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Chen F, Dong X, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Shi Y. The brain-heart axis: Integrative analysis of the shared genetic etiology between neuropsychiatric disorders and cardiovascular disease. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:147-156. [PMID: 38518856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple observational studies have reported substantial comorbidity between neuropsychiatric disorders and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. METHODS Using GWAS summary datasets of 8 neuropsychiatric disorders and 6 cardiovascular diseases, an integrative analysis incorporating linkage-disequilibrium-score-regression (LDSC), Mendelian randomization (MR), functional mapping and annotation (FUMA), and functional enrichment analysis, was conducted to investigate shared genetic etiology of the brain-heart axis from the whole genome level, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level, gene level, and biological pathway level. RESULTS In LDSC analysis, 18 pairwise traits between neuropsychiatric disorders and CVD were identified with significant genetic overlaps, revealing extensive genome-wide genetic correlations. In bidirectional MR analysis, 19 pairwise traits were identified with significant causal relationships. Genetic liabilities to neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and major depressive disorder, conferred extensive significant causal effects on the risk of CVD, while hypertension seemed to be a risk factor for multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, with no significant heterogeneity or pleiotropy. In FUMA analysis, 13 shared independent significant SNPs and 887 overlapping protein-coding genes were detected between neuropsychiatric disorders and CVD. With GO and KEEG functional enrichment analysis, biological pathways of the brain-heart axis were highly concentrated in neurotransmitter synaptic transmission, lipid metabolism, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, glutathione metabolism, and MAPK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Extensive genetic correlations and genetic overlaps between neuropsychiatric disorders and CVD were identified in this study, which might provide some new insights into the brain-heart axis and the therapeutic targets in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, China.
| | - Xinyu Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
| | - Zhiwei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China.
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, China.
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Rare Diseases in Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, China.
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Yao Z, Jia X, Chen Z, Zhang T, Li X, Zhang L, Chen F, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Chen Z. Dietary patterns, metabolomics and frailty in a large cohort of 120 000 participants. Food Funct 2024; 15:3174-3185. [PMID: 38441259 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03575a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the associations of dietary patterns with frailty and whether metabolic signatures (MSs) mediate these associations. Methods: We used UK Biobank data to examine (1) the associations of four dietary patterns (i.e., alternate Mediterranean diet [aMED], Recommended Food Score [RFS], Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension [DASH] and Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay [MIND] diet) with frailty (measured by the frailty phenotype and the frailty index) using multivariable logistic regression (analytic sample 1: N = 124 261; mean age = 57.7 years), and (2) the mediating role of MSs (weighted sums of the metabolites selected from 168 plasma metabolites using the LASSO algorithm) in the above associations via mediation analysis (analytic sample 2: N = 26 270; mean age = 57.7 years). Results: Four dietary patterns were independently associated with frailty (all P < 0.001). For instance, compared to participants in the lowest tertile for RFS, those in the intermediate (odds ratio [OR]: 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74, 0.89) and highest (OR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.68) tertiles had a lower risk of frailty. We found that 98, 68, 123 and 75 metabolites were associated with aMED, RFS, DASH and MIND, respectively, including 16 common metabolites (e.g., fatty acids, lipoproteins, acetate and glycoprotein acetyls). The MSs based on these metabolites partially mediated the association of the four dietary patterns with frailty, with the mediation proportion ranging from 26.52% to 45.83%. The results were robust when using another frailty measure, the frailty index. Conclusions: The four dietary patterns were associated with frailty, and these associations were partially mediated by MSs. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns may potentially reduce frailty development by modulating metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueqing Jia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhuoneng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianfang Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Liming Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fenfen Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zuyun Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zuobing Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, China
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3
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Nebert DW. Gene-Environment Interactions: My Unique Journey. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 64:1-26. [PMID: 37788491 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-022323-082311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
I am deeply honored to be invited to write this scientific autobiography. As a physician-scientist, pediatrician, molecular biologist, and geneticist, I have authored/coauthored more than 600 publications in the fields of clinical medicine, biochemistry, biophysics, pharmacology, drug metabolism, toxicology, molecular biology, cancer, standardized gene nomenclature, developmental toxicology and teratogenesis, mouse genetics, human genetics, and evolutionary genomics. Looking back, I think my career can be divided into four distinct research areas, which I summarize mostly chronologically in this article: (a) discovery and characterization of the AHR/CYP1 axis, (b) pharmacogenomics and genetic prediction of response to drugs and other environmental toxicants, (c) standardized drug-metabolizing gene nomenclature based on evolutionary divergence, and (d) discovery and characterization of the SLC39A8 gene encoding the ZIP8 metal cation influx transporter. Collectively, all four topics embrace gene-environment interactions, hence the title of my autobiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Nebert
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Molecular Developmental Biology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA;
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Patel A, Ye T, Xue H, Lin Z, Xu S, Woolf B, Mason AM, Burgess S. MendelianRandomization v0.9.0: updates to an R package for performing Mendelian randomization analyses using summarized data. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 8:449. [PMID: 37915953 PMCID: PMC10616660 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.19995.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The MendelianRandomization package is a software package written for the R software environment that implements methods for Mendelian randomization based on summarized data. In this manuscript, we describe functions that have been added or edited in the package since version 0.5.0, when we last described the package and its contents. The main additions to the package since that time are: 1) new robust methods for performing Mendelian randomization, particularly in the cases of bias from weak instruments and/or winner's curse, and pleiotropic variants, 2) methods for performing Mendelian randomization with correlated variants using dimension reduction to summarize large numbers of highly correlated variants into a limited set of principal components, 3) functions for calculating first-stage F statistics, representing instrument strength, in both univariable and multivariable contexts, and with uncorrelated and correlated genetic variants. We also discuss some pragmatic issues relating to the use of correlated variants in Mendelian randomization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Patel
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Ting Ye
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Haoran Xue
- Department of Biostatistics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zhaotong Lin
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Siqi Xu
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Benjamin Woolf
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB2 0SR, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK
- School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK
| | - Amy M. Mason
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK
- Victor Phillip Dahdaleh Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, CB2 0SR, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England, UK
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5
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Zhao F, Chen Y, Xie Y, Kong S, Song L, Li H, Guo C, Yin Y, Zhang W, Zhu T. Identification of Zip8-correlated hub genes in pulmonary hypertension by informatic analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15939. [PMID: 37663293 PMCID: PMC10470448 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a syndrome characterized by marked remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature and increased pulmonary vascular resistance, ultimately leading to right heart failure and even death. The localization of Zrt/Irt-like Protein 8 (ZIP8, a metal ion transporter, encoded by SLC39A8) was abundantly in microvasculature endothelium and its pivotal role in the lung has been demonstrated. However, the role of Zip8 in PH remains unclear. Methods Bioinformatics analysis was employed to identify SLC39A8 expression patterns and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PH patients and normal controls (NC), based on four datasets (GSE24988, GSE113439, GSE117261, and GSE15197) from the Biotechnology Gene Expression Omnibus (NCBI GEO) database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to analyze signaling pathways enriched for DEGs. Hub genes were identified by cytoHubba analysis in Cytoscape. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to validate SLC39A8 and its correlated metabolic DEGs expression in PH (SU5416/Hypoxia) mice. Results SLC39A8 expression was downregulated in PH patients, and this expression pattern was validated in PH (SU5416/Hypoxia) mouse lung tissue. SLC39A8-correlated genes were mainly enriched in the metabolic pathways. Within these SLC39A8-correlated genes, 202 SLC39A8-correlated metabolic genes were screened out, and seven genes were identified as SLC39A8-correlated metabolic hub genes. The expression patterns of hub genes were analyzed between PH patients and controls and further validated in PH mice. Finally, four genes (Fasn, Nsdhl, Acat2, and Acly) were downregulated in PH mice. However, there were no significant differences in the expression of the other three hub genes between PH mice and controls. Of the four genes, Fasn and Acly are key enzymes in fatty acids synthesis, Nsdhl is involved in cholesterol synthesis, and Acat2 is implicated in cholesterol metabolic transformation. Taken together, these results provide novel insight into the role of Zip8 in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- FanRong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yujing Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yuliang Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuang Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - LiaoFan Song
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hanfei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chao Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanyan Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Weifang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Departments of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Tiantian Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
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Wang X, Ryu J, Kim J, Ramirez A, Mayo KR, Condon H, Vaitinadin NS, Ohno-Machado L, Talavera GA, Ellinor PT, Lubitz SA, Choi SH. Common and rare variants associated with cardiometabolic traits across 98,622 whole-genome sequences in the All of Us research program. J Hum Genet 2023; 68:565-570. [PMID: 37072623 PMCID: PMC10524735 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-023-01147-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
All of Us is a biorepository aiming to advance biomedical research by providing various types of data in diverse human populations. Here we present a demonstration project validating the program's genomic data in 98,622 participants. We sought to replicate known genetic associations for three diseases (atrial fibrillation [AF], coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes [T2D]) and two quantitative traits (height and low-density lipoprotein [LDL]) by conducting common and rare variant analyses. We identified one known risk locus for AF, five loci for T2D, 143 loci for height, and nine loci for LDL. In gene-based burden tests for rare loss-of-function variants, we replicated associations between TTN and AF, GIGYF1 and T2D, ADAMTS17, ACAN, NPR2 and height, APOB, LDLR, PCSK9 and LDL. Our results are consistent with previous literature, indicating that the All of Us program is a reliable resource for advancing the understanding of complex diseases in diverse human populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Justine Ryu
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Ramirez
- All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kelsey R Mayo
- Vanderbilt Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Henry Condon
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Lucila Ohno-Machado
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego Health System, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Section of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Greg A Talavera
- Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Lubitz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Demoulas Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Seung Hoan Choi
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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Jiang J, Chen X, Li C, Du X, Zhou H. Polymorphisms of TRIB1 Genes for Coronary Artery Disease and Stroke Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Gene 2023:147613. [PMID: 37414350 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In recent years, the results of the association between Tribbles Pseudokinase 1 (TRIB1) gene polymorphism and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke are inconsistent. This study aimed to systematically review the literature on TRIB1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) and stroke. METHODS This study collected studies published until May 2022 through a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. After a systematic literature search, pooled odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to assess the strength of the association. RESULTS We identified 6 studies on rs17321515, including 12892 controls and 4583 patients, and 3 on rs2954029, including 1732 controls and 1305 patients. In different genetic models, the rs2954029 genetic polymorphism significantly increased the risk of CAD and stroke. In the codominant model, the AA genotype increased the risk of CAD and stroke (OR=1.74, 95% CI=1.39-2.17, P<0.001); the TA genotype also increased the prevalence of CAD and stroke risk (OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.18-1.64, P<0.001). Compared with the control group, the TT+TA genotype increased the risk of CAD and stroke in the dominant genetic model (OR=1.46, 95%CI=1.25-1.71, P<0.001), and in the recessive model, the TA+AA genotype increased the risk of CAD and stroke (OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.15-1.72, P<0.001). In addition, the TRIB1 rs17321515 polymorphism was not found to be associated with the risk of CAD and stroke, which may be related to other factors such as race. CONCLUSIONS The rs2954029 A allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of CAD and stroke, according to the present meta-analysis. However, the association of rs17321515 polymorphism with susceptibility to CAD and stroke has not been found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Jinhua Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University.
