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Zhou EY, Xia Y, Oka T, Higuchi H, Hasegawa T, Park JH, Marchese E, Oliver-García VS, Azin M, Conrad DN, Smith SS, Neel VA, Demehri S. Cutaneotropic polyomavirus abundance in the nonlesional skin of keratinocyte carcinoma patients: A cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024:S0190-9622(24)02489-7. [PMID: 39009226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Eray Yihui Zhou
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tomonori Oka
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroshi Higuchi
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tatsuya Hasegawa
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jong Ho Park
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Emanuela Marchese
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Valeria S Oliver-García
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marjan Azin
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Danielle N Conrad
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sabrina S Smith
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Victor A Neel
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shadmehr Demehri
- Center for Cancer Immunology and Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology and Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Robertson SE, Yasukawa M, Marchion DC, Xiong Y, Naqvi SMH, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Wenham RM, Giuliano AR, Lancaster JM, Shahzad MMK. Prevalence of viral DNA in high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer and correlation with clinical outcomes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294448. [PMID: 38039311 PMCID: PMC10691703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Currently 11 infectious agents are classified as carcinogenic but the role of infectious agents on outcomes of epithelial ovarian cancer is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To explore the association between infectious agents and ovarian cancer, we investigated the prevalence of viral DNA in primary ovarian cancer tumors and its association with clinical outcomes. METHODS Archived tumors from 98 patients diagnosed with high-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer were collected between 1/1/1994 and 12/31/2010. After DNA extraction, Luminex technology was utilized to identify polymerase chain reaction-amplified viral DNA for 113 specific viruses. Demographic data and disease characteristics were summarized using descriptive statistics. We used logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards model to assess associations between tumor viral status and disease outcome and between tumor viral presence and overall survival (OS), respectively. RESULTS Forty-six cases (45.9%) contained at least one virus. Six highly prevalent viruses were associated with clinical outcomes and considered viruses of interest (VOI; Epstein-Barr virus 1, Merkel cell polyomavirus, human herpes virus 6b, and human papillomaviruses 4, 16, and 23). Factors independently associated with OS were presence of VOI (HR 4.11, P = 0.0001) and platinum sensitivity (HR 0.21, P<0.0001). Median OS was significantly decreased when tumors showed VOI versus not having these viruses (22 vs 44 months, P<0.0001). Women <70 year old with VOI in tumors had significantly lower median OS versus age-matched women without VOI (20 vs 57 months, P = 0.0006); however, among women ≥70 years old, there was no difference in OS by tumor virus status. CONCLUSIONS The presence of a VOI was significantly associated with a lower OS. These findings may have implications for clinical management of ovarian cancer but require additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E. Robertson
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Maya Yasukawa
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Douglas C. Marchion
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Yin Xiong
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Syeda Mahrukh Hussnain Naqvi
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Robert M. Wenham
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Anna R. Giuliano
- Risk Assessment, Detection and Intervention Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Johnathan M. Lancaster
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mian M. K. Shahzad
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
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Bellott TR, Luz FB, Silva AKFD, Varella RB, Rochael MC, Pantaleão L. Merkel cell polyomavirus and its etiological relationship with skin tumors. An Bras Dermatol 2023; 98:737-749. [PMID: 37407331 PMCID: PMC10589487 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Viruses have been frequently identified in several human neoplasms, but the etiological role of these viruses in some tumors is still a matter of controversy. Polyomaviruses stand out among the main viruses with oncogenic capacity, specifically the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Recent revisions in the taxonomy of polyomaviruses have divided the Polyomaviridae family into six genera, including 117 species, with a total of 14 currently known human-infecting species. Although the oncogenicity of polyomaviruses has been widely reported in the literature since 1950, the first description of a polyomavirus as an etiological agent of a neoplasm in humans was made only in 2008 with the description of MCPyV, present in approximately 80% of cases of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), with the integration of its genome to that of the tumor cells and tumor-specific mutations, and it is considered the etiological agent of this neoplasm since then. MCPyV has also been detected in keratinocyte carcinomas, such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in individuals with and without immunosuppression. Data on the occurrence of oncogenic viruses potentially involved in oncogenesis, which cause persistence and tissue injury, related to the Merkel cell polyomavirus are still scarce, and the hypothesis that the Merkel cell polyomavirus may play a relevant role in the genesis of other cutaneous carcinomas in addition to MCC remains debatable. Therefore, the present study proposes to explore the current knowledge about the presence of MCPyV in keratinocyte carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Rubim Bellott
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Barbosa Luz
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Brandão Varella
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mayra Carrijo Rochael
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pantaleão
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Dimitraki MG, Sourvinos G. Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV) and Cancers: Emergency Bell or False Alarm? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225548. [PMID: 36428641 PMCID: PMC9688650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), the sole member of Polyomavirus associated with oncogenesis in humans, is the major causative factor of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare, neuroendocrine neoplasia of the skin. Many aspects of MCPyV biology and oncogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. However, it has been established that oncogenic transformation is the outcome of the integration of the viral genome into the host DNA. The high prevalence of MCPyV in the population, along with the detection of the virus in various human tissue samples and the strong association of MCPyV with the emergence of MCC, have prompted researchers to further investigate the role of MCPyV in malignancies other than MCC. MCPyV DNA has been detected in several different non-MCC tumour tissues but with significantly lower prevalence, viral load and protein expression. Moreover, the two hallmarks of MCPyV MCC have rarely been investigated and the studies have produced generally inconsistent results. Therefore, the outcomes of the studies are inadequate and unable to clearly demonstrate a direct correlation between cellular transformation and MCPyV. This review aims to present a comprehensive recapitulation of the available literature regarding the association of MCPyV with oncogenesis (MCC and non-MCC tumours).
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Geng CX, Tanamal P, Arvisais-Anhalt S, Tomasino M, Gheit T, Bishop JA, Palsgrove DN, Wang E, Salley JR, Tibbetts KM, Sumer BD, Tillman BN, Day AT. Clinical and Biologic Characteristics and Outcomes in Young and Middle-Aged Patients With Laryngeal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 167:688-698. [PMID: 35077266 DOI: 10.1177/01945998211073707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and biologic characteristics and outcomes of young and middle-aged (YMA; <65 years) patients according to the presence or absence of traditional risk factors for laryngeal cancer. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort analysis. SETTING Single-institution academic medical center. METHODS Patients without a history of clinically significant tobacco use or heavy alcohol use were defined as "nontraditional": ≤5 pack-years, ≤5 years smoked, ≤14 alcoholic drinks per week, and ≥15-year interval from last tobacco abuse use to diagnosis. Remaining patients were categorized as "traditional." Select tumor samples were evaluated for bacterial and viral DNA by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Seventy-eight YMA patients with primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were identified, 23% (n = 18) of whom were nontraditional. Nontraditional patients were younger than traditional patients (median age, 51 vs 59 years; P < .001). Twenty-eight tumors were prospectively tested for human papillomavirus (HPV), and nontraditional patients were more likely to exhibit high-risk HPV (57% vs 5%, P < .01). Among 17 select tumors (nontraditional, n = 8; traditional, n = 9), 35% exhibited HPV16 (nontraditional, 63%; traditional, 11%; P = .05). Other viruses were identified but did not differ according to risk status: herpesviruses (40%) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (7%). Chlamydia, β-HPV, and γ-HPV DNA was not detected in any samples. Median length of follow-up was 42 months. On adjusted analyses, nontraditional patients exhibited nonsignificantly improved overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.03-1.82]; P = .17) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.10-1.23]; P = .08) as compared with traditional patients. CONCLUSION Almost one-quarter of YMA patients lacked characteristic risk factors for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and their tumors exhibited a higher prevalence of high-risk HPV. The significance of HPV16 and other tumor viruses with outcomes in nontraditional patients should be evaluated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calvin X Geng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Priscilla Tanamal
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, IARC, Lyon, France
| | - Justin A Bishop
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Doreen N Palsgrove
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ellen Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jordan R Salley
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kathleen M Tibbetts
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Baran D Sumer
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Brittny N Tillman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew T Day
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Amorrortu RP, Zhao Y, Fenske NA, Cherpelis BS, Messina JL, Giuliano AR, Sondak VK, Schell MJ, Mckay-Chopin S, Gheit T, Waterboer T, Tommasino M, Rollison DE. Natural History of Incident and Persistent Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus and Human Polyomavirus Infections. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1162-1174. [PMID: 35022780 PMCID: PMC9518839 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (cuHPV) and polyomaviruses (HPyV) have been implicated in skin cancers; however, interpretation of findings across studies is complicated by limited understanding of the natural history of these infections across normal tissue types. METHODS In total, 675 eyebrow hair (EBH) and skin swab (SSW) samples were collected from 71 skin cancer screening patients every 6 months over 2 years and measured for presence of β-HPV, γ-HPV, and HPyV. Incidence, persistence, and clearance of cuHPV/HPyV were estimated, and risk factors associated with infection were examined. RESULTS Prevalence, incidence, and persistence of β-HPV, γ-HPV, and HPyV were consistently higher in SSW than in EBH, with types 5, 24, 49, 76 and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) having incidence rates greater than 20 per 1000 person-months. Prevalent γ-HPV EBH infections persisted more often in women (P = .024), incident β-HPV EBH infections persisted less often among individuals with history of blistering sunburn (P = .019), and prevalent MCPyV SSW infections persisted more often in those with a history of skin cancer (P = .033). CONCLUSIONS Incidence and persistence of cuHPV/HPyV were observed in SSW and EBH; however, none of the risk factors examined were commonly associated with cuHPV/HPyV infections across normal tissue types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yayi Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Neil A Fenske
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Basil S Cherpelis
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jane L Messina
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Vernon K Sondak
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Michael J Schell
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Sandrine Mckay-Chopin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Dana E Rollison
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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7
