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Lu S, Wang Q, Lu H, Kuang M, Zhang M, Sheng G, Zou Y, Peng X. Lipids as potential mediators linking body mass index to diabetes: evidence from a mediation analysis based on the NAGALA cohort. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:66. [PMID: 38730299 PMCID: PMC11083816 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01594-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body mass index (BMI) and lipid disorders are both known to be strongly associated with the development of diabetes, however, the indirect effect of lipid parameters in the BMI-related diabetes risk is currently unknown. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of lipid parameters in the association of BMI with diabetes risk. METHODS We assessed the association of diabetes risk with BMI, as well as lipid parameters including high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-CF and LDL-CS), triglycerides(TG), total cholesterol(TC), remnant cholesterol(RC), non-HDL-C, and combined indices of lipid parameters with HDL-C (RC/HDL-C ratio, TG/HDL-C ratio, TC/HDL-C ratio, non-HDL/HDL-C ratio, LDL/HDL-C ratio) using data from 15,453 subjects in the NAGALA project. Mediation models were used to explore the mediating role of lipid parameters in the association of BMI with diabetes risk, and mediation percentages were calculated for quantifying the strength of the indirect effects. Finally, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to compare the accuracy of BMI and BMI combined with lipid parameters in predicting incident diabetes. RESULTS Multivariate regression models, adjusted for confounding factors, demonstrated robust associations of lipid parameters, BMI, with diabetes risk, with the exception of TC, LDL-CF, LDL-CS, and non-HDL-C. Mediation analysis showed that lipid parameters except TC, LDL-CF, LDL-CS, and Non-HDL-C were involved in and mediated the association of BMI with diabetes risk, with the largest mediation percentage being the RC/HDL-C ratio, which was as high as 40%; it is worth mentioning that HDL-C and HDL-C-related lipid ratio parameters also play an important mediating role in the association between BMI and diabetes, with the mediator proportion being greater than 30%. Finally, based on the ROC results, we found that the prediction performance of all lipid parameters in the current study except TC was significantly improved when combined with BMI. CONCLUSION Our fresh findings suggested that lipid parameters partially mediated the association of BMI with diabetes risk; this result indicated that in the context of diabetes risk screening and disease management, it is important to not only monitor BMI but also pay attention to lipid parameters, particularly HDL-C and HDL-C-related lipid ratio parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hengcheng Lu
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Maobin Kuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Jiangxi Hypertension Research Institute, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Guotai Sheng
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Jiangxi Cardiovascular Research Institute, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Xiaoping Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Hypertension Research Institute, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Morvaridzadeh M, Zoubdane N, Heshmati J, Alami M, Berrougui H, Khalil A. High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Function in Cardiovascular Diseases: What about Aging and Diet Effects? Nutrients 2024; 16:653. [PMID: 38474781 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading global cause of mortality, prompting a heightened focus on identifying precise indicators for their assessment and treatment. In this perspective, the plasma levels of HDL have emerged as a pivotal focus, given the demonstrable correlation between plasma levels and cardiovascular events, rendering them a noteworthy biomarker. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that HDLs, while intricate, are not presently a direct therapeutic target, necessitating a more nuanced understanding of their dynamic remodeling throughout their life cycle. HDLs exhibit several anti-atherosclerotic properties that define their functionality. This functionality of HDLs, which is independent of their concentration, may be impaired in certain risk factors for CVD. Moreover, because HDLs are dynamic parameters, in which HDL particles present different atheroprotective properties, it remains difficult to interpret the association between HDL level and CVD risk. Besides the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of HDLs, their capacity to mediate cholesterol efflux, a key metric of HDL functionality, represents the main anti-atherosclerotic property of HDL. In this review, we will discuss the HDL components and HDL structure that may affect their functionality and we will review the mechanism by which HDL mediates cholesterol efflux. We will give a brief examination of the effects of aging and diet on HDL structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Nada Zoubdane
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Alami
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
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Pankova O, Korzh O. Plasma catestatin levels are related to metabolic parameters in patients with essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heart Vessels 2024; 39:144-159. [PMID: 37758851 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-023-02318-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Catestatin (CST) is a pleiotropic peptide with cardioprotective and metabolic effects. CST is involved in the pathogenesis of both arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which are the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the plasma CST levels in hypertensive patients, especially with T2DM, as well as compare those with healthy volunteers, and explore the relationship between CST levels and clinical, anthropometric and laboratory parameters. 106 Hypertensive patients, 55 of which had comorbidity T2DM, and 30 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent clinical examination, including vital signs and anthropometric data assessment, medical history interview, and blood sample collection. Plasma CST levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using a commercial diagnostic kit. The plasma CST levels were significantly lower in hypertensive patients (N = 106) compared with healthy subjects (N = 30) (5.02 ± 1.09 vs. 6.64 ± 0.72; p < 0.001). Furthermore, hypertensive patients with T2DM (N = 55) have significantly reduced CST levels in comparison with those without T2DM (N = 51) (4.47 ± 1.16 vs. 5.61 ± 0.61; p < 0.001). CST significantly correlated with anthropometric characteristics, in particular, weight (r = - 0.344; p < 0.001), BMI (r = - 0.42; p < 0.001), neck (r = - 0.358; p < 0.001), waist (r = - 0.487; p < 0.001), hip (r = - 0.312; p < 0.001), wrist circumferences (r = - 0.264; p = 0.002), and waist-to-hip ratio (r = - 0.395; p < 0.001). Due to its antihypertensive effect, CST has significant associations with systolic BP (r = - 0.475; p < 0.001) and duration of AH (r = - 0.26; p = 0.007). CST also has an inverse relationship with insulin (r = - 0.382; p < 0.001), glucose (r = - 0.45; p < 0.001), index HOMA-IR (r = - 0.481; p < 0.001) and HbA1c (r = - 0.525; p < 0.001), that indicate its involvement in T2DM development. Besides, CST has significant correlations with uric acid levels (r = - 0.412; p < 0.001) as well as lipid parameters, especially HDL-C (r = 0.480; p < 0.001), VLDL-C (r = - 0.238; p = 0.005), TG (r = - 0.4; p < 0.001), non-HDL-C/HDL-C (r = - 0.499; p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated BMI (β = - 0.22; p = 0.007), AH duration (β = - 0.25; p = 0.008), HbA1c (β = - 0.43; p = 0.019) and HDL-C levels (β = 0.27; p = 0.001) as independent predictors of CST levels. The hypertensive patients have significantly decreased CST levels that are even more reduced in the presence of comorbid T2DM. The established correlations with anthropometric and laboratory parameters indicate not only antihypertensive but also metabolic effects of CST. Our results suggest the probable role of CST in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic diseases and the development of cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Pankova
- Department of General Practice-Family Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Heroiv Kharkova Ave., 275, Kharkiv, 61106, Ukraine.
| | - Oleksii Korzh
- Department of General Practice-Family Medicine, Kharkiv National Medical University, Heroiv Kharkova Ave., 275, Kharkiv, 61106, Ukraine
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Heald AH, Fachim HA, Bashir B, Garside B, Adam S, Iqbal Z, Syed AA, Donn R, Le Roux CW, Abdelaal M, White J, Soran H. Impact of Bariatric Surgery on ABC Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) Gene Expression and Inflammation in the Adipose Tissue of Obese Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16978. [PMID: 38069302 PMCID: PMC10707086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery improves dyslipidaemia and reduces body weight, but it remains unclear how bariatric surgery modulates gene expression in fat cells to influence the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK-9) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene expression. The expression of the PCSK9/LDLR/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) gene in adipose tissue was measured in two groups of Zucker Diabetic Sprague Dawley (ZDSD) rats after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery or 'SHAM' operation. There was lower PCSK9 (p = 0.02) and higher LDLR gene expression (p = 0.02) in adipose tissue in rats after RYGB. Weight change did not correlate with PCSK9 gene expression (r = -0.5, p = 0.08) or TNFα gene expression (r = -0.4, p = 0.1). TNFα gene expression was positively correlated with PCSK9 gene expression (r = 0.7, p = 0.001) but not correlated with LDLR expression (r = -0.3, p = 0.3). Circulating triglyceride levels were lower in RYGB compared to the SHAM group (1.1 (0.8-1.4) vs. 1.5 (1.0-4.2), p = 0.038) mmol/L with no difference in cholesterol levels. LDLR gene expression was increased post-bariatric surgery with the potential to reduce the number of circulating LDL particles. PCSK9 gene expression and TNFα gene expression were positively correlated after RYGB in ZDSD rats, suggesting that the modulation of pro-inflammatory pathways in adipose tissue after RYGB may partly relate to PCSK9 and LDLR gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian H. Heald
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Helene A. Fachim
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Bilal Bashir
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Bethanie Garside
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
- Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Safwaan Adam
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
- The Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Zohaib Iqbal
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
- Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Akheel A. Syed
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Stott Lane, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Rachelle Donn
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
| | - Carel W. Le Roux
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mahmoud Abdelaal
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - James White
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Handrean Soran
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (H.A.F.); (B.B.); (B.G.); (H.S.)
