1
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Capetini VC, Quintanilha BJ, Garcia BREV, Rogero MM. Dietary modulation of microRNAs in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 133:109714. [PMID: 39097171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing worldwide. Various molecular mechanisms have been proposed to interfere with the insulin signaling pathway. Recent advances in proteomics and genomics indicate that one such mechanism involves the post-transcriptional regulation of insulin signaling by microRNA (miRNA). These noncoding RNAs typically induce messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation or translational repression by interacting with the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of target mRNA. Dietary components and patterns, which can either enhance or impair the insulin signaling pathway, have been found to regulate miRNA expression in both in vitro and in vivo studies. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of how dietary components influence the expression of miRNAs related to the control of the insulin signaling pathway and discusses the potential application of these findings in precision nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Cooper Capetini
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory (GENUIN), Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC), São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), São Paulo, Brazil; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Bruna Jardim Quintanilha
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory (GENUIN), Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC), São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Ruschel Ewald Vega Garcia
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory (GENUIN), Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory (GENUIN), Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Food Research Center (FoRC), São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Chen Y, Jiang Q, Xing X, Yuan T, Li P. Clinical research progress on β-cell dysfunction in T2DM development in the Chinese population. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024:10.1007/s11154-024-09914-9. [PMID: 39382753 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-024-09914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increased over 10-fold in the past 40 years in China, which now has the largest T2DM population in the world. Insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction are the typical features of T2DM. Although both factors play a role, decreased β-cell function and β-cell mass are the predominant factors for progression to T2DM. Considering the differences between Chinese T2DM patients and those of other ethnicities, it is important to characterize β-cell dysfunction in Chinese patients during T2DM progression. Herein, we reviewed the studies on the relationships between β-cell function and T2DM progression in the Chinese population and discussed the differences among individuals of varying ethnicities. Meanwhile, we summarized the risk factors and current treatments of T2DM in Chinese individuals and discussed their impacts on β-cell function with the hope of identifying a better T2DM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaowei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Target Discovery of Metabolic Disorder and Tumorigenesis, Beijing, 100050, China.
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3
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Hu C, Deng B, Fang W, Guo B, Chen P, Lu C, Dong Z, Pan M. Transgenic overexpression of bmo-miR-6498-5p increases resistance to Nosema bombycis in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024:e0027024. [PMID: 39240120 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00270-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsporidia are unfriendly microorganisms, and their infections cause considerable damage to economically or environmentally important insects like silkworms and honeybees. Thus, the identification of measures to improve host resistance to microsporidia infections is critically needed. Here, an overexpressed miR-6498-5p transgenic silkworm line was constructed. Importantly, the survival rates and median lethal doses of the transgenic line were clearly higher after infection with Nosema bombycis. H&E staining and RT-qPCR analyses revealed an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of N. bombycis in the transgenic larvae. Metabolomics analysis further revealed the presence of 56 differential metabolites between the two lines. KEGG analysis of these 56 metabolites found that they were involved in various amino acid and vitamin metabolism pathways. Notably, VB6 metabolism was enriched among the metabolites, and the pathway was well known for its involvement in the synthesis, interconversion, and degradation of amino acids. These suggest that miR-6498-5p modifies parasitic environments to inhibit the proliferation of N. bombycis by affecting the host amino acid metabolism. These results demonstrate the potential of microRNAs as biomolecules that can promote resistance to microsporidia and provide new insights and a new approach to generate microsporidia-resistant biological materials.IMPORTANCEMicrosporidia have an extremely wide host range and are capable of infecting a wide variety of insects and vertebrates, including humans, and their lethality to multiple species often poses significant environmental management challenge. Here, we successfully constructed a microsporidium-resistant line in the silkworm, based on the overexpression of miR-6498-5p. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that miR-6498-5p efficiently suppresses the proliferation of Nosema bombycis by regulating the host VB6 metabolism, a key pathway for enzymes involved in amino acid transport and protein metabolism. Our study provides new insights for understanding host anti-pathogen defenses toward microsporidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congwu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Boyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenxuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bingyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhanqi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minhui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Pierantoni M, Grassilli S, Brugnoli F, Dell'Aira M, Bertagnolo V. Insights into the development of insulin-producing cells: Precursors correlated involvement of microRNA panels. Life Sci 2024; 350:122762. [PMID: 38843994 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β cells, recently estimated to affect approximately 8.75 million individuals worldwide. At variance with conventional management of T1D, which relies on exogenous insulin replacement and insulinotropic drugs, emerging therapeutic strategies include transplantation of insulin-producing cells (IPCs) derived from stem cells or fully reprogrammed differentiated cells. Through the in-depth analysis of the microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (ESCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), into insulin-producing cells, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms orchestrating the transformation of precursors to cells producing insulin. In addition to miR-375, involved in all differentiation processes, and to miR-7, mir-145 and miR-9, common to the generation of insulin-producing cells from at least two different sources, the literature reveals panels of miRNAs closely related to precursor cells and associated with specific events of the physiological β cell maturation. Since the forced modulation of miRNAs can direct cells development towards insulin-producing cells or modify their fate, a more comprehensive knowledge of the miRNAs involved in the cellular events leading to obtain efficient β cells could improve the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pierantoni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Silvia Grassilli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Federica Brugnoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Marcello Dell'Aira
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Valeria Bertagnolo
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
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Toropko M, Chuvpilo S, Karabelsky A. miRNA-Mediated Mechanisms in the Generation of Effective and Safe Oncolytic Viruses. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:986. [PMID: 39204331 PMCID: PMC11360794 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16080986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by inhibiting the translation of target transcripts. The expression profiles of miRNAs vary in different tissues and change with the development of diseases, including cancer. This feature has begun to be used for the modification of oncolytic viruses (OVs) in order to increase their selectivity and efficacy. OVs represent a relatively new class of anticancer drugs; they are designed to replicate in cancer tumors and destroy them. These can be natural viruses that can replicate within cancer tumor cells, or recombinant viruses created in laboratories. There are some concerns regarding OVs' toxicity, due to their ability to partially replicate in healthy tissues. In addition, lytic and immunological responses upon OV therapy are not always sufficient, so various OV editing methods are used. This review discusses the latest results of preclinical and clinical studies of OVs, modifications of which are associated with the miRNA-mediated mechanism of gene silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Toropko
- Gene Therapy Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Olympic Avenue, 1, 354340 Sochi, Russia; (S.C.); (A.K.)
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Kane E, Mak TC, Latreille M. MicroRNA-7 regulates endocrine progenitor delamination and endocrine cell mass in developing pancreatic islets. iScience 2024; 27:110332. [PMID: 39055950 PMCID: PMC11269303 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
β-cell replenishment in patients with diabetes through cadaveric islet transplantation has been successful; however, it requires long-term immunosuppression and suitable islet donors are scarce. Stepwise in vitro differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into β-cells represents a viable alternative, but limitations in our current understanding of in vivo islet endocrine differentiation constrains its clinical use. Here, we show that microRNA-7 (miR-7) is highly expressed in embryonic pancreatic endocrine progenitors. Genetic deletion of the miR-7 gene family in endocrine progenitors leads to reduced islet endocrine cell mass, due to endocrine progenitors failing to delaminate from the epithelial plexus. This is associated with a reduction in neurogenin-3 levels and increased expression of Sry-box transcription factor 9. Further, we observe that a significant number of endocrine progenitors lacking miR-7 differentiate into ductal cells. Our study suggests that increasing miR-7 expression could improve efficiency of in vitro differentiation and augment stem cell-derived β-cell terminal maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kane
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Tracy C.S. Mak
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mathieu Latreille
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
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Camaya I, Hill M, Sais D, Tran N, O'Brien B, Donnelly S. The Parasite-Derived Peptide, FhHDM-1, Selectively Modulates miRNA Expression in β-Cells to Prevent Apoptotic Pathways Induced by Proinflammatory Cytokines. J Diabetes Res 2024; 2024:8555211. [PMID: 39022651 PMCID: PMC11254460 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8555211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
We have previously identified a parasite-derived peptide, FhHDM-1, that prevented the progression of diabetes in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. Disease prevention was mediated by the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway to promote β-cell survival and metabolism without inducing proliferation. To determine the molecular mechanisms driving the antidiabetogenic effects of FhHDM-1, miRNA:mRNA interactions and in silico predictions of the gene networks were characterised in β-cells, which were exposed to the proinflammatory cytokines that mediate β-cell destruction in Type 1 diabetes (T1D), in the presence and absence of FhHDM-1. The predicted gene targets of miRNAs differentially regulated by FhHDM-1 mapped to the biological pathways that regulate β-cell biology. Six miRNAs were identified as important nodes in the regulation of PI3K/Akt signaling. Additionally, IGF-2 was identified as a miRNA gene target that mediated the beneficial effects of FhHDM-1 on β-cells. The findings provide a putative mechanism by which FhHDM-1 positively impacts β-cells to permanently prevent diabetes. As β-cell death/dysfunction underlies diabetes development, FhHDM-1 opens new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inah Camaya
- The School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Meredith Hill
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dayna Sais
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nham Tran
- School of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Information TechnologyUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bronwyn O'Brien
- The School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sheila Donnelly
- The School of Life SciencesUniversity of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
