1
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Singh S, Wright RE, Giri S, Arumugaswami V, Kumar A. Targeting ABCG1 and SREBP-2 mediated cholesterol homeostasis ameliorates Zika virus-induced ocular pathology. iScience 2024; 27:109088. [PMID: 38405605 PMCID: PMC10884761 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy causes severe neurological and ocular abnormalities in infants, yet no vaccine or antivirals are available. Our transcriptomic analysis of ZIKV-infected retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells revealed alterations in the cholesterol pathway. Thus, we investigated the functional roles of ATP binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) and sterol response element binding protein 2 (SREPB-2), two key players in cholesterol metabolism, during ocular ZIKV infection. Our in vitro data showed that increased ABCG1 activity via liver X receptors (LXRs), reduced ZIKV replication, while ABCG1 knockdown increased replication with elevated intracellular cholesterol. Conversely, inhibiting SREBP-2 or its knockdown reduced ZIKV replication by lowering cholesterol levels. In vivo, LXR agonist or SREBP-2 inhibitor treatment mitigated ZIKV-induced chorioretinal lesions in mice, concomitant with decreased expression of inflammatory mediators and increased activation of antiviral response genes. In summary, our study identifies ABCG1's antiviral role and SREBP-2's proviral effects in ocular ZIKV infection, offering cholesterol metabolism as a potential target to develop antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences/ Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Robert E. Wright
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences/ Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shailendra Giri
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences/ Kresge Eye Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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2
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Chen Z, Wang F, Wan X, Wang F, Sun X. Macrophage Sult2b1 promotes pathological neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302020. [PMID: 37550000 PMCID: PMC10427760 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disordered immune responses and cholesterol metabolism have been implicated in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in elderly individuals. SULT2B1, the key enzyme of sterol sulfonation, plays important roles in inflammation and cholesterol metabolism. However, the role and underlying mechanism of SULT2B1 in AMD have not been investigated thus far. Here, we report that SULT2B1 is specifically expressed in macrophages in choroidal neovascularization lesions. Sutl2b1 deficiency significantly reduced leakage areas and inhibited pathological angiogenesis by inhibiting M2 macrophage activation in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, loss of Sult2b1 activated LXRs and subsequently increased ABCA1 and ABCG1 (ABCA1/G1)-mediated cholesterol efflux from M2 macrophages. LXR inhibition (GSK2033 treatment) in Sult2b1 -/- macrophages reversed M2 polarization and decreased intracellular cholesterol capacity to promote pathological angiogenesis. In contrast to SULT2B1, STS, an enzyme of sterol desulfonation, protected against choroidal neovascularization development by activating LXR-ABCA1/G1 signalling to block M2 polarization. Collectively, these data reveal a cholesterol metabolism axis related to macrophage polarization in neovascular AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Medical Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yidong Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixuan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghua Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
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3
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Cao D, Khan Z, Li X, Saito S, Bernstein EA, Victor AR, Ahmed F, Hoshi AO, Veiras LC, Shibata T, Che M, Cai L, Yamashita M, Temel RE, Giani JF, Luthringer DJ, Divakaruni AS, Okwan-Duodu D, Bernstein KE. Macrophage angiotensin-converting enzyme reduces atherosclerosis by increasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α and fundamentally changing lipid metabolism. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1825-1841. [PMID: 37225143 PMCID: PMC10681664 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The metabolic failure of macrophages to adequately process lipid is central to the aetiology of atherosclerosis. Here, we examine the role of macrophage angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in a mouse model of PCSK9-induced atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Atherosclerosis in mice was induced with AAV-PCSK9 and a high-fat diet. Animals with increased macrophage ACE (ACE 10/10 mice) have a marked reduction in atherosclerosis vs. WT mice. Macrophages from both the aorta and peritoneum of ACE 10/10 express increased PPARα and have a profoundly altered phenotype to process lipids characterized by higher levels of the surface scavenger receptor CD36, increased uptake of lipid, increased capacity to transport long chain fatty acids into mitochondria, higher oxidative metabolism and lipid β-oxidation as determined using 13C isotope tracing, increased cell ATP, increased capacity for efferocytosis, increased concentrations of the lipid transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, and increased cholesterol efflux. These effects are mostly independent of angiotensin II. Human THP-1 cells, when modified to express more ACE, increase expression of PPARα, increase cell ATP and acetyl-CoA, and increase cell efferocytosis. CONCLUSION Increased macrophage ACE expression enhances macrophage lipid metabolism, cholesterol efflux, efferocytosis, and it reduces atherosclerosis. This has implications for the treatment of cardiovascular disease with angiotensin II receptor antagonists vs. ACE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- DuoYao Cao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Zakir Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Xiaomo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Suguru Saito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ellen A Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Aaron R Victor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Faizan Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Aoi O Hoshi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Luciana C Veiras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Tomohiro Shibata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mingtian Che
- Biobank and Pathology Shared Resource, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Lei Cai
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Michifumi Yamashita
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Ryan E Temel
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jorge F Giani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Daniel J Luthringer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Ajit S Divakaruni
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Derick Okwan-Duodu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Kenneth E Bernstein
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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4
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Joustra V, Hageman IL, Satsangi J, Adams A, Ventham NT, de Jonge WJ, Henneman P, D’Haens GR, Li Yim AYF. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Peripheral Blood DNA Methylation Studies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2023; 17:185-198. [PMID: 35998097 PMCID: PMC10024549 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Over the past decade, the DNA methylome has been increasingly studied in peripheral blood of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] patients. However, a comprehensive summary and meta-analysis of peripheral blood leukocyte [PBL] DNA methylation studies has thus far not been conducted. Here, we systematically reviewed all available literature up to February 2022 and summarized the observations by means of meta-analysis. METHODS We conducted a systematic search and critical appraisal of IBD-associated DNA methylation studies in PBL using the biomarker-based cross-sectional studies [BIOCROSS] tool. Subsequently, we performed meta-analyses on the summary statistics obtained from epigenome-wide association studies [EWAS] that included patients with Crohn's disease [CD], ulcerative colitis [UC] and/or healthy controls [HC]. RESULTS Altogether, we included 15 studies for systematic review. Critical appraisal revealed large methodological and outcome heterogeneity between studies. Summary statistics were obtained from four studies based on a cumulative 552 samples [177 CD, 132 UC and 243 HC]. Consistent differential methylation was identified for 256 differentially methylated probes [DMPs; Bonferroni-adjusted p ≤ 0.05] when comparing CD with HC and 103 when comparing UC with HC. Comparing IBD [CD + UC] with HC resulted in 224 DMPs. Importantly, several of the previously identified DMPs, such as VMP1/TMEM49/MIR21 and RPS6KA2, were consistently differentially methylated across all studies. CONCLUSION Methodological homogenization of IBD epigenetic studies is needed to allow for easier aggregation and independent validation. Nonetheless, we were able to confirm previous observations. Our results can serve as the basis for future IBD epigenetic biomarker research in PBL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jack Satsangi
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Alex Adams
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas T Ventham
- Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Wouter J de Jonge
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter Henneman
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Human Genetics, Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction & Development, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Geert R D’Haens
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrew Y F Li Yim
- Corresponding author: Andrew Y. F. Li Yim, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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5
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Guha Ray A, Odum OP, Wiseman D, Weinstock A. The diverse roles of macrophages in metabolic inflammation and its resolution. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1147434. [PMID: 36994095 PMCID: PMC10041730 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1147434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most functionally diverse immune cells, indispensable to maintain tissue integrity and metabolic health. Macrophages perform a myriad of functions ranging from promoting inflammation, through inflammation resolution to restoring and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Metabolic diseases encompass a growing list of diseases which develop from a mix of genetics and environmental cues leading to metabolic dysregulation and subsequent inflammation. In this review, we summarize the contributions of macrophages to four metabolic conditions-insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and neurodegeneration. The role of macrophages is complex, yet they hold great promise as potential therapies to address these growing health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ada Weinstock
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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6
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Clinical Significance of Lipid Transport Function of ABC Transporters in the Innate Immune System. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1083. [PMID: 36363640 PMCID: PMC9698216 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ABC transporters are a large family of proteins that transport a variety of substrates across cell plasma membranes. Because of this, they are involved in many physiological processes. It is of interest to note that many ABC transporters are involved in the transport of various lipids. In addition, this function may be related to the innate immune system. The evidence that ABC transporters are involved in the regulation of the innate immune system through the transport of various substances greatly enhances the understanding of their clinical significance. ABC transporters are involved in the cellular homeostasis of cholesterol as well as in the regulation of its content in lipid rafts. Through these mechanisms, they can regulate the function of membrane proteins, including receptors of the innate immune system. By regulating lipid transport, some members of ABC transporters are involved in phagocytosis. In addition, ABC transporters are involved in the transport of lipopolysaccharide, lipid mediators of inflammation, and perform other functions in the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacy Management and Economics, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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7
