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Du B, Li Y, Xia Y, Wu S, Wei Y, Wang Z, Wang S, Guo J, Zhu Q, Shen T, Chen Q. The mediation and interaction of the obesity index between moderate-vigorous recreational physical activity and hypertension. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0296333. [PMID: 38153927 PMCID: PMC10754462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that physical activity (PA) is concerned with hypertension (HTN). However, the mediation and interaction role of the obesity index: body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), body fat rate (BFR) and visceral fat index (VFI) between PA and HTN has never been studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the mediation and interaction of the obesity index between moderate-vigorous recreational physical activity (MVRPA) and HTN. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 4710 individuals aged 41 or older in Torch Development Zone, Zhongshan City. The mediation and interaction of the obesity index were evaluated by a four-way decomposition. 48.07% of participants had HTN among these groups. In the adjusted linear regression model, MVRPA was significantly correlated with WHR (β±SE = -0.005±0.002; P<0.05). Compared to sufficient MVRPA (odds ratio (OR) = 1.35), 95% (confidence interval (CI) = 1.17-1.56), insufficient MVRPA increased the risk of developing HTN. Furthermore, there were associations between BMI, WHR, BFR, VFI and HTN where the adjusted ORs and 95% CIs were 1.11 (1.09-1.13), 6.23 (2.61-14.90), 1.04 (1.03-1.06), 1.07 (1.06-1.09), respectively. The mediation analyses suggested that the impact of MVRPA on HTN risk may partly be explained by changes in obesity index, with a pure indirect mediation of WHR between MVRPA and HTN (P<0.05). Therefore, weight control, especially reducing abdominal obesity and maintaining adequate MVRPA, may lead to more proper control of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Du
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Disease, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Li
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xia
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shan Wu
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shupei Wang
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianran Shen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Chen
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li B, Wang J, Zhou X, Wang W, Gao Z, Tang X, Yan L, Wan Q, Luo Z, Qin G, Chen L, Ning G, Mu Y. Lipid accumulation product is closely associated with hypertension and prehypertension in prediabetic population in China: results from the REACTION study. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:708-719. [PMID: 36513744 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prediabetes with hypertension or prehypertension increases the risk of cardiovascular events. Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is a powerful marker of visceral obesity. The current study aimed to explore the relationship between LAP and hypertension and prehypertension among prediabetic individuals. A total of 12,388 prediabetic participants from the REACTION study were recruited. LAP was calculated from waist circumference and fasting triglyceride levels. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted to assess the relationship between LAP and hypertension and prehypertension. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that elevated LAP was associated with hypertension (Q2: odds ratio (OR): 1.263, P < 0.001; Q3: OR: 1.613, P < 0.001; Q4: OR: 1.754, P < 0.001) and prehypertension (Q2: OR: 1.255, P = 0.005; Q3: OR: 1.340, P = 0.002; Q4: OR: 1.765, P < 0.001). The results of the stratified analysis showed that prediabetic people with higher LAP levels and characterized by overweight, normal weight and a high waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were more likely to have hypertension, and prediabetic people with higher LAP levels and characterized by overweight, normal weight, a high WHR, age <65, and low and high levels of physical activity were more likely to have prehypertension. In conclusion, visceral obesity assessed by LAP is significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension in the Chinese prediabetic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binqi Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,The Second Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Shanghai National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Li Yan
- Zhongshan University Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Southwest Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuojie Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Shanghai National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China. .,Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. .,Graduate School, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Cao W, Xu Y, Shen Y, Hu T, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Ma X, Bao Y. Change of neck circumference in relation to visceral fat area: a Chinese community-based longitudinal cohort study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1633-1637. [PMID: 35672353 PMCID: PMC9395262 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01160-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objectives Neck circumference (NC) has been positively associated with visceral fat area (VFA) in cross-sectional studies. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of NC changes on VFA in a Chinese community-based longitudinal cohort. Subjects/Methods Subjects recruited from Shanghai communities were followed up for 1.1–2.9 years. A total of 1421 subjects (men 578, women 843) were included, aged 24–80 years, with an average age of 57.8 ± 7.1 years. Interventions/Methods Biochemical and anthropometric measurements, including NC, were obtained from all subjects. VFA was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Abdominal obesity was defined as a VFA ≥ 80 cm2. Results After a mean follow-up of 2.1 years, the NCs for men and women were 38.1 ± 2.3 cm and 33.8 ± 2.0 cm, respectively, and the average value of VFA was 84.55 (59.83–113.50) cm2. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, history of drinking, glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure and blood lipids, individuals who had gained a NC of more than 5% had 1.26 (95% CI: 1.05–1.49) times more visceral adipose tissue at follow-up than NC maintainers (NC change between –2.5% and 2.5%). In the non-abdominal obesity group at baseline (n = 683), after adjusting for confounding factors, changes in NC were associated with abdominal obesity (odd ratio 1.23, 95% CI: 1.09–1.39). Conclusions Changes in NC were positively associated with VFA in a Chinese community-based cohort, suggesting that NC measurement is practical for assessing abdominal obesity.
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Czapla M, Juárez-Vela R, Łokieć K, Wleklik M, Karniej P, Smereka J. The Association between Nutritional Status and Length of Hospital Stay among Patients with Hypertension. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105827. [PMID: 35627363 PMCID: PMC9140333 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nutritional status is related to the prognosis and length of hospital stay (LOS) of patients with hypertension (HT). This study aimed to assess how nutritional status and body mass index (BMI) affect LOS for patients with hypertension. Method: We performed a retrospective analysis of 586 medical records of patients who had been admitted to the Institute of Heart Diseases of the University Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw, Poland. Results: A total of 586 individuals were included in the analysis. Individuals who were at a nutritional risk represented less than 2% of the study population, but more than 60% were overweight or obese. The mean BMI was 28.4 kg/m2 (SD: 5.16). LOS averaged 3.53 days (SD = 2.78). In the case of obese individuals, hospitalisation lasted for 3.4 ± 2.43 days, which was significantly longer than for patients of normal weight. For underweight patients, hospitalisation lasted for 5.14 ± 2.27 days, which was also significantly longer than for those in other BMI categories (p = 0.017). The independent predictors of shorter hospitalisations involved higher LDL concentration (parameter of regression: −0.015) and HDL concentration (parameter of regression: −0.04). Conclusions: The study revealed that with regard to the nutritional status of hypertensive patients, being either underweight or obese was associated with longer LOS. Additional factors that related to prolonged LOS were lower LDL and HDL levels and higher CRP concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Czapla
- Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Innovative Technologies, Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.C.); (J.S.)
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, 50-566 Wroclaw, Poland
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Nursing, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain;
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Nursing, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarzyna Łokieć
- Department of Propaedeutic of Civilization Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 90-251 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Marta Wleklik
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Karniej
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Nursing, University of La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain;
- Faculty of Finance and Management, WSB University in Wrocław, 53-609 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Smereka
- Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Innovative Technologies, Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.C.); (J.S.)
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Selected Organ and Endocrine Complications According to BMI and the Metabolic Category of Obesity: A Single Endocrine Center Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061307. [PMID: 35334964 PMCID: PMC8954480 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic and complex disease associated with metabolic, organ and endocrine complications. In the study, we analyzed a group of 105 patients suffering from obesity without any other previously recognized serious disorders who had been referred to a single endocrine center. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of selected organ and endocrine complications by subdividing the group, firstly according to body mass index (BMI) and secondly with regard to metabolic syndrome (MetS), pre-MetS and the metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) category. We have observed that in our groups, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, asthma, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) depended on BMI category, whereas the incidence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, OSA, hypothyroidism, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes was related to the metabolic category. We concluded that the distribution of particular organ and endocrine complications change significantly with increased BMI and with the shift from MHO to pre-MetS and MetS. Thus, to determine the risk of organ and endocrine complications more effectively, BMI and metabolic status should be assessed during the examination of patients with obesity.
