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González JB, Oliveira EC, Oliveira GT. The impact of Roundup® Original DI on the hemolymph metabolism and gill and hepatopancreas oxidative balance of Parastacus promatensis (Crustacea, Decapoda, Parastacidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 33:630-641. [PMID: 38777922 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-024-02760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In Brazil, glyphosate is present in more than 130 commercial formulations, and its toxic effects have already been tested in different species to understand its impact on biota Decapod crustaceans are widely used as experimental models due to their biology, sensitivity to pollutants, ease of collection, and maintenance under laboratory conditions. We evaluated the changes in metabolism (hemolymph) and oxidative balance markers (gill and hepatopancreas) of a crayfish (Parastacus promatensis) after exposure to Roundup® (active ingredient: glyphosate). The crayfish were captured in the Garapiá stream within the Center for Research and Conservation of Nature Pró-Mata, Brazil. We collected adult animals outside (fall) and during (spring) the breeding season. The animals were transported in buckets with cooled and aerated water from the collection site to the aquatic animal maintenance room at the university. After acclimatization, the animals were exposed to different concentrations of glyphosate (0, 65, 260, 520, and 780 µg/L). The results showed a significant variation in the hemolymph glucose, lactate, and protein levels. We observed variations in the tissue antioxidant enzymatic activity after exposure to glyphosate. Finally, the increase in oxidative damage required a high energy demand from the animals to maintain their fitness, which makes them more vulnerable to stress factors added to the habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Brum González
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Cidade Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guendalina Turcato Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução da Biodiversidade, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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2
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Ramos Junior OJF, Tavares IRG, Lima RC, Conte-Junior CA, Alvares TS. Jaboticaba berry ( Myrciaria jaboticaba) supplementation protects against micro- and macrovascular dysfunction induced by eccentric exercise: a randomized clinical trial. Food Funct 2024; 15:7148-7160. [PMID: 38888158 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01907e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Physical activities that are unaccustomed and involve eccentric muscle contractions have been demonstrated to temporarily impair macrovascular and microvascular functions, which may be caused by exercise-induced oxidative stress. Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) is a famous Brazilian berry that has been described to exhibit high antioxidant activity. However, no human study has investigated the protective effects of jaboticaba consumption against the vascular damage induced by eccentric exercise. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess whether supplementation with jaboticaba berry juice could positively affect macro- and microvascular functions within 48 hours after eccentric exercise. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial enrolled 24 healthy participants consuming 250 mL per day of jaboticaba berry juice (containing ∼1,300 mg of total polyphenols) or placebo for 6 days. At the baseline, pre-exercise, and 24 h and 48 h postexercise stages, blood samples were taken for analysis of reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Also, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), blood flow, and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) responses to 5-minute cuff occlusion were assessed using Doppler ultrasound and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Our findings revealed significant decreases in blood GSH (P < 0.001, ES = 0.76), FMD (P = 0.005, ES = 0.48), reperfusion slope of StO2 (P = 0.018, ES = 0.42) at 24 h and blood flow (P = 0.012, ES = 0.42) at 48 h following eccentric exercise in the control group as compared to the jaboticaba berry juice group. Our results demonstrated that jaboticaba berry juice prevented the exercise-induced increase in reactive oxygen species production and protected macro- and microvascular functions against the damage caused by eccentric exercise, suggesting that jaboticaba berry consumption could protect the vascular function under conditions of imbalance in redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olavo João Frederico Ramos Junior
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
| | - Isabela Ribeiro Grangeira Tavares
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
| | - Rayssa Cruz Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Silveira Alvares
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
- Food and Nutrition Institute, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil
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3
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Ahmed IU, Myerscough MR. HDL and plaque regression in a multiphase model of early atherosclerosis. Math Biosci 2024; 373:109208. [PMID: 38759951 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2024.109208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arteries characterised by the accumulation of lipids and lipid-engorged cells in the artery wall. Early plaque growth is aggravated by the deposition of low density lipoproteins (LDL) in the wall and the subsequent immune response. High density lipoproteins (HDL) counterbalance the effects of LDL by accepting cholesterol from macrophages and removing it from the plaque. In this paper, we develop a free boundary multiphase model to investigate the effects of LDL and HDL on early plaque development. We examine how the rates of LDL and HDL deposition affect cholesterol accumulation in macrophages, and how this impacts cell death rates and emigration. We identify a region of LDL-HDL parameter space where plaque growth stabilises for low LDL and high HDL influxes, due to macrophage emigration and HDL clearance that counterbalances the influx of new cells and cholesterol. We explore how the efferocytic uptake of dead cells and the recruitment of new macrophages affect plaque development for a range of LDL and HDL influxes. Finally, we consider how changes in the LDL-HDL profile can change the course of plaque development. We show that changes towards lower LDL and higher HDL can slow plaque growth and even induce regression. We find that these changes have less effect on larger, more established plaques, and that temporary changes will only slow plaque growth in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishraq U Ahmed
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Australia.
| | - Mary R Myerscough
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Australia
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Mantadaki AE, Linardakis M, Tsakiri M, Baliou S, Fragkiadaki P, Vakonaki E, Tzatzarakis MN, Tsatsakis A, Symvoulakis EK. Benefits of Quercetin on Glycated Hemoglobin, Blood Pressure, PiKo-6 Readings, Night-Time Sleep, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3504. [PMID: 38930033 PMCID: PMC11205103 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a rapidly growing global morbidity issue with high prevalence, and the associated dysglycemia leads to complications. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often experience elevated anxiety levels, affecting their quality of life and diabetes management. This study investigated quercetin, a nutraceutical and potential senolytic with antioxidant activity, to detect its possible positive effect on the bio-clinical measurements and routine health of patients with T2DM. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) investigated the clinical usefulness of quercetin in patients with T2DM receiving non-insulin medications. One hundred participants were stratified by age and sex (1:1) and randomized to control (n = 50) or intervention (n = 50) groups. The control received standard care only, while the intervention received 500 mg quercetin daily for 12 weeks, followed by an 8-week washout and a final consecutive 12-week supplementation period (total: 32 weeks), as adjunct to their usual care. Comprehensive health assessments, including blood analyses, were conducted at baseline and study termination. Quality of life and anxiety were assessed using the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Short Anxiety Screening Test (SAST-10). Results: Eighty-eight patients with T2DM concluded the trial. Compared with the control, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels showed a significant decrease (Δ%-change: -4.0% vs. 0.1%, p = 0.011). Quercetin also significantly improved PiKo-6 readings (FEV1: 5.6% vs. -1.5%, p = 0.002), systolic blood pressure (-5.0% vs. -0.2%, p = 0.029), night-time sleep (11.6% vs. -7.3%, p < 0.001), anxiety levels (SAST-10) (-26.2% vs. 3.3%, p < 0.001), and quality of life (SF-36) (both physical and mental components, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the current open-label study, quercetin appears to be a promising supplement for T2DM, providing lifestyle and care support. Further research is warranted to shift this potential from clinical usefulness and feasibility to multidisciplinary evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini E. Mantadaki
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.L.); (E.K.S.)
| | - Manolis Linardakis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.L.); (E.K.S.)
| | - Maria Tsakiri
- Iatrica, Local Unit of Lab Analysis and Diagnostics Network, 71303 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Stella Baliou
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Persefoni Fragkiadaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Manolis N. Tzatzarakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece or (S.B.); (P.F.); (E.V.); (M.N.T.); (A.T.)
| | - Emmanouil K. Symvoulakis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (M.L.); (E.K.S.)
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5
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Martinez Bravo G, Annarapu G, Carmona E, Nawarskas J, Clark R, Novelli E, Mota Alvidrez RI. Platelets in Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis: A Double-Edged Sword. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024:S0002-9440(24)00209-8. [PMID: 38885926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the dual role of platelets in atherosclerosis and thrombosis, exploring their involvement in inflammation, angiogenesis, and plaque formation, as well as their hemostatic and prothrombotic functions. Beyond their thrombotic functions, platelets engage in complex interactions with diverse cell types, influencing disease resolution and progression. The contribution of platelet degranulation helps in the formation of atheromatous plaque, whereas the reciprocal interaction with monocytes adds complexity. Alterations in platelet membrane receptors and signaling cascades contribute to advanced atherosclerosis, culminating in atherothrombotic events. Understanding these multifaceted roles of platelets will lead to the development of targeted antiplatelet strategies for effective cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. Understanding platelet functions in atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis at different stages of disease will be critical for designing targeted treatments and medications to prevent or cure the disease Through this understanding, platelets can be targeted at specific times in the atherosclerosis process, possibly preventing the development of atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gowtham Annarapu
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Emely Carmona
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - James Nawarskas
- Pharmaceutical Sciences-Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Ross Clark
- Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Enrico Novelli
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Roberto Ivan Mota Alvidrez
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Pharmaceutical Sciences-Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
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6
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Song K, Hwang SJ, Jeon Y, Yoon Y. The Biomedical Applications of Biomolecule Integrated Biosensors for Cell Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6336. [PMID: 38928042 PMCID: PMC11204277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell monitoring is essential for understanding the physiological conditions and cell abnormalities induced by various stimuli, such as stress factors, microbial invasion, and diseases. Currently, various techniques for detecting cell abnormalities and metabolites originating from specific cells are employed to obtain information on cells in terms of human health. Although the states of cells have traditionally been accessed using instrument-based analysis, this has been replaced by various sensor systems equipped with new materials and technologies. Various sensor systems have been developed for monitoring cells by recognizing biological markers such as proteins on cell surfaces, components on plasma membranes, secreted metabolites, and DNA sequences. Sensor systems are classified into subclasses, such as chemical sensors and biosensors, based on the components used to recognize the targets. In this review, we aim to outline the fundamental principles of sensor systems used for monitoring cells, encompassing both biosensors and chemical sensors. Specifically, we focus on biosensing systems in terms of the types of sensing and signal-transducing elements and introduce recent advancements and applications of biosensors. Finally, we address the present challenges in biosensor systems and the prospects that should be considered to enhance biosensor performance. Although this review covers the application of biosensors for monitoring cells, we believe that it can provide valuable insights for researchers and general readers interested in the advancements of biosensing and its further applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Youngdae Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (K.S.); (S.-J.H.)
