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Kushary S, Cao X, Ghosh T, Roy PK. A mathematical insight to control the disease psoriasis using mesenchymal stem cell transplantation with a biologic inhibitor. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21897. [PMID: 39300232 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, non-contagious, immune-mediated skin disorder. Inflammation of the skin's surface is characterised by scaly white, red, or silvery spots that occur due to the hyper-proliferation of keratinocytes in the epidermal layer. Primarily, pharmaceutical drugs or immune therapy are used to treat psoriasis. We are all aware that, certain therapeutic strategies can have some adverse effects, and over time, that hidden inflammation may manifest. This article introduces a mathematical model for psoriasis, formulated by employing a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that describe the densities of T-cells, dendritic cells (DCs), keratinocytes, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) as basic cell populations. A tumor necrosis factor- α ( T N F - α ) inhibitor has been imposed from the initial stage of the treatment regime, using the optimal control theoretic approach, and the numerical results have been observed. After 80 days of monitoring using only biologic T N F - α inhibitors, if this approach did not provide the intended outcomes (when severity arises), stem cells are administered a few times in a pulsed manner as a cell replacement technique in addition to this anti T N F - α medicine. We have observed the combined therapeutic benefit of stem cell replacement with a T N F - α inhibitor from a mathematical point of view. The theoretical analysis and the numerical results revealed that stem cell transplantation, along with a T N F - α inhibitor, is a promising psoriasis treatment option moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Kushary
- Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Xianbing Cao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Tushar Ghosh
- Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India
| | - Priti Kumar Roy
- Department of Mathematics, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700032, India.
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2
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Sharma RK, Sharma MR, Singh S, Mahendra A, Kumar A, Sharma SP, Kapur V, Sharma AK. Dysbiosis of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory salivary cytokines during psoriasis providing a therapeutic window and a valuable diagnostic aid in future. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2024. [PMID: 39267495 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this article is to evaluate the salivary levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and IL-10 in patients with active psoriasis and compare them with those in healthy control subjects. This study included 60 subjects who were clinically diagnosed cases with active psoriasis (categorized further into 33 mild to moderate and 27 severe cases based on the Psoriasis Area Severity Index score) and 60 age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. Levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-10 in the unstimulated saliva of subjects were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BT Lab). The salivary levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2 were significantly higher, whereas IL-10 concentration was significantly reduced in psoriatic patients in comparison to controls, and the difference increased with the progressing severity of the disease. Assessment of cytokine profiles in psoriasis patients is significant for diagnostic validation and monitoring the disease severity. Saliva offers an alternate, noninvasive, and readily available biological sample for evaluating cytokine levels. Extensive research in this field has been recommended for better scientifically proven conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kant Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manu Rashmi Sharma
- Department of Health and Planning, ESI Hospital, Una, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Simranjit Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aneet Mahendra
- Department of Dermatology, MMIMSR, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Aman Kumar
- Department of Urology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Surya Prakash Sharma
- Eye Research Laboratory, Advanced Eye Centre, PGIMER, Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vinay Kapur
- Department of General Medicine, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity School of Biological Sciences, Amity University Punjab, Mohali, India
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Sandoval AGW, Mahajan A, Buzney E. Phototherapy for Psoriasis in the Age of Biologics. Dermatol Clin 2024; 42:399-404. [PMID: 38796271 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Phototherapy has utility as a psoriatic therapy, given its relatively high clinical efficacy, low side effect profile, and lower cost compared to newer effective treatments like biologics and small molecules. Phototherapy has shown Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI)-75 and PASI-90 rates comparable to those of biologics and small molecules, with similarly rapid onsets of action, rates of remission, and quality of life scores. Certain patients may particularly benefit from phototherapy, such as those with localized disease or contraindications to systemic immunomodulatory medication. Phototherapy can be more cost-effective than biologics and conveniently administered at home, making it a valuable therapeutic option for the right patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arjun Mahajan
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth Buzney
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Alsabbagh MM. Cytokines in psoriasis: From pathogenesis to targeted therapy. Hum Immunol 2024; 85:110814. [PMID: 38768527 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2024.110814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial disease that affects 0.84% of the global population and it can be associated with disabling comorbidities. As patients present with thick scaly lesions, psoriasis was long believed to be a disorder of keratinocytes. Psoriasis is now understood to be the outcome of the interaction between immunological and environmental factors in individuals with genetic predisposition. While it was initially thought to be solely mediated by cytokines of type-1 immunity, namely interferon-γ, interleukin-2, and interleukin-12 because it responds very well to cyclosporine, a reversible IL-2 inhibitor; the discovery of Th-17 cells advanced the understanding of the disease and helped the development of biological therapy. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the role of cytokines in psoriasis, highlighting areas of controversy and identifying the connection between cytokine imbalance and disease manifestations. It also presents the approved targeted treatments for psoriasis and those currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manahel Mahmood Alsabbagh
- Princess Al-Jawhara Center for Molecular Medicine and Inherited Disorders and Department of Molecular Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
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Sharma RK, Sharma MR, Mahendra A, Sood S, Kumar A, Sharma AK. Cytokine profile in the saliva of patients with active psoriasis revealed significant upregulation of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2 and downregulation of IL-10. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:289. [PMID: 38809371 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-02981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kant Sharma
- Department of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India.
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Manu Rashmi Sharma
- Department of Health and Planning, ESI Hospital, Tahliwal, Una, H.P, India
| | - Aneet Mahendra
- Department of Dermatology, MMIMSR, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, 133207, India
| | - Shaveta Sood
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aman Kumar
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Amity University Punjab, Mohali, 140306, India.
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Dascălu RC, Bărbulescu AL, Stoica LE, Dinescu ȘC, Biță CE, Popoviciu HV, Ionescu RA, Vreju FA. Review: A Contemporary, Multifaced Insight into Psoriasis Pathogenesis. J Pers Med 2024; 14:535. [PMID: 38793117 PMCID: PMC11122105 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory autoimmune pathology with a significant genetic component and several interferences of immunological cells and their cytokines. The complex orchestration of psoriasis pathogenesis is related to the synergic effect of immune cells, polygenic alterations, autoantigens, and several other external factors. The major act of the IL-23/IL-17 axis, strongly influencing the inflammatory pattern established during the disease activity, is visible as a continuous perpetuation of the pro-inflammatory response and keratinocyte activation and proliferation, leading to the development of psoriatic lesions. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) offer a better view of psoriasis pathogenic pathways, with approximately one-third of psoriasis's genetic impact on psoriasis development associated with the MHC region, with genetic loci located on chromosome 6. The most eloquent genetic factor of psoriasis, PSORS1, was identified in the MHC I site. Among the several factors involved in its complex etiology, dysbiosis, due to genetic or external stimulus, induces a burst of pro-inflammatory consequences; both the cutaneous and gut microbiome get involved in the psoriasis pathogenic process. Cutting-edge research studies and comprehensive insights into psoriasis pathogenesis, fostering novel genetic, epigenetic, and immunological factors, have generated a spectacular improvement over the past decades, securing the path toward a specific and targeted immunotherapeutic approach and delayed progression to inflammatory arthritis. This review aimed to offer insight into various domains that underline the pathogenesis of psoriasis and how they influence disease development and evolution. The pathogenesis mechanism of psoriasis is multifaceted and involves an interplay of cellular and humoral immunity, which affects susceptible microbiota and the genetic background. An in-depth understanding of the role of pathogenic factors forms the basis for developing novel and individualized therapeutic targets that can improve disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucsandra Cristina Dascălu
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.C.D.); (C.E.B.); (F.A.V.)
| | - Andreea Lili Bărbulescu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Loredana Elena Stoica
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Ștefan Cristian Dinescu
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.C.D.); (C.E.B.); (F.A.V.)
| | - Cristina Elena Biță
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.C.D.); (C.E.B.); (F.A.V.)
| | - Horațiu Valeriu Popoviciu
- Department of Rheumatology, BFK and Medical Rehabilitation, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Mures, Romania;
| | - Răzvan Adrian Ionescu
- Third Internal Medicine Department, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Florentin Ananu Vreju
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.C.D.); (C.E.B.); (F.A.V.)