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Wijaya WA, Liu Y, Qing Y, Li Z. Prevalence of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in Normal and Lesional Skin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:868781. [PMID: 35392226 PMCID: PMC8980839 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.868781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of Merkel cell polyomavirus(MCPyV) in Merkel cell carcinoma(MCC) and non-MCC skin lesions and its possible role in the etiology of other skin diseases remain controversial. To systematically assess the association between MCPyV infection and MCC, non-MCC skin lesions, and normal skin. For this systematic review and meta-analysis, a comprehensive search for eligible studies was conducted using Medline Ovid, Pubmed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane CENTRAL databases until August 2021; references were searched to identify additional studies. Observational studies that investigated the association between MCPyV infection and MCC, non-MCC skin lesions, and normal skin using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) as a detection method and provided sufficient data to calculate the prevalence of MCPyV positivity. A total of 50 articles were included in the study after exclusion criteria were applied. Two reviewers independently reviewed and assessed the eligibility of the studies, and all disagreements were resolved by consensus. To determine the association between MCPyV and MCC, overall odds ratio (OR) were calculated with 95% CI using a random-effects model. Single-arm meta-analyses were performed to examine the prevalence rate of MCPyV+ in MCC, non-MCC skin lesions, and normal skin. The primary analysis was the prevalence rate of MCPyV+ in MCC. Secondary outcomes included the prevalence rate of MCPyV+ in non-MCC skin lesions and normal skin. A total of 50 studies involving 5428 patients were reviewed based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Compared with the control group, MCPyV infection was significantly associated with MCC (OR = 3.51, 95% CI = 2.96 - 4.05). The global prevalence of MCPyV+ in MCC, melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, Bowen's disease, actinic keratosis, keratoacanthoma, seborrheic keratosis, and normal skin was 80%, 4%, 15%, 15%, 21%, 6%, 20%, 10%, and 11%, respectively. The current results suggest that MCPyV infection is significantly associated with an increased risk of MCC. However, the low prevalence rate of MCPyV+ in non-MCC skin lesions does not exclude a pathogenic association of this virus with the development of non-MCC skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson A Wijaya
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Qing
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengyong Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Mentzer AJ, Brenner N, Allen N, Littlejohns TJ, Chong AY, Cortes A, Almond R, Hill M, Sheard S, McVean G, Collins R, Hill AVS, Waterboer T. Identification of host-pathogen-disease relationships using a scalable multiplex serology platform in UK Biobank. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1818. [PMID: 35383168 PMCID: PMC8983701 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29307-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain infectious agents are recognised causes of cancer and other chronic diseases. To understand the pathological mechanisms underlying such relationships, here we design a Multiplex Serology platform to measure quantitative antibody responses against 45 antigens from 20 infectious agents including human herpes, hepatitis, polyoma, papilloma, and retroviruses, as well as Chlamydia trachomatis, Helicobacter pylori and Toxoplasma gondii, then assayed a random subset of 9695 UK Biobank participants. We find seroprevalence estimates consistent with those expected from prior literature and confirm multiple associations of antibody responses with sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., lifetime sexual partners with C. trachomatis), HLA genetic variants (rs6927022 with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) EBNA1 antibodies) and disease outcomes (human papillomavirus-16 seropositivity with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and EBV responses with multiple sclerosis). Our accessible dataset is one of the largest incorporating diverse infectious agents in a prospective UK cohort offering opportunities to improve our understanding of host-pathogen-disease relationships with significant clinical and public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Mentzer
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicole Brenner
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Naomi Allen
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.421945.f0000 0004 0396 0496UK Biobank, Stockport, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas J. Littlejohns
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amanda Y. Chong
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian Cortes
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rachael Almond
- grid.421945.f0000 0004 0396 0496UK Biobank, Stockport, UK
| | - Michael Hill
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948MRC-Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Simon Sheard
- grid.421945.f0000 0004 0396 0496UK Biobank, Stockport, UK
| | - Gil McVean
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Rory Collins
- grid.421945.f0000 0004 0396 0496UK Biobank, Stockport, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian V. S. Hill
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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9
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Amorrortu RP, Zhao Y, Messina JL, Schell MJ, Fenske NA, Cherpelis BS, Sondak VK, Giuliano AR, Pawlita M, McKay-Chopin S, Gheit T, Waterboer T, Tommasino M, Rollison DE. Association between Human Polyomaviruses and Keratinocyte Carcinomas: A Prospective Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:1761-1764. [PMID: 34187857 PMCID: PMC8419098 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A positive association between Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cuSCC) has been observed in at least one previous case-control study. To evaluate this association in a prospective context, we investigated infections with human polyomaviruses (HPyV), including MCPyV, as predictors of keratinocyte carcinomas, including cuSCC and basal cell carcinoma (BCC), among a cohort of immunocompetent individuals enrolled in the Viruses in Skin Cancer (VIRUSCAN) Study. METHODS Associations between markers of baseline HPyV infection (serum antibodies and viral DNA in eyebrow hairs and skin swabs) and incident keratinocyte carcinomas were modeled using Cox proportional hazards regression. Proportions of baseline HPyV infections that were concordant with a subsequent tumor positive for the same HPyV type were assessed. RESULTS No significant associations were observed between baseline markers of MCPyV or other HPyV infections and cuSCC or BCC. Less than 4.5% of baseline MCPyV infections were also detected in subsequently developed keratinocyte carcinoma tumors. CONCLUSIONS HPyV infection was not a predictor of keratinocyte carcinoma risk in this prospective cohort. IMPACT Cancer-associated infections represent attractive targets for cancer prevention; however, HPyV infections have limited potential as novel targets for cuSCC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yayi Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jane L Messina
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Michael J Schell
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Neil A Fenske
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Basil S Cherpelis
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Vernon K Sondak
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Dana E Rollison
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
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10
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Serological and hematological characteristics of Sjogren's syndrome and dry eye syndrome patients using a novel immune serology technique. PLoS One 2021; 15:e0244712. [PMID: 33382786 PMCID: PMC7774976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare hematologic and serological parameters among patients with Sjogren's syndrome (SS), dry eye syndrome (DES) and controls, and validate a novel multiplex-serology method for identifying auto-antibodies in these populations. METHODS In a clinic-based case-control study a total of 422 participants were recruited, including 91 with SS, 120 DES, and 211 controls (age and sex frequency-matched). We measured blood counts, anti-nuclear-antibodies (ANA), anti-SSA/SSB, anti-ribonucleoprotein (RNP), anti-double-stranded-DNA (DS-DNA), and rheumatoid factor (RF) using the "Immunodot" qualitative-ELISA assay. Immunoglobulins, C3 and C4 were measured by immune-fluorescence. Autoantibodies were also quantified with a newly-developed method using glutathione-S-transferase fusion proteins of SSA/Ro 52 and 60kD and SSB/La (multiplex-serology), measuring median fluorescence intensity (MFI). RESULTS Among DES patients, only 2% (95%CI: 0.36-6.3) had positive immune serology. SS patients had lower lymphocyte, hemoglobin and C3 levels but higher prevalence of RF, ANA, anti-SSA/B and higher IgG and MFI levels, compared to DES and controls (P<0.001). Presence of anti-SSA/Ro-52kD was associated with SS [odds ratio (OR) = 2.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.46-2.88]. Anti-SSB/La was inversely associated with DES (OR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.65-1.00) compared to controls. Positivity to RF (adjusted for age, gender and ethnicity OR = 5.03, 95%CI: 1.78-14.21), ANA (OR = 14.75, 95%CI: 4.09-53.17), or combination of anti-SSA/B (OR = 20.97, 95%CI: 4.60-95.54) were more likely in SS compared to DES. The novel multiplex-serology method correctly identified anti-SSA/B autoantibodies by ELISA among SS, DES patients and controls (sensitivity = 1.0, negative-predictive-value = 1.0). CONCLUSIONS Serologic parameters distinguish SS from DES patients and controls. A newly-developed multiplex-serology technique may be useful to detect autoantibodies in large epidemiologic studies.
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11
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Galati L, Combes JD, Gupta P, Sen R, Robitaille A, Brancaccio RN, Atsou K, Cuenin C, McKay-Chopin S, Tornesello ML, Buonaguro FM, Clifford G, Gheit T, Tommasino M. Detection of a large spectrum of viral infections in conjunctival premalignant and malignant lesions. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:2862-2870. [PMID: 32525572 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To study the interaction between HIV and other carcinogenic infections in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we evaluated the presence of a broad spectrum of human viruses in conjunctiva specimens. Beta Human papillomavirus (HPV; n = 46), gamma HPV (n = 52), polyomaviruses (n = 12) and herpes viruses (n = 3) was determined in DNA extracted from 67 neoplastic and 55 non-neoplastic conjunctival tissues of HIV-positive and HIV negative subjects by Luminex-based assays. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was also used to further characterize the presence of cutaneous HPVs. Detection of beta-2 HPV infections was associated with the risk of neoplasia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8), regardless of HIV status (HIV positive, aOR 2.6, 95% CI 0.9-7.7; HIV negative, aOR 3.5, 95% CI 0.9-14.4). EBV was strongly associated with the risk of neoplasia (aOR 12.0, 95% CI 4.3-33.5; P < .01) mainly in HIV individuals (HIV positive, aOR 57.5; 95% CI: 10.1-327.1; HIV negative aOR 2.6; 95% CI: 0.2-34.7). NGS allowed to identify 13 putative novel HPVs in cases and controls. Our findings suggest a role of beta HPV types and EBV, in conjunctival SCC. However, additional studies of viral expression in tumor tissue are required to confirm the causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Galati
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Jean Damien Combes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Purnima Gupta
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Rajdip Sen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Alexis Robitaille
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Rosario Nicola Brancaccio
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Kueshivi Atsou
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRCCS "Fondazione Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Franco Maria Buonaguro
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRCCS "Fondazione Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Gary Clifford
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), World Health Organization, Lyon Cedex 08, France
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12
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Association of Combined Sero-Positivity to Helicobacter pylori and Streptococcus gallolyticus with Risk of Colorectal Cancer. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111698. [PMID: 33143263 PMCID: PMC7693002 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we found that risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increased in individuals with serum antibody response to both Helicobacter pylori (HP) Vacuolating Cytotoxin (VacA) toxin or Streptococcus gallolyticus (SGG) pilus protein Gallo2178. In the present analysis, we tested the hypothesis that combined seropositivity to both antigens is a better indicator of CRC risk than seropositivity to single antigens. We used multiplex serologic assays to analyze pre-diagnostic serum for antibody responses from 4063 incident CRC cases and 4063 matched controls from 10 US cohorts. To examine whether combined SGG Gallo2178 and HP VacA sero-status was associated with CRC risk, we used conditional logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared to dual sero-negative individuals, there was no increased risk for individuals sero-positive to SGG Gallo2178 only (OR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.66–1.31) or to HP VacA only (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 0.98–1.19). However, dual sero-positive individuals had a >50% increased odds of developing CRC (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.16–2.04), suggesting an interaction between antibody responses to these two pathogens and CRC risk (pinteraction = 0.06). In conclusion, this study suggests that dual sero-positivity to HP VacA and SGG Gallo2178 is an indicator of increased risk of CRC.
