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Davis EW, Attwood K, Prunier J, Paragh G, Joseph JM, Klein A, Roche C, Barone N, Etter JL, Ray AD, Trabert B, Schabath MB, Peres LC, Cannioto R. The association of body composition phenotypes before chemotherapy with epithelial ovarian cancer mortality. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:1513-1524. [PMID: 38802116 PMCID: PMC11378317 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djae112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of body composition with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) mortality is poorly understood. To date, evidence suggests that high adiposity is associated with decreased mortality (an obesity paradox), but the impact of muscle on this association has not been investigated. Herein, we define associations of muscle and adiposity joint-exposure body composition phenotypes with EOC mortality. METHODS Body composition from 500 women in the Body Composition and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Survival Study was dichotomized as normal or low skeletal muscle index (SMI), a proxy for sarcopenia, and high or low adiposity. Four phenotypes were classified as fit (normal SMI and low adiposity; reference; 16.2%), overweight or obese (normal SMI and high adiposity; 51.2%), sarcopenia and overweight or obese (low SMI and high adiposity; 15.6%), and sarcopenia or cachexia (low SMI and low adiposity; 17%). We used multivariable Cox models to estimate associations of each phenotype with mortality for EOC overall and high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). RESULTS Overweight or obesity was associated with up to 51% and 104% increased mortality in EOC and HGSOC [Hazard Ratio (HR)] = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.19 and HR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.29 to 3.21). Sarcopenia and overweight or obesity was associated with up to 66% and 67% increased mortality in EOC and HGSOC (HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.13 to 2.45 and HR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.68). Sarcopenia or cachexia was associated with up to 73% and 109% increased mortality in EOC and HGSOC (HR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.14 to 2.63 and HR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.25 to 3.50). CONCLUSIONS Overweight or obesity, sarcopenia and overweight or obesity, and sarcopenia or cachexia phenotypes were each associated with increased mortality in EOC and HGSOC. Exercise and dietary interventions could be leveraged as ancillary treatment strategies for improving outcomes in the most fatal gynecological malignancy with no previously established modifiable prognostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan W Davis
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kristopher Attwood
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Prunier
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Elmira, NY, USA
| | - Gyorgy Paragh
- Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Janine M Joseph
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - André Klein
- Department of Research Information Technology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Charles Roche
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Nancy Barone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Lewis Etter
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Andrew D Ray
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Britton Trabert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah, Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lauren C Peres
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Rikki Cannioto
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Ledda RE, Sabia F, Valsecchi C, Suatoni P, Milanese G, Rolli L, Marchianò AV, Pastorino U. The added value of an AI-based body composition analysis in a lung cancer screening population: preliminary results. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024:S0939-4753(24)00275-8. [PMID: 39278738 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Body composition has been linked with clinical and prognostic outcomes in patients with cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Body composition analysis in lung cancer screening (LCS) is very limited. This study aimed at assessing the association of subcutaneous fat volume (SFV) and subcutaneous fat density (SFD), measured on chest ultra-low dose computed tomography (ultra-LDCT) images by a fully automated artificial intelligence (AI)-based software, with clinical and anthropometric characteristics in a LCS population. METHODS AND RESULTS Demographic, clinical, and dietary data were obtained from the written questionnaire completed by each participant at the first visit, when anthropometric measurements, blood sample collection and chest ultra-LDCT were performed. Images were analyzed for automated 3D segmentation of subcutaneous fat and muscle. The analysis included 938 volunteers (372 females); men with a smoking history of ≥40 pack-years had higher SFV (p = 0.0009), while former smokers had lower SFD (p = 0.0019). In female participants, SFV and SFD differed significantly according to age. SFV increased with rising BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and CRP levels ≥2 mg/L (p < 0.0001), whereas SFD decreased with rising BMI, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, and CRP levels ≥2 mg/L (p < 0.001) in both sexes. SFV was associated with glycemia and triglycerides levels (p = 0.0067 and p=<0.0001 in males, p = 0.0074 and p < 0.0001 in females, respectively), while SFD with triglycerides levels (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION We observed different associations of SFV and SFD with age and smoking history between men and women, whereas the association with anthropometric data, CRP, glycemia and triglycerides levels was similar in the two sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Eufrasia Ledda
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Federica Sabia
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Camilla Valsecchi
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Paola Suatoni
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Milanese
- Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Luigi Rolli
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alfonso Vittorio Marchianò
- Division of Radiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Ugo Pastorino
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Cuatrecasas G, De Cabo F, Coves MJ, Patrascioiu I, Aguilar G, Cuatrecasas G, March S, Calbo M, Rossell O, Balfegó M, Benito C, Di Gregorio S, Garcia Lorda P, Muñoz E. Dapagliflozin added to metformin reduces perirenal fat layer in type 2 diabetic patients with obesity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10832. [PMID: 38734755 PMCID: PMC11088615 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose co-transporters type 2 inhibitors (SLGT2i) are highly effective in controlling type 2 diabetes, but reported beneficial cardiovascular effects suggest broader actions on insulin resistance. Weight loss may be initially explained by glycosuria-induced net caloric output and secondary volumetric reduction, but its maintenance could be due to loss of visceral fat mass. Structured ultrasound (US) imaging of abdominal adipose tissue ("eco-obesity") is a recently described methodology used to measure 5 consecutive layers of abdominal fat, not assessable by DEXA or CT scan: superficial subcutaneous (SS), deep subcutaneous (DS), preperitoneal (PP), omental (Om) and right perirenal (RK). PP, Om and RK are predictors of metabolic syndrome (MS) with defined cut-off points. To assess the effect of SLGT2i on every fat depot we enrolled 29 patients with type 2 Diabetes (HbA1c 6.5-9%) and Obesity (IMC > 30 kg/m2) in an open-label, randomized, phase IV trial (EudraCT: 2019-000979-16): the Omendapa trial. Diabetes was diagnosed < 12 months before randomization and all patients were treatment naïve. 14 patients were treated with metformin alone (cohort A) and 15 were treated with metformin + dapaglifozin (cohort B). Anthropometric measures and laboratory tests for glucose, lipid profile, insulin, HOMA, leptin, ultrasensitive-CRP and microalbuminuria (MAL) were done at baseline, 3rd and 6th months. At 6th month, weight loss was -5.5 ± 5.2 kg (5.7% from initial weight) in cohort A and -8.4 ± 4.4 kg (8.6%) in cohort B. Abdominal circumference showed a -2.7 ± 3.1 cm and -5.4 ± 2.5 cm reduction, respectively (p = 0.011). Both Metformin alone (-19.4 ± 20.1 mm; -21.7%) or combined with Dapaglifozin (-20.5 ± 19.4 mm; -21.8%) induced significant Om fat reduction. 13.3% of cohort A patients and 21.4% of cohort's B reached Om thickness below the cut-off for MS criteria. RK fat loss was significantly greater in cohort B group compared to cohort A, at both kidneys. Only in the Met + Dapa group, we observed correlations between Om fat with leptin/CRP/MAL and RK fat with HOMA-IR. US is a useful clinical tool to assess ectopic fat depots. Both Metformin and Dapaglifozin induce fat loss in layers involved with MS but combined treatment is particularly effective in perirenal fat layer reduction. Perirenal fat should be considered as a potential target for cardiovascular dapaglifozin beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Cuatrecasas
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain.
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain.