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Zacharjasz J, Sztachera M, Smuszkiewicz M, Piwecka M. Micromanaging the neuroendocrine system - A review on miR-7 and the other physiologically relevant miRNAs in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1557-1575. [PMID: 38858179 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The hypothalamic-pituitary axis is central to the functioning of the neuroendocrine system and essential for regulating physiological and behavioral homeostasis and coordinating fundamental body functions. The expanding line of evidence shows the indispensable role of the microRNA pathway in regulating the gene expression profile in the developing and adult hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Experiments provoking a depletion of miRNA maturation in the context of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis brought into focus a prominent involvement of miRNAs in neuroendocrine functions. There are also a few individual miRNAs and miRNA families that have been studied in depth revealing their crucial role in mediating the regulation of fundamental processes such as temporal precision of puberty timing, hormone production, fertility and reproduction capacity, and energy balance. Among these miRNAs, miR-7 was shown to be hypothalamus-enriched and the top one highly expressed in the pituitary gland, where it has a profound impact on gene expression regulation. Here, we review miRNA profiles, knockout phenotypes, and miRNA interaction (targets) in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis that advance our understanding of the roles of miRNAs in mammalian neurosecretion and related physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Zacharjasz
- Department of Non-coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Sztachera
- Department of Non-coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Smuszkiewicz
- Department of Non-coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Piwecka
- Department of Non-coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Cerda-Jara CA, Kim SJ, Thomas G, Farsi Z, Zolotarov G, Dube G, Deter A, Bahry E, Georgii E, Woehler A, Piwecka M, Rajewsky N. miR-7 controls glutamatergic transmission and neuronal connectivity in a Cdr1as-dependent manner. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:3008-3039. [PMID: 38831125 PMCID: PMC11239925 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The circular RNA (circRNA) Cdr1as is conserved across mammals and highly expressed in neurons, where it directly interacts with microRNA miR-7. However, the biological function of this interaction is unknown. Here, using primary cortical murine neurons, we demonstrate that stimulating neurons by sustained depolarization rapidly induces two-fold transcriptional upregulation of Cdr1as and strong post-transcriptional stabilization of miR-7. Cdr1as loss causes doubling of glutamate release from stimulated synapses and increased frequency and duration of local neuronal bursts. Moreover, the periodicity of neuronal networks increases, and synchronicity is impaired. Strikingly, these effects are reverted by sustained expression of miR-7, which also clears Cdr1as molecules from neuronal projections. Consistently, without Cdr1as, transcriptomic changes caused by miR-7 overexpression are stronger (including miR-7-targets downregulation) and enriched in secretion/synaptic plasticity pathways. Altogether, our results suggest that in cortical neurons Cdr1as buffers miR-7 activity to control glutamatergic excitatory transmission and neuronal connectivity important for long-lasting synaptic adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cledi A Cerda-Jara
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gwendolin Thomas
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zohreh Farsi
- Light Microscopy Platform, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Grygoriy Zolotarov
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giuliana Dube
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aylina Deter
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ella Bahry
- Helmholtz Imaging, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Georgii
- Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrew Woehler
- Light Microscopy Platform, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika Piwecka
- Department of Non-Coding RNAs, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704, Poznan, Poland
| | - Nikolaus Rajewsky
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Gene Regulatory Elements, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
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Zhu J, Zhu X, Xu Y, Chen X, Ge X, Huang Y, Wang Z. The role of noncoding RNAs in beta cell biology and tissue engineering. Life Sci 2024; 348:122717. [PMID: 38744419 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells, which are responsible for insulin secretion, constitutes the foundation of all forms of diabetes, a widely prevalent disease worldwide. The replacement of damaged β-cells with regenerated or transplanted cells derived from stem cells is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, inducing the differentiation of stem cells into fully functional glucose-responsive β-cells in vitro has proven to be challenging. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulatory factors governing the differentiation, identity, and function of β-cells. Furthermore, engineered hydrogel systems, biomaterials, and organ-like structures possess engineering characteristics that can provide a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment that supports stem cell differentiation. This review summarizes the roles and contributions of ncRNAs in maintaining the differentiation, identity, and function of β-cells. And it focuses on regulating the levels of ncRNAs in stem cells to activate β-cell genetic programs for generating alternative β-cells and discusses how to manipulate ncRNA expression by combining hydrogel systems and other tissue engineering materials. Elucidating the patterns of ncRNA-mediated regulation in β-cell biology and utilizing this knowledge to control stem cell differentiation may offer promising therapeutic strategies for generating functional insulin-producing cells in diabetes cell replacement therapy and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaoren Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xingyou Chen
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xinqi Ge
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China; Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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11
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Carr ER, Higgins PB, McClenaghan NH, Flatt PR, McCloskey AG. MicroRNA regulation of islet and enteroendocrine peptides: Physiology and therapeutic implications for type 2 diabetes. Peptides 2024; 176:171196. [PMID: 38492669 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with dysregulation of glucoregulatory hormones, including both islet and enteroendocrine peptides. Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA sequences which post transcriptionally inhibit protein synthesis by binding to complementary messenger RNA (mRNA). Essential for normal cell activities, including proliferation and apoptosis, dysregulation of these noncoding RNA molecules have been linked to several diseases, including diabetes, where alterations in miRNA expression within pancreatic islets have been observed. This may occur as a compensatory mechanism to maintain beta-cell mass/function (e.g., downregulation of miR-7), or conversely, lead to further beta-cell demise and disease progression (e.g., upregulation of miR-187). Thus, targeting miRNAs has potential for novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications in T2D. This is reinforced by the success seen to date with miRNA-based therapeutics for other conditions currently in clinical trials. In this review, differential expression of miRNAs in human islets associated with T2D will be discussed along with further consideration of their effects on the production and secretion of islet and incretin hormones. This analysis further unravels the therapeutic potential of miRNAs and offers insights into novel strategies for T2D management.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Carr
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Atlantic Technology University, Donegal, Ireland; Department of Life Sciences, Atlantic Technological University, Sligo, Ireland
| | - P B Higgins
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Atlantic Technology University, Donegal, Ireland
| | - N H McClenaghan
- Department of Life Sciences, Atlantic Technological University, Sligo, Ireland
| | - P R Flatt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - A G McCloskey
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Atlantic Technology University, Donegal, Ireland.
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12
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Romano R, Bucci C. Antisense therapy: a potential breakthrough in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1027-1035. [PMID: 37862205 PMCID: PMC10749614 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.385285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of neurons in the central or peripheral nervous system. Currently, there is no cure for neurodegenerative diseases and this means a heavy burden for patients and the health system worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to find new therapeutic approaches, and antisense therapies offer this possibility, having the great advantage of not modifying cellular genome and potentially being safer. Many preclinical and clinical studies aim to test the safety and effectiveness of antisense therapies in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The objective of this review is to summarize the recent advances in the development of these new technologies to treat the most common neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on those antisense therapies that have already received the approval of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Romano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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13
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Rashid G, Khan NA, Elsori D, Youness RA, Hassan H, Siwan D, Seth N, Kamal MA, Rizvi S, Babker AM, Hafez W. miRNA expression in PCOS: unveiling a paradigm shift toward biomarker discovery. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:1707-1723. [PMID: 38316651 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects a substantial percentage of women, estimated at around 9-21%. This condition can lead to anovulatory infertility in women of childbearing age and is often accompanied by various metabolic disturbances, including hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, obesity, type-2 diabetes, and elevated cholesterol levels. The development of PCOS is influenced by a combination of epigenetic alterations, genetic mutations, and changes in the expression of non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs, commonly referred to as non-coding RNAs, are approximately 22 nucleotides in length and primarily function in post-transcriptional gene regulation, facilitating mRNA degradation and repressing translation. Their dynamic expression in different cells and tissues contributes to the regulation of various biological and cellular pathways. As a result, they have become pivotal biomarkers for various diseases, including PCOS, demonstrating intricate associations with diverse health conditions. The aberrant expression of miRNAs has been detected in the serum of women with PCOS, with overexpression and dysregulation of these miRNAs playing a central role in the atypical expression of endocrine hormones linked to PCOS. This review takes a comprehensive approach to explore the upregulation and downregulation of various miRNAs present in ovarian follicular cells, granulosa cells, and theca cells of women diagnosed with PCOS. Furthermore, it discusses the potential for a theragnostic approach using miRNAs to better understand and manage PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowhar Rashid
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, India.
| | - Nihad Ashraf Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Delhi, 110025, India
| | | | - Rana A Youness
- Biology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Biotechnology, German International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Homa Hassan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepali Siwan
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Namrata Seth
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Science and Technology, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saliha Rizvi
- Department of Biotechnology, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Asaad Ma Babker
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Hafez
- The Medical Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, the National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Muñoz-Gallardo MDM, Garcia-Padilla C, Vicente-Garcia C, Carvajal J, Arenega A, Franco D. miR-195b is required for proper cellular homeostasis in the elderly. Sci Rep 2024; 14:810. [PMID: 38191655 PMCID: PMC10774362 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade we have witnessed an increasing number of studies revealing the functional role of non-coding RNAs in a multitude of biological processes, including cellular homeostasis, proliferation and differentiation. Impaired expression of non-coding RNAs can cause distinct pathological conditions, including herein those affecting the gastrointestinal and cardiorespiratory systems, respectively. miR-15/miR-16/miR-195 family members have been broadly implicated in multiple biological processes, including regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis and metabolism within distinct tissues, such as heart, liver and lungs. While the functional contribution of miR-195a has been reported in multiple biological contexts, the role of miR-195b remains unexplored. In this study we dissected the functional role of miR-195b by generating CRISPR-Cas9 gene edited miR-195b deficient mice. Our results demonstrate that miR-195b is dispensable for embryonic development. miR-195b-/- mice are fertile and displayed no gross anatomical and/or morphological defects. Mechanistically, cell cycle regulation, metabolism and oxidative stress markers are distinctly impaired in the heart, liver and lungs of aged mice, a condition that is not overtly observed at midlife. The lack of overt functional disarray during embryonic development and early adulthood might be due to temporal and tissue-specific compensatory mechanisms driven by selective upregulation miR-15/miR-16/miR-195 family members. Overall, our data demonstrated that miR-195b is dispensable for embryonic development and adulthood but is required for cellular homeostasis in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Zoology, School of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Jaime Carvajal
- Andalusian Centre of Developmental Biology (CABD-CSIC-UPO-JA), Seville, Spain
| | - Amelia Arenega
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen, Spain.