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Zhu Q, Zhao L, Ding H, Song J, Zhang Q, Yu S, Wang Y, Wang H. Interleukins and Psoriasis. J Cutan Med Surg 2024; 28:NP19-NP35. [PMID: 38314729 DOI: 10.1177/12034754241227623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 2% to 3% of the world's population. It is widely assumed that immune cells and cytokines acting together play a crucial part in the pathophysiology of psoriasis by promoting the excessive proliferation of skin keratinocytes and inflammatory infiltration. Interleukins (ILs), as a critical component of cytokines, have been closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of psoriasis. This review summarizes the current contribution of ILs to psoriasis and describes the role each IL performs in psoriasis. Furthermore, the paper presents the therapeutic effects and application prospects of biologics developed for ILs in clinical treatment and experiments. The study aims to further the research on ILs in the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Linna Zhao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Haining Ding
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingna Song
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuhua Yu
- Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Morin S, Bélanger S, Cortez Ghio S, Pouliot R. Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces the proportion of IL-17A-producing T cells in a 3D psoriatic skin model. J Lipid Res 2023; 64:100428. [PMID: 37597582 PMCID: PMC10509711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a skin disease presenting as erythematous lesions with accentuated proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes, infiltration of leukocytes, and dysregulated lipid metabolism. T cells play essential roles in the disease. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are anti-inflammatory metabolites, which exert an immunosuppressive effect on healthy T cells. However, the precise mechanistic processes of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on T cells in psoriasis are still unrevealed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the action of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on T cells in a psoriatic skin model produced with T cells. A coculture of psoriatic keratinocytes and polarized T cells was prepared using culture media, which was either supplemented with 10 μM EPA or left unsupplemented. Healthy and psoriatic skin substitutes were produced according to the self-assembly method. In the coculture model, EPA reduced the proportion of IL-17A-positive cells, while increasing that of FOXP3-positive cells, suggesting an increase in the polarization of regulatory T cells. In the 3D psoriatic skin model, EPA normalized the proliferation of psoriatic keratinocytes and diminished the levels of IL-17A. The expression of the proteins of the signal transducer and activator of transcription was influenced following EPA supplementation with downregulation of the phosphorylation levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in the dermis. Finally, the NFκB signaling pathway was modified in the EPA-supplemented substitutes with an increase in Fas amounts. Ultimately, our results suggest that in this psoriatic model, EPA exerts its anti-inflammatory action by decreasing the proportion of IL-17A-producing T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Morin
- Center for Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Axis, CHU of Quebec/Laval University Research Center, Qu ebec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Bélanger
- Center for Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Axis, CHU of Quebec/Laval University Research Center, Qu ebec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | | | - Roxane Pouliot
- Center for Research in Experimental Organogenesis of Laval University/LOEX, Regenerative Medicine Axis, CHU of Quebec/Laval University Research Center, Qu ebec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.
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9
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Sivasami P, Elkins C, Diaz-Saldana PP, Goss K, Peng A, Hamersky M, Bae J, Xu M, Pollack BP, Horwitz EM, Scharer CD, Seldin L, Li C. Obesity-induced dysregulation of skin-resident PPARγ + Treg cells promotes IL-17A-mediated psoriatic inflammation. Immunity 2023; 56:1844-1861.e6. [PMID: 37478855 PMCID: PMC10527179 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for psoriasis, but how obesity disrupts the regulatory mechanisms that keep skin inflammation in check is unclear. Here, we found that skin was enriched with a unique population of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells expressing the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). PPARγ drove a distinctive transcriptional program and functional suppression of IL-17A+ γδ T cell-mediated psoriatic inflammation. Diet-induced obesity, however, resulted in a reduction of PPARγ+ skin Treg cells and a corresponding loss of control over IL-17A+ γδ T cell-mediated inflammation. Mechanistically, PPARγ+ skin Treg cells preferentially took up elevated levels of long-chain free fatty acids in obese mice, which led to cellular lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Harnessing the anti-inflammatory properties of these PPARγ+ skin Treg cells could have therapeutic potential for obesity-associated inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulavendran Sivasami
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Cody Elkins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Pamela P Diaz-Saldana
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Kyndal Goss
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Amy Peng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael Hamersky
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jennifer Bae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Miaoer Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Brian P Pollack
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA; Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Edwin M Horwitz
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Christopher D Scharer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lindsey Seldin
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA; Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Chaoran Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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González-Chávez SA, López-Loeza SM, Acosta-Jiménez S, Cuevas-Martínez R, Pacheco-Silva C, Chaparro-Barrera E, Pacheco-Tena C. Low-Intensity Physical Exercise Decreases Inflammation and Joint Damage in the Preclinical Phase of a Rheumatoid Arthritis Murine Model. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030488. [PMID: 36979423 PMCID: PMC10046494 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle modifications in preclinical Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) could delay the ongoing pathogenic immune processes and potentially prevent its onset. Physical exercise (PE) benefits RA patients; however, its impact in reducing the risk of developing RA has scarcely been studied. The objective was to describe the effects of low-intensity PE applied at the disease’s preclinical phase on the joints of DBA/1 mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Twelve mice with CIA were randomly distributed into two groups: the CIA-Ex group, which undertook treadmill PE, and the CIA-NoEx, which was not exercised. The effects of PE were evaluated through clinical, histological, transcriptomics, and immunodetection analyses in the mice’s hind paws. The CIA-Ex group showed lower joint inflammation and damage and a decreased expression of RA-related genes (Tnf Il2, Il10, Il12a, IL23a, and Tgfb1) and signaling pathways (Cytokines, Chemokines, JAK-STAT, MAPK, NF-kappa B, TNF, and TGF-beta). TNF-α expression was decreased by PE in the inflamed joints. Low-intensity PE in pre-arthritic CIA reduced the severity through joint down-expression of proinflammatory genes and proteins. Knowledge on the underlying mechanisms of PE in preclinical arthritis and its impact on reducing the risk of developing RA is still needed.
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Abstract
Barrier tissues are the primary site of infection for pathogens likely to cause future pandemics. Tissue-resident lymphocytes can rapidly detect pathogens upon infection of barrier tissues and are critical in preventing viral spread. However, most vaccines fail to induce tissue-resident lymphocytes and are instead reliant on circulating antibodies to mediate protective immunity. Circulating antibody titers wane over time following vaccination leaving individuals susceptible to breakthrough infections by variant viral strains that evade antibody neutralization. Memory B cells were recently found to establish tissue residence following infection of barrier tissues. Here, we summarize emerging evidence for the importance of tissue-resident memory B cells in the establishment of protective immunity against viral and bacterial challenge. We also discuss the role of tissue-resident memory B cells in regulating the progression of non-infectious diseases. Finally, we examine new approaches to develop vaccines capable of eliciting barrier immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfeng Chen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Brian J Laidlaw
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
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12
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Wang R, Zhang X, Wang S. Differential genotypes of TNF-α and IL-10 for immunological diagnosis in discoid lupus erythematosus and oral lichen planus: A narrative review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:967281. [PMID: 35990645 PMCID: PMC9389012 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.967281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Discoid lupus erythematosus and oral lichen planus are chronic systemic immune system-mediated diseases with unclear etiology and pathogenesis. The oral mucosa is the common primary site of pathogenesis in both, whereby innate and adaptive immunity and inflammation play crucial roles. The clinical manifestations of discoid lupus erythematosus on the oral mucosa are very similar to those of oral lichen planus; therefore, its oral lesion is classified under oral lichenoid lesions. In practice, the differential diagnosis of discoid lupus erythematosus and oral lichen planus has always relied on the clinical manifestations, with histopathological examination as an auxiliary diagnostic tool. However, the close resemblance of the clinical manifestations and histopathology proves challenging for accurate differential diagnosis and further treatment. In most cases, dentists and pathologists fail to distinguish between the conditions during the early stages of the lesions. It should be noted that both are considered to be precancerous conditions, highlighting the significance of early diagnosis and treatment. In the context of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, we suggest a serological and genetic diagnostic method based on TNF-α and IL-10. These are the two most common cytokines produced by the innate and adaptive immune systems and they play a fundamental role in maintaining immune homeostasis and modulating inflammation. The prominent variability in their expression levels and gene polymorphism typing in different lesions compensates for the low specificity of current conventional diagnostic protocols. This new diagnostic scheme, starting from the immunity and inflammation of the oral mucosa, enables simultaneous comparison of discoid lupus erythematosus and oral lichen planus. With relevant supportive evidence, this information can enhance physicians’ understanding of the two diseases, contribute to precision medicine, and aid in prevention of precancerous conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochong Wang
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Emergency Department, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Siyu Wang,
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13
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Czaja AJ. Immune Inhibitory Properties and Therapeutic Prospects of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta and Interleukin 10 in Autoimmune Hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:1163-1186. [PMID: 33835375 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-021-06968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin 10 have diverse immune inhibitory properties that have restored homeostatic defense mechanisms in experimental models of autoimmune disease. The goals of this review are to describe the actions of each cytokine, review their investigational use in animal models and patients, and indicate their prospects as interventions in autoimmune hepatitis. English abstracts were identified in PubMed by multiple search terms. Full-length articles were selected for review, and secondary and tertiary bibliographies were developed. Transforming growth factor-beta expands the natural and inducible populations of regulatory T cells, limits the proliferation of natural killer cells, suppresses the activation of naïve CD8+ T cells, decreases the production of interferon-gamma, and stimulates fibrotic repair. Interleukin 10 selectively inhibits the CD28 co-stimulatory signal for antigen recognition and impairs antigen-specific activation of uncommitted CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. It also inhibits maturation of dendritic cells, suppresses Th17 cells, supports regulatory T cells, and limits production of diverse pro-inflammatory cytokines. Contradictory immune stimulatory effects have been associated with each cytokine and may relate to the dose and accompanying cytokine milieu. Experimental findings have not translated into successful early clinical trials. The recombinant preparation of each agent in low dosage has been safe in human studies. In conclusion, transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin 10 have powerful immune inhibitory actions of potential therapeutic value in autoimmune hepatitis. The keys to their therapeutic application will be to match their predominant non-redundant function with the pivotal pathogenic mechanism or cytokine deficiency and to avoid contradictory immune stimulatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert J Czaja
- Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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14
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CD4 + T-cell-derived IL-10 promotes CNS inflammation in mice by sustaining effector T cell survival. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110565. [PMID: 35354043 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-10 is considered a prototypical anti-inflammatory cytokine, significantly contributing to the maintenance and reestablishment of immune homeostasis. Accordingly, it has been shown in the intestine that IL-10 produced by Tregs can act on effector T cells, thereby limiting inflammation. Herein, we investigate whether this role also applies to IL-10 produced by T cells during central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. During neuroinflammation, both CNS-resident and -infiltrating cells produce IL-10; yet, as IL-10 has a pleotropic function, the exact contribution of the different cellular sources is not fully understood. We find that T-cell-derived IL-10, but not other relevant IL-10 sources, can promote inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Furthermore, in the CNS, T-cell-derived IL-10 acts on effector T cells, promoting their survival and thereby enhancing inflammation and CNS autoimmunity. Our data indicate a pro-inflammatory role of T-cell-derived IL-10 in the CNS.