- Facultat Ciencies Salut, Open University Catalonia (UOC), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francisco De Cabo
- Ultrasound Department, Institut Guirado for Radiology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M José Coves
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ioana Patrascioiu
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerardo Aguilar
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sonia March
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Calbo
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Rossell
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Balfegó
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camila Benito
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvana Di Gregorio
- CP Endocrinologia SLP, 08037, Barcelona, Spain
- Center for Obesity Management EASO, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Garcia Lorda
- Facultat Ciencies Salut, Open University Catalonia (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Cognitive NeuroLab, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Muñoz
- Facultat Ciencies Salut, Open University Catalonia (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Cognitive NeuroLab, Barcelona, Spain
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Cuatrecasas G, Calbo M, Rossell O, Dachs L, Aguilar-Soler G, Coves MJ, Patrascioiu I, Benito CE, March S, Balfegó M, Cuatrecasas G, Di Gregorio S, Marina I, Garcia-Lorda P, Munoz-Marron E, De Cabo F. Effect of Liraglutide in Different Abdominal Fat Layers Measured by Ultrasound: The Importance of Perirenal Fat Reduction. Obes Facts 2024; 17:347-354. [PMID: 38643760 PMCID: PMC11299965 DOI: 10.1159/000538996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ultrasonography (US) in patients with obesity allows us to measure different layers of abdominal fat (superficial subcutaneous, deep subcutaneous, preperitoneal, omental, and perirenal), not assessable by DEXA or CT scan. Omental and perirenal fat depots are considered predictors of metabolic complications. Liraglutide is particularly effective in reducing weight in patients with insulin-resistance, but its direct impact on each abdominal fat layer is unknown. METHODS We measured, at the L4 level, all 5 abdominal fat depots in 860 patients with obesity (72.8% women, mean age 56.6 ± 1.5 years, BMI 34.4 ± 4.7 kg/m2, body fat 47 ± 2%, abdominal circumference 105.8 ± 3 cm), before and after 6 months of liraglutide treatment. Laboratory tests for glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were routinely done. T-student was used to compare intraindividual differences. RESULTS Weight loss was 7.5 ± 2.8 kg (7.96% from baseline), with no differences by sex/age/BMI. Greater loss was observed in patients with higher dosages and NAFLD. All US-measured fat layers showed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) at 6th months. Preperitoneal fat showed a -26 ± 5.5% reduction and 46% of the patients went below metabolic syndrome (MS) risk cut-off values. Omental fat was reduced by -17.8 ± 5% (67% of the patients below MS risk) and perirenal fat by -22.4 ± 4.4% (56% of the patients below MS). Both omental and perirenal fat reduction correlated with total and LDL cholesterol. Higher perirenal fat reduction (-28%) was seen among patients with obesity and hypertension. Perirenal fat also correlated with blood pressure reduction. CONCLUSION Liraglutide induces greater fat loss in the layers involved with MS. However, the maximal reduction is seen at perirenal fat, which has been recently related with hypertension and could play an important role in modulating kidney's expansion and intraglomerular pressure. US is a reproducible clinical tool to assess pathologic fat depots in patients living with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Cuatrecasas
- Facultat Ciencies Salut, Open University Catalonia (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Calbo
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Rossell
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Dachs
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerardo Aguilar-Soler
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria-José Coves
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ioana Patrascioiu
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Camila Eugenia Benito
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonia March
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Balfegó
- Facultat Ciencies Salut, Open University Catalonia (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gabriel Cuatrecasas
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
- EAP Sarrià, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvana Di Gregorio
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- CP endocrinologia SLP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inaki Marina
- Obesity Unit, Clinica Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Viladecans, Viladecans, Spain
| | | | - Elena Munoz-Marron
- Facultat Ciencies Salut, Open University Catalonia (UOC), Barcelona, Spain
- Cognitive NeuroLab, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco De Cabo
- Ultrasound Department, Institut Guirado for Radiology, Barcelona, Spain
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Kadriu B, Deng ZD, Kraus C, Johnston JN, Fijtman A, Henter ID, Kasper S, Zarate CA. The impact of body mass index on the clinical features of bipolar disorder: A STEP-BD study. Bipolar Disord 2024; 26:160-175. [PMID: 37536999 PMCID: PMC10839568 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of body mass index (BMI) on the core symptoms of bipolar disorder (BD) and its implications for disease trajectory are largely unexplored. OBJECTIVE To examine whether BMI impacted hospitalization rate, medical and psychiatric comorbidities, and core symptom domains such as depression and suicidality in BD. METHODS Participants (15 years and older) were 2790 BD outpatients enrolled in the longitudinal STEP-BD study; all met DSM-IV criteria for BD-I, BD-II, cyclothymia, BD NOS, or schizoaffective disorder, bipolar subtype. BMI, demographic information, psychiatric and medical comorbidities, and other clinical variables such as bipolarity index, history of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and history of suicide attempts were collected at baseline. Longitudinal changes in Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score, Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score, and hospitalizations during the study were also assessed. Depending on the variable of interest, odds-ratios, regression analyses, factor analyses, and graph analyses were applied. RESULTS A robust increase in psychiatric and medical comorbidities was observed, particularly for baseline BMIs >35. A significant relationship was noted between higher BMI and history of suicide attempts, and individuals with BMIs >40 had the highest prevalence of suicide attempts. Obese and overweight individuals had a higher bipolarity index (a questionnaire measuring disease severity) and were more likely to have received ECT. Higher BMIs correlated with worsening trajectory of core depression symptoms and with worsening lassitude and inability to feel. CONCLUSIONS In BD participants, elevated BMI was associated with worsening clinical features, including higher rates of suicidality, comorbidities, and core depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashkim Kadriu
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Zhi-De Deng
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Christoph Kraus
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical
University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jenessa N. Johnston
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria,
Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Adam Fijtman
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Ioline D. Henter
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
| | - Siegfried Kasper
- Center for Brain Research Department of Molecular
Neuroscience, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carlos A. Zarate
- Section on the Neurobiology and Treatment of Mood
Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A
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Xiao W, Wang Q, Liu Y, Zhang H, Zou H. Association of visceral adipose tissue with gout: Observational and Mendelian randomization analyses. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 137:00029330-990000000-00824. [PMID: 37882086 PMCID: PMC11441863 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causal relationship between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and gout is still unclear. We aimed to examine the potential association between them using observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS In the observational analyses, a total of 11,967 participants (aged 39.5 ± 11.5 years) were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between VAT mass and the risk of gout. In two-sample MR analyses, 211 VAT mass-related independent genetic variants (derived from genome-wide association studies in 325,153 UK biobank participants) were used as instrumental variables. The random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary analysis. Additional sensitivity analyses were also performed to validate our results. RESULTS Observational analyses found that an increase in VAT mass (per standard deviation) was associated with a higher risk of gout after controlling for confounding factors (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27, 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.11-1.45). The two-sample MR analyses demonstrated a causal relationship between increased VAT mass and the risk of gout in primary analyses (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.57-2.03). Sensitivity analyses also showed similar findings, including MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, weighted mode, and leave-one-out analyses. CONCLUSIONS Observational analyses showed a robust association of VAT mass with the risk of gout. Meanwhile, MR analyses also provided evidence of a causal relationship between them. In summary, our findings suggested that targeted interventions for VAT mass may be beneficial to prevent gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenze Xiao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China
| | - Yining Liu
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hejian Zou
- Department of Rheumatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
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Sullivan VK, Wallace AS, Rooney MR, Zhang S, Fang M, Christenson RH, Selvin E. Inverse Associations between Measures of Adiposity and Glycated Albumin in US Adults, NHANES 1999-2004. J Appl Lab Med 2023; 8:751-762. [PMID: 36998214 PMCID: PMC10330585 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycated albumin (GA) is a short-term measure of glycemic control. Several studies have demonstrated an inverse association between body mass index (BMI) and GA, which may affect its performance as a biomarker of hyperglycemia. We investigated cross-sectional associations between GA and multiple measures of adiposity, and compared its performance as a glycemic biomarker by obesity status, in a nationally representative sample of US adults. METHODS We measured GA in adults from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Separately in adults with and without diabetes, we assessed associations of GA with adiposity measures (BMI, waist circumference, trunk fat, total body fat, and fat mass index) in sex-stratified multivariable regression models. We compared sensitivity and specificity of GA to identify elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), by obesity status. RESULTS In covariate-adjusted regression models, all adiposity measures were inversely associated with GA in adults without diabetes (β=-0.48 to -0.22%-point GA per 1 SD adiposity measure; n = 9750) and with diabetes (β=-1.73 to -0.92%-point GA per SD). Comparing adults with vs without obesity, GA exhibited lower sensitivity (43% vs 54%) with equivalent specificity (99%) to detect undiagnosed diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%). Among adults with diagnosed diabetes (n = 1085), GA performed well to identify above-target glycemia (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%), with high specificity (>80%) overall but lower sensitivity in those with vs without obesity (81% vs 93%). CONCLUSIONS Inverse associations between GA and adiposity were present in people with and without diabetes. GA is highly specific but may not be sufficiently sensitive for diabetes screening in adults with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie K. Sullivan
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amelia S. Wallace
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary R. Rooney
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sui Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Fang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert H. Christenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Kamińska MS, Lubkowska A, Panczyk M, Walaszek I, Grochans S, Grochans E, Cybulska AM. Relationships of Body Mass Index, Relative Fat Mass Index, and Waist Circumference with Serum Concentrations of Parameters of Chronic Inflammation. Nutrients 2023; 15:2789. [PMID: 37375693 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Obesity in the perimenopausal period is associated with hormonal changes, lifestyle, and environment. In obesity, elevated levels of IL-6 and TNF-α and reduced levels of adiponectin are observed, and the associated chronic inflammation favors the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Therefore, the aim of our study was to assess the relationship between selected measures of obesity (BMI, WC, RFM, VAI, WHtR) and parameters of chronic inflammation (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6) in perimenopausal women. (2) Methods: The study involved 172 perimenopausal women. The methods used in this study were diagnostic surveys, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure measurements, and venous blood sampling. (3) Results: Preliminary multivariate linear regression analysis showed that CRP moderately positively correlated with IL-6 (β = 0.25; p = 0.001) and weakly negatively correlated with adiponectin (β = -0.23; p = 0.002). Similar associations were noted in preliminary multivariate linear regression analysis adjusted for age, menopausal status, and smoking status. Preliminary multivariate linear regression analysis also showed that BMI positively correlated with IL-6 (β = 0.16; p = 0.033). VAI weakly positively correlated with CRP (β = 0.25; p = 0.001) and negatively correlated with adiponectin (β = -0.43; p = 0.000). (4) BMI, WC, RFM, VAI, and WHtR are clearly related to selected parameters of chronic inflammation. Our study suggests that each of the anthropometric variables provides distinct information on metabolic processes associated with inflammatory parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sylwia Kamińska
- Subdepartment of Long-Term Care and Palliative Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 54 Żołnierska St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 14/16 Litewska St., 00-518 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Walaszek
- Department of Pediatric and Oncological Surgery, Urology and Hand Surgery, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 1 Unii Lubelskiej St., 72-252 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Szymon Grochans
- Department of Specialised Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 Żołnierska St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
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9