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain.
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15
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Liu H, Niu T, Qiu G, Cui S, Zhang D. Taurine promotes insulin synthesis by enhancing Isl-1 expression through miR-7a/RAF1/ERK1/2 pathway. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:23-35. [PMID: 38117455 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00835-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
It has been well established that the circulating taurine affects the insulin synthesis in pancreatic islet β-cells, whereas miR-7a and LIM-homeodomain transcription factor Isl-1 are important intracellular factors regulating insulin transcription and synthesis. However, it still remains unknown whether taurine regulates insulin synthesis by affecting miR-7a and/or Isl-1 expressions in mouse pancreatic islet β-cells. The present study was thus proposed to identify the effects of taurine on the expressions of miR-7a and/or Isl-1 and their relations to insulin synthesis in mouse pancreatic islet β-cells by using miR-7a2 knockout (KO) and taurine transporter (TauT) KO mouse models and the related in vitro experiments. The results demonstrated that taurine supplement significantly decreased the pancreas miR-7a expression, but sharply upregulated the pancreas Isl-1 and insulin expressions, and serum insulin levels. However, the enhanced effects of taurine on Isl-1 expression and insulin synthesis were mitigated in the TauT KO and miR-7a2 KO mice. In addition, our results confirmed that taurine markedly increased pancreas RAF1 and ERK1/2 expressions. Collectively, the present study firstly demonstrates that taurine regulates insulin synthesis through TauT/miR-7a/RAF1/ERK1/2/Isl-1 signaling pathway, which are crucial for our understanding the mechanisms of taurine affecting insulin synthesis, and also potential for establishing the therapeutic strategies for diabetes and the diseases related to metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongjuan Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Guobin Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Zheng L, Wang Y, Li Y, Li L, Wang X, Li Y. miR-765 targeting PDX1 impairs pancreatic β-cell function to induce type 2 diabetes. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:1279-1288. [PMID: 34357821 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1946561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a chronic metabolism disorder with a symptom as pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. In this study, the bioinformatics analysis identified the key regulators (PDX1 and miR-765) in T2DM. By qRT-PCR and western blotting, miR-765 with high expression and PDX1 with low expression were observed in blood samples from T2DM patients and the T2DM cell model. Together with GSIS assay, CCK-8, TUNEL assay, glycolysis assay, and mitochondrial respiration assay, miR-765 overexpression impaired insulin secretion cell viability, glycolysis, and mitochondrial respiration, while enhanced cell apoptosis in pancreatic β-cell. The Luciferase reporter, RIP, and RNA pull-down assays showed that PDX1 was the target gene of miR-765 in pancreatic β-cell. Besides, the negative effect of miR-765 on pancreatic β-cell could be overturned by PDX1 overexpression. In conclusion, we confirmed that miR-765 could cause a detrimental effect on pancreatic β-cell survival and function by targeting PDX1, which might provide new insight for T2DM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yalan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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17
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Piao X, Ma L, Xu Q, Zhang X, Jin C. Noncoding RNAs: Versatile regulators of endothelial dysfunction. Life Sci 2023; 334:122246. [PMID: 37931743 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs have recently emerged as versatile regulators of endothelial dysfunction in atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of plaques within the arterial walls. Through their ability to modulate gene expression, noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs, play crucial roles in various cellular processes involved in endothelial dysfunction (ECD), such as inflammation, pyroptosis, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the regulatory roles of noncoding RNAs in endothelial dysfunction during atherosclerosis. It highlights the specific noncoding RNAs that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of ECD, their target genes, and the mechanisms by which they contribute to ECD. Furthermore, we have reviewed the current therapeutics in atherosclerosis and explore their interaction with noncoding RNAs. Understanding the intricate regulatory network of noncoding RNAs in ECD may open up new opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to combat ECD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Piao
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China.
| | - Lie Ma
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Qinqi Xu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Chengzhu Jin
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji 133000, China
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18
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Samavarchi Tehrani S, Goodarzi G, Panahi G, Maniati M, Meshkani R. Multiple novel functions of circular RNAs in diabetes mellitus. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:1235-1249. [PMID: 34087083 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2021.1933047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), as an emerging group of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), have received the attention given evidence indicating that these novel ncRNAs are implicated in various biological processes. Due to the absence of 5' and 3' ends in circ-RNAs, their two ends are covalently bonded together, and they are synthesised from pre-mRNAs in a process called back-splicing, which makes them more stable than linear RNAs. There is accumulating evidence showing that circRNAs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, it has been indicated that dysregulation of circRNAs has made them promising diagnostic biomarkers for the detection of DM. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to investigate the mechanisms underlying the DM process. It has been demonstrated that there is a strong correlation between the expression of circRNAs and DM. Hence, our aim is to discuss the crosstalk between circRNAs and DM and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Goodarzi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghodratollah Panahi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- English Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Meshkani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Yang ZZ, Parchem RJ. The role of noncoding RNAs in pancreatic birth defects. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1785-1808. [PMID: 37066622 PMCID: PMC10579456 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Congenital defects in the pancreas can cause severe health issues such as pancreatic cancer and diabetes which require lifelong treatment. Regenerating healthy pancreatic cells to replace malfunctioning cells has been considered a promising cure for pancreatic diseases including birth defects. However, such therapies are currently unavailable in the clinic. The developmental gene regulatory network underlying pancreatic development must be reactivated for in vivo regeneration and recapitulated in vitro for cell replacement therapy. Thus, understanding the mechanisms driving pancreatic development will pave the way for regenerative therapies. Pancreatic progenitor cells are the precursors of all pancreatic cells which use epigenetic changes to control gene expression during differentiation to generate all of the distinct pancreatic cell types. Epigenetic changes involving DNA methylation and histone modifications can be controlled by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that ncRNAs are indispensable for proper organogenesis. Here, we summarize recent insight into the role of ncRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of pancreatic development. We further discuss how disruptions in ncRNA biogenesis and expression lead to developmental defects and diseases. This review summarizes in vivo data from animal models and in vitro studies using stem cell differentiation as a model for pancreatic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zoey Yang
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ronald J Parchem
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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20
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Guo YC, Cao HD, Lian XF, Wu PX, Zhang F, Zhang H, Lu DH. Molecular mechanisms of noncoding RNA and epigenetic regulation in obesity with consequent diabetes mellitus development. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1621-1631. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i11.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity have become two of the most prevalent and challenging diseases worldwide, with increasing incidence and serious complications. Recent studies have shown that noncoding RNA (ncRNA) and epigenetic regulation play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of DM complicated by obesity. Identification of the involvement of ncRNA and epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of diabetes with obesity has opened new avenues of investigation. Targeting these mechanisms with small molecules or RNA-based therapies may provide a more precise and effective approach to diabetes treatment than traditional therapies. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of ncRNA and epigenetic regulation and their potential therapeutic targets, and the research prospects for DM complicated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Guo
- Department of Endo-crinology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao-Di Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Lian
- Department of Endo-crinology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Pei-Xian Wu
- Department of Endo-crinology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Endo-crinology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dong-Hui Lu
- Department of Endo-crinology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
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21
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Afsharmanesh MR, Mohammadi Z, Mansourian AR, Jafari SM. A Review of micro RNAs changes in T2DM in animals and humans. J Diabetes 2023; 15:649-664. [PMID: 37329278 PMCID: PMC10415875 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications have become a crucial public health concern in the world. According to the literature, chronic inflammation and the progression of T2DM have a close relationship. Accumulated evidence suggests that inflammation enhances the insulin secretion lost by islets of Langerhans and the resistance of target tissues to insulin action, which are two critical features in T2DM development. Based on recently highlighted research that plasma concentration of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 are elevated in insulin-resistant and T2DM, and it raises novel question marks about the processes causing inflammation in both situations. Over the past few decades, microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short, noncoding RNA molecules, have been discovered to be involved in the regulation of inflammation, insulin resistance, and T2DM pathology. These noncoding RNAs are specifically comprised of RNA-induced silencing complexes and regulate the expression of specific protein-coding genes through various mechanisms. There is extending evidence that describes the expression profile of a special class of miRNA molecules altered during T2DM development. These modifications can be observed as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of T2DM and related diseases. In this review study, after reviewing the possible mechanisms involved in T2DM pathophysiology, we update recent information on the miRNA roles in T2DM, inflammation, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadi
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Azad Reza Mansourian
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Seyyed Mehdi Jafari
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
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22
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Malviya A, Bhuyan R. The recent advancements in circRNA research: From biogenesis to therapeutic interventions. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154697. [PMID: 37506629 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to the genre of long non-coding RNAs that are formed by special back-splicing events and are currently the molecule of interest for studies globally due their involvement in various ailments like diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cardio-vascular diseases and cancers. These class of highly stable RNAs participate in diverse cellular functionalities including microRNA (miRNA) sponging, ceRNA (competing endogenous RNA) activity or via exhibiting RNA binding protein (RBP) interactions. They are also known to regulate cancer progression both positively and negatively through various biological pathways such as, modulating the cell cycle and apoptotic pathways, epigenetic regulation, and translational and/or transcriptional regulations etc. Given its significance, a variety of computational tools and dedicated databases have been created for the identification, quantification, and differential expression of such RNAs in combination with sequencing approaches. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the numerous computational tools, pipelines, and online resources developed in recent years for the detection and annotation of circRNAs. We also summarise the most recent findings regarding the characteristics, functions, biological processes, and involvement of circRNAs in diseases. The review emphasises the significance of circRNAs as potential disease biomarkers and new treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Malviya
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Tonk, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Rajabrata Bhuyan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Tonk, Rajasthan 304022, India.
