagalingam A, Walker A, Woo J, Győrffy B, Gabrielson E, Saxena NK, Sharma D. Withaferin A inhibits lysosomal activity to block autophagic flux and induces apoptosis via energetic impairment in breast cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2019; 40:1110-1120. [PMID: 30698683 PMCID: PMC10893887 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Withaferin A (WFA), a steroidal lactone, negatively regulates breast cancer growth however, its mechanisms of action remain largely elusive. We found that WFA blocks autophagy flux and lysosomal proteolytic activity in breast cancer cells. WFA increases accumulation of autophagosomes, LC3B-II conversion, expression of autophagy-related proteins and autophagosome/lysosome fusion. Autolysosomes display the characteristics of acidic compartments in WFA-treated cells; however, the protein degradation activity of lysosomes is inhibited. Blockade of autophagic flux reduces the recycling of cellular fuels leading to insufficient substrates for tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. WFA decreases expression and phosphorylation of lactate dehydrogenase, the key enzyme that catalyzes pyruvate-to-lactate conversion, reduces adenosine triphosphate levels and increases AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. AMPK inhibition abrogates while AMPK activation potentiates WFA's effect. WFA and 2-deoxy-d-glucose combination elicits synergistic inhibition of breast cancer cells. Genetic knockout of BECN1 and ATG7 fails to rescue cells from WFA treatment; in contrast, addition of methyl pyruvate to supplement TCA cycle protects WFA-treated cells. Together, these results implicate that WFA is a potent lysosomal inhibitor; energetic impairment is required for WFA-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition and combining WFA and 2-DG is a promising therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nethaji Muniraj
- Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sumit Siddharth
- Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arumugam Nagalingam
- Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alyssa Walker
- Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Juhyung Woo
- Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Momentum Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ed Gabrielson
- Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Early Detection Research Group, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Barone I, Giordano C, Bonofiglio D, Andò S, Catalano S. The weight of obesity in breast cancer progression and metastasis: Clinical and molecular perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:274-284. [PMID: 31491560 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The escalating epidemic of overweight and obesity is currently recognized as one of the most significant health and economic concern worldwide. At the present time, over 1.9 billion adults and more than 600 million people can be, respectively, classified as overweight or obese, and numbers will continue to increase in the coming decades. This alarming scenario implies important clinical implications since excessive adiposity can progressively cause and/or exacerbate a wide spectrum of co-morbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and even certain types of cancer, including breast cancer. Indeed, pathological remodelling of white adipose tissue and increased levels of fat-specific cytokines (mainly leptin), as a consequence of the obesity condition, have been associated with several hallmarks of breast cancer, such as sustained proliferative signaling, cellular energetics, inflammation, angiogenesis, activating invasion and metastasis. Different preclinical and clinical data have provided evidence indicating that obesity may worsen the incidence, the severity, and the mortality of breast cancer. In the present review, we will discuss the epidemiological connection between obesity and breast cancer progression and metastasis and we will highlight the candidate players involved in this dangerous relationship. Since the major cause of death from cancer is due to widespread metastases, understanding these complex mechanisms will provide insights for establishing new therapeutic interventions to prevent/blunt the effects of obesity and thwart breast tumor progression and metastatic growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy; Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy; Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, Via P Bucci, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy.
