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Fernández-Morales JC, Toth N, Bayram P, Rienzo T, Morad M. Loss-of-function W4645R mutation in the RyR2-caffeine binding site: implications for synchrony and arrhythmogenesis. Cell Calcium 2024; 123:102925. [PMID: 38908063 PMCID: PMC11392648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have identified RyR2 W4645R mutation, located in the caffeine-binding site, to associate with CPVT1 pathology. Caffeine binding to its site is thought to displace the carboxyl-terminal domain to Ca2+-binding, allowing the tryptophan residue (W4645) to regulate Ca2+ sensitivity of RyR2. To gain insights into regulation of RyR2 Ca2+-binding and its interaction with caffeine-binding site, we introduced W4645R-RyR2 point mutation via CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSCCMs) and characterized their Ca2+-signaling phenotype compared to WT hiPSCCMs. METHODS AND RESULTS W4645R-RyR2 cardiomyocytes had: (1) no significant change in ICa magnitude or voltage-dependence; (2) slightly reduced CICR; (3) altered relaxation kinetics of Ca2+-transients with no change in isoproterenol sensitivity; (4) complete loss of caffeine-triggered Ca2+ release; (5) larger SR Ca2+ leak resulting in 40 % lower SR Ca2+ content, as determined by myocytes' response to 4-CmC; (6) lower incidence of calcium sparks and asynchronous spontaneous SR Ca2+ releases. CONCLUSIONS W4645R-RyR2 mutation induces loss of caffeine-triggered SR Ca2+ release and enhances SR Ca2+ leak that underlie asynchronous spontaneous Ca2+ releases, triggering arrhythmia and impairing cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Noemi Toth
- Cardiac Signaling Center of MUSC, USC and Clemson University, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Pinar Bayram
- Cardiac Signaling Center of MUSC, USC and Clemson University, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Taylor Rienzo
- Cardiac Signaling Center of MUSC, USC and Clemson University, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Martin Morad
- Cardiac Signaling Center of MUSC, USC and Clemson University, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, MUSC,Charleston, SC, USA.
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Bommer T, Knierim M, Unsöld J, Riedl D, Stengel L, Paulus M, Körtl T, Liaw N, Maier LS, Streckfuss-Bömeke K, Sossalla S, Pabel S. Simulation of cardiac arrhythmias in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310463. [PMID: 39331676 PMCID: PMC11432883 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The effects and mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias are still incompletely understood and an important subject of cardiovascular research. A major difficulty for investigating arrhythmias is the lack of appropriate human models. Here, we present a protocol for a translational simulation of different types of arrhythmias using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) and electric cell culture pacing. The protocol comprises the handling of ventricular and atrial hiPSC-CM before and during in vitro arrhythmia simulation and possible arrhythmia simulation protocols mimicking clinical arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation. Isolated or confluent hiPSC-CM can be used for the simulation. In vitro arrhythmia simulation did not impair cell viability of hiPSC-CM and could reproduce arrhythmia associated phenotypes of patients. The use of hiPSC-CM enables patient-specific studies of arrhythmias, genetic interventions, or drug-screening. Thus, the in vitro arrhythmia simulation protocol may offer a versatile tool for translational studies on the mechanisms and treatment options of cardiac arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Bommer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria Knierim
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Julia Unsöld
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dominic Riedl
- Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Medical Clinic I and Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim, Gießen and Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Laura Stengel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Paulus
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Körtl
- Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Medical Clinic I and Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim, Gießen and Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Norman Liaw
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lars S. Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Streckfuss-Bömeke
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August University Göttingen, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- Justus-Liebig-University Gießen Medical Clinic I and Campus Kerckhoff Bad Nauheim, Gießen and Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Steffen Pabel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
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Miotto MC, Reiken S, Wronska A, Yuan Q, Dridi H, Liu Y, Weninger G, Tchagou C, Marks AR. Structural basis for ryanodine receptor type 2 leak in heart failure and arrhythmogenic disorders. Nat Commun 2024; 15:8080. [PMID: 39278969 PMCID: PMC11402997 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51791-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure, the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the developed world, is characterized by cardiac ryanodine receptor 2 channels that are hyperphosphorylated, oxidized, and depleted of the stabilizing subunit calstabin-2. This results in a diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak that impairs cardiac contractility and triggers arrhythmias. Genetic mutations in ryanodine receptor 2 can also cause Ca2+ leak, leading to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Here, we solved the cryogenic electron microscopy structures of ryanodine receptor 2 variants linked either to heart failure or inherited sudden cardiac death. All are in the primed state, part way between closed and open. Binding of Rycal drugs to ryanodine receptor 2 channels reverts the primed state back towards the closed state, decreasing Ca2+ leak, improving cardiac function, and preventing arrhythmias. We propose a structural-physiological mechanism whereby the ryanodine receptor 2 channel primed state underlies the arrhythmias in heart failure and arrhythmogenic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco C Miotto
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Steven Reiken
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anetta Wronska
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Haikel Dridi
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gunnar Weninger
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carl Tchagou
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew R Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
- Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Zhang X, Wu Y, Smith CER, Louch WE, Morotti S, Dobrev D, Grandi E, Ni H. Enhanced Ca 2+-Driven Arrhythmogenic Events in Female Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From Computational Modeling. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024:S2405-500X(24)00717-5. [PMID: 39340505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2024.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substantial sex-based differences have been reported in atrial fibrillation (AF), but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES This study sought to gain a mechanistic understanding of Ca2+-handling disturbances and Ca2+-driven arrhythmogenic events in male vs female atrial cardiomyocytes and establish their responses to Ca2+-targeted interventions. METHODS We integrated reported sex differences and AF-associated changes (ie, expression and phosphorylation of Ca2+-handling proteins, cardiomyocyte ultrastructural characteristics, and dimensions) into our human atrial cardiomyocyte model that couples electrophysiology with spatially detailed Ca2+-handling processes. Sex-specific responses of atrial cardiomyocytes to arrhythmia-provoking protocols and Ca2+-targeted interventions were evaluated. RESULTS Simulated quiescent cardiomyocytes showed increased incidence of Ca2+ sparks in female vs male myocytes in AF, in agreement with previous experimental reports. Additionally, our female model exhibited elevated propensity to develop pacing-induced spontaneous Ca2+ releases (SCRs) and augmented beat-to-beat variability in action potential (AP)-elicited Ca2+ transients compared with the male model. Sensitivity analysis uncovered distinct arrhythmogenic contributions of each component involved in sex and/or AF alterations. Specifically, increased ryanodine receptor phosphorylation emerged as the major SCR contributor in female AF cardiomyocytes, whereas reduced L-type Ca2+ current was protective against SCRs for male AF cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, simulated Ca2+-targeted interventions identified potential strategies (eg, t-tubule restoration, and inhibition of ryanodine receptor and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2⁺-ATPase) to attenuate Ca2+-driven arrhythmogenic events in women, and revealed enhanced efficacy when applied in combination. CONCLUSIONS Sex-specific modeling uncovers increased Ca2+-driven arrhythmogenic events in female vs male atria in AF, and suggests combined Ca2+-targeted interventions are promising therapeutic approaches in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA. https://twitter.com/xianweizhang1
| | - Yixuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Charlotte E R Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA. https://twitter.com/Char_Smith3
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. https://twitter.com/IEMRLouch
| | - Stefano Morotti
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA. https://twitter.com/MorottiLab
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Montréal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. https://twitter.com/dr_dobrev
| | - Eleonora Grandi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
| | - Haibo Ni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA.
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Zhan G, Wang X, Wang X, Li J, Tang Y, Bi H, Yang X, Xia Y. Dapagliflozin: A sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, attenuates angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrillation by regulating atrial electrical and structural remodeling. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 978:176712. [PMID: 38906237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia, is characterized by atrial electrical and structural remodeling. Previous studies have found that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) can protect myocardium in a glucose independent mechanism. But the role of SGLT2i in regulating AF remains largely unknown. This study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Dapagliflozin (DAPA) in reducing AF susceptibility via inhibiting electrical and structural remodeling. METHOD The mouse model was established by Angiotensin II (2000 ng/kg/min) infusion for 3 weeks, and an in vitro model was generated by stimulating HL-1 and primary mouse fibroblast with Ang II (1 μM) for 24 h. Programmed electrical stimulation, ECG and whole-cell patch clamp were used to detect DAPA effect on atrial electrical remodeling induced by Ang II. To observe DAPA effect on atrial structural remodeling induced by Ang II, we used echocardiographic, H&E and Masson staining to evaluate atrial dilation. To further explore the protective mechanism of DAPA, we adopt in silico molecular docking approaches to investigate the binding affinity of Ang II and CaMKII at Met-281 site. Western blot was to detect expression level of CaMKII, ox-CaMKII, Nav1.5, Kv4.3, Kv4.2, Kchip2, Kir2.1 and Cx40. RESULTS Ang II induced AF, atrial dilatation and fibrosis, led to atrial electrical and structural remodeling. However, these effects were markedly abrogated by DAPA treatment, a specific SGLT2i. Our observation of atrial electrical activity in mice revealed that DAPA could rescue the prolonged action potential duration (APD) and the abnormal currents of IK1, Ito and INaL triggered by Ang II infusion. DAPA could reduce the binding affinity of Ang II and CaMKII at Met-281 site, which indicated that DAPA may directly alleviate the activation of CaMKII caused by Ang II. DAPA could reduce the upregulation of ox-CaMKII caused by Ang II infusion in atrial tissues. Moreover, DAPA also ameliorated the aberrant expression levels of electrical activity related proteins (Nav1.5, Kv4.3, Kv4.2, Kchip2, Kir2.1 and Cx40) and fibrosis related signal pathways (TGF-β1, p-smad/smad) caused by Ang II. Furthermore, we confirmed that DAPA, as well as other SGLT2i (EMPA, CANA), could reverse these abnormalities caused by Ang II incubation in HL-1 cells and primary mouse fibroblasts, respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, our study identifies DAPA, a widely used SGLT2i, contributes to inhibiting Ang II-induced ox-CaMKII upregulation and electrical and structural remodeling to reduce AF susceptibility, suggesting that DAPA may be a potential therapy of treating AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Xinying Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Innermongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010050, China; Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiatian Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Yuqi Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Hailian Bi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China
| | - Xiaolei Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China.
| | - Yunlong Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116011, China.