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Sim JH, Kim KW, Ko Y, Kwon HM, Moon YJ, Jun IG, Kim SH, Kim S, Song JG, Hwang GS. Association of sex-specific donor skeletal muscle index with surgical outcomes in living donor liver transplantation recipients. Liver Int 2023; 43:684-694. [PMID: 36377561 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A recent study reported a correlation between the muscle mass of male donors and graft failure in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) recipients. We investigated the association of sex-specific donor skeletal muscle index (SMI) with mortality and graft failure in LDLT recipients. METHODS We retrospectively analysed 2750 sets of donors and recipients between January 2008 and January 2018. The recipient outcomes were analysed by dividing the data according to donor sex. Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between donor SMI by sex and 1-year mortality and graft failure in recipients. RESULTS In the male donor group, robust donor (increased SMI) was significantly associated with higher risks for mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.00-1.06, p = .023) and graft failure (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06, p = .007) at 1 year. In the female donor group, the robust donor was significantly associated with lower risks for mortality (HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.97, p = .003) and graft failure (HR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.90-1.00, p = .032) at 1 year. CONCLUSIONS Donor SMI was associated with surgical outcomes in recipients. Robust male and female donors were a significant negative and protective factor for grafts respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Sim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Won Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - YouSun Ko
- Department of Radiology, Asan Image Metrics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye-Mee Kwon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Moon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Gu Jun
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonok Kim
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gol Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Sam Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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10
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Lin WT, Kao YH, Li MS, Luo T, Lin HY, Lee CH, Seal DW, Hu CY, Chen LS, Tseng TS. Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Intake, Abdominal Obesity, and Inflammation among US Adults without and with Prediabetes-An NHANES Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:681. [PMID: 36613000 PMCID: PMC9819548 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Excessive sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption and abdominal obesity have been independently linked to numerous disorders, including diabetes and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). This study aimed to explore the association between SSB intake, abdominal obesity, and inflammation in normal and prediabetic adults. Sugar intake from SSBs was calculated from 24-h dietary recalls and further classified into non-, medium-, and high-intake. The status of non- and prediabetes was identified based on hemoglobin A1c level. All analyses were performed under a survey module with appropriate sampling weights to control for the complex survey design. A total of 5250 eligible adults without diabetes were selected from the 2007-2010 NHANES. A 1.31-fold increased risk of developing prediabetes was observed in people who consumed high sugar from SSBs when compared to non-SSB consumers. Among individuals with prediabetes, adults who consumed a high amount of sugar from SSB had a 1.57-fold higher risk to increase CRP when compared to non-SSB consumers, even after adjusting for abdominal obesity. Furthermore, the association between the high amount of sugar intake from SSBs and elevated CRP was strengthened by abdominal obesity in prediabetes (p for interaction term = 0.030). Our findings highlight that a positive association between sugar intake from SSBs and CRP levels was only observed in US adults with prediabetes. Abdominal obesity may strengthen this effect in prediabetic adults with a high amount of sugar intake from SSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Lin
- Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mirandy S. Li
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ting Luo
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - David W. Seal
- Social, Behavioral, and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chih-yang Hu
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Lei-Shih Chen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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11
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Lutke Schipholt IJ, Scholten-Peeters GGM, Koop MA, Bonnet P, Bontkes HJ, Coppieters MW. Systemic neuroimmune responses in people with non-specific neck pain and cervical radiculopathy, and associations with clinical, psychological, and lifestyle factors. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1003821. [PMID: 36311017 PMCID: PMC9608367 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1003821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimmune responses remain understudied in people with neck pain. This study aimed to (1) compare a broad range of systemic neuroimmune responses in people with non-specific neck pain (N = 112), cervical radiculopathy (N = 25), and healthy participants (N = 23); and (2) explore their associations with clinical, psychological and lifestyle factors. Quantification of systemic neuroimmune responses involved ex vivo serum and in vitro evoked-release levels of inflammatory markers, and characterization of white blood cell phenotypes. Inflammatory indices were calculated to obtain a measure of total immune status and were considered the main outcomes. Differences between groups were tested using analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariable regression models. Compared to healthy participants, the ex vivo pro-inflammatory index was increased in people with non-specific neck pain (β = 0.70, p = 0.004) and people with cervical radiculopathy (β = 0.64, p = 0.04). There was no difference between non-specific neck pain and cervical radiculopathy (β = 0.23, p = 0.36). Compared to non-specific neck pain, people with cervical radiculopathy showed lower numbers of monocytes (β = -59, p = 0.01). There were no differences between groups following in vitro whole blood stimulation (p ≥ 0.23) or other differences in the number and phenotype of white blood cells (p ≥ 0.07). The elevated ex vivo neuroimmune responses in people with non-specific neck pain and radiculopathy support the contention that these conditions encompass inflammatory components that can be measured systemically. There were multiple significant associations with clinical, psychological and lifestyle factors, such as pain intensity (β = 0.25) and anxiety (β = 0.23) in non-specific neck pain, visceral adipose tissue (β = 0.43) and magnification (β = 0.59) in cervical radiculopathy, and smoking (β = 0.59) and visceral adipose tissue (β = 0.52) in healthy participants. These associations were modified by sex, indicating different neuroimmune associations for females and males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo J. Lutke Schipholt
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gwendolyne G. M. Scholten-Peeters
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Meghan A. Koop
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Petra Bonnet
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hetty J. Bontkes
- Laboratory Medical Immunology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michel W. Coppieters
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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12
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Serum Folate Related to Five Measurements of Obesity and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein in Korean Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173461. [PMID: 36079719 PMCID: PMC9459859 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of folic acid on obesity and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII 2016–2018), 6394 adults (aged 19–80 years) who met the study criteria were identified and divided into young, middle-aged, and older adult groups. The analysis assessed associations using logistic regression for complex samples. Obesity was measured using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), a body shape index (ABSI), and body roundness index (BRI). The odds ratio (OR) of obesity based on BMI were statistically significant for young adults and older participants with low levels of folic acid compared to those with high levels (OR: 1.33 and 1.58, respectively). The OR of obesity based on BMI, WC, WHtR, ABSI, and BRI was significant with low levels of folic acid in middle-aged individuals (OR: 1.36, 1.32, 1.41, 1.29, and 1.47, respectively). Low folate levels were related to higher high-sensitivity CRP levels in middle-aged patients. In conclusion, folate level showed a significant inverse association with obesity and inflammatory biomarkers, especially in the middle-aged group. Further longitudinal or randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm and expand our results.
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13
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Bao X, Xu B, Yin S, Pan J, Nilsson PM, Nilsson J, Melander O, Orho-Melander M, Engström G. Proteomic Profiles of Body Mass Index and Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Their Role in Incidence of Diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e2982-e2990. [PMID: 35294966 PMCID: PMC9202718 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT It is unclear to what extent the plasma proteome of abdominal fat distribution differs from that of body mass index, and whether the differences have clinical implications. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the difference between the plasma proteomic profiles of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and then examine the identified BMI- or WHR-specific proteins in relation to incidence of diabetes. METHODS Data were obtained from the Malmö Diet and Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort study in the general community. Participants (n = 4203) with no previous diabetes (aged 57.2 ± 6.0 years, 37.8% men) were included. Plasma proteins (n = 136) were measured by the Proseek proximity extension method. BMI- and WHR-specific proteins were identified at baseline using a 2-step iterative resampling approach to optimize internal replicability followed by β coefficient comparisons. The identified proteins were considered internally replicated and were then studied in relation to incident diabetes by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The main outcome measure was incident diabetes over a mean follow-up of 20.3 ± 5.9 years. RESULTS After excluding 21 overlapping proteins and proteins that did not show significantly different associations with BMI vs WHR, 10 internally replicated proteins were found to be specific to BMI, and 22 were found to be specific to WHR (false discovery rate-adjusted P < .05). Of the WHR-specific proteins, 18 remained associated with diabetes risk after multivariate adjustments, whereas none of the BMI-specific proteins showed associations with diabetes risk. CONCLUSION Abdominal fat distribution was associated with some unique characteristics of the plasma proteome that potentially could be related to its additional risk of diabetes beyond general obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Biao Xu
- Correspondence: Biao Xu, Department of Cardiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Songjiang Yin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingxue Pan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Peter M Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Olle Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | - Gunnar Engström
- Gunnar Engström, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, CRC 60:13, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
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14
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Delaney KZ, Santosa S. Sex differences in regional adipose tissue depots pose different threats for the development of Type 2 diabetes in males and females. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13393. [PMID: 34985183 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects males and females disproportionately. In midlife, more males have T2DM than females. The sex difference in T2DM prevalence is, in part, explained by differences in regional adipose tissue characteristics. With obesity, changes to regional adipokine and cytokine release increases the risk of T2DM in both males and females with males having greater levels of TNFα and females having greater levels of leptin, CRP, and adiponectin. Regional immune cell infiltration appears to be pathogenic in both sexes via different routes as males with obesity have greater VAT ATM and a decrease in the protective Treg cells, whereas females have greater SAT ATM and T cells. Lastly, the ability of female adipose tissue to expand all regions through hyperplasia, rather than hypertrophy, protects them against the development of large insulin-resistant adipocytes that dominate male adipose tissue. The objective of this review is to discuss how sex may affect regional differences in adipose tissue characteristics and how these differences may distinguish the development of T2DM in males and females. In doing so, we will show that the origins of T2DM development differ between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri Z Delaney
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Metabolism, Obesity and Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche - Axe maladies chroniques, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvia Santosa
- Department of Health, Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Metabolism, Obesity and Nutrition Lab, PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche - Axe maladies chroniques, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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15
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Thoracic Visceral Adipose Tissue Area and Pulmonary Hypertension in Lung Transplant Candidates. The Lung Transplant Body Composition Study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021; 17:1393-1400. [PMID: 32530703 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202003-247oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, regional adipose tissue deposition is heterogeneous with distinct cardiovascular phenotypes.Objectives: To determine the association of body mass index (BMI) and thoracic visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas (VAT and SAT, respectively) with PH in patients with advanced lung disease referred for lung transplantation.Methods: We studied patients undergoing evaluation for lung transplantation at three centers from the Lung Transplant Body Composition Study. PH was defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure >20 mm Hg and pulmonary vascular resistance ≥3 Wood units. VAT and SAT were measured on chest computed tomography and normalized to height squared.Results: One hundred thirty-seven (34%) of 399 patients included in our study had PH. Doubling of thoracic VAT was associated with significantly lower pulmonary vascular resistance (β, -0.24; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], -0.46 to -0.02; P = 0.04), higher pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (β, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.26; P = 0.001), and decreased risk of PH (relative risk, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.99; P = 0.04) after multivariate adjustment. Vaspin levels were higher in patients without PH (median, 101.8 vs. 92.0 pg/ml; P < 0.001) but did not mediate the association between VAT and the risk of PH. SAT and BMI were not independently associated with risk of PH.Conclusions: Lower thoracic VAT was associated with a higher risk of PH in patients with advanced lung disease undergoing evaluation for lung transplantation. The role of adipokines in the pulmonary vascular disease remains to be evaluated.