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23
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Bakhashab S, Megantara HP, Mahaputra DK, O’Neill J, Phowira J, Weaver JU. Decoding of miR-7-5p in Colony Forming Unit-Hill Colonies as a Biomarker of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease-A MERIT Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11977. [PMID: 37569355 PMCID: PMC10418446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colony forming unit-Hill (CFU-Hill) colonies were established to serve as a sensitive biomarker for vascular health. In animals, the overexpression of miR-7-5p was shown to be pro-atherogenic and associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. In a MERIT study, we aimed to explore the role of miR-7-5p expression in CFU-Hill colonies in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and the effect of metformin in subclinical CVD. The expression of miR-7-5p in CFU-Hill colonies in 29 T1DM subjects without CVD and 20 healthy controls (HC) was measured. Metformin was administered to T1DM subjects for eight weeks. MiR-7-5p was upregulated in T1DM whereas metformin reduced it to HC levels. MiR-7-5p was positively correlated with c-reactive protein, and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10. The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed miR-7-5p as a biomarker of CVD, and upregulated miR-7-5p, defining subclinical CVD at a HbA1c level of 44.3 mmol/mol. Ingenuity pathway analysis predicted miR-7-5p to inhibit the mRNA expression of Krüppel-like factor 4, epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 and insulin receptor substrate ½, and insulin receptor, while metformin activated these miRNAs via transforming growth factor-β1 and Smad2/3. We proved the pro-atherogenic effect of miR-7-5p that maybe used as a prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Bakhashab
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (H.P.M.); (D.K.M.); j.o' (J.O.); (J.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 2189, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamzah Pratama Megantara
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (H.P.M.); (D.K.M.); j.o' (J.O.); (J.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Dimas Kirana Mahaputra
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (H.P.M.); (D.K.M.); j.o' (J.O.); (J.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Josie O’Neill
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (H.P.M.); (D.K.M.); j.o' (J.O.); (J.P.)
| | - Jason Phowira
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (H.P.M.); (D.K.M.); j.o' (J.O.); (J.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
| | - Jolanta U. Weaver
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (H.P.M.); (D.K.M.); j.o' (J.O.); (J.P.)
- Department of Diabetes, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Gateshead, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE9 6SH, UK
- Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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24
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Macvanin MT, Gluvic Z, Bajic V, Isenovic ER. Novel insights regarding the role of noncoding RNAs in diabetes. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:958-976. [PMID: 37547582 PMCID: PMC10401459 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i7.958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders defined by hyperglycemia induced by insulin resistance, inadequate insulin secretion, or excessive glucagon secretion. In 2021, the global prevalence of diabetes is anticipated to be 10.7% (537 million people). Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) appear to have an important role in the initiation and progression of DM, according to a growing body of research. The two major groups of ncRNAs implicated in diabetic disorders are miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs. miRNAs are single-stranded, short (17–25 nucleotides), ncRNAs that influence gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Because DM has reached epidemic proportions worldwide, it appears that novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are required to identify and treat complications associated with these diseases efficiently. miRNAs are gaining attention as biomarkers for DM diagnosis and potential treatment due to their function in maintaining physiological homeostasis via gene expression regulation. In this review, we address the issue of the gradually expanding global prevalence of DM by presenting a complete and up-to-date synopsis of various regulatory miRNAs involved in these disorders. We hope this review will spark discussion about ncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic tools for DM. We examine and synthesize recent research that used novel, high-throughput technologies to uncover ncRNAs involved in DM, necessitating a systematic approach to examining and summarizing their roles and possible diagnostic and therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana T Macvanin
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Zoran Gluvic
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Clinic for Internal Medicine, Zemun Clinical Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Vladan Bajic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
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25
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Natalicchio A, Montagnani M, Gallo M, Marrano N, Faggiano A, Zatelli MC, Mazzilli R, Argentiero A, Danesi R, D'Oronzo S, Fogli S, Giuffrida D, Gori S, Ragni A, Renzelli V, Russo A, Franchina T, Tuveri E, Sciacca L, Monami M, Cirino G, Di Cianni G, Colao A, Avogaro A, Cinieri S, Silvestris N, Giorgino F. MiRNA dysregulation underlying common pathways in type 2 diabetes and cancer development: an Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM)/Italian Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD)/Italian Society of Diabetology (SID)/Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)/Italian Society of Pharmacology (SIF) multidisciplinary critical view. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101573. [PMID: 37263082 PMCID: PMC10245125 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that patients with diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D), are characterized by an increased risk of developing different types of cancer, so cancer could be proposed as a new T2D-related complication. On the other hand, cancer may also increase the risk of developing new-onset diabetes, mainly caused by anticancer therapies. Hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and chronic inflammation typical of T2D could represent possible mechanisms involved in cancer development in diabetic patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a subset of non-coding RNAs, ⁓22 nucleotides in length, which control the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression through both translational repression and messenger RNA degradation. Of note, miRNAs have multiple target genes and alteration of their expression has been reported in multiple diseases, including T2D and cancer. Accordingly, specific miRNA-regulated pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of both conditions. In this review, a panel of experts from the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM), Italian Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD), Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE), and Italian Society of Pharmacology (SIF) provide a critical view of the evidence about the involvement of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of both T2D and cancer, trying to identify the shared miRNA signature and pathways able to explain the strong correlation between the two conditions, as well as to envision new common pharmacological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Natalicchio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Montagnani
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - M Gallo
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo of Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - N Marrano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - A Faggiano
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M C Zatelli
- Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics, and Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Mazzilli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Argentiero
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - R Danesi
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - S D'Oronzo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - S Fogli
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - D Giuffrida
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Catania, Italy
| | - S Gori
- Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Don Calabria-Sacro Cuore di Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - A Ragni
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Unit, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo of Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - V Renzelli
- Diabetologist and Endocrinologist, Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists, Rome, Italy
| | - A Russo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, Section of Medical Oncology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - T Franchina
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - E Tuveri
- Diabetology, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Service, ASL-Sulcis, Carbonia, Sardinia, Italy
| | - L Sciacca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Endocrinology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Monami
- Diabetology, Careggi Hospital and University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - G Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Di Cianni
- Diabetes Unit, Livorno Hospital, Livorno, Italy
| | - A Colao
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy; UNESCO Chair, Education for Health and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - A Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - S Cinieri
- Medical Oncology Division and Breast Unit, Senatore Antonio Perrino Hospital, ASL Brindisi, Brindisi, Italy
| | - N Silvestris
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Human Pathology "G. Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - F Giorgino
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.
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26
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Lau Zajaczkowski E, Zhao Q, Liau WS, Gong H, Umanda Madugalle S, Periyakaruppiah A, Jane Leighton L, Musgrove M, Ren H, Davies J, Robert Marshall P, William Bredy T. Localised Cdr1as activity is required for fear extinction memory. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2023:107777. [PMID: 37257557 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2023.107777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) comprise a novel class of regulatory RNAs that are abundant in the brain, particularly within synapses. They are highly stable, dynamically regulated, and display a range of functions, including serving as decoys for microRNAs and proteins and, in some cases, circRNAs also undergo translation. Early work in animal models revealed an association between circRNAs and neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders; however, little is known about the link between circRNA function and memory. To address this, we examined circRNA in synaptosomes derived from the medial prefrontal cortex of fear extinction-trained male C57BL/6J mice and found 12837 circRNAs that were enriched at the synapse, including cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 antisense RNA (Cdr1as). Targeted knockdown of Cdr1as in the neural processes of the infralimbic cortex led to impaired fear extinction memory. These findings highlight the involvement of localised circRNA activity at the synapse in memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmi Lau Zajaczkowski
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Qiongyi Zhao
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wei-Siang Liau
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hao Gong
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Ambika Periyakaruppiah
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Laura Jane Leighton
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mason Musgrove
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Haobin Ren
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joshua Davies
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Paul Robert Marshall
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Genome Sciences and Cancer Division & Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Timothy William Bredy
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Serbis A, Giapros V, Tsamis K, Balomenou F, Galli-Tsinopoulou A, Siomou E. Beta Cell Dysfunction in Youth- and Adult-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: An Extensive Narrative Review with a Special Focus on the Role of Nutrients. Nutrients 2023; 15:2217. [PMID: 37432389 PMCID: PMC10180650 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally a disease of adults, type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been increasingly diagnosed in youth, particularly among adolescents and young adults of minority ethnic groups. Especially, during the recent COVID-19 pandemic, obesity and prediabetes have surged not only in minority ethnic groups but also in the general population, further raising T2D risk. Regarding its pathogenesis, a gradually increasing insulin resistance due to central adiposity combined with a progressively defective β-cell function are the main culprits. Especially in youth-onset T2D, a rapid β-cell activity decline has been observed, leading to higher treatment failure rates, and early complications. In addition, it is well established that both the quantity and quality of food ingested by individuals play a key role in T2D pathogenesis. A chronic imbalance between caloric intake and expenditure together with impaired micronutrient intake can lead to obesity and insulin resistance on one hand, and β-cell failure and defective insulin production on the other. This review summarizes our evolving understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in defective insulin secretion by the pancreatic islets in youth- and adult-onset T2D and, further, of the role various micronutrients play in these pathomechanisms. This knowledge is essential if we are to curtail the serious long-term complications of T2D both in pediatric and adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Serbis
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Giapros
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Νiarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece (F.B.)
| | - Konstantinos Tsamis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Foteini Balomenou
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Νiarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece (F.B.)
| | - Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou
- Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Stilponos Kyriakidi 1, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Ekaterini Siomou
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, St. Niarhcos Avenue, 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
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28
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Luo XY, Fu X, Liu F, Luo JY, Chen AF. Sema3G activates YAP and promotes VSMCs proliferation and migration via Nrp2/PlexinA1. Cell Signal 2023; 105:110613. [PMID: 36720439 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes exacerbates neointima formation after vascular procedures, manifested by accelerated proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Semaphorin 3G (Sema3G), secreted mainly from endothelial cells (ECs), regulates various cellular functions and vascular pathologies. However, the function and potential mechanism of ECs-derived Sema3G in VSMCs under diabetic condition remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and the mechanism of ECs-derived Sema3G in the regulation of VSMCs proliferation and migration. RESULTS ECs-derived Sema3G promoted human aortic SMCs (HASMCs) cell cycle progression and proliferation. Sema3G upregulated the expression of MMP2 and MMP9, which might explain the increased HASMCs migration by Sema3G. Inhibition of Nrp2/PlexinA1 mitigated the effect of Sema3G on promoting HASMCs proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, Sema3G inhibited LATS1 and activated YAP via Nrp2/PlexinA1. Verteporfin, an FDA-approved YAP pathway inhibitor, counteracted Sema3G-induced cyclin E and cyclin D1 expression. Besides, Sema3G expression was upregulated in ECs of diabetic mouse aortas. Serum Sema3G level was increased in type 2 diabetic patients and mice. Moreover, compared to chow diet-fed mice, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice showed thicker neointima and higher Sema3G expression in vasculature after femoral injury. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that ECs-derived Sema3G under diabetic condition activated YAP and promoted HASMCs proliferation and migration via Nrp2/PlexinA1. Thus, inhibition of Sema3G may hold therapeutic potential against diabetes-associated intimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yang Luo
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center of Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Diabetes, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Yun Luo
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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29
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Taylor HJ, Hung YH, Narisu N, Erdos MR, Kanke M, Yan T, Grenko CM, Swift AJ, Bonnycastle LL, Sethupathy P, Collins FS, Taylor DL. Human pancreatic islet microRNAs implicated in diabetes and related traits by large-scale genetic analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2206797120. [PMID: 36757889 PMCID: PMC9963967 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2206797120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic studies have identified ≥240 loci associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), yet most of these loci lie in non-coding regions, masking the underlying molecular mechanisms. Recent studies investigating mRNA expression in human pancreatic islets have yielded important insights into the molecular drivers of normal islet function and T2D pathophysiology. However, similar studies investigating microRNA (miRNA) expression remain limited. Here, we present data from 63 individuals, the largest sequencing-based analysis of miRNA expression in human islets to date. We characterized the genetic regulation of miRNA expression by decomposing the expression of highly heritable miRNAs into cis- and trans-acting genetic components and mapping cis-acting loci associated with miRNA expression [miRNA-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs)]. We found i) 84 heritable miRNAs, primarily regulated by trans-acting genetic effects, and ii) 5 miRNA-eQTLs. We also used several different strategies to identify T2D-associated miRNAs. First, we colocalized miRNA-eQTLs with genetic loci associated with T2D and multiple glycemic traits, identifying one miRNA, miR-1908, that shares genetic signals for blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Next, we intersected miRNA seed regions and predicted target sites with credible set SNPs associated with T2D and glycemic traits and found 32 miRNAs that may have altered binding and function due to disrupted seed regions. Finally, we performed differential expression analysis and identified 14 miRNAs associated with T2D status-including miR-187-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-668, and miR-199b-5p-and 4 miRNAs associated with a polygenic score for HbA1c levels-miR-216a, miR-25, miR-30a-3p, and miR-30a-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J. Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 0BB, UK
- Heart and Lung Research Institute, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 0BB, UK
| | - Yu-Han Hung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853
| | - Narisu Narisu
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Michael R. Erdos
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Matthew Kanke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853
| | - Tingfen Yan
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Caleb M. Grenko
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Amy J. Swift
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Lori L. Bonnycastle
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853
| | - Francis S. Collins
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - D. Leland Taylor
- Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
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30
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Zhao L, Ding Y, Yang C, Wang P, Zhao Z, Ma Y, Shi Y, Kang X. Identification and characterization of hypothalamic circular RNAs associated with bovine residual feed intake. Gene 2023; 851:147017. [PMID: 36341726 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Residual feed intake (RFI) is crucial economic indicator used for calculating the feed efficiency of growing beef cattle. circRNA plays an important biological role in gene transcriptional regulation, but little is known about its potential functional regulation underlying RFI phenotypic variation. As the core center of regulation of animal feeding, the hypothalamus is closely associated with RFI. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the key genes and functional pathways contributing to variance in cattle RFI phenotypes using RNA sequencing from hypothalamic tissue samples, in order to gain insight into the potential regulatory role of circRNAs in bovine RFI phenotypic variation. Differentially expressed genes were detected by RNA sequencing for beef cattle in the high and low RFI groups, followed by GO, KEGG enrichment, and circRNA-miRNA co-expression network analysis. A total of 257 circRNAs were differentially expressed between the two groups, with 128 significantly upregulated and 129 significantly downregulated genes in H group compared to L group. Among them, 9 unique circRNAs were present in group L and 4 unique circRNAs were present in group H. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of the source genes of the differentially expressed circRNAs revealed that they were mainly involved in metabolic processes, such as cellular metabolic processes, cellular macromolecular metabolic processes, and regulatory pathways related to nutrient metabolism, including protein and amino acid metabolism, as well as vitamin metabolism and pancreatic secretion associated with the animal feeding behavior. The circRNAs detected in this study were mostly novel, and have not been investigated directly to be associated with the RFI phenotype. Interestingly, most miRNAs of differentially expressed circRNAs predicted based on the circRNA-miRNA co-expression network analysis by using top 50 differentially expressed circRNAs and 13 unique circRNAs, have been reported to be related to animal RFIs, implying that circRNAs in bovine hypothalamic tissue may regulate phenotypic variation in RFI through miRNAs. The study results illustrate the complex biological functions of the hypothalamus in regulating feed efficiency and showing the potential role of circRNAs in the feeding behavior regulation of livestock, which would contributing to expanding the understanding of circRNA.
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31
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Sun F, Zhang Y, Wu X, Xu X, Zhu C, Huang W. Breviscapine Combined with BMSCs Reduces Aβ Deposition in Rat with Alzheimer's Disease by Regulating Circular RNA ciRS-7. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:76-86. [PMID: 35048805 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220113151044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to clarify that breviscapine combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) treatment can reduce Aβ deposition in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. BACKGROUND AD is a common degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Aβ protein deposition in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus causes neuronal peroxidation damage, synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and nerve cell apoptosis, and ultimately leads to AD. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether breviscapine combined with BMSCs treatment can reduce Aβ deposition in AD. METHODS The AD rat model was successfully induced by Aβ1-42. The expression of protein and mRNA was detected by western blot and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), respectively. RESULTS In AD rat brain tissue, the expression of circular RNA ciRS-7 (ciRS-7), ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), and NF-kappaB p65 was significantly downregulated, and the expression of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), β-site APPcleaving enzyme 1 (BAEC1), and Aβ was upregulated. The expression of ciRS-7, UCHL1, and p65 was significantly upregulated after breviscapine or BMSCs treatment, and there was increased APP and BAEC1 degradation. Notably, breviscapine combined with BMSCs treatment was more effective than either treatment alone. In SH-SY5Y cells, overexpression of ciRS-7 reduced Aβ deposition by upregulating UCHL1 to degrade APP and BAEC1, but these effects were reversed with inhibition of NF-kB signaling. Finally, knockdown of ciRS-7 elevated Aβ, APP, and BAEC1 expression in each group of rats compared with the control. CONCLUSION Breviscapine combined with BMSCs treatment can reduce Aβ deposition in AD rats and promote the degradation of APP and BAEC1 by activating NF-kB to promote UCHL1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 292 Beijing Road, Kunming, 650011, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 292 Beijing Road, Kunming, 650011, China
| | - Xinran Wu
- Teaching Research Department, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 292 Beijing Road, Kunming, 650011, China
| | - Xu Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 292 Beijing Road, Kunming, 650011, China
| | - Chaodie Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 292 Beijing Road, Kunming, 650011, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 292 Beijing Road, Kunming, 650011, China
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32
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Griess K, Rieck M, Müller N, Karsai G, Hartwig S, Pelligra A, Hardt R, Schlegel C, Kuboth J, Uhlemeyer C, Trenkamp S, Jeruschke K, Weiss J, Peifer-Weiss L, Xu W, Cames S, Yi X, Cnop M, Beller M, Stark H, Kondadi AK, Reichert AS, Markgraf D, Wammers M, Häussinger D, Kuss O, Lehr S, Eizirik D, Lickert H, Lammert E, Roden M, Winter D, Al-Hasani H, Höglinger D, Hornemann T, Brüning JC, Belgardt BF. Sphingolipid subtypes differentially control proinsulin processing and systemic glucose homeostasis. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:20-29. [PMID: 36543979 PMCID: PMC9859757 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-01027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Impaired proinsulin-to-insulin processing in pancreatic β-cells is a key defective step in both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) (refs. 1,2), but the mechanisms involved remain to be defined. Altered metabolism of sphingolipids (SLs) has been linked to development of obesity, type 1 diabetes and T2D (refs. 3-8); nonetheless, the role of specific SL species in β-cell function and demise is unclear. Here we define the lipid signature of T2D-associated β-cell failure, including an imbalance of specific very-long-chain SLs and long-chain SLs. β-cell-specific ablation of CerS2, the enzyme necessary for generation of very-long-chain SLs, selectively reduces insulin content, impairs insulin secretion and disturbs systemic glucose tolerance in multiple complementary models. In contrast, ablation of long-chain-SL-synthesizing enzymes has no effect on insulin content. By quantitatively defining the SL-protein interactome, we reveal that CerS2 ablation affects SL binding to several endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi transport proteins, including Tmed2, which we define as an endogenous regulator of the essential proinsulin processing enzyme Pcsk1. Our study uncovers roles for specific SL subtypes and SL-binding proteins in β-cell function and T2D-associated β-cell failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Griess
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Rieck
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nadine Müller
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gergely Karsai
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela Pelligra
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert Hardt
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Caroline Schlegel
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Kuboth
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Celina Uhlemeyer
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Trenkamp
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kay Jeruschke
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Weiss
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Leon Peifer-Weiss
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Weiwei Xu
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Cames
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Yi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mathias Beller
- Institute for Mathematical Modeling of Biological Systems and Systems Biology of Lipid Metabolism, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Arun Kumar Kondadi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel Markgraf
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marianne Wammers
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oliver Kuss
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Decio Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre De Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Welbio, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heiko Lickert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eckhard Lammert
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Metabolic Physiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dominic Winter
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doris Höglinger
- Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jens C Brüning
- Department of Neuronal Control of Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bengt-Frederik Belgardt
- Institute for Vascular and Islet Cell Biology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany.
