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Langer M, Vilsmaier T, Kramer M, Sciuk F, Kolbinger B, Li P, Jakob A, Rogenhofer N, Dalla-Pozza R, Thaler C, Haas NA, Oberhoffer FS. Vascular Health in Adults Born After Using Assisted Reproductive Technologies. Pediatr Cardiol 2024; 45:1242-1250. [PMID: 36401124 PMCID: PMC11252174 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-022-03050-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of children are conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Several studies indicated vascular alterations in ART children. However, limited data is available within the adult ART population. Therefore, this study investigated the overall vascular health of young ART adults in comparison to spontaneously conceived peers. In total, 16 ART subjects and 22 spontaneously conceived peers (22.06 ± 2.21 years vs. 22.00 ± 2.14 years, p = 0.194) were enrolled for the assessment of endothelial function, brachial blood pressure, central blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, carotid intima-media thickness, and blood lipids. No significant differences in vascular function were detected between the in vitro fertilization subgroup (n = 9), the intracytoplasmic sperm injection subgroup (n = 7) and spontaneously conceived peers. This pilot study suggests an unimpaired vascular function in young ART adults. In the future, multi-centric studies with a greater sample size are required to confirm the results of the current study and enable precise cardiovascular risk stratification of the adult ART population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Langer
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Vilsmaier
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marie Kramer
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Sciuk
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Brenda Kolbinger
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pengzhu Li
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - André Jakob
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Rogenhofer
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Dalla-Pozza
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Thaler
- Division of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Alexander Haas
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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D'agata MN, Hoopes EK, Keiser T, Patterson F, Szymanski KM, Matias AA, Brewer BC, Witman MA. Device-estimated sleep metrics do not mediate the relation between race and blood pressure dipping in young black and white women. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2024; 26:850-860. [PMID: 38923277 PMCID: PMC11232447 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Short, disturbed, and irregular sleep may contribute to blunted nocturnal blood pressure (BP) dipping, a predictor of cardiovascular disease. Black women (BLW) demonstrate less BP dipping and poorer sleep health than White women (WHW). However, it remains unclear whether device-estimated sleep health metrics mediate the relation between race and BP dipping in young women. We hypothesized that the relation between race and BP dipping would be partly mediated by sleep health metrics of sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and sleep regularity. Participants (20 BLW, 17 WHW) were 18-29 years old, normotensive, nonobese, and without evidence of sleep disorders. Systolic and diastolic BP dipping were derived from 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring. Habitual sleep duration and sleep efficiency were estimated via 14 days of wrist actigraphy. Sleep duration regularity was calculated as the standard deviation (SD) of nightly sleep duration (SDSD). Sleep timing regularity metrics were calculated as the SD of sleep onset and sleep midpoint (SMSD). Mediation analysis tested the mediating effect of each sleep metric on the relation between race and BP dipping. BLW experienced less systolic (P = .02) and diastolic (P = .01) BP dipping. Sleep duration (P = .14) was not different between groups. BLW had lower sleep efficiency (P < .01) and higher SDSD (P = .02), sleep onset SD (P < .01) and SMSD (P = .01). No sleep metrics mediated the relation between race and BP dipping (all indirect effects P > .38). In conclusion, mediation pathways of sleep health metrics do not explain racial differences in nocturnal BP dipping between young BLW and WHW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele N. D'agata
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Elissa K. Hoopes
- Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Thomas Keiser
- Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Freda Patterson
- Department of Health Behavior and Nutrition SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Krista M. Szymanski
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Alexs A. Matias
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Benjamin C. Brewer
- Department of EpidemiologyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Melissa A. Witman
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
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Oliveira GF, Marin TC, Barbosa JCCL, Azevêdo LM, Thosar SS, Cipolla‐Neto J, Forjaz CLM, Brito LC. Bright light increases blood pressure and rate-pressure product after a single session of aerobic exercise in men. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16141. [PMID: 39022810 PMCID: PMC11255400 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to test whether bright light (BL) exposure attenuates the reduction in blood pressure (BP) postexercise compared to dim light (DL). Twenty healthy men (27 ± 5 years) randomly underwent two experimental sessions: one under BL (5000 lux) and another under dim light (DL <8lux). In each session, subjects executed a bout of aerobic exercise (cycle ergometer, 30 min, moderate intensity). BP (oscillometric) and heart rate (HR monitor) were measured, and rate-pressure-product (RPP) was calculated. Additionally, a 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was conducted after the sessions. Systolic BP decreased while HR increased significantly and similarly after the exercise in both sessions. Additionally, systolic BP levels were higher in BL than DL throughout the experimental session (Psession = 0.04). Diastolic (Pinteraction = 0.02) and mean (Pinteraction = 0.03) BPs decreased after exercise in DL (at 30 min), and increased in BL (at 60 and 90 min). RPP increased in both sessions postexercise, but with a main effect revealing higher levels throughout the experimental session in BL than DL (Psession = 0.04) and during the first 3 h of ABPM (p = 0.05). In healthy men, BL exposure increased systolic BP and cardiac work, and abolished the postexercise decreases of diastolic and mean BPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo F. Oliveira
- Chronobiology and Exercise Physiology Applied Research GroupSchool of Arts and Science, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and Sport, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Thais C. Marin
- Chronobiology and Exercise Physiology Applied Research GroupSchool of Arts and Science, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and Sport, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Julio C. C. L. Barbosa
- Chronobiology and Exercise Physiology Applied Research GroupSchool of Arts and Science, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Luan M. Azevêdo
- Chronobiology and Exercise Physiology Applied Research GroupSchool of Arts and Science, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and Sport, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Saurabh S. Thosar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - José Cipolla‐Neto
- Neurobiology LaboratoryInstitute of Biomedical Science, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Claudia L. M. Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and Sport, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Leandro C. Brito
- Chronobiology and Exercise Physiology Applied Research GroupSchool of Arts and Science, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Exercise Hemodynamic LaboratorySchool of Physical Education and Sport, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
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Seo MW, Lee S, Jung HC. Impact of supra-maximal interval training vs. high-intensity interval training on cardiac auto-regulation response in physically active adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1771-1780. [PMID: 38244043 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the impact of supra-maximal interval training (SMIT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiac auto-regulation response. METHODS Physically active young adults volunteered to participate in the study with a randomized cross-over counterbalanced design (N = 12). HIIT sessions consisted of 20 bouts of 10 s of exercise followed by 50 s of recovery, totaling 20 min at two different intensities; "all-out (SMIT)" vs. "115-130% Wmax (HIIT)". The cardiac auto-regulation included heart rate variability (HRV) and vascular function. HRV and vascular function were measured at baseline and five different time points after acute exercise. RESULTS The SMIT was higher in workload (31%), peak heart rate (28%), and rate of perceived exertion (40%) compared with HIIT (all p < 0.001). The R-R interval, NN50, and pNN50 measured until 60 min after acute exercise was higher in the HIIT compared with SMIT (all p < 0.05). The SMIT elicited a greater shift in ln LF/HF ratio immediately after acute exercise (3802%, p < 0.01) and induced a decrease in bilateral ba-PWV at the time point 5 min after acute exercise, persisting until 65 min after (p < 0.05). Yet, HIIT showed no change over time in the frequency domain of HRV and blood vascular tone after cessation of acute exercise. CONCLUSION Our findings confirmed that SMIT is a more potent modulator of the autonomic nervous system compared with HIIT. Further study is needed to monitor through complete recovery to baseline, to understand acute cardiac auto-regulation response after cessation of various exercise intensities identical interval training protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong-Won Seo
- Department of Sports and Leisure Studies, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukho Lee
- Department of Counseling, Health and Kinesiology, College of Education and Human Development, Texas A&M University at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hyun Chul Jung
- Sports Science Research Center, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Sports Coaching, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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5
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West K, Spears K, Joyner B, Smith C, Jenkins NDM, Grosicki GJ, Siekirk NJ. The acute effect of passively assisted trunk stretching on central arterial stiffness and blood pressure in middle-aged to older adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1683-1692. [PMID: 38217670 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05389-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the effects of acute trunk stretching on central arterial stiffness and central and peripheral blood pressure in middle-aged to older adults. METHODS Twenty-eight middle-aged to older adults (14M/14F, 72 ± 7 years, 28.5 ± 5.3 kg/m2) completed this randomized, controlled, crossover design trial. We measured carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and central and peripheral blood pressures (BP) before and after a single bout of passively assisted trunk stretching (i.e., five rounds of six 30-s stretches) and a time-matched seated control visit (i.e., 30-min). Changes (Δ; post - pre) in cf-PWV and central and peripheral BP were compared between visits and sexes using separate linear mixed-effects models controlling for baseline values. RESULTS Compared with seated control, central (systolic: - 3 ± 7 mmHg; diastolic: - 2 ± 5 mmHg) and peripheral (systolic: - 2 ± 8 mmHg; diastolic: - 1 ± 4 mmHg) BP were reduced following acute trunk stretching (ps ≤ 0.001). Between-visit differences for ∆cf-PWV (stretch: 0.09 ± 0.61 m/s; control: 0.37 ± 0.68 m/s, p = 0.038) were abolished when controlling for change in mean arterial pressure (∆MAP) (p = 0.687). The main effects of sex were detected for changes in systolic BPs (ps ≤ 0.029); more males (n = 13) saw BP reductions than females (n = 7). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate the superiority of acute trunk stretching over passive sitting of equated duration for BP in middle-aged to older adults, with an appreciable effect in males compared to females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylee West
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, P.O. Box 8076, Statesboro, GA, 30460, USA
- Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Kaelyn Spears
- Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Barry Joyner
- Center for Rehabilitation and Independent Living, Waters College of Health Professions, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Collin Smith
- Internal Medicine, East Georgia Regional Medical Center, Statesboro, GA, USA
| | - Nathaniel D M Jenkins
- Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Francois M. Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Gregory J Grosicki
- Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Siekirk
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, P.O. Box 8076, Statesboro, GA, 30460, USA.
- Center for Rehabilitation and Independent Living, Waters College of Health Professions, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA.