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Keul P, Peters S, von Wnuck Lipinski K, Schröder NH, Nowak MK, Duse DA, Polzin A, Weske S, Gräler MH, Levkau B. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) Lyase Inhibition Aggravates Atherosclerosis and Induces Plaque Rupture in ApoE−/− Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179606. [PMID: 36077004 PMCID: PMC9455951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) concentrations are associated with clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. However, whether long-term elevation of endogenous S1P is pro- or anti-atherogenic remains unclear. Here, we addressed the impact of permanently high S1P levels on atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice over 12 weeks. This was achieved by pharmacological inhibition of the S1P-degrading enzyme S1P lyase with 4-deoxypyridoxine (DOP). DOP treatment dramatically accelerated atherosclerosis development, propagated predominantly unstable plaque phenotypes, and resulted in frequent plaque rupture with atherothrombosis. Macrophages from S1P lyase-inhibited or genetically deficient mice had a defect in cholesterol efflux to apolipoprotein A-I that was accompanied by profoundly downregulated cholesterol transporters ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. This was dependent on S1P signaling through S1PR3 and resulted in dramatically enhanced atherosclerosis in ApoE−/−/S1PR3−/− mice, where DOP treatment had no additional effect. Thus, high endogenous S1P levels promote atherosclerosis, compromise cholesterol efflux, and cause genuine plaque rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Keul
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susann Peters
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karin von Wnuck Lipinski
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nathalie H. Schröder
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melissa K. Nowak
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dragos A. Duse
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Amin Polzin
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Weske
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus H. Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Sepsis Control and Care and Center for Molecular Biomedicine, University Hospital Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute for Molecular Medicine III, University Hospital Düsseldorf, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-88-12611
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8
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Functional Crosstalk between PCSK9 Internalization and Pro-Inflammatory Activation in Human Macrophages: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species Release. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169114. [PMID: 36012389 PMCID: PMC9409451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease caused mainly by dyslipidemia and is characterized by the formation of an atheroma plaque and chronic inflammation. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a protease that induces the degradation of the LDL receptor (LDLR), which contributes to increased levels of LDL cholesterol and the progress of atherosclerosis. Given that macrophages are relevant components of the lipidic and inflammatory environment of atherosclerosis, we studied the effects of PCSK9 treatment on human macrophages. Our data show that human macrophages do not express PCSK9 but rapidly incorporate the circulating protein through the LDLR and also activate the pro-inflammatory TLR4 pathway. Both LDLR and TLR4 are internalized after incubation of macrophages with exogenous PCSK9. PCSK9 uptake increases the production of reactive oxygen species and reduces the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and cholesterol efflux, while enhancing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through a TLR4-dependent mechanism. Under these conditions, the viability of macrophages is compromised, leading to increased cell death. These results provide novel insights into the role of PCSK9 in the crosstalk of lipids and cholesterol metabolism through the LDLR and on the pro-inflammatory activation of macrophages through TLR4 signaling. These pathways are relevant in the outcome of atherosclerosis and highlight the relevance of PCSK9 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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9
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Duan Y, Gong K, Xu S, Zhang F, Meng X, Han J. Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis in health and diseases: from mechanisms to targeted therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:265. [PMID: 35918332 PMCID: PMC9344793 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Disturbed cholesterol homeostasis plays critical roles in the development of multiple diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), neurodegenerative diseases and cancers, particularly the CVD in which the accumulation of lipids (mainly the cholesteryl esters) within macrophage/foam cells underneath the endothelial layer drives the formation of atherosclerotic lesions eventually. More and more studies have shown that lowering cholesterol level, especially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, protects cardiovascular system and prevents cardiovascular events effectively. Maintaining cholesterol homeostasis is determined by cholesterol biosynthesis, uptake, efflux, transport, storage, utilization, and/or excretion. All the processes should be precisely controlled by the multiple regulatory pathways. Based on the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, many interventions have been developed to lower cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake or enhancing cholesterol utilization and excretion. Herein, we summarize the historical review and research events, the current understandings of the molecular pathways playing key roles in regulating cholesterol homeostasis, and the cholesterol-lowering interventions in clinics or in preclinical studies as well as new cholesterol-lowering targets and their clinical advances. More importantly, we review and discuss the benefits of those interventions for the treatment of multiple diseases including atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporosis and virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Duan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Gong
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Xianshe Meng
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Jihong Han
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Regulation for Major Diseases of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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10
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Kotlyarov S. High-Density Lipoproteins: A Role in Inflammation in COPD. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8128. [PMID: 35897703 PMCID: PMC9331387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a widespread disease associated with high rates of disability and mortality. COPD is characterized by chronic inflammation in the bronchi as well as systemic inflammation, which contributes significantly to the clinically heterogeneous course of the disease. Lipid metabolism disorders are common in COPD, being a part of its pathogenesis. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are not only involved in lipid metabolism, but are also part of the organism's immune and antioxidant defense. In addition, HDL is a versatile transport system for endogenous regulatory agents and is also involved in the removal of exogenous substances such as lipopolysaccharide. These functions, as well as information about lipoprotein metabolism disorders in COPD, allow a broader assessment of their role in the pathogenesis of heterogeneous and comorbid course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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11
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Bazioti V, La Rose AM, Maassen S, Bianchi F, de Boer R, Halmos B, Dabral D, Guilbaud E, Flohr-Svendsen A, Groenen AG, Marmolejo-Garza A, Koster MH, Kloosterhuis NJ, Havinga R, Pranger AT, Langelaar-Makkinje M, de Bruin A, van de Sluis B, Kohan AB, Yvan-Charvet L, van den Bogaart G, Westerterp M. T cell cholesterol efflux suppresses apoptosis and senescence and increases atherosclerosis in middle aged mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3799. [PMID: 35778407 PMCID: PMC9249754 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31135-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by hypercholesterolemia. During aging, T cells accumulate cholesterol, potentially affecting inflammation. However, the effect of cholesterol efflux pathways mediated by ATP-binding cassette A1 and G1 (ABCA1/ABCG1) on T cell-dependent age-related inflammation and atherosclerosis remains poorly understood. In this study, we generate mice with T cell-specific Abca1/Abcg1-deficiency on the low-density-lipoprotein-receptor deficient (Ldlr-/-) background. T cell Abca1/Abcg1-deficiency decreases blood, lymph node, and splenic T cells, and increases T cell activation and apoptosis. T cell Abca1/Abcg1-deficiency induces a premature T cell aging phenotype in middle-aged (12-13 months) Ldlr-/- mice, reflected by upregulation of senescence markers. Despite T cell senescence and enhanced T cell activation, T cell Abca1/Abcg1-deficiency decreases atherosclerosis and aortic inflammation in middle-aged Ldlr-/- mice, accompanied by decreased T cells in atherosclerotic plaques. We attribute these effects to T cell apoptosis downstream of T cell activation, compromising T cell functionality. Collectively, we show that T cell cholesterol efflux pathways suppress T cell apoptosis and senescence, and induce atherosclerosis in middle-aged Ldlr-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venetia Bazioti
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands ,grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XInstitute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Anouk M. La Rose
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sjors Maassen
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans Bianchi
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rinse de Boer
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Benedek Halmos
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Deepti Dabral
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Emma Guilbaud
- grid.462370.40000 0004 0620 5402Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Université Côte d’Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Arthur Flohr-Svendsen
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk G. Groenen
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Marmolejo-Garza
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H. Koster
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels J. Kloosterhuis
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rick Havinga
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alle T. Pranger
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Laboratory of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Miriam Langelaar-Makkinje
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alain de Bruin
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands ,grid.5477.10000000120346234Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Dutch Molecular Pathology Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Alison B. Kohan
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
| | - Laurent Yvan-Charvet
- grid.462370.40000 0004 0620 5402Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1065, Université Côte d’Azur, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Atip-Avenir, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) Oncoage, 06204 Nice, France
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- grid.4830.f0000 0004 0407 1981Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marit Westerterp
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
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12
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Esobi I, Olanrewaju O, Echesabal-Chen J, Stamatikos A. Utilizing the LoxP-Stop-LoxP System to Control Transgenic ABC-Transporter Expression In Vitro. Biomolecules 2022; 12:679. [PMID: 35625607 PMCID: PMC9138957 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCA1 and ABCG1 are two ABC-transporters well-recognized to promote the efflux of cholesterol to apoAI and HDL, respectively. As these two ABC-transporters are critical to cholesterol metabolism, several studies have assessed the impact of ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression on cellular cholesterol homeostasis through ABC-transporter ablation or overexpressing ABCA1/ABCG1. However, for the latter, there are currently no well-established in vitro models to effectively induce long-term ABC-transporter expression in a variety of cultured cells. Therefore, we performed proof-of-principle in vitro studies to determine whether a LoxP-Stop-LoxP (LSL) system would provide Cre-inducible ABC-transporter expression. In our studies, we transfected HEK293 cells and the HEK293-derived cell line 293-Cre cells with ABCA1-LSL and ABCG1-LSL-based plasmids. Our results showed that while the ABCA1/ABCG1 protein expression was absent in the transfected HEK293 cells, the ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expression was detected in the 293-Cre cells transfected with ABCA1-LSL and ABCG1-LSL, respectively. When we measured cholesterol efflux in transfected 293-Cre cells, we observed an enhanced apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux in 293-Cre cells overexpressing ABCA1, and an HDL2-mediated cholesterol efflux in 293-Cre cells constitutively expressing ABCG1. We also observed an appreciable increase in HDL3-mediated cholesterol efflux in ABCA1-overexpressing 293-Cre cells, which suggests that ABCA1 is capable of effluxing cholesterol to small HDL particles. Our proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate that the LSL-system can be used to effectively regulate ABC-transporter expression in vitro, which, in turn, allows ABCA1/ABCG1-overexpression to be extensively studied at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexis Stamatikos
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (I.E.); (O.O.); (J.E.-C.)