| | - Xinmin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Jinhua Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jinhua Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Xiaoma Du
- Department of Cardiology, Jinhua Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Huadong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Jinhua Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
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Lam S, Lui DTW, Shiu SWM, Wong Y, Tan KCB. Effect of type 2 diabetes on the inducible degrader of LDL receptor. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100380. [PMID: 37094639 PMCID: PMC10230263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The inducible degrader of LDL receptor (IDOL) acts as a post-transcriptional degrader of the LDL receptor (LDLR). IDOL is functionally active in the liver and in peripheral tissues. We have evaluated IDOL expression in circulating monocytes in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes and determined whether changes in IDOL expression could affect macrophage function like cytokine production in vitro. One hundred forty individuals with type 2 diabetes and 110 healthy control subjects were recruited. Cellular expression of IDOL and LDLR in peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes was measured by flow cytometry. The expression of intracellular IDOL was lower in individuals with diabetes than control (21.3 ± 4.6 mean fluorescence intensity × 1,000 vs. 23.8 ± 6.2, P < 0.01), and this was accompanied by an increase in cell surface LDLR (5.2 ± 3.0 mean fluorescence intensity × 1,000 vs. 4.3 ± 1.5, P < 0.01), LDL binding, and intracellular lipid (P < 0.01). IDOL expression correlated with HbA1c (r = -0.38, P < 0.01) and serum fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) (r = -0.34, P < 0.01). Multivariable regression analysis, including age, sex, BMI, smoking, HbA1c, and log(FGF21), showed that HbA1c and FGF21 were significant independent determinants of IDOL expression. IDOL knockdown human monocyte-derived macrophages produced higher concentrations of interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 6, and TNFα than control macrophages upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (all P < 0.01). In conclusion, the expression of IDOL in CD14+ monocytes was decreased in type 2 diabetes and was associated with glycemia and serum FGF21 concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sum Lam
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - David Tak Wai Lui
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Ying Wong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Takenaka A, Suzuki J, Tanaka H, Hibino K, Kamanaka Y, Nakamura S, Mitsunaga F, Kawamoto Y, Morimoto M, Aisu S, Natsume T. Hypercholesterolemia induced by spontaneous oligogenic mutations in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). J Med Primatol 2023. [PMID: 37186395 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A rhesus macaque with the fourth highest plasma cholesterol (CH) levels of 501 breeding macaques was identified 22 years ago. Seven offspring with gene mutations causing hypercholesterolemia were obtained. METHODS Activity of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), plasma CH levels and mRNA expression levels of LDLR were measured after administration of 0.1% (0.27 mg/kcal) or 0.3% CH. RESULTS Activity of p. (Cys82Tyr) of LDLR was 71% and 42% in the heterozygotes and a homozygote, respectively. The mRNA expression level of LDLR in the p. (Val241Ile) of membrane-bound transcription factor protease, site 2 (MBTPS2, S2P protein) was 0.83 times lower than normal levels. LDLR mRNA levels were increased for up to 4 weeks by administration of 0.3% CH before suddenly decreasing to 80% of the baseline levels after 6 weeks. CONCLUSION Oligogenic mutations of p. (Cys82Tyr) in LDLR and p. (Val241Ile) in MBTPS2 (S2P) caused hypercholesterolemia exceeding cardiovascular risk levels under a 0.1% CH diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Takenaka
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Human Life, Nagoya Bunri University, Inazawa, Japan
| | - Juri Suzuki
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Kumiko Hibino
- Department Food and Nutrition, College of Nagoya Bunri University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Kamanaka
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Shin Nakamura
- NPO Primate Agora, Biomedical Institute, Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Yoshi Kawamoto
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Mayumi Morimoto
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Seitaro Aisu
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Natsume
- Center for Human Evolution Modeling Research, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
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Lin Z, Xue H, Pan W. Robust multivariable Mendelian randomization based on constrained maximum likelihood. Am J Hum Genet 2023; 110:592-605. [PMID: 36948188 PMCID: PMC10119150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mendelian randomization (MR) is a powerful tool for causal inference with observational genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data. Compared to the more commonly used univariable MR (UVMR), multivariable MR (MVMR) not only is more robust to the notorious problem of genetic (horizontal) pleiotropy but also estimates the direct effect of each exposure on the outcome after accounting for possible mediating effects of other exposures. Despite promising applications, there is a lack of studies on MVMR's theoretical properties and robustness in applications. In this work, we propose an efficient and robust MVMR method based on constrained maximum likelihood (cML), called MVMR-cML, with strong theoretical support. Extensive simulations demonstrate that MVMR-cML performs better than other existing MVMR methods while possessing the above two advantages over its univariable counterpart. An application to several large-scale GWAS summary datasets to infer causal relationships between eight cardiometabolic risk factors and coronary artery disease (CAD) highlights the usefulness and some advantages of the proposed method. For example, after accounting for possible pleiotropic and mediating effects, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) had direct effects on CAD; in contrast, the effects of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and body height diminished after accounting for other risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaotong Lin
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Haoran Xue
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wei Pan
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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11
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Vourdoumpa A, Paltoglou G, Charmandari E. The Genetic Basis of Childhood Obesity: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:1416. [PMID: 36986146 PMCID: PMC10058966 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence represents one of the most challenging public health problems of our century owing to its epidemic proportions and the associated significant morbidity, mortality, and increase in public health costs. The pathogenesis of polygenic obesity is multifactorial and is due to the interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. More than 1100 independent genetic loci associated with obesity traits have been currently identified, and there is great interest in the decoding of their biological functions and the gene-environment interaction. The present study aimed to systematically review the scientific evidence and to explore the relation of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variants (CNVs) with changes in body mass index (BMI) and other measures of body composition in children and adolescents with obesity, as well as their response to lifestyle interventions. Twenty-seven studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, which consisted of 7928 overweight/obese children and adolescents at different stages of pubertal development who underwent multidisciplinary management. The effect of polymorphisms in 92 different genes was assessed and revealed SNPs in 24 genetic loci significantly associated with BMI and/or body composition change, which contribute to the complex metabolic imbalance of obesity, including the regulation of appetite and energy balance, the homeostasis of glucose, lipid, and adipose tissue, as well as their interactions. The decoding of the genetic and molecular/cellular pathophysiology of obesity and the gene-environment interactions, alongside with the individual genotype, will enable us to design targeted and personalized preventive and management interventions for obesity early in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Vourdoumpa
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - George Paltoglou
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Charmandari
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Chekanova V, Abolhassani N, Vaucher J, Marques-Vidal P. Association of clinical and genetic risk factors with management of dyslipidaemia: analysis of repeated cross-sectional studies in the general population of Lausanne, Switzerland. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e065409. [PMID: 36810165 PMCID: PMC9945309 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the importance of clinical and genetic factors in management of dyslipidaemia in the general population. DESIGN Repeated cross-sectional studies (2003-2006; 2009-2012 and 2014-2017) from a population-based cohort. SETTING Single centre in Lausanne, Switzerland. PARTICIPANTS 617 (42.6% women, mean±SD: 61.6±8.5 years), 844 (48.5% women, 64.5±8.8 years) and 798 (50.3% women, 68.1±9.2) participants of the baseline, first and second follow-ups receiving any type of lipid-lowering drug. Participants were excluded if they had missing information regarding lipid levels, covariates or genetic data. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Management of dyslipidaemia was assessed according to European or Swiss guidelines. Genetic risk scores (GRSs) for lipid levels were computed based on the existing literature. RESULTS Prevalence of adequately controlled dyslipidaemia was 52%, 45% and 46% at baseline, first and second follow-ups, respectively. On multivariable analysis, when compared with intermediate or low-risk individuals, participants at very high cardiovascular risk had an OR for dyslipidaemia control of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.06 to 0.18), 0.12 (0.08 to 0.19) and 0.38 (0.25 to 0.59) at baseline, first and second follow-ups, respectively. Use of newer generation or higher potency statins was associated with better control: OR of 1.90 (1.18 to 3.05) and 3.62 (1.65 to 7.92) for second and third generations compared with first in the first follow-up, with the corresponding values in the second follow-up being 1.90 (1.08 to 3.36) and 2.18 (1.05 to 4.51). No differences in GRSs were found between controlled and inadequately controlled subjects. Similar findings were obtained using Swiss guidelines. CONCLUSION Management of dyslipidaemia is suboptimal in Switzerland. The effectiveness of high potency statins is hampered by low posology. The use of GRSs in the management of dyslipidaemia is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriya Chekanova
- National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nazanin Abolhassani
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Primary Health Care, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Vaucher
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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13
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Gkatzionis A, Burgess S, Newcombe PJ. Statistical methods for cis-Mendelian randomization with two-sample summary-level data. Genet Epidemiol 2023; 47:3-25. [PMID: 36273411 PMCID: PMC7614127 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.22506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Mendelian randomization (MR) is the use of genetic variants to assess the existence of a causal relationship between a risk factor and an outcome of interest. Here, we focus on two-sample summary-data MR analyses with many correlated variants from a single gene region, particularly on cis-MR studies which use protein expression as a risk factor. Such studies must rely on a small, curated set of variants from the studied region; using all variants in the region requires inverting an ill-conditioned genetic correlation matrix and results in numerically unstable causal effect estimates. We review methods for variable selection and estimation in cis-MR with summary-level data, ranging from stepwise pruning and conditional analysis to principal components analysis, factor analysis, and Bayesian variable selection. In a simulation study, we show that the various methods have comparable performance in analyses with large sample sizes and strong genetic instruments. However, when weak instrument bias is suspected, factor analysis and Bayesian variable selection produce more reliable inferences than simple pruning approaches, which are often used in practice. We conclude by examining two case studies, assessing the effects of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and serum testosterone on coronary heart disease risk using variants in the HMGCR and SHBG gene regions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Gkatzionis
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul J. Newcombe
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Effect of TRIB1 Variant on Lipid Profile and Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:4444708. [PMID: 36714195 PMCID: PMC9842430 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4444708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence indicates tribbles homolog 1 (Trib1) protein may be involved in lipid metabolism regulation and coronary artery disease (CAD) pathogenesis. However, whether TRIB1 gene variants affect lipid levels and CAD remains elusive, this study is aimed at clarifying the effect of TRIB1 variants on lipid profile and CAD. Methods By searching PubMed and Cochrane databases for studies published before December 18, 2022, a total of 108,831 individuals were included for the analysis. Results The outcomes of the analysis on all individuals showed that the A allele carriers of rs17321515 and rs2954029 variants had higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) levels than the noncarriers. Consistently, a higher CAD risk was observed in the A allele carriers. Subgroup analysis indicated that increased LDL-C, TC, and CAD risk were observed in Asian population. Conclusions Variants of TRIB1 (i.e., rs17321515 and rs2954029) may serve as causal genetic markers for dyslipidemia and CAD in Asian population.