- Cardiovascular Trials Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
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Mao M, Deng Y, Wang L, Zhao G, Qi R, Gong H, Shen T, Xu Y, Liu D, Chen B. Chronic unpredictable mild stress promotes atherosclerosis via adipose tissue dysfunction in ApoE -/- mice. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16029. [PMID: 37692113 PMCID: PMC10484201 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) has been shown to exacerbate atherosclerosis, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Adipose tissue is an energy storage organ and the largest endocrine organ in the human body, playing a key role in the development of cardiovascular disease. In this research, it was hypothesized that CUMS may exacerbate the development of atherosclerosis by inducing the hypertrophy and dysfunction of white adipocytes. Methods The CUMS-induced atherosclerosis model was developed in Western diet-fed apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-/- mice. White adipose tissue (WAT), serum, aortic root, and the brachiocephalic trunk were collected and tested after 12 weeks of CUMS development. The mouse model of CUMS was evaluated for depression-like behavior using the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to detect serum noradrenaline and urine adrenaline protein levels. Serological assays were used to detect serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), and free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and oil red O were used to detect atherosclerotic plaque area, lipid deposition, and adipocyte size. The mRNA levels of genes related to aberrant adipose tissue function were determined using real-time PCR. Immunofluorescence assay and western blotting were conducted to examine the expression of proteins in the adipose tissue samples. Results CUMS aggravated vascular atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-/- mice. It decreased body weight while increasing the percentage of WAT. The serological results indicated that the concentration of HDL decreased in CUMS mice. Notably, adipocyte hypertrophy increased, whereas the mRNA levels of Pparg and its target genes (Slc2a4 (encodes for GLUT4), Adipoq, and Plin1) decreased. Further investigation revealed that CUMS increased subcutaneous inguinal WAT (iWAT) lipid synthesis and adipocyte inflammation while decreasing lipid hydrolysis and the expression of HDL-associated protein ApoA-I. Moreover, CUMS aggravated insulin resistance in mice and inhibited the insulin pathway in iWAT. Conclusions These findings indicated that CUMS induces adipose tissue dysfunction via a mechanism that leads to dyslipidemia, increased inflammation, and insulin resistance in the body, thereby exacerbating atherosclerosis. Notably, CUMS that is involved in decreasing the expression of HDL-associated proteins in adipose tissue may be a crucial link between adipose hypertrophy and advanced atherosclerosis. This study reveals a novel mechanism via which CUMS exacerbates atherosclerosis from the novel perspective of abnormal adipose function and identifies a novel potential therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Yalan Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gexin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Ruomei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Yitian Xu
- Beijing Union University, Beijing, China
| | - Deping Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Beidong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
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Knaack DA, Chang J, Thomas MJ, Sorci-Thomas MG, Chen Y, Sahoo D. Scavenger receptor class B type I is required for efficient glucose uptake and metabolic homeostasis in adipocytes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.21.554190. [PMID: 37662321 PMCID: PMC10473602 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.21.554190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and places individuals at a higher risk for developing comorbidities that include cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Adipose tissue contains adipocytes that are responsible for lipid metabolism and reducing misdirected lipid storage. Adipocytes facilitate this process through insulin-mediated uptake of glucose and its subsequent metabolism into triglycerides for storage. During obesity, adipocytes become insulin resistant and have a reduced ability to mediate glucose import, thus resulting in whole-body metabolic dysfunction. Scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) has been implicated in glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and adipocytes via its native ligands, apolipoprotein A-1 and high-density lipoproteins. Further, SR-BI translocation to the cell surface in adipocytes is sensitive to insulin stimulation. Using adipocytes differentiated from ear mesenchymal stem cells isolated from wild-type and SR-BI knockout (SR-BI -/- ) mice as our model system, we tested the hypothesis that SR-BI is required for insulin-mediated glucose uptake and regulation of energy balance in adipocytes. We demonstrated that loss of SR-BI in adipocytes resulted in inefficient glucose uptake regardless of cell surface expression levels of glucose transporter 4 compared to WT adipocytes. We also observed reduced glycolytic capacity, increased lipid biosynthesis, and dysregulated expression of lipid metabolism genes in SR-BI -/- adipocytes compared to WT adipocytes. These results partially support our hypothesis and suggest a novel role for SR-BI in glucose uptake and metabolic homeostasis in adipocytes.
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Králová A, Kubátová H, Kauerová S, Janoušek L, Froněk J, Králová Lesná I, Poledne R. Cholesterol efflux and macrophage polarization in human adipose tissue. Physiol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory status of adipose tissue (AT) has been found to be related to reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from peritoneal macrophages. However, this finding was made in experimental models using induced peritonitis and isolated peritoneal macrophages of animals. This experimental relationship is in agreement with RCT changes in man in two extreme situations, sepsis or cardiovascular complications.
Given the above, we sought to test RTC in relationship to macrophage polarization in the visceral AT (VAT) of living kidney donors (LKDs) and the effect of conditioned media obtained from their AT. The influence of ATCM on CE capacity was first assessed in an experiment where standard plasma was used as cholesterol acceptor from [14C] cholesterol labeled THP-1 cells. Conditioned media as a product of LKDs’ incubated AT showed no effect on CE. Likewise, we did not find any effect of individual plasma of LKDs on CE when individual plasma of LKDs were used as acceptors. On the other hand, we documented an effect of LKDs’ adipose cell size on CE. Our results indicate that the pro-inflammatory status of human AT is not likely induced by disrupted RCT but might be influenced by the metabolic status of LKDs’ adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R Poledne
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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KRÁLOVÁ A, BARTUŠKOVÁ H, KAUEROVÁ S, JANOUŠEK L, FRONĚK J, KRÁLOVÁ LESNÁ I, POLEDNE R. Cholesterol efflux and macrophage polarization in human adipose tissue. Physiol Res 2022; 71:859-868. [PMID: 36426890 PMCID: PMC9814980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The pro-inflammatory status of adipose tissue (AT) has been found to be related to reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) from peritoneal macrophages. However, this finding was made in experimental models using induced peritonitis and isolated peritoneal macrophages of animals. This experimental relationship is in agreement with RCT changes in man in two extreme situations, sepsis or cardiovascular complications. Given the above, we sought to test RTC in relationship to macrophage polarization in the visceral AT (VAT) of living kidney donors (LKDs) and the effect of conditioned media obtained from their AT. The influence of ATCM on CE capacity was first assessed in an experiment where standard plasma was used as cholesterol acceptor from [14C] cholesterol labeled THP-1. Conditioned media as a product of LKDs' incubated AT showed no effect on CE. Likewise, we did not find any effect of individual plasma of LKDs on CE when individual plasma of LKDs were used as acceptors. On the other hand, we documented an effect of LKDs' adipose cell size on CE. Our results indicate that the pro-inflammatory status of human AT is not likely induced by disrupted RCT but might be influenced by the metabolic status of LKDs' adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna KRÁLOVÁ
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana BARTUŠKOVÁ
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Soňa KAUEROVÁ
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Libor JANOUŠEK
- Transplantation Surgery Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří FRONĚK
- Transplantation Surgery Department, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana KRÁLOVÁ LESNÁ
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic,First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Military University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf POLEDNE
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
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ABD MUID SUHAILA, AWANG JALIL REMEE, HARUN NOORHANISA, MOHD NAWAWI HAPIZAH, RUTH FROEMMING GABRIELEANISAH. HDL AND ITS SUBPOPULATION (HDL2 AND HDL3) PROMOTE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORTERS EXPRESSION AND ATTENUATES INFLAMMATION IN 3T3-L1 MATURE ADIPOCYTES INDUCED BY TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA. MALAYSIAN APPLIED BIOLOGY 2022; 51:153-167. [DOI: 10.55230/mabjournal.v51i4.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Obesity activates inflammation causing dysfunction of adipocytes. Increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in obesity may be beneficial in overcoming this effect. However, not much data is available on the effects of HDL and its subpopulations in inflamed adipocytes. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of total HDL (tHDL) and the comparison between its subpopulations (HDL2 & HDL3) on protein and gene expression of cholesterol transporters, inflammation, and adipokines in TNF-α stimulated 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes. TNFα alone had lower adiponectin and higher protein and gene expression of IL-6 and NF-ĸβ (p65) compared to unstimulated adipocytes and these effects were attenuated by HDLs especially HDL3 (in most of the biomarkers). HDL and its subpopulation had higher cholesterol transporters expression in 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes induced by TNF-α compared to unstimulated cells. Increment of cholesterol transporters expression by HDL leads to reduce secretion of inflammatory markers [IL-6 & NF-kB (p65)] and visfatin and increases adiponectin secretion in the inflamed mature adipocytes. HDL exhibits beyond its reverse cholesterol transporter property by exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects thru the deactivation of NF-ĸβ (p65). This may contribute to reducing the progression of obesity-related complications.