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Li B, Wang J, Zhou X, Liu Y, Wang W, Gao Z, Tang X, Yan L, Wan Q, Luo Z, Qin G, Chen L, Ning G, Mu Y. Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index Is More Closely Associated With Hypertension and Prehypertension Than Traditional Adiposity Indices in Chinese Population: Results From the REACTION Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:921997. [PMID: 35846316 PMCID: PMC9280650 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.921997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The optimal adiposity index that is strongly associated with hypertension or prehypertension remains inconclusive in Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and hypertension and prehypertension, as well as to compare the discriminative power of CVAI, visceral adiposity index (VAI), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) with hypertension and prehypertension in Chinese general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 34732 participants from REACTION study were recruited. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to detect the association between adiposity indices (CVAI, VAI, BMI, WC, WHtR, WHR, LDL-C) and hypertension and prehypertension. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with other obesity indices, CVAI remained significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension (Hypertension: odds ratio (OR) 3.475, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.158-3.824, p<0.001 in total subjects; OR 2.762, 95% CI 2.369-3.221, p<0.001 in men; OR 3.935, 95% CI 3.465-4.469, p<0.001 in women, Prehypertension: OR 2.747, 95% CI 2.460-3.068, p<0.001 in total subjects; OR 2.605, 95% CI 2.176-3.119, p<0.001 in men; OR 2.854, 95% CI 2.465-3.304, p<0.001 in women).In a stratified analysis, CVAI was significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension at any level of blood glucose, age or estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR). CONCLUSION CVAI is significantly associated with hypertension and prehypertension. CVAI shows the superior discriminative ability for hypertension and prehypertension compared with VAI, BMI, WC, WHtR, WHR and LDL-C in Chinese general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binqi Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Graduate School, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- The Second Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Graduate School, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Eighth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqing Wang
- Shanghai National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengnan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Xulei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan University Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Southwest Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Zuojie Luo
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guijun Qin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Wuhan Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Shanghai National Research Centre for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Endocrinology, First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yiming Mu,
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Tilves C, Zmuda JM, Kuipers AL, Nair S, Carr JJ, Terry JG, Peddada S, Wheeler V, Miljkovic I. Relative associations of abdominal and thigh compositions with cardiometabolic diseases in African Caribbean men. Obes Sci Pract 2021; 7:738-750. [PMID: 34877013 PMCID: PMC8633926 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regional body compositions are differentially associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. Simultaneous inclusion of both upper and lower body composition predictors in models is not often done, and studies which do include both measures (1) tend to exclude some tissue(s) of potential metabolic relevance, and (2) have used study populations with underrepresentation of individuals with African ancestries. Further, most body composition analyses do not employ compositional data analytic approaches, which may result in spurious associations. OBJECTIVE The objective of this analysis was to assess associations of abdominal and thigh adipose (AT) and muscle tissues with hypertension and type 2 diabetes using compositional data analytic methods. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 610 African Caribbean men (median age: 62 years; mean BMI: 27.8 kg/m2). Abdominal (three components: subcutaneous [ASAT] and visceral [VAT] AT, 'other' abdominal tissue) and mid-thigh (four components: subcutaneous and intermuscular AT, muscle, bone) compositions were measured by computed tomography; additive log ratio transformations were applied to each composition. Regression models were used to simultaneously assess associations of abdominal and thigh component ratios with continuous risk factors (blood pressures, fasting glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR) and disease categories. RESULTS A two-fold increase in ASAT:'Other' ratio was associated with higher continuous risk factors and with odds of being in a higher hypertension (OR: 1.77, 95%CI: 1.10-2.84) or diabetes (OR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.06-3.10) category. A two-fold increased VAT ratio was only associated with higher log-insulin and log-HOMA-IR (β = 0.10, p < 0.05 for both), while a two-fold increased thigh muscle:bone ratio was associated with a lower diabetes category (OR: 0.37, 95%CI: 0.14-1.01). CONCLUSIONS These findings support ASAT as a significant driver of cardiometabolic disease in African Ancestry populations, independent of other abdominal and thigh tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis Tilves
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Joseph M. Zmuda
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Allison L. Kuipers
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sangeeta Nair
- Department of RadiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - John Jeffrey Carr
- Department of RadiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - James G. Terry
- Department of RadiologyVanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Shyamal Peddada
- Department of BiostatisticsUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Victor Wheeler
- Tobago Health Studies OfficeScarboroughTobagoTrinidad and Tobago
| | - Iva Miljkovic
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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Goto K, Yokokawa H, Fukuda H, Saita M, Hamada C, Hisaoka T, Naito T. An association between subcutaneous fat mass accumulation and hypertension. J Gen Fam Med 2021; 22:209-217. [PMID: 34221795 PMCID: PMC8245738 DOI: 10.1002/jgf2.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence to assess relationships between subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and lifestyle-related diseases, including hypertension, remains limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between SFA and hypertension. This study was a single-institution, cross-sectional study of 1,899 eligible Japanese participants who underwent health checkups between December 2016 and December 2018. All patients were measured for SFA and visceral fat area (VFA) by abdominal computed tomography (CT). SFA was divided into quartiles by gender, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate associations between SFA quartiles (Q) and hypertension. Mean age and SFA were 60.9 9 (standard devastation [SD]:12.0) years and 123.0 (56.9) cm2 in men, and 60.6 (12.8) years and 146.6 (79.0) cm2 in women, respectively. Risk of hypertension from multivariate regression modeling compared with the lowest quartile (Q) in both sexes was as follows: for men Q2 [odds ratio (OR), 1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.55-1.51 ], Q3 (OR, 1.73; 95%CI, 1.17-2.56), and Q4 (OR, 1.96; 95%CI, 1.31-2.94); for women Q2 (OR, 0.87; 95%CI, 0.48-1.58), Q3 (OR, 1.73; 95%CI, 1.02-2.95), and Q4 (OR, 2.54; 95%CI, 1.51-4.28). The optimal SFA cutoff value at risk of hypertension was 114.7 cm2 in men and 169.3 cm2 in women. The prevalence of hypertension was positively associated with SFA quartiles in both genders. The present results may indicate the necessity of considering not only VFA, but also SFA for the primary and secondary prevention of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Goto
- Department of General MedicineJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hirohide Yokokawa
- Department of General MedicineJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Fukuda
- Department of General MedicineJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Mizue Saita
- Department of General MedicineJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Chieko Hamada
- Department of General MedicineJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Teruhiko Hisaoka
- Department of General MedicineJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Toshio Naito
- Department of General MedicineJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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Kravchun PG, Kadykova OI, Herasymchuk US. Adipokines in patients with hypertensive disease with obesity in the dynamics of combined antihypertensive therapy. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.15421/022149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disease today is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases, as well as the most common disease associated with obesity. Evaluation of the level of adipokines, namely adiponutrin and galanin, depending on the degree and duration of hypertension, the degree of obesity and their correction against the background of combined antihypertensive therapy is relevant for further understanding of this comorbidity and improvement of the early diagnostics. 127 people were examined, including 107 patients with hypertension of degree 1–3 and 20 healthy persons. Of the patients included in the study, the adiponutrin and the galanin levels were determined in 58 patients, out of which 22 were prescribed different regimens of combined antihypertensive therapy. To determine the level of adiponutrin and galanin, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used. A significant increase was found in the blood serum of the examined adipokines in comparison with the control group: the galanin level was 4.8 times higher than in the control group, the adiponutrin level in patients with this comorbid pathology was 3.3 times higher than that in the control group. The galanin level is most pronounced in patients with hypertension of degree 3 and obesity of degree 3, which is confirmed by the presence of a direct correlation with systolic, diastolic and pulse blood pressure, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The adiponutrin level in the blood serum increased correspondingly to the increase in body mass index: in patients with obesity of degree 3 it was 15.8 times higher than this indicator in patients with normal body weight, 8.8 times higher than in patients with overweight, 6.1 times higher than in patients with obesity of degree 1 and 2.5 times higher than in patients with obesity of degree 2. The levels of the studied adipokines in patients differed also relative to the duration of hypertension. There was a 1.8-, 5.1-, 5.2-fold increase (respectively, ≤5, 6–10, >10 years) of the galanin content in the blood serum compared to the control group. Also an increase of the serum adiponutrin level was noted in comparison with the control group. Against the background of combined antihypertensive therapy, we observed favourable dynamics of galanin and adiponutrin. It is important to conduct further studies to assess the activity of galanin and adiponutrin with a longer follow-up period in wider populations.