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6
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Lu X, Wang T, Hou B, Han N, Li H, Wang X, Xin J, He Y, Zhang D, Jia Z, Wei C. Shensong yangxin, a multi-functional traditional Chinese medicine for arrhythmia: A review of components, pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35560. [PMID: 39224243 PMCID: PMC11367280 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
As a common cardiovascular disease (CVD), Arrhythmia refers to any abnormality in the origin, frequency, rhythm, conduction velocity, timing, pathway, sequence, or other aspect of cardiac impulses, and it is one of the common cardiovascular diseases in clinical practice. At present, various ion channel blockers are used for treatment of arrhythmia that include Na+ ion channel blockers, K+ ion channel blockers and Ca2+ ion channel blockers. While these drugs offer benefits, they have led to a gradual increase in drug-related adverse reactions across various systems. As a result, the quest for safe and effective antiarrhythmic drugs is pressing. Recent years have seen some advancements in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias using traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The theory of Luobing in TCM has proposed a new drug intervention strategy of "fast and slow treatment, integrated regulation" leading to a shift in mindset from "antiarrhythmic" to "rhythm-regulating". Guided by this theory, the development of Shen Song Yang Xin Capsules (SSYX) has involved various Chinese medicinal ingredients that comprehensively regulate the myocardial electrophysiological mechanism, exerting antiarrhythmic effects on multiple ion channels and non-ion channels. Similarly, in clinical studies, evidence-based research has confirmed that SSYX combined with conventional antiarrhythmic drugs can more effectively reduce the occurrence of arrhythmias. Therefore, this article provides a comprehensive review of the composition and mechanisms of action, pharmacological components, network pharmacology analysis, and clinical applications of SSYX guided by the theory of Luobing, aiming to offer valuable insights for improved clinical management of arrhythmias and related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, 050017, China
| | - Tongxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Bin Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Ningxin Han
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, 050017, China
| | - Hongrong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Jingjing Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, 050017, China
| | - Yanling He
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, 050090, Hebei, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Shijiazhuang Compound Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
| | - Cong Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang, 050035, China
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7
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Jiayu L, Xiaofeng L, Jinhong C, Fangjun D, Boya F, Xin Z, Zidong C, Rui T, Lu Y, Shule Q, Runying W, Wuxun D. Study on the mechanisms and Pharmacodynamic substances of Lian-Gui-Ning-Xin-Tang on Arrhythmia Therapy based on Pharmacodynamic-Pharmacokinetic associations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36104. [PMID: 39253118 PMCID: PMC11381611 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The Chinese herbal compound Lian-Gui-Ning-Xin-Tang (LGNXT), composed of 9 herbs, has a significant antiarrhythmic effect. Previous studies have confirmed that preventing intracellular Ca2+ overload and maintaining intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis may be the important antiarrhythmic mechanisms of LGNXT. Recent studies are focused on elucidating the mechanisms and pharmacodynamic substances of LGNXT. Purpose 1) To investigate the antiarrhythmic mechanisms of LGNXT; 2) to explore the association of pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of the potential pharmacodynamic substances in LGNXT to further verify the mechanisms of action. Methods First, pharmacodynamic studies were conducted to determine the effect of LGNXT in arrhythmia at the electrophysiological, molecular, and tissue levels, and the "effect-time" relationship of LGNXT was further proposed. Next, an HPLC-MS/MS method was established to identify the "dose-time" relationship of the 9 potential compounds. Combining the "effect-time" and "dose-time" curves, the active ingredients closely related to the inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism were identified to further verify the mechanisms and pharmacodynamic substances of LGNXT. Results Pretreatment with LGNXT could delay the occurrence of arrhythmias and reduce their duration and severity. LGNXT exerted antiarrhythmic effects by inhibiting MDA, LPO, IL-6, and cAMP; restoring Cx43 coupling function; and upregulating SOD, Ca2+-ATPase, and Na+-K+-ATPase levels. PK-PD association showed that nobiletin, methylophiopogonanone A, trigonelline, cinnamic acid, liquiritin, dehydropolisic acid, berberine, and puerarin were the main pharmacodynamic substances responsible for inhibiting the inflammatory response in arrhythmia. Methylophiopogonanone A, dehydropalingic acid, nobiletin, trigonelline, berberine, and puerarin in LGNXT exerted antiarrhythmic effects by inhibiting oxidative stress. Dehydropalingic acid, berberine, cinnamic acid, liquiritin, puerarin, trigonelline, methylophiopogonanone A, nobiletin, and tetrahydropalmatine exerted antiarrhythmic effects by inhibiting the energy-metabolism process. Conclusions LGNXT had a positive intervention effect on arrhythmias, especially ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which could inhibit inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism; positively stabilize the structure, and remodify the function of myocardial cell membranes. Additionally, the PD-PK association study revealed that methylophiopogonanone A, berberine, trigonelline, liquiritin, puerarin, tetrahydropalmatine, nobiletin, dehydropachymic acid, and cinnamic acid directly targeted inflammation, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism, which could be considered the pharmacodynamic substances of LGNXT. Thus, the antiarrhythmic mechanisms of LGNXT were further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jiayu
- Department of TCM, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Li Xiaofeng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Chen Jinhong
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Shandong Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Deng Fangjun
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300091, China
| | - Fan Boya
- Department of Medical qualification examination, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine TCM Qualification Certification Center, Beijing 100120, China
| | - Zhen Xin
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Cong Zidong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 300150, China
| | - Tao Rui
- Department of TCM, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qian Shule
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wang Runying
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Du Wuxun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin 300150, China
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8
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Xiao Z, Yang H, Pan Y, Meng H, Qu Z, Kong B, Shuai W, Huang H. Ubiquitin-specific protease 38 promotes atrial fibrillation in diabetic mice by stabilizing iron regulatory protein 2. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 224:88-102. [PMID: 39173894 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiovascular disease often observed in diabetes mellitus, and there is currently no satisfactory therapeutic option. Ubiquitin-specific protease 38 (USP38) has been implicated in the degradation of numerous substrate proteins in the myocardium. Herein, we aim to investigate the role of USP38 in AF induced by diabetes. METHODS Cardiac-specific transgenic USP38 mice and cardiac-specific knockout USP38 mice were constructed, and streptozotocin was used to establish diabetic mouse model. Functional, electrophysiological, histologic, biochemical studies were performed. RESULTS The expression of USP38 was upregulated in atrial tissues of diabetic mice and HL-1 cells exposed to high glucose. USP38 overexpression increased susceptibility to AF, accompanied by aberrant expression of calcium-handling protein, heightened iron load and oxidation stress in diabetic mice. Conversely, USP38 deficiency reduced vulnerability to AF by hampering ferroptosis. Mechanistically, USP38 bound to iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2), stabilizing it and remove K48-linked polyubiquitination chains, thereby increasing intracellular iron overload, lipid peroxidation, and ultimately contributing to ferroptosis. In addition, reduced iron overload by deferoxamine treatment alleviated oxidation stress and decreased vulnerability to AF in diabetic mice. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings reveal the detrimental role of USP38 in diabetes-related AF, manifested by increased level of iron overload and oxidation stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yucheng Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongze Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Shuai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - He Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China; Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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9
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Liu CH, Wen ZH, Huo YN, Lin CY, Yang HY, Tsai CS. Piscidin-1 regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced intracellular calcium, sodium dysregulation, and oxidative stress in atrial cardiomyocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 976:176695. [PMID: 38821161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers an inflammatory response, causing impairment of cardiomyocyte Ca2+ and Na + regulation. This study aimed to determine whether piscidin-1 (PCD-1), an antimicrobial peptide, improves intracellular Ca2+ and Na + regulation in LPS-challenged atrial cardiomyocytes. Rabbit atrial cardiomyocytes were enzymatically isolated from the left atria. Patch-clamp ionic current recording, intracellular Ca2+ monitoring using Fluo-3, and detection of cytosolic reactive oxygen species production were conducted in control, LPS-challenged, and LPS + PCD-1-treated atrial cardiomyocytes. LPS-challenged cardiomyocytes showed shortened durations of action potential at their 50% and 90% repolarizations, which was reversed by PCD-1 treatment. LPS-challenged cardiomyocytes showed decreased L-type Ca2+ channel currents and larger Na+/Ca2+ exchange currents compared to controls. While LPS did not affect the sodium current, an enhanced late sodium current with increased cytosolic Na+ levels was observed in LPS-challenged cardiomyocytes. These LPS-induced alterations in the ionic current were ameliorated by PCD-1 treatment. LPS-challenged cardiomyocytes displayed lowered Ca2+ transient amplitudes and decreased Ca2+ stores and greater Ca2+ leakage in the sarcoplasmic reticulum compared to the control. Exposure to PCD-1 attenuated LPS-induced alterations in Ca2+ regulation. The elevated reactive oxygen species levels observed in LPS-challenged myocytes were suppressed after PCD-1 treatment. The protein levels of NF-κB and IL-6 increased following LPS treatment. Decreased sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a protein levels were observed in LPS-challenged cardiomyocytes. PCD-1 modulates LPS-induced alterations in inflammatory and Ca2+ regulatory protein levels. Our results suggest that PCD-1 modulates LPS-induced alterations in intracellular Ca2+ and Na + homeostasis, reactive oxygen species production, and the NF-κB inflammatory pathway in atrial cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Han Liu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804201, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80284, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804201, Taiwan; Institute of BioPharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804201, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nien Huo
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Sung Tsai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Dewenter M, Seitz T, Steinbrecher JH, Westenbrink BD, Ling H, Lehnart SE, Wehrens XH, Backs J, Brown JH, Maier LS, Neef S. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase IIδC-induced chronic heart failure does not depend on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ leak. ESC Heart Fail 2024; 11:2191-2199. [PMID: 38616546 PMCID: PMC11287324 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Hyperactivity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has emerged as a central cause of pathologic remodelling in heart failure. It has been suggested that CaMKII-induced hyperphosphorylation of the ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) and consequently increased diastolic Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is a crucial mechanism by which increased CaMKII activity leads to contractile dysfunction. We aim to evaluate the relevance of CaMKII-dependent RyR2 phosphorylation for CaMKII-induced heart failure development in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS We crossbred CaMKIIδC overexpressing [transgenic (TG)] mice with RyR2-S2814A knock-in mice that are resistant to CaMKII-dependent RyR2 phosphorylation. Ca2+-spark measurements on isolated ventricular myocytes confirmed the severe diastolic SR Ca2+ leak previously reported in CaMKIIδC TG [4.65 ± 0.73 mF/F0 vs. 1.88 ± 0.30 mF/F0 in wild type (WT)]. Crossing in the S2814A mutation completely prevented SR Ca2+-leak induction in the CaMKIIδC TG, both regarding Ca2+-spark size and frequency, demonstrating that the CaMKIIδC-induced SR Ca2+ leak entirely depends on the CaMKII-specific RyR2-S2814 phosphorylation. Yet, the RyR2-S2814A mutation did not affect the massive contractile dysfunction (ejection fraction = 12.17 ± 2.05% vs. 45.15 ± 3.46% in WT), cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight/tibia length = 24.84 ± 3.00 vs. 9.81 ± 0.50 mg/mm in WT), or severe premature mortality (median survival of 12 weeks) associated with cardiac CaMKIIδC overexpression. In the face of a prevented SR Ca2+ leak, the phosphorylation status of other critical CaMKII downstream targets that can drive heart failure, including transcriptional regulator histone deacetylase 4, as well as markers of pathological gene expression including Xirp2, Il6, and Col1a1, was equally increased in hearts from CaMKIIδC TG on a RyR WT and S2814A background. CONCLUSIONS S2814 phosphoresistance of RyR2 prevents the CaMKII-dependent SR Ca2+ leak induction but does not prevent the cardiomyopathic phenotype caused by enhanced CaMKIIδC activity. Our data indicate that additional mechanisms-independent of SR Ca2+ leak-are critical for the maladaptive effects of chronically increased CaMKIIδC activity with respect to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Dewenter
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Institute of Experimental CardiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine 8Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenHeidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenGermany
| | - Tilmann Seitz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenHeidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenGermany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG)Georg August University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Julia H. Steinbrecher
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenHeidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenGermany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG)Georg August University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - B. Daan Westenbrink
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of California San DiegoSan DiegoCAUSA
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Haiyun Ling
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of California San DiegoSan DiegoCAUSA
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research FoundationSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - Stephan E. Lehnart
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenHeidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenGermany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG)Georg August University of GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Xander H.T. Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
| | - Johannes Backs
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Institute of Experimental CardiologyHeidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine 8Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergGermany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Sites Heidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenHeidelberg/Mannheim and GöttingenGermany
- Molecular Medicine Partnership UnitHeidelberg University & EMBLHeidelbergGermany
- Helmholtz Institute for Translational AngioCardioScience (HI‐TAC)—a branch of the MDC at Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergGermany
| | - Joan Heller Brown
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of California San DiegoSan DiegoCAUSA
| | - Lars S. Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine IIUniversity Hospital RegensburgFranz‐Josef‐Strauss‐Allee 11RegensburgGermany
| | - Stefan Neef
- Department of Internal Medicine IIUniversity Hospital RegensburgFranz‐Josef‐Strauss‐Allee 11RegensburgGermany
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11
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Aromolaran KA, Corbin A, Aromolaran AS. Obesity Arrhythmias: Role of IL-6 Trans-Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8407. [PMID: 39125976 PMCID: PMC11313575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease that is rapidly increasing in prevalence and affects more than 600 million adults worldwide, and this figure is estimated to increase by at least double by 2030. In the United States, more than one-third of the adult population is either overweight or obese. The global obesity epidemic is a major risk factor for the development of life-threatening arrhythmias occurring in patients with long QT, particularly in conditions where multiple heart-rate-corrected QT-interval-prolonging mechanisms are simultaneously present. In obesity, excess dietary fat in adipose tissue stimulates the release of immunomodulatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, leading to a state of chronic inflammation in patients. Over the last decade, increasing evidence has been found to support IL-6 signaling as a powerful predictor of the severity of heart diseases and increased risk for ventricular arrhythmias. IL-6's pro-inflammatory effects are mediated via trans-signaling and may represent a novel arrhythmogenic risk factor in obese hearts. The first selective inhibitor of IL-6 trans-signaling, olamkicept, has shown encouraging results in phase II clinical studies for inflammatory bowel disease. Nevertheless, the connection between IL-6 trans-signaling and obesity-linked ventricular arrhythmias remains unexplored. Therefore, understanding how IL-6 trans-signaling elicits a cellular pro-arrhythmic phenotype and its use as an anti-arrhythmic target in a model of obesity remain unmet clinical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Aromolaran
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (K.A.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Corbin
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (K.A.A.); (A.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Ademuyiwa S. Aromolaran
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA; (K.A.A.); (A.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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12
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Corbin A, Aromolaran KA, Aromolaran AS. STAT4 Mediates IL-6 Trans-Signaling Arrhythmias in High Fat Diet Guinea Pig Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7813. [PMID: 39063055 PMCID: PMC11277091 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of life-threatening malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VT) and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Risks may be highest for patients with high levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6. We used our guinea pig model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced arrhythmias that exhibit a heightened proinflammatory-like pathology, which is also observed in human obesity arrhythmias, as well as immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy approaches to evaluate the pathological IL-6 trans-signaling function and explore the underlying mechanisms. Using blind-stick and electrocardiogram (ECG) techniques, we tested the hypothesis that heightened IL-6 trans-signaling would exhibit increased ventricular arrhythmia/SCD incidence and underlying arrhythmia substrates. Remarkably, compared to low-fat diet (LFD)-fed controls, HFD promoted phosphorylation of the IL-6 signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4), leading to its activation and enhanced nuclear translocation of pSTAT4/STAT4 compared to LFD controls and pSTAT3/STAT3 nuclear expression. Overactivation of IL-6 trans-signaling in guinea pigs prolonged the QT interval, which resulted in greater susceptibility to arrhythmias/SCD with isoproterenol challenge, as also observed with the downstream Janus kinase (JAK) 2 activator. These findings may have potentially profound implications for more effective arrhythmia therapy in the vulnerable obese patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Corbin
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (A.C.); (K.A.A.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Kelly A. Aromolaran
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (A.C.); (K.A.A.)