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Su Y, Wang W, Xiao Q, Tang L, Wang T, Xie M, Su Y. Macrophage membrane-camouflaged lipoprotein nanoparticles for effective obesity treatment based on a sustainable self-reinforcement strategy. Acta Biomater 2022; 152:519-531. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Su S, Chen W, Zheng M, Lu G, Tang W, Huang H, Qu D. Facile Fabrication of 3D-Printed Porous Ti6Al4V Scaffolds with a Sr-CaP Coating for Bone Regeneration. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:8391-8402. [PMID: 35309469 PMCID: PMC8928158 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To improve osseointegration caused by the stress-shielding effect and the inert nature of titanium-based alloys, in this work, we successfully constructed a strontium calcium phosphate (Sr-CaP) coating on three-dimensional (3D)-printed Ti6Al4V scaffolds to address this issue. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the coatings with and without Sr doping mainly consisted of CaHPO4. The bonding strength of Sr doping coating met the required ISO 13 779-4-2018 standard (≥15 MPa). The in vitro results suggested that the Sr-CaP-modified Ti6Al4V scaffolds were found to effectively promote mice bone-marrow stem cell (mBMSC) adhesion, spreading, and osteogenesis. The in vivo experiments also showed that the Sr-CaP-modified Ti6Al4V scaffolds could significantly improve bone regeneration and osseointegration. More importantly, Sr-doped CaP-coated Ti6Al4V scaffolds were found to accelerate bone healing in comparison to CaP-coated Ti6Al4V scaffolds. The Sr-CaP-modified Ti6Al4V scaffolds are considered a promising strategy to develop bioactive surfaces for enhancing the osseointegration between the implant and bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Su
- Division
of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- Division
of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Zheng
- Division
of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zengcheng Branch of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 511338 Guangzhou, China
| | - Guozan Lu
- Guangzhou
Huatai 3D Material Manufacture Ltd., Co., 511300 Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Department
of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Dalian
Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Haihong Huang
- Division
of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongbin Qu
- Division
of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
- Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zengcheng Branch of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 511338 Guangzhou, China
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12
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Zhang P, Konja D, Zhang Y, Xu A, Lee IK, Jeon JH, Bashiri G, Mitra A, Wang Y. Clusterin is involved in mediating the metabolic function of adipose SIRT1. iScience 2022; 25:103709. [PMID: 35072003 PMCID: PMC8762396 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
SIRT1 is a metabolic sensor regulating energy homeostasis. The present study revealed that mice with selective overexpression of human SIRT1 in adipose tissue (Adipo-SIRT1) were protected from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic abnormalities. Adipose SIRT1 was enriched at mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs) to trigger mitohormesis and unfolded protein response (UPRmt), in turn preventing ER stress. As a downstream target of UPRmt, clusterin was significantly upregulated and acted together with SIRT1 to regulate the protein and lipid compositions at MERCs of adipose tissue. In mice lacking clusterin, HFD-induced metabolic abnormalities were significantly enhanced and could not be prevented by overexpression of SIRT1 in adipose tissue. Treatment with ER stress inhibitors restored adipose SIRT1-mediated beneficial effects on systemic energy metabolism. In summary, adipose SIRT1 facilitated the dynamic interactions and communications between mitochondria and ER, via MERCs, in turn triggering a mild mitochondrial stress to instigate the defense responses against dietary obesity-induced metabolic dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniels Konja
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu41944, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu41404, South Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu41944, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu41404, South Korea
| | - Ghader Bashiri
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alok Mitra
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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13
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Xu H, Thomas MJ, Kaul S, Kallinger R, Ouweneel AB, Maruko E, Oussaada SM, Jongejan A, Cense HA, Nieuwdorp M, Serlie MJ, Goldberg IJ, Civelek M, Parks BW, Lusis AJ, Knaack D, Schill RL, May SC, Reho JJ, Grobe JL, Gantner B, Sahoo D, Sorci-Thomas MG. Pcpe2, a Novel Extracellular Matrix Protein, Regulates Adipocyte SR-BI-Mediated High-Density Lipoprotein Uptake. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2708-2725. [PMID: 34551590 PMCID: PMC8551036 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the role of adipocyte Pcpe2 (procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 2) in SR-BI (scavenger receptor class BI)-mediated HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) uptake and contributions to adipose lipid storage. Approach and Results Pcpe2, a glycoprotein devoid of intrinsic proteolytic activity, is believed to participate in extracellular protein-protein interactions, supporting SR-BI- mediated HDL-C uptake. In published studies, Pcpe2 deficiency increased the development of atherosclerosis by reducing SR-BI-mediated HDL-C catabolism, but the biological impact of this deficiency on adipocyte SR-BI-mediated HDL-C uptake is unknown. Differentiated cells from Ldlr-/-/Pcpe2-/- (Pcpe2-/-) mouse adipose tissue showed elevated SR-BI protein levels, but significantly reduced HDL-C uptake compared to Ldlr-/- (control) adipose tissue. SR-BI-mediated HDL-C uptake was restored by preincubation of cells with exogenous Pcpe2. In diet-fed mice lacking Pcpe2, significant reductions in visceral, subcutaneous, and brown adipose tissue mass were observed, despite elevations in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations. Significant positive correlations exist between adipose mass and Pcpe2 expression in both mice and humans. Conclusions Overall, these findings reveal a novel and unexpected function for Pcpe2 in modulating SR-BI expression and function as it relates to adipose tissue expansion and cholesterol balance in both mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | - Michael J. Thomas
- Pharmacology & Toxicology and
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sushma Kaul
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | | | - Amber B. Ouweneel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | - Elisa Maruko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | - Sabrina M. Oussaada
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Bioinformatics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Huib A. Cense
- Department of Surgery, Rode Kruis Ziekenhuis, Beverwijk, the Netherlands
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mireille J. Serlie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ira J. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University Langone School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Mete Civelek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Brian W. Parks
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Aldons J. Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Human Genetics, Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, California
| | - Darcy Knaack
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Rebecca L. Schill
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sarah C. May
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - John J. Reho
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core
| | - Justin L. Grobe
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Comprehensive Rodent Metabolic Phenotyping Core
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Benjamin Gantner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
| | - Daisy Sahoo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
- Pharmacology & Toxicology and
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mary G. Sorci-Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine
- Pharmacology & Toxicology and
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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14
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Trigatti BL. Pcpe2: A New Partner for the Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I in High-Density Lipoprotein Selective Lipid Uptake. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2726-2729. [PMID: 34615373 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo L Trigatti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Changing Perspectives on HDL: From Simple Quantity Measurements to Functional Quality Assessment. J Lipids 2021; 2021:5585521. [PMID: 33996157 PMCID: PMC8096543 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5585521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) comprises a heterogeneous group of particles differing in size, density, and composition. HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels have long been suggested to indicate cardiovascular risk, inferred from multiple epidemiological studies. The failure of HDL-C targeted interventions and genetic studies has raised doubts on the atheroprotective role of HDL-C. The current consensus is that HDL-C is neither a biomarker nor a causative agent of cardiovascular disorders. With better understanding of the complex nature of HDL which comprises a large number of proteins and lipids with unique functions, recent focus has shifted from HDL quantity to HDL quality in terms of atheroprotective functions. The current research is focused on developing laboratory assays to assess HDL functions for cardiovascular risk prediction. Also, HDL mimetics designed based on the key determinants of HDL functions are being investigated to modify cardiovascular risk. Improving HDL functions by altering its composition is the key area of future research in HDL biology to reduce cardiovascular risk.
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16
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Ge Q, Guo Y, Zheng W, Zhao S, Cai Y, Qi X. Molecular mechanisms detected in yak lung tissue via transcriptome-wide analysis provide insights into adaptation to high altitudes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7786. [PMID: 33833362 PMCID: PMC8032655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their long-term colonization of and widespread distribution in plateau environments, yaks can serve as an ideal natural animal model for the adaptive evolution of other plateau species, including humans. Some studies reported that the lung and heart are two key organs that show adaptive transcriptional changes in response to high altitudes, and most of the genes that show differential expression in lung tissue across different altitudes display nonlinear regulation. To explore the molecular mechanisms that are activated in yak lung tissue in response to hypoxia, the mRNAs, lncRNAs and miRNAs of lung tissue from 9 yaks living at three different altitudes (3400 m, 4200 m and 5000 m), with three repetitions per altitude, were sequenced. Two Zaosheng cattle from 1500 m were selected as low-altitude control. A total of 21,764 mRNAs, 14,168 lncRNAs and 1209 miRNAs (305 known and 904 novel miRNAs) were identified. In a comparison of yaks and cattle, 4975 mRNAs, 3326 lncRNAs and 75 miRNAs were differentially expressed. A total of 756 mRNAs, 346 lncRNAs and 83 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed among yaks living at three different altitudes (fold change ≥ 2 and P-value < 0.05). The differentially expressed genes between yaks and cattle were functionally enriched in long-chain fatty acid metabolic process and protein processing, while the differentially expressed genes among yaks living at three different altitudes were enriched in immune response and the cell cycle. Furthermore, competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks were investigated to illustrate the roles of ceRNAs in this process, the result was also support the GO and KEGG analysis. The present research provides important genomic insights for discovering the mechanisms that are activated in response to hypoxia in yak lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyun Ge
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yongbo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Wangshan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Yuan Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xuebin Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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17
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Insulin Rescued MCP-1-Suppressed Cholesterol Efflux to Large HDL2 Particles via ABCA1, ABCG1, SR-BI and PI3K/Akt Activation in Adipocytes. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 36:665-678. [PMID: 33740174 PMCID: PMC9270268 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Intracellular cholesterol imbalance plays an important role in adipocyte dysfunction of obesity. However, it is unclear whether obesity induced monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) causes the adipocyte cholesterol imbalance. In this study, we hypothesize that MCP-1 impairs cholesterol efflux of adipocytes to HDL2 and insulin rescues this process. Methods We recruited coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with obesity and overweight to analyze the association between MCP-1 and HDL2-C by Pearson correlation coefficients. We performed [3H]-cholesterol efflux assay to demonstrate the effect of MCP-1 and insulin on cholesterol efflux from 3T3-L1 adipocytes to large HDL2 particles. Western blot, RT-qPCR, cell-surface protein assay, and confocal microscopy were performed to determine the regulatory mechanism. Results Plasma MCP-1 concentrations were negatively correlated with HDL2-C in CAD patients with obesity and overweight (r = −0.60, p < 0.001). In differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, MCP-1 reduced cholesterol efflux to large HDL2 particles by 55.4% via decreasing ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1), ABCG1, and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) expression. Intriguingly, insulin rescued MCP-1 mediated-inhibition of cholesterol efflux to HDL2 in an Akt phosphorylation-dependent manner. The rescue efficacy of insulin was 138.2% for HDL2. Moreover, insulin increased mRNA and protein expression of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI at both transcriptional and translational levels via the PI3K/Akt activation. Conclusions These findings indicate that MCP-1 impairs cholesterol efflux to large HDL2 particles in adipocytes, which is reversed by insulin via the upregulation of ABCA1, ABCG1, and SR-BI. Therefore, insulin might improve cholesterol imbalance by an anti-inflammatory effect in adipocytes. Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2000033297; Date of registration: 2020/05/ 27; Retrospectively registered. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10557-021-07166-2.
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18
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SR-BI deficiency disassociates obesity from hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance development in high fat diet-fed mice. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 89:108564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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19
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Lipoprotein receptor SR-B1 deficiency enhances adipose tissue inflammation and reduces susceptibility to hepatic steatosis during diet-induced obesity in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1866:158909. [PMID: 33631309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.158909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) is a membrane lipoprotein receptor/lipid transporter involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, but its role in obesity and fatty liver development is unclear. Here, we determined the effects of SR-B1 deficiency on plasma metabolic and inflammatory parameters as well as fat deposition in adipose tissue and liver during obesity. To induce obesity, we performed high-fat diet (HFD) exposure for 12 weeks in male SR-B1 knock-out (SR-B1-/-, n = 14) and wild-type (WT, n = 12) mice. Compared to HFD-fed WT mice, plasma from HFD-fed SR-B1-/- animals exhibited increased total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels. In addition, hypertrophied adipocytes and macrophage-containing crown-like structures (CLS) were observed in adipose tissue from HFD-fed SR-B1 deficient mice. Remarkably, liver from obese SR-B1-/- mice showed attenuated TG content, dysregulation in hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) expression, increased hepatic TG secretion, and altered hepatic fatty acid (FA) composition. In conclusion, we show that SR-B1 deficiency alters the metabolic environment of obese mice through modulation of liver and adipose tissue lipid accumulation. Our findings provide the basis for further elucidation of SR-B1's role in obesity and fatty liver, two major public health issues that increase the risk of advanced chronic diseases and overall mortality.