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Sox9 is required in regeneration of pancreatic β cells following injury. Exp Cell Res 2023; 422:113406. [PMID: 36332684 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The reduction of insulin secretion due to pancreatic β cell injury caused by autoimmune reaction is the pathological basis of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Therefore, seeking new molecular targets for alleviating pancreatic β cell injury will provide experimental basis for the prevention and treatment of T1DM. SRY-box 9 (Sox9) is not only an important molecule regulating the development of various organs, but also its high expression can aggravate the pathological process of various diseases. In addition, Sox9+ cells are also pancreatic progenitor cells, participating in pancreatic repair reaction induced by injury. In our study, elevated blood glucose and lack of pancreatic β cells almost returned to normal over time after streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic β cell damage, implying that pancreatic β cells were regenerated after STZ-induced injury. In particular, the expression of Sox9 was significantly elevated during pancreatic β cell regeneration. On this basis, we conducted in vitro experiments to verify whether overexpression of Sox9 could inhibit the damage of pancreatic β cells by inflammatory factors. Our results showed that overexpression of Sox9 alleviated the damage of pancreatic β cells by inflammatory factors and improved the inhibitory effect of inflammatory factors on insulin secretion of pancreatic β cells. Unsurprising, blood glucose levels, insulin content and pancreatic β cell number failed to return to near-normal levels timely after pancreatic β cells specific knockout Sox9 mice were treated with STZ, further confirming the importance of Sox9 in facilitating pancreatic β cell repair or regeneration. Our study indicate that enhanced Sox9 activity might protect pancreatic β cells from autoimmune induced damage and thus improve the pathological process of T1DM.
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Marku A, Da Dalt L, Galli A, Dule N, Corsetto P, Rizzo AM, Moregola A, Uboldi P, Bonacina F, Marciani P, Castagna M, Catapano AL, Norata GD, Perego C. Pancreatic PCSK9 controls the organization of the β-cell secretory pathway via LDLR-cholesterol axis. Metabolism 2022; 136:155291. [PMID: 35981632 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesterol is central to pancreatic β-cell physiology and alterations of its homeostasis contribute to β-cell dysfunction and diabetes. Proper intracellular cholesterol levels are maintained by different mechanisms including uptake via the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). In the liver, the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) routes the LDLR to lysosomes for degradation, thus limiting its recycling to the membrane. PCSK9 is also expressed in the pancreas and loss of function mutations of PCSK9 result in higher plasma glucose levels and increased risk of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aim of this study was to investigate whether PCSK9 also impacts β-cells function. METHODS Pancreas-specific Pcsk9 null mice (Pdx1Cre/Pcsk9 fl/fl) were generated and characterized for glucose tolerance, insulin release and islet morphology. Isolated Pcsk9-deficient islets and clonal β-cells (INS1E) were employed to characterize the molecular mechanisms of PCSK9 action. RESULTS Pdx1Cre/Pcsk9 fl/fl mice exhibited normal blood PCSK9 and cholesterol levels but were glucose intolerant and had defective insulin secretion in vivo. Analysis of PCSK9-deficient islets revealed comparable β-cell mass and insulin content but impaired stimulated secretion. Increased proinsulin/insulin ratio, modifications of SNARE proteins expression and decreased stimulated‑calcium dynamics were detected in PCSK9-deficient β-cells. Mechanistically, pancreatic PCSK9 silencing impacts β-cell LDLR expression and cholesterol content, both in vivo and in vitro. The key role of LDLR is confirmed by the demonstration that LDLR downregulation rescued the phenotype. CONCLUSIONS These findings establish pancreatic PCSK9 as a novel critical regulator of the functional maturation of the β-cell secretory pathway, via modulation of cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Algerta Marku
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Da Dalt
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Galli
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Nevia Dule
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Corsetto
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Maria Rizzo
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Moregola
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Uboldi
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Bonacina
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Marciani
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Castagna
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberico Luigi Catapano
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy; IRCCS Multimedica Hospital, Sesto San Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy; Centro SISA per lo studio dell'Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, Italy.
| | - Carla Perego
- Dept of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20134 Milan, Italy.
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Yin W, Zhang Z, Xiao Z, Li X, Luo S, Zhou Z. Circular RNAs in diabetes and its complications: Current knowledge and future prospects. Front Genet 2022; 13:1006307. [PMID: 36386812 PMCID: PMC9643748 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1006307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel class of non-coding RNA transcripts called circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been the subject of significant recent studies. Accumulating evidence points that circRNAs play an important role in the cellular processes, inflammatory expression, and immune responses through sponging miRNA, binding, or translating in proteins. Studies have found that circRNAs are involved in the physiologic and pathologic processes of diabetes. There has been an increased focus on the relevance of between abnormal circRNA expression and the development and progression of various types of diabetes and diabetes-related diseases. These circRNAs not only serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic molecular biomarkers, but also have important biological roles in islet cells, diabetes, and its complications. In addition, many circRNA signaling pathways have been found to regulate the occurrence and development of diabetes. Here we comprehensively review and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the physiologic function and regulatory mechanisms of circRNAs on pancreatic islet cells, different subtypes in diabetes, and diabetic complications.
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LaPierre MP, Lawler K, Godbersen S, Farooqi IS, Stoffel M. MicroRNA-7 regulates melanocortin circuits involved in mammalian energy homeostasis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5733. [PMID: 36175420 PMCID: PMC9522793 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate physiological responses by repressing the expression of gene networks. We found that global deletion of microRNA-7 (miR-7), the most enriched miRNA in the hypothalamus, causes obesity in mice. Targeted deletion of miR-7 in Single-minded homolog 1 (Sim1) neurons, a critical component of the hypothalamic melanocortin pathway, causes hyperphagia, obesity and increased linear growth, mirroring Sim1 and Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) haplo-insufficiency in mice and humans. We identified Snca (α-Synuclein) and Igsf8 (Immunoglobulin Superfamily Member 8) as miR-7 target genes that act in Sim1 neurons to regulate body weight and endocrine axes. In humans, MIR-7-1 is located in the last intron of HNRNPK, whose promoter drives the expression of both genes. Genetic variants at the HNRNPK locus that reduce its expression are associated with increased height and truncal fat mass. These findings demonstrate that miR-7 suppresses gene networks involved in the hypothalamic melanocortin pathway to regulate mammalian energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P LaPierre
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Katherine Lawler
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Svenja Godbersen
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - I Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Markus Stoffel
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Medical Faculty, University of Zürich, 8091, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Mendonca A, Thandapani P, Nagarajan P, Venkatesh S, Sundaresan S. Role of microRNAs in regulation of insulin secretion and insulin signaling involved in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Biosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00295-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Mak KWY, Mustafa AF, Belsham DD. Neuroendocrine microRNAs linked to energy homeostasis: future therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Rep 2022; 74:774-789. [PMID: 36083576 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00409-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The brain orchestrates whole-body metabolism through an intricate system involving interneuronal crosstalk and communication. Specifically, a key player in this complex circuitry is the hypothalamus that controls feeding behaviour, energy expenditure, body weight and metabolism, whereby hypothalamic neurons sense and respond to circulating hormones, nutrients, and chemicals. Dysregulation of these neurons contributes to the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. The involvement of hypothalamic microRNAs, post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, in the central regulation of energy homeostasis has become increasingly apparent, although not completely delineated. This review summarizes current evidence demonstrating the regulation of feeding-related neuropeptides by brain-derived microRNAs as well as the regulation of specific miRNAs by nutrients and other peripheral signals. Moreover, the involvement of microRNAs in the central nervous system control of insulin, leptin, and estrogen signal transduction is examined. Finally, the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of microRNAs for metabolic disorders will be discussed and the regulation of brain-derived microRNAs by nutrients and other peripheral signals is considered. Demonstrating a critical role of microRNAs in hypothalamic regulation of energy homeostasis is an innovative route to uncover novel biomarkers and therapeutic candidates for metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly W Y Mak
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 3247A, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aws F Mustafa
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 3247A, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Denise D Belsham
