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Huang S, Dong W, Lin X, Bian J. Na+/K+-ATPase: ion pump, signal transducer, or cytoprotective protein, and novel biological functions. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2684-2697. [PMID: 38595287 PMCID: PMC11168508 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Na+/K+-ATPase is a transmembrane protein that has important roles in the maintenance of electrochemical gradients across cell membranes by transporting three Na+ out of and two K+ into cells. Additionally, Na+/K+-ATPase participates in Ca2+-signaling transduction and neurotransmitter release by coordinating the ion concentration gradient across the cell membrane. Na+/K+-ATPase works synergistically with multiple ion channels in the cell membrane to form a dynamic network of ion homeostatic regulation and affects cellular communication by regulating chemical signals and the ion balance among different types of cells. Therefore, it is not surprising that Na+/K+-ATPase dysfunction has emerged as a risk factor for a variety of neurological diseases. However, published studies have so far only elucidated the important roles of Na+/K+-ATPase dysfunction in disease development, and we are lacking detailed mechanisms to clarify how Na+/K+-ATPase affects cell function. Our recent studies revealed that membrane loss of Na+/K+-ATPase is a key mechanism in many neurological disorders, particularly stroke and Parkinson's disease. Stabilization of plasma membrane Na+/K+-ATPase with an antibody is a novel strategy to treat these diseases. For this reason, Na+/K+-ATPase acts not only as a simple ion pump but also as a sensor/regulator or cytoprotective protein, participating in signal transduction such as neuronal autophagy and apoptosis, and glial cell migration. Thus, the present review attempts to summarize the novel biological functions of Na+/K+-ATPase and Na+/K+-ATPase-related pathogenesis. The potential for novel strategies to treat Na+/K+-ATPase-related brain diseases will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqiang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wanting Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong-Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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2
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Maciąg F, Chhikara A, Heine M. Calcium channel signalling at neuronal endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane junctions. Biochem Soc Trans 2024:BST20230819. [PMID: 38934485 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Neurons are highly specialised cells that need to relay information over long distances and integrate signals from thousands of synaptic inputs. The complexity of neuronal function is evident in the morphology of their plasma membrane (PM), by far the most intricate of all cell types. Yet, within the neuron lies an organelle whose architecture adds another level to this morphological sophistication - the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Neuronal ER is abundant in the cell body and extends to distant axonal terminals and postsynaptic dendritic spines. It also adopts specialised structures like the spine apparatus in the postsynapse and the cisternal organelle in the axon initial segment. At membrane contact sites (MCSs) between the ER and the PM, the two membranes come in close proximity to create hubs of lipid exchange and Ca2+ signalling called ER-PM junctions. The development of electron and light microscopy techniques extended our knowledge on the physiological relevance of ER-PM MCSs. Equally important was the identification of ER and PM partners that interact in these junctions, most notably the STIM-ORAI and VAP-Kv2.1 pairs. The physiological functions of ER-PM junctions in neurons are being increasingly explored, but their molecular composition and the role in the dynamics of Ca2+ signalling are less clear. This review aims to outline the current state of research on the topic of neuronal ER-PM contacts. Specifically, we will summarise the involvement of different classes of Ca2+ channels in these junctions, discuss their role in neuronal development and neuropathology and propose directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Maciąg
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Hanns-Dieter Hüsch Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Arun Chhikara
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Hanns-Dieter Hüsch Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Heine
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Neurobiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Hanns-Dieter Hüsch Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Courjaret R, Prakriya M, Machaca K. SOCE as a regulator of neuronal activity. J Physiol 2024; 602:1449-1462. [PMID: 37029630 DOI: 10.1113/jp283826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous signalling module with established roles in the immune system, secretion and muscle development. Recent evidence supports a complex role for SOCE in the nervous system. In this review we present an update of the current knowledge on SOCE function in the brain with a focus on its role as a regulator of brain activity and excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Courjaret
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Khaled Machaca
- Calcium Signaling Group, Research Department, Weill Cornell Medicine Qatar, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Cao Y, Sun H, Li X, Pommer W, Xiong Y, Chen X, Chu C, Yu F, Hocher B, Wang Z. GSK343 modulates macrophage M2 polarization through the EZH2/MST1/YAP1 signaling axis to mitigate neurological damage induced by hypercalcemia in CKD mice. Cell Signal 2024; 116:111063. [PMID: 38242267 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often culminates in hypercalcemia, instigating severe neurological injuries that are not yet fully understood. This study unveils a mechanism, where GSK343 ameliorates CKD-induced neural damage in mice by modulating macrophage polarization through the EZH2/MST1/YAP1 signaling axis. Specifically, GSK343 downregulated the expression of histone methyltransferase EZH2 and upregulated MST1, which suppressed YAP1, promoting M2 macrophage polarization and thereby, alleviating neural injury in hypercalcemia arising from renal failure. This molecular pathway introduced herein not only sheds light on the cellular machinations behind CKD-induced neurological harm but also paves the way for potential therapeutic interventions targeting the identified axis, especially considering the M2 macrophage polarization as a potential strategy to mitigate hypercalcemia-induced neural injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaochen Cao
- Department of Medicine, Hainan Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31 Longhua Road, Haikou 570102, Hannan, China; Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin 10117, Germany; Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Hongming Sun
- Department of Medicine, Hainan Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31 Longhua Road, Haikou 570102, Hannan, China; Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Okayama University School of Medicine, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Xitong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin 10117, Germany; Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Pommer
- Kuratorium für Dialyse und Nierentransplantation (KfH) - Bildungszentrum, Martin-Behaim-Str. 20, Neu-Isenburg 63263, Germany
| | - Yingquan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin 10117, Germany; Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin 10117, Germany; Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chang Chu
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Department of Medicine, Hainan Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31 Longhua Road, Haikou 570102, Hannan, China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China; Institute of Medical Diagnostics, IMD Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Hainan Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31 Longhua Road, Haikou 570102, Hannan, China; Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China.
