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Kumar J, Roem J, Furth SL, Warady BA, Atkinson MA, Flynn JT. Vitamin D and its associations with blood pressure in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort. Pediatr Nephrol 2024; 39:3279-3288. [PMID: 38970659 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (25OHD) can modulate pathways and mechanisms that regulate blood pressure (BP). Observational studies in children and adults have shown an inverse association between 25OHD and BP. Studies evaluating associations between 25OHD and BP in pediatric chronic kidney disease are limited. METHODS We evaluated the associations between 25OHD and BP using data from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study. Clinic or ambulatory BP index was defined as participant's BP divided by 95th age-sex-height-specific BP percentile, an index > 1 suggests hypertension. Primary outcomes of interest were changes in systolic and diastolic clinic and ambulatory BP indices over follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate associations between BP indices and 25OHD. RESULTS The study cohort consisted of 370 participants who contributed 970 person-visits. A subset of 194 participants with ambulatory BP data contributed 465 person-visits. There was an association between baseline 25OHD levels and clinic systolic BP index such that for every 10 ng/ml lower 25OHD, clinic systolic BP index was 1.0% higher (95%CI: 0.2-1.8, p = 0.016) between participants. The association between clinic diastolic BP index with baseline 25OHD was not significant. For within-person changes, longitudinal decreases in 25OHD were not significantly associated with concomitant increases in clinic systolic or diastolic BP index. There were no significant associations between 25OHD levels at baseline or longitudinally with 24-h ABPM indices. CONCLUSIONS Low 25OHD levels were associated with higher clinic systolic BP in children with CKD. Vitamin D supplementation to maintain normal 25OHD levels might be a useful adjunctive treatment in optimizing BP control in these high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhi Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center/Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Jennifer Roem
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan L Furth
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bradley A Warady
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | - Joseph T Flynn
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Berry SPDG, Honkpèhedji YJ, Ludwig E, Mahmoudou S, Prodjinotho UF, Adamou R, Nouatin OP, Adégbitè BR, Dejon-Agobe JC, Mba RB, Maloum M, Nkoma AMM, Zinsou JF, Luty AJF, Esen M, Adégnika AA, Prazeres da Costa C. Impact of helminth infections during pregnancy on maternal and newborn Vitamin D and on birth outcomes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14845. [PMID: 38937587 PMCID: PMC11211496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65232-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor birth outcomes in low- and middle income countries are associated with maternal vitamin D deficiency and chronic helminth infections. Here, we investigated whether maternal Schistosoma haematobium affects maternal or cord vitamin D status as well as birth outcomes. In a prospective cross-sectional study of pregnant women conducted in Lambaréné, Gabon, we diagnosed maternal parasitic infections in blood, urine and stool. At delivery we measured vitamin D in maternal and cord blood. S. haematobium, soil-transmitted helminths, and microfilariae were found at prevalences of 30.2%, 13.0%, and 8.8%, respectively. Insufficient vitamin D and calcium levels were found in 28% and 15% of mothers, and in 11.5% and 1.5% of newborns. Mothers with adequate vitamin D had lower risk of low birthweight babies (aOR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.02-0.52, p = 0.01), whilst offspring of primipars had low cord vitamin D levels, and low vitamin D levels increased the risk of maternal inflammation. Maternal filariasis was associated with low calcium levels, but other helminth infections affected neither vitamin D nor calcium levels in either mothers or newborns. Healthy birth outcomes require maintenance of adequate vitamin D and calcium levels. Chronic maternal helminth infections do not disrupt those levels in a semi-rural setting in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sèyigbéna P Déo-Gracias Berry
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Trogerstrasse 30, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Center for Global Health, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Yabo Josiane Honkpèhedji
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Fondation Pour La Recherche Scientifique (FORS), Cotonou, Benin
| | - Esther Ludwig
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Trogerstrasse 30, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Center for Global Health, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Fabien Prodjinotho
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Trogerstrasse 30, 81675, Munich, Germany
- Center for Global Health, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Rafiou Adamou
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Odilon P Nouatin
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin (IRCB), Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Bayode R Adégbitè
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jean Claude Dejon-Agobe
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Romuald Beh Mba
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | | | | | - Jeannot Fréjus Zinsou
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Fondation Pour La Recherche Scientifique (FORS), Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Meral Esen
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ayôla Akim Adégnika
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Fondation Pour La Recherche Scientifique (FORS), Cotonou, Benin
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Clarissa Prazeres da Costa
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Trogerstrasse 30, 81675, Munich, Germany.