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13
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Vitamin D Counteracts Lipid Accumulation, Augments Free Fatty Acid-Induced ABCA1 and CPT-1A Expression While Reducing CD36 and C/EBPβ Protein Levels in Monocyte-Derived Macrophages. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040775. [PMID: 35453525 PMCID: PMC9028184 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The biologically active form of vitamin D, calcitriol (VD3), has received great attention for its extraskeletal effects, such as a protective role on the cardiovascular system. The aim of the present work is to test the capacity of VD3 to affect lipid metabolism and fatty acid accumulation in an in vitro model of monocyte (THP-1)-derived macrophages. Cells were treated for 24 h with oleic/palmitic acid (500 μM, 2:1 ratio) and different VD3 concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, 50 and 100 nM). Lipid accumulation was quantified spectrophotometrically (excitation: 544 nm, emission: 590 nm). C/EBPβ, PPAR-γ1, CD36, CPT-1A, and ABCA1 protein levels were assessed by ELISA kits at different time-points (1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h). VD3 at 50 and 100 nM significantly reduced fatty acids accumulation in macrophages by 27% and 32%, respectively. In addition, tested at 50 nM, VD3 decreased CD36, PPAR-γ1, and C/EBPβ, while it increased ABCA1 and CPT-1A protein levels in free fatty acid-exposed cells. In conclusion, VD3 reduced fatty acid accumulation in THP-1-derived macrophages exposed to lipid excess. The anti-atherogenic effect of VD3 could be ascribable to the regulation of proteins involved in lipid transport and clearance.
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14
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Modified Yuejuwan Inhibited Cholesterol Accumulation and Inflammation in THP-1 Macrophage-Derived Foam Cells by Inhibiting the Activity of the TRIM37/TRAF2/NF- κB Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6400517. [PMID: 35310029 PMCID: PMC8930229 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6400517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the function of modified Yuejuwan (MYJ) on THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. Methods First, human THP-cells were obtained, and then, grouping was made to the following: control group, foaming group, foaming group +0.2 mg/mL Jiawei Yueju pill, foaming group +0.5 mg/mL Jiawei Yueju pill, and foaming group +1 mg/mL Jiawei Yueju pill. An Oil Red O staining assay was used to examine the uptake of oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). The secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to quantify genes and proteins expression levels. Results Our results indicated that MYJ inhibited the accumulation of total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), and cholesteryl ester (CE) in foam cells. Moreover, the secretion of IL-1β and TNF-α also downregulated in foam cells after treatment of MYJ. Furthermore, we found that tripartite motif-containing 37 (TRIM37) was significantly upregulated in foam cells. Knockdown of TRIM37 promoted cholesterol efflux and presented an anti-inflammation effect in foam cells. Furthermore, TRIM37 positively mediated the translocation of NF-κB to nuclear. It negatively regulated its ubiquitination in foam cells after interacting with TRAF2. Importantly, MYJ profoundly suppressed the function of TRIM37 in foam cells and functioned as a TRIM37 inhibitor. Conclusions This study demonstrated that MYJ might alleviate oxLDL-induced foam cell formation by inhibiting the TRIM37/TRAF2/NF-κB pathway activity. MYJ was a potential agent in preventing atherosclerosis and indicated its potential signaling pathway in foam cells.
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15
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Liu Y, Sun Y, Lin X, Zhang D, Hu C, Liu J, Zhu Y, Gao A, Han H, Chai M, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Zhou Y. Perivascular adipose-derived exosomes reduce macrophage foam cell formation through miR-382-5p and the BMP4-PPARγ-ABCA1/ABCG1 pathways. Vascul Pharmacol 2022; 143:106968. [PMID: 35123060 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2022.106968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) releases exosomes (EXOs) to regulate vascular homeostasis. PVAT-derived EXOs reduce macrophage foam cell formation, but the underlying molecular mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. We hypothesize that PVAT release miRNA through EXOs and regulate the expression of cholesterol transporter of macrophages, thereby reducing foam cell formation. Methods and results Through RT-qPCR, we identified that miR-382-5p, which was expressed at lower levels in PVAT-EXOs from coronary atherosclerotic heart disease patients than healthy individuals, was expressed at higher levels in wild-type C57BL/6 J mouse aortic PVAT-EXOs than in subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived EXOs. We explored macrophage lipid accumulation through oil red O staining, assessed cholesterol uptake and efflux, and verified cholesterol transporter expression. We found that transfection with a miR-382-5p inhibitor offset PVAT-EXO-related reductions in macrophage foam cell formation and increases in cholesterol efflux mediated by ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABGA1). In addition, bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) pretreatment and si-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) transfection showed that BMP4-PPARγ participated in PVAT-EXO-mediated upregulation of the cholesterol efflux transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. Conclusions PVAT-EXOs reduce macrophage foam cell formation through miR-382-5p- and BMP4-PPARγ-mediated upregulation of the cholesterol efflux transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. This finding suggests a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xuze Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Dai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongya Han
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Meng Chai
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, Beijing 100029, China
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16
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Abstract
Cardiac lymphangiogenesis plays an important physiological role in the regulation of interstitial fluid homeostasis, inflammatory, and immune responses. Impaired or excessive cardiac lymphatic remodeling and insufficient lymph drainage have been implicated in several cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction (MI). Although the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of functional lymphatics are not fully understood, the interplay between lymphangiogenesis and immune regulation has recently been explored in relation to the initiation and development of these diseases. In this field, experimental therapeutic strategies targeting lymphangiogenesis have shown promise by reducing myocardial inflammation, edema and fibrosis, and improving cardiac function. On the other hand, however, whether lymphangiogenesis is beneficial or detrimental to cardiac transplant survival remains controversial. In the light of recent evidence, cardiac lymphangiogenesis, a thriving and challenging field has been summarized and discussed, which may improve our knowledge in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and transplant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Cheng Ji
- Faculty of Welfare and Health Science, Oita University, Oita, 870-1192, Japan.
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17
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Hoekstra M, Ren B, Laurila PP, Hildebrand RB, Soronen J, Frodermann V, Li Z, Boon MR, Geerling JJ, Rensen PCN, Jauhiainen M, Van Eck M. Hematopoietic upstream stimulating factor 1 deficiency is associated with increased atherosclerosis susceptibility in LDL receptor knockout mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16419. [PMID: 34385562 PMCID: PMC8361089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95858-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Total body upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) deficiency in mice is associated with brown adipose tissue activation and a marked protection against the development of obesity and atherosclerotic lesions. Functional expression of USF1 has also been detected in monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. In the current study we therefore tested whether selective hematopoietic USF1 deficiency can also beneficially impact the development of atherosclerosis. For this purpose, LDL receptor knockout mice were transplanted with bone marrow from USF1 knockout mice or their wild-type littermate controls and subsequently fed a Western-type diet for 20 weeks to stimulate atherosclerotic lesion development. Strikingly, absence of USF1 function in bone marrow-derived cells was associated with exacerbated blood leukocyte (+ 100%; P < 0.01) and peritoneal leukocyte (+ 50%; P < 0.05) lipid loading and an increased atherosclerosis susceptibility (+ 31%; P < 0.05). These effects could be attributed to aggravated hyperlipidemia, i.e. higher plasma free cholesterol (+ 33%; P < 0.001) and cholesteryl esters (+ 39%; P < 0.001), and the development of hepatosteatosis. In conclusion, we have shown that hematopoietic USF1 deficiency is associated with an increased atherosclerosis susceptibility in LDL receptor knockout mice. These findings argue against a contribution of macrophage-specific USF1 deficiency to the previously described beneficial effect of total body USF1 deficiency on atherosclerosis susceptibility in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menno Hoekstra
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Baoyan Ren
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pirkka-Pekka Laurila
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Genomics and Biobank Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Biomedicum 1, Helsinki, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reeni B Hildebrand
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jarkko Soronen
- Genomics and Biobank Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Biomedicum 1, Helsinki, Finland.,Pharmaceuticals Division, Bayer Oy BOF-PH-MRA-MA, Medical Affairs PO, Espoo, Finland
| | - Vanessa Frodermann
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zhuang Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Janine J Geerling
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matti Jauhiainen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miranda Van Eck
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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18
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Groenen AG, Halmos B, Tall AR, Westerterp M. Cholesterol efflux pathways, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 56:426-439. [PMID: 34182846 PMCID: PMC9007272 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1925217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) inversely correlate with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The causal relationship between plasma HDL-cholesterol levels and CVD has been called into question by Mendelian randomization studies and the majority of clinical trials not showing any benefit of plasma HDL-cholesterol raising drugs on CVD. Nonetheless, recent Mendelian randomization studies including an increased number of CVD cases compared to earlier studies have confirmed that HDL-cholesterol levels and CVD are causally linked. Moreover, several studies in large population cohorts have shown that the cholesterol efflux capacity of HDL inversely correlates with CVD. Cholesterol efflux pathways exert anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects by suppressing proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and inflammation and inflammasome activation in macrophages. Cholesterol efflux pathways also suppress the accumulation of cholesteryl esters in macrophages, i.e. macrophage foam cell formation. Recent single-cell RNASeq studies on atherosclerotic plaques have suggested that macrophage foam cells have lower expression of inflammatory genes than non-foam cells, probably reflecting liver X receptor activation, upregulation of ATP Binding Cassette A1 and G1 cholesterol transporters and suppression of inflammation. However, when these pathways are defective lesional foam cells may become pro-inflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk G. Groenen
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Benedek Halmos
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan R. Tall
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marit Westerterp
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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19
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. The Role of ABC Transporters in Lipid Metabolism and the Comorbid Course of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6711. [PMID: 34201488 PMCID: PMC8269124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. COPD rarely occurs in isolation and is often combined with various diseases. It is considered that systemic inflammation underlies the comorbid course of COPD. The data obtained in recent years have shown the importance of violations of the cross-links of lipid metabolism and the immune response, which are links in the pathogenesis of both COPD and atherosclerosis. The role of lipid metabolism disorders in the pathogenesis of the comorbid course of COPD and atherosclerosis and the participation of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in these processes is discussed in this article. It is known that about 20 representatives of a large family of ABC transporters provide lipid homeostasis of cells by moving lipids inside the cell and in its plasma membrane, as well as removing lipids from the cell. It was shown that some representatives of the ABC-transporter family are involved in various links of the pathogenesis of COPD and atherosclerosis, which can determine their comorbid course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia;
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20
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The Susceptibility to Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis Is Exacerbated with Aging in C57B1/6 Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050487. [PMID: 33946646 PMCID: PMC8146644 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-atherogenic activity of HDL is mainly due to their capacity to mediate reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). However, it is not clear to what extent this activity is affected by aging or pro-atherogenic conditions. Three and 24-month-old C57Bl/6 mice were fed an atherogenic diet (high fat, high cholesterol) for 12 weeks. The aged mice displayed a significant reduction in the capacity of HDL to mediate RCT (29.03%, p < 0.0006). Interestingly, the atherogenic diet significantly stimulated the RCT process in both young and aged mice (241% and 201%, respectively, p < 0.01). However, despite this, significant amounts of cholesterol accumulated in the aortas of mice fed an atherogenic diet as compared to regular chow. The accumulation of cholesterol was more marked in the aortas of aged mice (110% increase, p < 0.002). ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expression on macrophages decreased significantly (52 to 37% reduction, p < 0.002), whereas their expression on hepatic cells increased significantly (up to 590% for ABCA1 and 116% for ABCG1, p < 0.002). On the other hand, SR-BI protein expression on hepatic cells decreased significantly (42.85%, p < 0.0001). ABCG5, ABCG8, and CYP7a protein expression on hepatic cells was also higher in mice fed an atherogenic diet. The increase was age-dependent for both ABCG5 and ABCG8. Our results suggest that the susceptibility to diet-induced atherosclerosis is exacerbated with aging and is a consequence of the dysregulation of the expression levels of membrane cholesterol transporters.
