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Xiao W, Lee LY, Loscalzo J. Metabolic Responses to Redox Stress in Vascular Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024. [PMID: 38985660 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Significance: Redox stress underlies numerous vascular disease mechanisms. Metabolic adaptability is essential for vascular cells to preserve energy and redox homeostasis. Recent Advances: Single-cell technologies and multiomic studies demonstrate significant metabolic heterogeneity among vascular cells in health and disease. Increasing evidence shows that reductive or oxidative stress can induce metabolic reprogramming of vascular cells. A recent example is intracellular L-2-hydroxyglutarate accumulation in response to hypoxic reductive stress, which attenuates the glucose flux through glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration in pulmonary vascular cells and provides protection against further reductive stress. Critical Issues: Regulation of cellular redox homeostasis is highly compartmentalized and complex. Vascular cells rely on multiple metabolic pathways, but the precise connectivity among these pathways and their regulatory mechanisms is only partially defined. There is also a critical need to understand better the cross-regulatory mechanisms between the redox system and metabolic pathways as perturbations in either systems or their cross talk can be detrimental. Future Directions: Future studies are needed to define further how multiple metabolic pathways are wired in vascular cells individually and as a network of closely intertwined processes given that a perturbation in one metabolic compartment often affects others. There also needs to be a comprehensive understanding of how different types of redox perturbations are sensed by and regulate different cellular metabolic pathways with specific attention to subcellular compartmentalization. Lastly, integration of dynamic changes occurring in multiple metabolic pathways and their cross talk with the redox system is an important goal in this multiomics era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wusheng Xiao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Laurel Y Lee
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Steinmetz EL, Scherer A, Calvet C, Müller U. Orthologs of NOX5 and EC-SOD/SOD3: dNox and dSod3 Impact Egg Hardening Process and Egg Laying in Reproductive Function of Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6138. [PMID: 38892326 PMCID: PMC11173305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of ovarian dysfunction is often due to the imbalance between the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ineffectiveness of the antioxidative defense mechanisms. Primary sources of ROS are respiratory electron transfer and the activity of NADPH oxidases (NOX) while superoxide dismutases (SOD) are the main key regulators that control the levels of ROS and reactive nitrogen species intra- and extracellularly. Because of their central role SODs are the subject of research on human ovarian dysfunction but sample acquisition is low. The high degree of cellular and molecular similarity between Drosophila melanogaster ovaries and human ovaries provides this model organism with the best conditions for analyzing the role of ROS during ovarian function. In this study we clarify the localization of the ROS-producing enzyme dNox within the ovaries of Drosophila melanogaster and by a tissue-specific knockdown we show that dNox-derived ROS are involved in the chorion hardening process. Furthermore, we analyze the dSod3 localization and show that reduced activity of dSod3 impacts egg-laying behavior but not the chorion hardening process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Louise Steinmetz
- Zoology & Physiology, ZHMB (Center of Human and Molecular Biology), Saarland University, Building B2.1, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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3
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Chidambaram SB, Anand N, Varma SR, Ramamurthy S, Vichitra C, Sharma A, Mahalakshmi AM, Essa MM. Superoxide dismutase and neurological disorders. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:373-394. [PMID: 39007083 PMCID: PMC11240301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a common antioxidant enzyme found majorly in living cells. The main physiological role of SOD is detoxification and maintain the redox balance, acts as a first line of defence against Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), Reactive oxygen species (ROS), and other such potentially hazardous molecules. SOD catalyses the conversion of superoxide anion free radicals (O 2 -.) into molecular oxygen (O 2) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) in the cells. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are expressed in neurons and glial cells throughout the CNS both intracellularly and extracellularly. Endogenous oxidative stress (OS) linked with enlarged production of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), inflammation, deregulation of redox balance, mitochondrial dysfunction and bioenergetic crisis are found to be prerequisite for neuronal loss in neurological diseases. Clinical and genetic studies indicate a direct correlation between mutations in SOD gene and neurodegenerative diseases, like Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Therefore, inhibitors of OS are considered as an optimistic approach to prevent neuronal loss. SOD mimetics like Metalloporphyrin Mn (II)-cyclic polyamines, Nitroxides and Mn (III)- Salen complexes are designed and used as therapeutic extensively in the treatment of neurological disorders. SODs and SOD mimetics are promising future therapeutics in the field of various diseases with OS-mediated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Nikhilesh Anand
- Department of Pharmacology, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, University Park, Jabberwock Beach Road, Antigua, Antigua and Barbuda
| | - Sudhir Rama Varma
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, 346 Ajman, the United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, 346 Ajman, the United Arab Emirates
| | - Srinivasan Ramamurthy
- College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology of Fujairah, 2202 Fujairah, the United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandrasekaran Vichitra
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Ambika Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Arehally M Mahalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
- Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Central Animal Facility, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
- Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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4
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Pinilla-González V, Montecinos-Barrientos B, Martin-Kommer C, Chichiarelli S, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Exploring antioxidant strategies in the pathogenesis of ALS. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220842. [PMID: 38585631 PMCID: PMC10997151 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system is essential for maintaining homeostasis and controlling the body's physiological functions. However, its biochemical characteristics make it highly vulnerable to oxidative damage, which is a common factor in neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS is a leading cause of motor neuron disease, characterized by a rapidly progressing and incurable condition. ALS often results in death from respiratory failure within 3-5 years from the onset of the first symptoms, underscoring the urgent need to address this medical challenge. The aim of this study is to present available data supporting the role of oxidative stress in the mechanisms underlying ALS and to discuss potential antioxidant therapies currently in development. These therapies aim to improve the quality of life and life expectancy for patients affected by this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Pinilla-González
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago8380000, Chile
| | | | - Clemente Martin-Kommer
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago8380000, Chile
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi-Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185Rome, Italy
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago8380000, Chile
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5
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Choi H, Miller MR, Nguyen HN, Surratt VE, Koch SR, Stark RJ, Lamb FS. Extracellular SOD modulates canonical TNFα signaling and α5β1 integrin transactivation in vascular smooth muscle cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:152-164. [PMID: 37852546 PMCID: PMC10841345 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.10.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
TNFα activates NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The extracellular superoxide anion (O2•-) produced is essential for the pro-inflammatory effects of the cytokine but the specific contributions of O2•- to signal transduction remain obscure. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD, SOD3 gene) is a secreted protein that binds to cell surface heparin sulfate proteoglycans or to Fibulin-5 (Fib-5, FBLN5 gene), an extracellular matrix protein that also associates with elastin and integrins. ecSOD converts O2•- to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) which prevents NO• inactivation, limits generation of hydroxyl radical (OH•), and creates high local concentrations of H2O2. We hypothesized that ecSOD modifies TNFα signaling in VSMCs. Knockdown of ecSOD (siSOD3) suppressed downstream TNFα signals including MAPK (JNK and ERK phosphorylation) and NF-κB activation (luciferase reporter and IκB phosphorylation), interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion, iNOS and VCAM expression, and proliferation (Sulforhodamine B assay, PCNA western blot). These effects were associated with significant reductions in the expression of both Type1 and 2 TNFα receptors. Reduced Fib-5 expression (siFBLN5) similarly impaired NF-κB activation by TNFα, but potentiated FAK phosphorylation at Y925. siSOD3 also increased both resting and TNFα-induced phosphorylation of FAK and of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), a downstream target of integrin linked kinase (ILK). These effects were dependent upon α5β1 integrins and siSOD3 increased resting sulfenylation (oxidation) of both integrin subunits, while preventing TNFα-induced increases in sulfenylation. To determine how ecSOD modified TNFα-induced inflammation in intact blood vessels, mesenteric arteries from VSMC-specific ecSOD knockout (KO) mice were exposed to TNFα (10 ng/ml) in culture for 48 h. Relaxation to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside was impaired in WT but not ecSOD KO vessels. Thus, ecSOD association with Fib-5 supports pro-inflammatory TNFα signaling while tonically inhibiting α5β1 integrin activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyehun Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Michael R Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Hong-Ngan Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Victoria E Surratt
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Stephen R Koch
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Ryan J Stark
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Fred S Lamb
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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Inhibition of the Cell Uptake of Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Pseudoviruses by N-Acetylcysteine Irrespective of the Oxidoreductive Environment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203313. [PMID: 36291178 PMCID: PMC9599975 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of SARS-CoV-2 spikes to the cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a crucial target both in the prevention and in the therapy of COVID-19. We explored the involvement of oxidoreductive mechanisms by investigating the effects of oxidants and antioxidants on virus uptake by ACE2-expressing cells of human origin (ACE2-HEK293). The cell uptake of pseudoviruses carrying the envelope of either Delta or Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated by means of a cytofluorimetric approach. The thiol N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) inhibited the uptake of both variants in a reproducible and dose-dependent fashion. Ascorbic acid showed modest effects. In contrast, neither hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) nor a system-generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which play an important role in the intracellular alterations produced by SARS-CoV-2, were able to affect the ability of either Delta or Omicron SARS-CoV-2 pseudoviruses to be internalized into ACE2-expressing cells. In addition, neither H2O2 nor the ROS generating system interfered with the ability of NAC to inhibit that mechanism. Moreover, based on previous studies, a preventive pharmacological approach with NAC would have the advantage of decreasing the risk of developing COVID-19, irrespective of its variants, and at the same time other respiratory viral infections and associated comorbidities.
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How Aging and Oxidative Stress Influence the Cytopathic and Inflammatory Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The Role of Cellular Glutathione and Cysteine Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071366. [PMID: 35883857 PMCID: PMC9311797 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause a severe respiratory distress syndrome with inflammatory and thrombotic complications, the severity of which increases with patients’ age and presence of comorbidity. The reasons for an age-dependent increase in the risk of severe COVID-19 could be many. These include defects in the homeostatic processes that control the cellular redox and its pivotal role in sustaining the immuno-inflammatory response to the host and the protection against oxidative stress and tissue degeneration. Pathogens may take advantage of such age-dependent abnormalities. Alterations of the thiol redox balance in the lung tissue and lining fluids may influence the risk of infection, and the host capability to respond to pathogens and to avoid severe complications. SARS-CoV-2, likewise other viruses, such as HIV, influenza, and HSV, benefits in its replication cycle of pro-oxidant conditions that the same viral infection seems to induce in the host cell with mechanisms that remain poorly understood. We recently demonstrated that the pro-oxidant effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection are associated with changes in the cellular metabolism and transmembrane fluxes of Cys and GSH. These appear to be the consequence of an increased use of Cys in viral protein synthesis and to ER stress pathway activation that interfere with transcription factors, as Nrf2 and NFkB, important to coordinate the metabolism of GSH with other aspects of the stress response and with the pro-inflammatory effects of this virus in the host cell. This narrative review article describes these cellular and molecular aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the role that antivirals and cytoprotective agents such as N-acetyl cysteine may have to limit the cytopathic effects of this virus and to recover tissue homeostasis after infection.