- Center for Global Health, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Munich, Munich, Germany.
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Björkman K, Valkama M, Bruun E, Pätsi P, Kulmala P, Tulppo MP, Leskinen M, Ojaniemi M. Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Preterm-Born Young Adults and Association with Vitamin D: A Wearable Device Assessment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7504. [PMID: 38137574 PMCID: PMC10743414 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Prematurity has been associated with impaired parasympathetic cardiac regulation later in life. Changes in heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) may indicate a risk for future cardiac dysfunction. The putative role of Vitamin D on cardiac autonomic function in individuals born preterm (PT) remains unknown. This study involves monitoring autonomic cardiac regulation and Vitamin D concentrations in 30 PT and 16 full-term (FT) young adults in a free-living context. The PT subjects were born between 1994 and 1997 at Oulu University Hospital. The inclusion criteria were (1) being born ≤ 32 gestation weeks or (2) being born < 34 gestation weeks with a birth weight under 1500 g. Participants wore an Oura ring sleep tracer, a smart ring device, for 2 weeks to monitor cardiac autonomic function. Parameters related to autonomic cardiac regulation, lowest nighttime resting HR, and the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) to describe HRV were collected. PT males exhibited a tendency toward lower RMSSD (71.8 ± 22.6) compared to FT males (95.63 ± 29.0; p = 0.10). Female participants had a similar mean RMSSD in the FT and PT groups at 72.04 ± 33.2 and 74.0 ± 35.0, respectively. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration did not correlate with cardiac autonomic function parameters. When assessing the lowest resting nighttime HRs and HRVs in a long-term, real-world context, healthy female PT young adults performed similarly to their FT peers. In contrast, the present study's results suggest that male PT young adults exhibit impaired autonomic cardiac function, potentially putting them at risk for cardiovascular disease later in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krista Björkman
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Marita Valkama
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Ella Bruun
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Pauli Pätsi
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Petri Kulmala
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Mikko P. Tulppo
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Research Unit of Biomedicine and Internal Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Markku Leskinen
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
| | - Marja Ojaniemi
- Department of Pediatrics, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, Pohde, 90220 Oulu, Finland
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of North Ostrobothnia, 90014 Oulu, Finland;
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Makker K, Wang X. Early Life Origins of Cardio-Metabolic Outcomes in Boston Birth Cohort: Review of Findings and Future directions. PRECISION NUTRITION 2023; 2:e00050. [PMID: 38283709 PMCID: PMC10810337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kartikeya Makker
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
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Zhou Y, Jiang M, Sun JY, Cheng C, Shen H, Sun W, Kong XQ. The Association Between Vitamin D Levels and the 10-Year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Population-Based Study. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2023; 38:E178-E186. [PMID: 36178328 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between vitamin D levels and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk remains unclear. In this study, the association between serum 25(OH)D and 10-year ASCVD risk was examined in a national sample of middle-aged and older adults. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The Pooled Cohort Equations were used to estimate the risk of a first ASCVD event in 10 years. An adjusted multiple linear regression model was used to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D and ASCVD risk. In addition, we performed sensitivity analysis and interactive analysis to assess the robustness of associations across different subgroups. RESULTS A total of 3354 participants were included in this study. The linear regression model indicated that the risk of ASCVD decreased with the increase in serum 25(OH)D. When analyzed as a continuous variable, serum 25(OH)D was significantly associated with the estimated 10-year risk of ASCVD. In the fully adjusted model, each 10-nmol/L increase in serum 25(OH)D reduced the estimated 10-year ASCVD risk by 0.172% ( P < .001). Individuals in the moderate, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D deficiency groups had a 0.449% ( P = .362), 0.957% ( P = .046), 1.475% ( P = .003) decrease in ASCVD risk, respectively, when a severe vitamin D deficiency group was set as a reference in the fully adjusted model. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a negative association between vitamin D levels and the predicted 10-year risk of ASCVD. Further studies are required to investigate whether vitamin D supplements could reduce the risk of ASCVD.