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Dong X, Li C, Yao Y, Liu F, Jiang P, Gao Y. Xingnaojing injection alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in Vivo and in Vitro. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25267. [PMID: 38327400 PMCID: PMC10847655 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Xingnaojing (XNJ) injection, an extract derived from traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly used to treat ischemic stroke (IS). Previous studies have shown that XNJ has the ability to alleviate apoptosis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, the potential mechanisms have not been clarified. Objective To identify the neuroprotective effect of XNJ and explore whether XNJ inhibits cell apoptosis associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) after IS. Methods In this study, cultured hippocampal neurons from mouse embryos and Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned randomly to four groups: sham, model, XNJ, and edaravone. The treatment groups were administered 2 h after modelling. Neurological deficit scores and motor performance tests were performed after 24 h of modelling. Additionally, pathomorphology, cell apoptosis and calcium content were evaluated. To ascertain the expression of ERS proteins, western blotting and polymerase chain reaction were employed. Results The results indicated that XNJ treatment resulted in a notable decrease in infarct volume, apoptosis and missteps compared with the model group. XNJ also exhibited improvements in neurological function, grip strength and motor time. The calcium content significantly reduced in XNJ group. The XNJ administration resulted in a reduction in the levels of proteins associated with ERS including CHOP, GRP78, Bax, caspase-12, caspase-9, and cleaved-caspase-3, but an increase of the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. Furthermore, the downregulation of mRNA expression of CHOP, GRP78, caspase-12, caspase-9, and caspase-3 was confirmed in both cultured neurons and rat model. Conclusion These findings suggest that XNJ may alleviate apoptosis by modulating the ERS-induced apoptosis pathway, making it a potential novel therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanpeng Li
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Medicine Key Research Room of Brain Disorders Syndrome and Treatment of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoyao Yao
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Medicine Key Research Room of Brain Disorders Syndrome and Treatment of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Medicine Key Research Room of Brain Disorders Syndrome and Treatment of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Chinese Medicine Key Research Room of Brain Disorders Syndrome and Treatment of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Gao J, Pang X, Zhang L, Li S, Qin Z, Xie X, Liu J. Transcriptome analysis reveals the neuroprotective effect of Dlg4 against fastigial nucleus stimulation-induced ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:40. [PMID: 37525090 PMCID: PMC10391810 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00811-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FNS) can considerably decrease infarction volume and improve neurofunction restoration following cerebral ischemia. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of the neuroprotective effect of FNS is still vague. METHODS In this study, we developed a rat model of ischemia/reperfusion that included 1 h FNS followed by reperfusion for 3, 6, 12, 24, and 72 h. The expression profile of molecular alterations in brain tissues was obtained by transcriptome sequencing at five different time points. The function and pathway of miRNA expression pattern and core genes were annotated by Allen Brain Atlas, STRING database and Cytoscape software, so as to explore the mechanism of FNS-mediated neuroprotection. RESULTS The results indicated that FNS is associated with the neurotransmitter cycle pathway. FNS may regulate the release of monoamine neurotransmitters in synaptic vesicles by targeting the corresponding miRNAs through core Dlg4 gene, stimulate the Alternative polyadenylation (APA) incident's anti -apoptosis effect on the brain, and stimulate the interaction activation of neurons in cerebellum, cortex/thalamus and other brain regions, regulate neurovascular coupling, and reduce cerebral damage. CONCLUSION FNS may activate neuronal and neurovascular coupling by regulating the release of neurotransmitters in synaptic vesicles through the methylation of core Dlg4 gene and the corresponding transcription factors and protein kinases, inducing the anti-apoptotic mechanism of APA events. The findings from our investigation offer a new perspective on the way brain tissue responds to FNS-driven neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinggui Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaomin Pang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shenghua Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenxiu Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingli Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Guo A, Gao B, Zhang M, Shi X, Jin W, Tian D. Bioinformatic identification of hub genes Myd88 and Ccl3 and TWS-119 as a potential agent for the treatment of massive cerebral infarction. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1171112. [PMID: 37234258 PMCID: PMC10206038 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1171112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Massive cerebral infarction (MCI) causes severe neurological deficits, coma and can even result in death. Here, we identified hub genes and pathways after MCI by analyzing microarray data from a murine model of ischemic stroke and identified potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of MCI. Methods Microarray expression profiling was performed using the GSE28731 and GSE32529 datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Data from a sham group (n = 6 mice) and a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group (n = 7 mice) were extracted to identify common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). After identifying gene interactions, we generated a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network with Cytoscape software. Then, the MCODE plug-in in Cytoscape was used to determine key sub-modules according to MCODE scores. Enrichment analyses were then conducted on DEGs in the key sub-modules to evaluate their biological functions. Furthermore, hub genes were identified by generating the intersections of several algorithms in the cytohubba plug-in; these genes were then verified in other datasets. Finally, we used Connectivity MAP (CMap) to identify potential agents for MCI therapy. Results A total of 215 common DEGs were identified and a PPI network was generated with 154 nodes and 947 edges. The most significant key sub-module had 24 nodes and 221 edges. Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the DEGs in this sub-module showed enrichment in inflammatory response, extracellular space and cytokine activity in terms of biological process, cellular component and molecular function, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that TNF signaling was the most enriched pathway. Myd88 and Ccl3 were identified as hub genes and TWS-119 was identified as the most potential therapeutic agent by CMap. Conclusions Bioinformatic analysis identified two hub genes (Myd88 and Ccl3) for ischemic injury. Further analysis identified TWS-119 as the best potential candidate for MCI therapy and that this target may be associated with TLR/MyD88 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Guo
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weina Jin
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Decai Tian
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Benson JC, Trebak M. Too much of a good thing: The case of SOCE in cellular apoptosis. Cell Calcium 2023; 111:102716. [PMID: 36931194 PMCID: PMC10481469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) is an essential second messenger in eukaryotic cells regulating numerous cellular functions such as contraction, secretion, immunity, growth, and metabolism. Ca2+ signaling is also a key signal transducer in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. The store-operated Ca2+ entry pathway (SOCE) is ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells, and is the primary Ca2+ influx pathway in non-excitable cells. SOCE is mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensing STIM proteins, and the plasma membrane Ca2+-selective Orai channels. A growing number of studies have implicated SOCE in regulating cell death primarily via the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in a variety of tissues and in response to physiological stressors such as traumatic brain injury, ischemia reperfusion injury, sepsis, and alcohol toxicity. Notably, the literature points to excessive cytosolic Ca2+ influx through SOCE in vulnerable cells as a key factor tipping the balance towards cellular apoptosis. While the literature primarily addresses the functions of STIM1 and Orai1, STIM2, Orai2 and Orai3 are also emerging as potential regulators of cell death. Here, we review the functions of STIM and Orai proteins in regulating cell death and the implications of this regulation to human pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cory Benson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 1526, USA.