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6
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Lu X, Goulding RP, Mündel T, Schlader ZJ, Cotter JD, Koga S, Fujii N, Wang IL, Liu Z, Li HY, Wang H, Zheng H, Kondo N, Gu CY, Lei TH, Wang F. Interactive effects of exercise intensity and recovery posture on postexercise hypotension. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2024; 326:R567-R577. [PMID: 38646812 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00036.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Postexercise reduction in blood pressure, termed postexercise hypotension (PEH), is relevant for both acute and chronic health reasons and potentially for peripheral cardiovascular adaptations. We investigated the interactive effects of exercise intensity and recovery postures (seated, supine, and standing) on PEH. Thirteen normotensive men underwent a V̇o2max test on a cycle ergometer and five exhaustive constant load trials to determine critical power (CP) and the gas exchange threshold (GET). Subsequently, work-matched exercise trials were performed at two discrete exercise intensities (10% > CP and 10% < GET), with 1 h of recovery in each of the three postures. For both exercise intensities, standing posture resulted in a more substantial PEH (all P < 0.01). For both standing and seated recovery postures, the higher exercise intensity led to larger reductions in systolic [standing: -33 (11) vs. -21 (8) mmHg; seated: -34 (32) vs. -17 (37) mmHg, P < 0.01], diastolic [standing: -18 (7) vs. -8 (5) mmHg; seated: -10 (10) vs. -1 (4) mmHg, P < 0.01], and mean arterial pressures [-13 (8) vs. -2 (4) mmHg, P < 0.01], whereas in the supine recovery posture, the reduction in diastolic [-9 (9) vs. -4 (3) mmHg, P = 0.08) and mean arterial pressures [-7 (5) vs. -3 (4) mmHg, P = 0.06] was not consistently affected by prior exercise intensity. PEH is more pronounced during recovery from exercise performed above CP versus below GET. However, the effect of exercise intensity on PEH is largely abolished when recovery is performed in the supine posture.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The magnitude of postexercise hypotension is greater following the intensity above the critical power in a standing position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Lu
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Nanshan Qianhai Era No.2 Kindergarten, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Richie P Goulding
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Human Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toby Mündel
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zachary J Schlader
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University School of Public Health Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
| | - James D Cotter
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Shunsaku Koga
- Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoto Fujii
- Faculty of Sport and Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - I-Lin Wang
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Yu Li
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Huixin Zheng
- Centre for Translational Research, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Narihiko Kondo
- Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Chin-Yi Gu
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tze-Huan Lei
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, People's Republic of China
| | - Faming Wang
- Centre for Molecular Biosciences and Non-Communicable Diseases, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
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7
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Brasil IA, Silva JCPL, Pescatello LS, Farinatti P. Central and peripheral mechanisms underlying postexercise hypotension: a scoping review. J Hypertens 2024; 42:751-763. [PMID: 38525904 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) reduction occurs after a single bout of exercise, referred to as postexercise hypotension (PEH). The clinical importance of PEH has been advocated owing to its potential contribution to chronic BP lowering, and as a predictor of responders to exercise training as an antihypertensive therapy. However, the mechanisms underlying PEH have not been well defined. This study undertook a scoping review of research on PEH mechanisms, as disclosed in literature reviews. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, and Sport Discus databases until January 2023 to locate 21 reviews - 13 narrative, four systematic with 102 primary trials, and four meta-analyses with 75 primary trials involving 1566 participants. We classified PEH mechanisms according to major physiological systems, as central (autonomic nervous system, baroreflex, cardiac) or peripheral (vascular, hemodynamic, humoral, and renal). In general, PEH has been related to changes in autonomic control leading to reduced cardiac output and/or sustained vasodilation. However, the role of autonomic control in eliciting PEH has been challenged in favor of local vasodilator factors. The contribution of secondary physiological outcomes to changes in cardiac output and/or vascular resistance during PEH remains unclear, especially by exercise modality and population (normal vs. elevated BP, young vs. older adults). Further research adopting integrated approaches to investigate the potential mechanisms of PEH is warranted, particularly when the magnitude and duration of BP reductions are clinically relevant. (PROSPERO CRD42021256569).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iedda A Brasil
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José Cristiano P L Silva
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Faculty of Physical Education, University Center of Volta Redonda, Volta Redonda, Brazil
| | - Linda S Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Paulo Farinatti
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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8
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Le Bourvellec M, Delpech N, Hervo J, Bosquet L, Enea C. Effect of exercise modalities on postexercise hypotension in pre- and postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:864-876. [PMID: 38328822 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00684.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Hormonal changes associated with menopause increase the risk of hypertension. Postexercise hypotension (PEH) is an important tool in the prevention and management of hypertension; however, menopause may alter this response. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis [International Prospective Registered of Systematic Review (PROSPERO): CRD42023297557] was to evaluate the effect of exercise modalities (aerobic, AE; resistance, RE; and combined exercise, CE: AE + RE) on PEH in women, according to their menopausal status (premenopausal or postmenopausal). We searched controlled trials in PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Science Direct published between 1990 and March 2023. Inclusion criteria were normotensive, pre- and hypertensive, pre- and postmenopausal women who performed an exercise session compared with a control session and reported systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for at least 30 min after the sessions. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. Standardized mean differences (Hedge's g) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and Q-test and Z-test were conducted to assess differences between moderators. Forty-one trials with 718 women (474 menopausal) were included. Overall, we found with moderate evidence that SBP and DBP decreased significantly after exercise session (SBP: g = -0.69, 95% CI -0.87 to -0.51; DBP: g = -0.31, 95% CI -0.47 to -0.14), with no difference between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Regarding exercise modalities, RE is more effective than AE and CE in lowering blood pressure (BP) in women regardless of menopausal status. In conclusion, women's menopausal status does not influence the magnitude of PEH, and the best modality to reduce BP in women seems to be RE.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This meta-analysis has demonstrated that a single bout of exercise induces postexercise hypotension (PEH) in women and that the hormonal shift occurring with menopause does not influence the magnitude of PEH. However, we have shown with moderate evidence that the effectiveness of exercise modalities differs between pre- and postmenopausal women. Resistance and combined exercises are the best modalities to induce PEH in premenopausal women, whereas resistance and aerobic exercises are more effective in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Le Bourvellec
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Delpech
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jéromine Hervo
- Laboratoire de Traitement de l'information Médicale (LaTIM), UMR1101, Université Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Laurent Bosquet
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Carina Enea
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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9
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Kiernan PA, Day CA, Berkowsky RS, Zaleski AL, Gao S, Taylor BA, Santos LP, Panza G, Kramarz M, McCormick K, Thompson PD, Fernandez AB, Chen MH, Pescatello LS. Reliability and Time Course of Postexercise Hypotension during Exercise Training among Adults with Hypertension. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:42. [PMID: 38392256 PMCID: PMC10889392 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Postexercise hypotension (PEH), or the immediate decrease in blood pressure (BP) lasting for 24 h following an exercise bout, is well-established; however, the influence of exercise training on PEH dynamics is unknown. This study investigated the reliability and time course of change of PEH during exercise training among adults with hypertension. PEH responders (n = 10) underwent 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training, 40 min/session at moderate-to-vigorous intensity for 3 d/weeks. Self-measured BP was used to calculate PEH before and for 10 min after each session. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) determined PEH reliability and goodness-of-fit for each week, respectively. Participants were obese (30.6 ± 4.3 kg∙m-2), middle-aged (57.2 ± 10.5 years), and mostly men (60%) with stage I hypertension (136.5 ± 12.1/83.4 ± 6.7 mmHg). Exercise training adherence was 90.6 ± 11.8% with 32.6 ± 4.2 sessions completed. PEH occurred in 89.7 ± 8.3% of these sessions with BP reductions of 9.3 ± 13.1/3.2 ± 6.8 mmHg. PEH reliability was moderate (ICC ~0.6). AIC analysis revealed a stabilization of maximal systolic and diastolic BP reductions at 3 weeks and 10 weeks, respectively. PEH persisted throughout exercise training at clinically meaningful levels, suggesting that the antihypertensive effects of exercise training may be largely due to PEH. Further studies in larger samples and under ambulatory conditions are needed to confirm these novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Kiernan
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Christina A Day
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Rachel S Berkowsky
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | | | - Simiao Gao
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | | | - Lucas P Santos
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90035-903, Brazil
| | | | - Melody Kramarz
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Kyle McCormick
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | | | | | - Ming-Hui Chen
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Linda S Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Oliveira-Silva L, Fecchio RY, Silva Junior NDD, Pio-Abreu A, Silva GVD, Drager LF, Silva de Sousa JC, Forjaz CLDM. Post-dynamic, isometric and combined resistance exercise responses in medicated hypertensive men. J Hum Hypertens 2024; 38:52-61. [PMID: 37670145 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-023-00859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dynamic resistance exercise (DRE), isometric handgrip exercise (IHE) and combined resistance exercise (DRE+IHE) on post-exercise hypotension (PEH) and its hemodynamic, autonomic, and vascular mechanisms. For that, 70 medicated hypertensives men (52 ± 8 years) were randomly allocated to perform one of the following interventions: DRE (3 sets, 8 exercises, 50% of 1RM), IHE (4 sets, 2 min, 30% of MVC), CRE (DRE+IHE) and control (CON, seated rest). Before and after the interventions, blood pressure (BP), systemic hemodynamics, cardiovascular autonomic modulation and brachial vascular parameters were evaluated. After the DRE and CRE, systolic and mean BP decreased (SBP = -7 ± 6 and -8 ± 8 mmHg; MBP -4 ± 5 and -5 ± 5 mmHg, respectively, all P < 0.05), vascular conductance increased (+ 0.47 ± 0.61 and +0.40 ± 0.47 ml.min-1.mmHg-1, respectively, both P < 0.05) and baroreflex sensitivity decreased (-0.15 ± 0.38 and -0.29 ± 0.47 ms/mmHg, respectively, both P < 0.05) in comparison to pre-exercise values. No variable presented any significant change after IHE. The responses observed after CRE were similar to DRE and significantly different from CON and IHE. In conclusion, DRE, but not IHE, elicits PEH, which happens concomitantly to skeletal muscle vasodilation and decreased baroreflex sensitivity. Moreover, adding IHE to DRE does not potentiate PEH and neither changes its mechanisms.Clinical Trial Registration: Data from this study derived from an ongoing longitudinal clinical trial approved by the Institution's Ethics Committee of Human Research (process 2.870.688) and registered at the Brazilian Clinical Trials (RBR-4fgknb) at http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br .