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Lobitz CA, Yamaguchi I. Lifestyle Interventions for Elevated Blood Pressure in Childhood-Approaches and Outcomes. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022; 24:589-598. [PMID: 35972678 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-022-01217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of existing and emerging lifestyle treatments in the clinical management of primary elevated blood pressure and hypertension in pediatric patients. The authors hope to expand the knowledge base surrounding pediatric hypertension and update clinicians on best practices to improve outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS Elevated blood pressure is traditionally addressed with broad lifestyle recommendations such as limiting salt consumption and losing weight. This approach is not well adapted for pediatric patients. Novel and often underutilized approaches to the treatment of hypertension in pediatrics include psychological counseling for behavior modification, circadian nutrition, consistent use of interdisciplinary teams, manipulation of macronutrients, stress management, technology-infused interventions, and systemic changes to the food environment. Elevated blood pressure is a pervasive condition affecting cardiovascular disease and mortality risk. Increasingly, pediatric patients are presenting with elevated blood pressure with etiologies known to be affected by lifestyle behaviors. Weight management, dietary modifications, and daily physical activity are well-researched methods for improving individual blood pressure measurements. These strategies can sometimes be as effective as pharmacological interventions at lowering blood pressure. However, compliance with these individual recommendations is not consistent and has led to unsatisfactory results. There are emerging treatment trends that may provide non-traditional and more effective non-pharmacologic routes to blood pressure management in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Austin Lobitz
- Pediatric Nephrology, University Health System, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Ikuyo Yamaguchi
- Pediatric Nephrology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center and Oklahoma Children's Hospital, OU Health, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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7
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Pearson C, Bartell T, Wang G, Hong X, Rusk SA, Fu L, Cerda S, Bustamante-Helfrich B, Kuohung W, Yarrington C, Adams WG, Wang X. Boston Birth Cohort Profile: Rationale and Study Design. PRECISION NUTRITION 2022; 1:e00011. [PMID: 36660305 PMCID: PMC9844822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In 1998, the Boston Birth Cohort (BBC) was initiated at Boston Medical Center (BMC) in response to persistently high rates of preterm birth (PTB, defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation) in the US population and the longstanding profound PTB disparity among Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC). The BBC encompasses two linked study protocols: The Preterm Birth Study serves as the baseline recruitment in the BBC. It aims to address fundamental questions about the causes and consequences of PTB. The study oversamples preterm babies using a case/control study design, in which cases are defined as mothers who deliver a preterm and/or low birthweight baby (<2500 grams regardless of gestational age). Controls are enrolled at a 2:1 control/case ratio and matched by maternal age (±5 years), self-reported race and ethnicity, and date of delivery (± 7 days for case delivery). From inception, it was designed as a comprehensive gene-environmental study of PTB. As a natural extension, the Children's Health Study, under a separate but linked IRB protocol, is a longitudinal follow-up study of the participants who were recruited at birth in the Preterm Birth Study and who continue pediatric care at BMC. This linked model allows for investigation of early life origins of pediatric and chronic disease in a prospective cohort design. The BBC is one of the largest and longest NIH-funded prospective birth cohort studies in the US, consisting of 8733 mother-child dyads enrolled in the Preterm Birth Study at birth, and of those, 3,592 children have been enrolled in the Children's Health Study, with a median follow-up of 14.5 years. The BBC mirrors the urban, under-resourced and underrepresented BIPOC population served by BMC. A high proportion of BBC children were born prematurely and had chronic health conditions (e.g., asthma, obesity and elevated blood pressure) in childhood. The BBC's long-term goal has been to build a large, comprehensive database (epidemiological, clinical, multi-omics) and biospecimen repository to elucidate early life origins of pediatric and chronic diseases and identify modifiable upstream factors (e.g., psychosocial, environmental, nutritional) to improve health across the life course for BIPOC mothers and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Pearson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tami Bartell
- Patrick M. Magoon Institute for Healthy Communities, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Serena A. Rusk
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - LingLing Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sandra Cerda
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Wendy Kuohung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina Yarrington
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William G. Adams
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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8
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Pearson C, Bartell T, Wang G, Hong X, Rusk SA, Fu L, Cerda S, Bustamante-Helfrich B, Kuohung W, Yarrington C, Adams WG, Wang X. Boston Birth Cohort profile: rationale and study design. PRECISION NUTRITION 2022; 1:e00011. [PMID: 37745944 PMCID: PMC9844822 DOI: 10.1097/pn9.0000000000000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
