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Wilgus ML, Merchant M. Clearing the Air: Understanding the Impact of Wildfire Smoke on Asthma and COPD. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:307. [PMID: 38338192 PMCID: PMC10855577 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12030307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Wildfires are a global natural phenomenon. In North America, wildfires have not only become more frequent, but also more severe and longer in duration, a trend ascribed to climate change combined with large fuel stores left from modern fire suppression. The intensification of wildfire activity has significant implications for planetary health and public health, as exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in wildfire smoke is linked to adverse health effects. This review focuses on respiratory morbidity from wildfire smoke exposure. Inhalation of wildfire PM2.5 causes lung injury via oxidative stress, local and systemic inflammation, airway epithelium compromise, and increased vulnerability to infection. Wildfire PM2.5 exposure results in exacerbations of pre-existing asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with an escalation in healthcare utilization, including emergency department visits and hospitalizations. Wildfire smoke exposure may be associated with asthma onset, long-term impairment of lung function, and increased all-cause mortality. Children, older adults, occupationally-exposed groups, and possibly women are the most at risk from wildfire smoke. Future research is needed to clarify best practices for risk mitigation and wildfire management.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Lin Wilgus
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1405, USA;
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Shakeel I, Ashraf A, Afzal M, Sohal SS, Islam A, Kazim SN, Hassan MI. The Molecular Blueprint for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A New Paradigm for Diagnosis and Therapeutics. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:2297559. [PMID: 38155869 PMCID: PMC10754640 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2297559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The global prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has increased over the last decade and has emerged as the third leading cause of death worldwide. It is characterized by emphysema with prolonged airflow limitation. COPD patients are more susceptible to COVID-19 and increase the disease severity about four times. The most used drugs to treat it show numerous side effects, including immune suppression and infection. This review discusses a narrative opinion and critical review of COPD. We present different aspects of the disease, from cellular and inflammatory responses to cigarette smoking in COPD and signaling pathways. In addition, we highlighted various risk factors for developing COPD apart from smoking, like occupational exposure, pollutants, genetic factors, gender, etc. After the recent elucidation of the underlying inflammatory signaling pathways in COPD, new molecular targeted drug candidates for COPD are signal-transmitting substances. We further summarize recent developments in biomarker discovery for COPD and its implications for disease diagnosis. In addition, we discuss novel drug targets for COPD that could be explored for drug development and subsequent clinical management of cardiovascular disease and COVID-19, commonly associated with COPD. Our extensive analysis of COPD cause, etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic will provide a better understanding of the disease and the development of effective therapeutic options. In-depth knowledge of the underlying mechanism will offer deeper insights into identifying novel molecular targets for developing potent therapeutics and biomarkers of disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilma Shakeel
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Anam Ashraf
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mohammad Afzal
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania 7248, Australia
| | - Asimul Islam
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Syed Naqui Kazim
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md. Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
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Allegra A, Caserta S, Genovese S, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Gender Differences in Oxidative Stress in Relation to Cancer Susceptibility and Survival. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1255. [PMID: 37371985 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic, developmental, biochemical, and environmental variables interact intricately to produce sex differences. The significance of sex differences in cancer susceptibility is being clarified by numerous studies. Epidemiological research and cancer registries have revealed over the past few years that there are definite sex variations in cancer incidence, progression, and survival. However, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction also have a significant impact on the response to treatment of neoplastic diseases. Young women may be more protected from cancer than men because most of the proteins implicated in the regulation of redox state and mitochondrial function are under the control of sexual hormones. In this review, we describe how sexual hormones control the activity of antioxidant enzymes and mitochondria, as well as how they affect several neoplastic diseases. The molecular pathways that underlie the gender-related discrepancies in cancer that have been identified may be better understood, which may lead to more effective precision medicine and vital information on treatment options for both males and females with neoplastic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Santino Caserta
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Sara Genovese
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
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Rezaei F, Mazidimoradi A, Rayatinejad A, Allahqoli L, Salehiniya H. Temporal trends of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer between 2010 and 2019, in Asian countries by geographical region and sociodemographic index, comparison with global data. Thorac Cancer 2023. [PMID: 37127553 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to describe the trends in incidence, mortality, and burden of tracheal, bronchial and lung (TBL) cancer in Asia from 2010 through 2019 and compare with global and other continental data. METHODS We collected TBL cancer data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 2010 to 2019 in 49 countries and territories in Asia. For all locations, annual case data and age-standardized rates (ASRs) were used to investigate the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of TBL from 2010 to 2019. The relative difference (%) between years was used to show comparative variations of ASRs for the indicators studied. RESULTS In 2019, more than 55% of TBL cancer cases and deaths occurred in Asian countries. A total of 57% of lung cancer patients lived in Asia and almost 60% of the global burden of lung cancer was imposed on Asian countries. From 2010 to 2019, incidences, deaths, prevalence cases, and DALYs number of TBL cancer increased over 1.34-, 1.31-, 1.31-, and 1.26-fold, in Asia. During this period, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), the age-standardized death rate (ASDR), the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR), and the age-standardized DALYs rate (DALYs ASR) of TBL cancer decreased by 1, 3, 4, and 4%, respectively. While at the same time, the decreasing trend of these rates globally and in America and in Europe happened faster. In 2019, age-specific incidence, death, prevalence, and DALY cases of TBL cancer were peaking at 65-74, 70-74, 65-69, and 65-69 years, respectively. In 2019, the highest ASIR, ASDR, and DALYs ASR of TBL cancer was observed in East Asia countries and the highest ASPR in high-income Asia Pacific countries. Central Asia and high-income Asia Pacific countries experienced a decreasing trend in ASIR and ASDR, and the South Asia countries experienced the highest increasing trend from 2010 to 2019. ASPR only decreased in Central Asia, and DALYs ASR only increased in South Asia. In 2019, among high sociodemographic index (SDI) Asian countries, Brunei Darussalam had the highest ASIR, ASDR, and DALYs ASR and the Republic of Korea had the highest ASPR. Among high-middle SDIs, Turkey and Georgia; among middle SDIs, China and Armenia; among low-middle SDIs, Mongolia and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea had the highest ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and DALY ASR of TBL cancer. Among low SDI Asian countries, Pakistan had the highest ASIR, ASDR, ASPR, and DALY ASR of TBL cancer. CONCLUSION Most of the global burden of lung cancer occurs in Asian countries, and the decreasing trend of incidence, death, prevalence, and burden of this cancer in these countries is slower than in other regions. Therefore, the implementation of necessary measures in order to reduce the process of this cancer is considered urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rezaei
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - Ali Rayatinejad
- Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Leila Allahqoli
- Midwifery Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Forder A, Zhuang R, Souza VGP, Brockley LJ, Pewarchuk ME, Telkar N, Stewart GL, Benard K, Marshall EA, Reis PP, Lam WL. Mechanisms Contributing to the Comorbidity of COPD and Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032859. [PMID: 36769181 PMCID: PMC9918127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often co-occur, and individuals with COPD are at a higher risk of developing lung cancer. While the underlying mechanism for this risk is not well understood, its major contributing factors have been proposed to include genomic, immune, and microenvironment dysregulation. Here, we review the evidence and significant studies that explore the mechanisms underlying the heightened lung cancer risk in people with COPD. Genetic and epigenetic changes, as well as the aberrant expression of non-coding RNAs, predispose the lung epithelium to carcinogenesis by altering the expression of cancer- and immune-related genes. Oxidative stress generated by tobacco smoking plays a role in reducing genomic integrity, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal-transition, and generating a chronic inflammatory environment. This leads to abnormal immune responses that promote cancer development, though not all smokers develop lung cancer. Sex differences in the metabolism of tobacco smoke predispose females to developing COPD and accumulating damage from oxidative stress that poses a risk for the development of lung cancer. Dysregulation of the lung microenvironment and microbiome contributes to chronic inflammation, which is observed in COPD and known to facilitate cancer initiation in various tumor types. Further, there is a need to better characterize and identify the proportion of individuals with COPD who are at a high risk for developing lung cancer. We evaluate possible novel and individualized screening strategies, including biomarkers identified in genetic studies and exhaled breath condensate analysis. We also discuss the use of corticosteroids and statins as chemopreventive agents to prevent lung cancer. It is crucial that we optimize the current methods for the early detection and management of lung cancer and COPD in order to improve the health outcomes for a large affected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Forder
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Rebecca Zhuang
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Vanessa G P Souza
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Liam J Brockley
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Michelle E Pewarchuk
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Nikita Telkar
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Greg L Stewart
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katya Benard
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Erin A Marshall
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Patricia P Reis
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Wan L Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Aruchamy B, Drago C, Russo V, Pitari GM, Ramani P, Aneesh TP, Benny S, Vishnu VR. Imidazole-pyridine hybrids as potent anti-cancer agents. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 180:106323. [PMID: 36336277 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the current investigation, fifteen novel imidazole-pyridine-based molecules were synthesized and tested against cell lines of the lung (H1299) and colon (HCT116) adenocarcinomas by proliferation assay. The results demonstrated that compounds 5a, 5d, 5e, and 5f were the most active (IC50<30 µM). Based on recent literature and the current results, the glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) protein was investigated in-silico as a possible target. The molecular docking and QSAR revealed an excellent binding affinity of the selected imidazole-pyridine compounds to GSK-3β. Notably, GSK-3β protein levels were significantly upregulated in hepatocellular liver carcinoma (LIHCs) tissues and negatively affected patient prognosis. Consequently, the compounds were evaluated on liver cancer cell lines (HepG2, HUH-7, and PLC/PRF/5) by the MTT assay, and 5d showed the highest antitumor activity. This study offers new compounds with interesting biological activity on GSK-3β as a target, exhibiting a potential therapeutic impact for hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baladhandapani Aruchamy
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India; Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India
| | - Carmelo Drago
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126 Catania, Italy.