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Oliveira-Silva
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Yokoyama Fecchio
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natan Daniel da Silva Junior
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Pio-Abreu
- Unidade de Hipertensão, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Hospital das Clínicas, HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovânio Vieira da Silva
- Unidade de Hipertensão, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Hospital das Clínicas, HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano Ferreira Drager
- Unidade de Hipertensão, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Hospital das Clínicas, HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Unidade de Hipertensão, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Silva de Sousa
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lei T, Wang I, Chen Y, Liu X, Fujii N, Koga S, Perry B, Mundel T, Wang F, Cao Y, Dobashi K, Kondo N, Li H, Goulding RP. Critical power is a key threshold determining the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension in non-hypertensive young males. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1409-1421. [PMID: 37712355 PMCID: PMC10988428 DOI: 10.1113/ep091429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of different exercise intensities on the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension has not been rigorously clarified with respect to the metabolic thresholds that partition discrete exercise intensity domains (i.e., critical power and the gas exchange threshold (GET)). We hypothesized that the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension would be greater following isocaloric exercise performed above versus below critical power. Twelve non-hypertensive men completed a ramp incremental exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake and the GET, followed by five exhaustive constant load trials to determine critical power and W' (work available above critical power). Subsequently, criterion trials were performed at four discrete intensities matched for total work performed (i.e., isocaloric) to determine the impact of exercise intensity on post-exercise hypotension: 10% above critical power (10% > CP), 10% below critical power (10% < CP), 10% above GET (10% > GET) and 10% below GET (10% < GET). The post-exercise decrease (i.e., the minimum post-exercise values) in mean arterial (10% > CP: -12.7 ± 8.3 vs. 10% < CP: v3.5 ± 2.9 mmHg), diastolic (10% > CP: -9.6 ± 9.8 vs. 10% < CP: -1.4 ± 5.0 mmHg) and systolic (10% > CP: -23.8 ± 7.0 vs. 10% < CP: -9.9 ± 4.3 mmHg) blood pressures were greater following exercise performed 10% > CP compared to all other trials (all P < 0.01). No effects of exercise intensity on the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension were observed during exercise performed below critical power (all P > 0.05). Critical power represents a threshold above which the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension is greatly augmented. NEW FINDINGS: What is the central questions of this study? What is the influence of exercise intensity on the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension with respect to metabolic thresholds? What is the main finding and its importance? The magnitude of post-exercise hypotension is greatly increased following exercise performed above critical power. However, below critical power, there was no clear effect of exercise intensity on the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tze‐Huan Lei
- College of Physical EducationHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
| | - I‐Lin Wang
- College of Physical EducationHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
| | - Yi‐Ming Chen
- Department of Food ScienceFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Xin‐Hao Liu
- College of Physical EducationHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
| | - Naoto Fujii
- Faculty of Health and Sport SciencesUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Shunsaku Koga
- Applied Physiology LaboratoryKobe Design UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Blake Perry
- School of Health SciencesMassey UniversityWellingtonNew Zealand
| | - Toby Mundel
- Department of KinesiologyBrock UniversitySt CatharinesCanada
| | - Faming Wang
- Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST)KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Yinhang Cao
- School of Athletic PerformanceShanghai Sport UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kohei Dobashi
- Faculty of EducationHokkaido University of EducationAsahikawaJapan
| | - Narihiko Kondo
- Laboratory for Applied Human Physiology, Graduate School of Human Development and EnvironmentKobe UniversityKobeJapan
| | - Hao‐Yu Li
- College of Physical EducationHubei Normal UniversityHuangshiChina
| | - Richie P. Goulding
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Movement SciencesAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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12
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Jain N, Bedi M, Varshney V. A study of post exercise hypotension in normotensive offspring of hypertensives after acute exercise. Indian J Med Res 2023; 158:311-316. [PMID: 37861625 PMCID: PMC10720957 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2952_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Post exercise hypotension (PEH) is a well-known entity in hypertensive and borderline hypertensive patients. Since the results are inconsistent in normotensives and there is a genetic predisposition of the individuals to hypertension, we hypothesized that PEH is expected to occur in those normotensives who are offspring of hypertensive parents. In this study, we therefore aimed to compare the magnitude of PEH after an acute bout of moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in the offspring of hypertensives vs. offspring of normotensives. Methods Sixty normotensive participants of both genders (male and female in equal proportion), aged 18-40 yr, were divided into two groups based on their family history of hypertension. The cases (Group 1, n=30) consisted of the normotensives who were offspring of hypertensive parents while the normotensives who were offspring of normotensive parents were taken as the controls (Group 2, n=30). The hypertensive patients were excluded from the study. The individuals underwent a control session (sitting at rest for 5-10 min), followed by a single acute bout of MICE based on the target heart rate (60-70% of maximum heart rate) on a treadmill at the same time of the day (in the morning). The pre- and post-exercise measurements (after 10 min post exercise) of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were taken in all the participants using mercury sphygmomanometer in sitting position on the left arm. The intergroup and intragroup net effects of exercise on BP were compared with P<0.05 considered significant. Results The mean SBP was reduced by 5 mmHg than the baseline in the offspring of hypertensives (cases) as compared to the controls after exercise (P=0.01). The fall in mean DBP and MAP was insignificant across both the groups, but the magnitude of PEH measured as delta changes (BP before and after exercise) in SBP (~5 mmHg) and MAP (~4 mmHg) were significantly higher for the cases as compared to the controls (P=0.01). Interpretation & conclusions PEH occurs in higher magnitude in normotensives who are genetically predisposed to hypertension, such as offspring of hypertensive parents, and may find regular exercise-induced PEH as an important primary preventive tool to prevent or delay the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Jain
- Department of Physiology, World College of Medical Science & Hospital, Jhajjar, Haryana, India
| | - Mona Bedi
- Department of Physiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India
| | - V.P. Varshney
- Department of Physiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India
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Aly K, Yeung PK. Post-Exercise Hypotension: An Alternative Management Strategy for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease? J Clin Med 2023; 12:4456. [PMID: 37445491 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including hypertension, is a leading cause of death worldwide and imposes an enormous burden on our societies [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Aly
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Pollen K Yeung
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Hammerbeck U, Rowland J, Heal C, Collins R, Smith G, Birleson E, Vail A, Parry-Jones AR. Early mobilisation is associated with lower subacute blood pressure and variability in ICH: A retrospective cohort study ✰. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2023; 32:106890. [PMID: 37099928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2022.106890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very early rehabilitation after stroke appears to worsen outcome, particularly in intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Plausible mechanisms include increased mean blood pressure (BP) and BP variability. AIMS To test associations between early mobilisation, subacute BP and survival, in observational data of ICH patients during routine clinical care. METHODS We collected demographic, clinical and imaging data from 1372 consecutive spontaneous ICH patients admitted between 2 June 2013 and 28 September 2018. Time to first mobilisation (defined as walking, standing, or sitting out-of-bed) was extracted from electronic records. We evaluated associations between early mobilisation (within 24 h of onset) and both subacute BP and death by 30 days using multifactorial linear and logistic regression analyses respectively. RESULTS Mobilisation at 24 h was not associated with increased odds of death by 30 days when adjusting for key prognostic factors (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2 to 1.1, p = 0.07). Mobilisation at 24 h was independently associated with both lower mean systolic BP (-4.5 mmHg, 95% CI -7.5 to -1.5 mmHg, p = 0.003) and lower diastolic BP variability (-1.3 mmHg, 95% CI -2.4 to -0.2 mg, p = 0.02) during the first 72 h after admission. CONCLUSIONS Adjusted analysis in this observational dataset did not find an association between early mobilisation and death by 30 days. We found early mobilisation at 24 h to be independently associated with lower mean systolic BP and lower diastolic BP variability over 72 h. Further work is needed to establish mechanisms for the possible detrimental effect of early mobilisation in ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Hammerbeck
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Joshua Rowland
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Calvin Heal
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Centre for Biostatistics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Rachael Collins
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Gemma Smith
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Emily Birleson
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Andy Vail
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Centre for Biostatistics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Adrian R Parry-Jones
- Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Northern Care Alliance & University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK.
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15
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Baffour-Awuah B, Pearson MJ, Dieberg G, Wiles JD, Smart NA. An evidence-based guide to the efficacy and safety of isometric resistance training in hypertension and clinical implications. Clin Hypertens 2023; 29:9. [PMID: 36918919 PMCID: PMC10015931 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-022-00232-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 30 randomized controlled trials, supported by individual patient-level and group-level meta-analyses and a Delphi analysis of expert opinion, unequivocally show isometric resistance training (IRT) elicits antihypertensive benefits in healthy people and those with chronic illness. We aim to provide efficacy and safety evidence, and a guide for IRT prescription and delivery. Recommendations are made for the use of IRT in specific patient populations and appropriate methods for IRT delivery. Published data suggest IRT consistently elicits mean blood pressure reductions of 7.4/3.3 mmHg systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure, equivalent to antihypertensive medication monotherapy. Blood pressure reductions of this size are associated with an approximate 13% to 22% reduction in major cardiovascular events. Moreover, IRT is safe in a range of patient populations. We suggest that IRT has the greatest potential benefit when used as an antihypertensive therapy in individuals unwilling and/or unable to complete aerobic exercise, or who have had limited adherence or success with it; individuals with resistant or uncontrolled hypertension, already taking at least two pharmacological antihypertensive agents; and healthy or clinical populations, as an adjunct to aerobic exercise and dietary intervention in those who have not yet attained control of their hypertension. IRT is efficacious and produces clinically meaningful blood pressure reductions (systolic blood pressure, 7 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure, 3 mmHg). IRT is safe and typical program delivery requires only about 17 min weekly. IRT should be used as an adjunct to other exercise modalities, in people unable to complete other types of exercise, or in resistant hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biggie Baffour-Awuah
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Melissa J Pearson
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
| | - Gudrun Dieberg
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.
| | - Jonathan D Wiles
- Sports Sciences, School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK
| | - Neil A Smart
- Clinical Exercise Physiology, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
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Liu SH, Wu YR, Chen W, Su CH, Chin CL. Using Ballistocardiogram and Impedance Plethysmogram for Minimal Contact Measurement of Blood Pressure Based on a Body Weight-Fat Scale. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2318. [PMID: 36850917 PMCID: PMC9966183 DOI: 10.3390/s23042318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electronic health (eHealth) is a strategy to improve the physical and mental condition of a human, collecting daily physiological data and information from digital apparatuses. Body weight and blood pressure (BP) are the most popular and important physiological data. The goal of this study is to develop a minimal contact BP measurement method based on a commercial body weight-fat scale, capturing biometrics when users stand on it. The pulse transit time (PTT) is extracted from the ballistocardiogram (BCG) and impedance plethysmogram (IPG), measured by four strain gauges and four footpads of a commercial body weight-fat scale. Cuffless BP measurement using the electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) serves as the reference method. The BP measured by a commercial BP monitor is considered the ground truth. Twenty subjects participated in this study. By the proposed model, the root-mean-square errors and correlation coefficients (r2s) of estimated systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are 7.3 ± 2.1 mmHg and 4.5 ± 1.8 mmHg, and 0.570 ± 0.205 and 0.284 ± 0.166, respectively. This accuracy level achieves the C grade of the corresponding IEEE standard. Thus, the proposed method has the potential benefit for eHealth monitoring in daily application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shing-Hong Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung City 41349, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Rong Wu