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15
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Rodrigues de Souza I, Savio de Araujo-Souza P, Morais Leme D. Genetic variants affecting chemical mediated skin immunotoxicity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2022; 25:43-95. [PMID: 34979876 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2021.2013372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The skin is an immune-competent organ and this function may be impaired by exposure to chemicals, which may ultimately result in immune-mediated dermal disorders. Interindividual variability to chemical-induced skin immune reactions is associated with intrinsic individual characteristics and their genomes. In the last 30-40 years, several genes influencing susceptibility to skin immune reactions were identified. The aim of this review is to provide information regarding common genetic variations affecting skin immunotoxicity. The polymorphisms selected for this review are related to xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (CYPA1 and CYPB1 genes), antioxidant defense (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes), aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway (AHR and ARNT genes), skin barrier function transepidermal water loss (FLG, CASP14, and SPINK5 genes), inflammation (TNF, IL10, IL6, IL18, IL31, and TSLP genes), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and neuroendocrine system peptides (CALCA, TRPV1, ACE genes). These genes present variants associated with skin immune responses and diseases, as well as variants associated with protecting skin immune homeostasis following chemical exposure. The molecular and association studies focusing on these genetic variants may elucidate their functional consequences and contribution in the susceptibility to skin immunotoxicity. Providing information on how genetic variations affect the skin immune system may reduce uncertainties in estimating chemical hazards/risks for human health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Morais Leme
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, Brazil
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16
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Kutwin M, Migdalska-Sęk M, Brzeziańska-Lasota E, Zelga P, Woźniacka A. An Analysis of IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17RA, IL-23A and IL-23R Expression and Their Correlation with Clinical Course in Patients with Psoriasis. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5834. [PMID: 34945130 PMCID: PMC8704681 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Being one of the most common dermatological inflammatory disorders, psoriasis is a frequent subject of research. It is considered to be a T cell-dependent immune disease whose pathogenesis is influenced by cytokines, such as IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17RA, IL-23A and IL-23R. The present study examines whether the expression of selected genes is correlated with the clinical course of psoriasis, assessed by the PASI, BSA and DLQI scales. Skin biopsies and blood from 60 patients with psoriasis and 24 healthy controls were obtained for RNA isolation. These were subjected to RT-PCR for IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17RA, IL-23A and IL-23R genes. The results were presented as an RQ value. IL-17A and IL-23R expression levels were higher in psoriatic skin compared to controls, while IL-10 expression was lower. A positive correlation was also found between RQ for IL-23A and PASI index. Psoriatic skin is characterised by elevated expression of IL-17A and IL-23R and decreased expression of IL-10. This indicates that the selected cytokines may be one of the factors involved in the pathogenesis and pathomechanism of psoriasis, but more studies need to be made before we can elucidate the exact reason for the unbalance in cytokine expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kutwin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Monika Migdalska-Sęk
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (E.B.-L.)
| | - Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (M.M.-S.); (E.B.-L.)
| | - Piotr Zelga
- Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
| | - Anna Woźniacka
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland;
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17
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Chen HL, Zeng YB, Zhang ZY, Kong CY, Zhang SL, Li ZM, Huang JT, Xu YY, Mao YQ, Cai PR, Han B, Wang WQ, Wang LS. Gut and Cutaneous Microbiome Featuring Abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri Protected Against Psoriasis-Like Inflammation in Mice. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6175-6190. [PMID: 34853526 PMCID: PMC8627893 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s337031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is a chronic autoinflammatory skin disease, and its aetiology remains incompletely understood. Recently, gut microbial dysbiosis is found to be tightly associated with psoriasis. Objective We sought to reveal the causal role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in psoriasis pathogenesis and investigate the protective effect of healthy commensal bacteria against imiquimod -induced psoriasis-like skin response. Methods By using fecal microbial transplantation (FMT), 16S rRNA gene-based taxonomic profiling and Lactobacillus supplement, we have assessed the effect of FMT from healthy individuals on psoriasis-like skin inflammation and associated immune disorders in imiquimod-induced psoriasis mice. Results Here, by using psoriasis mice humanized with the stools from healthy donors and psoriasis patients, the imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice with psoriasis patient stool was found to be significantly aggravated as compared to the mice with healthy donor stools. Further analysis showed fecal microbiota of healthy individuals protected against Treg/Th17 imbalance in psoriasis. Moreover, we found the gut and skin microbiome in mice receipted with gut microbiota of healthy individuals (HD) differed from those of mice receipted with gut microbiota of psoriasis patients (PSD). 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that Lactobacillus reuteri was greatly enriched in fecal and cutaneous microbiome of HD mice as compared to PSD mice. Intriguingly, supplement with Lactobacillus reuteri was sufficient to increase the expression of anti-inflammatory gene IL-10, reduce Th17 cells counts and confer resistance to imiquimod-induced inflammation on the mice with gut microbiota dysbiosis. Conclusion Our results suggested that the gut microbiota dysbiosis is the potential causal factor for psoriasis and the gut microbiota may serve as promising therapy target for psoriasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Chen
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Bin Zeng
- Dermatological Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Yan Zhang
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Yue Kong
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Long Zhang
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Ming Li
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ting Huang
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Yun Xu
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Qin Mao
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ran Cai
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Han
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Qing Wang
- Dermatological Department, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Shun Wang
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Gut Microbiota, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, People's Republic of China
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18
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Youwakim J, Girouard H. Inflammation: A Mediator Between Hypertension and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Am J Hypertens 2021; 34:1014-1030. [PMID: 34136907 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpab094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the most prevalent and modifiable risk factor for stroke, vascular cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the mechanistic link between hypertension and neurodegenerative diseases remains to be understood. Recent evidence indicates that inflammation is a common pathophysiological trait for both hypertension and neurodegenerative diseases. Low-grade chronic inflammation at the systemic and central nervous system levels is now recognized to contribute to the physiopathology of hypertension. This review speculates that inflammation represents a mediator between hypertension and neurodegenerative diseases, either by a decrease in cerebral blood flow or a disruption of the blood-brain barrier which will, in turn, let inflammatory cells and neurotoxic molecules enter the brain parenchyma. This may impact brain functions including cognition and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. This review will thus discuss the relationship between hypertension, systemic inflammation, cerebrovascular functions, neuroinflammation, and brain dysfunctions. The potential clinical future of immunotherapies against hypertension and associated cerebrovascular risks will also be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Youwakim
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l’apprentissage (CIRCA); Montreal, QC, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Girouard
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur le cerveau et l’apprentissage (CIRCA); Montreal, QC, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche sur le Système Nerveux Central, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériaterie de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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19