| | - Ademuyiwa S. Aromolaran
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute (CVRTI), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; (A.C.); (K.A.A.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nutrition & Integrative Physiology, Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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13
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Engstrom N, Letson HL, Ng K, Dobson GP. Ventriculo-arterial (VA) coupling and fQRS as new selection criteria for primary prevention ICD placement. Intensive Care Med Exp 2024; 12:62. [PMID: 38976112 PMCID: PMC11231105 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-024-00642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
For decades, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF < 35%) has been a mainstay for identifying heart failure (HF) patients most likely to benefit from an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). However, LVEF is a poor predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and ignores 50% of HF patients with mildly reduced and preserved LVEF. The current international guidelines for primary prophylaxis ICD therapy are inadequate. Instead of LVEF, which is not a good measure of LV contractility or hemodynamic characterization, we hypothesize ventriculo-arterial (VA) coupling combined with fragmented QRS (fQRS) will improve risk stratification and patient suitability for an ICD. Quantifying cardiac and aortic mechanics, and predicting active arrhythmogenic substrate, from varying fQRS morphologies, may help to stratify ischemic and non-ischemic patients with different functional capacities and predisposition for lethal arrhythmias. We propose HF patients with a low physiological reserve may not benefit from ICD therapy, whereas those patients with higher reserves and extensive arrhythmogenic substrate may benefit. Our hypothesis combining VA coupling with fQRS changes has the potential to widen HF patient participation (low and high LVEF) and advance personalized medicine for HF patients at high risk of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Engstrom
- Heart, Sepsis and Trauma Research Laboratory, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Cardiac Investigations, The Townsville University Hospital, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD, 4814, Australia
| | - Hayley L Letson
- Heart, Sepsis and Trauma Research Laboratory, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Kevin Ng
- Cardiology Clinic, Cairns Hospital, 165 Esplanade, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - Geoffrey P Dobson
- Heart, Sepsis and Trauma Research Laboratory, College of Medicine & Dentistry, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
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14
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Souri F, Badavi M, Dianat M, Mard A, Sarkaki A, Razliqi RN. The protective effects of gallic acid and SGK1 inhibitor on cardiac damage and genes involved in Ca2+ homeostasis in an isolated heart model of ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5207-5217. [PMID: 38252301 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02949-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Serum and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1) is an enzyme that may play a vital role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This enzyme may affect sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2), ryanodine receptor (RyR2) and sodium/calcium exchanger (NCX1) during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. The objective of this investigation was to analyze the effects of the combination of GSK650394 (SGK1 inhibitor) and gallic acid on the calcium ions regulation, inflammation, and cardiac dysfunction resulting from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the heart. Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups, pretreated with gallic acid or vehicle for 10 days. Then the heart was isolated and exposed to I/R. In the SGK1 inhibitor groups, GSK650394 was infused 5 min before ischemia induction. After that, Ca2+ homeostasis, inflammatory factors, cardiac function, antioxidant activity, and myocardial damage were evaluated. The findings suggested that the use of two drugs in combination therapy produced more significant improvements in left ventricular end diastolic pressure, left ventricular systolic pressure, RR-interval, ST-elevation, inflammation factors, and antioxidant enzymes activity as compared to the use of each drug. Despite this, there was a significant decrease observed in heart marker enzymes (including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), troponin-I (cTn-I), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) when compared to the ischemic group. Additionally, the expression of RyR2, NCX1, and SERCA2 genes showed a noteworthy increase as compared to the ischemic group. The findings of this study propose that using both of these agents on myocardial I/R injury could have superior advantages compared to using only one of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faramarz Souri
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mahin Dianat
- The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Mard
- The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- The Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Noei Razliqi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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15
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Greene D, Shiferaw Y. Identifying Key Binding Interactions Between the Cardiac L-Type Calcium Channel and Calmodulin Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:6097-6111. [PMID: 38870543 PMCID: PMC11215769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Defects in the binding of the calcium sensing protein calmodulin (CaM) to the L-type calcium channel (CaV1.2) or to the ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) can lead to dangerous cardiac arrhythmias with distinct phenotypes, such as long-QT syndrome (LQTS) and catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). Certain CaM mutations lead to LQTS while other mutations lead to CPVT, but the mechanisms by which a specific mutation can lead to each disease phenotype are not well-understood. In this study, we use long, 2 μs molecular dynamics simulations and a multitrajectory approach to identify the key binding interactions between the IQ domain of CaV1.2 and CaM. Five key interactions are found between CaV1.2 and CaM in the C-lobe, 1 in the central linker, and 2 in the N-lobe. In addition, while 5 key interactions appear between residues 120-149 in the C-lobe of CaM when it interacts with CaV1.2, only 1 key interaction is found within this region of CaM when it interacts with the RyR2. We show that this difference in the distribution of key interactions correlates with the known distribution of CaM mutations that lead to LQTS or CPVT. This correlation suggests that a disruption of key binding interactions is a plausible mechanism that can lead to these two different disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D’Artagnan Greene
- Department of Physics and
Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, California 91330-8268, United States of
America
| | - Yohannes Shiferaw
- Department of Physics and
Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, California 91330-8268, United States of
America
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16
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Xu W, Cao Y, Stephens SB, Arredondo MJ, Chen Y, Perez W, Sun L, Yu AC, Kim JJ, Lalani SR, Li N, Horrigan FT, Altamirano F, Wehrens XH, Miyake CY, Zhang L. Folate as a potential treatment for lethal ventricular arrhythmias in TANGO2-deficiency disorder. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e171005. [PMID: 38855866 PMCID: PMC11382877 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.171005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
TANGO2-deficiency disorder (TDD) is an autosomal-recessive genetic disease caused by biallelic loss-of-function variants in the TANGO2 gene. TDD-associated cardiac arrhythmias are recalcitrant to standard antiarrhythmic medications and constitute the leading cause of death. Disease modeling for TDD has been primarily carried out using human dermal fibroblast and, more recently, in Drosophila by multiple research groups. No human cardiomyocyte system has been reported, which greatly hinders the investigation and understanding of TDD-associated arrhythmias. Here, we established potentially novel patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell differentiated cardiomyocyte (iPSC-CM) models that recapitulate key electrophysiological abnormalities in TDD. These electrophysiological abnormalities were rescued in iPSC-CMs with either adenoviral expression of WT-TANGO2 or correction of the pathogenic variant using CRISPR editing. Our natural history study in patients with TDD suggests that the intake of multivitamin/B complex greatly diminished the risk of cardiac crises in patients with TDD. In agreement with the clinical findings, we demonstrated that high-dose folate (vitamin B9) virtually abolishes arrhythmias in TDD iPSC-CMs and that folate's effect was blocked by the dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor methotrexate, supporting the need for intracellular folate to mediate antiarrhythmic effects. In summary, data from TDD iPSC-CM models together with clinical observations support the use of B vitamins to mitigate cardiac crises in patients with TDD, providing potentially life-saving treatment strategies during life-threatening events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Xu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yingqiong Cao
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sara B Stephens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria Jose Arredondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yifan Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - William Perez
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Integrative Physiology
| | - Andy C Yu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jean J Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology
- Human Stem Cell Core, Advanced Technology Cores
| | - Seema R Lalani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), and
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Francisco Altamirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Xander Ht Wehrens
- Department of Integrative Physiology
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), and
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Neuroscience
- Department of Pediatrics
- Center for Space Medicine, and
| | - Christina Y Miyake
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lilei Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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17
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Zhao Y, Chakraborty P, Tomassetti J, Subha T, Massé S, Thavendiranathan P, Billia F, Lai PFH, Abdel-Qadir H, Nanthakumar K. Arrhythmogenic Ventricular Remodeling by Next-Generation Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Acalabrutinib. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6207. [PMID: 38892396 PMCID: PMC11173147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias remain a significant concern with Ibrutinib (IBR), a first-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi). Acalabrutinib (ABR), a next-generation BTKi, is associated with reduced atrial arrhythmia events. However, the role of ABR in ventricular arrhythmia (VA) has not been adequately evaluated. Our study aimed to investigate VA vulnerability and ventricular electrophysiology following chronic ABR therapy in male Sprague-Dawley rats utilizing epicardial optical mapping for ventricular voltage and Ca2+ dynamics and VA induction by electrical stimulation in ex-vivo perfused hearts. Ventricular tissues were snap-frozen for protein analysis for sarcoplasmic Ca2+ and metabolic regulatory proteins. The results show that both ABR and IBR treatments increased VA vulnerability, with ABR showing higher VA regularity index (RI). IBR, but not ABR, is associated with the abbreviation of action potential duration (APD) and APD alternans. Both IBR and ABR increased diastolic Ca2+ leak and Ca2+ alternans, reduced conduction velocity (CV), and increased CV dispersion. Decreased SERCA2a expression and AMPK phosphorylation were observed with both treatments. Our results suggest that ABR treatment also increases the risk of VA by inducing proarrhythmic changes in Ca2+ signaling and membrane electrophysiology, as seen with IBR. However, the different impacts of these two BTKi on ventricular electrophysiology may contribute to differences in VA vulnerability and distinct VA characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhao
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
| | - Praloy Chakraborty
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
| | - Julianna Tomassetti
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
| | - Tasnia Subha
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
| | - Stéphane Massé
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
| | - Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Filio Billia
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Patrick F. H. Lai
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
| | - Husam Abdel-Qadir
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, ON M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Kumaraswamy Nanthakumar
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2M1, Canada; (Y.Z.); (P.C.); (J.T.); (T.S.); (S.M.); (P.T.); (F.B.); (P.F.H.L.); (H.A.-Q.)