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Bouron A. Neuronal Store-Operated Calcium Channels. Mol Neurobiol 2023:10.1007/s12035-023-03352-5. [PMID: 37118324 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03352-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the major intracellular calcium (Ca2+) storage compartment in eukaryotic cells. In most instances, the mobilization of Ca2+ from this store is followed by a delayed and sustained uptake of Ca2+ through Ca2+-permeable channels of the cell surface named store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCCs). This gives rise to a store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) that has been thoroughly investigated in electrically non-excitable cells where it is the principal regulated Ca2+ entry pathway. The existence of this Ca2+ route in neurons has long been a matter of debate. However, a growing body of experimental evidence indicates that the recruitment of Ca2+ from neuronal ER Ca2+ stores generates a SOCE. The present review summarizes the main studies supporting the presence of a depletion-dependent Ca2+ entry in neurons. It also addresses the question of the molecular composition of neuronal SOCCs, their expression, pharmacological properties, as well as their physiological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bouron
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Inserm UA13 BGE, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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10
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Shao L, Chen B, Wu Q, Xu Y, Yi J, Guo Z, Liu B. N 6-methyladenosine-modified lncRNA and mRNA modification profiles in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Genet 2022; 13:973979. [PMID: 36479246 PMCID: PMC9720305 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.973979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is common in ischemic stroke and seriously affects the prognosis of patients. At present, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of lncRNAs and mRNAs has been reported in other diseases, such as cancer, but its role in CIRI has not been clarified. In this study, we aimed to investigate the m6A lncRNA and m6A mRNA modification profiles in CIRI. First, we detected the total level of m6A and the changes in related m6A methyltransferases and demethylases in the brain tissue of rats with CIRI and then identified differentially modified lncRNAs and mRNAs in CIRI by lncRNA and mRNA epigenetic transcriptomic microarray. In addition, bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the underlying functions and related pathways of related lncRNAs and mRNAs. We found that the total m6A methylation level was significantly increased, and the expression of fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) was downregulated after CIRI. In addition, a large number of m6A-modified lncRNAs and mRNAs appeared after CIRI, and these genes were mainly enriched for the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Our findings provide the basis and insights for further studies on m6A modification in CIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Shao
- The First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Research & Translation on Prevention & Treatment of Major Diseases in Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Bowei Chen
- The First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Research & Translation on Prevention & Treatment of Major Diseases in Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yaqian Xu
- The First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Research & Translation on Prevention & Treatment of Major Diseases in Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Yi
- The First Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Research & Translation on Prevention & Treatment of Major Diseases in Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihua Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Baiyan Liu
- Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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11
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Yan J, Yu W, Lu C, Wang G, Liu C, Jiang L, Jiang Z, Liang Z. Orai2 deficiency attenutates experimental colitis by facilitating the colonization of Akkermansia muciniphila. Genomics 2022; 114:110479. [PMID: 36070824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Orai2 is a component of store-operated Calcium channels (SOCCs) and exerts a pivotal role in immunity. In intestinal macrophages (Mφs), Orai2 deficiency influenced linoleic acid (LA)-arachidonic acid (ARA) derivatives by regulating Pla2g6 and Alox5. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that deleting Orai2 facilitated the prevalence of Akkermansia muciniphila, and untargeted metabolomics confirmed the suppressed level of leukotriene A. Moreover, Orai2 deficiency ameliorated the progression of experimental murine colitis, as shown by attenuated structural collapse of colon and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations, and rescued dysbiosis. The administration of a Pla2g6 inhibitor (Bromoenol lactone) not only inhibited the relative abundance of A. muciniphila in the feces of Orai2 knockout (Orai2-/-) mice, but also abolished the increased activity of Calcium-released activated Calcium channel (CRAC) in Orai2-/- intestinal Mφs, corroborating the involvement of Pla2g6 in Orai2 signaling. In conclusion, Orai2 deficiency increases Pla2g6 and hence facilitating A. muciniphila colonization, which might be a potential strategy to combat colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province 272067, China.
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province 272067, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province 272067, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province 272067, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province 272067, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province 272067, China
| | - Zizheng Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province 272067, China
| | - Zhenghao Liang
- Department of Physiology, Jining Medical University, Jining City, Shandong Province 272067, China
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12
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Sun H, Li X, Chen X, Xiong Y, Cao Y, Wang Z. Drp1 activates ROS/HIF-1α/EZH2 and triggers mitochondrial fragmentation to deteriorate hypercalcemia-associated neuronal injury in mouse model of chronic kidney disease. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:213. [PMID: 36050772 PMCID: PMC9438241 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized as renal dysfunction, is regarded as a major public health problem which carries a high risk of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the functional significance of Drp1 in hypercalcemia-associated neuronal damage following CKD and the associated mechanism. Methods Initially, the CKD mouse models were established. Next, RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were performed to measure expression of Fis1 and Drp1 in CKD. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and dual-luciferase reporter gene assay were utilized to explore the relationship among Drp1, HIF-1α, EZH2, and ROS with primary cortical neurons isolated from neonatal mice. Next, CKD mice were subjected to calcitonin treatment or manipulation with adenovirus expressing sh-Drp1, so as to explore the effects of Drp1 on hypercalcemia-induced neuronal injury in CKD. TUNEL assay and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect apoptosis and NeuN-positive cells (neurons) in prefrontal cortical tissues of CKD mice. Results It was found that hypercalcemia could induce neuronal injury in CKD mice. An increase of Fis1 and Drp1 expression in cerebral cortex of CKD mice correlated with mitochondrial fragmentation. Calcitonin suppressed Drp1/Fis1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation to attenuate hypercalcemia-induced neuronal injury after CKD. Additionally, Drp1 could increase EZH2 expression through the binding of HIF-1α to EZH2 promoter via elevating ROS generation. Furthermore, Drp1 knockdown inhibited hypercalcemia-induced neuronal injury in CKD while overexpression of EZH2 could reverse this effect in vivo. Conclusion Taken together, the key findings of the current study demonstrate the promotive role of Drp1 in mitochondrial fragmentation which contributes to hypercalcemia-induced neuronal injury in CKD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02542-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31 Longhua Road, Haikou, 570102, Hannan, China.,Department of Neurology and Neuroscience, Okayama University School of Medicine, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Xitong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yingquan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yaochen Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31 Longhua Road, Haikou, 570102, Hannan, China. .,Department of Nephrology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, No. 31 Longhua Road, Haikou, 570102, Hannan, China.