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7
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William N, Acker JP. A perspective on exogenous redox regulation mediated by transfused RBCs subject to the storage lesion. Transfus Apher Sci 2024; 63:103929. [PMID: 38658294 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2024.103929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Granted with a potent ability to interact with and tolerate oxidative stressors, RBCs scavenge most reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generated in circulation. This essential non-canonical function, however, renders RBCs susceptible to damage when vascular RONS are generated in excess, making vascular redox imbalance a common etiology of anemia, and thus a common indication for transfusion. This accentuates the relevance of impairments in redox metabolism during hypothermic storage, as the exposure to chronic oxidative stressors upon transfusion could be exceedingly deleterious to stored RBCs. Herein, we review the prominent mechanisms of the hypothermic storage lesion that alter the ability of RBCs to scavenge exogenous RONS as well as the associated clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishaka William
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jason P Acker
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Innovation and Portfolio Management, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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8
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Balgobin S, Basak S, Teoh CW, Noone D. Hypertension in diabetes. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:1739-1758. [PMID: 37831122 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06163-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a disease that affects hundreds of millions of people worldwide, is increasing in prevalence in all age groups, including children and adolescents. Much of the morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes is closely related to hypertension, often coincident with diabetes. Comorbid hypertension and diabetes often worsen the outcomes of each other, likely rooted in some overlapping pathogenic mechanisms. In this educational review, we will discuss the shared pathophysiology of diabetes and hypertension, particularly in regard to inflammation and oxidative stress, the sympathetic nervous system, vascular remodeling, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). We will also review current hypertension diagnosis and management guidelines from many international jurisdictions for both adult and paediatric populations in the setting of diabetes. Many of these guidelines highlight the use and utility of RAAS blockers in this clinical scenario; however, on review of the evidence for their use, several meta-analyses and systematic reviews fail to demonstrate superiority of RAAS blockers over other anti-hypertensive medications. Finally, we discuss several new anti-hypertensive medications, review their mechanisms of action, and highlight some of the evidence for their use in the setting of hypertension and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Balgobin
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sanjukta Basak
- Pediatric Endocrinologist, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chia Wei Teoh
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Damien Noone
- Division of Paediatric Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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9
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Aryal A, Harmon AC, Varner KJ, Noël A, Cormier SA, Nde DB, Mottram P, Maxie J, Dugas TR. Inhalation of particulate matter containing environmentally persistent free radicals induces endothelial dysfunction mediated via AhR activation at the air-blood interface. Toxicol Sci 2024; 199:246-260. [PMID: 38310335 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) containing environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR) is formed by the incomplete combustion of organic wastes, resulting in the chemisorption of pollutants to the surface of PM containing redox-active transition metals. In prior studies in mice, EPFR inhalation impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation. These findings were associated with aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation in the alveolar type-II (AT-II) cells that form the air-blood interface in the lung. We thus hypothesized that AhR activation in AT-II cells promotes the systemic release of mediators that promote endothelium dysfunction peripheral to the lung. To test our hypothesis, we knocked down AhR in AT-II cells of male and female mice and exposed them to 280 µg/m3 EPFR lo (2.7e + 16 radicals/g) or EPFR (5.5e + 17 radicals/g) compared with filtered air for 4 h/day for 1 day or 5 days. AT-II-AhR activation-induced EPFR-mediated endothelial dysfunction, reducing endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by 59%, and eNOS expression by 50%. It also increased endothelin-1 mRNA levels in the lungs and peptide levels in the plasma in a paracrine fashion, along with soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and iNOS mRNA expression, possibly via NF-kB activation. Finally, AhR-dependent increases in antioxidant response signaling, coupled to increased levels of 3-nitrotyrosine in the lungs of EPFR-exposed littermate control but not AT-II AhR KO mice suggested that ATII-specific AhR activation promotes oxidative and nitrative stress. Thus, AhR activation at the air-blood interface mediates endothelial dysfunction observed peripheral to the lung, potentially via release of systemic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Aryal
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Ashlyn C Harmon
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Kurt J Varner
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Alexandra Noël
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Stephania A Cormier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University A&M College and Pennington Biomedical Research Institute, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Divine B Nde
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University A&M College, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Peter Mottram
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Jemiah Maxie
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Tammy R Dugas
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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10
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Obana A, Nakamura M, Miura A, Nozue M, Muto S, Asaoka R. Association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease score and skin carotenoid levels estimated via refraction spectroscopy in the Japanese population: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12173. [PMID: 38806551 PMCID: PMC11133310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids play a role in preventing and impeding the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs) through their anti-oxidative effects. This study evaluated associations between ASCVD risk and skin carotenoid (SC) levels, reflecting dietary carotenoid intake. Participants' ASCVD risk was assessed using the Hisayama ASCVD risk prediction model, and SC levels were measured through a reflection spectroscope (Veggie Meter). The associations between high ASCVD risk and SC levels were analyzed using logistic regression analysis and a restricted cubic spline (RCS) model. A total of 1130 men and women (mean age: 56 years) from participants who underwent a health examination in Seirei Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Medicine in 2019 and 2022 were analyzed. Of these, 4.6% had moderate or high ASCVD risk. Mean SC values were 236, 315, 376, 447, and 606 in quintile Q1 to Q5, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of SC quintile for moderate- or high-risk ASCVD was 0.24 (0.12-0.51) in Q5 (495 ≤), 0.42 (0.23-0.77) in Q4, 0.50 (0.29-0.88) in Q3, and 0.68 (0.41-1.12) in Q2 compared to Q1 (< 281). High SC values continuously showed non-linear inverse association with moderate- or high-risk for ASCVD in Japanese adults. Non-invasive SC measurements may be a good indicator for recommending carotenoids to prevent cardiovascular disease.
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Grants
- 23K09691 the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 23K12695 the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 23K02694 the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 19H01114, 18KK0253 the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan
- 20K09784 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Obana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan.
- Department of Medical Spectroscopy, Institute for Medical Photonics Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education and Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Mieko Nakamura
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Ayako Miura
- Faculty of Health Promotion Sciences, Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Tokoha University, 1230 Miyakoda-cho, Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 431-2102, Japan
| | - Miho Nozue
- Faculty of Health Promotion Sciences, Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Tokoha University, 1230 Miyakoda-cho, Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 431-2102, Japan
| | - Shigeki Muto
- Seirei Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Medicine, Seirei Social Welfare Community, 2-35-8 Sumiyoshi, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 430-0906, Japan
| | - Ryo Asaoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Chuo-ku, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, 430-8558, Japan
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11
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Iorga RE, Costin D, Munteanu-Dănulescu RS, Rezuș E, Moraru AD. Non-Invasive Retinal Vessel Analysis as a Predictor for Cardiovascular Disease. J Pers Med 2024; 14:501. [PMID: 38793083 PMCID: PMC11122007 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most frequent cause of death worldwide. The alterations in the microcirculation may predict the cardiovascular mortality. The retinal vasculature can be used as a model to study vascular alterations associated with cardiovascular disease. In order to quantify microvascular changes in a non-invasive way, fundus images can be taken and analysed. The central retinal arteriolar (CRAE), the venular (CRVE) diameter and the arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio (AVR) can be used as biomarkers to predict the cardiovascular mortality. A narrower CRAE, wider CRVE and a lower AVR have been associated with increased cardiovascular events. Dynamic retinal vessel analysis (DRVA) allows the quantification of retinal changes using digital image sequences in response to visual stimulation with flicker light. This article is not just a review of the current literature, it also aims to discuss the methodological benefits and to identify research gaps. It highlights the potential use of microvascular biomarkers for screening and treatment monitoring of cardiovascular disease. Artificial intelligence (AI), such as Quantitative Analysis of Retinal vessel Topology and size (QUARTZ), and SIVA-deep learning system (SIVA-DLS), seems efficient in extracting information from fundus photographs and has the advantage of increasing diagnosis accuracy and improving patient care by complementing the role of physicians. Retinal vascular imaging using AI may help identify the cardiovascular risk, and is an important tool in primary cardiovascular disease prevention. Further research should explore the potential clinical application of retinal microvascular biomarkers, in order to assess systemic vascular health status, and to predict cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Eugenia Iorga
- Department of Surgery II, Discipline of Ophthalmology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iași, Romania; (R.E.I.); (A.D.M.)
| | - Damiana Costin
- Doctoral School, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | | | - Elena Rezuș
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Discipline of Reumathology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Andreea Dana Moraru
- Department of Surgery II, Discipline of Ophthalmology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Universitatii No. 16, 700115 Iași, Romania; (R.E.I.); (A.D.M.)