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18
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Zhang S, Tang S, Liu Z, Lv H, Cai X, Zhong R, Chen L, Zhang H. Baicalin restore intestinal damage after early-life antibiotic therapy: the role of the MAPK signaling pathway. Pharmacol Res 2024; 204:107194. [PMID: 38663526 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic related intestinal injury in early life affects subsequent health and susceptibility. Here, we employed weaned piglets as a model to investigate the protective effects of baicalin against early-life antibiotic exposure-induced microbial dysbiosis. Piglets exposed to lincomycin showed a marked reduction in body weight (p < 0.05) and deterioration of jejunum intestinal morphology, alongside an increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Dolosicoccus, Escherichia-Shigella, and Raoultella. In contrast, baicalin treatment resulted in body weights, intestinal morphology, and microbial profiles that closely resembled those of the control group (p > 0.05), with a significant increase in norank_f_Muribaculaceae and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group colonization compared with lincomycin group (p < 0.05). Further analysis through fecal microbial transplantation into mice revealed that lincomycin exposure led to significant alterations in intestinal morphology and microbial composition, notably increasing harmful microbes and decreasing beneficial ones such as norank_Muribaculaceae and Akkermansia (p < 0.05). This shift was associated with an increase in harmful metabolites and disruption of the calcium signaling pathway gene expression. Conversely, baicalin supplementation not only counteracted these effects but also enhanced beneficial metabolites and regulated genes within the MAPK signaling pathway (MAP3K11, MAP4K2, MAPK7, MAPK13) and calcium channel proteins (ORA13, CACNA1S, CACNA1F and CACNG8), suggesting a mechanism through which baicalin mitigates antibiotic-induced intestinal and microbial disturbances. These findings highlight baicalin's potential as a plant extract-based intervention for preventing antibiotic-related intestinal injury and offer new targets for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunfen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shanlong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhengqun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Breeding and Biotechnology, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Animal Healthy Farming, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Huiyuan Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Centre Biology Co., Ltd., Daxing District, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Xueying Cai
- Department of Critical Care, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ruqing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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19
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Zhai J, Qiu Z, Liu Y, Niu Y, Chen R, Kao X, Dong W, Kou L, Zhao G. Single-cell calcium monitoring of Caco-2 cell co-cultured with intestinal microbiome through carbon fiber based potentiometric microelectrode. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1306:342615. [PMID: 38692795 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The Caco-2 cells were used as intestinal epithelial cell model to illustrate the hyperuricemia (HUA) mechanism under the co-culture of the imbalanced intestinal microbiome in this work. The uric acid (UA) concentration in the HUA process was monitored, and could be up to 425 μmol/L at 8 h co-cultured with the imbalanced intestinal microbiome. Single-cell potentiometry based on ion-selective microelectrode was used to study extracellular calcium change, which is hypothesized to play an important role in the UA excretion. The potential signal of the calcium in the extremely limited microenvironment around single Caco-2 cell was recorded through the single-cell analysis platform. The potential signal of sharp decrease and slow increase followed within a few seconds indicates the sudden uptake and gradually excretion process of calcium through the cell membrane. Moreover, the value of the potential decrease increases with the increase of the time co-cultured with the imbalanced intestinal microbiome ranging from 0 to 8 h. The Ca2+ concentration around the cell membrane could decrease from 1.3 mM to 0.4 mM according to the potential decrease of 27.0 mV at the co-culture time of 8 h. The apoptosis ratio of the Caco-2 cells also exhibits time dependent with the co-culture of the imbalanced intestinal microbiome, and was 39.1 ± 3.6 % at the co-culture time of 8 h, which is much higher than the Caco-2 cells without any treatment (3.9 ± 2.9 %). These results firstly provide the links between the UA excretion with the apoptosis of the intestinal epithelial cell under the interaction of the imbalanced intestinal microbiome. Moreover, the apoptosis could be triggered by the calcium signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhai
- School of Special Education and Rehabilitation, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Zhedong Qiu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yushan Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yahui Niu
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Ronghua Chen
- School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Xiaomeng Kao
- School of Nursing, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Wencheng Dong
- Queen Marry School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Lijuan Kou
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, PR, 264003, China.
| | - Guangtao Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
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20
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Shorbaji A, Pushparaj PN, Bakhashab S, Al-Ghafari AB, Al-Rasheed RR, Siraj Mira L, Basabrain MA, Alsulami M, Abu Zeid IM, Naseer MI, Rasool M. Current genetic models for studying congenital heart diseases: Advantages and disadvantages. Bioinformation 2024; 20:415-429. [PMID: 39132229 PMCID: PMC11309114 DOI: 10.6026/973206300200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) encompasses a diverse range of structural and functional anomalies that affect the heart and the major blood vessels. Epidemiological studies have documented a global increase in CHD prevalence, which can be attributed to advancements in diagnostic technologies. Extensive research has identified a plethora of CHD-related genes, providing insights into the biochemical pathways and molecular mechanisms underlying this pathological state. In this review, we discuss the advantages and challenges of various In vitro and in vivo CHD models, including primates, canines, Xenopus frogs, rabbits, chicks, mice, Drosophila, zebrafish, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Primates are closely related to humans but are rare and expensive. Canine models are costly but structurally comparable to humans. Xenopus frogs are advantageous because of their generation of many embryos, ease of genetic modification, and cardiac similarity. Rabbits mimic human physiology but are challenging to genetically control. Chicks are inexpensive and simple to handle; however, cardiac events can vary among humans. Mice differ physiologically, while being evolutionarily close and well-resourced. Drosophila has genes similar to those of humans but different heart structures. Zebrafish have several advantages, including high gene conservation in humans and physiological cardiac similarities but limitations in cross-reactivity with mammalian antibodies, gene duplication, and limited embryonic stem cells for reverse genetic methods. iPSCs have the potential for gene editing, but face challenges in terms of 2D structure and genomic stability. CRISPR-Cas9 allows for genetic correction but requires high technical skills and resources. These models have provided valuable knowledge regarding cardiac development, disease simulation, and the verification of genetic factors. This review highlights the distinct features of various models with respect to their biological characteristics, vulnerability to developing specific heart diseases, approaches employed to induce particular conditions, and the comparability of these species to humans. Therefore, the selection of appropriate models is based on research objectives, ultimately leading to an enhanced comprehension of disease pathology and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Shorbaji
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherin Bakhashab
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayat B Al-Ghafari
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana R Al-Rasheed
- Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahad research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Loubna Siraj Mira
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Abdullah Basabrain
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Alsulami
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Isam M Abu Zeid
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Rasool
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Xie L, Huang B, Zhao X, Zhu N. Exploring the mechanisms underlying effects of bisphenol a on cardiovascular disease by network toxicology and molecular docking. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31473. [PMID: 38813174 PMCID: PMC11133888 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has emerged as a leading cause of mortality. Bisphenol A (BPA), recognized as one of the most prevalent and widely distributed endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has been consistently linked to the progression of CVD. This research centers on unraveling the molecular mechanisms responsible for the toxic effects of BPA exposure on CVD. Key targets and pathways involved in action of BPA on CVD were investigated by network toxicology. Binding abilities of BPA to core targets were evaluated by molecular docking. Methods and results Based on information retrieved from ChEMBL, DrugBank, and OMIM databases, a total of 27 potential targets were found to be associated with the influence of BPA on CVD. Furthermore, the STRING and Cytoscape software were employed to identify three central genes-ESR1, PPARG, and PTGS2-and to construct both the protein-protein interaction network and an interaction diagram of potential targets. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses via WebGestalt revealed key biological processes (BP), cellular components (CC), molecular functions (MF), and pathways, such as the calcium signaling pathway, inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels, gap junction, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, and cAMP signaling pathway, predominantly involved in BPA-induced CVD toxicity. By using molecular docking investigations, it proved that BPA binds to ESR1, PPARG, and PTGS2 steadily and strongly. Conclusion This study not only establishes a theoretical framework for understanding the molecular toxicity mechanism of BPA in cardiovascular disease (CVD) but also introduces an innovative network toxicology approach to methodically investigate the influence of environmental contaminants on CVD. This methodology sets the stage for drug discovery efforts targeting CVD linked to exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Bingwu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xuyong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, China
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22
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Shi Q, Malik H, Crawford RM, Streeter J, Wang J, Huo R, Shih JC, Chen B, Hall D, Abel ED, Song LS, Anderson EJ. Cardiac monoamine oxidase-A inhibition protects against catecholamine-induced ventricular arrhythmias via enhanced diastolic calcium control. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:596-611. [PMID: 38198753 PMCID: PMC11074799 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS A mechanistic link between depression and risk of arrhythmias could be attributed to altered catecholamine metabolism in the heart. Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A), a key enzyme involved in catecholamine metabolism and longstanding antidepressant target, is highly expressed in the myocardium. The present study aimed to elucidate the functional significance and underlying mechanisms of cardiac MAO-A in arrhythmogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Analysis of the TriNetX database revealed that depressed patients treated with MAO inhibitors had a lower risk of arrhythmias compared with those treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. This effect was phenocopied in mice with cardiomyocyte-specific MAO-A deficiency (cMAO-Adef), which showed a significant reduction in both incidence and duration of catecholamine stress-induced ventricular tachycardia compared with wild-type mice. Additionally, cMAO-Adef cardiomyocytes exhibited altered Ca2+ handling under catecholamine stimulation, with increased diastolic Ca2+ reuptake, reduced diastolic Ca2+ leak, and diminished systolic Ca2+ release. Mechanistically, cMAO-Adef hearts had reduced catecholamine levels under sympathetic stress, along with reduced levels of reactive oxygen species and protein carbonylation, leading to decreased oxidation of Type II PKA and CaMKII. These changes potentiated phospholamban (PLB) phosphorylation, thereby enhancing diastolic Ca2+ reuptake, while reducing ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) phosphorylation to decrease diastolic Ca2+ leak. Consequently, cMAO-Adef hearts exhibited lower diastolic Ca2+ levels and fewer arrhythmogenic Ca2+ waves during sympathetic overstimulation. CONCLUSION Cardiac MAO-A inhibition exerts an anti-arrhythmic effect by enhancing diastolic Ca2+ handling under catecholamine stress.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2/metabolism
- Catecholamines/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Diastole/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism
- Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/enzymology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology
- Phosphorylation
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/metabolism
- Tachycardia, Ventricular/enzymology
- Tachycardia, Ventricular/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hamza Malik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Rachel M Crawford
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 180 S Grand Ave., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jennifer Streeter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jinxi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ran Huo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 180 S Grand Ave., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jean C Shih
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Biyi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Duane Hall
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, CBRB 2267285, Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, CBRB 2267285, Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Long-Sheng Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, CBRB 2267285, Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ethan J Anderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 180 S Grand Ave., Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, CBRB 2267285, Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Rd, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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23
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Chen C, Liu Y, Yang S, Chen M, Liao J. A bibliometric and visual analysis of research trends and hotspots of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37969. [PMID: 38701258 PMCID: PMC11062727 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHCM) is an inherited cardiac disease caused by mutations of sarcomere proteins and can be the underlining substrate for major cardiovascular events. Early identification and diagnosis of FHCM are essential to reduce sudden cardiac death. So, this paper summarized the current knowledge on FHCM, and displayed the analysis via bibliometrics method. The relevant literature on FHCM were screened searched via the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2012 to 2022. The literatures were was summarized and analyzed via the bibliometrics method analyzed via CiteSpace and VOSviewer according to topic categories, distribution of spatiotemporal omics and authors, as well as references. Since 2012, there are 909 research articles and reviews related to FHCM. The number of publication for the past 10 years have shown that the development of FHCM research has been steady, with the largest amount of literature in 2012. The most published papers were from the United States, followed by the United Kingdom and Italy. The University of London (63 papers) was the institution that published the most research articles, followed by Harvard University (45 papers) and University College London (45 papers). Keywords formed 3 clusters, focused on the pathogenesis of FHCM, the diagnosis of FHCM, FHCM complications, respectively. The bibliometric analysis and visualization techniques employed herein highlight key trends and focal points in the field, predominantly centered around FHCM's pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and its complications. These insights are instrumental in steering future research directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Songwei Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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24
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Márquez-Nogueras KM, Bovo E, Neczypor JE, Cao Q, Zima AV, Kuo IY. Utilization of the genetically encoded calcium indicator Salsa6F in cardiac applications. Cell Calcium 2024; 119:102873. [PMID: 38537433 PMCID: PMC11018326 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Calcium signaling is a critical process required for cellular mechanisms such as cardiomyocyte contraction. The inability of the cell to properly activate or regulate calcium signaling can lead to contractile dysfunction. In isolated cardiomyocytes, calcium signaling has been primarily studied using calcium fluorescent dyes, however these dyes have limited applicability to whole organs. Here, we crossed the Salsa6f mouse which expresses a genetically encoded ratiometric cytosolic calcium indicator with a cardiomyocyte specific inducible cre to temporally-induce expression and studied cytosolic calcium transients in isolated cardiomyocytes and modified Langendorff heart preparations. Isolated cardiomyocytes expressing Salsa6f or Fluo-4AM loaded were compared. We also crossed the Salsa6f mouse with a floxed Polycystin 2 (PC2) mouse to test the feasibility of using the Salsa6f mouse to measure calcium transients in PC2 heterozygous or homozygous knock out mice. Although there are caveats in the applicability of the Salsa6f mouse, there are clear advantages to using the Salsa6f mouse to measure whole heart calcium signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla M Márquez-Nogueras
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Elisa Bovo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Jacy E Neczypor
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Quan Cao
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Aleksey V Zima
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Ivana Y Kuo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Ave, Maywood, IL, USA.