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung City 41349, Taiwan
| | - Wenxi Chen
- Biomedical Information Engineering Laboratory, The University of Aizu, Aizu-Wakamatsu City 965-8580, Japan
| | - Chun-Hung Su
- Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Li Chin
- Department of Medical Informatics, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung City 40201, Taiwan
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Fonseca GF, Michalski AC, Ferreira AS, Costa VAB, Massaferri R, Farinatti P, Cunha FA. Is postexercise hypotension a method-dependent phenomenon in chronic stroke? A crossover randomized controlled trial. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2023. [PMID: 36646496 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the reproducibility of postexercise hypotension (PEH) detection after two bouts of mixed circuit training (MCT) using three approaches that accounts the pre-exercise values and/or a control session (CTL) to calculate PEH [i.e., ( A 1 = post - exercise - pre - exercise ${A}_{1}=\text{post}{\rm{ \mbox{-} }}\text{exercise}-\text{pre}{\rm{ \mbox{-} }}\text{exercise}$ ); ( A 2 = post - exercise - post - CTL ) $({A}_{2}=\text{post}{\rm{ \mbox{-} }}\text{exercise}-\text{post}{\rm{ \mbox{-} }}\text{CTL})$ ; A 3 = ( post - exercise - pre - exercise ) - ( post - CTL - pre - CTL ) ] ${A}_{3}=(\text{post}{\rm{ \mbox{-} }}\text{exercise}-\text{pre}{\rm{ \mbox{-} }}\text{exercise})-(\text{post}{\rm{ \mbox{-} }}\text{CTL}-\text{pre}{\rm{ \mbox{-} }}\text{CTL})]$ in chronic stroke (i.e., ≥6 months poststroke). The proportion of PEH responders determined using different cut-off values for PEH was also compared (4 mmHg vs. minimal detectable difference). METHODS Seven participants (age: 56 ± 12 years; time post-stroke: 91 ± 55 months) performed two bouts of MCT and a CTL. The MCT involved 10 exercises with 3 sets of 15-repetition maximum, with each set interspersed with 45 s of walking. The systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were assessed 10-min before and every 10-min along 40-min after CTL and MCT. RESULTS The two-way random intraclass correlation coefficient for single measurements (ICC2,1 ) ranges for SBP were: A1 : 0.580-0.829, A2 : 0.937-0.994, A3 : 0.278-0.774; for DBP: A1 : 0.497-0.916, A2 : 0.133-0.969, A3 : 0.175-0.930. The proportion of PEH responders detected using 4 mmHg or the minimal detectable difference as cut-off values was not different in 97% of analyses (p > 0.05), and higher when using 4 mmHg in 3% of analyses (p = 0.031). The standard error of measurement was ≥4 mmHg in 47% of analyses for SBP, and 40% for DBP. CONCLUSIONS The most reliable approach for determining PEH in chronic stroke was to subtract the postexercise from the post-CTL values. The proportion of PEH responders was not affected by the cut-off values applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme F Fonseca
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Graduate Program in Exercise Science and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André C Michalski
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Graduate Program in Exercise Science and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Arthur S Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Augusto Motta University Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victor A B Costa
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Graduate Program in Exercise Science and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato Massaferri
- Graduate Program in Operational Human Performance, Air Force University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Farinatti
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Graduate Program in Exercise Science and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe A Cunha
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Graduate Program in Exercise Science and Sports, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Khan Mamun MMR, Sherif A. Advancement in the Cuffless and Noninvasive Measurement of Blood Pressure: A Review of the Literature and Open Challenges. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:bioengineering10010027. [PMID: 36671599 PMCID: PMC9854981 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a chronic condition that is one of the prominent reasons behind cardiovascular disease, brain stroke, and organ failure. Left unnoticed and untreated, the deterioration in a health condition could even result in mortality. If it can be detected early, with proper treatment, undesirable outcomes can be avoided. Until now, the gold standard is the invasive way of measuring blood pressure (BP) using a catheter. Additionally, the cuff-based and noninvasive methods are too cumbersome or inconvenient for frequent measurement of BP. With the advancement of sensor technology, signal processing techniques, and machine learning algorithms, researchers are trying to find the perfect relationships between biomedical signals and changes in BP. This paper is a literature review of the studies conducted on the cuffless noninvasive measurement of BP using biomedical signals. Relevant articles were selected using specific criteria, then traditional techniques for BP measurement were discussed along with a motivation for cuffless measurement use of biomedical signals and machine learning algorithms. The review focused on the progression of different noninvasive cuffless techniques rather than comparing performance among different studies. The literature survey concluded that the use of deep learning proved to be the most accurate among all the cuffless measurement techniques. On the other side, this accuracy has several disadvantages, such as lack of interpretability, computationally extensive, standard validation protocol, and lack of collaboration with health professionals. Additionally, the continuing work by researchers is progressing with a potential solution for these challenges. Finally, future research directions have been provided to encounter the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Sherif
- School of Computing Sciences and Computer Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA
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Shaw BS, Lloyd R, Da Silva M, Coetzee D, Moran J, Waterworth SPW, Mathunjwa ML, Shaw I. German volume training for health promotion: Acute vasopressor, pulmonary and metabolic responses. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1025017. [PMID: 36601344 PMCID: PMC9806216 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1025017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance training (RT) is increasingly recommended for incorporation into comprehensive fitness or "exercise as medicine" programs. However, the acute effects of RT, and especially its different sub-types, and how they impact health outcomes are not fully investigated. This study evaluated German Volume Training (GVT) ("10 set × 10 rep scheme") for its efficacy for its use in health settings. This study utilized a randomized crossover design with subjects serving as their own controls to establish baseline values. Subjects were blinded to the study hypothesis. Subjects performed a single session of GVT or no exercise, in a randomised order separated by a 1-week washout period. Outcomes were assessed before and immediately post-exercise. GVT significantly (p < 0.05) decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), but increased heart rate (HR), rate pressure product (RPP) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). No changes were found in the measured spirometry parameters. Increases were observed in carbon dioxide production (VCO2) and minute ventilation (VE), but not respiratory exchange ratio. Post hoc analysis demonstrated that post-GVT values were significantly lower for SBP (p = 0.017; d = 1.00), DBP (p = 0.013; d = 0.90), MAP (p = 0.024; d = 1.06), and VCO2 (p = 0.009; d = -1.32), and significantly higher for RPP (p = 0.001; d = -3.11), RPE (p = 0.001; d = -14.14), and HR (p = 0.001; d = -3.00). This study indicates that acute GVT promotes post-exercise hypotension and is of sufficient intensity to increase both objective HR and subjective RPE intensities appropriately for use in a variety of health promotion settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon S. Shaw
- Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Rohan Lloyd
- Department of Sport and Movement Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Monica Da Silva
- Department of Sport and Movement Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Donne Coetzee
- Department of Sport and Movement Studies, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jason Moran
- Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sally P. W. Waterworth
- Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Musa L. Mathunjwa
- Department of Human Movement Science, University of Zululand, Kwadlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Ina Shaw
- Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Ina Shaw,
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de Freitas VH, Mariano IM, Amaral AL, Rodrigues ML, Carrijo VHV, Nakamura FY, Puga GM. Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Variability Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training in Untrained Postmenopausal Women. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2022; 93:749-757. [PMID: 34709130 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1917756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) responses in untrained postmenopausal women submitted to acute single sessions of high-intensity interval training (HIT). Method: Sixteen postmenopausal women (59.9 ± 5.6 years, 26.7 ± 3.0 kg/m2) participated in a random order of two acute sessions in a balanced crossover format: control without exercise in sitting position or HIT session. BP and heart rate (HR) were recorded before and during 60 min following the sessions. Results: Diastolic (DBP), mean BP (MBP), and double product (DPO) showed interaction (p < .01). DBP, MBP, and DPO increased (p < .01) after HIT but not after the control session. The area under the curve (AUC) of DBP (p = .02) and DPO (p < .01) were different between conditions. Time and frequency indices of HRV presented interaction (p < .05) which impaired these indices post-HIT, but not post-control. The AUC of time and frequency HRV indices were different between conditions. Conclusions: A single session of HIT may increase BP and cardiac stress and cause perturbation of the autonomic function in untrained postmenopausal women.
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21
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Carpes LO, Domingues LB, Bertoletti O, Fuchs SC, Ferrari R. Inter-individual responses of post-exercise hypotension in older adults with hypertension: An exploratory analysis of different exercise modalities. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1050609. [PMID: 36505064 PMCID: PMC9727289 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1050609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Various physical exercise modalities can acutely reduce blood pressure (BP). However, not all individuals respond similarly after an exercise session. Purpose: To measure inter-individual variations in 24-h BP after a single bout of various exercise modalities in older adults with hypertension. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from participants with hypertension (≥60 years) previously included in three randomized controlled trials on this topic. BP was assessed using ambulatory BP monitoring. We compared the mean changes in total 24-h, daytime, and nighttime BP after aerobic (AE, n = 19), combined (COMB, n = 19), resistance (RES, n = 23), and isometric handgrip (ISO, n = 18) exercise sessions to a non-exercising control session (C). The minimum detectable changes to classify the participant as a "Responder" for the corresponding exercise protocol were 4 and 2 mmHg for systolic and diastolic BP, respectively. Results: The prevalence of Responders for systolic BP was as follows: AE 24-h: 37%, daytime: 47% and nighttime: 37%; COMB 24-h: 26%, daytime: 21% and nighttime: 32%; RES 24-h: 26%, daytime: 26% and nighttime: 35%; and ISO 24-h: 22%, daytime: 22% and nighttime: 39%. For diastolic BP, the prevalence of Responders was as follows: AE 24-h: 53%, daytime: 53% and nighttime: 31%; COMB 24-h: 26%, daytime: 26% and nighttime: 31%; RES 24-h: 35%, daytime: 22% and nighttime: 52%; and ISO 24-h: 44%, daytime: 33% and nighttime: 33%. Conclusion: There was a high inter-individual variation of BP after a single bout of various exercises in older adults. Responders had higher BP values on the control day without exercise. Various exercise modalities might acutely reduce 24-h BP in older adults with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro O. Carpes
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil,Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas B. Domingues
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil,Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Otávio Bertoletti
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sandra C. Fuchs
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil,Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil,Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil,Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil,*Correspondence: Rodrigo Ferrari,
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22
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Del Seppia C, Federighi G, Lapi D, Gerosolimo F, Scuri R. Effects of a catechins-enriched diet associated with moderate physical exercise in the prevention of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17303. [PMID: 36243879 PMCID: PMC9569358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21458-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension represents the main risk factor for the onset of cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacological treatments to control hypertension have been associated with new treatments involving physical activity and/or the intake of natural components (nutraceuticals). We here report the effects produced by a combination of a natural component (catechins) and a moderate exercise program on the development of hypertension in spontaneous hypertensive rats compared with those of each individual treatment. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured with a non-invasive method in 28 rats randomly assigned to four groups: rats subjected to moderate physical exercise; rats with a catechins-enriched diet; rats subjected to moderate physical exercise combined with a catechins-enriched diet; control, untreated-rats left to age. All treatments were applied for 6 weeks. The statistical analysis revealed that the three treatments significantly reduced the weekly increase in arterial blood pressure observed in control rats (SBP, P < 0.0001; DBP, P = 0.005). However, the reduction of arterial blood pressure induced by combined treatments was not higher than that induced by the single treatment, but more prolonged. All treatments showed strong antioxidative properties. Our data show that physical activity and a diet enriched with catechins individually have an important hypotensive effect, while the association did not produce a higher hypotensive effect than the single treatment, even if it was able to decrease blood pressure for a longer time. These findings have important implications for developing a protocol to apply in novel hypertension prevention procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Del Seppia