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Xu X, Prens E, Florencia E, Leenen P, Boon L, Asmawidjaja P, Mus AM, Lubberts E. Interleukin-17A Drives IL-19 and IL-24 Expression in Skin Stromal Cells Regulating Keratinocyte Proliferation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:719562. [PMID: 34616394 PMCID: PMC8488340 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.719562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-17A has been shown to be up-regulated in psoriasis lesions and is central to psoriasis pathogenesis. IL-19, along with other IL-20 subfamily cytokines such as IL-20 and IL-24, is induced by IL-17A and contributes especially to epidermal hyperplasia in psoriasis. However, the regulation, cellular sources of IL-19 and whether targeting of IL-17A by biologics influence IL-19 expression is not completely understood. To investigate the regulation of IL-19 by IL-17A in psoriasis, the imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse (IMQ) model was used. Enhanced expression of IL-17A in the IMQ model was achieved by anti-IL-10 antibody treatment. Assessments of skin inflammation macroscopically, by histology and flow cytometry, all confirmed increased psoriatic symptoms. Interestingly, depletion of IL-10 markedly upregulated IL-23/IL-17 pathway related cytokines followed by a significant increase in IL-19 and IL-24. The up-regulation of IL-19 and IL-24, but not IL-17A, coincided with increased keratinocyte proliferation. To investigate the cellular source and effects of biologics on IL-19, human skin fibroblasts from healthy controls and psoriasis patients were cultured alone or co-cultured with activated memory CD4+ T cells. Besides IL-1β, IL-17A induced direct expression of IL-19 and IL-24 in skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Importantly, intrinsic higher expression of IL-19 in psoriatic skin fibroblasts was observed in comparison to healthy skin fibroblasts. Neutralization of IL-17A in the human skin fibroblast-T cell co-culture system significantly suppressed IL-19 and IL-24 expression. Together, our data show that IL-17A-induced IL-19 and IL-24 expression in skin stromal cells contribute to keratinocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Errol Prens
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Edwin Florencia
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pieter Leenen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Luis Boon
- Polypharma Biologics, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Patrick Asmawidjaja
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie Mus
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Erik Lubberts
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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20
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Landeck L, Sabat R, Ghoreschi K, Man XY, Fuhrmeister K, Gonzalez-Martinez E, Asadullah K. Immunotherapy in psoriasis. Immunotherapy 2021; 13:605-619. [PMID: 33820446 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2020-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, significant progress has been achieved in the treatment of psoriasis by targeting the human cytokine network. At present, 11 biologicals - antibodies, and a soluble receptor - are used to neutralize key inflammatory cytokines. Based on their targets, they can be grouped into the following four classes: TNF-α-, IL-12/23-, IL-17- and IL-23-inhibitors. The range of available substances, as well as their different modes of action can be challenging when selecting the right drug for an individual patient. In this article, we provide an overview of the approved biologicals for the treatment of psoriasis, including their advantages and limitations, and summarize criteria for therapy selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Landeck
- Department of Dermatology, Ernst von Bergmann General Hospital, Potsdam 14467, Germany
| | - Robert Sabat
- Psoriasis Research & Treatment Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiao-Yong Man
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | | | | | - Khusru Asadullah
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Practice for Dermatology & Immunology, Potsdam, Germany
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21
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Fujii K, Yamamoto Y, Mizutani Y, Saito K, Seishima M. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 2 Deficiency Exacerbates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5515. [PMID: 32752186 PMCID: PMC7432009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is an enzyme known to suppress immune responses, and several reports have showed that it is associated with psoriasis. IDO2 is an isoform of IDO1, recently identified as a catalytic enzyme in the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, which is expressed in dendritic cells and monocytes. The expression of IDO2 in immune cells suggests that IDO2 may contribute to immune functions. However, the role of IDO2 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains unclear. In this study, to elucidate the role of IDO2 in psoriasis, we assessed imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis in IDO2 knockout (KO) mice. Skin inflammation, evaluated by scoring erythema, scaling, and ear thickness, was significantly worse in the IDO2 KO mice than in the wild-type (WT) mice. The mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-23p19, and IL-17A, key cytokines involved in the development of psoriasis, were also increased in the IDO2 KO mice. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry revealed that the number of Ki67-positive cells in the epidermis and CD4-, CD8-, and IL-17-positive lymphocytes infiltrating the dermis were significantly increased in the IDO2 KO mice. These results suggest that IDO2 might decrease IL-17 expression, thereby resulting in the suppression of skin inflammation in IMQ-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Fujii
- Department of Dermatology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (Y.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Yasuko Yamamoto
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (Y.Y.); (K.S.)
| | - Yoko Mizutani
- Department of Dermatology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (Y.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Kuniaki Saito
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan; (Y.Y.); (K.S.)
| | - Mariko Seishima
- Department of Dermatology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagito, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (Y.M.); (M.S.)
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22
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Abstract
Phototherapeutic modalities induce apoptosis of keratinocytes and immune cells, impact cytokine production, downregulate the IL-23/Th17 axis, and induce regulatory T cells. As in anti-IL-17 or anti-IL-23 antibody treatment, the dual action of phototherapy on skin and the immune system is likely responsible for sustained resolution of lesions in diseases such as psoriasis. In cutaneous T cell lymphoma, phototherapy may function by causing tumor cell apoptosis and eliminating the neoplastic and inflammatory infiltrate. Further research on phototherapeutic mechanisms will help advance, optimize, and refine dermatologic treatments and may open up novel avenues for treatment strategies in dermatology and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizi Yu
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peter Wolf
- Department of Dermatology, Research Unit for Photodermatology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 8, Graz A-8036, Austria.
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23
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Abstract
Psoriasis is chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory disease with a multifactorial etiology that affects the skin tissue and causes the appearance of dry and scaly lesions of anywhere on the body. The study of the pathophysiology of psoriasis reveals a network of immune cells that, together with their cytokines, initiates a chronic inflammatory response. Previously attributed to T helper (Th)1 cytokines, currently the Th17 cytokine family is the major effector in the pathogenesis of psoriatic disease and strongly influences the inflammatory pattern established during the disease activity. In addition, the vast network of cells that orchestrates the pathophysiology makes psoriasis complex to study. Along with this, variations in genes that code the cytokines make psoriasis more clinically heterogeneous and present a challenge for the development of drugs that can be used in the treatment of the patients with this disease. Therefore, it is important to clarify the mechanisms by which the cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of psoriasis and how this knowledge is translated to the medical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche
- Research Laboratory in Applied Immunology, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Andréa Name Colado Simão
- Research Laboratory in Applied Immunology, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
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24
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Abstract
In mammals, adaptive immunity is mediated by a broadly diverse repertoire of naive B and T lymphocytes that recirculate between secondary lymphoid organs. Initial antigen exposure promotes lymphocyte clonal expansion and differentiation, including the formation of memory cells. Antigen-specific memory cells are maintained at higher frequencies than their naive counterparts and have different functional and homing abilities. Importantly, a subset of memory cells, known as tissue-resident memory cells, is maintained without recirculating in nonlymphoid tissues, often at barrier surfaces, where they can be reactivated by antigen and rapidly perform effector functions that help protect the tissue in which they reside. Although antigen-experienced B cells are abundant at many barrier surfaces, their characterization as tissue-resident memory B (BRM) cells is not well developed. In this study, we describe the characteristics of memory B cells in various locations and discuss their possible contributions to immunity and homeostasis as bona fide BRM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Rameeza Allie
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Troy D. Randall
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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25
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Grän F, Kerstan A, Serfling E, Goebeler M, Muhammad K. Current Developments in the Immunology of Psoriasis. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 93:97-110. [PMID: 32226340 PMCID: PMC7087066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a frequent inflammatory skin disease. Fundamental research on the pathogenesis of psoriasis has substantially increased our understanding of skin immunology, which has helped to introduce innovative and highly effective therapies. Psoriasis is a largely T lymphocyte-mediated disease in which activation of innate immune cells and pathogenic T cells result in skin inflammation and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. B cells have thus far largely been neglected regarding their role for the pathogenesis of psoriasis. However, recent data shed light on their role in inflammatory skin diseases. Interestingly, interleukin (IL)-10-producing regulatory B cells have been assumed to ameliorate psoriasis. In this review, we will discuss the development of disease, pathogenicity, and current developments in therapeutic options. We describe different roles of T cells, B cells, and cytokines for the immunopathology and disease course of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Grän
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Kerstan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Edgar Serfling