| | - Venera Russo
- Vera Salus Ricerca S.r.l., Via Sigmund Freud 62/B, 96100 Siracusa, Italy
| | | | - Prasanna Ramani
- Dhanvanthri Laboratory, Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Physical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India; Center of Excellence in Advanced Materials & Green Technologies (CoE-AMGT), Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India.
| | - T P Aneesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Sonu Benny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - V R Vishnu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
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Siegfried JM. Sex and Gender Differences in Lung Cancer and Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6470418. [PMID: 34927202 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Two highly prevalent pulmonary diseases, lung cancer and chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), show both sex and gender differences in their presentations and outcomes. Sex differences are defined as biological differences associated with the male vs female genotype, and gender differences are defined as behavioral or social differences that primarily arise because of gender identity. The incidence of both lung cancer and COPD has increased dramatically in women over the past 50 years, and both are associated with chronic pulmonary inflammation. Development of COPD is also a risk factor for lung cancer. In this review, the main differences in lung cancer and COPD biology observed between men and women will be summarized. Potential causative factors will be discussed, including the role of estrogen in promoting pro-growth and inflammatory phenotypes which may contribute to development of both lung cancer and COPD. Response of the innate and adaptive immune system to estrogen is a likely factor in the biology of both lung cancer and COPD. Estrogen available from synthesis by reproductive organs as well as local pulmonary estrogen synthesis may be involved in activating estrogen receptors expressed by multiple cell types in the lung. Estrogenic actions, although more pronounced in women, may also have importance in the biology of lung cancer and COPD in men. Effects of estrogen are also timing and context dependent; the multiple cell types that mediate estrogen action in the lungs may confer both positive and negative effects on disease processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill M Siegfried
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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[Assessment and operationalization of the characteristic "gender" in representative population-based surveys: challenges and implications with the example of the GeSiD study]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:1364-1371. [PMID: 34652469 PMCID: PMC8550784 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03440-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Repräsentative quantitative Surveys erheben das Geschlecht der Teilnehmenden, um geschlechtsspezifische Analysen im Hinblick auf die jeweiligen Fragestellungen zuzulassen und Rückschlüsse auf die Populationen zu ziehen. Dies ist wichtig, um zielgruppenspezifische Informationen und Angebote zu entwickeln. Doch obwohl Geschlecht nicht mehr ausschließlich als ein binäres Konstrukt betrachtet wird, wird es noch oft durch eine binäre Variable mit den Antwortmöglichkeiten Frau/Mann oder weiblich/männlich erhoben. In diesem Artikel erörtern wir, warum dieses Vorgehen veraltet bzw. unvollständig und eine Abkehr von diesem Ansatz wichtig und notwendig ist. Anhand der GeSiD-Studie zu „Gesundheit und Sexualität in Deutschland“ zeigen wir in diesem Diskussionsbeitrag exemplarisch auf, wie Geschlecht anhand eines zweistufigen Modells erhoben werden kann, bei dem im ersten Schritt das bei der Geburt zugewiesene Geschlecht und im zweiten Schritt die subjektive Geschlechtszugehörigkeit abgefragt wird. Gleichzeitig erörtern wir die Herausforderungen, die dieser Ansatz mit sich bringt. Die Erfahrungen aus der GeSiD-Studie setzen wir in einen größeren Kontext und diskutieren die Implikationen und Möglichkeiten zur Operationalisierung von Geschlecht in repräsentativen Befragungen.
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Abstract
Lung cancer represents the world's leading cause of cancer deaths. Sex differences in the incidence and mortality rates for various types of lung cancers have been identified, but the biological and endocrine mechanisms implicated in these disparities have not yet been determined. While some cancers such as lung adenocarcinoma are more commonly found among women than men, others like squamous cell carcinoma display the opposite pattern or show no sex differences. Associations of tobacco product use rates, susceptibility to carcinogens, occupational exposures, and indoor and outdoor air pollution have also been linked to differential rates of lung cancer occurrence and mortality between sexes. While roles for sex hormones in other types of cancers affecting women or men have been identified and described, little is known about the influence of sex hormones in lung cancer. One potential mechanism identified to date is the synergism between estrogen and some tobacco compounds, and oncogene mutations, in inducing the expression of metabolic enzymes, leading to enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species and DNA adducts, and subsequent lung carcinogenesis. In this review, we present the literature available regarding sex differences in cancer rates, associations of male and female sex hormones with lung cancer, the influence of exogenous hormone therapy in women, and potential mechanisms mediated by male and female sex hormone receptors in lung carcinogenesis. The influence of biological sex on lung disease has recently been established, thus new research incorporating this variable will shed light on the mechanisms behind the observed disparities in lung cancer rates, and potentially lead to the development of new therapeutics to treat this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Fuentes
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Miguel Silva Rodriguez
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Patricia Silveyra
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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10
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Sex-Related Characteristics, Quality of Care, and Short-Term Mortality Rates in Patient With Chronic Heart Failure. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 31:77-84. [PMID: 34364800 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of female sex with quality of care and short-term mortality rates in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) remains controversial. METHOD We performed a retrospective study using data from 2,663 patients with CHF from nine hospitals in Beijing between January 2014 and December 2015. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate whether female sex was independently associated with quality of care and short-term mortality rates in Chinese patients with CHF. RESULTS Compared to male patients, female patients (48%) were older and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities. Performance measures, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, aldosterone receptor antagonists, and beta blocker use in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. warfarin therapy in those with atrial fibrillation, documentation of B-type natriuretic peptide/N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and left ventricular ejection fraction, showed no sex difference in multivariable analysis. Adjusted in-hospital mortality (1.7% vs 2.1%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.908; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.448-1.842; p=0.789) and 30-day mortality (4.2% vs. 4.4%; adjusted hazard ratio, 0.908; 95% CI, 0.567-1.454; p=0.689) were comparable between the sexes. CONCLUSION Chinese female patients with CHF receive a similar quality of care and have similar short-term mortality rates as male patients.
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Migliore L, Nicolì V, Stoccoro A. Gender Specific Differences in Disease Susceptibility: The Role of Epigenetics. Biomedicines 2021; 9:652. [PMID: 34200989 PMCID: PMC8228628 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many complex traits or diseases, such as infectious and autoimmune diseases, cancer, xenobiotics exposure, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as the outcome of vaccination, show a differential susceptibility between males and females. In general, the female immune system responds more efficiently to pathogens. However, this can lead to over-reactive immune responses, which may explain the higher presence of autoimmune diseases in women, but also potentially the more adverse effects of vaccination in females compared with in males. Many clinical and epidemiological studies reported, for the SARS-CoV-2 infection, a gender-biased differential response; however, the majority of reports dealt with a comparable morbidity, with males, however, showing higher COVID-19 adverse outcomes. Although gender differences in immune responses have been studied predominantly within the context of sex hormone effects, some other mechanisms have been invoked: cellular mosaicism, skewed X chromosome inactivation, genes escaping X chromosome inactivation, and miRNAs encoded on the X chromosome. The hormonal hypothesis as well as other mechanisms will be examined and discussed in the light of the most recent epigenetic findings in the field, as the concept that epigenetics is the unifying mechanism in explaining gender-specific differences is increasingly emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Medical School, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.N.); (A.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Nicolì
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Medical School, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrea Stoccoro
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Medical School, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.N.); (A.S.)
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12
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Sex and Gender Differences in Lung Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1304:227-258. [PMID: 34019273 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68748-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences in the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system have been widely reported. These intrinsic sex differences have also been shown to modulate the pathophysiology, incidence, morbidity, and mortality of several lung diseases across the life span. In this chapter, we describe the epidemiology of sex differences in respiratory diseases including neonatal lung disease (respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia) and pediatric and adult disease (including asthma, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, obstructive sleep apnea, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and respiratory viral infections such as respiratory syncytial virus, influenza, and SARS-CoV-2). We also discuss the current state of research on the mechanisms underlying the observed sex differences in lung disease susceptibility and severity and the importance of considering both sex and gender variables in research studies' design and analysis.