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Paracha MY, Khalid F, Qamar MA, Ali SL, Singh S, Rubab U, Anwar A, Hashmi AA. Relationship Between Clinical Features and Body Mass Index Among Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2020; 12:e11615. [PMID: 33364132 PMCID: PMC7752797 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Hypertension is strongly related to body mass index (BMI). Obesity has been the single main contributor to hypertension. Furthermore, the clinical manifestations are normally associated with BMI in hypertensive patients. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between clinical features and BMI among hypertensive patients in both males and females. Methodology A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 296 patients having a self-reported history of hypertension and on anti-hypertensive medication. The study was conducted in the medical outpatient department of a secondary care hospital in Karachi during six months (January 2020 to June 2020). A detailed history was taken from each patient about hypertension-related symptoms, and clinical examination was performed. Blood pressure was measured using a sphygmomanometer with a stethoscope. Results Of the 296 patients, 156 (52.2%) were males and 140 (47.3%) were females; 16 (5.4%) of them were underweight, 91 (30.7%) were normal weight, 129 (43.6%) were overweight, and 60 (20.3%) were obese; in addition, 106 (35.8%) reported edema and 71 (24.0%) reported nausea and so on. As far as the association of clinical features and BMI was concerned, our study results showed that only edema (p=0.017) and nausea (p=0.044) were significantly associated with the BMI of the patients. Patients with edema were more likely to be obese than those without edema (29.2% vs. 15.3%), whereas patients with nausea were more likely to be overweight than those without nausea (57.7% vs. 39.1%). Conclusions Our study showed that among the clinical features, edema and nausea were significantly associated with the BMI of the patients, whereas the relationship with others was insignificantly related to BMI of the patients in both male and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faran Khalid
- Internal Medicine, Dow University Hospital, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Syed Liaquat Ali
- Biochemistry, Al-Tibri Medical College, Isra University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Simran Singh
- Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Umme Rubab
- Physiotherapy, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Adnan Anwar
- Physiology, Al-Tibri Medical College, Isra University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Atif A Hashmi
- Pathology, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, PAK
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Chinese visceral adiposity index, a novel indicator of visceral obesity for assessing the risk of incident hypertension in a prospective cohort study. Br J Nutr 2020; 126:612-620. [PMID: 33143773 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the association of the Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) and its 6-year change with hypertension risk and compare the ability of CVAI and other obesity indices to predict hypertension based on the Rural Chinese Cohort Study. Study participants were randomly recruited by a cluster sampling procedure, and 10 304 participants ≥18 years were included. Modified Poisson regression was used to derive adjusted relative risks (RR) and 95 % CI. We identified 2072 hypertension cases during a median of 6·03 years of follow-up. The RR for the highest v. lowest CVAI quartile were 1·29 (95 % CI 1·05, 1·59) for men and 1·53 (95 % CI 1·22, 1·91) for women. Per-sd increase in CVAI was associated with hypertension for both men (RR 1·09, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·16) and women (RR 1·14, 95 % CI 1·06, 1·22). Also, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value for hypertension was higher for CVAI than the four other obesity indices for both sexes (all P < 0·05). Finally, per-sd increase in CVAI change was associated with hypertension for both men (RR 1·26, 95 % CI 1·16, 1·36) and women (RR 1·23, 95 % CI 1·15, 1·30). Similar results were observed in sensitivity analyses. CVAI and its 6-year change are positively associated with hypertension risk. CVAI has better performance in predicting hypertension than other visceral obesity indices for both sexes. The current findings suggest CVAI as a reliable and applicable predictor of hypertension in rural Chinese adults.
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12
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Dinh KT, Amory JK, Matsumoto AM, Marck BT, Fujimoto WY, Leonetti DL, Boyko EJ, Page ST, Rubinow KB. Longitudinal changes in plasma sex hormone concentrations correlate with changes in CT-measured regional adiposity among Japanese American men over 10 years. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020; 93:555-563. [PMID: 32633813 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ageing in male adults is typically accompanied by adiposity accumulation and changes in circulating sex hormone concentrations. We hypothesized that an ageing-associated increase in oestrogens and decrease in androgens would correlate with an increase in adiposity. DESIGN 10-year prospective, observational study. STUDY SUBJECTS A total of 190, community-dwelling men in the Japanese American Community Diabetes Study. MEASUREMENTS At 0 and 10 years, CT scanning quantified intra-abdominal fat (IAF) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) areas while plasma concentrations of oestradiol, oestrone, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry at each time point. Multivariate linear regression analyses assessed correlations between 10-year changes in hormone concentrations and IAF or SCF, adjusting for age and baseline fat depot area. RESULTS Participants were middle-aged [median 54.8 years, interquartile range (IQR) 39.9-62.8] men and mostly overweight by Asian criterion (median BMI 24.9, IQR 23.3-27.1) and with few exceptions had normal sex-steroid concentrations. Median oestradiol and dihydrotestosterone did not change significantly between 0 and 10 years (P = .084 and P = .596, respectively) while median oestrone increased (P < .001) and testosterone decreased (P < .001). Median IAF and SCF increased from 0 to 10 years (both P < .001). In multivariate analyses, change in oestrone positively correlated (P = .019) while change in testosterone (P = .003) and dihydrotestosterone (P = .014) negatively correlated with change in IAF. Plasma oestradiol and oestrone positively correlated with change in SCF (P = .041 and P = .030, respectively) while testosterone (P = .031) negatively correlated in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Among 190 community-dwelling, Japanese American men, increases in IAF were associated with decreases in plasma androgens and increases in plasma oestrone, but not oestradiol, at 10 years. Further research is necessary to understand whether changing hormone concentrations are causally related to changes in regional adiposity or whether the reverse is true.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn T Dinh
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John K Amory
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alvin M Matsumoto
- Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brett T Marck
- Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wilfred Y Fujimoto
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Donna L Leonetti
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edward J Boyko
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- General Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie T Page
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katya B Rubinow
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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13
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Yu P, Huang T, Hu S, Yu X. Predictive value of relative fat mass algorithm for incident hypertension: a 6-year prospective study in Chinese population. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e038420. [PMID: 33067286 PMCID: PMC7569915 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals with obesity especially excessive visceral adiposity have high risk for incident hypertension. Recently, a new algorithm named relative fat mass (RFM) was introduced to define obesity. Our aim was to investigate whether it can predict hypertension in Chinese population and to compare its predictive power with traditional indices including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). DESIGN A 6-year prospective study. SETTING Nine provinces (Hei Long Jiang, Liao Ning, Jiang Su, Shan Dong, He Nan, Hu Bei, Hu Nan, Guang Xi and Gui Zhou) in China. PARTICIPANTS Those without hypertension in 2009 survey and respond in 2015 survey. INTERVENTION Logistic regression were performed to investigate the association between RFM and incident hypertension. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to compare the predictive ability of these indices and define their optimal cut-off values. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incident hypertension in 2015. RESULTS The prevalence of incident hypertension in 2015 based on RFM quartiles were 14.8%, 21.2%, 26.8% and 35.2%, respectively (p for trend <0.001). In overall population, the OR for the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile for RFM was 2.032 (1.567-2.634) in the fully adjusted model. In ROC analysis, RFM and WHtR had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value in both sexes but did not show statistical significance when compared with AUC value of BMI and WC in men and AUC value of WC in women. The performance of the prediction model based on RFM was comparable to that of BMI, WC or WHtR. CONCLUSIONS RFM can be a powerful indictor for predicting incident hypertension in Chinese population, but it does not show superiority over BMI, WC and WHtR in predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Teng Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Senlin Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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14