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Wuni R, Ventura EF, Curi-Quinto K, Murray C, Nunes R, Lovegrove JA, Penny M, Favara M, Sanchez A, Vimaleswaran KS. Interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes in Latin American and Caribbean populations: A systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1067033. [PMID: 36776603 PMCID: PMC9909204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1067033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases has increased in Latin American and the Caribbean populations (LACP). To identify gene-lifestyle interactions that modify the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in LACP, a systematic search using 11 search engines was conducted up to May 2022. Methods Eligible studies were observational and interventional studies in either English, Spanish, or Portuguese. A total of 26,171 publications were screened for title and abstract; of these, 101 potential studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 74 articles were included in this study following full-text screening and risk of bias assessment. The Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool were used to assess the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies. Results We identified 122 significant interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic traits and the vast majority of studies come from Brazil (29), Mexico (15) and Costa Rica (12) with FTO, APOE, and TCF7L2 being the most studied genes. The results of the gene-lifestyle interactions suggest effects which are population-, gender-, and ethnic-specific. Most of the gene-lifestyle interactions were conducted once, necessitating replication to reinforce these results. Discussion The findings of this review indicate that 27 out of 33 LACP have not conducted gene-lifestyle interaction studies and only five studies have been undertaken in low-socioeconomic settings. Most of the studies were cross-sectional, indicating a need for longitudinal/prospective studies. Future gene-lifestyle interaction studies will need to replicate primary research of already studied genetic variants to enable comparison, and to explore the interactions between genetic and other lifestyle factors such as those conditioned by socioeconomic factors and the built environment. The protocol has been registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42022308488. Systematic review registration https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier CRD420223 08488.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Eduard F Ventura
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Claudia Murray
- Department of Real Estate and Planning, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Nunes
- Department of Real Estate and Planning, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Penny
- Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru
| | - Marta Favara
- Oxford Department of International Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Sanchez
- Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE), Lima, Peru
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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16
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Liu S, Li Y, Wei X, Adi D, Wang YT, Han M, Liu F, Chen BD, Li XM, Yang YN, Fu ZY, Ma YT. Genetic analysis of DNA methylation in dyslipidemia: a case-control study. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14590. [PMID: 36570009 PMCID: PMC9774006 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease has become the leading cause of death in developed countries, and dyslipidemia is closely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidemia is caused by the abnormal regulation of several genes and signaling pathways, and dyslipidemia is influenced mainly by genetic variation. AMFR, FBXW7, INSIG1, INSIG2, and MBTPS1 genes are associated with lipid metabolism. In a recent GWAS study, the GRINA gene has been reported to be associated with dyslipidemia, but its molecular mechanism has not been thoroughly investigated. The correlation between the DNA methylation of these genes and lipid metabolism has not been studied. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the DNA methylation of these genes and the risk of dyslipidemia by comparing the methylation levels of dyslipidemia and control samples. Methods A case-control research method was used in this study. The patient's blood samples were collected at the Heart Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. In the Xinjiang Han population, 100 cases of hyperlipidemia and 80 cases of the control group were selected. The two groups were age and gender-matched. Quantitative methylation analysis of CpG sites in the gene promoter regions of six genes was performed by Solexa high-throughput sequencing. Results The DNA methylation levels of 23 CpG sites in six genes were shown to be associated with hyperlipidemia, and a total of 20 DNA methylation haplotypes showed statistically significant differences between the two groups. When compared with the control group, the dyslipidemia group had significantly higher levels of methylation in the GRINA gene (2.68 vs 2.36, P = 0.04). Additionally, we also discovered a significant methylation haplotype of GRINA (P = 0.017). Conclusion The findings of this study reveal that the DNA methylation of GRINA increases the risk for dyslipidemia in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Yang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xian Wei
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Dilare Adi
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Yong-Tao Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Min Han
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Fen Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Bang-Dang Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Ning Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhen-Yan Fu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, China
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ArulJothi K, Kumaran K, Abirami S, Rangasamy K, Devi A. Exploring the LDL-cholesterol raising SNPs gene scores for improved screening of polygenic familial hypercholesterolemia in Indian population: Pilot study. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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18
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The schizophrenia-associated missense variant rs13107325 regulates dendritic spine density. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:361. [PMID: 36056013 PMCID: PMC9440106 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The missense variant rs13107325 (C/T, p.Ala391Thr) in SLC39A8 consistently showed robust association with schizophrenia in recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs), suggesting the potential pathogenicity of this non-synonymous risk variant. Nevertheless, how this missense variant confers schizophrenia risk remains unknown. Here we constructed a knock-in mouse model (by introducing a threonine at the 393th amino acid of mouse SLC39A8 (SLC39A8-p.393T), which corresponds to rs13107325 (p.Ala391Thr) of human SLC39A8) to explore the potential roles and biological effects of this missense variant in schizophrenia pathogenesis. We assessed multiple phenotypes and traits (associated with rs13107325) of the knock-in mice, including body and brain weight, concentrations of metal ions (including cadmium, zinc, manganese, and iron) transported by SLC39A8, blood lipids, proliferation and migration of neural stem cells (NSCs), cortical development, behaviors and cognition, transcriptome, dendritic spine density, and synaptic transmission. Many of the tested phenotypes did not show differences in SLC39A8-p.393T knock-in and wild-type mice. However, we found that zinc concentration in brain and blood of SLC39A8-p.393T knock-in mice was dysregulated compared with wild-types, validating the functionality of rs13107325. Further analysis indicated that cortical dendritic spine density of the SLC39A8-p.393T knock-in mice was significantly decreased compared with wild-types, indicating the important role of SLC39A8-p.393T in dendritic spine morphogenesis. These results indicated that SLC39A8-p.393T knock-in resulted in decreased dendritic spine density, thus mimicking the dendritic spine pathology observed in schizophrenia. Our study indicates that rs13107325 might confer schizophrenia risk by regulating zinc concentration and dendritic spine density, a featured characteristic that was frequently reported to be decreased in schizophrenia.
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Abstract
Mild to moderate hypertriglyceridemia usually results from multiple small-effect variants in genes that control triglyceride metabolism. Hypertriglyceridemia is a critical component of the metabolic syndrome but can also occur secondary to several other conditions or drugs. Hypertriglyceridemia frequently is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Statins are the mainstay of CVD prevention in hypertriglyceridemia, but eicosapentaenoic ethyl esters should be added in very-high-risk individuals. Although fibrates lower triglyceride levels, their role in CVD prevention remains unclear. Familial partial lipodystrophy is another relatively rare cause, although its true incidence is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Chait
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 850 Republican, Box 358062, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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20
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Elalem EG, Jelani M, Khedr A, Ahmad A, Alaama TY, Alaama MN, Al-Kreathy HM, Damanhouri ZA. Association of cytochromes P450 3A4*22 and 3A5*3 genotypes and polymorphism with response to simvastatin in hypercholesterolemia patients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0260824. [PMID: 35839255 PMCID: PMC9286239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Inter-individual variability in response to statin was mainly due to genetic differences. This study aimed to investigate the association of CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367), CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with response to simvastatin in hypercholesterolemia patients conducted at King Abdulaziz University hospital (KAUH) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Patients and methods A total of 274 participants were registered in the current study. Hypercholesterolemic patients taking simvastatin 20 mg (n = 148) and control subjects (n = 126) were tested for rs35599367 and rs776746 genotypes using Custom Taqman ® Assay Probes. Response to simvastatin in these patients was assessed by determination of low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and by measuring statin plasma levels using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Results None of the participants carried a homozygous CYP3A4*22 mutant genotype, while 12 (4.4%) individuals had a heterozygous genotype and 262 (95.6%) had a wild homozygous genotype. The CYP3A5*3 allele was detected in the homozygous mutant form in 16 (5.8%) individuals, while 74 (27.0%) individuals carried the heterozygous genotype and 184 (67.2%) carried the wildtype homozygous genotype. Of the patient group, 15 (11%) were classified as intermediate metabolizers (IMs) and 133 (89%) as extensive metabolizers (EMs). Plasma simvastatin concentrations for the combined CYP3A4/5 genotypes were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the IMs group than in the EMs group. TC and plasma LDL-C levels were also significantly (P<0.05) higher in IMs than in EMs. Conclusion The present study showed associations between CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) and CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) SNP combination genotypes with response to statins in hypercholesterolemia. Patients who had either a mutant homozygous allele for CYP3A5*3 or mutant homozygous and heterozygous alleles for CYP3A4*22 showed increased response to lower TC and LDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elbatool G. Elalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musharraf Jelani
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Khedr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Health Information Technology Department, Jeddah Community College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tareef Y. Alaama
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Nabeel Alaama
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda M. Al-Kreathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zoheir A. Damanhouri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
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Wuni R, Adela Nathania E, Ayyappa AK, Lakshmipriya N, Ramya K, Gayathri R, Geetha G, Anjana RM, Kuhnle GGC, Radha V, Mohan V, Sudha V, Vimaleswaran KS. Impact of Lipid Genetic Risk Score and Saturated Fatty Acid Intake on Central Obesity in an Asian Indian Population. Nutrients 2022; 14:2713. [PMID: 35807893 PMCID: PMC9269337 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in lipid metabolism have been linked to the development of obesity. We used a nutrigenetic approach to establish a link between lipids and obesity in Asian Indians, who are known to have a high prevalence of central obesity and dyslipidaemia. A sample of 497 Asian Indian individuals (260 with type 2 diabetes and 237 with normal glucose tolerance) (mean age: 44 ± 10 years) were randomly chosen from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study (CURES). Dietary intake was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire. A genetic risk score (GRS) was constructed based on cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) genetic variants. There was a significant interaction between GRS and saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake on waist circumference (WC) (Pinteraction = 0.006). Individuals with a low SFA intake (≤23.2 g/day), despite carrying ≥2 risk alleles, had a smaller WC compared to individuals carrying <2 risk alleles (Beta = −0.01 cm; p = 0.03). For those individuals carrying ≥2 risk alleles, a high SFA intake (>23.2 g/day) was significantly associated with a larger WC than a low SFA intake (≤23.2 g/day) (Beta = 0.02 cm, p = 0.02). There were no significant interactions between GRS and other dietary factors on any of the measured outcomes. We conclude that a diet low in SFA might help reduce the genetic risk of central obesity confirmed by CETP and LPL genetic variants. Conversely, a high SFA diet increases the genetic risk of central obesity in Asian Indians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
| | - Evelyn Adela Nathania
- Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, JI. Pulomas Barat Kav. 88, Jakarta Timur 13210, Indonesia;
| | - Ashok K. Ayyappa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Nagarajan Lakshmipriya
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Kandaswamy Ramya
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Rajagopal Gayathri
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Gunasekaran Geetha
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Gunter G. C. Kuhnle
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
| | - Venkatesan Radha
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, ICMR Centre for Advanced Research on Diabetes, Chennai 603103, India; (A.K.A.); (K.R.); (R.M.A.); (V.R.); (V.M.)