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16
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Schreuder MM, Schuurman A, Akkerhuis KM, Constantinescu AA, Caliskan K, van Ramshorst J, Germans T, Umans VA, Boersma E, Roeters van Lennep JE, Kardys I. Sex-specific temporal evolution of circulating biomarkers in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Int J Cardiol 2021; 334:126-134. [PMID: 33940096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to assess differences in clinical characteristics, prognosis, and the temporal evolution of circulating biomarkers in male and female patients with HFrEF. METHODS We included 250 patients (66 women) with chronic heart failure (CHF) between 2011 and 2013 and performed trimonthly blood sampling during a median follow-up of 2.2 years [median (IQR) of 8 (5-10) urine and 9 (5-10) plasma samples per patient]. After completion of follow-up we measured 8 biomarkers. The primary endpoint (PE) was the composite of cardiac death, cardiac transplantation, left ventricular assist device implantation, and hospitalization due to acute or worsened CHF. Joint models were used to determine whether there were differences in the temporal patterns of the biomarkers between men and women as the PE approached. RESULTS A total of 66 patients reached the PE of which 52 (78.8%) were male and 14 (21.2%) were female. The temporal patterns of all studied biomarkers were associated with the PE, and overall showed disadvantageous changes as the PE approached. For NT-proBNP, HsTnT, and CRP, women showed higher levels over the entire follow-up duration and concomitant numerically higher hazard ratios [NT-proBNP: women: HR(95%CI) 7.57 (3.17-21.93), men: HR(95%CI) 3.14 (2.09-4.79), p for interaction = 0.104, HsTnT: women: HR(95%CI) 6.38 (2.18-22.46), men: HR(95%CI) 4.91 (2.58-9.39), p for interaction = 0.704, CRP: women: HR(95%CI) 7.48 (3.43-19.53), men: HR(95%CI) 3.29 [2.27-5.44], p for interaction = 0.106). In contrast, temporal patterns of glomerular and tubular renal markers showed similar associations with the PE in men and women. CONCLUSION Although interaction terms are not statistically significant, the associations of temporal patterns of NT-proBNP, HsTnT, and CRP appear more outspoken in women than in men with HFrEF, whereas associations seem similar for temporal patterns of creatinine, eGFR, Cystatin C, KIM-1 and NAG. Larger studies are needed to confirm these potential sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Schreuder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Schuurman
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - K M Akkerhuis
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A A Constantinescu
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - K Caliskan
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J van Ramshorst
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - T Germans
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - V A Umans
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - E Boersma
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - I Kardys
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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17
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Wirtz TH, Loosen SH, Schulze-Hagen M, Weiskirchen R, Buendgens L, Abu Jhaisha S, Brozat JF, Puengel T, Vucur M, Paffenholz P, Kuhl C, Tacke F, Trautwein C, Luedde T, Roderburg C, Koch A. CT-based determination of excessive visceral adipose tissue is associated with an impaired survival in critically ill patients. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250321. [PMID: 33861804 PMCID: PMC8051769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Obesity is a negative prognostic factor for various clinical conditions. In this observational cohort study, we evaluated a CT-based assessment of the adipose tissue distribution as a potential non-invasive prognostic parameter in critical illness. Methods Routine CT-scans upon admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) were used to analyze the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas at the 3rd lumbar vertebra in 155 patients. Results were correlated with various prognostic markers and both short-term- and overall survival. Multiple statistical tools were used for data analysis. Results We observed a significantly larger visceral adipose tissue area in septic patients compared to non-sepsis patients. Interestingly, patients requiring mechanical ventilation had a significantly higher amount of visceral adipose tissue correlating with the duration of mechanical ventilation. Moreover, both visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area significantly correlated with several laboratory markers. While neither the visceral nor the subcutaneous adipose tissue area was predictive for short-term ICU survival, patients with a visceral adipose tissue area above the optimal cut-off (241.4 cm2) had a significantly impaired overall survival compared to patients with a lower visceral adipose tissue area. Conclusions Our study supports a prognostic role of the individual adipose tissue distribution in critically ill patients. However, additional investigations need to confirm our suggestion that routine CT-based assessment of adipose tissue distribution can be used to yield further information on the patients’ clinical course. Moreover, future studies should address functional and metabolic analysis of different adipose tissue compartments in critical illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa H. Wirtz
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Sven H. Loosen
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schulze-Hagen
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lukas Buendgens
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Samira Abu Jhaisha
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jonathan F. Brozat
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Puengel
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Pia Paffenholz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Kuhl
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Koch
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Cuatrecasas G, de Cabo F, Coves MJ, Patrascioiu I, Aguilar G, March S, Balfegó M, Bretxa C, Calbo M, Cuatrecasas G, Aranda G, Orois A, Bové I, Munoz‐Marron E, García‐Lorda P. Ultrasound measures of abdominal fat layers correlate with metabolic syndrome features in patients with obesity. Obes Sci Pract 2020; 6:660-667. [PMID: 33354344 PMCID: PMC7746969 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal fat ultrasound (US) is a simple clinical tool that may allow measures of fat depots not visible using common dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) or computerized tomography (CT) imaging. The aim of this study was to validate the technique, give measures of superficial and profound subcutaneous, preperitoneal, omental and perirenal (retroperitoneal) fat and correlate them with MS markers. METHODS Sequential US measures of these five abdominal fat layers were done at 397 adults. Blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), waist, body fat %, HOMA-IR index (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance), lipid profile and leptin were recorded. Metabolic syndrome (MS) was defined according to Cholesterol education programme adult treatment panel III (ATPIII) criteria. RESULTS Subcutaneous and omental fat were increased among people with obesity, whereas preperitoneal and perirenal fat did not show any difference according to BMI or waist. Women showed thicker subcutaneous fat (both superficial and profound), whereas men had bigger omental fat. Both postmenopausal and diabetic patients had changes in omental fat only, whereas patients with fatty liver showed thicker preperitoneal and perirenal fat, as well. MS patients showed both thicker perirenal and omental fat. A cut-off of 54 mm in male (M)/34 mm in female (F) of omental fat and 22.5 mm (M)/12.5 mm (F) of perirenal fat could be predictive of later MS onset. CONCLUSIONS US is a valid method to measure all different abdominal fat depots. Omental and perirenal fat measures may classify patients at risk for MS. Preperitoneal fat depot may also correlate with fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillem Cuatrecasas
- Endocrinology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
- Faculty Health SciencesUniversitat Oberta CatalunyaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | | | | | - Gerardo Aguilar
- Endocrinology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Sonia March
- Endocrinology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Mariona Balfegó
- Endocrinology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
- Faculty Health SciencesUniversitat Oberta CatalunyaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Clara Bretxa
- Endocrinology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
- Faculty Health SciencesUniversitat Oberta CatalunyaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Marta Calbo
- Endocrinology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Gloria Aranda
- Endocrinology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Aida Orois
- Endocrinology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Isabel Bové
- Radiology DepartmentClinica Sagrada FamiliaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Elena Munoz‐Marron
- Faculty Health SciencesUniversitat Oberta CatalunyaBarcelonaSpain
- Cognitive NeuroLabBarcelonaSpain
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Darbandi M, Pasdar Y, Moradi S, Mohamed HJJ, Hamzeh B, Salimi Y. Discriminatory Capacity of Anthropometric Indices for Cardiovascular Disease in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Prev Chronic Dis 2020; 17:E131. [PMID: 33092686 PMCID: PMC7587303 DOI: 10.5888/pcd17.200112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cardiometabolic disease (CMD). Many studies have developed cutoff points of anthropometric indices for predicting these diseases. The aim of this systematic review was to differentiate the screening potential of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) for adult CVD risk. METHODS We used relevant key words to search electronic databases to identify studies published up to 2019 that used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for assessing the cut-off points of anthropometric indices. We used a random-effects model to pool study results and assessed between-study heterogeneity by using the I2 statistic and Cochran's Q test. RESULTS This meta-analysis included 38 cross-sectional and 2 cohort studies with 105 to 137,256 participants aged 18 or older. The pooled area under the ROC curve (AUC) value for BMI was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.63-0.69) in both men and women. The pooled AUC values for WC were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.67-0.70) in men and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.64-0.74) in women, and the pooled AUC values for WHR were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.66-0.73) in men and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.68-0.73) in women. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated a slight difference between AUC values of these anthropometric indices. However, indices of abdominal obesity, especially WHR, can better predict CVD occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Darbandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shima Moradi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed
- Nutrition and Dietetics Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Behrooz Hamzeh
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Salimi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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20