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20
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Heier C, Knittelfelder O, Hofbauer HF, Mende W, Pörnbacher I, Schiller L, Schoiswohl G, Xie H, Grönke S, Shevchenko A, Kühnlein RP. Hormone-sensitive lipase couples intergenerational sterol metabolism to reproductive success. eLife 2021; 10:63252. [PMID: 33538247 PMCID: PMC7880688 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triacylglycerol (TG) and steryl ester (SE) lipid storage is a universal strategy to maintain organismal energy and membrane homeostasis. Cycles of building and mobilizing storage fat are fundamental in (re)distributing lipid substrates between tissues or to progress ontogenetic transitions. In this study, we show that Hormone-sensitive lipase (Hsl) specifically controls SE mobilization to initiate intergenerational sterol transfer in Drosophila melanogaster. Tissue-autonomous Hsl functions in the maternal fat body and germline coordinately prevent adult SE overstorage and maximize sterol allocation to embryos. While Hsl-deficiency is largely dispensable for normal development on sterol-rich diets, animals depend on adipocyte Hsl for optimal fecundity when dietary sterol becomes limiting. Notably, accumulation of SE but not of TG is a characteristic of Hsl-deficient cells across phyla including murine white adipocytes. In summary, we identified Hsl as an ancestral regulator of SE degradation, which improves intergenerational sterol transfer and reproductive success in flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Heier
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Oskar Knittelfelder
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Harald F Hofbauer
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Mende
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ingrid Pörnbacher
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Schiller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriele Schoiswohl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hao Xie
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian Grönke
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrej Shevchenko
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ronald P Kühnlein
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria.,Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
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21
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Lu X, Wang Q, Liang H, Xu L, Sha L, Wu Y, Ma L, Yang P, Lei H. Contribution of Different Phenotypes of Obesity to Metabolic Abnormalities from a Cross-Sectional Study in the Northwest China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:3111-3121. [PMID: 34262315 PMCID: PMC8273743 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s314935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study has been conducted to explore the correlation between phenotypes of obesity and metabolic comorbidities. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited 14,724 adults aged ≥18 years with a randomized stratified sampling strategy. Obesity was classified into four types according to body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR): normal weight with central obesity (NWCO) and without (NW) CO, and obese or overweight with (OBCO) and without (OB) central obesity. Uric acid (UA), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and lipid profile were measured. RESULTS The prevalence of hyperuricemia in the 4 groups (NW, NWCO, OB and OBCO) was 3.7%, 5.6%, 8.7% and 12.4%, whilst the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 13.4%, 27.4%, 30.3% and 43.7%, separately. The prevalence of hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (hypo-HDL emia) was 20.1%, 21.4%, 30.8% and 27.9%, while the prevalence of hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (hyper-LDL emia) was 9.8%, 24.4%, 12.3% and 27.9%. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 11.2%, 23.5%, 14.7%, 28.5% and the prevalence of hyperglycemia was 9.7%, 22.6%, 18.5%, and 27.0%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was 6.9%, 13.1%, 14.7%, and 20.6%. For various metabolic abnormalities, OBCO have the highest risks compared with NW (hyperuricemia: adjusted OR (aOR)= 2.60; hypertriglyceridemia: aOR= 3.19; hypercholesterolemia: aOR= 1.48; hyper LDLemia: aOR= 2.21; hypo HDLemia: aOR= 1.42; hyperglycemia: aOR= 1.95; hypertension: aOR= 2.16). The risk of hyper LDLemia, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia in the NWCO group was higher than that in the OB group (hyperLDLemia: aOR: 1.69 vs 0.97; hypercholesterolemia: aOR: 1.27 vs 1.24; hyperglycemia: aOR: 1.62 vs 1.28). CONCLUSION Different phenotypes of obesity are significantly associated with metabolic abnormalities. NWCO is more closely associated with hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycemia and hyper LDLemia. General obesity and central obesity have a synergistic effect on the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixuan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xixuan Lu Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, No. 804, Shengli South Street, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +860951-6746645 Email
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medical Office, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Radiology, People’s Liberation Army’s Joint Service for the 942nd Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liping Sha
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuemei Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liting Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Endocrinology, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People’s Republic of China
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Abdullah AZ, Fitri SA, Muniroh M, Agustini TW. Patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fish protein concentrate alters insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and igf binding protein (IGFBP)-3 level of sprague dawley neonate rats-induced malnutrition. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is caused by inadequate protein intake and affects growth factor. High protein from patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fish is a well-known protein source. This study aims to investigate the effect of patin fish protein concentrate (PFPC) in the IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 level of Sprague Dawley (SD) neonate rats-induced malnutrition. Thirty male SD neonate rats were divided randomly into five groups, namely normal control (K1), malnutrition control (K2), malnutrition with PFPC 13.26 mg.g-1 body weight (BW)/day (X1), malnutrition with PFPC 19.89 mg.g-1 BW/d (X2), and malnutrition with casein supplement 13.26 mg.g-1 BW/d (X3). K1 received a standard diet, while the others received a low 8% protein diet (L8PD) since those were born until 21 days. The standard diet was refed for all groups during the intervention (14 days). IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels were measured by ELISA. Normal data were analyzed by using One-way ANOVA which then was followed by post-hoc Bonferroni. Meanwhile, the others were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis and followed by Mann-Whitney U-test. Spearman test was used for correlation. PFPC contained 81.07% of protein, 4.08% of fat, 7.24% of moisture, 2.77% of ash, and 4.83% of carbohydrate. These contents had affected the growth factor. As a result, in the PFPC intervention, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3 levels (p <0.05) were decreased, while the controls were increased. The decreased values were shown in IGFBP-3 levels (p <0.05) while the increase was shown in both controls. On the other hand, the increase in body weight was shown in all groups, including control ones. A strong correlation was found between IGF-1 and IGFBP-3. PFPC has additional value on repairing malnutrition that is the best dose in effecting IGF-1 dan IGFBP3 levels is 13.26 mg.g-1 BW/d.
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Stadler JT, Marsche G. Obesity-Related Changes in High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8985. [PMID: 33256096 PMCID: PMC7731239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In obese individuals, atherogenic dyslipidemia is a very common and important factor in the increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Adiposity-associated dyslipidemia is characterized by low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and an increase in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Several factors and mechanisms are involved in lowering HDL-C levels in the obese state and HDL quantity and quality is closely related to adiponectin levels and the bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate. Recent studies have shown that obesity profoundly alters HDL metabolism, resulting in altered HDL subclass distribution, composition, and function. Importantly, weight loss through gastric bypass surgery and Mediterranean diet, especially when enriched with virgin olive oil, is associated with increased HDL-C levels and significantly improved metrics of HDL function. A thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms is crucial for a better understanding of the impact of obesity on lipoprotein metabolism and for the development of appropriate therapeutic approaches. The objective of this review article was to summarize the newly identified changes in the metabolism, composition, and function of HDL in obesity and to discuss possible pathophysiological consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia T. Stadler
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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24
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Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Bosco F, Scicchitano M, Scarano F, Nucera S, Zito MC, Ruga S, Carresi C, Macrì R, Guarnieri L, Maiuolo J, Tavernese A, Coppoletta AR, Nicita C, Mollace R, Palma E, Muscoli C, Belzung C, Mollace V. Cholesterol homeostasis: Researching a dialogue between the brain and peripheral tissues. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105215. [PMID: 33007421 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis is a highly regulated process in human body because of its several functions underlying the biology of cell membranes, the synthesis of all steroid hormones and bile acids and the need of trafficking lipids destined to cell metabolism. In particular, it has been recognized that peripheral and central nervous system cholesterol metabolism are separated by the blood brain barrier and are regulated independently; indeed, peripherally, it depends on the balance between dietary intake and hepatic synthesis on one hand and its degradation on the other, whereas in central nervous system it is synthetized de novo to ensure brain physiology. In view of this complex metabolism and its relevant functions in mammalian, impaired levels of cholesterol can induce severe cellular dysfunction leading to metabolic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this review is to clarify the role of cholesterol homeostasis in health and disease highlighting new intriguing aspects of the cross talk between its central and peripheral metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Gliozzi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesca Bosco
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Miriam Scicchitano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Federica Scarano
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Saverio Nucera
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Maria Caterina Zito
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Cristina Carresi
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Roberta Macrì
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Guarnieri
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Jessica Maiuolo
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Tavernese
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Rita Coppoletta
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Caterina Nicita
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Ernesto Palma
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Vincenzo Mollace
- Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH) - Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy; IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta, Rome, Italy.
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25
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Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176275. [PMID: 32872570 PMCID: PMC7503727 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 860] [Impact Index Per Article: 215.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), one of the most common metabolic disorders, is caused by a combination of two primary factors: defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and the inability of insulin-sensitive tissues to respond appropriately to insulin. Because insulin release and activity are essential processes for glucose homeostasis, the molecular mechanisms involved in the synthesis and release of insulin, as well as in its detection are tightly regulated. Defects in any of the mechanisms involved in these processes can lead to a metabolic imbalance responsible for the development of the disease. This review analyzes the key aspects of T2DM, as well as the molecular mechanisms and pathways implicated in insulin metabolism leading to T2DM and insulin resistance. For that purpose, we summarize the data gathered up until now, focusing especially on insulin synthesis, insulin release, insulin sensing and on the downstream effects on individual insulin-sensitive organs. The review also covers the pathological conditions perpetuating T2DM such as nutritional factors, physical activity, gut dysbiosis and metabolic memory. Additionally, because T2DM is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis development, we review here some of the molecular mechanisms that link T2DM and insulin resistance (IR) as well as cardiovascular risk as one of the most important complications in T2DM.
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26
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Oxidized LDL Modify the Human Adipocyte Phenotype to an Insulin Resistant, Proinflamatory and Proapoptotic Profile. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040534. [PMID: 32244787 PMCID: PMC7226150 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Little information exists in humans on the regulation that oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) exerts on adipocyte metabolism, which is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. The aim was to analyze the oxLDL effects on adipocytokine secretion and scavenger receptors (SRs) and cell death markers in human visceral adipocytes. Human differentiated adipocytes from visceral adipose tissue from non-obese and morbidly obese subjects were incubated with increasing oxLDL concentrations. mRNA expression of SRs, markers of apoptosis and autophagy, secretion of adipocytokines, and glucose uptake were analyzed. In non-obese and in morbidly obese subjects, oxLDL produced a decrease in insulin-induced glucose uptake, a significant dose-dependent increase in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, and adiponectin secretion, and a decrease in leptin secretion. OxLDL produced a significant increase of Lox-1 and a decrease in Cxcl16 and Cl-p1 expression. The expression of Bnip3 (marker of apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy) was significantly increased and Bcl2 (antiapoptotic marker) was decreased. OxLDL could sensitize adipocytes to a lower insulin-induced glucose uptake, a more proinflammatory phenotype, and could modify the gene expression involved in apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and mitophagy. OxLDL can upregulate Lox-1, and this could lead to a possible amplification of proinflammatory and proapoptotic effects of oxLDL.