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
- Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, IDF Centre of Excellence in Diabetes Care, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India
| | - Vasudevan Sudha
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics Research, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai 600086, India; (N.L.); (R.G.); (G.G.); (V.S.)
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK; (R.W.); (G.G.C.K.)
- The Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
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22
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Vasishta S, Ganesh K, Umakanth S, Joshi MB. Ethnic disparities attributed to the manifestation in and response to type 2 diabetes: insights from metabolomics. Metabolomics 2022; 18:45. [PMID: 35763080 PMCID: PMC9239976 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated health disparities among different ethnicities have long been known. Ethnic variations also exist in T2D related comorbidities including insulin resistance, vascular complications and drug response. Genetic heterogeneity, dietary patterns, nutrient metabolism and gut microbiome composition attribute to ethnic disparities in both manifestation and progression of T2D. These factors differentially regulate the rate of metabolism and metabolic health. Metabolomics studies have indicated significant differences in carbohydrate, lipid and amino acid metabolism among ethnicities. Interestingly, genetic variations regulating lipid and amino acid metabolism might also contribute to inter-ethnic differences in T2D. Comprehensive and comparative metabolomics analysis between ethnicities might help to design personalized dietary regimen and newer therapeutic strategies. In the present review, we explore population based metabolomics data to identify inter-ethnic differences in metabolites and discuss how (a) genetic variations, (b) dietary patterns and (c) microbiome composition may attribute for such differences in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampara Vasishta
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104, Manipal, India
| | - Kailash Ganesh
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104, Manipal, India
| | | | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104, Manipal, India.
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal, 576104, Manipal, India.
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23
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Samuelson DR, Haq S, Knoell DL. Divalent Metal Uptake and the Role of ZIP8 in Host Defense Against Pathogens. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:924820. [PMID: 35832795 PMCID: PMC9273032 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.924820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn) are essential micronutrients whose concentration and location within cells are tightly regulated at the onset of infection. Two families of Zn transporters (ZIPs and ZnTs) are largely responsible for regulation of cytosolic Zn levels and to a certain extent, Mn levels, although much less is known regarding Mn. The capacity of pathogens to persevere also depends on access to micronutrients, yet a fundamental gap in knowledge remains regarding the importance of metal exchange at the host interface, often referred to as nutritional immunity. ZIP8, one of 14 ZIPs, is a pivotal importer of both Zn and Mn, yet much remains to be known. Dietary Zn deficiency is common and commonly occurring polymorphic variants of ZIP8 that decrease cellular metal uptake (Zn and Mn), are associated with increased susceptibility to infection. Strikingly, ZIP8 is the only Zn transporter that is highly induced following bacterial exposure in key immune cells involved with host defense against leading pathogens. We postulate that mobilization of Zn and Mn into key cells orchestrates the innate immune response through regulation of fundamental defense mechanisms that include phagocytosis, signal transduction, and production of soluble host defense factors including cytokines and chemokines. New evidence also suggests that host metal uptake may have long-term consequences by influencing the adaptive immune response. Given that activation of ZIP8 expression by pathogens has been shown to influence parenchymal, myeloid, and lymphoid cells, the impact applies to all mucosal surfaces and tissue compartments that are vulnerable to infection. We also predict that perturbations in metal homeostasis, either genetic- or dietary-induced, has the potential to impact bacterial communities in the host thereby adversely impacting microbiome composition. This review will focus on Zn and Mn transport via ZIP8, and how this vital metal transporter serves as a "go to" conductor of metal uptake that bolsters host defense against pathogens. We will also leverage past studies to underscore areas for future research to better understand the Zn-, Mn- and ZIP8-dependent host response to infection to foster new micronutrient-based intervention strategies to improve our ability to prevent or treat commonly occurring infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick R. Samuelson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sabah Haq
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Daren L. Knoell
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States,*Correspondence: Daren L. Knoell,
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24
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Chan MLY, Shiu SWM, Cheung CL, Yu-Hung Leung A, Tan KCB. Effects of statins on the inducible degrader of low-density lipoprotein receptor in familial hypercholesterolemia. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:EC-22-0019. [PMID: 35560019 PMCID: PMC9254294 DOI: 10.1530/ec-22-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The inducible degrader of low-density lipoprotein receptor (IDOL) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of LDL receptor (LDLR). Statins lower plasma LDL by activating transcription of hepatic LDLR expression, and we have determined whether statins modulate IDOL expression and influence LDLR protein abundance. IDOL expression in monocytes and serum IDOL level was determined in statin-treated familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients and compared with control subjects. Serum IDOL level was also evaluated in a group of untreated FH patients before and after the initiation of statin. The mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of statin on IDOL expression was investigated in vitro. In statin-treated FH patients, serum IDOL level and its expression in monocytes was reduced compared with control (P < 0.05). In contrast, untreated FH patients had higher serum levels of IDOL and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexintype 9 (PCSK9) than control (P < 0.05), and serum IDOL level decreased after statin therapy (P < 0.05) whereas an increase was observed in PCSK9 level (P < 0.01). In vitro, atorvastatin significantly decreased IDOL abundance in a dose-dependent manner in cultured macrophages and hepatocytes with a concomitant increase in LDLR expression. The transcription of IDOL was restored by adding either an LXR agonist T0901317 or oxysterol 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol, indicating that statin inhibited IDOL expression by reducing LXR activation. The LXR-IDOL-LDLR axis can be modulated by statins in vitro and in vivo. Statins inhibit IDOL expression by reducing LXR activation and upregulate LDLR, and statins exert the opposite effect on IDOL and PCSK9.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ching-Lung Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Correspondence should be addressed to K C-B Tan:
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25
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Chait A, Feingold KR. Approach to patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 37:101659. [PMID: 35459627 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2022.101659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Elevated triglyceride levels increase the risk of arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and severely elevated triglyceride levels also increase the risk of triglyceride-induced pancreatitis. Although substantially reducing triglyceride levels will prevent pancreatitis, whether lowering triglycerides per se will reduce CVD risk is unclear. In this review, we outline several principles that will help in deciding who and how to treat patients with elevated triglyceride levels in order to prevent both ASCVD and pancreatitis. Using these principles will help in making decisions regarding the treatment of elevated triglyceride levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Chait
- Department of Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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26
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Wang T, Qiao J, Zhang S, Wei Y, Zeng P. Simultaneous test and estimation of total genetic effect in eQTL integrative analysis through mixed models. Brief Bioinform 2022; 23:6535679. [PMID: 35212359 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbac038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Integration of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) into genome-wide association studies (GWASs) is a promising manner to reveal functional roles of associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in complex phenotypes and has become an active research field in post-GWAS era. However, how to efficiently incorporate eQTL mapping study into GWAS for prioritization of causal genes remains elusive. We herein proposed a novel method termed as Mixed transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) and mediated Variance estimation (MTV) by modeling the effects of cis-SNPs of a gene as a function of eQTL. MTV formulates the integrative method and TWAS within a unified framework via mixed models and therefore includes many prior methods/tests as special cases. We further justified MTV from another two statistical perspectives of mediation analysis and two-stage Mendelian randomization. Relative to existing methods, MTV is superior for pronounced features including the processing of direct effects of cis-SNPs on phenotypes, the powerful likelihood ratio test for assessment of joint effects of cis-SNPs and genetically regulated gene expression (GReX), two useful quantities to measure relative genetic contributions of GReX and cis-SNPs to phenotypic variance, and the computationally efferent parameter expansion expectation maximum algorithm. With extensive simulations, we identified that MTV correctly controlled the type I error in joint evaluation of the total genetic effect and proved more powerful to discover true association signals across various scenarios compared to existing methods. We finally applied MTV to 41 complex traits/diseases available from three GWASs and discovered many new associated genes that had otherwise been missed by existing methods. We also revealed that a small but substantial fraction of phenotypic variation was mediated by GReX. Overall, MTV constructs a robust and realistic modeling foundation for integrative omics analysis and has the advantage of offering more attractive biological interpretations of GWAS results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Biostatistics at Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Jiahao Qiao
- Department of Biostatistics at Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics at Xuzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics at Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis and Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine at Xuzhou Medical University, China
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27
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Chilton FH, Manichaikul A, Yang C, O'Connor TD, Johnstone LM, Blomquist S, Schembre SM, Sergeant S, Zec M, Tsai MY, Rich SS, Bridgewater SJ, Mathias RA, Hallmark B. Interpreting Clinical Trials With Omega-3 Supplements in the Context of Ancestry and FADS Genetic Variation. Front Nutr 2022; 8:808054. [PMID: 35211495 PMCID: PMC8861490 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.808054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human diets in developed countries such as the US have changed dramatically over the past 75 years, leading to increased obesity, inflammation, and cardiometabolic dysfunction. Evidence over the past decade indicates that the interaction of genetic variation with changes in the intake of 18-carbon essential dietary omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), respectively, has impacted numerous molecular and clinical phenotypes. Interactions are particularly relevant with the FADS1 and FADS2 genes, which encode key fatty acid desaturases in the pathway that converts LA and ALA to their long chain (≥20 carbons), highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) counterparts. These gene by nutrient interactions affect the levels and balance of n-6 and n-3 HUFA that in turn are converted to a wide array of lipids with signaling roles, including eicosanoids, docosanoids, other oxylipins and endocannabinoids. With few exceptions, n-6 HUFA are precursors of pro-inflammatory/pro-thrombotic signaling lipids, and n-3 HUFA are generally anti-inflammatory/anti-thrombotic. We and others have demonstrated that African ancestry populations have much higher frequencies (vs. European-, Asian- or indigenous Americas-ancestry populations) of a FADS “derived” haplotype that is associated with the efficient conversion of high levels of dietary n-6 PUFA to pro-inflammatory n-6 HUFA. By contrast, an “ancestral” haplotype, carrying alleles associated with a limited capacity to synthesize HUFA, which can lead to n-3 HUFA deficiency, is found at high frequency in certain Hispanic populations and is nearly fixed in several indigenous populations from the Americas. Based on these observations, a focused secondary subgroup analysis of the VITAL n-3 HUFA supplementation trial stratifying the data based on self-reported ancestry revealed that African Americans may benefit from n-3 HUFA supplementation, and both ancestry and FADS variability should be factored into future clinical trials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floyd H. Chilton