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Goebeler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Khalid Muhammad
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany,Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: K. Muhammad, Tel: +971 3 713 6517, Fax: +971 3 713 4927;
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Farid A, Tawfik A, Elsioufy B, Safwat G. Narrow band ultraviolet B therapy deactivates Th1/Th17 pathway and activates Th2 cytokines secretion in Egyptian psoriatic arthritis patients. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/16878507.2020.1742443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alyaa Farid
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Aya Tawfik
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Basil Elsioufy
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan Safwat
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
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27
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Debes GF, McGettigan SE. Skin-Associated B Cells in Health and Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 202:1659-1666. [PMID: 30833422 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1801211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally, the skin was believed to be devoid of B cells, and studies of the skin immune system have largely focused on other types of leukocytes. Exciting recent data show that B cells localize to the healthy skin of humans and other mammalian species with likely homeostatic functions in host defense, regulation of microbial communities, and wound healing. Distinct skin-associated B cell subsets drive or suppress cutaneous inflammatory responses with important clinical implications. Localized functions of skin-associated B cell subsets during inflammation comprise Ab production, interactions with skin T cells, tertiary lymphoid tissue formation, and production of proinflammatory cytokines but also include immunosuppression by providing IL-10. In this review, we delve into the intriguing new roles of skin-associated B cells in homeostasis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gudrun F Debes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
| | - Shannon E McGettigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107
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Bedke T, Muscate F, Soukou S, Gagliani N, Huber S. Title: IL-10-producing T cells and their dual functions. Semin Immunol 2019; 44:101335. [PMID: 31734129 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.101335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-10 is considered a prototypical anti-inflammatory cytokine, which significantly contributes to the maintenance and reestablishment of immune homeostasis. However, this classical view fails to fully describe the pleiotropic roles of IL-10. Indeed, IL-10 can also promote immune responses, e.g. by supporting B-cell and CD8+ T-cell activation. The reasons for these seemingly opposing functions are unclear to a large extent. Recent and previous studies suggest that the cellular source and the microenvironment impact the function of IL-10. However, studies addressing the mechanisms which determine whether IL-10 promotes inflammation or controls it have just begun. This review first summarizes the recent findings on the heterogeneity of IL-10 producing T cells and their impact on the target cells. Finally, we will propose two possible explanations for the dual functions of IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bedke
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Muscate
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shiwa Soukou
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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29
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Schön MP. Adaptive and Innate Immunity in Psoriasis and Other Inflammatory Disorders. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1764. [PMID: 31402919 PMCID: PMC6676248 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades, a considerable body of evidence has highlighted T cells as pivotal culprits in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This includes the association of psoriasis with certain MHC (HLA) alleles, oligoclonal expansion of T cells in some cases, therapeutic response to T cell-directed immunomodulation, the onset of psoriasis following bone marrow transplantation, or induction of psoriasis-like inflammation by T cells in experimental animals. There is accumulating clinical and experimental evidence suggesting that both autoimmune and autoinflammatory mechanisms lie at the core of the disease. Indeed, some studies suggested antigenic functions of structural proteins, and complexes of self-DNA with cathelicidin (LL37) or melanocytic ADAMTSL5 have been proposed more recently as actual auto-antigens in some cases of psoriasis. These findings are accompanied by various immunoregulatory mechanisms, which we increasingly understand and which connect innate and adaptive immunity. Specific adaptive autoimmune responses, together with our current view of psoriasis as a systemic inflammatory disorder, raise the question of whether psoriasis may have connections to autoimmune or autoinflammatory disorders elsewhere in the body. While such associations have been suspected for many years, compelling mechanistic evidence in support of this notion is still scant. This review sets into context the current knowledge about innate and adaptive immunological processes in psoriasis and other autoimmune or autoinflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Duncan SA, Dixit S, Sahu R, Martin D, Baganizi DR, Nyairo E, Villinger F, Singh SR, Dennis VA. Prolonged Release and Functionality of Interleukin-10 Encapsulated within PLA-PEG Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9081074. [PMID: 31357440 PMCID: PMC6723354 DOI: 10.3390/nano9081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation, as induced by the presence of cytokines and chemokines, is an integral part of chlamydial infections. The anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, has been reported to efficiently suppress the secretion of inflammatory cytokines triggered by Chlamydia in mouse macrophages. Though IL-10 is employed in clinical applications, its therapeutic usage is limited due to its short half-life. Here, we document the successful encapsulation of IL-10 within the biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles of PLA-PEG (Poly (lactic acid)-Poly (ethylene glycol), to prolong its half-life. Our results show the encapsulated-IL-10 size (~238 nm), zeta potential (−14.2 mV), polydispersity index (0.256), encapsulation efficiency (~77%), and a prolonged slow release pattern up to 60 days. Temperature stability of encapsulated-IL-10 was favorable, demonstrating a heat capacity of up to 89 °C as shown by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Encapsulated-IL-10 modulated the release of IL-6 and IL-12p40 in stimulated macrophages in a time- and concentration-dependent fashion, and differentially induced SOCS1 and SOCS3 as induced by chlamydial stimulants in macrophages. Our finding offers the tremendous potential for encapsulated-IL-10 not only for chlamydial inflammatory diseases but also biomedical therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skyla A Duncan
- Center for NanoBiotechnology & Life Sciences Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 South Jackson Street, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Saurabh Dixit
- Center for NanoBiotechnology & Life Sciences Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 South Jackson Street, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Rajnish Sahu
- Center for NanoBiotechnology & Life Sciences Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 South Jackson Street, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - David Martin
- Center for NanoBiotechnology & Life Sciences Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 South Jackson Street, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Dieudonné R Baganizi
- Center for NanoBiotechnology & Life Sciences Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 South Jackson Street, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Elijah Nyairo
- Center for NanoBiotechnology & Life Sciences Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 South Jackson Street, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Francois Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 4401 W Admiral Doyle Drive, New Iberia, LA 70560, USA
| | - Shree R Singh
- Center for NanoBiotechnology & Life Sciences Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 South Jackson Street, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Vida A Dennis
- Center for NanoBiotechnology & Life Sciences Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 915 South Jackson Street, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA.
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Betulinic acid suppresses Th17 response and ameliorates psoriasis-like murine skin inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:343-352. [PMID: 31129421 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease. Current treatment for psoriasis relies on conventional immunosuppressive agents. However, long-term treatment with global immunosuppression may cause various side effects. Thus, it is compelling to seek alternative drugs for treating psoriasis with potentially less side effects. Betulinic acid (BA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpene, an ingredient that originally exists in natural plants and lacks systemic toxicity. BA can regulate immunity with anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, it's unknown whether BA has a therapeutic effect on psoriasis. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether BA attenuates psoriatic skin inflammation and to identify its mechanisms of action. A murine model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis was utilized to evaluate skin lesion while flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting analyses were performed for immunoassays. We found that BA treatment alleviated psoriatic symptoms and inflammatory skin lesion. BA lowered the PASI scores, decreased epidermal thickness and reduced T cell infiltration in the skin lesion. Moreover, BA reduced the frequency of IL-17A-expressing CD4+ and γδ T cells in psoriatic mice, but did not alter CD4+FoxP3+ Treg frequency. BA also reduced IL-17A production but increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 level in serum of the psoriatic mice. Furthermore, BA inhibited gene expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in skin lesions, including RORγt, IL-17A, IL-6 and TNFα. Importantly, it suppressed NFκB signaling in the skin lesion. Finally, BA inhibited T cell proliferation and IL-17A production by CD4+ T-Cells in vitro. Thus, BA attenuates psoriasis and inhibits Th17 development.