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Han SJ, Fujimoto WY, Kahn SE, Leonetti DL, Boyko EJ. Apolipoprotein B Levels Predict Future Development of Hypertension Independent of Visceral Adiposity and Insulin Sensitivity. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020; 35:351-358. [PMID: 32615719 PMCID: PMC7386118 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.35.2.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High plasma apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels have been shown to be associated with hypertension, central obesity, and insulin resistance in cross-sectional research. However, it is unclear whether apoB levels predict future hypertension independent of body composition and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, we prospectively investigated whether plasma apoB concentrations independently predicted the risk of hypertension in a cohort of Japanese Americans. METHODS A total of 233 normotensive Japanese Americans (77 men, 156 women; mean age, 46.4±11.0 years) were followed over 10 years to monitor them for the development of hypertension. Fasting plasma concentrations of apoB, glucose, and insulin were measured at baseline. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were measured at baseline using computed tomography. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between apoB concentrations and the odds of incident hypertension. RESULTS The 10-year cumulative incidence of hypertension was 21.5%. The baseline apoB level was found to be positively associated with the odds of incident hypertension over 10 years after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, abdominal visceral fat area, abdominal subcutaneous fat area, total plasma cholesterol concentration, diabetes status, and HOMA-IR at baseline (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for a 1-standard deviation increase, 1.89 [1.06 to 3.37]; P=0.030). CONCLUSION Higher apoB concentrations predicted greater risks of future hypertension independent of abdominal visceral fat area and insulin sensitivity in Japanese Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jin Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon,
Korea
| | - Wilfred Y. Fujimoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA,
USA
| | - Steven E. Kahn
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA,
USA
- Hospital and Specialty Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA,
USA
| | - Donna L. Leonetti
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,
USA
| | - Edward J. Boyko
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA,
USA
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA,
USA
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15
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Shi J, Yang Z, Niu Y, Zhang W, Lin N, Li X, Zhang H, Gu H, Wen J, Ning G, Qin L, Su Q. Large thigh circumference is associated with lower blood pressure in overweight and obese individuals: a community-based study. Endocr Connect 2020; 9:271-278. [PMID: 32247281 PMCID: PMC7159266 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A small thigh circumference is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and total mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between thigh circumference and hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly population. METHODS A total of 9520 individuals aged 40 years and older with measurement of thigh circumference were available for analysis. The measurement of thigh circumference was performed directly below the gluteal fold of the thigh. The association of thigh circumference with hypertension was tested in logistic regression analyses and reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI. RESULTS Thigh circumference was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and total cholesterol. Compared with the lowest thigh circumference tertile group, the risk of hypertension was significantly lower in the highest tertile group, both in overweight individuals (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.59-0.79, P < 0.001) and obese individuals (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.38-0.70, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In the present study, large thigh circumference is associated with lower risk of hypertension in overweight and obese Chinese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Z Yang or L Qin or Q Su: or or
| | - Yixin Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxia Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang Ning
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Z Yang or L Qin or Q Su: or or
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to Z Yang or L Qin or Q Su: or or
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16
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The Visceral Adipose Index in Relation to Incidence of Hypertension in Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030805. [PMID: 32197411 PMCID: PMC7146372 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the most crucial single contributor to global burden of disease and mortality, while weight loss as a non-pharmacological strategy is recommended to reduce blood pressure. This study aims to examine the association between visceral adipose index (VAI) and hypertension in Chinese adults. Data were collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), consisting of 8374 apparently healthy participants aged ≥18 years in the 2009 CHNS for cross-sectional analysis, and 4275 participants at entry from 2009 to 2011 for cohort analysis. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), and blood lipid were measured. Information of population characteristics, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet were determined by validated questionnaire. Higher VAI scores were significantly associated with higher BP levels and higher risk of hypertension after adjustment with potential confounders (all p-trend < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio of hypertension was 1.526 (95%CI: 1.194, 1.952; p-trend < 0.01) for participants in the highest quartile of VAI scores when compared with those in the lowest quartile after adjustment for age, physical activity, antihypertensive medication, total energy intake, salt intake, and other major lifestyle factors. VAI scores were significantly, longitudinally associated with hypertension development among apparently healthy Chinese adults.
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17
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Su T, Huang C, Yang C, Jiang T, Su J, Chen M, Fatima S, Gong R, Hu X, Bian Z, Liu Z, Kwan HY. Apigenin inhibits STAT3/CD36 signaling axis and reduces visceral obesity. Pharmacol Res 2019; 152:104586. [PMID: 31877350 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Visceral obesity is the excess deposition of visceral fat within the abdominal cavity that surrounds vital organs. Visceral obesity is directly associated with metabolic syndrome, breast cancer and endometrial cancer. In visceral obese subjects, signal transducer and activator of the transcription 3 (STAT3) in adipocytes is constitutively active. In this study, we aimed to screen for dietary herbal compounds that possess anti-visceral obesity effect. Apigenin is abundant in fruits and vegetables. Our data show that apigenin significantly reduces body weight and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), but not subcutaneous (SAT) and epididymal adipose tissues (EAT), of the high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Mechanistic studies show that HFD increases STAT3 phosphorylation in VAT, but not in SAT and EAT. Further studies suggest that apigenin binds to non-phosphorylated STAT3, reduces STAT3 phosphorylation and transcriptional activity in VAT, and consequently reduces the expression of STAT3 target gene cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36). The reduced CD36 expression in adipocytes reduces the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) which is the critical nuclear factor in adipogenesis. Our data show that apigenin reduces CD36 and PPAR-γ expressions and inhibits adipocyte differentiation; overexpression of constitutive active STAT3 reverses the apigenin-inhibited adipogenesis. Taken together, our data suggest that apigenin inhibits adipogenesis via the STAT3/CD36 axis. Our study has delineated the mechanism of action underlying the anti-visceral obesity effect of apigenin, and provide scientific evidence to support the development of apigenin as anti-visceral obesity therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Chunhua Huang
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chunfang Yang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Ting Jiang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Junfang Su
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Minting Chen
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Sarwat Fatima
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ruihong Gong
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xianjing Hu
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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18
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Abstract
Aim. To assess the role of ultrasound parameters of the extent of abdominal and epicardial visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as prognostic tools for determining the probability of arterial hypertension (AH) development in normotensive patients with obesity.Material and methods. We studied 526 normotensive (according to the results of daily monitoring of blood pressure (BP)) men (age 45,1±5,0 years) without cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus, with a SCORE risk <5% and abdominal obesity (waist circumference >94 cm). We analyzed glycemia, lipid spectrum, blood creatinine and urine albumin level. Echocardiography with an assessment of epicardial fat thickness (EFT), triplex scanning of the brachiocephalic arteries, ultrasound assessment of the thickness of abdominal VAT and subcutaneous fat (SCF) were carried out. At the end of the observational phase of the study (duration 46,3±5,1 months), repeated daily monitoring of blood pressure was performed.Results. Of the 406 available patients, hypertension was detected in 157 (38,7%), including 72 (31,7%) of the initial age group of 35-45 years and 85 (47,5%) of the initial age group 46-55 years. These patients were characterized by initially higher values of EFT (5,2±0,7 mm vs 4,4±1,0 mm, p<0,001) and the ratio of the thickness of abdominal VAT to the thickness of the SCF (2,9±0,6 vs 2,5±0,6, p<0,001). In the group of individuals with developed AH, the initial incidence of epicardial and abdominal visceral obesity was higher (58,0% vs 23,4%, p<0,001 and 44,6% vs 25,1%, p<0,001, respectively). Ultrasound parameters of abdominal and ectopic (epicardial) VAT were included in mathematical models of the probability of development of AH with a high level of statistical significance and maximum standardized coefficients of regression equations.Conclusion. Ultrasonic parameters of the severity of abdominal and epicardial VAT can be an additional tools for AH predicting in normotensive people with overweight and obesity.