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Wilunda C, Sawada N, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Inoue M, Tsugane S. Reproductive Factors and Lung Cancer Risk among Never-Smoking Japanese Women with 21 Years of Follow-Up: A Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:1185-1192. [PMID: 33827981 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between reproductive factors and lung cancer. METHODS We used data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study, which included 400 incident lung cancer cases (305 adenocarcinoma) among 42,615 never-smoking women followed for a median of 21 years, to examine the associations of reproductive and hormonal factors with lung cancer by histological type using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Longer fertility span (≥36 years vs. ≤32 years) was associated with increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.07-2.06, P trend = 0.01) but not with all lung cancer or nonadenocarcinoma. Similarly, late age at menopause (≥ 50 years) was associated with increased adenocarcinoma risk (vs. ≤ 47 years, HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.01-1.96, P trend 0.04). Compared with premenopausal women, women with natural menopause (HR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.02-3.88) or surgical menopause (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.33-5.67) were at increased risk of adenocarcinoma. In contrast, breastfeeding was associated with reduced risk of nonadenocarcinoma (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28-0.92). No significant association with parity, age at first birth, exogenous hormone use, or length of menstrual cycle was detected. CONCLUSIONS Reproductive factors may play a role in lung carcinogenesis. Future studies that include estrogen and progesterone biomarkers may help clarify the role of endogenous hormones in lung carcinogenesis. IMPACT Fertility span and age at menopause may be useful variables in developing risk prediction models for lung adenocarcinoma among nonsmoking women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calistus Wilunda
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.,African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Inoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Chang JT, Meza R, Levy DT, Arenberg D, Jeon J. Prediction of COPD risk accounting for time-varying smoking exposures. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248535. [PMID: 33690706 PMCID: PMC7946316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Studies have primarily assessed the relationship between smoking on COPD risk focusing on summary measures, like smoking status. OBJECTIVE Develop a COPD risk prediction model incorporating individual time-varying smoking exposures. METHODS The Nurses' Health Study (N = 86,711) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (N = 39,817) data was used to develop a COPD risk prediction model. Data was randomly split in 50-50 samples for model building and validation. Cox regression with time-varying covariates was used to assess the association between smoking duration, intensity and year-since-quit and self-reported COPD diagnosis incidence. We evaluated the model calibration as well as discriminatory accuracy via the Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve (AUC). We computed 6-year risk of COPD incidence given various individual smoking scenarios. RESULTS Smoking duration, year-since-quit (if former smokers), sex, and interaction of sex and smoking duration are significantly associated with the incidence of diagnosed COPD. The model that incorporated time-varying smoking variables yielded higher AUCs compared to models using only pack-years. The AUCs for the model were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74-0.86) and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.70-0.77) for males and females, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Utilizing detailed smoking pattern information, the model predicts COPD risk with better accuracy than models based on only smoking summary measures. It might serve as a tool for early detection programs by identifying individuals at high-risk for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne T. Chang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rafael Meza
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - David T. Levy
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington D.C., DC, United States of America
| | - Douglas Arenberg
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jihyoun Jeon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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15
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Keir JLA, Cakmak S, Blais JM, White PA. The influence of demographic and lifestyle factors on urinary levels of PAH metabolites-empirical analyses of Cycle 2 (2009-2011) CHMS data. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2021; 31:386-397. [PMID: 32066882 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-020-0208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of compounds formed during the incomplete combustion of organic matter. Several are mutagenic carcinogens; the magnitude of exposure can be assessed by examining urinary levels of PAH metabolites. Data from biomonitoring studies that record urinary PAH metabolite levels, as well as demographic and lifestyle information, can be used to investigate relationships between PAH exposure and variables, such as smoking status, workplace smoking restrictions, age, sex, household income, home age, and occupation. This study analysed creatinine-adjusted urinary PAH metabolite concentrations and questionnaire data from ~1200 individuals aged 16 years and older surveyed in Cycle 2 of the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS). Statistical analyses revealed that smoking status, age, and sex are associated with urinary concentrations of a pyrene metabolite (1-OHP), phenanthrene metabolites (ΣOH-Phen), fluorene metabolites (ΣOH-Flu) and naphthalene metabolites (ΣOH-Nap). More specifically, smoking status, age and sex can collectively account for 30, 24, 52, and 34% of the observed variations in 1-OHP, ΣOH-Phen, ΣOH-Flu and ΣOH-Nap metabolites, respectively (p < 0.001). Analyses of non-smokers revealed weak but significant effects of age, sex, home age, and occupation on urinary levels of selected PAH metabolites (i.e., <7% of observed variation, p < 0.05). The unexplained variation in PAH metabolite levels is most likely related to diet, which was not examined. Although the results revealed significant relationships between urinary PAH metabolite levels and several lifestyle and/or demographic variables, robust examinations of selected effects (e.g., sex, home age, occupation) will require datasets that are balanced with respect to the other highlighted variables. The results can be used to identify remedial measures to reduce exposure and concomitant risk, and/or design follow-up studies to test hypotheses regarding the causes of exposure differences empirically related to sex, age, home age, and occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L A Keir
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Sabit Cakmak
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Jules M Blais
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Paul A White
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
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16
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Doiron D, Bourbeau J, de Hoogh K, Hansell AL. Ambient air pollution exposure and chronic bronchitis in the Lifelines cohort. Thorax 2021; 76:thoraxjnl-2020-216142. [PMID: 33509968 PMCID: PMC8311080 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few large studies have assessed the relationship of long-term ambient air pollution exposure with the prevalence and incidence of symptoms of chronic bronchitis and cough. METHODS We leveraged Lifelines cohort data on 132 595 (baseline) and 65 009 (second assessment) participants linked to ambient air pollution estimates. Logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age, educational attainment, body mass index, smoking status, pack-years smoking and environmental tobacco smoke at home were used to assess associations of air pollution with prevalence and incidence of chronic bronchitis (winter cough and sputum almost daily for ≥3 months/year), chronic cough (winter cough almost daily for ≥3 months/year) and prevalence of cough and sputum symptoms, irrespective of duration. RESULTS Associations were seen for all pollutants for prevalent cough or sputum symptoms. However, for prevalent and incident chronic bronchitis, statistically significant associations were seen for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and black carbon (BC) but not for fine particulate matter (PM2.5). For prevalent chronic bronchitis, associations with NO2 showed OR: 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.08) and with BC OR: 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.09) expressed per IQR; corresponding results for incident chronic bronchitis were NO2 OR: 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.13) and BC OR: 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.13). In subgroup analyses, slightly stronger associations were observed among women, never smokers and younger individuals. CONCLUSION This is the largest analysis to date to examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between ambient air pollution and chronic bronchitis. NO2 and BC air pollution was associated with increased odds of prevalent and incident chronic bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dany Doiron
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
| | - Anna L Hansell
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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17
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Thaiparambil J, Dong L, Jasso D, Huang JA, El-Zein RA. Mitotic Spindle Apparatus Abnormalities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Cells: A Potential Pathway to Lung Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:923-934. [PMID: 32655004 PMCID: PMC7641916 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a long-term lung disease characterized by irreversible lung damage resulting in airflow limitation, abnormal permanent air-space enlargement, and emphysema. Cigarette smoking is the major cause of COPD with 15% to 30% of smokers developing either disease. About 50% to 80% of patients with lung cancer have preexisting COPD and smokers who have COPD are at an increased risk for developing lung cancer. Therefore, COPD is considered an independent risk for lung cancer, even after adjusting for smoking. A crucial early event in carcinogenesis is the induction of the genomic instability through alterations in the mitotic spindle apparatus. To date, the underlying mechanism by which COPD contributes to lung cancer risk is unclear. We hypothesized that tobacco smoke carcinogens induce mitotic spindle apparatus abnormalities and alter expression of crucial genes leading to increased genomic instability and ultimately tumorigenesis. To test our hypothesis, we assessed the genotoxic effects of a potent tobacco-smoke carcinogen [4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, (NNK)] on bronchial epithelial cells from patients with COPD and normal bronchial epithelial cells and identified genes associated with mitotic spindle defects and chromosome missegregation that also overlap with lung cancer. Our results indicate that exposure to NNK leads to a significantly altered spindle orientation, centrosome amplification, and chromosome misalignment in COPD cells as compared with normal epithelial cells. In addition, we identified several genes (such as AURKA, AURKB, and MAD2L2) that were upregulated and overlap with lung cancer suggesting a potential common pathway in the transition from COPD to lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Thaiparambil
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center and Department of Radiology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Lingyun Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Wujiang Hospital of Nantong University, Suzhou, China
| | - Diana Jasso
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center and Department of Radiology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Jian-An Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Randa A El-Zein
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center and Department of Radiology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas.