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13
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Blockade of Platelet Glycoprotein Ibα Augments Neuroprotection in Orai2-Deficient Mice during Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169496. [PMID: 36012752 PMCID: PMC9409377 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During ischemic stroke, infarct growth before recanalization diminishes functional outcome. Hence, adjunct treatment options to protect the ischemic penumbra before recanalization are eagerly awaited. In experimental stroke targeting two different pathways conferred protection from penumbral tissue loss: (1) enhancement of hypoxic tolerance of neurons by deletion of the calcium channel subunit Orai2 and (2) blocking of detrimental lymphocyte–platelet responses. However, until now, no preclinical stroke study has assessed the potential of combining neuroprotective with anti-thrombo-inflammatory interventions to augment therapeutic effects. We induced focal cerebral ischemia in Orai2-deficient (Orai2-/-) mice by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Animals were treated with anti-glycoprotein Ib alpha (GPIbα) Fab fragments (p0p/B Fab) blocking GPIbα–von Willebrand factor (vWF) interactions. Rat immunoglobulin G (IgG) Fab was used as the control treatment. The extent of infarct growth before recanalization was assessed at 4 h after MCAO. Moreover, infarct volumes were determined 6 h after recanalization (occlusion time: 4 h). Orai2 deficiency significantly halted cerebral infarct progression under occlusion. Inhibition of platelet GPIbα further reduced primary infarct growth in Orai2-/- mice. During ischemia–reperfusion, upon recanalization, mice were likewise protected. All in all, we show that neuroprotection in Orai2-/- mice can be augmented by targeting thrombo-inflammation. This supports the clinical development of combined neuroprotective/anti-platelet strategies in hyper-acute stroke.
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14
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Wang L, Noyer L, Wang YH, Tao AY, Li W, Zhu J, Saavedra P, Hoda ST, Yang J, Feske S. ORAI3 is dispensable for store-operated Ca2+ entry and immune responses by lymphocytes and macrophages. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213360. [PMID: 35861698 PMCID: PMC9532584 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ signals regulate the function of many immune cells and promote immune responses to infection, cancer, and autoantigens. Ca2+ influx in immune cells is mediated by store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) that results from the opening of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. The CRAC channel is formed by three plasma membrane proteins, ORAI1, ORAI2, and ORAI3. Of these, ORAI1 is the best studied and plays important roles in immune function. By contrast, the physiological role of ORAI3 in immune cells remains elusive. We show here that ORAI3 is expressed in many immune cells including macrophages, B cells, and T cells. To investigate ORAI3 function in immune cells, we generated Orai3-/- mice. The development of lymphoid and myeloid cells in the thymus and bone marrow was normal in Orai3-/- mice, as was the composition of immune cells in secondary lymphoid organs. Deletion of Orai3 did not affect SOCE in B cells and T cells but moderately enhanced SOCE in macrophages. Orai3-deficient macrophages, B cells, and T cells had normal effector functions in vitro. Immune responses in vivo, including humoral immunity (T cell dependent or independent) and antitumor immunity, were normal in Orai3-/- mice. Moreover, Orai3-/- mice showed no differences in susceptibility to septic shock, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, or collagen-induced arthritis. We conclude that despite its expression in myeloid and lymphoid cells, ORAI3 appears to be dispensable or redundant for physiological and pathological immune responses mediated by these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lucile Noyer
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yin-Hu Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Anthony Y. Tao
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Wenyi Li
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jingjie Zhu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Pedro Saavedra
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Syed T. Hoda
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY,Correspondence to Stefan Feske:
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15
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Birla H, Xia J, Gao X, Zhao H, Wang F, Patel S, Amponsah A, Bekker A, Tao YX, Hu H. Toll-like receptor 4 activation enhances Orai1-mediated calcium signal promoting cytokine production in spinal astrocytes. Cell Calcium 2022; 105:102619. [PMID: 35780680 PMCID: PMC9928533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been implicated in pathological conditions including chronic pain. Activation of astrocytic TLRs leads to the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-ɑ (TNF-α), which can cause pathological inflammation and tissue damage in the central nervous system. However, the mechanisms of TLR4-mediated cytokine releases from astrocytes are incomplete understood. Our previous study has shown that Orai1, a key component of calcium release activated calcium channels (CRACs), mediates Ca2+ entry in astrocytes. How Orai1 contributes to TLR4 signaling remains unclear. Here we show that Orai1 deficiency drastically attenuated lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced TNF-α and IL-6 production in astrocytes. Acute LPS treatment did not induce Ca2+ response and had no effect on thapsigargin (Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor)-induced store-dependent Ca2+ entry. Inhibition or knockdown of Orai1 showed no reduction in LPS-induced p-ERK1/2, p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase, or p-p38 MAPK activation. Interestingly, Orai1 protein level was significantly increased after LPS exposure, which was blocked by inhibition of NF-κB activity. LPS significantly increased basal Ca2+ level and SOCE after exposure to astrocytes. Moreover, elevating extracellular Ca2+ concentration increased cytosolic Ca2+ level, which was almost eliminated in Orai1 KO astrocytes. Our study reports novel findings that Orai1 acts as a Ca2+ leak channel regulating the basal Ca2+ level and enhancing cytokine production in astrocytes under the inflammatory condition. These findings highlight an important role of Orai1 in astrocytic TRL4 function and may suggest that Orai1 could be a potential therapeutic target for neuroinflammatory disorders including chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hareram Birla
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Jingsheng Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Fengying Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Shivam Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Akwasi Amponsah
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Alex Bekker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103,Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
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16
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ORAI1-Regulated Gene Expression in Breast Cancer Cells: Roles for STIM1 Binding, Calcium Influx and Transcription Factor Translocation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115867. [PMID: 35682546 PMCID: PMC9180186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A remodeling of calcium homeostasis, including calcium influx via store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), is a feature of breast cancers. SOCE is critical to maintain calcium balance in the endoplasmic reticulum calcium store and is an important mechanism for calcium signaling in a variety of cell types, including breast cancer cells. The canonical mechanism of SOCE is stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1)-mediated activation of ORAI. Elevated ORAI1 expression is a feature of basal breast cancer cells. However, the role of ORAI1 in the regulation of transcription in breast cancer cells of the basal molecular subtype is still unclear. Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, ORAI1 protein expression was disrupted in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 basal breast cancer cells. The ORAI1 wild-type and mutants were reintroduced into ORAI1 knockout cells to study the role of ORAI1 in gene transcriptional regulation. In the absence of calcium store depletion, ORAI1 regulated PTGS2 in MDA-MB-231 cells, and this was dependent on ORAI1 pore function and STIM1 binding. The activation of SOCE by thapsigargin resulted in ORAI1-dependent increases in IL6 transcription in MDA-MB-468 cells; this was also dependent on ORAI1 pore function and STIM1 binding and was associated with the translocation of NFAT1. Given the upregulation of ORAI1 in basal breast cancer cells, our results provide further evidence that ORAI1 may contribute to cancer progression through regulation of gene expression.