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12
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Li X, Fan W, Tang H, Li D, Xiao Y, Yang B, Zhao Y, Wu P. Neutral pH photoenzymatic activity of Au-doped g-C 3N 4 nanosheet for colorimetric detection of total antioxidant capacity in food samples. Food Chem 2024; 439:138158. [PMID: 38071846 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is vital for food quality evaluation. The emergence of various nanozymes with TMB as substrate offered a new avenue for TAC detection due to simple operation and fast response, but a long-standing challenge is its low activity at physiological pH, which may account for the discrepancy between the measured TAC and the actual antioxidant capacity in vivo. Herein, Au doping was explored to break the pH limitation of g-C3N4 nanosheets (CNNS) photozyme. The catalytic activities of Au@CNNS at pH 4.0 and 7.4 were 14.9- and 6.2-fold higher than that of CNNS at pH 4. The neutral pH photozymatic activity (photosensitized oxidation of TMB, oxidase mimic) of Au@CNNS was explored for sensitivity TAC detection (LOD: 1.0 μM TE), which featured more convenient operations and higher sensitivity over the DPPH assay. The proposed Au@CNNS-based photozymatic colorimetric method was explored for accurate detection of TAC in drinks and juices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Wentong Fan
- Analytical & Testing Center, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Honghu Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuling Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Analytical & Testing Center, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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13
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Marder M, Remmert C, Perschel JA, Otgonbayar M, von Toerne C, Hauck S, Bushe J, Feuchtinger A, Sheikh B, Moussus M, Meier M. Stem cell-derived vessels-on-chip for cardiovascular disease modeling. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114008. [PMID: 38536819 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is accompanied by vascular complications. Human in vitro disease models are hence required to better understand vascular dysfunctions and guide clinical therapies. Here, we engineered an open microfluidic vessel-on-chip platform that integrates human pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (SC-ECs). The open microfluidic design enables seamless integration with state-of-the-art analytical technologies, including single-cell RNA sequencing, proteomics by mass spectrometry, and high-resolution imaging. Beyond previous systems, we report SC-EC maturation by means of barrier formation, arterial toning, and high nitric oxide synthesis levels under gravity-driven flow. Functionally, we corroborate the hallmarks of early-onset atherosclerosis with low sample volumes and cell numbers under flow conditions by determining proteome and secretome changes in SC-ECs stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein and free fatty acids. More broadly, our organ-on-chip platform enables the modeling of patient-specific human endothelial tissue and has the potential to become a general tool for animal-free vascular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Marder
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Caroline Remmert
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julius A Perschel
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefanie Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Judith Bushe
- Core Facility Pathology & Tissue Analytics, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Feuchtinger
- Core Facility Pathology & Tissue Analytics, Helmholtz Munich, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Bilal Sheikh
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Center Munich, Leipzig, Germany; Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michel Moussus
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Meier
- Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; Centre for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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14
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Mantadaki AE, Linardakis M, Vafeiadi M, Anastasiou F, Tsatsakis A, Symvoulakis EK. The Impact of Three-Month Quercetin Intake on Quality of Life and Anxiety in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus: An Early Data Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2024; 16:e58219. [PMID: 38745810 PMCID: PMC11091546 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a high-prevalence, major chronic metabolic disease demanding effective interventions. Quercetin, a phytochemical with potential health benefits, has garnered interest for its therapeutic properties. AIM This study was designed to capture the early efficacy and clinical safety aspects following quercetin administration in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS The main study involved a randomized allocation procedure to assign non-insulin-treated patients attending the 4th Health Unit of Heraklion to intervention and control groups based on age and sex. The intervention group (n=50) received 500 mg of quercetin daily for 12 + (8 free intervals) + 12 weeks, alongside their usual treatment, while the control group (n=50) did not. After randomization, for the intermediary 12-week follow-up, data from 38 patients (intervention: 20; control: 18) were analyzed in this report. All subjects provided informed consent for the collection of anthropometric measurements, vital signs, daily habits data, and PiKo-6 spirometric readings. Additionally, participants responded to the Short Anxiety Screening Test (SAST) and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaires. RESULTS Thirty-eight participants were included (60% men and 40% women in the intervention group; 38.9% men and 61.1% women in the control group). In the treatment arm, Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1) measured with PiKo-6 showed a Δ%- change for the intervention arm: +6.8%, control: -0.2% (p=0.059), systolic blood pressure; intervention: -7.4%, control: -3.7% (p=0.117), waist circumference; intervention: -1.5% control: -0.7% (p=0.455) and night-time sleep; intervention: +5.3%, control: +1.4% (p=0.926) were favourably influenced. The treatment group exhibited significant enhancements in both anxiety levels assessed by the anxiety symptoms scale (SAST-10, p=0.026) and quality of life evaluated by the SF-36 (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Positive evidence is emerging for a pleiotropic effect of quercetin intake in patients with T2DM, specifically in terms of anxiety reduction and amelioration of life quality, in just 12 weeks of administration and without adverse effects, indicating clinical safety and underscoring its potential for integration in T2DM supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manolis Linardakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Marina Vafeiadi
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Foteini Anastasiou
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Morphology, Laboratory of Toxicology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
| | - Emmanouil K Symvoulakis
- Department of Social Medicine, Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, GRC
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15
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Tsubota-Utsugi M, Satoh M, Watanabe J, Takebayashi J, Oki T, Tatsumi Y, Asayama K, Kikuya M, Murakami T, Hirose T, Metoki H, Hara A, Nomura K, Hozawa A, Tsubono Y, Imai Y, Ohkubo T. Association between an Antioxidant-Rich Japanese Diet and Chronic Kidney Disease: The Ohasama Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:461-477. [PMID: 37853637 PMCID: PMC10999714 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although physiological effects of hydrophilic- (H-) and lipophilic- (L-) antioxidant capacities (AOCs) are suggested to differ, the association of an antioxidant-rich diet and chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence has not been examined. We therefore explored the association between the H- or L-AOC of a whole Japanese diet and CKD risk in a general population. METHODS A total of 922 individuals without CKD (69.2% women; mean age, 59.5 years old) from Ohasama Town, Japan, were examined. CKD incidence was defined as the presence of proteinuria and/or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Consumption of H-/L-AOC was determined based on the oxygen radical absorbance capacity in a specially developed Japanese food AOC database. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for new-onset CKD using a Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS During the median follow-up of 9.7 years, 137 CKD incidents were recorded. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, the highest quartile of L-AOC was significantly associated with a 51% reduced CKD risk among only women. An increased L-AOC intake was more effective in preventing eGFR reduction than in preventing proteinuria in women. These associations were not seen for H-AOC intake in both sexes and L-AOC intake in men. CONCLUSIONS A high intake of lipophilic antioxidants may be associated with a reduced CKD risk. The balance between dietary antioxidant intake and pro-oxidants induced by unhealthy lifestyles may be crucial for preventing future kidney deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Tsubota-Utsugi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiro Satoh
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Department of Life and Food Sciences, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jun Takebayashi
- Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | - Tomoyuki Oki
- Department of Food Science, Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukako Tatsumi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Asayama
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kikuya
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahisa Murakami
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry, Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takuo Hirose
- Department of Endocrinology and Applied Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan
| | - Azusa Hara
- Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nomura
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Tsubono
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yutaka Imai
- Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ohkubo
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure, Sendai, Japan
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16
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Griffith JA, King RD, Dunn AC, Lewis SE, Maxwell BA, Nurkiewicz TR, Goldsmith WT, Kelley EE, Bowdridge EC. Maternal nano-titanium dioxide inhalation exposure alters placental cyclooxygenase and oxidant balance in a sexually dimorphic manner. ADVANCES IN REDOX RESEARCH 2024; 10:10.1016/j.arres.2023.100090. [PMID: 38562524 PMCID: PMC10979698 DOI: 10.1016/j.arres.2023.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The placenta plays a critical role in nutrient-waste exchange between the maternal and fetal circulation, and thus impacts fetal growth and development. We have previously shown that nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) inhalation exposure during gestation decreased fetal female pup and placenta mass [1], which persists in the following generation [2]. In utero exposed females, once mated, their offspring's placentas had increased capacity for H2O2 production. Generation of oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been shown to impact cyclooxygenase activity, specifically metabolites such as prostacyclin (PGI2) or thromboxane (TXA2). Therefore, we hypothesized that maternal nano-TiO2 inhalation exposure during gestation results in alterations in placental production of prostacyclin and thromboxane mediated by enhanced H2O2 production in a sexually dimorphic manner. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to nano-TiO2 aerosols or filtered air (sham--control) from gestational day (GD) 10-19. Dams were euthanized on GD 20, and fetal serum and placental tissue were collected based on fetal sex. Fetal placental zones (junctional zone (JZ) and labyrinth zone (LZ)) were assessed for xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) activity, H2O2, and catalase activity, as well as 6-keto-PGF1α and TXB2 levels. Nano-TiO2 exposed fetal female LZ demonstrated significantly greater XOR activity compared to exposed males. Exposed fetal female LZ also demonstrated significantly diminished catalase activity compared to sham-control females. Exposed fetal female LZ had significantly increased abundance of 6-keto-PGF1α compared to sham-control females and increased TXB2 compared to exposed males. In the aggregate these data indicate that maternal nano-TiO2 inhalation exposure has a greater impact on redox homeostasis and PGI2/TXA2 balance in the fetal female LZ. Future studies need to address if treatment with an XO inhibitor during gestation can prevent diminished fetal female growth during maternal nano-TiO2 inhalation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Griffith
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Rachel D. King
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Allison C. Dunn
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sara E. Lewis
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brooke A. Maxwell
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Timothy R. Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - William T. Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Eric E. Kelley
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Bowdridge
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Huang X, Zhang S, Fu W, Wang L, Liu Z, Tang Y, Gao W, Tang B. In Situ Imaging of GGT and HOBr-Triggered Atherosclerotic Plaque Rupture via Activating the RunX2/Col IV Signaling Pathway. Anal Chem 2024; 96:4138-4145. [PMID: 38426857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Calcification and abnormal collagen deposition within blood vessels constitute causative factors for atherosclerotic plaque rupture, and their occurrence is intimately linked with γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) and hypobromous acid (HOBr). However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of GGT and HOBr in plaque rupture remain unclear. Hence, we developed a dual-responsive near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (BOC-H) that effectively avoids spectral crosstalk for the in situ visualization of the fluctuations in GGT and HOBr levels during atherosclerotic plaque rupture. We found that both GGT and HOBr contents increase significantly in the calcification models of cells and animals. The overexpressed GGT participated in intracellular oxygen-promoting behavior, which obviously upregulated the expression of RunX2 and Col IV by facilitating H2O2 and HOBr secretion. This process triggered calcification and abnormal collagen deposition within the plaque, which raised the risk of plaque rupture. PM2.5-induced arteriosclerotic calcification models further verified the results that GGT and HOBr accelerate plaque rupture via activation of the RunX2/Col IV signaling pathway. Moreover, the assessment of GGT and HOBr in serum samples from patients with acute myocardial infarction further confirmed the co-regulation of GGT and HOBr in the plaque rupture. Together, our studies highlight the involvement of GGT and HOBr in driving plaque rupture and offer new targets for the prevention and treatment of acute cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyue Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of pharmacy, ZiBo Central Hospital, Zibo 255000, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wen Gao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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18