In1998, the Boston Birth Cohort (BBC) was initiated at Boston Medical Center (BMC) in response to persistently high rates of preterm birth (PTB, defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation) in the US population and the longstanding profound PTB disparity among Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC). The BBC encompasses two linked study protocols: The PTB Study serves as the baseline recruitment in the BBC. It aims to address fundamental questions about the causes and consequences of PTB. The study oversamples preterm babies using a case/control study design, in which cases are defined as mothers who deliver a preterm and/or low birthweight baby (<2500 grams regardless of gestational age). Controls are enrolled at a 2:1 control/case ratio and matched by maternal age (±5 years), self-reported race and ethnicity, and date of delivery (± 7 days for case delivery). From inception, it was designed as a comprehensive gene-environmental study of PTB. As a natural extension, the Children's Health Study, under a separate but linked Institutional Review Board protocol, is a longitudinal follow-up study of the participants who were recruited at birth in the PTB Study and who continue pediatric care at BMC. This linked model allows for investigation of early life origins of pediatric and chronic disease in a prospective cohort design. The BBC is one of the largest and longest National Institutes of Health-funded prospective birth cohort studies in the United States, consisting of 8733 mother-child dyads enrolled in the PTB Study at birth, and of those, 3592 children have been enrolled in the Children's Health Study, with a median follow-up of 14.5 years. The BBC mirrors the urban, underresourced, and underrepresented BIPOC population served by BMC. A high proportion of BBC children were born prematurely and had chronic health conditions (e.g., asthma, obesity, and elevated blood pressure) in childhood. The BBC's long-term goal has been to build a large, comprehensive database (epidemiological, clinical, and multiomics) and biospecimen repository to elucidate early life origins of pediatric and chronic diseases and identify modifiable upstream factors (e.g., psychosocial, environmental, and nutritional) to improve health across the life course for BIPOC mothers and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Pearson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tami Bartell
- Patrick M. Magoon Institute for Healthy Communities, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Serena A. Rusk
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - LingLing Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandra Cerda
- Department of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Wendy Kuohung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christina Yarrington
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William G. Adams
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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9
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Pedersen JN, Dalgård C, Möller S, Andersen LB, Birukov A, Andersen MS, Christesen HT. Early pregnancy vitamin D status is associated with blood pressure in children: an Odense Child Cohort study. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:470-481. [PMID: 35511609 PMCID: PMC9348989 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood pressure in childhood tracks into later life. Vitamin D status in adults is associated with blood pressure, but the impact of vitamin D status in pregnancy and childhood on blood pressure still needs investigation. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether fetal rather than current vitamin D status is associated with blood pressure in children. METHODS In a prospective observational study within the population-based Odense Child Cohort (OCC), we examined serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D2+3 [s-25(OH)D] in early and late pregnancy, cord blood, and at 5 y age, and the associations with systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) in the 5-y-old children (n = 1,677). Multiple regression models were adjusted for maternal country of origin, parity, smoking during pregnancy, 5-y height, and weight. Two-stage mixed effect modeling was performed, integrating all s-25(OH)D data from pregnancy and cord blood. RESULTS The median (IQR) s-25(OH)D in early pregnancy, late pregnancy, the umbilical cord, and at 5 y was 65.5 (50.7-78.5), 78.5 (60.3- 95.8), 45.4 (31.1- 60.7), and 71.9 (54.6- 86.5) nmol/L, respectively. The mean ±SD 5-y SBP/DBP was 101.0/63.8 (7.1/5.9) mmHg. In adjusted analyses, a 10 nmol/L increase of s-25(OH)D in early pregnancy associated with a 0.3/0.2 mmHg lower SBP/DBP at 5 y (P < 0.05). Optimal s-25(OH)D (>75 nmol/L) in early pregnancy was associated with lower 5-y SBP and DBP, β (95% CI) -1.45 (-2.6, -0.3), and -0.97 (-1.9, -0.1), compared with reference s-25(OH)D (50-74.9 nmol/L). Two-stage analysis combining early pregnancy, late pregnancy, and cord s-25(OH)D data showed an inverse association with 5-y SBP and DBP for boys (P < 0.025) with significant sex-difference for DBP (Pinteraction = 0.004). No associations were found between s-25(OH)D and 5-y BP above the 90th percentile. CONCLUSION Early pregnancy s-25(OH)D concentrations, especially >75 nmol/L, were inversely associated with 5-y blood pressure in the offspring. A novel identified protective effect of optimal vitamin D levels in early pregnancy on offspring BP is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine N Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Christine Dalgård
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Dept of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sören Möller
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark,Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Louise B Andersen
- General Practice, Capital Region, Denmark,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anna Birukov