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18
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Gastelum G, Jiang W, Wang L, Zhou G, Borkar R, Putluri N, Moorthy B. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-induced Pulmonary Carcinogenesis in Cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A1- and 1A2-Null Mice: Roles of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. Toxicol Sci 2020; 177:347-361. [PMID: 32726451 PMCID: PMC7818899 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2019, lung cancer was estimated to be the leading cause of cancer deaths in humans. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to increase the risk of lung cancer. PAHs are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A subfamily, comprised of the CYP1A1 and 1A2 monooxygenases. These enzymes bioactivate PAHs into reactive metabolites that induce mutagenic DNA adducts, which can lead to cancer. Past studies have investigated the role of CYP1A1 in PAH bioactivation; however, the individual roles of each CYP1A enzyme are still unknown. In this investigation, we tested the hypothesis that mice lacking the genes for Cyp1a1 or Cyp1a2 will display altered susceptibilities to PAH-induced pulmonary carcinogenesis. Wild-type, Cyp1a1-null (Cyp1a1-/-), and Cyp1a2-null (Cyp1a2-/-) male and female mice were treated with 3-methylcholanthrene for cancer initiation and tumor formation studies. In wild-type mice, CYP1A1 and 1A2 expression was induced by 3-methylcholanthrene. Cyp1a1-/- and Cyp1a2-/- mice treated with PAHs displayed a compensatory pattern, where knocking out 1 Cyp1a gene led to increased expression of the other. Cyp1a1-/- mice were resistant to DNA adduct and tumor formation, whereas Cyp1a2-/- mice displayed increased levels of both. UALCAN analysis revealed that lung adenocarcinoma patients with high levels of CYP1A2 expression survive significantly better than patients with low/medium expression. In conclusion, Cyp1a1-/- mice were less susceptible to PAH-induced pulmonary carcinogenesis, whereas Cyp1a2-/- mice were more susceptible. In addition, high CYP1A2 expression was found to be protective for lung adenocarcinoma patients. These results support the need to develop novel CYP1A1 inhibitors to mitigate human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grady Gastelum
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Weiwu Jiang
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Lihua Wang
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Guodong Zhou
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Roshan Borkar
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Advanced Technology Core, Alkek Center for Molecular Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Bhagavatula Moorthy
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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19
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Han MK, Martinez FJ. Host, Gender, and Early-Life Factors as Risks for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Clin Chest Med 2020; 41:329-337. [PMID: 32800188 PMCID: PMC7993923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although smoking results in lung pathology in many, still not all smokers develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Roughly a quarter of patients with COPD have never smoked. An understanding of both host and environmental factors beyond smoking that contribute to disease development remain critical to understanding disease prevention and ultimately effectively intervene. In this article, we summarize host factors, including genetics and gender, as well as early-life events that contribute to the development of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- MeiLan K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 3916 Taubman Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fernando J Martinez
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Assad N, Sen P, Shore X, Myers O, Armstrong E, Cook LS, Sood A. New Mexico Female Miners Have Lower Odds for COPD than Their Male Counterparts. COPD 2020; 17:509-514. [PMID: 32835523 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2020.1804847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant cause of morbidity among miners. There is an increasing number of women in the mining industry and the differences in their risk for COPD compared to men miners are not understood. Our objective is to compare the odds for COPD between male and female miners. Using cross-sectional data from the Mining Dust in the United States (MiDUS) Cohort, that included New Mexico miners between 1989 and 2018, we compared the odds for airflow obstruction or chronic bronchitis between women and men. There were 299 women in this diverse cohort of 7,464 miners. Compared to men, female miners reported lower cumulative smoking but higher prevalence of current smoking. Multivariable analysis showed that women miners had significantly lower odds for having airflow obstruction (OR 0.40; 95% CI (0.26, 0.6)) and chronic bronchitis (OR 0.31, 95% CI (0.19, 0.53)) than men. Future studies need to determine whether this sex difference is explained by residual confounders or true biological difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Assad
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Payal Sen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Xin Shore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Orrin Myers
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Eric Armstrong
- Black Lung Program, Miners' Colfax Medical Center, Raton, NM, USA
| | - Linda S Cook
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Akshay Sood
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Black Lung Program, Miners' Colfax Medical Center, Raton, NM, USA
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21
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Brandsma C, Van den Berge M, Hackett T, Brusselle G, Timens W. Recent advances in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathogenesis: from disease mechanisms to precision medicine. J Pathol 2020; 250:624-635. [PMID: 31691283 PMCID: PMC7216938 DOI: 10.1002/path.5364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a devastating lung disease with a high personal and societal burden. Exposure to toxic particles and gases, including cigarette smoke, is the main risk factor for COPD. Together with smoking cessation, current treatment strategies of COPD aim to improve symptoms and prevent exacerbations, but there is no disease-modifying treatment. The biggest drawback of today's COPD treatment regimen is the 'one size fits all' pharmacological intervention, mainly based on disease severity and symptoms and not the individual's disease pathology. To halt the worrying increase in the burden of COPD, disease management needs to be advanced with a focus on personalized treatment. The main pathological feature of COPD includes a chronic and abnormal inflammatory response within the lungs, which results in airway and alveolar changes in the lung as reflected by (small) airways disease and emphysema. Here we discuss recent developments related to the abnormal inflammatory response, ECM and age-related changes, structural changes in the small airways and the role of sex-related differences, which are all relevant to explain the individual differences in the disease pathology of COPD and improve disease endotyping. Furthermore, we will discuss the most recent developments of new treatment strategies using biologicals to target specific pathological features or disease endotypes of COPD. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corry‐Anke Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyGroningenThe Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC)GroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten Van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC)GroningenThe Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonary DiseasesGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Tillie‐Louise Hackett
- Centre for Heart Lung InnovationUnive rsity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and TherapeuticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Guy Brusselle
- Department of Respiratory MedicineGhent University HospitalGhentBelgium
- Department of Epidemiology and Respiratory MedicineErasmus Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical BiologyGroningenThe Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center GroningenGroningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC)GroningenThe Netherlands
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22
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Li X, Xiao J, Huang M, Liu T, Guo L, Zeng W, Chen Q, Zhang J, Ma W. Associations of county-level cumulative environmental quality with mortality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality of tracheal, bronchus and lung cancers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:135523. [PMID: 31767293 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancers are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Many environmental factors have been linked to COPD and TBL cancers. This study examined the associations of cumulative environmental quality indices with COPD mortality and TBL cancers mortality, respectively. Environmental Quality Index (EQI) was constructed to represent cumulative environmental quality for the overall environment and 5 major environmental domains (e.g., air, water, built). Associations of each EQI indices with COPD mortality and TBL cancers mortality, across 3109 counties in the 48 contiguous states of the US, were examined using simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) models. Stratified analyses were conducted in females versus males and according to rural-urban continuum codes (RUCC) to assess the heterogeneity across the overall population. Overall poor environmental quality was associated with a percent difference (PD) of 0.75 [95% confidence intervals (95% CI), 0.46, 1.05] in COPD mortality and an PD of 1.22 (95% CI, 0.97, 1.46) in TBL cancers mortality. PDs were higher in females than in males for both COPD and TBL cancers. The built domain had the largest effect on COPD mortality (PD, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.58, 1.12) while the air domain had the largest effect on TBL cancers mortality (PD, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.31, 1.76). The EQI-mortality associations varied among different RUCCs, but no consistent trend was found. This result suggests that poor environmental quality, particularly poor air quality and built environment quality may increase the mortality risk for COPD and that for TBL cancers. Females appear to be more susceptible to the effect of cumulative environmental quality. Our findings highlight the importance of improving overall and domain-specific cumulative environmental quality in reducing COPD and TBL cancer mortalities in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511430, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511430, China
| | - Miaoling Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511430, China
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511430, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511430, China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Nicholas School of the Environment & Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA; Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, Jiangsu Province 215316, China.
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511430, China.