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21
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Groenen AG, Westerterp M. A New Small Molecule Increases Cholesterol Efflux. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1851-1853. [PMID: 33853353 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anouk G Groenen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marit Westerterp
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Busnelli M, Manzini S, Chiara M, Colombo A, Fontana F, Oleari R, Potì F, Horner D, Bellosta S, Chiesa G. Aortic Gene Expression Profiles Show How ApoA-I Levels Modulate Inflammation, Lysosomal Activity, and Sphingolipid Metabolism in Murine Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:651-667. [PMID: 33327742 PMCID: PMC7837693 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HDL (high-density lipoprotein) particles are known to possess several antiatherogenic properties that include the removal of excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues, the maintenance of endothelial integrity, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. ApoA-I overexpression in apoE-deficient (EKO) mice has been shown to increase HDL levels and to strongly reduce atherosclerosis development. The aim of the study was to investigate gene expression patterns associated with atherosclerosis development in the aorta of EKO mice and how HDL plasma levels relate to gene expression patterns at different stages of atherosclerosis development and with different dietary treatments. Approach and Results: Eight-week-old EKO mice, EKO mice overexpressing human apoA-I, and wild-type mice as controls were fed either normal laboratory or Western diet for 6 or 22 weeks. Cholesterol distribution among lipoproteins was evaluated, and atherosclerosis of the aorta was quantified. High-throughput sequencing technologies were used to analyze the transcriptome of the aorta of the 3 genotypes in each experimental condition. In addition to the well-known activation of inflammation and immune response, the impairment of sphingolipid metabolism, phagosome-lysosome system, and osteoclast differentiation emerged as relevant players in atherosclerosis development. The reduced atherosclerotic burden in the aorta of EKO mice expressing high levels of apoA-I was accompanied by a reduced activation of immune system markers, as well as reduced perturbation of lysosomal activity and a better regulation of the sphingolipid synthesis pathway. CONCLUSIONS ApoA-I modulates atherosclerosis development in the aorta of EKO mice affecting the expression of pathways additional to those associated with inflammation and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Busnelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., F.F., R.O., S.B., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Manzini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., F.F., R.O., S.B., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Chiara
- Department of Biosciences (M.C., D.H.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy (M.C., D.H.)
| | - Alice Colombo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., F.F., R.O., S.B., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Fontana
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., F.F., R.O., S.B., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Oleari
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., F.F., R.O., S.B., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Potì
- Department of Medicine and Surgery—Unit of Neurosciences, University of Parma, Italy (F.P.)
| | - David Horner
- Department of Biosciences (M.C., D.H.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council, Bari, Italy (M.C., D.H.)
| | - Stefano Bellosta
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., F.F., R.O., S.B., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Chiesa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (M.B., S.M., A.C., F.F., R.O., S.B., G.C.), Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy
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23
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Ouweneel AB, Zhao Y, Calpe-Berdiel L, Lammers B, Hoekstra M, Van Berkel TJC, Van Eck M. Impact of bone marrow ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 deficiency on atherogenesis is independent of the presence of the low-density lipoprotein receptor. Atherosclerosis 2021; 319:79-85. [PMID: 33494008 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is extensive evidence from bone marrow transplantation studies that hematopoietic ATP binding cassette A1 (Abca1) is atheroprotective in low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr) deficient mice. In contrast, studies using lysosyme M promoter-driven deletion of Abca1 in Ldlr deficient mice failed to show similar effects. It was hypothesized that the discrepancy between these studies might be due to the presence of Ldlr in bone marrow-derived cells in the transplantation model. In this study, we aim to determine the contribution of Ldlr to the atheroprotective effect of hematopoietic Abca1 in the murine bone marrow transplantation model. METHODS Wild-type, Ldlr-/-, Abca1-/-, and Abca1-/-Ldlr-/- bone marrow was transplanted into hypercholesterolemic Ldlr-/- mice. RESULTS Bone marrow Lldr deficiency did not influence the effects of Abca1 on macrophage cholesterol efflux, foam cell formation, monocytosis or plasma cholesterol. Ldlr deficiency did reduce circulating and peritoneal lymphocyte counts, albeit only in animals lacking Abca1 in bone marrow-derived cells. Importantly, the effects of Abca1 deficiency on atherosclerosis susceptibility were unaltered by the presence or absence of Ldlr. Bone marrow Ldlr deficiency did lead to marginally but consistently decreased atherosclerosis, regardless of Abca1 deficiency. Thus, Ldlr expression on bone marrow-derived cells does, to a minimal extent, influence atherosclerotic lesion development, albeit independent of Abca1. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel insight into the relative impact of Ldlr and Abca1 in bone marrow-derived cells on macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development in vivo. We have shown that Ldlr and Abca1 differentially and independently influence atherosclerosis development in a murine bone marrow transplantation model of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber B Ouweneel
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Ying Zhao
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Calpe-Berdiel
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bart Lammers
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Menno Hoekstra
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Theo J C Van Berkel
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Van Eck
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC, Leiden, the Netherlands
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24
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Chen SY, Chen YZ, Lee YJ, Jiang CL, Lu SC, Lin FJ. Maternal hypercholesterolemia exacerbates atherosclerosis lesions in female offspring through potentiating macrophage polarization toward an inflammatory M1 phenotype. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 90:108575. [PMID: 33387610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Maternal hypercholesterolemia induces early onset of cardiovascular diseases in offspring; however, its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that maternal hypercholesterolemia increases offspring susceptibility to atherosclerosis in adulthood through developmental modifications of macrophages. Female apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-deficient mice were fed a Western-type diet (WD) or a control diet (CD) prior to and throughout gestation and lactation. The offspring were all fed a WD after weaning. Sixteen-week-old female offspring of WD-fed dams showed a significant increase in atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta and aortic root compared with those of CD-fed dams. This effect was associated with increased macrophage accumulation within lesions, macrophage inflammation and an increase in circulating Ly6Chigh monocyte and F4/80 macrophage counts. We further evidenced that in utero WD exposure promoted macrophage polarization toward the M1 phenotype by elevating M1 markers (Cd86, Inos/Nos2) without affecting M2 markers (Cd206, Arg1). Proinflammatory cytokine synthesis was also enhanced in response to LPS. Finally, maternal WD intake strongly inhibited the macrophage expression of Pparg and Lxra, which was associated with aberrant DNA methylation of Lxra promoter. Our findings demonstrate that maternal hypercholesterolemia exacerbates atherosclerosis, in part by altering the epigenetic state of the macrophage genome of the offspring, imprinting gene expression, and changing macrophage polarization, which ultimately contributes to plaque macrophage burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin-Yu Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Zhen Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jing Lee
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Lin Jiang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chun Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Jung Lin
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Development Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Mammalian ABCG-transporters, sterols and lipids: To bind perchance to transport? Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1866:158860. [PMID: 33309976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Members of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter family perform a critical function in maintaining lipid homeostasis in cells as well as the transport of drugs. In this review, we provide an update on the ABCG-transporter subfamily member proteins, which include the homodimers ABCG1, ABCG2 and ABCG4 as well as the heterodimeric complex formed between ABCG5 and ABCG8. This review focusses on progress made in this field of research with respect to their function in health and disease and the recognised transporter substrates. We also provide an update on post-translational regulation, including by transporter substrates, and well as the involvement of microRNA as regulators of transporter expression and activity. In addition, we describe progress made in identifying structural elements that have been recognised as important for transport activity. We furthermore discuss the role of lipids such as cholesterol on the transport function of ABCG2, traditionally thought of as a drug transporter, and provide a model of potential cholesterol binding sites for ABCG2.