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Madden SK, Flanagan KL, Jones G. How lifestyle factors and their associated pathogenetic mechanisms impact psoriasis. Clin Nutr 2019; 39:1026-1040. [PMID: 31155371 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Psoriasis is a skin disorder affecting approximately 2-3% of the global population. While research has revealed a strong genetic component, there are few studies exploring the extent to which lifestyle factors influence psoriasis pathogenesis. The aim of this review was to describe the role of lifestyle factors as both a potential cause and treatment for psoriasis. The review also examines the underlying mechanisms through which these lifestyle factors may operate. METHODS This narrative review aims to incorporate current knowledge relating to both lifestyle and pathogenetic factors that contribute to and alleviate psoriasis presentation. Studies reporting the effect of an inflammatory diet and potential dietary benefits are reported, as well as insights into the effects of stress, smoking and alcohol, insulin resistance and exercise. RESULTS Poor nutrition and low Omega 3 fatty acid intake, likely combined with fat malabsorption caused by gut dysbiosis and systemic inflammation, are associated with psoriasis. The data strongly suggest that improvements to disease severity can be made through dietary and lifestyle interventions and increased physical activity. Less conclusive, although worthy of mention, is the beneficial effect of bile acid supplementation. CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle interventions are a promising treatment for psoriasis and its associated co-morbidities. However, gaps and inadequacies exist within the literature, e.g. methodology, absence of a unified scoring system, lack of controlled clinical data and lack of studies without simultaneous usage of biologics or alternative therapies. Future directions should focus on high quality cohort studies and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonad K Madden
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Katie L Flanagan
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Australia; School of Health & Biomedical Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Australia; Infectious Diseases Service, Launceston General Hospital, Australia; Dept. of Immunology and Pathology, Monash University, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Australia
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Cataldi C, Mari NL, Lozovoy MAB, Martins LMM, Reiche EMV, Maes M, Dichi I, Simão ANC. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine profiles in psoriasis: use as laboratory biomarkers and disease predictors. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:557-567. [PMID: 31062065 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to delineate the pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine profiles of psoriasis and cytokine profile models that externally validate the diagnosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study recruited 70 patients with psoriasis and 76 healthy controls. Cytokine profiles were evaluated, including pro-inflammatory M1 (IL-1 + IL-6 + TNF-α), Th1 (IL-2 + IL-12 + IFN-γ), Th17 (IL-6 + IL-17), and immune-inflammatory response system (IRS = M1 + Th1 + Th17) profiles. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory potential included Th2 (IL-4), Th2 + T regulatory (Th2 + Treg, namely IL-4 + IL-10 + TGF-β), anti-inflammatory (Th2 + Treg + adiponectin), and the pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory index. RESULTS There was a highly significant association between psoriasis and cytokine levels with an effect size of 0.829 and a particularly strong impact on IL-2 (0.463), IL-12 (0.451), IL-10 (0.532) and adiponectin (0.401). TGF-β and adiponectin were significantly lower while all other cytokines (except IFN-γ) were significantly higher in psoriasis than in controls. In addition, M1, Th1, Th17, Th2 + Treg, and IRS/Anti-inflammatory index were significantly higher in psoriasis patients than in controls. The IRS index, Th2 + Treg, and adiponectin predicted psoriasis with 97.1% sensitivity and 94% specificity. CONCLUSION In conclusion, psoriasis is characterized by increased M1, Th1, Th2 and Th17 profiles together with lowered TGF-β and adiponectin. In addition, we propose a model based on a higher IRS and Th2 + Treg index coupled with lower adiponectin values, which may be used to externally validate the diagnosis of psoriasis. The most important single biomarker of psoriasis is adiponectin. Because the latter may play a role in the modulation of the chronic inflammatory response in psoriasis, adiponectin could be a new drug target to treat psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Cataldi
- Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Naiara Lourenço Mari
- Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcell Alysson Batisti Lozovoy
- Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Rua Robert Koch, n 60, Londrina, Paraná, 86038-440, Brazil
| | | | - Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche
- Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Rua Robert Koch, n 60, Londrina, Paraná, 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Isaias Dichi
- Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Andréa Name Colado Simão
- Laboratory of Research in Applied Immunology, Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, University of Londrina, Rua Robert Koch, n 60, Londrina, Paraná, 86038-440, Brazil.
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Baccouri O, Boukerb AM, Farhat LB, Zébré A, Zimmermann K, Domann E, Cambronel M, Barreau M, Maillot O, Rincé I, Muller C, Marzouki MN, Feuilloley M, Abidi F, Connil N. Probiotic Potential and Safety Evaluation of Enterococcus faecalis OB14 and OB15, Isolated From Traditional Tunisian Testouri Cheese and Rigouta, Using Physiological and Genomic Analysis. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:881. [PMID: 31105672 PMCID: PMC6491886 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains OB14 and OB15 were isolated from traditional Tunisian fermented dairy products, Testouri cheese and Rigouta, respectively. They were identified as Enterococcus faecalis by the MALDI TOF-MS (matrix assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight mass spectrometry) biotyper system and molecular assays (species-specific PCR). These new isolates were evaluated for probiotic properties, compared to E. faecalis Symbioflor 1 clone DSM 16431, as reference. The bacteria were found to be tolerant to the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract (acidity and bile salt). They were low to moderate biofilm producers, can adhere to Caco-2/TC7 intestinal cells and strengthen the intestinal barrier through the increase of the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER). Susceptibility to ampicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin and erythromycin has been tested using the broth microdilutions method. The results demonstrated that E. faecalis OB14 and OB15 were sensitive to the clinically important ampicillin (MIC = 1 μg/mL) and vancomycin (MIC = 2 μg/mL) antibiotics. However, Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) showed the presence of tetracycline resistance and cytolysin genes in E. faecalis OB14, and this led to high mortality of Galleria Mellonella larvae in the virulence test. Hierarchical cluster analysis by MALDI TOF-MS biotyper showed that E. faecalis OB15 was closely related to the E. faecalis Symbioflor 1 probiotic strain than to OB14, and this has been confirmed by WGS using the average nucleotide identity (ANI) and Genome-to-Genome Hybridization similarity methods. According to these results, E. faecalis OB15 seems to be reliable for future development as probiotic, in food or feed industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Baccouri
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amine Mohamed Boukerb
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université – Université de Rouen, Évreux, France
| | - Leila Ben Farhat
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Arthur Zébré
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université – Université de Rouen, Évreux, France
| | | | - Eugen Domann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre for Infection Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mélyssa Cambronel
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université – Université de Rouen, Évreux, France
| | - Magalie Barreau
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université – Université de Rouen, Évreux, France
| | - Olivier Maillot
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université – Université de Rouen, Évreux, France
| | | | | | - Mohamed Nejib Marzouki
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Marc Feuilloley
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université – Université de Rouen, Évreux, France
| | - Ferid Abidi
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nathalie Connil
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement (LMSM) EA 4312, Normandie Université – Université de Rouen, Évreux, France
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35
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Ghrelin protects against contact dermatitis and psoriasiform skin inflammation by antagonizing TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1348. [PMID: 30718736 PMCID: PMC6362006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38174-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Contact dermatitis and psoriasis are skin disorders caused by immune dysregulation, yet much remains unknown about their underlying mechanisms. Ghrelin, a recently discovered novel peptide and potential endogenous anti-inflammatory factor expressed in the epidermis, is involved in skin repair and disease. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern and therapeutic effect of ghrelin in both contact dermatitis and psoriasis mouse models induced by oxazolone (OXA) and imiquimod (IMQ), respectively, and in TNF-α-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, NHEKs and skin fibroblasts. Ghrelin expression was reduced in both the OXA-induced contact dermatitis and IMQ-induced psoriasis mouse models. Furthermore, treatment with ghrelin attenuated skin inflammation in both the contact dermatitis and psoriasis mouse models. Mice administered PBS after OXA- or IMQ-induced model generation exhibited typical skin inflammation, whereas ghrelin treatment in these mouse models substantially decreased the dermatitis phenotype. In addition, exogenous ghrelin attenuated the inflammatory reaction induced by TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, ghrelin administration limited activation of NF-κB signaling. In summary, ghrelin may represent a potential molecular target for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, including contact dermatitis and psoriasis.