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Cancer Patients Have a Higher Risk Regarding COVID-19 - and Vice Versa? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13070143. [PMID: 32640723 PMCID: PMC7408191 DOI: 10.3390/ph13070143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The world is currently suffering from a pandemic which has claimed the lives of over 230,000 people to date. The responsible virus is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is mainly characterized by fever, cough and shortness of breath. In severe cases, the disease can lead to respiratory distress syndrome and septic shock, which are mostly fatal for the patient. The severity of disease progression was hypothesized to be related to an overshooting immune response and was correlated with age and comorbidities, including cancer. A lot of research has lately been focused on the pathogenesis and acute consequences of COVID-19. However, the possibility of long-term consequences caused by viral infections which has been shown for other viruses are not to be neglected. In this regard, this opinion discusses the interplay of SARS-CoV-2 infection and cancer with special focus on the inflammatory immune response and tissue damage caused by infection. We summarize the available literature on COVID-19 suggesting an increased risk for severe disease progression in cancer patients, and we discuss the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 could contribute to cancer development. We offer lines of thought to provide ideas for urgently needed studies on the potential long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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14
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Csoboz B, Rasheed K, Sveinbjørnsson B, Moens U. Merkel cell polyomavirus and non-Merkel cell carcinomas: guilty or circumstantial evidence? APMIS 2020; 128:104-120. [PMID: 31990105 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is the major causative factor of the rare but aggressive cancer, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). Two characteristics of MCPyV-positive MCCs are integration of the viral genome and expression of a truncated version of one of its oncogenic proteins, namely large T antigen. The strong association of MCPyV with MCC development has incited researchers to further investigate a possible role of this virus in other cancers. However, many of the examples displaying the presence of the virus in the various non-MCC cancers are not able to clearly demonstrate a direct connection between cellular transformation and the presence of the virus. The prevalence of the virus is significantly lower in non-MCC cancers compared to MCCs, with a lower level of viral load and sparse viral protein expression. Moreover, the state of the viral genome, and whether a truncated large T antigen is expressed, has rarely been investigated. Nonetheless, considering the strong oncogenic potential of MCPyV proteins in MCC, the plausible contribution of MCPyV to transformation and cancer growth in non-MCC tumors cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, the absence of MCPyV in cancers does not exclude a hit-and-run mechanism, or the oncoproteins of MCPyV may potentiate the neoplastic process mediated by co-infecting oncoviruses such as high-risk human papillomaviruses and Epstein-Barr virus. The current review is focusing on the available data describing the presence of MCPyV in non-MCC tumors, with an aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the corresponding literature and to discuss the potential contribution of MCPyV to non-MCC cancer in light of this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balint Csoboz
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Kashif Rasheed
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Baldur Sveinbjørnsson
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ugo Moens
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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15
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Amorrortu RP, Fenske NA, Cherpelis BS, Vijayan L, Zhao Y, Balliu J, Messina JL, Sondak VK, Giuliano AR, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Rollison DE. Viruses in Skin Cancer (VIRUSCAN): Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of a Prospective Clinic-Based Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:39-48. [PMID: 31427307 PMCID: PMC6954275 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that cutaneous viral infections are risk factors for the development of keratinocyte carcinomas. The Viruses in Skin Cancer (VIRUSCAN) Study, a prospective cohort study, was established in 2014 to investigate the risk of keratinocyte carcinoma associated with cutaneous human papillomavirus and polyomavirus infection and the possible interaction with ultraviolet radiation exposure (UVR). METHODS/RESULTS VIRUSCAN incorporates repeated measures of viral infection using multiple markers of infection and quantitative measures of UVR using a spectrophotometer. Participants were recruited between July 14, 2014 and August 31, 2017 at the University of South Florida Dermatology Clinic in Tampa, FL. After excluding 124 individuals with prevalent keratinocyte carcinomas at baseline, 1,179 participants (53.2% women, 46.8% men, all ages 60 years and older) were followed for up to 4 years with routine skin exams occurring every 6 to 12 months. Here, we present the VIRUSCAN Study design, methods, and baseline characteristics, including demographics, sun exposure behavior, quantitative UVR exposure measurements, and cutaneous viral prevalence, for the full study cohort. CONCLUSIONS The VIRUSCAN Study will provide critical temporal evidence needed to assess the causality of the role cutaneous viral infections play in the development of keratinocyte carcinomas, as well as the potential interaction between cutaneous viral infections and UVR exposure. IMPACT Study findings will be valuable in future development of novel keratinocyte carcinoma prevention strategies.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/etiology
- Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/virology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Keratinocytes/pathology
- Keratinocytes/radiation effects
- Keratinocytes/virology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prevalence
- Prospective Studies
- Research Design
- Risk Factors
- Skin/cytology
- Skin/pathology
- Skin/radiation effects
- Skin/virology
- Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology
- Skin Neoplasms/etiology
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
- Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects
- Warts/diagnosis
- Warts/epidemiology
- Warts/pathology
- Warts/virology
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neil A Fenske
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Basil S Cherpelis
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Laxmi Vijayan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Yayi Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Juliana Balliu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jane L Messina
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Vernon K Sondak
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Dana E Rollison
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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16
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Rollison DE, Schell MJ, Fenske NA, Cherpelis B, Messina JL, Giuliano AR, Epling-Burnette PK, Hampras SS, Amorrortu RP, Balliu J, Vijayan L, Naqvi SMH, Zhao Y, Parab K, McKay-Chopin S, Gheit T, Tommasino M. Cutaneous Viral Infections Across 2 Anatomic Sites Among a Cohort of Patients Undergoing Skin Cancer Screening. J Infect Dis 2019; 219:711-722. [PMID: 30260406 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings from previous studies of cutaneous human papillomavirus (cuHPV) infection and keratinocyte carcinomas have varied due to several factors, including use of different sample types for cuHPV DNA detection. Elucidating the relationship between cuHPV infection in eyebrow hairs (EBHs) and skin swabs (SSWs) is critical for advancing the design of future studies. METHODS DNA corresponding to 46 β-HPV and 52 γ-HPV types was measured in EBHs and SSWs obtained from 370 individuals undergoing routine skin cancer screening examinations. RESULTS Prevalence of β-HPV/γ-HPV was 92%/84% and 73%/43% in SSWs and EBHs, respectively, with 71%/39% of patients testing positive for β-HPV/γ-HPV in both sample types. Number of cuHPV types detected and degree of infection were correlated across SSWs and EBHs. When the EBH was positive for a given β-HPV/γ-HPV type, the SSW was positive for that same type 81%/72% of the time. CONCLUSIONS Testing SSWs captures more cuHPV infection than EBHs, with EBH infections usually representing a subset of SSW infections. The importance of optimizing sensitivity of cuHPV infection detection using SSWs vs specificity using EBHs (or a combination of the 2) will be ascertained in an ongoing cohort study investigating cuHPV associations with subsequent keratinocyte carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana E Rollison
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida.,Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Tampa, Florida
| | - Michael J Schell
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Neil A Fenske
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Basil Cherpelis
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jane L Messina
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, Tampa, Florida
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yayi Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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17
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Hampras SS, Tommasino M, Zhao Y, Messina JL, Giuliano AR, Fenske NA, Cherpelis B, Hesterberg RS, Akuffo AA, Amorrortu RP, Balliu J, Vijayan L, Gheit T, Epling-Burnette PK, Rollison DE. Cross-sectional associations between cutaneous viral infections and regulatory T lymphocytes in circulation. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:1449-1458. [PMID: 30431148 PMCID: PMC6520211 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous viral infections and immune suppression are risk factors for some forms of nonmelanoma skin cancer; however, their interrelationship is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To examine cross-sectional associations between cutaneous viral infections and circulating forkhead-box P3 (FOXP3)-expressing T-regulatory (Treg) cells, suppressive cells that dampen effective antitumour immunity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood, eyebrow hair (EBH) and skin swab (SSW) samples were collected from 352 patients 60 years and older undergoing skin screening, without prevalent skin cancer, while participating in an ongoing prospective cohort study of cutaneous viral infections and skin cancer. DNA corresponding to 98 cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) types and five human polyomaviruses (HPyV) was assessed in EBH and SSW. Distinct classes of circulating Treg-cell subpopulations were defined by flow cytometry including cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA) and CCR4high Treg cells, both previously associated with cutaneous diseases. Age- and sex-adjusted associations between circulating T-cell populations and infection were estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS Total Treg-cell proportion in peripheral blood was not associated with β HPV or HPyV infection. However, the proportion of circulating CLA+ Treg cells was inversely associated with γ HPV EBH infection [odds ratio (OR) 0·54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·35-0·84]. Interestingly, circulating Treg cells expressing markers indicative of antigen activation (CD27- CD45RA- FOXP3+ CD4+ ) were also inversely associated with γ HPV infection in SSW (OR 0·55, 95% CI 0·30-0·99) and EBH (OR 0·56, 95% CI 0·36-0·86). CONCLUSIONS Inverse associations between circulating Treg cells and γ HPV infection suggest that localized viral infection may promote immunosuppressive cell migration into skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Hampras
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - M Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Y Zhao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - J L Messina
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - A R Giuliano
- Center for Immunization and Infection Research in Cancer, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - N A Fenske
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - B Cherpelis
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, U.S.A
| | - R S Hesterberg
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - A A Akuffo
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - R P Amorrortu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - J Balliu
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - L Vijayan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - T Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - P K Epling-Burnette
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
| | - D E Rollison
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, U.S.A
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18
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Diagnostic accuracy of a panel of immunohistochemical and molecular markers to distinguish Merkel cell carcinoma from other neuroendocrine carcinomas. Mod Pathol 2019; 32:499-510. [PMID: 30349028 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0155-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin mostly induced by Merkel cell polyomavirus integration. Cytokeratin 20 (CK20) positivity is currently used to distinguish Merkel cell carcinomas from other neuroendocrine carcinomas. However, this distinction may be challenging in CK20-negative cases and in cases without a primary skin tumor. The objectives of this study were first to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of previously described markers for the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma and second to validate these markers in the setting of difficult-to-diagnose Merkel cell carcinoma variants. In a preliminary set (n = 30), we assessed optimal immunohistochemical patterns (CK20, thyroid transcription factor 1 [TTF-1], atonal homolog 1 [ATOH1], neurofilament [NF], special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 [SATB2], paired box protein 5, terminal desoxynucleotidyl transferase, CD99, mucin 1, and Merkel cell polyomavirus-large T antigen) and Merkel cell polyomavirus load thresholds (real-time PCR). The diagnostic accuracy of each marker was then assessed in a validation set of 103 Merkel cell carcinomas (9 CK20-negative cases and 15 cases without a primary skin tumor) and 70 extracutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma cases. The most discriminant markers for a diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma were SATB2, NF expression, and Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA detection (positive likelihood ratios: 36.6, 44.4, and 28.2, respectively). Regarding Merkel cell carcinoma variants, cases without a primary skin tumor retained a similar immunohistochemical profile and CK20-negative tumors displayed a different profile (decrease frequency of NF and SATB2 expression), but Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA remained detected (78% of cases by qPCR). Moreover, 8/9 (89%) CK20-negative Merkel cell carcinoma cases but only 3/61 (5%) CK20-negative extracutaneous neuroendocrine cases were positive for at least one of these markers. In conclusion, detection of SATB2 and NF expression and Merkel cell polyomavirus DNA helps distinguish between Merkel cell carcinoma classical and variant cases and extracutaneous neuroendocrine carcinomas.