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Marianne Skovsager Andersen
- Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark,Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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10
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Xiao P, Cheng H, Li H, Zhao X, Hou D, Xie X, Mi J. Vitamin D Trajectories and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors During Childhood: A Large Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:836376. [PMID: 35369351 PMCID: PMC8966377 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.836376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Vitamin D has been indicated to play an important role in the optimal function of the cardiovascular system. However, with limited evidence, it remains unclear whether vitamin D status transition during childhood would affect cardiometabolic risk factors. Thus, we aimed to identify the associations of the longitudinal trajectory of vitamin D status with cardiometabolic risk factors in children. Methods A total of 10,482 participants with complete follow-up records from a large population-based prospective cohort study were included in this analysis. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations, blood pressure, blood lipids, and fasting blood glucose were determined. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25(OH)D concentrations below 30 nmol/L according to the Institute of Medicine recommendations. Based on the vitamin D status at baseline and follow-up, we identified four possible trajectories: (1) persistent non-deficiency (reference); (2) baseline non-deficiency to follow-up deficiency; (3) baseline deficiency to follow-up non-deficiency; (4) persistent deficiency. The relationships between cardiometabolic risk factors and vitamin D trajectories were evaluated using adjusted risk ratios (RRs). Results Overall, 35.1 and 24.2% of participants had vitamin D deficiency at the baseline and follow-up, respectively, and 15.1% were under the condition of persistent vitamin D deficiency. Compared to children with persistent non-deficiency, those who shifted from non-deficiency at baseline to deficiency at follow-up had a 2.09-fold (95% CI: 1.36, 3.23) increased risk of high triglyceride (TG). Besides, children with altered vitamin D status from deficiency to non-deficiency during follow-up were still at a significantly higher risk of high total cholesterol (TC) than the reference group [RR (95% CI): 1.39 (1.04, 1.86)]. Finally, children with persistent vitamin D deficiency were at the highest risks of high TC [RR (95% CI): 1.61 (1.18, 2.19), P trend < 0.001], high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [RR (95% CI): 1.53 (1.04, 2.27), P trend = 0.046], and high TG [RR (95% CI): 1.96 (1.34, 2.87), P trend = 0.003]. Conclusion Our results suggest that persistent vitamin D deficiency might increase the risk of dyslipidemia in children, and vitamin D deficiency could have has short- and long-term effects on TG and TC, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Xiao
- Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqing Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Mi
- Center for Non-communicable Disease Management, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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11
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Radulović Ž, Zupan ZP, Tomazini A, Varda NM. Vitamin D in pediatric patients with obesity and arterial hypertension. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19591. [PMID: 34599252 PMCID: PMC8486804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find potential differences in vitamin D levels between different groups: overweight children with hypertension, normal-weight children with hypertension, overweight children with normal blood pressure and normal-weight children without hypertension, representing the control group. We also wanted to determine whether there are correlations between vitamin D levels and other clinical laboratory parameters, to evaluate the potential need for substitution. We measured vitamin D, homocysteine, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, uric acid, glucose, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B, alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphate and magnesium serum levels in all groups. We also took anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, body mass index (BMI)) and observed patients' blood pressure. The results were analyzed with SPSS statistic tool with basic statistical methods. The study included 175 children between 5 and 18 years of age. Fiftyseven were healthy (group A-control group), 41 normal-weight with hypertension (group B), 44 overweight with hypertension (group C) and 33 overweight with normal blood pressure (group D). The results showed statistically significant differences in values of vitamin D between all groups-A and B (p = 0.003), A and C (p < 0.001), A and D (p < 0.001), B and D (p = 0.043), B and C (0.030), except for groups C and D (p = 0.830). There were statistically significant correlations between vitamin D and BMI (r = - 0.196, p = 0.010), systolic pressure (r = - 0.190, p = 0.002), diastolic pressure (r = - 0.149, p = 0.050), homocysteine (r = - 0.208, p = 0.007), triglycerides (r = - 0.196, p = 0.011) and apolipoprotein A1 (r = 0.222, p = 0.007), confirmed in multivariate model. For the blood pressure, the higher the systolic blood pressure, the lower the average vitamin D was. The pilot study shows significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between all groups of children, apart from groups C and D. These results, combined with statistically significant correlations between vitamin D and systolic and diastolic blood pressure suggest the need for monitoring and potential substitution of vitamin D in in pediatric patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Živa Radulović
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia.