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Federighi
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dosminga Lapi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Gerosolimo
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossana Scuri
- Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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23
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Ramis TR, Boeno FP, Leal-Menezes R, Munhoz SV, Farinha JB, Ribeiro JL, Reischak-Oliveira A. Effects of exercise modalities on decreased blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Front Physiol 2022; 13:993258. [PMID: 36311227 PMCID: PMC9614347 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.993258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of aerobic and resistance exercises on blood pressure and endothelial blood markers. We also correlated post-exercise blood pressure response with baseline cardiovascular parameters in middle-aged patients with hypertension. This cross-sectional study randomized 54 volunteers into the aerobic exercise group (AG, n = 27; 45.6 ± 7.7 years) or dynamic resistance exercise group (RG, n = 27; 45.8 ± 8.4 years). Blood marker evaluation, cardiopulmonary exercise tests, resting blood pressure monitoring, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), flow-mediated dilatation monitoring, and body composition evaluation were carried out. Exercise sessions were performed to evaluate post-exercise hypotension (PEH) and endothelial marker responses, in addition to post-exercise ABPM (ABPMex). This study is an arm of the study which was approved by the local ethics committee (No. 69373217.3.0000.5347) in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration and was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03282942). The AG performed walking/running at 60% of the reserve heart rate, while the RG performed 10 exercises with two sets of 15–20 repetitions. The mean 24 h ABPM and ABPMex values showed no significant statistical differences. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure hypotension after aerobic and dynamic resistance were −10.59 ± 5.24/−6.15 ± 6.41 mmHg and −5.56 ± 7.61/−6.20 ± 8.25 mmHg, respectively. For an up-to-7 h assessment of resting pressure, there was a positive effect in the aerobic group. The concentrations of nitrites/nitrates (NOx) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) did not change during hypotension. Moreover, PEH and ABPMex were significantly correlated with baseline health variables. Thus, when middle-aged patients with hypertension perform aerobic or resistance exercise, the NOx/ET-1 pathway does not provide the best explanation for PEH. Finally, we found associations between baseline cardiovascular variables and endothelial vasoconstrictors with PEH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Rozales Ramis
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Thiago Rozales Ramis,
| | - Franccesco Pinto Boeno
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Rodrigo Leal-Menezes
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Samuel Vargas Munhoz
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juliano Boufleur Farinha
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jerri Luiz Ribeiro
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alvaro Reischak-Oliveira
- Exercise Research Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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24
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Álvarez C, Guede-Rojas F, Ramírez-Campillo R, Andrade DC, Vásquez-Gómez J, Rodríguez-Rodríguez F, Ciolac EG, Caamaño-Navarrete F, Delgado-Floody P. Characterizing the interindividual postexercise hypotension response for two order groups of concurrent training in patients with morbid obesity. Front Physiol 2022; 13:913645. [PMID: 36299263 PMCID: PMC9589449 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.913645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Postexercise hypotension (PEH) is a common physiological phenomenon occurring immediately after endurance training (ET), resistance training (RT), and ET plus RT, also termed concurrent training (CT); however, there is little knowledge about the interindividual and magnitude response of PEH in morbidly obese patients. Aim: The aims of this study were (1) to investigate the effect of CT order (ET + RT vs. RT + ET) on the blood pressure responses; 2) characterize these responses in responders and nonresponders, and 3) identify potential baseline outcomes for predicting blood pressure decreases as responders. Methods: A quasi-experimental study developed in sedentary morbidly obese men and women (age 43.6 ± 11.3 years; body mass index [BMI] ≥40 kg/m2) was assigned to a CT group of ET plus RT (ET + RT; n = 19; BMI 47.8 ± 16.7) or RT plus ET order group (RT + ET; n = 17; BMI 43.0 ± 8.0). Subjects of both groups received eight exercise sessions over four weeks. Primary outcomes include systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), mean arterial pressure [MAP], heart rate at rest [HR], and pulse pressure [PP] measurements before and after 10 min post-exercise. Secondary outcomes were other anthropometric, body composition, metabolic, and physical fitness parameters. Using the delta ∆SBP reduction, quartile categorization (Q) in “high” (Rs: quartile 4), “moderate” (MRs: quartile 3), “low” (LRs: quartile 2), and “nonresponders” (NRs: quartile 1) was reported. Results: Significant pre–post changes were observed in ET + RT in session 2 for SBP (131.6 vs. 123.4 mmHg, p = 0.050) and session 4 (131.1 vs. 125.2 mmHg, p = 0.0002), while the RT + ET group showed significant reductions in session 4 (134.2 vs. 125.3 mmHg, p < 0.001). No significant differences were detected in the sum of the eight sessions for SBP (∑∆SBP) between ET + RT vs. RT + ET (−5.7 vs. −4.3 mmHg, p = 0.552). Interindividual analyses revealed significant differences among frequencies comparing Q1 “NRs” (n = 8; 22.2%), Q2 “LRs” (n = 8; 22.2%), Q3 “MRs” (n = 9; 25.0%), and Q4 “HRs” (n = 11; 30.5%), p < 0.0001. Quartile comparisons showed significant differences in SBP changes (p = 0.035). Linear regression analyses revealed significant association between ∑∆SBP with body fat % (β –3.826, R2 0.211 [21.1%], p = 0.031), skeletal muscle mass [β –2.150, R2 0.125 (12.5%), p = 0.023], fasting glucose [β 1.273, R2 0.078 (7.8%), p = 0.003], triglycerides [β 0.210, R2 0.014 (1.4%), p = 0.008], and the 6-min walking test [β 0.183, R2 0.038 (3.8%), p = 0.044]. Conclusion: The CT order of ET + RT and RT + ET promote a similar ‘magnitude’ in the postexercise hypotensive effects during the eight sessions of both CT orders in 4 weeks of training duration, revealing “nonresponders” and ‘high’ responders that can be predicted from body composition, metabolic, and physical fitness outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Álvarez
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Guede-Rojas
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - David C. Andrade
- Exercise Applied Physiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación en Fisiología y Medicina de Altura, Departamento Biomedico, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Jaime Vásquez-Gómez
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Emmanuel Gomes Ciolac
- Exercise and Chronic Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, Sáo Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Buazil
| | | | - Pedro Delgado-Floody
- Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Strength & Conditioning Laboratory, CTS-642 Research Group, Department Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Pedro Delgado-Floody,
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25
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Zhou L, Feng W, Xiang N, Cheng Y, Ya X, Wang M, Wang X, Liu Y. Association between physical activity dimensions and the risk of hypertension among middle and older adults: A cross-sectional study in China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:995755. [PMID: 36217539 PMCID: PMC9547049 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.995755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is known that insufficient physical activity is associated with the risk of hypertension, but the relationship to different physical activity dimensions within hypertension risk remains to be elucidated. Objective The objective of this study is to identify the association between physical activity intensity, frequency, duration, and volume with hypertension risk. Meanwhile, a dose-response experiment is conducted to determine the relationship between physical activity level and hypertension risk. Methods Data came from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2018), which included 14266 participants over the age of 45. Binary logistic regression models were established to assess the associations between different dimensions of physical activity and the risk of hypertension. Restricted cubic spline analysis was used to examine possible non-linear associations between physical activity volume and hypertension risk. Results For frequency, lower hypertension risk was associated with performing vigorous physical activity 6-7d/w (OR 0.82, 95%CI 0.73-0.93) and moderate physical activity 6-7d/w (OR 0.89, 95%CI 0.80-0.99). No significant association between any light physical activity frequency and hypertension was observed before and after being adjusted. For the duration, lower hypertension risk was observed in performing vigorous physical activity ≥240 min/d (OR 0.85, 95%CI 0.75-0.97) and moderate physical activity ≥240 min/d (OR 0.83, 95%CI 0.71-0.97). For volume, the risks of hypertension in the participants who reported TPA in the 3th and 4th of quantiles were reduced by 18% (OR 0.82, 95%CI 0.72-0.95) and 22% (OR 0.78, 95%CI 0.68-0.91). A non-linear dose-response association between total physical activity and the risk of hypertension was shown among all of the participants (P non-linearity < 0.05). Conclusion Higher frequency and longer duration of vigorous physical activity or moderate physical activity were significantly associated with a lower risk of hypertension. Higher physical activity levels were associated with a lower risk of hypertension and there was an inverse non-linear dose-response relationship between weekly total physical activity and the risk of hypertension. These findings provide further proof that hypertension could be prevented through increased physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhou
- Institute of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Physical Education, Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na Xiang
- Caoxian People's Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Institute of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xudong Ya
- Institute of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mingxia Wang
- Institute of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xingqi Wang
- School of Life Science, Biomedical R&D Center, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xingqi Wang
| | - Yujia Liu
- Institute of Physical Education, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China,Yujia Liu
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26
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A single functional training session induces positive emotions and post-exercise hypotension. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Blood flow restriction training on resting blood pressure and heart rate: a meta-analysis of the available literature. J Hum Hypertens 2022; 36:738-743. [PMID: 34140637 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-021-00561-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effects of blood flow restriction training on resting blood pressure and heart rate. A meta-analysis was completed in May 2020 including all previously published papers on blood flow restriction and was analyzed using a random effects model. To be included, studies needed to implement a blood flow restriction protocol compared to the same exercise protocol without restriction. A total of four studies met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis including four effect sizes for resting systolic blood pressure, four effect sizes for resting diastolic blood pressure, and three effect sizes for resting heart rate. There was evidence of a difference [mean difference (95 CI)] in resting systolic blood pressure between training with and without blood flow restriction [4.2 (0.3, 8.0) mmHg, p = 0.031]. No significant differences were observed when comparing resting diastolic blood pressure [1.2 (-1, 3.5) mmHg p = 0.274] and resting heart rate [-0.2 (-4.7, 4.1) bpm, p = 0.902] between chronic exercise with and without blood flow restriction. These results indicate that training with blood flow restriction may elicit an increase in resting systolic blood pressure. However, lack of data addressing this topic makes any conclusion speculative. Based on the results of the present study along with the overall lack of long-term data, it is suggested that future research on this topic is warranted. Recommendations include making changes in resting blood pressure a primary outcome and increasing the sample size of the interventions.
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28
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Effects of Acute Aquatic High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise on Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women with Different ACE Genotypes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19158985. [PMID: 35897355 PMCID: PMC9332206 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of acute aquatic high-intensity intermittent jumping (HIIJ) on blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women with different angiotensin-converting enzyme genotypes (ACE). We recruited 12 postmenopausal women carrying the ACE deletion/deletion (DD) genotype and 61 carrying the insertion/insertion or insertion/deletion (II/ID) genotype. The participants performed 12 trials of 30 s, 75% heart rate reserve (HRR) jumping, and 60 s, 50% HRR recovery, and 3 trials of 40 s upper limb resistance exercises were performed as fast as possible. The heart rate (HR) and BP were measured before exercise, immediately, 10 min, and 45 min after exercise. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured before and after exercise. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the DD genotype increased more significantly than those with the II/ID genotype post-exercise (30.8 ± 4.48 vs. 20.4 ± 2.00 mmHg, p = 0.038). The left and right sides of baPWV increased significantly after exercise (1444.8 ± 29.54 vs. 1473.4 ± 32.36 cm/s, p = 0.020; 1442.1 ± 30.34 vs. 1472.0 ± 33.09, p = 0.011), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The HIIJ increased baPWV. The postmenopausal women with the DD genotype have a higher SBP increased post-exercise than those with II/ID genotype. These findings suggest that the aquatic exercise program has better effects in decreasing blood pressure in postmenopausal women with the II/ID genotype. Those with the DD genotype should pay attention to the risk of increasing blood pressure after aquatic HIIJ exercise.