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27
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Lorenzatti AJ, Toth PP. New Perspectives on Atherogenic Dyslipidaemia and Cardiovascular Disease. Eur Cardiol 2020; 15:1-9. [PMID: 32180834 PMCID: PMC7066832 DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2019.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, atherogenic dyslipidaemia has become one of the most common phenotypic presentations of lipid abnormalities, being strongly and unequivocally associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Despite the excellent results achieved from statin and non-statin management of LDL cholesterol and CV events prevention, there still remains a significant residual risk, associated with the prevalence of non-LDL cholesterol lipid patterns characterised by elevated triglyceride levels, low HDL cholesterol, a preponderance of small and dense LDL particles, accumulation of remnant lipoproteins and postprandial hyperlipidaemia. These qualitative and quantitative lipid modifications are largely associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and obesity, the prevalence of which has grown to epidemic proportions throughout the world. In this review, we analyse the pathophysiology of this particular dyslipidaemia, its relationship with the development of atherosclerotic CV disease and, finally, briefly describe the therapeutic approaches, including changes in lifestyle and current pharmacological interventions to manage these lipid alterations aimed at preventing CV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J Lorenzatti
- DAMIC Medical Institute, Rusculleda Foundation for Research, Cordoba, Argentina.,Department of Cardiology, Cordoba Hospital, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Peter P Toth
- CGH Medical Center, Sterling, IL, US.,Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, US
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28
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Tavernier G, Caspar-Bauguil S, Viguerie N. Apolipoprotein M: new connections with diet, adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome. Curr Opin Lipidol 2020; 31:8-14. [PMID: 31815756 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To focus on state-of-the-art knowledge on the apolipoprotein M (ApoM) physiology and physiopathology regarding metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS In humans, the ApoM was recently described as secreted by adipocytes. Obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes are associated with low circulating ApoM and adipose tissue APOM expression. Dieting-induced weight loss enhances adipose tissue expression and secretion, and exercise training increases plasma ApoM. The ApoM is a chaperone for the bioactive sphingolipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), which has a specific role in inflammation. Its association with S1P in the inhibition of brown adipose tissue activity and subsequent insulin sensitivity was reported with the model of ApoM-deficient mouse. SUMMARY The adipose tissue is an endocrine organ responsible for obesity-related comorbidities. Obesity and dieting impact the adipose tissue secretory profile. The recent demonstration of ApoM being secreted by healthy adipocytes questions about the possible role of this adipose production in metabolic diseases. Low-circulating ApoM is associated with unhealthy metabolic phenotype. The lower circulating apoM during metabolic syndrome might be a cause of obesity-related comorbidities. Lifestyle interventions enhance ApoM production. Whether it acts in combination to S1P or other small lipidic molecules deserves further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Tavernier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC)
- University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Paul Sabatier University
| | - Sylvie Caspar-Bauguil
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC)
- University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Paul Sabatier University
- Departments of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, Toulouse University Hospitals, Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Viguerie
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC)
- University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Paul Sabatier University
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29
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Kataoka H, Sugie K. Serum adiponectin levels between patients with Parkinson’s disease and those with PSP. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:1125-1131. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-04216-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Zhang T, Chen J, Tang X, Luo Q, Xu D, Yu B. Interaction between adipocytes and high-density lipoprotein:new insights into the mechanism of obesity-induced dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:223. [PMID: 31842884 PMCID: PMC6913018 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the most common nutritional disorder worldwide and is associated with dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The hallmark of dyslipidemia in obesity is low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Moreover, the quality of HDL is also changed in the obese setting. However, there are still some disputes on the explanations for this phenomenon. There is increasing evidence that adipose tissue, as an energy storage tissue, participates in several metabolism activities, such as hormone secretion and cholesterol efflux. It can influence overall reverse cholesterol transport and plasma HDL-C level. In obesity individuals, the changes in morphology and function of adipose tissue affect plasma HDL-C levels and HDL function, thus, adipose tissue should be the main target for the treatment of HDL metabolism in obesity. In this review, we will summarize the cross-talk between adipocytes and HDL related to cardiovascular disease and focus on the new insights of the potential mechanism underlying obesity and HDL dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyan Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bilian Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Juárez-Rojas JG, Torre-Villalvazo I, Medina-Urrutia AX, Reyes-Barrera J, Sainz-Escárrega VH, Posadas-Romero C, Macías-Cruz A, Jorge-Galarza E. Participation of white adipose tissue dysfunction on circulating HDL cholesterol and HDL particle size in apparently healthy humans. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 44:920-928. [PMID: 31792333 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-019-0493-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use the combined presence of the elevated insulin resistance index in adipose tissue (Adipo-IR) and low values of adiponectin as a marker of dysfunctional adipose tissue, and to analyze its possible association with low values of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and small size of HDL particles. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The analysis included 253 subjects with functional adipose tissue and 253 with dysfunctional adipose tissue, considering similar gender, age, and body mass index (BMI). Adipo-IR was considered when index values (free fatty acids × insulin concentrations) were ≥75th percentile. Low levels of adiponectin were considered when concentration in serum was <25th percentile (determined by ELISA). HDL size was estimated by a quantitative validated equation. Small HDL size was considered when values were <25th percentile. RESULTS When comparing subjects with functional adipose tissue with those of dysfunctional adipose tissue, the latter had a higher prevalence of low HDL-C (51.4% vs. 64.0%; p = 0.004) and small HDL (56.9% vs. 67.6%; p = 0.009). Multivariate analysis indicated that independently from other metabolic risk factors, dysfunction of adipose tissue is significantly associated with low HDL-C (OR: 1.624 [CI 95%: 1.100-2.397]) and small HDL (OR: 1.462 [CI 95%: 1.000-2.139]). Adding BMI, waist circumference, and subcutaneous or visceral adipose tissue did not modify the association. CONCLUSIONS Dysfunction of adipose tissue is associated with a 65 and 50% higher probability of having low HDL-C and small HDL. Identification of dysfunctional adipose tissue could be a useful tool in the clinical setting to prevent the cardiometabolic risk independently from adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan G Juárez-Rojas
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivan Torre-Villalvazo
- Department of Nutrition Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Aida X Medina-Urrutia
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Reyes-Barrera
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Víctor H Sainz-Escárrega
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Posadas-Romero
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Macías-Cruz
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Esteban Jorge-Galarza
- Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, Mexico.
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32
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Naeini MB, Momtazi AA, Jaafari MR, Johnston TP, Barreto G, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Antitumor effects of curcumin: A lipid perspective. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14743-14758. [PMID: 30741424 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism plays an important role in cancer development due to the necessities of rapidly dividing cells to increase structural, energetic, and biosynthetic demands for cell proliferation. Basically, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other related diseases, and cancer are associated with a common hyperactivated "lipogenic state." Recent evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming and overproduction of enzymes involved in the synthesis of fatty acids are the new hallmarks of cancer, which occur in an early phase of tumorigenesis. As the first evidence to confirm dysregulated lipid metabolism in cancer cells, the overexpression of fatty acid synthase (FAS) was observed in breast cancer patients and demonstrated the role of FAS in cancer. Other enzymes of fatty acid synthesis have recently been found to be dysregulated in cancer, including ATP-dependent citrate lyase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which further underscores the connection of these metabolic pathways with cancer cell survival and proliferation. The degree of overexpression of lipogenic enzymes and elevated lipid utilization in tumors is closely associated with cancer progression. The question that arises is whether the progression of cancer can be suppressed, or at least decelerated, by modulating gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism. Curcumin, due to its effects on the regulation of lipogenic enzymes, might be able to suppress, or even cause regression of tumor growth. This review discusses recent evidence concerning the important role of lipogenic enzymes in the metabolism of cancer cells and whether the inhibitory effects of curcumin on lipogenic enzymes is therapeutically efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Bemani Naeini
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Abbas Momtazi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - George Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maciej Banach
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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33
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Bordicchia M, Spannella F, Ferretti G, Bacchetti T, Vignini A, Di Pentima C, Mazzanti L, Sarzani R. PCSK9 is Expressed in Human Visceral Adipose Tissue and Regulated by Insulin and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020245. [PMID: 30634533 PMCID: PMC6358804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) binds to and degrades the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), contributing to hypercholesterolemia. Adipose tissue plays a role in lipoprotein metabolism, but there are almost no data about PCSK9 and LDLR regulation in human adipocytes. We studied PCSK9 and LDLR regulation by insulin, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP, a potent lipolytic agonist that antagonizes insulin), and LDL in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and in human cultured adipocytes. PCSK9 was expressed in VAT and its expression was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI). Both intracellular mature and secreted PCSK9 were abundant in cultured human adipocytes. Insulin induced PCSK9, LDLR, and sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and -2 expression (SREBP-2). ANP reduced insulin-induced PCSK9, especially in the context of a medium simulating hyperglycemia. Human LDL induced both mature and secreted PCSK9 and reduced LDLR. ANP indirectly blocked the LDLR degradation, reducing the positive effect of LDL on PCSK9. In conclusion, PCSK9 is expressed in human adipocytes. When the expression of PCSK9 is induced, LDLR is reduced through the PCSK9-mediated degradation. On the contrary, when the induction of PCSK9 by insulin and LDL is partially blocked by ANP, the LDLR degradation is reduced. This suggests that NPs could be able to control LDLR levels, preventing PCSK9 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Bordicchia
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesco Spannella
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", 60126 Ancona, Italy.
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, "Hypertension Excellence Centre" of the European Society of Hypertension, IRCCS-INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Gianna Ferretti
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, School of Nutrition, University "Politecnica delle Marche", 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Bacchetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, School of Nutrition, University "Politecnica delle Marche", 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Arianna Vignini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, School of Nutrition, University "Politecnica delle Marche", 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Chiara Di Pentima
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", 60126 Ancona, Italy.
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, "Hypertension Excellence Centre" of the European Society of Hypertension, IRCCS-INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Laura Mazzanti
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, School of Nutrition, University "Politecnica delle Marche", 60126 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Sarzani
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, University "Politecnica delle Marche", 60126 Ancona, Italy.
- Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, "Hypertension Excellence Centre" of the European Society of Hypertension, IRCCS-INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy.
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van der Sluis RJ, Verwilligen RAF, Lendvai Z, Wever R, Hoekstra M, Van Eck M. HDL is essential for atherosclerotic lesion regression in Apoe knockout mice by bone marrow Apoe reconstitution. Atherosclerosis 2018; 278:240-249. [PMID: 30340108 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although studies in mice have suggested that lesion regression is feasible, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we determined the impact of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on atherosclerosis regression outcome. METHODS Atherosclerotic lesion dynamics were studied upon bone marrow transplantation-mediated re-introduction of apolipoprotein E (Apoe) in Apoe knockout mice. Probucol was used to pharmacologically deplete HDL. RESULTS Restoration of Apoe function was associated with an initial growth of atherosclerotic lesions and parallel decrease in lesional macrophage foam cell content (47 ± 4% at 4 weeks versus 72 ± 2% at baseline: p < 0.001), despite the fact that cholesterol levels were markedly reduced. Notably, significant lesion regression was detected from 4 weeks onwards, when plasma cholesterol levels had returned to the normolipidemic range. As a result, lesions were 41% smaller (p < 0.05) at 8 weeks than at 4 weeks after bone marrow transplantation. Regressed lesions contained an even lower level of macrophage foam cells (33 ± 5%: p < 0.001) and were rich in collagen. Probucol co-treatment was associated with a 3.2-fold lower (p < 0.05) plasma HDL-cholesterol level and a more pro-inflammatory (CCR2+) monocyte phenotype. Importantly, probucol-treated mice exhibited atherosclerotic lesions that were larger than those of regular chow diet-fed bone marrow transplanted mice at 8 weeks (186 ± 15*103 μm2 for probucol-treated versus 120 ± 19*103 μm2 for controls: p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We have shown that probucol-induced HDL deficiency impairs the ability of established lesions to regress in response to reversal of the genetic hypercholesterolemia in Apoe knockout mice. Our studies thus highlight a crucial role for HDL in the process of atherosclerosis regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald J van der Sluis
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Robin A F Verwilligen
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Zsuzsanna Lendvai
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert Wever
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Menno Hoekstra
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Van Eck
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Duong M, Uno K, Nankivell V, Bursill C, Nicholls SJ. Induction of obesity impairs reverse cholesterol transport in ob/ob mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202102. [PMID: 30216355 PMCID: PMC6138368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Obesity is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is an important cardioprotective mechanism. This study aimed to investigate RCT changes in a murine model of obesity. Methods Ob/ob and control mice were injected with [3H]-cholesterol-labelled macrophages and cholesterol accumulation quantified after 48 h. Ex vivo, cholesterol efflux and uptake were determined in hepatic and adipose tissues. Results Ob/ob mice had more labelled cholesterol in their plasma (86%, p<0.001), suggesting impaired RCT. SR-BI-mediated cholesterol efflux was elevated from ob/ob mice (serum, 33%; apoB-depleted plasma, 14%, p<0.01) and HDL-c were also higher (60%, p<0.01). Ex vivo it was found that cholesterol uptake was significantly lower into the livers and adipose tissue of ob/ob mice, compared to non-obese wildtype controls. Furthermore, ex vivo cholesterol efflux was reduced in ob/ob liver and adipose tissue towards apoA-I and HDL. Consistent with this, protein levels of SR-BI and ABCG1 were significantly lower in ob/ob hepatic and adipose tissue than in wildtype mice. Finally, labelled cholesterol concentrations were lower in ob/ob bile (67%, p<0.01) and faeces (76%, p<0.0001). Conclusion Obesity causes impairment in RCT due to reduced plasma cholesterol uptake and efflux by hepatocytes and adipocytes. A reduction in the capacity for plasma cholesterol clearance may partly account for increased CVD risk with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- MyNgan Duong
- Heart Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Cell Biology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Kiyoko Uno
- Department of Cell Biology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Victoria Nankivell
- Heart Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christina Bursill
- Heart Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Nicholls
- Heart Health, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of Cell Biology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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Kajani S, Curley S, McGillicuddy FC. Unravelling HDL-Looking beyond the Cholesterol Surface to the Quality Within. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071971. [PMID: 29986413 PMCID: PMC6073561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles have experienced a turbulent decade of falling from grace with widespread demotion from the most-sought-after therapeutic target to reverse cardiovascular disease (CVD), to mere biomarker status. HDL is slowly emerging from these dark times due to the HDL flux hypothesis wherein measures of HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) are better predictors of reduced CVD risk than static HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. HDL particles are emulsions of metabolites, lipids, protein, and microRNA (miR) built on the backbone of Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) that are growing in their complexity due to the higher sensitivity of the respective “omic” technologies. Our understanding of particle composition has increased dramatically within this era and has exposed how our understanding of these particles to date has been oversimplified. Elucidation of the HDL proteome coupled with the identification of specific miRs on HDL have highlighted the “hormonal” characteristics of HDL in that it carries and delivers messages systemically. HDL can dock to most peripheral cells via its receptors, including SR-B1, ABCA1, and ABCG1, which may be a critical step for facilitating HDL-to-cell communication. The composition of HDL particles is, in turn, altered in numerous disease states including diabetes, auto-immune disease, and CVD. The consequence of changes in composition, however, on subsequent biological activities of HDL is currently poorly understood and this is an important avenue for the field to explore in the future. Improving HDL particle quality as opposed to HDL quantity may, in turn, prove a more beneficial investment to reduce CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarina Kajani
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Sean Curley
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4 Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Fiona C McGillicuddy
- Cardiometabolic Research Group, Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, 4 Dublin, Ireland.
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Talbot CPJ, Plat J, Joris PJ, Konings M, Kusters YHAM, Schalkwijk CG, Ritsch A, Mensink RP. HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and cholesteryl ester transfer are associated with body mass, but are not changed by diet-induced weight loss: A randomized trial in abdominally obese men. Atherosclerosis 2018; 274:23-28. [PMID: 29747087 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity is associated with a lower HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from macrophages and a higher CETP (cholesteryl ester transfer protein) activity, but effects of weight loss are not clear. In addition, associations with visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue are not known. We therefore investigated effects of diet-induced weight loss on HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux and cholesterol ester (CE) transfer in abdominally obese men. Differences between normal-weight and abdominally obese men were also examined. METHODS Twenty-five apparently healthy, normal-weight men (waist circumference: <94 cm) and 52 abdominally obese men (waist circumference: 102-110 cm) were included. Abdominally obese subjects were randomly allocated to a dietary weight-loss intervention group or a no-weight loss control group. Individuals from the intervention group followed a very-low-calorie diet for 6 weeks to obtain a waist circumference below 102 cm, followed by a 2-week weight-stable period. Cholesterol efflux was measured in BODIPY-labeled murine J774 macrophages. CE transfer was measured by quantifying the transfer of CE from radiolabeled exogenous HDL to apoB-containing lipoproteins. RESULTS Cholesterol efflux capacity was 9 percentage point (pp) lower in abdominally obese than in normal-weight men (p≤0.001), while CE transfer was 5 pp higher (p≤0.01). Diet-induced weight-loss of 10.3 kg did not change cholesterol efflux and CE transfer. In addition, stepwise regression analysis did not suggest that the different fat depots are differently related to efflux capacity and CE transfer. CONCLUSIONS After a 2-week weight-stable period, dietary weight loss of 10 kg did not improve ABCA1-mediated cholesterol efflux and CE transfer in abdominally obese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte P J Talbot
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Joris
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice Konings
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvo H A M Kusters
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM (School for Cardiovascular Diseases), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Casper G Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM (School for Cardiovascular Diseases), Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Ronald P Mensink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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la Rose AM, Bazioti V, Westerterp M. Adipocyte Membrane Cholesterol Regulates Obesity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:687-689. [PMID: 29563111 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.310768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anouk M la Rose
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Section Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Venetia Bazioti
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Section Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marit Westerterp
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Section Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Bertolami A, de Lima-Júnior JC, Cintra RM, Carvalho LS, Gonzaga CDC, Sulzbach ML, Petisco ACGP, Barbosa JEM, Faludi AA, Plutzky J, Bertolami MC, Sposito AC. Adiponectin concentration data improve the estimation of atherosclerotic risk in normal and in overweight subjects. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018; 88:388-396. [PMID: 29280189 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combinations of adipokines and body mass parameters to estimate carotid atherosclerotic disease have not been completely delineated. OBJECTIVE To test the combinations of well-established, easily accessible body mass indices and circulating biomarkers to identify increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in a primary prevention setting. DESIGN AND PATIENTS In a cross-sectional analysis of 339 asymptomatic individuals with no history of cardiovascular events, inflammatory and insulin sensitivity biomarkers as well as adipokine levels were measured and combined with body mass parameters to evaluate the best marker for increased cIMT. RESULTS As isolated parameters, body mass index (BMI) and adiponectin best identified abnormal cIMT (P = .04). Adiponectin levels were also linked to the relationship between BMI and cIMT (β = 0.0371; P = .01). Twenty-nine individuals with increased cIMT were missed by BMI alone but detected by combining BMI and adiponectin measurements. When compared with BMI alone, the combination of adiponectin plus BMI improved the c-statistic (0.549-0.567) and the integrated discrimination improvement index (0.01725; P = .021). Segregation of individuals by the combined use of BMI + adiponectin is associated with significant differences in insulin sensitivity, glomerular filtration rate, systemic inflammatory activity, dyslipidaemia and cIMT. CONCLUSIONS Combining plasma adiponectin measurements and BMI improves estimation of cIMT as compared to anthropometric parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Bertolami
- Department of Dyslipidemia, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José C de Lima-Júnior
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, State University of Campinas School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Riobaldo M Cintra
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, State University of Campinas School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz S Carvalho
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, State University of Campinas School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina de C Gonzaga
- Department of Hypertension, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martha L Sulzbach
- Department of Dyslipidemia, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana C G P Petisco
- Echocardiography Department, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José E M Barbosa
- Echocardiography Department, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André A Faludi
- Department of Dyslipidemia, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Plutzky
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcelo C Bertolami
- Department of Dyslipidemia, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Laboratory of Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology, State University of Campinas School of Medicine, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Cuffe H, Liu M, Key CCC, Boudyguina E, Sawyer JK, Weckerle A, Bashore A, Fried SK, Chung S, Parks JS. Targeted Deletion of Adipocyte Abca1 (ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter A1) Impairs Diet-Induced Obesity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:733-743. [PMID: 29348118 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipose tissue cholesterol increases with adipocyte triglyceride content and size during development of obesity. However, how adipocyte cholesterol affects adipocyte function is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the cellular cholesterol exporter, Abca1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1), on adipose tissue function during diet-induced obesity. APPROACH AND RESULTS Adiponectin Cre recombinase transgenic mice were crossed with Abca1flox/flox mice to generate ASKO (adipocyte-specific Abca1 knockout) mice. Control and ASKO mice were then fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol (45% calories as fat and 0.2% cholesterol) diet for 16 weeks. Compared with control mice, ASKO mice had a 2-fold increase in adipocyte plasma membrane cholesterol content and significantly lower body weight, epididymal fat pad weight, and adipocyte size. ASKO versus control adipose tissue had decreased PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein expression, nuclear SREBP1 (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1) protein, lipogenesis, and triglyceride accretion but similar Akt activation after acute insulin stimulation. Acute siRNA-mediated Abca1 silencing during 3T3L1 adipocyte differentiation reduced adipocyte Abca1 and PPARγ protein expression and triglyceride content. Systemic stimulated triglyceride lipolysis and glucose homeostasis were similar between control and ASKO mice. CONCLUSIONS Adipocyte Abca1 is a key regulator of adipocyte lipogenesis and lipid accretion, likely because of increased adipose tissue membrane cholesterol, resulting in decreased activation of lipogenic transcription factors PPARγ and SREBP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Cuffe
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - Mingxia Liu
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - Chia-Chi C Key
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - Elena Boudyguina
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - Janet K Sawyer
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - Allison Weckerle
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - Alexander Bashore
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - Susan K Fried
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - Soonkyu Chung
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.)