| | - Zarja Polak Zupan
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Aljoša Tomazini
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Marčun Varda
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Nephrology and Hypertension Unit, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
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12
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Martinez L, Ncayiyana JR, Goddard L, Botha M, Workman L, Burd T, Myer L, Nicol M, Zar HJ. Vitamin D concentrations in infancy and the risk of tuberculosis in childhood: A prospective birth cohort in Cape Town, South Africa. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 74:2036-2043. [PMID: 34436538 PMCID: PMC9187320 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low vitamin D may increase the risk of tuberculosis; however, previous observational cohort studies have had variable results. We investigated the relationship between vitamin D levels in infancy and subsequent development of tuberculosis throughout childhood. METHODS We enrolled pregnant women between 20-28 weeks' gestation attending antenatal care in a peri-urban South African setting in the Drakenstein Child Health Study. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were measured in newborn infants between 6-10 weeks of age. Children were followed prospectively for tuberculosis infection and disease using annual tuberculin skin testing, radiographic examinations, and microbiological diagnosis with GeneXpert, culture, and smear testing. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression was performed and hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS Children were followed for tuberculosis for a median of 7.2 years (IQR, 6.2-7.9). Among 744 children (< 1% living with HIV, 21% HIV-exposed living without HIV), those who were vitamin D deficient in early infancy were not at increased risk of developing tuberculosis (AHR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.4-1.6). Infants in the lowest vitamin D concentration tertile were at similar risk of tuberculosis compared to the highest tertile (AHR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.4-1.4). Vitamin D deficiency was associated with tuberculin conversion ≤2 years of age at a <30nmol/l (AOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-3.2), but not <50nmol/l (AOR, 1.5; 95% CI, 0.8-2.9), cutoff. CONCLUSION In a setting with hyperendemic tuberculosis, vitamin D levels in infancy did not predict tuberculosis at any point in childhood. However, very low vitamin D levels were associated with tuberculin conversion in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jabulani R Ncayiyana
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Liz Goddard
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and SA-MRC Uniton Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Maresa Botha
- Division of Paediatric Allergy, Department of Paediatrics, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lesley Workman
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and SA-MRC Uniton Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tiffany Burd
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and SA-MRC Uniton Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Landon Myer
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark Nicol
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Division of Medical Microbiology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Heather J Zar
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, and SA-MRC Uniton Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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13
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Abboud M, Al Anouti F, Papandreou D, Rizk R, Mahboub N, Haidar S. Vitamin D status and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a systematic review of observational studies. Syst Rev 2021; 10:60. [PMID: 33618764 PMCID: PMC7898425 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood hypertension is a growing public health problem. Simultaneously, hypovitaminosis D is widespread in this population and could be associated with hypertension. This study systematically reviewed the literature on the relationship between vitamin D status and blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents. METHODS Following the PRISMA guidelines, PUBMED, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov and the gray literature without language or time restrictions were searched. We included observational studies, assessed their risk of bias, and extracted data on population characteristics, vitamin D status and BP measurements, and the association between the two variables. A narrative analysis of the studies was performed. RESULTS In total, 85 studies were included. Prospective cohort studies showed no association between vitamin D and BP, and generally, they were flawed. Also, the majority of non-prospective cohort studies (cross-sectional, retrospective, case-control) did not report an association between vitamin D and BP. They were mostly flawed regarding BP measurement and adjusting to potential confounders. CONCLUSION The results on the relationship between vitamin D status and BP in children and adolescents varied between the studies, and mainly pointed towards lack of association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abboud
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatme Al Anouti
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rana Rizk
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie (INSPECT-Lb), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Mahboub
- Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan Haidar
- Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
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14
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Zhang M, Michos ED, Wang G, Wang X, Mueller NT. Associations of Cord Blood Vitamin D and Preeclampsia With Offspring Blood Pressure in Childhood and Adolescence. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2019046. [PMID: 33017029 PMCID: PMC7536588 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.19046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Maternal preeclampsia may be one of the early risk factors for childhood and adolescence elevated blood pressure (BP). It is unknown whether the intergenerational association between maternal preeclampsia and offspring BP differs by cord blood vitamin D levels. OBJECTIVE To assess the associations between maternal preeclampsia and offspring systolic BP (SBP) across childhood and adolescence and to test whether these associations vary by cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations (a biomarker of in utero vitamin D status). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort study analyzed 6669 SBP observations from 754 mother-child pairs from the Boston Birth Cohort, who were enrolled from December 1998 to June 2009. Data were analyzed from October 2019 to March 2020. EXPOSURES Physician-diagnosed maternal preeclampsia. Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations measured in cord blood samples collected at delivery. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Repeated SBP measures between 3 and 18 years of age. The SBP percentile was calculated based on the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics hypertension guidelines. Mean difference in SBP percentile in children born to mothers with vs without preeclampsia was compared across different cord blood 25(OH)D levels. RESULTS There were 6669 SBP observations from the 754 children; 50.0% were female and 18.6% were born preterm. Of the 754 mothers, 62.2% were Black and 10.5% had preeclampsia. Median cord blood 25(OH)D was 12.2 (interquartile range, 7.9-17.2) ng/mL. Maternal preeclampsia was associated with 5.34 (95% CI, 1.37-9.30) percentile higher SBP after adjusting for confounders. This association varied by quartiles of cord blood 25(OH)D concentrations: the differences in SBP percentile comparing children born to mothers with vs without preeclampsia were 10.56 (95% CI, 2.54-18.56) for quartile 1 (lowest), 7.36 (95% CI, -0.17 to 14.88) for quartile 2, 4.94 (95% CI, -3.07 to 12.96) for quartile 3, and -1.87 (95% CI, -9.71 to 5.96) for quartile 4 (highest). When cord blood 25(OH)D was analyzed continuously, children born to mothers with preeclampsia had 3.47 (95% CI, 0.77-6.18) percentile lower SBP per 5 ng/mL 25(OH)D increment. These associations did not differ by child sex or developmental stages. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study of a US high-risk birth cohort, maternal preeclampsia was associated with higher offspring SBP from early childhood to adolescence. These associations were attenuated by higher cord blood 25(OH)D levels in a dose-response fashion. Additional studies, including clinical trials, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Erin D. Michos
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Division of General Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Noel T. Mueller
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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15
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Aji AS, Erwinda E, Rasyid R, Yusrawati Y, Malik SG, Alathari B, Lovegrove JA, Lipoeto NI, Vimaleswaran KS. A genetic approach to study the relationship between maternal Vitamin D status and newborn anthropometry measurements: the Vitamin D pregnant mother (VDPM) cohort study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:91-103. [PMID: 32548071 PMCID: PMC7270445 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adverse effects of maternal vitamin D deficiency have been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. We investigated the relationship between maternal vitamin D status and newborn anthropometry measurements using a genetic approach and examined the interaction between genetic variations in involved in vitamin D synthesis and metabolism and maternal vitamin D concentrations on newborn anthropometry. METHODS The study was conducted in 183 pregnant Indonesian Minangkabau women. Genetic risk scores (GRSs) were created using six vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms and their association with 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and newborn anthropometry (183 infants) were investigated. RESULTS There was no significant association between maternal 25(OH)D concentrations and newborn anthropometry measurements (P > 0.05, for all comparisons). After correction for multiple testing using Bonferroni correction, GRS was significantly associated with 25(OH)D in the third trimester (P = 0.004). There was no association between GRS and newborn anthropometric measurements; however, there was an interaction between GRS and 25(OH)D on head circumference (P = 0.030), where mothers of neonates with head circumference < 35 cm had significantly lower 25(OH)D if they carried ≥4 risk alleles compared to those who carried ≤3 risk alleles. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate the impact of vitamin D-related GRS on 25(OH)D and provides evidence for the effect of vitamin D-related GRS on newborn anthropometry through the influence of serum 25(OH)D levels among Indonesian pregnant women. Even though our study is a prospective cohort, before the implementation of vitamin D supplementation programs in Indonesia to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes, further large studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Sabta Aji