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Zhou H, Sun X, Dai Y, Wang X, Dai Z, Li X. 14-3-3-η interacts with BCL-2 to protect human endothelial progenitor cells from ox-LDL-triggered damage. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:290-299. [PMID: 38100125 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) causes dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and we recently reported that 14-3-3-η can attenuate the damage triggered by ox-LDL in EPCs. However, the molecular mechanisms by which 14-3-3-η protects EPCs from the damage caused by ox-LDL are not fully understood. In this study, we observed that the expression of 14-3-3-η and BCL-2 were downregulated in ox-LDL-treated EPCs. Overexpression of 14-3-3-η in ox-LDL-treated EPC significantly increased BCL-2 level, while knockdown of BCL-2 reduced 14-3-3-η expression and mitigated the protective effect of 14-3-3-η on EPCs. In addition, we discovered that 14-3-3-η colocalizes and interacts with BCL-2 in EPCs. Taken together, these data suggest that 14-3-3-η protects EPCs from ox-LDL-induced damage by its interaction with BCL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaopei Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhihong Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiuli Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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19
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Choi H, Lee JY, Sul Y, Kim SH, Ye JB, Lee JS, Yoon SY, Seok J, Choi JH. Mean corpuscular volume as a prognostic factor for 30-day mortality in major trauma patients: a retrospective cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3951. [PMID: 38365858 PMCID: PMC10873376 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the clinical implications of the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in patients with major trauma. This single-center retrospective review included 2021 trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit between January 2016 and June 2020. We included 1218 patients aged [Formula: see text] 18 years with an injury severity score [Formula: see text] 16 in the final analysis. The clinical and laboratory variables were compared between macrocytosis (defined as MCV [Formula: see text] 100 fL) and non-macrocytosis groups. Cox regression analysis was performed to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) of variables for 30-day mortality, with adjustment for other potential confounding factors. The initial mean value of MCV was 102.7 fL in the macrocytosis group (n = 199) and 93.7 fL in the non-macrocytosis group (n = 1019). The macrocytosis group showed a significantly higher proportion of initial hypotension, transfusion within 4 and 24 h, and 30-day mortality than the non-macrocytosis group. Age ([Formula: see text] 65 years), hypotension (systolic blood pressure [Formula: see text] 90 mmHg), transfusion (within 4 h), anemia (Hb < 12 g/day in women, < 13 g/day in men), and macrocytosis were significantly associated with 30-day mortality (adjusted HR = 1.4; 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.94; p = 0.046) in major trauma patients. Thus, initial macrocytosis independently predicted 30-day mortality in patients with major trauma at a Level I trauma center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlim Choi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Lee
- Deparment of Trauma Surgery, Trauma Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, 1 Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Trauma Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younghoon Sul
- Deparment of Trauma Surgery, Trauma Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, 1 Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Trauma Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Heon Kim
- Deparment of Trauma Surgery, Trauma Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, 1 Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Bong Ye
- Deparment of Trauma Surgery, Trauma Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, 1 Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Suk Lee
- Deparment of Trauma Surgery, Trauma Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 776, 1 Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Yoon
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Trauma Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Junepill Seok
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Trauma Center, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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20
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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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21
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Liu SJ, Zhong YN, Cheng ZQ, Meng N, Zhang J, Jiang CS. Discovery of Novel Marine-Derived Phidiandine/Lipoic Acid Hybrid as a Potential Anti-Atherosclerosis Agent: Design, Synthesis and in Vitro/in Vivo Evaluation. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301371. [PMID: 38069597 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a novel derivative, IOP-LA, was prepared by hybridizing antioxidant lipoic acid (LA) and our recently reported antioxidative marine phidianidine B-inspired indole/1,2,4-oxadiazole derivative. Our results demonstrated that IOP-LA could protect vascular endothelial cells (VECs) from oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 pathway, inhibit the production of atherosclerotic plaque, and promote the stability of atherosclerotic plaque in apoE-/- mice. Moreover, the protective effect of IOP-LA was superior to LA at the same concentration. Mechanistic studies revealed that IOP-LA significantly inhibited the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the translocation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) nuclear induced by oxLDL through the nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. In summary, the data demonstrate that IOP-LA, as a new antioxidant, protects VECs from oxLDL-induced oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2 pathway. It is worth noting that this study provides a promising lead compound for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jun Liu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Ying-Nan Zhong
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Cheng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Ning Meng
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Cheng-Shi Jiang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
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22
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Sastre-Oliva T, Corbacho-Alonso N, Rodriguez-Sanchez E, Mercado-García E, Perales-Sanchez I, Hernandez-Fernandez G, Juarez-Alia C, Tejerina T, López-Almodóvar LF, Padial LR, Sánchez PL, Martín-Núñez E, López-Andrés N, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Mourino-Alvarez L, Barderas MG. Albumin Redox Modifications Promote Cell Calcification Reflecting the Impact of Oxidative Status on Aortic Valve Disease and Atherosclerosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:108. [PMID: 38247532 PMCID: PMC10812654 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are related cardiovascular diseases in which common mechanisms lead to tissue calcification. Oxidative stress plays a key role in these diseases and there is also evidence that the redox state of serum albumin exerts a significant influence on these conditions. To further explore this issue, we used multimarker scores (OxyScore and AntioxyScore) to assess the global oxidative status in patients with CAVD, with and without CAD, also evaluating their plasma thiol levels. In addition, valvular interstitial cells were treated with reduced, oxidized, and native albumin to study how this protein and its modifications affect cell calcification. The differences we found suggest that oxidative status is distinct in CAVD and CAD, with differences in redox markers and thiol levels. Importantly, the in vitro interstitial cell model revealed that modified albumin affects cell calcification, accelerating this process. Hence, we show here the importance of the redox system in the development of CAVD, emphasizing the relevance of multimarker scores, while also offering evidence of how the redox state of albumin influences vascular calcification. These data highlight the relevance of understanding the overall redox processes involved in these diseases, opening the door to new studies on antioxidants as potential therapies for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Sastre-Oliva
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (I.P.-S.); (G.H.-F.); (C.J.-A.); (L.M.-A.)
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Nerea Corbacho-Alonso
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (I.P.-S.); (G.H.-F.); (C.J.-A.); (L.M.-A.)
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Elena Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain (E.M.-G.); (G.R.-H.)
| | - Elisa Mercado-García
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain (E.M.-G.); (G.R.-H.)
| | - Ines Perales-Sanchez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (I.P.-S.); (G.H.-F.); (C.J.-A.); (L.M.-A.)
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - German Hernandez-Fernandez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (I.P.-S.); (G.H.-F.); (C.J.-A.); (L.M.-A.)
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Cristina Juarez-Alia
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (I.P.-S.); (G.H.-F.); (C.J.-A.); (L.M.-A.)
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Teresa Tejerina
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Luis F. López-Almodóvar
- Cardiac Surgery, Hospital General Universitario de Toledo, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45007 Toledo, Spain;
| | - Luis R. Padial
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario de Toledo, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45007 Toledo, Spain;
| | - Pedro L. Sánchez
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martín-Núñez
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-N.); (N.L.-A.)
| | - Natalia López-Andrés
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.-N.); (N.L.-A.)
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain (E.M.-G.); (G.R.-H.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Mourino-Alvarez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (I.P.-S.); (G.H.-F.); (C.J.-A.); (L.M.-A.)
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Maria G. Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain; (T.S.-O.); (N.C.-A.); (I.P.-S.); (G.H.-F.); (C.J.-A.); (L.M.-A.)
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), 45071 Toledo, Spain
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23
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Mudgal R, Singh S. Xanthine Oxidoreductase in the Pathogenesis of Endothelial Dysfunction: An Update. Curr Hypertens Rev 2024; 20:10-22. [PMID: 38318826 DOI: 10.2174/0115734021277772240124075120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of uric acid (UA) and is involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Overproduction of ROS has been linked to the pathogenesis of hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease, with multiple studies over the last 30 years demonstrating that XOR inhibition is beneficial. The involvement of XOR and its constituents in the advancement of chronic inflammation and ROS, which are responsible for endothelial dysfunction, is the focus of this evidence-based review. An overabundance of XOR products and ROS appears to drive the inflammatory response, resulting in significant endothelium damage. It has also been demonstrated that XOR activity and ED are connected. Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease are all associated with endothelial dysfunction. ROS mainly modifies the activity of vascular cells and can be important in normal vascular physiology as well as the development of vascular disease. Suppressing XOR activity appears to decrease endothelial dysfunction, probably because it lessens the generation of reactive oxygen species and the oxidative stress brought on by XOR. Although there has long been a link between higher vascular XOR activity and worse clinical outcomes, new research suggests a different picture in which positive results are mediated by XOR enzymatic activity. Here in this study, we aimed to review the association between XOR and vascular endothelial dysfunction. The prevention and treatment approaches against vascular endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
| | - Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
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24
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Kusumi K, Raina R, Samuels J, Tibrewal A, Furth S, Mitsnefes M, Devineni S, Warady BA. Evidence of increased vascular stiffness and left ventricular hypertrophy in children with cystic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2023; 38:4093-4100. [PMID: 37428222 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-023-06081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Children with early-onset CKD arguably experience the greatest lifetime CVD burden. We utilized data from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Cohort Study (CKiD) to evaluate two pediatric CKD cohorts: congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and cystic kidney disease for CVD risks and outcomes. METHODS CVD risk factors and outcomes including blood pressures, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) scores were evaluated. RESULTS Forty-one patients in the cystic kidney disease group were compared to 294 patients in the CAKUT group. Cystic kidney disease patients had higher cystatin-C levels, despite similar iGFR. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) indexes were higher in the CAKUT group, but a significantly higher proportion of cystic kidney disease patients was on anti-hypertensive medications. Cystic kidney disease patients had increased AASI scores and a higher incidence of LVH. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a nuanced analysis of CVD risk factors and outcomes including AASI and LVH in two pediatric CKD cohorts. Cystic kidney disease patients had increased AASI scores, higher incidence of LVH, and higher rates of anti-hypertensive medication use which could imply a greater burden of CVD despite similar GFR. Our work suggests that additional mechanisms may contribute to vascular dysfunction in cystic kidney disease, and that these patients may need additional interventions to prevent the development of CVD. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Kusumi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA
- Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA
| | - Rupesh Raina
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, OH, USA.
- Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, USA.
- Akron Nephrology Associates, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH, USA.