| | - John S Parks
- From the Section on Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (H.C., M.L., C.-C.C.K., E.B., J.K.S., A.W., A.B., J.S.P.) and Department of Biochemistry (J.S.P.), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (S.K.F.); and Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (S.C.).
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Iqbal F, Baker WS, Khan MI, Thukuntla S, McKinney KH, Abate N, Tuvdendorj D. Current and future therapies for addressing the effects of inflammation on HDL cholesterol metabolism. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3986-4006. [PMID: 28326542 PMCID: PMC5660004 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammatory processes arising from metabolic abnormalities are known to precipitate the development of CVD. Several metabolic and inflammatory markers have been proposed for predicting the progression of CVD, including high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). For ~50 years, HDL-C has been considered as the atheroprotective 'good' cholesterol because of its strong inverse association with the progression of CVD. Thus, interventions to increase the concentration of HDL-C have been successfully tested in animals; however, clinical trials were unable to confirm the cardiovascular benefits of pharmaceutical interventions aimed at increasing HDL-C levels. Based on these data, the significance of HDL-C in the prevention of CVD has been called into question. Fundamental in vitro and animal studies suggest that HDL-C functionality, rather than HDL-C concentration, is important for the CVD-preventive qualities of HDL-C. Our current review of the literature positively demonstrates the negative impact of systemic and tissue (i.e. adipose tissue) inflammation in the healthy metabolism and function of HDL-C. Our survey indicates that HDL-C may be a good marker of adipose tissue health, independently of its atheroprotective associations. We summarize the current findings on the use of anti-inflammatory drugs to either prevent HDL-C clearance or improve the function and production of HDL-C particles. It is evident that the therapeutic agents currently available may not provide the optimal strategy for altering HDL-C metabolism and function, and thus, further research is required to supplement this mechanistic approach for preventing the progression of CVD. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.22/issuetoc and http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bcp.v82.4/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Iqbal
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Wendy S Baker
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Madiha I Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Shwetha Thukuntla
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Kevin H McKinney
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Nicola Abate
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Demidmaa Tuvdendorj
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
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Sajuthi SP, Sharma NK, Comeau ME, Chou JW, Bowden DW, Freedman BI, Langefeld CD, Parks JS, Das SK. Genetic regulation of adipose tissue transcript expression is involved in modulating serum triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol. Gene 2017; 632:50-58. [PMID: 28844666 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a major contributor to the increased cardiovascular disease and mortality associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that variation in expression of adipose tissue transcripts is associated with serum lipid concentrations in African Americans (AAs), and common genetic variants regulate expression levels of these transcripts. Fasting serum lipid levels, genome-wide transcript expression profiles of subcutaneous adipose tissue, and genome-wide SNP genotypes were analyzed in a cohort of non-diabetic AAs (N=250). Serum triglyceride (TRIG) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were associated (FDR<0.01) with expression level of 1021 and 1875 adipose tissue transcripts, respectively, but none associated with total cholesterol or LDL-C levels. Serum HDL-C-associated transcripts were enriched for salient biological pathways, including branched-chain amino acid degradation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Genes in immuno-inflammatory pathways were activated among individuals with higher serum TRIG levels. We identified significant cis-regulatory SNPs (cis-eSNPs) for 449 serum lipid-associated transcripts in adipose tissue. The cis-eSNPs of 12 genes were nominally associated (p<0.001) with serum lipid level in genome wide association studies in Global Lipids Genetics Consortium (GLGC) cohorts. Allelic effect direction of cis-eSNPs on expression of MARCH2, BEST1 and TMEM258 matched with effect direction of these SNP alleles on serum TRIG or HDL-C levels in GLGC cohorts. These data suggest that expressions of serum lipid-associated transcripts in adipose tissue are dependent on common cis-eSNPs in African Americans. Thus, genetically-mediated transcriptional regulation in adipose tissue may play a role in reducing HDL-C and increasing TRIG in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satria P Sajuthi
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Neeraj K Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Mary E Comeau
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Jeff W Chou
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Donald W Bowden
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Barry I Freedman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Carl D Langefeld
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - John S Parks
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States
| | - Swapan K Das
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
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Gupta A, Singh VK, Kumar D, Yadav P, Kumar S, Beg M, Shankar K, Varshney S, Rajan S, Srivastava A, Choudhary R, Balaramnavar VM, Bhatta R, Tadigoppula N, Gaikwad AN. Curcumin-3,4-Dichloro Phenyl Pyrazole (CDPP) overcomes curcumin's low bioavailability, inhibits adipogenesis and ameliorates dyslipidemia by activating reverse cholesterol transport. Metabolism 2017; 73:109-124. [PMID: 28732567 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipocyte dysfunction, obesity and associated metabolic disorders are of prime healthcare concern worldwide. Among available medications, natural products and inspired molecules hold 40% space in clinically prescribed medicines. In queue, this study overcomes the drawback of curcumin's low bioavailability with potent anti-adipogenic and anti-dyslipidemic activity. METHODS To evaluate the role of CDPP on adipocyte differentiation, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used as an in-vitro model. Flow cytometry was performed for cell cycle analysis. Syrian golden hamsters were used to study pharmacokinetic profile and dyslipidemic activity exhibited by CDPP. RESULT CDPP was found to be a potent inhibitor of adipogenesis in-vitro. It blocked mitotic clonal expansion by causing cell cycle arrest. CDPP showed marked improvement in gastrointestinal stability and bioavailability in-vivo as compared to curcumin. Administration of CDPP (100mg/kg) significantly improved HFD induced dyslipidemic profile in hamsters and activated reverse cholesterol transport machinery. CONCLUSION CDPP could be used as a potential drug candidate against adipogenesis and dyslipidemia with enhanced gastrointestinal stability and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gupta
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Singh
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Durgesh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India; Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Muheeb Beg
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kripa Shankar
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Salil Varshney
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sujith Rajan
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ankita Srivastava
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Rakhi Choudhary
- Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jaspur Road, Kashipur 244713, India
| | - Vishal M Balaramnavar
- Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jaspur Road, Kashipur 244713, India
| | - Rabi Bhatta
- Division of Pharmacokinetics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Narender Tadigoppula
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
| | - Anil Nilkanth Gaikwad
- Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
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Iqbal F, Durham WJ, Melhem A, Raslan S, Tran TT, Wright TJ, Asghar R, Fujise K, Volpi E, Sidossis L, Abate N, Sheffield-Moore M, Tuvdendorj D. Sex-dependent difference in the relationship between adipose-tissue cholesterol efflux and estradiol concentrations in young healthy humans. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 64:59-62. [PMID: 28709820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired adipose tissue function and lower levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been implicated in the development of vascular dementia, and metabolic diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome. Interestingly, both the substrate fluxes in adipose tissue and HDL-C concentration differ between men and women. Moreover, adipose tissue cholesterol efflux has been implicated in modulation of HDL-C levels. Thus, we aimed to determine if the association between serum estradiol levels and adipose tissue cholesterol efflux is sex-dependent. METHOD We evaluated the serum estradiol levels and adipose tissue cholesterol efflux in young healthy men (n=5) and women (n=3). Adipose tissue cholesterol efflux was determined using subcutaneous microdialysis probes. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between the parameters, p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Our data demonstrated that serum estradiol levels directly associated with adipose tissue cholesterol efflux; however, the relationships may be sex-dependent. We discussed our results in the context of currently available data regarding sex-dependent variability in adipose tissue function and HDL-C metabolism as a potential contributor to higher rates of vascular dementia in men. Further research is required to understand the sex-dependent and -independent variabilities in adipose tissue metabolism to determine novel targets for interventions to prevent the development of vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Iqbal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - William J Durham
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Ayyash Melhem
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Saleem Raslan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Tony T Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Traver J Wright
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Rabia Asghar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Ken Fujise
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Elena Volpi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Labros Sidossis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Nicola Abate
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Melinda Sheffield-Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Demidmaa Tuvdendorj
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States.