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19
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Kourieh A, Combes JD, Tommasino M, Dalstein V, Clifford GM, Lacau St Guily J, Clavel C, Franceschi S, Gheit T, For The Split Study Group. Prevalence and risk factors of human polyomavirus infections in non-malignant tonsils and gargles: the SPLIT study. J Gen Virol 2018; 99:1686-1698. [PMID: 30407150 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of 13 polyomaviruses (PyVs) in the tonsil brushings and gargles of immunocompetent children and adults was assessed. Patients undergoing tonsillectomy for benign indications were recruited in 19 centres in France. After resection, the entire outer surface of the right and left halves of the tonsils was brushed extensively. Gargles were also collected prior to surgery in selected adults. A species-specific multiplex assay was used to detect the DNA of 13 PyVs. In tonsil brushings (n=689), human PyV 6 (HPyV6) and Merkel cell PyV (MCPyV) were the most prevalent (≈15 %), followed by trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated PyV (TSPyV), BKPyV, Washington University PyV (WUPyV) and human PyV 9 (HPyV9) (1 to 5 %), and human PyV 7 (HPyV7), John Cunningham PyV (JCPyV) and Simian virus 40 (SV40) (<1 %), while no Karolinska Institute PyV (KIPyV), Malawi PyV (MWPyV), human PyV 12 (HPyV12) or Lyon IARC PyV (LIPyV) were detected. The prevalence of TSPyV and BKPyV was significantly higher in children versus adults, whereas for HPyV6 the opposite was found. HPyV6 and WUPyV were significantly more prevalent in men versus women. In gargles (n=139), MCPyV was the most prevalent (≈40 %), followed by HPyV6, HPyV9 and LIPyV (2 to 4 %), and then BKPyV (≈1 %), while other PyVs were not detected. MCPyV and LIPyV were significantly more prevalent in gargles compared to tonsil brushings, in contrast to HPyV6. We described differing patterns of individual PyV infections in tonsils and gargles in a large age-stratified population. Comparison of the spectrum of PyVs in paired tonsil samples and gargles adds to the current knowledge on PyV epidemiology, contributing towards a better understanding of PyV acquisition and transmission and its potential role in head and neck diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboud Kourieh
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Jean-Damien Combes
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Véronique Dalstein
- 2CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire Biopathologie, 51092 Reims, France
- 3INSERM, UMR-S 1250, 51092 Reims, France
- 4Faculté de Médecine, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France
| | - Gary M Clifford
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Jean Lacau St Guily
- 5Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- 6Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christine Clavel
- 2CHU Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, Laboratoire Biopathologie, 51092 Reims, France
- 3INSERM, UMR-S 1250, 51092 Reims, France
- 4Faculté de Médecine, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 51095 Reims, France
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- 7Aviano Cancer Centre, Via Franco Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Tarik Gheit
- 1International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
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20
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Butt J, Blot WJ, Teras LR, Visvanathan K, Le Marchand L, Haiman CA, Chen Y, Bao Y, Sesso HD, Wassertheil-Smoller S, Ho GY, Tinker LF, Peek RM, Potter JD, Cover TL, Hendrix LH, Huang LC, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Epplein M. Antibody Responses to Streptococcus Gallolyticus Subspecies Gallolyticus Proteins in a Large Prospective Colorectal Cancer Cohort Consortium. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2018; 27:1186-1194. [PMID: 30038049 PMCID: PMC6170691 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Antibody responses to Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (SGG) proteins, especially pilus protein Gallo2178, have been consistently associated with colorectal cancer risk. Previous case-control studies and prospective studies with up to 8 years of follow-up, however, were unable to decipher the temporality of antibody responses to SGG in the context of the long-term multistep development of colorectal cancer. In this study, we analyzed a large U.S. colorectal cancer cohort consortium with follow-up beyond 10 years for antibody responses to SGG.Methods: We applied multiplex serology to measure antibody responses to 9 SGG proteins in participants of 10 prospective U.S. cohorts (CLUE, CPSII, HPFS, MEC, NHS, NYUWHS, PHS, PLCO, SCCS, and WHI) including 4,063 incident colorectal cancer cases and 4,063 matched controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess whether antibody responses to SGG were associated with colorectal cancer risk, overall and by time between blood draw and diagnosis.Results: Colorectal cancer risk was increased among those with antibody responses to Gallo2178, albeit not statistically significant [OR, 1.23; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99-1.52]. This association was stronger for cases diagnosed <10 years after blood draw (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.09-1.79), but was not found among cases diagnosed ≥10 years after blood draw (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.50-1.24).Conclusions: In a large cohort consortium, we reproduced the association of antibody responses to SGG Gallo2178 with colorectal cancer risk for individuals diagnosed within 10 years after blood draw.Impact: This timing-specific finding suggests that antibody responses to SGG are associated with increased colorectal cancer risk only after tumorigenesis has begun. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(10); 1186-94. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Butt
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Duke Cancer Institute, and Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Kala Visvanathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Loïc Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- University of Southern California and USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ying Bao
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Gloria Y Ho
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology and Prevention, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Great Neck, New York
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- WHI Clinical Coordinating Center at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Richard M Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - John D Potter
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Timothy L Cover
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Microbiology Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Laura H Hendrix
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Li-Ching Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Division of Molecular Diagnostics of Oncogenic Infections, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Meira Epplein
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Duke Cancer Institute, and Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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21
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Kervarrec T, Samimi M, Gaboriaud P, Gheit T, Beby-Defaux A, Houben R, Schrama D, Fromont G, Tommasino M, Le Corre Y, Hainaut-Wierzbicka E, Aubin F, Bens G, Maillard H, Furudoï A, Michenet P, Touzé A, Guyétant S. Detection of the Merkel cell polyomavirus in the neuroendocrine component of combined Merkel cell carcinoma. Virchows Arch 2018; 472:825-837. [PMID: 29594354 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-018-2342-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. The main etiological agent is Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), detected in 80% of cases. About 5% of cases, called combined MCC, feature an admixture of neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine tumor cells. Reports of the presence or absence of MCPyV in combined MCC are conflicting, most favoring the absence, which suggests that combined MCC might have independent etiological factors and pathogenesis. These discrepancies might occur with the use of different virus identification assays, with different sensitivities. In this study, we aimed to determine the viral status of combined MCC by a multimodal approach. We histologically reviewed 128 cases of MCC and sub-classified them as "combined" or "conventional." Both groups were compared by clinical data (age, sex, site, American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] stage, immunosuppression, risk of recurrence, and death during follow-up) and immunochemical features (cytokeratin 20 and 7, thyroid transcription factor 1 [TTF1], p53, large T antigen [CM2B4], CD8 infiltrates). After a first calibration step with 12 conventional MCCs and 12 cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas as controls, all eight cases of combined MCC were investigated for MCPyV viral status by combining two independent molecular procedures. Furthermore, on multiplex genotyping assay, the samples were examined for the presence of other polyoma- and papillomaviruses. Combined MCC differed from conventional MCC in earlier AJCC stage, increased risk of recurrence and death, decreased CD8 infiltrates, more frequent TTF1 positivity (5/8), abnormal p53 expression (8/8), and frequent lack of large T antigen expression (7/8). With the molecular procedure, half of the combined MCC cases were positive for MCPyV in the neuroendocrine component. Beta papillomaviruses were detected in 5/8 combined MCC cases and 9/12 conventional MCC cases. In conclusion, the detection of MCPyV DNA in half of the combined MCC cases suggests similar routes of carcinogenesis for combined and conventional MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Kervarrec
- Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, 37044, Tours Cedex 09, France.
- Biologie des infections à polyomavirus team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, 31, Avenue Monge, 37200, Tours, France.