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Superoxide Radicals in the Execution of Cell Death. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030501. [PMID: 35326151 PMCID: PMC8944419 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide is a primary oxygen radical that is produced when an oxygen molecule receives one electron. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays a primary role in the cellular defense against an oxidative insult by ROS. However, the resulting hydrogen peroxide is still reactive and, in the presence of free ferrous iron, may produce hydroxyl radicals and exacerbate diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are the preferred target of hydroxyl radicals. Ferroptosis, a type of necrotic cell death induced by lipid peroxides in the presence of free iron, has attracted considerable interest because of its role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Radical electrons, namely those released from mitochondrial electron transfer complexes, and those produced by enzymatic reactions, such as lipoxygenases, appear to cause lipid peroxidation. While GPX4 is the most potent anti-ferroptotic enzyme that is known to reduce lipid peroxides to alcohols, other antioxidative enzymes are also indirectly involved in protection against ferroptosis. Moreover, several low molecular weight compounds that include α-tocopherol, ascorbate, and nitric oxide also efficiently neutralize radical electrons, thereby suppressing ferroptosis. The removal of radical electrons in the early stages is of primary importance in protecting against ferroptosis and other diseases that are related to oxidative stress.
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ROS as Regulators of Cellular Processes in Melanoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:1208690. [PMID: 34725562 PMCID: PMC8557056 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1208690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we examine the multiple roles of ROS in the pathogenesis of melanoma, focusing on signal transduction and regulation of gene expression. In recent years, different studies have analyzed the dual role of ROS in regulating the redox system, with both negative and positive consequences on human health, depending on cell concentration of these agents. High ROS levels can result from an altered balance between oxidant generation and intracellular antioxidant activity and can produce harmful effects. In contrast, low amounts of ROS are considered beneficial, since they trigger signaling pathways involved in physiological activities and programmed cell death, with protective effects against melanoma. Here, we examine these beneficial roles, which could have interesting implications in melanoma treatment.
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Hwang DB, Cha MH, Won DH, Shin YS, Kim SY, Kim C, Lee EJ, Kim YY, Yun JW. Transcriptomic analysis of rat kidney reveals a potential mechanism of sex differences in susceptibility to cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 174:100-109. [PMID: 34384867 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although cisplatin is an effective platinum-based anticancer drug against solid cancer, its availability is limited owing to its adverse side effects. Our study aimed to identify the potential relationship within cisplatin-induced multi-organ physiological changes and genetic factors associated with sex differences in nephrotoxicity susceptibility. To investigate this, mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin. Cisplatin administration resulted in renal dysfunction, as evidenced by the elevation in serum biomarkers of renal damage (blood urea nitrogen and creatinine) and the degree of histopathological alterations. In particular, along with testicular damage and low testosterone levels, we also observed a decrease in male-specific (CYP3A2) or male-dominant (CYP2B1 and CYP3A1) CYP isoforms in the livers of rats with hepatotoxicity following cisplatin treatment, which may be associated with an imbalance in male hormone regulation caused by renal and testicular injury. Notably, we found that male rats were more susceptible to cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, as characterized by histopathological and biochemical analyses. Therefore, RNA sequencing was performed at baseline (pre-treatment) and at 48 h following cisplatin administration (post-treatment) to identify the genes associated with sex differences in nephrotoxicity susceptibility. Gap junctions, which play a role in replenishing damaged cells to maintain tissue homeostasis, and mismatch repair associated with a pathological apoptotic mechanism against cisplatin nephrotoxicity were significantly enriched only in males following cisplatin treatment. Moreover, among the 322 DEGs showing different basal expression patterns between males and females before cisplatin treatment, the male expressed high levels of genes, which are responsible for transmembrane transport and regulation of apoptotic process, pre-cisplatin treatment; additionally, genes involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the oxidation-reduction process were significantly lower in males before cisplatin treatment. Collectively, our comprehensive findings provided valuable insight into the potential mechanisms of sex differences in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Bin Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea
| | - Min Ho Cha
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Won
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Sub Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea
| | - Shin-Young Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea
| | - Changuk Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- KM Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - Yoon Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jun-Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea; Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, 14662, South Korea.
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11
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Dal Ferro M, Bussani R, Paldino A, Nuzzi V, Collesi C, Zentilin L, Schneider E, Correa R, Silvestri F, Zacchigna S, Giacca M, Metra M, Merlo M, Sinagra G. SARS-CoV-2, myocardial injury and inflammation: insights from a large clinical and autopsy study. Clin Res Cardiol 2021; 110:1822-1831. [PMID: 34282465 PMCID: PMC8288413 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-021-01910-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective Despite growing evidence about myocardial injury in hospitalized COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, the mechanism behind this injury is only poorly understood and little is known about its association with SARS-CoV-2-mediated myocarditis. Furthermore, definite evidence of the presence and role of SARS-CoV-2 in cardiomyocytes in the clinical scenario is still lacking. Methods We histologically characterized myocardial tissue of 40 patients deceased with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first wave of the pandemic. Clinical data were also recorded and analyzed. In case of findings supportive of myocardial inflammation, histological analysis was complemented by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry for SARS-CoV-2 viral antigens and in situ RNA hybridization for the detection of viral genomes. Results Both chronic and acute myocardial damage was invariably present, correlating with the age and comorbidities of our population. Myocarditis of overt entity was found in one case (2.5%). SARS-CoV-2 genome was not found in the cardiomyocytes of the patient with myocarditis, while it was focally and negligibly present in cardiomyocytes of patients with known viral persistence in the lungs and no signs of myocardial inflammation. The presence of myocardial injury was not associated with myocardial inflammatory infiltrates. Conclusions In this autopsy cohort of COVID-19 patients, myocarditis is rarely found and not associated with SARS-CoV-2 presence in cardiomyocytes. Chronic and acute forms of myocardial damage are constantly found and correlate with the severity of COVID-19 disease and pre-existing comorbidities. Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00392-021-01910-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Dal Ferro
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34123, Trieste, Italy. .,International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.
| | - Rossana Bussani
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessia Paldino
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34123, Trieste, Italy.,International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nuzzi
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34123, Trieste, Italy
| | - Chiara Collesi
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Lorena Zentilin
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Edoardo Schneider
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ricardo Correa
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Furio Silvestri
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Giacca
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.,School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Marco Metra
- CardiologyASST Spedali Civili di Brescia and Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Merlo
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34123, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Sinagra
- Cardiothoracovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina (ASUGI), University of Trieste, Via Valdoni 7, 34123, Trieste, Italy
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12
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Giustarini D, Santucci A, Bartolini D, Galli F, Rossi R. The age-dependent decline of the extracellular thiol-disulfide balance and its role in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101902. [PMID: 33662873 PMCID: PMC7889000 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection can cause a severe respiratory distress syndrome. The risk of severe manifestations and mortality characteristically increase in the elderly and in the presence of non-COVID-19 comorbidity. We and others previously demonstrated that the low molecular weight (LMW) and protein thiol/disulfide ratio declines in human plasma with age and such decline is even more rapid in the case of inflammatory and premature aging diseases, which are also associated with the most severe complications of COVID-19 infection. The same decline with age of the LMW thiol/disulfide ratio observed in plasma appears to occur in the extracellular fluids of the respiratory tract and in association with many pulmonary diseases that characteristically reduce the concentrations and adaptive stress response of the lung glutathione. Early evidence in literature suggests that the thiol to disulfide balance of critical Cys residues of the COVID-19 spike protein and the ACE-2 receptor may influence the risk of infection and the severity of the disease, with a more oxidizing environment producing the worst prognosis. With this hypothesis paper we propose that the age-dependent decline of LMW thiol/disulfide ratio of the extracellular fluids, could play a role in promoting the physical (protein-protein) interaction of CoV-2 and the host cell in the airways. Therefore, this redox-dependent interaction is expected to affect the risk of severe infection in an age-dependent manner. The hypothesis can be verified in experimental models of in vitro CoV-2 infection and at the clinical level in that LMW thiols and protein thiolation can now be investigated with standardized, reliable and versatile laboratory protocols. Presenting the verification strategy of our hypothesis, we also discuss available nutritional and ancillary pharmacological strategies to intervene on the thiol/disulfide ratio of extracellular fluids of subjects at risk of infection and COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giustarini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Del Giochetto 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Del Giochetto 06126, Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Via A Moro 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
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13
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Gao T, Hou M, Zhang B, Pan X, Liu C, Sun C, Jia M, Lin S, Xiong K, Ma A. Effects of cranberry beverages on oxidative stress and gut microbiota in subjects with Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Food Funct 2021; 12:6878-6888. [PMID: 34126630 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00467k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori-induced oxidative stress plays an important role in gastric diseases. H. pylori disturbs gut microbiota. The objective is to investigate the effects of cranberry beverages on oxidative stress biomarkers and gut microbiota in H. pylori positive subjects. 171 H. pylori positive participants were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: high-dose (HCb; 480 mL cranberry beverage), low-dose (LCb; 240 mL cranberry beverage plus 240 mL placebo) and placebo (480 mL). Subjects consumed the beverages daily for 4 weeks. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for oxidative stress biomarkers. The intestinal microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Compared with the placebo, HCb resulted in a significantly higher increase of total antioxidant capacity (mean ± SD: 1.39 ± 1.69 IU mL-1vs. 0.34 ± 1.73 IU mL-1; p < 0.001) and a higher decrease of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (-7.29 ± 10.83 nmol mg-1vs. -0.84 ± 15.66 nmol mg-1; p = 0.025). A significant dose-dependent effect on the elevation of superoxide dismutase was observed (p < 0.001). Microbiome data showed that consuming HCb and LCb led to a significant reduction of Pseudomonas (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the current research showed that consuming cranberry beverages significantly improved the antioxidant status in H. pylori positive subjects, which may be related to the reshaping of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Gao
- Binzhou Medical University Hospital, 661 Huanghe Second Road, Binzhou, Shandong, China
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14
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Zhang R, Wang L, Zhao QH, Jiang R, Gong SG, Jiang X, Xu XQ, He YY, Li Y, Jing ZC. Alteration of Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase in Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:509. [PMID: 33282881 PMCID: PMC7705200 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are an important family of antioxidant enzymes that modulate reactive oxygen species levels. It is largely unknown which SOD isoform(s) change in vivo in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients. Methods: A total of 133 consecutive adult IPAH patients who underwent bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) genetic counseling were enrolled in this prospective study. The plasma activities of three subtypes of SOD [copper–zinc (Cu/Zn-SOD), manganese (Mn-SOD), and extracellular SOD (Ec-SOD)] were examined. Results: The activities of SODs were significantly lower in IPAH patients than in healthy subjects. However, only Ec-SOD activity in BMPR2 mutation patients was significantly decreased compared to those in patients without a mutation. The reduced Ec-SOD activity was markedly associated with mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and 6-min walking distance (6MWD). The reduction of Mn-SOD activity was only associated with 6MWD. There was no association between Cu/Zn-SOD and hemodynamics. Patients with a lower Ec-SOD level had a worse survival compared to those with a higher baseline. The reduced Ec-SOD activity and the raised PVR increased the mortality risk. Conclusions: Ec-SOD was correlated with BMPR2 mutation, hemodynamic dysfunction, and poor outcomes. Circulating Ec-SOD could be a potentially vital antioxidant enzyme in the pathogenesis of IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Hua Zhao
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Su-Gang Gong
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xi-Qi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang-Yang He
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Jing
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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15
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Barale C, Cavalot F, Frascaroli C, Bonomo K, Morotti A, Guerrasio A, Russo I. Association between High On-Aspirin Platelet Reactivity and Reduced Superoxide Dismutase Activity in Patients Affected by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Primary Hypercholesterolemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144983. [PMID: 32679712 PMCID: PMC7404318 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet hyperactivation is involved in the established prothrombotic condition of metabolic diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and familial hypercholesterolemia (HC), justifying the therapy with aspirin, a suppressor of thromboxane synthesis through the irreversible inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), to prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, some patients on aspirin show a higher than expected platelet reactivity due, at least in part, to a pro-oxidant milieu. The aim of this study was to investigate platelet reactivity in T2DM (n = 103) or HC (n = 61) patients (aspirin, 100 mg/day) and its correlation with biomarkers of redox function including the superoxide anion scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the in vivo marker of oxidative stress urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α. As results, in T2DM and HC subjects the prevalence of high on-aspirin platelet reactivity was comparable when both non-COX-1-dependent and COX-1-dependent assays were performed, and platelet reactivity is associated with a lower SOD activity that in a stepwise linear regression appears as the only predictor of platelet reactivity. To conclude, in T2DM and HC, similarly, the impairment of redox equilibrium associated with a decrease of SOD activity could contribute to a suboptimal response to aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Barale
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Franco Cavalot
- Metabolic Disease and Diabetes Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (C.F.); (K.B.)