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Floyd H. Chilton
| | - Ani Manichaikul
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Chaojie Yang
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Timothy D. O'Connor
- Program in Personalized and Genomic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Laurel M. Johnstone
- University of Arizona Genetics Core, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Sarah Blomquist
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Susan M. Schembre
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine-Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Susan Sergeant
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Manja Zec
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Michael Y. Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Stephen S. Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | | | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Brian Hallmark
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Biostatistics, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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28
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Wuni R, Kuhnle GGC, Wynn-Jones AA, Vimaleswaran KS. A Nutrigenetic Update on CETP Gene–Diet Interactions on Lipid-Related Outcomes. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2022; 24:119-132. [PMID: 35098451 PMCID: PMC8924099 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review An abnormal lipid profile is considered a main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and evidence suggests that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene contribute to variations in lipid levels in response to dietary intake. The objective of this review was to identify and discuss nutrigenetic studies assessing the interactions between CETP SNPs and dietary factors on blood lipids. Recent Findings Relevant articles were obtained through a literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar through to July 2021. An article was included if it examined an interaction between CETP SNPs and dietary factors on blood lipids. From 49 eligible nutrigenetic studies, 27 studies reported significant interactions between 8 CETP SNPs and 17 dietary factors on blood lipids in 18 ethnicities. The discrepancies in the study findings could be attributed to genetic heterogeneity, and differences in sample size, study design, lifestyle and measurement of dietary intake. The most extensively studied ethnicities were those of Caucasian populations and majority of the studies reported an interaction with dietary fat intake. The rs708272 (TaqIB) was the most widely studied CETP SNP, where ‘B1’ allele was associated with higher CETP activity, resulting in lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher serum triglycerides under the influence of high dietary fat intake. Summary Overall, the findings suggest that CETP SNPs might alter blood lipid profiles by modifying responses to diet, but further large studies in multiple ethnic groups are warranted to identify individuals at risk of adverse lipid response to diet. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11883-022-00987-y.
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29
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Comprehensive Statistical and Bioinformatics Analysis in the Deciphering of Putative Mechanisms by Which Lipid-Associated GWAS Loci Contribute to Coronary Artery Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020259. [PMID: 35203469 PMCID: PMC8868589 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was designed to evaluate putative mechanisms by which lipid-associated loci identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are involved in the molecular pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) using a comprehensive statistical and bioinformatics analysis. A total of 1700 unrelated individuals of Slavic origin from the Central Russia, including 991 CAD patients and 709 healthy controls were examined. Sixteen lipid-associated GWAS loci were selected from European studies and genotyped using the MassArray-4 system. The polymorphisms were associated with plasma lipids such as total cholesterol (rs12328675, rs4846914, rs55730499, and rs838880), LDL-cholesterol (rs3764261, rs55730499, rs1689800, and rs838880), HDL-cholesterol (rs3764261) as well as carotid intima-media thickness/CIMT (rs12328675, rs11220463, and rs1689800). Polymorphisms such as rs4420638 of APOC1 (p = 0.009), rs55730499 of LPA (p = 0.0007), rs3136441 of F2 (p < 0.0001), and rs6065906 of PLTP (p = 0.002) showed significant associations with the risk of CAD, regardless of sex, age, and body mass index. A majority of the observed associations were successfully replicated in large independent cohorts. Bioinformatics analysis allowed establishing (1) phenotype-specific and shared epistatic gene–gene and gene–smoking interactions contributing to all studied cardiovascular phenotypes; (2) lipid-associated GWAS loci might be allele-specific binding sites for transcription factors from gene regulatory networks controlling multifaceted molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis.
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30
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Markey O, Vasilopoulou D, Kliem KE, Fagan CC, Grandison AS, Sutton R, Humphries DJ, Todd S, Jackson KG, Givens DI, Lovegrove JA. Effect of fat-reformulated dairy food consumption on postprandial flow-mediated dilatation and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers compared with conventional dairy: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:679-693. [PMID: 35020795 PMCID: PMC8895219 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longer-term consumption of SFA-reduced, MUFA-enriched dairy products has been reported to improve fasting flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). Yet, their impact on endothelial function in the postprandial state warrants investigation. OBJECTIVES The aim was to compare the impact of a fatty acid (FA) modified with a conventional (control) dairy diet on the postprandial %FMD (primary outcome) and systemic cardiometabolic responses to representative meals, and retrospectively explore whether treatment effects differ by apolipoprotein E (APOE) or endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) Glu298Asp gene polymorphisms. METHODS In a crossover-design randomized controlled study, 52 adults with moderate cardiovascular disease risk consumed dairy products [38% of total energy intake (%TE) from fat: FA-modified (target: 16%TE SFAs; 14%TE MUFAs) or control (19%TE SFAs; 11%TE MUFAs)] for 12 wk, separated by an 8-wk washout. Blood sampling and FMD measurements (0-480 min) were performed pre- and postintervention after sequential mixed meals that were representative of the assigned dairy diets (0 min, ∼50 g fat; 330 min, ∼30 g fat). RESULTS Relative to preintervention (∆), the FA-modified dairy diet and meals (treatment) attenuated the increase in the incremental AUC (iAUC), but not AUC, for the %FMD response observed with the conventional treatment (-135 ± 69% vs. +199 ± 82% × min; P = 0.005). The ∆ iAUC, but not AUC, for the apoB response decreased after the FA-modified treatment yet increased after the conventional treatment (-4 ± 3 vs. +3 ± 3 mg/mL × min; P = 0.004). The ∆ iAUC decreased for plasma total SFAs (P = 0.003) and trans 18:1 (P < 0.0001) and increased for cis-MUFAs (P < 0.0001) following the conventional relative to the FA-modified treatment. No treatment × APOE or eNOS genotype interactions were evident for any outcome. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel insights into the longer-term effects of FA-modified dairy food consumption on postprandial cardiometabolic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oonagh Markey
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Dafni Vasilopoulou
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty E Kliem
- Animal, Dairy, and Food Chain Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Colette C Fagan
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair S Grandison
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Sutton
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - David J Humphries
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Todd
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Kim G Jackson
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom,Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - David I Givens
- Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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31
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Karimi Z, Daneshmoghadam J, Ghaedi H, Khalili E, Panahi G, Shanaki M. Association of rs2954029 and rs6982502 Variants with Coronary Artery Disease by HRM Technique: A GWAS Replication Study in an Iranian Population. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 10:580-588. [PMID: 35291618 PMCID: PMC8903370 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.10.4.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been the primary tool for an unbiased study of the genetic background of coronary artery disease (CAD). They have identified a list of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). In this study, we aimed to replicate the association of rs2954029 and rs6982502, a GWAS identified SNP, to CAD in an Iranian population. METHODS A sample of 285 subjects undergoing coronary angiography, including 134 CAD patients and 151 healthy. The genotype determination of rs2954029 and rs6982502 SNPs performed using the high-resolution melting analysis (HRM) technique. RESULTS Our results revealed that the TT genotype of rs2954029 (p= 0.009) and rs6982502 (p< 0.001) were significantly higher in CAD patients compared with controls. Binary logistic regression showed that rs6982502 and rs2954029 increase the risk of CAD incidence (2.470 times, p= 0.011, 95% CI= [1.219-4.751], and 2.174 times, p= 0.033, 95% CI= [1.066-4.433] respectively). After adjusting for confounders, we found that rs6982502 and rs2954029 are significantly associated with CAD risk. CONCLUSION These data showed that the TT genotype of rs2954029 and rs6982502 is associated with the risk of CAD in a hospital-based sample of the Iranian population, which has replicated the result of recent GWAS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahereh Karimi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Javad Daneshmoghadam
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Ghaedi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Khalili
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ghodratollah Panahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrnoosh Shanaki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Scapoli C, Ziliotto N, Lunghi B, Menegatti E, Salvi F, Zamboni P, Baroni M, Mascoli F, Bernardi F, Marchetti G. Combination of Genomic and Transcriptomic Approaches Highlights Vascular and Circadian Clock Components in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010310. [PMID: 35008743 PMCID: PMC8745220 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at exploring vascular components in multiple sclerosis (MS) with brain outflow disturbance, we combined transcriptome analysis in MS internal jugular vein (IJV) wall with WES in MS families with vertical transmission of disease. Main results were the differential expression in IJV wall of 16 MS-GWAS genes and of seven genes (GRIN2A, GRIN2B, IL20RB, IL26, PER3, PITX2, and PPARGC1A) not previously indicated by GWAS but encoding for proteins functionally interacting with MS candidate gene products. Strikingly, 22/23 genes have been previously associated with vascular or neuronal traits/diseases, nine encoded for transcriptional factors/regulators and six (CAMK2G, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, N1RD1, PER3, PPARGC1A) for circadian entrainment/rhythm components. Among the WES low-frequency (MAF ≤ 0.04) SNPs (n = 7) filtered in the 16 genes, the NR1D1 rs17616365 showed significantly different MAF in the Network for Italian Genomes affected cohort than in the 1000 Genome Project Tuscany samples. This pattern was also detected in five nonintronic variants (GRIN2B rs1805482, PER3 rs2640909, PPARGC1A rs2970847, rs8192678, and rs3755863) in genes coding for functional partners. Overall, the study proposes specific markers and low-frequency variants that might help (i) to understand perturbed biological processes in vascular tissues contributing to MS disease, and (ii) to characterize MS susceptibility genes for functional association with disease-pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Scapoli
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.S.); (B.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Nicole Ziliotto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20072 Milan, Italy;
| | - Barbara Lunghi
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.S.); (B.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Erica Menegatti
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (P.Z.)