| | - Joshua Samuels
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abhishek Tibrewal
- Akron Nephrology Associates, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Susan Furth
- Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark Mitsnefes
- Division of Nephrology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Bradley A Warady
- Division of Nephrology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
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25
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Zhao Y, Xiong W, Li C, Zhao R, Lu H, Song S, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Shi B, Ge J. Hypoxia-induced signaling in the cardiovascular system: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:431. [PMID: 37981648 PMCID: PMC10658171 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen concentration, is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. From the research history and milestone events related to hypoxia in cardiovascular development and diseases, The "hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) switch" can be observed from both temporal and spatial perspectives, encompassing the occurrence and progression of hypoxia (gradual decline in oxygen concentration), the acute and chronic manifestations of hypoxia, and the geographical characteristics of hypoxia (natural selection at high altitudes). Furthermore, hypoxia signaling pathways are associated with natural rhythms, such as diurnal and hibernation processes. In addition to innate factors and natural selection, it has been found that epigenetics, as a postnatal factor, profoundly influences the hypoxic response and progression within the cardiovascular system. Within this intricate process, interactions between different tissues and organs within the cardiovascular system and other systems in the context of hypoxia signaling pathways have been established. Thus, it is the time to summarize and to construct a multi-level regulatory framework of hypoxia signaling and mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases for developing more therapeutic targets and make reasonable advancements in clinical research, including FDA-approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials, to guide future clinical practice in the field of hypoxia signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weidong Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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26
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Das A, Mehrotra S, Kumar A. Advances in Fabrication Technologies for the Development of Next-Generation Cardiovascular Stents. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:544. [PMID: 37998113 PMCID: PMC10672426 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14110544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease, claiming millions of lives annually around the world. The current treatment includes surgically inserting a tubular construct, called a stent, inside arteries to restore blood flow. However, due to lack of patient-specific design, the commercial products cannot be used with different vessel anatomies. In this review, we have summarized the drawbacks in existing commercial metal stents which face problems of restenosis and inflammatory responses, owing to the development of neointimal hyperplasia. Further, we have highlighted the fabrication of stents using biodegradable polymers, which can circumvent most of the existing limitations. In this regard, we elaborated on the utilization of new fabrication methodologies based on additive manufacturing such as three-dimensional printing to design patient-specific stents. Finally, we have discussed the functionalization of these stent surfaces with suitable bioactive molecules which can prove to enhance their properties in preventing thrombosis and better healing of injured blood vessel lining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Das
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India;
| | - Shreya Mehrotra
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India;
- Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India;
- Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
- Centre of Excellence for Orthopaedics and Prosthetics, Gangwal School of Medical Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
- The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, UP, India
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27
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Guo Y, Gong P, Qian Y, Liu H, Yu B, Qi J. Rapid screening and identification of superoxide dismutase activators from traditional Chinese medicines based on affinity ultrafiltration mass chromatography combined with molecular docking. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1710:464408. [PMID: 37804579 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a comprehensive strategy integrating affinity ultrafiltration high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UF-HPLC-Q-TOF-MS), in silico molecular docking and bioassays was established to rapidly screen natural SOD activators from traditional Chinese medicines. As illustrative case studies, Schisandra chinensis, Fructus cnidii and Radix ophiopogonis were chosen to develop and verify the strategy. The HPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to identify the compounds in comparison with reference standards and literature data. A total of eight compounds, including four biphenyl-cyclooctene ligands from Schisandra chinensis and four coumarins from Fructus cnidii, were found to potentially increase SOD activities. No ligands were found in the extract of Radix ophiopogonis. Then, in silico molecular docking was performed to investigate the binding site and binding affinity of the candidates on SOD. Compared to the nonspecific ligands screened from the extract, the specific ligands presented stronger binding affinities. In addition, the activity and kinetic parameters of the SOD-ligand were investigated through an improved pyrogallol autoxidation method. Gomisin J and xanthotoxin showed a stronger ability to increase SOD activities. The present study indicated that combining UF-HPLC-Q-TOF-MS and in silico molecular docking offers a powerful and meaningful tool to rapidly screen SOD activators from traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Puyang Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Yin Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Haichun Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Jin Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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Skov V, Thomassen M, Kjaer L, Larsen MK, Knudsen TA, Ellervik C, Kruse TA, Hasselbalch HC. Whole blood transcriptional profiling reveals highly deregulated atherosclerosis genes in Philadelphia-chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. Eur J Haematol 2023; 111:805-814. [PMID: 37640394 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are associated with a huge comorbidity burden, including an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Recently, chronic inflammation has been suggested to be the driving force for clonal evolution and disease progression in MPN but also potentially having an impact upon the development of accelerated (premature) atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVES Since chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, and atherothrombosis are prevalent in MPNs and we have previously shown oxidative stress genes to be markedly upregulated in MPNs, we hypothesized that genes linked to development of atherosclerosis might be highly deregulated as well. METHODS Using whole blood gene expression profiling in patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET; n = 19), polycythemia vera (PV; n = 41), or primary myelofibrosis (PMF; n = 9), we herein for the first time report aberrant expression of several atherosclerosis genes. RESULTS Of 84 atherosclerosis genes, 45, 56, and 46 genes were deregulated in patients with ET, PV, or PMF, respectively. Furthermore, BCL2L1, MMP1, PDGFA, PTGS1, and THBS4 were progressively significantly upregulated and BCL2 progressively significantly downregulated from ET over PV to PMF (all FDR <0.05). CONCLUSIONS We have for the first time shown massive deregulation of atherosclerosis genes in MPNs, likely reflecting the inflammatory state in MPNs in association with in vivo activation of leukocytes, platelets, and endothelial cells being deeply involved in the atherosclerotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Mads Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjaer
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Trine A Knudsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Christina Ellervik
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Torben A Kruse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Nadaf Fahmideh M, Seidavi A, Bouyeh M. The effect of different levels of vitamin C and chromium on growth performance, carcass characteristics, digestive organs, immunity, blood constituents, liver enzymes, cecal microflora, meat sensory taste and fatty acid profile of breast meat in broilers. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2763-2780. [PMID: 37861177 PMCID: PMC10650247 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antioxidants such as vitamin C (VC) and chromium (Cr), which effectively scavenge free radicals, may improve functional characteristics of the intestine and may reduce intestinal diseases. Cr absorption increases in the presence of VC. In poultry, VC is mainly derived from glucose; hence, Cr is an important component for glucose tolerance. We evaluated the synergistic effects of these two antioxidants together. OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate two levels of VC and two levels of Cr and their interaction on growth performance, carcass characteristics, digestive organs, immunity, blood constituents, liver enzymes, cecal microflora, meat sensory taste and fatty acid profile of breast meat in broilers. METHODS Two levels of VC (250 and 500 mg/kg dry matter [DM]) and two levels of Cr (700 and 1400 μg/kg DM) were added to a basic diet for 42 days in five treatments. The 2 × 2 plus 1 (control group) factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomised design for 42 days using 360 one-day-old male chicks. RESULTS Very low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and triglyceride level, liver enzymes, antibody titer against sheep red blood cells, fat content, odour, chewing ability, elasticity and oral sensation traits were affected by combination of VC and Cr. CONCLUSIONS Combination of VC and Cr can increase unsaturated fatty acids and decrease saturated fatty acids, as well as improve cecal microbial flora, and may be useful as antioxidant compounds and non-antimicrobial stimulants for economic growth. The use of 250 mg/kg of VC and 700 μg/kg of Cr is recommended in broiler diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireaza Seidavi
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
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Ozlu F, Demiray GA, Güneş D, Yıldızdaş HY, Yıldız S. Assessment of antioxidant system status before and after operation in neonates with congenital heart disease. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:1557-1562. [PMID: 37929535 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_252_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Background/Aim Oxidative stress is considered to have a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as well as many other diseases. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the antioxidant system status at pre- and post-operative period in newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD) requiring operation. Materials and Methods Fifty CHD patients participated in this research. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels were studied in blood samples. RACHS-1 score, blood lactate levels, and hypoxic events were also recorded. Comparisons of antioxidant system parameters were conducted at pre- and post-operative periods and also between exitus and discharged groups. Results GPx activity and TBARS levels were significantly higher in the pre-operative period than post-operative period though the other antioxidant enzymes were not altered. In pre-operative period, GPx activity was low in addition to rarer hypoxic events in the discharged group. Also, a negative correlation was found between SOD and GPx activities in pre-operative period. Conclusion The results provide fundamental data showing the lowered GPx activity and TBARS levels considered as sensitive oxidative biomarkers after the operation. It was assumed that antioxidant system parameters might show changes after the operation, and GPx is prominent for resistance to hypoxic conditions. Post-operative reduction of GPx and TBARS levels is significant for evaluating the antioxidant system alterations after the operation. However, further investigations follow long-term duration for post-operative monitoring to estimate how antioxidant system status changes to improve the treatment of the health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ozlu
- Department of Neonatology, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - G A Demiray
- Biotechnology Center; Vocational School of Imamoglu, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - D Güneş
- Department of Pediatrics, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - H Y Yıldızdaş
- Department of Neonatology, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - S Yıldız
- Biotechnology Center, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
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Lin PK, Davis GE. Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Vascular Disease: Defining Its Regulators and Pathological Influence. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1599-1616. [PMID: 37409533 PMCID: PMC10527588 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.318237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Because of structural and cellular differences (ie, degrees of matrix abundance and cross-linking, mural cell density, and adventitia), large and medium-sized vessels, in comparison to capillaries, react in a unique manner to stimuli that induce vascular disease. A stereotypical vascular injury response is ECM (extracellular matrix) remodeling that occurs particularly in larger vessels in response to injurious stimuli, such as elevated angiotensin II, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, genetic deficiencies, inflammatory cell infiltration, or exposure to proinflammatory mediators. Even with substantial and prolonged vascular damage, large- and medium-sized arteries, persist, but become modified by (1) changes in vascular wall cellularity; (2) modifications in the differentiation status of endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, or adventitial stem cells (each can become activated); (3) infiltration of the vascular wall by various leukocyte types; (4) increased exposure to critical growth factors and proinflammatory mediators; and (5) marked changes in the vascular ECM, that remodels from a homeostatic, prodifferentiation ECM environment to matrices that instead promote tissue reparative responses. This latter ECM presents previously hidden matricryptic sites that bind integrins to signal vascular cells and infiltrating leukocytes (in coordination with other mediators) to proliferate, invade, secrete ECM-degrading proteinases, and deposit injury-induced matrices (predisposing to vessel wall fibrosis). In contrast, in response to similar stimuli, capillaries can undergo regression responses (rarefaction). In summary, we have described the molecular events controlling ECM remodeling in major vascular diseases as well as the differential responses of arteries versus capillaries to key mediators inducing vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca K. Lin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - George E. Davis
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612
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Zhao F, Tang X, Guo D, Liu Y, Chen J. An electrochemical microsensor based on a specific recognition element for the simultaneous detection of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid in the live rat brain. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:4289-4295. [PMID: 37602411 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00488k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical microsensor was developed for the ratiometric and simultaneous determination of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ascorbic acid (AA) based on the borate-phenol "switch" recognition mechanism and carbon nanotube (CNT) catalytic characteristics. First of all, a carbon fiber microelectrode (CFME) was coated with CNTs. Then, a specific probe, 9-anthraceneboronic acid pinacol ester (9-AP), was screened and decorated on CNTs through π-π stacking for the recognition of H2O2 based on the transformation of boric acid ester into electroactive phenols. CNTs not only served as the amplifiers of current signals, but also as catalysts facilitating AA oxidation. Meanwhile, ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc), inert to H2O2 and AA, was modified on another amino-functionalized CNT microelectrode via an amide bond as an internal reference channel for avoiding errors caused by environmental discrepancies. The two-channel ratiometric microsensor enabled the sensitive and accurate detection of H2O2 and AA simultaneously, and the detection limits were estimated to be 0.09 μM and 4.12 μM, respectively. The developed microsensor with remarkable analytical performance was finally applied for the simultaneous detection of H2O2 and AA in the live rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Binshui West Road 393, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Xuan Tang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Binshui West Road 393, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Dongqing Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Binshui West Road 393, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Yunxi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Binshui West Road 393, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Binshui West Road 393, Tianjin 300387, P. R. China.