| | - Chiara Frascaroli
- Metabolic Disease and Diabetes Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (C.F.); (K.B.)
| | - Katia Bonomo
- Metabolic Disease and Diabetes Unit, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (F.C.); (C.F.); (K.B.)
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Angelo Guerrasio
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
| | - Isabella Russo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, 10043 Orbassano, Turin, Italy; (C.B.); (A.M.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-9026622; Fax: +39-011-9038639
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16
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Chaki B, Pal S, Chattopadhyay S, Bandyopadhyay A. High-intensity exercise-induced oxidative stress in sedentary pre-pubertal & post-pubertal boys: A comparative study. Indian J Med Res 2020; 150:167-174. [PMID: 31670272 PMCID: PMC6829783 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2094_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives High-intensity exercise results in oxidative stress in adult population. Impact of pubertal attainment on high-intensity exercise-induced oxidative stress in sedentary paediatric population has not been investigated in detail. The present study was conducted to investigate the extent of high-intensity exercise-induced oxidative stress in sedentary pre- and post-pubertal boys through estimation of serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total thiol content and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Methods Sixty four sedentary pre-pubertal (n=32, age = 10.21±0.67 yr) and post-pubertal (n=32, age = 15.58±0.47 yr) boys performed incremental treadmill running exercise at 80 per cent of the age predicted maximum heart rate till volitional exhaustion. Blood sample (5 ml) was drawn from each individual before and after the exercise for estimation of oxidative stress markers. Results Pre-exercise SOD activity and total thiol level showed significant positive relationship with age and were significantly higher in post-pubertal boys. Serum TBARS level, SOD and CAT activities increased while total thiol content decreased in both the groups following exercise. Post-exercise percentage change in TBARS, SOD activity and total thiol level was significantly higher in post-pubertal boys, and these variables had significant positive relationship with age. No significant intergroup variations were noted in CAT activity before or after exercise. Interpretation & conclusions Extent of post-exercise oxidative stress increased significantly with attainment of puberty. However, baseline and post-exercise antioxidation status also increased significantly as a function of age with pubertal maturation allowing the post-pubertal boys to counter relatively higher oxidative stress more efficiently than their pre-pubertal counterparts. Post-exercise upregulation in CAT activity might not be influenced by age or pubertal maturation in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Chaki
- Sports & Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Sciences & Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sangita Pal
- Sports & Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Sciences & Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sreya Chattopadhyay
- Sports & Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Sciences & Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Bandyopadhyay
- Sports & Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Sciences & Technology, Kolkata, India
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17
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Collino F, Lopes JA, Tapparo M, Tortelote GG, Kasai-Brunswick TH, Lopes GM, Almeida DB, Skovronova R, Wendt CHC, de Miranda KR, Bussolati B, Vieyra A, Lindoso RS. Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Promote Renoprotection in Acute Kidney Injury Model. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020453. [PMID: 32079274 PMCID: PMC7072760 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) have been the focus of several studies due to their wide range of application, including in cellular therapy. The use of iPSC in regenerative medicine is limited by their tumorigenic potential. Extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from stem cells have been shown to support renal recovery after injury. However, no investigation has explored the potential of iPSC-EV in the treatment of kidney diseases. To evaluate this potential, we submitted renal tubule cells to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury, and we analyzed cell death rate and changes in functional mitochondria mass. An in vivo model of ischemia-reperfusion injury was used to evaluate morphological and functional alterations. Gene array profile was applied to investigate the mechanism involved in iPSC-EV effects. In addition, EV derived from adipose mesenchymal cells (ASC-EV) were also used to compare the potential of iPSC-EV in support of tissue recovery. The results showed that iPSC-EV were capable of reducing cell death and inflammatory response with similar efficacy than ASC-EV. Moreover, iPSC-EV protected functional mitochondria and regulated several genes associated with oxidative stress. Taken together, these results show that iPSC can be an alternative source of EV in the treatment of different aspects of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Collino
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Jarlene A. Lopes
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marta Tapparo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Giovane G. Tortelote
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics’ Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Taís H. Kasai-Brunswick
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo M.C. Lopes
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Douglas B. Almeida
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Skovronova
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy (B.B.)
| | - Camila H. C. Wendt
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
| | - Kildare R. de Miranda
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Structural Biology and Bioimaging-INBEB, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy (B.B.)
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program of Translational Biomedicine/BIOTRANS, Grande Rio University, 25071-202 Duque de Caxias, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (R.S.L.); Tel.: +55-21-3938-6521 (A.V.); +55-21-3938-6520 (R.S.L.)
| | - Rafael Soares Lindoso
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; (F.C.); (J.A.L.); (G.G.T.); (T.H.K.-B.); (G.M.C.L.); (D.B.A.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine-REGENERA, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Center for Structural Biology and Bioimaging/CENABIO, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (R.S.L.); Tel.: +55-21-3938-6521 (A.V.); +55-21-3938-6520 (R.S.L.)
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18
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Khosravi M, Poursaleh A, Ghasempour G, Farhad S, Najafi M. The effects of oxidative stress on the development of atherosclerosis. Biol Chem 2020; 400:711-732. [PMID: 30864421 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) known widely world wide. Several hypothesizes are suggested to be involved in the narrowing of arteries during process of atherogenesis. The oxidative modification hypothesis is related to oxidative and anti-oxidative imbalance and is the most investigated. The aim of this study was to review the role of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis. Furthermore, it describes the roles of oxidative/anti-oxidative enzymes and compounds in the macromolecular and lipoprotein modifications and in triggering inflammatory events. The reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are the most important endogenous sources produced by non-enzymatic and enzymatic [myeloperoxidase (MPO), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADH) oxidase and lipoxygenase (LO)] reactions that may be balanced with anti-oxidative compounds [glutathione (GSH), polyphenols and vitamins] and enzymes [glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), peroxiredoxins (Prdx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and paraoxonase (PON)]. However, the oxidative and anti-oxidative imbalance causes the involvement of cellular proliferation and migration signaling pathways and macrophage polarization leads to the formation of atherogenic plaques. On the other hand, the immune occurrences and the changes in extra cellular matrix remodeling can develop atherosclerosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Khosravi
- Biochemistry Department, Firoozabadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Adeleh Poursaleh
- Biochemistry Department, Firoozabadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghasempour
- Biochemistry Department, Firoozabadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaikhnia Farhad
- Biochemistry Department, Firoozabadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, Biochemistry Department, Firoozabadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Pathologic properties of SOD3 variant R213G in the cardiovascular system through the altered neutrophils function. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227449. [PMID: 32004354 PMCID: PMC6994104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The SOD3 variant, SOD3R213G, results from substitution of arginine to glycine at amino acid 213 (R213G) in its heparin binding domain (HBD) and is a common genetic variant, reported to be associated with ischemic heart disease. However, little is understood about the role of SOD3R213G in innate immune function, and how it leads to dysfunction of the cardiovascular system. We observed pathologic changes in SOD3R213G transgenic (Tg) mice, including cystic medial degeneration of the aorta, heart inflammation, and increased circulating and organ infiltrating neutrophils. Interestingly, SOD3R213G altered the profile of SOD3 interacting proteins in neutrophils in response to G-CSF. Unexpectedly, we found that G-CSF mediated tyrosine phosphatase, SH-PTP1 was down-regulated in the neutrophils of SOD3R213G overexpressing mice. These effects were recovered by reconstitution with Wt SOD3 expressing bone marrow cells. Overall, our study reveals that SOD3R213G plays a crucial role in the function of the cardiovascular system by controlling innate immune response and signaling. These results suggest that reconstitution with SOD3 expressing bone marrow cells may be a therapeutic strategy to treat SOD3R213G mediated diseases.