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23
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Moll M, Regan EA, Hokanson JE, Lutz SM, Silverman EK, Crapo JD, Make BJ, DeMeo DL. The Association of Multiparity with Lung Function and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Related Phenotypes. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASES (MIAMI, FLA.) 2020; 7:86-98. [PMID: 32324980 PMCID: PMC7454017 DOI: 10.15326/jcopdf.7.2.2019.0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apparent increased female susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suggests sex hormones modulate disease pathogenesis. Little is known about associations between multiparity and lung function in smokers. RESEARCH QUESTION We hypothesized that multiparity is associated with lung function and measures of emphysema and airway disease. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Utilizing female participants from the 5-year follow up of the COPD Genetic Epidemiology (COPDGene®) study we performed multivariable linear regressions to assess the effect of multiparity and number of pregnancies on forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) percentage of predicted (% predicted), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC), percent emphysema on computed tomography (CT) scans, and Pi10, a measure of airway thickening. We sampled never smokers and those with lower smoking exposure from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2012 dataset. RESULTS We included 1820 participants from COPDGene® and 418 participants from NHANES (321 never smokers, 97 ever smokers). In COPDGene®, multiparity (beta coefficient [β] = -3.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [-6.5, -1.1], p = 0.005) and higher number of pregnancies were associated with lower FEV1 % predicted. Multiparity was not associated with percent emphysema or Pi10. In individuals with no or mild obstruction, multiparity was associated with lower FEV1 % predicted. There was an interaction with multiparity and age on FEV1 % predicted (p = 0.025). In NHANES, there was no association between multiparity and FEV1 % predicted in never smokers or the lower smoking exposure group. INTERPRETATION Multiparity was associated with lower FEV1 % predicted in current and former smokers in COPDGene® study participants. These preliminary results emphasize the importance of smoking abstinence in women of child-bearing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Moll
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - John E. Hokanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Sharon M. Lutz
- PRecisiOn Medicine Translational Research (PROMoTeR) Center, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James D. Crapo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Barry J. Make
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado
| | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Koleade A, Farrell J, Mugford G, Gao Z. Female-specific risk factors associated with risk of ACO (asthma COPD overlap) in aboriginal people. J Asthma 2019; 57:925-932. [PMID: 31106621 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2019.1621890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Sex differences in incidence, susceptibility and severity of many chronic respiratory diseases have been long recognized. Asthma-COPD Overlap (ACO) is newly recognized disease with its management guidelines reported in 2015. The objective of this analysis is to identify the female-specific risk factors associated with ACO in Aboriginal people.Methods: The Aboriginal Peoples Survey 2012 (N = 28,410) is the fourth cycle of a national cross-sectional survey representative of the First Nations living off reserve, Metis and Inuit. The 2012 APS collected information on employment, education, health status, housing, family background and income. Survey Logistic Regression was used to identify the significant risk factors for ACO in the multivariate analysis.Results: The prevalence of ACO was 1.65% and 3.53% in males and females, respectively. The following factors were significantly associated with increased risk of ACO in both males and females: increased age, living in Quebec, living in a rented dwelling and dwelling in need of major repairs. However, four factors including marital status (being widowed, separated, or divorced), smoking status (being a current daily smoker), having a diagnosis of diabetes and working 40 h and over a week were significantly associated with increased risk of ACO in females not males.Conclusion:The results of our study may offer useful evidence for future development of female-specific prevention and public health intervention programs in aboriginal communities to reduce the burden of ACO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adetola Koleade
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Canada
| | - Jamie Farrell
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Canada.,Health Sciences Centre (Respirology Department), Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Canada
| | - Gerald Mugford
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Canada
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Canada
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Koyanagi YN, Ito H, Matsuo K, Sugawara Y, Hidaka A, Sawada N, Wada K, Nagata C, Tamakoshi A, Lin Y, Takeuchi T, Kitamura Y, Utada M, Sadakane A, Mizoue T, Naito M, Tanaka K, Shimazu T, Tsugane S, Inoue M. Smoking and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence: A Pooled Analysis of 10 Population-Based Cohort Studies in Japan. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:1370-1378. [PMID: 31113869 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detailed prospective evaluation of cigarette smoking associated with pancreatic cancer risk in large Asian populations is limited. The aim of this study was to examine this association in a Japanese population, with a particular focus on evaluating sex differences. METHODS We performed a pooled analysis of 10 population-based cohort studies. We calculated study-specific HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Cox proportional hazards regression, and then estimated summary HRs by pooling these estimates with a random effects model. RESULTS During 4,695,593 person-years of follow-up in 354,154 participants, 1,779 incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified. We observed an increased pancreatic cancer risk for current smoking compared with never smoking in both males [HR (95% CI), 1.59 (1.32-1.91)] and females [HR (95% CI), 1.81 (1.43-2.30)]. Significant risk elevations for former smoking and small cumulative dose of ≤20 pack-years (PY) were observed only among females, regardless of environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Trend analysis indicated significant 6% and nonsignificant 6% increases in pancreatic cancer risk for every 10 PYs in males and females, respectively. Risk became comparable with never smokers after 5 years of smoking cessation in males. In females, however, we observed no risk attenuation by smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS This study supports the well-known association between smoking and pancreatic cancer and indicates potential sex differences in a Japanese population. Quitting smoking would be beneficial for pancreatic cancer prevention, especially in males. IMPACT Pancreatic cancer risk is increased with cumulative smoking exposure and decreased with smoking cessation, with potential sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko N Koyanagi
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan. .,Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumi Sugawara
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Informatics and Public Health, Tohoku University School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihisa Hidaka
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Wada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yingsong Lin
- Department of Public Health, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taro Takeuchi
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuri Kitamura
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mai Utada
- Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sadakane
- Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Naito
- Department of Oral Epidemiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanaka
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Alif SM, Dharmage S, Benke G, Dennekamp M, Burgess J, Perret JL, Lodge C, Morrison S, Johns DP, Giles G, Gurrin L, Thomas PS, Hopper JL, Wood-Baker R, Thompson B, Feather I, Vermeulen R, Kromhout H, Jarvis D, Garcia Aymerich J, Walters EH, Abramson MJ, Matheson MC. Occupational exposure to solvents and lung function decline: A population based study. Thorax 2019; 74:650-658. [PMID: 31028237 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE While cross-sectional studies have shown associations between certain occupational exposures and lower levels of lung function, there was little evidence from population-based studies with repeated lung function measurements. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the associations between occupational exposures and longitudinal lung function decline in the population-based Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study. METHODS Lung function decline between ages 45 years and 50 years was assessed using data from 767 participants. Using lifetime work history calendars completed at age 45 years, exposures were assigned according to the ALOHA plus Job Exposure Matrix. Occupational exposures were defined as ever exposed and cumulative exposure -unit- years. We investigated effect modification by sex, smoking and asthma status. RESULTS Compared with those without exposure, ever exposures to aromatic solvents and metals were associated with a greater decline in FEV1 (aromatic solvents 15.5 mL/year (95% CI -24.8 to 6.3); metals 11.3 mL/year (95% CI -21.9 to - 0.7)) and FVC (aromatic solvents 14.1 mL/year 95% CI -28.8 to - 0.7; metals 17.5 mL/year (95% CI -34.3 to - 0.8)). Cumulative exposure (unit years) to aromatic solvents was also associated with greater decline in FEV1 and FVC. Women had lower cumulative exposure years to aromatic solvents than men (mean (SD) 9.6 (15.5) vs 16.6 (14.6)), but greater lung function decline than men. We also found association between ever exposures to gases/fumes or mineral dust and greater decline in lung function. CONCLUSIONS Exposures to aromatic solvents and metals were associated with greater lung function decline. The effect of aromatic solvents was strongest in women. Preventive strategies should be implemented to reduce these exposures in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh M Alif
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shyamali Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geza Benke
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martine Dennekamp
- Environmental Public Health, Environment Protection Authority Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John Burgess
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caroline Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen Morrison
- Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Peter Johns
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Graham Giles
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lyle Gurrin
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul S Thomas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of new South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Llewelyn Hopper
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Bruce Thompson
- Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Iain Feather
- Medicine, Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Environmental Epidemiology Division, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Environmental Epidemiology Division, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Debbie Jarvis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | | | - E Haydn Walters
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melanie Claire Matheson
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gut-Gobert C, Cavaillès A, Dixmier A, Guillot S, Jouneau S, Leroyer C, Marchand-Adam S, Marquette D, Meurice JC, Desvigne N, Morel H, Person-Tacnet C, Raherison C. Women and COPD: do we need more evidence? Eur Respir Rev 2019; 28:28/151/180055. [PMID: 30814138 PMCID: PMC9488562 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0055-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasingly female face of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence among women has equalled that of men since 2008, due in part to increased tobacco use among women worldwide and exposure to biomass fuels. This finding is supported by a number of characteristics. There is evidence of susceptibility to smoking and other airborne contaminants, along with epidemiological and phenotypic manifestations. COPD has thus become the leading cause of death in women in the USA. The clinical presentation is characterised by increasingly pronounced dyspnoea with a marked tendency towards anxiety and depression, undernutrition, nonsmall cell lung cancer (especially adenocarcinoma) and osteoporosis. Quality of life is also more significantly impacted. The theories advanced to explain these differences involve the role played by oestrogens, impaired gas exchange in the lungs and smoking habits. While these differences require appropriate therapeutic responses (smoking cessation, pulmonary rehabilitation, long-term oxygen therapy), barriers to the treatment of women with COPD include greater under-diagnosis than in men, fewer spirometry tests and medical consultations. Faced with this serious public health problem, we need to update and adapt our knowledge to the epidemiological changes. The face of COPD is increasingly female. We need more evidence and a change in how the disease is managed. http://ow.ly/zueL30mWqlS
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Gut-Gobert
- G.E.T.B.O. (Groupe d'Etude de la Thrombose de Bretagne Occidentale), Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Brest, EA3878, IFR148, Hôpital La Cavale Blanche, Département de Médecine Interne et Pneumologie, Brest, France
| | - Arnaud Cavaillès
- Institut du Thorax, CHU de Nantes, Dept of Pulmonology, Nantes, France
| | - Adrien Dixmier
- Dept of Pulmonology, Orléans Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
| | - Stéphanie Guillot
- Unité d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Respiratoires, CHRU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Stéphane Jouneau
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Rennes, France.,IRSET UMR 1085, Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Christophe Leroyer
- G.E.T.B.O. (Groupe d'Etude de la Thrombose de Bretagne Occidentale), Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Brest, EA3878, IFR148, Hôpital La Cavale Blanche, Département de Médecine Interne et Pneumologie, Brest, France
| | - Sylvain Marchand-Adam
- Université François Rabelais Faculté de Médecine de Tours, Inserm 1100, CHRU de Tours Service de Pneumologie, Tours, France
| | - David Marquette
- Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Bretagne Atlantique, Vannes, France
| | - Jean-Claude Meurice
- Dept of Pulmonology Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Hugues Morel
- Dept of Pulmonology, Orléans Regional Hospital, Orléans, France
| | | | - Chantal Raherison
- Service des Maladies Respiratoires, CHU Bordeaux, Epicene U1219 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Nicolini A, Barbagelata E, Tagliabue E, Colombo D, Monacelli F, Braido F. Gender differences in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases: a narrative review. Panminerva Med 2018; 60:192-199. [DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.18.03463-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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DeMeo DL, Ramagopalan S, Kavati A, Vegesna A, Han MK, Yadao A, Wilcox TK, Make BJ. Women manifest more severe COPD symptoms across the life course. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:3021-3029. [PMID: 30319250 PMCID: PMC6171761 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s160270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggest that gender differences exist in COPD diagnosis and symptoms; these differences may be more pronounced in younger adults. Our objective was to explore age-associated gender differences across a range of COPD severities. Materials and methods A total of 4,484 current and former smokers with COPD from the Genetic Epidemiology of COPD cohort were investigated using regression modeling to explore the association between gender, age, disease severity, and the contributing elements of the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) classification system (symptoms, exacerbation risk, airflow limitation). Results The age-gender interaction was observed across multiple age categories. Compared to men with COPD, younger women with COPD had a greater likelihood of more severe dyspnea, airflow limitation, greater risk for exacerbations, and categorization in GOLD groups B and D. These differences were less pronounced in older women with COPD. However, older women remained more likely to experience severe dyspnea and to manifest more severe COPD (B vs A) than older men, despite lower pack-years of smoking. Conclusion These data demonstrate the significant symptom burden of COPD in women, especially younger women. More research is needed to understand the pathogenesis of increased severity of COPD in women and to develop gender-targeted clinical assessment and management approaches to improve outcomes for women and men with COPD at all ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn L DeMeo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine and the Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,
| | | | - Abhishek Kavati
- US Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Ashok Vegesna
- US Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Meilan K Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anthony Yadao
- US Clinical Development and Medical Affairs, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | | | - Barry J Make
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
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The cigarette smoke components induced the cell proliferation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition via production of reactive oxygen species in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:657-665. [PMID: 30236600 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) causes about 480,000 deaths each year worldwide and is well-known to have harmful effects on the human body, leading to heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and cardiovascular problems. In the present study, the effects of acrylonitrile (AN), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P), formaldehyde (FOR), isoprene (ISO), nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK), which are the main components of CS, on the proliferation, invasion, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of human Ishikawa endometrial adenocarcinoma cells were investigated. Treating Ishikawa cells with CS components resulted in increased cell growth and altered expression of cell cycle-related genes: the protein expression of cyclin D & E increased, while the levels of p21 & p27 were reduced following treatment of these five CS components. In addition, CS components increased the invasion capacity of Ishikawa cells. The expression of the epithelial markers, E-cadherin and occludin, were significantly decreased, while the expression of the mesenchymal marker, N-cadherin, was significantly increased by CS components. In dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA) assay, ROS production increased by treatment of CS components. The CS components activated the ROS-p38 MAPK-EMT pathway by increasing the level of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and p44/42 (ERK1/2), and by up-regulating Snail and Slug, the transcription factors for EMT. Taken together, these results indicate that CS components can promote progression of endometrial adenocarcinoma via increasing cell proliferation and the ROS-mediated EMT process.