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26
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He H, Wang J, Yannie PJ, Korzun WJ, Yang H, Ghosh S. Nanoparticle-based "Two-pronged" approach to regress atherosclerosis by simultaneous modulation of cholesterol influx and efflux. Biomaterials 2020; 260:120333. [PMID: 32853832 PMCID: PMC7530139 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Reduction of lipoprotein uptake by macrophages and stimulation of cholesterol efflux are two essential steps required for atherosclerotic plaque regression. We used the optimized mannose-functionalized dendrimeric nanoparticle (mDNP)-based platform for macrophage-specific delivery of therapeutics to simultaneously deliver SR-A siRNA (to reduce LDL uptake) and LXR ligand (LXR-L, to stimulate cholesterol efflux) - a novel "Two-pronged" approach to facilitate plaque regression. mDNP-mediated delivery of SR-A siRNA led to a significant reduction in SR-A expression with a corresponding decrease in uptake of oxLDL. Delivery of LXR-L increased expression of ABCA1/G1 and cholesterol efflux. Combined delivery of siRNA and LXR-L led to a significantly greater decrease in macrophage cholesterol content compared to either treatment alone. Administration of this in vitro optimized formulation of mDNP complexed with SR-A-siRNA and LXR-L (Two-pronged complex) to atherosclerotic LDLR-/- mice fed western diet (TD88137) led to significant regression of atherosclerotic plaques with a corresponding decrease in aortic cholesterol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang He
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA; Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23219, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Paul J Yannie
- Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23249, USA
| | - William J Korzun
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23219, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA; Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
| | - Shobha Ghosh
- Department of Internal Medicine, VCU Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA; Hunter Homes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23249, USA.
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Fernández-García V, González-Ramos S, Martín-Sanz P, Castrillo A, Boscá L. Contribution of Extramedullary Hematopoiesis to Atherosclerosis. The Spleen as a Neglected Hub of Inflammatory Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:586527. [PMID: 33193412 PMCID: PMC7649205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.586527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) incidence is becoming higher. This fact is promoted by metabolic disorders such as obesity, and aging. Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of most of these pathologies. It is a chronic inflammatory disease that begins with the progressive accumulation of lipids and fibrotic materials in the blood-vessel wall, which leads to massive leukocyte recruitment. Rupture of the fibrous cap of the atherogenic cusps is responsible for tissue ischemic events, among them myocardial infarction. Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH), or blood cell production outside the bone marrow (BM), occurs when the normal production of these cells is impaired (chronic hematological and genetic disorders, leukemia, etc.) or is altered by metabolic disorders, such as hypercholesterolemia, or after myocardial infarction. Recent studies indicate that the main EMH tissues (spleen, liver, adipose and lymph nodes) complement the hematopoietic function of the BM, producing circulating inflammatory cells that infiltrate into the atheroma. Indeed, the spleen, which is a secondary lymphopoietic organ with high metabolic activity, contains a reservoir of myeloid progenitors and monocytes, constituting an important source of inflammatory cells to the atherosclerotic lesion. Furthermore, the spleen also plays an important role in lipid homeostasis and immune-cell selection. Interestingly, clinical evidence from splenectomized subjects shows that they are more susceptible to developing pathologies, such as dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis due to the loss of immune selection. Although CVDs represent the leading cause of death worldwide, the mechanisms involving the spleen-atherosclerosis-heart axis cross-talk remain poorly characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Fernández-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia González-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Biomedicina, (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM) and Universidad de Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias, Grupo de Investigación Medio Ambiente y Salud, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Biomedicina, (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM) and Universidad de Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain
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28
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Lopez-Rodriguez E, Ochs M. Reply to: Comments on “Air Space Distension Precedes Spontaneous Fibrotic Remodeling and Impaired Cholesterol Metabolism in the Absence of Surfactant Protein C”. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:399-402. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0158le] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Teixeira MD, Tureck LV, do Nascimento GA, de Souza RLR, Furtado-Alle L. Is it possible ABC transporters genetic variants influence the outcomes of a weight-loss diet in obese women? Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20190326. [PMID: 32745159 PMCID: PMC7416754 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters are involved in cholesterol metabolism and their dysfunctions could lead to obesity-associated complications. It was investigated whether SNPs in the ABCA1 (rs1800977 and rs2230806), ABCA7 (rs2279796) and ABCG1 (rs692383 and rs3827225) genes can modulate the responsiveness of 137 obese women to a weight-loss dietary intervention. Thus, anthropometric and lipid profiles were collected at baseline and after nine weeks of a calorie-restricted diet of 600kcal per day and participants were genotyped for the ABC genes SNPs. Regarding the transversal analysis, the ABCA7 rs2279796 GG genotype was associated with higher levels of total cholesterol and LDL-c at baseline (p = 0.044 for both). Association between ABCG1 rs692383 AA genotype and lower BMI were found in the post-diet moment, however, statistical significance was lost after multi-test correction. Regarding the longitudinal analysis, after multi-test correction, the association remained between ABCG1 rs692383 G allele and HDL-c levels: G allele carriers had a lower HDL-c reduction (p = 0.043). Results suggest the standard weight-loss diet applied in this study could attenuate the ABCA7 rs2279796 GG genotype effects found at baseline and non-dyslipidemic obese women with ABCG1 rs692383 G allele are benefitting from the diet with a lower reduction in HDL-c levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayza Dalcin Teixeira
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética,
Laboratório de Polimorfismos e Ligação, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciane Viater Tureck
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética,
Laboratório de Polimorfismos e Ligação, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lupe Furtado-Alle
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Genética,
Laboratório de Polimorfismos e Ligação, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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30
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Satta N, Frias MA, Vuilleumier N, Pagano S. Humoral Immunity Against HDL Particle: A New Perspective in Cardiovascular Diseases? Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:3128-3146. [PMID: 31470782 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190830164917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune diseases are closely associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Over the last decades, the comprehension of atherosclerosis, the principal initiator of CVD, evolved from a lipidcentered disease to a predominant inflammatory and immune response-driven disease displaying features of autoimmunity against a broad range of auto-antigens, including lipoproteins. Among them, high density lipoproteins (HDL) are important actors of cholesterol transport and bear several anti-atherogenic properties, raising a growing interest as therapeutic targets to decrease atherosclerosis and CVD burden, with nevertheless rather disappointing results so far. Reflecting HDL composition complexity, autoimmune responses and autoantibodies against various HDL components have been reported. RESULTS In this review, we addressed the important complexity of humoral autoimmunity towards HDL and particularly how this autoimmune response could help improving our understanding of HDL biological implication in atherosclerosis and CVD. We also discussed several issues related to specific HDL autoantibody subclasses characteristics, including etiology, prognosis and pathological mechanisms according to Rose criteria. CONCLUSION Finally, we addressed the possible clinical value of using these antibodies not only as potential biomarkers of atherogenesis and CVD, but also as a factor potentially mitigating the benefit of HDL-raising therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Satta
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Miguel A Frias
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Vuilleumier
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Pagano
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Diagnostic, Geneva University Hospitals, 4 rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1 rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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31
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Castaño D, Rattanasopa C, Monteiro-Cardoso VF, Corlianò M, Liu Y, Zhong S, Rusu M, Liehn EA, Singaraja RR. Lipid efflux mechanisms, relation to disease and potential therapeutic aspects. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:54-93. [PMID: 32423566 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are hydrophobic and amphiphilic molecules involved in diverse functions such as membrane structure, energy metabolism, immunity, and signaling. However, altered intra-cellular lipid levels or composition can lead to metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction, as well as lipotoxicity. Thus, intra-cellular lipid homeostasis is tightly regulated by multiple mechanisms. Since most peripheral cells do not catabolize cholesterol, efflux (extra-cellular transport) of cholesterol is vital for lipid homeostasis. Defective efflux contributes to atherosclerotic plaque development, impaired β-cell insulin secretion, and neuropathology. Of these, defective lipid efflux in macrophages in the arterial walls leading to foam cell and atherosclerotic plaque formation has been the most well studied, likely because a leading global cause of death is cardiovascular disease. Circulating high density lipoprotein particles play critical roles as acceptors of effluxed cellular lipids, suggesting their importance in disease etiology. We review here mechanisms and pathways that modulate lipid efflux, the role of lipid efflux in disease etiology, and therapeutic options aimed at modulating this critical process.