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Mahtab Samimi
- Biologie des infections à polyomavirus team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, 31, Avenue Monge, 37200, Tours, France
- Department of Dermatology, Université François Rabelais, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, 37044, Tours Cedex 09, France
| | - Pauline Gaboriaud
- Biologie des infections à polyomavirus team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, 31, Avenue Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Agnès Beby-Defaux
- Université de Poitiers, 2RCT "Récepteurs et régulation des cellules tumorales" team, 1 rue Georges Bonnet, 86073, Poitiers, France
- Department of Virology, Université de Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, 86021, Poitiers, France
| | - Roland Houben
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Schrama
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gaëlle Fromont
- Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, 37044, Tours Cedex 09, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Department of Dermatology, Université François Rabelais, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, 37044, Tours Cedex 09, France
| | - Yannick Le Corre
- Department of Dermatology, LUNAM Université, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Eva Hainaut-Wierzbicka
- Department of Dermatology, Université de Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, 2 rue de la Milétrie, 86021, Poitiers, France
| | - Francois Aubin
- Department of Dermatology, Université de Franche Comté, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, EA3181, IFR133, 2 boulevard Fleming, 25030, Besançon, France
| | - Guido Bens
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, 14 avenue de l'Hôpital, CS 86709, 45067, Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Hervé Maillard
- Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Régional du Mans, 194 avenue Rubillard, 72037, Le Mans, France
| | - Adeline Furudoï
- Department of Pathology, Université de Bordeaux, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Avenue de Magellan, 33604, Pessac, France
| | - Patrick Michenet
- Department of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier Régional d'Orléans, 14 avenue de l'Hôpital, CS 86709, 45067, Orléans cedex 2, France
| | - Antoine Touzé
- Biologie des infections à polyomavirus team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, 31, Avenue Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Serge Guyétant
- Department of Pathology, Université de Tours, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours, 37044, Tours Cedex 09, France
- Biologie des infections à polyomavirus team, UMR INRA ISP 1282, Université de Tours, 31, Avenue Monge, 37200, Tours, France
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22
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Wu JH, Cohen DN, Rady PL, Tyring SK. BRAF inhibitor-associated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: new mechanistic insight, emerging evidence for viral involvement and perspectives on clinical management. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:914-923. [PMID: 28129674 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the BRAF proto-oncogene occur in the majority of cutaneous melanomas. The commonly detected valine (V) to glutamate (E) mutation (V600E) is known to drive melanomagenesis and has thus been the target of two highly selective chemotherapeutic agents: vemurafenib and dabrafenib. While BRAF inhibitor therapy has revolutionized the treatment of metastatic melanoma, unanticipated cutaneous toxicities, including the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs), are frequently reported and hinder therapeutic durability. However, the mechanisms by which BRAF inhibitors induce cutaneous neoplasms are poorly understood, thus posing a challenge for specific therapies. In this review, we summarize the clinical and molecular profiles of BRAF inhibitor-associated cSCCs, with a focus on factors that may contribute to disease pathogenesis. In particular, we discuss the emerging evidence pointing towards viral involvement in BRAF inhibitor-induced cutaneous neoplasms and offer new perspectives on future therapeutic interventions. Continued clinical and mechanistic studies along this line will not only allow for better understanding of the pathogenic progression of BRAF inhibitor-induced cSCCs, but will also lead to development of new therapeutic and preventative options for patients receiving targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Wu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - D N Cohen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - P L Rady
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - S K Tyring
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, U.S.A
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23
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Hampras SS, Locke FL, Chavez JC, Patel NS, Giuliano AR, Miller K, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Rollison DE. Prevalence of cutaneous viral infections in incident cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma detected among chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:911-917. [PMID: 28679298 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1342822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of cutaneous viral infections in the development of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), including cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), among chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and blood and marrow transplant (BMT) patients is not established. CLL (n = 977) and BMT (n = 3587) patients treated at the Moffitt Cancer Center were included in a retrospective cohort study. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and human polyomavirus (HPyV) DNA were examined in a subset of incident SCC tumors. Five-year cumulative incidence of NMSC was 1.42% in both BMT (n = 31 NMSCs) and CLL (n = 18 NMSCs) cohorts. Of the nine SCC tumors examined from each cohort, 22.2% and 33.3% were positive for viral DNA in the transplant (HPV 65, MCV) and CLL (HPV 38, HPV 15, HPyV6) cohort, respectively. Enhanced skin cancer screening of BMT/CLL patients should be conducted to better capture incident NMSCs and examine the role of viral infections in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka S Hampras
- a Department of Cancer Epidemiology , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Frederick L Locke
- b Department of Blood and Marrow Transplant and Cellular Immunotherapy , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Julio C Chavez
- c Department of Malignant Hematology , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Nishit S Patel
- d Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine , University of South Florida , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Anna R Giuliano
- a Department of Cancer Epidemiology , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , FL , USA.,e Center for Infection Research in Cancer , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , Florida , USA
| | - Kyle Miller
- f College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Tarik Gheit
- g Infections and Cancer Biology Group , International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization , Lyon , France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- g Infections and Cancer Biology Group , International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization , Lyon , France
| | - Dana E Rollison
- a Department of Cancer Epidemiology , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , FL , USA.,e Center for Infection Research in Cancer , Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , Florida , USA
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24
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Hodgkinson VS, Egger S, Betsou F, Waterboer T, Pawlita M, Michel A, Baker MS, Banks E, Sitas F. Preanalytical Stability of Antibodies to Pathogenic Antigens. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2017; 26:1337-1344. [PMID: 28483968 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Serologic testing for antibodies against epitopes from pathogens is a valuable tool for investigating the relationship between infection and disease. This study comprehensively evaluates the impact of preanalytic variation on antibody seropositivities to a selected set of antigens arising from delays in processing of blood samples, preprocessing storage temperature, and vacutainer type.Methods: We assessed peripheral blood collected from 29 volunteers in four different Vacutainer types [ethylenediaminoetetraacetic acid (EDTA), acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD), lithium heparin (LH), serum separator tubes (SST)], and stored at 4°C or room temperature for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days before processing. Multiplex serology was used to determine antibody reactivity against 35 antigens derived from human papillomaviruses, human polyomaviruses, Epstein-Barr virus, and Helicobacter pylori Cohen's κ statistic was used to measure agreement on seropositivity status between samples exposed to standard and nonstandard clinical practice conditions.Results: For samples processed without delay, κ was not associated with storage-temperature (P value range 0.23 to 0.95) or vacutainer type (P value range, 0.35-0.89). Kappa did not significantly decline with increasing delays in processing for any vacutainer-type storage temperature combination (P slope range, 0.06-1.00).Conclusions: Antibodies to epitopes from various pathogenic infectious agents can be measured reliably from samples stored in SST, EDTA, ACD, or LH vacutainers at either room temperature or 4°C for up to 6 days before processing.Impact: Serologic testing is robust to several preanalytic options. These findings are particularly important for epidemiologic studies recruiting participants from remote settings where sample exposure to preanalytic conditions can vary considerably. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(8); 1337-44. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam Egger
- Cancer Council New South Wales, Woolloomooloo, Australia.
| | - Fay Betsou
- Integrated BioBank of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Mark S Baker
- Australian School of Advanced Medicine, Macquarie University, Ryde, Australia
| | - Emily Banks
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Freddy Sitas
- Cancer Council New South Wales, Woolloomooloo, Australia
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Australia
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Australia
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25
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Bellott TR, Baez CF, Almeida SG, Venceslau MT, Zalis MG, Guimarães MA, Rochael MC, Luz FB, Varella RB, Almeida JR. Molecular prevalence of Merkel cell polyomavirus in nonmelanoma skin cancer in a Brazilian population. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017; 42:390-394. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T. R. Bellott
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro; Niterói Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - C. F. Baez
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Universidade Federal do Rio do Janeiro; Brazil
| | - S. G. Almeida
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Universidade Federal do Rio do Janeiro; Brazil
| | - M. T. Venceslau
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Universidade Federal do Rio do Janeiro; Brazil
| | - M. G. Zalis
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Universidade Federal do Rio do Janeiro; Brazil
| | - M. A. Guimarães
- Department of Preventive Medicine; Universidade Federal do Rio do Janeiro; Brazil
| | - M. C. Rochael
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro; Niterói Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - F. B. Luz
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro; Niterói Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - R. B. Varella
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro; Niterói Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - J. R. Almeida
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro; Niterói Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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26
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Histological Features, p53, c-Kit, and Poliomavirus Status and Impact on Survival in Merkel Cell Carcinoma Patients. Am J Dermatopathol 2017; 38:571-9. [PMID: 27442046 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy from neuroendocrine cells in the skin. Despite being one of the most life-threatening of skin cancers, little is known about the potential signaling mechanism that drives carcinogenesis in MCC. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), p53, and c-kit on the histological features and clinical prognosis of MCC treated in our regional hospitals. METHOD The design was a retrospective study. The specimens were taken between 1993 and 2013 in 2 referral hospitals of Southern Spain. Data were collected retrospectively and analyzed using SPSS software. RESULTS Thirteen lesions from 13 subjects were included in the study. Positivity for c-kit was associated with the absence of MCPyV viral DNA (P = 0.048) and positivity for p53 (P = 0.002). More rate of mitoses per high-power field was presented significantly in those specimens with: positivity for c-kit (P = 0.046), positivity for p53 (P = 0.05), lesions with infiltrative growth pattern (P = 0.008), and lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.034). We observed an inverse relationship between p53 expression and MCPyV infection (Pearson's coefficient: -0.524; P = 0.046) and between c-kit expression and MCPyV infection (Pearson's coefficient: -0.548; P = 0.05), whereas the relationship was positive between p53 expression and c-kit expression (Pearson's coefficient: 0.884; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION We conclude that presence of MCPyV DNA has no effect on overall survival. MCCs with p53 and c-kit expressions are associated with the absence of or low MCPyV DNA showing an inverse relationship. A multifactorial molecular pathogenesis where positivity for p53 and c-kit are associated with other mechanisms different than MCPyV (such as pro-mitotic factors) may lead to aggressive clinical behavior.