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building 3247A, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Mishra S, Bahinipati J, Sarangi R, Mohapatra SR, Das S, Mishra A. A comprehensive overview on Micro RNA signature in type 2 diabetes Mellitus and its complications. Indian J Clin Biochem 2022; 38:151-158. [PMID: 36090301 PMCID: PMC9441834 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous, non-coding RNA molecules that can modulate the expression of their target genes. Since its discovery, an enormous breakthrough has been established regarding its biogenesis and pathophysiological action, which has revolutionized the field of molecular biology. In addition, recent studies have identified the existence of stable extracellular/circulating miRNAs tissues and in biological fluids like blood where they are safeguarded from endogenous ribonuclease activity. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as a prime health issue worldwide. Incidence has increased considerably over the past decade. There are various tests that have been employed to diagnose T2DM. But for early detection and development, the establishment of biomarkers are of paramount importance. Contemporary evidence also validates the signature of a set of this epigenetic factor miRNA in the development of various diseases, including T2DM. This article reviews the contemporary corroboration associating miRNAs and T2DM and emphasizes the potential role of miRNA as a circulatory biomarker that could alert the growing prevalence of T2DM. Also, it acknowledges the valuable compendium of information regarding biogenesis and functional role of circulating miRNA in insulin resistance which is intimately linked to T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjukta Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Campus 5, 751024 Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Jyotirmayee Bahinipati
- Department of Biochemistry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Campus 5, 751024 Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - RajLaxmi Sarangi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Campus 5, 751024 Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Soumya Ranjan Mohapatra
- Department of Research & Development, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Campus 5, 751024 Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Swarnalata Das
- Department of Paediatrics, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
| | - Amaresh Mishra
- Department of Surgery, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha India
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Lockridge A, Hanover JA. A nexus of lipid and O-Glcnac metabolism in physiology and disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:943576. [PMID: 36111295 PMCID: PMC9468787 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.943576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although traditionally considered a glucose metabolism-associated modification, the O-linked β-N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) regulatory system interacts extensively with lipids and is required to maintain lipid homeostasis. The enzymes of O-GlcNAc cycling have molecular properties consistent with those expected of broad-spectrum environmental sensors. By direct protein-protein interactions and catalytic modification, O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes may provide both acute and long-term adaptation to stress and other environmental stimuli such as nutrient availability. Depending on the cell type, hyperlipidemia potentiates or depresses O-GlcNAc levels, sometimes biphasically, through a diversity of unique mechanisms that target UDP-GlcNAc synthesis and the availability, activity and substrate selectivity of the glycosylation enzymes, O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). At the same time, OGT activity in multiple tissues has been implicated in the homeostatic regulation of systemic lipid uptake, storage and release. Hyperlipidemic patterns of O-GlcNAcylation in these cells are consistent with both transient physiological adaptation and feedback uninhibited obesogenic and metabolic dysregulation. In this review, we summarize the numerous interconnections between lipid and O-GlcNAc metabolism. These links provide insights into how the O-GlcNAc regulatory system may contribute to lipid-associated diseases including obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Lockridge
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John A. Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Li L, Zhang J, Lu C, Wang B, Guo J, Zhang H, Cui S. MicroRNA-7a2 Contributes to Estrogen Synthesis and Is Modulated by FSH via the JNK Signaling Pathway in Ovarian Granulosa Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158565. [PMID: 35955699 PMCID: PMC9369042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-7a2 (miR-7a2) plays fundamental roles in the female reproductive axis, and estrogen is indispensable for maintaining ovary function. However, the interaction between miR-7a2 and ovarian function is unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether and how miR-7a2 functions in estrogen synthesis. Firstly, the results verified that miR-7a was highly expressed in ovarian granulosa cells. The knockout (KO) of miR-7a2 caused infertility and abnormal ovarian function in mice. Concomitantly, the Cyp19a1 expression and estrogen synthesis were significantly inhibited, which was validated in primary granulosa cells. The mice transplanted with miR-7a2 KO ovaries showed similar results; however, estrogen supplementation reversed infertility. In the in vitro experiment, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) significantly improved the expression of miR-7a and Cyp19a1 and the synthesis of estrogen. However, the miR-7a2 KO markedly reversed the function of FSH. Also, FSH upregulated miR-7a by activating the (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) JNK signaling pathway. In addition, Golgi apparatus protein 1 (Glg1) was shown to be the target gene of miR-7a2. These findings indicated that miR-7a2 is essential for ovarian functions with respect to estrogen synthesis through the targeted inhibition of the expression of Glg1 and then promoting Cyp19a1 expression; the physiological process was positively regulated by FSH via the JNK signaling pathway in granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (B.W.); (J.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (B.W.); (J.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Bingjie Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (B.W.); (J.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jiajia Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (B.W.); (J.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Haitong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (B.W.); (J.G.); (H.Z.)
| | - Sheng Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (L.L.); (C.L.); (B.W.); (J.G.); (H.Z.)
- Institute of Reproduction and Metabolism, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence:
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Mao Y, Schoenborn J, Wang Z, Chen X, Matson K, Mohan R, Zhang S, Tang X, Arunagiri A, Arvan P, Tang X. Transgenic overexpression of microRNA-30d in pancreatic beta-cells progressively regulates beta-cell function and identity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11969. [PMID: 35831364 PMCID: PMC9279310 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal microRNA functions are closely associated with pancreatic β-cell loss and dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Dysregulation of miR-30d has been reported in the individuals with diabetes. To study how miR-30d affects pancreatic β-cell functions, we generated two transgenic mouse lines that specifically overexpressed miR-30d in β-cells at distinct low and high levels. Transgenic overexpressed miR-30d systemically affected β-cell function. Elevated miR-30d at low-level (TgL, 2-fold) had mild effects on signaling pathways and displayed no significant changes to metabolic homeostasis. In contrast, transgenic mice with high-level of miR-30d expression (TgH, 12-fold) exhibited significant diet-induced hyperglycemia and β-cell dysfunction. In addition, loss of β-cell identity was invariably accompanied with increased insulin/glucagon-double positive bihormonal cells and excess plasma glucagon levels. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that miR-30d overexpression inhibited β-cell-enriched gene expression and induced α-cell-enriched gene expression. These findings implicate that an appropriate miR-30d level is essential in maintaining normal β-cell identity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Mao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Jacob Schoenborn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Xinqian Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Katy Matson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Ramkumar Mohan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Shungang Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Xiaohu Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Anoop Arunagiri
- Department of Metabolism Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Peter Arvan
- Department of Metabolism Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
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Alexandru N, Procopciuc A, Vîlcu A, Comariţa IK, Bӑdilӑ E, Georgescu A. Extracellular vesicles-incorporated microRNA signature as biomarker and diagnosis of prediabetes state and its complications. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:309-332. [PMID: 34143360 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small anuclear vesicles, delimited by a lipid bilayer, released by almost all cell types, carrying functionally active biological molecules that can be transferred to the neighbouring or distant cells, inducing phenotypical and functional changes, relevant in various physio-pathological conditions. The microRNAs are the most significant active components transported by EVs, with crucial role in intercellular communication and significant effects on recipient cells. They may also server as novel valuable biomarkers for the diagnosis of metabolic disorders. Moreover, EVs are supposed to mediate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk and its progress. The T2DM development is preceded by prediabetes, a state that is associated with early forms of nephropathy and neuropathy, chronic kidney disease, diabetic retinopathy, and increased risk of macrovascular disease. Although the interest of scientists was focused not only on the pathogenesis of diabetes, but also on the early diagnosis, little is known about EVs-incorporated microRNA involvement in prediabetes state and its microvascular and macrovascular complications. Here, we survey the biogenesis, classification, content, biological functions and the most popular primary isolation methods of EVs, review the EVs-associated microRNA profiling connexion with early stages of diabetes and discuss the role of EVs containing specific microRNAs in prediabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Alexandru
- Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anastasia Procopciuc
- Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Vîlcu
- Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Karla Comariţa
- Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elisabeta Bӑdilӑ
- Internal Medicine Clinic, Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Adriana Georgescu
- Pathophysiology and Pharmacology Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology 'Nicolae Simionescu' of Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania.