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Sánchez-Jiménez F, Pérez-Pérez A, de la Cruz-Merino L, Sánchez-Margalet V. Obesity and Breast Cancer: Role of Leptin. Front Oncol 2019; 9:596. [PMID: 31380268 PMCID: PMC6657346 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related breast cancer is an important threat that affects especially post-menopausal women. The link between obesity and breast cancer seems to be relying on the microenvironment generated at adipose tissue level, which includes inflammatory cytokines. In addition, its association with systemic endocrine changes, including hyperinsulinemia, increased estrogens levels, and hyperleptinemia may be key factors for tumor development. These factors may promote tumor initiation, tumor primary growth, tissue invasion, and metastatic progression. Although the relationship between obesity and breast cancer is already established, the different pathophysiological mechanisms involved are not clear. Obesity-related insulin resistance is a well-known risk factor for breast cancer development in post-menopausal women. However, the role of inflammation and other adipokines, especially leptin, is less studied. Leptin, like insulin, appears to be a growth factor for breast cancer cells. There exists a link between leptin and metabolism of estrogens and between leptin and other factors in a more complex network. As a result, obesity-associated hyperleptinemia has been suggested as an important mediator in the pathophysiology of breast cancer. On the other hand, recent data on the paradoxical effect of obesity on cancer immunotherapy efficacy has brought some controversy, since the proinflammatory effect of leptin may help the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Therefore, a better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that mediate leptin action may be helpful to understand the underlying processes which link obesity to breast cancer in post-menopausal women, as well as the possible role of leptin in the response to immunotherapy in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Baccaglini L, Shuster JJ, Theriaque DW, Naveed Z. Elevated serum insulin-like growth factor 1 in recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019; 5:269-275. [PMID: 31249708 PMCID: PMC6585871 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Over 100 million Americans experience recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) at some point in life. To develop targeted drugs for RAS treatment, it is critical to identify its etiology. We determined if serum insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) and related factors are associated with RAS, because both RAS prevalence and IGF‐1 are highest during puberty. We analyzed data from 1,480 Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants aged 20–40 years. Participants with a history of diabetes or lupus, cotinine levels 6 ng/ml or higher or glycemia 110 mg/dl or higher were excluded. We compared levels of IGF‐1, IGFBP‐3, leptin, and insulin in participants with a positive vs. negative RAS history in the prior 12 months. We used logistic regression in SAS/SUDAAN to account for the complex sampling design. The odds of a positive RAS history were 1.31 times higher for every 100 ng/ml increase in serum IGF‐1. This association persisted after adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, medication intake, body mass index, insulin, leptin, glycemia, and income (adjusted OR = 1.30, 95% CI [1.06, 1.60]; p = 0.013). The odds of a positive RAS history were also higher among non‐Hispanic white compared with non‐Hispanic black participants (adjusted OR = 4.37, 95% CI [3.00, 6.38]). Leptin, IGFBP‐3, and insulin levels did not differ by RAS status. The significantly higher IGF‐1 levels in participants with a positive RAS history compared with controls suggest a possible role of the IGF‐1 pathway in RAS etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Baccaglini
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska
| | - Jonathan J Shuster
- Health Outcomes and Policy, College of Medicine University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | | | - Zaeema Naveed
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska
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Goh JXH, Tan LTH, Goh JK, Chan KG, Pusparajah P, Lee LH, Goh BH. Nobiletin and Derivatives: Functional Compounds from Citrus Fruit Peel for Colon Cancer Chemoprevention. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E867. [PMID: 31234411 PMCID: PMC6627117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for effective methods of cancer treatment and prevention has been a continuous effort since the disease was discovered. Recently, there has been increasing interest in exploring plants and fruits for molecules that may have potential as either adjuvants or as chemopreventive agents against cancer. One of the promising compounds under extensive research is nobiletin (NOB), a polymethoxyflavone (PMF) extracted exclusively from citrus peel. Not only does nobiletin itself exhibit anti-cancer properties, but its derivatives are also promising chemopreventive agents; examples of derivatives with anti-cancer activity include 3'-demethylnobiletin (3'-DMN), 4'-demethylnobiletin (4'-DMN), 3',4'-didemethylnobiletin (3',4'-DMN) and 5-demethylnobiletin (5-DMN). In vitro studies have demonstrated differential efficacies and mechanisms of NOB and its derivatives in inhibiting and killing of colon cancer cells. The chemopreventive potential of NOB has also been well demonstrated in several in vivo colon carcinogenesis animal models. NOB and its derivatives target multiple pathways in cancer progression and inhibit several of the hallmark features of colorectal cancer (CRC) pathophysiology, including arresting the cell cycle, inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, preventing tumour formation, reducing inflammatory effects and limiting angiogenesis. However, these substances have low oral bioavailability that limits their clinical utility, hence there have been numerous efforts exploring better drug delivery strategies for NOB and these are part of this review. We also reviewed data related to patents involving NOB to illustrate the extensiveness of each research area and its direction of commercialisation. Furthermore, this review also provides suggested directions for future research to advance NOB as the next promising candidate in CRC chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Xuan Hui Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Loh Teng-Hern Tan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Joo Kheng Goh
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Kok Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Priyia Pusparajah