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Kim SM, Lee HM, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Benzo(a)pyrene induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human choriocarcinoma cancer cells through reactive oxygen species-induced endoplasmic reticulum-stress pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:339-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Tsuji M, Kanda H, Hayakawa T, Mori Y, Ito T, Hidaka T, Kakamu T, Kumagai T, Osaki Y, Kawazoe M, Sato S, Fukushima T. Nicotine cut-off value in human hair as a tool to distinguish active from passive smokers: A cross-sectional study in Japanese men. Cancer Biomark 2017; 20:41-48. [PMID: 28759953 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine concentration in hair is a useful marker of tobacco exposure. Detection of nicotine in the hair of non-smokers indicates passive smoking. Accurate measurement of nicotine among active and passive smokers can help in smoking cessation programs or programs designed to prevent secondhand smoke exposure. OBJECTIVE To establish, using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC/UV), a hair nicotine cut-off value to distinguish active from passive smokers. METHODS Hair samples were collected from randomly chosen Japanese men (n= 192) between 2009 and 2011. Nicotine and cotinine levels in hair were measured using HPLC/UV with column-switching. T-tests and chi-square tests were performed to compare active and passive smokers, while receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the cut-off value. RESULTS There were 69 active smokers and 123 passive smokers. The nicotine and cotinine concentrations in hair were significantly higher in active than in passive smokers (p< 0.01). The area under the curve for nicotine was 0.92. A hair nicotine cut-off value of 5.68 ng/mg, with a sensitivity of 94.2% and specificity of 87.0%, was identified as the optimal cut-off value for separating active from passive smokers. CONCLUSION Nicotine and cotinine concentrations in hair clearly distinguished active from passive smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Tsuji
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.,Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Takehito Hayakawa
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yayoi Mori
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Teruna Ito
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Tomoo Hidaka
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Takeyasu Kakamu
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kumagai
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yoneatsu Osaki
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Miki Kawazoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Sei Sato
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Tetsuhito Fukushima
- Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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Méndez-Bailón M, Lopez-de-Andrés A, de Miguel-Diez J, de Miguel-Yanes JM, Hernández-Barrera V, Muñoz-Rivas N, Lorenzo-Villalba N, Jiménez-García R. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease predicts higher incidence and in hospital mortality for atrial fibrillation. An observational study using hospital discharge data in Spain (2004–2013). Int J Cardiol 2017; 236:209-215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Dragonieri S, Quaranta VN, Carratu P, Ranieri T, Resta O. Influence of age and gender on the profile of exhaled volatile organic compounds analyzed by an electronic nose. J Bras Pneumol 2017; 42:143-5. [PMID: 27167436 PMCID: PMC4853068 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37562015000000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects of age and gender on the profile of exhaled volatile organic compounds. We evaluated 68 healthy adult never-smokers, comparing them by age and by gender. Exhaled breath samples were analyzed by an electronic nose (e-nose), resulting in "breathprints". Principal component analysis and canonical discriminant analysis showed that older subjects (≥ 50 years of age) could not be distinguished from younger subjects on the basis of their breathprints, as well as that the breathprints of males could not distinguished from those of females (cross-validated accuracy, 60.3% and 57.4%, respectively).Therefore, age and gender do not seem to affect the overall profile of exhaled volatile organic compounds measured by an e-nose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Teresa Ranieri
- Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italia
| | - Onofrio Resta
- Scuola di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italia
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Alonso T, Sobradillo P, de Torres JP. Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en mujeres: ¿somos diferentes? Arch Bronconeumol 2017; 53:222-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Konings GFJ, Reynaert NL, Delvoux B, Verhamme FM, Bracke KR, Brusselle GG, Romano A, Vernooy JHJ. Increased levels of enzymes involved in local estradiol synthesis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 443:23-31. [PMID: 27940297 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Steroid hormones are involved in lung development, pulmonary inflammation, and lung cancer. Estrogen signaling and exposure may play a role in pulmonary disorders, including COPD. In both genders, estrogens can be generated locally in the lungs and this contributes importantly to the tissue exposure to these steroids. OBJECTIVE To characterize and assess differences in localization of estrogen receptors and enzymes involved in the local generation of estrogens in COPD. METHODS Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα/ESR1), Estrogen Receptor beta (ERβ/ESR2) and G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) were explored by real-time (RT)-PCR analysis (mRNA expression), immunohistochemistry and western blotting in controls and COPD patients. mRNA expression of the enzymes involved in the local estrogen generation - i.e. aromatase (CYP19A1), 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSDs) 1, 2, 4, 5, 7 and 12, steroid sulfatase (STS) and sulfotransferase (SULT1E1) - were analyzed by RT-PCR. RESULTS ERα, ERβ and GPER were expressed in lung tissue, but no differences were observed between patients and controls. The main enzymes involved in local estrogen generation were also present in both normal and COPD lung tissue. In lungs of COPD patients compared with controls, we observed increased expression of the enzymes 17β-HSD type 1 and aromatase (positive association), both involved in the local synthesis of active estrogens. CONCLUSION All ER subtypes are present in the lung. The shift in local mRNA level of estrogen metabolic enzymes suggests that exposure to estrogens is involved in the pathogenesis of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F J Konings
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, The Netherlands.