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32
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Morgan PK, Fang L, Lancaster GI, Murphy AJ. Hematopoiesis is regulated by cholesterol efflux pathways and lipid rafts: connections with cardiovascular diseases. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:667-675. [PMID: 31471447 PMCID: PMC7193969 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.tr119000267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are highly ordered regions of the plasma membrane that are enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids and play important roles in many cells. In hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), lipid rafts house receptors critical for normal hematopoiesis. Lipid rafts also can bind and sequester kinases that induce negative feedback pathways to limit proliferative cytokine receptor cycling back to the cell membrane. Modulation of lipid rafts occurs through an array of mechanisms, with optimal cholesterol efflux one of the major regulators. As such, cholesterol homeostasis also regulates hematopoiesis. Increased lipid raft content, which occurs in response to changes in cholesterol efflux in the membrane, can result in prolonged receptor occupancy in the cell membrane and enhanced signaling. In addition, certain diseases, like diabetes, may contribute to lipid raft formation and affect cholesterol retention in rafts. In this review, we explore the role of lipid raft-related mechanisms in hematopoiesis and CVD (specifically, atherosclerosis) and discuss how defective cholesterol efflux pathways in HSPCs contribute to expansion of lipid rafts, thereby promoting myelopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. We also discuss the utility of cholesterol acceptors in contributing to lipid raft regulation and disruption, and highlight the potential to manipulate these pathways for therapeutic gain in CVD as well as other disorders with aberrant hematopoiesis.jlr;61/5/667/F1F1f1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooranee K Morgan
- Division of Immunometabolism,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Life Sciences,La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Longhou Fang
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration,Houston Methodist, Houston, TX
| | - Graeme I Lancaster
- Division of Immunometabolism,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Division of Immunometabolism,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Life Sciences,La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
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33
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LongShengZhi Capsule Reduces Established Atherosclerotic Lesions in apoE-Deficient Mice by Ameliorating Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Inhibiting Inflammation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 73:105-117. [PMID: 30540683 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Disorders of lipid metabolism and inflammation play an important role in atherosclerosis. LongShengZhi (LSZ) capsule, a Chinese herbal medicine, has been used for treatment of patients with vascular diseases for many years. In this article, we determined the effect of LSZ on the progression of established atherosclerotic lesions in apoE-deficient (apoE) mice. ApoE mice were prefed high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce atherosclerosis, then started with LSZ treatment contained in HFD for 10 weeks. Although LSZ had little effect on HFD-induced hypercholesterolemia, it substantially reduced en face and sinus aortic lesions. The reduction of lesions was associated with reduced macrophage/foam cell accumulation by activating ABCA1/ABCG1 expression. LSZ maintained the integrity of arterial wall by increasing collagen or smooth muscle cell content and inhibiting cell apoptosis. LSZ also attenuated HFD-induced fatty liver by down-regulating expression of lipogenic and cholesterol synthetic genes while activating expression of triglyceride catabolism genes. Moreover, LSZ demonstrated potent anti-inflammatory effects. In vivo, LSZ reduced serum TNF-α levels, infiltration of neutrophils, Kupffer cells, and expression of inflammatory cytokines in the liver. In vitro, it inhibited lipopolysaccharide or palmitate-induced expression of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Therefore, LSZ reduces atherosclerosis by ameliorating hepatic lipid metabolism and inhibiting inflammation.
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Wang D, Yang Y, Lei Y, Tzvetkov NT, Liu X, Yeung AWK, Xu S, Atanasov AG. Targeting Foam Cell Formation in Atherosclerosis: Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 71:596-670. [PMID: 31554644 DOI: 10.1124/pr.118.017178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Foam cell formation and further accumulation in the subendothelial space of the vascular wall is a hallmark of atherosclerotic lesions. Targeting foam cell formation in the atherosclerotic lesions can be a promising approach to treat and prevent atherosclerosis. The formation of foam cells is determined by the balanced effects of three major interrelated biologic processes, including lipid uptake, cholesterol esterification, and cholesterol efflux. Natural products are a promising source for new lead structures. Multiple natural products and pharmaceutical agents can inhibit foam cell formation and thus exhibit antiatherosclerotic capacity by suppressing lipid uptake, cholesterol esterification, and/or promoting cholesterol ester hydrolysis and cholesterol efflux. This review summarizes recent findings on these three biologic processes and natural products with demonstrated potential to target such processes. Discussed also are potential future directions for studying the mechanisms of foam cell formation and the development of foam cell-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Yang Yang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Yingnan Lei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Xingde Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Andy Wai Kan Yeung
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Suowen Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China (D.W., X.L.); Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland (D.W., Y.Y., Y.L., A.G.A.); Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (A.G.A.); Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland (D.W.); Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev," Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (N.T.T.); Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (N.T.T.); Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York (S.X.); Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China (A.W.K.Y.); and Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria (A.G.A.)
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High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity is not associated with atherosclerosis and prevalence of cardiovascular outcome: The CODAM study. J Clin Lipidol 2019; 14:122-132.e4. [PMID: 31791716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesterol Efflux Capacity (CEC) is considered to be a key atheroprotective property of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). However, the role of HDL-CEC in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) risk is still controversial, and data in individuals with diabetes are limited. OBJECTIVE In this study, we have investigated the relationship of CEC and other HDL characteristics with clinical and subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with elevated cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). METHODS Using multiple linear regression analyses, we determined the relationship of HDL-CEC with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT, Z-Score), an endothelial dysfunction (EnD) Score (Z-Score), prevalent CVD (n = 150 cases) and history of CV events (CVE, n = 85 cases) in an observational cohort (CODAM, n = 574, 59.6 ± 0.3 yr, 61.3% men, 24.4% T2DM). Stratified analyses were performed to determine if the associations differed between individuals with normal glucose metabolism (NGM) and those with disturbed glucose metabolism. RESULTS HDL-CEC was not associated with either marker of atherosclerosis (cIMT, EnD Score) nor with CVD or CVE. In contrast, other HDL characteristics that is, HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C, Z-Score), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I, Z-Score), HDL size (Z-Score) and HDL particle number (HDL-P, Z-Score) were inversely and significantly associated with the EnD Score (s -0.226 to -0.097, P < .05) and CVE (ORs 0.61 to 0.68, P < .05). In stratified analyses, HDL size and HDL-P were significantly associated with the EnD Score in individuals with NGM (Pinteraction .039 and .005, respectively), but not in those with (pre)diabetes. HDL-C and apoA-I were inversely associated with prevalent CVD in individuals with (pre)diabetes (Pinteraction = .074 and .034, respectively), but not in those with NGM. CONCLUSION HDL-CEC is not associated with clinical or subclinical atherosclerosis, neither in the whole population nor in individuals with (pre)diabetes, while other HDL characteristics show atheroprotective associations. The atheroprotective associations of HDL-size and HDL-P are lost in (pre)diabetes, while higher concentrations of HDL-C and apoA-I are associated with a lower prevalence of CVD in (pre)diabetes.
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Zhou PL, Li M, Han XW, Bi YH, Zhang WG, Wu ZY, Wu G. Perilipin 5 deficiency promotes atherosclerosis progression through accelerating inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19107-19123. [PMID: 31297870 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Excessive plasma triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol levels promote the progression of several prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, including atherosclerosis, which is a leading death cause. Perilipin 5 (Plin5), an important perilipin protein, is abundant in tissues with very active lipid catabolism and is involved in the regulation of oxidative stress. Although inflammation and oxidative stress play a critical role in atherosclerosis development, the underlying mechanisms are complex and not completely understood. In the present study, we demonstrated the role of Plin5 in high-fat-diet-induced atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E null (ApoE-/- ) mice. Our results suggested that Plin5 expressions increased in the artery tissues of ApoE-/- mice. ApoE/Plin5 double knockout (ApoE-/- Plin5-/- ) exacerbated severer atherogenesis, accompanied with significantly disturbed plasma metabolic profiles, such as elevated TG, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents. ApoE-/- Plin5-/- exhibited a higher number of inflammatory monocytes and neutrophils, as well as overexpression of cytokines and chemokines linked with an inflammatory response. Consistently, the IκBα/nuclear factor kappa B pathway was strongly activated in ApoE-/- Plin5-/- . Notably, apoptosis was dramatically induced by ApoE-/- Plin5-/- , as evidenced by increased cleavage of Caspase-3 and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-2. In addition, ApoE-/- Plin5-/- contributed to oxidative stress generation in the aortic tissues, which was linked with the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B and mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways. In vitro, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) increased Plin5 expression in RAW264.7 cells. Its knockdown enhanced inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipid accumulation, while promotion of Plin5 markedly reduced all the effects induced by ox-LDL in cells. These studies strongly supported that Plin5 could be a new regulator against atherosclerosis, providing new insights on therapeutic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Li Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Wei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Hua Bi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wen-Guang Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Zhu A, Chu L, Ma Q, Li Y. Long non-coding RNA H19 down-regulates miR-181a to facilitate endothelial angiogenic function. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2698-2705. [PMID: 31267802 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1634577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
- Affiliated Jining No.1 People’s Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Lifen Chu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Qiuju Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
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Shi Y, Lv X, Liu Y, Li B, Liu M, Yan M, Liu Y, Li Q, Zhang X, He S, Zhu M, He J, Zhu Y, Zhu Y, Ai D. Elevating ATP‐binding cassette transporter G1 improves re‐endothelialization function of endothelial progenitor cells
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Lyn/Akt/eNOS in diabetic mice. FASEB J 2018; 32:6525-6536. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800248rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xue Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yanan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Bochuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Mingming Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Meng Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yajin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Qi Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Shuang He
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseTianjin Chest HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Mason Zhu
- Department of Molecular BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaSan Diego La JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jinlong He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Physiology and PathophysiologyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
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The Yin and Yang of carbon nanomaterials in atherosclerosis. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:2232-2247. [PMID: 30342084 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With unique characteristics such as high surface area, capacity of various functionalization, low weight, high conductivity, thermal and chemical stability, and free radical scavenging, carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), fullerene, graphene (oxide), carbon nanohorns (CNHs), and their derivatives have increasingly been utilized in nanomedicine and biomedicine. On the one hand, owing to ever-increasing applications of CNMs in technological and industrial fields as well as presence of combustion-derived CNMs in the ambient air, the skepticism has risen over the adverse effects of CNMs on human being. The influences of CNMs on cardiovascular system and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as atherosclerosis, of which consequences are ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke, as the main causes of death, is of paramount importance. In this regard, several studies have been devoted to specify the biomedical applications and cardiovascular toxicity of CNMs. Therefore, the aim of this review is to specify the roles and applications of various CNMs in atherosclerosis, and also identify the key role playing parameters in cardiovascular toxicity of CNMs so as to be a clue for prospective deployment of CNMs.