| | - Fabrizio Salvi
- Center for Immunological and Rare Neurological Diseases, IRCCS of Neurological Sciences, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Paolo Zamboni
- Department of Translational Medicine and for Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.M.); (P.Z.)
| | - Marcello Baroni
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.S.); (B.L.); (M.B.)
| | - Francesco Mascoli
- Unit of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, S. Anna University-Hospital, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Francesco Bernardi
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.S.); (B.L.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0532-974425
| | - Giovanna Marchetti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
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Fujishiro H, Kambe T. Manganese transport in mammals by zinc transporter family proteins, ZNT and ZIP. J Pharmacol Sci 2021; 148:125-133. [PMID: 34924116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element required for various biological processes. However, excess Mn causes serious side effects in humans, including parkinsonism. Thus, elucidation of Mn homeostasis at the systemic, cellular, and molecular levels is important. Many metal transporters and channels can be involved in the transport and homeostasis of Mn, and an increasing body of evidence shows that several zinc (Zn) transporters belonging to the ZIP and ZNT families, specifically, ZNT10, ZIP8, and ZIP14, play pivotal roles in Mn metabolism. Mutations in the genes encoding these transporter proteins are associated with congenital disorders related to dysregulated Mn homeostasis in humans. Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms of ZIP8 are associated with multiple clinical phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the recent literature on the structural and biochemical features of ZNT10, ZIP8, and ZIP14, including transport mechanisms, regulation of expression, and pathophysiological functions. Because a disturbance in Mn homeostasis is closely associated with a variety of phenotypes and risk of human diseases, these transporters constitute a significant target for drug development. An understanding of the roles of these key transporters in Mn metabolism should provide new insights into pharmacological applications of their inhibitors and enhancers in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Fujishiro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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Wai Yeung M, Wang S, van de Vegte YJ, Borisov O, van Setten J, Snieder H, Verweij N, Said MA, van der Harst P. Twenty-Five Novel Loci for Carotid Intima-Media Thickness: A Genome-Wide Association Study in >45 000 Individuals and Meta-Analysis of >100 000 Individuals. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 42:484-501. [PMID: 34852643 PMCID: PMC8939707 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.317007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) is a widely accepted marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. Twenty susceptibility loci for cIMT were previously identified and the identification of additional susceptibility loci furthers our knowledge on the genetic architecture underlying atherosclerosis. Approach and Results: We performed 3 genome-wide association studies in 45 185 participants from the UK Biobank study who underwent cIMT measurements and had data on minimum, mean, and maximum thickness. We replicated 15 known loci and identified 20 novel loci associated with cIMT at P<5×10-8. Seven novel loci (ZNF385D, ADAMTS9, EDNRA, HAND2, MYOCD, ITCH/EDEM2/matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]24, and MRTFA) were identified in all 3 phenotypes. An additional new locus (LOXL1) was identified in the meta-analysis of the 3 phenotypes. Sex interaction analysis revealed sex differences in 7 loci including a novel locus (SYNE3) in males. Meta-analysis of UK Biobank data with a previous meta-analysis led to identification of three novel loci (APOB, FIP1L1, and LOXL4). Transcriptome-wide association analyses implicated additional genes ARHGAP42, NDRG4, and KANK2. Gene set analysis showed an enrichment in extracellular organization and the PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) signaling pathway. We found positive genetic correlations of cIMT with coronary artery disease rg=0.21 (P=1.4×10-7), peripheral artery disease rg=0.45 (P=5.3×10-5), and systolic blood pressure rg=0.30 (P=4.0×10-18). A negative genetic correlation between average of maximum cIMT and high-density lipoprotein was found rg=-0.12 (P=7.0×10-4). CONCLUSIONS Genome-wide association meta-analyses in >100 000 individuals identified 25 novel loci associated with cIMT providing insights into genes and tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms of proatherosclerotic processes. We found evidence for shared biological mechanisms with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wai Yeung
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. (M.W.Y., S.W., Y.J.v.d.V., N.V., M.A.S., P.v.d.H.)
| | - Siqi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. (M.W.Y., S.W., Y.J.v.d.V., N.V., M.A.S., P.v.d.H.).,Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. (S.W., H.S.)
| | - Yordi J van de Vegte
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. (M.W.Y., S.W., Y.J.v.d.V., N.V., M.A.S., P.v.d.H.)
| | - Oleg Borisov
- Institute for Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University Hospital Bonn, Germany (O.B.)
| | - Jessica van Setten
- Division of Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, the Netherlands (M.W.Y., J.v.S., P.v.d.H.)
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. (S.W., H.S.)
| | - Niek Verweij
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. (M.W.Y., S.W., Y.J.v.d.V., N.V., M.A.S., P.v.d.H.)
| | - M Abdullah Said
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. (M.W.Y., S.W., Y.J.v.d.V., N.V., M.A.S., P.v.d.H.).,Division of Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, the Netherlands (M.W.Y., J.v.S., P.v.d.H.)
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands. (M.W.Y., S.W., Y.J.v.d.V., N.V., M.A.S., P.v.d.H.).,Division of Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, the Netherlands (M.W.Y., J.v.S., P.v.d.H.)
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Goedeke L, Canfrán-Duque A, Rotllan N, Chaube B, Thompson BM, Lee RG, Cline GW, McDonald JG, Shulman GI, Lasunción MA, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C. MMAB promotes negative feedback control of cholesterol homeostasis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6448. [PMID: 34750386 PMCID: PMC8575900 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26787-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intricate regulatory networks govern the net balance of cholesterol biosynthesis, uptake and efflux; however, the mechanisms surrounding cholesterol homeostasis remain incompletely understood. Here, we develop an integrative genomic strategy to detect regulators of LDLR activity and identify 250 genes whose knockdown affects LDL-cholesterol uptake and whose expression is modulated by intracellular cholesterol levels in human hepatic cells. From these hits, we focus on MMAB, an enzyme which catalyzes the conversion of vitamin B12 to adenosylcobalamin, and whose expression has previously been linked with altered levels of circulating cholesterol in humans. We demonstrate that hepatic levels of MMAB are modulated by dietary and cellular cholesterol levels through SREBP2, the master transcriptional regulator of cholesterol homeostasis. Knockdown of MMAB decreases intracellular cholesterol levels and augments SREBP2-mediated gene expression and LDL-cholesterol uptake in human and mouse hepatic cell lines. Reductions in total sterol content were attributed to increased intracellular levels of propionic and methylmalonic acid and subsequent inhibition of HMGCR activity and cholesterol biosynthesis. Moreover, mice treated with antisense inhibitors of MMAB display a significant reduction in hepatic HMGCR activity, hepatic sterol content and increased expression of SREBP2-mediated genes. Collectively, these findings reveal an unexpected role for the adenosylcobalamin pathway in regulating LDLR expression and identify MMAB as an additional control point by which cholesterol biosynthesis is regulated by its end product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Goedeke
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alberto Canfrán-Duque
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Noemi Rotllan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Balkrishna Chaube
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Bonne M Thompson
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Richard G Lee
- Cardiovascular Group, Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA
| | - Gary W Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Miguel A Lasunción
- Servicio de Bioquímica-Investigación, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRyCIS) and CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Association between the ABCA1 (R219K) polymorphism and lipid profiles: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21718. [PMID: 34741058 PMCID: PMC8571387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00961-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Conflicting evidence was found about the relationship between lipid profiles and R219K polymorphism in adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette exporter A1 (ABCA1) gene. In this study, four meta-analyses were conducted to assess the effect of R219K on lipid levels, including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and triglycerides (TG). A total of 125 samples of 87 studies (about 60,262 subjects) were included. The effect of each study was expressed using the standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and pooled by meta-analysis in the random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity sources. The overall pooled effect showed the following results. (1) The R219K was significantly associated with HDLC level (SMD = - 0.25 mmol/L, 95%CI - 0.32 to - 0.18, z = - 6.96, P < 0.01, recessive genetic model). People with different genotypes had significantly different HDLC levels under the recessive, codominant and dominant genetic models (all Ps < 0.01). (2) A weak and indeterminate relationship between R219K and TG level was observed (SMD = 0.18 mmol/L, 95%CI 0.06-0.30, z = 3.01, P < 0.01, recessive genetic model). These findings suggested that R219K was associated with HDLC and TG levels, which might implicate a promising clinical application for lipid-related disorders, though the influences of race, health status, BMI, and other heterogeneity sources should be considered when interpreting current findings. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021231178).
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Impact of Amerind ancestry and FADS genetic variation on omega-3 deficiency and cardiometabolic traits in Hispanic populations. Commun Biol 2021; 4:918. [PMID: 34321601 PMCID: PMC8319323 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) have critical signaling roles that regulate dyslipidemia and inflammation. Genetic variation in the FADS gene cluster accounts for a large portion of interindividual differences in circulating and tissue levels of LC-PUFAs, with the genotypes most strongly predictive of low LC-PUFA levels at strikingly higher frequencies in Amerind ancestry populations. In this study, we examined relationships between genetic ancestry and FADS variation in 1102 Hispanic American participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. We demonstrate strong negative associations between Amerind genetic ancestry and LC-PUFA levels. The FADS rs174537 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) accounted for much of the AI ancestry effect on LC-PUFAs, especially for low levels of n-3 LC-PUFAs. Rs174537 was also strongly associated with several metabolic, inflammatory and anthropomorphic traits including circulating triglycerides (TGs) and E-selectin in MESA Hispanics. Our study demonstrates that Amerind ancestry provides a useful and readily available tool to identify individuals most likely to have FADS-related n-3 LC-PUFA deficiencies and associated cardiovascular risk.