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29
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Brito LC, Marin TC, Azevêdo L, Rosa-Silva JM, Shea SA, Thosar SS. Chronobiology of Exercise: Evaluating the Best Time to Exercise for Greater Cardiovascular and Metabolic Benefits. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3621-3639. [PMID: 35766829 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Physiological function fluctuates across 24 h due to ongoing daily patterns of behaviors and environmental changes, including the sleep/wake, rest/activity, light/dark, and daily temperature cycles. The internal circadian system prepares the body for these anticipated behavioral and environmental changes, helping to orchestrate optimal cardiovascular and metabolic responses to these daily changes. In addition, circadian disruption, caused principally by exposure to artificial light at night (e.g., as occurs with night-shift work), increases the risk for both cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity and mortality. Regular exercise is a countermeasure against cardiovascular and metabolic risk, and recent findings suggest that the cardiovascular benefits on blood pressure and autonomic control are greater with evening exercise compared to morning exercise. Moreover, exercise can also reset the timing of the circadian system, which raises the possibility that appropriate timing of exercise could be used to counteract circadian disruption. This article introduces the overall functional relevance of the human circadian system and presents the evidence surrounding the concepts that the time of day that exercise is performed can modulate the cardiovascular and metabolic benefits. Further work is needed to establish exercise as a tool to appropriately reset the circadian system following circadian misalignment to preserve cardiovascular and metabolic health. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3621-3639, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro C Brito
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Chronobiology Applied & Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Thais C Marin
- Chronobiology Applied & Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Arts, Science and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luan Azevêdo
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia M Rosa-Silva
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven A Shea
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Saurabh S Thosar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.,Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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30
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Domingues LB, Carpes LDO, Fuchs SC, Ferrari R. Effects of a single beach tennis session on short-term blood pressure variability in individuals with hypertension: a randomized crossover trial. Blood Press Monit 2022; 27:185-191. [PMID: 35258025 DOI: 10.1097/mbp.0000000000000586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of blood pressure (BP) variability to estimate cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension, not all exercise modalities can reduce short-term BP variability, and no studies have measured the acute effects of recreational sports on short-term BP variability. We investigated the acute effects of a single beach tennis (BT) session on short-term BP variability in individuals with hypertension. Twenty-two participants took part in this randomized clinical trial. They were randomly allocated to a BT session and a nonexercise control session (Con). BT and Con sessions lasted 45 min. Office BP and heart rate were measured throughout the experimental sessions to calculate rate-pressure products and estimate the cardiovascular demand of BT. To determine short-term BP variability after BT and Con sessions, average real variability (ARV) of systolic BP and diastolic BP was assessed over 24 h using ambulatory BP monitoring. Compared with Con, there were lower 24-h (Δ, -0.9 ± 0.4 mmHg; P = 0.049) and daytime (Δ, -1.4 ± 0.5 mmHg; P = 0.004) ARV of diastolic BP after BT. There were no significant differences in ARV of systolic BP between Con and BT. There was a higher rate-pressure product found during BT (P < 0.001). However, after the experimental sessions, there was no significant difference between BT and Con for the rate-pressure product under ambulatory conditions. In conclusion, a single BT session reduced daytime and 24-h diastolic BP variability in adults with hypertension. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03909308.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Betti Domingues
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
| | - Leandro de Oliveira Carpes
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
| | - Sandra Costa Fuchs
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
| | - Rodrigo Ferrari
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Sports and Exercise Training Study Group, Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre
- Postgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, School of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Day C, Wu Y, Pescatello LS. Evaluating the Methodological Quality of Postexercise Hypotension Aerobic Exercise Interventions. Front Physiol 2022; 13:851950. [PMID: 35360233 PMCID: PMC8960741 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.851950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPostexercise hypotension (PEH) is the immediate reduction in blood pressure (BP) of 5–8 mmHg that occurs after a single bout of aerobic exercise among adults with hypertension. Across PEH studies, there are variations in the level of rigor of the study designs and methods that limit the conclusions that can be made about PEH.ObjectiveTo develop and then apply a methodological study quality evaluation checklist to aerobic exercise PEH studies to provide methodological guidance.MethodsWe developed a PEH checklist (PEH√list) based upon contemporary methodological study quality standards. The PEH√list contains 38 items divided into three categories: sample (n = 10 items), study (n = 23 items), and intervention characteristics (n = 5 items). We then systematically searched six databases to January 2019 to identify and then evaluate studies that: (1) enrolled adults ≥18 years with hypertension and without other chronic diseases or conditions; (2) included a bout of aerobic exercise and a non-exercise control session; and (3) were published in English.ResultsOf 17,149 potential studies, 64 qualified. Participants (N = 1,489) were middle-aged (38.6 ± 15.6 year), overweight (26.1 ± 2.5 kg/m2) mostly men (64.4%) with elevated BP (systolic BP 129.5 ± 15.2/diastolic BP 81.0 ± 10.1 mmHg). Overall, the qualifying studies satisfactorily reported 53.9 ± 13.3% (24.2–82.8%) of the relevant items on the PEH√list. Of note, only 20.3% of the studies disclosed BP was measured following professional guidelines, 18.8% reported BP was taken by the same assessor pre- and post-intervention, and 35.5% stated participants abstained from caffeine, alcohol, and physical activity prior to testing. Half (51.5%) indicated they statistically controlled for pre-exercise/baseline BP. Meanwhile, 100% of the studies reported the setting in which the BP measurements were taken, time from the end of the exercise to the start of the BP measurements, and if relevant, the length of the ambulatory BP monitoring period.ConclusionOverall, the PEH√list items were not well satisfied; especially items with potential confounding effects on PEH. We contend the PEH√list provides guidance to investigators on the important methodological study considerations in PEH aerobic exercise studies that should be attended to in the future.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier [#CRD42020221996].
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Day
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Christina Day,
| | - Yin Wu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Linda S. Pescatello
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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de Freitas VH, Mariano IM, Amaral AL, Rodrigues ML, Carrijo VHV, Puga GM. Effects of light-emitting diode therapy on cardiovascular and salivary nitrite responses in postmenopausal women submitted to a single bout of high-intensity interval training. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2655-2665. [PMID: 35235082 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of light-emitting diode therapy (LEDT) on cardiovascular effort during a single bout of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and on blood pressure (BP), salivary nitrite, and heart rate variability (HRV) responses after the exercise session in postmenopausal women. Sixteen postmenopausal women between 50 and 70 years of age participated in the present study. The intervention comprised two sessions: placebo plus HIIT and LEDT plus HIIT, with a 14-day interval between sessions. The oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored throughout the HIIT sessions. Salivary samples were taken before, immediately post, and 30' and 60' post-HIIT sessions for nitric oxide (NO) analysis. In addition, HR and BP were checked before, 15 min, 30 min, 45 min, and 60 min post-HIIT sessions. HR data were used to calculate the HRV indices. Cardiovascular parameters during HIIT and BP, HRV, and NO responses were not different between placebo and LEDT conditions (p > 0.05). BP responses increased after compared to pre-exercise (p < 0.01). HRV was impaired post- compared to pre-exercise (p < 0.05). LEDT did not improve physiological performance during HIIT and did not accelerate the recovery of BP and autonomic modulation or change the NO release after exercise in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo de Freitas
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Igor Moraes Mariano
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Amaral
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Mateus Lima Rodrigues
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Vilarinho Carrijo
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Morais Puga
- Faculty of Physical Education, Federal University of Uberlandia, Rua Benjamin Constant, 1286, Bairro: Aparecida, MG, 38400-678, Uberlândia, Brazil.
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Ketelhut S, Möhle M, Gürlich T, Hottenrott L, Hottenrott K. Optimizing sprint interval exercise for post-exercise hypotension: A randomized crossover trial. Eur J Sport Sci 2022; 23:571-579. [PMID: 35200094 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2022.2046860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of manipulating the rest intervals during sprint interval training (SIT) on post-exercise hypotension and within-session oxygen consumption.Thirty healthy, trained adults (aged 30.9 ± 8.7 years; 14 males, 16 females; BMI 22.1 ± 2.3 kg/m2; VO2max 50.7 ± 7.8 ml/kg/min) completed two different SIT protocols (4x 30-seconds all-out cycling sprints) with a one-week washout period. Sprint bouts were separated by either 1 (R1) or 3 (R3) minutes of active recovery. Both before and throughout the 45 minutes after the training, peripheral systolic (pSBP) and diastolic (pDBP) blood pressure, central systolic (cSBP) and diastolic (cDBP) blood pressure, aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV), stroke volume (SV), and heart rate (HR) were assessed. Throughout the SIT protocols, oxygen consumption (VO2) was monitored.There were no significant differences in time spent at 75%, 85%, 95%, and 100% of maximal VO2 between R1 and R3. After R3, there was a significant reduction in pSBP, pDBP, cSBP, cDBP, and aPWV. After R1, there were no changes in the respective parameters. There were significant interaction effects in pSBD (p<0.001), pDBP (p<0.001), cSBP (p<0.001), cDBP (p=0.001), and aPWV (p=0.033). HR significantly increased after both conditions. Only R1 resulted in a significant reduction in SV.Longer resting intervals during SIT bouts seem to result in more substantial post-exercise hypotension effects. Time spent at a high percentage of maximal VO2 was not affected by rest interval manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ketelhut
- Institute of Sport Science, Department of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martin Möhle
- Institute of Sport Science, Department of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tina Gürlich
- Institute of Sport Science, Department of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Laurra Hottenrott
- Institute of performance diagnostics and health promotion, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kuno Hottenrott
- Institute of Sport Science, Department of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of performance diagnostics and health promotion, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Aidar FJ, Dantas EF, Almeida-Neto PF, Neto FR, Garrido ND, Cabral BG, Figueiredo T, Reis VM. Can Post-Exercise Hemodynamic Response Be Influenced by Different Recovery Methods in Paraplegic Sportsmen? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031772. [PMID: 35162794 PMCID: PMC8834798 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Post-exercise hypotension is of great clinical relevance and also in sports training settings, as recovery speed is important. The aim of this study was to compare the influence of different recovery methods on post-exercise hemodynamic response. Twelve male paraplegic sportsmen (25.40 ± 3.30 years) performed a strength training (ST) session using the bench press exercise. After the ST, three recovery methods were randomly performed over a 15-min period: passive recovery (PR), cold-water (CW) and dry needle (DN). Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and myocardial oxygen were measured before and post ST, as well as post the recovery method. Results: Dry needling induced lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) immediately after the treatment when compared with the other recovery methods, but the contrary was observed at 50 and 60-min post recovery, where records with DN exhibit higher mean values (η2p = 0.330). There were no differences in post-exercise diastolic BP and mean BP between recovery methods. There was a significantly higher HR after the PR method, when compared with CW and with DN (η2p = 0.426). The same was observed for double product and for myocardial oxygen, though with a larger effect size (η2p = 0.446). We conclude that dry needling seems to induce a faster SBP lowering immediately after the procedure but at 50-min post procedure the cold-water method showed better result. As for HR, both procedures (DN and CW) showed a better recovery when compared with passive recovery, along the several moments of measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe J. Aidar
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (E.F.D.)
| | - Edilson F. Dantas
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (E.F.D.)
| | - Paulo F. Almeida-Neto
- Department of Physical Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (P.F.A.-N.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Frederico R. Neto
- Paralympic Sports Program, SARAH Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Brasilia 71535-005, Brazil;
| | - Nuno D. Garrido
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Trás os Montes and Alto Douro University, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Breno G. Cabral
- Department of Physical Education, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal 59078-970, Brazil; (P.F.A.-N.); (B.G.C.)