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17
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Nakajima H, Fujita S, Kakae M, Nagayasu K, Oh-Hora M, Shirakawa H, Kaneko S. Orai2 channel regulates prostaglandin E 2 production in TNFα/IL1α-stimulated astrocytes. Glia 2022; 70:1666-1680. [PMID: 35506586 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are glial cells that serve homeostatic functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Recent research, however, suggests that under pathological conditions, astrocytes are stimulated by various factors and actively participate in CNS inflammation. In the present study, we found that astrocytes upregulate various inflammatory factors including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) by co-stimulation with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-1alpha (IL1α). These TNFα/IL1α-stimulated astrocytes also showed increased Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and increased expression of Orai2, a member of the store-operated calcium channel (SOCC) family. To reveal the role of Orai2, we used astrocytes in which Orai2 was knocked-down (KD) or knocked-out (KO). The expression of the prostaglandin E synthase Ptges and the production of PGE2 were higher in Orai2-KD astrocytes than in WT astrocytes when stimulated with TNFα and IL1α. Orai2-KO astrocytes also showed increased expression of Ptges and increased PGE2 production. The expression of Ptgs2, another PGE2 synthetic enzyme, was also upregulated in Orai2-KO astrocytes. Moreover, Orai2-KO astrocytes showed increased store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and increased Orai1 expression. These results suggest that Orai2 is upregulated in TNFα/IL1α-stimulated astrocytes and reduces PGE2 production to some extent, modulating CNS inflammation. Our findings may aid in understanding how astrocytes are associated with inflammatory responses, and the identification of new targets that modulate astrocytic reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nakajima
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sayaka Fujita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masashi Kakae
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nagayasu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Oh-Hora
- Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Molecular Immunology, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hisashi Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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18
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Collins HE, Zhang D, Chatham JC. STIM and Orai Mediated Regulation of Calcium Signaling in Age-Related Diseases. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:876785. [PMID: 35821821 PMCID: PMC9261457 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.876785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tight spatiotemporal regulation of intracellular Ca2+ plays a critical role in regulating diverse cellular functions including cell survival, metabolism, and transcription. As a result, eukaryotic cells have developed a wide variety of mechanisms for controlling Ca2+ influx and efflux across the plasma membrane as well as Ca2+ release and uptake from intracellular stores. The STIM and Orai protein families comprising of STIM1, STIM2, Orai1, Orai2, and Orai3, are evolutionarily highly conserved proteins that are core components of all mammalian Ca2+ signaling systems. STIM1 and Orai1 are considered key players in the regulation of Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE), where release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores such as the Endoplasmic/Sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) triggers Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane. SOCE, which has been widely characterized in non-excitable cells, plays a central role in Ca2+-dependent transcriptional regulation. In addition to their role in Ca2+ signaling, STIM1 and Orai1 have been shown to contribute to the regulation of metabolism and mitochondrial function. STIM and Orai proteins are also subject to redox modifications, which influence their activities. Considering their ubiquitous expression, there has been increasing interest in the roles of STIM and Orai proteins in excitable cells such as neurons and myocytes. While controversy remains as to the importance of SOCE in excitable cells, STIM1 and Orai1 are essential for cellular homeostasis and their disruption is linked to various diseases associated with aging such as cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. The recent identification of splice variants for most STIM and Orai isoforms while complicating our understanding of their function, may also provide insight into some of the current contradictions on their roles. Therefore, the goal of this review is to describe our current understanding of the molecular regulation of STIM and Orai proteins and their roles in normal physiology and diseases of aging, with a particular focus on heart disease and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen E. Collins
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Dingguo Zhang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - John C. Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States,*Correspondence: John C. Chatham,
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19
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Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling pathway that is evolutionarily conserved across eukaryotes. SOCE is triggered physiologically when the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores are emptied through activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. SOCE is mediated by the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels, which are highly Ca2+ selective. Upon store depletion, the ER Ca2+-sensing STIM proteins aggregate and gain extended conformations spanning the ER-plasma membrane junctional space to bind and activate Orai, the pore-forming proteins of hexameric CRAC channels. In recent years, studies on STIM and Orai tissue-specific knockout mice and gain- and loss-of-function mutations in humans have shed light on the physiological functions of SOCE in various tissues. Here, we describe recent findings on the composition of native CRAC channels and their physiological functions in immune, muscle, secretory, and neuronal systems to draw lessons from transgenic mice and human diseases caused by altered CRAC channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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CRACking the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of SOCE during Platelet Activation in Thrombo-Occlusive Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040619. [PMID: 35203269 PMCID: PMC8870035 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombo-occlusive diseases such as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and deep vein thrombosis with subsequent pulmonary embolism still represent a major health burden worldwide. Besides the cells of the vasculature or other hematopoietic cells, platelets are primarily responsible for the development and progression of an occluding thrombus. The activation and function of platelets crucially depend on free cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) as second messenger, which modulates platelet secretion, aggregation and thrombus formation. Ca2+ is elevated upon platelet activation by release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores thus triggering of the subsequent store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), which is facilitated by Ca2+ release-activated channels (CRACs). In general, CRACs are assembled by the pore-forming unit Orai in the plasma membrane and the Ca2+-sensing stromal interaction molecule (STIM) in the endoplasmic reticulum after the depletion of internal Ca2+ stores. In the last few years, there is a growing body of the literature demonstrating the importance of STIM and Orai-mediated mechanism in thrombo-occlusive disorders. Thus, this review provides an overview of the recent understanding of STIM and Orai signaling in platelet function and its implication in the development and progression of ischemic thrombo-occlusive disorders. Moreover, potential pharmacological implications of STIM and Orai signaling in platelets are anticipated and discussed in the end.