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25
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Quinn CJ, Cartwright EJ, Trafford AW, Dibb KM. On the role of dysferlin in striated muscle: membrane repair, t-tubules and Ca 2+ handling. J Physiol 2024; 602:1893-1910. [PMID: 38615232 DOI: 10.1113/jp285103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysferlin is a 237 kDa membrane-associated protein characterised by multiple C2 domains with a diverse role in skeletal and cardiac muscle physiology. Mutations in DYSF are known to cause various types of human muscular dystrophies, known collectively as dysferlinopathies, with some patients developing cardiomyopathy. A myriad of in vitro membrane repair studies suggest that dysferlin plays an integral role in the membrane repair complex in skeletal muscle. In comparison, less is known about dysferlin in the heart, but mounting evidence suggests that dysferlin's role is similar in both muscle types. Recent findings have shown that dysferlin regulates Ca2+ handling in striated muscle via multiple mechanisms and that this becomes more important in conditions of stress. Maintenance of the transverse (t)-tubule network and the tight coordination of excitation-contraction coupling are essential for muscle contractility. Dysferlin regulates the maintenance and repair of t-tubules, and it is suspected that dysferlin regulates t-tubules and sarcolemmal repair through a similar mechanism. This review focuses on the emerging complexity of dysferlin's activity in striated muscle. Such insights will progress our understanding of the proteins and pathways that regulate basic heart and skeletal muscle function and help guide research into striated muscle pathology, especially that which arises due to dysferlin dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Quinn
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - E J Cartwright
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - A W Trafford
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
| | - K M Dibb
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, 3.14 Core Technology Facility, Manchester, UK
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26
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Lin AE, Bapat AC, Xiao L, Niroula A, Ye J, Wong WJ, Agrawal M, Farady CJ, Boettcher A, Hergott CB, McConkey M, Flores-Bringas P, Shkolnik V, Bick AG, Milan D, Natarajan P, Libby P, Ellinor PT, Ebert BL. Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential With Loss of Tet2 Enhances Risk for Atrial Fibrillation Through Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation. Circulation 2024; 149:1419-1434. [PMID: 38357791 PMCID: PMC11058018 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), a common age-associated phenomenon, associates with increased risk of both hematological malignancy and cardiovascular disease. Although CHIP is known to increase the risk of myocardial infarction and heart failure, the influence of CHIP in cardiac arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation (AF), is less explored. METHODS CHIP prevalence was determined in the UK Biobank, and incident AF analysis was stratified by CHIP status and clone size using Cox proportional hazard models. Lethally irradiated mice were transplanted with hematopoietic-specific loss of Tet2, hematopoietic-specific loss of Tet2 and Nlrp3, or wild-type control and fed a Western diet, compounded with or without NLRP3 (NLR [NACHT, LRR {leucine rich repeat}] family pyrin domain containing protein 3) inhibitor, NP3-361, for 6 to 9 weeks. Mice underwent in vivo invasive electrophysiology studies and ex vivo optical mapping. Cardiomyocytes from Ldlr-/- mice with hematopoietic-specific loss of Tet2 or wild-type control and fed a Western diet were isolated to evaluate calcium signaling dynamics and analysis. Cocultures of pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial cardiomyocytes were incubated with Tet2-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages, wild-type control, or cytokines IL-1β (interleukin 1β) or IL-6 (interleukin 6). RESULTS Analysis of the UK Biobank showed individuals with CHIP, in particular TET2 CHIP, have increased incident AF. Hematopoietic-specific inactivation of Tet2 increases AF propensity in atherogenic and nonatherogenic mouse models and is associated with increased Nlrp3 expression and CaMKII (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II) activation, with AF susceptibility prevented by inactivation of Nlrp3. Cardiomyocytes isolated from Ldlr-/- mice with hematopoietic inactivation of Tet2 and fed a Western diet have impaired calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol, contributing to atrial arrhythmogenesis. Abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release was recapitulated in cocultures of cardiomyocytes with the addition of Tet2-deficient macrophages or cytokines IL-1β or IL-6. CONCLUSIONS We identified a modest association between CHIP, particularly TET2 CHIP, and incident AF in the UK Biobank population. In a mouse model of AF resulting from hematopoietic-specific inactivation of Tet2, we propose altered calcium handling as an arrhythmogenic mechanism, dependent on Nlrp3 inflammasome activation. Our data are in keeping with previous studies of CHIP in cardiovascular disease, and further studies into the therapeutic potential of NLRP3 inhibition for individuals with TET2 CHIP may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Erica Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.E.L., P.L.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Aneesh C. Bapat
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Demoulas Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.C.B., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Ling Xiao
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Abhishek Niroula
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sweden (A.N.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, Sweden (A.N.)
| | - Jiangchuan Ye
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Waihay J. Wong
- Department of Pathology (W.J.W., C.B.H.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Mridul Agrawal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Christopher J. Farady
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Forum 1, Basel, Switzerland (C.J.F., A.B.)
| | - Andreas Boettcher
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Forum 1, Basel, Switzerland (C.J.F., A.B.)
| | - Christopher B. Hergott
- Department of Pathology (W.J.W., C.B.H.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Marie McConkey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Patricio Flores-Bringas
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Veronica Shkolnik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
| | - Alexander G. Bick
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (A.G.B.)
| | - David Milan
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Leducq Foundation, Boston, MA (D.M.)
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Peter Libby
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.E.L., P.L.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Patrick T. Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Research Center (A.C.B., L.X., J.Y., D.M., P.N., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Demoulas Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (A.C.B., P.T.E.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
| | - Benjamin L. Ebert
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (A.E.L., A.N., M.A., C.B.H., M.M.C., V.S., B.L.E.)
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge (L.X., A.N., J.Y., P.F.-B., P.N., P.T.E., B.L.E.)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA (B.L.E.)
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Lewis J, Yaseen B, Saraf A. Novel 2D/3D Hybrid Organoid System for High-Throughput Drug Screening in iPSC Cardiomyocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.29.591754. [PMID: 38746465 PMCID: PMC11092641 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.29.591754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) allow for high-throughput evaluation of cardiomyocyte (CM) physiology in health and disease. While multimodality testing provides a large breadth of information related to electrophysiology, contractility, and intracellular signaling in small populations of iPSC-CMs, current technologies for analyzing these parameters are expensive and resource-intensive. We sought to design a 2D/3D hybrid organoid system and harness optical imaging techniques to assess electromechanical properties, calcium dynamics, and signal propagation across CMs in a high-throughput manner. We validated our methods using a doxorubicin-based system, as the drug has well-characterized cardiotoxic, pro-arrhythmic effects. hiPSCs were differentiated into CMs, assembled into organoids, and thereafter treated with doxorubicin. The organoids were then replated to form a hybrid 2D/3D iPSC-CM construct where the 3D cardiac organoids acted as the source of electromechanical activity which propagated outwards into a 2D iPSC-CM sheet. The organoid recapitulated cardiac structure and connectivity, while 2D CMs facilitated analysis at an individual cellular level which recreated numerous doxorubicin-induced electrophysiologic and propagation abnormalities. Thus, we have developed a novel 2D/3D hybrid organoid model that employs an integrated optical analysis platform to provide a reliable high-throughput method for studying cardiotoxicity, providing valuable data on calcium, contractility, and signal propagation.
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28
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Neeman-Egozi S, Livneh I, Dolgopyat I, Nussinovitch U, Milman H, Cohen N, Eisen B, Ciechanover A, Binah O. Stress-Induced Proteasome Sub-Cellular Translocation in Cardiomyocytes Causes Altered Intracellular Calcium Handling and Arrhythmias. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4932. [PMID: 38732146 PMCID: PMC11084437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is an essential mechanism responsible for the selective degradation of substrate proteins via their conjugation with ubiquitin. Since cardiomyocytes have very limited self-renewal capacity, as they are prone to protein damage due to constant mechanical and metabolic stress, the UPS has a key role in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. While altered proteasomal activity contributes to a variety of cardiac pathologies, such as heart failure and ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), the environmental cues affecting its activity are still unknown, and they are the focus of this work. Following a recent study by Ciechanover's group showing that amino acid (AA) starvation in cultured cancer cell lines modulates proteasome intracellular localization and activity, we tested two hypotheses in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs, CMs): (i) AA starvation causes proteasome translocation in CMs, similarly to the observation in cultured cancer cell lines; (ii) manipulation of subcellular proteasomal compartmentalization is associated with electrophysiological abnormalities in the form of arrhythmias, mediated via altered intracellular Ca2+ handling. The major findings are: (i) starving CMs to AAs results in proteasome translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, while supplementation with the aromatic amino acids tyrosine (Y), tryptophan (W) and phenylalanine (F) (YWF) inhibits the proteasome recruitment; (ii) AA-deficient treatments cause arrhythmias; (iii) the arrhythmias observed upon nuclear proteasome sequestration(-AA+YWF) are blocked by KB-R7943, an inhibitor of the reverse mode of the sodium-calcium exchanger NCX; (iv) the retrograde perfusion of isolated rat hearts with AA starvation media is associated with arrhythmias. Collectively, our novel findings describe a newly identified mechanism linking the UPS to arrhythmia generation in CMs and whole hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunit Neeman-Egozi
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3190601, Israel; (S.N.-E.); (B.E.)
| | - Ido Livneh
- The Rappaport-Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC) and The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 319060, Israel; (I.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Irit Dolgopyat
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3190601, Israel; (S.N.-E.); (B.E.)
| | - Udi Nussinovitch
- Department of Cardiology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon 5822012, Israel
- The Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Helena Milman
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3190601, Israel; (S.N.-E.); (B.E.)
| | - Nadav Cohen
- The Rappaport-Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC) and The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 319060, Israel; (I.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Binyamin Eisen
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3190601, Israel; (S.N.-E.); (B.E.)
| | - Aaron Ciechanover
- The Rappaport-Technion Integrated Cancer Center (R-TICC) and The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 319060, Israel; (I.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Ofer Binah
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3190601, Israel; (S.N.-E.); (B.E.)
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29
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Pironet A, Vandewiele F, Vennekens R. Exploring the role of TRPM4 in calcium-dependent triggered activity and cardiac arrhythmias. J Physiol 2024; 602:1605-1621. [PMID: 37128952 DOI: 10.1113/jp283831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias pose a major threat to a patient's health, yet prove to be often difficult to predict, prevent and treat. A key mechanism in the occurrence of arrhythmias is disturbed Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiac muscle cells. As a Ca2+-activated non-selective cation channel, TRPM4 has been linked to Ca2+-induced arrhythmias, potentially contributing to translating an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration into membrane depolarisation and an increase in cellular excitability. Indeed, evidence from genetically modified mice, analysis of mutations in human patients and the identification of a TRPM4 blocking compound that can be applied in vivo further underscore this hypothesis. Here, we provide an overview of these data in the context of our current understanding of Ca2+-dependent arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Pironet
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frone Vandewiele
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rudi Vennekens
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB Centre for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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30
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Zhou JB, Qian LL, Wu D, Wang RX. The Role of Ferroptosis in Atrial Fibrillation: A Promising Future. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:127. [PMID: 39076535 PMCID: PMC11264045 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2504127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common cardiac arrhythmias, with its diagnosis being closely tied to higher rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. AF is associated with a range of dangerous complications including stroke and heart failure, making it a key driver of healthcare spending and a major threat to global public health. The precise mechanisms that govern AF incidence and the onset of related complications, however, remain uncertain. Ferroptotic cell death has been the focus of rising interest in the cardiac arrhythmias, and there is recent evidence supporting a role for atrial ferroptosis as a mediator of AF development. Interventional strategies focused on ferroptotic activity, such as novel ferroptosis inhibitors, have also shown promise as a means of protecting against AF through their ability to reduce iron overload. In this review, we provide a summary of the proposed mechanisms whereby ferroptosis contributes to the pathophysiology of AF and their therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing
Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical
University, 214023 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling-Ling Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing
Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical
University, 214023 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing
Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical
University, 214023 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ru-Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing
Medical University, Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical
University, 214023 Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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31
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Ma J, Ross L, Grube C, Wang HS. Toxicity of low dose bisphenols in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and human cardiac organoids - Impact on contractile function and hypertrophy. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141567. [PMID: 38417488 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogs are common environmental chemicals with various adverse health impacts, including cardiac toxicity. In this study, we examined the long term effect of low dose BPA and three common BPA analogs, bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF), in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) based models. HiPSC-CMs and human cardiac organoids were exposed to these chemicals for 4-5 or 20 days. 1 nM BPA, BPS, and BPAF, but not BPF, resulted in suppressed myocyte contractility, retarded contraction kinetics, and aberrant Ca2+ transients in hiPSC-CMs. In cardiac organoids, BPAF and BPA, but not the other bisphenols, resulted in suppressed contraction and Ca2+ transients, and aberrant contraction kinetics. The order of toxicities was BPAF > BPA>∼BPS > BPF and the toxicities of BPAF and BPA were more pronounced under longer exposure. The impact of BPAF on myocyte contraction and Ca2+ handling was mediated by reduction of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load and inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channel involving alternation of Ca2+ handling proteins. Impaired myocyte Ca2+ handling plays a key role in cardiac pathophysiology and is a characteristic of cardiac hypertrophy; therefore we examined the potential pro-hypertrophic cardiotoxicity of these bisphenols. Four to five day exposure to BPAF did not cause hypertrophy in normal hiPSC-CMs, but significantly exacerbated the hypertrophic phenotype in myocytes with existing hypertrophy induced by endothelin-1, characterized by increased cell size and elevated expression of the hypertrophic marker proBNP. This pro-hypertrophic cardiotoxicity was also occurred in cardiac organoids, with BPAF having the strongest toxicity, followed by BPA. Our findings demonstrate that long term exposures to BPA and some of its analogs cause contractile dysfunction and abnormal Ca2+ handling, and have potential pro-hypertrophic cardiotoxicity in human heart cells/tissues, and suggest that some bisphenol chemicals may be a risk factor for cardiac hypertrophy in human hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA.