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, 25127 Indonesia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alma Ata University, Yogyakarta, 55183 Indonesia
| | - Erwinda Erwinda
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra 25127 Indonesia
| | - Rosfita Rasyid
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra 25127 Indonesia
| | - Yusrawati Yusrawati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, 25127 Indonesia
| | - Safarina G Malik
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, 10430 Indonesia
| | - Buthaina Alathari
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Julie Anne Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, 25127 Indonesia
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16
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Savastio S, Pozzi E, Tagliaferri F, Degrandi R, Cinquatti R, Rabbone I, Bona G. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Risk: which Implications in Children? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3536. [PMID: 32429489 PMCID: PMC7279000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (25OHD) pleiotropic effects are widely recognized and studied. Recently, vitamin D cardiovascular effects are gaining interest, especially in children, although the studies present conflicting data. Some randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that cardiovascular risk markers, such as lipid parameters, inflammation markers, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness, are unaffected by vitamin D supplementation. By contrast, other studies show that low vitamin D levels are associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, and support that increased risk of these diseases occurs primarily in people with vitamin D deficiency. An update on these points in pediatric patients is certainly of interest to focus on possible benefits of its supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Savastio
- SCDU of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.P.); (F.T.); (R.D.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (G.B.)
| | - Erica Pozzi
- SCDU of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.P.); (F.T.); (R.D.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (G.B.)
| | - Francesco Tagliaferri
- SCDU of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.P.); (F.T.); (R.D.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (G.B.)
| | - Roberta Degrandi
- SCDU of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.P.); (F.T.); (R.D.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (G.B.)
| | - Roberta Cinquatti
- SCDU of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.P.); (F.T.); (R.D.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (G.B.)
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- SCDU of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.P.); (F.T.); (R.D.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (G.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Gianni Bona
- SCDU of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Maggiore della Carità, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy; (E.P.); (F.T.); (R.D.); (R.C.); (I.R.); (G.B.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
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17
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Assessing a method and reference material for quantification of vitamin D binding protein during pregnancy. CLINICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 16:11-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinms.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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18
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Environmental and Genetic Determinants of Serum 25(OH)-Vitamin D Levels during Pregnancy and Early Childhood. CHILDREN-BASEL 2019; 6:children6100116. [PMID: 31640192 PMCID: PMC6826446 DOI: 10.3390/children6100116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency has become a common health problem worldwide, particularly among pregnant women and young children. Therefore, we sought to identify environmental, dietary, and genetic determinants of serum 25(OH)-vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels during pregnancy and early childhood. 25(OH)D was measured in women at 24-weeks of gestation (n = 738) and one-week postpartum (n = 284) in the population-based Danish COPSAC2010 mother–child cohort; and in cord blood (n = 257) and age 4 years (n = 298) in children from the at-risk COPSAC2000 mother–child cohort. Environmental, dietary, and genetic variables were tested for association with 25(OH)D using linear regression analyses. After adjusting for season of blood sampling, determinants of lower 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy in the women were higher pre-pregnancy BMI, lower age at birth, lower genetic vitamin D score, lower dietary vitamin D intake, and lower social circumstances. In children, the determinants were lower maternal age at birth, higher pre-pregnancy BMI, lower genetic vitamin D score, older siblings, exposure to tobacco smoking, and female sex. Genetics was an important determinant at all time points, alone explaining 2%–11% of the variance in 25(OH)D. Important determinants of circulating 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy and early childhood include environmental factors, diet, and to a large extent genetics.
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