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Wang X, Wong K, Ouyang W, Rutz S. Targeting IL-10 Family Cytokines for the Treatment of Human Diseases. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a028548. [PMID: 29038121 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a028548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Members of the interleukin (IL)-10 family of cytokines play important roles in regulating immune responses during host defense but also in autoimmune disorders, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Although IL-10 itself primarily acts on leukocytes and has potent immunosuppressive functions, other family members preferentially target nonimmune compartments, such as tissue epithelial cells, where they elicit innate defense mechanisms to control viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, protect tissue integrity, and promote tissue repair and regeneration. As cytokines are prime drug targets, IL-10 family cytokines provide great opportunities for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, tissue damage, and cancer. Yet no therapy in this space has been approved to date. Here, we summarize the diverse biology of the IL-10 family as it relates to human disease and review past and current strategies and challenges to target IL-10 family cytokines for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wang
- Department of Comparative Biology and Safety Sciences, Amgen, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Kit Wong
- Department of Biomarker Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Wenjun Ouyang
- Department of Inflammation and Oncology, Amgen, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Sascha Rutz
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080
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Abstract
The immune system in a broad sense is a mechanism that allows a living organism to discriminate between "self" and "nonself." Examples of immune systems occur in multicellular organisms as simple and ancient as sea sponges. In fact, complex multicellular life would be impossible without the ability to exclude external life from the internal environment. This introduction to the immune system will explore the cell types and soluble factors involved in immune reactions, as well as their location in the body during development and maintenance. Additionally, a description of the immunological events during an innate and adaptive immune reaction to an infection will be discussed, as well as a brief introduction to autoimmunity, cancer immunity, vaccines, and immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott McComb
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aude Thiriot
- Division of Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bassel Akache
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lakshmi Krishnan
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Felicity Stark
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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38
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Splenectomy may have more complications than currently proven. Med Hypotheses 2018; 112:43-46. [PMID: 29447937 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The spleen has been one of the least understood major organs for centuries. Its significance is relatively well-known today but it seems that all aspects of its activities are not fully understood. Persian medicine (PM) has special views on the function of spleen; many side effects were reported in PM due to spleen dysfunction. On the other hand nowadays splenectomy as a treatment strategy is recommended for some disorders and increasing risk of infections is considered as the most important long term side effect of that. In this study, we hypothesize that splenectomy may have more side effects than currently proven. According to PM, spleen is in close connection with liver, cardiovascular system, stomach, bone, brain and skin, and that is why any kind of spleen dysfunction leads to change in blood viscosity, appetite and bone strength, liver dysfunction, mood and skin disorders, cancer formation and fever. Considering this viewpoint it can be hypothesized such side effects may also occur after splenectomy. Proven complications of splenectomy include hypercoagulated state, cardiovascular events and infectious diseases but there is also some evidence about increased risk of cancer, skin disease like systemic lupus erythematosus, mood disorder such as depression, defective bone formation and impairment of immunity which can be considered as different levels of evidence to confirm the hypothesis. But for some others such as changes in appetite, there are no studies let alone convincing evidence. Future research about theses possible complications may lead to novel results.
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39
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Aadil W, Kaur R, Ganai BA, Akhtar T, Narang T, Hassan I, Kumar S. Variation at Interleukin-10 Locus Represents Susceptibility to Psoriasis in North Indian Population. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2018; 19:53-58. [PMID: 30147018 DOI: 10.2174/1871530318666180821161629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-10 is an important pleiotropic, immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine which plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to determine whether the three polymorphic sites of the IL-10 gene, haplotype and serum level confer susceptibility to psoriasis. METHOD 200 psoriatic patients and 200 controls were genotyped for three IL-10 polymorphic sites by ARMS polymerase chain reaction. Serum levels of IL -10 were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that polymorphism of IL-10 -592 C/A (adjusted* OR = 9.25; 95% CI =3.16- 27.06) and IL-10 1082 A/G (adjusted* OR = 4.28; (95% CI =1.46- 12.56) was found to be in association with increased risk of psoriasis while as IL- 10 819 C/T (adjusted* OR= 1.60; (95% CI = 0.65-3.95) polymorphism does not show any significant association with the risk of psoriasis. HT7 GTC haplotype is associated with increased risk of psoriasis. Serum levels of IL-10 were found to be significantly low in patients, as compared to controls with a non-significant correlation between serum IL-10 level and psoriasis severity. CONCLUSION IL-10 polymorphism imparted significant risk towards the development of psoriasis in North Indian population. Highlighting the role of IL-10 cytokine in the pathogenesis of psoriasis will help in the development of psoriasis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wani Aadil
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir Srinagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research and Development (CORD) University of Kashmir Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tahseena Akhtar
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Tarun Narang
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Leprology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh, Chandigarh, India
| | - Iffat Hassan
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Leprology SMHS Srinagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Schön MP, Erpenbeck L. The Interleukin-23/Interleukin-17 Axis Links Adaptive and Innate Immunity in Psoriasis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1323. [PMID: 29963046 PMCID: PMC6013559 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Research into the pathophysiology of psoriasis has shed light onto many fascinating immunological interactions and underlying genetic constellations. Most prominent among these is the crosstalk between components of the innate and the adaptive immune system and the crucial role of interleukins (IL)-23 and -17 within this network. While it is clear that IL-23 drives and maintains the differentiation of Th17 lymphocytes, many aspects of the regulation of IL-23 and IL-17 are not quite as straightforward and have been unraveled only recently. For example, we know now that Th17 cells are not the only source of IL-17 but that cells of the innate immune system also produce considerable amounts of this central effector cytokine. In addition, there is IL-23-independent production of IL-17. Besides other innate immune cells, neutrophilic granulocytes prominently contribute to IL-17-related immune regulations in psoriasis, and it appears that they employ several mechanisms including the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Here, we strive to put the central role of the IL-23/IL-17 axis into perspective within the crosstalk between components of the innate and the adaptive immune system. Our aim is to better understand the complex immune regulation in psoriasis, a disorder that has become a model disease for chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Luise Erpenbeck
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Pellerin L, Chen P, Gregori S, Hernandez-Hoyos G, Bacchetta R, Roncarolo MG. APVO210: A Bispecific Anti-CD86-IL-10 Fusion Protein (ADAPTIR™) to Induce Antigen-Specific T Regulatory Type 1 Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:881. [PMID: 29887861 PMCID: PMC5980965 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-10 is a potent immunosuppressive cytokine that promotes the differentiation of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC-10), and the subsequent induction of antigen-specific T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells, which suppress immune responses. However, IL-10 acts on multiple cell types and its effects are not solely inhibitory, therefore, limiting its use as immunomodulant. APVO210 is a bispecific fusion protein composed of an anti-CD86 antibody fused with monomeric IL-10 (ADAPTIR™ from Aptevo Therapeutics). APVO210 specifically induces IL-10R signaling in CD86+ antigen-presenting cells, but not in T and B cells. In this study, we tested whether APVO210 promotes the differentiation of tolerogenic DC-10 and the differentiation of antigen-specific CD4+ Tr1 cells in vitro. We compared the effect of APVO210 with that of recombinant human (rh) IL-10 on the in vitro differentiation of DC-10, induction of alloantigen-specific anergic CD4+ T cells, enrichment in CD49b+LAG3+ Tr1 cells mediating antigen-specific suppression, and stability upon exposure to inflammatory cytokines. APVO210 induced the differentiation of tolerogenic DC (DC-A210) that produced high levels of IL-10, expressed CD86, HLA-G, and intermediate levels of CD14 and CD16. These DC-A210 induced alloantigen-specific anergic T-cell cultures (T-alloA210) that were enriched in CD49b+ LAG3+ Tr1 cells, produced high levels of IL-10, and had suppressive properties. The phenotype and high IL-10 production by DC-A210, and the alloantigen-specific anergy of T-alloA210 were preserved upon exposure to the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. The effects of APVO210 were comparable to that of dimeric rh IL-10. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that APVO210 drives the differentiation of tolerogenic DC and functional alloantigen-specific Tr1 cells in vitro. Since APVO210 specifically targets CD86+ cells, we hypothesize that it will specifically target CD86+ DC to induce Tr1 cells in vivo, and mediate antigen-specific immunological tolerance by induction of tolerogenic DC and Tr1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Pellerin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Silvia Gregori
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Bacchetta
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Maria Grazia Roncarolo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Elevated Gene Expression of Interleukin-32 Isoforms Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta in the Peripheral Blood of Chronic Psoriatic Patients. Diseases 2018. [PMID: 29538330 PMCID: PMC5871967 DOI: 10.3390/diseases6010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory-mediated reactions have been implicated as contributors in a number of dermatological disorders, including psoriasis. However, the potential of interleukin (IL)-32 and its isoforms to contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains unexplored. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of IL-32 and its isoforms IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ in the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients. The majority of chronic plaque psoriatic patients showed elevated IL-32 mRNA levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as compared with the levels of IL-32 mRNA in PBMCs of healthy controls (p = 0.001). To further investigate the role of elevated levels of IL-32 in psoriatic patients, IL-32 isoforms mRNAs were determined. All tested isoforms IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ were overexpressed in psoriatic patients PBMCs as compared with healthy controls’ PBMCs (p < 0.05). IL-32α mRNA expression was also significantly higher as compared with all other isoforms of IL-32 in PBMCs of psoriatic patients (p < 0.001). In short, this is the first study that shows the role of IL-32 and its isoforms in the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients. Our novel findings support an association between elevated levels of IL-32 and psoriasis. The data also suggest that a major proinflammatory response of IL-32 may derive from IL-32α isoform in psoriasis.