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Ravera S, Signorello MG, Panfoli I. Platelet Metabolic Flexibility: A Matter of Substrate and Location. Cells 2023; 12:1802. [PMID: 37443836 PMCID: PMC10340290 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are cellular elements that are physiologically involved in hemostasis, inflammation, thrombotic events, and various human diseases. There is a link between the activation of platelets and their metabolism. Platelets possess considerable metabolic versatility. Although the role of platelets in hemostasis and inflammation is known, our current understanding of platelet metabolism in terms of substrate preference is limited. Platelet activation triggers an oxidative metabolism increase to sustain energy requirements better than aerobic glycolysis alone. In addition, platelets possess extra-mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which could be one of the sources of chemical energy required for platelet activation. This review aims to provide an overview of flexible platelet metabolism, focusing on the role of metabolic compartmentalization in substrate preference, since the metabolic flexibility of stimulated platelets could depend on subcellular localization and functional timing. Thus, developing a detailed understanding of the link between platelet activation and metabolic changes is crucial for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | | | - Isabella Panfoli
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
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Boakye E, Uddin SMI, Osuji N, Meinert J, Obisesan OH, Mirbolouk M, Tasdighi E, El-Shahawy O, Erhabor J, Osei AD, Rajan T, Patatanian M, Holbrook JT, Bhatnagar A, Biswal SS, Blaha MJ. Examining the association of habitual e-cigarette use with inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in young adults: The VAPORS-Endothelial function study. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:75. [PMID: 37305426 PMCID: PMC10257221 DOI: 10.18332/tid/162327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute exposure to e-cigarette aerosol has been shown to have potentially deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. However, the cardiovascular effects of habitual e-cigarette use have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association of habitual e-cigarette use with endothelial dysfunction and inflammation - subclinical markers known to be associated with increased cardiovascular risk. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 46 participants (23 exclusive e-cigarette users; 23 non-users) enrolled in the VAPORS-Endothelial function study. E-cigarette users had used e-cigarettes for ≥6 consecutive months. Non-users had used e-cigarettes <5 times and had a negative urine cotinine test (<30 ng/mL). Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and reactive hyperemia index (RHI) were used to assess endothelial dysfunction, and we assayed high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, fibrinogen, p-selectin, and myeloperoxidase as serum measures of inflammation. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the association of e-cigarette use with the markers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. RESULTS Of the 46 participants with mean age of 24.3 ± 4.0 years, the majority were males (78%), non-Hispanic (89%), and White (59%). Among non-users, 6 had cotinine levels <10 ng/mL while 17 had levels 10-30 ng/mL. Conversely, among e-cigarette users, the majority (14 of 23) had cotinine ≥500 ng/mL. At baseline, the systolic blood pressure was higher among e-cigarette users than non-users (p=0.011). The mean FMD was slightly lower among e-cigarette users (6.32%) compared to non-users (6.53%). However, in the adjusted analysis, current e-cigarette users did not differ significantly from non-users in their mean FMD (Coefficient=2.05; 95% CI: -2.52-6.63) or RHI (Coefficient= -0.20; 95% CI: -0.88-0.49). Similarly, the levels of inflammatory markers were generally low and did not differ between e-cigarette users and non-users. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that e-cigarette use may not be significantly associated with endothelial dysfunction and systemic inflammation in relatively young and healthy individuals. Longer term studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Boakye
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Dallas, United States
| | - S. M. Iftekhar Uddin
- Department of Medicine, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, New York City, United States
| | - Ngozi Osuji
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburg Medical Center, Pittsburg, United States
| | - Jill Meinert
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | | | - Mohammadhassan Mirbolouk
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Erfan Tasdighi
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Omar El-Shahawy
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Dallas, United States
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - John Erhabor
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Dallas, United States
| | - Albert D. Osei
- Department of Medicine, MedStar Union Memorial Hospital, Baltimore, United States
| | - Tanuja Rajan
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Michael Patatanian
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Janet T. Holbrook
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Dallas, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, United States
| | - Shyam S. Biswal
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Michael J. Blaha
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
- The American Heart Association Tobacco Regulation and Addiction Center, University of Louisville, Dallas, United States
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Yadav S, Waldeck-Weiermair M, Spyropoulos F, Bronson R, Pandey AK, Das AA, Sisti AC, Covington TA, Thulabandu V, Caplan S, Chutkow W, Steinhorn B, Michel T. Sensory ataxia and cardiac hypertrophy caused by neurovascular oxidative stress in chemogenetic transgenic mouse lines. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3094. [PMID: 37248315 PMCID: PMC10227029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Here we report studies of neurovascular oxidative stress in chemogenetic transgenic mouse lines expressing yeast D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) in neurons and vascular endothelium. When these transgenic mice are fed D-amino acids, DAAO generates hydrogen peroxide in target tissues. DAAO-TGCdh5 transgenic mice express DAAO under control of the putatively endothelial-specific Cdh5 promoter. When we provide these mice with D-alanine, they rapidly develop sensory ataxia caused by oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons within dorsal root ganglia and nodose ganglia innervating the heart. DAAO-TGCdh5 mice also develop cardiac hypertrophy after chronic chemogenetic oxidative stress. This combination of ataxia, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cardiac hypertrophy is similar to findings in patients with Friedreich's ataxia. Our observations indicate that neurovascular oxidative stress is sufficient to cause sensory ataxia and cardiac hypertrophy. Studies of DAAO-TGCdh5 mice could provide mechanistic insights into Friedreich's ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhu Yadav
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Markus Waldeck-Weiermair
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Fotios Spyropoulos
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Roderick Bronson
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Arvind K Pandey
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Apabrita Ayan Das
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alexander C Sisti
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Taylor A Covington
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Venkata Thulabandu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shari Caplan
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - William Chutkow
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Benjamin Steinhorn
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Thomas Michel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Ghatage T, Singh S, Mandal K, Dhar A. MasR and pGCA receptor activation protects primary vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells against oxidative stress via inhibition of intracellular calcium. J Cell Biochem 2023. [PMID: 37210727 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are associated with vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) and endothelial cell (EC) damage. Angiotensin1-7 (Ang1-7) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are responsible for vasodilation and regulation of blood flow. These protective effects of BNP are primarily mediated by the activation of sGCs/cGMP/cGKI pathway. Conversely, Ang1-7 inhibits Angiotensin II-induced contraction and oxidative stress via Mas receptor activation. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of co-activation of MasR and particulate guanylate cyclase receptor (pGCA) pathways by synthesized novel peptide (NP) in oxidative stress-induced VSMCs and ECs. MTT and Griess reagent assay kits were used for the standardization of the oxidative stress (H2 O2 ) induced model in VSMCs. The expression of targeted receptors in VSMC was done by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Protective effect of NP in VSMC and EC was determined by immunocytochemistry, FACS analysis, and Western blot analysis. Underlying mechanisms of EC-dependent VSMC relaxation were done by determining downstream mRNA gene expression and intracellular calcium imaging of cells. Synthesized NP significantly improved oxidative stress-induced injury in VSMCs. Remarkably, the actions of NP were superior to that of the Ang1-7 and BNP alone. Further, a mechanistic study in VSMC and EC suggested the involvement of upstream mediators of calcium inhibition for the therapeutic effect. NP is reported to possess vascular protective activities and is also involved in the improvement of endothelial damage. Moreover, it is highly effective than that of individual peptides BNP and Ang1-7 and therefore it may represent a promising strategy for CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trupti Ghatage
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sameer Singh
- TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kalyaneswar Mandal
- TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arti Dhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Sciences (BITS) Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Mirenayat FS, Hajhashemy Z, Siavash M, Saneei P. Effects of sumac supplementation on metabolic markers in adults with metabolic syndrome: a triple-blinded randomized placebo-controlled cross-over clinical trial. Nutr J 2023; 22:25. [PMID: 37189189 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00854-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the prior evidence of the impacts of sumac on glycemic indices, lipid profile and visceral fat, there is a lack of evidence regarding the efficacy of sumac in cases with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of sumac supplementation on MetS markers among adults with this syndrome. METHODS In this triple-blinded randomized placebo-controlled cross-over clinical trial 47 adults with MetS were randomly assigned to receive 500 mg sumac or placebo (lactose) capsule, twice a day. Each phase took 6 weeks and there was a 2-week washout between phases. All clinical evaluations and laboratory tests were conducted before and after each phase. RESULTS At the baseline of the study, mean (± SD) age, weight, and waist circumference of participants were respectively 58.7 (± 5.8) yr, 79.9 (± 14.3) kg, and 107.6 (± 10.8) cm. Intention to treat analysis (ITT) analyses revealed that sumac supplementation decreased systolic blood pressure by 5 mmHg (128.8 ± 21.4 at the baseline vs. 123.2 ± 17.6 after 6 weeks intervention, P = 0.001). The comparison of changes in two trial arms showed that sumac supplementation significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (sumac group -5.59 ± 10.6 vs. control group 0.76 ± 10.5, P = 0.004), but did not change anthropometric indices or diastolic blood pressure. Similar results were also found in the per-protocol analyses. CONCLUSIONS This cross-over trial revealed that sumac supplementation could reduce systolic blood pressure in men and women with MetS. Daily intake of 1000 mg sumac, as an adjuvant therapy, may be beneficial in management of MetS in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Sadat Mirenayat
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Hajhashemy
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mansour Siavash
- Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
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Al-Oanzi ZH, Alenazy FO, Alhassan HH, Alruwaili Y, Alessa AI, Alfarm NB, Alanazi MO, Alghofaili SI. The Role of Vitamin D in Reducing the Risk of Metabolic Disturbances That Cause Cardiovascular Diseases. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10050209. [PMID: 37233176 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10050209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the most common problems facing public health today is a lack of vitamin D, which plays a role in the physiological processes of chronic illness conditions. Vitamin D deficiency in metabolic disorders has primary effects on osteoporosis, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vitamin D acts as a "co-hormone" in the various tissues of the body, and it has been found that vitamin D receptors (VDR) are present on all cell types, suggesting that vitamin D has a wide range of effects on most cells. Recently, there has been a surge in interest in assessing its roles. Vitamin D insufficiency increases the risk of diabetes because it lowers insulin sensitivity, and also raises the risk of obesity and CVD because of its effect on the body's lipid profile, particularly in terms of the prevalence of dangerously high levels of low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Furthermore, vitamin D insufficiency is often related to CVD and connected risk factors, highlighting the need to know vitamin D's functions in relation to metabolic syndrome and related processes. Through looking at previous studies, this paper explains why vitamin D is important, how deficiency is related to risk factors for metabolic syndrome through different mechanisms, and how deficiency affects CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad H Al-Oanzi
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fawaz O Alenazy
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan H Alhassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Alruwaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz I Alessa
- Department of Pharmacy, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf B Alfarm
- Department of Pharmacy, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha O Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacy, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah I Alghofaili
- Department of Pharmacy, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
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de Mello Barros Pimentel MV, Bertolami A, Fernandes LP, Barroso LP, Castro IA. Could a lipid oxidative biomarker be applied to improve risk stratification in the prevention of cardiovascular disease? Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114345. [PMID: 36753953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is significant evidence demonstrating the influence of oxidative stress on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, oxidative biomarkers have not been applied to follow patients under primary or secondary prevention. Many factors can explain this paradox: the higher complexity of the methods applied to quantify oxidative markers, the high variability observed among the studies, the lack of reference values, and the weak correlation with clinical endpoints. This review presents the role of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in cardiovascular pathophysiology and how they can be neutralized by endogenous and exogenous antioxidants based on classical and recent studies, highlighting the importance of the secondary products of fatty acid oxidation as potential biomarkers. Furthermore, we discuss the great variability of oxidative stress biomarkers, using as an example data obtained from 55 studies. Among the molecules directly formed from lipid oxidation, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and isoprostanes (F2-IsoP), and those associated with general oxidative conditions (ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH)), MDA was the most lipid biomarker evaluated in the treatments and proved to be an independent factor compared with traditional markers used in the algorithms to stratify the patient's risk. Finally, this review suggests four steps to follow, aiming to include MDA in the algorithms applied to estimate CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Bertolami
- Dyslipidemia Medical Section, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lígia Prestes Fernandes
- LADAF, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Pereira Barroso
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Inar Alves Castro
- LADAF, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC), CEPID-FAPESP, Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers São Paulo Research Foundation, São Paulo 05468-140, Brazil.