- Medical Health and Translational Research Group, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery (NBDD) Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Asian Centre for Evidence Synthesis in Population, Implementation and Clinical Outcomes (PICO), Health and Well-being Cluster, Global Asia in the 21st Century (GA21) Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
- Asian Centre for Evidence Synthesis in Population, Implementation and Clinical Outcomes (PICO), Health and Well-being Cluster, Global Asia in the 21st Century (GA21) Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
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40
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Kitson SJ, Rosser M, Fischer DP, Marshall KM, Clarke RB, Crosbie EJ. Targeting Endometrial Cancer Stem Cell Activity with Metformin Is Inhibited by Patient-Derived Adipocyte-Secreted Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050653. [PMID: 31083574 PMCID: PMC6562824 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced endometrial cancer continues to have a poor prognosis, due to limited treatment options, which may be further adversely impacted by obesity. Endometrial cancer stem cells have been reported to drive metastasis, chemotherapy resistance and disease relapse, but have yet to be fully characterised and no specific targeted therapies have been identified. Here, we describe the phenotype and genotype of aldehyde dehydrogenase high (ALDHhigh) and CD133+ve endometrial cancer stem cells and how adipocyte secreted mediators block the inhibitory effect of metformin on endometrial cancer stem cell activity. Ishikawa and Hec-1a cell lines were used to characterise ALDHhigh and CD133+ve endometrial cancer cells using flow cytometry, functional sphere assays and quantitative-Polymerase Chain Reaction. The comparative effect of metformin on endometrial cancer stem cell activity and bulk tumour cell proliferation was determined using an Aldefluor and cytotoxicity assay. The impact of adipocyte secreted mediators on metformin response was established using patient-derived conditioned media. ALDHhigh cells demonstrated greater endometrial cancer stem cell activity than CD133+ve cells and had increased expression of stem cell and epithelial-mesenchymal transition genes. Treatment with 0.5-1 mM metformin reduced the proportion and activity of both endometrial cancer stem cell populations (p ≤ 0.05), without affecting cell viability. This effect was, however, inhibited by exposure to patient-derived adipocyte conditioned media. These results indicate a selective and specific effect of metformin on endometrial cancer stem cell activity, which is blocked by adipocyte secreted mediators. Future studies of metformin as an adjuvant therapy in endometrial cancer should be adequately powered to investigate the influence of body mass on treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Kitson
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
| | - Matthew Rosser
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Deborah P Fischer
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Kay M Marshall
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Robert B Clarke
- Manchester Breast Centre, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK.
| | - Emma J Crosbie
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK.
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Ghasemi A, Saeidi J, Azimi-Nejad M, Hashemy SI. Leptin-induced signaling pathways in cancer cell migration and invasion. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:243-260. [PMID: 30877623 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates that obesity is associated with tumor development and progression. Leptin is an adipocyte-related hormone with a key role in energy metabolism and whose circulating levels are elevated in obesity. The effect of leptin on cancer progression and metastasis and its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Leptin can impact various steps in tumor metastasis, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and proteolysis of ECM components. To do so, leptin binds to its receptor (OB-Rb) to activate signaling pathways and downstream effectors that participate in tumor cell invasion as well as distant metastasis. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we describe metastasis steps in detail and characterize metastasis-related molecules activated by leptin, which may help to develop a roadmap that guides future work. In addition, we conclude that a profound understanding of the fundamental molecular processes that contribute to leptin-induced metastasis may pave the way for the development of new prognostic molecules and appropriate approaches to the treatment of obesity-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghasemi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jafar Saeidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nejad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Genetic, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zabeau L, Wauman J, Dam J, Van Lint S, Burg E, De Geest J, Rogge E, Silva A, Jockers R, Tavernier J. A novel leptin receptor antagonist uncouples leptin's metabolic and immune functions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1201-1214. [PMID: 30659329 PMCID: PMC11105424 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Leptin links body energy stores to high energy demanding processes like reproduction and immunity. Based on leptin's role in autoimmune diseases and cancer, several leptin and leptin receptor (LR) antagonists have been developed, but these intrinsically lead to unwanted weight gain. Here, we report on the uncoupling of leptin's metabolic and immune functions based on the cross talk with the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We show that both receptors spontaneously interact and, remarkably, that this complex can partially overrule the lack of LR activation by a leptin antagonistic mutein. Moreover, this leptin mutant induces EGFR phosphorylation comparable to wild-type leptin. Exploiting this non-canonical leptin signalling pathway, we identified a camelid single-domain antibody that selectively inhibits this LR-EGFR cross talk without interfering with homotypic LR signalling. Administration in vivo showed that this single-domain antibody did not interfere with leptin's metabolic functions, but could reverse the leptin-driven protection against starvation-induced thymic and splenic atrophy. These findings offer new opportunities for the design and clinical application of selective leptin and LR antagonists that avoid unwanted metabolic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Zabeau
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris Wauman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Dam