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19
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Hwang YC, Fujimoto WY, Kahn SE, Leonetti DL, Boyko EJ. Higher High Density Lipoprotein 2 (HDL2) to Total HDL Cholesterol Ratio Is Associated with a Lower Risk for Incident Hypertension. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:114-122. [PMID: 30302964 PMCID: PMC6387875 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is inversely associated with the development of hypertension. We aimed to determine the association between different HDL cholesterol subclasses and risk of future hypertension. METHODS A total of 270 Japanese Americans (130 men, 140 women) without hypertension between the ages of 34 to 75 years were enrolled. Blood pressure was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer, and average blood pressure was calculated. Incident hypertension was determined 5 to 6 and 10 to 11 years after enrollment. HDL2, HDL3, and total HDL cholesterol were measured at baseline. RESULTS During 10 years of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of hypertension was 28.1% (76/270). In univariate analysis, age, diabetes, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin resistance index, total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and visceral adipose tissue were significant predictors for incident hypertension. Among the HDL cholesterol subclass, HDL2 cholesterol was inversely associated with hypertension incidence, but both total and HDL3 cholesterol were not. In addition, HDL2/HDL cholesterol was inversely associated with future hypertension risk. In multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26 to 2.31; P=0.001), systolic blood pressure (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.31 to 2.56; P<0.001), and HDL2/HDL cholesterol (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.98; P=0.035), were associated with future development of hypertension. CONCLUSION A higher proportion of HDL2 cholesterol among total HDL cholesterol predicted a lower risk for incident hypertension. However, concentrations of total HDL, HDL2, and HDL3 cholesterol were not independent predictors of incident hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Cheol Hwang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Wilfred Y Fujimoto
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Steven E Kahn
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Hospital and Specialty Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Donna L Leonetti
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edward J Boyko
- Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
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20
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Landi F, Calvani R, Picca A, Tosato M, Martone AM, Ortolani E, Sisto A, D'Angelo E, Serafini E, Desideri G, Fuga MT, Marzetti E. Body Mass Index is Strongly Associated with Hypertension: Results from the Longevity Check-up 7+ Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1976. [PMID: 30551656 PMCID: PMC6316192 DOI: 10.3390/nu10121976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to provide a better insight into the relationship between different levels of body mass index (BMI) and changing risk for hypertension, using an unselected sample of participants assessed during the Longevity Check-up 7+ (Lookup7+) project. Lookup7+ is an ongoing cross-sectional survey started in June 2015 and conducted in unconventional settings (i.e., exhibitions, malls, and health promotion campaigns) across Italy. Candidate participants are eligible for enrolment if they are at least 18 years of age and provide written informed consent. Specific health metrics are assessed through a brief questionnaire and direct measurement of standing height, body weight, blood glucose, total blood cholesterol, and blood pressure. The present analyses were conducted in 7907 community-living adults. According to the BMI cutoffs recommended by the World Health Organization, overweight status was observed among 2896 (38%) participants; the obesity status was identified in 1135 participants (15%), with 893 (11.8%) participants in class I, 186 (2.5%) in class II, and 56 (0.7%) in class III. Among enrollees with a normal BMI, the prevalence of hypertension was 45% compared with 67% among overweight participants, 79% in obesity class I and II, and up to 87% among participants with obesity class III (p for trend < 0.001). After adjusting for age, significantly different distributions of systolic and diastolic blood pressure across BMI levels were consistent. Overall, the average systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure increased significantly and linearly across BMI levels. In conclusion, we found a gradient of increasing blood pressure with higher levels of BMI. The fact that this gradient is present even in the fully adjusted analyses suggests that BMI may cause a direct effect on blood pressure, independent of other clinical risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Martone
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elena Ortolani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alex Sisto
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Emanuela D'Angelo
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisabetta Serafini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovambattista Desideri
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Università dell'Aquila, Via G. Petrini, Edificio Delta 6, 67100 Coppito (AQ), Italy.
| | - Maria Tecla Fuga
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Università dell'Aquila, Via G. Petrini, Edificio Delta 6, 67100 Coppito (AQ), Italy.
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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21
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Haberka M, Stolarz-Skrzypek K, Biedroń M, Szóstak-Janiak K, Partyka M, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M, Gąsior Z. Obesity, Visceral Fat, and Hypertension-Related Complications. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 16:521-529. [PMID: 30183499 DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypertension and obesity are very common and complex cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Our aim was to provide a comprehensive assessment of associations between visceral fat depots and vascular or cardiac complications of hypertension. Methods: All the consecutive patients (age: 45-80 years old) scheduled for elective coronary angiography in the Department of Cardiology were screened, and 400 patients were included into the study group. All the patients had a comprehensive clinical assessment focused on hypertension and obesity, risk factors, fat depots, and several hypertension-related vascular or cardiac complications. Results: The study group (n = 400; F/M: 140/260; age: 61 ± 7 years) included patients with hypertension (n = 354; 88.5%) and normal blood pressure (n = 46; 11.5%) and individuals with obesity (n = 192; 48%), diabetes (n = 139; 35%), metabolic syndrome (n = 240; 60%), and coronary artery disease (n = 286; 71%). Patients with higher degrees of hypertension (grade 3 vs. 2 vs. 1) showed increased body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference and ultrasound indexes of perivascular, epicardial, and abdominal visceral fat with no differences in age, waist-hip ratio, and subcutaneous fat. Both visceral fat depots: perivascular fat (carotid extra-media thickness) and abdominal visceral fat (intra-abdominal thickness) assessed as single measures and ratios were significantly increased in hypertensive patients with high versus low global CV risk in a hypertension-focused risk model (differences more pronounced in patients ≤60 years old). Visceral fat parameters were not independent, but rather additive to general obesity (BMI), except for visceral abdominal fat depot. Conclusions: Visceral abdominal and perivascular fat depots assessed as ultrasound indexes are associated with complications of hypertension and CV risk indicators, especially in patients with a mild-to-moderate hypertension and in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Haberka
- Department of Cardiology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek
- First Department of Cardiology, Interventional Electrocardiology and Hypertension, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Biedroń
- Department of Cardiology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Szóstak-Janiak
- Department of Cardiology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz
- Health Promotion and Obesity Management Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Medical School in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Gąsior
- Department of Cardiology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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22
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Hou J, Li J, Huang J, Lu C, Zhou J, Liu Y, Wu S, Wei F, Wang L, Chen H, Yu H, Wang Z, Jiang A. Relationship between the exposure to cumulative cardiovascular health behaviors and factors and chronic kidney disease-The Kailuan study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203171. [PMID: 30169509 PMCID: PMC6118362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) behaviors and factors, particularly cumulative exposure to ideal CVH (cumCVH), is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the study was to examine the effect of cumCVH on CKD using the data from the Kailuan study. The study included the 27,970 (21,199 males) of the Kailuan community (China). The participants were 19 to 98 years of age. They were followed in 2008-2009, 2010-2011, and 2012-2013 by the same medical staff that did the initial physical examinations in 2006-2007. Participants were censored on the visit reporting CKD. A CVH score was created based on the seven AHA health metrics. The cumCVH score was CVH1×timev1-v2+CVH2×timev2-v3+CVH3×timev3-v4. In the fully adjusted model, compared with the lowest quintile of cumCVH, individuals in the highest quintile had a 75% lower risk of CKD (95% confidence interval (CI): 66-82%). Every additional year lived with a 1-unit increase in ideal CVH was associated with an 11% (95% CI: 9-13%) reduction in the incidence of CKD. Furthermore, when we excluded each of the six metrics from the cumCVH score in turn, the association was unaffected after the exclusion of individual risk factors. Ideal CVH is associated with a reduced incidence of CKD. Measurements of cumCVH are more likely to reflect the lifetime risk of CKD and possibly of other health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Hou