| | - Leah Ross
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Christian Grube
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
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32
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Zhang X, Wu Y, Smith C, Louch WE, Morotti S, Dobrev D, Grandi E, Ni H. Enhanced Ca2+-Driven Arrhythmias in Female Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: Insights from Computational Modeling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.04.583217. [PMID: 38496584 PMCID: PMC10942295 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.583217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Substantial sex-based differences have been reported in atrial fibrillation (AF), with female patients experiencing worse symptoms, increased complications from drug side effects or ablation, and elevated risk of AF-related stroke and mortality. Recent studies revealed sex-specific alterations in AF-associated Ca2+ dysregulation, whereby female cardiomyocytes more frequently exhibit potentially proarrhythmic Ca2+-driven instabilities compared to male cardiomyocytes. In this study, we aim to gain a mechanistic understanding of the Ca2+-handling disturbances and Ca2+-driven arrhythmogenic events in males vs females and establish their responses to Ca2+-targeted interventions. METHODS AND RESULTS We incorporated known sex differences and AF-associated changes in the expression and phosphorylation of key Ca2+-handling proteins and in ultrastructural properties and dimensions of atrial cardiomyocytes into our recently developed 3D atrial cardiomyocyte model that couples electrophysiology with spatially detailed Ca2+-handling processes. Our simulations of quiescent cardiomyocytes show increased incidence of Ca2+ sparks in female vs male myocytes in AF, in agreement with previous experimental reports. Additionally, our female model exhibited elevated propensity to develop pacing-induced spontaneous Ca2+ releases (SCRs) and augmented beat-to-beat variability in action potential (AP)-elicited Ca2+ transients compared with the male model. Parameter sensitivity analysis uncovered precise arrhythmogenic contributions of each component that was implicated in sex and/or AF alterations. Specifically, increased ryanodine receptor phosphorylation in female AF cardiomyocytes emerged as the major SCR contributor, while reduced L-type Ca2+ current was protective against SCRs for male AF cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, simulations of tentative Ca2+-targeted interventions identified potential strategies to attenuate Ca2+-driven arrhythmogenic events in female atria (e.g., t-tubule restoration, and inhibition of ryanodine receptor and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase), and revealed enhanced efficacy when applied in combination. CONCLUSIONS Our sex-specific computational models of human atrial cardiomyocytes uncover increased propensity to Ca2+-driven arrhythmogenic events in female compared to male atrial cardiomyocytes in AF, and point to combined Ca2+-targeted interventions as promising approaches to treat AF in female patients. Our study establishes that AF treatment may benefit from sex-dependent strategies informed by sex-specific mechanisms.
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Colman MA, Varela M, MacLeod RS, Hancox JC, Aslanidi OV. Interactions between calcium-induced arrhythmia triggers and the electrophysiological-anatomical substrate underlying the induction of atrial fibrillation. J Physiol 2024; 602:835-853. [PMID: 38372694 DOI: 10.1113/jp285740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is sustained by spontaneous focal excitations and re-entry. Spontaneous electrical firing in the pulmonary vein (PV) sleeves is implicated in AF generation. The aim of this simulation study was to identify the mechanisms determining the localisation of AF triggers in the PVs and their contribution to the genesis of AF. A novel biophysical model of the canine atria was used that integrates stochastic, spontaneous subcellular Ca2+ release events (SCRE) with regional electrophysiological heterogeneity in ionic properties and a detailed three-dimensional model of atrial anatomy, microarchitecture and patchy fibrosis. Simulations highlighted the importance of the smaller inward rectifier potassium current (IK1 ) in PV cells compared to the surrounding atria, which enabled SCRE more readily to result in delayed-afterdepolarisations that induced triggered activity. There was a leftward shift in the dependence of the probability of triggered activity on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ load. This feature was accentuated in 3D tissue compared to single cells (Δ half-maximal [Ca2+ ]SR = 58 μM vs. 22 μM). In 3D atria incorporating electrical heterogeneity, excitations preferentially emerged from the PV region. These triggered focal excitations resulted in transient re-entry in the left atrium. Addition of fibrotic patches promoted localised emergence of focal excitations and wavebreaks that had a more substantial impact on generating AF-like patterns than the PVs. Thus, a reduced IK1 , less negative resting membrane potential, and fibrosis-induced changes of the electrotonic load all contribute to the emergence of complex excitation patterns from spontaneous focal triggers. KEY POINTS: Focal excitations in the atria are most commonly associated with the pulmonary veins, but the mechanisms for this localisation are yet to be elucidated. We applied a multi-scale computational modelling approach to elucidate the mechanisms underlying such localisations. Myocytes in the pulmonary vein region of the atria have a less negative resting membrane potential and reduced time-independent potassium current; we demonstrate that both of these factors promote triggered activity in single cells and tissues. The less negative resting membrane potential also contributes to heterogeneous inactivation of the fast sodium current, which can enable re-entrant-like excitation patterns to emerge without traditional conduction block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Colman
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Marta Varela
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Rob S MacLeod
- The Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jules C Hancox
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Oleg V Aslanidi
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Curaj A, Vanholder R, Loscalzo J, Quach K, Wu Z, Jankowski V, Jankowski J. Cardiovascular Consequences of Uremic Metabolites: an Overview of the Involved Signaling Pathways. Circ Res 2024; 134:592-613. [PMID: 38422175 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The crosstalk of the heart with distant organs such as the lung, liver, gut, and kidney has been intensively approached lately. The kidney is involved in (1) the production of systemic relevant products, such as renin, as part of the most essential vasoregulatory system of the human body, and (2) in the clearance of metabolites with systemic and organ effects. Metabolic residue accumulation during kidney dysfunction is known to determine cardiovascular pathologies such as endothelial activation/dysfunction, atherosclerosis, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, cardiac fibrosis, and vascular and valvular calcification, leading to hypertension, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and cardiomyopathies. However, this review offers an overview of the uremic metabolites and details their signaling pathways involved in cardiorenal syndrome and the development of heart failure. A holistic view of the metabolites, but more importantly, an exhaustive crosstalk of their known signaling pathways, is important for depicting new therapeutic strategies in the cardiovascular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Curaj
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
| | - Raymond Vanholder
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Nephrology Section, University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium (R.V.)
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.L.)
| | - Kaiseng Quach
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
| | - Zhuojun Wu
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
| | - Vera Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute of Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (A.C., K.Q., Z.W., V.J., J.J.)
- Experimental Vascular Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.J.)
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Cardiorenal Disease, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany (J.J.)
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Zaher W, Della Rocca DG, Pannone L, Boveda S, de Asmundis C, Chierchia GB, Sorgente A. Anti-Arrhythmic Effects of Heart Failure Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy and Their Role in the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death: From Beta-Blockers to Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Beyond. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1316. [PMID: 38592135 PMCID: PMC10931968 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) accounts for a substantial proportion of mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), frequently triggered by ventricular arrhythmias (VA). This review aims to analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying VA and SCD in HFrEF and evaluate the effectiveness of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) in reducing SCD. Beta-blockers, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have shown significant efficacy in reducing SCD risk. While angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers exert beneficial impacts on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, their direct role in SCD prevention remains less clear. Emerging treatments like sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors show promise but necessitate further research for conclusive evidence. The favorable outcomes of those molecules on VA are notably attributable to sympathetic nervous system modulation, structural remodeling attenuation, and ion channel stabilization. A multidimensional pharmacological approach targeting those pathophysiological mechanisms offers a complete and synergy approach to reducing SCD risk, thereby highlighting the importance of optimizing GDMT for HFrEF. The current landscape of HFrEF pharmacotherapy is evolving, with ongoing research needed to clarify the full extent of the anti-arrhythmic benefits offered by both existing and new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Zaher
- Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier EpiCURA, Route de Mons 63, 7301 Hornu, Belgium;
| | - Domenico Giovanni Della Rocca
- Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, European Reference Networks Guard-Heart, Laarbeeklan 101, Jette, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (D.G.D.R.); (L.P.); (C.d.A.); (G.-B.C.)
| | - Luigi Pannone
- Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, European Reference Networks Guard-Heart, Laarbeeklan 101, Jette, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (D.G.D.R.); (L.P.); (C.d.A.); (G.-B.C.)
| | - Serge Boveda
- Heart Rhythm Management Department, Clinique Pasteur, 31076 Toulouse, France;
| | - Carlo de Asmundis
- Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, European Reference Networks Guard-Heart, Laarbeeklan 101, Jette, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (D.G.D.R.); (L.P.); (C.d.A.); (G.-B.C.)
| | - Gian-Battista Chierchia
- Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, European Reference Networks Guard-Heart, Laarbeeklan 101, Jette, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (D.G.D.R.); (L.P.); (C.d.A.); (G.-B.C.)
| | - Antonio Sorgente
- Department of Cardiology, Centre Hospitalier EpiCURA, Route de Mons 63, 7301 Hornu, Belgium;
- Heart Rhythm Management Centre, Postgraduate Program in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel-Vrije Universiteit Brussel, European Reference Networks Guard-Heart, Laarbeeklan 101, Jette, 1090 Brussels, Belgium; (D.G.D.R.); (L.P.); (C.d.A.); (G.-B.C.)