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20
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Abstract
The microcirculation maintains tissue homeostasis through local regulation of blood flow and oxygen delivery. Perturbations in microvascular function are characteristic of several diseases and may be early indicators of pathological changes in the cardiovascular system and in parenchymal tissue function. These changes are often mediated by various reactive oxygen species and linked to disruptions in pathways such as vasodilation or angiogenesis. This overview compiles recent advances relating to redox regulation of the microcirculation by adopting both cellular and functional perspectives. Findings from a variety of vascular beds and models are integrated to describe common effects of different reactive species on microvascular function. Gaps in understanding and areas for further research are outlined. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:229-260, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew O Kadlec
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David D Gutterman
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Medicine-Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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21
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Khalifa J, François S, Rancoule C, Riccobono D, Magné N, Drouet M, Chargari C. Gene therapy and cell therapy for the management of radiation damages to healthy tissues: Rationale and early results. Cancer Radiother 2019; 23:449-465. [PMID: 31400956 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, ionizing radiations have numerous applications, especially in medicine for diagnosis and therapy. Pharmacological radioprotection aims at increasing detoxification of free radicals. Radiomitigation aims at improving survival and proliferation of damaged cells. Both strategies are essential research area, as non-contained radiation can lead to harmful effects. Some advances allowing the comprehension of normal tissue injury mechanisms, and the discovery of related predictive biomarkers, have led to developing several highly promising radioprotector or radiomitigator drugs. Next to these drugs, a growing interest does exist for biotherapy in this field, including gene therapy and cell therapy through mesenchymal stem cells. In this review article, we provide an overview of the management of radiation damages to healthy tissues via gene or cell therapy in the context of radiotherapy. The early management aims at preventing the occurrence of these damages before exposure or just after exposure. The late management offers promises in the reversion of constituted late damages following irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Khalifa
- Départment de radiothérapie, institut Claudius-Regaud, institut universitaire du cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole, 1, avenue Irène-Joliot-Curie, 31100 Toulouse, France.
| | - S François
- Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge cedex, France
| | - C Rancoule
- Département de radiothérapie, institut de cancérologie de la Loire Lucien-Neuwirth, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; Laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, UMR 5822, institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), 69622 Villeurbanne, France; UMR 5822, CNRS, domaine scientifique de la Doua, 4, rue Enrico-Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France; UMR 5822, université Lyon 1, domaine scientifique de la Doua, 4, rue Enrico-Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France; UMR 5822, université de Lyon, domaine scientifique de la Doua, 4, rue Enrico-Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - D Riccobono
- Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge cedex, France
| | - N Magné
- Département de radiothérapie, institut de cancérologie de la Loire Lucien-Neuwirth, 108 bis, avenue Albert-Raimond, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; Laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, UMR 5822, institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), 69622 Villeurbanne, France; UMR 5822, CNRS, domaine scientifique de la Doua, 4, rue Enrico-Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France; UMR 5822, université Lyon 1, domaine scientifique de la Doua, 4, rue Enrico-Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France; UMR 5822, université de Lyon, domaine scientifique de la Doua, 4, rue Enrico-Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
| | - M Drouet
- Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge cedex, France
| | - C Chargari
- Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées, BP73, 91223 Brétigny-sur-Orge cedex, France; Service de santé des armées, école du Val-de-Grâce, 74, boulevard de Port-Royal, 75005 Paris, France; Département de radiothérapie, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, 114, rue Édouard-Vailant, 94805 Villejuif, France
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22
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Lin SL, Yeh JL, Tsai PC, Chang TH, Huang WC, Lee ST, Wassler M, Geng YJ, Sulistyowati E. Inhibition of Neointima Hyperplasia, Inflammation, and Reactive Oxygen Species in Balloon-Injured Arteries by HVJ Envelope Vector-Mediated Delivery of Superoxide Dismutase Gene. Transl Stroke Res 2019; 10:413-427. [PMID: 30191468 PMCID: PMC6647364 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-018-0660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) has been implicated in regulation of vascular function but its underlying molecular mechanism is largely unknown. These two-step experiments investigate whether hemagglutinating virus of Japan envelope (HVJ-E) vector-mediated EC-SOD gene delivery might protect against neointima formation, vascular inflammation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and also explore cell growth signaling pathways. The first in-vitro experiment was performed to assess the transfection efficacy and safety of HVJ-E compared to lipofectamine®. Results revealed that HVJ-E has higher transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity than those of lipofectamine®. Another in-vivo study initially used balloon denudation to rat carotid artery, then delivered EC-SOD cDNA through the vector of HVJ-E. Arterial section with H&E staining from the animals 14 days after balloon injury showed a significant reduction of intima-to-media area ratio in EC-SOD transfected arteries when compared with control (empty vector-transfected arteries) (p < 0.05). Arterial tissue with EC-SOD gene delivery also exhibited lower levels of ROS, as assessed by fluorescent microphotography with dihydroethidium staining. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that EC-SOD gene delivery significantly diminished mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β (p < 0.05 in all comparisons). An immunoblotting assay from vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) cultures showed that the EC-SOD transfected group attenuated the activation of MEK1/2, ERK1/2, and Akt signaling significantly. In conclusion, EC-SOD overexpression by HVJ-E vector inhibits neointima hyperplasia, inflammation, and ROS level triggered by balloon injury. The modulation of cell growth-signaling pathways by EC-SOD in VSMCs might play an important role in these inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoa-Lin Lin
- Intensive Care Unit, Yuan's General Hospital, 162, Cheng-Kung First Road, Lingya District, Kaohsiung, 80249, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chia Tsai
- Intensive Care Unit, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsien Chang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Intensive Care Unit, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Song-Tay Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Michael Wassler
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yong-Jian Geng
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Atherosclerosis, University of Texas at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erna Sulistyowati
- Department of Pharmacology and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia
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23
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The dynamic uptake and release of SOD3 from intracellular stores in macrophages modulates the inflammatory response. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101268. [PMID: 31326693 PMCID: PMC6639747 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) is an extracellular enzyme with the capacity to modulate extracellular redox conditions by catalyzing the dismutation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide. In addition to synthesis and release of this extracellular protein via the secretory pathway, several studies have shown that the protein also localizes to intracellular compartments in neutrophils and macrophages. Here we show that human macrophages release SOD3 from an intracellular compartment within 30 min following LPS stimulation. This release acutely increases the level of SOD3 on the cell surface as well as in the extracellular environment. Generation of the intracellular compartment in macrophages is supported by endocytosis of extracellular SOD3 via the LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). Using bone marrow-derived macrophages established from wild-type and SOD3−/− mice, we further show that the pro-inflammatory profile established in LPS-stimulated cells is altered in the absence of SOD3, suggesting that the active release of this protein affects the inflammatory response. The internalization and acute release from stimulated macrophages indicates that SOD3 not only functions as a passive antioxidant in the extracellular environment, but also plays an active role in modulating redox signaling to support biological responses. Stimulated macrophages release SOD3 from a pre-formed intracellular compartment. The intracellular compartment is established by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Release of SOD3 from stimulated macrophages modulates the inflammatory response. The level of SOD3 in the extracellular space is actively controlled.
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24
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Wadley AJ, Keane G, Cullen T, James L, Vautrinot J, Davies M, Hussey B, Hunter DJ, Mastana S, Holliday A, Petersen SV, Bishop NC, Lindley MR, Coles SJ. Characterization of extracellular redox enzyme concentrations in response to exercise in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:858-866. [PMID: 31246554 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00340.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox enzymes modulate intracellular redox balance and are secreted in response to cellular oxidative stress, potentially modulating systemic inflammation. Both aerobic and resistance exercise are known to cause acute systemic oxidative stress and inflammation; however, how redox enzyme concentrations alter in extracellular fluids following bouts of either type of exercise is unknown. Recreationally active men (n = 26, mean ± SD: age 28 ± 8 yr) took part in either: 1) two separate energy-matched cycling bouts: one of moderate intensity (MOD) and a bout of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) or 2) an eccentric-based resistance exercise protocol (RES). Alterations in plasma (study 1) and serum (study 2) peroxiredoxin (PRDX)-2, PRDX-4, superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD3), thioredoxin (TRX-1), TRX-reductase and interleukin (IL)-6 were assessed before and at various timepoints after exercise. There was a significant increase in SOD3 (+1.5 ng/mL) and PRDX-4 (+5.9 ng/mL) concentration following HIIE only, peaking at 30- and 60-min post-exercise respectively. TRX-R decreased immediately and 60 min following HIIE (-7.3 ng/mL) and MOD (-8.6 ng/mL), respectively. In non-resistance trained men, no significant changes in redox enzyme concentrations were observed up to 48 h following RES, despite significant muscle damage. IL-6 concentration increased in response to all trials, however there was no significant relationship between absolute or exercise-induced changes in redox enzyme concentrations. These results collectively suggest that HIIE, but not MOD or RES increase the extracellular concentration of PRDX-4 and SOD3. Exercise-induced changes in redox enzyme concentrations do not appear to directly relate to systemic changes in IL-6 concentration.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Two studies were conducted to characterize changes in redox enzyme concentrations after single bouts of exercise to investigate the emerging association between extracellular redox enzymes and inflammation. We provide evidence that SOD3 and PRDX-4 concentration increased following high-intensity aerobic but not eccentric-based resistance exercise. Changes were not associated with IL-6. The results provide a platform to investigate the utility of SOD3 and PRDX-4 as biomarkers of oxidative stress following exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Wadley
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.,University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Keane
- Institute of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Cullen
- Centre for Sport, Exercise, and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Lynsey James
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.,Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Jordan Vautrinot
- Institute of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Davies
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Worcester, Worcestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Bethan Hussey
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.,Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - David J Hunter
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.,Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Sarabjit Mastana
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.,Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Holliday
- Institute of Sport, Physical Activity, and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicolette C Bishop
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.,University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Martin R Lindley
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.,Translational Chemical Biology Research Group, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Steven J Coles
- Institute of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcestershire, United Kingdom
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25
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Nanotherapies for Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: A Case for Antioxidant Targeted Delivery. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2019; 7:47-60. [PMID: 31396435 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-019-00196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Cardiovascular disease (CVD) involves a broad range of clinical manifestations resulting from a dysfunctional vascular system. Overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are causally implicated in the severity of vascular dysfunction and CVD. Antioxidant therapy is an attractive avenue for treatment of CVD associated pathologies. Implementation of targeted nano-antioxidant therapies has the potential to overcome hurdles associated with systemic delivery of antioxidants. This review examines the currently available options for nanotherapeutic targeting CVD, and explores successful studies showcasing targeted nano-antioxidant therapy. Recent Findings Active targeting strategies in the context of CVD heavily focus on immunotargeting to inflammatory markers like cell adhesion molecules, or to exposed extracellular matrix components. Targeted antioxidant nanotherapies have found success in pre-clinical studies. Summary This review underscores the potential of targeted nanocarriers as means of finding success translating antioxidant therapies to the clinic, all with a focus on CVD.