- Kidney disease and blood purification department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, China
- Department of Nephrology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Junjuan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Jinjie Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Chunhong Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, China
- * E-mail: (ALJ); (SLW)
| | - Fang Wei
- Kidney disease and blood purification department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Kidney disease and blood purification department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Kidney disease and blood purification department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- Kidney disease and blood purification department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Kidney disease and blood purification department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, China
| | - Aili Jiang
- Kidney disease and blood purification department, The Second Hospital of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail: (ALJ); (SLW)
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23
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Rivera-Mancía S, Colín-Ramírez E, Cartas-Rosado R, Infante O, Vargas-Barrón J, Vallejo M. Indicators of accumulated fat are stronger associated with prehypertension compared with indicators of circulating fat: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11869. [PMID: 30142781 PMCID: PMC6113050 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, prehypertension has been considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease because it can progress to hypertension. The association between obesity and dyslipidemia with raised blood pressure has been reported in some studies; however, the ability of indicators of such conditions to predict prehypertension has been scarcely explored. In this cross-sectional study, we compared the ability of indicators of accumulated and circulating fat to discriminate between prehypertensive and normotensive Mexico City residents (n = 1377). The indicators were classified based on the parameters needed for their calculation: including only circulating fat (IOCFi) (e.g., Castelli risk indexes), including only accumulated fat (IOAFi) (e.g., waist circumference [WC]), and mixed (e.g., lipid accumulation product [LAP]). We compared the areas under the receiving operating characteristic curves (AURCs) and estimated the cutoff points for each indicator and their associated risk of prehypertension. The IOAFi had the greatest AURCs, followed by mixed and IOCFi; the AURCs for WC were the highest (AURC = 0.688 and 0.666 for women and men, respectively). The highest odds ratios for prehypertension were those associated with the cutoff points for IOAFi and LAP (e.g., OR = 2.8 for women with WC > 83.5 cm and OR = 2.6 for men with WC > 87.5 cm). Early detecting people at risk of cardiovascular disease is a necessity and given that WC had a better performance than the other indexes and it is relatively easy to measure, it has the potential of being used as a complementary measure in routine clinical examinations and by the general population as an auto-screening measurement to detect prehypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maite Vallejo
- Department of Social Medicine Research, National Institute of Cardiology “Ignacio Chávez,” Mexico City, Mexico
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24
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Jayedi A, Rashidy-Pour A, Khorshidi M, Shab-Bidar S. Body mass index, abdominal adiposity, weight gain and risk of developing hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of more than 2.3 million participants. Obes Rev 2018; 19:654-667. [PMID: 29334692 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test the association between anthropometric measures and risk of developing hypertension. METHODS We did a systematic search using PubMed and Scopus, from inception up to January 2017. Prospective cohort studies reporting the risk estimates of hypertension for three or more quantitative categories of indices of general and abdominal adiposity were included. Summary relative risks were calculated using random-effects models. RESULTS Fifty-seven prospective cohort studies were included. Summary relative risks were 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41, 1.58; I2 = 97.4%, n = 50) for a five-unit increment in body mass index, 1.27 (95%CI: 1.15, 1.39; I2 = 95.0%, n = 14) for a 10-cm increment in waist circumference, 1.16 (95%CI: 1.09, 1.23; I2 = 77.8%, n = 5) for weight gain equal to a one-unit increment in BMI, and 1.37 (95%CI: 1.24, 1.51; I2 = 76.4%, n = 8) and 1.74 (95%CI: 1.35, 2.13; I2 = 58.9%, n = 4) for a 0.1-unit increment in waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio, respectively. The risk of hypertension increased continuously with increasing all anthropometric measures, and also along with weight gain. CONCLUSION Being as lean as possible within the normal body mass index range may be the best suggestion in relation to primary prevention of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jayedi
- Food (salt) Safety Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - A Rashidy-Pour
- Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - M Khorshidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Covassin N, Sert-Kuniyoshi FH, Singh P, Romero-Corral A, Davison DE, Lopez-Jimenez F, Jensen MD, Somers VK. Experimental Weight Gain Increases Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Healthy Subjects: Implications of Visceral Fat Accumulation. Mayo Clin Proc 2018; 93:618-626. [PMID: 29728201 PMCID: PMC5977394 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether experimentally induced weight gain raises ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in healthy subjects and identify any relationship between changes in BP and changes in regional fat distribution. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-six normal weight subjects were randomized to 8 weeks of weight gain through overfeeding (n=16; age, 30.4±6.6 years) or to weight maintenance (controls; n=10; age, 27.1±7.7 years) between July 2004 and August 2010. Measures of body composition via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography, circulating biomarkers, and 24-hour ambulatory BP were obtained at baseline and after the 8-week experimental phase. RESULTS Overfeeding resulted in 3.7 kg (95% CI, 2.9-4.5) increase in body weight in weight gainers, with increments in total (46.2 cm2; 95% CI, 27.6-64.9), visceral (13.8 cm2; 95% CI, 5.8-21.9), and subcutaneous fat (32.4 cm2; 95% CI, 13.5-51.3). No changes occurred in the maintenance group. Increases in 24-hour systolic BP (4 mm Hg; 95% CI, 1.6-6.3), mean BP (1.7 mm Hg; 95% CI, 0.3-3.3), and pulse pressure (2.8 mm Hg; 95% CI, 1.1-4.4) were evident after weight gain in the experimental group, whereas BP remained unchanged in controls. Changes in mean BP correlated only with changes in visceral fat (ρ=0.45; P=.02), but not with changes in other body composition measures. CONCLUSION Modest weight gain causes elevation in 24-hour BP in healthy subjects. The association between increased BP and abdominal visceral fat accumulation suggests that visceral deposition of adipose tissue may contribute specifically to the enhanced risk of hypertension associated with weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naima Covassin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Prachi Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Diane E Davison
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Michael D Jensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Virend K Somers
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
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26
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Sedaghat Z, Zibaeenejad M, Fararouei M. Hypertension, risk factors and coronary artery stenosis: A case-control study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 41:1-6. [PMID: 29694250 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1462376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although hypertension is introduced as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), our knowledge about the nature of the association is hindered. The aim of this study was to assess the concurrent associations of several factors including serologic, anthropometric and coronary artery stenosis (CAS) with blood pressure. This is a case-control study on 163 hypertensive patients (SBP > 140 mmHg or DBP > 80 mmHg) and 227 healthy participants. All participants underwent angiography due to classic symptoms of CVDs. Controlling for other study variables, significant associations between CAS (OR yes/no = 1.99, 95%CI: 1.18-3.34 P = 0.006), BMI (kg/m2) (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.03-1.14, P = 0.002) and age (year) (OR = 1.03, 95%CI = 1.005-1.05, p = 0.01) with hypertension were found. However, according to the results of the stratified analysis, no such associations were found among those with significant CAS. BMI and age were the only significant predictors of hypertension among participants with no CAS. Abdominal obesity was not remained in the final model regardless of the presence or absence of stenosis. As expected, stenosis itself was significantly associated with hypertension. This study suggested that BMI and age are the most powerful predictors of hypertension among those without CAS. As the result, it can be concluded that CAS alters the association between several factors and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sedaghat
- a HIV/AIDS Research center , HIV/AIDS Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mohammadjavad Zibaeenejad
- a HIV/AIDS Research center , HIV/AIDS Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mohammad Fararouei