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Todero JE, Koch-Laskowski K, Shi Q, Kanke M, Hung YH, Beck R, Styblo M, Sethupathy P. Candidate master microRNA regulator of arsenic-induced pancreatic beta cell impairment revealed by multi-omics analysis. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:1685-1699. [PMID: 35314868 PMCID: PMC9095563 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a pervasive environmental toxin that is listed as the top priority for investigation by the Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry. While chronic exposure to arsenic is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D), the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We have recently demonstrated that arsenic treatment of INS-1 832/13 pancreatic beta cells impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), a T2D hallmark. We have also shown that arsenic alters the microRNA profile of beta cells. MicroRNAs have a well-established post-transcriptional regulatory role in both normal beta cell function and T2D pathogenesis. We hypothesized that there are microRNA master regulators that shape beta cell gene expression in pathways pertinent to GSIS after exposure to arsenicals. To test this hypothesis, we first treated INS-1 832/13 beta cells with either inorganic arsenic (iAsIII) or monomethylarsenite (MAsIII) and confirmed GSIS impairment. We then performed multi-omic analysis using chromatin run-on sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and small RNA-sequencing to define profiles of transcription, gene expression, and microRNAs, respectively. Integrating across these data sets, we first showed that genes downregulated by iAsIII treatment are enriched in insulin secretion and T2D pathways, whereas genes downregulated by MAsIII treatment are enriched in cell cycle and critical beta cell maintenance factors. We also defined the genes that are subject primarily to post-transcriptional control in response to arsenicals and demonstrated that miR-29a is the top candidate master regulator of these genes. Our results highlight the importance of microRNAs in arsenical-induced beta cell dysfunction and reveal both shared and unique mechanisms between iAsIII and MAsIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E Todero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kieran Koch-Laskowski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Matt Kanke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Han Hung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Rowan Beck
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Miroslav Styblo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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Bhushan R, Rani A, Gupta D, Ali A, Dubey PK. MicroRNA-7 regulates insulin signaling pathway by targeting IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1 genes in gestational diabetes mellitus. Microrna 2022; 11:57-72. [PMID: 35422233 DOI: 10.2174/2211536611666220413100636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small non-coding micro RNAs (miRNAs) are indicated in various metabolic processes and play a critical role in disease pathology, including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the altered expression of miRNAs and their target genes in placental tissue (PL), cord blood (CB), and maternal blood (MB) of matched non-glucose tolerant (NGT) and GDM mother. METHODS In a case-control study, micro-RNA was quantified from forty-five serum (MB n = 15, CB n = 15, and PL n = 15) and matched placental tissue using stem-loop RT-qPCR followed by target prediction, network construction and functional and pathways enrichment analysis. Further, target genes were verified in-vitro through transfection and RT-qPCR. RESULTS Five miRNAs, namely hsa-let 7a-5P, hsa-miR7-5P, hsa-miR9-5P, hsa-miR18a-5P, and hsa-miR23a-3P were significantly over-expressed (p < 0.05) in all three samples namely PL, CB, and MB of GDM patients. However, the sample-wise comparison reveals higher expression of miRNA 7 in MB while lowest in CB than control. Furthermore, a comparison of fold change expression of target genes discloses a lower expression of IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1 in MB while comparatively higher expression of NRAS in MB and CB. In-vitro validation reveals lower expression of IRS1/2 and RAF1 in response to overexpression of miR-7 and vice-versa. Thus it is evident that increased miRNA7 expression causes down-regulation of its target genes IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1 in GDM mother compared to control. Further, target prediction, pathway enrichment, and hormone analysis (significantly higher FSH & LH in MB of GDM compared to NGT) revealed the insulin signaling, inflammatory and GnRH signaling as major pathways regulated by miRNA7. CONCLUSIONS Thus, an elevated level of miRNA7 may be associated with the progression of GDM by altering the multiple pathways like insulin, GnRH, and inflammatory signaling pathways via targeting IRS1, IRS2, and RAF1, implicating a new therapeutic target for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bhushan
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anjali Rani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepali Gupta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ashirwad Hospital, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akhtar Ali
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pawan K Dubey
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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He L, Bao T, Yang Y, Wang H, Gu C, Chen J, Zhai T, He X, Wu M, Zhao L, Tong X. Exploring the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus intestinal damp-heat syndrome and the therapeutic effect of Gegen Qinlian Decoction from the perspective of exosomal miRNA. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114786. [PMID: 34763043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Diabetes is a common, complex, chronic metabolic disease. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-parallel controlled clinical study has shown that Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) can reduce glycosylated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) intestinal damp-heat syndrome patients in a dose-dependent manner. AIM To explore the pathogenesis of T2DM intestinal damp-heat syndrome and the therapeutic effect of GQD from the perspective of exosomal microRNA (miRNA). METHODS Eligible patients were selected and treated with GQD for 3 months to evaluate their clinical efficacy. Effective cases were matched with healthy volunteers, and saliva samples were collected. Exosomal miRNA was extracted from saliva and analyzed by chip sequencing. Subsequently, the function of the differential gene and the signal transduction pathway were analyzed using bioinformatics technology. Finally, three target miRNAs were randomly selected from the T2DM group/healthy group, and two target miRNAs in the T2DM before treatment/after treatment group were randomly selected for qPCR verification. Finally, we conducted a correlation analysis of the miRNAs and clinical indicators. The registration number for this research is ChiCTR-IOR-15006626. RESULTS (1) The expression of exosomal miRNA chips showed that there were 14 differentially expressed miRNAs in the T2DM group/healthy group, and 26 differentially expressed miRNAs in the T2DM before treatment/after treatment group. (2) Enrichment results showed that in the T2DM group/healthy group, it was primarily related to cell development, body metabolism, TGF-β, and ErbB signaling pathways. In the T2DM before treatment/after treatment group, it was mainly related to cellular metabolic regulation processes, and insulin, Wnt, and AMPK signaling pathways. (3) The qPCR verification showed that the expressions of hsa-miR-9-5p, hsa-miR-150-5p, and hsa-miR-216b-5p in the T2DM group was higher (P<0.05). Following GQD treatment, hsa-miR-342-3p and hsa-miR-221-3p were significantly downregulated (P<0.05). (4) hsa-miR-9-5p was positively correlated with BMI (P<0.05), and hsa-miR-150-5p was positively correlated with total cholesterol and triglycerides (P<0.05). The GQD efficacy-related gene hsa-miR-342-3p was positively correlated with the patient's initial blood glucose level (P<0.05), and hsa-miR-221-3p was positively correlated with total cholesterol and triglycerides (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The exosomal miRNA expression profile and signaling pathways related to T2DM intestinal damp-heat syndrome and the efficacy of GQD were established, which provides an alternative strategy for precision traditional Chinese medicine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiSha He
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Tingting Bao
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chengjuan Gu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guang Zhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tiangang Zhai
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xinhui He
- Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Mengyi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Endocrinology Department, Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, 130117, China.
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Ren L. Circular RNA PIP5K1A act as microRNA-552-3p sponge to regulates inflammation, oxidative damage in glucolipotoxicity-induced pancreatic INS-1 β-cells via Janus kinase 1. Bioengineered 2022; 13:5724-5736. [PMID: 35184688 PMCID: PMC8974055 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2022076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated level of glucolipotoxicity induces the loss of pancreatic β-cells functions and plays an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Previous studies have indicated the importance of developing therapies against T2DM, while circular RNA (circRNA) has gained attraction as a modulator of pancreatic β-cell function. In the present study role of circPIP5K1A in dysfunctional β cells and mouse pancreas was comprehensively analyzed. INS-1E, as it has close similarity with naïve pancreatic β-cells, and clinical samples of T2DM patients were used to investigate the effect of circPIP5K1A, miR-552-3p, and Janus kinase 1 (JAK1). While, INS-1E cells were exposed to PAHG conditions (0.5 mM palmitic acid and 28 mM glucose) as studies have suggested that increased level of fatty acid and glucose resulted in autophagy activation of pancreatic β-cells that leads to T2DM. Key player of JAK1-STAT3 pathway and the level of Reactive Oxygen Species, inflammatory factors, and insulin secretion was detected to analyze the of the active association of circPIP5K1A, miR-552-3p with JAK1pathway. Our study has revealed the elevated level ofcircPIP5K1A and JAK1, but reduced level of miR-552-3pin the serum of T2DM patients. Furthermore, we also found that reduced expression ofcircPIP5K1A leads to decreased rate of inflammation, oxidative damage and apoptosisinINS-1E cells induced by glucolipotoxicity. CircPIP5K1A was available to competitively combine with miR-552-3p, while whose direct target was JAK1. In conclusion, our study suggested a novel involvement of circPIP5K1A in a cross talk between miR5523p/JAK1/STAT3 pathways in β-cells as a new therapeutic target for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Dubey R, Prabhakar PK, Gupta J. Epigenetics: key to improve delayed wound healing in type 2 diabetes. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:371-383. [PMID: 34739665 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-related delayed wound healing is a multifactorial, nuanced, and intertwined complication that causes substantial clinical morbidity. The etiology of diabetes and its related microvascular complications is affected by genes, diet, and lifestyle factors. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and post-transcriptional RNA regulation (microRNAs) are subsequently recognized as key facilitators of the complicated interaction between genes and the environment. Current research suggests that diabetes-persuaded dysfunction of epigenetic pathways, which results in changed expression of genes in target cells and cause diabetes-related complications including cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, delayed wound healing, etc., which are foremost drivers to diabetes-related adverse outcomes. In this paper, we discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in controlling tissue repair, angiogenesis, and expression of growth factors, as well as recent findings that show the alteration of epigenetic events during diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupal Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University (LPU), Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, 144411, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Pranav Kumar Prabhakar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Physiotherapy and Paramedical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, 144411, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Jeena Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University (LPU), Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, 144411, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
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Interplay between circular RNA, microRNA, and human diseases. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:277-286. [PMID: 35084582 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNA formed by the back splicing process. They are ubiquitous, stable, evolutionally conserved, and are tissue-specific. The biochemical and molecular features of circRNAs hold the potential to be used as biomarkers in various diseases to achieve pharmacological goals. CircRNAs have numerous latent modes of action, from acting as sponges for microRNAs and RNA binding proteins to serve as transcriptional regulators, epigenetic alterations, etc. Dysregulated functioning of several circular RNAs lead to the progression of a plethora of diseases. Due to their extremely stable nature and amazing tissue specificity, circRNAs have paved the way for advanced clinical studies as a novel method of early disease detection and treatment efficacy. Therefore, they have been recognized as a latent diagnostic biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, osteoarthritis, and cardiovascular diseases.
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50
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Emergent Roles of Circular RNAs in Metabolism and Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031032. [PMID: 35162956 PMCID: PMC8834750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an emerging group of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and have attracted attention again according to the progress in high-throughput sequencing in recent years. circRNAs are genome transcripts produced from pre-messenger (m)RNA regions in a specific process called “back-splicing,” which forms covalently closed continuous loops. Due to their lack of a 5’ cap and 3’ poly-adenylated tails, circRNAs are remarkably more stable than linear RNAs. Functionally, circRNAs can endogenously sponge to microRNAs, interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), or translate themselves. Moreover, circRNAs can be expressed in cell type- or tissue-specific expression patterns. Therefore, they are proposed to play essential roles in fine-tuning our body’s homeostasis by regulating transcription and translation processes. Indeed, there has been accumulating emergent evidence showing that dysregulation of circRNAs can lead to metabolic disorders. This study explored the current knowledge of circRNAs that regulate molecular processes associated with glucose and lipid homeostasis and related pathogeneses of metabolic disorders. We also suggest the potential role of circRNAs as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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