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26
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Davis SM, Collier LA, Foran EA, Leonardo CC, Ajmo CT, Pennypacker KR. Neuroprotective activity of leukemia inhibitory factor is relayed through myeloid zinc finger-1 in a rat model of stroke. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:631-640. [PMID: 30612292 PMCID: PMC6810634 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) exerts its neuroprotective effects through signal transduction of the transcription factor myeloid zinc finger-1 (MZF-1). According to the hypothesis of this study, MZF-1 mediates LIF-induced neuroprotective signaling during ELVO through increased expression and transcriptional activity. To determine the in vivo role of MZF-1 in LIF-induced neuroprotection, we used Genomatix software was used to MZF-1 sites in the promoter region of the rat superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) gene. Stroke was induced via middle cerebral artery occlusion, and animals were administered PBS or 125 μg/kg LIF at 6, 24, and 48 h after the injury. MZF-1 binding activity was measured using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and its expression/localization were determined using western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. To determine whether MZF-1 relays LIF-induced neuroprotection in vitro, primary cultured neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) after treatment with PBS or LIF. MZF-1 expression was measured in vitro using real time PCR and immunohistochemical staining. Transfection with siRNA was used to determine whether LIF protected cultured neurons against OGD after silencing MZF-1 expression. Four MZF-1 binding sites were identified by Genomatix, and EMSA confirmed in vivo binding activity in brain after MCAO. LIF significantly increased MZF-1 protein levels compared to PBS treatment at 72 h post-MCAO. In vivo nuclear localization of MZF-1 as well as co-localization of SOD3 and MZF-1 was observed in the cortical neurons of LIF-treated rats. Primary cultured neurons treated with LIF had significantly higher levels of MZF-1 mRNA and protein after LIF treatment compared to neurons treated with PBS. Finally, knockdown MZF-1 using siRNA counteracted the neuroprotective effects of LIF in vitro. These data demonstrate that LIF-mediated neuroprotection is dependent upon MZF-1 activity. Furthermore, these findings identify a novel neuroprotective pathway that employs MZF-1, a transcription factor associated with hematopoietic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Davis
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone BBSRB Room B457, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA
| | - Lisa A Collier
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone BBSRB Room B457, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA
| | - Elspeth A Foran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Christopher C Leonardo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Craig T Ajmo
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Keith R Pennypacker
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, 741 S. Limestone BBSRB Room B457, Lexington, KY, 40536-0509, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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27
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Acute dietary zinc deficiency in rats exacerbates myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury through depletion of glutathione. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:961-973. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractZn plays an important role in maintaining the anti-oxidant status within the heart and helps to counter the acute redox stress that occurs during myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion. Individuals with low Zn levels are at greater risk of developing an acute myocardial infarction; however, the impact of this on the extent of myocardial injury is unknown. The present study aimed to compare the effects of dietary Zn depletion with in vitro removal of Zn (N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridinylmethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine (TPEN)) on the outcome of acute myocardial infarction and vascular function. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed either a Zn-adequate (35 mg Zn/kg diet) or Zn-deficient (<1 mg Zn/kg diet) diet for 2 weeks before heart isolation. Perfused hearts were subjected to a 30 min ischaemia/2 h reperfusion (I/R) protocol, during which time ventricular arrhythmias were recorded and after which infarct size was measured, along with markers of anti-oxidant status. In separate experiments, hearts were challenged with the Zn chelator TPEN (10 µm) before ischaemia onset. Both dietary and TPEN-induced Zn depletion significantly extended infarct size; dietary Zn depletion was associated with reduced total cardiac glutathione (GSH) levels, while TPEN decreased cardiac superoxide dismutase 1 levels. TPEN, but not dietary Zn depletion, also suppressed ventricular arrhythmias and depressed vascular responses to nitric oxide. These findings demonstrate that both modes of Zn depletion worsen the outcome from I/R but through different mechanisms. Dietary Zn deficiency, resulting in reduced cardiac GSH, is the most appropriate model for determining the role of endogenous Zn in I/R injury.
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28
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Kuo CW, Chen HL, Tu MY, Chen CM. Serum and urinary SOD3 in patients with type 2 diabetes: comparison with early chronic kidney disease patients and association with development of diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F32-F41. [PMID: 30303710 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00401.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3), one member of the antioxidant defense system and a superoxide scavenger, has been noted to be downregulated in the kidneys of diabetic mice and is characterized by a heparin-binding domain that can anchor the protein to the endothelium and extracellular matrix. The association of the serum and urinary SOD3 levels with diabetic nephropathy in different stages has never been evaluated. It remains unclear how urinary SOD3 changes in different renal diseases. We recruited 98 Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes and 10 patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) into this study. Biochemical analyses were performed, including evaluation of the serum SOD3, urinary SOD3, urinary albumin, urinary vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and urinary angiotensinogen (ANG). The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used to compare various parameters among the three groups of patients: early CKD, diabetes alone, and diabetes with CKD. Results showed that lower serum and urinary SOD3 levels were observed in the group of patients with diabetes alone. Higher serum and urinary SOD3 levels were observed in the group of patients with diabetes and CKD, which had higher albuminuria and serum creatinine levels. The serum SOD3 levels were significantly positively correlated with renal function, according to the serum creatinine level. The urinary levels of SOD3 were significantly correlated with other urinary biomarkers such as urinary ANG and VEGF. Furthermore, albuminuria can positively predict the serum SOD3 level for the ratio of urinary albumin to urinary creatinine (ACR) >1,190.769 mg/g and the urinary SOD3 level for ACR ≥300 mg/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Kuo
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan.,National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Bioresources, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yu Tu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan.,National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan.,Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University , Taichung , Taiwan
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29
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Zelko IN, Zhu J, Roman J. Role of SOD3 in silica-related lung fibrosis and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Respir Res 2018; 19:221. [PMID: 30453980 PMCID: PMC6245633 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0933-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-place exposure to silica dust may lead to progressive lung inflammation culminating in the development of silicosis, an irreversible condition that can be complicated by onset of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The molecular mechanisms leading to the development of PH and lung fibrosis in response to silica are not well understood. Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in the lung may promote fibroproliferation and vascular smooth muscle proliferation, ultimately leading to the development of PH. Herein, we analyze the development of PH and lung fibrosis in mice deficient in extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), an enzyme with anti-oxidant activity. METHODS PH and silicosis were induced in wild-type and Sod3-/- mice through intratracheal injection of crystalline silica at dose 0.4 g/kg. Pulmonary hypertension and lung fibrosis were characterized by changes in right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and collagen deposition 28 days following silica injections. Vascular remodeling was analyzed using immunohistochemistry and morphometric analysis. The expression of genes were analyzed using qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS C57BL6 mice exposed to silica showed attenuated expression of Sod3 in the lung suggesting a protective role for Sod3. Consistent with this, Sod3-/- mice developed more severe fibrotic inflammatory nodules with increased collagen deposition. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in tissue remodeling (Timp1), fibrotic lesion formation (Fsp1) and inflammatory response (Mcp1) were significantly elevated in Sod3-/- mice compared to Sod3+/+ mice treated with silica. Infiltration of neutrophils and activated macrophages into affected lung was significantly higher in Sod3 deficient mice. In addition, silica produced more profound effects on elevation of RVSP in Sod3-/- compared to wild-type littermate. Increase in RVSP was concomitant with hypertrophy of pulmonary arteries located in silicotic nodules of both mouse strains, however, vascular remodeling in unaffected areas of lung was detected only in Sod3-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that Sod3 and extracellular oxidative stress may play an important role in the development of pneumoconiosis and pulmonary vascular remodeling following exposure to environmental and occupational silica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor N Zelko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock Street, CTR Bldg., room 524, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock Street, CTR Bldg., room 524, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Jianxin Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock Street, CTR Bldg., room 524, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jesse Roman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Louisville, 505 S. Hancock Street, CTR Bldg., room 524, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
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30
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Nanoparticles in Medicine: A Focus on Vascular Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6231482. [PMID: 30356429 PMCID: PMC6178176 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6231482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has had a significant impact on medicine in recent years, its application being referred to as nanomedicine. Nanoparticles have certain properties with biomedical applications; however, in some situations, they have demonstrated cell toxicity, which has caused concern surrounding their clinical use. In this review, we focus on two aspects: first, we summarize the types of nanoparticles according to their chemical composition and the general characteristics of their use in medicine, and second, we review the applications of nanoparticles in vascular alteration, especially in endothelial dysfunction related to oxidative stress. This condition can lead to a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, consequently affecting vascular tone regulation and endothelial dysfunction, which is the first phase in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, nanoparticles with antioxidant properties may improve vascular dysfunction associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or atherosclerosis.