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27
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Hampras SS, Reed RA, Bezalel S, Cameron M, Cherpelis B, Fenske N, Sondak VK, Messina J, Tommasino M, Gheit T, Rollison DE. Cutaneous Human Papillomavirus Infection and Development of Subsequent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin. J Skin Cancer 2016; 2016:1368103. [PMID: 27891253 PMCID: PMC5116506 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1368103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the development of subsequent cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is unknown. Pathologically confirmed cases of SCC (n = 150) enrolled in a previously conducted case-control study were included in a retrospective cohort study to examine the association of cutaneous HPV at the time of SCC diagnosis with the risk of subsequent SCC development. Data on HPV seropositivity, HPV DNA in eyebrow hairs (EB) and SCC tumors were available from the parent study. Incidence of subsequent SCC was estimated using person-years of follow up. Cox Proportional Hazards ratios were estimated to evaluate the associations of both, HPV seropositivity and HPV DNA positivity with subsequent SCC. The five year cumulative incidence of subsequent SCC was 72%. Seropositivity to cutaneous HPV was not associated with the risk of subsequent SCC (HR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.41-1.67). Any beta HPV infection in EB was associated with reduced risk (HR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.11-0.78) of subsequent SCC among cases who were positive for beta HPV DNA in tumor tissue. Infection with beta HPV type 2 (HR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.12-0.86) in EB was associated with reduced risk of subsequent SCC among HPV DNA positive SCCs. In conclusion, beta HPV infection was inversely associated with the risk of subsequent SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka S. Hampras
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Rhianna A. Reed
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Spencer Bezalel
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Michael Cameron
- University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Basil Cherpelis
- Department of Dermatology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Neil Fenske
- Department of Dermatology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Vernon K. Sondak
- Cutaneous Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jane Messina
- Department of Dermatology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Cutaneous Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon 69372, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon 69372, France
| | - Dana E. Rollison
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Gossai A, Waterboer T, Hoen AG, Farzan SF, Nelson HH, Michel A, Willhauck‐Fleckenstein M, Christensen BC, Perry AE, Pawlita M, Karagas MR. Human polyomaviruses and incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the New Hampshire skin cancer study. Cancer Med 2016; 5:1239-50. [PMID: 26899857 PMCID: PMC4924382 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is a malignancy arising from epithelial keratinocytes. Experimental and epidemiologic evidence raise the possibility that human polyomaviruses (PyV) may be associated with the occurrence of SCC. To investigate whether the risk for SCC was associated with PyV infection, seropositivity to 10 PyV types was assessed following diagnosis in a population-based case-control study conducted in the United States. A total of 253 SCC cases and 460 age group and gender-matched controls were included. Antibody response against each PyV was measured using a multiplex serology-based glutathione S-transferase capture assay of recombinantly expressed VP1 capsid proteins. Odds ratios (OR) for SCC associated with seropositivity to each PyV type were estimated using logistic regression, with adjustment for potentially confounding factors. SCC cases were seropositive for a greater number of PyVs than controls (P = 0.049). Those who were JC seropositive had increased odds of SCC when compared to those who were JC seronegative (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.98-1.90), with an increasing trend in SCC risk with increasing quartiles of seroreactivity (P for trend = 0.04). There were no clear associations between SCC risk and serostatus for other PyV types. This study provides limited evidence that infection with certain PyVs may be related to the occurrence of SCC in the general population of the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anala Gossai
- Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthHanoverNew Hampshire
| | - Tim Waterboer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
| | - Anne G. Hoen
- Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthHanoverNew Hampshire
| | - Shohreh F. Farzan
- Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthHanoverNew Hampshire
- New York UniversityNew York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Ann E. Perry
- Geisel School of Medicine at DartmouthHanoverNew Hampshire
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Phylogenetic and structural analysis of merkel cell polyomavirus VP1 in Brazilian samples. Virus Res 2016; 221:1-7. [PMID: 27173789 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of the phylogenetic and structural characteristics of the Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV) is increasing but still scarce, especially in samples originating from South America. In order to investigate the properties of MCPyV circulating in the continent in more detail, MCPyV Viral Protein 1 (VP1) sequences from five basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and four saliva samples from Brazilian individuals were evaluated from the phylogenetic and structural standpoint, along with all complete MCPyV VP1 sequences available at Genbank database so far. The VP1 phylogenetic analysis confirmed the previously reported pattern of geographic distribution of MCPyV genotypes and the complexity of the South-American clade. The nine Brazilian samples were equally distributed in the South-American (3 saliva samples); North American/European (2 BCC and 1 saliva sample); and in the African clades (3 BCC). The classification of mutations according to the functional regions of VP1 protein revealed a differentiated pattern for South-American sequences, with higher number of mutations on the neutralizing epitope loops and lower on the region of C-terminus, responsible for capsid formation, when compared to other continents. In conclusion, the phylogenetic analysis showed that the distribution of Brazilian VP1 sequences agrees with the ethnic composition of the country, indicating that VP1 can be successfully used for MCPyV phylogenetic studies. Finally, the structural analysis suggests that some mutations could have impact on the protein folding, membrane binding or antibody escape, and therefore they should be further studied.
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Urso C, Pierucci F, Sollai M, Arvia R, Massi D, Zakrzewska K. Detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus and human papillomavirus DNA in porocarcinoma. J Clin Virol 2016; 78:71-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Gossai A, Waterboer T, Nelson HH, Doherty JA, Michel A, Willhauck-Fleckenstein M, Farzan SF, Christensen BC, Hoen AG, Perry AE, Pawlita M, Karagas MR. Prospective Study of Human Polyomaviruses and Risk of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 25:736-44. [PMID: 26908434 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Merkel cell polyomavirus (PyV) is causally related to Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare skin malignancy. Little is known about the serostability of other PyVs over time or associations with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS As part of a U.S. nested case-control study, antibody response against the PyV VP1 capsid proteins of BK and John Cunningham virus (JC) was measured using multiplex serology on 113 SCC cases and 229 gender, age, and study center-matched controls who had a prior keratinocyte cancer. Repeated serum samples from controls and both pre and postdiagnosis samples from a subset of SCC cases were also tested. Odds ratios (OR) for SCC associated with seropositivity to each PyV type were estimated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Among controls, BK and JC seroreactivity was stable over time, with intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.86 for BK and 0.94 for JC. Among cases, there was little evidence of seroconversion following SCC diagnosis. JC seropositivity prior to diagnosis was associated with an elevated risk of SCC (OR = 2.54; 95% CI, 1.23-5.25), and SCC risk increased with increasing quartiles of JC (Ptrend = 0.004) and BK (Ptrend = 0.02) seroreactivity. CONCLUSIONS PyV antibody levels were stable over time and following an SCC diagnosis. A history of PyV infection may be involved in the occurrence of SCC in a population at high risk for this malignancy. IMPACT A single measure of PyV seroreactivity appears a reliable indicator of long-term antibody status, and PyV exposure may be a risk factor for subsequent SCC. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 736-44. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anala Gossai
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Tim Waterboer
- German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heather H Nelson
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jennifer A Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Angelika Michel
- German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Langone Medical Center, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Brock C Christensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Anne G Hoen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Ann E Perry
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Michael Pawlita
- German Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire. Department of Community and Family Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.
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Gossai A, Waterboer T, Nelson HH, Michel A, Willhauck-Fleckenstein M, Farzan SF, Hoen AG, Christensen BC, Kelsey KT, Marsit CJ, Pawlita M, Karagas MR. Seroepidemiology of Human Polyomaviruses in a US Population. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 183:61-9. [PMID: 26667254 PMCID: PMC5006224 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyomaviruses (PyV) are potentially tumorigenic in humans. However, limited data exist on the population seroprevalence of PyVs and individual characteristics that relate to seropositivity. Using multiplex serology, we determined the seroprevalence of 10 human PyVs (BK, JC, KI, WU, MCV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSV, HPyV9, and HPyV10) among controls from a population-based skin cancer case-control study (n = 460) conducted in New Hampshire between 1993 and 1995. On a subset of participants (n = 194), methylation at CpG dinucleotides across the genome was measured in peripheral blood using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation27 BeadChip array (Illumina Inc., San Diego, California), from which lymphocyte subtype proportions were inferred. All participants were seropositive for at least 1 PyV, with seroprevalences ranging from 17.6% (HPyV9) to 99.1% (HPyV10). Seropositivity to JC, MCV, and HPyV7 increased with age. JC and TSV seropositivity were more common among men than among women. Smokers were more likely to be HPyV9-seropositive but MCV-seronegative, and HPyV7 seropositivity was associated with prolonged glucocorticoid use. Based on DNA methylation profiles, differences were observed in CD8-positive T- and B-cell proportions by BK, JC, and HPyV9 seropositivity. Our findings suggest that PyV seropositivity is common in the United States and varies by sociodemographic and biological characteristics, including those related to immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Correspondence to Dr. Margaret R. Karagas, Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756 (e-mail: )
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Hampras SS, Michel A, Schmitt M, Waterboer T, Kranz L, Gheit T, Fisher K, Sondak VK, Messina J, Fenske N, Cherpelis B, Tommasino M, Pawlita M, Rollison DE. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) T-antigen seroreactivity, MCV DNA in eyebrow hairs, and squamous cell carcinoma. Infect Agent Cancer 2015; 10:35. [PMID: 26483848 PMCID: PMC4610041 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-015-0030-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) infection in the etiology of non-melanoma skin cancers, other than Merkel cell carcinoma, is unclear. Previously, we reported a significant association between seropositivity to MCV capsid antigen and MCV DNA-positive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Here we present associations between SCC and seroreactivity to MCV T-antigen (T-Ag) oncoprotein, as well as MCV DNA detected in eyebrow hairs. Findings A clinic-based case–control study, including 171 SCC cases and 300 controls without skin cancer, was conducted at Moffitt Cancer Center in Tampa, Florida. Multiplex assays were used to measure serum antibodies against MCV small and large T-Ag and MCV DNA in both eyebrow hairs and SCC tumors (n = 144). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression to evaluate the associations between MCV and SCC. No significant association was observed between seroreactivity to MCV full-length large or small T-Ag and SCC, overall [ORlarge T-Ag = 0.99 (0.48-2.08), ORsmall T-Ag = 0.31 (0.06–1.62)] or when comparing tumor MCV DNA-positive cases to controls [ORlarge T-Ag = 1.06 (0.38–2.93)]. Only presence of MCV DNA in eyebrow hairs was significantly associated with MCV DNA-positive SCC [OR = 4.05 (2.01–8.18)]. Conclusion MCV infection is unlikely to play a direct role in SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka S Hampras
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Angelika Michel
- Infection and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Schmitt
- Infection and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany ; Present address: GATC Biotech AG, Constance, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infection and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena Kranz
- Infection and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany ; Present address: Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), Langenbeckstrasse 1, Building 708, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 France
| | - Kate Fisher
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Vernon K Sondak
- Cutaneous Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Jane Messina
- Cutaneous Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL USA ; Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA ; Dermatology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Neil Fenske
- Dermatology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA ; Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Basil Cherpelis
- Dermatology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA ; Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer-World Health Organization, Lyon, 69372 France
| | - Michael Pawlita
- Infection and Cancer Program, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dana E Rollison
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
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Hampras SS, Giuliano AR, Lin HY, Fisher KJ, Abrahamsen ME, McKay-Chopin S, Gheit T, Tommasino M, Rollison DE. Natural history of polyomaviruses in men: the HPV infection in men (HIM) study. J Infect Dis 2015; 211:1437-46. [PMID: 25387582 PMCID: PMC4462655 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several new polyomaviruses have been discovered in the last decade, including Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Little is known about the natural history of the more recently discovered polyomaviruses. We estimated the incidence, prevalence, and persistence of 9 polyomaviruses (MCPyV, BK polyomavirus, KI polyomavirus, JC polyomavirus, WU polyomavirus, Human polyomavirus 6 [HPyV6], HPyV7, HPyV9, and Trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus) and examined factors associated with MCPyV infection in a prospective cohort of 209 men initially enrolled in the HPV Infection in Men (HIM) study. METHODS Participants enrolled at the US site of the HIM study were recruited into a substudy of cutaneous viral infections and followed for a median of 12.6 months. Eyebrow hair and normal skin swab specimens were obtained at each study visit, and the viral DNA load was measured using multiplex polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS MCPyV infection showed the highest prevalence (65.1% of normal skin swab specimens and 30.6% of eyebrow hair specimens), incidence (81.7 cases per 1000 person-months among normal skin swab specimens, and 24.1 cases per 1000 person-months among eyebrow hair specimens), and persistence (85.8% of normal skin swab specimens and 58.9% of eyebrow hair specimens) among all polyomaviruses examined. Age of >44 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-4.33) and Hispanic race (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.01-6.88) were associated with an increased prevalence of MCPyV infection in eyebrow hair and normal skin swab specimens, respectively. CONCLUSION MCPyV infection is highly prevalent in adults, with age and race being predisposing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kate J. Fisher
- Department of Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer–World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer–World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer–World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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Andrei G, Topalis D, De Schutter T, Snoeck R. Insights into the mechanism of action of cidofovir and other acyclic nucleoside phosphonates against polyoma- and papillomaviruses and non-viral induced neoplasia. Antiviral Res 2014; 114:21-46. [PMID: 25446403 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) are well-known for their antiviral properties, three of them being approved for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection (tenofovir), chronic hepatitis B (tenofovir and adefovir) or human cytomegalovirus retinitis (cidofovir). In addition, cidofovir is mostly used off-label for the treatment of infections caused by several DNA viruses other than cytomegalovirus, including papilloma- and polyomaviruses, which do not encode their own DNA polymerases. There is considerable interest in understanding why cidofovir is effective against these small DNA tumor viruses. Considering that papilloma- and polyomaviruses cause diseases associated either with productive infection (characterized by high production of infectious virus) or transformation (where only a limited number of viral proteins are expressed without synthesis of viral particles), it can be envisaged that cidofovir may act as antiviral and/or antiproliferative agent. The aim of this review is to discuss the advances in recent years in understanding the mode of action of ANPs as antiproliferative agents, given the fact that current data suggest that their use can be extended to the treatment of non-viral related malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Andrei
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Belgium.