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Gorobets O, Gorobets S, Polyakova T, Zablotskii V. Modulation of calcium signaling and metabolic pathways in endothelial cells with magnetic fields. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:1163-1182. [PMID: 38356636 PMCID: PMC10863714 DOI: 10.1039/d3na01065a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Calcium signaling plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including muscle contraction, cell division, and neurotransmitter release. Dysregulation of calcium levels and signaling has been linked to a range of pathological conditions such as neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Here, we propose a theoretical model that predicts the modulation of calcium ion channel activity and calcium signaling in the endothelium through the application of either a time-varying or static gradient magnetic field (MF). This modulation is achieved by exerting magnetic forces or torques on either biogenic or non-biogenic magnetic nanoparticles that are bound to endothelial cell membranes. Since calcium signaling in endothelial cells induces neuromodulation and influences blood flow control, treatment with a magnetic field shows promise for regulating neurovascular coupling and treating vascular dysfunctions associated with aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, magnetic treatment can enable control over the decoding of Ca signals, ultimately impacting protein synthesis. The ability to modulate calcium wave frequencies using MFs and the MF-controlled decoding of Ca signaling present promising avenues for treating diseases characterized by calcium dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Gorobets
- National Technical University of Ukraine, "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Ukraine
| | - Svitlana Gorobets
- National Technical University of Ukraine, "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute" Ukraine
| | - Tatyana Polyakova
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
| | - Vitalii Zablotskii
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague Czech Republic
- International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center (iMFRC), Science Island Hefei China
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37
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Lerman BB, Markowitz SM, Cheung JW, Thomas G, Ip JE. Ventricular Tachycardia Due to Triggered Activity: Role of Early and Delayed Afterdepolarizations. JACC Clin Electrophysiol 2024; 10:379-401. [PMID: 38127010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2023.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Most forms of sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) are caused by re-entry, resulting from altered myocardial conduction and refractoriness secondary to underlying structural heart disease. In contrast, VT caused by triggered activity (TA) is unrelated to an abnormal structural substrate and is often caused by molecular defects affecting ion channel function or regulation of intracellular calcium cycling. This review summarizes the cellular and molecular bases underlying TA and exemplifies their clinical relevance with selective representative scenarios. The underlying basis of TA caused by delayed afterdepolarizations is related to sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium overload, calcium waves, and diastolic sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak. Clinical examples of TA caused by delayed afterdepolarizations include sustained right and left ventricular outflow tract tachycardia and catecholaminergic polymorphic VT. The other form of afterpotentials, early afterdepolarizations, are systolic events and inscribe early afterdepolarizations during phase 2 or phase 3 of the action potential. The fundamental defect is a decrease in repolarization reserve with associated increases in late plateau inward currents. Malignant ventricular arrhythmias in the long QT syndromes are initiated by early afterdepolarization-mediated TA. An understanding of the molecular and cellular bases of these arrhythmias has resulted in generally effective pharmacologic-based therapies, but these are nonspecific agents that have off-target effects. Therapeutic efficacy may need to be augmented with an implantable defibrillator. Next-generation therapies will include novel agents that rescue arrhythmogenic abnormalities in cellular signaling pathways and gene therapy approaches that transfer or edit pathogenic gene variants or silence mutant messenger ribonucleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce B Lerman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Steven M Markowitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jim W Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - George Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - James E Ip
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and the Greenberg Institute for Cardiac Electrophysiology, Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Al-Aidarous S, Protonotarios A, Elliott PM, Lambiase PD. Management of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Heart 2024; 110:156-162. [PMID: 37433658 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2023-322612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a disease characterised by fibrofatty replacement of the ventricular myocardium due to specific mutations, leading to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Treating this condition can be challenging due to progressive fibrosis, phenotypic variations and small patient cohorts limiting the feasibility of conducting meaningful clinical trials. Although widely used, the evidence base for anti-arrhythmic drugs is limited. Beta-blockers are theoretically sound, yet their efficacy in reducing arrhythmic risk is not robust. Additionally, the impact of sotalol and amiodarone is inconsistent with studies reporting contradictory results. Emerging evidence suggests that combining flecainide and bisoprolol may be efficacious.Radiofrequency ablation has shown some potential in disrupting ventricular tachycardia circuits, with combined endo and epicardial ablation yielding better results which could be considered at the index procedure. In addition, stereotactic radiotherapy may be a future option that can decrease arrhythmias beyond simple scar formation by altering levels of Nav1.5 channels, Connexin 43 and Wnt signalling, potentially modifying myocardial fibrosis.Future therapies, such as adenoviruses and GSk3b modulation, are still in early-stage research. While implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation is a key intervention for reducing arrhythmic death, the risks of inappropriate shocks and device complications must be carefully considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Al-Aidarous
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandros Protonotarios
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Perry M Elliott
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Pier D Lambiase
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Saint Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Heart Centre, London, UK
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Novikova IV, Grekhnev DA, Oshkolova A, Nomerovskaya MA, Kolesnikov DO, Krisanova AV, Yuskovets VN, Chernov NM, Yakovlev IP, Kaznacheyeva EV, Vigont VA. 1,2,3,4-dithiadiazole derivatives as a novel class of calcium signaling modulators. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 691:149333. [PMID: 38043197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant calcium signaling is associated with a diverse range of pathologies, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cancer, etc… So, therapeutic strategies based on the correction of pathological calcium signaling are becoming extremely in demand. Thus, the development of novel calcium signaling modulators remains highly actual. Previously we found that 1,2,3,4-dithiadiazole derivative 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-3H-1,2,3,4-dithiadiazole-2-oxide can strongly reduce calcium uptake through store-operated calcium (SOC) channels. Here we tested several structurally related compounds and found that most of them can effectively affect SOC channels and attenuate calcium content in the endoplasmic reticulum, thus, establishing 1,2,3,4-dithiadiazoles as a novel class of SOC channel inhibitors. Comparing different 1,2,3,4-dithiadiazole derivatives we showed that previously published 3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-3H-1,2,3,4-dithiadiazole-2-oxide and newly tested 3-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-5-phenyl-3H-1,2,3,4-dithiadiazole 2-oxide demonstrated the highest efficacy of SOC entry reduction, supposing the important role of electron-withdrawing substituents to realize the inhibitory activity of 1,2,3,4-dithiadiazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliia V Novikova
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitriy A Grekhnev
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Arina Oshkolova
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Maria A Nomerovskaya
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii O Kolesnikov
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Alena V Krisanova
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriy N Yuskovets
- Organic Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov st. 14, Saint-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation
| | - Nikita M Chernov
- Organic Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov st. 14, Saint-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation
| | - Igor P Yakovlev
- Organic Chemistry Department, Saint-Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Prof. Popov st. 14, Saint-Petersburg, 197376, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Kaznacheyeva
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A Vigont
- Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg, 194064, Russian Federation.
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Joglar JA, Chung MK, Armbruster AL, Benjamin EJ, Chyou JY, Cronin EM, Deswal A, Eckhardt LL, Goldberger ZD, Gopinathannair R, Gorenek B, Hess PL, Hlatky M, Hogan G, Ibeh C, Indik JH, Kido K, Kusumoto F, Link MS, Linta KT, Marcus GM, McCarthy PM, Patel N, Patton KK, Perez MV, Piccini JP, Russo AM, Sanders P, Streur MM, Thomas KL, Times S, Tisdale JE, Valente AM, Van Wagoner DR. 2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2024; 149:e1-e156. [PMID: 38033089 PMCID: PMC11095842 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 286.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 12, 2022, to November 3, 2022, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through November 2022, during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee and added to the evidence tables, where appropriate. STRUCTURE Atrial fibrillation is the most sustained common arrhythmia, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing in the United States and globally. Recommendations from the "2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" and the "2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic risk assessment, anticoagulation, left atrial appendage occlusion, atrial fibrillation catheter or surgical ablation, and risk factor modification and atrial fibrillation prevention have been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anita Deswal
- ACC/AHA Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines liaison
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul L Hess
- ACC/AHA Joint Committee on Performance Measures liaison
| | | | | | | | | | - Kazuhiko Kido
- American College of Clinical Pharmacy representative
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Joglar JA, Chung MK, Armbruster AL, Benjamin EJ, Chyou JY, Cronin EM, Deswal A, Eckhardt LL, Goldberger ZD, Gopinathannair R, Gorenek B, Hess PL, Hlatky M, Hogan G, Ibeh C, Indik JH, Kido K, Kusumoto F, Link MS, Linta KT, Marcus GM, McCarthy PM, Patel N, Patton KK, Perez MV, Piccini JP, Russo AM, Sanders P, Streur MM, Thomas KL, Times S, Tisdale JE, Valente AM, Van Wagoner DR. 2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:109-279. [PMID: 38043043 PMCID: PMC11104284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The "2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" provides recommendations to guide clinicians in the treatment of patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 12, 2022, to November 3, 2022, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other selected databases relevant to this guideline. Additional relevant studies, published through November 2022, during the guideline writing process, were also considered by the writing committee and added to the evidence tables, where appropriate. STRUCTURE Atrial fibrillation is the most sustained common arrhythmia, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing in the United States and globally. Recommendations from the "2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" and the "2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation" have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic risk assessment, anticoagulation, left atrial appendage occlusion, atrial fibrillation catheter or surgical ablation, and risk factor modification and atrial fibrillation prevention have been developed.
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Ronchi C, Galli C, Tullii G, Marzuoli C, Mazzola M, Malferrari M, Crasto S, Rapino S, Di Pasquale E, Antognazza MR. Nongenetic Optical Modulation of Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived Cardiomyocytes Function in the Red Spectral Range. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2304303. [PMID: 37948328 PMCID: PMC10797444 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Optical stimulation in the red/near infrared range recently gained increasing interest, as a not-invasive tool to control cardiac cell activity and repair in disease conditions. Translation of this approach to therapy is hampered by scarce efficacy and selectivity. The use of smart biocompatible materials, capable to act as local, NIR-sensitive interfaces with cardiac cells, may represent a valuable solution, capable to overcome these limitations. In this work, a far red-responsive conjugated polymer, namely poly[2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4,7-diyl[4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl]] (PCPDTBT) is proposed for the realization of photoactive interfaces with cardiomyocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-CMs). Optical excitation of the polymer turns into effective ionic and electrical modulation of hPSC-CMs, in particular by fastening Ca2+ dynamics, inducing action potential shortening, accelerating the spontaneous beating frequency. The involvement in the phototransduction pathway of Sarco-Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase (SERCA) and Na+ /Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is proven by pharmacological assays and is correlated with physical/chemical processes occurring at the polymer surface upon photoexcitation. Very interestingly, an antiarrhythmogenic effect, unequivocally triggered by polymer photoexcitation, is also observed. Overall, red-light excitation of conjugated polymers may represent an unprecedented opportunity for fine control of hPSC-CMs functionality and can be considered as a perspective, noninvasive approach to treat arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Ronchi
- Center for Nano Science and TechnologyIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaMilano20133Italy
| | - Camilla Galli
- Humanitas Cardio CenterIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalVia Manzoni 56RozzanoMilan20089Italy
| | - Gabriele Tullii
- Center for Nano Science and TechnologyIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaMilano20133Italy
| | - Camilla Marzuoli
- Center for Nano Science and TechnologyIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaMilano20133Italy
- Politecnico di MilanoPhysics Dept.P.zza L. Da Vinci 32Milano20133Italy
| | - Marta Mazzola
- Humanitas Cardio CenterIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalVia Manzoni 56RozzanoMilan20089Italy
| | - Marco Malferrari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna‘‘Giacomo Ciamician,’’via Francesco Selmi 2Bologna40126Italy
| | - Silvia Crasto
- Humanitas Cardio CenterIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalVia Manzoni 56RozzanoMilan20089Italy
| | - Stefania Rapino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna‘‘Giacomo Ciamician,’’via Francesco Selmi 2Bologna40126Italy
| | - Elisa Di Pasquale
- Humanitas Cardio CenterIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalVia Manzoni 56RozzanoMilan20089Italy
- Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB)UOS of Milan—National Research Council of Italy (CNR)Milan20138Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Antognazza
- Center for Nano Science and TechnologyIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaMilano20133Italy
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Banai A, Retsky R, Lupu L, Levi E, Zahler D, Feder O, Merin R, Topilsky Y, Rosso R, Banai S, Viskin S, Chorin E. Electromechanical Window and Spontaneous Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias in Takotsubo Syndrome. Am J Cardiol 2024; 210:100-106. [PMID: 38682708 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
QT interval prolongation is common in patients hospitalized with Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), however, only a minority experience ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Our aim was to characterize the electromechanical window (EMW) in patients with TTS and to evaluate its association with ventricular tachyarrhythmias. We preformed aretrospective analysis of 84 patients hospitalized with TTS in the Tel-Aviv Medical Center between 2013 and 2022. All patients underwent a comprehensive echocardiographic evaluation and the EMW was calculated by subtracting the QT interval from the QRS onset to the aortic valve closure obtained from a continuous-wave Doppler for the same beat. Of the 84 patients with TTS, 74 (88%) were female and the mean age was 70 ± 11 years. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 42 ± 8%. The EMW was negative in 81 patients (96%), and the mean EMW was -69 ± 50 ms. Ventricular tachyarrhythmias occurred in 7 patients (8%). The EMW of patients who experienced ventricular tachyarrhythmias was more negative than patients who did not (-133 ± 23 ms vs -63 ± 48 ms, p = 0.001). In the univariate analysis, EMW and QT were associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmias (univariate odds ratio [OR]EMW 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01 to 1.05, p = 0.003 and univariate ORQTc 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03, p = 0.02); however, only EMW remained significant in the multivariate analysis (OREMW 1.03 95% CI 1.03 to 1.05, p = 0.023). EMW was more effective than corrected QT interval in identifying patients who had ventricular tachyarrhythmias (AUCEMW: 0.89, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.97 vs AUCQTc 0.77, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.93, p = 0.02), and a cut-off value of -108 ms was predictive of ventricular tachyarrhythmias with a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 79%. In conclusion, EMW is negative in patients with TTS and is associated with increased risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The role of EMW in the risk stratification of patients with TTS warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Banai
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Rachel Retsky
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Lupu