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21
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Role of Calcium Signaling Pathway-Related Gene Regulatory Networks in Ischemic Stroke Based on Multiple WGCNA and Single-Cell Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2021:8060477. [PMID: 34987704 PMCID: PMC8720592 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8060477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background This study is aimed at investigating the changes in relevant pathways and the differential expression of related gene expression after ischemic stroke (IS) at the single-cell level using multiple weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and single-cell analysis. Methods The transcriptome expression datasets of IS samples and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) profiles of cerebrovascular tissues were obtained by searching the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. First, gene pathway scoring was calculated via gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and was imported into multiple WGCNA to acquire key pathways and pathway-related hub genes. Furthermore, SCENIC was used to identify transcription factors (TFs) regulating these core genes using scRNA-seq data. Finally, the pseudotemporal trajectory analysis was used to analyse the role of these TFs on various cell types under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Results The scores of 186 KEGG pathways were obtained via GSVA using microarray expression profiles of 40 specimens. WGCNA of the KEGG pathways revealed the two following pathways: calcium signaling pathway and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathways. Subsequently, WGCNA of the gene expression matrix of the samples revealed the calcium signaling pathway-related genes (AC079305.10, BCL10, BCL2A1, BRE-AS1, DYNLL2, EREG, and PTGS2) that were identified as core genes via correlation analysis. Furthermore, SCENIC and pseudotemporal analysis revealed JUN, IRF9, ETV5, and PPARA score gene-related TFs. Jun was found to be associated with hypoxia in endothelial cells, whereas Irf9 and Etv5 were identified as astrocyte-specific TFs associated with oxygen concentration in the mouse cerebral cortex. Conclusions Calcium signaling pathway-related genes (AC079305.10, BCL10, BCL2A1, BRE-AS1, DYNLL2, EREG, and PTGS2) and TFs (JUN, IRF9, ETV5, and PPARA) were identified to play a key role in IS. This study provides a new perspective and basis for investigating the pathogenesis of IS and developing new therapeutic approaches.
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22
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STIM1, STIM2, and PDI Participate in Cellular Fate Decisions in Low Energy Availability Induced by 3-NP in Male Rats. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:1459-1469. [PMID: 34173958 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-021-00388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Impairment in the energetic function of mitochondria is seen in many neurologic disorders like neurodegeneration. It disrupts ATP production, gives rise to oxidative stress, and ultimately challenges the viability of neurons. In this situation, neural cells use complex crosstalk between various subcellular elements to make live-or-die decisions about their fate. This study aimed to describe a part of the molecular changes and the outcome of the cellular decision during an energy crisis in neural cells in a time-dependent manner in the striatum. Adult male rats were treated with single or multiple 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) doses, a mitochondrial toxin, for 1 to 5 days. We found that protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) activity was decreased on the third day and remained lower than the control group up to the fifth day. However, on the day 1 and day 2 of 3-NP treatment, the stromal interaction molecule (STIM) 1 and STIM2 significantly decreased. On the third day, STIM1 and STIM2 were increased and reached the level of controls and remained the same up to the fifth day. In this condition, cell death was significantly higher than the controls from the third day up to the fifth day. We also showed that even a single dose of 3-NP reduced the brain volume. These data suggest that the STIM1, STIM2, and PDI activity changes may be involved in the outcome of cellular fate decisions. It also suggests that cells may reduce STIM1 and STIM2 as a defense mechanism against low energy availability.
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Ramesh G, Jarzembowski L, Schwarz Y, Poth V, Konrad M, Knapp ML, Schwär G, Lauer AA, Grimm MOW, Alansary D, Bruns D, Niemeyer BA. A short isoform of STIM1 confers frequency-dependent synaptic enhancement. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108844. [PMID: 33730587 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+-entry (SOCE) regulates basal and receptor-triggered Ca2+ signaling with STIM proteins sensing the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ content and triggering Ca2+ entry by gating Orai channels. Although crucial for immune cells, STIM1's role in neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis is controversial. Here, we characterize a splice variant, STIM1B, which shows exclusive neuronal expression and protein content surpassing conventional STIM1 in cerebellum and of significant abundance in other brain regions. STIM1B expression results in a truncated protein with slower kinetics of ER-plasma membrane (PM) cluster formation and ICRAC, as well as reduced inactivation. In primary wild-type neurons, STIM1B is targeted by its spliced-in domain B to presynaptic sites where it converts classic synaptic depression into Ca2+- and Orai-dependent short-term synaptic enhancement (STE) at high-frequency stimulation (HFS). In conjunction with altered STIM1 splicing in human Alzheimer disease, our findings highlight STIM1 splicing as an important regulator of neuronal calcium homeostasis and of synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish Ramesh
- Molecular Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Yvonne Schwarz
- Molecular Neurophysiology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Vanessa Poth
- Molecular Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Maik Konrad
- Molecular Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Mona L Knapp
- Molecular Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Gertrud Schwär
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine (CIPMM), Bld. 48, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Anna A Lauer
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcus O W Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Dalia Alansary
- Molecular Biophysics, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Bruns
- Molecular Neurophysiology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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Prakriya M. Orai1 is in neurons: Reply to "where have all the Orais gone?". Cell Calcium 2021; 96:102389. [PMID: 33744779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murali Prakriya
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, United States.