| | - D Topalis
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - T De Schutter
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Snoeck
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Belgium
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Zhang C, Liu F, He Z, Deng Q, Pan Y, Liu Y, Zhang C, Ning T, Guo C, Liang Y, Xu R, Zhang L, Cai H, Ke Y. Seroprevalence of Merkel cell polyomavirus in the general rural population of Anyang, China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106430. [PMID: 25184447 PMCID: PMC4153645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the probably causal link between Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) infection and Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but aggressive skin malignancy, little is known about the seroepidemiology of MCPyV among healthy adults in China. Methods Serum antibodies against MCPyV were evaluated by multiplex serology in a population-based study of 5548 adults (including 1587 heterosexual couples) aged 25–65 years who were enrolled from rural Anyang, China in 2007–2009. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the risk factors for the seropositivity of MCPyV. Results The seroprevalence for MCPyV was 61.0%. MCPyV seropositivity was significantly higher in males than in females (64.5% vs. 57.7%, P<0.001), and for both genders, showed a trend of increase with age (Male: Ptrend<0.001; Female: Ptrend<0.001). Furthermore, among antibody positives, antibody levels of MCPyV increased with advancing age (Ptrend = 0.017). MCPyV seropositivity of one spouse was significantly associated with that of the other partner (Adjusted OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.07–1.62). However, there was no association between sexual behaviors and the seropositivity of MCPyV. Conclusions High seroprevalence of MCPyV was observed in healthy Chinese individuals. Serological evidence suggests that nonsexual horizontal spread of MCPyV can occur among family members, and further research in this regard is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghu He
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuju Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Ning
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanhai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiping Xu
- Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (HC); (YK)
| | - Yang Ke
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Laboratory of Genetics, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail: (HC); (YK)
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Stakaitytė G, Wood JJ, Knight LM, Abdul-Sada H, Adzahar NS, Nwogu N, Macdonald A, Whitehouse A. Merkel cell polyomavirus: molecular insights into the most recently discovered human tumour virus. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:1267-97. [PMID: 24978434 PMCID: PMC4190541 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6031267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A fifth of worldwide cancer cases have an infectious origin, with viral infection being the foremost. One such cancer is Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare but aggressive skin malignancy. In 2008, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) was discovered as the causative agent of MCC. It is found clonally integrated into the majority of MCC tumours, which require MCPyV oncoproteins to survive. Since its discovery, research has begun to reveal the molecular virology of MCPyV, as well as how it induces tumourigenesis. It is thought to be a common skin commensal, found at low levels in healthy individuals. Upon loss of immunosurveillance, MCPyV reactivates, and a heavy viral load is associated with MCC pathogenesis. Although MCPyV is in many ways similar to classical oncogenic polyomaviruses, such as SV40, subtle differences are beginning to emerge. These unique features highlight the singular position MCPyV has as the only human oncogenic polyomavirus, and open up new avenues for therapies against MCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielė Stakaitytė
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Jennifer J Wood
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Laura M Knight
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Hussein Abdul-Sada
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Noor Suhana Adzahar
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Nnenna Nwogu
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Andrew Macdonald
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Adrian Whitehouse
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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Madeleine MM, Carter JJ, Johnson LG, Wipf GC, Davis C, Berg D, Nelson K, Daling JR, Schwartz SM, Galloway DA. Risk of squamous cell skin cancer after organ transplant associated with antibodies to cutaneous papillomaviruses, polyomaviruses, and TMC6/8 (EVER1/2) variants. Cancer Med 2014; 3:1440-7. [PMID: 24913986 PMCID: PMC4302694 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell skin cancer (SCSC) disproportionately affects organ transplant recipients, and may be related to increased viral replication in the setting of immune suppression. We conducted a nested case–control study among transplant recipients to determine whether SCSC is associated with antibodies to cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPV), to genes associated with a rare genetic susceptibility to HPV (TMC6/TMC8), or to human polyomaviruses (HPyV). Cases (n = 149) had histologically confirmed SCSC, and controls (n = 290) were individually matched to cases on time since transplant, type of transplant, gender, and race. All subjects had serum drawn immediately prior to transplant surgery. Antibodies to 25 cutaneous HPVs and six HPyVs were assayed by detection of binding to virus-like particles, and 11 TMC6/8 variants were genotyped. After correction for multiple comparisons, only antibodies to HPV37 were associated with SCSC (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2–3.4). Common genetic variants of TMC6/8 were not associated with SCSC, but three variants in TMC8 (rs12452890, rs412611, and rs7208422) were associated with greater seropositivity for species 2 betapapillomaviruses among controls. This study suggests that some betaHPVs, but not polyomaviruses, may play a role in the excess risk of SCSC among transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M Madeleine
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Wheat R, Roberts C, Waterboer T, Steele J, Marsden J, Steven NM, Blackbourn DJ. Inflammatory cell distribution in primary merkel cell carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:1047-64. [PMID: 24961933 PMCID: PMC4074816 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6021047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive poorly differentiated neuroendocrine cutaneous carcinoma associated with older age, immunodeficiency and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) integrated within malignant cells. The presence of intra-tumoural CD8+ lymphocytes reportedly predicts better MCC-specific survival. In this study, the distribution of inflammatory cells and properties of CD8+ T lymphocytes within 20 primary MCC specimens were characterised using immunohistochemistry and multicolour immunofluorescent staining coupled to confocal microscopy. CD8+ cells and CD68+ macrophages were identified in 19/20 primary MCC. CD20+ B cells were present in 5/10, CD4+ cells in 10/10 and FoxP3+ cells in 7/10 specimens. Only two specimens had almost no inflammatory cells. Within specimens, inflammatory cells followed the same patchy distribution, focused at the edge of sheets and nodules and, in some cases, more intense in trabecular areas. CD8+ cells were outside vessels on the edge of tumour. Those few within malignant sheets typically lined up in fine septa not contacting MCC cells expressing MCPyV large T antigen. The homeostatic chemokine CXCL12 was expressed outside malignant nodules whereas its receptor CXCR4 was identified within tumour but not on CD8+ cells. CD8+ cells lacked CXCR3 and granzyme B expression irrespective of location within stroma versus malignant nodules or of the intensity of the intra-tumoural infiltrate. In summary, diverse inflammatory cells were organised around the margin of malignant deposits suggesting response to aberrant signaling, but were unable to penetrate the tumour microenvironment itself to enable an immune response against malignant cells or their polyomavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Wheat
- School of Cancer Sciences and CR UK Centre for Cancer Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Claudia Roberts
- School of Cancer Sciences and CR UK Centre for Cancer Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infection and Cancer Program, DKFZ (German Cancer Research Centre), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jane Steele
- Human Biomaterials Resource Centre, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Jerry Marsden
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, New Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK.
| | - Neil M Steven
- School of Cancer Sciences and CR UK Centre for Cancer Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - David J Blackbourn
- Department of Microbial and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK.
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Lowell DL, Roberts J, Gogate P, Goodwin R. Merkel cell carcinoma: case study and literature review. J Foot Ankle Surg 2014; 53:219-25. [PMID: 24411707 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive, highly metastatic, often fatal, primary neuroendocrine tumor typically located on sun-exposed skin. It is frequently found in white males aged 60 to 70 years. The somewhat typical benign clinical appearance of the lesion can result in a delayed diagnosis, leading to a less than optimal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danae L Lowell
- Staff Surgical Podiatrist, Department of Podiatry Surgery, and Assistant Residency Director, Cleveland Louis Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH.