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Disordered haematopoiesis and cardiovascular disease: a focus on myelopoiesis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2018; 132:1889-1899. [PMID: 30185612 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVD) are primarily caused by atherosclerotic vascular disease. Atherogenesis is mainly driven by recruitment of leucocytes to the arterial wall, where macrophages contribute to both lipid retention as well as the inflammatory milieu within the vessel wall. Consequently, diseases which present with an enhanced abundance of circulating leucocytes, particularly monocytes, have also been documented to accelerate CVD. A host of metabolic and inflammatory diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, hypercholesteraemia, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), have been shown to alter myelopoiesis to exacerbate atherosclerosis. Genetic evidence has emerged in humans with the discovery of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), resulting in a disordered haematopoietic system linked to accelerated atherogenesis. CHIP, caused by somatic mutations in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), consequently provide a proliferative advantage over native HSPCs and, in the case of Tet2 loss of function mutation, gives rise to inflammatory plaque macrophages (i.e. enhanced interleukin (IL)-1β production). Together with the recent findings of the CANTOS (Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study) trial that revealed blocking IL-1β using Canakinumab reduced CV events, these studies collectively have highlighted a pivotal role of IL-1β signalling in a population of people with atherosclerotic CVD. This review will explore how haematopoiesis is altered by risk-factors and inflammatory disorders that promote CVD. Further, we will discuss some of the recent genetic evidence of disordered haematopoiesis in relation to CVD though the association with CHIP and suggest that future studies should explore what initiates HSPC mutations, as well as how current anti-inflammatory agents affect CHIP-driven atherosclerosis.
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Zhu A, Chu L, Ma Q, Li Y. WITHDRAWN: Long non-coding RNA H19 promotes angiogenesis in microvascular endothelial cells by down-regulating miR-181a. Int J Biol Macromol 2018:S0141-8130(18)33632-8. [PMID: 30134190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China
| | - Lifen Chu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China
| | - Qiuju Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jining No.1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, China.
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Anastasius M, Luquain-Costaz C, Kockx M, Jessup W, Kritharides L. A critical appraisal of the measurement of serum 'cholesterol efflux capacity' and its use as surrogate marker of risk of cardiovascular disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:1257-1273. [PMID: 30305243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The 'cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC)' assay is a simple in vitro measure of the capacities of individual sera to promote the first step of the reverse cholesterol transport pathway, the delivery of cellular cholesterol to plasma HDL. This review describes the cell biology of this model and critically assesses its application as a marker of cardiovascular risk. We describe the pathways for cell cholesterol export, current cell models used in the CEC assay with their limitations and consider the contribution that measurement of serum CEC provides to our understanding of HDL function in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm Anastasius
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Maaike Kockx
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wendy Jessup
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonard Kritharides
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Leukocytosis, elevated blood leukocyte levels, is associated with enhanced cardiovascular risk in humans. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) drive leukocyte production in a process called hematopoiesis, which mainly occurs in the bone marrow, and under certain conditions also in other organs such as the spleen. Cholesterol accumulation in HSPCs enhances hematopoiesis, increasing levels of blood monocytes that infiltrate into atherosclerotic plaques. Although HSPC proliferation and monocytosis enhance atherogenesis in several studies, concomitant decreases in LDL-cholesterol levels have also been reported, associated with anti-atherogenic effects. This review focuses on the link between HSPC proliferation, leukocytosis, plasma LDL-cholesterol levels, and atherogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have shown that an acute infection enhances cholesterol accumulation in HSPCs, driving HSPC proliferation, and leading to the expansion of myeloid cells (monocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages). Enhanced hematopoiesis is associated with low plasma LDL-cholesterol levels in animal models and humans, probably because of the increased number of myeloid cells that take up LDL-cholesterol. Despite low-plasma LDL-cholesterol levels, specific patient populations with enhanced hematopoiesis show increased cardiovascular risk. SUMMARY Enhanced hematopoiesis and monocytosis may accelerate atherogenesis. Studies on these processes may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venetia Bazioti
- Section of Molecular Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Chistiakov DA, Grechko AV, Myasoedova VA, Melnichenko AA, Orekhov AN. The role of monocytosis and neutrophilia in atherosclerosis. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1366-1382. [PMID: 29364567 PMCID: PMC5824421 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytosis and neutrophilia are frequent events in atherosclerosis. These phenomena arise from the increased proliferation of hematopoietic stem and multipotential progenitor cells (HSPCs) and HSPC mobilization from the bone marrow to other immune organs and circulation. High cholesterol and inflammatory signals promote HSPC proliferation and preferential differentiation to the myeloid precursors (i.e., myelopoiesis) that than give rise to pro-inflammatory immune cells. These cells accumulate in the plaques thereby enhancing vascular inflammation and contributing to further lesion progression. Studies in animal models of atherosclerosis showed that manipulation with HSPC proliferation and differentiation through the activation of LXR-dependent mechanisms and restoration of cholesterol efflux may have a significant therapeutic potential.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/immunology
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Bone Marrow/immunology
- Bone Marrow/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cholesterol/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/immunology
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Hypercholesterolemia/genetics
- Hypercholesterolemia/immunology
- Hypercholesterolemia/pathology
- Liver X Receptors/genetics
- Liver X Receptors/immunology
- Mice
- Monocytes/immunology
- Monocytes/pathology
- Multipotent Stem Cells/immunology
- Multipotent Stem Cells/pathology
- Neutrophils/immunology
- Neutrophils/pathology
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/deficiency
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/immunology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/immunology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitry A. Chistiakov
- Department of NeurochemistryDivision of Basic and Applied NeurobiologySerbsky Federal Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and NarcologyMoscowRussia
| | - Andrey V. Grechko
- Federal Scientific Clinical Center for Resuscitation and RehabilitationMoscowRussia
| | - Veronika A. Myasoedova
- Skolkovo Innovative CenterInstitute for Atherosclerosis ResearchMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of AngiopathologyInstitute of General Pathology and PathophysiologyRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - Alexandra A. Melnichenko
- Skolkovo Innovative CenterInstitute for Atherosclerosis ResearchMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of AngiopathologyInstitute of General Pathology and PathophysiologyRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Skolkovo Innovative CenterInstitute for Atherosclerosis ResearchMoscowRussia
- Laboratory of AngiopathologyInstitute of General Pathology and PathophysiologyRussian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia
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Wen G, An W, Chen J, Maguire EM, Chen Q, Yang F, Pearce SWA, Kyriakides M, Zhang L, Ye S, Nourshargh S, Xiao Q. Genetic and Pharmacologic Inhibition of the Neutrophil Elastase Inhibits Experimental Atherosclerosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.117.008187. [PMID: 29437605 PMCID: PMC5850208 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.008187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate whether neutrophil elastase (NE) plays a causal role in atherosclerosis, and the molecular mechanisms involved. Methods and Results NE genetic–deficient mice (Apolipoprotein E−/−/NE−/− mice), bone marrow transplantation, and a specific NE inhibitor (GW311616A) were employed in this study to establish the causal role of NE in atherosclerosis. Aortic expression of NE mRNA and plasma NE activity was significantly increased in high‐fat diet (HFD)–fed wild‐type (WT) (Apolipoprotein E−/−) mice but, as expected, not in NE‐deficient mice. Selective NE knockout markedly reduced HFD‐induced atherosclerosis and significantly increased indicators of atherosclerotic plaque stability. While plasma lipid profiles were not affected by NE deficiency, decreased levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines and inflammatory monocytes (Ly6Chi/CD11b+) were observed in NE‐deficient mice fed with an HFD for 12 weeks as compared with WT. Bone marrow reconstitution of WT mice with NE−/− bone marrow cells significantly reduced HFD‐induced atherosclerosis, while bone marrow reconstitution of NE−/− mice with WT bone marrow cells restored the pathological features of atherosclerotic plaques induced by HFD in NE‐deficient mice. In line with these findings, pharmacological inhibition of NE in WT mice through oral administration of NE inhibitor GW311616A also significantly reduced atherosclerosis. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that NE promotes foam cell formation by increasing ATP‐binding cassette transporter ABCA1 protein degradation and inhibiting macrophage cholesterol efflux. Conclusions We outlined a pathogenic role for NE in foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development. Consequently, inhibition of NE may represent a potential therapeutic approach to treating cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanmei Wen
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiwei An
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jiangyong Chen
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Eithne M Maguire
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qishan Chen
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Stuart W A Pearce
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Kyriakides
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu Ye
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Sussan Nourshargh
- Centre for Microvascular Research, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom .,Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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46
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Woudberg NJ, Pedretti S, Lecour S, Schulz R, Vuilleumier N, James RW, Frias MA. Pharmacological Intervention to Modulate HDL: What Do We Target? Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:989. [PMID: 29403378 PMCID: PMC5786575 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholesterol concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) have traditionally served as risk factors for cardiovascular disease. As such, novel therapeutic interventions aiming to raise HDL cholesterol have been tested in the clinical setting. However, most trials led to a significant increase in HDL cholesterol with no improvement in cardiovascular events. The complexity of the HDL particle, which exerts multiple physiological functions and is comprised of a number of subclasses, has raised the question as to whether there should be more focus on HDL subclass and function rather than cholesterol quantity. We review current data regarding HDL subclasses and subclass-specific functionality and highlight how current lipid modifying drugs such as statins, cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors, fibrates and niacin often increase cholesterol concentrations of specific HDL subclasses. In addition this review sets out arguments suggesting that the HDL3 subclass may provide better protective effects than HDL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Woudberg