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31
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Hong YA, Lim JH, Kim MY, Kim Y, Park HS, Kim HW, Choi BS, Chang YS, Kim HW, Kim TY, Park CW. Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Attenuates Renal Oxidative Stress Through the Activation of Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase in Diabetic Nephropathy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1543-1561. [PMID: 29020797 PMCID: PMC6909782 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). We evaluated whether extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) has a renoprotective effect through activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in diabetic kidneys. RESULTS Human recombinant EC-SOD (hEC-SOD) was administered to 8-week-old male C57BLKS/J db/db mice through intraperitoneal injection once a week for 8 weeks. Renal SOD3 expression was suppressed in db/db mice, which was significantly enhanced by hEC-SOD treatment. hEC-SOD improved albuminuria, mesangial expansion, and interstitial fibrosis in db/db mice. At the molecular level, hEC-SOD increased phosphorylation of AMPK, activation of peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and dephosphorylation of forkhead box O transcription factor (FoxO)1 and FoxO3a. The protective effects of hEC-SOD were attributed to enhanced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and subsequently increased expression of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase 1 and heme oxygenase-1. Consequently, hEC-SOD recovered from systemic and renal inflammation and apoptosis, as reflected by the decreases of serum and renal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels and increases of BCL-2/BAX ratio in diabetic kidney. hEC-SOD also improved oxidative stress and resulted in increased renal and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane levels in db/db mice. In cultured human glomerular endothelial cells, hEC-SOD ameliorated apoptosis and oxidative stress caused by high glucose exposure through activation of AMPK and PGC-1α and dephosphorylation of FoxOs. INNOVATION These findings demonstrated for the first time that EC-SOD can potentially ameliorate hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation through activation of AMPK and its downstream pathways in diabetic kidneys. CONCLUSIONS EC-SOD is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of type 2 DN through intrarenal AMPK-PGC-1α-Nrf2 and AMPK-FoxOs signaling. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1543-1561.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ah Hong
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hee Lim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaeni Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Suk Park
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Wook Kim
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum Soon Choi
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Sik Chang
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Won Kim
- 2 Department of Rehabilitation, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yoon Kim
- 3 Department of Dermatology, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Whee Park
- 1 Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Liu Q, Pan L, Han F, Luo B, Jia H, Xing A, Li Q, Zhang Z. Proteomic profiling for plasma biomarkers of tuberculosis progression. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:1551-1559. [PMID: 29901122 PMCID: PMC6072192 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe pulmonary tuberculosis (STB) is a life-threatening condition with high economic and social burden. The present study aimed to screen for distinct proteins in different stages of TB and identify biomarkers for a better understanding of TB progression and pathogenesis. Blood samples were obtained from 81 patients with STB, 80 with mild TB (MTB) and 50 healthy controls. Differentially expressed proteins were identified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomic analysis. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the identified proteins. The expression of potential biomarkers was further validated by western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for selected protein biomarkers in diagnosing STB were also evaluated. A total of 1,011 proteins were identified in all three groups, and 153 differentially expressed proteins were identified in patients with STB. These proteins were involved in ‘cellular process’, ‘response to stimulus’, ‘apoptotic process’, ‘immune system process’ and ‘select metabolic process’. Significant differences in protein expression were detected in α-1-acid glycoprotein 2 (ORM2), interleukin-36α (IL-36α), S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100-A9), superoxide dismutase (SOD)1 in the STB group, compared with the MTB and control groups. The combination of plasma ORM2, IL-36α, S100A9 and SOD1 levels achieved 90.00% sensitivity and 92.16% specificity to discriminate between patients with STB and MTB, and 89.66% sensitivity and 98.9% specificity to discriminate between patients with STB and healthy controls. ORM2, S100A9, IL-36α and SOD1 were associated with the development of TB, and have the potential to distinguish between different stages of TB. Differential protein expression during disease progression may improve the current understanding of STB pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Liping Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Fen Han
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Baojian Luo
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Aiying Xing
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
| | - Zongde Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Branicky R, Noë A, Hekimi S. Superoxide dismutases: Dual roles in controlling ROS damage and regulating ROS signaling. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:1915-1928. [PMID: 29669742 PMCID: PMC5987716 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201708007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 956] [Impact Index Per Article: 159.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wang et al. review the dual role of superoxide dismutases in controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage and regulating ROS signaling across model systems as well as their involvement in human diseases. Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are universal enzymes of organisms that live in the presence of oxygen. They catalyze the conversion of superoxide into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Superoxide anions are the intended product of dedicated signaling enzymes as well as the byproduct of several metabolic processes including mitochondrial respiration. Through their activity, SOD enzymes control the levels of a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species, thus both limiting the potential toxicity of these molecules and controlling broad aspects of cellular life that are regulated by their signaling functions. All aerobic organisms have multiple SOD proteins targeted to different cellular and subcellular locations, reflecting the slow diffusion and multiple sources of their substrate superoxide. This compartmentalization also points to the need for fine local control of ROS signaling and to the possibility for ROS to signal between compartments. In this review, we discuss studies in model organisms and humans, which reveal the dual roles of SOD enzymes in controlling damage and regulating signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Robyn Branicky
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alycia Noë
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Effect of puerarin in promoting fatty acid oxidation by increasing mitochondrial oxidative capacity and biogenesis in skeletal muscle in diabetic rats. Nutr Diabetes 2018; 8:1. [PMID: 29330446 PMCID: PMC5851431 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-017-0009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is characterized by dyslipidemia and the accumulation of lipids in non-adipose tissue, including skeletal muscle. Puerarin, which is a natural isoflavonoid isolated from the root of the plant Pueraria lobata, has been shown to have antidiabetic activity. However, the lipid-reducing effect of puerarin, in particular in skeletal muscle, has not yet been addressed. METHODS We examined the effect of puerarin on mitochondrial function and the oxidation of fatty acids in the skeletal muscle of high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. RESULTS Puerarin effectively alleviated dyslipidemia and decreased the accumulation of intramyocellular lipids by upregulating the expression of a range of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, the detoxification of reactive oxygen species, and the oxidation of fatty acids in the muscle of diabetic rats. Also, the effect of puerarin on mitochondrial biogenesis might partially involve the function of the μ-opioid receptor. In addition, puerarin decreased the trafficking of fatty acid translocase/CD36 to the plasma membrane to reduce the uptake of fatty acids by myocytes. In vitro studies confirmed that puerarin acted directly on muscle cells to promote the oxidation of fatty acids in insulin-resistant myotubes treated with palmitate. CONCLUSIONS Puerarin improved the performance of mitochondria in muscle and promoted the oxidation of fatty acids, which thus prevented the accumulation of intramyocellular lipids in diabetic rats. Our findings will be beneficial both for elucidating the mechanism of the antidiabetic activity of puerarin and for promoting the therapeutic potential of puerarin in the treatment of diabetes.
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Sudhahar V, Okur MN, Bagi Z, O'Bryan JP, Hay N, Makino A, Patel VS, Phillips SA, Stepp D, Ushio-Fukai M, Fukai T. Akt2 (Protein Kinase B Beta) Stabilizes ATP7A, a Copper Transporter for Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase, in Vascular Smooth Muscle: Novel Mechanism to Limit Endothelial Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:529-541. [PMID: 29301787 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Copper transporter ATP7A (copper-transporting/ATPase) is required for full activation of SOD3 (extracellular superoxide dismutase), which is secreted from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and anchors to endothelial cell surface to preserve endothelial function by scavenging extracellular superoxide. We reported that ATP7A protein expression and SOD3 activity are decreased in insulin-deficient type 1 diabetes mellitus vessels, thereby, inducing superoxide-mediated endothelial dysfunction, which are rescued by insulin treatment. However, it is unknown regarding the mechanism by which insulin increases ATP7A expression in VSMCs and whether ATP7A downregulation is observed in T2DM (type2 diabetes mellitus) mice and human in which insulin-Akt (protein kinase B) pathway is selectively impaired. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here we show that ATP7A protein is markedly downregulated in vessels isolated from T2DM patients, as well as those from high-fat diet-induced or db/db T2DM mice. Akt2 (protein kinase B beta) activated by insulin promotes ATP7A stabilization via preventing ubiquitination/degradation as well as translocation to plasma membrane in VSMCs, which contributes to activation of SOD3 that protects against T2DM-induced endothelial dysfunction. Downregulation of ATP7A in T2DM vessels is restored by constitutive active Akt or PTP1B-/- (protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B-deficient) T2DM mice, which enhance insulin-Akt signaling. Immunoprecipitation, in vitro kinase assay, and mass spectrometry analysis reveal that insulin stimulates Akt2 binding to ATP7A to induce phosphorylation at Ser1424/1463/1466. Furthermore, SOD3 activity is reduced in Akt2-/- vessels or VSMCs, which is rescued by ATP7A overexpression. CONCLUSION Akt2 plays a critical role in ATP7A protein stabilization and translocation to plasma membrane in VSMCs, which contributes to full activation of vascular SOD3 that protects against endothelial dysfunction in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varadarajan Sudhahar
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - Mustafa Nazir Okur
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - Zsolt Bagi
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - John P O'Bryan
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - Nissim Hay
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - Ayako Makino
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - Vijay S Patel
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - Shane A Phillips
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - David Stepp
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - Masuko Ushio-Fukai
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.)
| | - Tohru Fukai
- From the Vascular Biology Center (V.S., Z.B., D.S., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Medicine (Cardiology) (Z.B., M.U.-F.), and Department of Surgery (V.S.P.), Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University; Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Pharmacology (V.S., T.F.), Department of Pharmacology (M.N.O., J.P.O., M.U.-F.), Center for Cardiovascular Research (V.S., J.P.O., M.U.-F., T.F.), Department of Physical Therapy (S.A.P.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (N.H.), University of Illinois at Chicago; Department of Medicine and Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson (A.M.), Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL (V.S., T.F.); and Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA (V.S., T.F.).
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Zou S, Liao M, Yang J, Huang T, Green M, Wu J, Qu L. Heat shock protein 27 plays a protective role in thoracic aortic dissection by promoting cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2017; 22:24. [PMID: 29209372 PMCID: PMC5704392 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-017-0056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is one of the most severe aortic diseases. The study aimed to explore the potential role of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) in the pathogenesis of TAD using an in vitro model of oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods HSP27 was analyzed in aortic surgical specimens from 12 patients with TAD and 8 healthy controls. A lentiviral vector was used to overexpress HSP27 in rat aortic VSMCs. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured under oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Results HSP27 expression was significantly higher in aortic tissue from patients with TAD and VSMCs in the aortic media were the main cell type producing HSP27. Elevated oxidative stress was also detected in the TAD samples. Overexpression of HSP27 significantly attenuated H2O2-induced inhibition of cell proliferation. Furthermore, HSP27 was found to decrease H2O2-induced cell apoptosis and oxidative stress. Conclusions These results suggest that HSP27 expression promotes VSMC viability, suppresses cell apoptosis, and confers protection against oxidative stress in TAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sili Zou
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingfang Liao
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlin Yang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Huang
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mark Green
- DICAT Biomedical Computation Centre, Vancouver, BC Canada
| | - Jianjin Wu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lefeng Qu
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Chio IIC, Tuveson DA. ROS in Cancer: The Burning Question. Trends Mol Med 2017; 23:411-429. [PMID: 28427863 PMCID: PMC5462452 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An unanswered question in human health is whether antioxidation prevents or promotes cancer. Antioxidation has historically been viewed as chemopreventive, but emerging evidence suggests that antioxidants may be supportive of neoplasia. We posit this contention to be rooted in the fact that ROS do not operate as one single biochemical entity, but as diverse secondary messengers in cancer cells. This cautions against therapeutic strategies to increase ROS at a global level. To leverage redox alterations towards the development of effective therapies necessitates the application of biophysical and biochemical approaches to define redox dynamics and to functionally elucidate specific oxidative modifications in cancer versus normal cells. An improved understanding of the sophisticated workings of redox biology is imperative to defeating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iok In Christine Chio