| | - Tiago Figueiredo
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Estacio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro 22790-710, Brazil;
| | - Victor M. Reis
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Trás os Montes and Alto Douro University, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-927542814
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Trindade CO, Oliveira EC, Coelho DB, Casonatto J, Becker LK. Effects of Aquatic Exercise in Post-exercise Hypotension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:834812. [PMID: 35173635 PMCID: PMC8841763 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.834812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) can be an important non-pharmacological strategy in the treatment of arterial hypertension. Both aerobic and resistance exercises produce PEH, but it is not clear if the exercise environment can lead to a higher PEH. Objective This meta-analysis investigated whether a session of aquatic exercise (AE) induces PEH in comparison with control conditions such as land exercise (LE) or rest in hypertensive subjects. Methods The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using the following electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE. Ambulatory blood pressure measurements made in randomized clinical trials were pooled to compare PEH induced by AE with LE and rest conditions in hypertensive subjects. Results Data from four trials were included, which comprised 127 participants (94 women and 33 men). A 24-h analysis did not detect significant differences between AE and LE or rest for either systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Monitoring during the night showed that AE induced significant PEH in comparison with LE for SBP [−8.6 (−15.0 to −1.5) mmHg (p = 0.01)]. For DBP, the AE had pronounced PEH during the night in comparison with LE [−3.7 (−4.7 to −2.8) mmHg, p = 0.000] and rest [−1.7 (−1.9 to −0.8) mmHg, p = 0.000]. There were no differences in daytime values. Conclusion AE showed a higher PEH effect than LE sessions and rest conditions. PEH was observed in both SBP and DBP during the night. The number of studies was low, but all studies included in this meta-analysis used 24-h monitoring. The understanding of clinical relevance of AE, inducing a higher PEH, depends on a standardization of exercise protocols plus a rigorous monitoring of blood pressure. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration: CRD42021271928.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oliveira Trindade
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition/PPGSN, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Emerson Cruz Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition/PPGSN, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Physical Education Department, Physical Education School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Daniel Barbosa Coelho
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition/PPGSN, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Physical Education Department, Physical Education School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Juliano Casonatto
- Research Group in Physiology and Physical Activity, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Lenice Kappes Becker
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition/PPGSN, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- Physical Education Department, Physical Education School, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Lenice Kappes Becker
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Pellinger TK, Emhoff CAW. Skeletal Muscle Hyperemia: A Potential Bridge Between Post-exercise Hypotension and Glucose Regulation. Front Physiol 2022; 12:821919. [PMID: 35173625 PMCID: PMC8841576 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.821919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For both healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), the hemodynamic response to regular physical activity is important for regulating blood glucose, protecting vascular function, and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition to these benefits of regular physical activity, evidence suggests even a single bout of dynamic exercise promotes increased insulin-mediated glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity during the acute recovery period. Importantly, post-exercise hypotension (PEH), which is defined as a sustained reduction in arterial pressure following a single bout of exercise, appears to be blunted in those with T2D compared to their non-diabetic counterparts. In this short review, we describe research that suggests the sustained post-exercise vasodilation often observed in PEH may sub-serve glycemic regulation following exercise in both healthy individuals and those with T2D. Furthermore, we discuss the interplay of enhanced perfusion, both macrovascular and microvascular, and glucose flux following exercise. Finally, we propose future research directions to enhance our understanding of the relationship between post-exercise hemodynamics and glucose regulation in healthy individuals and in those with T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Pellinger
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Thomas K. Pellinger,
| | - Chi-An W. Emhoff
- Department of Kinesiology, Saint Mary’s College of California, Moraga, CA, United States
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Kircher E, Ketelhut S, Ketelhut K, Röglin L, Martin-Niedecken AL, Hottenrott K, Ketelhut RG. Acute Effects of Heart Rate-Controlled Exergaming on Vascular Function in Young Adults. Games Health J 2022; 11:58-66. [PMID: 34986027 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2021.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Acute and regular moderate-intensity endurance exercise (MIEE) is known to positively affect vascular function. The present study assessed if an exercise session in an innovative exergame called the ExerCube can induce similar vascular reactions as an MIEE session. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight healthy recreationally active participants (13 females and 15 males; aged 24.8 ± 3.9 years; with body mass index 23.2 ± 2.3 kg/m2) completed an exergaming session (EGS) in the ExerCube (25 minutes) and an MIEE session on a treadmill (35 minutes, 65%-70% of maximal heart rate [HR]) in a randomized order. Both before and throughout the 45 minutes after the training sessions, pulse wave velocity (PWV), total peripheral resistance (TPR), stroke volume (SV), and HR were recorded. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Board of the Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg (Medical Faculty of the Martin-Luther-Universität 2019-177). Results: There were different hemodynamic responses to both types of exercises. PWV was significantly decreased 45 minutes after the EGS (P < 0.001). No significant changes were detected after MIEE (P = 0.109). TPR was significantly lower after both exercise sessions (P < 0.01). Only the EGS resulted in a significant decrease in SV 15 minutes after exercise (P < 0.001). The HR was significantly (P < 0.05) higher after both exercise sessions. After the EGS, the increase in HR was still significantly higher (P = 0.011) 45 minutes after the session. The interaction effects revealed significant differences in PWV (15 minutes, P = 0.035; 30 minutes, P = 0.004; and 45 minutes, P < 0.001), favoring the EGS. Conclusion: The EGS seems to induce a relevant exercise stimulus that can modulate vascular function. Therefore, this exergame may present an effective tool for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kircher
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Ketelhut
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Sport Science, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kerstin Ketelhut
- MSB Medical School Berlin, Faculty of Natural Science, Berlin Germany
| | - Lisa Röglin
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Sport Science, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Kuno Hottenrott
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Sport Science, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Reinhard G Ketelhut
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Center Berlin (MCB), Cardiology and Sports Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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Almeida RL, Ogihara CA, de Souza JS, Oliveira KC, Cafarchio EM, Tescaro L, Maciel RMB, Giannocco G, Sato MA. Regularly swimming exercise modifies opioidergic neuromodulation in rostral ventrolateral medulla in hypertensive rats. Brain Res 2022; 1774:147726. [PMID: 34785257 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Moderate exercise reduces arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and changes neurotransmission in medullary areas involved in cardiovascular regulation. We investigated if regularly swimming exercise (SW) affects the cardiovascular adjustments mediated by opioidergic neuromodulation in the RVLM in SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Rats were submitted to 6 wks of SW. The day after the last exercise bout, α-chloralose-anesthetized rats underwent a cannulation of the femoral artery for AP and HR recordings, and Doppler flow probes were placed around the lower abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery. Bilateral injection of endomorphin-2 (EM-2, 0.4 mmol/L, 60 nL) into the RVLM increased MAP in SW-SHR (20 ± 4 mmHg, N = 6), which was lower than in sedentary (SED)-SHR (35 ± 4 mmHg, N = 6). The increase in MAP in SW-SHR induced by EM-2 into the RVLM was similar in SED- and SW-WKY. Naloxone (0.5 mmol/L, 60 nL) injected into the RVLM evoked an enhanced hypotension in SW-SHR (-66 ± 8 mmHg, N = 6) compared to SED-SHR (-25 ± 3 mmHg, N = 6), which was similar in SED- and SW-WKY. No significant changes were observed in HR after EM-2 or naloxone injections into the RVLM. Changes in hindquarter and mesenteric conductances evoked by EM-2 or naloxone injections into the RVLM in SW- or SED-SHR were not different. Mu Opioid Receptor expression by Western blotting was reduced in SW-SHR than in SED-SHR and SW-WKY. Therefore, regularly SW alters the opioidergic neuromodulation in the RVLM in SHR and modifies the mu opioid receptor expression in this medullary area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto L Almeida
- Dept. Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiana A Ogihara
- Dept. Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Kelen C Oliveira
- Dept. Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Cafarchio
- Dept. Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Tescaro
- Dept. Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
| | - Rui M B Maciel
- Dept. Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Giannocco
- Dept. Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Monica A Sato
- Dept. Morphology and Physiology, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil
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Fernandes DR, Sisconeto TM, Freitas SS, Souza TCF, Delevatti RS, Ferrari R, Puga GM, Kanitz AC. Effect of the execution order from concurrent exercise session on blood pressure responses in hypertensive older men. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-657420220005122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Ferrari
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Iellamo F, Perrone MA, Caminiti G, Volterrani M, Legramante JM. Post-exercise Hypotension in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Front Physiol 2021; 12:788591. [PMID: 35002770 PMCID: PMC8727444 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.788591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Blood pressure (BP) and hemodynamic changes occurring in the recovery phase after a single bout of exercise have not been extensively studied in coronary artery patients, despite the potential clinical implications of reducing BP through exercise. This study aimed at investigating the hemodynamic and arterial baroreflex mechanisms possibly involved in post-exercise hypotension (PEH) in patients with coronary artery disease.Methods: In 42 normotensive coronary artery patients undergone a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program, we evaluated before and after their daily exercise training session: blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In a subgroup (n = 29), daily BP profile was also evaluated by ambulatory BP monitoring. In those patients showing PEH (n = 15), we evaluated: Cardiac Output (CO), Stroke Volume (SV), total peripheral resistances (TPR), forearm (FVR) and calf (CVR) vascular resistances, and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS).Results: After exercise TPR was significantly reduced with a similar contribution from CVR and FVR, whereas CO and SV significantly increased. BRS showed a significant reduction mainly due to a BRS decrease in response to hypertensive stimuli. Systolic BP (SBP) was significantly reduced for 12 h after the end of a single exercise session.Conclusion: These findings indicate that in coronary artery patients, the recovery phase after exercise is characterized by PEH which is mediated mainly by a generalized peripheral vasodilation and appears to influence BP behavior throughout the daily life. Finally, the cardiac component of the arterial baroreflex seems to contribute indirectly to BP reduction occurring after exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinando Iellamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ferdinando Iellamo,
| | - Marco Alfonso Perrone
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caminiti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Volterrani
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
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Perrier-Melo RJ, Germano-Soares AH, Freitas Brito A, Vilela Dantas I, da Cunha Costa M. Post-exercise hypotension in response to high-intensity interval exercise: Potential mechanisms. Rev Port Cardiol 2021; 40:797-799. [PMID: 34857119 DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aline Freitas Brito
- Department of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Iago Vilela Dantas
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Manoel da Cunha Costa
- Department of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Fecchio RY, Queiroz ACC, Ritti-Dias R, Costa EC, Forjaz CLM. Post-dynamic Resistance Exercise Hypotension: Exploring Individual Responses and Predictors. Front Physiol 2021; 12:787444. [PMID: 35615287 PMCID: PMC9126191 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.787444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Post-dynamic resistance exercise hypotension (PREH) has been largely demonstrated. However, little is known regarding the interindividual variation of PREH magnitude and its predictors (i.e. factors of influence).Aims: To assess the interindividual variation of PREH and its predictors related to the characteristics of the individuals and the exercise protocol.Methods: This study retrospectively analysed data from 131 subjects included in seven controlled trials about PREH (including at least one dynamic resistance exercise and one control session) conducted by two research laboratories. The interindividual variation was assessed by the standard deviation of the individual responses (SDIR), and linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the predictors.Results: PREH showed moderate interindividual variation for systolic (SBP, SDIR=4.4mmHg; 0.35 standardised units) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP, SDIR=3.6mmHg; 0.32 standardised units). For systolic PREH, multivariate regression analysis (R2=0.069) revealed higher baseline SBP (B=−0.157, p=0.008) and higher number of sets (B=−3.910, p=0.041) as significant predictors. For diastolic PREH, multivariate regression analysis (R2=0.174) revealed higher baseline DBP (B=−0.191, p=0.001) and higher exercise volume (i.e. number of exercises *sets per exercise *repetitions per sets >150; B=−4.212, p=0.001) as significant predictors.Conclusion: PREH has a considerable interindividual variation. Greater PREH magnitude is observed in individuals with higher baseline blood pressure and after exercise protocols that comprehend higher number of sets and exercise volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Y. Fecchio
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreia C. C. Queiroz
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Raphael Ritti-Dias
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Science, University Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Caldas Costa
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Cláudia L. M. Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes Forjaz,
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Saco-Ledo G, Valenzuela PL, Ramírez-Jiménez M, Morales JS, Castillo-García A, Blumenthal JA, Ruilope LM, Lucia A. Acute Aerobic Exercise Induces Short-Term Reductions in Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Hypertension 2021; 78:1844-1858. [PMID: 34719262 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Saco-Ledo
- Bioenergy and Motion Analysis Laboratory, National Research Center on Human Evolution (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain (G.S.-L.)
| | - Pedro L Valenzuela
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Spain (P.L.V., L.M.R., A.L.)
| | - Miguel Ramírez-Jiménez
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain (M.R.-J.).,Faculty of Social Sciences and Law, Catholic University of Avila, Avila, Spain (M.R.-J.)
| | - Javier S Morales
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Spain (J.S.M.)
| | | | - James A Blumenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (J.A.B.)
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Spain (P.L.V., L.M.R., A.L.).,Hypertension Unit and Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Madrid, Spain (L.M.R.).,Research Institute of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain (L.M.R., A.L.)
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Spain (P.L.V., L.M.R., A.L.).,Research Institute of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain (L.M.R., A.L.)
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44
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Consistency of hemodynamic and autonomic mechanisms underlying post-exercise hypotension. J Hum Hypertens 2021; 35:1003-1011. [PMID: 33262435 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-00452-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) is a clinically relevant phenomenon, but its mechanisms vary between different studies and between the participants within each study. Additionally, it is possible that PEH mechanisms are not consistent in each individual (i.e. within-individual variation), which has not been investigated yet. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the within-individual consistency of PEH hemodynamic and autonomic mechanisms. For that, 30 subjects performed 4 sessions divided in 2 blocks (test and retest). In each block, an exercise (cycling, 45 min, 50%VO2peak) and a control (seated rest, 45 min) session was randomly conducted. Blood pressure (BP) and its mechanisms were evaluated pre- and post-interventions. In each block, individual responses were calculated as post-exercise minus post-control, and a response was considered present when its magnitude reached the typical error of the measurement. Consistencies were evaluated by comparing test and retest responses through kappa coefficient (k). PEH consistency was calculated using role sample, while mechanisms consistency was evaluated in those with consistent PEH. Twenty-one (70%) participants showed consistent PEH, 5 (17%) presented PEH in only test or retest and 4 (13%) had absent PEH response, characterising a good consistency (k = 0.510). Regarding mechanisms' responses, good consistency was found for heart rate (k = 0.456), sympathovagal balance (k = 0.438), and baroreflex sensitivity (k = 0.458); while systemic vascular resistance (k = 0.152), cardiac output (k = -0.400), stroke volume (k = -0.055), and sympathetic vasomotor modulation (k = -0.096) presented marginal consistencies. Thus, PEH is a highly consistent physiological phenomenon, although its mechanisms present variable consistencies.