| | - N L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - B Delvoux
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, The Netherlands
| | - F M Verhamme
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - K R Bracke
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - G G Brusselle
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Romano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, The Netherlands
| | - J H J Vernooy
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Forsslund H, Yang M, Mikko M, Karimi R, Nyrén S, Engvall B, Grunewald J, Merikallio H, Kaarteenaho R, Wahlström J, Wheelock ÅM, Sköld CM. Gender differences in the T-cell profiles of the airways in COPD patients associated with clinical phenotypes. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2016; 12:35-48. [PMID: 28053515 PMCID: PMC5191844 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s113625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
T lymphocytes are believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). How T cells are recruited to the lungs and contribute to the inflammatory process is largely unknown. COPD is a heterogeneous disease, and discriminating disease phenotypes based on distinct molecular and cellular pathways may provide new approaches for individualized diagnosis and therapies. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and blood samples were obtained from 40 never-smokers, 40 smokers with normal lung function, and 38 COPD patients. T-cell chemokine receptor expression was analyzed with flow cytometry, and soluble BAL cytokines and chemokines were measured using a cytokine multiplex assay. Correlations with gender and clinical characteristics including lung imaging were investigated using multivariate modeling. Th1/Tc1- and Th2/Tc2-associated soluble analytes and T-cell chemokine receptors were analyzed as cumulative Th1/Tc1 and Th2/Tc2 immune responses. A higher expression of chemokine receptor CCR5 on CD8+ T cells in BAL and higher percentage of CXCR3+CD8+ T cells in blood was found in female smokers with COPD compared to those without COPD. CCR5 expression on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was lower in BAL from male smokers with COPD compared to those without COPD. Among female smokers with COPD, Th1/Tc1 immune response was linked to BAL macrophage numbers and goblet cell density, and Th2/Tc2 response was associated with the measures of emphysema on high-resolution computed tomography. The highly gender-dependent T-cell profile in COPD indicates different links between cellular events and clinical manifestations in females compared to males. Our findings may reveal mechanisms of importance for the difference in clinical course in female COPD patients compared to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Forsslund
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
| | - Mingxing Yang
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
| | - Mikael Mikko
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
| | - Reza Karimi
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
| | - Sven Nyrén
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benita Engvall
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
| | - Johan Grunewald
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
| | - Heta Merikallio
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit; Respiratory Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riitta Kaarteenaho
- Respiratory Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Unit of Medicine and Clinical Research, Pulmonary Division, University of Eastern Finland; Center for Medicine and Clinical Research, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan Wahlström
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
| | - Åsa M Wheelock
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
| | - C Magnus Sköld
- Department of Medicine Solna and Centre for Molecular Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Unit
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COPD in a Population-Based Sample of Never-Smokers: Interactions among Sex, Gender, and Race. Int J Chronic Dis 2016; 2016:5862026. [PMID: 28054032 PMCID: PMC5174166 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5862026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This observational epidemiological study investigates sex/gender and racial differences in prevalence of COPD among never-smokers. Data were derived from the 2012 Center for Disease Control's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The sample consisted of 129,535 non-Hispanic whites and blacks 50 years of age and older who had never smoked. Descriptive and multivariable analyses were conducted, with the latter using a series of logistic regression models predicting COPD status by sex/gender and race, adjusting for age, height, socioeconomic position (SEP), number of household members, marital status, and health insurance coverage. Black women have the highest prevalence of COPD (7.0%), followed by white women (5.2%), white men (2.9%), and black men (2.4%). Women have significantly higher odds of COPD than men. When adjusting for SEP, black and white women have comparably higher odds of COPD than white men (black women OR = 1.66; 99% CI = 1.46, 1.88; white women OR = 1.49; 99% CI = 1.37, 1.63), while black men have significantly lower odds (OR = 0.62; 99% CI = 0.49, 0.79). This research provides evidence that racial inequalities in COPD (or lack thereof) may be related to SEP.
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Glassberg MK, Catanuto P, Shahzeidi S, Aliniazee M, Lilo S, Rubio GA, Elliot SJ. Estrogen deficiency promotes cigarette smoke-induced changes in the extracellular matrix in the lungs of aging female mice. Transl Res 2016; 178:107-117. [PMID: 27519148 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Female smokers have a faster decline in lung function with increasing age and overall develop a greater loss of lung function than male smokers. This raises the question of whether estrogen status in women affects susceptibility to cigarette smoke (CS)-induced lung disease. Mouse models suggest that female mice are more susceptible than males to CS-induced lung disease. Moreover, young CS-exposed female mice develop emphysema earlier than male mice. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship of estrogen status on the pattern and severity of CS-induced lung disease. In this study, 15-month-old female C57BL/6J mice were ovariectomized and administered either placebo (pla) or 17β-estradiol (E2, 0.025 mg) 2 weeks after ovariectomy. They were further divided into those that were exposed to CS and no-smoke controls (NSC). Mice were exposed to CS in stainless steel inhalation chambers 3 hours a day, 5 days a week for 6 months, and sacrificed after 24 weeks of CS exposure. Blood and urine were collected at sacrifice to measure estrogen and cotinine levels, a metabolite of nicotine. Uterine weight was recorded as an indicator of estrogen status. Results showed that CS in the absence of E2 induced a decrease in hydroxyproline content, macrophage number, and respiratory chain complex-1 protein. CS without E2 also resulted in an increase in matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity and apoptosis and a change in the ratio of estrogen receptor subtype. These findings were abrogated with administration of E2, suggesting that estrogen deficiency increases susceptibility to CS-induced lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn K Glassberg
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Fla; Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Fla.
| | - Paola Catanuto
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Fla
| | - Shahriar Shahzeidi
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Fla
| | | | - Sarit Lilo
- Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Fla
| | - Gustavo A Rubio
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Fla
| | - Sharon J Elliot
- Department of Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Fla
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Improving the Management of COPD in Women. Chest 2016; 151:686-696. [PMID: 27816445 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
COPD is a highly debilitating disease that represents a substantial and growing health burden in women. There is increasing evidence for sex-related differences in COPD risk, progression, and outcomes. However, the disease receives scant attention as a women's health issue. Thus, a multifaceted approach is required to address COPD in women, including greater awareness, minimization of risk, and further elucidation of the sex-specific factors (biological and cultural) that affect risk, disease progression, and treatment success. This article reviews the current literature on the topic and provides suggestions for achieving better outcomes for the millions of women with COPD worldwide.
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Jones B, Donovan C, Liu G, Gomez HM, Chimankar V, Harrison CL, Wiegman CH, Adcock IM, Knight DA, Hirota JA, Hansbro PM. Animal models of COPD: What do they tell us? Respirology 2016; 22:21-32. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Jones
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs; Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; London UK
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs; Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; London UK
| | - Gang Liu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs; Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; London UK
| | - Henry M. Gomez
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs; Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; London UK
| | - Vrushali Chimankar
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs; Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; London UK
| | - Celeste L. Harrison
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs; Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; London UK
| | - Cornelis H. Wiegman
- The Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- The Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - Darryl A. Knight
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs; Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; London UK
| | - Jeremy A. Hirota
- James Hogg Research Centre; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs; Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; London UK
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Diaz-Castro J, Pulido-Moran M, Moreno-Fernandez J, Kajarabille N, de Paco C, Garrido-Sanchez M, Prados S, Ochoa JJ. Gender specific differences in oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling in healthy term neonates and their mothers. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:595-601. [PMID: 27331351 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gender is a crucial determinant of life span, but little is known about gender differences in free radical homeostasis and inflammatory signaling. The aim of the study was to determine gender-related differences concerning oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling of healthy neonates and mothers. METHODS Fifty-six mothers with normal gestational course and spontaneous delivery were selected. Blood samples were collected from the mother (at the beginning of delivery and start of expulsive period) and from neonate (from umbilical cord vein and artery). RESULTS The mothers of girls featured a higher total antioxidant status and lower plasma hydroperoxides than the mother of boys. Regarding the neonates, the girls featured a higher total antioxidant status and lower plasma membrane hydroperoxides in umbilical cord artery together with higher catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities. Lower levels of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and prostaglandin E2 were observed in the mothers of girls and higher level of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II. In the neonates, lower levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were observed in umbilical artery and higher soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II in umbilical cord vein and artery of girls. CONCLUSION An association between gender, oxidative stress, and inflammation signaling exists, leading to a renewed interest in the neonate's sex as a potential risk factor to several alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Diaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mario Pulido-Moran
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Naroa Kajarabille
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Catalina de Paco
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain.,Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Garrido-Sanchez
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain.,Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Sonia Prados
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Spain.,Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio J Ochoa
- Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Condoluci A, Mazzara C, Zoccoli A, Pezzuto A, Tonini G. Impact of smoking on lung cancer treatment effectiveness: a review. Future Oncol 2016; 12:2149-61. [PMID: 27424719 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2015-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco smoke contains more than 4000 detectable substances, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nicotine, carbon monoxide and heavy metals, which are considered powerful enzymatic inducers that have notable influence on the efficacy and tolerability of many medications through complex pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions. As a result, adjustments of drug dosages are required in smokers, both if they continue to smoke or if they quit after smoking cessation treatment. The purpose of this review is to examine the main drug interactions with tobacco smoke clinically relevant, with a closer look on patients developing oncologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Calogero Mazzara
- Department of Oncology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Zoccoli
- Department of Oncology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Pezzuto
- Cardiovascular & Pulmonary Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tonini
- Department of Oncology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Kokturk N, Kilic H, Baha A, Lee SD, Jones PW. Sex Difference in Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Does it Matter? A Concise Review. COPD 2016; 13:799-806. [PMID: 27398767 DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2016.1199666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) primarily affects men; however, its epidemiology has been changing because more women have become smokers. Recently, investigators found that although women and men were exposed to the same amount of smoke fume, women tended to have more severe disease and higher mortality rate. They also complain of more dyspnoea and may experience more severe exacerbations than men. This led to the question of whether sex has an impact on COPD course and whether women have a higher susceptibility to smoke fumes than men. That may be explained by multiple complex factors highlighting the relationship between sex, epidemiology, method of diagnostics and the clinical course of the disease. In this review, sex differences in epidemiology, clinical presentation, exacerbation, co-morbidities and treatment are covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurdan Kokturk
- a Department of Pulmonary Medicine , School of Medicine, Gazi University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Hatice Kilic
- b Clinic of Chest Diseases , Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ayse Baha
- c Department of Pulmonary Medicine , School of Medicine, Ufuk University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - S D Lee
- d Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine , Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Paul W Jones
- e Department of Pulmonology, Clinical Science Center , St George University School of Medicine , London , UK
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45
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Severity of Menopausal Symptoms and Nicotine Dependence amongst Postmenopausal Women Smokers. J Smok Cessat 2016. [DOI: 10.1017/jsc.2016.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cigarette smoking has antiestrogenic properties, which may worsen the symptoms and health risks associated with menopause.Objectives: In the present study, it was hypothesised that menopausal symptoms would improve with smoking abstinence.Methods: Postmenopausal smokers (n = 76) were assessed with the Kupperman Index (KI) of menopausal symptoms and smoking-related indices of nicotine dependence, cotinine level, cigarettes per day (CPD), and number of years smoking.Results: Participants were 67% Caucasian, 33% African-American, 52.3(SD = 7.8) mean years of age, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level, m = 42.6(SD = 25.7) mlU/ml, mean number of months since last menses was 145.1(SD = 118.9), and mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.4(SD = 6.2). Mean cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) was 20.3(SD = 11.5), for m = 29.4(SD = 10.7) years; m = 6.4(SD = 2.1) Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), m = 23.8(SD = 13.0) ppm carbon monoxide, and m = 19.7(SD = 12.5) KI total score. Most participants (78.9%) were currently taking hormone therapy (HT). Hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that FTND (β = 0.48, p = 0.001) and cotinine level (β = −0.27, p = 0.02) predicted KI scores at baseline. Amongst participants (n = 65) who achieved abstinence for 2 weeks, number of years smoking predicted KI scores (β = 0.38, p = 0.01). At 8 weeks postcessation, CPD significantly predicted of KI scores (β = −0.74), p = 0.04).Conclusions: With abstinence from smoking, the overall severity of menopausal symptoms decreased and shared variance with different smoking-related variables. The temporal and cessation-related symptom course identified in this study will be important in informing cessation interventions with this population of smokers.