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Valenzuela PL, Carrera-Bastos P, Gálvez BG, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Ordovas JM, Ruilope LM, Lucia A. Lifestyle interventions for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Nat Rev Cardiol 2020; 18:251-275. [PMID: 33037326 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-020-00437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension affects approximately one third of the world's adult population and is a major cause of premature death despite considerable advances in pharmacological treatments. Growing evidence supports the use of lifestyle interventions for the prevention and adjuvant treatment of hypertension. In this Review, we provide a summary of the epidemiological research supporting the preventive and antihypertensive effects of major lifestyle interventions (regular physical exercise, body weight management and healthy dietary patterns), as well as other less traditional recommendations such as stress management and the promotion of adequate sleep patterns coupled with circadian entrainment. We also discuss the physiological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of these lifestyle interventions on hypertension, which include not only the prevention of traditional risk factors (such as obesity and insulin resistance) and improvements in vascular health through an improved redox and inflammatory status, but also reduced sympathetic overactivation and non-traditional mechanisms such as increased secretion of myokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Carrera-Bastos
- Centre for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skane, Skane University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Research Institute of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Ordovas
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,IMDEA Alimentacion, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Research Institute of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. .,Research Institute of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Di Rosa C, Lattanzi G, Taylor SF, Manfrini S, Khazrai YM. Very low calorie ketogenic diets in overweight and obesity treatment: Effects on anthropometric parameters, body composition, satiety, lipid profile and microbiota. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 14:491-503. [PMID: 32919928 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) the prevalence of obesity tripled worldwide since 1975. Obesity prevention and treatment is based upon lifestyle changes involving eating habits, physical activity and behaviour therapy. Various dietary patterns have been used as nutritional strategies and, in recent years, interest has been shown in very low calorie ketogenic diets (VLCKD) that provide less than 800 calories (kcal), no more than 20-50 g/day of carbohydrates and 0.8-1.5 g/kg ideal body weight of protein. We conducted a literature review of all clinical trials published between January 2014-November 2019 on people with obesity (PWO) that evaluated VLCKD effects on anthropometric parameters, body composition, satiety, lipid profile and microbiota. Findings from literature showed that VLCKD could be useful to ameliorate the quality of life and sleep of PWO. It leads to a rapid weight loss and results in improvements in body mass index (BMI = kg/m2), waist circumference and fat mass reduction preserving lean body mass and resting metabolic rate. This eating pattern reduced the desire to eat and increased satiety. Little is known regarding the effects of VLCKD on the microbiota of PWO for which it is important to conduct further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Di Rosa
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Greta Lattanzi
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Salima F Taylor
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy - Tufts University of Boston, 150 Harrison Ave, 02111 MA, USA
| | - Silvia Manfrini
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Yeganeh Manon Khazrai
- Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy.
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Liu Z, Sun F, Liu Z, Wang X, Jin M, Mao J, Wu Q, Yan S, Xu K, Wang K, Hu S. Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Glycometabolism via Forkhead Box O1 (FoxO1)/Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) Pathway. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e927458. [PMID: 32845875 PMCID: PMC7780888 DOI: 10.12659/msm.927458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism by which sleeve gastrectomy (SG) improves glycometabolism has remained unclear so far. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that bone is a regulator of glucose metabolism, and osteoblast-derived forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) and lipocalin-2 (LCN2) are regulators of energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the FOXO1/LCN2 signaling pathway is involved in the anti-diabetic effect of SG. MATERIAL AND METHODS Insulin resistance was induced in Wistar rats, which were then intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce a type 2 diabetic state. Levels of fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, HbA1c, and LCN2 were analyzed at corresponding time points after SG and sham surgeries. The expressions of FOXO1, LCN2, and the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) in bone and hypothalamus were detected by immunofluorescence. FOXO1 siRNA was applied to downregulate FOXO1 expression in osteoblasts of rats. The influence of FOXO1 gene on expression of LCN2 was investigated in cultured osteoblasts by western blot and PCR. RESULTS Glucose metabolism in the SG group was significantly improved. The LCN2 expression in bone in the SG group was higher than that in the sham group, whereas FOXO1 expression in the SG group was lower than that in the sham group. The binding rate of LCN2 and MC4R in the hypothalamus was also higher in the SG group compared with that in the sham group. The downregulation of FOXO1 expression in osteoblasts was accompanied by upregulation of LCN2 expression. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the FOXO1/LCN2 signaling pathway participates in the anti-diabetic effect of SG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Fuyun Sun
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zitian Liu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Mingxin Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Jiajia Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qunzheng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Shaohua Yan
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Kai Xu
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Kexin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Sanyuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Noordam R, Boersma V, Verkouter I, le Cessie S, Christen T, Lamb HJ, Rosendaal FR, Willems van Dijk K, van Heemst D, de Mutsert R. The role of C-reactive protein, adiponectin and leptin in the association between abdominal adiposity and insulin resistance in middle-aged individuals. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:1306-1314. [PMID: 32507340 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In the present study, we assessed the extent of mediation by low-grade systemic inflammation and adipokines in the association between abdominal adiposity and insulin resistance. METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional analysis of baseline measurements of the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study, total body fat (TBF) was measured in all (n = 5772) participants who did not have missing data and neither used glucose-lowering medication, and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (aSAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were assessed by MRI in a random subgroup (n = 2448). C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, and leptin were considered as potential mediators, and insulin resistance was assessed by Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Mediation by CRP, adiponectin, and leptin was studied by including the mediators to the fully adjusted linear regression model. Participants had a mean (SD) age of 56 (6) years, TBF of 36 (9) %, VAT of 119 (61) cm2 and aSAT of 300 (111) cm2. Per SD of TBF, VAT and aSAT, HOMA-IR was 64% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 59-70), 33% (95%CI: 28-42) and 20% (95%CI: 14-26) higher, respectively. The association between aSAT and HOMA-IR fully disappeared after adjustment for leptin; the association between VAT and HOMA-IR attenuated after adjustment for leptin (22%) and adiponectin (15%). No mediation was observed by CRP, and mediation estimates were similar in men and women. CONCLUSION Where leptin fully explained the aSAT-HOMA-IR association, the VAT-HOMA-IR association was only partly explained by leptin and adiponectin similarly in men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Noordam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vesna Boersma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Verkouter
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia le Cessie
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Datasciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Christen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hildo J Lamb
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Renée de Mutsert
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Weight Reduction for Obesity-Induced Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Curr Hypertens Rep 2020; 22:47. [DOI: 10.1007/s11906-020-01074-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Bragança MLBM, Oliveira BRD, Fonseca JM, Batalha MA, Bogea EG, Coelho CCNDS, Kac G, Silva AAMD. Assessment of blood biomarkers in adolescents classified by body mass index and body fat percentage. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2020; 36:e00084719. [PMID: 32578803 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00084719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to compare biomarkers in groups of adolescents classified simultaneously according to body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage measured by air displacement plethysmography. This was a cross-sectional study with 533 adolescents 18 to 19 years of age in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. BMI was classified as adequate (< 25kg/m2) versus excess weight (≥ 25kg/m2). High body fat percentage was defined as ≥ 25% for males and ≥ 30% for females. The adolescents were classified in four groups: "normal weight" (adequate BMI and body fat percentage), "normal weight obese" (adequate BMI with high body fat percentage), "excess weight with adequate body fat percentage", and "excess weight with high body fat percentage". Girls showed higher proportions of "normal weight obesity" (15.6%) and "excess weight with high body fat percentage" (17.1%). "Normal weight obese" adolescents exhibited higher mean values for total cholesterol (172.5mg/dL) and LDL-cholesterol (103.5mg/dL). Those with "excess weight and high body fat percentage" showed lower mean HDL-cholesterol (43.2mg/dL) compared to the other groups, higher mean interleukin-6 (2.7pg/mL) than "normal weight" and "excess weight and adequate body fat percentage" adolescents, and higher median triglycerides (114.0mg/dL) and C-reactive protein (0.14ng/mL) than "normal weight" and "normal weight obese" adolescents. Those with "excess weight and adequate body fat percentage" exhibited the same C-reactive protein levels as those with "excess weight and high body fat percentage". Assessment of nutritional status by BMI alone is limited, since 6.8% of the adolescents presented high body fat percentage despite normal BMI, and those who were "normal weight obese" had two biomarkers that were worse than for adolescents with "excess weight and high body fat percentage".