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40
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Taguchi K, Okudaira K, Matsumoto T, Kobayashi T. Ginkgolide B caused the activation of the Akt/eNOS pathway through the antioxidant effect of SOD1 in the diabetic aorta. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:453-463. [PMID: 36715760 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02790-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) helps lower cardiovascular disease risk. Diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced endothelial dysfunction is a critical and initiating factor in the beginning of diabetic vascular complications. It was reported that GBE causes an endothelial-dependent relaxation. This study was designed to figure out the molecular basis on which GBE protects from endothelial dysfunction in diabetes because the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Studies were performed in a normal control group and streptozotocin/nicotinamide-induced DM group. In aortas, notably diabetic aortas, GBE, and ginkgolide B (GB), a constituent of GBE, produced a dose-dependent relaxation. The relaxation by GB was abolished by prior incubation with L-NNA (an endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor), LY294002 (a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor), and Akt inhibitor, confirming the essential role of PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. We also demonstrated that GB induced the phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS in aortas. The superoxide dismutase1 (SOD1) expression level decreased in DM aortas, but GB stimulation increased SOD activity and SOD1 expression in DM aortas. Our novel findings suggest that in DM aortas, endothelial-dependent relaxation induced by GB was mediated by activation of SOD1, resulting in activation of the Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kanami Okudaira
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan.
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Osman AG, Avula B, Katragunta K, Ali Z, Chittiboyina AG, Khan IA. Elderberry Extracts: Characterization of the Polyphenolic Chemical Composition, Quality Consistency, Safety, Adulteration, and Attenuation of Oxidative Stress- and Inflammation-Induced Health Disorders. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073148. [PMID: 37049909 PMCID: PMC10096080 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Elderberry is highly reputed for its health-improving effects. Multiple pieces of evidence indicate that the consumption of berries is linked to enhancing human health and preventing or delaying the onset of chronic medical conditions. Compared with other fruit, elderberry is a very rich source of anthocyanins (approximately 80% of the polyphenol content). These polyphenols are the principals that essentially contribute to the high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities and the health benefits of elderberry fruit extract. These health effects include attenuation of cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory disorders, as well as anti-diabetic, anticancer, antiviral, and immuno-stimulatory effects. Sales of elderberry supplements skyrocketed to $320 million over the year 2020, according to an American Botanical Council (ABC) report, which is attributable to the purported immune-enhancing effects of elderberry. In the current review, the chemical composition of the polyphenolic content of the European elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and the American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), as well as the analytical techniques employed to analyze, characterize, and ascertain the chemical consistency will be addressed. Further, the factors that influence the consistency of the polyphenolic chemical composition, and hence, the consistency of the health benefits of elderberry extracts will be presented. Additionally, adulteration and safety as factors contributing to consistency will be covered. The role of elderberry in enhancing human health alone with the pharmacological basis, the cellular pathways, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed health benefits of elderberry fruit extracts will be also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed G. Osman
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Bharathi Avula
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Kumar Katragunta
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Zulfiqar Ali
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Amar G. Chittiboyina
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Ikhlas A. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Ahmed IU, Byrne HM, Myerscough MR. Macrophage Anti-inflammatory Behaviour in a Multiphase Model of Atherosclerotic Plaque Development. Bull Math Biol 2023; 85:37. [PMID: 36991234 PMCID: PMC10060284 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-023-01142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease characterised by the formation of plaques, which are deposits of lipids and cholesterol-laden macrophages that form in the artery wall. The inflammation is often non-resolving, due in large part to changes in normal macrophage anti-inflammatory behaviour that are induced by the toxic plaque microenvironment. These changes include higher death rates, defective efferocytic uptake of dead cells, and reduced rates of emigration. We develop a free boundary multiphase model for early atherosclerotic plaques, and we use it to investigate the effects of impaired macrophage anti-inflammatory behaviour on plaque structure and growth. We find that high rates of cell death relative to efferocytic uptake results in a plaque populated mostly by dead cells. We also find that emigration can potentially slow or halt plaque growth by allowing material to exit the plaque, but this is contingent on the availability of live macrophage foam cells in the deep plaque. Finally, we introduce an additional bead species to model macrophage tagging via microspheres, and we use the extended model to explore how high rates of cell death and low rates of efferocytosis and emigration prevent the clearance of macrophages from the plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishraq U Ahmed
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Helen M Byrne
- Wolfson Centre for Mathematical Biology, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mary R Myerscough
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Grassi D, Mai F, De Feo M, Barnabei R, Carducci A, Desideri G, Necozione S, Allegaert L, Bernaert H, Ferri C. Cocoa Consumption Decreases Oxidative Stress, Proinflammatory Mediators and Lipid Peroxidation in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Dose-Response Clinical Trial. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2023; 30:219-225. [PMID: 36976481 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-023-00571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cocoa flavonoids have been described to reduce the cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, the involved mechanisms should be clarified and the dose-effect relation has never been evaluated. AIM To investigate the dose-dependent effects of cocoa flavonoids on markers of endothelial and platelet activation and oxidative stress. METHODS According to a randomized, double-blind, controlled, cross-over design, 20 healthy nonsmokers were assigned to receive either five treatments with daily intake of 10 g cocoa (0, 80, 200, 500 and 800 mg cocoa flavonoids/day) in five periods lasting 1 week each. RESULTS Compared with flavonoid-free cocoa control, cocoa reduced sICAM-1 mean values [from 1190.2 to 1123.0; 906.3; 741.7 and 625.6 pg/mL (p = 0.0198 and p = 0.0016, for 500 and 800 mg respectively], sCD40L mean values [from 218.8 to 210.2; 165.5; 134.5 and 128.4 pg/mL (p = 0.023 and p = 0.013, for 500 and 800 mg respectively] and 8-isoprostanes F2 mean values [from 4703.9 to 4670.7; 2000.1; 2098.4 and 2052.3 pg/mL (p = 0.025; p = 0.034 and p = 0.029, for 200, 500 and 800 mg respectively)]. CONCLUSIONS In our study we observed that short-term cocoa consumption improved proinflammatory mediators, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress with a significant effect for higher dosages of flavonoids. Our findings suggest cocoa might be a valid tool for dietary intervention in prevention of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Grassi
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences Via Pompeo Spennati, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Francesca Mai
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences Via Pompeo Spennati, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Martina De Feo
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences Via Pompeo Spennati, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Remo Barnabei
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences Via Pompeo Spennati, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Augusto Carducci
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences Via Pompeo Spennati, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovambattista Desideri
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences Via Pompeo Spennati, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Necozione
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences Via Pompeo Spennati, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudio Ferri
- Department of Life, Health, and Environmental Sciences Via Pompeo Spennati, University of L'Aquila, Viale S Salvatore, Delta 6 Medicina, 67100, L'Aquila, Italy
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Bali AD, Rosenzveig A, Frishman WH, Aronow WS. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: Causation or Association. Cardiol Rev 2023; Publish Ahead of Print:e000537. [PMID: 36825899 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease process that is gaining increasing recognition. The global prevalence of NAFLD is increasing in parallel with growing rates of risk factors for NAFLD such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD has been referred to as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). As CVD is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, there are constant efforts to describe and alleviate its risk factors. Although there is conflicting data supporting NAFLD as a causative or associative factor for CVD, NAFLD has been shown to be associated with structural, electrical, and atherosclerotic disease processes of the heart. Shared risk factors and pathophysiologic mechanisms between NAFLD and CVD warrant further explication. Pathologic mechanisms such as endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, genetic underpinnings, and gut microbiota dysregulation have been described in both CVD and NAFLD. The mainstay of treatment for NAFLD is lifestyle intervention including physical exercise and hypocaloric intake in addition to bariatric surgery. Investigations into various therapeutic targets to alleviate hepatic steatosis and fibrosis by way of maintaining the balance between lipid synthesis and breakdown. A major obstacle preventing the success of many pharmacologic approaches has been the effects of these medications on CVD risk. The future of pharmacologic treatment of NAFLD is promising as effective medications with limited CVD harm are being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul D Bali
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | | | - William H Frishman
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
| | - Wilbert S Aronow
- From the Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
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Dludla PV, Ziqubu K, Mabhida SE, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Hanser S, Nkambule BB, Basson AK, Pheiffer C, Tiano L, Kengne AP. Dietary Supplements Potentially Target Plasma Glutathione Levels to Improve Cardiometabolic Health in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2023; 15:944. [PMID: 36839303 PMCID: PMC9966974 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the leading cause of death in people with diabetes mellitus. Severely suppressed intracellular antioxidant defenses, including low plasma glutathione (GSH) levels, are consistently linked with the pathological features of diabetes such as oxidative stress and inflammation. In fact, it has already been established that low plasma GSH levels are associated with increased risk of CVD in people with diabetes. Dietary supplements are widely used and may offer therapeutic benefits for people with diabetes at an increased risk of developing CVDs. However, such information remains to be thoroughly scrutinized. Hence, the current systematic review explored prominent search engines, including PubMed and Google Scholar, for updated literature from randomized clinical trials reporting on the effects of dietary supplements on plasma GSH levels in people with diabetes. Available evidence indicates that dietary supplements, such as coenzyme Q10, selenium, curcumin, omega-3 fatty acids, and vitamin E or D, may potentially improve cardiometabolic health in patients with diabetes. Such beneficial effects are related to enhancing plasma GSH levels and reducing cholesterol, including biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. However, available evidence is very limited and additional clinical studies are still required to validate these findings, including resolving issues related to the bioavailability of these bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mmabatho 2745, South Africa