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
| | - David A Tuveson
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Lustgarten Foundation Pancreatic Cancer Research Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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Constantino L, Galant LS, Vuolo F, Guarido KL, Kist LW, de Oliveira GMT, Pasquali MADB, de Souza CT, da Silva-Santos JE, Bogo MR, Moreira JCF, Ritter C, Dal-Pizzol F. Extracellular superoxide dismutase is necessary to maintain renal blood flow during sepsis development. Intensive Care Med Exp 2017; 5:15. [PMID: 28303482 PMCID: PMC5355399 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-017-0130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) protects nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by decreasing superoxide levels and preventing peroxynitrite generation, which is important in maintaining renal blood flow and in preventing acute kidney injury. However, the profile of ECSOD expression after sepsis is not fully understood. Therefore, we intended to evaluate the content and gene expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms in the renal artery and their relation to renal blood flow. Methods Sepsis was induced in Wistar rats by caecal ligation and perforation. Several times after sepsis induction, renal blood flow (12, 24 and 48 h); the renal arterial content of SOD isoforms, nitrotyrosine, endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthase (e-NOS and i-NOS), and phosphorylated vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (pVASP); and SOD activity (3, 6 and 12 h) were measured. The influence of a SOD inhibitor was also evaluated. Results An increase in ECSOD content was associated with decreased 3-nitrotyrosine levels. These events were associated with an increase in pVASP content and maintenance of renal blood flow. Moreover, previous treatment with a SOD inhibitor increased nitrotyrosine content and reduced renal blood flow. Conclusions ECSOD appears to have a major role in decreasing peroxynitrite formation in the renal artery during the early stages of sepsis development, and its application can be important in renal blood flow control and maintenance during septic insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Constantino
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Letícia Selinger Galant
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Francieli Vuolo
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Karla Lorena Guarido
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Laboratório de Biologia Cardiovascular, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luiza Wilges Kist
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Medeiros Tavares de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus Augusto de Bittencourt Pasquali
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo (Lab. 32), ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Teodoro de Souza
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo da Silva-Santos
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Laboratório de Biologia Cardiovascular, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maurício Reis Bogo
- Laboratório de Biologia Genômica e Molecular, Faculdade de Biociências, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo (Lab. 32), ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Ritter
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Ardanaz N, Pagano PJ. Hydrogen Peroxide as a Paracrine Vascular Mediator: Regulation and Signaling Leading to Dysfunction. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 231:237-51. [PMID: 16514169 DOI: 10.1177/153537020623100302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the ability of a variety of vascular cells, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts, to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Until recently, major emphasis was placed on the production of superoxide anion (O2–) in the vasculature as a result of its ability to directly attenuate the biological activity of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO). The short half-life and radius of diffusion of O2– drastically limit the role of this ROS as an important paracrine hormone in vascular biology. On the contrary, in recent years, the O2– metabolite hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has increasingly been viewed as an important cellular signaling agent in its own right, capable of modulating both contractile and growth-promoting pathways with more far-reaching effects. In this review, we will assess the vascular production of H2O2, its regulation by endogenous scavenger systems, and its ability to activate a variety of vascular signaling pathways, thereby leading to vascular contraction and growth. This discussion will include the ability of H2O2 to (i) Initiate calcium flux as well as (ii) stimulate pathways leading to sensitization of contractile elements to calcium. The latter involves a variety of protein kinases that have also been strongly implicated in vascular hypertrophy. Previous Intensive study has emphasized the ability of NADPH oxidase-derived O2– and H2O2 to activate these pathways in cultured smooth muscle cells. However, growing evidence indicates a considerably more complex array of unique oxidase systems in the endothelium, media, and adventitia that appear to participate in these deleterious effects in a sequential and temporal manner. Taken together, these findings seem consistent with a paracrine effect of H2O2 across the vascular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Ardanaz
- Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, RM 7044, E&R Building, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 West Grand Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48202-2689, USA
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Yasuda H, Ohashi A, Nishida S, Kamiya T, Suwa T, Hara H, Takeda J, Itoh Y, Adachi T. Exendin-4 induces extracellular-superoxide dismutase through histone H3 acetylation in human retinal endothelial cells. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 59:174-181. [PMID: 27895384 PMCID: PMC5110938 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.16-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (genetic name SOD3) is a secreted anti-oxidative enzyme, and its presence in vascular walls may play an important role in protecting the vascular system against oxidative stress. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy; therefore, increases in extracellular-superoxide dismutase have been suggested to inhibit the progression of diabetic retinopathy. Incretin-based drugs such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are expected to function as extrapancreatic agents because the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor is expressed not only in pancreatic tissues, but also in many other tissue types. We herein demonstrated that exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, induced the expression of extracellular-superoxide dismutase in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells through epigenetic regulation. The results of the present study demonstrated that exendin-4 induced the expression of extracellular-superoxide dismutase through histone H3 acetylation at the SOD3 proximal promoter region. Moreover, plasma extracellular-superoxide dismutase concentrations in diabetic patients were elevated by incretin-based therapies. Therefore, incretin-based therapies may exert direct extrapancreatic effects in order to protect blood vessels by enhancing anti-oxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yasuda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Atsuko Ohashi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Shohei Nishida
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kamiya
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suwa
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gifu University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Hara
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Jun Takeda
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Gifu University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Itoh
- Department of Pharmacy, Gifu University Hospital, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Adachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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Iversen MB, Gottfredsen RH, Larsen UG, Enghild JJ, Praetorius J, Borregaard N, Petersen SV. Extracellular superoxide dismutase is present in secretory vesicles of human neutrophils and released upon stimulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 97:478-488. [PMID: 27394172 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is an antioxidant enzyme present in the extracellular matrix (ECM), where it provides protection against oxidative degradation of matrix constituents including type I collagen and hyaluronan. The enzyme is known to associate with macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) and increasing evidence supports a role for EC-SOD in the development of an inflammatory response. Here we show that human EC-SOD is present at the cell surface of isolated neutrophils as well as stored within secretory vesicles. Interestingly, we find that EC-SOD mRNA is absent throughout neutrophil maturation indicating that the protein is synthesized by other cells and subsequently endocytosed by the neutrophil. When secretory vesicles were mobilized by neutrophil stimulation using formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF) or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the protein was released into the extracellular space and found to associate with DNA released from stimulated cells. The functional consequences were evaluated by the use of neutrophils isolated from wild-type and EC-SOD KO mice, and showed that EC-SOD release significantly reduce the level of superoxide in the extracellular space, but does not affect the capacity to generate neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Consequently, our data signifies that EC-SOD released from activated neutrophils affects the redox conditions of the extracellular space and may offer protection against highly reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals otherwise generated as a result of respiratory burst activity of activated neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie B Iversen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Ulrike G Larsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jeppe Praetorius
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Borregaard
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Steen V Petersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
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Kigawa Y, Miyazaki T, Lei XF, Kim-Kaneyama JR, Miyazaki A. Functional Heterogeneity of Nadph Oxidases in Atherosclerotic and Aneurysmal Diseases. J Atheroscler Thromb 2016; 24:1-13. [PMID: 27476665 PMCID: PMC5225127 DOI: 10.5551/jat.33431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOX) are enzymes that catalyze the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Four species of NOX catalytic homologs (NOX1, NOX2, NOX4, and NOX5) are reportedly expressed in vascular tissues. The pro-atherogenic roles of NOX1, NOX2, and their organizer protein p47phox were manifested, and it was noted that the hydrogen peroxide-generating enzyme NOX4 possesses atheroprotective effects. Loss of NOX1 or p47phox appears to ameliorate murine aortic dissection and subsequent aneurysmal diseases; in contrast, the ablation of NOX2 exacerbates the aneurysmal diseases. It is possible that the loss of NOX2 activates inflammatory cascades in macrophages in the lesions. Roles of NOX5 in vascular functions are currently undetermined, owing to the absence of this enzyme in rodents and the limitation of the experimental procedure. Thus, it is possible that the NOX family of enzymes exhibits heterogeneity in the atherosclerotic diseases. In this aspect, subtype-selective NOX inhibitor may be promising when NOX systems serve as a molecular target for atherosclerotic and aneurysmal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyoshi Kigawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
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43
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Nithya K, Angeline T, Isabel W, Asirvatham AJ. SOD1 Gene +35A/C (exon3/intron3) Polymorphism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among South Indian Population. GENETICS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3787268. [PMID: 27190652 PMCID: PMC4852105 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3787268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase is an antioxidant enzyme that is involved in defence mechanisms against oxidative stress. Cu/Zn SOD is a variant that is located in exon3/intron3 boundary. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the Cu/Zn SOD (+35A/C) gene polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus among south Indian population. The study included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 100) and healthy controls (n = 75). DNA was isolated from the blood and genotyping of Cu/Zn SOD gene polymorphism was done by polymerase chain reaction based restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Occurrence of different genotypes and normal (A) and mutant (C) allele frequencies were determined. The frequency of the three genotypes of the total subjects was as follows: homozygous wild-type A/A (95%), heterozygous genotype A/C (3%), and homozygous mutant C/C (2%). The mutant (C) allele and the mutant genotypes (AC/CC) were found to be completely absent among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Absence of mutant genotype (CC) shows that the Cu/Zn SOD gene polymorphism may not be associated with the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus among south Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Nithya
- PG & Research Department of Zoology & Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 002, India
| | - T. Angeline
- PG & Research Department of Zoology & Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 002, India
| | - W. Isabel
- PG & Research Department of Zoology & Biotechnology, Lady Doak College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu 625 002, India
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Makino J, Asai R, Hashimoto M, Kamiya T, Hara H, Ninomiya M, Koketsu M, Adachi T. Suppression of EC-SOD by oxLDL During Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:2496-505. [PMID: 26990420 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by endothelial cells and macrophages play important roles in atherogenesis because they promote the formation of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL). Extracellular-superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) is mainly produced by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is secreted into the extracellular space, and protects cells from the damaging effects of the superoxide anion. Thus, the expression of EC-SOD in VSMCs is crucial for protecting cells against atherogenesis; however, oxLDL-induced changes in the expression of EC-SOD in VSMCs have not yet been examined. We herein showed that oxLDL decreased EC-SOD mRNA and protein levels by binding to lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1). Moreover, we demonstrated the significant role of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling in oxLDL-elicited reductions in the expression of EC-SOD and proliferation of VSMCs. The results obtained with the FCS treatment indicate that oxLDL-elicited reductions in the expression of EC-SOD are related to the proliferation of VSMCs. We herein showed for the first time that luteolin, a natural product, restored oxLDL-induced decreases in the expression of EC-SOD and proliferation of VSMCs. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that oxLDL accelerates the development of atherosclerosis by suppressing the expression of EC-SOD and also that luteolin has potential as a treatment for atherosclerosis. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2496-2505, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Makino
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Rei Asai
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Mao Hashimoto
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kamiya
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