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gilberto Kac
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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26
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Liu C, Su K, Tian M, Ji H, Sun L, Li C, Zhou X. Effects of three abnormal conditions of fallopian tube on outcomes of the in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer technique. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 46:1412-1418. [PMID: 32500588 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether salpingitis affects the outcomes of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). METHODS The retrospective study includes patients from 2013 to 2018 who received their first IVF-ET treatment during this period. On the basis of their tubal conditions, the patients were subgrouped as: hydrosalpinx (group A), salpingitis (group B), tubal occlusion (group C). It had a total of 726 cycles, of which 208 cycles were in group A, 201 cycles in group B and 317 cycles in group C. The outcomes of the IVF-ET treatment were compared amongst the three groups. RESULTS Group C had the highest number of retrieved oocytes as compared to the groups A and B, and the rate of the high-quality embryos at day 3 (66-68 h after insemination) was higher in the groups C and A compared to the group B. The blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher in group C compared to that of the group B. Group C had higher rates of implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth compared to both groups A and B, while the birth weight of newborns did not differ amongst the three groups. CONCLUSION Salpingitis has adverse effects on the success rate of the IVF-ET treatment, exemplified by lower implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates compared to tubal occlusion, it may be necessary to carry out appropriate management of salpingitis before IVF-ET treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ketong Su
- Reproductive Medical Center, Zhanjiang Jiuhe Hospital, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Meng Tian
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huili Ji
- Reproductive Medical Center, Zhanjiang Jiuhe Hospital, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Ibáñez Vodnizza S, van der Horst-Bruinsma I. Sex differences in disease activity and efficacy of treatment in spondyloarthritis: is body composition the cause? Curr Opin Rheumatol 2020; 32:337-342. [PMID: 32453036 DOI: 10.1097/bor.0000000000000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The body composition and fat distribution is different between men and women, with different levels of circulating adipokines. These differences become more evident when suffering from an inflammatory disease, such as spondyloarthritris. In this review, we will explore the influence of obesity, body composition and adipokines on the differences in disease activity, progression and response to treatment, between men and women with spondyloarthritis. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity, mainly determined by the body fat content, which is higher in women, is related to worse disease activity scores. Men with higher disease activity lose more muscle mass than women. Leptin, which is usually found at higher levels in overweight women, seems to be associated with greater spinal radiographic progression when it rises during the course of the disease. Being a woman and obesity, mainly because of the body fat content, are related to a worse response to TNF-α blockers. SUMMARY Overlooking biological sex variation in body composition, circulating adipokines and hormonal levels, and the subsequent differences in clinical presentation, may ultimately hamper clinical treatment.
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Ting YW, Wong SW, Anuar Zaini A, Mohamed R, Jalaludin MY. Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated With Advanced Liver Fibrosis Among Pediatric Patients With Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:491. [PMID: 31850288 PMCID: PMC6901954 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among children is a growing concern with potential significant outcome. This study aims to investigate the relationship between hepatic steatosis, metabolic syndrome, and liver fibrosis among children with obesity and diabetes mellitus. Methodology: Children aged 6-18 years old were recruited from pediatric obesity and diabetes clinic in University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) between year 2016 and 2019. Data on basic demographics, anthropometric measurements and clinical components of metabolic syndrome were collected. Transient elastography was performed with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) respectively. Mild, moderate and severe steatosis were defined as >248, >268, and >280 dB/m respectively, and LSM above 7.0 kPa for fibrosis stage F ≥ 2, 8.7 kPa for F ≥ 3, and 10.3 kPa for F4 (cirrhosis). Results: A total of 57 children (60% male) with median age of 13 years old were recruited. Fifty (87.7%) of the children are obese and 27 (54%) out of 50 are morbidly obese. Among 44 (77.2%) patients with steatosis, 40 (70.2%) had severe steatosis and 18 (40.9%) had developed liver fibrosis of stage 2 and above. Advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis was detected in 8 (18.2%) children with presence of steatosis. Twenty-three out of 57 (40.4%) was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Fibrosis is three times more likely to occur in the presence of metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.545, 95% CI: 1.135-11.075, p = 0.026). Waist circumference is a significant predictor of fibrosis after multiple regression analysis. Conclusion: Obese children with metabolic syndrome are more likely to have advanced liver fibrosis compared to those without metabolic syndrome. Waist circumference predicts development of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Ting
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sui-Weng Wong
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azriyanti Anuar Zaini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rosmawati Mohamed
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Sheean P, Gomez-Perez S, Joyce C, Vasilopoulos V, Bartolotta MB, Robinson P, Lo S, Lomasney L. Body Composition, Serum Biomarkers of Inflammation and Quality of Life in Clinically Stable Women with Estrogen Receptor Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:981-991. [PMID: 31037968 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1595053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Limited data exist regarding body composition and associated patient-reported outcomes for women with metastatic BC. Demographic, clinical, blood, and questionnaire data were collected to quantify body composition and explore associations with symptoms, inflammation, and quality of life (QOL) in 41 women with ER + metastatic BC. Diagnostic/surveillance computed tomography (CT) images including the third lumbar region (L3) were obtained to evaluate skeletal muscle (SM) quantity and quality, and abdominal adipose tissue. Frequencies, medians and interquartile ranges are presented, stratified by sarcopenia and obesity (Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30.0 kg/m2). Overall, 34% (n = 14/41), 49% (n = 20/41), and 34% (n = 14) of women had sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and obesity, respectively. Handgrip strength was compromised in 24% of subjects (n = 10/41). Women with sarcopenia had significantly lower body weight (P = 0.01), BMI (P ≤ 0.001), and whole body SM (P < 0.001), yet reported greater engagement in leisure time exercises (P = 0.05) vs. nonsarcopenic women. Women with obesity had significantly higher levels of abdominal obesity (all values P < 0.0001) and serum biomarkers of inflammation (P values <0.06), yet lower QOL (P = 0.02) vs. women without obesity. The abPGSGA did not differentiate women with sarcopenia. Future interventions should test if improvements in body composition are associated with better outcomes for this vulnerable, emerging population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cara Joyce
- a Loyola University Chicago , Maywood , Illinosis , USA
| | | | | | | | - Shelly Lo
- c Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood , Illinosis , USA
| | - Laurie Lomasney
- c Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood , Illinosis , USA
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30
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Jazayeri-Tehrani SA, Rezayat SM, Mansouri S, Qorbani M, Alavian SM, Daneshi-Maskooni M, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ. Nano-curcumin improves glucose indices, lipids, inflammation, and Nesfatin in overweight and obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:8. [PMID: 30705687 PMCID: PMC6348610 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since lifestyle changes are main therapies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), changing dietary components (nutritional or bioactive) may play a parallel important role. Few studies have assessed the effects of curcumin on NAFLD (mainly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects). We aimed to determine the effects of nano-curcumin (NC) on overweight/obese NAFLD patients by assessing glucose, lipids, inflammation, insulin resistance, and liver function indices, especially through nesfatin. Methods This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in the Oil Company Central Hospital, Tehran. 84 overweight/obese patients with NAFLD diagnosed using ultrasonography were recruited according to the eligibility criteria (age 25–50 yrs., body mass index [BMI] 25–35 kg/m2). The patients were randomly divided into two equal NC (n = 42) and placebo (n = 42) groups. Interventions were two 40 mg capsules/day after meals for 3 months. Lifestyle changes were advised. A general questionnaire, a 24-h food recall (at the beginning, middle and end), and the short-form international physical activity questionnaire (at the beginning and end) were completed. Also, blood pressure, fatty liver degree, anthropometrics, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and insulin (FBI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), high sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), liver transaminases, and nesfatin were determined at the beginning and end. Results NC compared with placebo significantly increased HDL, QUICKI, and nesfatin and decreased fatty liver degree, liver transaminases, waist circumference (WC), FBS, FBI, HbA1c, TG, TC, LDL, HOMA-IR, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and IL-6 (P < 0.05). The mean changes in weight, BMI, body composition (BC), and blood pressure were not significant (P > 0.05). After adjustment for confounders, the changes were similar to the unadjusted model. Conclusion NC supplementation in overweight/obese NAFLD patients improved glucose indices, lipids, inflammation, WC, nesfatin, liver transaminases, and fatty liver degree. Accordingly, the proposed mechanism for ameliorating NAFLD with NC was approved by the increased serum nesfatin and likely consequent improvements in inflammation, lipids, and glucose profile. Further trials of nano-curcumin’s effects are suggested. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT2016071915536N3. Registered 2016-08-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Jazayeri-Tehrani
- 1Nutritional Sciences, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Rezayat
- 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,3Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,4Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Science Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Mansouri
- 5National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) Central Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- 6Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- 7Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Daneshi-Maskooni
- 8Nutritional Sciences, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- 9Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No.44, Hojjatdoust Alley, Naderi Ave, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
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Konigorski S, Janke J, Drogan D, Bergmann MM, Hierholzer J, Kaaks R, Boeing H, Pischon T. Prediction of Circulating Adipokine Levels Based on Body Fat Compartments and Adipose Tissue Gene Expression. Obes Facts 2019; 12:590-605. [PMID: 31698359 PMCID: PMC6940469 DOI: 10.1159/000502117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipokines are hormones secreted from adipose tissue (AT), and a number of them have been established as risk factors for chronic diseases. However, it is not clear whether and to what extent adiposity, gene expression, and other factors determine their circulating levels. OBJECTIVES To assess to what extent adiposity, as measured by the amount of subcutaneous AT (SAT) and visceral AT (VAT) using magnetic resonance imaging, and gene expression levels in SAT determine plasma concentrations of the adipokines adiponectin, leptin, soluble leptin receptor, resistin, interleukin 6, and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 156 participants from the EPIC Potsdam cohort study and analyzed multiple regression models and partial correlation coefficients. RESULTS For leptin and FABP4 concentrations, 81 and 45% variance were explained by SAT mass, VAT mass, and gene expression in SAT in multivariable regression models. For the remaining adipokines, AT mass and gene expression explained <16% variance of plasma concentrations. Gene expression in SAT was a less important predictor compared to AT mass. SAT mass was a better predictor than VAT mass for leptin (partial correlation r = 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.75-0.86, vs. r = 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.46-0.67), while differences between AT compartments were small for the other adipokines. CONCLUSIONS While plasma levels of leptin and FABP4 can be explained in a large and medium part by the amount of AT and SAT gene expression, surprisingly, these predictors explained only little variance for all other investigated adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Konigorski
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany,
- Machine Learning Research Group, Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, Potsdam, Germany,
| | - Jürgen Janke
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Drogan
- AOK Research Institute (WIdO), AOK Bundesverband, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuela M Bergmann
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Johannes Hierholzer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Clinic Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tobias Pischon
- Molecular Epidemiology Research Group, Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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32
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Aiken CE, Tarry-Adkins JL, Ashmore TJ, Ozanne SE. Early life environment influences the trajectory of post-partum weight loss in adult female rats. Reprod Biomed Online 2018; 38:779-786. [PMID: 30885667 PMCID: PMC6491499 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION The physiological processes of pregnancy and lactation require profound changes in maternal metabolism and energy balance. The timescale of metabolic reversion after pregnancy, in particular post-partum weight loss, is highly variable between individuals. Currently, mechanisms influencing post-partum metabolic recovery are not well understood. The hypothesis tested here is that, in common with other metabolic and obesity-related outcomes, capacity for post-partum weight loss is influenced by developmental programming. DESIGN Adult female Wistar rats exposed to a maternal low-protein diet in utero then weaned onto a control diet post-natally (recuperated group) were compared with controls. Adult females from both groups underwent pregnancy at 3 months of age. Weight changes and metabolic parameters during pregnancy and lactation were compared between control and recuperated groups, and also with non-pregnant littermates. RESULTS Pregnancy weight gain was not different between the control and recuperated groups, but post-partum recuperated animals remained significantly heavier than both post-partum control animals (P<0.05) and their non-pregnant recuperated littermates (P<0.05) at the end of lactation. Post-partum recuperated animals had more intra-abdominal fat mass (P<0.05) and higher serum triglyceride concentrations (P<0.01) than controls. Post-partum recuperated animals also had increased expression of IL6, NRF2 and ALOX12 (key regulators of inflammation and lipoxygenase activity) in the intra-abdominal adipose tissue compared with control groups. CONCLUSIONS Mothers who themselves have been exposed to adverse early life environments are likely to have slower metabolic recovery from pregnancy than controls. Failure to return to pre-pregnancy weight after delivery predisposes to persisting sequential inter-pregnancy weight gain, which can represent a significant metabolic burden across a life course involving several pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Aiken
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Box 223, The Rosie Hospital and NIHR Cambridge Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0SW, United Kingdom.