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Univ. Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Van Lint
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elianne Burg
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jennifer De Geest
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elke Rogge
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anisia Silva
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Univ. Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Ralf Jockers
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Univ. Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, 22 rue Méchain, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Jan Tavernier
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, A. Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Andò S, Gelsomino L, Panza S, Giordano C, Bonofiglio D, Barone I, Catalano S. Obesity, Leptin and Breast Cancer: Epidemiological Evidence and Proposed Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010062. [PMID: 30634494 PMCID: PMC6356310 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity has been steadily increasing over the past few decades in several developed and developing countries, with resultant hazardous health implications. Substantial epidemiological evidence has shown that excessive adiposity strongly influences risk, prognosis, and progression of various malignancies, including breast cancer. Indeed, it is now well recognized that obesity is a complex physiologic state associated with multiple molecular changes capable of modulating the behavior of breast tumor cells as well of the surrounding microenvironment. Particularly, insulin resistance, hyperactivation of insulin-like growth factor pathways, and increased levels of estrogen due to aromatization by the adipose tissue, inflammatory cytokines, and adipokines contribute to breast cancerogenesis. Among adipokines, leptin, whose circulating levels increase proportionally to total adipose tissue mass, has been identified as a key member of the molecular network in obesity. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the epidemiological link existing between obesity and breast cancer and outlines the molecular mechanisms underlying this connection. The multifaceted role of the obesity adipokine leptin in this respect is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Salvatore Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Cinzia Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Via P Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.
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44
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Panza S, Gelsomino L, Malivindi R, Rago V, Barone I, Giordano C, Giordano F, Leggio A, Comandè A, Liguori A, Aquila S, Bonofiglio D, Andò S, Catalano S. Leptin Receptor as a Potential Target to Inhibit Human Testicular Seminoma Growth. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:687-698. [PMID: 30610844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although in past decades the adipokine leptin and its own receptor have been considered as significant cancer biomarkers, their potential involvement in human testicular seminoma growth and progression remains unexplored. Here, we showed that the expression of leptin and its receptor was significantly higher in human testicular seminoma compared with normal adult testis. Human seminoma cell line TCam-2 also expressed leptin along with the long and short isoforms of leptin receptor, and in response to leptin treatment showed enhanced activation of its downstream effectors. In line with these results, leptin stimulation significantly increased the proliferation and migration of TCam-2 cells. Treatment of TCam-2 cells with the peptide Leu-Asp-Phe-Ile (LDFI), a full leptin-receptor antagonist, completely reversed the leptin-mediated effects on cell growth and motility as well as reduced the expression of several leptin-induced target genes. More importantly, the in vivo xenograft experiments showed that LDFI treatment markedly decreased seminoma tumor growth. Interestingly, LDFI-treated tumors showed reduced levels of the proliferation marker Ki-67 as well as decreased expression of leptin-regulated genes. Taken together, these data identify, for the first time, leptin as a key factor able to affect testicular seminoma behavior, highlighting leptin receptor as a potential target for novel potential treatments in this type of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Luca Gelsomino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Rocco Malivindi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Ines Barone
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Antonella Leggio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Alessandra Comandè
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Angelo Liguori
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Saveria Aquila
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andò
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
| | - Stefania Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy.
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45
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Al-Mahmood S, Sapiezynski J, Garbuzenko OB, Minko T. Metastatic and triple-negative breast cancer: challenges and treatment options. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1483-1507. [PMID: 29978332 PMCID: PMC6133085 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0551-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The major current conventional types of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) treatments include surgery, radiation, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. Introducing biological drugs, targeted treatment and gene therapy can potentially reduce the mortality and improve the quality of life in patients with MBC. However, combination of several types of treatment is usually recommended. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 10-20% of all cases of breast carcinoma and is characterized by the low expression of progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Consequently, convenient treatments used for MBC that target these receptors are not effective for TNBC which therefore requires special treatment approaches. This review discusses the occurrence of MBC, the prognosis and predictive biomarkers of MBC, and focuses on the novel advanced tactics for treatment of MBC and TNBC. Nanotechnology-based combinatorial approach for the suppression of EGFR by siRNA and gifitinib is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumayah Al-Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Justin Sapiezynski
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Olga B Garbuzenko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854-8020, USA.