| | - Sihle E. Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | | | - Sidney Hanser
- Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Bongani B. Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Albertus K. Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Carmen Pheiffer
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Centre for Cardio-Metabolic Research in Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, University of Stellenbosch, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - André P. Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
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Lower range of serum uric acid level increases risk of rapid decline of kidney function in young and middle-aged adults: the Yuport Medical Checkup Center Study. Clin Exp Nephrol 2023; 27:435-444. [PMID: 36773175 PMCID: PMC10104940 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of low serum uric acid (sUA) levels on kidney function is unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between low sUA levels and the rapid decline in kidney function. METHODS We examined the relationship between sUA levels and kidney function decline in health check-up examinees. A total of 10,547 participants were enrolled using data from the Yuport Medical Checkup Center Study between 1998 and 2002 for baseline and data from 2002 to 2006 as the follow-up period in Japan. According to sUA level (mg/dL), we classified the participants into the following six groups: (1) 2.0-2.9 (n = 247), (2) 3.0-3.9 (n = 1457), (3) 4.0-4.9 (n = 2883), (4) 5.0-5.9 (n = 2899), (5) 6.0-6.9 (n = 2010), and (6) 7.0-7.9 (n = 1,051). The relationship between sUA level and rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (ΔeGFR ≥ 3 mL/min/1.73 m2/year) was examined using a logistic regression model. RESULTS During study period (5.4 ± 1.6 years), the incidence of rapid eGFR decline for the respective sUA groups (2.0-2.9, 3.0-3.9, 4.0-4.9, 5.0-5.9, 6.0-6.9, 7.0-7.9) were as follows: 4.5%, 4.0%, 2.4%, 3.3%, 3.1%, 3.4%. The crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for rapid eGFR decline were significantly higher in the 2.0-2.9 (OR:1.93 and 1.86) and 3.0-3.9 (OR:1.72 and 1.73) groups than in the 4.0-4.9 groups (reference). Stratified analysis of age differences revealed that the detrimental effect of low sUA was not evident in older adults (age ≥ 65 years). CONCLUSION A lower normal sUA level is related to an increased risk for a rapid decline in kidney function.
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Ivaldo C, Passalacqua M, Furfaro AL, d’Abramo C, Ruiz S, Chatterjee PK, Metz CN, Nitti M, Marambaud P. Oxidative stress-induced MMP- and γ-secretase-dependent VE-cadherin processing is modulated by the proteasome and BMP9/10. Sci Rep 2023; 13:597. [PMID: 36631513 PMCID: PMC9834263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical cadherins, including vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, are targeted by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and γ-secretase during adherens junction (AJ) disassembly, a mechanism that might have relevance for endothelial cell (EC) integrity and vascular homeostasis. Here, we show that oxidative stress triggered by H2O2 exposure induced efficient VE-cadherin proteolysis by MMPs and γ-secretase in human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cytoplasmic domain of VE-cadherin produced by γ-secretase, VE-Cad/CTF2-a fragment that has eluded identification so far-could readily be detected after H2O2 treatment. VE-Cad/CTF2, released into the cytosol, was tightly regulated by proteasomal degradation and was sequentially produced from an ADAM10/17-generated C-terminal fragment, VE-Cad/CTF1. Interestingly, BMP9 and BMP10, two circulating ligands critically involved in vascular maintenance, significantly reduced VE-Cad/CTF2 levels during H2O2 challenge, as well as mitigated H2O2-mediated actin cytoskeleton disassembly during VE-cadherin processing. Notably, BMP9/10 pretreatments efficiently reduced apoptosis induced by H2O2, favoring endothelial cell recovery. Thus, oxidative stress is a trigger of MMP- and γ-secretase-mediated endoproteolysis of VE-cadherin and AJ disassembly from the cytoskeleton in ECs, a mechanism that is negatively controlled by the EC quiescence factors, BMP9 and BMP10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Ivaldo
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B.Alberti 2, I-16132 Genova, Italy ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Mario Passalacqua
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B.Alberti 2, I-16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Furfaro
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B.Alberti 2, I-16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Cristina d’Abramo
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Santiago Ruiz
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Prodyot K. Chatterjee
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA
| | - Christine N. Metz
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA ,grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York USA
| | - Mariapaola Nitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Via L.B.Alberti 2, I-16132, Genova, Italy.
| | - Philippe Marambaud
- grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Litwin-Zucker Alzheimer’s Research Center, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA ,grid.250903.d0000 0000 9566 0634Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York USA ,grid.512756.20000 0004 0370 4759Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York USA
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48
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Ibarrola J, Lu Q, Zennaro MC, Jaffe IZ. Mechanism by Which Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induce Mineralocorticoid Receptor Gene Expression in Aging Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Hypertension 2023; 80:111-124. [PMID: 36337050 PMCID: PMC9742321 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular MR (mineralocorticoid receptor) expression increases with age driving aging-associated vascular stiffness and hypertension. MR has two isoforms (1α and 1β) with distinct 5'-untranslated and promoter sequences (P1 and P2), but the gene regulatory mechanisms remain unknown. We investigated mechanisms driving MR gene transcriptional regulation in aging human smooth muscle cells (SMC). METHODS MR was quantified in aortic tissue and primary human aortic SMC (HASMC) comparing adult and aged donors and adult HASMC treated with H2O2, to induce aging. Predicted transcription factor (TF) binding sites in the MR gene were validated using chromatin immunoprecipitations and reporter assays. The impact of TF inhibitors on MR isoforms and fibrosis target gene expression was examined. RESULTS Expression of both MR mRNA isoforms increased with donor age or H2O2 treatment in HASMCs. HIF1α (hypoxia-inducible factor) and the inflammatory TF NFκB (nuclear factor kappa B) both increased with age in HASMCs and are predicted to bind MR promoters. H2O2 induced HIF1α and NFκB expression and DNA binding of HIF1α to the MR P1 promoter and of NFκB to both MR promoters in HASMCs. HIF1α inhibition decreased MR-1α isoform expression while NFκB inhibition decreased both MR isoforms. HIF1α, NFκB, and MR inhibition decreased the expression of a SMC-MR target gene implicated in vascular fibrosis. In human aortic tissues, expression of HIF1α and NFκB each positively correlated with donor age and MR expression (P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These data implicate the inflammatory TF, NFκB, and oxidative stress-induced TF, HIF1α, in regulating SMC MR transcription in aging HASMCs, which drives aging-related vascular stiffness and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ibarrola
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Qing Lu
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | | | - Iris Z. Jaffe
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
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49
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Role of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Regulation of NOX-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010067. [PMID: 36670929 PMCID: PMC9854495 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of NADPH oxidases (NOX) and the ensuing formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a vital aspect of antimicrobial defense but may also promote tumorigenesis. Enhanced NOX activity has been associated with aberrant activation of oncogenic cascades such as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway, which is upregulated in several malignancies. In this review, we examine the role of PI3K on the regulation of NOX-induced ROS formation in cancer.
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50
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Kubota M, Zhang BS, Li SY, Yoshida Y, Wang H, Adachi A, Matsutani T, Mine S, Machida T, Kamitsukasa I, Wada T, Aotsuka A, Kitamura K, Takizawa H, Kuroda H, Iwadate Y, Hiwasa T. Serum anti‑TSTD2 antibody as a biomarker for atherosclerosis‑induced ischemic stroke and chronic kidney disease. MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2022; 3:4. [PMID: 36699658 PMCID: PMC9829233 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2022.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies can be used in the early diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis-related diseases. Using ProtoArray® screening of samples from patients with atherosclerosis, the present study identified thiosulfate sulfurtransferase-like domain-containing 2 (TSTD2) as a novel atherosclerosis antigen. The serum TSTD2 antibody levels were then quantified using an amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay. This demonstrated the levels of TSTD2 antibodies (TSTD2-Abs) to be significantly higher in patients with acute cerebral infarction or chronic kidney disease than in healthy donors. The TSTD2-Ab levels were also found to be higher in males, older adults, smokers, in those who consumed alcohol regularly, and in those with hypertension. Furthermore, Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed TSTD2-Ab levels to be strongly associated with measures of atherosclerosis severity, including plaque scores, intima-media thickness of the carotid artery and the cardio-ankle vascular index. Thus, TSTD2-Abs may thus be a promising novel biomarker for atherosclerosis-related cerebral infarction and kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Kubota
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Bo-Shi Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shu-Yang Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan,Department of Anesthesiology, Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and Health Science Center, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Akihiko Adachi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tomoo Matsutani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Mine
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan,Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Prefectural Sawara Hospital, Chiba 287-0003, Japan,Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba 290-0512, Japan
| | - Toshio Machida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan,Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba 290-0512, Japan,Department of Neurosurgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba 283-8686, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kamitsukasa
- Department of Neurology, Chiba Rosai Hospital, Chiba 290-0003, Japan,Department of Neurology, Chibaken Saiseikai Narashino Hospital, Chiba 275-8580, Japan
| | - Takeshi Wada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital, Chiba 260-0852, Japan
| | - Akiyo Aotsuka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiba Aoba Municipal Hospital, Chiba 260-0852, Japan
| | | | - Hirotaka Takizawa
- Port Square Kashiwado Clinic, Kashiwado Memorial Foundation, Chiba 260-0025, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kuroda
- Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama 340-0203, Japan
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan,Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan,Correspondence to: Professor Takaki Hiwasa, Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan NULL
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