| | - J L Tarry-Adkins
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - T J Ashmore
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S E Ozanne
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
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Simeone P, Liani R, Tripaldi R, Di Castelnuovo A, Guagnano MT, Tartaro A, Bonadonna RC, Federico V, Cipollone F, Consoli A, Santilli F. Thromboxane-Dependent Platelet Activation in Obese Subjects with Prediabetes or Early Type 2 Diabetes: Effects of Liraglutide- or Lifestyle Changes-Induced Weight Loss. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10121872. [PMID: 30513818 PMCID: PMC6315606 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thromboxane (TX)-dependent platelet activation and lipid peroxidation, as reflected in vivo by the urinary excretion of 11-dehydro-TXB2 and 8-iso-prostaglandin (PG)F2α, play a key role in atherothrombosis in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) since the earlier stages. Thirty-five metformin-treated obese subjects with prediabetes or newly-diagnosed T2DM were randomized to the glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist (GLP-RA) liraglutide (1.8 mg/day) or lifestyle counseling until achieving a comparable weight loss (−7% of initial body weight), to assess whether changes in subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue distribution (MRI), insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index) and beta-cell performance (multiple sampling OGTT beta-index), with either intervention, might affect TX-dependent platelet activation, lipid peroxidation and inflammation. At baseline, Ln-8-iso-PGF2α (Beta = 0.31, p = 0.0088), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (Beta = 2.64, p = 0.0011) Ln-TNF-α (Beta = 0.58, p = 0.0075) and SAT (Beta = 0.14, p = 0.044) were significant independent predictors of 11-dehydro-TXB2. After achievement of the weight loss target, a comparable reduction in U-11-dehydro-TXB2 (between-group p = 0.679) and 8-iso-PGF-2α (p = 0.985) was observed in both arms in parallel with a comparable improvement in glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, SAT, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). In obese patients with initial impairment of glucose metabolism, the extent of platelet activation is related to systemic inflammation, isoprostane formation and degree of glycemic control and abdominal SAT. Successful weight loss, achieved with either lifestyle changes or an incretin-based therapy, is associated with a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation and platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Rossella Liani
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Romina Tripaldi
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Augusto Di Castelnuovo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Via dell'Elettronica, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy.
| | - Maria Teresa Guagnano
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Armando Tartaro
- Department of Neuroscience & Imaging, University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Riccardo C Bonadonna
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | | | - Francesco Cipollone
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Agostino Consoli
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging and Center of Aging Science and Translational Medicine (CESI-Met), University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Mazidi M, Vatanparast H, Katsiki N, Banach M. The impact of nuts consumption on glucose/insulin homeostasis and inflammation markers mediated by adiposity factors among American adults. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31173-31186. [PMID: 30131846 PMCID: PMC6101284 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inconclusive results have been published regarding the impact of nut consumption on glucose/insulin homeostasis and inflammatory factors. Furthermore, it remains unanswered whether adiposity factors could mediate the association between nut consumption, glucose/insulin homeostasis and inflammatory markers; this is what the current study aims to investigate. RESULTS From a total of 16,784 individuals, 48.2% participants were men; overall mean age was 47.2 years. Age-, sex-, energy intake and race-adjusted mean of serum C-reactive protein (CRP)(0.49 to 0.26 mg/dl), apolipoprotein-β (apo- β) (95.6 to 90.8 mg/dl), glucose/insulin homeostasis parameters and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) index (8.32 to 7.95) significantly decreased as the quartile of nut intake increased (all p < 0.001). We found that all evaluated potential mediators had significant and positive associations with markers of glucose/insulin homeostasis or inflammation (all p < 0.001). With regard to BMI, the mediated effects were significant for the associations between nut consumption and CRP, fasting blood glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein (TG:HDL) ratio and TyG index (all p < 0.001). As for WC, it had mediator impact on CRP, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, TG:HDL ratio and TyG index (all p < 0.001). apVAT played no mediation role for any association (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study which quantify the role of nut consumption on inflammatory and glucose/insulin homeostasis markers. Nut intake was inversely associated with inflammatory and glucose/insulin homeostasis markers. Certain adiposity indexes (i.e. BMI and WC) mediated these associations. These findings convey an important message for the crucial role of weight management with dietary recommendations. METHOD We extracted data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005-2010) on nut consumption to evaluate the association between nut intake and markers of glucose/insulin homeostasis and inflammation. We assessed whether this link, if any, is mediated or affected by adiposity factors, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC, marker of central adiposity), anthropometrically predicted visceral adipose tissue (apVAT), visceral adiposity index (VAI, indicator of adipose distribution) and lipid accumulation product (LPA, novel index of central lipid accumulation). Analysis of co-variance and conceptus causal mediation analysis were conducted based on survey design and sample weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mazidi
- Key State Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, International College, University of Chinese Academy of Science (IC-UCAS), Chaoyang, China
| | | | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
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Le Jemtel TH, Samson R, Milligan G, Jaiswal A, Oparil S. Visceral Adipose Tissue Accumulation and Residual Cardiovascular Risk. Curr Hypertens Rep 2018; 20:77. [PMID: 29992362 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-018-0880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Low-grade systemic inflammation increases residual cardiovascular risk. The pathogenesis of low-grade systemic inflammation is not well understood. RECENT FINDINGS Visceral adipose tissue accumulates when the subcutaneous adipose tissue can no longer store excess nutrients. Visceral adipose tissue inflammation initially facilitates storage of nutrients but with time become maladaptive and responsible for low-grade systemic inflammation. Control of low-grade systemic inflammation requires reversal of visceral adipose tissue accumulation with intense and sustained aerobic exercise or bariatric surgery. Alternatively, pharmacologic inhibition of the inflammatory signaling pathway may be considered. Reversal visceral adipose tissue accumulation lowers residual cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry H Le Jemtel
- Division of Cardiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-48, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Rohan Samson
- Division of Cardiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-48, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Gregory Milligan
- Division of Cardiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-48, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Abhishek Jaiswal
- Department of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, 85 Jefferson Street, Suite 208, Hartford, CT, 06106, USA
| | - Suzanne Oparil
- Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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Cottin SC, Turcotte S, Douville P, Meyer F, Bairati I. Predictors of circulating INTERLEUKIN-6 levels in head and neck cancer patients. CANCERS OF THE HEAD & NECK 2018; 3. [PMID: 29951282 PMCID: PMC6017994 DOI: 10.1186/s41199-018-0029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) improves outcome prediction for second primary cancer (SPC) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. This study aimed to identify factors associated with IL-6 serum levels in HNC patients. Methods This study was conducted as part of a phase III chemoprevention trial. IL-6 was measured using chemiluminescent immunometric assay on pretreatment serum sample obtained from 527 stage I-II HNC patients. Patients’ lifestyle habits, sociodemographic, medical and tumor characteristics were evaluated before radiation therapy (RT). Factors independently associated with IL-6 levels before RT were identified using multiple linear regression. Results The median IL-6 serum level was 3.1 ng/L. In the multivariate analysis, eight factors were significantly associated (p < 0.05) with IL-6: age, gender, marital status, body mass index, tobacco consumption, comorbidities, Karnofsky Performance Status and HNC site. Smoking duration and lifetime pack-years were positively associated with IL-6 serum levels in a dose-response relationship (p-value for trend ≤0.03). Conclusions Circulating IL-6 is a strong predictor of the occurrence of SPC in HNC patients. We identified eight factors independently associated with serum IL-6 levels in 527 stage I-II HNC patients. The dose-response relationship between lifetime smoking and IL-6 serum levels suggested a causal role of tobacco exposure on IL-6 production. Further studies are needed to establish whether the effect of tobacco exposure on SPC could be partly mediated by IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvine Carrondo Cottin
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer, Université Laval, 6, rue McMahon, 1899-2, Quebec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Turcotte
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer, Université Laval, 6, rue McMahon, 1899-2, Quebec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Douville
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer, Université Laval, 6, rue McMahon, 1899-2, Quebec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - François Meyer
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer, Université Laval, 6, rue McMahon, 1899-2, Quebec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Bairati
- Centre de recherche sur le cancer, Université Laval, 6, rue McMahon, 1899-2, Quebec City, QC G1R 2J6, Canada.,Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Elevated Levels of Eotaxin-2 in Serum of Fibromyalgia Patients. Pain Res Manag 2018; 2018:7257681. [PMID: 29861805 PMCID: PMC5971249 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7257681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
FMS patients demonstrate an altered profile of chemokines relative to healthy controls (HC). Eotaxin-2 is a potent chemoattractant distributed in a variety of tissues. The aim of the study was to compare serum levels of eotaxin-2 between FMS patients and HC and to examine a potential correlation between eotaxin-2 levels and clinical parameters of FMS. Methods. 50 patients with FMS and 15 HC were recruited. Data on the severity of FMS symptoms and depression were collected. Serum levels of eotaxin-2 (ELISA) were determined in all participants. High-sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) was measured in the FMS group. Results. The FMS cohort included predominantly females (84%), mean age of 49, and mean disease duration of 6 years. FMS patients exhibited significantly higher eotaxin-2 levels (pg/ml) versus HC: 833 (±384) versus 622 (±149), p=0.04. Mean hs-CRP level among FMS patients was 4.8 ± 6 mg/l, a value not indicative of acute inflammation. No correlation was found between eotaxin-2 and hs-CRP levels. No correlation was found between eotaxin-2 and severity measures of FMS or depression. Conclusion. Eotaxin-2 does not appear to be a candidate for a disease activity biomarker in FMS. Further research is warranted into the role of this chemokine in the pathophysiology of the FMS.