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Wheaton AG, Pleasants RA, Croft JB, Ohar JA, Heidari K, Mannino DM, Liu Y, Strange C. Gender and asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome. J Asthma 2016; 53:720-31. [PMID: 27043854 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2016.1154072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess relationships between obstructive lung diseases, respiratory symptoms, and comorbidities by gender. METHODS Data from 12 594 adult respondents to the 2012 South Carolina Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System telephone survey were used. Five categories of chronic obstructive airway disease (OAD) were defined: former asthma only, current asthma only, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) only, asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), and none. Associations of these categories with respiratory symptoms (frequent productive cough, shortness of breath, and impaired physical activities due to breathing problems), overall health, and comorbidities were assessed using multivariable logistic regression for men and women. RESULTS Overall, 16.2% of men and 18.7% of women reported a physician diagnosis of COPD and/or asthma. Former asthma only was higher among men than women (4.9% vs. 3.2%, t-test p = 0.008). Current asthma only was more prevalent among women than men (7.2% vs. 4.7%, p < 0.001), as was ACOS (4.0% vs. 2.2%, p < 0.001). Having COPD only did not differ between women (4.3%) and men (4.4%). Adults with ACOS were most likely to report the 3 respiratory symptoms. COPD only and ACOS were associated with higher likelihoods of poor health and most comorbidities for men and women. Current asthma only was also associated with these outcomes among women, but not among men. CONCLUSIONS In this large population-based sample, women were more likely than men to report ACOS and current asthma, but not COPD alone. Gender differences were evident between the OAD groups in sociodemographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms, and comorbidities, as well as overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne G Wheaton
- a Division of Population Health , National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Roy A Pleasants
- b Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine , Duke University School of Medicine , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Janet B Croft
- a Division of Population Health , National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Jill A Ohar
- c Section on Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy & Immunologic Disease , Wake Forest University School of Medicine , Winston Salem , NC , USA
| | - Khosrow Heidari
- d Chronic Disease Epidemiology Office , South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control , Columbia , SC , USA
| | - David M Mannino
- e Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine , Pulmonary Epidemiology Research Laboratory , University of Kentucky , Lexington , KY , USA
| | - Yong Liu
- a Division of Population Health , National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Charlie Strange
- f Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine , Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA
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Balgoma D, Yang M, Sjödin M, Snowden S, Karimi R, Levänen B, Merikallio H, Kaarteenaho R, Palmberg L, Larsson K, Erle DJ, Dahlén SE, Dahlén B, Sköld CM, Wheelock ÅM, Wheelock CE. Linoleic acid-derived lipid mediators increase in a female-dominated subphenotype of COPD. Eur Respir J 2016; 47:1645-56. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01080-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of mortality; however, the role of inflammatory mediators in its pathobiology remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of gender in COPD on lipid mediator levels.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum were obtained from healthy never-smokers, smokers and COPD patients (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage I–II/A–B) (n=114). 94 lipid mediators derived from the cytochrome-P450, lipoxygenase, and cyclooxygenase pathways were analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.Multivariate modelling identified a 9-lipid panel in BALF that classified female smokers with COPD from healthy female smokers (p=6×10−6). No differences were observed for the corresponding male population (p=1.0). These findings were replicated in an independent cohort with 92% accuracy (p=0.005). The strongest drivers were the cytochrome P450-derived epoxide products of linoleic acid (leukotoxins) and their corresponding soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-derived products (leukotoxin-diols). These species correlated with lung function (r=0.87; p=0.0009) and mRNA levels of enzymes putatively involved in their biosynthesis (r=0.96; p=0.003). Leukotoxin levels correlated with goblet cell abundance (r=0.72; p=0.028).These findings suggest a mechanism by which goblet cell-associated cytochrome-P450 and sEH activity produce elevated leukotoxin-diol levels, which play a putative role in the clinical manifestations of COPD in a female-dominated disease sub-phenotype.
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Impact of CYP1A1 Polymorphisms on Susceptibility to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:942958. [PMID: 26425562 PMCID: PMC4573875 DOI: 10.1155/2015/942958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Several studies have evaluated the association between CYP1A1 polymorphisms and the susceptibility of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with inconclusive results. We performed the first comprehensive meta-analysis to summarize the association between CYP1A1 polymorphisms and COPD risk. Method. A systematic literature search was conducted (up to April 2015) in five online databases: PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WeiPu, and WanFang databases. The strength of association was calculated by odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. Seven case-control studies with 1050 cases and 1202 controls were included. Our study suggested a significant association between the MspI polymorphism and COPD risk (CC versus TC + TT: OR = 1.57, CI: 1.09–2.26, P = 0.02; CC versus TT: OR = 1.73, CI: 1.18–2.55, P = 0.005). For the Ile/Val polymorphism, a significant association with COPD risk was observed (GG versus AG + AA: OR = 2.75, CI: 1.29–5.84, P = 0.009; GG versus AA: OR = 3.23, CI: 1.50–6.93, P = 0.003; AG versus AA: OR = 1.39, CI: 1.01–1.90, P = 0.04). Subgroup analysis indicated a significant association between the MspI variation and COPD risk among Asians (CC versus TC + TT: OR = 1.70, CI: 1.06–2.71, P = 0.03; CC versus TT: OR = 1.84, CI: 1.11–3.06, P = 0.02). Conclusion. The MspI and Ile/Val polymorphisms might alter the susceptibility of COPD, and MspI polymorphism might play a role in COPD risk among Asian population.
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Kilic H, Kokturk N, Sari G, Cakır M. Do females behave differently in COPD exacerbation? Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 10:823-30. [PMID: 25977604 PMCID: PMC4418390 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s78952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about whether there is any sex effect on chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) exacerbations. This study is intended to describe the possible sex-associated differences in exacerbation profile in COPD patients. METHODS A total of 384 COPD patients who were hospitalized due to exacerbation were evaluated retrospectively for their demographics and previous and current exacerbation characteristics. RESULTS The study was conducted on 109 (28%) female patients and 275 (72%) male patients. The mean age was 68.30±10.46 years. Although females had better forced expiratory volume in 1 second and near-normal forced vital capacity, they had much impaired arterial blood gas levels (partial oxygen pressure [PO2] was 36.28 mmHg vs 57.93 mmHg; partial carbon dioxide pressure [PCO2] was 45.97 mmHg vs 42.49 mmHg; P=0.001), indicating severe exacerbation with respiratory failure. More females had two exacerbations and two hospitalizations, while more men had one exacerbation and one hospitalization. Low adherence to treatment and pulmonary embolism were more frequent in females. Females had longer time from the onset of symptoms till the admission and longer hospitalization duration than males. Comorbidities were less in number and different in women (P<0.05). Women were undertreated and using more oral corticosteroids. CONCLUSION Current data showed that female COPD patients might be more prone to have severe exacerbations, a higher number of hospitalizations, and prolonged length of stay for hospitalization. They have a different comorbidity profile and might be undertreated for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Kilic
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ankara Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Kokturk
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, School of Medicine, Gazi University School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Sari
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Dr. Nafiz Körez Sincan Devlet Hastanesi, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cakır
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Mehari A, Gillum RF. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in African- and European-American women: morbidity, mortality and healthcare utilization in the USA. Expert Rev Respir Med 2015; 9:161-70. [DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2015.1016502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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