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and South African Medical Research Council Inter-University Cape Heart Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sarah Pedretti
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and South African Medical Research Council Inter-University Cape Heart Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and South African Medical Research Council Inter-University Cape Heart Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Vuilleumier
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Richard W. James
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Miguel A. Frias
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine Specialities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Genetics and Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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47
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Rinne P, Kadiri JJ, Velasco-Delgado M, Nuutinen S, Viitala M, Hollmén M, Rami M, Savontaus E, Steffens S. Melanocortin 1 Receptor Deficiency Promotes Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E -/- Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 38:313-323. [PMID: 29284608 PMCID: PMC5779319 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The MC1-R (melanocortin 1 receptor) is expressed by monocytes and macrophages where it mediates anti-inflammatory actions. MC1-R also protects against macrophage foam cell formation primarily by promoting cholesterol efflux through the ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily A member 1) and ABCG1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily G member 1). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether global deficiency in MC1-R signaling affects the development of atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Apoe-/- (apolipoprotein E deficient) mice were crossed with recessive yellow (Mc1re/e) mice carrying dysfunctional MC1-R and fed a high-fat diet to induce atherosclerosis. Apoe-/- Mc1re/e mice developed significantly larger atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic sinus and in the whole aorta compared with Apoe-/- controls. In terms of plaque composition, MC1-R deficiency was associated with less collagen and smooth muscle cells and increased necrotic core, indicative of more vulnerable lesions. These changes were accompanied by reduced Abca1 and Abcg1 expression in the aorta. Furthermore, Apoe-/- Mc1re/e mice showed a defect in bile acid metabolism that aggravated high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and hepatic lipid accumulation. Flow cytometric analysis of leukocyte profile revealed that dysfunctional MC1-R enhanced arterial accumulation of classical Ly6Chigh monocytes and macrophages, effects that were evident in mice fed a normal chow diet but not under high-fat diet conditions. In support of enhanced arterial recruitment of Ly6Chigh monocytes, these cells had increased expression of L-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights the importance of MC1-R in the development of atherosclerosis. Deficiency in MC1-R signaling exacerbates atherosclerosis by disturbing cholesterol handling and by increasing arterial monocyte accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petteri Rinne
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.).
| | - James J Kadiri
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Mauricio Velasco-Delgado
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Salla Nuutinen
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Miro Viitala
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Maija Hollmén
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Martina Rami
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Eriika Savontaus
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.)
| | - Sabine Steffens
- From the Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, Finland (P.R., J.J.K., M.V.-D., S.N., E.S.); Medicity Research Laboratory Turku, University of Turku, Finland (M.V., M.H.); Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Turku University Hospital, Finland (E.S.); Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU), Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., S.S.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (S.S.)
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Critical Role of the Human ATP-Binding Cassette G1 Transporter in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091892. [PMID: 28869506 PMCID: PMC5618541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette G1 (ABCG1) is a member of the large family of ABC transporters which are involved in the active transport of many amphiphilic and lipophilic molecules including lipids, drugs or endogenous metabolites. It is now well established that ABCG1 promotes the export of lipids, including cholesterol, phospholipids, sphingomyelin and oxysterols, and plays a key role in the maintenance of tissue lipid homeostasis. Although ABCG1 was initially proposed to mediate cholesterol efflux from macrophages and then to protect against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), it becomes now clear that ABCG1 exerts a larger spectrum of actions which are of major importance in cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). Beyond a role in cellular lipid homeostasis, ABCG1 equally participates to glucose and lipid metabolism by controlling the secretion and activity of insulin and lipoprotein lipase. Moreover, there is now a growing body of evidence suggesting that modulation of ABCG1 expression might contribute to the development of diabetes and obesity, which are major risk factors of CVD. In order to provide the current understanding of the action of ABCG1 in CMD, we here reviewed major findings obtained from studies in mice together with data from the genetic and epigenetic analysis of ABCG1 in the context of CMD.
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49
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Rinne P, Rami M, Nuutinen S, Santovito D, van der Vorst EPC, Guillamat-Prats R, Lyytikäinen LP, Raitoharju E, Oksala N, Ring L, Cai M, Hruby VJ, Lehtimäki T, Weber C, Steffens S. Melanocortin 1 Receptor Signaling Regulates Cholesterol Transport in Macrophages. Circulation 2017; 136:83-97. [PMID: 28450348 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.116.025889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1-R) is expressed by monocytes and macrophages, where it exerts anti-inflammatory actions on stimulation with its natural ligand α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. The present study was designed to investigate the specific role of MC1-R in the context of atherosclerosis and possible regulatory pathways of MC1-R beyond anti-inflammation. METHODS Human and mouse atherosclerotic samples and primary mouse macrophages were used to study the regulatory functions of MC1-R. The impact of pharmacological MC1-R activation on atherosclerosis was assessed in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. RESULTS Characterization of human and mouse atherosclerotic plaques revealed that MC1-R expression localizes in lesional macrophages and is significantly associated with the ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1, which are responsible for initiating reverse cholesterol transport. Using bone marrow-derived macrophages, we observed that α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and selective MC1-R agonists similarly promoted cholesterol efflux, which is a counterregulatory mechanism against foam cell formation. Mechanistically, MC1-R activation upregulated the levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1. These effects were accompanied by a reduction in cell surface CD36 expression and in cholesterol uptake, further protecting macrophages from excessive lipid accumulation. Conversely, macrophages deficient in functional MC1-R displayed a phenotype with impaired efflux and enhanced uptake of cholesterol. Pharmacological targeting of MC1-R in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E-deficient mice reduced plasma cholesterol levels and aortic CD36 expression and increased plaque ABCG1 expression and signs of plaque stability. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify a novel role for MC1-R in macrophage cholesterol transport. Activation of MC1-R confers protection against macrophage foam cell formation through a dual mechanism: It prevents cholesterol uptake while concomitantly promoting ABCA1- and ABCG1-mediated reverse cholesterol transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petteri Rinne
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.).
| | - Martina Rami
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Salla Nuutinen
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Donato Santovito
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Emiel P C van der Vorst
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Raquel Guillamat-Prats
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Emma Raitoharju
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Niku Oksala
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Larisa Ring
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Minying Cai
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Victor J Hruby
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Christian Weber
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
| | - Sabine Steffens
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany (P.R., M.R., D.S., E.P.C.v.d.V., R.Q.-P., L.R., C.W., S.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland (P.R., S.N.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere (L.-P.L., E.R., N.O., T.L.); Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.O.); Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson (M.C., V.J.H.); and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (C.W., S.S.)
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de Aguiar Vallim TQ, Lee E, Merriott DJ, Goulbourne CN, Cheng J, Cheng A, Gonen A, Allen RM, Palladino END, Ford DA, Wang T, Baldán Á, Tarling EJ. ABCG1 regulates pulmonary surfactant metabolism in mice and men. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:941-954. [PMID: 28264879 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m075101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease characterized by accumulation of surfactant. Surfactant synthesis and secretion are restricted to epithelial type 2 (T2) pneumocytes (also called T2 cells). Clearance of surfactant is dependent upon T2 cells and macrophages. ABCG1 is highly expressed in both T2 cells and macrophages. ABCG1-deficient mice accumulate surfactant, lamellar body-loaded T2 cells, lipid-loaded macrophages, B-1 lymphocytes, and immunoglobulins, clearly demonstrating that ABCG1 has a critical role in pulmonary homeostasis. We identify a variant in the ABCG1 promoter in patients with PAP that results in impaired activation of ABCG1 by the liver X receptor α, suggesting that ABCG1 basal expression and/or induction in response to sterol/lipid loading is essential for normal lung function. We generated mice lacking ABCG1 specifically in either T2 cells or macrophages to determine the relative contribution of these cell types on surfactant lipid homeostasis. These results establish a critical role for T2 cell ABCG1 in controlling surfactant and overall lipid homeostasis in the lung and in the pathogenesis of human lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Q de Aguiar Vallim
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Johnson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Elinor Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - David J Merriott
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | | | - Joan Cheng
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Angela Cheng
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ayelet Gonen
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ryan M Allen
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Elisa N D Palladino
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - David A Ford
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104.,Center for Cardiovascular Research, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Tisha Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Ángel Baldán
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104
| | - Elizabeth J Tarling
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 .,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Johnson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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