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Association between the PLTP rs4810479 SNP and Serum Lipid Traits in the Chinese Maonan and Han Populations. Genet Res (Camb) 2021; 2021:9925272. [PMID: 34385888 PMCID: PMC8328490 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9925272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between the phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) gene rs4810479 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and serum lipid levels is largely unknown. This investigation aimed to evaluate the relationship between the PLTP rs4810479 SNP, several environmental risk factors, and serum lipid parameters in the Chinese Maonan and Han nationalities. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, gel electrophoresis, and direct sequencing were employed to determine the PLTP rs4810479 genotypes in 633 Maonan and 646 Han participants. The frequencies of CC, CT, and TT genotypes and the C allele were different between Maonan and Han groups (29.07%, 53.08%, 17.85%, and 55.61% vs. 35.60%, 49.70%, 14.70%, and 60.45%, respectively, P < 0.05). The C allele carriers in the Maonan group had higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the C allele noncarriers, but this finding was only found in Maonan males but not in females. The C allele carriers in Han males had lower total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the C allele noncarriers. Serum lipid profiles were also affected by several traditional cardiovascular risk factors in both populations. There might be an ethnic- and/or sex-specific association between the PLTP rs4810479 SNP and serum lipid traits.
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Inducible degrader of LDLR: A potential novel therapeutic target and emerging treatment for hyperlipidemia. Vascul Pharmacol 2021; 140:106878. [PMID: 34015522 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2021.106878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Statins are the most effective lipid-lowering drugs ever developed, and numerous patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) have obtained remarkable benefits from statin therapy. However, issues with statin resistance and intolerance cannot be ignored in clinical practice. Additionally, adverse effects, such as an increased risk of new-onset diabetes and muscle symptoms, may limit the utilization of statins. Therefore, the development of new lipid-lowering agents is necessary to reduce CVD risk in patients who are unable to receive statin therapy. Among these new lipid-lowering strategies, inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is an effective way to enhance clearance of LDL-C from the circulation by impeding the degradation of LDL receptor (LDLR) in hepatocytes. Interestingly, given that upregulation of LDLR is an effective method for lowering lipid levels, the question arises as to whether other LDLR-mediated genes could serve as potential therapeutic targets for CVD. As an E3-ubiquitin ligase, inducible degrader of LDLR (IDOL) can cause ubiquitination and degradation of LDLR in lysosome and is a novel regulator of LDLR expression similar to PCSK9. Although there are no approved drugs for targeting the IDOL-LDLR pathway, recent studies demonstrate that IDOL could serve as a potential therapeutic target for hyperlipidemia. Herein, we have summarized these novel studies to present the pathological role of IDOL in CVD, further assessing its pharmacological effects for lipid-lowering therapy.
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Hormozdiari F, Jung J, Eskin E, J. Joo JW. MARS: leveraging allelic heterogeneity to increase power of association testing. Genome Biol 2021; 22:128. [PMID: 33931127 PMCID: PMC8086090 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In standard genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the standard association test is underpowered to detect associations between loci with multiple causal variants with small effect sizes. We propose a statistical method, Model-based Association test Reflecting causal Status (MARS), that finds associations between variants in risk loci and a phenotype, considering the causal status of variants, only requiring the existing summary statistics to detect associated risk loci. Utilizing extensive simulated data and real data, we show that MARS increases the power of detecting true associated risk loci compared to previous approaches that consider multiple variants, while controlling the type I error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Hormozdiari
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115 MA USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Junghyun Jung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620 South Korea
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095 CA USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, 90095 CA USA
| | - Jong Wha J. Joo
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620 South Korea
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Read RW, Schlauch KA, Lombardi VC, Cirulli ET, Washington NL, Lu JT, Grzymski JJ. Genome-Wide Identification of Rare and Common Variants Driving Triglyceride Levels in a Nevada Population. Front Genet 2021; 12:639418. [PMID: 33763119 PMCID: PMC7982958 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.639418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical conditions correlated with elevated triglyceride levels are well-known: coronary heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes. Underlying genetic and phenotypic mechanisms are not fully understood, partially due to lack of coordinated genotypic-phenotypic data. Here we use a subset of the Healthy Nevada Project, a population of 9,183 sequenced participants with longitudinal electronic health records to examine consequences of altered triglyceride levels. Specifically, Healthy Nevada Project participants sequenced by the Helix Exome+ platform were cross-referenced to their electronic medical records to identify: (1) rare and common single-variant genome-wide associations; (2) gene-based associations using a Sequence Kernel Association Test; (3) phenome-wide associations with triglyceride levels; and (4) pleiotropic variants linked to triglyceride levels. The study identified 549 significant single-variant associations (p < 8.75 × 10-9), many in chromosome 11's triglyceride hotspot: ZPR1, BUD13, APOC3, APOA5. A well-known protective loss-of-function variant in APOC3 (R19X) was associated with a 51% decrease in triglyceride levels in the cohort. Sixteen gene-based triglyceride associations were identified; six of these genes surprisingly did not include a single variant with significant associations. Results at the variant and gene level were validated with the UK Biobank. The combination of a single-variant genome-wide association, a gene-based association method, and phenome wide-association studies identified rare and common variants, genes, and phenotypes associated with elevated triglyceride levels, some of which may have been overlooked with standard approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Read
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Karen A. Schlauch
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Vincent C. Lombardi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, United States
| | | | | | - James T. Lu
- Helix Opco, LLC., San Mateo, CA, United States
| | - Joseph J. Grzymski
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV, United States
- Renown Health, Reno, NV, United States
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Kambe T, Taylor KM, Fu D. Zinc transporters and their functional integration in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100320. [PMID: 33485965 PMCID: PMC7949119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is a ubiquitous biological metal in all living organisms. The spatiotemporal zinc dynamics in cells provide crucial cellular signaling opportunities, but also challenges for intracellular zinc homeostasis with broad disease implications. Zinc transporters play a central role in regulating cellular zinc balance and subcellular zinc distributions. The discoveries of two complementary families of mammalian zinc transporters (ZnTs and ZIPs) in the mid-1990s spurred much speculation on their metal selectivity and cellular functions. After two decades of research, we have arrived at a biochemical description of zinc transport. However, in vitro functions are fundamentally different from those in living cells, where mammalian zinc transporters are directed to specific subcellular locations, engaged in dedicated macromolecular machineries, and connected with diverse cellular processes. Hence, the molecular functions of individual zinc transporters are reshaped and deeply integrated in cells to promote the utilization of zinc chemistry to perform enzymatic reactions, tune cellular responsiveness to pathophysiologic signals, and safeguard cellular homeostasis. At present, the underlying mechanisms driving the functional integration of mammalian zinc transporters are largely unknown. This knowledge gap has motivated a shift of the research focus from in vitro studies of purified zinc transporters to in cell studies of mammalian zinc transporters in the context of their subcellular locations and protein interactions. In this review, we will outline how knowledge of zinc transporters has been accumulated from in-test-tube to in-cell studies, highlighting new insights and paradigm shifts in our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of mammalian zinc transporter functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kathryn M Taylor
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Dax Fu
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Wei Y, Huang H, Zhang R, Zhu Z, Zhu Y, Lin L, Dong X, Wei L, Chen X, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Su L, Chen F, Christiani DC. Association of Serum Mannose With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Risk and Survival. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2034569. [PMID: 33502483 PMCID: PMC7841460 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.34569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) confers high mortality risk among critically ill patients. Identification of biomarkers associated with ARDS risk may guide clinical diagnosis and prognosis. OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the association of blood metabolites with ARDS risk and survival. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cohort study, data from the Molecular Epidemiology of ARDS (MEARDS) study, a prospective cohort of 403 patients with ARDS and 1227 non-ARDS controls, were analyzed. Patients were recruited in intensive care units (ICUs) at Massachusetts General Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, both in Boston, Massachusetts, from January 1, 1998, to December 31, 2014. Data analysis was performed from December 9, 2018, to January 4, 2019. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Participants were followed up daily for ARDS development defined by Berlin criteria, requiring fulfillment of chest radiograph and oxygenation criteria on the same calendar day during invasive ventilatory assistance. A 2-stage study design was used to explore novel metabolites associated with ARDS risk and survival. RESULTS Of the 1630 participants from MEARDS who were admitted to the ICU , 403 (24.7%) were diagnosed with ARDS (mean [SD] age, 63.0 [17.0] years; 251 [62.3%] male) and 1227 (75.3%) were at-risk but did not have ARDS (mean [SD] age, 62.3 [16.9] years; 753 [61.4%] male). Mendelian randomization suggested that genetically regulated serum mannose was associated with ARDS risk (odds ratio [OR], 0.64; 95% CI, 0.53-0.78; P = 7.46 × 10-6) in the discovery stage. In the functional validation stage incorporating 83 participants with ARDS and matched at-risk participants in the control group from the ICU, the protective association of mannose with ARDS risk was validated (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.46-0.97; P = .03). Furthermore, serum mannose was associated with 28-day (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.11-0.56; P = 6.95 × 10-4) and 60-day (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.19-0.71; P = 3.12 × 10-3) mortality and 28-day (hazard ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32-0.74; P = 6.41 × 10-4) and 60-day (hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.37-0.80; P = 2.11 × 10-3) survival. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, genetically regulated serum mannose appeared to be associated with ARDS risk and outcome, and increased serum mannose at admission was associated with reduced ARDS risk and better survival. These findings could inform prevention and clinical intervention in ARDS cases, which have increased with the expansion of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyue Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaozhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuesi Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangmin Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University School of Public Health, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - David C. Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
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Broadbent JR, Foley CN, Grant AJ, Mason AM, Staley JR, Burgess S. MendelianRandomization v0.5.0: updates to an R package for performing Mendelian randomization analyses using summarized data. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:252. [PMID: 33381656 PMCID: PMC7745186 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16374.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The MendelianRandomization package is a software package written for the R software environment that implements methods for Mendelian randomization based on summarized data. In this manuscript, we describe functions that have been added to the package or updated in recent years. These features can be divided into four categories: robust methods for Mendelian randomization, methods for multivariable Mendelian randomization, functions for data visualization, and the ability to load data into the package seamlessly from the PhenoScanner web-resource. We provide examples of the graphical output produced by the data visualization commands, as well as syntax for obtaining suitable data and performing a Mendelian randomization analysis in a single line of code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim R. Broadbent
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | | | - Andrew J. Grant
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Amy M. Mason
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - James R. Staley
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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45
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Choi YJ, Lee SJ, Kim HI, Lee HJ, Kang SJ, Kim TY, Cheon C, Ko SG. Platycodin D enhances LDLR expression and LDL uptake via down-regulation of IDOL mRNA in hepatic cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19834. [PMID: 33199761 PMCID: PMC7670405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76224-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The root of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) has long been used as a traditional herbal medicine in Asian country. Platycondin D (PD), triterpenoid saponin that is a main constituent of PG, exhibits various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer effects. A previous study showed that PD had cholesterol-lowering effects in mice that develop hypercholesterolemia, but the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been elucidated during the last decade. Here, we demonstrated that both PG and PD markedly increased levels of cell surface low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) by down-regulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase named inducible degrader of the LDLR (IDOL) mRNA, leading to the enhanced uptake of LDL-derived cholesterol (LDL-C) in hepatic cells. Furthermore, cycloheximide chase analysis and in vivo ubiquitination assay revealed that PD increased the half-life of LDLR protein by reducing IDOL-mediated LDLR ubiquitination. Finally, we demonstrated that treatment of HepG2 cells with simvastatin in combination with PG and PD had synergistic effects on the improvement of LDLR expression and LDL-C uptake. Together, these results provide the first molecular evidence for anti-hypercholesterolemic activity of PD and suggest that PD alone or together with statin could be a potential therapeutic option in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jeong Choi
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sol Ji Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.,Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo In Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Lee
- Department Global Public Health and Korean Medicine Management, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jung Kang
- Department of Clinical Koeran Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Young Kim
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul, 130-701, Korea.