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Xu MS, Yin LM, Cheng AF, Zhang YJ, Zhang D, Tao MM, Deng YY, Ge LB, Shan CL. Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Is Associated With Upregulation of Cofilin-1 in the Motor Cortex. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:634347. [PMID: 33777942 PMCID: PMC7991082 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.634347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is one of the leading causes of death. Reperfusion is a critical stage after thrombolysis or thrombectomy, accompanied by oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and defects in synapse structure. The process is closely related to the dephosphorylation of actin-binding proteins (e.g., cofilin-1) by specific phosphatases. Although studies of the molecular mechanisms of the actin cytoskeleton have been ongoing for decades, limited studies have directly investigated reperfusion-induced reorganization of actin-binding protein, and little is known about the gene expression of actin-binding proteins. The exact mechanism is still uncertain. The motor cortex is very important to save nerve function; therefore, we chose the penumbra to study the relationship between cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and actin-binding protein. After transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion, we confirmed reperfusion and motor function deficit by cerebral blood flow and gait analysis. PCR was used to screen the high expression mRNAs in penumbra of the motor cortex. The high expression of cofilin in this region was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB). The change in cofilin-1 expression appears at the same time as gait imbalance, especially maximum variation and left front swing. It is suggested that cofilin-1 may partially affect motor cortex function. This result provides a potential mechanism for understanding cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shu Xu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei-Miao Yin
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Fang Cheng
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Jie Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao-Miao Tao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Yi Deng
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Bao Ge
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Lei Shan
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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Zhang I, Hu H. Store-Operated Calcium Channels in Physiological and Pathological States of the Nervous System. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:600758. [PMID: 33328896 PMCID: PMC7732603 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.600758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated calcium channels (SOCs) are widely expressed in excitatory and non-excitatory cells where they mediate significant store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), an important pathway for calcium signaling throughout the body. While the activity of SOCs has been well studied in non-excitable cells, attention has turned to their role in neurons and glia in recent years. In particular, the role of SOCs in the nervous system has been extensively investigated, with links to their dysregulation found in a wide variety of neurological diseases from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) to pain. In this review, we provide an overview of their molecular components, expression, and physiological role in the nervous system and describe how the dysregulation of those roles could potentially lead to various neurological disorders. Although further studies are still needed to understand how SOCs are activated under physiological conditions and how they are linked to pathological states, growing evidence indicates that SOCs are important players in neurological disorders and could be potential new targets for therapies. While the role of SOCE in the nervous system continues to be multifaceted and controversial, the study of SOCs provides a potentially fruitful avenue into better understanding the nervous system and its pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, United States
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27
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Liu L, Kearns KN, Eli I, Sharifi KA, Soldozy S, Carlson EW, Scott KW, Sluzewski MF, Acton ST, Stauderman KA, Kalani MYS, Park M, Tvrdik P. Microglial Calcium Waves During the Hyperacute Phase of Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2020; 52:274-283. [PMID: 33161850 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ischemic injury triggers multiple pathological responses in the brain tissue, including spreading depolarizations across the cerebral cortex (cortical spreading depolarizations [CSD]). Microglia have been recently shown to play a significant role in the propagation of CSD. However, the intracellular responses of myeloid cells during ischemic stroke have not been investigated. METHODS We have studied intracellular calcium activity in cortical microglia in the stroke model of the middle cerebral artery occlusion, using the murine Polr2a-based and Cre-dependent GCaMP5 and tdTomato reporter (PC::G5-tdT). High-speed 2-photon microscopy through cranial windows was employed to record signals from genetically encoded indicators of calcium. Inflammatory stimuli and pharmacological inhibition were used to modulate microglial calcium responses in the somatosensory cortex. RESULTS In vivo imaging revealed periodical calcium activity in microglia during the hyperacute phase of ischemic stroke. This activity was more frequent during the first 6 hours after occlusion, but the amplitudes of calcium transients became larger at later time points. Consistent with CSD nature of these events, we reproducibly triggered comparable calcium transients with microinjections of potassium chloride (KCl) into adjacent cortical areas. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide-induced peripheral inflammation, mimicking sterile inflammation during ischemic stroke, produced significantly greater microglial calcium transients during CSD. Finally, in vivo pharmacological analysis with CRAC (calcium release-activated channel) inhibitor CM-EX-137 demonstrated that CSD-associated microglial calcium transients after KCl microinjections are mediated at least in part by the CRAC mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that microglia participate in ischemic brain injury via previously undetected mechanisms, which may provide new avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Neurological Surgery (L.L., K.N.K., K.A. Sharifi, S.S., K.W.S., M.Y.S.K., M.P., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - Kathryn N Kearns
- Department of Neurological Surgery (L.L., K.N.K., K.A. Sharifi, S.S., K.W.S., M.Y.S.K., M.P., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - Ilyas Eli
- Department of Neurosurgery (I.E., E.W.C.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Khadijeh A Sharifi
- Department of Neurological Surgery (L.L., K.N.K., K.A. Sharifi, S.S., K.W.S., M.Y.S.K., M.P., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
- Department of Neuroscience (K.A. Sharifi, M.Y.S.K., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - Sauson Soldozy
- Department of Neurological Surgery (L.L., K.N.K., K.A. Sharifi, S.S., K.W.S., M.Y.S.K., M.P., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - Elizabeth W Carlson
- Department of Neurosurgery (I.E., E.W.C.), University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City
| | - Kyle W Scott
- Department of Neurological Surgery (L.L., K.N.K., K.A. Sharifi, S.S., K.W.S., M.Y.S.K., M.P., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - M Filip Sluzewski
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (M.F.S., S.T.A.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - Scott T Acton
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (M.F.S., S.T.A.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | | | - M Yashar S Kalani
- Department of Neurological Surgery (L.L., K.N.K., K.A. Sharifi, S.S., K.W.S., M.Y.S.K., M.P., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
- Department of Neuroscience (K.A. Sharifi, M.Y.S.K., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - Min Park
- Department of Neurological Surgery (L.L., K.N.K., K.A. Sharifi, S.S., K.W.S., M.Y.S.K., M.P., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
| | - Petr Tvrdik
- Department of Neurological Surgery (L.L., K.N.K., K.A. Sharifi, S.S., K.W.S., M.Y.S.K., M.P., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
- Department of Neuroscience (K.A. Sharifi, M.Y.S.K., P.T.), University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville
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Zhang X, Xin P, Yoast RE, Emrich SM, Johnson MT, Pathak T, Benson JC, Azimi I, Gill DL, Monteith GR, Trebak M. Distinct pharmacological profiles of ORAI1, ORAI2, and ORAI3 channels. Cell Calcium 2020; 91:102281. [PMID: 32896813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel is crucial to many physiological functions. Both gain and loss of CRAC function is linked to disease. While ORAI1 is a crucial subunit of CRAC channels, recent evidence suggests that ORAI2 and ORAI3 heteromerize with ORAI1 to form native CRAC channels. Furthermore, ORAI2 and ORAI3 can form CRAC channels independently of ORAI1, suggesting diverse native CRAC stoichiometries. Yet, most available CRAC modifiers are presumed to target ORAI1 with little knowledge of their effects on ORAI2/3 or heteromers of ORAIs. Here, we used ORAI1/2/3 triple-null cells to express individual ORAI1, ORAI2, ORAI3 or ORAI1/2/3 concatemers. We reveal that GSK-7975A and BTP2 essentially abrogate ORAI1 and ORAI2 activity while causing only a partial inhibition of ORAI3. Interestingly, Synta66 abrogated ORAI1 channel function, while potentiating ORAI2 with no effect on ORAI3. CRAC channel activities mediated by concatenated ORAI1-1, ORAI1-2 and ORAI1-3 dimers were inhibited by Synta66, while ORAI2-3 dimers were unaffected. The CRAC enhancer IA65 significantly potentiated ORAI1 and ORAI1-1 activity with marginal effects on other ORAIs. Further, we characterized the profiles of individual ORAI isoforms in the presence of Gd3+ (5μM), 2-APB (5 μM and 50 μM), as well as changes in intracellular and extracellular pH. Our data reveal unique pharmacological features of ORAI isoforms expressed in an ORAI-null background and provide new insights into ORAI isoform selectivity of widely used CRAC pharmacological compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA.