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Lise ML, Baptista TS, Petersen LE, Bauer ME, Staub HL. Down-regulation of IL-10 in patients with mild psoriasis and metabolic syndrome. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2018. [PMID: 29512973 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.18.05757-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Lise
- Department of Dermatology, Saint Lucas Hospital, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil -
| | - Talita S Baptista
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura E Petersen
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Moises E Bauer
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Henrique L Staub
- Department of Rheumatology, Saint Lucas Hospital, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Wolf P, Weger W, Patra V, Gruber-Wackernagel A, Byrne SN. Desired response to phototherapy vs photoaggravation in psoriasis: what makes the difference? Exp Dermatol 2018; 25:937-944. [PMID: 27376966 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis commonly responds beneficially to UV radiation from natural sunlight or artificial sources. Therapeutic mechanisms include the proapoptotic and immunomodulating effects of UV, affecting many cells and involving a variety of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, downregulating the Th17/IL-23 response with simultaneous induction of regulatory immune cells. However, exposure to UV radiation in a subset of psoriasis patients leads to exacerbation of the disease. We herein shed light on the predisposing factors of photosensitive psoriasis, including genetics (such as HLA-Cw*0602 or CARD14), gender and coexisting photodermatoses such as polymorphic light eruption (PLE) in the context of potential molecular mechanisms behind therapeutic photoresponsiveness or photoaggravation. UV-induced damage/pathogen-associated molecular patterns, damage to self-coding RNA (signalling through Toll-like receptors), certain antimicrobial peptides and/or inflammasome activation may induce innate immunity, leading to psoriasis at the site of UV exposure when there is concomitant, predisposing resistance against UV-induced suppression of the adaptive immune response (like in PLE) that otherwise would act to reduce psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wolf
- Research Unit for Photodermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Weger
- Research Unit for Photodermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - VijayKumar Patra
- Research Unit for Photodermatology, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Scott N Byrne
- Cellular Photoimmunology Group, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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45
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Scanning the Immunopathogenesis of Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010179. [PMID: 29316717 PMCID: PMC5796128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, the immunologic model of which has been profoundly revised following recent advances in the understanding of its pathophysiology. In the current model, a crosstalk between keratinocytes, neutrophils, mast cells, T cells, and dendritic cells is thought to create inflammatory and pro-proliferative circuits mediated by chemokines and cytokines. Various triggers, including recently identified autoantigens, Toll-like receptor agonists, chemerin, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin may activate the pathogenic cascade resulting in enhanced production of pro-inflammatory and proliferation-inducing mediators such as interleukin (IL)-17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-23, IL-22, interferon (IFN)-α, and IFN-γ by immune cells. Among these key cytokines lie therapeutic targets for currently approved antipsoriatic therapies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview on the immune-mediated mechanisms characterizing the current pathogenic model of psoriasis.
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46
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Kolchak NA, Tetarnikova MK, Theodoropoulou MS, Michalopoulou AP, Theodoropoulos DS. Prevalence of antigliadin IgA antibodies in psoriasis vulgaris and response of seropositive patients to a gluten-free diet. J Multidiscip Healthc 2017; 11:13-19. [PMID: 29343966 PMCID: PMC5747961 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s122256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The course of psoriasis relies on a variety of metabolic and immunological parameters. Identification of underlying pro-inflammatory conditions and their control is desired for optimal management. Background Increased prevalence of serum markers for celiac disease has been reported among patients with psoriasis. The likelihood of occult celiac disease in a subpopulation of patients has been postulated and gluten-free diets have been reported to be effective. Patients and methods The prevalence of gliadin IgA antibodies was assessed among patients with psoriasis in an urban population. The clinical effects of a strict gluten-free diet were followed. Results Over a 2-year period, 97 patients with Psoriasis Area and Severity Index greater than 2.4 were recruited from a population followed in a dermatology clinic. Gliadin IgA antibodies were assessed in all participants and in 91 controls. Elevated gliadin IgA antibodies were found in 13 patients (14%) and two controls (2%). Values in five patients were assessed as greater than 30.0 U/mL or “strong positive” according to the manufacturer of the assay. All 13 patients were placed on a strict gluten-free diet without any other modifications in their ongoing treatment of psoriasis. Improvement of psoriatic lesions was observed in all patients with positive gliadin IgA antibodies but the decline in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score and the scaling down of pharmaceutical treatment was more pronounced in the five patients with strong positive gliadin IgA indicating an immune aberration amenable to diet changes. Conclusion Prevalence of antigliadin IgA antibody is significant among patients with psoriasis not diagnosed with celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity. For all its limitations, antigliadin IgA testing can identify patients likely to benefit from gluten-free diets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexandra P Michalopoulou
- Department of Philosophy and Social Studies, School of Philosophy, University of Crete, Rethymnon, Greece
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Traupe H. Psoriasis and the interleukin-10 family: evidence for a protective genetic effect, but not an easy target as a drug. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1438-1439. [PMID: 28581220 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Traupe
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Tsai YC, Tsai TF. Anti-interleukin and interleukin therapies for psoriasis: current evidence and clinical usefulness. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2017; 9:277-294. [PMID: 29344110 PMCID: PMC5764033 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x17735756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-interleukin (IL) therapies have emerged as a major treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. This article reviews the up-to-date results of pivotal clinical trials targeting the interleukins used for the treatment of psoriasis, including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IL-20, IL-22, IL-23, IL-36 and bispecific biologics IL-17A/tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Cytokines involved in the circuits of psoriasis inflammation without ongoing clinical trials are also mentioned (IL-9, IL-13, IL-15, IL-16, IL-18, IL-19, IL-21, IL-24, IL-27, IL-33, IL-35, IL-37, and IL-38).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chu Tsai
- Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsen-Fang Tsai
- National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
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Jin SP, Koh SJ, Yu DA, Kim MW, Yun HT, Lee DH, Yoon HS, Cho S, Park HS. Imiquimod-applied Interleukin-10 deficient mice better reflects severe and persistent psoriasis with systemic inflammatory state. Exp Dermatol 2017; 27:43-49. [PMID: 28677206 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice resembles phenotypic changes and cytokine profiles of human psoriasis. However, a psoriasis animal model reflecting the chronic inflammatory course and comorbidities has not yet been established. We aimed to evaluate the imiquimod-applied interleukin (IL)-10 deficient mouse model in comparison with previous models. IL-10 deficient and wild-type (WT) mice received either imiquimod or vehicle cream for 12 days and were sacrificed on day 15. For earlier time point data, either imiquimod or vehicle cream was applied for 2 days, and the mice were sacrificed on day 3. Imiquimod-applied IL-10 deficient mice showed more persistent psoriasis-like inflammation and higher severity index than did WT between day 8 and 15. Histopathologically, they demonstrated significantly thicker epidermis and larger number of CD45+, myeloperoxidase+ and IL-17+ cell counts on day 15. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with skin tissue revealed significantly higher imiquimod-induced IL-23p19 expression in imiquimod-applied IL-10 deficient mice on day 15. IL-10 deficient mice also showed significantly higher serum levels of imiquimod-induced IL-17A and tumor necrosis factor-α by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on day 15. Furthermore, IL-10 deficient mice showed more prominent increase of spleen weight and decrease of body weight in response to imiquimod application on day 3 and 15. In conclusion, IL-10 deficient mice model with imiquimod application may better reflect severe and persistent psoriasis with systemic inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Pil Jin
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Koh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da-Ae Yu
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Woo Kim
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Tae Yun
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sun Yoon
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soyun Cho
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sun Park
- Department of Dermatology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Mollazadeh H, Cicero AFG, Blesso CN, Pirro M, Majeed M, Sahebkar A. Immune modulation by curcumin: The role of interleukin-10. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:89-101. [PMID: 28799796 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1358139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are small secreted proteins released by different types of cells with specific effects on cellular signaling and communication via binding to their receptors on the cell surface. IL-10 is known to be a pleiotropic and potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive cytokine that is produced by both innate and adaptive immunity cells including dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells, natural killer cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, B cells, CD8+ T cells, and TH1, TH2, and TH17 and regulatory T cells. Both direct and indirect activation of the stress axis promotes IL-10 secretion. IL-10 deregulation plays a role in the development of a large number of inflammatory diseases such as neuropathic pain, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus, type 1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and allergy. Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory compound able to induce the expression and production of IL-10 and enhancing its action on a large number of tissues. In vitro and in pre-clinical models curcumin is able to modulate the disease pathophysiology of conditions such as pain and neurodegenerative diseases, bowel inflammation, and allergy, but also of infections and cancer through its effect on IL-10 secretion. In humans, at least one part of the positive effects of curcumin on health could be related to its ability to enhance IL-10 -mediated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mollazadeh
- a Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine , North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- b Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Bologna , Via Albertoni 15, Bologna , Italy
| | | | - Matteo Pirro
- d Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine , University of Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- f Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
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