| | - Chunhoo Cheon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul, 130-701, Korea.
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46
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A missense variant in SLC39A8 confers risk for Crohn's disease by disrupting manganese homeostasis and intestinal barrier integrity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28930-28938. [PMID: 33139556 PMCID: PMC7682327 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014742117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SLC39A8 A391T exhibits remarkable pleiotropic effects on multiple conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, Parkinson’s disease, and Crohn’s disease. However, how this single coding variant impacts such a wide range of pathologies has not been investigated. We generated Slc39a8 A391T knockin mice and show that they exhibit severe Mn deficiency in the colon, and impaired intestinal barrier integrity due to glycoprotein barrier structure defects, leading to indolent inflammation that can prime further inflammation driven by epithelial injury. Thus, we highlight the importance of Mn in gut homeostasis, and mechanistically unravel how A391T impacts intestinal barrier integrity. Common genetic variants interact with environmental factors to impact risk of heritable diseases. A notable example of this is a single-nucleotide variant in the Solute Carrier Family 39 Member 8 (SLC39A8)geneencoding the missense variant A391T, which is associated with a variety of traits ranging from Parkinson’s disease and neuropsychiatric disease to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and Crohn’s disease. The remarkable extent of pleiotropy exhibited by SLC39A8 A391T raises key questions regarding how a single coding variant can contribute to this diversity of clinical outcomes and what is the mechanistic basis for this pleiotropy. Here, we generate a murine model for the Slc39a8 A391T allele and demonstrate that these mice exhibit Mn deficiency in the colon associated with impaired intestinal barrier function and epithelial glycocalyx disruption. Consequently, Slc39a8 A391T mice exhibit increased sensitivity to epithelial injury and pathological inflammation in the colon. Taken together, our results link a genetic variant with a dietary trace element to shed light on a tissue-specific mechanism of disease risk based on impaired intestinal barrier integrity.
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47
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Huang F, Peng Y, Ye Q, Chen J, Li Y, Liu S, Xu Y, Huang L. CILP2 overexpression correlates with tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) study. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:274. [PMID: 33099318 PMCID: PMC7585680 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-02049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic alterations play an important role in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Identifying new biomarkers to assess the prognosis of patients with CRC is critical. Cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 (CILP2) gene, screened from TCGA database by bioinformatics, may be closely related to the progression of CRC. CILP2 was barely reported with clinical features of tumors. Materials and methods Clinical information and RNA-seq data were derived from TCGA colorectal carcinoma cohort. CILP2 expression at mRNA level was estimated by bioinformatical analysis of TCGA cases. Tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed containing paraffin-embedded 64 pairs of CRC and matched adjacent normal tissues. The expression at the protein level was detected in 64 pairs of CRC and matched adjacent normal tissues by immunohistochemical analysis. CILP2 expression level and its clinical value were estimated by bioinformatical analysis with linear and logistic regression. Survival analysis was performed between high and low groups of CILP2 expression by Cox regression analysis, and the P value was calculated by the log-rank test. The Kaplan-Meier curves were tested by the log-rank test. Results CILP2 was statistically significantly higher expressed in the CRC tissues when compared with paired adjacent normal tissues in TCGA cohort (P < 0.001) and in the TMA cohort (P = 0.001). Also, CILP2 high expression was strongly correlated with T3/4 stage (P = 0.001), N1/2/3 stage (P = 0.005), M1 stage (P = 0.048), and higher clinical stage (UICC 2010 stage) (P < 0.001) in TCGA cohort, and also positively associated with T3/4 stage (P = 0.022) and higher clinical stage (UICC 2010 stage) (P = 0.03) in TMA cohort. Furthermore, CILP2 overexpression predicted poor prognosis and could be an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.003). Conclusion We revealed that CILP2 is associated with advanced stages and could play a role as an independent predictor of poor survival in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, No. 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, ,350014, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfei Peng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, No. 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, ,350014, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinhu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, No. 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, ,350014, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangming Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, No. 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, ,350014, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyuan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, No. 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, ,350014, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangmei Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, No. 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, ,350014, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, No. 420 Fuma Road, Fuzhou, ,350014, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
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Broadbent JR, Foley CN, Grant AJ, Mason AM, Staley JR, Burgess S. MendelianRandomization v0.5.0: updates to an R package for performing Mendelian randomization analyses using summarized data. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:252. [PMID: 33381656 PMCID: PMC7745186 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16374.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 03/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The MendelianRandomization package is a software package written for the R software environment that implements methods for Mendelian randomization based on summarized data. In this manuscript, we describe functions that have been added to the package or updated in recent years. These features can be divided into four categories: robust methods for Mendelian randomization, methods for multivariable Mendelian randomization, functions for data visualization, and the ability to load data into the package seamlessly from the PhenoScanner web-resource. We provide examples of the graphical output produced by the data visualization commands, as well as syntax for obtaining suitable data and performing a Mendelian randomization analysis in a single line of code.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim R. Broadbent
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | | | - Andrew J. Grant
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Amy M. Mason
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - James R. Staley
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
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49
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Sunuwar L, Frkatović A, Sharapov S, Wang Q, Neu HM, Wu X, Haritunians T, Wan F, Michel S, Wu S, Donowitz M, McGovern D, Lauc G, Sears C, Melia J. Pleiotropic ZIP8 A391T implicates abnormal manganese homeostasis in complex human disease. JCI Insight 2020; 5:140978. [PMID: 32897876 PMCID: PMC7605523 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ZIP8 is a metal transporter with a role in manganese (Mn) homeostasis. A common genetic variant in ZIP8 (rs13107325; A391T) ranks in the top 10 of pleiotropic SNPs identified in GWAS; A391T has associations with an increased risk of schizophrenia, obesity, Crohn’s disease, and reduced blood Mn. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockin (KI) to generate a mouse model of ZIP8 A391T (Zip8 393T-KI mice). Recapitulating the SNP association with blood Mn, blood Mn was reduced in Zip8 393T-KI mice. There was restricted abnormal tissue Mn homeostasis, with decreases in liver and kidney Mn and a reciprocal increase in biliary Mn, providing in vivo evidence of hypomorphic Zip8 function. Upon challenge in a chemically induced colitis model, male Zip8 393T-KI mice exhibited enhanced disease susceptibility. ZIP8 391-Thr associated with reduced triantennary plasma N-glycan species in a population-based cohort to define a genotype-specific glycophenotype hypothesized to be linked to Mn-dependent glycosyltransferase activity. This glycophenotype was maintained in a cohort of patients with Crohn’s disease. These data and the pleiotropic disease associations with ZIP8 391-Thr suggest underappreciated roles of Mn homeostasis in complex human disease. Abnormal manganese homeostasis is implicated by a GWAS disease-associated SNP, rs13107325 (ZIP8 A391T), studied in a knockin mouse model and human N-glycome analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxmi Sunuwar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Sodbo Sharapov
- Laboratory of Glycogenomics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Qinchuan Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Heather M Neu
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xinqun Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Talin Haritunians
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fengyi Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah Michel
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Shaoguang Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark Donowitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Dermot McGovern
- F. Widjaja Foundation Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Gordan Lauc
- Genos Glycoscience Research Laboratory, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Cynthia Sears
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joanna Melia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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50
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Adi D, Abuzhalihan J, Wang YH, Baituola G, Wu Y, Xie X, Fu ZY, Yang YN, Ma X, Li XM, Chen BD, Liu F, Ma YT. IDOL gene variant is associated with hyperlipidemia in Han population in Xinjiang, China. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14280. [PMID: 32868861 PMCID: PMC7459279 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is one of the main risk factors that contributed to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). In the present study, our objective was to explore whether some genetic variants of human IDOL gene were associated with hyperlipidemia among Han population in Xinjiang, China. We designed a case–control study. A total of 1,172 subjects (588 diagnosed hyperlipidemia cases and 584 healthy controls) of Chinese Han were recruited. We genotyped three SNPs (rs9370867, rs909562, and rs2072783) of IDOL gene in all subjects by using the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) method. Our study demonstrated that the distribution of the genotypes, the dominant model (AA vs GG + GA), and the overdominant model (AA + GG vs GA) of the rs9370867 SNP had significant differences between the case group and controls (all P < 0.001). For rs909562 and rs2072783, the distribution of the genotypes, the recessive model (AA + GA vs GG) showed significant differences between the case subjects and controls (P = 0.002, P = 0.007 and P = 0.045, P = 0.02, respectively). After multivariate adjustment for several confounders, the rs9370867 SNP is still an independent risk factor for hyperlipidemia [odds ratio (OR) = 1.380, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.201–1.586, P < 0.001]. The rs9370867 of human IDOL gene was associated with hyperlipidemia in Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilare Adi
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Abuzhalihan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hong Wang
- Health Checkup Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Gulinaer Baituola
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of General Practice, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Dang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China.
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