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Erez Levi
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - David Zahler
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Omri Feder
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Roei Merin
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Yan Topilsky
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Raphael Rosso
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shmuel Banai
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sami Viskin
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ehud Chorin
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Cardiology Division, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Zhou D, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Zhang X, Zhang X, Lv J, Tang W, Weng Q, Lin Y, Tong L, Zhong Z, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Lai M, Wang D. mROS‑calcium feedback loop promotes lethal ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in early myocardial ischemia. Int J Mol Med 2024; 53:5. [PMID: 37997788 PMCID: PMC10712693 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lethal ventricular arrhythmia‑sudden cardiac death (LVA‑SCD) occurs frequently during the early stage of myocardial ischemia (MI). However, the mechanism underlying higher LVA‑SCD incidence is still poorly understood. The present study aimed to explore the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) and Ca2+ crosstalk in promoting LVA‑SCD in early MI. RyR2 S2814A mice and their wild‑type littermates were used. MitoTEMPO was applied to scavenge mitochondrial ROS (mROS). Mice were subjected to severe MI and the occurrence of LVA‑SCD was evaluated. Levels of mitochondrial ROS and calcium (mitoCa2+), cytosolic ROS (cytoROS), and calcium (cytoCa2+), RyR2 Ser‑2814 phosphorylation, CaMKII Met‑282 oxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio in the myocardia were detected. Dynamic changes in mROS after hypoxia were investigated using H9c2 cells. Moreover, the myocardial phosphoproteome was analyzed to explore the related mechanisms facilitating mROS‑Ca2+ crosstalk and LVA‑SCD. There was a high incidence (~33.9%) of LVA‑SCD in early MI. Mice who underwent SCD displayed notably elevated levels of myocardial ROS and mROS, and the latter was validated in H9c2 cells. These mice also demonstrated overloads of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Ca2+, decreased MMP and reduced GSH/GSSG ratio, upregulated RyR2‑S2814 phosphorylation and CaMKII‑M282 oxidation and transient hyperphosphorylation of mitochondrial proteomes in the myocardium. mROS‑specific scavenging by a mitochondria‑targeted antioxidant agent (MitoTEMPO) corrected these SCD‑induced alterations. S2814A mice with a genetically inactivated CaMKII phosphorylation site in RyR2 exhibited decreased overloads in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Ca2+ and demonstrated similar effects as MitoTEMPO to correct SCD‑induced changes and prevent SCD post‑MI. The data confirmed crosstalk between mROS and Ca2+ in promoting LVA‑SCD. Therefore, we provided evidence that there is a higher incidence of LVA‑SCD in early MI, which may be attributed to a positive feedback loop between mROS and Ca2+ imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danya Zhou
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
- School of Forensic Medicine, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Junyao Lv
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Wanting Tang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Qi Weng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yang Lin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Lejun Tong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Zhong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Mengxuan Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Minchao Lai
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Dian Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
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Kanithi M, Kumari L, Yalakaturi K, Munjal K, Jimitreddy S, Kandamuri M, Veeramachineni P, Chopra H, Junapudi S. Nanoparticle Polymers Influence on Cardiac Health: Good or Bad for Cardiac Physiology? Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102145. [PMID: 37852559 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of death and morbidity worldwide. Lifestyle modifications, medications, and addressing epidemiological factors have long been at the forefront of targeting therapeutics for CVD. Treatments can be further complicated given the intersection of gender, age, unique comorbidities, and healthcare access, among many other factors. Therefore, expanding treatment and diagnostic modalities for CVD is absolutely necessary. Nanoparticles and nanomaterials are increasingly being used as therapeutic and diagnostic modalities in various disciplines of biomedicine. Nanoparticles have multiple ways of interacting with the cardiovascular system. Some of them alter cardiac physiology by impacting ion channels, whereas others influence ions directly or indirectly, improving cellular death via decreasing oxidative stress. While embedding nanoparticles into therapeutics can help enhance healthy cardiovascular function in other scenarios, they can also impair physiology by increasing reactive oxidative species and leading to cardiotoxicity. This review explores different types of nanoparticles, their effects, and the applicable dosages to create a better foundation for understanding the current research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasa Kanithi
- Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, East Lansing, MI
| | - Lata Kumari
- People University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawab Shah, Sindh, Pakistan
| | | | - Kavita Munjal
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | | | - Hitesh Chopra
- Department of Biosciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sunil Junapudi
- Geethanjali College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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46
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Romero-Becerra R, Cruz FM, Mora A, Lopez JA, Ponce-Balbuena D, Allan A, Ramos-Mondragón R, González-Terán B, León M, Rodríguez ME, Leiva-Vega L, Guerrero-Serna G, Jimenez-Vazquez EN, Filgueiras-Rama D, Vázquez J, Jalife J, Sabio G. p38γ/δ activation alters cardiac electrical activity and predisposes to ventricular arrhythmia. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:1204-1220. [PMID: 39196141 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00368-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Ventricular fibrillation (VF) is a leading immediate cause of sudden cardiac death. There is a strong association between aging and VF, although the mechanisms are unclear, limiting the availability of targeted therapeutic interventions. Here we found that the stress kinases p38γ and p38δ are activated in the ventricles of old mice and mice with genetic or drug-induced arrhythmogenic conditions. We discovered that, upon activation, p38γ and p38δ cooperatively increase the susceptibility to stress-induced VF. Mechanistically, our data indicate that activated p38γ and p38δ phosphorylate ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) disrupt Kv4.3 channel localization, promoting sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak, Ito current reduction and action potential duration prolongation. In turn, this led to aberrant intracellular calcium handling, premature ventricular complexes and enhanced susceptibility to VF. Blocking this pathway protected genetically modified animals from VF development and reduced the VF duration in aged animals. These results indicate that p38γ and p38δ are a potential therapeutic target for sustained VF prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco M Cruz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Mora
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Lopez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniela Ponce-Balbuena
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andrew Allan
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Roberto Ramos-Mondragón
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bárbara González-Terán
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marta León
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Leiva-Vega
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Guerrero-Serna
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric N Jimenez-Vazquez
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Filgueiras-Rama
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Jalife
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.
- Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Guadalupe Sabio
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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47
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Yang Q, Tadros HJ, Sun B, Bidzimou MT, Ezekian JE, Li F, Ludwig A, Wehrens XH, Landstrom AP. Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia Caused by Junctophilin-2 Expression Silencing Is Selectively Sensitive to Ryanodine Receptor Blockade. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1577-1588. [PMID: 38205351 PMCID: PMC10774596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is a potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmia. Hcn4:shJph2 mice serve as a model of nodal arrhythmias driven by ryanodine type 2 receptor (RyR2)-mediated Ca2+ leak. EL20 is a small molecule that blocks RyR2 Ca2+ leak. In a novel in vivo model of JET, Hcn4:shJph2 mice demonstrated rapid conversion of JET to sinus rhythm with infusion of EL20. Primary atrioventricular nodal cells demonstrated increased Ca2+ transient oscillation frequency and increased RyR2-mediated stored Ca2+ leak which was normalized by EL20. EL20 was found to be rapidly degraded in mouse and human plasma, making it a potential novel therapy for JET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanna J. Tadros
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bo Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Minu-Tshyeto Bidzimou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jordan E. Ezekian
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Center for Drug Discovery and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie, und Toxikologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xander H.T. Wehrens
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Medicine (Cardiology), Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Neuroscience and Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew P. Landstrom
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Lefort B, Gélinas R, Forest A, Bouchard B, Daneault C, Robillard Frayne I, Roy J, Oger C, Greffard K, Galano JM, Durand T, Labarthe F, Bilodeau JF, Ruiz M, Des Rosiers C. Remodeling of lipid landscape in high fat fed very-long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase null mice favors pro-arrhythmic polyunsaturated fatty acids and their downstream metabolites. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166843. [PMID: 37558007 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Very-long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) catalyzes the initial step of mitochondrial long chain (LC) fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO). Inherited VLCAD deficiency (VLCADD) predisposes to neonatal arrhythmias whose pathophysiology is still not understood. We hypothesized that VLCADD results in global disruption of cardiac complex lipid homeostasis, which may set conditions predisposing to arrhythmia. To test this, we assessed the cardiac lipidome and related molecular markers in seven-month-old VLCAD-/- mice, which mimic to some extent the human cardiac phenotype. Mice were sacrificed in the fed or fasted state after receiving for two weeks a chow or a high-fat diet (HFD), the latter condition being known to worsen symptoms in human VLCADD. Compared to their littermate counterparts, HFD/fasted VLCAD-/- mouse hearts displayed the following lipid alterations: (1) Lower LC, but higher VLC-acylcarnitines accumulation, (2) higher levels of arachidonic acid (AA) and lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) contents in glycerophospholipids (GPLs), as well as (3) corresponding changes in pro-arrhythmogenic AA-derived isoprostanes and thromboxane B2 (higher), and anti-arrythmogenic DHA-derived neuroprostanes (lower). These changes were associated with remodeling in the expression of gene or protein markers of (1) GPLs remodeling: higher calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 and lysophosphatidylcholine-acyltransferase 2, (2) calcium handling perturbations, and (3) endoplasmic reticulum stress. Altogether, these results highlight global lipid dyshomeostasis beyond FAO in VLCAD-/- mouse hearts, which may set conditions predisposing the hearts to calcium mishandling and endoplasmic reticulum stress and thereby may contribute to the pathogenesis of arrhythmias in VLCADD in mice as well as in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Lefort
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada; Institut des Cardiopathies Congénitales de Tours et FHU Precicare, CHU Tours, Tours, France; INSERM UMR 1069 et Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Roselle Gélinas
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada; Present address: CHU Ste-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anik Forest
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Jérôme Roy
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France; INRAE, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, UMR1419 Nutrition Metabolism and Aquaculture, Aquapôle, F-64310 Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Greffard
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Pôle Chimie Balard Recherche, UMR 5247, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matthieu Ruiz
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Montreal Heart Institute Research Centre, Montreal, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
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Mikagi M, Tashiro K, Komaki T, Shiga Y, Tachibana T, Higashi S, Kawahira Y, Suematsu Y, Ideishi A, Ogawa M, Miura SI. Association between paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation and hyperuricemia in patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography: from the FU-CCTA-AF Registry. Heart Vessels 2023; 38:1451-1458. [PMID: 37592025 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02299-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperuricemia (HU) and hypertension (HTN) contribute to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and both are also involved in the onset and development of atrial fibrillation (AF). OBJECTIVE In the present study, we investigated the association between risk factors for atherosclerosis [including HU, HTN, blood pressure and serum uric acid (UA) levels] and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (Paro-AF) or persistent atrial fibrillation (Pers-AF) in patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA). METHODS We enrolled 263 patients from the Fukuoka University-CCTA-AF (FU-CCTA-AF Registry) who underwent CCTA prior to AF ablation therapy. AF was classified as either Paro-AF (≤ 7 days) or Pers-AF (> 7 days). HU was diagnosed by a serum UA level > 7.0 mg/dl, and coronary artery disease (CAD) was diagnosed when CCTA results showed ≥ 50% significant coronary artery stenosis. The number of significantly diseased coronary artery vessels (VD), the Gensini score and the coronary artery calcification score (CACS) were measured. Left atrial morphology was also evaluated. RESULTS Diastolic blood pressure and HbA1c in the Pers-AF group were significantly higher than those in the Paro-AF group. The Pers-AF group showed a significantly higher prevalence of HU and higher UA levels than the Paro-AF group. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, HU was an independent associated factor to Pers-AF (odds ratio: 2.023, 95% confidence interval: 1.055-3.881, p = 0.034), while HTN was not. CONCLUSION In patients with AF, HU is associated with Pers-AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Mikagi
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Tashiro
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomo Komaki
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuhei Shiga
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Tachibana
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sara Higashi
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuto Kawahira
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasunori Suematsu
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akihito Ideishi
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ogawa
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Miura
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
- Department of Cardiology, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fukuoka University Nishijin Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Xu B, Yang J, Liu F, Lv T, Li K, Yuan Y, Li S, Liu Y, Zhang P. Clinical and genetic characteristics of catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia combined with left ventricular non-compaction. Cardiol Young 2023:1-8. [PMID: 38017672 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951123003086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is an ion channelopathy, caused by mutations in genes coding for calcium-handling proteins. It can coexist with left ventricular non-compaction. We aim to investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of this co-phenotype. METHODS Medical records of 24 patients diagnosed with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in two Chinese hospitals between September, 2005, and January, 2020, were retrospectively reviewed. We evaluated their clinical and genetic characteristics, including basic demographic data, electrocardiogram parameters, medications and survival during follow-up, and their gene mutations. We did structural analysis for a novel variant ryanodine receptor 2-E4005V. RESULTS The patients included 19 with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia mono-phenotype and 5 catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia-left ventricular non-compaction overlap patients. The median age of onset symptoms was 9.0 (8.0,13.5) years. Most patients (91.7%) had cardiac symptoms, and 50% had a family history of syncope. Overlap patients had lower peak heart rate and threshold heart rate for ventricular tachycardia and ventricular premature beat during the exercise stress test (p < 0.05). Sudden cardiac death risk may be higher in overlap patients during follow-up. Gene sequencing revealed 1 novel ryanodine receptor 2 missense mutation E4005V and 1 mutation previously unreported in catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, but no left ventricular non-compaction-causing mutations were observed. In-silico analysis showed the novel mutation E4005V broke down the interaction between two charged residues. CONCLUSIONS Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia overlapping with left ventricular non-compaction may lead to ventricular premature beat/ventricular tachycardia during exercise stress test at lower threshold heart rate than catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia alone; it may also indicate a worse prognosis and requires strict follow-up. ryanodine receptor 2 mutations disrupted interactions between residues and may interfere the function of ryanodine receptor 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihe Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanwei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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