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Montano-Loza AJ, Mazurak VC, Ebadi M, Meza-Junco J, Sawyer MB, Baracos VE, Kneteman N. Visceral adiposity increases risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in male patients with cirrhosis and recurrence after liver transplant. Hepatology 2018; 67:914-923. [PMID: 29023899 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a metabolically active organ, associated with higher risk of malignancies. We evaluated whether VAT is associated with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients presenting with cirrhosis as well as HCC recurrence after liver transplantation (LT). Patients with cirrhosis (n = 678; 457 male) who were assessed for LT (289 with HCC) were evaluated for body composition analysis. Patients who underwent LT (n = 247, 168 male) were subsequently evaluated for body composition, and 96 of these patients (78 male) had HCC. VAT, subcutaneous adipose tissues, and total adipose tissues were quantified by computed tomography at the level of the third lumbar vertebra and reported as indexes (cross-sectional area normalized for height [square centimeters per square meter]). At the time of LT assessment, the VAT index (VATI) was higher in male patients with HCC compared to non-HCC patients (75 ± 3 versus 60 ± 3 cm2 /m2 , P = 0.001). The VATI, subcutaneous adipose tissue index, and total adipose tissue index were higher in male patients with HCC compared to non-HCC patients. By multivariate analysis, male patients with VATI ≥65 cm2 /m2 had a higher risk of HCC (hazard ratio, 1.90; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-2.76; P = 0.001). In male patients with HCC who underwent LT, a VATI ≥65 cm2 /m2 adjusted for Milan criteria was independently associated with higher risk of HCC recurrence (hazard ratio, 5.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-23.97; P = 0.03). CONCLUSION High VATI is an independent risk factor for HCC in male patients with cirrhosis and for recurrence of HCC after LT. (Hepatology 2018;67:914-923).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo J Montano-Loza
- Division of Gastroenterology & Liver Unit, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vera C Mazurak
- Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maryam Ebadi
- Division of Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Judith Meza-Junco
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael B Sawyer
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vickie E Baracos
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Norman Kneteman
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Ciavattini A, Montik N, Clemente N, Santoni F, Moriconi L, Serri M, Barbadoro P, Sabbatinelli J, Vignini A. Obesity and ultrasound-estimated visceral fat deposits in women undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) procedures. Gynecol Endocrinol 2017; 33:972-976. [PMID: 28475432 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1323858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of body mass index (BMI) and ultrasound-estimated visceral adipose tissue deposits on oocyte quality and pregnancy rate in women undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) procedures. The study included 58 women who underwent ART procedures. According to their BMI, the women were divided into normal weight and overweight/obese; an ultrasound evaluation of preperitoneal fat thickness (PFT) was also performed for each patient. The oocyte quality was then assessed, and samples of follicular fluid were collected from each woman, in order to evaluate the intrafollicular concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as markers of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) as markers of chronic inflammation. A negative correlation was found between BMI (as well as PFT) and the number of retrieved oocytes (r = -0.3; p <0.05 and r = -0.5; p < 0.001, respectively), good quality oocytes (r = -0.4; p = <0.05) and obtained embryos (r = -0.3; p < 0.05). In women undergoing ART procedures, BMI and PFT negatively influence the number of oocytes retrieved and their quality. However, on multivariable analysis, only age, PFT and number of retrieved oocytes affect the success rate of ART procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Montik
- a Woman's Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section
| | | | | | | | - Matteo Serri
- a Woman's Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section
| | | | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- c Department of Clinical Sciences , Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Arianna Vignini
- c Department of Clinical Sciences , Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Polytechnic University of Marche , Ancona , Italy
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Global associations between regional gray matter volume and diverse complex cognitive functions: evidence from a large sample study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10014. [PMID: 28855703 PMCID: PMC5577279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Correlations between regional gray matter volume (rGMV) and psychometric test scores have been measured to investigate the neural bases for individual differences in complex cognitive abilities (CCAs). However, such studies have yielded different rGMV correlates of the same CCA. Based on the available evidence, we hypothesized that diverse CCAs are all positively but only weakly associated with rGMV in widespread brain areas. To test this hypothesis, we used the data from a large sample of healthy young adults [776 males and 560 females; mean age: 20.8 years, standard deviation (SD) = 0.8] and investigated associations between rGMV and scores on multiple CCA tasks (including non-verbal reasoning, verbal working memory, Stroop interference, and complex processing speed tasks involving spatial cognition and reasoning). Better performance scores on all tasks except non-verbal reasoning were associated with greater rGMV across widespread brain areas. The effect sizes of individual associations were generally low, consistent with our previous studies. The lack of strong correlations between rGMV and specific CCAs, combined with stringent corrections for multiple comparisons, may lead to different and diverse findings in the field.
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Nishimura T, Itoh Y, Yamashita S, Koide K, Harada N, Yano Y, Ikeda N, Azuma K, Atsumi Y. Clinical significance of serum complement factor 3 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017; 127:132-139. [PMID: 28365560 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although serum complement factor 3 (C3) is an acute phase reactant mainly synthesized in the liver, several recent studies have shown high C3 gene expression in adipose tissue (AT). However, the relationship between C3 and AT levels has not been fully clarified in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS A total of 164 T2DM patients (109men and 55 women) participated in this cross-sectional study. A computed tomography scan was performed to measure visceral, subcutaneous, and total AT. The correlation between these factors and C3 levels was examined using Pearson's correlation analysis. A multivariate regression model was used to assess an independent determinant associated with C3 levels after adjusting the explanatory variables (i.e., all ATs [visceral, subcutaneous, and total], and clinical features [sex, age, body mass index, waist circumference, glycated hemoglobin, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, aspartate aminotransferase levels, alanine aminotransferase levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, log(triglyceride levels), estimated glomerular filtration rate, and log(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels)]). RESULTS Serum C3 levels were correlated with visceral, subcutaneous, and total AT among both men (r=0.505, p<0.001; r=0.545, p<0.001; r=0.617, p<0.001, respectively) and women (r=0.396, p=0.003; r=0.517, p<0.001; r=0.548, p<0.001, respectively). In the multivariate regression model, the association between total AT and C3 levels remained significantly positive (β=0.490, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Serum C3 levels are associated with visceral, subcutaneous, and total AT in T2DM patients. Furthermore, C3 levels seem to be a marker for overall adiposity rather than regional adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nishimura
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Eiju General Hospital, Life Extension Research Institute, Japan.
| | - Yoshihisa Itoh
- Medical Laboratory, Eiju General Hospital, Life Extension Research Institute, Japan
| | - Shigeo Yamashita
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Eiju General Hospital, Life Extension Research Institute, Japan
| | - Keiko Koide
- Diabetes Research Center, Eiju General Hospital, Life Extension Research Institute, Japan
| | - Noriaki Harada
- Medical Laboratory, Eiju General Hospital, Life Extension Research Institute, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yano
- Medical Laboratory, Eiju General Hospital, Life Extension Research Institute, Japan
| | - Nobuko Ikeda
- Medical Laboratory, Eiju General Hospital, Life Extension Research Institute, Japan
| | - Koichiro Azuma
- Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Atsumi
- Diabetes Research Center, Eiju General Hospital, Life Extension Research Institute, Japan
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