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Martin T Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Trayambak Pathak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - J Cory Benson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Iman Azimi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Donald L Gill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA
| | - Gregory R Monteith
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA; Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr. Hershey, PA, 17033 USA.
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30
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Scremin E, Agostini M, Leparulo A, Pozzan T, Greotti E, Fasolato C. ORAI2 Down-Regulation Potentiates SOCE and Decreases Aβ42 Accumulation in Human Neuroglioma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155288. [PMID: 32722509 PMCID: PMC7432374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Senile plaques, the hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), are generated by the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ), the proteolytic product of amyloid precursor protein (APP), by β and γ-secretase. A large body of evidence points towards a role for Ca2+ imbalances in the pathophysiology of both sporadic and familial forms of AD (FAD). A reduction in store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is shared by numerous FAD-linked mutations, and SOCE is involved in Aβ accumulation in different model cells. In neurons, both the role and components of SOCE remain quite obscure, whereas in astrocytes, SOCE controls their Ca2+-based excitability and communication to neurons. Glial cells are also directly involved in Aβ production and clearance. Here, we focus on the role of ORAI2, a key SOCE component, in modulating SOCE in the human neuroglioma cell line H4. We show that ORAI2 overexpression reduces both SOCE level and stores Ca2+ content, while ORAI2 downregulation significantly increases SOCE amplitude without affecting store Ca2+ handling. In Aβ-secreting H4-APPswe cells, SOCE inhibition by BTP2 and SOCE augmentation by ORAI2 downregulation respectively increases and decreases Aβ42 accumulation. Based on these findings, we suggest ORAI2 downregulation as a potential tool to rescue defective SOCE in AD, while preventing plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Scremin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.S.); (M.A.); (A.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Mario Agostini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.S.); (M.A.); (A.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Alessandro Leparulo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.S.); (M.A.); (A.L.); (T.P.)
| | - Tullio Pozzan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.S.); (M.A.); (A.L.); (T.P.)
- Neuroscience Institute—Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Via G. Orus 2B, 35129 Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Greotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.S.); (M.A.); (A.L.); (T.P.)
- Neuroscience Institute—Italian National Research Council (CNR), Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.G.); (C.F.)
| | - Cristina Fasolato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35131 Padua, Italy; (E.S.); (M.A.); (A.L.); (T.P.)
- Correspondence: (E.G.); (C.F.)
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A Review of Exercise-Induced Neuroplasticity in Ischemic Stroke: Pathology and Mechanisms. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:4218-4231. [PMID: 32691303 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
After ischemic stroke, survivors experience motor dysfunction and deterioration of memory and cognition. These symptoms are associated with the disruption of normal neuronal function, i.e., the secretion of neurotrophic factors, interhemispheric connections, and synaptic activity, and hence the disruption of the normal neural circuit. Exercise is considered an effective and feasible rehabilitation strategy for improving cognitive and motor recovery following ischemic stroke through the facilitation of neuroplasticity. In this review, our aim was to discuss the mechanisms by which exercise-induced neuroplasticity improves motor function and cognitive ability after ischemic stroke. The associated mechanisms include increases in neurotrophins, improvements in synaptic structure and function, the enhancement of interhemispheric connections, the promotion of neural regeneration, the acceleration of neural function reorganization, and the facilitation of compensation beyond the infarcted tissue. We also discuss some common exercise strategies and a novel exercise therapy, robot-assisted movement, which might be widely applied in the clinic to help stroke patients in the future.
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32
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Yoast RE, Emrich SM, Zhang X, Xin P, Johnson MT, Fike AJ, Walter V, Hempel N, Yule DI, Sneyd J, Gill DL, Trebak M. The native ORAI channel trio underlies the diversity of Ca 2+ signaling events. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2444. [PMID: 32415068 PMCID: PMC7229178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential role of ORAI1 channels in receptor-evoked Ca2+ signaling is well understood, yet little is known about the physiological activation of the ORAI channel trio natively expressed in all cells. The roles of ORAI2 and ORAI3 have remained obscure. We show that ORAI2 and ORAI3 channels play a critical role in mediating the regenerative Ca2+ oscillations induced by physiological receptor activation, yet ORAI1 is dispensable in generation of oscillations. We reveal that ORAI2 and ORAI3 channels multimerize with ORAI1 to expand the range of sensitivity of receptor-activated Ca2+ signals, reflecting their enhanced basal STIM1-binding and heightened Ca2+-dependent inactivation. This broadened bandwidth of Ca2+ influx is translated by cells into differential activation of NFAT1 and NFAT4 isoforms. Our results uncover a long-sought role for ORAI2 and ORAI3, revealing an intricate control mechanism whereby heteromerization of ORAI channels mediates graded Ca2+ signals that extend the agonist-sensitivity to fine-tune transcriptional control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Scott M Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Ping Xin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Martin T Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Adam J Fike
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Vonn Walter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute and The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Penn State Cancer Institute and The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - David I Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 711, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - James Sneyd
- Department of Mathematics, The University of Auckland, 38 Princes Street, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Donald L Gill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
- Penn State Cancer Institute and The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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