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45
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Hopkins JL, Hopkins PN, Brinton EA, Adams TD, Davidson LE, Nanjee MN, Hunt SC. Expression of Metabolic Syndrome in Women with Severe Obesity. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2017; 15:283-290. [PMID: 28657427 DOI: 10.1089/met.2016.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) generally rises with increasing adiposity, but tends to plateau at the highest levels of body mass index (BMI) with some individuals, even with severe obesity, expressing few or no components of MetS. We examined factors associated with the expression of MetS in severely obese women participating in a large observational study. METHODS Anthropometrics, including Heath equation-adjusted bioimpedance-determined fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), lipids and related laboratory measurements, resting energy expenditure (REE), and respiratory quotient (RQ), were studied in 949 women with severe obesity. RESULTS Even though the mean BMI was 45.7 kg/m2 and all participants met MetS criteria for increased waist circumference, 30% of subjects did not have MetS. Unadjusted FM (P = 0.0011), FFM (P < 0.0001), and REE (P < 0.0001) were greater in the women with MetS. Surprisingly, in multivariate logistic regression FFM was positively associated with MetS (P = 0.0002), while FM was not (P = 0.89). Moreover, FFM, not FM, was significantly associated with all five components of MetS except for triglyceride levels. REE and RQ were higher in those with MetS, and REE was strongly associated with multiple components of MetS. CONCLUSIONS In women with severe obesity, higher FFM and REE were paradoxically associated with increased rather than decreased risk of MetS, while FFM-adjusted FM was unrelated to MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Hopkins
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Paul N Hopkins
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Eliot A Brinton
- 2 The Utah Lipid Center and Utah Foundation for Biomedical Research , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ted D Adams
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah.,3 Intermountain Live Well Center , Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Lance E Davidson
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah.,4 Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah
| | - M Nazeem Nanjee
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Steven C Hunt
- 1 Cardiovascular Genetics, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah.,5 Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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46
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) is classically known for its role in antiatherogenic reverse cholesterol transport as it selectively takes up cholesterol esters from HDL. Here, we have highlighted recent literature that describes novel functions for SR-BI in physiology and disease. RECENT FINDINGS A large population-based study has revealed that patients heterozygous for the P376L mutant form of SR-BI showed significantly increased levels of plasma HDL-cholesterol and had increased risk of cardiovascular disease, demonstrating that SR-BI in humans is a significant determinant of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, SR-BI has been shown to modulate the susceptibility to LPS-induced tissue injury and the ability of sphingosine 1 phosphate to interact with its receptor, linking SR-BI to the regulation of inflammation. In addition, important domains within the molecule (Trp-415) as well as novel regulators (procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer protein 2) of SR-BI's selective uptake function have recently been identified. Moreover, relatively high expression levels of the SR-BI protein have been observed in a variety of cancer tissues, which is associated with a reduced overall survival rate. SUMMARY The HDL receptor SR-BI is a potential therapeutic target not only in the cardiovascular disease setting, but also in inflammatory conditions as well as in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menno Hoekstra
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands, , Tel: +31-71-5276582
| | - Mary Sorci-Thomas
- Division of Endocrinology, Associate in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Senior Adjunct Investigator at the Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, , Tel: 414-955-5728
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47
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Bartelt A, John C, Schaltenberg N, Berbée JFP, Worthmann A, Cherradi ML, Schlein C, Piepenburg J, Boon MR, Rinninger F, Heine M, Toedter K, Niemeier A, Nilsson SK, Fischer M, Wijers SL, van Marken Lichtenbelt W, Scheja L, Rensen PCN, Heeren J. Thermogenic adipocytes promote HDL turnover and reverse cholesterol transport. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15010. [PMID: 28422089 PMCID: PMC5399294 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown and beige adipocytes combust nutrients for thermogenesis and through their metabolic activity decrease pro-atherogenic remnant lipoproteins in hyperlipidemic mice. However, whether the activation of thermogenic adipocytes affects the metabolism and anti-atherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is unknown. Here, we report a reduction in atherosclerosis in response to pharmacological stimulation of thermogenesis linked to increased HDL levels in APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice. Both cold-induced and pharmacological thermogenic activation enhances HDL remodelling, which is associated with specific lipidomic changes in mouse and human HDL. Furthermore, thermogenic stimulation promotes HDL-cholesterol clearance and increases macrophage-to-faeces reverse cholesterol transport in mice. Mechanistically, we show that intravascular lipolysis by adipocyte lipoprotein lipase and hepatic uptake of HDL by scavenger receptor B-I are the driving forces of HDL-cholesterol disposal in liver. Our findings corroborate the notion that high metabolic activity of thermogenic adipocytes confers atheroprotective properties via increased systemic cholesterol flux through the HDL compartment. Activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) reduces the development of atherosclerosis in animal models. Here the authors show that BAT activation also increases reverse cholesterol transport and turnover of high-density lipoprotein, which likely contributes to the anti-atherosclerotic effect of BAT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bartelt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases and Sabri Ülker Center, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Clara John
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Schaltenberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Worthmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Lisa Cherradi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Piepenburg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariëtte R Boon
- Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Franz Rinninger
- III. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Toedter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Niemeier
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan K Nilsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Medical Biosciences and Physiological Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå 90787, Sweden
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sander L Wijers
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM - School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter van Marken Lichtenbelt
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM - School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, The Netherlands
| | - Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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48
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Pedigo CE, Ducasa GM, Leclercq F, Sloan A, Mitrofanova A, Hashmi T, Molina-David J, Ge M, Lassenius MI, Forsblom C, Lehto M, Groop PH, Kretzler M, Eddy S, Martini S, Reich H, Wahl P, Ghiggeri G, Faul C, Burke GW, Kretz O, Huber TB, Mendez AJ, Merscher S, Fornoni A. Local TNF causes NFATc1-dependent cholesterol-mediated podocyte injury. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3336-50. [PMID: 27482889 DOI: 10.1172/jci85939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of circulating TNF and its receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, predict the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), but their contribution to organ damage in DKD remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the function of local and systemic TNF in podocyte injury. We cultured human podocytes with sera collected from DKD patients, who displayed elevated TNF levels, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) patients, whose TNF levels resembled those of healthy patients. Exogenous TNF administration or local TNF expression was equally sufficient to cause free cholesterol-dependent apoptosis in podocytes by acting through a dual mechanism that required a reduction in ATP-binding cassette transporter A1-mediated (ABCA1-mediated) cholesterol efflux and reduced cholesterol esterification by sterol-O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1). TNF-induced albuminuria was aggravated in mice with podocyte-specific ABCA1 deficiency and was partially prevented by cholesterol depletion with cyclodextrin. TNF-stimulated free cholesterol-dependent apoptosis in podocytes was mediated by nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1). ABCA1 overexpression or cholesterol depletion was sufficient to reduce albuminuria in mice with podocyte-specific NFATc1 activation. Our data implicate an NFATc1/ABCA1-dependent mechanism in which local TNF is sufficient to cause free cholesterol-dependent podocyte injury irrespective of TNF, TNFR1, or TNFR2 serum levels.
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Song G, Wu X, Zhang P, Yu Y, Yang M, Jiao P, Wang N, Song H, Wu Y, Zhang X, Liu H, Qin S. High-density lipoprotein inhibits ox-LDL-induced adipokine secretion by upregulating SR-BI expression and suppressing ER Stress pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30889. [PMID: 27468698 PMCID: PMC4965769 DOI: 10.1038/srep30889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in adipocytes can modulate adipokines secretion. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced ERS-C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) pathway-mediated adipokine secretion. Our results showed that serum adipokines, including visfatin, resistin and TNF-α, correlated inversely with serum HDL cholesterol level in patients with abdominal obesity. In vitro, like ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA), HDL inhibited ox-LDL- or tunicamycin (TM, an ERS inducer)-induced increase in visfatin and resistin secretion. Moreover, HDL inhibited ox-LDL-induced free cholesterol (FC) accumulation in whole cell lysate and in the endoplasmic reticulum. Additionally, like PBA, HDL inhibited ox-LDL- or TM-induced activation of ERS response as assessed by the decreased phosphorylation of protein kinase-like ER kinase and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α and reduced nuclear translocation of activating transcription factor 6 as well as the downregulation of Bip and CHOP. Furthermore, HDL increased scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) expression and SR-BI siRNA treatment abolished the inhibitory effects of HDL on ox-LDL-induced FC accumulation and CHOP upregulation. These data indicate that HDL may suppress ox-LDL-induced FC accumulation in adipocytes through upregulation of SR-BI, subsequently preventing ox-LDL-induced ER stress-CHOP pathway-mediated adipocyte inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Song
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China.,Institute of Nursing, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China.,Central Hospital of Taian City, Taian, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Central Hospital of Taian City, Taian, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Mingfeng Yang
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Peng Jiao
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Ni Wang
- Maternal and child health hospital of Daiyue District, Taian, China
| | - Haiming Song
- Maternal and child health hospital of Daiyue District, Taian, China
| | - You Wu
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Disease and Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Huaxia Liu
- Institute of Nursing, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Shucun Qin
- Institute of Atherosclerosis, Key Laboratory of Atherosclerosis in Universities of Shandong, TaiShan Medical University, Taian, China
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50
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In vivo triglyceride synthesis in subcutaneous adipose tissue of humans correlates with plasma HDL parameters. Atherosclerosis 2016; 251:147-152. [PMID: 27323227 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Low concentrations of plasma HDL-C are associated with the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Here we aimed to explore the relationship between the in vivo fractional synthesis of triglycerides (fTG) in subcutaneous (s.q.) abdominal adipose tissue (AT), HDL-C concentrations and HDL particle size composition in non-diabetic humans. METHODS The fTG in s.q. abdominal AT was measured in 16 non-diabetic volunteers (7 women, 9 men; Age: 49 ± 20 years; BMI: 31 ± 5 kg/m; Fasting Plasma Glucose: 90 ± 10 mg/dl) after (2)H2O labeling. HDL-C concentration and subclasses, large (L-HDL), intermediate (I-HDL) and small (S-HDL) were measured. RESULTS Linear regression analyses demonstrated significant associations of fTG with plasma concentration of HDL-C (r = 0.625,p = 0.009) and percent contribution of L-HDL (r = 0.798,p < 0.001), I-HDL (r = -0.765,p < 0.001) and S-HDL (r = -0.629, p = 0.009). When analyses were performed by gender, the associations remained significant in women (HDL-C: r = 0.822,p = 0.023; L-HDL: r = 0.892,p = 0.007; I-HDL: r = -0.927,p = 0.003) but not men. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated an in vivo association between subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipid dynamics and HDL parameters in humans, but this was true for women not men. Positive association with L-HDL and negative with I-HDL suggest that subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipid dynamics may play an important role in production of mature functional HDL particles. Further studies evaluating the mechanism responsible for these associations and the observed gender differences are important and warranted to identify potential novel targets of intervention to increase the production of atheroprotective subclasses of HDL-Cs and thus decreasing the risks of development of atherosclerotic conditions.
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