- a HIV/AIDS Research center , HIV/AIDS Research center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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27
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Chen Y, Liang X, Zheng S, Wang Y, Lu W. Association of Body Fat Mass and Fat Distribution With the Incidence of Hypertension in a Population-Based Chinese Cohort: A 22-Year Follow-Up. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e007153. [PMID: 29745366 PMCID: PMC5907541 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There have been few studies on the association between the incidence of hypertension and the presence and distribution of body fat. The aim of this article was to evaluate this association. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were obtained from the China Health Nutrition Survey, a 22-year cohort study of 12 907 participants. Body mass index and triceps skinfold thickness were used as markers of body fat, whereas waist circumference (WC) was used as a marker of fat distribution. Cox regression was used to examine the association of body mass index, WC, and skinfold thickness with the incidence of hypertension. The interval between the baseline and hypertension diagnosis was the time variable, and hypertension was the end event. The mean age and proportion of men and women were 38.29 and 38.03 years and 45.63% and 54.37%, respectively. Compared with normal WC, abdominal obesity was associated with hypertension (P<0.001; crude hazard ratio, 2.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.89-2.37). Similarly, overweight (crude hazard ratio, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, 1.64-1.87) and obesity (crude hazard ratio, 3.19; 95% confidence interval, 2.80-3.63) were risk factors for hypertension (all P<0.001). When stratified by sex, the results confirmed that WC and body mass index predicted the development of hypertension in both men and women but not skinfold thickness in women. CONCLUSIONS Body mass index and WC were independent risk factors for hypertension, but skinfold thickness was a poor marker of body fat and could not be used to predict hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Senshuang Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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28
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Association of Changes in Abdominal Fat Quantity and Quality With Incident Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 68:1509-21. [PMID: 27687192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are associated with adverse cardiometabolic risk profiles. OBJECTIVES This study explored the degree to which changes in abdominal fat quantity and quality are associated with changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. METHODS Study participants (n = 1,106; 44.1% women; mean baseline age 45.1 years) were drawn from the Framingham Heart Study Third Generation cohort who participated in the computed tomography (CT) substudy Exams 1 and 2. Participants were followed for 6.1 years on average. Abdominal adipose tissue volume in cm(3) and attenuation in Hounsfield units (HU) were determined by CT-acquired abdominal scans. RESULTS The mean fat volume change was an increase of 602 cm(3) for SAT and an increase of 703 cm(3) for VAT; the mean fat attenuation change was a decrease of 5.5 HU for SAT and an increase of 0.07 HU for VAT. An increase in fat volume and decrease in fat attenuation were associated with adverse changes in CVD risk factors. An additional 500 cm(3) increase in fat volume was associated with incident hypertension (odds ratio [OR]: 1.21 for SAT; OR: 1.30 for VAT), hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 1.15 for SAT; OR: 1.56 for VAT), and metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.43 for SAT; OR: 1.82 for VAT; all p < 0.05). Similar trends were observed for each additional 5 HU decrease in abdominal adipose tissue attenuation. Most associations remained significant even after further accounting for body mass index change, waist circumference change, or respective abdominal adipose tissue volumes. CONCLUSIONS Increasing accumulation of fat quantity and decreasing fat attenuation are associated with worsening of CVD risk factors beyond the associations with generalized adiposity, central adiposity, or respective adipose tissue volumes.
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Greater visceral abdominal fat is associated with a lower probability of conversion of prehypertension to normotension. J Hypertens 2017; 35:1213-1218. [PMID: 28169882 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prehypertension is associated with increased risk for incident hypertension. However, little is known about how frequently prehypertension converts to normotension, and which variables predict this conversion. METHODS We identified 186 Japanese Americans with prehypertension (110 men, 76 women) aged 34-75 years (mean age of 52.3 years) who were followed at 5 and 10 years after enrollment. Blood pressure was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer and average blood pressure was calculated. Subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous thigh adipose tissue area were measured by computed tomography. RESULTS Approximately one-third of those with prehypertension converted to normotension over 10 years of follow-up. Those who converted to normotension were younger, less obese, and had significantly lower baseline SBP, fasting glucose, cholesterol levels, and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance compared with study participants who continued to have prehypertension or progressed to hypertension. With regard to body fat compartments, study participants with conversion to normotension showed a significantly smaller VAT area compared with the nonconversion group (P < 0.001); but, subcutaneous adipose tissue and subcutaneous thigh adipose tissue were not significant. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, baseline VAT was inversely associated with the conversion independent of age, sex, waist circumference, diabetes, fasting glucose, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and SBP [odds ratio per 1 SD VAT increment (95% confidence interval), 0.35 (0.15-0.80), P = 0.012]. CONCLUSION This is the first prospective study showing the role of body fat distribution, determined by computed tomography scan, in predicting the natural history of prehypertension. Baseline VAT was inversely and independently associated with the conversion to normal blood pressure. No other adipose variable was significant. The mechanisms responsible for these observations remain to be elucidated.
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30
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Pedersen JS, Borup C, Damgaard M, Yatawara VD, Floyd AK, Gadsbøll N, Bonfils PK. Early 24-hour blood pressure response to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in obese patients. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2016; 77:53-59. [PMID: 27905219 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2016.1258725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has been proposed, that the blood pressure (BP) lowering effect of gastric bypass surgery not only is explained by the obtained weight loss, but that the anatomical rearrangement of the gut after 'malabsorptive' surgical techniques, such as the laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), may affect BP through a change in a putative 'entero-renal' axis. If so one could anticipate a reduction in BP even before a noticeable weight loss was obtained. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the very early BP response to LRYGB surgery. Ten severely obese hypertensive (mean BMI 40.8 kg/m2) and 10 severely obese normotensive (mean BMI 41.7 kg/m2) patients underwent 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurements (24 h ABPMs) before LRYGB and again day 1 and day 10 after LRYGB. No change in 24 h BP was observed day 1 after LRYGB. Day 10 after surgery both hypertensive and normotensive patients demonstrated a significant 12.6 mmHg and 9.5 reduction in systolic BP (SBP), respectively. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased by 8.3 and 5.4 mmHg. At day 10 postoperatively, a weight loss of 7.9 kg in the hypertensive patients and 7.0 kg in the normotensive patients was observed. The reduction in BP after LRYGB takes place before any substantial weight loss has occurred. The reason for this remains speculative, but obese hypertensive patients may clearly benefit from the operation even if the goal of achieving 'normoweight' is not obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie S Pedersen
- a Department of Medicine , Zealand University Hospital , Koege , Denmark
| | - Christian Borup
- a Department of Medicine , Zealand University Hospital , Koege , Denmark
| | - Morten Damgaard
- b Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Vindhya D Yatawara
- a Department of Medicine , Zealand University Hospital , Koege , Denmark
| | - Andrea K Floyd
- c Department of Surgery, Division of Bariatric Surgery , Zealand University Hospital , Koege , Denmark
| | - Niels Gadsbøll
- a Department of Medicine , Zealand University Hospital , Koege , Denmark
| | - Peter K Bonfils
- a Department of Medicine , Zealand University Hospital , Koege , Denmark.,d Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine , Zealand University Hospital , Koege , Denmark
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31