| | - Jerry Roberts
- Submitted during 3rd Year of PMSR/RRA, Cleveland Louis Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Prema Gogate
- Staff Pathologist, Cleveland Louis Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Rose Goodwin
- Submitted during 4th Year at Kent State University College of Podiatric Medicine, Kent, OH
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Chun SM, Yun SJ, Lee SC, Won YH, Lee JB. Merkel cell polyomavirus is frequently detected in korean patients with merkel cell carcinoma. Ann Dermatol 2013; 25:203-7. [PMID: 23717012 PMCID: PMC3662914 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2013.25.2.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an increasingly common neuroendocrine cancer of the skin. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is one of the causative agents of MCC. The prevalence of MCPyV in primary MCC and sun-exposed non-MCC tumors has been known to have different results depending on where it was investigated. Objective This study assesses the prevalence of MCPyV from primary MCC and sun-exposed non-MCC tumors in Korea. Methods A molecular pathology study was performed on 7 tissue specimens of MCC, 1 tissue specimen of metastatic small cell carcinoma of the lung, and 32 tissue specimens of non-MCC tumors occurring from sun-exposed areas [8 basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), 8 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 8 actinic keratoses (AKs), and 8 seborrheic keratoses (SKs)]. All specimens were analyzed to determine the presence of MCPyV-DNA using both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time quantitative PCR. Immunohistochemistry with monoclonal antibody of MCPyV large T antigen (CM2B4) was also conducted. Results Using both PCR, MCPyV sequences were detected in six of seven MCC tissue specimens (85.7%). Five (71%) of seven MCC tumors were immunoreactive for CM2B4. All five immunoreactive cases were positive for MCPyV. However, there was no association of MCPyV with BCC, SCC, AK, and SK. Conclusion Our results implicate that MCPyV may contribute to the pathogenesis of primary MCC, not of non-MCC skin tumors in Korea, and the persons with MCPyV infection are unusual in Korea compared to other areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Min Chun
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Moens U, Van Ghelue M, Song X, Ehlers B. Serological cross-reactivity between human polyomaviruses. Rev Med Virol 2013; 23:250-64. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Moens
- University of Tromsø, Faculty of Health Sciences; Department of Medical Biology; Tromsø Norway
| | - Marijke Van Ghelue
- University Hospital of Northern-Norway; Department of Medical Genetics; Tromsø Norway
| | - Xiaobo Song
- University of Tromsø, Faculty of Health Sciences; Department of Medical Biology; Tromsø Norway
| | - Bernhard Ehlers
- Robert Koch Institute; Department of Infectious Diseases; Berlin Germany
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Anic GM, Sondak VK, Messina JL, Fenske NA, Zager JS, Cherpelis BS, Lee JH, Fulp WJ, Epling-Burnette PK, Park JY, Rollison DE. Telomere length and risk of melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol 2013; 37:434-9. [PMID: 23523330 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 02/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomeres help maintain chromosomal structure and may influence tumorigenesis. We examined the association between telomere length and skin cancer in a clinic-based case-control study of 198 melanoma cases, 136 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases, 185 basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cases, and 372 healthy controls. METHODS Cases were histologically confirmed patients treated at the Moffitt Cancer Center and University of South Florida Dermatology Clinic in Tampa, FL. Controls self-reported no history of cancer and underwent a skin cancer screening exam at study enrollment to rule out the presence of skin cancer. Quantitative real time PCR was used to measure telomere length in peripheral blood samples. RESULTS Melanoma patients had longer telomeres than controls (odds ratio (OR)=3.75; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.02-6.94 for highest versus lowest tertile) (P for trend=<0.0001). In contrast, longer telomere length was significantly inversely associated with SCC (OR=0.01; 95% CI: 0.00-0.05 for highest versus lowest tertile) (P for trend=<0.0001) and BCC (OR=0.10; 95% CI: 0.06-0.19 for highest versus lowest tertile) (P for trend=<0.0001). CONCLUSION Telomere length may be involved in the development of skin cancer, although the effect on cancer risk differs for melanoma and non-melanoma carcinomas. Our findings suggest that long telomere length is positively associated with melanoma while inversely associated with SCC and BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella M Anic
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Abstract
During the past 6 years, focused virus hunting has led to the discovery of nine new human polyomaviruses, including Merkel cell polyomavirus, which has been linked to Merkel cell carcinoma, a lethal skin cell cancer. The discovery of so many new and highly divergent human polyomaviruses raises key questions regarding their evolution, tropism, latency, reactivation, immune evasion and contribution to disease. This Review describes the similarities and differences among the new human polyomaviruses and discusses how these viruses might interact with their human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A DeCaprio
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
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45
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Spurgeon ME, Lambert PF. Merkel cell polyomavirus: a newly discovered human virus with oncogenic potential. Virology 2013; 435:118-30. [PMID: 23217622 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A marked escalation in the rate of discovery of new types of human polyomavirus has occurred over the last five years largely owing to recent technological advances in their detection. Among the newly discovered viruses, Merkel Cell Polyomavirus (MCPyV or MCV) has gained the most attention due to its link with a rare human cancer. Infection with MCPyV is common in the human population, and the virus is detected in several anatomical locations, but most frequently in skin. Study of MCPyV molecular virology has been complicated by the lack of straightforward cell culture models, but recent in vitro studies are making strides towards understanding the virus life cycle, its cellular tropism, and mode of transmission. While MCPyV shares several traditional traits with other human polyomaviruses, the burst of research since its discovery reveals insight into a virus with many unique genetic and mechanistic features. The evidence for a causal link between MCPyV and the rare neuroendocrine cancer, Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC), is compelling. A majority of MCCs contain clonally integrated viral DNA, express viral T antigen transcripts and protein, and exhibit an addiction to the viral large T and small t antigen oncoproteins. The MCPyV large T antigen contains MCC tumor-specific mutations that ablate its replication capacity but preserve its oncogenic functions, and the small t antigen promotes an environment favorable for cap-dependent translation. The mechanisms of MCPyV-induced transformation have not been fully elucidated, but the likely etiological role of this new polyomavirus in human cancer provides a strong opportunity to expand knowledge of virus-host interactions and viral oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Spurgeon
- Department of Oncology, McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus with a tumour-specific signature in non-small cell lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 108:629-37. [PMID: 23322199 PMCID: PMC3593539 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We searched for a viral aetiology for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), focusing on Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Methods: We analysed 112 Japanese cases of NSCLC for the presence of the MCPyV genome and the expressions of RNA transcripts and MCPyV-encoded antigen. We also conducted the first analysis of the molecular features of MCPyV in lung cancers. Results: PCR revealed that 9 out of 32 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 9 out of 45 adenocarcinomas (ACs), 1 out of 32 large-cell carcinomas, and 1 out of 3 pleomorphic carcinomas were positive for MCPyV DNA. Some MCPyV DNA-positive cancers expressed large T antigen (LT) RNA transcripts. Immunohistochemistry showed that MCPyV LT antigen was expressed in the tumour cells. The viral integration sites were identified in one SCC and one AC. One had both episomal and integrated/truncated forms. The other carried an integrated MCPyV genome with frameshift mutations in the LT gene. Conclusion: We have demonstrated the expression of a viral oncoprotein, the presence of integrated MCPyV, and a truncated LT gene with a preserved retinoblastoma tumour-suppressor protein-binding domain in NSCLCs. Although the viral prevalence was low, the tumour-specific molecular signatures support the possibility that MCPyV is partly associated with the pathogenesis of NSCLC in a subset of patients.
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47
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Merkel-cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is rarely associated to B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1 out of 50) samples and occurs late in the natural history of the disease. J Clin Virol 2012; 55:367-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2012.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Sidhu HK, Patel RV, Goldenberg G. Dermatology clinics: what's new in dermatopathology: news in nonmelanocytic neoplasia. Dermatol Clin 2012; 30:623-41, vi. [PMID: 23021050 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2012.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the recent dermatopathology literature involving nonmelanocytic neoplasia, with a focus on important work done over the last 5 years. The discussion includes advances in the understanding of Merkel cell carcinoma pathogenesis and prognosis; changes in the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee of Cancer staging manual in reference to staging of squamous cell carcinoma and Merkel cell carcinoma; newly described or rare histopathologic patterns and entities including squamoid eccrine ductal carcinoma, rippled-pattern adnexal neoplasms, onychomatricoma, spindle cell predominant trichodiscoma/neurofollicular hamartoma, and myoepithelioma; and microsatellite instability in sebaceous neoplasms of Muir-Torre syndrome and other tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen K Sidhu
- Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Schmitt M, Wieland U, Kreuter A, Pawlita M. C-terminal deletions of Merkel cell polyomavirus large T-antigen, a highly specific surrogate marker for virally induced malignancy. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2863-8. [PMID: 22674148 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In 67-100% of cutaneous Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC) the Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) integrates into the host genome. Mutations and deletions truncating the C-terminal helicase domain of the T-antigen (TAg) protein have been detected in these MCCs, but not in healthy skin specimens. C-terminal deletions of the TAg nucleic acid sequences are characteristic for about 38% of these cases. While the association of MCPyV with MCC has been proven, it is unknown whether MCPyV may play a similar role in other tumor entities. We describe in detail the development and validation of a novel Merkel cell polyomavirus TAg C-terminus deletion assay (MCPyV ΔC-TAg). The triplex real-time PCR quantifies the N- and C-terminal part of the MCPyV TAg gene and the cellular β-globin gene. By comparing the copy numbers of the N- and C-terminal part, deletions of the MCPyV TAg C-terminus are rapidly identified. MCPyV ΔC-TAg was used to assess the physical state of MCPyV TAg in a large series of 55 MCCs, 15 cutaneous lymphomas and 47 forehead smears of healthy individuals. Neither DNA positivity nor viral load was able to discriminate MCCs from the other different types of samples. However, deleted TAg C-terminus sequences were detected only in MCPyV positive MCCs (39%). Consequently, detection of deleted C-terminal TAg sequences appears to be a highly specific surrogate marker for virally induced malignancy and should be used to support novel assumed MCPyV-tumor associations. The study further supports the notion that MCPyV does not play a role in cutaneous lymphoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schmitt
- Research Program Infection and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Iannacone MR, Gheit T, Waterboer T, Giuliano AR, Messina JL, Fenske NA, Cherpelis BS, Sondak VK, Roetzheim RG, Michael KM, Tommasino M, Pawlita M, Rollison DE. Case-control study of cutaneous human papillomaviruses in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:1303-13. [PMID: 22707711 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) infection may be a risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin. METHODS To investigate the association between cutaneous HPV and SCC, a case-control study was conducted, including 173 SCC cases from a university dermatology clinic and 300 controls that screened negative for skin cancer. Serum antibodies against cutaneous HPV types in genera alpha, beta, gamma, mu, and nu were measured. Tumor tissue from 159 SCC cases was tested for the presence of DNA for genus-beta HPV types. Using logistic regression ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for the associations between SCC and cutaneous HPV infection, adjusting for age and sex. The Bonferroni method was used to account for multiple comparisons. RESULTS SCC was positively associated with seropositivity to any genus-beta HPV type (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.23-3.02), particularly with types in species-1 (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.22-2.85). Type-specific associations with SCC were observed for HPV 8 (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.14-2.84), 17 (OR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.02-2.49) and HPV 10 from genus-alpha (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.04-4.85). None of the type-specific associations remained statistically significant after correction for multiple comparisons. When DNA-positive SCC cases were compared with controls, strong serologic associations were observed for HPVs 5 (OR, 3.48; 95% CI, 1.27-9.59), 17 (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.29-8.72), and 24 (OR, 3.79; 95% CI, 1.24-11.5). CONCLUSION Genus-beta HPV infections were associated with SCC in our study population. IMPACT Identifying the role of cutaneous HPV infection in SCC may lead to improved characterization of high-risk individuals and the development of novel prevention strategies.
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