| | - Hirokazu Hara
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ninomiya
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Mamoru Koketsu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Adachi
- Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutics, Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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Lei XG, Zhu JH, Cheng WH, Bao Y, Ho YS, Reddi AR, Holmgren A, Arnér ESJ. Paradoxical Roles of Antioxidant Enzymes: Basic Mechanisms and Health Implications. Physiol Rev 2016; 96:307-64. [PMID: 26681794 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00010.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated from aerobic metabolism, as a result of accidental electron leakage as well as regulated enzymatic processes. Because ROS/RNS can induce oxidative injury and act in redox signaling, enzymes metabolizing them will inherently promote either health or disease, depending on the physiological context. It is thus misleading to consider conventionally called antioxidant enzymes to be largely, if not exclusively, health protective. Because such a notion is nonetheless common, we herein attempt to rationalize why this simplistic view should be avoided. First we give an updated summary of physiological phenotypes triggered in mouse models of overexpression or knockout of major antioxidant enzymes. Subsequently, we focus on a series of striking cases that demonstrate "paradoxical" outcomes, i.e., increased fitness upon deletion of antioxidant enzymes or disease triggered by their overexpression. We elaborate mechanisms by which these phenotypes are mediated via chemical, biological, and metabolic interactions of the antioxidant enzymes with their substrates, downstream events, and cellular context. Furthermore, we propose that novel treatments of antioxidant enzyme-related human diseases may be enabled by deliberate targeting of dual roles of the pertaining enzymes. We also discuss the potential of "antioxidant" nutrients and phytochemicals, via regulating the expression or function of antioxidant enzymes, in preventing, treating, or aggravating chronic diseases. We conclude that "paradoxical" roles of antioxidant enzymes in physiology, health, and disease derive from sophisticated molecular mechanisms of redox biology and metabolic homeostasis. Simply viewing antioxidant enzymes as always being beneficial is not only conceptually misleading but also clinically hazardous if such notions underpin medical treatment protocols based on modulation of redox pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gen Lei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jian-Hong Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wen-Hsing Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yongping Bao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ye-Shih Ho
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amit R Reddi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arne Holmgren
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elias S J Arnér
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing,China; Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi; Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, United Kingdom; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Atlanta, Georgia; and Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zelko IN, Folz RJ. Regulation of Oxidative Stress in Pulmonary Artery Endothelium. Modulation of Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase and NOX4 Expression Using Histone Deacetylase Class I Inhibitors. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 53:513-24. [PMID: 25749103 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0260oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants is considered a major factor in the development of pulmonary vascular diseases. Oxidative stress seen in pulmonary vascular cells is regulated by increased expression of prooxidant enzymes (e.g., nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced oxidases) and/or decreased production of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes (e.g., superoxide dismutases). We and others have shown that expression of antioxidant genes in pulmonary artery cells is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. In this study, we investigate the regulation of oxidative stress in pulmonary artery cells using inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs). Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) and human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells were exposed to an array of HDAC inhibitors followed by analysis of anti- and prooxidant gene expression using quantitative RT-PCR and quantitative RT-PCR array. We found that exposure of HPAECs to scriptaid, N-[4-[(hydroxyamino)carbonyl]phenyl]-α-(1-methylethyl)-benzeneacetamide, and trichostatin A for 24 hours induced expression of extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) up to 10-fold, whereas expression of the prooxidant gene NADPH oxidase 4 was decreased by more than 95%. We also found that this differential regulation of anti- and prooxidant gene expression resulted in significant attenuation in the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species. Induction of EC-SOD expression was attenuated by the Janus kinase 2 protein kinase inhibitor AG490 and by silencing Janus kinase 2 expression. Augmentation of EC-SOD expression using scriptaid was associated with increased histone H3 (Lys27) acetylation and H3 (Lys4) trimethylation at the gene promoter. We have determined that oxidative stress in pulmonary endothelial cells is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms and can be modulated using HDAC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor N Zelko
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Rodney J Folz
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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Kobylecki CJ, Afzal S, Nordestgaard BG. Genetically Low Antioxidant Protection and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure in Diabetic Subjects. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:2010-5. [PMID: 26844281 PMCID: PMC4703764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is one mechanism believed to underlie diabetic vascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that diabetic subjects heterozygous for extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) R213G, which entails lower antioxidant capacity in tissues, have increased risk of cardiovascular disease and heart failure. METHODS We used the prospective Copenhagen General Population Study and Copenhagen City Heart Study and genotyped 95,871 individuals for the rs1799895 R213G variation in the SOD3 gene, of which 4498 had diabetes. We used national hospitalization and death registers to assess cardiovascular disease and heart failure. FINDINGS Out of 95,871 individuals, we identified 93,521 R213G non-carriers (213RR, 97.5%), 2336 heterozygotes (213RG, 2.4%) and 14 homozygotes (213GG, 0.01%). In diabetic subjects, the hazard ratio for cardiovascular disease in R213G heterozygotes compared to non-carriers was 2.32 (95% CI 1·44-3.75), with a corresponding hazard ratio in non-diabetic subjects of 0.97 (0·80-1.19) (p for interaction 0.002). For heart failure, the hazard ratios in R213G heterozygotes compared to non-carriers were 2.19 (1.28-3.76) in diabetic and 0.68 (0.49-0.92) in non-diabetic subjects (p for interaction < 0.001). INTERPRETATION Risk of cardiovascular disease and heart failure was higher in R213G heterozygotes versus non-carriers in diabetic subjects, but not in non-diabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla J Kobylecki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Shoaib Afzal
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Børge G Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej 75, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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48
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Kwon MJ, Lee KY, Lee HW, Kim JH, Kim TY. SOD3 Variant, R213G, Altered SOD3 Function, Leading to ROS-Mediated Inflammation and Damage in Multiple Organs of Premature Aging Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:985-99. [PMID: 25927599 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Among the isoforms of superoxide dismutase, SOD3 is uniquely associated with the extracellular matrix (ECM) by virtue of its heparin-binding domain (HBD). Substitution of arginine by glycine at amino acid 213 (R213G) of its HBD was first identified in patients with heart failure, followed by many studies that focused on the role of this variant (SOD3(R213G)) in ischemic heart disease and cardiovascular disease. However, the biological significance of this mutation in a physiological context is largely unknown. RESULTS As a first step, we generated SOD3(R213G) transgenic mice, in which the variant gene was driven by the β-actin promoter allowing expression in all tissues. Unexpectedly, we found that SOD3(R213G) transgenic mice exhibited premature aging, including hair graying, abnormal gait, and a shortened life span. Specifically, the aged mice showed systemic inflammation and organ degeneration. In addition, aged SOD3(R213G) mice are susceptible to neutrophil-mediated inflammation. Among other functions, the neutrophils of SOD3(R213G) mice produce high amounts of reactive oxygen species, which would normally be controlled by SOD3 in ECM. INNOVATION These findings showed for the first time that arginine 213 in the HBD of SOD3 is critical for maintaining proper organ function through moderating the normal innate immune response, which would otherwise lead to chronic inflammation and degenerative diseases in aged mice. CONCLUSION Therefore, patients with this variant may be treated with SOD3 as a therapeutic strategy to prevent or cure these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Ja Kwon
- 1 Department of Dermatology, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo-Young Lee
- 2 Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Woong Lee
- 3 Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ho Kim
- 1 Department of Dermatology, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yoon Kim
- 1 Department of Dermatology, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science , College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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El Taghdouini A, Sørensen AL, Reiner AH, Coll M, Verhulst S, Mannaerts I, Øie CI, Smedsrød B, Najimi M, Sokal E, Luttun A, Sancho-Bru P, Collas P, van Grunsven LA. Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression patterns in purified, uncultured human liver cells and activated hepatic stellate cells. Oncotarget 2015; 6:26729-45. [PMID: 26353929 PMCID: PMC4694948 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver fibrogenesis - scarring of the liver that can lead to cirrhosis and liver cancer - is characterized by hepatocyte impairment, capillarization of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. To date, the molecular determinants of a healthy human liver cell phenotype remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we assess the transcriptome and the genome-wide promoter methylome specific for purified, non-cultured human hepatocytes, LSECs and HSCs, and investigate the nature of epigenetic changes accompanying transcriptional changes associated with activation of HSCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Gene expression profile and promoter methylome of purified, uncultured human liver cells and culture-activated HSCs were respectively determined using Affymetrix HG-U219 genechips and by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation coupled to promoter array hybridization. Histone modification patterns were assessed at the single-gene level by chromatin immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR. RESULTS We unveil a DNA-methylation-based epigenetic relationship between hepatocytes, LSECs and HSCs despite their distinct ontogeny. We show that liver cell type-specific DNA methylation targets early developmental and differentiation-associated functions. Integrative analysis of promoter methylome and transcriptome reveals partial concordance between DNA methylation and transcriptional changes associated with human HSC activation. Further, we identify concordant histone methylation and acetylation changes in the promoter and putative novel enhancer elements of genes involved in liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides the first epigenetic blueprint of three distinct freshly isolated, human hepatic cell types and of epigenetic changes elicited upon HSC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil El Taghdouini
- Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anita L. Sørensen
- Department of Molecular medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew H. Reiner
- Department of Molecular medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mar Coll
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefaan Verhulst
- Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inge Mannaerts
- Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cristina I. Øie
- Department of Medical Biology, Vascular Biology Research Group, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bård Smedsrød
- Department of Medical Biology, Vascular Biology Research Group, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mustapha Najimi
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Etienne Sokal
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Laboratory of Pediatric Hepatology and Cell Therapy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aernout Luttun
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Collas
- Department of Molecular medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Nakashima T, Umemoto S, Yoshimura K, Matsuda S, Itoh S, Murata T, Fukai T, Matsuzaki M. TLR4 is a critical regulator of angiotensin II-induced vascular remodeling: the roles of extracellular SOD and NADPH oxidase. Hypertens Res 2015; 38:649-55. [PMID: 25854990 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and angiotensin II (AngII) induce vascular remodeling through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). AngII has also been shown to increase antioxidant enzyme extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD). However, the roles of TLR4 in Ang II-induced ROS production, vascular remodeling and hypertension remain unknown. Mice lacking TLR4 function showed significant inhibition of vascular remodeling in response to chronic AngII infusion, with no impact on blood pressure. The increases in ROS level and NADPH oxidase activity in response to AngII infusion were markedly blunted in TLR4-deficient mice. Similar effects were observed in wild-type (WT) mice treated with a sub-depressor dose of the AT1 receptor antagonist irbesartan, which had no effects on TLR4-deficient mice. Intriguingly, the AngII infusion-induced increases in ecSOD activity and expression were rather enhanced in TLR4-deficient mice compared with WT mice, whereas the expression of the proinflammatory chemokine MCP-1 was decreased. Importantly, AngII-induced vascular remodeling was positively correlated with NADPH oxidase activity, ROS levels and MCP-1 expression levels. Notably, chronic norepinephrine infusion, which elevates blood pressure without increasing ROS production, did not induce significant vascular remodeling in WT mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that ROS elevation is required for accelerating vascular remodeling but not for hypertensive effects in this model. We demonstrated that TLR4 plays a pivotal role in regulating AngII-induced vascular ROS levels by inhibiting the expression and activity of the antioxidant enzyme ecSOD, as well as by activating NADPH oxidase, which enhances inflammation to facilitate the progression of vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadaaki Nakashima
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Seiji Umemoto
- Center for Clinical Research, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Koichi Yoshimura
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Susumu Matsuda
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shinichi Itoh
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Murata
- Institute of Experimental Animals, Science Research Center, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tohru Fukai
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Masunori Matsuzaki
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
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