- Rutgers Cancer Institute, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA.
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
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46
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Trestini I, Carbognin L, Monteverdi S, Zanelli S, De Toma A, Bonaiuto C, Nortilli R, Fiorio E, Pilotto S, Di Maio M, Gasbarrini A, Scambia G, Tortora G, Bria E. Clinical implication of changes in body composition and weight in patients with early-stage and metastatic breast cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 129:54-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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47
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Sun X, Ma X, Li Q, Yang Y, Xu X, Sun J, Yu M, Cao K, Yang L, Yang G, Zhang G, Wang X. Anti‑cancer effects of fisetin on mammary carcinoma cells via regulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: In vitro and in vivo studies. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:811-820. [PMID: 29749427 PMCID: PMC6034928 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fisetin, a natural flavonoid found in a variety of edible and medical plants, has been suggested to inhibit the proliferation of various tumor cells and to induce apoptosis. However, the effects of fisetin on breast cancer have rarely been reported and the underlying mechanism is still undefined. The present study explored the anti‑cancer effects of fisetin on mammary carcinoma cells and the underlying mechanisms. Following treatment with fisetin, viability of 4T1, MCF‑7 and MDA‑MB‑231 cells were measured by MTT assay. The inhibitory effects of fisetin on proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated in 4T1 cells using proliferation array, wound‑healing assay, and HUV‑EC‑C‑cell barrier based on electrical cell‑substrate impedance sensing platform. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry, and western blotting analysis was performed to identify target molecules. A 4T1 orthotopic mammary tumor model was used to assess the fisetin‑inhibition on tumor growth in vivo. Test kits were used to examine the liver and kidney function of tumor‑bearing mice. The results suggest that fisetin suppressed the proliferation of breast cancer cells, suppressed the metastasis and invasiveness of 4T1 cells, and induced the apoptosis of 4T1 cells in vitro. The potent anti‑cancer effect of fisetin was associated with the regulation of the phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. In vivo experiments demonstrated that fisetin suppressed the growth of 4T1 cell‑derived orthotopic breast tumors and enhanced tumor cell apoptosis, and the evaluated alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase levels in serum of tumor‑bearing mice suggested that fisetin may lead to side effects on liver biochemical function. The present study confirms that fisetin exerted an anti‑mammary carcinoma effect. However, in vivo experiments also revealed that fisetin had low solubility and low bioavailability. Further investigation is required to determine the clinical value of fisetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Sun
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
| | - Xueman Ma
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
- Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120
| | - Qiwei Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
- School of Graduates, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
- School of Graduates, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
- Department of Immunology, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
- Department of Gynecology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, P.R. China
| | - Mingwei Yu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
| | - Kexin Cao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
| | - Guowang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
| | - Ganlin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010
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48
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Himbert C, Delphan M, Scherer D, Bowers LW, Hursting S, Ulrich CM. Signals from the Adipose Microenvironment and the Obesity-Cancer Link-A Systematic Review. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 10:494-506. [PMID: 28864539 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and its associated metabolic dysregulation are established risk factors for many cancers. However, the biologic mechanisms underlying this relationship remain incompletely understood. Given the rising rates of both obesity and cancer worldwide, and the challenges for many people to lose excess adipose tissue, a systematic approach to identify potential molecular and metabolic targets is needed to develop effective mechanism-based strategies for the prevention and control of obesity-driven cancer. Epidemiologic, clinical, and preclinical data suggest that within the growth-promoting, proinflammatory microenvironment accompanying obesity, crosstalk between adipose tissue (comprised of adipocytes, macrophages and other cells) and cancer-prone cells may occur via obesity-associated hormones, cytokines, and other mediators that have been linked to increased cancer risk and/or progression. We report here a systematic review on the direct "crosstalk" between adipose tissue and carcinomas in humans. We identified 4,641 articles with n = 20 human clinical studies, which are summarized as: (i) breast (n = 7); (ii) colorectal (n = 4); (iii) esophageal (n = 2); (iv) esophageal/colorectal (n = 1); (v) endometrial (n = 1); (vi) prostate (n = 4); and (vii) ear-nose-throat (ENT) cancer (n = 1). Findings from these clinical studies reinforce preclinical data and suggest organ-dependent crosstalk between adipose tissue and carcinomas via VEGF, IL6, TNFα, and other mechanisms. Moreover, visceral white adipose tissue plays a more central role, as it is more bioenergetically active and is associated with a more procancer secretome than subcutaneous adipose tissue. Efforts to eavesdrop and ultimately interfere with this cancer-enhancing crosstalk may lead to new targets and strategies for decreasing the burden of obesity-related cancers. Cancer Prev Res; 10(9); 494-506. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Himbert