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Alansare AB, Hayman J, Lee JM, Seo MW, Yoo D, Jung HC. The Efficacy of a Calamansi-Containing Energy Drink on Running Performance and Recovery in NCAA Division I Middle-Distance Runners: A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111023. [PMID: 34769545 PMCID: PMC8583630 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of a non-caffeinated energy drink (ED) that contained calamansi juice, glucose, and taurine on 3-km running performance and recovery. Eleven NCAA Division I middle-distance runners (20.8 ± 1.5 years old) were randomly assigned to consume either the ED or a placebo drink 60 min before 3-km running on a 400-m official track. Performance time and speed were recorded every 500-m interval. Recovery blood lactate concentration (BLC), systolic (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate (HR) were measured at baseline, 60-min after ingesting the drinks, and post-running measurements were performed at 1-min, 5-min, and 10-min. Repeated analysis of variance and paired t-test were applied to examine the effects of time, trials, and their interaction on performance and recovery. Statistical significance was set a priori at p < 0.05. No significant difference was observed in performance time and speed between trials (p < 0.05). No interaction effect was found on performance time, speed, recovery BLC, DBP, and HR (p < 0.05). However, an interaction effect for trial by time was observed on SBP (p = 0.01). Recovery SBP continues to decrease from 5-min to 10-min in the ED trial (∆ = -13.9 mmHg) and slightly increased in the placebo trial (∆ = 1.1 mmHg). This study suggests that acute consumption of a calamansi-containing ED can positively impact the SBP recovery but not running performance. Further studies are needed to examine the acute and chronic effects of this ED on exercise performance and recovery among different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah B. Alansare
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, King Khalid Rd., Riyadh 11543, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Josh Hayman
- Athletic Department, Mercer University, 1501 Mercer University Dr., Macon, GA 31207, USA;
| | - Jung-Min Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Global Campus, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17014, Korea;
| | - Myong-Won Seo
- Department of Exercise Science, David B. Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA;
| | - Deoksu Yoo
- Department of Taekwondo, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17014, Korea;
| | - Hyun Chul Jung
- Department of Coaching, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Global Campus, 1732 Deokyoungdaero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17014, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-201-2734
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Mukkamala R, Yavarimanesh M, Natarajan K, Hahn JO, Kyriakoulis KG, Avolio AP, Stergiou GS. Evaluation of the Accuracy of Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement Devices: Challenges and Proposals. Hypertension 2021; 78:1161-1167. [PMID: 34510915 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.17747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Several novel cuffless wearable devices and smartphone applications claiming that they can measure blood pressure (BP) are appearing on the market. These technologies are very attractive and promising, with increasing interest among health care professionals for their potential use. Moreover, they are becoming popular among patients with hypertension and healthy people. However, at the present time, there are serious issues about BP measurement accuracy of cuffless devices and the 2021 European Society of Hypertension Guidelines on BP measurement do not recommend them for clinical use. Cuffless devices have special validation issues, which have been recently recognized. It is important to note that the 2018 Universal Standard for the validation of automated BP measurement devices developed by the American Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, the European Society of Hypertension, and the International Organization for Standardization is inappropriate for the validation of cuffless devices. Unfortunately, there is an increasing number of publications presenting data on the accuracy of novel cuffless BP measurement devices, with inadequate methodology and potentially misleading conclusions. The objective of this review is to facilitate understanding of the capabilities and limitations of emerging cuffless BP measurement devices. First, the potential and the types of these devices are described. Then, the unique challenges in evaluating the BP measurement accuracy of cuffless devices are explained. Studies from the literature and computer simulations are employed to illustrate these challenges. Finally, proposals are given on how to evaluate cuffless devices including presenting and interpreting relevant study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Mukkamala
- Departments of Bioengineering, Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA (R.M.)
| | - Mohammad Yavarimanesh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing (M.Y., K.N.)
| | - Keerthana Natarajan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing (M.Y., K.N.)
| | - Jin-Oh Hahn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park (J.-O.H.)
| | - Konstantinos G Kyriakoulis
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (K.G.K., G.S.S.)
| | - Alberto P Avolio
- Macquarie School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia (A.P.A.)
| | - George S Stergiou
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece (K.G.K., G.S.S.)
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Chehuen M, Andrade-Lima A, Silva Junior N, Miyasato R, Souza RWAD, Leicht A, Brum PC, Oliveira EM, Wolosker N, Forjaz CLDM. Physiological Responses to Maximal and Submaximal Walking in Patients with Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 117:309-316. [PMID: 34495225 PMCID: PMC8395785 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamento: Embora a caminhada máxima e submáxima sejam recomendadas para pacientes com doença arterial periférica (DAP), a realização desses exercícios pode induzir diferentes respostas fisiológicas. Objetivos: Comparar os efeitos agudos de caminhada máxima e submáxima na função cardiovascular, a regulação e os processos fisiopatológicos associados pós-exercício em pacientes com DAP sintomática. Métodos: Trinta pacientes do sexo masculino foram submetidos a 2 sessões: caminhada máxima (protocolo de Gardner) e caminhada submáxima (15 períodos de 2 minutos de caminhada separados por 2 minutos de repouso ereto). Em cada sessão, foram medidos a pressão arterial (PA), a frequência cardíaca (FC), a modulação autonômica cardíaca (variabilidade da FC), os fluxos sanguíneos (FS) do antebraço e da panturrilha, a capacidade vasodilatadora (hiperemia reativa), o óxido nítrico (ON), o estresse oxidativo (a peroxidação lipídica) e a inflamação (quatro marcadores), pré e pós-caminhada. ANOVAs foram empregadas e p < 0,05 foi considerado significativo. Resultados: A PA sistólica e a PA média diminuíram após a sessão submáxima, mas aumentaram após a sessão máxima (interações, p < 0,001 para ambas). A PA diastólica não foi alterada após a sessão submáxima (p > 0,05), mas aumentou após a caminhada máxima (interação, p < 0,001). A FC, o equilíbrio simpatovagal e os FS aumentaram de forma semelhante após as duas sessões (momento, p < 0,001, p = 0,04 e p < 0,001, respectivamente), enquanto a capacidade vasodilatadora, o ON e o estresse oxidativo permaneceram inalterados (p > 0,05). As moléculas de adesão vascular e intercelular aumentaram de forma semelhante após as sessões de caminhada máxima e submáxima (momento, p = 0,001). Conclusões: Nos pacientes com a DAP sintomática, a caminhada submáxima, mas não a máxima, reduziu a PA pós-exercício, enquanto a caminhada máxima manteve a sobrecarga cardíaca elevada durante o período de recuperação. Por outro lado, as sessões de caminhada máxima e submáxima aumentaram a FC, o equilíbrio simpatovagal cardíaco e a inflamação pós-exercício de forma semelhante, enquanto não alteraram a biodisponibilidade de ON e o estresse oxidativo pós-exercício.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Chehuen
- Universidade de São Paulo - Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Natan Silva Junior
- Universidade de São Paulo - Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Roberto Miyasato
- Universidade de São Paulo - Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | | | - Anthony Leicht
- James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland - Austrália
| | - Patricia Chakur Brum
- Universidade de São Paulo - Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
| | - Edilamar M Oliveira
- Universidade de São Paulo - Escola de Educação Física e Esportes, São Paulo, SP - Brasil
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Perrier-Melo RJ, Germano-Soares AH, Freitas Brito A, Vilela Dantas I, da Cunha Costa M. Post-exercise hypotension in response to high-intensity interval exercise: Potential mechanisms. Rev Port Cardiol 2021; 40:S0870-2551(21)00320-6. [PMID: 34391600 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aline Freitas Brito
- Department of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Iago Vilela Dantas
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Manoel da Cunha Costa
- Department of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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49
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Post-exercise hypotension following different resistance exercise protocols. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Barros JP, de Paula T, Mediano MFF, Rangel MVDS, Monteiro W, da Cunha FA, Farinatti P, Borges JP. The Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Blood Pressure, Arterial Function, and Heart Rate Variability in Men Living With HIV. Front Physiol 2021; 12:685306. [PMID: 34335295 PMCID: PMC8320391 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.685306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the effects of acute cycling on blood pressure (BP), arterial function, and heart rate variability (HRV) in men living with HIV (MLHIV) using combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). METHODS Twelve MLHIV (48.7 ± 9.2 years; 25.2 ± 2.8 kg m-2) and 13 healthy controls (41.2 ± 9.9 years; 26.3 ± 2.9 kg m-2) performed a cycling bout (ES) (intensity: 50% oxygen uptake reserve; duration: time to achieve 150 kcal-MLHIV: 24.1 ± 5.5 vs. controls: 23.1 ± 3.0 min; p = 0.45), and a 20-min non-exercise session (NES). RESULTS At rest (p < 0.05), MLHIV presented higher brachial systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP: 123.2 ± 14.2/76.8 ± 6.3 vs. 114.3 ± 5.1/71.6 ± 2.6 mmHg) and central BP (cSBP/cDBP: 108.3 ± 9.3/76.5 ± 6.5 vs. 101.6 ± 4.9/71.3 ± 4.4 mmHg) vs. controls but lower absolute maximal oxygen uptake (2.1 ± 0.5 vs. 2.5 ± 0.3 L min-1) and HRV indices reflecting overall/vagal modulation (SDNN: 24.8 ± 7.1 vs. 42.9 ± 21.3 ms; rMSSD: 20.5 ± 8.5 vs. 38.1 ± 22.8 ms; pNN50: 3.6 ± 4.2 vs. 13.6 ± 11.3%). DBP postexercise lowered in controls vs. MLHIV (∼4 mmHg, p < 0.001; ES: 0.6). Moreover, controls vs. MLHIV had greater reductions (p < 0.05) in augmentation index (-13.6 ± 13.7 vs. -3.1 ± 7.2% min-1; ES: 2.4), and HRV indices up to 5 min (rMSSD: -111.8 ± 32.1 vs. -75.9 ± 22.2 ms min-1; ES: 3.8; pNN50: -76.3 ± 28.3 vs. -19.0 ± 13.7% min-1; ES: 4.4). Within-group (ES vs. NES; p < 0.05) reductions occurred in controls for SBP (∼10 mmHg, 2 h), DBP (∼6 mmHg, 20, 30, and 70 min), cSBP (∼9 mmHg, 30 min), cDBP (∼7 mmHg, 30 and 70 min), augmentation index (∼10%, 30 min), and pNN50 (∼20%; up to 2 h), while in MLHIV only cSBP (∼6 mmHg, 70 min) and cDBP (∼4 mmHg, 30 min) decreased. Similar increases (up to 5 min) in heart rate (∼22 bpm) and decreases in SDNN (∼18 ms) and rMSSD (∼20 ms) occurred in both groups. CONCLUSION MLHIV under cART exhibited attenuated postexercise hypotension vs. healthy controls, which seemed to relate with impairments in vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Pereira Barros
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tainah de Paula
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Research and Education, National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Walace Monteiro
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Felipe Amorim da Cunha
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Farinatti
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Activity Sciences, Salgado de Oliveira University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pereira Borges
- Graduate Program in Exercise and Sports Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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