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Zhao HY, Liu XX, Wang AX, Wu YT, Zheng XM, Zhao XH, Cui K, Ruan CY, Lu CZ, Jonas JB, Wu SL. Ideal cardiovascular health and incident hypertension: The longitudinal community-based Kailuan study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5415. [PMID: 27977580 PMCID: PMC5268026 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) has been defined by the American Heart Association as the absence of disease and presence of 7 key health factors. Since it is unknown whether cumulative exposure to CVH reduces the risk of developing arterial hypertension, we prospectively examined the potential association between cumulative CVH (cumCVH) score (except for blood pressure metrics) and incident hypertension.Of the 101,510 participants with an age range of 18 to 98 years in this longitudinal community-based Kailuan study, our cohort included those 15,014 participants without hypertension at baseline and who had follow-up examinations 2, 4, and 6 years later. CumCVH was calculated as the summed CVH score for each examination multiplied by the time between the 2 examinations (points × year). Based on the cumCVH score, the study population was stratified into groups of <44 points, 44 to 48 points, 49 to 54 points, 55 to 59 points, and ≥60 points.Incidence of hypertension ranged from 16.76% in the lowest cumCVH category to 11.52% in the highest cumCVH category. After adjusting for age, sex, education level, income level, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration, uric acid concentration, resting heart rate, parental history of hypertension at baseline, and medication usage before the third follow-up examination, participants in the highest cumCVH category had a significantly reduced risk of incident hypertension compared with those in the lowest cumCVH category (adjusted odds ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.50-0.71). For every increase in category based on the cumCVH score, the risk of hypertension decreased by approximately 2% (odds ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.97-0.98). The effect was consistent across sex and age groups.A higher cumCVH score is associated with a lower risk of incident hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital
| | - Xiao Xue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tangshan People's Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan
| | - An Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Tao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital
| | | | | | - Kai Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital
| | | | - Cheng Zhi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Clinical Medical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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32
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Seven E, Thuesen BH, Linneberg A, Jeppesen JL. Abdominal Adiposity Distribution Quantified by Ultrasound Imaging and Incident Hypertension in a General Population. Hypertension 2016; 68:1115-1122. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.116.07306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal obesity is a major risk factor for hypertension. However, different distributions of abdominal adipose tissue may affect hypertension risk differently. The main purpose of this study was to explore the association of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) with incident hypertension in a population-based setting. We hypothesized that VAT, rather than SAT, would be associated with incident hypertension. VAT and SAT were determined by ultrasound imagining in 3363 randomly selected Danes (mean age 49 years, 56% women, mean body mass index 25.8 kg/m
2
). We constructed multiple logistic regression models to compute standardized odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals per SD increase in SAT and VAT. Of the 2119 normotensive participants at baseline, 1432, with mean SAT of 2.8 cm and mean VAT of 5.7 cm, returned 5 years later for a follow-up examination and among them 203 had developed hypertension. In models including both VAT and SAT, the Framingham Hypertension Risk Score variables (age, sex, smoking status, family history of hypertension, and baseline blood pressure) and glycated hemoglobin, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for incident hypertension for 1 SD increase in VAT and SAT was 1.27 (1.08–1.50,
P
=0.004) and 0.97 (0.81–1.15,
P
=0.70), respectively. Adjusting for body mass index instead of SAT attenuated the association between VAT and incident hypertension, but it was still significant (odds ratio, 1.22 [1.01–1.48,
P
=0.041] for each SD increase in VAT). In conclusion, ultrasound-determined VAT, but not SAT, was associated with incident hypertension in a random sample of Danish adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekim Seven
- From the Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (E.S., B.H.T., A.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark (E.S., J.L.J.); Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (A.L.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (A.L., J.L.J.)
| | - Betina H. Thuesen
- From the Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (E.S., B.H.T., A.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark (E.S., J.L.J.); Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (A.L.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (A.L., J.L.J.)
| | - Allan Linneberg
- From the Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (E.S., B.H.T., A.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark (E.S., J.L.J.); Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (A.L.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (A.L., J.L.J.)
| | - Jørgen L. Jeppesen
- From the Research Centre for Prevention and Health, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (E.S., B.H.T., A.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark (E.S., J.L.J.); Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (A.L.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (A.L., J.L.J.)
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33
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Tang L, Zhang F, Tong N. The association of visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue with metabolic risk factors in a large population of Chinese adults. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2016; 85:46-53. [PMID: 26725580 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues contribute to obesity, but may have different cardiometabolic risk profiles. We examined and compared the associations of abdominal VAT and SAT with metabolic risk factors in a large cohort of Chinese adults. METHODS This study was based on cross-sectional analysis of data from 1449 adults aged 40-65 years. VAT and SAT were assessed at L4-L5 level by magnetic resonance imaging. The associations of VAT and SAT with blood pressure, glucose and lipid were examined by linear regression stratified by sex and glucose tolerance status (normal glucose tolerance and prediabetes). Logistic regression was used to analyse the association of VAT and SAT with risk of hypertension, prediabetes and dyslipidaemia. RESULTS VAT was more strongly associated with metabolic risk factors. Higher VAT was associated with higher blood pressure (βmen = 3·99, P = 0·0002; βwomen = 6·46, P = 0·0002), higher triglyceride (βmen = 0·45, P < 0·0001; βwomen = 0·6, P < 0·0001), higher total cholesterol (βmen = 0·15, P = 0·02; βwomen = 0·37, P = 0·0002) and higher 2-h glucose levels (βmen = 0·68, P = 0·003; βwomen = 0·94, P < 0·0001). The association remained significant after subjects were stratified by glucose tolerance status. However, SAT was not associated with any additional risk factors. VAT was associated with increased risk of hypertension (OR = 1·97, P < 0·0001), prediabetes (OR = 1·53, P = 0·0007) and dyslipidaemia (OR = 2·40, P < 0·0001). These associations were not observed for SAT. CONCLUSIONS VAT was more strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors than SAT in a large cohort of Chinese adults. Higher VAT was associated with increased risk of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanwei Tong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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34
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Kocarnik BM, Boyko EJ, Matsumoto AM, Fujimoto WY, Hayashi T, Leonetti DL, Page ST. Baseline estradiol concentration in community-dwelling Japanese American men is not associated with intra-abdominal fat accumulation over 10 years. Obes Res Clin Pract 2015; 10:624-632. [PMID: 26747209 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM The role of plasma estradiol in the accumulation of intra-abdominal fat (IAF) in men is uncertain. Cross-sectional studies using imaging of IAF have shown either a positive or no association. In contrast, a randomised controlled trial using an aromatase inhibitor to suppress estradiol production found an association between oestrogen deficiency and short-term IAF accumulation. No longitudinal study has been conducted to examine the relationship between plasma estradiol concentration and the change in IAF area measured using direct imaging. METHODS This is a longitudinal observational study in community-dwelling Japanese-American men (n=215, mean age 52 years, BMI 25.4kg/m2). IAF and subcutaneous fat areas were assessed using computerized tomography (CT) at baseline, 5 and 10 years. Baseline plasma estradiol concentrations were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Univariate analysis found no association between baseline estradiol concentration and baseline IAF, or 5- or 10-year changes in IAF area (r=-0.05 for both time points, p=0.45 and p=0.43, respectively). Multivariate linear regression analysis of the change in IAF area by baseline estradiol concentration adjusted for age, baseline IAF area, and weight change found no association with either the 5- or 10-year IAF area change (p=0.52 and p=0.55, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Plasma estradiol concentration was not associated with baseline IAF nor with change in IAF area over 5 or 10 years based on serial CT scans in community-dwelling Japanese-American men. These results do not support a role for oestrogen deficiency in IAF accumulation in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly M Kocarnik
- General Medicine and Hospital and Specialty Medicine Services, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Seattle Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States.
| | - Edward J Boyko
- General Medicine and Hospital and Specialty Medicine Services, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Alvin M Matsumoto
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States; Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Wilfred Y Fujimoto
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Tomoshige Hayashi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Donna L Leonetti
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Stephanie T Page
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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