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mahmoud Delphan
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Exercise Immunology, Physical Education and Sport Sciences Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dominique Scherer
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura W Bowers
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stephen Hursting
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, Utah. .,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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49
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Cha BK, Kim YS, Hwang KE, Cho KH, Oh SH, Kim BR, Jun HY, Yoon KH, Jeong ET, Kim HR. Celecoxib and sulindac inhibit TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and suppress lung cancer migration and invasion via downregulation of sirtuin 1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57213-57227. [PMID: 27528025 PMCID: PMC5302984 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) celecoxib and sulindac have been reported to suppress lung cancer migration and invasion. The class III deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) possesses both pro- and anticarcinogenic properties. However, its role in inhibition of lung cancer cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by NSAIDs is not clearly known. We attempted to investigate the potential use of NSAIDs as inhibitors of TGF-β1-induced EMT in A549 cells, and the underlying mechanisms of suppression of lung cancer migration and invasion by celecoxib and sulindac. We demonstrated that celecoxib and sulindac were effective in preventing TGF-β1-induced EMT, as indicated by upregulation of the epithelial marker, E-cadherin, and downregulation of mesenchymal markers and transcription factors. Moreover, celecoxib and sulindac could inhibit TGF-β1-enhanced migration and invasion of A549 cells. SIRT1 downregulation enhanced the reversal of TGF-β1-induced EMT by celecoxib or sulindac. In contrast, SIRT1 upregulation promoted TGF-β1-induced EMT. Taken together, these results indicate that celecoxib and sulindac can inhibit TGF-β1-induced EMT and suppress lung cancer cell migration and invasion via downregulation of SIRT1. Our findings implicate overexpressed SIRT1 as a potential therapeutic target to reverse TGF-β1-induced EMT and to prevent lung cancer cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong-Ki Cha
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Young-Suk Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Ki-Eun Hwang
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Cho
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Seon-Hee Oh
- Department of Premedicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Byoung-Ryun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Hong-Young Jun
- Imaging Science Research Center, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Kwon-Ha Yoon
- Departments of Radiology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Eun-Taik Jeong
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Hak-Ryul Kim
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine 344-2 shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
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50
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Rochel D, Burger M, Nguyen P, Jaillardon L. Insulin-like growth factor type 1 concentrations in hyperthyroid cats before and after treatment with thiamazole. J Feline Med Surg 2018; 20:179-183. [PMID: 29172902 PMCID: PMC11129266 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x17694735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in circulating insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1) concentrations in hyperthyroid cats, before and after thiamazole treatment. Methods Thirty-four hyperthyroid cats were retrospectively included. Plasma free thyroxine (fT4) and IGF-1 concentrations were measured at diagnosis and 3 months after initiating antithyroid drug therapy. Results Median fT4 significantly decreased ( P <0.001) after treatment (from 78 pmol/l [range 43-122 pmol/l] to 31 pmol/l [range below assay limit of detection to 88 pmol/l]), whereas IGF-1 values significantly increased ( P <0.001) after treatment (from 117 ng/ml [33-341 ng/ml] to 221 ng/ml [36-865 ng/ml]). fT4 and IGF-1 concentrations were significantly negatively correlated both at diagnosis (r = -0.43, P = 0.01) and after treatment (r = -0.51, P = 0.002). Conclusions and relevance In cats, IGF-1 concentrations appear to be inversely proportional to the severity of hyperthyroidism and significantly increase after treatment with thiamazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphné Rochel
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Myriam Burger
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Patrick Nguyen
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
- University of Nantes Angers, Nantes, France
| | - Laetitia Jaillardon
- Oniris, Department of Biology, Pathology and Food Sciences, Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
- University of Nantes Angers, Nantes, France
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